Query: VIENNA rectifier -a novel single-stage high-frequency isolated three-phase PWM rectifier system

Candidate papers:

abstract: Based on an analysis of basic realization possibilities, the structure of the power circuit of a new single stage three phase boost type pulsewidth modulated (PWM) rectifier system (VIENNA Rectifier II) is developed. This system has continuous sinusoidal time behavior of the input currents and high frequency isolation of the output voltage, which is controlled in a highly dynamic manner. As compared to a conventional two stage realization, this system has substantially lower complexity and allows the realization of several isolated output circuits with minimum effort. The basic function of the new PWM rectifier system is described based on the conduction states occurring within a pulse period. Furthermore, a straightforward space vector oriented method for the system control is proposed which guarantees a symmetric magnetization of the transformer. Also, it makes possible a sinusoidal control of the mains phase currents in phase with the associated phase voltages. By digital simulation, the theoretical considerations are verified and the stresses on the power semiconductors of the new converter system are determined. Finally, results of an experimental analysis of a 2.5 kW laboratory prototype of the system are given, and the direct startup and the short circuit protection of the converter are discussed. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of the new converter system are compiled in the form of an overview.
author_names: Johann Walter Kolar

Uwe Drofenik

Franz C Zach
title: VIENNA rectifier II a novel single stage high frequency isolated three phase PWM rectifier system
venue: IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.
year: 1999

abstract: Based on an analysis of basic realization possibilities, the structure of the power circuit of a new single stage three phase boost type PWM rectifier system (VIENNA Rectifier II) is developed. This system has continuous sinusoidal time behavior of the input currents and high frequency isolation of the output voltage which is controlled in a highly dynamic manner. As compared to a conventional two stage realization, this system has substantially lower complexity and allows to realize several isolated output circuits with minimum effort. The basic function of the new PWM rectifier system is described based on the conducting states occurring within a pulse period. Furthermore, a straightforward space vector oriented method for the system control is proposed which guarantees a symmetric magnetization of the transformer. Also, it makes possible a sinusoidal control of the mains phase currents in phase with the associated phase voltages. By digital simulation the theoretical considerations, the stresses on the power semiconductors of the new converter system are determined. Finally, problems of a practical realization of the system are discussed, as well as the direct start up and the short circuit protection of the converter. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of the new converter system are compiled in the form of an overview.
author_names: Johann Walter Kolar

Uwe Drofenik

Franz C Zach
title: VIENNA rectifier II a novel single stage high frequency isolated three phase PWM rectifier system
venue: APEC '98 Thirteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition
year: 1998

abstract: An isolated single stage three phase ac dc converter is proposed for aircraft system in this paper. The proposed converter uses the matrix $3 \times 1$ topology to directly convert three phase line frequency ac voltages into high frequency ac voltage, and therefore facilitates the use of high frequency transformer for galvanic isolation leading to more compact and lighter weight of the power electronic converter. A space vector modulation based switching scheme is proposed and digitally implemented for superior input power quality and improved power conversion efficiency. A current doubler rectifier (CDR) circuit is used at the output side, which essentially reduces the leakage inductance of the high frequency transformer by decreasing the primary to secondary turns ratio. Moreover, an active soft switched lossless snubber circuit is proposed to overcome the high voltage spikes produced due to the leakage inductance of the high frequency transformer. A novel approach of adding a series capacitor in the primary winding of the high frequency transformer for the soft and uninterrupted commutation of the high frequency ac current is presented. The modes of operation of the proposed converter with the CDR circuit are analyzed in detail. Subsequently, the design equations for the proposed converter are derived. Simulation and experimental results are presented for a 500 W prototype converter suitable for aircraft systems.
author_names: Amit Kumar Singh

Elango Jeyasankar

Pritam Das

Sanjib Kumar Panda
title: A Single Stage Matrix Based Isolated Three Phase AC DC Converter With Novel Current Commutation
venue: IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification
year: 2017

abstract: Three phase power factor correction rectifiers followed by a dc dc isolated converter are widely used for conversion of three phase ac to isolated dc output used for high power telecommunication loads. In this paper, a reduced device count nine switch converter topology, which integrates the two stages of a conventional three phase ac dc power supply with an isolated dc output voltage for telecom applications is proposed. A novel modulation scheme using three separate 120$\circ phase shifted high frequency carriers for the three legs of the proposed converter is developed to drive the switches. It is shown that such modulation scheme leads to interleaved operation of the three dc dc resonant converters integrated within the proposed topology resulting in low output dc voltage ripple. Justification is provided for the choice of the SiC MOSFET as the enabling technology for the converter. The proposed system with the modulation scheme is validated with a 1.5 kW laboratory prototype, which meets the Energy Star 80PLUS platinum efficiency standard for all loads.
author_names: Kawsar Ali

Ravi Kiran Surapaneni

Pritam Das

Sanjib Kumar Panda
title: An SiC MOSFET Based Nine Switch Single Stage Three Phase AC DC Isolated Converter
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2017

abstract: High frequency link matrix rectifier (HFLMR) is an isolated single stage three phase ac dc converter, which originates from the three phase matrix converter and inherits the advantages of matrix rectifier such as no dc link components. In this paper, an HFLMR for more electric aircraft system is proposed. The proposed HFLMR consists of a three phase input LC filter, a matrix rectifier, a high frequency transformer, a diode bridge rectifier, and a purely capacitive output filter. The elimination of output filter inductor clamps the output rectifier device off state voltage to the output voltage and eliminates any RC snubber across the rectifier. A novel symmetric modulation scheme based on space vector modulation is implemented to regulate the switching sequences and provide selective natural zero voltage switching and zero current switching of the devices of the matrix bridge. The proposed converter is more power dense since it eliminates the dc link components, output filter inductor, and lossy snubber across the output rectifier devices. A TI digital signal processor TMS320F28379D is used to process the converter signals and generate the gating logic. The proposed converter is validated on a laboratory prototype powered by 115 $V_{{rms} ac with frequency of 400 Hz. The isolated dc output voltage is regulated at 270 V dc and the maximum output power is 600 W.
author_names: Dongdong Lan

Pritam Das
title: A High Frequency Link Matrix Rectifier With a Pure Capacitive Output Filter in a Discontinuous Conduction Mode
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2020

abstract: The development of guidelines for the practical application of a new power module (IXYS VUM25 E) realizing a bridge leg of a three phase/switch/level PWM (VIENNA) rectifier system with low effects on the mains is discussed. The inner circuit structure of the power module is formed by a bidirectional bipolar switch and of two free wheeling diodes. In a first step the switching losses of the power MOSFET and of the free wheeling diodes are determined by measurement in dependency on the switched current for characteristic values of the junction temperature. The isolated driving stage of the MOSFET is designed for minimum switching losses considering the occurring switching overvoltages and the ringing between the parasitic circuit elements. The conduction losses of the semiconductor elements are calculated directly via simple analytical approximations of the mean and rms values of the device currents. Based on the knowledge of the dependency of the main loss contributions of the semiconductors of the power module on the operating parameters (mains voltage, output voltage, heat sink temperature and switching frequency) the thermally maximum allowable mains current amplitude is calculated. Furthermore, for different switching frequencies an overview over the power loss contributions of the semiconductor elements is given. Also, the reduction of the efficiency caused by the total semiconductor losses is determined. Finally, the overall efficiency of a PWM (VIENNA) rectifier system realised by using the IXYS VUM25 E module is estimated and further possible developments of this module are discussed.
author_names: Johann Walter Kolar

Hans Ertl

Franz C Zach
title: Design and experimental investigation of a three phase high power density high efficiency unity power factor PWM (VIENNA) rectifier employing a novel integrated power semiconductor module
venue: Proceedings of Applied Power Electronics Conference. APEC '96
year: 1996

abstract: In this paper a single stage structure is proposed for realizing a three phase unity power factor rectifier. This topology utilizes a forward/flyback transformer to allow the high frequency isolation. The principle of the operation and the applied control concept is discussed. Space vector modulation is used in order to achieve unity power factor and to have the output voltage be regulated. Furthermore, the system transient is analyzed during turn on and a novel method is applied to the control system in order to limit inrush current during startup. The proper operation of the soft start method is confirmed by numerical simulation of a 6KW, 380V/48Vdc. The stability of the closed loop as well as the converter performance is verified by measurements on a low power prototype.
author_names: Negar Noroozi

Mohammad Reza Zolghadri
title: An isolated three phase three switch buck rectifier with inrush current limiting
venue: The 6th Power Electronics, Drive Systems Technologies Conference (PEDSTC2015)
year: 2015

abstract: In this paper, a novel three phase matrix based isolated AC DC converter is proposed for DC distribution system. The circuit is derived from boost converter based matrix PWM rectifier by only adding a small commutation capacitor and inductor. Compare to traditional power factor correction rectifier plus DC/DC two stage configuration, the proposed converter has higher efficiency and power density. Soft switching can be realized for all switches and the intermediate DC capacitor is eliminated in the proposed topology. Also, compared to the buck derived single stage solution, it requires smaller size EMI filter in the AC input stage. Furthermore, a novel space vector modulation (SVM) scheme is developed for the converter to control the input current and enable the soft switching operation. In this paper, the topology derivation and circuit operational analysis for soft commutation are given. The proposed SVM scheme is introduced and a simulation is carried out to verify the circuit.
author_names: Chushan Li

Yulin Zhong

David Xu
title: Soft switching three phase matrix based isolated AC DC converter for DC distribution system
venue: 2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)
year: 2015

abstract: Recently an important increase of the electrical equipment in modern aircrafts is leading to an increase in the demand for electrical power. The usual electrical power distribution in aircraft applications is done via a three phase 115Vac grid. A new trend of DC distribution is emerging employing a 270 Vdc grid. This yields the need for high efficiency and high power density AC DC converters, connecting the two grids while providing galvanic isolation. Traditionally 12 pulse autotransformer passive rectifiers are used in aircraft applications. This converter is robust and highly reliable, however it is a non controlled topology and it is relatively heavy because of the low frequency power transformer. Two stage rectifier system approaches, employing three phase PWM rectifiers or active filters and isolated DC DC converters, are good alternatives to be applied in aircraft applications, to reduce the weight by using high frequency transformers and inductors. However, two stage topologies process the energy twice leading to lower efficiency, power density. The reliability is also not very high due to a high semiconductor component count. This paper presents a new isolated single stage PWM rectifier system, based on the recently presented non isolated Swiss rectifier topology, called the Swiss Forward rectifier. The principle of operation of this converter topology is presented together with detailed design guidelines and experimental validation on a 3.3kW 115Vac to 270Vdc prototype.
author_names: Marcelo Silva

Nico Hensgens

Jesus Angel Oliver

Pedro Alou

Oscar Garcia

Jose Antonio Cobos
title: Isolated Swiss Forward three phase rectifier for aircraft applications
venue: 2014 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition APEC 2014
year: 2014

abstract: With the rapid development of communication industry, high voltage DC power supply system has become a new research direction of communication power. The paper studies the high frequency switching rectifier for high voltage DC power supply system, mainly including the hardware topology and key control strategy. Firstly, the front end converter is applied by a three phase PFC rectifier, and the rectifier with VIENNA topology and related control strategies including capacitor midpoint balance control are analyzed respectively. Secondly, a novel ZVS topology is proposed as the back end converter to optimize the ZVS effect, and an improved PWM control strategy is depicted to optimize the control scheme of lag switching according in light load case. At the same time, the key control loop under a variety of working conditions is depicted. Finally a 6 kW prototype of HVDC rectifier is developed to evaluate the previous theoretical analysis.
author_names: Zte Corporatio
title: High Frequency Switching Rectifier in HVDC Power Supply System
year: 2014