Cum non solum

Cum non solum was a letter written by Pope Innocent IV to the Mongols on March 13, 1245. In it, Pope Innocent appeals to the Mongols to desist from attacking Christians and other nations, and inquires as to the Mongols' future intentions.Jackson, p. 88 Innocent also expresses a desire for peace (possibly unaware that in the Mongol vocabulary, "peace" is a synonym for "subjection")."In the Mongols' vocabulary, the terms for 'peace' and for 'subjection' were identical... The mere despatch of an embassy seemed tantamount to surrender." Jackson, p. 90
This message was carried by the Franciscan John of Plano Carpini,Monumenta Germaniae Historica; Epistolae Saeculi XIII: E Regestis Pontificum Romanorum, ed. Karl Rodenberg (Berlin, 1887), Vol. 2, No. 105, p. 75. who successfully reached the Mongol capital of Karakorum, where he attended the election of the new Khan Güyük on August 24, 1246.Rachewiltz, p. 99..
Guyuk replied to the Pope's letter with a demand for his submission and a visit from the rulers of the West in homage to Mongol power:Rachewiltz, p. 103.
==Naming==
Papal bulls are generally named by modern scholars, according to their incipit, or beginning. This bull starts with similar language to the two other letters, Viam agnoscere veritatis and Dei patris immensa. The bull starts, "...regi et populo Tartarorum viam agnoscere veritatis. Cum non solum homines verum etiam animalia irrationalia nec non ipsa mundialis elementa machine quadam nativi federis..." Source
==Notes==
==Bibliography==
* Brand-Pierach, Sandra, Ungläubige im Kirchenrecht, Text of the letter p.174 
* , English translation of text of the letter
*
* Roux, Jean-Paul, Histoire de l'Empire Mongol, 1993, Fayard, ISBN 2213031649
* Setton, Kenneth Meyer, A History of the Crusades
* MGH Epp. Saec. XIII, Volume 2, pp. 72-75 (original source documents)
* Grousset, Rene, Histoire des Croisades, III, Tempus, 2006 edition, ISBN 226202569X
* Rachewiltz, I, Papal Envoys to the Great Khans, Stanford University Press, 1971.
* Runciman, Steven, History of the Crusades, III, Penguin Books, 2002 edition, ISBN 014013705X
Category:1245
Category:13th-century papal bulls
it:Cum non solum