Query: Mass separation by metamaterials

Candidate papers:

abstract: Being able to manipulate mass flow is critically important in a variety of physical processes in chemical and biomolecular science. For example, separation and catalytic systems, which requires precise control of mass diffusion, are crucial in the manufacturing of chemicals, crystal growth of semiconductors, waste recovery of biological solutes or chemicals, and production of artificial kidneys. Coordinate transformations and metamaterials are powerful methods to achieve precise manipulation of molecular diffusion. Here, we introduce a novel approach to obtain mass separation based on metamaterials that can sort chemical and biomolecular species by cloaking one compound while concentrating the other. A design strategy to realize such metamaterial using homogeneous isotropic materials is proposed. We present a practical case where a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen is manipulated using a metamaterial that cloaks nitrogen and concentrates oxygen. This work lays the foundation for molecular mass separation in biophysical and chemical systems through metamaterial devices.
author_names: Juan-Manuel Restrepo-Florez

Martin Maldovan
title: Mass Separation by Metamaterials
venue: Scientific reports
year: 2016

abstract: In this letter, we describe and study microwave Luneburg lenses using a broadband metamaterial composed of radially diverging dielectric rods. The gradual Luneburg's permittivity profile is achieved in this lens through arranging identical thin rods with a spatially variable cross section in various radial directions with a subwavelength separation. The performance of the considered metamaterial lenses was studied by full wave numerical simulation and measurements in an anechoic chamber. The results reveal that, although anisotropy of the structure causes aperture phase errors, the structure composed of diverging dielectric rods may still operate as a cylindrical or spherical Luneburg lens. Advantageously, the considered design is attractive for mass production of large scaled beam steering antennas because the lens is composed of identical shaped dielectric parts.
author_names: Andrey D Sayanskiy

Stanislav B Glybovski

Valerii Petrovich Akimov

Dmitry S Filonov

Pavel A Belov

Igor K Meshkovskiy
title: Broadband 3 D Luneburg Lenses Based on Metamaterials of Radially Diverging Dielectric Rods
venue: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
year: 2017

abstract: Acoustic metamaterials are artificial structures with acoustic properties not found in natural materials.1 They consist of periodic arrangements of subwavelength units, each unit being a designed composite made of different materials and shapes. Since the building units and their separation are small in comparison with the sound wavelength, a metamaterial behaves as a homogeneous medium with exotic properties. A fluid or a gas can be acoustically characterized with two parameters, its mass density and its bulk modulus (B) Although these parameters always take positive values in natural materials, mass anisotropy and negative values of both parameters are possible under dynamical conditions using acoustic metamaterials.1 3 These unusual properties lead to novel phenomena such as negative refraction, and interesting applications such as superlensing or acoustic cloaks. This work focuses on metamaterials intended to work with waves traveling inside two dimensional ducts. One of the walls defining such a waveguide is drilled in order to insert a periodic arrangement of cylindrical cavities (see Figure 1) Since the cavities' length L extends along the third dimension, the resulting structures are named quasi two dimensional sonic crystals (Q2DSC) We found that they exhibit unusual properties due to the resonances embedded in the cavities. These properties appear at low frequencies, corresponding to wavelengths much larger than the cavity radius, R, and lattice separation, a. We fabricated Q2DSC sample consisting of a cluster made of 15 rows of 9 cylinders with R D 1cm, and covering an area of 47 25cm2 (see Figure 2) We characterized the sample in a Figure 1. Diagram of a simple quasi 2D sonic crystal. It consists of a periodic distribution of cylindrical cavities drilled in the upper surface of a waveguide with height h. The color pattern represents the sound propagation inside the waveguide. R: Cavity radius. L: Length. a: Lattice separation.
author_names: Daniel Torrent

Victor M Garcia-Chocano

Rogelio Gracia-Salgado

Francisco Cervera

Jose Sanchez-Dehesa
title: Quasi two dimensional acoustic metamaterials for sound control in ducts
year: 2014

abstract: The vibrational waves in a one dimensional composite system containing a series of mass in mass resonators that act as acoustic metamaterials were studied. Using a lattice model, the transmission of sound waves in single and double barrier systems was numerically clarified. In the double barrier system, characteristic frequencies were found to exist in a band gap range in which sharp peaks appeared in the transmission coefficient. The frequency dependence of wave transmission upon the thickness of the resonant block and the separation distance between the two resonant blocks was clarified.
author_names: Takamichi Terao
title: Wave propagation in acoustic metamaterial double barrier structures
year: 2016

author_names: Juan-Manuel Restrepo-Florez

Martin Maldovan
title: Metamaterials for mass separations
year: 2017

abstract: Recent advances in coordinate transformations of Fick's equation have paved the way for the design of metamaterial devices that can manipulate mass diffusion flux. The control of diffusion paths has a great potential for the design of novel catalytic and separation systems in chemical and biomolecular engineering. In order to explore these new applications, it is necessary to understand mass diffusion in coordinate transformation metamaterial devices. In this work, we present a comprehensive study on the impact of structure and material properties on the resultant physical properties of mass concentrator metamaterial shells. The concentration gradient at the core, the total mass flow rate towards the core, and the disturbance of the external concentration field are systematically examined in order to provide guidelines for the rational design and fabrication of metamaterial mass concentrators. A practical case is also presented where the concentration of oxygen diffusing in a polymeric system is studied.
author_names: Juan-Manuel Restrepo-Florez

Martin Maldovan
title: Rational design of mass diffusion metamaterial concentrators based on coordinate transformations
year: 2016

abstract: Abstract Effect of the graded variation in terms of separation gap between the two successive resonators and their mass on the resultant band structure of the graded metabeam is investigated in this paper. The band structure are explored by implementing the transfer matrix method in conjunction with Bloch Floquet's theorem. The graded arrangement of oscillators modifies the relative position of the coupling coefficient in the transfer matrix, which plays a pivotal role in altering the band gap formation. The flexural band structure is highly sensitive to the natural frequency and the distance between two resonators. It is evidenced that around 20% shifting of attenuation band in lower frequency side and 2.5 times widening of overall attenuation band gap is achievable by proper graded arrangement of resonators in metamaterial unit cell. However, the level of attenuation deteriorates over the wider frequency range.
author_names: Arnab Banerjee
title: Flexural waves in graded metabeam lattice
year: 2021

abstract: Abstract Flexible and efficient mass manipulation is of critical importance in multiple fields of industrial separation, membrane science, chemical production, and biotechnology. Owing to the extensive investigation of transformation optics/thermodynamics, some pioneering attempts of mass diffusion metamaterial are proposed to motivate the traditional techniques. However, most of the current works are dependent on specific spatial transformations, thus leading to the conventional imperfects of transformation based metamaterial in mass manipulations. Here, we propose a bilayer meta device for binary masses manipulation (O2 and N2) by directly solving static Fick's law. Only homogeneous media are employed in such design owing to the independence of spatial transformations. The O2 avoiding and N2 concentrating behaviors with non distortion concentration fields reveal the manipulative significance. The findings may promote the research on mass diffusion metamaterial towards easy obtainment, and open up an avenue for innovating the conventional mass manipulation techniques.
author_names: Xue Zhou

Guoqiang Xu

Huiyan Zhang
title: Binary masses manipulation with composite bilayer metamaterial
venue: Composite Structures
year: 2021

author_names: By Yang

Dm Zhu

Qf Hong

Gq Sun

Yk Zhang
title: MATRIX ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRIC METHOD FOR THE SEPARATION AND MOLECULAR WEIGHT DETERMINATION OF SNAKE VENOM PROTEINS
year: 1994

abstract: This talk will review recent results on the topic of sound propagation through periodic arrays of sonic scatterers embedded in a fluid or a gas. These structures, which are called phononic crystals, define in the homogenization limit (i.e. for lattice separations much lower than the sound wavelength) a class of acoustic metamaterials with extraordinary properties. For example, they are solid structures that are used to engineer effective fluid like systems with anisotropic dynamical mass density, a property that can be tailored by changing the parameters of the structure and the material composition of scatterers. A homogenization method based on multiple scattering theory has been developed and semianalytical expressions for the effective acoustic parameters will be given. By using these expressions it is easy to design novel refractive devices like gradient index sonic lens with a perfect match of impedance with the background. Results for a gradient index lens made of aluminum cylinders in air will be.
author_names: Jose Sanchez-Dehesa

Daniel Torrent
title: Acoustic metamaterials based on phononic crystals.
year: 2010