Yakut-Sakha SSR

DOCUMENT: YAKUT.TXT
 
 
 D E C L A R A T I O N
 
 ON STATE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE YAKUT-SAKHA 
 SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
 
 The Supreme Soviet of the Yakut autonomous Soviet socialist 
 Republic, 
 
 NOTING that the status of an autonomous republic limits its 
 sovereign rights, does not conform to the fundamental principles of a 
 rule-of-law state and has become an obstacle to the socio-economic 
 development of the republic; 
 
 - CONSIDERING the republic as an equal-in-rights subject of the 
 RSFSR and the USSR, 
 
 - AWARE of its historical responsibility for the fate of the 
 multi-national people of the republic, 
 
 - RESPECTING sovereign rights of all peoples within the RSFSR and 
 the USSR, standing for the renewal of the Russian soviet Federated 
 socialist Republic and the union of Soviet socialist Republics, 
 
 - ACTING in accordance with the principles of the Universal 
 Declaration of Human Rights and universally recognized international 
 legal acts, 
 
 - EXPRESSING the interests and the will of all peoples of the 
 republic to self-determination, socio-economic progress, cultural 
 revival, raising of living standards, 
 
 proclaims the state sovereignty of Yakutia and transforms it into 
 the Yakut-Sakha soviet socialist Republic. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 1
 
 The Yakut-Sakha Soviet Socialist Republic is a sovereign socialist 
 state forming a part of the renewed RSFSR, created historically by the 
 peoples living in its territory under extreme conditions of the North, 
 and in accordance with the principle of self-determination on the 
 bases of a free expression of the will of its citizens. 
 
 The bearers of sovereignty and the source of State power in the 
 Yakut-sakha SSR are its people consisting of citizens of the republic 
 of all nationalities. The people shall effectuate state power on the 
 basis of the Constitution of the Yakut-sakha SSR directly as well as 
 through representative agencies - soviets of people's deputies. No 
 political party, public organization, other groups or individuals have 
 the right to speak in the name of the people. 
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall conclude a federative treaty with other 
 equal-in-rights subjects and participate together with other republics 
 in the Treaty of the union. 
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall possess the entirety of State power on 
 its territory except for the powers which are transferred voluntarily 
 in accordance with the treaty to the jurisdiction of the RsFsR and the 
 USSR and effectuated with its participation. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 2
 
 The Constitution of the Yakut-Sakha SSR respecting the 
 Constitution of the RSFSR and the Constitution of the USSR shall 
 possess the right of supremacy throughout the territory of the 
 republic. 
 
 The separation of legislative, executive and judicial power at the 
 level of the supreme soviet of the Yakut-sakha SSR shall be a 
 constitutional principle of state functioning of the republic. 
 
 The laws of the RSFSR and the USSR adopted in accordance with the 
 powers voluntarily transferred to their jurisdiction, shall possess 
 the supreme juridical power on the territory of the Yakut-sakha SSR. 
 
 The effect of the acts of the RsFSR and the USSR not contrary to 
 the sovereign rights of the people of the republic shall be suspended 
 by the supreme soviet of the republic. Disagreements between the 
 Yakut-sakha SSR, the RSFSR and the USSR in such cases shall be 
 considered in the procedure established by the Federative Treaty and 
 the Treaty of the union. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 3
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall have its own citizenship and protect 
 honour, dignity, health, legitimate interests of its citizens within 
 the territory of the republic as well as beyond its limits. Equal 
 rights and freedoms stipulated by the universal Declaration of Human 
 Rights, the constitutions of the RSFSR, USSR and the Yakut-Sakha SSR 
 shall be guaranteed to all citizens and stateless persons residing on 
 the territory of the republic. 
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall decide autonomously questions in the 
 domain of legislation on the use of languages, the development of 
 culture and education. 
 
 The Yakut and Russian languages shall be established as state 
 languages. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 4
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall guarantee to the national minorities of 
 the North of Yakutia preservation of their indigenous human 
 environment, self-government, political and legal equality by means of 
 creating national-territorial formations, setting conditions necessary 
 for their national, economic, cultural and language revival. The 
 republic recognizes the languages of the national minorities of the 
 North as official languages on their territory. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 5
 
 The economic system of the Yakut-sakha SSR shall be based on 
 diverse forms of ownership including private and intellectual 
 property. 
 
 Land, its minerals, water, forests, flora and fauna, other natural 
 resources, air space and the continental shelf on the territory of the 
 republic shall be its exclusive property. 
 
 ownership of production means and labour results shall be 
 determined and regulated on the basis of the Federative and Union 
 Treaties and the Yakut-sakha legislation. All enterprises organization 
 SSR and agencies situated on the territory of the republic, except for 
 those which are specified in the treaties with the RSFSR and the USSR 
 shall be under the jurisdiction of the Yakut-sakha SsR. 
 
 Enterprises located on the territory on the Yakut-Sakha SSR shall 
 pay for natural and labour resources, make currency deductions, pay 
 taxes to the budget. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 6
 
 The territory of the Yakut-Sakha SSR shall be integral and may not 
 be changed or used without the consent of the supreme soviet of the 
 Republic. 
 
 Local Soviets being agencies of State power on their territory 
 shall be authorized to decide questions relegated to their competence, 
 participate in the discussion of the problems of the republican, 
 federative and all union importance. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 7
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall enter into direct economic and other 
 relations with other subjects of the Federation, autonomously 
 establish direct economic and cultural contacts with foreign states. 
 The republic shall raise its own currency fund, the size of which 
 shall be specified by the treaties with the RSFSR and the USSR. 
 
 Foreign economic activities of all enterprises and agencies 
 situated on the territory of the republic, basing on the use of its 
 property and natural wealth, shall be regulated irrespective of their 
 subordination, by the legislation of the Yakut-sakha SSR. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 8
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall autonomously establish the procedure of 
 organization of the environment protection and rational use of natural 
 resources on its territory, participate in realization of the 
 government ecological programmes of the RSFSR and the USSR. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 9
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall have the right to self-determination of 
 its national-state organization on the basis of a free expression of 
 the will of Yakutia citizens, decide autonomously the questions of its 
 administrative-territorial division. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 10
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR stands for the renewal and consistent 
 perfection of the soviet federation as a union of sovereign socialist 
 states. 
 
 No one should make use of the legitimate striving of Yakutia 
 citizens for its political and economic independence as a sovereign 
 state arousing discord between nations, hostility and conflicts, but 
 it should be used exclusively with the purpose of harmonization of 
 relations between nations and realization of their equal rights on the 
 grounds of internationalism and friendship of the peoples. 
 
 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall guarantee to all citizens, political 
 parties, public organizations, mass movements and religious 
 organizations functioning within the framework of the Yakut-sakha SSR 
 constitution equal legal possibilities to participate in the 
 administration of state and social affairs. 
 
 
 ARTICLE 11
 
 The present Declaration shall be the basis for the working out of 
 a new constitution of the Yakut-sakha SSR, the conclusion of a treaty 
 with the RSFSR and a Treaty of the Union, the improvement of republic 
 legislation. 
 
 
 Adopted by the second session of the supreme soviet of the Yakut 
 Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. 
 
 City of Yakutsk 
 September 27, 1990 
 
 
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category:Dissolution of USSR