Query: All optical wavelength converters based on cross phase modulation in SOA-MZI configuration

Candidate papers:

abstract: Abstract Wavelength converter plays an important role for increasing the capacity and flexibility of future broadcast network. The cross phase modulation (XPM) based converter has high conversion efficiency at low input power. In order to improve the efficiency and wideband conversion range, the XPM is increase by optimizing the semiconductor optical amplifiers Mach Zehnder interferometer (SOA MZI) configuration. The XPM is improved by increasing the active region length and bias current of the SOA.
author_names: Surinder Singh

Rajinder Singh Kaler
title: All optical wavelength converters based on cross phase modulation in SOA MZI configuration
year: 2007

abstract: All optical wavelength conversion is demonstrated at 10 Gbit/s over a wavelength span of 10 nm without any bit loss by the use of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) in a Mach Zehnder configuration. These wavelength conversion architectures are implemented by using SOA cross gain modulation (XGM) and cross phase modulation (XPM) techniques. We have compared the results of both techniques on the basics of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Quality factor. KeywordsSemiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) cross gain modulation (XGM) cross phase modulation (XPM) Mach Zehnder Interferometer, BER, extinction ratio(ER) I.INTRODUCTION All optical wavelength converters are expected to b ecome key components in the future broadband net wo rks. Their most important use will be for avoidance of wavelen gth blocking in optical cross connects in wavelengt h division multiplexed (WDM) networks [1 4] Thereby the converters increase the flexibility and the capacity of the network for a fixed set of wavelengths [5 6] With the help of wavelength conversion a data stream at a specif ic wavelength is transferred to another one in order to be routed on a different wavelength path and release the ori ginal wavelength resource to another data stream. A. Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA)An SOA is an optoelectronic device that under suita ble operating conditions can amplify an input light signal. A schematic diagram of a basic SOA is shown in Fig. 1 .1 The active region in the device imparts gain to an input signal. An external electric current provides the e nergy source that enables gain to take place. An em bedded waveguide is used to confine the propagating signal wave to the active region. However, the optical co nfinement is weak so some of the signal will leak into the surro nding lossy cladding regions. The output signal is accompanied by noise. This additive noise is produced by the am plification process itself and so cannot be entirel y avoided. The amplifier facets are reflective causing ripples in the gain spectrum. In an SOA electrons (more common ly referred to as carriers) are injected from an external current source into the active region. The gain of an SOA is influenced both by the input signal power and internal noise generated by the am plification process. As the signal power increases the carriers in the active region become depleted leading to a decrease in the amplifier gain. This gain saturation can cause sign ificant signal distortion. It can also limit the ga in achievable when SOAs are used as multichannel amplifiers. A typical SOA gain versus output signal power characteristic is saturation output power shown in Fig. 1.2. A useful parameter for quantifying gain saturation is the s aturation output power which is defined as the amplifier output signal po wer at which the amplifier gain is half the small s ignal gain. 1275 OPTICAL WAVELENGTH CONVERTERS BASED ON CROSS GAIN MODULATION AND CROSS PHASE MODULATION IN SOA ISSN 2277 1956/V1N3 1274 1280 Figure 1. SOA structure Figure 1.2 Gain Saturation Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are used in the cross gain modulation (XGM) mode or the cross phase modulation (XPM) mode for wavelength conversion. II. CROSS GAIN MODULATION BASED WAVELENGTH CONVERSION
author_names: M Tech Pursuing

Ms Geetanjli Pandove

Tarun Kumar Gupta
title: OPTICAL WAVELENGTH CONVERTERS BASED ON CROSS GAIN MODULATION AND CROSS PHASE MODULATION IN SOA
year: 2012

abstract: According to the simplified system model, the converted signal chirp of all optical wavelength converter based on cross gain modulation in semiconductor optical amplifier is explored in detail. The influence of the signal power, probe power, signal pulse width and pump current on the chirp is simulated. The chirp dependence on the signal pattern is analyzed.
author_names: Feng Jian-he

L Zte
title: Converted Signal Chirp of All optical wavelength converters Based on Cross gain Modulation in SOA Caused by Phase Modulated
year: 2001

abstract: Abstract The emergence of new services and data exchange applications has increased the demand for bandwidth among individuals and commercial business users at the access area. Thus, vendors of optical access networks should achieve a high capacity system. This study demonstrates the performance of an integrated configuration of one to four multi wavelength conversions at 10 Gb/s based on cross phase modulation using semiconductor optical amplifier integrated with Mach Zehnder interferometer. The Opti System simulation tool is used to simulate and demonstrate one to four wavelength conversions using one modulated wavelength and four probes of continuous wave sources. The wavelength converter processes are confirmed through investigation of the input and output characteristics, optical signal to noise ratio, conversion efficiency, and extinction ratio of new modulated channels after separation by demultiplexing. The outcomes of the proposed system using single channel indicate that the capacity can increase from 10 Gb/s to 50 Gb/s with a maximum number of access points increasing from 64 to 320 (each point with 156.25 Mb/s bandwidth) The splitting ratio of 1:16 provides each client with 625 Mb/s for the total number of 80 users. The Q factor and bit error rate curves are investigated to confirm and validate the modified scheme and prove the system performance of the full topology of 25 km with 1/64 splitter. The outcomes are within the acceptable range to provide the system scalability.
author_names: Mohammad Syuhaimi Ab-Rahman

Abdulhameed Almabrok Swedan
title: Quadruple multi wavelength conversion for access network scalability based on cross phase modulation in an SOA MZI
year: 2017

abstract: In this paper, the all optical up and down wavelength converter based on cross polarization modulation (XPolM) effect in semiconductor optical amplifier Mach Zehnder Interferometer (SOA MZI) has been proposed and evaluated for error free operation to show the feasibility of 40 Gbps differential phase shift keying modulated data signal. The wavelength conversion is achieved by rotational state of polarization of pump and probe signal in SOA. Also, investigation of wavelength converter is theoretically and analytically validated for optimum performance and investigation results show good agreement with each other. The impact of variable signal power along with different parameter of SOA on performance of converted wavelength signal in terms of optical received power and Q factor has been given. The investigations revealed that wavelength converter based on XPolM effect in SOA MZI can be the promising option to enhance the expandability and accessibility of future hybrid optical access networks.
author_names: Sukhbir Singh

Surinder Singh
title: Design of optical wavelength conversion based on cross polarization modulation effect of SOA MZI
year: 2020

abstract: In this paper, a multi wavelength converter based on cross phase modulation (XPM) effect in dual highly nonlinear fibers (HNLFs) for 60 Gbps non return to zero/differential quadrature phase shift keying (NRZ/DQPSK) orthogonally modulated signal has been proposed. In the proposed wavelength converter, orthogonal modulation formats are used to enhance the spectral efficiency of system for physical layer expandability of optical network. The merit of proposed scheme is that the configuration of wavelength converter is simple and easy to implement at higher data rate. The BER performance of all converted signal is greater than or equal to 5.36 x 10 24 and spectral efficiency of designed wavelength converter is 9.75 b/s/Hz which makes the system more cost effective and expandable. In addition, the proposed multi wavelength converter has been validated at variable HNLF parameters to achieve optimum wavelength conversion performance.
author_names: Sukhbir Singh

Surinder Singh
title: An approach to multi wavelength conversion based on cross phase modulation effect in dual HNLFs for optical orthogonal modulation format
year: 2020

abstract: Abstract The novel designs of all optical logic gates using cross gain modulation and cross phase modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers, have been suggested and demonstrated successfully at 10 Gb/s. Mach Zehnder configuration with two 3 dB couplers is used to introduce phase modulation on the saturated inverted output of SOA. No additional input beam such as clock signal or continuous light wave is used as in several other designs. In the designs, one data act as a pump and another act as a probe signal. Therefore, while passing through SOA, one data acting as a pump, saturates another data which is a probe signal. Different arrangements of input part of SOA MZI, create three gates such as AND, XOR and OR. Gates are analyzed according to the extinction ratio, wavelength spectrum, frequency chirping and bit error rate. Very high extinction ratio is found i.e. 54.5, 36.32 and 37.5 at 1550.5 nm for AND, XOR and OR gates respectively. The wavelength spectrum, of all the three gates, lies within 1554.8 nm to 1555.2 nm which is near the central wavelength of probe pulse at 1550 nm. Negative frequency chirp are found for all the three gates with bit error rate 7.1x10 30 1x10 31 and 2.1x10 12 for AND, XOR and OR respectively.
author_names: Pallavi Singh

Devendra Kumar Tripathi

Shikha Jaiswal

H K Dixit
title: Design and analysis of all optical AND, XOR and OR gates based on SOA MZI configuration
year: 2015

abstract: All optical signal up conversion into the millimeter wave frequency band is demonstrated using a semiconductor optical amplifier Mach Zehnder interferometer (SOA MZI) wavelength converter, which is based on a cross phase modulation (XPM) effect in the SOA. This scheme shows good conversion efficiency with polarization immunity and no increase in phase noise. The measured phase noise of the up converted RF signal of 32.5 GHz is 79.2 dBc/Hz at 10 KHz offset, which is limited by that from the LO signal. A two tone measurement is performed to characterize the linearity of the signal up conversion. The measured spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) is 75.2 dB/spl middot/Hz/sup 2/3/ which meets the SFDR requirement for mobile communication systems.
title: Signal up conversion by using a cross phase modulation in all optical SOA MZI wavelength converter
venue: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
year: 2004

abstract: All optical signal up conversion into the millimeter wave frequency band is demonstrated using a semiconductor optical amplifier Mach Zehnder interferometer (SOA MZI) wavelength converter, which is based on a cross phase modulation (XPM) effect in the SOA. This scheme shows good conversion efficiency with polarization immunity and no increase in phase noise. The measured phase noise of the up converted RF signal of 32.5 GHz is 79.2 dBc/Hz at 10 KHz offset, which is limited by that from the LO signal. A two tone measurement is performed to characterize the linearity of the signal up conversion. The measured spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) is 75.2 dB/spl middot/Hz/sup 2/3/ which meets the SFDR requirement for mobile communication systems.
author_names: Ho-Jin Song

Jeong Seon Lee

Jong-In Song
title: Signal up conversion by using a cross phase modulation in all optical SOA MZI wavelength converter
year: 2004

abstract: This paper proposed and experimentally demonstrated the effective design of a single to dual channel 100 Gbit/s wavelength converter with a simple configuration consisting of a single dispersion flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (DS HNL PCF) and two optical bandpass filters (OBPFs) The polarity preserved, ultrafast wavelength conversion with single to dual channel multicasting is achieved by simultaneously filtering the red and blue chirped spectral component of a probe light. Moreover, the wavelength tunability and dynamic characteristics of designed wavelength converter are investigated. The results show that the designed ultrafast wavelength converter has a wide wavelength conversion range of 29 nm, and high tolerance to input power fluctuations. It is very attractive for engineering application in modern microwave and ultrafast photonic networks.
author_names: Jiamin Gong

Z Q Hui
title: Experimental demonstration of all optical 100 Gbit/s wavelength conversion with 1 to 2 wavelength multicasting based on cross phase modulation in dispersion flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber
year: 2014