The Sun. — 1859-11-17 (London, England)

STATISTICS OF BRAZIL.  Brazil bids fair to be the greatest empire of the transatlantic world. We are officially apprised that at the last date of the returns (included between the years 1855 and 1857) the area of Brazil was 3,100,104 English square miles, and 'the population (of 20 provinces) equal to 7,677,800 souls. udTihneg nl7sm7ble pr uobf Isi cho cscohl or schools ol s collegeso f . primary"wa s 2,548, in c 1 ueducation, as it is termed, and 308 lyceums, or "secondary" establishments. The number of scholars was 88 707, including 61,620 at the primary public academies, ' and 5,000 at the lyceums. 17,797 scholars studied in private schools of primary instruction, and 4,279 in secondary school,. The total number of convicted criminals in each year averages some 1,300, out of an average of 2,500 tried. The proportion of male and female criminals is somewhat startling ; the men average about 2,400, and the women only 150 a-year (of the criminals tried). The great majority of criminals are between 21 and 40 years of age ; juvenile crime is, happily, rare. Rebellion and sedition, as offences, appear to be at a discount in Brazil, as in England, seeing that there was only one solitary sedition-monger trie3 in 1857, and not one " insurrectionist." " Bodily assaults and injuries" constitute the staple offence, and murder, euphonistically qualified as " manslaughter" (or homicide) stands next. Concealment of birth is almost unknown in Brazil, and cases of " violation," officially distinguished from "rape," are, considering the climate of Brazil, not numerous. There are no offences against religion and morals, but the "civil" catalogue includes 23 cases of " illegal assembly." Of 1,229 persons convicted in 1857, 46 were executed, 116 sentenced to the galleys, 248 to hand (not hard) labour, 432 to imprisonment only, 5 to " degradation" (not explained), 6 to exile, 384 to fine, and 62 to be scourged. The public revenue of Brazil is 4,380,900/, and the expenditure 4,455,229/. The latter includes 817,1631 for the Ministry of the Interior, 415,300/ for Justice, 73,280/ for Foreign Affairs, 552,885/ for Marine, 1,225,514/ for War, and 1,371,087/for (Ministry of) Finance. The Public Funded Debt of Brazil is 11,909,078/, against 6,415,978/ internal and 5,493,100/ foreign debt. 2775 vessels, national and foreign, of 885,703 tons, entered the ports of Brazil in 1856-7, while 2546, of 905,311 tons cleared out thence. The ratio of national to foreign vessels is as Ito 7. Some 3,000 vessels, of 350,000 tons, appear to be engaged in the coasting trade; 144 British vessels, of 46,266 tons, entered the port of Rio de Janeiro last year, and 147, of 48,122 tons cleared out. The American ships at Rio numbered some 280, of 107,000 tons. At Pernambuco 287 English ships, of 72,046 tons entered in 1848, Against 294 of 72,867 tons cleared out. At Bahia. 146 English vessels, of 60,306 tons, entered, and 141 cleared out, of 59,060 tons burden. The imports of Brazil, in 1856-7, are valued at 13,761,773/, and the exports at 12,722,601/. In that year Brazil took for home consumption, from England alone, goods to the value of 73,711,048 milreis ; from the Hanse Towns, 7,498,456 milreis ; from Belgium, 2,073,748 milreis; from France, 16,476,063 milreis; from Spain, 1,415,499 milreis ; from Portugal, 6,649,118 milreis from the United States, 7,477,496 milreis ; and from Rio de la Plate, 4,030.646 milreis. Among the imports cotton goods figure for 35,513,568 milreis, woollen for 8,381,032, flour for 5,297,466, gold and silver coins for 12,683,643, cutlery, &c., for 5,44,448,and gold and silver, wrought, for 3,788,7113 milreis. The value of the exports to Great Britain is 35,587,150 milreis—about half that of the imports into Brazil from the former empire. Of the exports, raw sugars and coffee arc the staples, the former figuring for 25,842,938 milreis, and the latter for 54,106,972 milreis; salt and dry hides, and diamonds, figure for 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 milreis each, and tobacco for 3,436,401. Raw cotton figures for (3,990,404. Half the coffee of Brazil (exported at Rio) is taken by the United States ; about 300,000 opt of the grand total of 2,409,543 bags exported in 1855 were rent by the English Channel " for orders ;" the quantity actually sent to Great Britain was only 36,788 bags—a very low figure indeed. These exports of coffee, however, refer to Rio de Janeiro only. 7,452,5201 worth of gold pieces were coined at the Mint of Brazil in 1856, and 1,017,208/ worth of silver. At the end of 1858 the extreme market prices at l'ernambuco were— Indian corn, 513 to 58s 6d per quarter ; cotton, 73d per ib ; rum, 157 s 6d to 168 s par pipe ; and sugar, 19s lid to 33s per cwt.