Chuchian

Chuchian was a language spoken by the tribes of the Plain of Horses in Kara-Tur and the Hordelands, those that dwelt along the border with Shou Lung and north of the Kora Shan.
==Related languages==
Chuchian was of the Eastern Imaskari languages subgroup, which was in turn of the Imaskari languages family.In 1988, Kara-Tur: The Eastern Realms first discussed the language and dialects of six tribes of the Plain of Horses, but left it unnamed. Later, in 1990, Ronin Challenge named this language "Chuchian", but at the same time The Horde listed two of these tribes as among those speaking a language of the Eastern Imaskari languages group. The "Speaking in Tongues" article in Dragon Annual #4 repeats this categorization. For precision, this article adopts the narrow view that only the six tribes first discussed in Kara-Tur: The Eastern Realms speak Chuchian (assumed to be of the Eastern Imaskari languages group), while the other tribes listed in The Horde speak other Eastern Imaskari languages. However, Thomas M. Costa, author of the "Speaking in Tongues" article, suggests here that "Chuchian" may simply be a Shou term for Imaskari, but this remains supposition.
These Eastern Imaskari tongues had been greatly influenced by Shou Chiang.
==Dialect==
Each of the major tribes spoke their own dialect. The major tribes were the Fankiang, Kashghun, and Tsu-tsu, each with dialects named for them.The Horde lists "Fankiang" and "Khaghun" as languages in their own right, but the Kara-Tur sources discuss these as only dialects of the Chuchian language. The Horde does not list Tsu-tsu, but as a major tribe it must also have its own dialect.
The minor tribes of the Plain of Horses, namely the Guychiang, Igidujin, and T'aghurs, adopted the dialect of the nearest major tribe with whom they were currently allied. These dialects changed as alliances shifted; a keen ear could determine tribal politics by discerning which was used.
==Vocabulary==
The vocabulary of Chuchian was very specific and precise. The Plainsmen considered general terms like "grass", "tree", or "place" as next-to-useless, even a bit insulting. They preferred instead a specific word for each item and concept, that is, each animal, plant, emotion, terrain, type of weather, and so on, had a separate word attached. They would give all details about a topic. For example, a Plainsmen asked about a camel they owned would give its precise age, heritage, color, and personality.
Furthermore, every landmark, no matter how minor, had its own proper name, just as people did. However, each tribe had their own names for each hill, pass, stream, or bend in the river. Thus, many Plainsmen had to know four or five such names for each landmark in order to travel, and names could differ depending on who a traveler asked.
==Learning==
A non-native could easily learn some Chuchian sufficient for basic communication, but it was almost impossible to gain fluency without being raised with it. Thus a spy would have a hard time going among the tribes unnoticed.
==Written==
A number of the tribes created their own alphabets, which were simpler and easier to learn than most others of Kara-Tur.
==Dictionary & Glossary==
===A===
;apa qaghan
: brother to the chief.
===B===
;beg
: financial officers or tax collectors.
===C===
;chieh-tu-shih
: military governors.
;chigolgan
: supervisors.
;choir horal
: a type of religious debate practiced by lamas.
;chokhor modo
: a type of war club.
;chang
: an extended family, called a 'tent'.
===E===
;elchi
: minor officials and clerks.
===G===
;gajar-un ejin
: a local god watching over a place.
;ger
: a large, movable tent, similar to a yurt.
===H===
;hoshio
: the group of tribes that followed a reigning prince.
;hsing
: clan.
;huluk
: a hardy specimen of Steppe horse.
===K===
;keshig
: a unit of soldiers employed as the personal guard of the qaghan.
;khtagh
: "scarf".This appears to be named for the khatag scarf used in Tibetan Buddhism and Mongolian faith.
===M===
;minggan
: a unit of 1,000 soldiers, or 10 muke.
;muke
: a unit of 100 soldiers.
===N===
;nom-satakon erughe
: "Tent of the Bows and Quivers".
===O===
;obo
: a structure of stone and wood used to mark a sacred site.This appears to be named for the ovoo or obo, a marker or shrine used in Mongolian faith.
;ordo
: a unit of elite soldiers employed in Li-Raz.
===P===
;po-shih
: a leader of a clan (hsing).
;pu-lo
: tribe.
===Q===
;qaghan
: "chief", a ruler of a tribe, village, or city.
===S===
;she-li
: a unit of elite soldiers employed in Li-Raz.
;sibege
: a fortified city gate.
;sidam
: a type of thrown club.
===T===
;temu
: a unit of 10,000 soldiers, or ten minggan.
===Y===
;yabghu
: a secondary ruler to the qaghan.
;yurt
: a large, movable tent; see yurt.
==Appendix==
===Notes===
===References===
===Connections===
Category:Human languages
Category:Imaskari languages
Category:Kara-Turan languages
Category:Languages