The Sun. — 1853-05-09 (London, England)

THE UNITED STATES.  SOUTHAMPTON, MAY 7. By the United States' mail steam-ship Washington, Captain E. M. Fitch, which arrived off Cowes this evening, on her way to Bremen, we have accounts from New York to the 23d ult.  The Washington brought 120 passengers, 43 of whom were for Southampton, and a small quantity of specie for Bremen and Havre. The Royal Mail steamer Arabia arrived at New York, from Liverpool, on the 20th ult. From Washington there is no political news of importance, the following being the chief items conveyed by telegraph from the capital : " The Central American policy of the present Administration is understood to be indicated by the sending into and ratification by the Senate of Mr. Squier's treaty with San Salvador. This treaty, which is supposed to have been held back by the late Administration for fear of offending Great Britain, is entirely free from entangling alliances with any European power. Mr. Buchanan designs setting an example of republican simplicity at the Court of St. James. He is said to have requested the Zion. John Appleton, member of the last Congress from Maine, to accompany him as Secretary of Legation. Senator Borland, having declined the governorship of New Mexico, it is intimated will get the mission to Central America, which was rejected by Mr. Sliddell. The British Government has sent to Mr. Crampton, the British Minister, a gold medallion likeness of Queen Victoria and a gold pocket chronometer for Captain Nye, of the steam-ship Pacific, and a goldmounted trumpet and 101. sterling for the mate, and 101. for each of the six men who volunteered their services and saved the crew and passengers of the British barque Jesse Stephens, wreaked some time since. The presents are to be distributed through the State Department. Major Stevens has nearly completed his arrangements for the survey of a northern route for the Pacific Railroad. Lieutenant Duncan, with a party of 16, has been sent to Oregon, rid the Isthmus, to start from Puget's Sound and meet the exploring party in the mountains. Another of the party has been some time in Canada, collecting information from the Hudson's Bay Company, &c. The Washington Union denies the reported illhealth of the President, and says that his health has decidedly li/11,2.0N-et and- that' he has gained both in strength and weight since the inauguration." The _Herald says : " New York is to have a new opera-house,—one on a magnificent scale. We learn that $lBB,OOO have already been subscribed, and 24 per cent. paid in. Only $12,000 are now wanted to make up the sum required for this splendid enterprize. It is in contemplation to have it completed in December next, and open with Grisi and Mario."  The Santa Fe mail has arrived at Independence, bringing accounts that " Lieutenant Heth, in command of the military post at Fort Atkinson, had determined to attack the Cheyenne Indians, and was only waiting till the mail had pa,sed. This band during the winter murdered a discharged soldier on the plains, and refused to deliver the murdei'ers to Lieutenant Heth. The force at the garrison was very insufficient, but Lieutenant Meth deemed it absolutely necessary to attempt their chastisement, as they bad insolently defied him on more than one occasion. The contest will be rather unequal, and the result is feared. The Government have been guilty of gross neglect in supplying an insufficient force at a post where there is so much danger, surrounded as it is by 5,000 Indians of various tribes. A dispatch was sent by Lieutenant Heth, notifying the Adjutant of the sixth military department of the difficulty and circumstances. " New Mexico was in a quiet state."  The tone of the New York money market was rather improved, and speculation was reviving. Exchange on London 9j to N. premium. Freights to Liverpool rather lower. Cotton less active.