Glasgow Courier. — 1858-07-13 (Glasgow, Strathclyde, Scotland)

STATE OF MEXICO.  The annexed mercantile letter from Mexico describes sh the recent events in that country, and supports the r‘ pectation of its speedy extinction as an independent  "Die Mexicans are now reaping the fruits of their criminal indolence and corruption; the whole country presents a scene of horror. Civil war is raging in all its fury, and the new system recently adopted is to give no quarter! Thus, wholesale murder is committed in cold blood, and retaliation keeps increasing the number of victims. The Central government now established in the capital, and the Federal party opposed to it, and which is in possession of all the leading ports, may be considered as two levers of equal force. The consequence is that the struggle between them is likely to be a very long one, and whichever of the two gets the mastery is sure to be upset in itn turn shortly after. The prospect, therefore, involves a succession of fresh revolutions, which will no doubt distract and impoverish the country, till ills at last absorbed by its powerful neighbours, a notion, indeed, Which is beginning to strike the Mexicans themselves in a very forcible manner. In the meantime some military operat'ons of importance have taken place; a battle, after the national style, was fought at Zacatecas, which ended in the defeat of the government forces and the taking of that town by the enemy; four of the principal officers made prisoners were shot a few hours afterwards, at the head of them Manero, a young and respectable general, Whose loss has created a very painful sensation in the capital. On the other hand, the same party which was viethrions at Zacatecas has been routed near Tampico, under General Garza. Vela Cruz remains in :tutu quo, mercantile intercourse being altogether suspended, to tl.e great detriment of the goods detained in that sultry aud damp climate, and to the prejudice of all parties. All kind of trade is thus rendered nearly impossible, not to mention the crowds of robbers which infest the roads in all directions as usual, and occasionally Inn gangs mustering more than a hundred. The 3.(d10g and gallant General Osollo having joined at B,‘n Luis the forces under General Miramom with those under his own command, it is supposed some desl'ise engagement may soon take place with the Federal troop., commanded by Gen. Zuazua, if indeed the Litter does not endeavour to lure on his adversaries LY a feigned retreat towards his head quarters in the north, till he succeeds in decoying them into some snare. La the grand question at present in the capital is the forced loan recently decreed under the guise of a general and extraordinary contribution. As usual, the governnient are seeking to include foreigners in that odious and irregular tax, which consists of 1 per cent. oPen the capital (not the income) of every individual ; sod the general opinion is that if, in spite of all treaty stipulations, such a flagrant system of spoliation Is allowed, there will be an end to all possibility of fl;nn merchants residing in or carrying on trade with As for the British merchants established in the `simal, they have unanimously resolved to resist the Stteropt as far as it may be in their power to do an. The American Minister, Mr Forsyth, has gone an far as to Publish his official notes on the subject (full of sense and reasoning),and has recommended his countrymen 'Xt. Pay upon any consideration. The question affords new minister, Mr Otway, a fine opportunity to disNI his diplomatic abilities. Ile was presented to the prertiment in due form about a fortnight since, and has ruoto.the sympathies of all parties by his kind manners ; o it remains to be seen if be is gifted with the firmness ml character and the energy which are indispensable to tape with the bad faith and tricks of all Mexican gsferaMenta.