The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — 1850-08-27 (Liverpool, Merseyside, England)

STANDARD.  parative amount of pauperism under free-trade, and previously to its coming into operation, we ought to go back a year and examine the number of persons relieved on a given day in that year and the preser4. A return ordered by the House of Lords containing this information gives us the following striking results the first week of February, 1846, there were receiving relief in the forty counties of 'England 770,148 persons, and in the same week of the present year 890,681, being an increase of 15.6 per cent. In only four of these counties, viz., Bedford, Leicester, Oxford and Rutland. Was there a slight decrease, averaging about 4 per Cent., whereas in some of the others the increase *as 4 times the per centage. In the county of Lancaster, for example, the seat of the freefrade agitation, the increase of the number of paupers in February, 1850, was 40.1 per cent. ; in Monmouthshire, one of the seats of the iron trade, it was 42.9 per cent. ; in Northumberland, Earl Grey's county, it was 30.2 per cent. ; and in Middlesex 35.8 per cent ! Of the 12 counties of Wales we have an increase in eight, and a decrease in four, with a nett increase of 8.9 per cent. In two of these counties, connected with the iron trade, viz., Flint and Glamorgan, the increase of paupers is respectively 32.8 and 50.9 per cent. A very able contemporary—the Circular to Bankers—of a portion of whose labours we have availed in arriving at the truth upon this subject, thus remarks upon the position of the country, as shown by the Lords' Report, above mentioned : " Nobody will attempt to deny that in the great manufacturing districts throughout the kingdom there has been an immense increase of labour during the last eighteen months ; but it is only by comparing our present position with what it was before that period, that we can mark our progress. If we pass over the year of high prices, 1847, and the " year of revolutions," 1848, and go back as far as 1846, we shall find that we have not yet arrived at the point where we then stood. From the return to the order of the House of Lords already referred to, we give the number of paupers at the end of this article relieved in each county in the first week of February 1846 and 1850.  "It is clear from these figures that not less than 46 counties are this year in a worse state than they were in 1846, as far as the lower classes are concerned; and that taking England throughout, there was 15 per cent. more of pauperism in February 1850, than in February 1846, notwithstanding the boasted increase of foreign trade.  " We must also remember that the number of poor which come within the recognition of the Poor Law, constitutes only a portion of the pauperism in this kingdom. We have taken considerable trouble to ascertain what is the actual condition of the unenumerated poor; and we are compelled to state that almost every trade in which the artisan is engaged, is gradually becoming worse as prices and the profits of trade decline; and it is difficult to see where the rage for cheapness will land us in the encl."  Mr. Foyle has been promoted from the mastership of Toxteth Dock to that of the Bramley•Moore and Nelson Docks, with a salary of £zoo per annum.  The dock committee have appointed Captain Henrichson (whose wife and children were so cruelly murdered) to the mastership of Toxteth Dock, with a salary of £lOO per annum. •