The Sun. — 1841-09-22 (London, England)

SEPT. 13.—The Chamber of Deputies has again been occupied the whole Neel with the finance projects. All the new imposts proposed have passed; the tax on salaries and pensions, graduating from ten to thirty per cent. ; that of ten per cent. on the dividends of the home debt. the additional impost of five per cent. on the sale of property. the augmentation proposed on several articles of the Customs' tariff, the increased duties on consumption in the suburbs of Lisbon, the abolition of the drawback of 15 per cent. of duties given to foreign goods importedin Portuguese shipping, and of the exemption from duties on Portuguese colonial produce, which, with the exception of the fisheries, will now be subject to a considerable duty, have all been passed by large majorities. The 11th project, now under discussion, is for the endowment of the Board of Public Credit with the proceeds of the new taxes, in order to enable it to pay the half dividends on the foreign debt, with which it is henceforth to be charged. The debate on this project con.menced on Saturday, and will be renewed to-day. Some alterations were made in the project for the abolition of the differential duties, which, as now passed, is as follows :  1. The 15 per cent. on duties remitted in favour of Portuguese shipping is to be abolished, and, therefore, all foreign goods imported, whether in Portuguese or foreign vessels, if coming from countries where Portuguese shipping is treated on terms of equality, to pay the duties set down in the customs' tariff.  2. An additional duty to be imposed upon goods imported in foreign vessels, from countries where Portuguese shipping is not received on terms of equality; and such additional duties to be exactly equivalent to any differential duties imposed by foreign countries on Portuguese shipping. 3. The indirect, or carrying trat.e, is still to benpen to foreign vessels ; but goods imported for consumption in Portugal, if brought in any other ships than Portuguese, or ships of the country from which the goods are exported, to be subject to an additional tax of 20 per cent, on the amount of duties as per tariff ; and the same additional duties to be raid by vessels coming from any countries from which Portuguese shipping is excluded. It will be observed. that by the above law English goods imported in Portuguese shipping will pay the regular duties of the tariff, from which 15 per cent. has hitherto been deducted: and the same goods imported in British shipping will, as long as we continue to lay differential duties on Portuguese shipping and produce, be subject to an additional duty equivalent to the same. If imported in any other than British or Portuguese shipping, an additional duty of 20 per cent. on the customs' tariff will be imposed. With respect to the alterations in the tariff, and the additional duties on woollen goods, which it is to be feared will press very heavy upon the coarser kinds of cloth, and even act as a prohibition of some of our woollen manufactures, the policy of imposing them is doubtless a mistaken one, and the Customs will perhaps lose on the whole instead of gaining an additional revenue ; but it is impossible to convince people here of the impolicy of the proceeding. A large deficit exists, to supply which they are calling on all sides for sacrifices, and comparisons are immediately made between the taxes im• po-ed on Portuguese prodlice in England and those on English goods in Portugal. It was stated in the Chamber on Friday that we lay 100 per cent. on their wines, while some of our finer cloths did not pay 10 per cent. duty ; and as to the coarser kinds, they could produce them themselves in sufficient quantity. Senhor Brandao proposed to raise the, duty to twelve testoons a pound weight on all kinds of cloth, which is double the amount as &zed by the new project : his argument was, that this womigt.6not exclude the finer cloths worn by the richer classes, but would act as a moderate duty, while it would operate as a prohibitory duty on tle coarser kinds, and therefore protect their manufacture of those articles. Senhor Branilao's proposal was ultimately referred to the Tariff Committee.  The revolutionary press is furious at the repeal of the favourite measure of its patrons—the differential duties. The Nacional says that 8,000 people will be thereby thrown out of employ, and that the ship-builders' yards at Lisbon, Oporto, &c., will soon be deserted, and calls on the shipowners not to allow their vessels to rot away in the Tagus, hut rather to break them up, and cast their fragments at the doors of the Ministers, and of the Legislators, who have perfected the ruin of the country. We, of course, come in for our share of the abuse, and the people are told that ere long the " leopards" of England will replace the " Quinas" of Portugal. However, the Nacional comforts itself to-day with the news of the resignation of the Melbourne Miniatry, and the moral certainty that they shall speedily get quit of Lord Howard de Walden.  The trial of Mr. Macdonell, for a breach of the police laws, comes on before our conservator to-morrow. He will be dis• charged, no doubt, but required to leave the country. The Queen and King-Consort come in this week from Cint.ra to remain. Lord and Lady Howard are also expected at their town residence in a day or two. Marquis Sa!danha is expected to leave on the 17th for Madrid.  The Gazette du Midi informs us that thirty-two Spanish refugees, who were working in the canal of Arles, have been arrested and sent to prison. It appears, from an article in the Courrier de Lyon, that the Spanish refugees, e.nployed as labourers on the repairs of this canal, had been guilty of insubordination, and, in consequence of some dispute with the French labourers, a severe conflict, in which the Spaniards were the aggressor., took place, and it became necessary to imprison some of the most culpable of the Spaniards. A New York Paper publishes the following under tke head of " London versus New York" In London. In New York. Murdered ......... 1  Poisoned...... 17 ..... 6 ...... 14 Killed by accident ...... 171 83 Killed in various other ways... 9 28 Drowned .............. 76 ...... 86 Burnt to death .................... 0 ...... Suicides . ........... ........... 29 45 53 Unknown deaths, probably murdered'........................ 12 ...... 179 Still-born ........................... 92 432 ...... 5 Intemperance ................ 19 33  Total ......... 740 1,130 Why is it that the murders committed in New York are 17 times greater than in London, whilst the populution of the latter city is five times greater than that of the former? 'and why are the number of deaths from other causes above-mentioned so disparaging to our metropolis ? The answer is, there are in New York five grog-ihops where there is none in Londo!