Query: Perovskite photonic sources Nature Photonics

Candidate papers:

abstract: The prospects for light emitting diodes and lasers based on perovskite materials are reviewed. The field of solution processed semiconductors has made great strides; however, it has yet to enable electrically driven lasers. To achieve this goal, improved materials are required that combine efficient >50% quantum yield) radiative recombination under high injection, large and balanced charge carrier mobilities in excess of 10 cm2 V 1 s 1, free carrier densities greater than 1017 cm 3 and gain coefficients exceeding 104 cm 1. Solid state perovskites are in addition to galvanizing the field of solar electricity showing great promise in photonic sources, and may be the answer to realizing solution cast laser diodes. Here, we discuss the properties of perovskites that benefit light emission, review recent progress in perovskite electroluminescent diodes and optically pumped lasers, and examine the remaining challenges in achieving continuous wave and electrically driven lasing.
author_names: Brandon R Sutherland

Edward H Sargent
title: Perovskite photonic sources
year: 2016

abstract: Miniaturized photonic sources based on semiconducting two dimensional (2D) materials offer new technological opportunities beyond the modern III V platforms. For example, the quantum confined 2D electronic structure aligns the exciton transition dipole moment parallel to the surface plane, thereby outcoupling more light to air which gives rise to high efficiency quantum optics and electroluminescent devices. It requires scalable materials and processes to create the decoupled multi quantum well superlattices, in which individual 2D material layers are isolated by atomically thin quantum barriers. Here, we report decoupled multi quantum well superlattices comprised of the colloidal quantum wells of lead halide perovskites, with unprecedentedly ultrathin quantum barriers that screen interlayer interactions within the range of 6.5 A. Crystallographic and 2D k space spectroscopic analysis reveals that the transition dipole moment orientation of bright excitons in the superlattices is predominantly in plane and independent of stacking layer and quantum barrier thickness, confirming interlayer decoupling. Decoupled high order MQW superlattices are desired to design miniaturized photonic sources but they are yet to be realized in scalable ways. Here Jagielski et al achieve this goal using multiple stacked colloidal lead halide perovskite quantum wells separated by atomically thin quantum barriers.
author_names: Jakub Jagielski

Simon F Solari

Lucie Jordan

Declan Scullion

Balthasar Blulle

Yen-Ting Li

Frank Krumeich

Yu-Cheng Chiu

Beat Ruhstaller

Elton J G Santos

Chih-Jen Shih
title: Scalable photonic sources using two dimensional lead halide perovskite superlattices
venue: Nature Communications
year: 2020

abstract: The fluorescence intensity and spontaneous emission rate of perovskite quantum dots with different emission wavelength are enhanced by monolithic hyperbolic metamaterials, which provides a powerful way for monolithic integrated high frequency, high brightness perovskite multicolor photonic sources.
author_names: Feiliang Chen

Qian Li

Mo Li

Hui Zhang

Feng Huang

Shuxiao Li

Jian Zhang
title: Monolithic Integrated High Frequency, High Brightness Perovskite Quantum Dots Multicolor Photonic Sources Coupled with Hyperbolic Metamaterials
venue: 2018 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO PR)
year: 2018

abstract: Metal halide perovskites are promising lasing materials for the realization of monolithically integrated laser sources, the key components of silicon photonic integrated circuits (PICs) Perovskites can be deposited from solution and require only low temperature processing, leading to significant cost reduction and enabling new PIC architectures compared to state of the art lasers realized through the costly and inefficient hybrid integration of III V semiconductors. Until now, however, due to the chemical sensitivity of perovskites, no microfabrication process based on optical lithography (and, therefore, on existing semiconductor manufacturing infrastructure) has been established. Here, the first methylammonium lead iodide perovskite microdisc lasers monolithically integrated into silicon nitride PICs by such a top down process are presented. The lasers show a record low lasing threshold of 4.7 mJcm 2 at room temperature for monolithically integrated lasers, which are complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatible and can be integrated in the back end of line processes.
author_names: Piotr J Cegielski

Anna Lena Giesecke

Stefanie Neutzner

C Porschatis

Marina Gandini

Daniel Schall

Carlo Andrea Riccardo Perini

Jens Bolten

Stephan Suckow

Satender Kataria

Bartos Chmielak

T Wahlbrink

Annamaria Petrozza

Max Christian Lemme
title: Monolithically Integrated Perovskite Semiconductor Lasers on Silicon Photonic Chips by Scalable Top Down Fabrication.
venue: Nano letters
year: 2018

abstract: The first part of this thesis focuses on a novel design of photonic crystal microcavity coupled to InGaAs quantum dots. Such coupled dot cavity systems can be used as enhanced single photon sources for quantum information applications and more complicated arrangements could even be used as optical switches in a quantum computer. A photolithography process is used to fabricate these cavities, allowing them to overcome many of the difficulties involved in achieving reliable dot cavity coupling in traditional e beam defined cavities. Theoretical FDTD simulations are used to predict the Q factor and mode volume (1.44 (l0/n)3) of this cavity design. The fabrication process is given in detail, and micro photoluminescence measurements are used to verify successful cavity fabrication. A success rate of 85% is achieved with Q factors as high as 7.4 x 103 at a wavelength of around 1.25 um. These cavities are shown to have comparable performance to existing designs such as L3 and Notomi cavities fabricated using e beam lithography. The second part covers studies of four different polycrystalline perovskite films with compositions of the form FA0.83Cs0.17Pb(BrxI1 x)3 and varying bromine fraction x {0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4} These perovskites are promising candidates for commercially scalable photovoltaic applications and have received a great deal of scientific interest over the past decade. This particular composition has been shown to have improved stability and optoelectronic properties compared to other perovskites. Micro photoluminescence mapping is used to study the temperature dependence and structure of these samples. The diffusion lengths are found to be in the range from 2 um to 5 um, and evidence of photon recycling over longer distances is identified. Time resolved photoluminescence measurements are carried out at cryogenic temperatures to study the carrier decay dynamics. A theoretical model of the decay process is developed and fitted to the data. Both excitons and free carriers are found to contribute to the emission, with the 10% bromine sample having the highest exciton binding energy.
author_names: Luke P Nuttall
title: Scanning micro photoluminescence studies of GaAs photonic crystals and perovskite structures
year: 2019

abstract: Influence of the nature of A cation on dynamics of charge transfer processes in perovskite solar cells Pankaj Yadav, Mohammad Alotaibi, Neha Arora, M. Ibrahim Dar, Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin, and Michael Gratzel Dr. P. Yadav, Dr. N. Arora, Dr. M. I. Dar, Dr. S. M. Zakeeruddin, Prof. M. Gratzel Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Dr. M. Alotaibi National Nanotechnology center, King Abdulaziz city for science and technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. E mail: ibrahim.dar@epfl.ch +P.Y. and M.A. contributed equally to this work.
author_names: Pankaj Yadav

Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi

Neha Arora

M Ibrahim Dar

Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin

Michael Gratzel
title: Influence of the Nature of A Cation on Dynamics of Charge Transfer Processes in Perovskite Solar Cells
year: 2018

abstract: Here we design photonic nanostructures for perovskite thin film of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) Optical properties of perovskite thin film are reported with the emission spectra peaked at 765 nm with FWHM of 50 nm. Based on the experimentally obtained optical constants, two dimensional perovskite photonic crystals are designed through plane wave expansion and finite element methods. The calculated band structure of 2D photonic crystal slab shows the photonic band gap at 750 800 nm, originated from the x y plane wave excitation. Incorporating one hole and three hole missing cavities in the photonic crystal slabs generates one and two modes in electric field spectra, respectively, indicating that the one hole missing cavity is more efficient for low power consumption of light source devices.
author_names: L J Diguna

Hendradi Hardhienata

Muhammad Danang Birowosuto
title: Design of perovskite photonic crystals for emission control
venue: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
year: 2019

abstract: An ensemble of emitters can behave very differently from its individual constituents when they interact coherently via a common light field. After excitation of such an ensemble, collective coupling can give rise to a many body quantum phenomenon that results in short, intense bursts of light so called superfluorescence1. Because this phenomenon requires a fine balance of interactions between the emitters and their decoupling from the environment, together with close identity of the individual emitters, superfluorescence has thus far been observed only in a limited number of systems, such as certain atomic and molecular gases and a few solid state systems2 7. The generation of superfluorescent light in colloidal nanocrystals (which are bright photonic sources practically suited for optoelectronics8,9) has been precluded by inhomogeneous emission broadening, low oscillator strength, and fast exciton dephasing. Here we show that caesium lead halide (CsPbX3, X Cl, Br) perovskite nanocrystals10 13 that are self organized into highly ordered three dimensional superlattices exhibit key signatures of superfluorescence. These are dynamically red shifted emission with more than 20 fold accelerated radiative decay, extension of the first order coherence time by more than a factor of four, photon bunching, and delayed emission pulses with Burnham Chiao ringing behaviour14 at high excitation density. These mesoscopically extended coherent states could be used to boost the performance of opto electronic devices15 and enable entangled multi photon quantum light sources16,17.Cooperative quantum effects in superlattices of quantum dots made of caesium lead halide perovskite give rise to superfluorescence, with the individual emitters interacting coherently to give intense bursts of light.
author_names: Gabriele Raino

Michael A Becker

Maryna I Bodnarchuk

Rainer F Mahrt

Maksym V Kovalenko

Thilo Stoferle
title: Superfluorescence from lead halide perovskite quantum dot superlattices
venue: Nature
year: 2018

abstract: Silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguide platforms [1,2] are interesting candidates for optical interconnects and sensing applications [3] thanks to high quality passive components, transparency for NIR and visible wavelengths and their compatibility with CMOS process technology. Unfortunately, no native light sources are available for Si3N4 platforms and the integration of active materials, i.e. III V compounds, is costly and often not CMOS compatible. Metal halide perovskites are a class of solution processed semiconductors suitable for lasing [4] Thanks to low cost deposition by spin coating and low temperature processing (below 100degC) they are a great option for industry relevant on chip light sources. In this work we apply the MAPbI3 perovskite onto Si3N4 integrated chips to obtain, to our knowledge, the first integrated perovskite laser.
author_names: Piotr J Cegielski

Stefanie Neutzner

C Porschatis

Holger Lerch

Jens Bolten

Stephan Suckow

Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada

Bartos Chmielak

Annamaria Petrozza

T Wahlbrink

Anna Lena Giesecke
title: Perovskite laser integrated on a conventional Si3N4 photonic platform
venue: 2017 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics Europe European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe EQEC)
year: 2017

abstract: Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have reached certified efficiencies of up to 23.7% but suffered from frailness and instability when exposed to ambient atmosphere. Zinc oxide (ZnO) when used as electron transport layer (ETL) on PSCs, gives rise to excellent electronic, optic, and photonic properties, yet the Lewis basic nature of ZnO surface leads to deprotonation of the perovskite layer, resulting in serious degradation of PSCs using ZnO as ETL. Here, we report a simple but effective strategy to convert ZnO surface into ZnS at the ZnO/perovskite interface by sulfidation. The sulfide on ZnO ZnS surface binds strongly with Pb2+ and creates a novel pathway of electron transport to accelerate electron transfer and reduce interfacial charge recombination, yielding a champion efficiency of 20.7% with improved stability and no appreciable hysteresis. The model devices modified with sulfide maintained 88% of their initial performance for 1000 h under storage condition and 87% for 500 h under UV radiation. ZnS is demonstrated to act as both a cascade ETL and a passivating layer for enhancing the performance of PSCs.
author_names: Ruihao Chen

Jing Cao

Yuan Duan

Yong Hui

Tracy T Chuong

Daohui Ou

Faming Han

Fangwen Cheng

Xiaofeng Huang

Binghui Wu

Nanfeng Zheng
title: High Efficiency, Hysteresis Less, UV Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Cascade ZnO ZnS Electron Transport Layer.
venue: Journal of the American Chemical Society
year: 2019