The Sun. — 1841-09-27 (London, England)

POREIGN. The Levant Mail has arrived, bringing news from Constantinople of the 7th, from Alexandria of the Gth, from I3eyrout of the Bd, from Smyrna of the 9th, and from Malta of the 15th inst.  The Sultan's health is suite restored. His Highness has appointed Said; the Viceroy's Envoy, a Vice-Ad miral, and his Secretary, Sami Bey, a Lieutenant-General. These promotions entitle them to rank as Pachas of the Empire. Lord Ponsonby was preparing to leave Constantinople for England by way of Italy. The Porte had issued a Firman, commanding all the authorities throughout the Empire to treat the trading subjects of the Sultan as favourably as merchants living under the protection of Foreiem Powers. " All the authorities," says the Ministerial circular, " addressed to the Pachas as well in Constantinople as in the provinces, have been instructed to encourage, by every means in their power, the commereita'_ operations of the subjects of the Porte, to grant them the same facilities as are accorded to the Frank merchants, to defend their legal rights by the application of a system of just equality, to protect them under all circumstances from violence and injustice, and by these means to secure to them prosperity and contentment. You will publish the present document in the district under your charge, and exert yourself to realise the wishes of his Highness in this respect." —This circular confers a real boon upon the Turkish merchants, who, to escape from being periodically plundered by the Pachas, were hitherto compelled to obtain the protection of foreign Powers. Thus the wealthiest merchants were glad to hold some nominal office in the kitchen of a Foreign Ambassador. Mr. Colquhoun, Charge d'Affaires of the Hanseatic Republic, was preparing to sign a commercial treaty with the Porte.  The Sultan has ratified the treaty of London of the 13th of July. On the 7th Tali ir Pacha, the Pacificator of Candia, landed at Smyrna, where his flab was saluted by all the foreign vessels in the roads. The salute was returned gun for gun. The Paella wore the diamond-hilted sword presented to him by the Sultan, valued at a thousand pounds sterling. The next day he sailed from Constantinople, after leaving two hundred pounds for the sufferers by the late fire. The Christian sects are persecuting one another like fiends in Syria. If the principle of the Christian religion was hatred instead of love, they could not more rancorously malign each other. All the native sects conspire against Protestantism in every form. From Egypt the news is of little political interest. Mehemet Ali has turned the sword into a ploughshare. Under his careful management it is expected that, in a few years, Egypt will be a fine agricultural country. From Lisbon the news is far from satisfactory. The Algarve is overrun with Minaielite brigands, who rob and murder the inliabitan,s with comparative impunity. General Macdonell was found guilty of being in Portugal without a passport, and ordered to quit the country in eight days. The General was very ill, in consequence of his confinement in a damp cell in the castle of St. George. The National was tried on Thursday, and acquitted, for a libel on the King of the French, written in December last. The observations made by the National in Friday's number upon its trial provoked a fresh seizure. The Constitutionnd would have it believed that Eng. land meditates the permanent occupation of Syria. Why not charge us with a design upon Paris?  Punzac