Query: Wastewater treatment and recycle from a semiconductor industry: A demo-plant study.

Candidate papers:

abstract: The objective of this study was to establish a demo scale plant with 1,000 cubic metres per day (CMD) capacity to recycle industrial wastewater from a semiconductor industry. In this study, two wastewater streams from continuous electrodeionization (CEDI) and local scrubber (LS)/controlled decomposition and oxidation (CDO) with flow rate of 1,335 CMD and 1,012 CMD respectively were chosen to be recycled. For the CEDI reject reclaim system, boron selective resin (BSR) and activated carbon filter (ACF) were utilized to remove boron and total organic carbon (TOC) respectively. The water quality was good enough to be used as ultrapure water (UPW) supply. For the CDO reclaim system, the combination of ACF ultrafiltration (UF) reverse osmosis (RO) under high pH condition was implemented to recycle the local scrubber wastewater (LSW) for cooling tower top up. Product water from both treatment systems was able to meet the target water specifications. The average cost saving was S$0.91/m3 of reclaimed water produced.
author_names: Chin Yee Eng

Dongning Yan

Nipuna Withanage

Qiyi Liang

Yue Zhou
title: Wastewater treatment and recycle from a semiconductor industry: A demo plant study
venue: Water Practice and Technology
year: 2019

abstract: Industrial Batik production is very well known in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia especially in Terengganu and Kelantan and in some part of other states in Malaysia such as Perak. This industry traditionally inherited from generation to generation that make big contribution to economic growth due to high demand locally and abroad. However, the industry produces wastewater which contributes to water pollution since it utilizes a lot of chemicals. Preliminary study of the Batik Wastewater contains high reading of Colour and COD that is dangerous to human and aquatic life
author_names: Abu Bakar

A S Ahmad Solihin
title: Treatment of Batik Wastewater using Recycled Coagulants from GWTPS (Ground Water Treatment Plant Sludge)
year: 2019

abstract: Efficiency of coagulation flocculation process used for semiconductor wastewater treatment was improved by selecting suitable conditions (pH, polyelectrolyte type, and concentration) through zeta potential measurements. Under this scenario the zeta potential, z, is the right parameter that allows studying and predicting the interactions at the molecular level between the contaminants in the wastewater and polyelectrolytes used for coagulation flocculation. Additionally, this parameter is a key factor for assessing the efficiency of coagulation flocculation processes based on the optimum dosages and windows for polyelectrolytes coagulation flocculation effectiveness. In this paper, strategic pH variations allowed the prediction of the dosage of polyelectrolyte on wastewater from real electroplating baths, including the isoelectric point (IEP) of the dispersions of water and commercial polyelectrolytes used in typical semiconductor industries. The results showed that there is a difference between polyelectrolyte demand required for the removal of suspended solids, turbidity, and organic matter from wastewater (23.4 mg/L and 67 mg/L, resp. It was also concluded that the dose of polyelectrolytes and coagulation flocculation window to achieve compliance with national and international regulations as EPA in USA and SEMARNAT in Mexico is influenced by the physicochemical characteristics of the dispersions and treatment conditions (pH and polyelectrolyte dosing strategy)
author_names: Eduardo A Lopez-Maldonado

Mercedes Teresita Oropeza-Guzman

Adrian Ochoa-Teran
title: Improving the Efficiency of a Coagulation Flocculation Wastewater Treatment of the Semiconductor Industry through Zeta Potential Measurements
year: 2014

abstract: In this work series of photocatalysts based on ZnO modified by Au and Ag2CO3 addition and Ag TiO2 materials were synthesized and evaluated in the treatment of handicrafts factories wastewater and water samples taken from a highly polluted river. In general, it was found that ZnO series were more effective in the bacteria elimination than the commonly used TiO2 semiconductor. It was also observed that the metal (Au, Ag) or silver carbonate addition significantly increases the photocatalytic activity of ZnO and TiO2. It was determined that the content of the metal or carbonate added is an important factor to take into account in order to obtain suitable efficiency in the photocatalytic process, so, for example in the case of the river water samples the increase of Ag2CO3 content from 1 to 5% had a detrimental effect over the bacteria elimination. The optimal conditions for dyes photodegradation and bacteria elimination were found by using a response surface study and the Au ZnO (1% photocatalyst. From this study it was determined that even after recycling this material leads to obtain a removal percentage of these pollutants over than 94%
author_names: J J Murcia

J Sastre Hernandez

Hugo A Rojas

J Moreno-Cascante

Pablo Sanchez-Cid

M C Hidalgo

Jose Antonio Navio

C Jaramillo-Paez
title: Evaluation of Au ZnO, ZnO/Ag2CO3 and Ag TiO2 as Photocatalyst for Wastewater Treatment
venue: Topics in Catalysis
year: 2020

abstract: Biotechnological processes are important alternatives for water recycling both in hydrometallurgical and mineral processing operations and this paper is focused on two of such technologies: (i) manganese bioremediation and (ii) sulphate reduction. While high concentrations are related to hydrometallurgical operations or AMD generation, manganese is one of the most difficult metals to remove from wastewaters. It is demonstrated herein that a bacterial consortium enriched from a mine water was able to remove 99.7% Mn2+ from a solution containing 50 mg/L. Molecular studies revealed Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus and Lysinibacillus genera in the sample. Cell metabolism resulted in a pH increase and catalysed chemical Mn2+ oxidation. Subsequently, sulphate reduction by sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) was addressed. A fluidized bed reactor (FBR) in which there was immobilized biomass along with fluidization enabled a high bacterial population >109 cells/mL) in the bioreactor and thus a large sulphate reduction efficiency (97% for a specific sulphate reducing rate of 0.186 0.015 g SO 4 2 /gVSS.d.
author_names: Natalia Rosana Barbosa

Sueli Moura Bertolino

R S Cota

Versiane A Leao
title: Biotechnologies for Wastewater Treatment in the Mineral Industry
year: 2017

abstract: 2Abstrct: In Egypt, the necessity of recycling of refused paper has an economical aspect for water reuse, in plant waste control and by product recovery. The characteristic wastewater stream obtained from four successive composite samples showed high values of COD, BOD and TSS. COD value ranged from 960 to 2300 mg/l, with an average value of 1505 mg/l. The corresponding BOD value ranged between 350 and 1059 mg/l, with an average value of 607 mg/l. Total suspended solids (TSS) and turbidity (NTU) ranged from 652 to 951 mg/l and from 167 to 380 NTU, respectively. Treated effluent characteristics using Alum, aluminum chloride and ferrous sulfate at optimum condition showed that the removal efficiency of COD values were 94.4% and 74 for alum and ferrous sulfate, aluminum chloride, respectively. Corresponding BOD removal values were 91.1% and 85.2 respectively. Residual COD and BOD were 85 mg/l and 50.5 mg/l for alum, respectively. Higher concentration for both residual COD (380 mg/l) and residual BOD (85.2 mg/l) were recorded in case of ferrous sulfate coagulation. It is obvious that using alum as a coagulant is more economically and technically. Based on the obtained results, two treatment alternatives were established. A closed water circuit is achieved, no wastewater leaves the processes. The treated effluent is then utilized to almost 100 Complete recycle of sludge/slurry from the chemical treatment processes were also achieved, the manufacture plant will leave no waste at all.
author_names: Rifaat Abdel Wahaab

Ahmed K Moawad

E A Taleb
title: Wastewater Management and Resource Recovery in Hard Paper Industry: A Case Study
year: 2010

abstract: Textile processing is both water and energy intensive process. Core activities and support activities of the textile industrial unit involves the use water as process water and cooling water in large quantities with subsequent generation of large amount of wastewater. The effluents resulting from these processes differ greatly in composition, due to differences in processes, used fabrics and machinery. It is essential that control measures be implemented to minimize waste generation. Our study involved the development of wastewater management system for a textile industrial unit. This unit dealing with polyester and cotton dyeing and fabric washing. The industrial unit was surveyed for environmental analysis to identify the water consuming and wastewater generations activities, for the adequacy and capacity assessment of the effluent treatment plant. Measures for water conservation and waste minimization through source reduction/ recycling and reuse and for treatment of wastewater that are cost effective and compliance with the standards have been developed. Results shows that with implementing measures for source reduction, reuse and recycle at all feasible places have reduced water consumption, wastewater generation and steam consumption in the industrial unit.
author_names: Arshdeep Kaur

Akepati S Reddy
title: Wastewater management study for a textile processing industry
year: 2013

abstract: Water treatment industry should focus more on water recycling and reuse due to global water shortages as a result of climate change and the increase in volume of toxic and recalcitrant industrial effluents from textile, pharmaceutical and pesticide industries. Water recycling and reuse, which often require sustainable system and high technology should be cost efficient and environmentally friendly. Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) is widely employed to remove very resistant pollutants that are difficult or costly to treat, this treatment system will dominate the future of water recycle and reuse. Researches focusing on application of such technology recommended titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the preferred catalyst and have carried out investigations and recommend improvements in areas of mass transfer and photon transfer limitations as related to photoreactor intensification processes. These studies have shown potential in the way the photoreactors are designed. Despite such developments, the technology is yet to replace the existing treatment systems in the industry. Data collected from unpublished survey of over 80 major global water treatment companies in July and August 2014, revealed that only about 43% used some forms of AOP, mostly UV and Ozonation. Only about 4% used photocatalysis at pilot scale. Application of photoreactors will be more challenging in textile wastewater treatment due to the presence of ions Cl NO3 SO42 CO32 and PO43 from dissolved salts, they act as inhibitors and poisons that deactivate Titanium oxide (TiO2) reactor beds. This paper reported the findings and recommended solutions for the deactivation phenomenon.
author_names: Hamisu Umar Farouk

Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman

Wan Mohd Wan Daud
title: Commercial viability of photoreactors in textile wastewater treatment hindered by Titanium dioxide (TiO2) deactivation
year: 2015

abstract: The research proposes the method for cleaning of the chromium containing wastewater by the modified sorbents based on the natural aluminosilicates of East Kazakhstan deposits, local wood waste and fibrous materials that differ by cheap, good sorption properties, availability and security in the environmental terms. The research of the waste complex sorbents for utilization in one of the most resource intensive industries the construction industry is highly relevant and promising to create the necessary preconditions for the industrial development of the construction binders for various technology areas. The application of the research results will make sound recommendations how to expand the resource base, to use industrial raw materials in the production process, and to reduce the cost of widely used materials and products in the construction practice. The important factor in the technical and economic term is that the residue from the treated waste water is environmentally friendly since the chromium ions and other heavy metals have the form of the complex compounds. The complex compounds are environmentally safe and can be recycled in various building materials. The optimal construction materials for the utilization of the waste sorbents are mortar and concrete.
author_names: Gulzhan Daumova

Saule A Abdulina

Gulnara A Kokayeva

Akzhigitova Meruert
title: Experimental Studies on Wastewater Sorption Treatment with Subsequent Disposal of Used Sorbents
year: 2018

abstract: Water is the main source of life on the planet and due to the influence of advanced technologies and industries related to them, water is being polluted. Environmental engin eers face a lot of challenges in controlling the hazards of water pollution. Membrane technologies are receiving special recognition as alternatives to convectional water treatment and as a means of polishing treated wastewater effluent for sense applications. The most common ones are microfiltration (MF) ultra filtration (UF) reverse osmosis (RO) and Nano filtration (NF) membrane. Micro filtration is a filtration process which removes the contaminants from a liquid or a gas by passing it through a micro porous membrane. Bioreactors convert or produce materials using functions naturally endowed to living creatures and Membrane Bioreactors (MBR) systems essentially consists of combination of membrane and biological reactor system. In general, MBR applicati ons for wastewater treatment can be classified into four groups, namely, Extractive Membrane Reactors, Bubbles less Aeration Membrane Bioreactors, Recycle Membrane Reactors and Membrane Separation Reactors. EMBR enhance the performance capabilities of biol ogical treatment of wastewater by exploiting the membrane's ability to achieve a high degree of separation while allowing transport of components from one phase to another and can be operated in two different modes. MABR use gas permeable membranes to directly supply high purity oxygen without bubble formation to a biofilm. RMBR consists of a reaction vessel operated as a stirred tank reactor and an externally attached membrane module. Application of MSBR (micro or ultra filtration) techniques for biosolid separation in a conventional activated sludge process can overcome the disadvantages of the sedimentation and biological treatment steps. The presentation aims at comparing the principle, operation and performance of these four types of MBRs with respect to industrial effluent treatment elaborately.
author_names: T Thasan

Anbalagan Anantharaj
title: A Comparative Study On The Performance Of Four Novel Membrane Bioreactors (EMBR, MABR, RMBR, MSBR) For Wastewater Treatment
year: 2013