nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Masamoto HOSOKAWA, who had been extremely domineering, was assassinated by Motonaga KOZAI, Nagatada YAKUSHIJI and so on (Eisho Disturbance in 1507).
Japanese: 専横を振るった細川政元も香西元長・薬師寺長忠らに暗殺された（1507年永正の錯乱）。
English: The Hosokawa clan was also split into two factions, one for Sumimoto HOSOKAWA and the other for Takakuni HOSOKAWA and they quarreled with each other (Sumiyuki was killed by Takakuni.)
Japanese: 細川家もまた細川澄元、細川高国と2派に分かれて抗争することとなった（澄之は高国に討たれた）。
English: Taking advantage of such a situation, Yoshioki OUCHI of the Suo Province came up to the capital accompanied by the former seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians"), Yoshitane ASHIKAGA (former Yoshiki ASHIKAGA, and later changed again to Yoshitane ASHIKAGA) in 1509.
Japanese: この間隙を突いて1509年に周防国の大内義興が前征夷大将軍・足利義稙（元の足利義材、後に足利義稙と再度改名）を奉じて上京した。
English: Although Sumimoto moved between Kyo and Shikoku several times, he could not take back power and died in Awa in 1520.
Japanese: 澄元は何度か京と四国を往復するが結果的には権力を奪えず1520年に阿波で没した。
English: In 1521, Takakuni HOSOKAWA ousted Yoshitane ASHIKAGA and received Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA (a son of Yoshizumi ASHIKAGA) as shogun.
Japanese: 1521年細川高国、足利義稙を追放し足利義晴（足利義澄の子）を将軍に迎える。
English: In 1526, a battle started between Kataharu YANAGIMOTO, who was accompanied by Harumoto HOSOKAWA (a son of Sumimoto), Yoshitsuna ASHIKAGA, and Takakuni HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 1526年細川晴元（澄元の子）・足利義維を奉ずる柳本賢治と細川高国の戦いが始まる。
English: In 1531, Muramune URAGAMI of Harima and Takakuni HOSOKAWA died in the battle at Tennoji and Harumoto HOSOKAWA took power.
Japanese: 1531年播磨の浦上村宗と細川高国が天王寺に戦死、細川晴元が政権を握る
English: As seen in the above descriptions, the power holder was shifted from the Ashikaga clan to Hosokawa Keicho family (kanrei-ke (families in the position of the shogunal deputy)) and then to the Miyoshi clan.
Japanese: 以上で見たように政権掌握者は足利氏から細川氏京兆家(管領家)に移り、続いて三好氏が政権を握った。
English: However, as the Miyoshi clan, which was an indirect vassal of the Hosokawa clan, was a mere gozoku in Awa-Muya, it could not normally obtain authority to control the administration.
Japanese: 細川氏内臣の三好氏にいたっては阿波撫養の豪族というだけで本来なら政権を執れるはずはない。
English: In fact, at around this time, Shingen TAKEDA, Kenshin UESUGI, Ujiyasu HOJO, Yoshishige OTOMO, Takahisa SHIMAZU and so on, who were commonly referred to as sengoku daimyo by people in contemporary Japan, started their energetic activities, and disturbances gained momentum all over Japan.
Japanese: 実際、この前後から現代日本人が俗に戦国大名と呼んで親しんでいる武田信玄、上杉謙信、北条氏康、大友義鎮、島津貴久などの華々しい活躍が始まり全国の戦国騒乱が本格化する。
English: Backed up with powerful military force with which the Kinki province and surrounding areas were conquered, Nagayoshi MITYOSHI ousted the Ashikaga clan.
Japanese: 三好長慶は近畿周辺を制圧した強大な軍事力をバックとして足利氏を追放する。
English: Because the legitimacy of the government by the Miyoshi clan was low, reactions by gozoku in the vicinity were prompted and it yielded to Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA after four years.
Japanese: しかし三好政権の正当性が弱かったために周辺豪族の反発を招き、結局4年で足利義輝に屈服することとなる。
English: After Nagayoshi MIYOSHI's death, the government by the Miyoshi clan strayed and easily abandoned Kyo to Nobunaga ODA who succeeded with the support of Hisahide MATSUNAGA, Kofuku-ji Temple, Nagamasa AZAI, and so on.
Japanese: 三好長慶の死後は三好政権は迷走し、松永久秀・興福寺・浅井長政らの協力を取り付けた織田信長に簡単に京を明け渡す。
English: In 1568, the situation of the Sengoku Period was completely changed by the marching into Kyoto by Nobunaga ODA of the Owari Province accompanying Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA.
Japanese: 1568年、尾張国の織田信長が足利義昭を奉じて上洛したことにより、戦国時代の状況が一変する。
English: After entering Kyo, the first thing he did was to make commercial towns such as Otsu, Sakai, and Yamazaki his directly controlled areas.
Japanese: 彼が入京して最初にしたことは大津・堺・山崎など商業都市を直轄地としたことである。
English: He also carried out administration of Kyoto as seen in the fact that, in 1568, he gave permission to Luis Frois to live and be engaged in missionary work in Kyoto.
Japanese: また、イエズス会のルイス・フロイスに京都居住・布教を許している（1568年）など京都統治も行っている。
English: Around this time, in relation to Nobunaga's movements, each region started to move toward unification.
Japanese: このころになると、信長の動きに関連して各地方も統一への道を歩み始める。
English: Under the leadership of shogun Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, anti-Nobunaga forces such as Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, Hieizan (Enryaku-ji Temple), Hongan-ji Temple, Shingen TAKEDA, Kenshin UESUGI, Yoshikage ASAKURA, Nagamasa AZAI, Hisahide MATSUNAGA, Miyoshi sanninshu, and Terumoto MORI gathered together and established encircling formation.
Japanese: 将軍の足利義昭が音頭を取り、比叡山、本願寺、武田信玄、上杉謙信、朝倉義景、浅井長政、松永久秀、三好三人衆、毛利輝元ら反信長派が結集して信長包囲網を築き上げた。
English: Then Hongan-ji Temple, which was afraid of losing their interests, opposed Nobunaga and offered resistance for ten years by mobilizing ikko ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers) all over Japan (Ishiyama War).
Japanese: つづいて自らの利権を失うことを恐れた本願寺も信長に反発、全国の一向一揆を動員して10年間徹底的に抗戦した（石山合戦）。
English: By the time he himself was killed in the Honnoji Incident in 1582, he had conquered the central part of Japan and had virtually accomplished everything up to the verge of unification of the whole country.
Japanese: 自らが本能寺の変で倒れる1582年までには日本中央部を制圧し、天下統一の寸前までを実質的に成し遂げた。
English: His successor, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI promulgated sobuji rei (Peace edicts) unifying whole Japan nominally.
Japanese: 後継者である豊臣秀吉は惣無事令を発布して日本全土を名目的に統一した。
English: In addition, he achieved taiko kenchi (the cadastral surveys conducted by Hideyoshi), katanagari (disarmament of farmers), social status regulation edict, unification of currency, unifying everything in Japan which were different region by region.
Japanese: 更には太閤検地、刀狩、身分統制令、貨幣統一を達成して、これまで各地ばらばらであった日本の全てを一つにまとめた。
English: After Hideyoshi's death, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA won the Battle of Sekigahara, carried out the change of daimyo's territories autocratically, subverted the Toyotomi clan in Osaka no Eki (the Siege of Osaka) and made all daimyo acknowledge and confirm that the Tokugawa clan became the virtual ruler of Japan.
Japanese: 秀吉没後、徳川家康は関ヶ原の戦いに勝利して、諸大名の有無を言わさず配置換えを行い、大坂の役で豊臣氏を滅ぼし、徳川氏一統が日本の実質的支配者とすることを諸大名に徹底確認させた。
English: Execution of Ikkoku Ichijo Rei (Law of One Castle per Province) was a declaration of intention by all daimyo "not to make war."
Japanese: 一国一城令を行うことは「もう戦争はしません」という諸大名の意思表示でもあった。
English: And, then, in the middle stage of the Edo Period after the death of the third shogun, Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, a conversion by the bakufu from a ruling backed with military force to a ruling by a civilian government can be deemed as the end of governance by force.
Japanese: そして江戸時代中期、3代将軍徳川家光が死去した後、幕府の武断政治から文治政治への転換は武力による支配の終焉ともいえる。
English: In rare cases, certain sengoku daimyo were from a low status and such cases are deemed examples of gekokujo (an inverted social order when the lowly reigned over the elite) which was the trend at that time.
Japanese: まれに低身分から戦国大名となった者もおり、当時の風潮だった下克上の例とされることが多い。
English: However, sengoku daimyo was not necessarily a transcendental existence.
Japanese: ただし、戦国大名は、領国内において必ずしも超越的な存在ではなかった。
English: Sengoku daimyo subsisted by support from the relationship formed by kokujin and hikan as vassals.
Japanese: 戦国大名は、家臣である国人・被官層が結成した一揆関係に支えられて存立していたのである。
English: Many of sengoku daimyo in the Tohoku Region were transformed from clans with a long and distinguished history that owned land for generations since the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 東北地方の戦国大名は鎌倉時代から代々土地を所有してきた由緒ある一族が、そのまま戦国大名化したものが多い。
English: An exception was the Kakizaki clan, which announced themselves as the descendants of the Wakasa Takeda clan (in reality, from a merchant?), and it unified small and middle-sized gozoku in the area along the Tsugaru Straits.
Japanese: 例外は若狭武田氏末裔を名乗る（実際は商人出身か？）蠣崎氏で、津軽海峡沿いの中小豪族を統一した。
English: The Tohoku Region was hardly involved in turbulences in the Kanto Region and no trace of influences from political strife in the central part of Japan can be observed.
Japanese: 東北地方は関東の騒乱にほとんど巻き込まれることなく、当然中央の政争の影響もほとんど見られない。
English: With respect to wars, disputes over territories are prominent as seen in sending troops by the Nanbu clan to Senboku and Kazuno since the first half of the fifteenth century (this war over Kazuno continued until around Eiroku Era) and invasion into the Kahoku region by the Date clan.
Japanese: 戦乱といえば、15世紀前半から南部氏が仙北・鹿角に出兵（この鹿角争奪戦は永禄頃まで続く）、伊達氏の河北地方への侵食など領地争いが目立つ。
English: Even the Tohoku Region could not be uneventful as seen by the fact that Sasagawa-kubo and the Shiba clan (governor of Mutsu Province) were subverted.
Japanese: 篠川公方や斯波氏陸奥守家も滅ぼされるなど、東北地方といえど、平穏無事ではなかった。
English: Also, a sprout of gekokujo could be seen in the fact that Tanemune DATE assumed the position of Mutsu shugoshiki (provincial constables of the Mutsu Province) in 1522 over the head of the Osaki clan (in the post of Oshu Tandai (supervisors for the civil government and military affairs in Mutsu Province)) and his son.
Japanese: また、1522年伊達稙宗が奥州探題・大崎氏らを差し置いて陸奥守護職に就くなど下克上の芽は見られる。
English: In 1542, Tanemune DATE and his son began conflicts with respect to the reigns of the family and it developed into a great uprising involving many daimyo in the Ou Region that had blood relationships (Tenbun Turbulence).
Japanese: 1542年には伊達稙宗父子が家督の位置付けを巡って争いを起こし、血縁関係にある奥羽諸大名を巻き込んだ大乱（天文の乱）へ発展した。
English: In the process of this turbulence, Harumune DATE succeeded to firmly establish the system as a sengoku daimyo by reconfirming the contract relationship with kokujin ikki (rising of kokujin) in the run up to other daimyo in the Ou Region.
Japanese: この乱の過程で、伊達晴宗は国人一揆との契約関係を再確認することで、他の奥羽諸大名に先駆けて戦国大名としての体制を確立することに成功した。
English: After that, in various clans such as Ashina, Tamura, Iwaki, Mogami, and Nanbu had struggles with respect to inheritance of the reigns of the family had been transformed into sengoku daimyo through unification of relations between kokujin ikki and daimyo.
Japanese: これ以降、家督の相続を巡って相克のあった蘆名・田村・岩城・最上・南部などの諸家では、国人一揆と大名の契約関係の一元化により戦国大名化を果たした。
English: Each sengoku daimyo formed the central power of influence in each region by being authorized to execute various powers such as "jurisdiction," "demand for military assistance," and "collection of Tansen (tax on rice fields)" by the Muromachi bakufu in place of the existing daimyo and then had their vested interests confirmed by Oshu-shioki (repression of the Oshu region) by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as the new central government.
Japanese: どの戦国大名も従来の大名に替わって室町幕府に「郡検断」「軍勢催促」「段銭徴収」等の諸権力を公認されることで各地域の中心勢力を形成し、そして新しい中央政権たる豊臣秀吉の奥州仕置によって既得権益を追認された。
English: In Kanto, even before the occurrence of the Onin Disturbance in Kyoto, three great uprisings, the Kyotoku Disturbance, Chokyo Disturbance, and Eisho Disturbance, occurred successively and Koga-kubo, the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family that was Kanto Kanrei (shogunal deputy for the Kanto region) and its branch family, the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi family, competed for dominance in a three-cornered struggle.
Japanese: 関東では京都で応仁の乱が起きる以前より、享徳の乱・長享の乱・永正の乱の3つの大乱が立て続けに起こっており、古河公方と関東管領山内上杉家・その庶流の扇谷上杉家が3つ巴になって覇権を争った。
English: Taking advantage of such situations, Moritoki ISE (Soun HOJO) subverted Horikoshi kubo in Izu and Soun's descendants proclaimed themselves the Gohojo clan.
Japanese: その間隙を縫って伊勢盛時（北条早雲）が伊豆の堀越公方を滅ぼし、その子孫が後北条氏を自称した。
English: This Hojo clan and the Uesugi clan struggled for the supreme ruler in Kanto and by the night battle of Kawagoe in 1546, the power of the Uesugi clan declined.
Japanese: この北条氏と上杉氏が関東の覇者を巡って戦い、1546年河越夜戦により上杉氏の勢力が衰えた。
English: The Yamanouchi-Uesugi clan was ousted from Kozuke and asked for help from Kagetora NAGAO (later, Kenshin UESUGI) and therefore the Hojo clan and the Nagao clan (later, inherited the Uesugi clan) struggled for Kanto.
Japanese: 山内上杉氏が上野を追われ上杉謙信（後の上杉謙信）を頼ったことから北条氏と長尾氏（のちに上杉氏を継ぐ）とが関東を巡って争った。
English: Kenshin UESUGI, who inherited Kanto Kanrei once sieged the Odawara-jo Castle, the residential castle of the Hojo clan, but he could not occupy it.
Japanese: 関東管領を継承した上杉謙信は一時は北条氏の居城小田原城を攻囲するも奪えなかった。
English: This struggle between the Uesugi clan and the Hojo clan divided gozoku the whole of Kanto into two groups causing battles such as the Battle of Konodai between Ujiyasu HOJO and Yoshitaka SATOMI (UESUGI SIDE).
Japanese: この上杉氏・北条氏の争いは全関東の諸豪族を二分して、北条氏康と里見義堯（上杉陣営）による国府台合戦などの戦いを惹き起こした。
English: In 1579, as Kenshin UESUGI died, the Satake clan in Hitachi, the Satomi clan In Awa and so on resisted against invasion by the Hojo clan but they could not prevent expansion of influential power of the Hojo clan.
Japanese: 1579年、上杉謙信が死ぬと常陸の佐竹氏、安房の里見氏などが北条氏の侵攻に抵抗したが、北条氏の勢力拡大を抑えることができなかった。
English: In addition, Yoshishige SATAKE (the eighteenth family head) was forced by the Date clan, that had been expanding its governance in Oshu, to fight both in the north and south sides.
Japanese: 更に奥州支配を進める伊達氏によって佐竹義重(十八代当主)は南北両方面での戦いを余儀なくされた。
English: Later, when Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI issued sobuji rei (peace edicts), Uji masa HOJO resisted in alliance with Masamune DATE in Oshu and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA in Mikawa.
Japanese: やがて、豊臣秀吉が惣無事令を発すると、北条氏政は奥州の伊達政宗・三河の徳川家康と同盟して対抗する。
English: However, the Hojo clan surrendered to the armed forces of Toyotomi that came both from the sea and the mountains with abundant military force.
Japanese: しかし圧倒的な武力で海から山から迫り来る豊臣軍の前に北条氏は降伏した。
English: Later, in the process from the Toyotomi government until the formation of the Edo bakufu, old powers such as the Satake clan and Satomi clan, disappeared from Kanto by relocation or being deprived of their territory.
Japanese: その後、豊臣政権から江戸幕府成立の過程において、佐竹氏や里見氏などの旧来の勢力は転封あるいは改易によって関東の地から姿を消す事になる。
English: In Kai and Shinano Provinces, the power of shugo had been weakened and influential kokujin made their own territory their base.
Japanese: 甲斐国・信濃国では守護権力が弱体化し有力国人が割拠する状態となっていた。
English: In the Kai Province, the Takeda clan, that were descended from Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan in Kai) took sides with Zenshu UESUGI's disturbance and fell down, and struggled with situations until the sengoku period.
Japanese: 甲斐国では甲斐源氏の流れを汲む武田氏が上杉禅秀の乱に荷担して没落し戦国時代に至るまで抗争状態が続いていた。
English: In Shinano, kokujin ryoshu made their own territory their base such as the Ogasawara clan in Fukashi (current Matsumoto region), the Murakami and Takanashi clans in the northern Shinano, the Kiso clan in Kiso, the Suwa clan in Suwa and the Unno clan in the eastern Shinano.
Japanese: 信濃は深志（現在の松本地方）に小笠原氏、北信を村上氏・高梨氏、木曾を木曾氏、諏訪を諏訪氏、東信に海野氏など国人領主が割拠していた。
English: Backed up by the alliance of three countries, Kai, Sagami and Suruga, he began to attack Suwa and the Ogasawara clan and Murakami clan were ousted and Shinano became territory of the Takeda clan.
Japanese: 甲相駿三国同盟を背景に諏訪攻略をはじめ、小笠原氏、村上氏らは駆逐され信濃は武田領国化された。
English: Shingen occupied the position of Shinano shugo and repeated confrontation between Kai and Echigo (battles of Kawanakajima) with the Nagao/Uesugi clan in Echigo, that supported gozoku of the northern Shinano.
Japanese: 信玄は信濃守護を兼ね、北信豪族を庇護した越後の長尾・上杉氏との甲越対決（川中島合戦）を繰り広げた。
English: In the late stage of Shingen's time, the strategy was changed from advancing northward to advancing southward and he invaded into Suruga and confronted with the Oda and Tokugawa clans in Owari and Mikawa.
Japanese: 信玄後期には北進から南進へ方策転換し駿河侵攻を行い、尾張、三河の織田・徳川氏と対峙した。
English: In Katsuyori TAKEDA's time, commotion in the territory occurred because of the defeat in the Battle of Nagashino and the Takeda clan was ruined by the attack by the allied forces of the Oda and Tokugawa clans and gozoku in Shinano rendered homage and service to the Oda clan.
Japanese: 武田勝頼期には長篠の戦いにおける敗退で領国の動揺を招き、織田・徳川連合軍の侵攻により武田氏は滅亡し、信濃諸族は織田氏に臣従した。
English: When Kai and Shinano became vacant because of the Honnoji Incident (the Raid on the Honno-ji Temple (in 1582, in which Nobunaga ODA was killed)), the Tenshojingo War by the Tokugawa clan and Gohojo clan occurred with respect to the former territory of the Takeda clan and the Tokugawa clan, that won the War, obtained Kai and Shinano.
Japanese: 本能寺の変により空域化すると武田遺領を巡り徳川氏や後北条氏による天正壬午の乱が起こり、甲斐・信濃は乱を制した徳川氏が領した。
English: There were many families which were given important positions under the Tokugawa government as seen in the fact that the Hoshina clan was inherited by Masayuki HOSHINA, who was an illegitimate child of the shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, and the Ogasawara clan was given Buzen Kokura to keep an eye on Kyushu.
Japanese: また、保科氏は将軍徳川秀忠の庶子・保科正之が継ぎ、小笠原氏は豊前小倉藩で九州の押えを任じられるなど徳川政権下では重く用いられている家は多い。
English: The Echigo Province was governed by the Uesugi (Nagao) clan, the Kaga Province by ikko ikki (the uprising of Ikko sect followers), the Noto Province by the Hatakeyama clan, the Echizen Province by the Asakura clan, and the Ecchu Province by the Jinbo clan, Shiina clan and so on.
Japanese: 越後国を上杉（長尾）氏、加賀国を一向一揆、能登国を畠山氏、越前国を朝倉氏、越中国を神保氏、椎名氏らが支配していた。
English: In the Echigo Province, shugodai, the Nagao clan, assumed the real power and gave birth to Kenshin UESUGI and almost took control of the Hokuriku Region by 1576.
Japanese: 越後国では守護代長尾氏が実権を握り、上杉謙信を生み、1576年までに北陸地方をほぼ制圧した。
English: In the Kaga Province, ikko ikki overthrew shugo, the Togashi clan, and established the "Hongan-ji kingdom" and carried out autonomous control for a hundred years.
Japanese: 加賀国では一向一揆が守護冨樫氏を滅ぼして「本願寺王国」を形成、100年間の自治を行った。
English: The Jinbo clan in Ecchu allied with ikko ikki, with which the Jinbo clan stood against at first, but they were subjugated by the allied forces of the Uesugi clan in Echigo, the Hatakeyama clan which was shugo and the Noto-Hatakeyama clan.
Japanese: 越中の神保氏は当初敵対していた一向一揆と結んだが、越後上杉氏、守護畠山氏、能登畠山氏の連合軍により征伐された。
English: Even after that, ikko ikki repeated struggles with the Uesugi clan, Asakura clan and so on and, after the Asakura clan was ruined, it controlled Echizen also, but, they were defeated and annihilated by Nobunaga in the Ishiyama War.
Japanese: 一向一揆はその後も上杉氏、朝倉氏などと抗争を繰り返し、朝倉氏滅亡後は越前をも支配するが、織田信長との石山戦争に敗れ、殲滅された。
English: The Asakura clan in Echizen was at the height of its prosperity as it defeated ikko ikki and received nobles from Kyo in Ichijotani, which was the base of the clan.
Japanese: 越前の朝倉氏は一向一揆を退けて本拠の一乗谷に京の貴族を迎えるなど栄華を極めた。
English: Then, the Asakura clan struggled with Nobunaga ODA for tenka (the realm), but it was defeated and ruined in 1573.
Japanese: やがて織田信長と天下を巡って争うが、1573年戦い利あらず滅亡する。
English: In Noto, shugo, the Hatakeyama clan, was annoyed by high-handedness by senior vassals, such as the Yusa clan, Cho clan and so on, and internal conflicts were repeated.
Japanese: 能登は守護の畠山氏が遊佐氏や長氏らの重臣たちの専横に苦しみ、内紛を繰り返した。
English: The Imagawa clan in the Suruga Province, the Shiba clan in the Totomi Province, the Matsudaira clan in the Mikawa Province, the Shiba clan in the Owari province and the Toki clan in the Mino Province governed the whole country as their base respectively.
Japanese: 駿河国に今川氏、遠江国に斯波氏、三河国に松平氏、尾張国も斯波氏、美濃国に土岐氏が一国一円割拠していた。
English: This Shiba clan lost their power as it was defeated by the Asakura clan in the war to recover Echizen and also defeated in political struggle in Kyoto and Totomi was invaded by the Imagawa clan and, in Owari, it became a puppet for shugodai, the Oda clan.
Japanese: この斯波氏が朝倉氏との越前回復戦争に敗れ、京都での政争にも敗れると力を失い、遠江は今川氏の侵攻に任され、尾張は守護代・織田氏の傀儡的存在となる。
English: The Matsudaira clan expanded its territory remarkably under control by Kiyoyasu MATSUDAIRA, but, as Kiyoyasu was killed by a vassal in Moriyama kuzure in 1535, it surrendered to the Imagawa clan.
Japanese: 松平氏は松平清康の時代に版図を雄飛させるが、1535年守山崩れによって清康が家臣に殺されると今川氏の陣門に下った。
English: After forming a tripartite alliance with the Takeda clan in the Kai Province and the Hojo clan in Kanto (Zentokuji no kaimei (literally, meeting for alliance in Zentoku-ji temple)), it proceeded westward.
Japanese: 甲斐国の武田氏・関東の北条氏と三国同盟（善徳寺の会盟）を結ぶとさらに西進した。
English: When it sent troops to Owari to attack the Oda clan, however, Yoshimoto was killed in the Battle of Okehazama and the Imagawa clan declined.
Japanese: しかし、織田氏を攻めるため尾張に出兵したところ、桶狭間の戦いで義元が戦死し、今川氏は衰えた。
English: With respect to the Toki clan in Mino, internal conflict was developed and Dosan SAITO took advantage of the situation and exiled his master and became the lord of the Mino Province.
Japanese: 美濃の土岐氏は内部争いが展開され、その隙を突いて主君を追放して美濃国主となったのが斎藤道三である。
English: With respect to Owari, Nobunaga ODA from koribugyo (a magistrate of a county) of shimo shugodai (deputy of shugo (provincial constable) for shimo yongun (literally, four gun in lower Owari)) became the lord of Owari by taking advantage of internal conflict between kami and shimo shugodai.
Japanese: 尾張は下守護代の郡奉行出身の織田信長が上下両守護代の内紛に乗じて尾張国主に収まる。
English: Then, he commenced attacking Mino and, after obtaining Mino by a spending five-year period, placed his base in the Inabayama-jo Castle and started to take part in administration of state.
Japanese: そして、美濃攻略に着手、5年の歳月をかけて美濃を奪うと稲葉山城に本拠を置いて天下の経営に乗り出した。
English: On the other hand, Motoyasu MATSUDAIRA in Mikawa, while supporting Nobunaga ODA's battles with his own troops, subjugated Mikawa and Totomi and changed his name to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: 一方、三河の松平元康は織田信長の攻略戦に手勢を率いて支援を行いながら三河・遠江の平定を進めて名を徳川家康と改名した。
English: Although the Takeda clan in Kai ruined the Imagawa clan and defeated troops of Tokugawa and Oda in the battle of Mikatagahara, its westward advance was stopped because of Shingen's death.
Japanese: 甲斐の武田氏が今川氏を滅ぼし1573年に三方ヶ原の戦いで徳川、織田両軍を撃破するも信玄の死で武田軍の西進が頓挫した。
English: When troops of Oda and Tokugawa defeated the troops of Takeda in the Battle of Nagashino in 1575 thanks to the power of guns, the troops of Tokugawa obtained Totomi and Suruga, which were territories of Takeda, in 1582.
Japanese: 1575年長篠の戦いに織田、徳川軍が鉄砲の力を利用して武田軍を破ると1582年徳川軍は武田領の遠江、駿河を得た。
English: After Nobunaga ODA was killed in the Honnoji Incident, the troops of Tokugawa invaded Koshin, which were territories of Oda, and put them under its control.
Japanese: 本能寺の変で織田信長が死ぬと織田領である甲信に侵攻し、勢力下においた。
English: In 1590, after whole country was conquered by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Ieyasu was ordered by Hideyoshi to move to Kanto and Ieyasu took Edo in Musashi for his base.
Japanese: 1590年、豊臣秀吉により天下が定まると、秀吉より関東移封を命ぜられたため家康は武蔵の江戸を本拠とした。
English: Later, Ieyasu won the Battle of Sekigahara, which occurred after Hideyoshi's death, and opened the Edo bakufu.
Japanese: やがて家康は秀吉の死後に発生した関ヶ原の合戦の勝者となって江戸幕府を開く事になる。
English: In the early stage in the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara), struggles between the family of Ashikaga shogun and kanrei, the Hosokawa clan were repeated.
Japanese: 初期の畿内においては足利将軍家と管領の細川氏との抗争が繰り広げられた。
English: However, it seems that these struggles were caused by the local power mainly consisting of the Ouchi clan that used the Ashikaga clan to interfere with political affairs in the central government.
Japanese: ただし、この抗争は大内氏などを主体とする地方勢力が足利氏を利用して中央介入を試みた側面が強い。
English: When the Hosokawa clan was weakened because of an internal struggle of power, the Rokkaku clan in Omi Province increased its interference under the pretext of assistance to the Ashikaga clan.
Japanese: 細川氏が内部の権力闘争により弱体化すると、足利氏を補佐するという名目で、近江国の六角氏による介入が強まった。
English: In Omi, the Kyogoku clan in Kitaomi (northern Omi), which was a branch family of the Sasaki clan and the Rokkaku clan in Minamiomi (southern Omi) contended for majesty.
Japanese: 近江においては、佐々木氏の分家である北近江の京極氏と南近江の六角氏が覇を競った。
English: The Kyogoku clan was robbed of real power by the Aｚai clan, that was a kokujin under its Kyogoku's control and then struggles between the Aｚai clan and the Rokkaku clan continued.
Japanese: 京極氏は支配下にあった国人の浅井氏によって実権を奪われ、以後は浅井氏と六角氏の争いが続いた。
English: Basically, in each country, there were many cases in which shugo daimyo that was appointed by the Muromachi bakufu were transformed into sengoku daimyo.
Japanese: 基本的には各国とも室町幕府の定めた守護大名が、そのまま戦国大名化したケースが多い。
English: As their position was maintained with support by kokujin, their standpoint was a very weak one.
Japanese: 彼らは国人の推戴によってその地位が保たれたから、非常に弱い立場でしかなかった。
English: The Hatakeyama clan in the Kawachi Province, the Yamana clan in the Tajima Province, the Isshiki clan in the Tango Province, the Takeda clan in the Wakasa Province and so on survived toughly through the Sengoku Period although they experienced the risk of being robbed of their territory by various powers surrounding them or they were annoyed with internal struggle between vassals.
Japanese: 河内国の畠山氏、但馬国の山名氏、丹後国の一色氏、若狭国の武田氏などは周辺の諸勢力に国を奪われかけたり家臣の内紛に悩まされながら、しぶとく戦国時代を生き抜いた。
English: In the Kii Province, the power of temples and shrines, such as Koyasan, Negoro-ji Temple, Kumano Sanzan (three major shrines, Kumano-Hongu-Taisha Shrine, Kumano-Hayatama-Taisha Shrine and Kumano-Nachi-Taisha Shrine) and so on, was strong and power to control shugo, the Hatakeyama clan, was limited.
Japanese: 紀伊国では高野山・根来寺・熊野三山などの寺社勢力の力が強く、守護畠山氏の支配力は限定的だった。