Darlington & Richmond Herald. — 1874-10-10 (Darlington, Durham, England)

TEA.  _ SOCA k I:, SCIENCE CONGRESS  The proceedings of the Congress commenced on Friday morning with an address in the I Qupen's Rooms, Glasgow, by Lord .Napier and Ettrick, the president of the Eluention Department. There was a numerous attendance, and among those present were the Earl of Roseberrv, Lord Houghton, Lord Monerieff, Lord Giff Td, Sir G. Campbell, the Lord Provost, Dr Cameron, M.P., Dr Lyon Playfair, M.P., and others. The noble lord pointed out that in the educational movement now going on they were commencing an immense manufactory of minds; they must therefore see that these minds had a market, and must not allow in ligent and idle intelligence. Accumulated knowledge without action, ambition without advancement, sensibility without enjoyment, labour without commensurate and congenial gain would be dangerous things in a free and independent state. England, more than any other coantry, existed by the cooperation of various interests and classes, by mutual forbearance and public confidence. It was a fast and powerful machine, but delicately adjusted. It was not only by education that good citizens found that loyalty and patriotism and public order were secure ; it was by laws for the promotion of industry, sobriety, economy, public and rational pleasure, and by the diffusion of the rights and enjoyments attached to the possession of property in all its forms. Glasgow had availed itself of the powers and benefits of the Act of 1872 with promptitude, but the influences of education were aided there by work of unprecedented magnitude for the sanitary and social welfare of the working classes. At the close of the address a vote of thanks was unanimously passed, and the labours of the various sections then commenced. In the economy and trade section, a discussion on the legislation which should follow the report of the Royal Commission on Friendly Societies was opened by Dr Cameron, M.P., who contended that the existing associations would never be placed on a satisfactory basis until a system of compulsory registration was established. Mr George Potter contended that legislation, except to remove obstacles, would be a mistake. On Monday morning,Dr Lyon Play fair, M.P., , delivered an address in the Health Section, pointing out the great variations in the death rate, from 76.9 in large towns to 16.2 in rural districts, and urging a system of registration of disease. Mr Parker, formerly Member for Perthshire, read a paper in the Educational Section, on the best mode of extending the benefits of Academical Social Endowments; and Miss Beale, one on University Examinations for women, advocating the granting of degrees. In the Jurisprudence Section, the question whether the evidence of any and of which persons should be rejected in courts of law, was discussed. In the Section for Repression of Crime, Major B. Rogers read a paper on the question of extending the scale of Police Supervision to cases not now included. In the Health Section, the erection of improved Working Men's Dwellings was discussed; and in the Economy and Trade Section, Mr Somerville spoke on the Reclamation of Waste Lands. Sir George Campbell, on Tuesday, delivered an address as President of the Ecomony and Trade Department. He referred to the fact that pure political economy was being superseded by what might be called mixed political economy, and pointed out that improved means of communication were bringing Chinese labour into competition with ours. He further observed that in the treatment of self governed Colonies freedom must prevail over the economical views which we may consider right. In the repression of the crime section Miss Carpenter read a paper on "Reformatory and Industrial Schools for children." Mr Taylor advocated more stringent punishment for wife beaters and receivers of stolen property. In the education department the discussion was on the question how far children *of the wage-earning class can be brought under elementary instruction was discussed, there being a general concuraenee of opinion that so far the action of School Boards had been successful. In the evening there was a conversazione in the Corporation buildings. The Congress was brought to a close on Wednesday. Mr G.W. Hastings delivered an address as president of the repression of crime department. Among other recommendations he suggested that prisoners should be allowed to give evidence in their own behalf. In the economy of trade department one section was entirely given up to ladies. Mrs Bing, Mrs Mary Crawshay, and Mrs Patterson read papers on Domestic Economy. In the Health Section Miss Rose Adams stated the objects of the Ladies' Sanitary Association, and Baillie Collins on the restriction of the Liquor traffic, and Mr R. Hill M'Donald on the postal system, and commerce. The usual congratula, tory meeting was afterwards held. The next Congress will be held at Brighton.  Garibaldi's book, 'giving an account of "The Thousand," has b.:en published. Mr Pearson has in press a small volume of poems, by Mr Charles Grant. Tell's chapel at Kusnacht is being restored, and the frescn,s on the walls touched up.  Mary Queen of Sc Its' prison at Sheffiell is restored and open to the public. The Pechire of Saturday adds a portrait of Mr Ed. Jenkins, M.P., to its portrait gallery. " Old Sailors" is the title of Mr Byron's new comrdy in preparation at the Strand. A memoir of Sir Robt. Peel, by the late Lord Palling and Bulwer, will shortly be published. M. Thiers has been received at Turin by the King of Italy. He afterwards paid a visit to the Mayor. Prince Hohenlohe has been elected to the German Parliament in Forchheim by a very large majority over the Ultramontane candidate, a priest named Krapp.  On Friday morning, a private in the Swindon Rifle Corps, named Simon Davies, committed suicide by blowing out his brains with his rifle. On Friday afternoon, the scaffolding at the new school building's, Great Charlotte-street, Blackfriars-road, fell, injuring a great number of persons. A WEALTHY BrSHOP.—Bishop Stunner's wi 1 was prtved on the 19th ult., the personal estate being proved under 80,000/.