Query: Design of helmet rear view mirror helmet

Candidate papers:

abstract: A camera unit is mountable on rear of motorcycle. The camera unit includes a single chip image sensor, such as a colour complementary metal oxide semiconductor image sensor, and includes an attaching unit that is structured to allow the camera unit to be attached to an existing structure of the motorcycle. The camera unit further includes a transmit unit to allow transmission of a signal representative of captured images and a receive unit to receive control signals to control parameters associated with the camera unit, thereby allowing the remote unit to control parameters of the camera unit, such as exposure, gain, white balance, colour saturation, brightness. The camera unit can be of a small size and weight, and can be completely integrated on a single chip, thereby minimizing intrusiveness to the helmet wearer. The vehicle alert system project focuses on cooperative alert services based on timely and reliable communication under the challenging circumstances pertaining to a highly mobile vehicular network. Keywords Single Chip Image Sensor, White Balance, Helmet Wearer, Colour Saturation. I.INTRODUCTION "Many researches and invention are carried out for the improvement in the bike technology which is known as smart bike concept or superbike concept." This project is based on super bike concept in which we are going to improve the driving assistance using rear camera and ultrasonic sensors. This concept is derived from four parking system. Using this concept, we can eliminate side mirrors of the motorcycle, this causes improvement in aerodynamic shape of the motorcycle and increases the performance of motorcycle.The rear view camera is a new robust and smart video driver assistance for automotive applications. This camera system able to transmit the video signal within a distance around 20 meters wirelessly and reliable. It is an embedded system based on a very low latency video encoder and designed to be extremely fast, cheap in production, reliable and safe against attacks and interference. The total signal delay is less than 40 meters. Coding time is around 10meters. Technological advancement has led the advancement and prevalence of wireless sensor networks in many of man's activities. The WSN consist of numerous low costing sensor nodes that are organized to establish an ad hoc network via wireless communication module that is equipped on the nodes. The sensor nodes are equipped with different sensors. This rear parking sensor system is designed to assist the driver by providing an alert when the vehicle is travelling toward a nearby object. Never rely solely on this product to ensure the area is clear of children and obstructions. This product is not intended to replace existing safety procedures, but rather to add an additional safety tool for your vehicle. Vehicle Alert System is a project concerning the areas of cooperating embedded systems, vehicular ad hoc networks, wireless sensor networks and wireless digital communication. A communication system, wireless or wired, has some sort of communication stack containing rules on how the actual communication should take place. These rules are encapsulated in protocols and can be organized into different layers stacked above each other.In the sewer inspection system under development and testing this system is mounted in the rear portion on vehicle which will move inside the fully or semi filled sewer pipeline. The system will compute the distance of obstacle or blockage store it and also communicate the distance or location of the obstacle or blockage to the control station above ground.
author_names: Karande Nita

Tambe Kirti

Bhalerao Omkar

Hredeya Mishra
title: Two Wheeler Guidance System Utilizing Ultrasonic Sensor, Rear View Camera and Accident Alert System
year: 2019

abstract: Spatial disorientation continues to be one of the most costly problems in military aviation, as measured by both life and equipment loss. The unique Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) centric interface within 5 generation aircraft has the potential to increase tactical capability when compared to previous similar role aircraft. This study investigated the addition of off axis ownship attitude information within the HMD field of view when the operator looks away from the virtual Head Up Display (vHUD) In some 5 generation aircraft, traditional HUD symbology is presented via the HMD as there is no aircraft fixed combiner. In some instances, the only attitude information included via the HMD is part of the vHUD symbology and is only available when the operator looks forward. For this study, a comparison was performed between a baseline representative symbology design and two other interfaces which included variations of offboresight attitude information symbology. Air to ground tactical tasks of varying complexity were performed in live flight by evaluation pilots seated in the rear cockpit of an L 29 aircraft while donning a 5 generation representative HMD system. In addition to the HMD symbology, the visual scene presented was a virtual depiction of a mountainous terrain area. The real outside world was occluded by an opaque hood affixed to the canopy glass. Qualified pilots (n 10) participated in the study and each flew three approximately one hour flights. Data collection included quantitative performance, physiological response, and subjective feedback, and preliminary results are presented here.
author_names: Thomas Schnell

Christopher Patrick Reichlen

Christoph Reuter

Eric E Geiselman

J Knox

Henry Williams
title: A Comparison of Helmet Mounted Display Symbologies During Live Flight Operational Tasks
year: 2017

abstract: In order to meet the demands of Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) with large field of view, high image quality and colorful display, a modified optical system for HMD is proposed. The system, with a miniature color LCD as the image source, adopts a hybrid refractive/diffractive singlet in place of the doublet. The chromatic aberration and wavefront aberration of the optical system can be eliminated with negative dispersion coefficient and power of arbitrary phase modulation of the binary element, respectively. The image source forms an intermediate image near the beam splitter to enlarge the field of view; the exit pupil forms an intermediate image between the front and rear elements of the relay optics to reduce the diameter of the optical system and enlarges the diameter of the exit pupil. The spherical combiner projects the collimated beam from beam splitter into human eyes, which eliminates eyestrain caused by repeatedly observing video images and external images with different focal lengths. The vertical axis chromatic aberration of the system is less than 42mm in visible light band and its field of view enlarges to 40deg (horizontal)x30deg(vertical) Its resolution has approached the minimal resolving capability of human eye. In addition, the aperture is less than 46mm and weight is reduced by 47% than that of the existing perspective HMD.
author_names: Lu Zhen-wu
title: Design of the optical system for a see through refractive/diffractive hybrid helmet mounted display
year: 2005

abstract: Road accidents frequently happen nowadays. The majority of the fatality accident involves motorcyclist and most of them encounter in head injuries. Lack of peripheral vision is one of the factors that affect the road accident or crashes. Although there are helmets with rear view mirrors that currently exist in the market provides good improvement on road accident, but limited usage of the helmet for motorcycle user due to the high price of the helmet. The price of the helmet are not affordable for poor motorcyclist. Thus, a low cost helmet with rear vision features made in sustainability element is proposed in this project. Market analysis is first carried out to gain the voice of target customer before the concept generated. Followed by numerous quality tools and strategic selecting tools like HOQ, AHP method, CES software, SolidWorks and others are used for giving a successful portfolio for further development of the product. HOQ method is adopted to determine the prioritized engineering target to be met by the new helmet; AHP method is used to select the best concept which generated via hand sketching; SolidWorks applied for 3D drawing and analysis of the new helmet. FEA analysis is applied to testing the workable and safety of the design. While Drop test analysis is used to analyze the impact of the rear view helmet after collision happen. Furthermore, prototyping is carried out by using the FDM machine, Up Plus 3D printer for visualizing and testing purpose. Last but not least, the testing of the periscope concept in the rear view mechanism is tested by laser pen. The prototype is worked as intended, i.e. the user can see the back view while using this periscope attachment device.
author_names: Ai Xin Ng
title: Design And Development Of Broader Viewing Angle Device For Motorcyclist To Improve Safety
year: 2016

abstract: FIELD: personal use articles. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for protection of human head and deals with a helmet with a projection system. The helmet contains a controller, a video camera, a data receiving/transmitting unit, a speech recognition unit, a unit for determination of the helmet spatial position and an optical system. The optical system includes an image generator based on a scanning laser module, a scanner lens, a unit for exit pupil diameter magnification, a projection optical system and the helmet transparent shield (visor) through which one simultaneously observes the surrounding situation and views graphical information being transmitted. The projection optical system consists of a nonaxisymmetric component, a flat mirror and an axisymmetric lens. The projection optical system is designed so that to enable receipt of control commands and information from the speech recognition unit and the unit for determination of the helmet spatial position. The data receiving/transmitting unit is designed so that to enable data exchange via wireless networks. EFFECT: improvement of image quality and simplification of control of the helmet systems. 4 cl, 2 dwg
author_names: Andrei Borisovich Artishchev

Mikhail Abramovich Gan

Aleksandr Alekseevich Starkov

Sergei Anatol'evich Larionov
title: Helmet with projection system
year: 2012

abstract: Spatial and temporal data derived from eye movements, compiled while the human eye observes geospatial imagery, retain meaningful and usable information. When human perceives the stereo effect, the virtual three dimensional (3D) model resulting from eye brain interaction is generated in the mind. If the eye movements are recorded while the virtual model is observed, it is possible to reconstruct a 3D geometrical model almost identical to the one generated in the human brain. Information obtained from eye movements can be utilized in many ways for remote sensing applications such as geospatial image analysis and interpretation. There are various eyetracking systems available on the market; however, none of them is designed to work with stereoscopic imagery. We explore different approaches and designs of the most suitable and non intrusive scheme for stereoscopic image viewing in the eye tracking systems to observe and analyze 3D visual models. The design of the proposed system is based on the optical separation method, which provides visually comfortable environment for perception of stereoscopic imagery. A proof of concept solution is based on multiple mirror lens assembly that provides a significant reduction of geometrical constrains in eye frame capturing. Two projected solutions: for wide angle of viewing and helmet integrated eye tracker are also discussed here.
author_names: Aleksandr V Sergeyev

Eugene Levin

Michael C Roggemann

Gennady Gienko
title: Design of the stereoscopic eye tracking system for quantitative remote sensing applications
venue: Optical Engineering Applications
year: 2008

abstract: A novel simulator display system is described. The display consists of a full field of view rear screen projection display and a narrow field of view high resolution helmet mounted display (HMD) The HMD is worn by the pilot within the projection display. The virtual image of the HMD is thus superimposed upon the real image of the projection display. This hybrid approach to building a wide field of view display takes advantage of the beneficial aspects of both projection displays and HMDs. The result is a low cost total field of view display with high resolution. Several system design problems arise in the integration of the HMDwith the projection display. These issues are discussed, and include: the design of an HMD eyepiece with minimal obtrusiveness, visual blending of the HMD imagery with the projected imagery, and timing and perspective issues relating to the computer generated imagery presented by both the HMD and the projection display.
author_names: George R Kelly

Martin Shenker

Paul E Weissman
title: Helmet mounted area of interest
venue: Defense, Security, and Sensing
year: 1992

abstract: The optical design, fabrication and performance of a solid Schmidt prism used for relaying an optical signal or image to the eye while simultaneously providing the viewer with the capability to see through to the outside world is described. It can be either of solid glass or plastic construction like a prism, or made of separate components. The novel aspect of this approach over previous designs is folding the system between the image and the Schmidt mirror as opposed to folding it at the image itself. This allows for a more compact design. The solid glass approach extends the apparent field of view to the viewer through refraction at the glass to air interface. If the spherical reflector of the Schmidt is rendered opaque, the viewer will only see the information provided by the optical stimulus. If partially reflective, the viewer can augment real world scenes with computerized symbology superimposed in the visual field. The stimulus may be either a high resolution CRT or a flat panel liquid crystal display (LCD)<ETX>
author_names: Paul K Manhart

R Malcolm

John G Frazee
title: "Augeye" a compact, solid Schmidt optical relay for helmet mounted displays
venue: Proceedings of IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium
year: 1993

abstract: A low cost helmet mounted stereoscopic color viewing system designed for field testing teleoperator tasks is described. A stereo camera pair was mounted on a helmet to allow testing of a helmet mounted display with real time video input. The display consisted of a pair of LCD color monitors viewed through a modified Wheatstone mirror system. The components were arranged on a stable platform that was attached to a hard plastic helmet. The helmet weight (9.5 pounds) was supported by a modified backpack. This backpack also contained support electronics and batteries. Design, construction, and evaluation tests of this viewing system are discussed.
author_names: Robert E Cole

Curtis S Ikehara

John O Merritt
title: Low cost helmet mounted camera/display system for field testing teleoperator tasks
venue: Electronic Imaging
year: 1992

abstract: The goal of the cathode ray tube (CRT) helmet mounted display (HMD) project was development and demonstration of a low cost monochrome display incorporating see through optics. The HMD was also to be integrable with a variety of image generation systems and suitable for use with low cost cockpit trainers and night vision goggles (NVG) training applications. A final goal for the HMD was to provide a full field of regard (FOR) using a head tracker system. The resultant HMD design included two 1 inch CRTs used with a simple optical design of beam splitters and spherical mirrors. The design provides for approximately 50% transmission and reflectance capabilities for observing the 30 degree(s) vertical X 40 degree(s) horizontal biocular instantaneous field of view visual image from a graphic image generator system. This design provides for a theoretical maximum of 10.8% of the CRT image source intensity arriving at the eye. Initial tests of image intensity at the eye for an average out the window scene have yielded 12 to 13 Foot Lamberts with the capability of providing approximately 130 Foot Lamberts. Invoking a software 'own ship' mask to 'blackout' the visual image, the user can monitor 'in cockpit' instrumentation utilizing the see through characteristics of the optics. The CRTs are operated at a TV line rate with a modulation transfer function (MTF) of approximately 65% The small beam spot size and the high MTF provide for an enhanced image display. The display electronics are designed to provide a monochrome video picture based on an RS170 video input.
author_names: Roger Leinenwever

Leonard G Best

Bryce J Ericksen
title: Low cost monochrome CRT helmet display
venue: Defense, Security, and Sensing
year: 1992