Query: review qd solar cell

Candidate papers:

abstract: Abstract Over the last decade, quantum dot (QD) sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) as a promising candidate for the next generation solar cell (SC) technology, have gained significant attention. For the bulk or thin film SCs, one of the biggest lost occurs within a few picoseconds after the photon is absorbed, as a photon with energy larger than the semiconductor band gap produces charge carriers with excess kinetic energy, which is dissipated via phonon emission. Semiconductor QDs, due to their quantum confinement properties, provide a new pathway for controlling energy flow. Therefore, they have the potential to enhance the efficiency of the primary photoconversion efficiency. QDSSCs present promising cost effective alternatives to conventional silicon SCs because of their outstanding properties, such as simplicity in fabrication, possibility to realize light absorption in wide solar spectrum regions, and theoretical conversion efficiency up to 44% This chapter presents a thorough review on the recent progress in QDSSCs. It is divided into seven sections, starting with quantum confinement, multiple exciton generations, and molar extinction coefficient as a general theoretical background in SC. This is followed by an introduction to the operational principle in QDSSCs. The third part focuses on photoanode in QDSSCs, which cover the various QD materials, including graphene QDs used as light harvester, and the different deposition techniques such as chemical bath deposition, successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction, electrochemical deposition, electrophoretic deposition, and molecular linker attachment and direct adsorption. The counter electrodes in QDSSCs are reviewed in the fourth section, while an extensive study on the electrolytes used in QDSSCs is addressed in the fifth section. The experimental backgrounds in QDSSCs are discussed in the sixth section with a focus on current voltage measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The final section contains a brief summary of the discussed topics covering the future outlook and future perspectives of the QDSSCs.
author_names: El Hadji Mamour Sakho

Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi
title: Quantum dots for solar cell applications
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract Quantum dots (QDs) possess attractive optoelectronic properties and have been intensively researched for various applications. Interest in QDs has been driven by their tunable properties, low cost processing techniques using low cost materials, and the compatibility of the material for different purposes. A clear understanding of the different processing techniques used for QDs is required to efficiently explore their unique properties and further improve their performance. QDs can potentially improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) However, surface phenomena arising from the use of non uniform or poor deposition methods of QDs tend to impede the performance of QDSSCs. This review highlights the most frequently used processing techniques for QD materials. Specific focus is placed on the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method as the preferred processing method for QDs. The attractiveness of the SILAR method and the current performance of QDSSCs are discussed. The three main factors contributing to the performance of QDs processed by SILAR, namely the number of cycles used, the concentration of the precursor solution, and the dipping time reaction, are discussed. Optimization of QD films through precise deposition based on SILAR improves the surface quality and performance of QD based devices.
author_names: Nurul Syafiqah Mohamed Mustakim

Charles Ahamefula Ubani

Suhaila Sepeai

Norasikin Ahmad Ludin

Mohd Asri Mat Teridi

Mohd Adib Ibrahim
title: Quantum dots processed by SILAR for solar cell applications
year: 2018

abstract: Abstract Quantum dot (QD) has emerged as a promising agent in the field of solar energy conversion due to its distinct size dependent optoelectronic characteristics. As next generation solar cell having facile and low cost fabrication techniques, quantum dot sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) has great potential to meet global demand for clean energy. In this type of solar cell architecture, high performance is expected due to multiple exciton generation effect and tuning of energy band gap in QD. As reported photo conversion efficiency of QDSSC is still less than dye sensitized solar cells, more research on optimization of material selection and material engineering is required. In this review paper, structure working of QDSSC along with interfacial charge transportation mechanism is presented. Various fabrication techniques related to QDSSCs have been briefly described. This article focuses on recent advances in photoanode of QDSSC. It includes various aspects of photoanode such as structural, morphological effect, carbon related materials, doping effect in metal oxides, alternative photo anodic materials, surface treatment, blocking layer, new types of sensitizer etc. Issues related to photoanode corrosion and stability are reviewed. Limitations and future prospects have been discussed to fabricate more efficient and stable quantum dot sensitized solar cell.
author_names: Darshan Sharma

Ranjana Jha

Shiv Kumar
title: Quantum dot sensitized solar cell: Recent advances and future perspectives in photoanode
year: 2016

abstract: In the last two decades quantum dots (QDs) have attracted research interest all across the globe owing to their unique size dependent optical and electronic properties. Generally, smaller the size of the crystal, the larger is the energy gap and greater is the difference in energy between the highest valence band and the lowest conduction band. Therefore more energy is needed to excite the dot, and concurrently more energy is released when the crystal returns to its resting state. Chalcogenide QDs have gained worldwide acceptance for their application in quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSC) This review article focuses chiefly on the progress made in chalcogenide QD based solar cells (SC) over the years along with a new type of QDSSC giving an output voltage of over 1V.
author_names: Karan Surana

Rakesh Mehra

Bhaskar Bhattacharya

Hee Woo Rhee

Anji Reddy Polu

Pramod K Singh
title: A comprehensive study of chalcogenide quantum dot sensitized solar cells with a new solar cell exceeding 1V output
year: 2015

abstract: Previously we reported the synthesis of novel organic inorganic composite indium tin oxide (ITO) foam precursor leading to the formation of "sponge like" ITO by burning away the organics. This newly made sponge like ITO possesses relatively high electrical conductivity due to phonon confinement with reasonable pore structure and may have potential application as functional materials in semiconducting dye absorbing layer in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and also as the receptor of electrons injected from the quantum dots (QDs) of organic inorganic hybrid QD based solar cell. This report is a short review of "sponge like" ITO described as a lecture note on its future use as an alternative new prospective material for photoanode of solar cell in the domain of sustainable energy.
author_names: Prasanta Kumar Biswas

Nilanjana Das
title: Soft chemistry based sponge like indium tin oxide (ITO) a prospective component of photoanode for solar cell application
venue: Frontiers of Materials Science
year: 2015

abstract: Zeolites have been utilized as hosts for ultra small <1 nm) ligand free quantum dots (QDs) of uniform size. The nanocages of the zeolite have acted as nanomolds or nanotemplates for the generation of these QDs, organizing them into regular arrays, and stabilizing them for extended periods of time. This review summarizes the preparation and characterization of CdS and PbS QDs in zeolite Y, their properties and applications in the fields of 3rd order nonlinear optical (3NLO) materials and QD array based solar cells.
author_names: Hyun Sung Kim

Kyung Byung Yoon
title: Preparation and characterization of CdS and PbS quantum dots in zeolite Y and their applications for nonlinear optical materials and solar cell
year: 2014

abstract: We present our recent study of SnS particles in the backdrop of significant developments that have taken place so far for which a review of the present status of this material, its structural, optical, electronic characteristics, and device performance is described. To further improve the performance of low cost chalcogenide based solar cells, we propose to employ a third generation solar cells fabrication scheme, where an intermediate bandgap layer can be incorporated in a CIS solar cell to increase its current generation and efficiency. For this purpose SnS quantum dots (QD) embedded indium sulfide (In2S3) layer is developed. We address how to cap the QD surface for defect passivation and protection from ambient and the doping nature of the particles.
author_names: Jatindra K Rath

Caterina Prastani

Diana E Nanu

Marius Nanu

Ruud E I Schropp

Aliaksei Vetushka

Matej Hyvl

Antonin Fejfar
title: Fabrication of SnS quantum dots for solar cell applications: issues of capping and doping
year: 2014

abstract: Quantum dot (QD) based solar cells have been the subject of over two decades of research with the hopes of increasing their efficiency to surpass single junction solar cells. To date, no single working device has been developed that surpasses the efficiency of a single junction solar cell. Fundamental issues including unrealistic assumptions involved in theoretical work, tendency of stretching observed experimental results, and lack of both process and dimension control at nanoscale exist with QD based solar cells making them unlikely to play a significant role in the manufacturing of future generations of PV modules. Silicon (Si) based photovoltaics (PV) manufacturing will continue to provide sustained growth of the PV industry. This paper presents a review of the fundamental problems associated with QD based solar cells.
author_names: Guneet Bedi

Rajendra Singh
title: Quantum dot solar cells
venue: 2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE NANO)
year: 2017

abstract: Abstract Quantum dot sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) has been considered as a promising candidate for the low cost third generation photovoltaics due to the unique optoelectronic properties of quantum dot light absorbers. Over the past years, QDSSCs have witnessed tremendous progress with a rapid rising of the power conversion efficiency from sub 5% in 2010 to 11.6% in 2016. Herein, we present a comprehensively review on the recent progresses in QDSSCs with an emphasis on the design and fabrication of three dimensional (3D) nanostructured electrodes for efficient photoanodes and counter electrodes (CEs) By increasing QD loading at photoanode and catalyst loading at CEs, enlarging solid liquid interface to reduce charge transfer resistance, facilitating charger transport and mass transfer, and enhancing the light harvesting, 3D nanostructured electrodes have demonstrated their promising potentials for the construction of efficient photoanodes and CEs. Together with the efforts on the surface engineering to inhibit the interfacial charge recombination and the exploration of efficient quantum dot absorbers and electrolytes, such 3D nanostructured photoanodes and CEs will open up great opportunities to achieve high performance QDSSCs with industrially appealing PCEs and stability for practical applications.
author_names: Jiankun Sun

Yan Jiang

Xinhua Zhong

Jin-Song Hu

Li-Jun Wan
title: Three dimensional nanostructured electrodes for efficient quantum dot sensitized solar cells
year: 2017

abstract: Among next generation photovoltaic systems requiring low cost and high efficiency, quantum dot (QD) based solar cells stand out as a very promising candidate because of the unique and versatile characteristics of QDs. The past decade has already seen rapid conceptual and technological advances on various aspects of QD solar cells, and diverse opportunities, which QDs can offer, predict that there is still ample room for further development and breakthroughs. In this Perspective, we first review the attractive advantages of QDs, such as size tunable band gaps and multiple exciton generation (MEG) beneficial to solar cell applications. We then analyze major strategies, which have been extensively explored and have largely contributed to the most recent and significant achievements in QD solar cells. Finally, their high potential and challenges are discussed. In particular, QD solar cells are considered to hold immense potential to overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of 31% for single junction cells.
author_names: Mee Rahn Kim

Dongling Ma
title: Quantum Dot Based Solar Cells: Recent Advances, Strategies, and Challenges.
venue: The journal of physical chemistry letters
year: 2015