The Sun. — 1844-07-26 (London, England)

TOTI WATER AT T.!)\-DON-BRIDGE TILTS nAT. Morning 21 minutes atter 10 1 Evening... 2 minutes after 11.  ECOIST)  I taxes which they stand at, out of the wages they pay to their . unfortunate labourers. The first result of the system so adopted is a most fatal and but too obvious one. It becomes an element of their calculation as to the expenses of the farm they are about to occupy, under this competition-excitement, that a portion of their labour will be done by single men, at a cost just half of what they will have to pay to married labourers. It is abundantly clear that the money profit of such practice—from which no benefit; in the true sense of the word, can be said to result to any one—centres finally in the landlord who encourages this reckless, Irish sort of competition for the occupation of his farms. But the immediate consequence obviously is this, in a district of labour already redundant in amount and underpaid in wages,—namely, to encourage and foment improvident marriages. It is the surest means for the unmarried labourer to increase his earnings, to induce some female to unite her destiny to his already hopeless condition. In this way a generation of improvident, discontented, and destitute pauper labourers is now established around the very employers with whose interests, in a healthier condition of circumstances, and under a better system of management, their• own would have always been identified. Day by day the condition of one or both parties deteriorates ; and their interests, appear to the moody and jaundiced li reflection of the starving cottager, surrounded by the family whose sole.dependence is on the wages of his labour, to be directly opposed. The landowners would really do well to balance the utmost profit they can derive from a mere incidental increase of their rentals, (through the folly or thoughtlessness of competing parties who are ready to pay absurdly exorbitant rentals, or to subscribe to yet more absurdly exorbitant terms of agreement with them, in order to hold under them as tenants), against the certain influence which these causes exercise on the crime of incendiarism. The only true method that can ever be successful in extinguishing its suicidal firebrand, is, for the landowner to treat on terms of liberality and consideration with the tenant-farmer, contenting himself with a smaller but a more equitable and safer rental; and for the tenant-farmer to discharge his duty to the labourers 'and others whom he employs, by paying them such just and fair wages for their services, as shall not drive them, in the paroxysms of their unsatisfied hunger, or of their angry disappointment, to the concoction of schemes of vengeance and destruction against the property, the homes, and even the persons of those who should consider themselves the natural friends and• protectors, riot the spoilers or defrauders, of the industrious poor.  Madrid papers of the 18th have been received. One of these states that the QUEEN had signed a decree for proclaiming martial law throughout Spain. The Castellano, without attaching much credit to the report, says "we should prefer so an exceptional a state of things (which is necessary in an exceptional situation) to the singular and incomprehensible state in which we are, provided such a measure had an object beneficial to the country and were not adopted for the sole purpose of oppressing quiet people." Such an act is extremely probable. NARVAEZ cannot halt between two opinions. He cannot at the same time act the despot, and allow the Cortes to deliberate with freedom. During the ensuing elections, under the pretext of preventing disturbances, he may say it is necessary to give the military full power. But the press also must be gagged or put down, and that process is in a fair way of being accomplished. Five prosecutions had been instituted against a paper, called the Monarquia, and the editor there announces that he must suspend its publication. Proceedings had also been instituted against other papers. It was said that M. PASCUAL INGLADA, former intendant of the province of Toledo, had been arrested, and was to be tried as an accomplice in the murder of General