Query: Developing luminescent silver nanodots for biological applications

Candidate papers:

abstract: Though creation and characterization of water soluble luminescent silver nanodots were achieved only in the past decade, a large variety of emitters in diverse scaffolds have been reported. Photophysical properties approach those of semiconductor quantum dots, but relatively small sizes are retained. Because of these properties, silver nanodots are finding ever expanding roles as probes and biolabels. In this critical review we revisit the studies on silver nanodots in inert environments and in aqueous solutions. The recent advances detailing their chemical and physical properties of silver nanodots are highlighted with an effort to decipher the relations between their chemical/photophysical properties and their structures. The primary results about their biological applications are discussed here as well, especially relating to their chemical and photophysical behaviours in biological environments (216 references)
author_names: Sungmoon Choi

Robert M Dickson

Junhua Yu
title: Developing luminescent silver nanodots for biological applications.
venue: Chemical Society reviews
year: 2012

author_names: Sungmoon Choi

Robert M Dickson

Junhua Yu
title: Developing Luminescent Silver Nanodots for Biological Applications
year: 2012

abstract: A simple yet effective method is employed to prepare multifunctional fluorescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) from human fingernails. The results demonstrate that the CNDs have excellent optical properties and a quantum yield of 81% which is attributed to the intrinsic composition of the precursor material itself. The CNDs are used to develop an ultrasensitive fluorescent probe for the detection of hexavalent chromium (limit of detection: 0.3 nM) via a combined inner filter and static mechanism. Moreover, the toxicity of the CNDs over four epithelial cell lines is assessed. A negligible toxicity is induced on the three of the cell lines, whereas an increase in HEK 293 cell viability is demonstrated, granting cell proliferation properties to the as synthesized CNDs. According to cell cycle analysis, cell proliferation is achieved by enhancing the transition of cells from the S phase to the G2/M one. Interestingly, CNDs are found to significantly promote cell migration, maybe because of their free radical scavenging ability, making the CNDs suitable for wound healing applications. In addition, relevant experiments have revealed the blood compatibility of the CNDs. Finally, the CNDs were found suitable for cell imaging applications, and all of the aforementioned merits make it possible for them to be used for extraordinary, more advanced biological applications.
author_names: Theodoros G Chatzimitakos

Athanasia Kasouni

Anastassios N Troganis

Constantine D Stalikas
title: Carbonization of Human Fingernails: Toward the Sustainable Production of Multifunctional Nitrogen and Sulfur Codoped Carbon Nanodots with Highly Luminescent Probing and Cell Proliferative/Migration Properties.
venue: ACS applied materials interfaces
year: 2018

abstract: Ultrasmall noble metal and especially gold nanoclusters (AuNCs, =2 nm diameter in size) display a range of unique quantum confined and photophysical properties which are far different from their larger sized nanoparticle counterparts or that of the bulk parent material. Amongst these properties, the photoluminescence of gold AuNCs has stimulated much interest for biological applications due to a combination of their small size, high photostability and range of emissions depending on size and surface stabilizing ligands, including near IR emission. The dearth of robust Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donors and acceptors available to populate the latter spectral range is also driving strong interest in applying AuNCs for similar utility and especially for biosensing. However, the exact mechanism of how AuNCs engage in this type of energy transfer (ET) is still not defined and accumulating evidence indicates that it is not by a classical Forster process although, interestingly, many of the same characteristics and photophysical requirements seem to be present and even many times required. Here, we summarize the state of the art in AuNC ET studies with a special emphasis on relevance to biological utility ranging from diagnostics to distance measurements along with describing the different ET mechanisms that have been ascribed with their use. Due to its corresponding importance in this discussion, we provide a brief overview of how these materials are synthesized, the current understanding of how their photoluminescence originates, and some related information on silver nanocluster (AgNC) ET along with related processes such as chemically induced ET. A perspective and outlook on how this area will develop in the future is also provided.
author_names: Sebastian A Diaz

David A Hastman

Igor L Medintz

Eunkeu Oh
title: Understanding energy transfer with luminescent gold nanoclusters: a promising new transduction modality for biorelated applications.
venue: Journal of materials chemistry. B
year: 2017

abstract: In recent times, nanotechnology is expanding its field of application to very diverse areas. One of the most outstanding uses of nanotechnology in oenology is the incorporation of nanoparticles to sensors of different nature (electrochemical, biological, amperometric or fluorimetric) to improve the analysis of wine components such as polyphenols, organic acids, biogenic amines or sulphur dioxide. An improvement in the performance of the electrodes, increasing their sensitivity, accuracy and selectivity, together with shorter response times and less pre treatment of the sample are some of the main advantages of using nanoparticles in detection devices. There are many nanomaterials (e.g. carbon nanodots or nanotubes, gold, silver, zinc oxide, iron oxide nanoparticles or nanocomposites) with interesting and varied properties that allow making specific detections and measurements of compounds while developing simpler analysis methodologies. In addition, other utilities of nanotechnology such as the development of electronic tongues, the nano liquid chromatography, the antimicrobial power of certain nanoparticles and nanocomposites, the removal of yeast lees in sparkling wines through the attachment of magnetic nanoparticles, the usefulness of mesoporous silica nanomaterials as clarifying agents and the possibility of creating molecularly imprinted templates for the selective extraction of specific compounds from wine have been studied.
author_names: Iris Loira

Antonio Morata

Carlos Escott

Juan Manuel Del Fresno

Wendu Tesfaye

Felipe Palomero

Jose Antonio Suarez-Lepe
title: Applications of nanotechnology in the winemaking process
venue: European Food Research and Technology
year: 2020

abstract: Metal complexes are frequently used for biological applications due to their special photophysical and chemical characteristics. Due to strong interactions between metals and biomacromolecules, a random staining of cytoplasm or nucleoplasm by the complexes results in a low signal to background ratio. In this study, we used luminescent silver nanodots as a model to investigate the major driving force for non specific staining in cellular matrices. Even though some silver nanodot emitters exhibited excellent specific staining of nucleoli, labeling with nanodots was problematic owing to severe non specific staining. Binding between silver and sulfhydryl group of proteins appeared to be the major factor that enforced the silver staining. The oxidation of thiol groups in cells with hexacyanoferrate(III) dramatically weakened the silver cell interaction and consequently significantly improved the efficiency of targeted staining.
author_names: Sungmoon Choi

Junhua Yu
title: Understanding Interactions between Cellular Matrices and Metal Complexes: Methods To Improve Silver Nanodot Specific Staining.
venue: Chemistry
year: 2016

abstract: A simple one pot approach is developed for the preparation of carbon nanodots (C dots) by low temperature hydrothermal carbonization of cyclodextrin in a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. The cyclodextrin based C dots have a narrow size distribution and show a high fluorescence quantum yield. The C dots possess excitation independent downconversion and upconversion photoluminescent (PL) properties, and have a strong green luminescent emission with a maximal peak at 510 nm when they are excited at 420 nm. Besides, the PL properties of the C dots have a non obvious change in a wide range of pH values of 5 11. The fluorescence lifetime of the C dots is about 2.5 ns. Moreover, the obtained C dots are able to reduce Ag+ ions to elemental silver (Ag0) on their surface under sunlight, leading the PL intensity to be linearly changed with the Ag+ concentration, which can serve as an effective fluorescent probe for the detection of Ag+ in an aqueous solution.
author_names: Meng Hu

Yu Yang

Xiao Hong Gu

Yang Hu

Jianming Huang

Chao-yang Wang
title: One pot synthesis of photoluminescent carbon nanodots by carbonization of cyclodextrin and their application in Ag+ detection
year: 2014

abstract: Carbon nanodots (C Dots) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their low cost, ready scalability, excellent chemical stability, biocompatibility and multicolor luminescence. Here, we report a facile strategy for producing highly luminescent, surface different nitrogen doped carbon dots (C Dots) by using different ionic liquids (ILs) Intriguingly, the surface different C Dots show different selectivity for Cu(2+ and Fe(3+ To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example which shows that ILs are excellent precursors for producing luminescent nanomaterial used for detection of different metal ions. The resultant nitrogen doped C Dots are highly photoluminescent and can be used for multicolor bioimaging. Most notable, by taking different ILs as precursors, we obtain surface different C Dots, which can be directly used for selective detection of Cu(2+ and Fe(3+ without any modification. These C Dots based sensors exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity and the sensing process can be easily accomplished with one step rapid operation. More importantly, compared with other method using QDs, organic dyes and organic solvent, this strategy is much more eco friendly. This work may offer a new approach for developing low cost and sensitive C Dots based sensors for biological and environmental applications.
author_names: Andong Zhao

Chuanqi Zhao

Meng Li

Jinsong Ren

Xiaogang Qu
title: Ionic liquids as precursors for highly luminescent, surface different nitrogen doped carbon dots used for label free detection of Cu2+/Fe3+ and cell imaging.
venue: Analytica chimica acta
year: 2014

abstract: In a sub wavelength scale, even approaching to the atomic scale, nanoscale physics shows various novel phenomena. Since it has been named, nanoscience and nanotechnology has been employed to explore and exploit this small scale world. For example, with various functionalized features, nanowire (NW) has been making its leading position in the researches of physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering as a miniaturized building block. Its individual characteristic shows superior and unique features compared with its bulk counterpart. As one part of these research efforts and progresses, and with a part of the fulfillment of degree study, novel methodologies and device structures in nanoscale were devised and developed to show the abilities of high performing thermoelectrical, biological, and optical applications. A single b SiC NW was characterized for its thermoelectric properties (thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and figure of merit) to compare with its bulk counterpart. The combined structure of Ag NW and ND was made to exhibit its ability of clear imaging of a fluorescent cell. And a plasmonic nanosture of silver (Ag) nanodot array and a b SiC NW was fabricated to show a high efficient light harvesting device that allows us to make a better efficient solar cell. Novel nanomanipulation techniques were developed and employed in order to fabricate all of these measurement platforms. Additionally, one of these methodological approaches was used to successfully isolate a few layer graphene.
author_names: Kyung-min Lee
title: Nanoscale Materials Applications: Thermoelectrical, Biological, and Optical Applications with Nanomanipulation Technology
year: 2011

abstract: Soft x ray microscopy is now routinely capable of imaging biological specimens with resolutions that are five times better than the best visible light microscopes (50 nm) However, for biological labeling the only options developed for x ray microscopy have been silver enhanced gold probes that can be used with both scanning and wide field CCD microscopes, such as XM 1 at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) and luminescent lanthanide probes that necessitate a scanning microscope (SXM) To add to the arsenal of useful x ray biological probes, we have begun the development of labels that rely on the L edge absorption lines of vanadium. Vanadium is especially attractive as a biological contrast reagent because it has two strong absorption lines at energies that range from ~512 to 525 eV just below the oxygen K edge, which makes it an ideal material for imaging in the water window. In this report, we present our initial findings on the application of vanadium for biological labeling. Fixed NIH 3T3 cells grown o.
author_names: Mario M Moronne

Daisuke Hamamoto

George Meigs

Lewis Johnson

Gregory Denbeaux

Werner Meyer-Ilse
title: Potential application of vanadium probes for biological x ray microscopy
year: 2000