nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The plan to reform the court proceded gradually, beginning on January 25, 1747, with Kaneyoshi passing the position of Kanpaku to his son, Michika, who was serving as Nairan, and being promoted to Daijo-daijin, and when Emperor Sakuramachi abdicated in favor of Emperor Momozono and started a cloistered government six months later, the entry of Kaneyoshi's daughter, Tomiko, to the court was decided quickly (though it actually happened in November 1755, after Kaneyoshi died).
Japanese: この動きは延享3年12月15日_(旧暦)（1747年1月25日）に兼香がこれまで内覧を務めてきた息子・道香に関白を譲って太政大臣に昇進し、半年後に桜町天皇が桃園天皇に譲位して院政を開始すると、早くも兼香の娘・富子の入内が決定（実施は兼香没後の宝暦5年（1755年）11月）され、官制改革の構想も徐々に進めていく事になる。
English: However, after the Retired Emperor Sakuramachi died suddenly at a young age of thirty one years old on May 28, 1750, Kaneyoshi came under a hail of criticism for his long-time leadership of the court.
Japanese: だが、寛延3年4月23日(旧暦)（1750年5月28日）桜町上皇が31歳の若さで急死すると、兼香の長年の宮廷主導に対する風当たりが一気に強まった。
English: On October 23 in the same year, Michika, who was Emperor Momozono's Sessho, or Regent, introduced the full-scale reform 'Kani Gojyo' (Imperial decision on official ranks) proposed by the late Retired Emperor and Kaneyoshi, in accordance with the Retired Emperor's final wishes.
Japanese: その年の9月24日_(旧暦)、故上皇と兼香による本格的な改革案「官位御定」が上皇の遺詔として桃園天皇の摂政である道香によって発表された。
English: This limited the number of jiju (Chamberlains) and members of the Konoefu (the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards), prohibited adopted children of an underage Emperor from becoming heads of temples, and imposed strict regulations on promoting officials from the jigenin, a low rank of ancient Japanese nobility below the Tosho-ke (relatively high ranking hereditary nobles), who had reached the position of Shodaibu (aristocracy lower than Kugyo).
Japanese: これは侍従と近衛府における定員の制限、成人前の天皇の猶子門跡の禁止、堂上家以下地下人の諸大夫に至るまで官人の官位昇進に厳しい規定を課した。
English: In addition, by suspending apppointments of Shikan (Shinto priest) at temples, official ranks for Shodaibu of monzeki (successor of a temple), and names for bokan (top priests) at monzeki temples (where priests of noble or imperial lineage lived) and at both Higashi and Nishi Hongan-ji Temples, which until now the Court hadn't concerned itself with, the reforms proposed changing the fundamental structure of the kuge, which tended to be very formal.
Japanese: 更にこれまで朝廷が手を付けてこなかった諸社の祠官の任官・門跡の諸大夫の官位・門跡寺院や両本願寺などの坊官の呼称を停止する事など形式的に流されがちであった公家官位の仕組みを根本的に改めるものであった。
English: The fact that the Retired Emperor and Kaneyoshi had made this important decision without telling other Sekkan-ke, buke tenso (liaison officers between the imperial court and the bakufu), or the Edo bakufu itself created a disturbance within and outside of the court.
Japanese: この重大決定が他の摂関家や武家伝奏、更には江戸幕府にも知らせずに上皇と兼香によって決められていた事に内外は騒然とした。
English: In particular, the heads of three Sekkan-ke families, Uchisaki KONOE (Sadaijin, twenty-two years old), Munemoto NIJO (Udaijin, twenty-four years old), Naozane KUJO (Naidaijin and Sakone no daisho, thirty-four years old) were extremely furious.
Japanese: 特に近衛内前（左大臣・23歳）・二条宗基（右大臣・24歳）・九条尚実（内大臣兼左近衛大将・34歳）の摂関家三当主の憤慨は激しかった。
English: Boys at the start of the thirteen-year leadership of the court by Emperor Sakuramachi and Kaneyoshi, upon reaching adulthood they planned to gain participation in government affairs in court.
Japanese: 13年にわたって続いた桜町天皇と兼香の宮廷主導が続いている間に幼少であった彼らも成長して朝廷政務への参画を勝ち取ろうと図ったのである。
English: They pressured Ieko NIJO (also known as Seikimonin), a nyogo of Emperor Sakuramachi, and the bakufu to act.
Japanese: 彼らは桜町天皇の女御であった二条舎子（青綺門院）や幕府を動かして圧力をかけた。
English: Also, buke tenso Kanetane HIROHASHI and Mitsutsuna YANAGIHARA, who were worried about conflict against the bakufu, attempted to persuade young Michika.
Japanese: また、幕府との対立を危惧する武家伝奏（広橋兼胤・柳原光綱）も若い道香を説得した。
English: As a result, on January 24, 1751, Michika, yielding to the pressure, virtually withdrew 'Kani Gojyo' ('Kani Gojyo' itself was accepted, but the most important items, such as suspending appointments of Shikan at shrines, official ranks for Shodaibu of monzeki, and names for boukan at monzeki temples and both Higashi and Nishi Hongan-ji Temples, were dropped).
Japanese: その結果、12月27日(旧暦)に道香はその圧力に屈して「官位御定」の事実上の白紙撤回（「官位御定」そのものは認められたものの、最重要項目とされていた諸社の祠官の任官・門跡の諸大夫の官位・坊官の呼称の廃止が撤回されてしまった）に至ったのである。
English: After resigning from the position of Daijo-daijin, he was given the honorary rank of Jusangu (usually given to the Great Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager, and Empress) for distinguished service, but died soon after at the age of sixty.
Japanese: 太政大臣を辞した兼香には前代の功労者として准三宮が与えられるが、間もなく60歳で病没した。
English: Kaneyoshi's diary "Kaneyoshi Koki" and its companion volumes (including the collection of his writings "Kyugyokusa" (求玉鈔) and "Tamamo Hiki" (confidential record) that describe how the official rank reform happened) are still in existence.
Japanese: 兼香の日記として『兼香公記』及び同別記（文章集『求玉鈔』、官位改革の経緯を綴った『玉藻秘記』他）が残されている。
English: 1726: He resigned as Sakone no daisho and was made Udaijin (appointed on October 10).
Japanese: 同11年（1726年）　左近衛大将辞任　右大臣（任9月15日_(旧暦)）
English: 1737: He was made Kanpaku on September 23 and Sadaijin on November 28.
Japanese: 元文2年（1737年）　関白左大臣（関白任8月29日(旧暦)・左大臣任11月7日(旧暦)）
English: 1746: He was made Daijo-daijin on April 18 and resigned as Kanpaku on January 25 in the following year.
Japanese: 同3年（1746年）　太政大臣（任2月28日_(旧暦)）　関白辞任（辞12月15日_(旧暦)）
English: 1751: He resigned as Daijo-daijin (on September 18), received Jusangu, and died.
Japanese: 寛延4年（1751年/宝暦元年）　太政大臣辞任（辞7月29日_(旧暦)）　准三宮　死去
English: * For a period of seven days from March 7 (lunar calendar), the position of Naidaijin was assigned to Takayoshi KUSHIGE and Toyotada HIROHATA.
Japanese: ※2月1日_(旧暦)から7日間、櫛笥隆賀・広幡豊忠の2人に内大臣職を譲る。
English: After both of them had served as Naidaijin (the post was passed from Kushige to Hirohata on March 10), Kaneyoshi was reappointed on March 14.
Japanese: 両者が内大臣を務めた（同4日に櫛笥→広幡）後、2月8日_(旧暦)付で内大臣還任。
English: Kozosu (birth date unknown – April 1626) was born into a samurai family and lived from the Azuchi Momoyama period to the early Edo period, becoming the top joro (high ranking female servant) to Kodaiin and later to Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: 孝蔵主（こうぞうす、?-寛永3年（1626年4月）は、高台院付きの筆頭上臈（高級女中）で後に徳川秀忠付き上臈となった安土桃山時代～江戸時代初期の武家女性。
English: Although there are no specific historical documents showing the exact date she started to serve Kitanomandokoro (Kodaiin), it is thought that she was in charge of inner affairs by the time Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI became kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor).
Japanese: 北政所（高台院）に仕え始めた正確な年月は詳しい史料が無く不詳であるが、豊臣秀吉が関白になった頃には奥を取り仕切る責任者となっていたと思われる。
English: In 1590, when Masamune DATE was suspected of treason, Kozosu, as Hideyoshi's representative, delivered the letter asking for an explanation and in 1597, she was in charge of managing Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA's transferal from Chikuzen Province to Echizen Province as punishment for his mistake during the Siege of Ulsan.
Japanese: 天正18年（1590年）には謀反の疑いをもたれた伊達政宗に対し秀吉の代理として詰問の書状を送り、慶長2年（1597年）、蔚山城の戦いにおける小早川秀秋の失態で筑前国から越前国への懲罰的移封を決定した際にも、実務を取り仕切っている。
English: From this, it is believed her authority was on a par with the Gobugyo council of five elders established later by Hideyoshi.
Japanese: これらから考えて、その権限は後の五奉行にも匹敵するほどであったと考えられる。
English: She held such authority at the time that it was said 'external affairs are controlled by Nagamasa ASANO, inner affairs by Kozosu.'
Japanese: この頃には「表のことは浅野長政が、奥のことは孝蔵主が」と言われるほどの権威を持っていた。
English: Hideyoshi died in 1598 and the next year, 1599, Kozosu left Osaka-jo Castle with Kodaiin, moving to Sanbongi in Kyoto (near present-day Gion).
Japanese: 慶長3年（1598年）に秀吉が死去すると翌慶長4年（1599年）高台院と共に大坂城を退去、京の三本木（現在の祇園付近）に移る。
English: However, in 1614, she suddenly left Kodaiin and transferred to Edo (see 'Reasons for leaving Kodaiin').
Japanese: しかし慶長19年（1614年）、突如高台院の元を離れ、江戸に移る（高台院の元を離れた理由）。
English: In October 1625, she received property worth 200 koku in Kawachi province.
Japanese: 寛永2年（1625年）10月には河内国に200石の領地を与えられる。
English: Since Kozosu did not marry during her lifetime and had no children, as a special measure her nephew, Shigetsugu KAWAZOE, became her adopted son and inherited the 200 koku.
Japanese: 一生未婚であった孝蔵主には子供がなかったため、特別に甥・川副重次が養子となり200石を嗣いだ。
English: According to this hypothesis, negotiations between Kodaiin and Ieyasu were conducted through Kozosu and Chaa no Tsubone.
Japanese: この説では孝蔵主と茶阿局を通して高台院と家康の交渉は行われたとする。
English: This hypothesis states that Kozusu was the reason why Mitsunari's second daughter was taken in by Kanetsugu NAOE and married to his nephew's wife's brother, Hanbe Shigemasa OKA (Hideyuki GAMO and Tadasato GAMO's chief retainer and grandfather of Iemitsu TOKUGAWA's concubine, Jishoin) and that she conducted negotiations over the surrender of Otsu-jo Castle during the Battle of Sekigahara.
Japanese: 三成の次女を直江兼続に託し、甥の妻の兄弟である岡半兵衛重政（蒲生秀行・蒲生忠郷の家老、徳川家光側室・自証院の祖父）に嫁がせたのも、関ヶ原合戦時に大津城の開城交渉にあたったのも孝蔵主とする。
English: There is also a hypothesis that states Kozosu was influential in making Yamada Hayato no sho, Mitsunari's eldest daughter's husband, the chief retainer of Tadateru MATSUDAIRA, who was Ieyasu and Chaa no Tsubone's child.
Japanese: また、戦後三成の長女の婿山田隼人正を家康と茶阿局の子である松平忠輝の家老にしたのも孝蔵主の力が大きかったとする説がある。
English: she was accused by Yododono of spying for the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and escaped to Edo because she felt endangered.
Japanese: 淀殿より江戸幕府への内通の疑いをかけられ、身の危険を感じ江戸へ逃亡したという説
English: Like Katsumoto KATAGIRI, she may have been the victim of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's divide and conquer strategy.
Japanese: 片桐且元の例などを見ると徳川家康の離間策の犠牲になったのではと思われる。
English: She officially received the 200 koku from Hidetada in October 1625, which was just after the one year anniversary of Kodaiin's death.
Japanese: ちなみに秀忠からもらった200石を公式に拝領した寛永2年10月は高台院の一周忌明けであった。
English: Uchitsune ICHIJO (August 19, 1291 - November 15, 1325) was a court noble and waka poet in the latter half of Kamakura period.
Japanese: 一条内経（いちじょううちつね、正応4年7月17日(旧暦)（1291年8月12日）-正中(日本)2年10月1日_(旧暦)（1325年11月7日））は、鎌倉時代後期の公卿・歌人。
English: His father was Uchizane ICHIJO, naidaijin (minister of the center), and mother was a younger sister of Uchitsune's father Ietsune ICHIJO by a different mother (i.e., Uchizane's aunt).
Japanese: 父は内大臣一条内実、母は内実の父である一条家経の異母妹（すなわち内実の叔母）。
English: He was so talented as a waka poet that his works were recorded in Chokusen wakashu (Imperial Anthology of Japanese Poetry) after "Gyokuyo Wakasyu" (Jeweled Leaves Collection) as well as "Bunpo Onhyakushu" and "Shoku Genyoshu," but allegedly somewhat untalented as a statesmen.
Japanese: 『玉葉和歌集』以下の勅撰和歌集や『文保御百首』・『続現葉集』などに採録される優れた歌人であったが、政治的な才には乏しかったという。
English: Nevertheless, he rose to Juichii Kanpaku (Junior First Rank, the chief adviser to the Emperor) Toshi choja (head of the Fujiwara clan) in 1318, but died young at the age of 35.
Japanese: それでも文保2年（1318年）には従一位関白・藤氏長者に昇ったが、35歳の若さで病死する。
English: Sanemasa ICHIJO (1196 - May 13, 1228) was a court noble of the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 一条実雅（いちじょうさねまさ、建久7年（1196年）-安貞2年4月1日_(旧暦)（1228年5月6日））は、鎌倉時代初期の公卿。
English: In 1219, while visiting Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine to attend the Seii Taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), MINAMOTO no Sanetomo's inauguration as Minister of the Right, Sanemasa witnessed Sanetomo's assassination.
Japanese: 建保7年（1219年）、鎌倉幕府征夷大将軍源実朝の右大臣就任の鶴岡八幡宮参詣に随従してその暗殺を目にする事になる。
English: After that, with the appointment of Yoritsune KUJO, his elder sister's grandchild, as the next shogun, Sanemasa remained in Kamakura to assist him.
Japanese: その後、姉の孫にあたる九条頼経が次の将軍に決まったためにそのまま鎌倉に滞在してその補佐を行うこととなる。
English: He was appointed as Sangi (councillor) in 1221, and married a daughter of regent Yoshitoki HOJO.
Japanese: 貞応元年（1221年）には参議に任じられ、執権北条義時の娘を妻に迎えた。
English: However, in 1224, following the discovery of the 'Iga Clan War,' a coup to defeat the next regent, Yasutoki HOJO, planned by Mitsumune IGA, brother of Sanemasa's wife's mother, and because Mitsumune's intention to make Sanemasa, his niece's husband, the new shogun on behalf of Yoritsune KUJO at the same time also came to light, Sanemasa was forced to divorce his wife, and then exiled to Echizen Province.
Japanese: ところが、元仁元年（1224年）、妻の母方の伯父である伊賀光宗が政変を起こして次期執権の北条泰時を倒そうとしたいわゆる「伊賀氏の乱」が発覚、その際光宗は自分の姪の婿にあたる実雅を九条頼経に代わる新将軍に立てようとしていたことも発覚、実雅は妻と離別させられた上で越前国に流刑となった。
English: TAIRA no Tokiie (? - June 17, 1193) was a busho (Japanese military commander) and a noble during the late Heian period and early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 平時家（たいらのときいえ、?-建久4年5月10日_(旧暦)（1199年6月5日））は、平安時代末期・鎌倉時代初期の武将・貴族。
English: He was appointed to Rokui Kurodo (a position in the the court chancellery with the Sixth Rank) in 1168, and he continued to move up the ranks as the Taira gained prestige.
Japanese: 仁安(日本)3年（1168年）に六位蔵人に任ぜられ、平家一門の栄華とともに出世を重ねる。
English: In 1176 he was appointed to Ukone no Gon no shosho (Provisional Minor Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards) and Kokushi (governor) of Hoki Province, and the following year he was promoted to Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade).
Japanese: 安元2年（1176年）には右近衛権少将兼伯耆国国司に任ぜられ、翌年には従四位下に昇る。
English: Officially, this was part of the punishment, related to the house arrest of Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa earlier that year, of anti-Taira kuge (court nobles) (known as 'Coup of the Third Year of Jisho'), but the exile took place when the punishment was almost finished, and there was no reason for Tokiie, who was a nephew of TAIRA no Kiyomori's wife, to be involved in such a matter.
Japanese: 表向きはこの年の後白河法皇幽閉に関連した反平家派公家の処罰（「治承三年の政変」）によるものであったが、既に処分がほぼ終わった段階での流刑であり、平清盛の妻の甥である時家がそのような行動に関与する理由もなかった。
English: In fact, Tokiie and Tokiie's stepmother, FUJIWARA no Muneko, who was Tokitada's second lawful wife, were not on good terms, and she took this opportunity to give a slanderous account to her husband, Tokitada, who believed it, as did Kiyomori.
Japanese: 実は時家の継母である時忠の後室・藤原領子が時家と折合いが悪かったためにこの機に乗じて夫に讒言し、父・時忠や清盛もこれを信じたものであった。
English: Tokiie, in exile in Kazusa, found favor with a local prominent samurai, Hirotsune KAZUSA, eventually becoming his son-in-law.
Japanese: 上総に流された時家は地元の有力武士である上総広常に気に入られてその婿になった。
English: In 1182, in response to Hirotsune's recommendation Tokiie decided to serve Yoritomo in Kamakura.
Japanese: 時家も広常の勧めに応じて寿永元年（1182年）に鎌倉に出仕して頼朝に仕えることになった。
English: Even though Tokiie was a member to the Taira family, he found favor with Yoritomo because he was skilled in kemari (a game played by aristocrats in the Heian period), Kangen (gagaku piece without dance) and court manners, and since Tokiie himself also held a grudge because of the earlier incident, he decided to faithfully serve Yoritomo, who should have been his enemy.
Japanese: 平家一門とはいえ蹴鞠や管弦、礼儀にも通じていたことから、頼朝から気に入られ、また時家自身も先の一件から一族に恨みを抱いていたため、本来であれば敵である頼朝に忠節を尽くすことになった。
English: Even though his father-in-law, Hirotsune KAZUSA, was later purged, and the Taira family fell, Yoritomo's trust in Tokiie remained unchanged, and since he held the highest position among the members of Yoritomo's vassals, he was honored by those in the Shogunate, as well as those who were not.
Japanese: 後に義父・上総広常は粛清され、平家も滅亡するが、頼朝からの信頼は変わらず、また頼朝の家臣団では最高位の位階を持つ人物として内外からの尊敬を集めた。
English: He was active as a political adviser during the early Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and it is said that he spent his final years peacefully in Kamakura.
Japanese: 鎌倉幕府初期の政治顧問の一人として活躍し、鎌倉で穏やかな晩年を過ごしたという。
English: Kanemi YOSHIDA (1535 - October 6, 1610) was the ninth head of the Yoshida family (and 25th of the Urabe Clan), a hanke (lowest rank family) of Tosho-ke (the hereditary lineage of Court nobles occupying relatively high ranks) and descended from the Urabe clan.
Japanese: 吉田兼見（よしだかねみ、天文(元号)4年（1535年）-慶長15年8月20日(旧暦)（1610年10月6日））は、堂上家（家格は、半家、卜部氏）である吉田家の9代当主（卜部氏25代）。
English: He was a Shintoist and the Shinto priest of Yoshida-jinja Shrine in Kyoto during the Sengoku period (Period of Warring States), as well as author of "Kanemi Kyoki" (Kanemi's Diary).
Japanese: 戦国時代(日本)の京都の吉田神社神主の神道家で、『兼見卿記』の著者。
English: He was very close to Nobunaga ODA and Mitsuhide AKECHI, and it is said that when Nobunaga burnt down Mt. Hiei, he grew uneasy about burning down Enryaku-ji Temple and visited Kanemi for a consultation.
Japanese: 織田信長や明智光秀と親密であり、比叡山焼き討ちのとき、延暦寺を焼く事に不安を抱いた信長が相談に訪れたとされる。
English: Furthermore, during the Honnoji Incident, it is said that he went to see Mitsuhide AKECHI and received 50 silver coins.
Japanese: また、本能寺の変の時は、明智光秀に会いに行き、銀50枚をもらったという。
English: It is said that Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI later reminded him about this, and he gave the 50 silver coins to Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 後に豊臣秀吉にそのことを指摘され、その銀50枚を秀吉にあげたという。
English: SUGAWARA no Takami (876 - 913) was an government official of the early Heian period.
Japanese: 菅原高視（すがわらのたかみ、貞観(日本)18年（876年）－延喜13年（913年））は、平安時代前期の官人。
English: He became Monjo-tokugosho (Distinguished Scholar of Letters) in 893 and the following year was appointed Kokushi (Governor) of Mikawa Province.
Japanese: 寛平5年（893年）に文章得業生となり、翌年には三河国国司に任官する。
English: Having been promoted to Daigaku no kami (Director of the Bureau of Education) and concurrently Ushoben (Minor Controller of the Right), he was involved in the Shotai Incident and demoted to Kokushi of Tosa Province in 901.
Japanese: その後大学頭兼右少弁となるが、昌泰の変により父に連座して延喜元年（901年）土佐国国司に左遷される。
English: Five years later he came back to Kyoto, returning to the position of Daigaku no kami and reaching Jugoinojo (Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade), but then went through a period of mediocrity until his death at the young age of thirty-eight.
Japanese: 5年後に帰京して大学頭に復して従五位上となるが、以後は振るわず38歳の若さで病死した。
English: Masahide KUSUNOKI (date of birth unknown - 1446) was a busho (Japanese military commander) who lived in the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 楠木正秀（くすのきまさひで、生年不詳-文安3年（1446年））は室町時代の武将。
English: He colluded with the armed warrior priests of Mt. Hiei, Imperial Prince Yasuhito, Koremichi OCHI and Kuniuji HINO, and stole the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family from the Northern Court (Conspiracy of Kinketsu).
Japanese: 比叡山僧兵・泰仁親王・越智維通・日野邦氏らと結託して北朝方から三種の神器を奪う（禁闕の変）。
English: When the enraged Northern Court issued a proscription against Masahide, Mt. Hiei switched sides and allied itself with the Northern Court.
Japanese: 激怒した北朝方から正秀らに朝敵討伐令が出されると、比叡山は北朝方に寝返った。
English: He later raised an army in honor of Imperial Prince Takayoshi and Prince Giyu, but his footholds fell one after another to the massive reinforcement army of 30,000 men from the Muromachi bakufu side led by Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA and Katsumoto HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: その後尊義親王・義有王を奉じ兵を挙げるが、室町幕府方の援軍畠山持国・細川勝元らが率いる3万の大軍に次々と拠点を落とされる。
English: Sadaoki ISE (1559 - July 12, 1582) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Sengoku period and a researcher of Yusoku Kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette).
Japanese: 伊勢貞興（いせさだおき、永禄2年（1559年）－天正10年6月13日(旧暦)（1582年7月2日））は戦国時代(日本)の武将・有職故実の研究家。
English: The Ise clan had originally served as Mandokoro Shitsuji (chief of the Mandokoro, the Administrative Board) of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), but had gone into decline after his grandfather, Sadataka, and his father, Sadayoshi, were defeated and killed in 1563 in conflict with the Miyoshi clan.
Japanese: 伊勢氏は元は室町幕府の政所執事を務めた家柄であるが、祖父の貞孝と父の貞良が永禄6年（1563年）に三好氏との抗争に敗れ戦死して以来、衰退・没落していた。
English: When the last shogun of the Muromachi bakufu, Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, was banished from Kyoto by Nobunaga ODA, effectively detroying the shogunate, Sadaoki served Mitsuhide AKECHI.
Japanese: 最後の将軍足利義昭が織田信長により京より追放され、室町幕府が事実上滅亡すると、貞興は明智光秀に仕えた。
English: He won the confidence of Mitsuhide AKECHI because, despite his youth, he had wisdom and courage, high administrative abilities, and was well-versed in military affairs and Buke-kojitsu.
Japanese: 若いが智勇に優れ、行政能力だけではなく、武家故実に優れるなど軍事にも精通していたために、明智光秀の信任を得た。
English: Under Mitsuhide AKECHI, he played an active role in campaigns such as the capture of Tanba Province and won fame within the Akechi family as a young yet distinguished warrior, comparable to Toshimitsu SAITO.
Japanese: 明智光秀の配下として丹波国攻略やその他の戦役に活躍し、若いが明智家中では斎藤利三と並ぶ戦巧者として名を馳せた。
English: Early in the morning of July 1, 1582, when Mitsuhide AKECHI raided Nobunaga ODA on Honno-ji Temple (in the so-called Honno-ji Incident), Sadaoki ISE led a 2000-strong force in attacking Nobunaga ODA's eldest son, Nobutada ODA, at Nijo-jo Castle and he himself fought hard, wielding his spear.
Japanese: 天正10年6月2日(旧暦)（1582年6月21日）の明朝、明智光秀は織田信長を本能寺に攻めた（所謂、本能寺の変）の際、伊勢貞興は麾下の二千の兵を率いて織田信長の長男、織田信忠を二条城に攻め、自ら槍を振るって奮戦した。
English: In the Battle of Yamasaki that started around noon on July 12, 1582, a staring contest started between the forces of Mitsuhide AKECHI and the forces of Nobutaka ODA (including Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Nagahide NIWA), who were looking to avenge Nobunaga ODA, with fighting finally starting as the sun was beginning to go down.
Japanese: 天正10年6月13日（1582年7月2日）の昼ごろから始まった山崎の戦いでは、明智光秀軍と織田信長の弔い合戦を挑む織田信孝（豊臣秀吉・丹羽長秀など）の軍勢が山崎の地でにらみ合いが始まり、ついに日が傾き始めたころ、合戦が始まった。
English: The opening action saw the 2000-strong force of Sadaoki ISE start to attack Kiyohide NAKAGAWA's 3500-strong company from the army of Nobutaka KANBE.
Japanese: 神戸信孝軍の中川清秀隊3500余に伊勢貞興隊2000余が攻撃を開始したのが最初の激突であった。
English: Ukon TAKAYAMA's troops from Nobutaka KANBE's army saw the disadvantageous situation and tried to help Kiyohide NAKAGAWA's forces.
Japanese: 形勢不利と見た神戸信孝軍の高山右近隊などが中川清秀隊を救援しようとした。
English: Then Toshimitsu SAITO's company from Mitsuhide AKECHI's army interrupted the relief, resulting in a confused battle.
Japanese: これを明智光秀方の斎藤利三隊が横槍を入れたために両軍入り乱れての乱戦となった。
English: One and a half hours after the start of the battle, the difference in strength between the 40000-strong army of Nobutaka KANBE and the 15000-strong army of Mitsuhide AKECHI was clear.
Japanese: しかし、総兵力四万の神戸信孝軍と総兵力一万五千の明智光秀軍という兵力の格差が戦闘開始から1時間半を過ぎるころから顕著となった。
English: Nobutaka KANBE's forces, with about 4000 dead and wounded, did not have any energy left to follow the retreating enemy, putting an end to the Battle of Yamazaki.
Japanese: 神戸信孝軍も4000余の死傷者を出して追撃の余力はなく山崎の戦いは終わった。
English: In the confusion, Sadaoki ISE led the remaining solders as the rear guard to help Mitsuhide AKECHI flee.
Japanese: その乱戦の中で、伊勢貞興は明智光秀の敗走を助けるために残軍を率いて殿軍を引き受けた。
English: Tadachika NAKAYAMA (around 1131 - April 30, 1195) was a court noble who lived in the Heian period, was commonly called Nakayama Naidaijin (Nakayama, the minister of the center) and was the founder of the Nakayama family.
Japanese: 中山忠親（なかやまただちか、天承元年（1131年）頃－建久6年3月12日(旧暦)（1195年4月23日））は平安時代の公卿、通称を中山内大臣といい、中山家の始祖。
English: His wives were FUJIWARA no Mitsufusa's daughter and a daughter of TAIRA no Tokitada, and his children were Kanemune NAKAYAMA, Tadasue NAKAYAMA, Kanesue NAKAYAMA, Tadaaki NAKAYAMA, Shinkaku (親覚), Masaaki (雅明), Kakujo (覚敒), Shinkei and a concubine of Kinfusa SANJO.
Japanese: 室に藤原光房女・平時忠女らがおり、子に中山兼宗・中山忠季・中山兼季・中山忠明・親覚・雅明・覚敒・親慶・三条公房室らがいた。
English: He became Sangi (councilor) in 1164, Gon Chunagon (provisional vice-councilor of state) at Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in 1167 and later, Uemon no kami (Captain of the right division of the outer palace guards) and then Kebiishi no betto (Superintendent of the imperial police).
Japanese: 長寛2年（1164年）参議、仁安(日本)2年（1167年）従三位権中納言、さらに右衛門督・検非違使別当となる。
English: Like his elder brothers, he was intimate with members of the Taira clan and he served TAIRA no Tokuko as Chugu Gon no daibu (provisional master of the consort's household) and later as Kenreimonin no Betto (chief officer serving Kenreimonin).
Japanese: 兄と同様に平氏一門と親しく、平徳子に中宮権大夫・建礼門院別当として仕えた。
English: He also became Innocho-Betto (Chief Administrator of the Retired Emperor's Office) for Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa and his behavior is described in "Gyokuyo" (Kanezane KUJO's diary) as having 'engaged in the ways of etiquette for years and he now receives great praise.'
Japanese: 後白河法皇の院庁別当にも名を連ね、「年来礼儀作法の道を営む、当時頗るその褒（ほまれ）あり」（『玉葉』）と称される。
English: After a coup in 1179, he was appointed to Togu no daibu (Master of the Crown Prince's quarters), replacing his dismissed nephew, Kanemasa KAZANIN.
Japanese: 治承三年の政変では、解官された甥・花山院兼雅に代わって春宮大夫となる。
English: He became Gon Dainagon (provisional chief councilor of state) at Shonii (Senior Second Rank) in early February 1183, but after the Taira clan fled the capital in July of the same year, his rise came to a halt.
Japanese: 寿永2年（1183年）正月に正二位権大納言となるが、同年7月に平氏一門が都落ちした後は昇進が停滞する。