Query: fault tolerant generator systems for wind turbines

Candidate papers:

abstract: The objective of this paper is to review the possibilities of applying fault tolerance in generator systems for wind turbines based on what has been presented in the literature. In order to make generator systems fault tolerant in a suitable way, it is necessary to gain insight into the probability of different failures, so that suitable measures can be taken. Therefore, a literature survey of reliability of wind turbines, electrical machines and power electronic converters is given. Five different ways of achieving fault tolerance identified in the literature are discussed together with their applicability for wind turbines: (1) converters with redundant semiconductors, (2) fault tolerant converter topologies, (3) fault tolerance by increasing the number of phases, (4) fault tolerance of switched reluctance machines, and (5) design for fault tolerance of PM machines and converters. Because converters fail more often than machines, it makes sense to use of fault tolerant converter topologies. Increasing the number of phases is a useful form of fault tolerance because it can be achieved without increasing the cost significantly.
author_names: Henk Polinder

Heinz Lendenmann

Robert Chin

W M Arshad
title: Fault tolerant generator systems for wind turbines
venue: 2009 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference
year: 2009

abstract: Abstract In this paper, a fault tolerant model predictive control scheme is proposed for wind turbines in the partial load region to meet the control objectives in the presence of disturbances, uncertainties, sensor and actuator faults. The aim of wind turbine control systems in the partial load region is to capture maximum power by tracking the optimal generator speed. But any fault in the sensors and actuators can take away the closed loop system from the main objectives and maybe make the system unstable in some cases. At first, an online model predictive controller (MPC) is designed as a nominal controller to track the maximum power and guarantee all constraints satisfaction without considering any fault. In the next step, an adaptive sliding mode observer (SMO) is designed to estimate the actual states and sensor faults, simultaneously. Finally, an additive control law is represented and shown that it is able to tolerate the actuator faults effectively. Using extensive simulation results it is shown that the proposed strategy is able to handle the uncertainties, sensor and actuator faults in the control system, simultaneously.
author_names: Kamyar Ghanbarpour

F Merrikh Bayat

Abolfazl Jalilvand
title: Dependable power extraction in wind turbines using model predictive fault tolerant control
year: 2020

abstract: This paper presents an efficient technique for monitoring and control of wind turbines. Fault tolerant control (FTC) is designed using Parity Space approach to diagnose the sensor faults in the wind turbine. Based on the fault detection system an FTC scheme is proposed to accommodate and reconfigurable the control signals. The main contribution of this study is to develop a monitoring and control system of wind turbine, which reduces the system components as well as to increase the reliability and safety of wind turbines. The sensors which considered in this study are pitch position, generator speed and rotor speed sensors. Real data of wind measurement and real parameters of wind turbine is used to illustrate the proposed scheme.
author_names: Ali Abdo

Jamal O Siam

Ahmed Abdou

Hakam Shehadeh

Ashraf Al-Rimawi
title: An Efficient Approach for Fault Detection and Fault Tolerant Control of Wind Turbines
venue: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC I&CPS Europe)
year: 2018

abstract: Fault tolerant an important role in improving reliability and availability for permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbines. The open circuit (OC) faults in the machine side converter (MSC) interrupt the input AC current, which cause harmonics and DC link voltage ripple. In this paper, the OC fault of a switch of insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) in MSC was examined by changing the SVPWM switching pattern. In addition, the technique of fault tolerant was performed without the need for additional hardware and complex calculations. The validity of this paper is verified by MATLAB simulation results.
author_names: Rouhollah Bolbolnia

Elham Heydari

Karim Abbaszadeh
title: Fault Tolerant Control in Direct Drive PMSG Wind Turbine Systems under Open Circuit Faults
venue: 2020 11th Power Electronics, Drive Systems, and Technologies Conference (PEDSTC)
year: 2020

abstract: This paper presents a fault tolerant permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) drive for wind turbine systems, with the ability to handle power semiconductor open circuit (O C) faults in the full scale back to back converter. The fault tolerant topology consists of a five leg converter, with a shared leg connected to a generator phase and to its corresponding grid phase. The main contribution of this paper consists on the development of an alternative vector control based pulse width modulation (PWM) control scheme for both machine side converter (MSC) and grid side converter (GSC) allowing to reduce the dc bus voltage ratings. Moreover, a reliable fault diagnosis algorithm is also integrated, providing the information required to instantaneously trigger fault tolerant remedial strategies, without any additional sensors. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed fault tolerant PMSG drive.
author_names: Imed Jlassi

Fernando Bento

Antonio Joao Marques Cardoso
title: Fault Tolerant PMSG Direct Drive Wind Turbines, using Vector Control Techniques with Reduced DC Link Ratings
venue: IECON 2018 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society
year: 2018

abstract: In wind turbines (WTs) some faults can induce saturation of the control signal, and these saturation nonlinearities might lead to instability. Therefore, a robust system against saturation can better deal with faults. In this work, an avoid saturation strategy is proposed for the torque control of WTs. The key idea is that the reference power and generator speed set points are hysterically manipulated. Simulation results from a 5MW benchmark model show that the proposed strategy has a clear added value with respect to the baseline controller not only in healthy condition but also in presence of a realistic fault.
author_names: Leonardo Acho

Jose Rodellar

Christian Tutiven

Yolanda Vidal
title: Passive fault tolerant control strategy in controlled wind turbines
venue: 2016 3rd Conference on Control and Fault Tolerant Systems (SysTol)
year: 2016

abstract: This paper presents a test benchmark model for the evaluation of fault detection and accommodation schemes. This benchmark model deals with the wind turbine on a system level, and it includes sensor, actuator, and system faults, namely faults in the pitch system, the drive train, the generator, and the converter system. Since it is a system level model, converter and pitch system models are simplified because these are controlled by internal controllers working at higher frequencies than the system model. The model represents a three bladed pitch controlled variable speed wind turbine with a nominal power of 4.8 MW. The fault detection and isolation (FDI) problem was addressed by several teams, and five of the solutions are compared in the second part of this paper. This comparison relies on additional test data in which the faults occur in different operating conditions than in the test data used for the FDI design.
author_names: Peter Fogh Odgaard

Jakob Stoustrup

Michel Kinnaert
title: Fault Tolerant Control of Wind Turbines: A Benchmark Model
venue: IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology
year: 2013

abstract: Fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control of modern wind turbines with minimum hardware requirements are mandatory features in order to increase the reliability and availability levels with low costs. This paper presents a fault tolerant permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) drive for wind turbine systems, allowing to automatically reconfigure the drive operation when a current sensor fault and a power switch open circuit failure in the back to back converter occurs. Accordingly, the fault can be distinguished and the faulty device is correctly localized in both cases, based on a single fault diagnostic technique. For the power switch post fault operation, a fault tolerant converter topology is proposed with minimum number of extra components and with a simple control modification. In addition, an effective algorithm is proposed for current sensor post fault operation without using extra devices. In order to prove the performance of the proposed fault tolerant PMSG drive, several simulation results are presented.
author_names: Imed Jlassi

Sejir Khojet El Khil

Najiba Mrabet Bellaaj
title: Power switch and current sensor fault tolerant control of PMSG drives for wind turbine systems
venue: 2015 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)
year: 2015

abstract: In this paper, a scheme for an integrated design of fault tolerant control (FTC) systems for a wind turbine benchmark is proposed, with focus on the overall performance of the system. For that a key performance indicator (KPI) which reflects the economic performance of the system is defined, and the objective of the proposed FTC scheme is to maintain the system KPI in the admissible range in faulty conditions. The basic idea behind this scheme is data driven design of the proposed fault tolerant architecture whose core is an observer/residual generator based realization of the Youla parameterization of all stabilizing controllers with an embedded residual generator for fault detection (FD) purpose. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are demonstrated through the wind turbine benchmark model proposed in [1]
author_names: Hao Luo

Steven X Ding

Adel Haghani

Haiyang Hao

Shen Yin

Torsten Jeinsch
title: Data driven design of KPI related fault tolerant control system for wind turbines
venue: 2013 American Control Conference
year: 2013

abstract: Inaccuracy in linear modeling of wind turbines, effects of wind speed disturbance, and faults in components of the closed loop system increase the need for advanced controllers in wind energy conversion systems. In this article, an adaptive pitch controller is developed to regulate the generator speed in region 3. Also, an adaptive feed forward term is augmented to improve the generator speed regulation in presence of the wind speed disturbance. Parameters of the controller are adaptively adjusted based on the improved dead zone modification rule that guarantees closed loop stability and zero regulation error in presence of the unstructured modeling uncertainties, step like wind speed disturbance, and faults in pitch actuator. Proposed controller is compared to the baseline proportional integral controller for controls advanced research turbine. Simulation results confirm the improvement in closed loop regulation performance with proposed robust adaptive controller.
author_names: Vahid Rezaei

Farzad Rajaei Salmasi
title: Robust Adaptive Fault Tolerant Pitch Control of Wind Turbines
year: 2014