Query: Recent advances in ZnO nanostructures and thin films for biosensor applications: Review

Candidate papers:

abstract: Biosensors have shown great potential for health care and environmental monitoring. The performance of biosensors depends on their components, among which the matrix material, i.e. the layer between the recognition layer of biomolecule and transducer, plays a crucial role in defining the stability, sensitivity and shelf life of a biosensor. Recently, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures and thin films have attracted much interest as materials for biosensors due to their biocompatibility, chemical stability, high isoelectric point, electrochemical activity, high electron mobility, ease of synthesis by diverse methods and high surface to volume ratio. ZnO nanostructures have shown the binding of biomolecules in desired orientations with improved conformation and high biological activity, resulting in enhanced sensing characteristics. Furthermore, compatibility with complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology for constructing integrated circuits makes ZnO nanostructures suitable candidate for future small integrated biosensor devices. This review highlights recent advances in various approaches towards synthesis of ZnO nanostructures and thin films and their applications in biosensor technology.
author_names: Sunil K Arya

Shibu Saha

Jaime E Ramirez-Vick

Vinay Gupta

Shekhar Bhansali

Surinder P Singh
title: Recent advances in ZnO nanostructures and thin films for biosensor applications: review.
venue: Analytica chimica acta
year: 2012

abstract: ZnO nanostructured materials, such as films and nanoparticles, could provide a suitable platform for development of high performance biosensors due to their unique fundamental material properties.The performance of biosensors depends on their components, among which the matrix material, i.e. the layer between the recognition layer of bio molecule and transducer, plays a crucial role in defining the stability, sensitivity and shelf life of a biosensor. This paper reviews different preparation techniques of ZnOnanocrystals. Efforts are made to summarize and analyze existing results regarding surface modification for successful biofunctionalization and understanding of the mechanisms involved.
author_names: Ravi C Bharamagoudar

A S Patil
title: A Comprehensive Review of ZnO nanostructures and thin films for biosensor applications
year: 2015

abstract: Zinc oxide is a unique material that exhibits semiconducting and piezoelectric dual properties. Using a solid vapour phase thermal sublimation technique, nanocombs, nanorings, nanohelixes/nanosprings, nanobelts, nanowires and nanocages of ZnO have been synthesized under specific growth conditions. These unique nanostructures unambiguously demonstrate that ZnO probably has the richest family of nanostructures among all materials, both in structures and in properties. The nanostructures could have novel applications in optoelectronics, sensors, transducers and biomedical sciences. This article reviews the various nanostructures of ZnO grown by the solid vapour phase technique and their corresponding growth mechanisms. The application of ZnO nanobelts as nanosensors, nanocantilevers, field effect transistors and nanoresonators is demonstrated.
author_names: Zhong Lin Wang
title: Zinc oxide nanostructures: growth, properties and applications
year: 2004

abstract: This article reviews the recent progress in optical biosensors that use the label free detection protocol, in which biomolecules are unlabeled or unmodified, and are detected in their natural forms. In particular, it will focus on the optical biosensors that utilize the refractive index change as the sensing transduction signal. Various optical label free biosensing platforms will be introduced, including, but not limited to, surface plasmon resonance, interferometers, waveguides, fiber gratings, ring resonators, and photonic crystals. Emphasis will be given to the description of optical structures and their respective sensing mechanisms. Examples of detecting various types of biomolecules will be presented. Wherever possible, the sensing performance of each optical structure will be evaluated and compared in terms of sensitivity and detection limit.
author_names: Xudong Fan

Ian M White

Siyka I Shopova

Hongying Zhu

J D Suter

Yuze Sun
title: Sensitive optical biosensors for unlabeled targets: a review.
venue: Analytica chimica acta
year: 2008

abstract: Wurtzitic ZnO is a wide bandgap (3.437 eV at 2 K) semiconductor which has many applications, such as piezoelectric transducers, varistors, phosphors, and transparent conducting films. Most of these applications require only polycrystalline material; however, recent successes in producing large area single crystals have opened up the possibility of producing blue and UV light emitters, and high temperature, high power transistors. The main advantages of ZnO as a light emitter are its large exciton binding energy (60 meV) and the existence of well developed bulk and epitaxial growth processes; for electronic applications, its attractiveness lies in having high breakdown strength and high saturation velocity. Optical UV lasing, at both low and high temperatures, has already been demonstrated, although efficient electrical lasing must await the further development of good, p type material. ZnO is also much more resistant to radiation damage than are other common semiconductor materials, such as Si, GaAs, CdS, and even GaN; thus, it should be useful for space applications.
author_names: David C Look
title: Recent Advances in ZnO Materials and Devices
year: 2001

abstract: This paper reviews recent advances in the modification of graphene and the fabrication of graphene based polymer nanocomposites. Recently, graphene has attracted both academic and industrial interest because it can produce a dramatic improvement in properties at very low filler content. The modification of graphene/graphene oxide and the utilization of these materials in the fabrication of nanocomposites with different polymer matrixes have been explored. Different organic polymers have been used to fabricate graphene filled polymer nanocomposites by a range of methods. In the case of modified graphene based polymer nanocomposites, the percolation threshold can be achieved at a very lower filler loading. Herein, the structure, preparation and properties of polymer/graphene nanocomposites are discussed in general along with detailed examples drawn from the scientific literature.
author_names: Tapas Kuilla

Sambhu Bhadra

Da-hu Yao

Nam Hoon Kim

Saswata Bose

Joong Hee Lee
title: Recent advances in graphene based polymer composites
year: 2010

abstract: This article provides a comprehensive review of current research activities that concentrate on one dimensional (1D) nanostructures wires, rods, belts, and tubes whose lateral dimensions fall anywhere in the range of 1 to 100 nm. We devote the most attention to 1D nanostructures that have been synthesized in relatively copious quantities using chemical methods. We begin this article with an overview of synthetic strategies that have been exploited to achieve 1D growth. We then elaborate on these approaches in the following four sections: i) anisotropic growth dictated by the crystallographic structure of a solid material; ii) anisotropic growth confined and directed by various templates; iii) anisotropic growth kinetically controlled by supersaturation or through the use of an appropriate capping reagent; and iv) new concepts not yet fully demonstrated, but with long term potential in generating 1D nanostructures. Following is a discussion of techniques for generating various types of important heterostructured nanowires. By the end of this article, we highlight a range of unique properties (e.g. thermal, mechanical, electronic, optoelectronic, optical, nonlinear optical, and field emission) associated with different types of 1D nanostructures. We also briefly discuss a number of methods potentially useful for assembling 1D nanostructures into functional devices based on crossbar junctions, and complex architectures such as 2D and 3D periodic lattices. We conclude this review with personal perspectives on the directions towards which future research on this new class of nanostructured materials might be directed.
author_names: Younan Xia

Peidong Yang

Yugang Sun

Yiying Wu

Brian T Mayers

Byron D Gates

Yadong Yin

Franklin Kim

Haoquan Yan
title: One Dimensional Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications
year: 2003

author_names: Elvira Fortunato

Pedro Barquinha

Rodrigo Martins
title: Oxide Semiconductor Thin Film Transistors: A Review of Recent Advances
year: 2012

abstract: Foreword 1. Basic Properties and Applications of ZnO (V.A. Coleman and C. Jagadish) 2. Doping and Defects in ZnO (D.C. Look) 3. Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen Doped ZnO Films Grown by MOCVD (T.J. Coutts, Xiaonan Li, T. Barnes, B. Keyes, C.L. Perkins, S.E. Asher, Shengbai Zhang, Su Huai Wei and S. Limpijumnong) 4. Pulsed Laser Deposition of ZnO (V. Gupta and K. Sreenivas) 5. Optical Properties of ZnO and Related Alloys (U. Ozgur and H. Morkoc) 6. Minority Carrier Transport in ZnO and Related Materials (O. Lopatiuk, A. Osinsky and L. Chernyak) 7. Contacts to ZnO (Jae Hong Lim and Seong Ju Park) 8. Ion Implantation into ZnO (S.O. Kucheyev and C. Jagadish) 9. Advances in Processing of ZnO (K. Ip, S.J. Pearton, D.P. Norton and F. Ren) 10. Novel Nanostructures and Nanodevices of ZnO (Zhong Lin Wang) 11. ZnO/ZnMgO heterojunction FETs (M. Yano, K. Koike, S. Sasa and M. Inoue) 12.ZnO Thin Film Transistors (R. Hoffman) 13. ZnO Piezoelectric Devices (Yicheng Lu, N. Emanetoglu and Ying Chen) 14. Gas, Chemical and Biological Sensing with ZnO (Young Woo Heo, F. Ren and D.P. Norton) 15. ZnO Based Light Emitters (A. Osinsky and S. Karpov) 16. Ferromagnetism in ZnO Doped With Transition Metal Ions (D.P. Norton, S.J. Pearton, J.M. Zavada, W.M. Chen and I.A. Bouyanova)
author_names: Chennupati Jagadish

Stephen J Pearton
title: Zinc oxide bulk, thin films and nanostructures processing, properties and applications
year: 2006

abstract: In recent years there has been great progress the application of nanomaterials in biosensors. The importance of these to the fundamental development of biosensors has been recognized. In particular, nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots have been being actively investigated for their applications in biosensors, which have become a new interdisciplinary frontier between biological detection and material science. Here we review some of the main advances in this field over the past few years, explore the application prospects, and discuss the issues, approaches, and challenges, with the aim of stimulating a broader interest in developing nanomaterial based biosensors and improving their applications in disease diagnosis and food safety examination.
author_names: Xueqing Zhang

Qin Guo

Daxiang Cui
title: Recent Advances in Nanotechnology Applied to Biosensors
venue: Sensors
year: 2009