Query: Transfer-printed single-photon sources coupled to wire waveguides

Candidate papers:

abstract: Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are attractive platforms to perform large scale quantum information processing. While highly functional PICs (e.g. silicon based photonic circuits) and high performance single photon sources (SPSs, e.g. compound semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been independently demonstrated, their combination for single photon based applications has still been limited. This is largely due to the complexities of introducing SPSs into existing PIC platforms, which are generally realized with different materials and using distinct fabrication protocols. Here, we report a novel approach to combine SPSs and PICs prepared independently. We employ transfer printing, by which multiple desired SPSs can be integrated in a simple pick and place manner with a theoretical waveguide coupling efficiency >99% fulfilling the demanding requirements of large scale quantum applications. Experimentally, we demonstrated QD based SPSs with high waveguide coupling efficiencies, together with the integration of two SPSs into a waveguide. Our approach will accelerate scalable fusion between modern PICs and cutting edge quantum technologies.
author_names: Ryota Katsumi

Yasutomo Ota

Masahiro Kakuda

Satoshi Iwamoto

Yasuhiko Arakawa
title: Transfer printed single photon sources coupled to wire waveguides
year: 2018

abstract: We report quantum dot single photon sources coupled to glass clad wire waveguides by transfer printing, which enables the heterogeneous source integration in a simple pick and place manner. A high waveguide coupling efficiency >60% is experimentally demonstrated.
author_names: Ryota Katsumi

Yasutomo Ota

Masahiro Kakuda

Satoshi Iwamoto

Yasuhiko Arakawa
title: Quantum dot single photon sources transfer printed on wire waveguides
venue: 2018 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics (CLEO)
year: 2018

abstract: Single photon sources are key components for various quantum information processings. For practical quantum applications, bright single photon sources with efficient fiber optical interfaces are highly required. Here, bright fiber coupled single photon sources based on InAs quantum dots are demonstrated through the k vector matching between a microfiber mode and a normal mode of the linear photonic crystal cavity. One of the modes of the linear photonic crystal cavity whose k vector is similar to that of the microfiber mode is employed. From independent transmission measurement, the coupling efficiency directly into the fiber of 58% is obtained. When the quantum dot and cavity system is non resonantly pumped with 80 MHz pulse train, a raw count rate of 1.81 MHz is obtained with g(0) 0.46. Resonant pump is expected to improve the rather high g(0) value. Time resolved photoluminescence is also measured to confirm the three fold Purcell enhancement. This system provides a promising route for efficient direct fiber collections of single photons for quantum information processing. (c) 2016 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (230.5590) Quantum well, wire and dot devices; (230.5298) Photonic crystals; (270.0270) Quantum Optics; References and links 1. N. Gisin, G. G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, "Quantum cryptography," Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145 195 (2002) 2. E. Knill, R. Laflamme, and G. J. Milburn, "A scheme for efficient quantum computation with linear optics," Nature 409, 46 52 (2001) 3. S. Buckley, K. Rivoire, and J. Vuckovic, "Engineered quantum dot single photon sources," Rep. Prog. Phys. 75, 126503 (2012) 4. M. Pelton, C. Santori, J. Vuckovic, B. Zhang, G. Solomon, J. Plant, and Y. Yamamoto, "Efficient Source of Single Photons: A Single Quantum Dot in a Micropost Microcavity," Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 233602 (2002) 5. C. Santori, D. Fattal, J. Vuckovic, G. S. Solomon, and Y. 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Sweet, G. Khitrova, H. M. Gibbs, T. Yoshie, A. Scherer, O. B. Shchekin, and D. G. Deppe, "Scanning a photonic crystal slab nanocavity by condensation of xenon," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 141105 (2005) 40. A. Rastelli, F. Ding, J. D. Plumhof, S. Kumar, R. Trotta, C. Deneke, A. Malachias, P. Atkinson, E. Zallo, T. Zander, A. Herklotz, R. Singh, V. Krapek, J. R. Schroter, S. Kiravittaya, M. Benyoucef, R. Hafenbrak, K. D. Jons, D. J. Thurmer, D. Grimm, G. Bester, K. Dorr, P. Michler, and O. G. Schmidt, "Controlling quantum dot emission by
author_names: H -
title: Microfiber microcavity system for efficient single photon
year: 2016

abstract: Silicon nitride is a well established material for photonic devices and integrated circuits. It displays a broad transparency window spanning from the visible to the mid IR and waveguides can be manufactured with low losses. An absence of nonlinear multi photon absorption in the erbium lightwave communications band has enabled various nonlinear optic applications in the past decade. Silicon nitride is a dielectric material whose optical and mechanical properties strongly depend on the deposition conditions. In particular, the optical bandgap can be modified with the gas flow ratio during low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) Here we show that this parameter can be controlled in a highly reproducible manner, providing an approach to synthesize the nonlinear Kerr coefficient of the material. 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author_names: K J
title: Optical bandgap engineering in nonlinear silicon nitride waveguides
year: 2018

abstract: We report results on the possibility of subwavelength coherent control of light in coupled plasmonic nanoresonators on dielectric waveguides. Our calculations show that subwavelength regions of the plasmonic structure, spatially separated by a few nanometers, can be individually addressed by controlling the relative phase of the injected fields. We also show the complementary possibility to efficiently inject a guided mode into a planar dielectric waveguide by collecting the radiation emitted by wire like and/or point like sources, placed into the resonators. For example, this configuration provides a useful and powerful tool to control the emission of the localized sources such as stripes of fluorescent molecules or quantum dots placed in the gaps between the plasmonic structures. Possible applications of the considered study include plasmonic logic gates, integrated sensors for single molecule fluorescence, and ready to use devices based on plasmonic single photon sources.
author_names: Salvatore Tuccio

Marco Centini

A Benedetti

Concita Sibilia
title: Subwavelength coherent control and coupling of light in plasmonic nanoresonators on dielectric waveguides
year: 2013

abstract: Quantum plasmonics opens the option to integrate complex quantum optical circuitry onto chip scale devices. In the past, often external light sources were used and nonclassical light was coupled in and out of plasmonic structures, such as hole arrays or waveguide structures. Another option to launch single plasmonic excitations is the coupling of single emitters in the direct proximity of, e.g. a silver or gold nanostructure. Here, we present our attempts to integrate the research of single emitters with wet chemically grown silver nanowires. The emitters of choice are single organic dye molecules under cryogenic conditions, which are known to act as high brightness and extremely narrow band single photon sources. Another advantage is their high optical nonlinearity, such that they might mediate photon photon interactions on the nanoscale. We report on the coupling of a single molecule fluorescence emission through the wire over the length of several wavelengths. The transmission of coherently emitted ph.
author_names: Ilja Gerhardt

Bernhard Grotz

Petr Siyushev

Jorg Wrachtrup
title: Coherent interaction of single molecules and plasmonic nanowires
year: 2017

abstract: Recent breakthroughs in solid state photonic quantum technologies enable generating and detecting single photons with near unity efficiency as required for a range of photonic quantum technologies. The lack of methods to simultaneously generate and control photons within the same chip, however, has formed a main obstacle to achieving efficient multi qubit gates and to harness the advantages of chip scale quantum photonics. Here we propose and demonstrate an integrated voltage controlled phase shifter based on the electro optic effect in suspended photonic waveguides with embedded quantum emitters. The phase control allows building a compact Mach Zehnder interferometer with two orthogonal arms, taking advantage of the anisotropic electro optic response in gallium arsenide. Photons emitted by single self assembled quantum dots can be actively routed into the two outputs of the interferometer. These results, together with the observed sub microsecond response time, constitute a significant step towards chip scale single photon source de multiplexing, fiber loop boson sampling, and linear optical quantum computing. (c) 2017 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement OCIS codes: (230.5590) Quantum well, wire and dot devices; (230.3120) Integrated optics devices; (230.2090) Electro optical devices; (250.7360) Waveguide modulators. References and links 1. J. L. O'Brien, A. Furusawa, and J. Vuckovic, "Photonic quantum technologies," Nat. Photonics 3(12) 687 695 (2009) 2. P. Lodahl, S. Mahmoodian, and S. Stobbe, "Interfacing single photons and single quantum dots with photonic nanostructures," Rev. Mod. Phys. 87(2) 347 400 (2015) 3. C. P. Dietrich, A. Fiore, M. G. Thompson, M. Kamp, and S. 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author_names: H L
title: Electro optic routing of photons from a single quantum dot in photonic integrated circuits Midolo,
year: 2018

abstract: We demonstrate single photon counting of terahertz (THz) waves transmitted from a local THz point source through a coplanar two wire waveguide on a GaAs/AlGaAs single heterostructure crystal. In the electrically driven all in one chip, quantum Hall edge transport is used to achieve a noiseless injection current for a monochromatic point source of THz fields. The local THz fields are coupled to a coplanar two wire metal waveguide and transmitted over a macroscopic scale greater than the wavelength (38 mm in GaAs) THz waves propagating on the waveguide are counted as individual photons by a quantum dot single electron transistor on the same chip. Photon counting on integrated high frequency circuits will open the possibilities for on chip quantum optical experiments.
author_names: Kenji Ikushima

Atsushi Ito

Shun Okano
title: Generation, transmission, and detection of terahertz photons on an electrically driven single chip
year: 2014

abstract: The development of new photonic materials that combine diverse optical capabilities is needed to boost the integration of different quantum and classical components within the same chip. Amongst all candidates, the superior optical properties of cubic silicon carbide (3C SiC) could be merged with its crystalline point defects, enabling single photon generation, manipulation and light matter interaction on a single device. The development of photonics devices in SiC has been limited by the presence of the silicon substrate, over which thin crystalline films are heteroepitaxially grown. By employing a novel approach in the material fabrication, we demonstrate grating couplers with coupling efficiency reaching 6 dB, sub mm waveguides and high intrinsic quality factor (up to 24,000) ring resonators. 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title: Linear integrated optics in 3C silicon carbide
year: 2017

abstract: We introduce a theoretical formalism to calculate the spontaneous emission rate enhancements (Purcell effect) and propagation mode b factors from a quantum dot in a planar photoniccrystal waveguide. Impressive Purcell factors and broadband enhanced b factors are predicted. c (c) 2007 Optical Society of America OCIS codes:(230.7400) Waveguides, slab; (270.5580) Quantum electrodynamics Confining single quantum dots (QD's) in high index contrast photonic crystals (PC's) has recently became an active area of research, which is largely due to the continued success in the fabrication of such structures. The ability to couple single QD's to nanophotonic materials and photonic dots is not only of fundamental importance but can also lead to novel applications including single photon sources [1] low threshold lasers and optical amplifiers. With regard to enhancing the emission rate of a single photon emitter, it is well established that a modified electromagnetic vacuum of the surrounding environment can have a profound influence on the emission rates of a localized emitter. Therefore, an increase in the local density of states (LDOS) created by a cavity can lead to enhanced spontaneous emission of a single photon through the Purcell effect [2] Since the pioneering works of Yablonovitch [3] and John [4] it is also known that periodic dielectric media such as PC's can create photonic bandgaps that may substantially influence the LDOS that a photon feels. From a practical viewpoint, the planar semiconductor PC's currently show enormous promise since they exhibit large quality factors (Q 10) and very small effective mode volumes Veff 0.05 mm) [5] Indeed PC nanocavities are now facilitating new regimes of cavity QED [6, 7] However, to better exploit the single photon emission potential of QD's in planar PC's, improvements in the microcavity excitation, enhanced cavity coupling and efficient extraction of the emitted photons are all required. While enhanced emission and 'strong coupling' in closed cavitydefect modes are to be expected, less obvious it what can be achieved with a waveguide mode or an open cavitywhere excitation and extraction can be also extremely efficient, and everything can be performed in the planeand fully integrated. Having complete knowledge of the photon emission factor into an optical mode from a single QD is a highly desired property, yet presents a considerable challenge for an open cavity system as one must fully understand photon coupling to all available modes that contribute to a particular frequency. In addition, one needs to determine the LDOS as a function of position. For regular planar waveguiding structures, it has proven useful to separate out the various mode contributions in order to highlight the underlying mechanisms of spontaneous emission [8] Recently, signatures of spontaneous emission enhancement of single QD emission in a PC waveguide have been demonstrated experimentally [9] though the Purcell factors were rather modest since the QD was coupled to a leaky mode with a large effective mode volume. Nevertheless, there is a lot of interesting physics behind this effect, and it also relates to earlier predictions about wire waveguides having a divergent like LDOS [10] In this work, we present a general theoretical formalism with rigorous calculations to study Purcell factors and propagation modeb factors for planar PC waveguides, where the b is defined as the fraction of the emitted light 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 180 190 200 210 220 230 k (2p/a) f T H z] (a) Y Y 0 X X 0 Y Y 0 (nm) X X 0 (n m 200 0 200 100 0 100 5 10 15 20 25 30 (c) (b)
author_names: Stephen H Hughes

V S C Manga Rao
title: Purcell factors and b factors in photonic crystal waveguides
year: 2006