nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: It is said that in the past, Sojo from the third (Nichimoku) to the 4th (Nichido) and from the sixty-sixth (Nichidatsu) to the sixty-seventh (Nikken) was done in the form of confidential affairs, but some deny that regarding the case of Sojo to Nikken.
Japanese: 過去には3祖日目から4世日道へ、66世日達から67世日顕への相承が内証形式で行われたとされるが、日顕への相承については否定する者もいる。
English: The Nichiren Shoshu sect asserts that only the chief priests of Taiseki-ji Temple inherited after Nichiren-Nikko-Nichimoku.
Japanese: 日蓮正宗では日蓮-日興-日目以降の歴代大石寺住職のみに伝わるとしている。
English: However, the Nichiren sect rebuffs the assertion of the Nichiren Shoshu sect on the following grounds:
Japanese: しかしながら、日蓮宗サイドでは、下記の理由を根拠にこれを否定している。
English: If the assertion of the Nichiren Shoshu sect is true, it means that out of six old monks who were the disciples of the founder, five old monks who became anti Nikko were persons who had defamed the law (dharma); the question remains as to why the founder could not have predicted their behavior and acknowledged them as disciples.
Japanese: 日蓮正宗の主張が真実なら、宗祖の本弟子六老僧の中で後に反・日興となった五老僧は全て謗法化した人物ということになるが、なぜ宗祖は、彼ら五人の謗法化を予見することもできずに本弟子として認めたのか。
English: Nika (two) Sojo, which consisted of two notes, 'Ikegami Sojo-sho' and 'Minobu Sojo-sho,' on which the Nichiren Shoshu sect's assertion is based, is bogus because it does not appear in the early record of Komon-ryu school.
Japanese: 日蓮正宗の主張の根拠である「池上相承書」「身延相承書」の二箇相承は、興門流の初期の記録には存在しないから偽書である。
English: Nika Sojo cannot even be the subject of discussion because it was stored at Omosu-dansho (an institute established in Omosu for the purpose of educating disciples; currently Kitayama Honmon-ji Temple), where Nikko lived after retirement, not at Taiseki-ji Temple which Nikko had ceded to Nichimoku, and because its original document is now missing.
Japanese: 二箇相承は日興が日目に譲った大石寺ではなく、日興が晩年隠居した重須談所（現在の北山本門寺）に保管されていたとされる文書である上に、原本は現在では行方不明であるから論議の対象にすらならない。
English: The other view holds that it was not lost because there is a record that Ieyasu TOKUGAWA read the original copy and Kitayama Honmon-ji Temple is in fact storing it in confidence.
Japanese: 徳川家康が二箇相承真筆を披見した記録があるから紛失説は誤りで、実は北山本門寺が秘蔵・隠蔽している。
English: Traditionally, Kitayama Honmon-ji Temple has given little consideration to Kechimyaku Sojo.
Japanese: 北山本門寺では、伝統的に言っても、血脈相承というもの自体を極めて軽視してきた。
English: From the very beginning, Nichidai, who was ceded Omosu by Nikko, was expelled by the people adherent to Omosu.
Japanese: まずその出発点からして、日興から重須を譲られた日代は、一山大衆の手によって追放の憂き目に遭っている。
English: Currently, it even denies Nika Sojo and strives solely to preserve the status of the 'head temple of the Nichiren-shu sect.'
Japanese: さらに現在では、二箇相承も否定して、ひたすら「日蓮宗大本山」としての地位の保全に努めている。
English: Nishiyama Honmon-ji Temple did not approve Kechimyaku Sojo from Nikko to Nichimoku but instead split away, claiming the legitimacy of Nichidai based on "Hattsu Yuzurijo (eight notes that document the will to transfer the property or possession to the offspring or disciples)."
Japanese: 西山本門寺では、日興から日目への血脈相承を認めず、『八通譲り状』を根拠に日代正統説を立てて分派。
English: Hota Myohon-ji Temple and Koizumi Kuon-ji Temple did not approve Kechimyaku Sojo from Nichimoku to Nichido but instead split off, claiming the legitimacy of Nichigo.
Japanese: 保田妙本寺・小泉久遠寺では、日目から日道への血脈相承を認めず、日郷正統説を立てて分派。
English: They once came under the jurisdiction of Taiseki-ji Temple in 1957 but became independent again in the Heisei period after seeing the conflict between Soka Gakkai and the sect.
Japanese: 昭和32年、大石寺に一旦は帰属したが、創価学会と宗門の争いを見て、平成になって再び独立した。
English: During the era of Nichizon, its original chief priest (of Kyoto Yobo-ji Temple) acknowledged Kechimyaku Sojo from Nichimoku to Nichido, and during the Edo period it turned out nine consecutive hossu as being the most overriding branch temple of Taiseki-ji Temple.
Japanese: 京都要法寺では、初代日尊の時代には、日目から日道への血脈相承も認めていたし、江戸時代には大石寺の最有力の末寺として9代連続で法主を輩出したこともあった。
English: However, over the years it gradually became independent and dissolved the affiliation with Taiseki-ji Temple by denying Kechimyaku Sojo.
Japanese: しかし、長い年月の中で徐々に独立的傾向が高まっていき、遂に血脈相承を否定して大石寺との本末関係を解消するに至った。
English: Soon after the expulsion of five monks in 1980, Shoshin-kai filed court litigation requesting a confirmation of the non-existence of the position of the chief abbot (superintendent priest) on the grounds that Kechimyaku Sojo from Nichidatsu to Nikken doesn't appear to have been done, and that consequently the chief abbot in question lacked qualification.
Japanese: 正信会では、1980年の僧侶5名擯斥処分直後に、日達から日顕へ血脈相承した形跡がないので、管長の資格が無いとして、管長地位不存在確認を裁判所に提訴した。
English: Since then, it has continued to deny Kechimyaku Sojo in various respects, doing so as ammunition for attacking the Nikken and Nichiren Shoshu sects.
Japanese: 以後、日顕及び日蓮正宗への攻撃材料として様々な側面から日蓮正宗の血脈相承を否定。
English: The litigation itself was dismissed on the grounds that the subject matter cannot be the subject of litigation because, like the problem of temple occupation, it is a matter of faith.
Japanese: なお、裁判自体は正信会による寺院占拠問題と同じように、信仰次元の問題なので、裁判の対象ではない。として棄却された。
English: Recently, some monks have remarked that Kechimyaku Sojo from Nichidatsu to Nikken was done.
Japanese: また、最近、一部僧侶が日達から日顕への血脈相承があったと発言している。
English: According to them, Kechimyaku Sojo was in fact performed but they had pretended otherwise as it provided ammunition for attack.
Japanese: 当人によれば、実際にはあったが、攻撃材料としてなかったことにしようというものである。
English: Since the excommunication in 1991, Soka Gakkai has asserted that Kechimyaku Sojo ended long ago.
Japanese: 創価学会では、1991年の破門以降は、血脈相承はとうの昔に切れていると主張している。
English: After the headquarters instruction meeting held on April 12, 1999, Fuji Taiseki-ji Kensho-kai asserts, in the form of echoing the assertion of Shoshin-kai, that Nichidatsu could not bestow Kechimyaku Sojo to anyone because he had died suddenly as a consequence of Buddha's penalty relating to the change of doctrine.
Japanese: 冨士大石寺顕正会では、1999年4月12日の本部指導会以降、正信会の主張に相乗りする形で、教義変更の仏罰で日達は急死したため、血脈相承を誰にも授けられなかった。
English: It further asserts that Nikken assumed the position of Hossu by pretending that he had been bestowed Kechimyaku Sojo, even though it had not occurred.
Japanese: 日顕は、血脈相承を受けてないのに受けたと詐称して登座した。と主張し始めている。
English: Koen OTANI (February 27, 1875 - February 6, 1943) was a Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) monk who was the 23rd Hossu (head priest) of the Otani School of the Jodo Shinshu.
Japanese: 大谷光演（おおたにこうえん　1875年（明治8年）2月27日-1943年（昭和18年）2月6日）は、浄土真宗の僧で、真宗大谷派第23代法主。
English: Koen OTANI studied traditional Japanese painting under Bairei KONO and Seiho TAKEUCHI, was influenced by Shiki MASAOKA and commented on in the magazine "Hototogisu" by Hekigoto KAWAHIGASHI and Kyoshi TAKAHAMA who he admired and looked up to.
Japanese: 幸野楳嶺や竹内栖鳳に日本画を学び、また正岡子規の影響を受け、『ホトトギス(雑誌)』誌にて河東碧梧桐、高浜虚子らに選評してもらい、彼らに傾倒して師と仰いだ。
English: During his lifetime, he wrote many haiku poems (approximately 20,000) and used his poetic talent to forge his own reputation within the haiku world.
Japanese: 生涯に多くの俳句（約2万句）を残し、文化人としての才能を発揮、日本俳壇界に独自の境地を開いた。
English: February 27, 1875: Born to father Koei OTANI, 22nd Hossu (head priest) of the Otani School of the Jodo Shinshu.
Japanese: 1875年（明治8年）2月27日、第22代法主大谷光瑩の次男として誕生。
English: November 1908: Inherited the position of 23rd Hossu (head priest) of the Otani School of the Jodo Shinshu from his father Koei.
Japanese: 1908年（明治41年）11月、隠居した父・光瑩より第23代法主を継承し、真宗大谷派管長となる。
English: 1925: Failure of mining operations on the Korean Peninsula resulted in the disruption of Higashi Hongan-ji Temple's finances for which he took responsibility and retired, passing his position of Hossu onto his eldest son Kocho OTANI.
Japanese: 1925年（大正14年）、朝鮮半島における鉱山事業の失敗から、東本願寺の財政を混乱させ引責隠退し、長男の大谷光暢に法主を譲る。
English: Originally, Gozu Tenno (gośīrşa) was an Indian deity and the guardian deity of Gion-shoja (the Jetavana monastery).
Japanese: 牛頭天王（ごずてんのう　ゴーシールシャ　gośīrşa）は、もともとはインドの神で祇園精舎の守護神である。
English: As mentioned above, he is perceived as the guardian deity of Gion-shoja but he also is perceived as the suijaku (trace manifestation) of Yakushi-nyorai of Joruri-sekai (the realm known as Joruri or Pure Lapis Lazuli in the eastern quarter, Sk: Vaiduryanirbhasa).
Japanese: 前出の通り、祇園精舎の守護神であるとされるが、東方・浄瑠璃世界の薬師如来の垂迹ともされる。
English: According to the extant "Bingonokuni Fudoki (ancient records of culture and geography of Bingo Province)" included in "Shaku Nihongi (Chronicle of Japanese History)," he was a prince of Buto Tenjin, his name was written as Gozu Tenno, he married a daughter of Shakara Ryuo, one of the Hachidai Ryuo (Eight Dragons) and he had eight princes.
Japanese: 『釈日本紀』内の『備後国風土記』逸文には武塔天神の太子として登場し、牛頭天皇と表記され、八大竜王の一、沙竭羅竜王の女を妃として8人の王子を生んだという。
English: In Japan, he amalgamated with Susanoo as he was a deity of ferocious nature and was enshrined at Yasaka-jinja Shrine in Gion, Kyoto and was worshiped as Joeki-shin (a god that protects against plague).
Japanese: 日本では、猛威ある御霊的神格を持っていることからスサノオと習合し、京都祇園の八坂神社に祀られ除疫神として尊崇された。
English: It is said that although he spreads diseases, he bestows remedies for all diseases on farmers who welcome him kindly.
Japanese: 疫病を撒き散らすと同時に親切に迎え入れた農民に対しては万病に効く術を授けたとも言われている。
English: During the Heian period, people in urban areas started to worship him and he became the object of worship in Gion Goryo-e (the Gion Matsuri Festival).
Japanese: 平安時代に都市部で信仰されるようになり、祇園御霊会（祇園祭）において祀られるようになったとされる。
English: The faith for Gozu Tenno and Susanoo, which is the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism, is called Gion veneration, which had spread nationwide by the Medieval period.
Japanese: 牛頭天王・スサノオに対する神仏習合の信仰を祇園信仰といい、中世までには日本全国に広まった。
English: He was enshrined at Hiromine-jinja Shrine, Yasaka-jinja Shrine, Tsushima-jinja Shrine, Hikawa-jinja Shrine and their branch shrines, but subsequent to the separation of Buddhism and Shintoism in the Meiji period, these shrines have became shrines to Susanoo.
Japanese: 広峯神社・八坂神社・津島神社・氷川神社およびその分社で祀られていたが、明治の神仏分離でこれらはスサノオを祀る神社となった。
English: However, in Nara, Kyoto and Niigata prefectures and others nationwide, there still are several shrines, including Tenno-jinja Shrine, that enshrine Gozu Tenno.
Japanese: ただし、天王神社など牛頭天王を祭神とする神社は今でも奈良県京都府新潟県など全国各地に点在している。
English: Many of the place names that include the word 'Tenno,' such as 'Tennoz Isle,' are derived from Gozu Tenno.
Japanese: 天王洲アイルの「天王洲」など、各地にある「天王」のつく地名の多くは牛頭天王に因むものである。
English: Once upon a time, Gozu Tenno went on a journey in the disguise of an old man and asked for lodging at a certain village.
Japanese: 昔、牛頭天王が老人に身をやつしてお忍びで旅に出た時、とある村に宿を求めた。
English: On this occasion Kotanshorai, the wealthy younger brother, treated Gozu Tenno coldly, but the elder brother, Sominshorai, despite being poor, welcomed and entertained Gozu Tenno kindly.
Japanese: このとき弟の巨丹将来は裕福なのに冷淡にあしらい、兄の蘇民将来は貧しいのにやさしく迎え入れてもてなした。
English: Then, Gozu Tenno disclosed his identity and declared, 'In the near future, mortal disease will run rampant in this village, but I will save your family members.'
Japanese: そこで牛頭天王は正体を明かし、「近々この村に死の病が流行るがお前の一族は助ける」とのたまった。
English: As predicted by him, when mortal disease rampaged the village, all the family members of Kotanshorai died but those of Sominshorai survived.
Japanese: 果たせるかな死の病が流行ったとき、巨丹の一族は全部死んでしまったのに、蘇民の一族は助かったという。
English: Even today, Yasaka-jinja Shrine and other shrines distributes red paper cards with "Sominshorai shison-no-mon" written on them in gold-colored characters, and the origin of this practice is the historical event mentioned above.
Japanese: 現在でも八坂神社などでは赤い地の紙に金色の文字で「蘇民将来子孫之門」という札を配布しているが、その由来はこの故事を基にしている。
English: The reason for having gold-colored characters on red paper is that, according to Onmyo-do (the way of yin and yang), it is believed that 'these colors are what Yakubyo-gami detests.'
Japanese: 何故赤い紙に金色の文字かというと陰陽道で「疫病神が嫌う色」とされているからである。
English: Kujaku Myoo is an object of worship in Buddhism and one of the Myoo (king of wisdom) having venerable status specific to Mikkyo (Esoteric Buddhism).
Japanese: 孔雀明王（くじゃくみょうおう）は、仏教の信仰対象であり、密教特有の尊格である明王のひとつ。
English: Originally, she was Mahamayuri, an Indian goddess, and one of the Pancharakshya (five protector deities).
Japanese: 元来はインドの女神マハーマユリーで、パーンチャ・ラクシャー（五守護女神）の一柱。
English: Sanskrit name Mahamayuri means 'great peacock.'
Japanese: 梵語名マハーマーユーリー(Mahamayuri)は「偉大な孔雀」の意。
English: She is also called Makamayuri, Kujaku Butsumo, Kujaku Omo Bosatsu or Konjiki kujaku-o.
Japanese: 摩訶摩瑜利(まかまゆり)、孔雀仏母、孔雀王母菩薩、金色孔雀王とも呼ばれる。
English: There are some images, such as the painting image at Ninna-ji Temple in Kyoto (the Northern Song Dynasty period, a national treasure), that have three faces and six arms.
Japanese: なお、京都・仁和寺の画像（北宋時代、国宝）のように三面六臂に表わされた像もある。
English: Because a peacock eats bugs and poisonous snakes like cobra, Kujaku Myoo was believed to do the 'pious act of removing plague or pain from people' and therefore became an object of faith.
Japanese: 孔雀は害虫やコブラなどの毒蛇を食べることから孔雀明王は「人々の災厄や苦痛を取り除く功徳」があるとされ信仰の対象となった。
English: Later on, the interpretation that Kujaku Myoo performs the pious act of accomplishing Buddhism by eating poisonous living matter, in other words by eating the three kleshas that poison the heart of man (desire, ill will and ignorance), which symbolize the bonno (earthly desires) of human beings that had become prevalent; there are many sects that chant Shingon (mantra) of Kujaku Myoo at the rite as a charm against evil spirits.
Japanese: 後年になると孔雀明王は毒を持つ生物を食べる＝人間の煩悩の象徴である三毒（貪り・嗔り・痴行）を喰らって仏道に成就せしめる功徳がある仏という解釈が一般的になり、魔を喰らうことから大護摩に際して除魔法に孔雀明王の真言を唱える宗派も多い。
English: In the world of Shingon Mikkyo, the prayer of Kujakukyoho was emphasized the most as it was deemed to be a prayer to guard the nation.
Japanese: 真言密教において孔雀経法による祈願は鎮護国家の大法とされ最も重要視された。
English: In Japan there is a record stating that she was worshiped during the Nara period, and her image was placed at the newly constructed Saidai-ji Temple Kondo (Saidai-ji Temple Golden Hall).
Japanese: 日本では奈良時代ごろから信仰され、創建当初の西大寺(奈良市)金堂に安置されていたとの記録もある。
English: Jocho (D.O.B. unknown - died September 2, 1057) was a sculptor active in the latter part of the Heian period and is said to be the sculptor who perfected the technique called yoseki-zukuri, in which the main part of a statue is made out of two or more pieces of wood.
Japanese: 定朝（じょうちょう、生年不明-天喜5年8月1日(旧暦)（1057年9月2日））は平安時代後期に活躍した仏師で、寄木造技法の完成者とされる。
English: The shallow sculpting of the drapery with folds arranged in parallel lines, and the serene expressions of Jocho's simple and graceful Buddhist statues suited the preferences of the Heian aristocracy and this style was called 'Buddhist Style.'
Japanese: 彫りが浅く平行して流れる衣文、瞑想的な表情など、定朝の平明で優雅な仏像は平安貴族の好尚に合致し、その作風は「仏の本様」と称せられた。
English: According to historical accounts there is much evidence of his work however the only statue in existence that can be identified with certainty as his work is the wooden seated Amida Nyorai Statue (a national treasure), the principal object of reverence at Byodoin (Kyoto).
Japanese: 文献上は多くの事跡が伝えられるが、現存する確実な遺作は平等院本尊の木造阿弥陀如来坐像（国宝）とされる。
English: While examples of work in the Jocho style of sculpture came to be formalized, this Amida statue is a superb work which is highly acclaimed as a representative work of Jocho.
Japanese: 定朝の風を襲ったいわゆる定朝様（-よう）の作例はやがて形式化に堕していったのに対し、この阿弥陀像は定朝の代表作として推奨するに足る優作である。
English: According to Buddhism, Komokuten (viruupaakSa in Sanskrit) is the Buddha of Tenbu (deities who reside in a heavenly realm, one of six realms in which the souls of living beings transmigrate from one to another).
Japanese: 広目天（こうもくてん）、サンスクリットヴィルーパークシャ(viruupaakSa、毘楼博叉)は仏教における天部の仏。
English: Although original meaning of Virupaksa in Sanskrit was 'the one who has various eyes' or 'the one who has awkward eyes,' such meaning was stretched to 'extraordinary eyes that have particular abilities' and was eventually interpreted as second sight and translated as "komoku (wide eyes)."
Japanese: ヴィルーパークシャとは本来サンスクリット語で「種々の眼をした者」あるいは「不格好な眼をした者」という意味だが、「尋常でない眼、特殊な力を持った眼」さらに千里眼と拡大解釈され、広目と訳された。
English: His figure is depicted in various ways, but in Japan he is generally depicted as a leather-armored warrior of the Tan Dynasty period.
Japanese: その姿には様々な表現があるが、日本では一般に革製の甲冑を身に着けた唐代の武将風の姿で表される。
English: However, most of such figures were created in the Tenpyo period, and since Heian period figures holding items other than the above gradually became more prevalent.
Japanese: しかしこれは主に天平時代のもので、平安時代以後は徐々に別の持物を持つようになった。
English: For example, in the Garbha-mandala of Mikkyo he is depicted as having a red-colored body, with right hand holding Sankogeki (a three-pronged pike) and the left hand clenched and placed on the right side of the waist.
Japanese: 例えば密教の胎蔵界曼荼羅では体色は赤色、右手は三鈷戟を持ち、左手は拳にして右腰に置く姿で描かれる。
English: Originally, he served under the thunder god Indra (Taishakuten), who appears in Indian mythology, but later he was introduced in Buddhism as a guardian deity.
Japanese: 本来はインド神話に登場する雷神インドラ(帝釈天)の配下で、後に仏教に主護神として取り入れられた。
English: As one of the Shitenno that guard the four sides of Mt. Shumisen、which support the world where Buddha resides, he resides in Hakuginta and was believed to guard its west side or Saigokeshu, one of four continents on the earth believed to exist in the ancient Indian view of the world.
Japanese: 仏の住む世界を支える須弥山の4方向を護る四天王の1員として白銀埵（はくぎんた）に住み、西の方角、或いは古代インドの世界観で地球上にあるとされた4つの大陸のうち西牛貨洲（さいごけしゅう）を守護するとされる。
English: The term Sohei means samurai (warriors) with the appearance of priests who were active from the Medieval Period until the early modern ages.
Japanese: 僧兵（そうへい）とは、日本の古代後期から中世、近世初頭にかけて存在した僧形の武者である。
English: Hoshi-musha or armed priests were called Soshu or Akuso in the era when they were active but since the Edo period, they have been called "Sohei."
Japanese: 法師武者あるいは武装した僧侶を僧衆、悪僧と同時代でいうが、それを江戸時代以降の「僧兵」と呼称したことばである。
English: Incidentally, the Chinese character of "悪(aku)" used for the term of 悪僧 (Akuso), like 悪 (aku) used for 悪党 (akuto) means "strong."
Japanese: ちなみに悪僧の「悪」は悪党の悪と同じで「強い」という意味合いである。
English: Their figures were depicted in picture scrolls and their characteristics were cloth covering heads, Takageta (tall wooden clogs) and Naginata (halberd).
Japanese: その風貌は絵巻物などに描かれ、頭を包む布や、高下駄、薙刀などが特徴とされる。
English: As there were Buddhist priests' groups outside of Japan that organized priests into armed groups, such as Suzan Shorin-ji Temple (Mountain Sung Shaolin Temple), the term Sohei sometimes refers to such armed religious groups in broad terms.
Japanese: また、日本以外にも嵩山少林寺のように僧兵として武装集団を組織する仏教僧の集団がおり、広義には武装した宗教集団を指すこともある。
English: During the era when Sohei or Jinin were active, temples and shrines were rich due to holding vast Jiryo (landownership of Buddhist Temples) or Shrine Estates amidst the unstable society and they faced risks of being assailed by various social groups, including groups of robbers.
Japanese: 僧兵や神人が活躍した時代は社会が乱れる一方で、広大な寺領・神領を有して経済的に豊かであった寺社は盗賊のみならず、さまざまな勢力によって狙われる危険性が生じた。
English: For this reason, the need to have military power for defending temples and shrines from such attacks arose.
Japanese: このため、こうした動きから寺社を防衛する武力を保持する必要が出てきた。
English: In this historic context, 'arming of temples and shrines,' although it seemingly sounds contradictory, was in fact promoted.
Japanese: このような時代背景のもとに一見矛盾するように見える「寺院・神社の武装化」が推進される事になった。
English: During the late Heian period, Sohei became powerful armed groups with their stronghold including at Kofuku-ji Temple, Enryaku-ji Temple, Onjo-ji Temple and Todai-ji Temple and were repeatedly involved in power struggles among temples or in acts of menace to the imperial court and Sekke (line of regents and advisers).
Japanese: 平安時代末期には強大な武力集団となり、興福寺・延暦寺・園城寺、東大寺などの寺院を拠点として、寺院同士の勢力争いや、朝廷や摂家に対して強訴をくりかえした。
English: Sohei belonging to Kofuku-ji Temple (Nanto, southern capital) and Enryaku-ji Temple (Hokurei) were specifically called Shuto (Nara-hoshi) and Yama-hoshi respectively.
Japanese: 特に、興福寺（南都）は衆徒（奈良法師）、延暦寺（北嶺）は山法師と呼ばれた。
English: Emperor Shirakawa cited 'water of the Kamo River (flow of Kamo-gawa River), cast of sugoroku and Yama-hoshi (Mt. Hiei)' as being beyond his control and from this anecdote, it can be guessed that the high-handedness of the Sohei was a worry for the imperial court.
Japanese: 白河天皇は、自分の意のままにならないものとして「賀茂川の水（鴨川の流れ）・双六の賽（の目）・山法師（比叡山）」を挙げているおり、僧兵の横暴が朝廷の不安要素であったことがうかがえる。
English: Even in regions far from the center of Japan, some dominant temples and shrines exerted a big influence on the power balance in those days with holding military power or by joining forces with the local militia.
Japanese: 中央から離れた地域でも有力寺社は軍事力を持ったり地元軍事力と結びつき、当時のパワーバランスに大きな影響を及ぼしていた。
English: It is well- known that during Jisho-Juei War, both sides made political deals with Kumano Gongen Deity that presided over Kumano Suigun Navy.
Japanese: 治承・寿永の乱の時には熊野水軍を取り仕切っていた熊野権現にたいし双方から政治的な取引がなされた例などが著名である。
English: In the Muromachi period, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, who was formerly known by Gien and had once been a temple head priest of the Tendai sect, was familiar with the military power and high-handedness of Sohei to conduct massive military operations in order to crack down on Enryaku-ji Temple (Nobunaga conducted similar operations later).
Japanese: 室町時代に、かつて義円と名乗り天台座主だった足利義教が、僧兵の軍事力と粗暴さを熟知しているため、延暦寺討伐に動き出して大規模の弾圧を実施した（後年の信長も同様のことをやっている）。
English: Negoro-ji Temple; it was well-known for its mighty harquebus corps including Kazunaga TSUDA, the founder of Tsuda school of gunnery.
Japanese: 根来寺・・・津田流砲術の開祖・津田算長をはじめ、強力な火縄銃隊で知られる。
English: Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple; it boasted overwhelming influential power as well as military power through Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers) which was fought by, instead of its own Sohei group, believers called up from every region of the country (many of them were indigenous persons and ordinary people), but eventually it suffered devastating defeat in the Ishiyama War and lost its military power.
Japanese: 石山本願寺・・・独自の僧兵集団ではなく、各地の門徒（多くは国人や庶民）を動員した一向一揆を通じて絶大な影響力・軍事力を誇ったが、石山合戦に敗れ壊滅、軍事力を喪失した。
English: It was rebuilt as the line of the feudal lord but was split from that of the Shinto priest.
Japanese: 大名家としては江戸時代に再興したが、神官家とは分かれることになった。
English: Since all temples and shrines mentioned above had either lost their military power or had been divided, their religious powers had been separated from the military powers by the Edo period.
Japanese: いずれも江戸時代までには軍事力を喪失するか、分割されるなどして宗教と軍事力が切り離されている。
English: Rinno-ji Temple on Mt. Nikko; it held many Sohei and was one of the leading armed groups in Shimotsuke Province.
Japanese: 日光山輪王寺・・・多数の僧兵を抱え、下野国でも有数の武装勢力になる。
English: Because it joined forces with the Gohojo clan, it was oppressed by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI to be forfeited its Jiryo, then declined.
Japanese: 後北条氏に荷担したため、豊臣秀吉により弾圧され、寺領を没収され衰退。
English: In 1585, it accepted the disarmament request made by Hidenaga TOYOTOMI when he came to Yamato Province and surrendered weapons.
Japanese: 天正13年（1585年）、大和国に入国した豊臣秀長の武装解除要求に応じ、武具を供出。
English: Heisen-ji Temple Hakusan-jinja Shrine; as the branch temple of Enryaku-ji Temple, it held eight thousand Sohei and extended its power to Echizen Province.
Japanese: 平泉寺白山神社・・・延暦寺末寺として、最盛期には8千人の僧兵を抱えて越前国に勢力を伸ばす。
English: Rokudo is a Buddhist term and it means six posthumous worlds to which the souls of the dead transmigrate.
Japanese: 六道（りくどう、ろくどう）は、仏教用語で、死後に転生するという6種類の世界のことである。
English: According to Buddhism, it is believed that stray lives that came in to the world will transmigrate after death to one of six posthumous world depending on the crimes they committed while alive and repeat life and death in each of the Rokudo where they transmigrated (Rokudo-rinne, Rebirth in the Six Worlds).
Japanese: 仏教においては、この世に生を受けた迷いのある生命は死後、生前の罪により6種類の世界のいずれかに転生し、これら六道で生死を繰り返すと言う（六道輪廻）。
English: Based on the principle that all things are in flux and nothing is permanent, it is believed that lives are destined to die out eventually and transmigrate to another world (or the same world) regardless of the world to which they transmigrated.
Japanese: 諸行無常の原則により、どの世界に生まれ変わろうとも何時かは死に絶え、別の世界（或いは同一世界）へ転生する宿命とされる。
English: Under the world view of Shumisen (Mt. Sumeru), the six worlds mentioned above are sometimes understood as space.
Japanese: 上記6種の世界は、須弥山世界観等においてはしばしば空間的領域として捉えられる。
English: Those lives that deviated from the road of the wheel of life, such as Tengu (braggart), are commonly called Gedo (Maen).
Japanese: なお一部には、天狗など、この輪廻の道から外れたものを俗に外道（魔縁）という。
English: the circle in the middle represents wrath (symbolized by snakes) that is the cause of pain, folly (pigs) that represents ignorance and greed (birds)
Japanese: 真ん中の円-苦しみの因なる怒り(蛇が象徴)と無知たる愚かさ(豚)と貪欲さ(鳥)