The Sun. — 1839-07-17 (London, England)

MUSTAPHA IV., in 1808, being then in the twenty-third year of his age. The murder of his predecessors, SELIM and NIUSTAPIIA, by the Janissaries, who had completely usurped the Government of the Kingdom, and, like the Praetorian Guards in Rome, set up and deposed Monarchs at their pleasure, made a deep impression •on his mind. Seeing no other way to rid himself of them, he resolved upon their indiscriminate slaughter. From the dome of the mosque of St. Sophia he gazed unmoved upon the terrible carnage which gave freedom to the empire. So bloody a commencement of a reign was supposed to presage a continuance of cruelty ; but happily for Turkey, the Sultan no sooner found himself free from personal danger than he directed all the energies of a daring mind to improve the social and moral condition of his subjects. His chief opponents were the priests, who scrupled not to accu,e him of Infidelity, and who, by attributing every defeat sus.. rained by his arms to the displeasure of the Prophet, raised a clamour against him among the zeaots of the Mussultnan faith, which greatly embitcued his life. In the war with Russia, which continued from 1809 to 1812, 11:_s lost Bessarabia and a part of Moldavia ; next followed the revolution which restored independence to Greece ; and, to complete his misfortunes, the Paella of EGYPT intimated a determination to perpetuate the Government of Egypt in his own family. These reverses abroad, conjoined with the clamours of the priesthood at home, preyed upon the mind of the SULTAN, and brought on the distemper of which he died. His issue consists of two sons and four daughters, the whole of whom are living. The name of the reigning Sultan is ABDUL who was born on the 20th of Aprd, 1823. He will be assisted in the Government by his brothersin-law, who greatly distingmished themselves by the enlightened support which they rendered MAI' Nwun in carrying out reforms in the army, navy and finances of the empire.  The disturbances at BirnTingham communicated some of their own characteristics to a debate last night in the House of Lords on the subject, which was hot and angry. The Earl of WARWICK introduced the matter by asking for information, and at the same time complained that none had been given him, though he is Lord Lieutenant of the county, either by the Magistrates or the Secretary of State. He spoke of the Magistrates as Chartists, and as having neglected their duty. Men of ordinary capacity might suppose that it was the business of the Lord Lieutenant of Warwickshire to give information to the Home Office ; and we ask why did not Lord WARWICK fly to his post at the first news of the disturbance, ten days ago, to preserve the peace of the county ? That remark was not made in the House ; and Viscount MELBOURNE contented himself with admiting that the accounts in the newspapers were correct, stating that he had little or no additional information to give. He declared that the Government had provided ample means for the defence of the town, and defended the Magistrates. The Duke of WELLINGTON attacked both the Mii shane appointmentai esdtnce bor esar epasa nonnprydtoa rl towns oht Corporation weoent treated sthsnsoeMagistrates, liker soreness, na eka:rsnsnptoeowagannin i(caci condemnedi Magistrates.tm, never keEe: vat3nnein Birmingham, without tti nlishttsgitneooh formationm condemned e h reflection the o of than those to which Birmingham hadjetraosmbifiee'de:ndigh:lrtepehsaer'hietmiaeydd.r: It;is comfortable for the selves already suffering the horrors of war, and to know that the same enemy which kin.iled the flames in Birminhgham is scattered through every one of our towns, and tat the army and police—if on them the country is henceforward to rely for security instead of on the affections of the people—must be every-where. If every hour did not convince us that statesmen, like other d:sputants, only remember the facts which make for themselves, we should have been surprised at the Duke of  WELLINGTON saying that these things could not have gone on formerly in this great country, once so fee and happy. Viscount MELBOURNE reminded him of Nottingham, and might have added. Bristol. Earl FITZWILLIAM reminded him that Dr. PatEsTsEv's house had been burnt by a Church-and-King mob about 1799, and might have added that not many years before London itself was partially sacked and burned by Protestant boys under Lord