Query: Photovoltaic and Photoactive Materials Properties, Technology and Applications

Candidate papers:

abstract: Preface. Invited Papers. Large Area Smart Glass and Integrated Photovoltaics C.M. Lampert. Photovoltaic Materials, an Overview of Historical Development, Current State of the Art and Future Scope D. Dimova Malinovska. Electronic Characterisation and Modelling of Disordered Semiconductors J.M. Marshall. Measurement Methods for Photoactive Materials and Solar Cells G.S. Popkirov. Structural and Optical Properties of Microcrystalline Silicon for Solar Cell Applications R. Carius. Crystalline Silicon p n Junction Solar Cells Efficiency Limits and Low Cost Fabrication Technology J. Szlufcik. Application of III V Compounds in Solar Cells V.M. Andreev. Micro /Poly Crystalline Silicon Materials for Thin Film Photovoltaic Devices: Deposition Processes and Growth Mechanisms J.K. Rath. Micro /Poly Crystalline Silicon Materials for Thin Film Photovoltaic Devices: Physical Properties J.K. Rath. Micro /Poly Crystalline Silicon Materials for Thin Film Photovoltaic Devices: Application in Solar Cells J.K. Rath. Organic Materials and Devices for Photovoltaic Applications J. M. Nunzi. Photovoltaic Applications M. Palfy. Past, Actual and Future EU Funded Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Actions in the Field of Photovoltaics T.L. D'Estaintot. Contributed Papers. Evaluation of the Gap State Distribution in a Si:H by SCLC Measurements A. Eray, G. Nobile. Creation and Annealing of Light Induced Metastable Defects in a Si1 xCx:H A.O. Dodolbas, O. Oktu. Potential PV Materials Based on InN Polycrystalline Films: Growth, Structural and Optical Properties V.Ya. Malakhov. Light Soaking Effect in a Si:H Based n i p and p i n Solar Cells G. Nobile, M. Morana. Accelerated Ageing Test of Solar Cells and Encapsulations V. Saly, et al. DifferentialSpectral Responsivity of c Si:H Solar Cells M. Sendova Vassileva, et al. Temperature and Compositional Dependence of Raman Scattering and Photoluminescence Emission in CuxGaySe2 Thin Films C. Xue, et al. Enhancement of the Photovoltaic Efficiency of Ge0.2Si0.8/Si Photodiodes M.M. Pociask, et al. Charge Carrier Transport and Photovoltage in Layers Based on Poly(3,3Phthalidylidene 4,4 Biphenylilene) A.R. Tameev, et al. Diagnostics of Large Area Solar Cell Homogeneity by Local Irradiation V. Benda. Determination of Trap Parameters from Photocurrent Decay Measurements: Metal Free Phthalocyanine Films I. Zhivkov, et al. Luminescent Properties of Li2GBP/YYGBP4O7 (LTB) Polycrystals at the Deviation from Stoichiometry B.M. Hunda, et al. Influence of Solution Resistivity and Postanodizing Treatment of PS Films on the Electrical and Optical Properties of Metal/Ps/Si Photodiodes K. Ait Hamouda, et al. Study of Sol Gel Derived Very Thin Films of Mixed Titanium Dioxide and Vanadium Oxide T. Ivanova, et al. Photoelectrochemical Characterization of Some Argyrodite Type Materials Yu. Stasyuk, et al. Optical Absorption in APCVD Metal Oxide Thin Films K.A. Gesheva, et al. Extrinsic Surface Photovoltage Spectroscopy An Alternative Approach to Deep Level Characterisation in Semiconductors K. Germanova, et al. CELLO: An Advanced LBIC Measurement Technique for Solar Cell Local Characterisation J. Carstensen, et al. The Behaviour of PV Module Parameters as a Function of Solar Cell Temperature in Hot Climates P. Vitanov, et al. Application of SiO2: Re Layers for Improvement of the UV Sensitivity of a Si:H Solar Cells M. Sendova Vassileva, et al. Cost Effective Porous Silicon Technology for Solar Cell Industrial
author_names: Kostadinka A Gesheva

Doriana Dimova-Malinovska

J M Marshall

John M Maud
title: Photovoltaic and photoactive materials properties, technology and applications
year: 2003

abstract: Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two innovative classes of porous coordination polymers. MOFs are three dimensional materials made up of secondary building blocks comprised of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands whereas COFs are 2D or 3D highly porous organic solids made up by light elements (i.e. H, B, C, N, O) Both MOFs and COFs, being highly conjugated scaffolds, are very promising as photoactive materials for applications in photocatalysis and artificial photosynthesis because of their tunable electronic properties, high surface area, remarkable light and thermal stability, easy and relative low cost synthesis, and structural versatility. These properties make them perfectly suitable for photovoltaic application: throughout this review, we summarize recent advances in the employment of both MOFs and COFs in emerging photovoltaics, namely dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) organic photovoltaic (OPV) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) MOFs are successfully implemented in DSSCs as photoanodic material or solid state sensitizers and in PSCs mainly as hole or electron transporting materials. An innovative paradigm, in which the porous conductive polymer acts as standing alone sensitized photoanode, is exploited too. Conversely, COFs are mostly implemented as photoactive material or as hole transporting material in PSCs.
author_names: Onur Yildirim

Matteo Bonomo

Nadia Barbero

Cesare Atzori

Bartolomeo Civalleri

Francesca Bonino

Guido Viscardi

Claudia Barolo
title: Application of Metal Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as (Photo)Active Material in Hybrid Photovoltaic Technologies
year: 2020

abstract: Polymer based composites are undoubtedly among the most intensively developed and most extensively deployed materials of the last decades [1] Significant progress in the field of polymer based composite materials has resulted in broad deployment in all those fields, where excellent mechanical properties combined with low weight, easiness of manufacturing and low cost are of concern. The number of impressive applications in aviation and automotive industry, civil engineering, medicine, and many others confirms the remarkable potential of composite materials. It should be noted, however, that polymer based composite materials, when doped with rare earths, may additionally offer very attractive optical (and specifically luminescent) features, which may enable exploring completely new fields of applications [2]
author_names: Ryszard Piramidowicz

Anna Jusza

Krzysztof Anders

Ludwika Lipinska

Pawel Mergo
title: Rare Earths Activated Polymer Composite Fibers Technology and Characterization
venue: 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics Europe European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe EQEC)
year: 2019

abstract: 2D layered transition metal dichalcogenides (LTMDs) attracted a great deal of interests because of their attractive electronic, optoelectronic and mechanical properties, versatile chemistry, and large natural abundance. Especially, a single semiconducting LTMD (e.g. WSe 2 WS 2 and MoS 2) layer ~0.5 nm thick) can absorb as much sunlight as 50 nm of Si (or 12 nm of GaAs) and generate currents as high as 4.5mA/cm 2. Therefore, 2D LTMD films hold a significant potential to be used for making ultrathin flexible photovoltaic (PV) cells with 1 3 orders of magnitude higher power densities than the best existing thin film solar cells. In addition, LTMD based PV cells are anticipated to have extra advantages, including (1) excellent chemical stability (i.e. LTMDs are naturally stable 2D crystals) (2) good flexibility; (3) superior transport property (i.e. high quality heterojunctions free of tangling bonds and charge traps can be formed by simply stacking LTMD layers with other 2D materials) and (4) low production cost (i.e. such ultrathin PV cells can be manufactured on low cost flexible substrates by using roll to roll processes) In spite of such optimistic anticipation, highly efficient LTMD based PV cells have not been created yet. In particular, although single and few layer LTMD PV devices (including photodetectors) exhibit strong light matter interaction in terms of a high photocurrent density (J sc) per unit photoactive layer thickness, multilayer LTMD PV devices still exhibit relatively poor total values of J sc extrinsic quantum efficiency (EQE) responsivity, open circuit voltage (V oc) fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) Such poor performance is because of the fact that people still lack knowledge and technology for tailoring the band structures of LTMD PV cells to optimize critical PV parameters and their trade off against the total thickness of LTMD based photoactive layers as well as the flexibility of PV cells. We are looking for the collaboration in areas of plasmonics, nanophotonics, and photovoltaics to create and study flexible PV cell arrays based on vertically stacked 2D hetero structures consisting of LTMD and graphene few layer films, and plasmonic nanostructures. The implementation of LTMD/graphene hetero structures can improve the PV responsivity over a broader range of wavelengths as well as the collection efficiency of photo generated carriers. Furthermore, it is expected to significantly enhance FF and V oc parameters, which can ultimately result in a high PCE. The PV characterization of such hetero structures will also provide new knowledge for leveraging the unique optoelectronic properties of LTMDs for
author_names: Xiaogan Liang
title: Nanomanufacturing of Emerging 2 D Materials for Thin Film Photovoltaic Applications
year: 2013

abstract: A nanohybrid photoactive material based on aromatic polyimide (PI) doped with CdSe quantum dots (QDs) has been developed to be used in photovoltaic solar cells. The solar cell is based on a heterostructure of an ITO electrode covered with a layer of Cu phthalocyanine and a layer of a PI QD composite. The photovoltaic properties of the CuPc/PI:CdSe hybrid heterostructure at various QD concentrations in the PI matrix have been studied. Luminescent and transmission electron microscopy analyses have shown that the optimal QD mass concentration is 60% The efficiency of the solar cell based on optimized PI:CdSe structures approaches those for the structures based on conventional MEH PPV organic semiconductor. Moreover, the photovoltaic characteristics of the solar cell remain stable in the air for a long time (120 h) This is expected to considerably simplify the technology of manufacturing these hybrid solar cells. The mechanisms of the excitation and charge transfer from QDs to the organic semiconductors and.
author_names: Sergey Dayneko

Alexey R Tameev

M G Tedoradze

Igor L Martynov

Mikhail V Artemyev

Igor R Nabiev

Alexander A Chistyakov
title: Hybrid heterostructures based on aromatic polyimide and semiconductor CdSe quantum dots for photovoltaic applications
year: 2013

abstract: Abstract This chapter reviews the field of silicon solar cells from a device engineering perspective, encompassing both the crystalline and the thin film silicon technologies. After a brief survey of properties and fabrication methods of the photoactive materials, it illustrates the dopant diffused homojunction solar cells, covering the classic design and advanced high efficiency versions. Next, it describes the Si heterojunction architecture that, combined with the interdigitated back contact concept, has recently boosted the conversion efficiency of silicon solar cells up to 26.7% The chapter then moves to the thin film silicon technology, which relies on amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, and alloys for low cost large area applications of photovoltaics, especially suited for building integration. The chapter ends with an overview of promising new trends that include the tandem solar cells combining silicon with organic inorganic perovskite materials.
author_names: Lucia V Mercaldo

Paola Delli Veneri
title: Silicon solar cells: materials, technologies, architectures
year: 2020

abstract: Recent years observed significant development of the technology of luminescent materials for application in light sources (both coherent and incoherent) operating in the visible part of the spectrum. Undoubtedly, the most spectacular results have been obtained in the field of wide bandgap semiconductor lasers, considerable progress has been also observed in solid state lasers based on crystalline or glassy hosts with frequency conversion. Despite this results, however, there is still a room for development of entirely new types of active media, like e.g. composite polymers doped with optically active nanocrystals. Such a materials may potentially benefit from excellent luminescent properties of RE3+ doped nanocrystals and good optical and thermo mechanical properties of polymer matrices enabling drawing the optical fibers based on these composites. In such a design nanocrystalline environment provides the protection of active ions from interactions with highly energetic phonons of polymer matrix and simultaneously, polymer host encapsulating nanoparticles shields these from interactions with OH groups and other contaminations.
author_names: Ryszard Piramidowicz

Anna Jusza

Krzysztof Anders

Ludwika Lipinska

Malgorzata Gil

Pawel Mergo
title: Polymer based composite active fiber doped with Tm3+ and Yb3+ Technology and luminescent properties in VIS spectral range
venue: 2017 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics Europe European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe EQEC)
year: 2017

abstract: It is crucial to control the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of electron accepting materials for producing efficient charge transfer in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. Due to their high LUMO level, soluble bis adducts of C60 are of high interest for improving the Voc in BHJ solar cells. In this work, we have developed a novel bis 4 propylpentyl[6,6]methanofullerene bis adduct, NCBA, using a alkyl solubilizing group. The optoelectronic, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties of this bis product are investigated. NCBA is successfully applied as the electron acceptor with poly(3 hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in a BHJ solar cell showing a high Voc of 0.73 V.
author_names: Derya Baran

Sule Erten-Ela

and Roland M Kratzer

Tayebeh Ameri

Christoph J Brabec

Andreas Hirsch
title: Facile synthesis and photovoltaic applications of a new alkylated bismethano fullerene as electron acceptor for high open circuit voltage solar cells
year: 2015

abstract: Various additives are added to plastics to either improve processability, change product properties or protect them against thermal, UV or light influences. In the case of a polymer nanocomposite, the additives have at least one dimension of less than 100 nm and can be found in the form of platelets, fibres or particles. They primarily serve to improve tensile strength, thermoformability, flame retardancy, optical and electrical properties, and the barrier properties of the plastic into which they are incorporated. Nanoadditives include layered silicates such as montmorillonite, carbon based additives (e.g. carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene) nanoscale metal oxides (e.g. SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3) metals (e.g. nano silver, gold, copper) or organic additives such as nanocellulose or lignin nanoparticles. In addition to reductions in resources and weight, nanoadditives also have the potential to replace harmful substances such as environmentally problematic halogenated flame retardants. Across the world, polymer nanocomposites are already being used in packaging materials, the automotive industry and transportation, aerospace and energy technology, as well as in sporting goods. However, company surveys in the Austrian automotive and electronics industries have shown that nanoadditives currently only play a marginal role in these sectors. The main reasons are problems with dispersibility, large scale production, high costs, and uncertainty around their impact on humans and the environment. There are still considerable gaps in knowledge. More research needs to be conducted with regard to release, exposure and environmental behaviour.
author_names: Sabine Gressler

Stefanie Prenner

and Thomas Kurz

Susanne Resch

Anna Pavlicek

Florian Part
title: Polymer Nanocomposites Additives, properties, applications, environmental aspects (NanoTrust Dossier No. 052en February 2020
year: 2020

abstract: Layered hybrid perovskites comprising adamantyl spacer (A) cations based on the A2FAn 1PbnI3n+1 (n 1 3, FA formamidinium) compositions have recently been shown to act as promising materials for photovoltaic applications. While the corresponding perovskite solar cells show performances and stabilities that are superior in comparison to other layered two dimensional formamidinium based perovskite solar cells, the underlying reasons for their behaviour are not well understood. We provide a comprehensive investigation of the structural and photophysical properties of this unique class of materials, which is complemented by theoretical analysis via molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations. We demonstrate the formation of well defined structures of lower compositional representatives based on n 1 2 formulations with (1 adamantyl)methanammonium spacer moieties, whereas higher compositional representatives (n 2) are shown to consist of mixtures of low dimensional phases evidenced by grazing incidence X ray scattering. Furthermore, we reveal high photoconductivities of the corresponding hybrid perovskite materials, which is accompanied by long charge carrier lifetimes. This study thereby unravels features that are relevant for the performance of FA based low dimensional hybrid perovskites.
author_names: Farzaneh Jahanbakhshi

Marko Mladenovic

Ekaterina Kneschaurek

Lena Merten

Maria C Gelvez-Rueda

Paramvir Ahlawat

Yang Li

Algirdas Ducinskas

Alexander Hinderhofer

M Ibrahim Dar

Wolfgang R Tress

Brian Carlsen

Amita Ummadisingu

Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin

Anders Hagfeldt

Frank Schreiber

Ferdinand C Grozema

Ursula Rothlisberger

Jovana V Milic

Michael Graetzel
title: Unravelling the structural complexity and photophysical properties of adamantyl based layered hybrid perovskites
year: 2020