nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: When the Japanese army started their advance to Taipei, the military force of the Republic of Formosa, which was mainly composed of mercenaries, fell apart soon, while, in Tainan, Yung-fu LIU commanded military and private soldiers and voluntary armies were formed in various places throughout Taiwan.
Japanese: しかし日本軍が台北への進軍を開始すると、傭兵を主体として組織された台湾民主国軍は間もなく瓦解、台南では劉永福が軍民を指揮、また各地の民衆も義勇軍を組織して抵抗を継続した.
English: When the Japanese army started their advance to Taipei, the military force of the Republic of Formosa, which was mainly composed of mercenaries, fell apart soon, while, in Tainan, Yung-fu LIU commanded military and private soldiers and voluntary armies were formed in various places throughout Taiwan.
Japanese: しかし日本軍が台北への進軍を開始すると、傭兵を主体として組織された台湾民主国軍は間もなく瓦解、台南では劉永福が軍民を指揮、また各地の民衆も義勇軍を組織して抵抗を継続した。
English: However, as the Japanese army further advanced southward, the Taiwan forces were defeated by the overwhelming military force and weapons of the Japanese army in the late June of the same year.
Japanese: しかし、同年6月下旬、日本軍が南下、圧倒的な兵力・武器の差の前に敗退した。
English: At the end of October, Yung-fu LIU fled to the continent and the Japanese army occupied Tainan, which events marked the collapse of the Republic of Formosa.
Japanese: 10月下旬に劉永福が大陸に逃亡、日本軍が台南を占領したことで台湾民主国は崩壊した。
English: The people, whether military or civilian, killed in the war amounted to 14,000 in numbers (Taiwan History Dictionary).
Japanese: 台湾軍民で戦死又は殺害された者は14,000人（『台湾史小事典』）に及んだ。
English: After the collapse of the Republic of Formosa, Sukenori KABAYAMA, then-Governor-General of Taiwan, reported the suppression of the entire Taiwan to the Imperial headquarters in Tokyo in November 8, 1895 and the Japanese rule of Taiwan started.
Japanese: 台湾民主国の崩壊後、台湾総督樺山資紀は1895年11月8日に東京の大本営に対し台湾全島の鎮圧を報告、日本による台湾統治が開始された。
English: In December, however, the anti-Japanese movements led by the volunteer forces of the Qing dynasty started in northern Taiwan in the form of an extension of the armed resistance of the Republic of Formosa.
Japanese: しかし12月には台湾北部で清朝の郷勇が台湾民主国の延長としての抗日運動を開始した。
English: In 1902, the anti-Japanese movements by the Han Chinese were put down and the weapons owned by civilians were confiscated.
Japanese: 1902年になると漢人による抗日運動は制圧され、民間が所有する武器は没収された。
English: According to one bit of research, the number of people killed in the war or killed after arrested was approximately 10,000 (Illustrated History of Taiwan).
Japanese: これらの抗日運動で戦死又は逮捕殺害された者は1万人余り（図解台湾史）との説もある。
English: Gentaro KODAMA, who was Governor-General then, used the dual policy of the active suppression and the improvement of public livelihood, so most of the people in Taiwan chose the watch and wait attitude for these anti-Japanese movements.
Japanese: この時期の総統である児玉源太郎は鎮圧を前面に出した高圧的な統治と、民生政策を充実させる硬軟折衷政策を実施し、一般民衆は抗日活動を傍観するに留まった。
English: The anti-Japanese movement in the early days of the Japanese rule aimed at gaining control of Taiwan and coming under the jurisdiction of the Qing dynasty and it could be regarded as the armed resistance occurred in the connection with the Qing dynasty rather than the one happened due to heightened nationalism.
Japanese: 日本統治前期の抗日活動は台湾を制圧し清朝への帰属を目指すものであり、台湾人としての民族自覚より清朝との関係の中で発生した武装闘争であると言える。
English: Though armed resistance against Japan was suppressed, a total of thirteen armed resistance attempts occurred from the Beipu Incident in 1907 to the Xilaian Incident in 1915.
Japanese: 一旦は平定された抗日武装運動であるが、1907年に北埔事件が発生すると1915年の西来庵事件までの間に13件の抗日武装運動が発生した。
English: These uprisings were relatively small in scale except for the last Xilaian Incident and conspirators were arrested before the planned uprisings could even take place.
Japanese: 規模としては最後の西来庵事件以外は小規模、または蜂起以前に逮捕されている。
English: Of them, eleven uprisings occurred after the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, and some anti-Japanese movements were strongly influenced by the Revolution and four of them declared that Taiwan would belong to China.
Japanese: そのうち11件は1911年の辛亥革命の後に発生し、そのうち辛亥革命の影響を強く受けた抗日運動もあり、4件の事件では中国に帰属すると宣言している。
English: On October 27, 1930, a group of more than 300 people from six villages, led by the Seediq Rudao MONA, assaulted the athletic festival held at an elementary school to kill about 140 Japanese in Wuche, 能高郡, Taichung Prefecture (present-day Ren-ai, Nantou County).
Japanese: これは1930年10月27日に台中州能高郡霧社（現在の南投県仁愛郷）でサイディック族の大頭目莫那魯道が6部落の300余人の族人を率いた反日武装事件であり、小学校で開催されていた運動会会場に乱入し日本人約140人を殺害した。
English: The Sotoku-fu decided to retaliate against the tribe after the Incident and developed a subjugation campaign using the military force in cooperation with the rival tribes for two months, as a result of which military campaign 700 Seediq were killed in fighting or committed suicides and 500 people surrendered.
Japanese: 事件発生後総督府は原住民への討伐を決定、軍隊出動による討伐作戦を2ヶ月にわたって展開し、対立部族の協力も得た鎮圧作戦の結果700人ほどの抗日サイディック族が死亡もしくは自殺、500人ほどが投降した。
English: About 300 survivors were forced to relocate to Chingliu (Kawanakajima) Village, which event marked the end of the Wushe Atayal.
Japanese: その後生き残った約300人は川中島に移され、霧社タイヤル族は消滅した。
English: The economy of Taiwan under Japanese rule was a colonial economy, which means that Japan used the resources and labors of Taiwan for the domestic development of mainland Japan.
Japanese: 日本統治時代の台湾は植民地型経済構造であり、総論的には台湾の資源と労働力を日本内地の発展のために利用していたと言える。
English: This economic structure, founded by then Governor-General Gentaro KODAMA, reached its peak due to the Pacific War.
Japanese: この経済構造は児玉源太郎総督の時代に基礎が築かれ、太平洋戦争により最盛期を迎えた。
English: The Taiwanese economy was classified by its features into three periods: before 1920 when sugar industry was main, from the 1920s to the 1930s during which time Horai rice cultivation was spotlighted and after the 1930s when an international division of labor between mainland Japan focusing on industry and Taiwan on agriculture discontinued and Taiwan's industrialization was promoted to meet military demand.
Japanese: この台湾経済をその内容により分類するとすれば、1920年までの糖業を主軸とする期間、1920年から1930年代にかけての蓬莱米の生産を主軸とする期間、そして1930年代以降にそれまでの工業を内地、農業を台湾としていた分業論を改め、軍需に対応すべく台湾の工業化が展開された3時期に区分することができる。
English: Though the primary industry differed in each period, the primary goal throughout the entire time was to meet the domestic demand in Japan by increasing the production of agricultural and industrial products, while Japan's massive investment, which supported the development of Taiwan's economy and social infrastructure, influenced the post-war economy of Taiwan.
Japanese: これらは重点産業こそ異なれ、経済発展の目標は農産物或いは工業製品の生産工場に拠り日本国内の需要を満たすことにあったが、日本からの大量資本投下は台湾経済の発展と社会インフラ整備を支援し、戦後の台湾経済にも大きな影響を与えている。
English: The sugar industry in Taiwan, of which the scale was very small in production, was changed to factory mass production due to large scale investment by the Japanese capital.
Japanese: 台湾の糖業は日本資本の大規模資本投下によりそれまでの零細な生産体制から工場による大量生産へと転換した。
English: The Sotoku-fu promoted the development of the sugar industry in Taiwan by introducing sugarcane with high sugar content as well as improving the method of producing sugar.
Japanese: 台湾総督府も糖業の発展のために高い含糖量の蔗種導入を図るとともに、製糖方法の改善を推奨するなどの政策を推進した。
English: It also introduced the 'raw material collection area system' to protect the sugar manufacturers, system in which the sugarcane farmers were required to supply their products to the sugar manufacturing factories in their neighborhood at a price determined by them.
Japanese: また製糖業者保護のために「原料採集区域制度」を導入、甘蔗農家は付近の製糖工場への作物納入が義務付けられ、またその価格は工場側が決定するというものであった。
English: Under these protection policies, the Japanese Zaibatsu (company syndicate) began investing in the sugar manufacturing industry and setting up sugar manufacturing factories, which situation was a blow to the traditional sugar manufacturing in Taiwan and suppressed the income of the sugarcane farmers.
Japanese: このような保護政策の下、日本の財閥も台湾糖業への投資を行い製糖が次々に設立され、台湾の伝統的な糖業は大きな打撃を受け、また甘蔗農家の収入が抑圧される事態が続いた。
English: After the cession of Taiwan by the Japanese army in May 1895, Osaka Churitsu Bank opened 'Keelung Branch Office of the Osaka Churitsu Bank' in Keelung City in September.
Japanese: 1895年5月、日本軍が台湾に進駐すると、9月には大阪中立銀行が基隆市に「大阪中立銀行基隆出張所」を設立した。
English: In June 1896, Sukenori KABAYAMA, then Governor-General of Taiwan, authorized the establishment of the branch, which was the first bank in Taiwan.
Japanese: 1896年6月、台湾総督樺山資紀は大阪中立銀行在台分行の設立を認可し、台湾における最初の銀行の設立となった。
English: In March 1897, the Bank of Taiwan Act was passed in the Imperial Diet, and in November the committee of establishing Bank of Taiwan was organized to prepare for the opening of Bank of Taiwan.
Japanese: 1897年3月、帝国議会で台湾銀行法が通過、11月に台湾銀行創立委員会が組織され台湾銀行の開設準備が着手された。
English: In March 1899, the Bank of Taiwan Act was amended, and the Japanese government authorized to acquire the shares of Bank of Taiwan with the limit of one million yuan.
Japanese: 1899年3月、台湾銀行法が改正され、日本政府は100万元を限度額に台湾銀行株式の取得を認可した。
English: In June of the same year 'Bank of Taiwan Corporation' was established and began operations on September 26.
Japanese: 同年6月に「株式会社台湾銀行」が設立され、9月26日より営業開始となった。
English: During the period of Japanese rule, the Bank of Taiwan, on the Taiwan Sotoku-fu's request, issued Bank of Taiwan notes, currency used in Taiwan.
Japanese: 日本統治期間中、台湾銀行は台湾総督府の委託を受け台湾での貨幣台湾銀行券を発行していた。
English: The headquarter of the Bank of Taiwan was in Taipei, but the head of the Bank was resident in Tokyo, and the shareholders' meeting was also held in Tokyo.
Japanese: 台湾銀行の本部は台北に置かれたが、頭取は東京に駐在し、株式総会も東京で開催されていた。
English: Through the Bank of Taiwan, a large amount of Japanese capital was put into Taiwan, which economic policy contributed to the development of capitalism in Taiwan, and further investment in China and the Southeast Asian countries from Taiwan.
Japanese: この台湾銀行を通して日本資本が大量に台湾に投下され、台湾の資本主義が発達したと共に、更に台湾より中国や東南アジアへの資金が投資されていった。
English: In addition to Bank of Taiwan, the Sotoku-fu allowed the establishment of the Shoka Bank, Kayoshi Bank, Bank of Taiwan of Commerce, Niitaka Bank, Bank of Hunan and the Nihon Kangyo Bank, and it also enacted a special act to establish credit associations, trust companies, mutual loan associations, savings and credit associations to contribute to the economic development in Taiwan.
Japanese: 台湾銀行以外に、台湾総督府は台湾金融の安定化を図るために彰化銀行、嘉義銀行、台湾商工銀行、新高銀行、華南銀行、日本勧業銀行などを設立し、また特別法を制定し、信用組合、無尽、金融講、信託会社なども設立され台湾経済の発展に寄与させていた。
English: In the early times of the Japanese rule, the finance of Taiwan was dependent upon a grant from Japan, which situation was a significant financial burden for the government of Japan at that time.
Japanese: 日本統治初期、台湾の財政は日本本国からの補助に依拠しており、当時の日本政府において大きな財政的負担となっていた。
English: The fourth Governor-General of Taiwan, Gentaro KODAMA, made the twenty year financial plan with the Chief of Home Affairs Shinpei GOTO, aiming at decreasing the grant and making Taiwan financially independent within twenty years.
Japanese: 第4代台湾総督の児玉源太郎は、民政長官の後藤新平と共に『財政20年計画』を策定、20年以内に補助金を減額し台湾の財政独立を図った。
English: The Russo-Japan war, which broke out in 1904, required war expenditure and caused the national treasury to dry up, so Taiwan was forced to realize financial independence by accelerating the implementation of the plan.
Japanese: 1904年に日露戦争が勃発すると、その戦費捻出のために日本の国庫が枯渇、台湾は計画を前倒して財政独立を実現する必要性に迫られた。
English: The measures taken by the Sotoku-fu included the land registry readjustment, issuing of public bonds, formulation of standard currency and weights and measures systems as well as financial reforms by introducing monopoly system and local tax system.
Japanese: 具体的な施策として総督府は地籍整理、公債発行、統一貨幣と度量衡の制定以外に、多くの産業インフラの整備を行うと共に、専売制度と地方税制の改革による財政の建て直しを図った。
English: The monopoly system applied to opium, tobacco (refer to the section of Songshan Tobacco Factory established by Taiwan Sotoku-fu Monopoly Bureau), camphor, alcohol, salt and weights and measurement, and the monopoly policy contributed to an increase of the revenue as well as the realization of self sufficiency in Taiwan by preventing excessive competition in the field of each item and controlling the imports of these items.
Japanese: 専売制度の対象となったのは阿片、タバコ（参照台湾総督府専売局松山煙草工場）、樟脳、アルコール、塩及び度量衡であり、専売政策は総督府の歳入の増大以外に、これらの産業の過当競争を防ぎ、また対象品目の輸入規制を行うことで台湾内部での自給自足を実現した。
English: During the armed anti-Japanese movement that was taking place in Taiwan, the Sotoku-fu tried to establish a ruling system other than suppression by armed forces and it implemented the policy to pacify the Taiwanese people through the spread of education.
Japanese: 台湾で抗日武力闘争が発生していた時期、総督府は武力による鎮圧以外にその統治体制を確立し、教育の普及による撫民政策をあわせて実施した。
English: Though elementary and secondary schools were initially separated for Taiwanese and Japanese and the Japanese received a privileged treatment in examination, the difference was gradually becoming smaller as the Japanese rule progressed.
Japanese: 初等中等教育機関は当初、台湾人と日本人を対象としたものが別個に存在し、試験制度でも日本人が有利な制度であったが、統治が進むにつれ次第にその差異は縮小していった。
English: Japan's policy to spread the education system influenced the high educational standard of today's Taiwan to a certain extent.
Japanese: 台湾に教育制度を普及させた日本の政策は現在の台湾の教育水準の高さに一定の影響を与えている。
English: On July 14, 1895, the Sotoku-fu appointed Shuji IZAWA as the first chief of Education Bureau responsible for the educational policy in Taiwan.
Japanese: 1895年7月14日、台湾総督府は初代学務部長に伊沢修二を任命し台湾における教育政策を担当させた。
English: Izawa proposed to implement compulsory education in Taiwan, which had not been implemented even in Japan, and the Sotoku-fu accepted his proposal and established an elementary school in Zhishanyan, Taipei (today's Shilin elementary school in Taipei) as an experimental school for compulsory education.
Japanese: 伊沢は日本内地でも実現していなかった義務教育の採用を上申し、総督府もその提言を受け入れて同年、台北市芝山岩に最初の近代教育を行う小学校（現在の台北市士林国小）を設置、義務教育の実験校とした。
English: Though the Zhishanyan Incident happened, in which six teachers were killed by guerrillas, the Sotoku-fu promoted the education policy to improve the educational institution by establishing the Japanese language study school throughout Taiwan the next year.
Japanese: その後六氏先生事件なども発生したが、総督府は教育政策を推進し、翌年台湾全域に国語伝習所を設置するなどの教育機関の拡充に努めた。
English: Initially, the elementary and secondary educational systems were separate for Taiwanese and Japanese.
Japanese: 当初、台湾の初等中等教育制度は台湾人と日本人を対象とするものが別個に存在していた。
English: Elementary and secondary education for the mainlanders (Japanese) was charged by the elementary and secondary schools under the old system of education in accordance with the same Act of Education with the one enforced in Japan, while the one for Taiwanese was charged by kogakko (public schools) and higher elementary schools in accordance with the Act of Taiwanese Education.
Japanese: 内地人(日本人)の初等中等教育は、内地に適用されるのと同じ教育法令に基づいて設置される旧制小学校および旧制中学校、本島人(台湾人)のそれは、台湾教育令に基づいて設置される公学校および高等普通学校によってそれぞれ担われていた。
English: In 1929, however, the Act of Taiwanese Education was amended, which amendment integrated higher elementary school into junior high school and employed a desegregated school system for Taiwanese and Japanese.
Japanese: しかし1929年になると台湾教育令を改正し、中等教育については高等普通学校が廃止、中学校に一本化され、台湾人と日本人の共学制が採用された。
English: At the same time, segregation by ethnicity 'Naichi jin' and 'Honto jin' was discontinued in the elementary education system, and the children who always used Japanese attended elementary schools and those who did not always use Japanese attended Kogakko.
Japanese: 同時に初等教育においても「内地人」、「本島人」という民族による区分が廃止され「日本語を常用する児童」が小学校に、「日本語を常用しない児童」が公学校に入学することとなった。
English: In March 1941, the Act of Taiwanese Education was amended again, which amendment integrated Banjin Kogakko (public schools for Taiwanese aboriginal people) and Kogakko into Kokumin gakko and some schools were re-established as the ones for aboriginal children.
Japanese: 1941年3月、台湾教育令は再度改正が行われ、小學校、蕃人公学校と公学校を統合し国民学校（一部は蕃童教育所として統一された。
English: In this way, the education system in Taiwan was finally unified and all schools (except for a few aboriginal education) were operated by central and local budget with six year compulsory education introduced for children aged from 8 to 13.
Japanese: これにより台湾の教育制度は完全に統一され、特殊な台湾原住民を対象とする教育以外、中央或いは地方財政で学校が運営され8歳以上14歳未満の学童に対し6年制の義務教育が行われるようになった。
English: Though the initial enrollment rate for Taiwanese children was slow to increase, it showed a sharp increase with the implementation of the compulsory education system; In 1944, there were 944 elementary schools in Taiwan with 876,000 children (including girls) enrolled and the enrollment rates of Taiwanese children and the Japanese children in Taiwan were 71.17% and 90% respectively, which figures indicated the high enrollment rate in the world.
Japanese: 台湾人の就学率は当初緩慢な増加であったが、義務教育制度が施行されると急速に上昇、1944年の台湾では国民学校が944校設置され、就学児童数は876,000人（女子を含む）、台湾人児童の就学率は71.17%、日本人児童では90%を越える世界でも高い就学率を実現した。
English: Under Japanese rule, higher education in Taiwan was initially for Japanese only, so the Taiwanese had a limited chance of attending a higher educational institution.
Japanese: 日本統治期間中、台湾における高等教育は当初は日本人を対象とし、台湾人が高等教育を受ける機会は限定されたものであった。
English: For vocational education, the Sotoku-fu established the agricultural examination trainee system to educate persons who could contribute to the development of farming in Taiwan.
Japanese: 職業教育では総督府は当初農試験講習生制度を設立し台湾の産業発展に寄与する人材育成に着手した。
English: Later the Sotoku-fu established educational institutions with six months to two years schooling, such as schools for sugar production or industrial learning schools attached to the Sotoku-fu Education Bureau.
Japanese: その後糖業講習所た学務部付属工業講習所など就学期間を半年から2年とする教育機関を設立した。
English: After elementary schools were established at various places in Taiwan, the Sotoku-fu set the target to make more fulfilling vocational education to produce technical experts, and the amended Act of Taiwanese Education in 1922 stipulated agricultural, industrial, and commercial schools as vocational schools.
Japanese: その後台湾各地に中学校が設立されるようになると、総督府は技術人材の育成を目的とした職業教育の充実を目標とし、1922年の台湾教育令改正の差異に、職業学校として農業、工業、商業学校を定めた。
English: Initially these vocational schools were two years, but extended to four years after the Pacific War broke out to educate technical experts in Taiwan.
Japanese: これらの実業学校は当初2年制であったが、太平洋戦争勃発後は4年に修業期限が延長され、台湾における技術人員の育成が行われた。
English: The railway was the most important policy, and to a lesser extent highways.
Japanese: その中で台湾の鉄道が最重要政策とされ、また一定規模を有する道路建設も重要項目として整備された。
English: Due to the development of transportation in Taiwan, the population increased from 2.6 million people in 1895 to 6.5 million in 1945 and the transportation network linking the west and north is still used now as the main artery in Taiwan.
Japanese: 交通の改善により台湾の人口は1895年の260万人から1945年の650万人に増加し、台湾の南北を連絡する交通網は台湾社会の大動脈として現在も利用されている。
English: The Railway Ministry (the Sotoku-fu Railway) was established within the Sotoku-fu to manage the railway in Taiwan on November 8, 1899.
Japanese: 1899年11月8日、台湾の鉄道を管轄した鉄道部（台湾総督府鉄道）が総督府内に設立された。
English: Since the establishment, the Sotoku-fu actively promoted railway construction in Taiwan, and completed the western line in 1908, which, linking the north and west, reduced the travel time from several days to a single day.
Japanese: 成立後総督府は台湾での鉄道建設を積極的に推進し、1908年には台湾南北を縦貫する西部幹線を完成させるなど、それまで数日を必要とした移動を1日で移動できる空間革命となった。
English: The Railway Ministry continued to develop the railway system, constructing the Tnasui Line (Taiwan Railroad Administration), Giran Line, Heito Line, and Toko Line as well as purchasing the Taitong Southern Line (currently a part of Taitong Line) and Ping Hsi Line.
Japanese: 鉄道部はその後も鉄道整備を推進し淡水線(台湾鉄路管理局)、宜蘭線、屏東線、東港線などを建設すると共に、私鉄路線であった台東南線（現台東線の一部）、平渓線を買収した。
English: In addition, the Sotoku-fu developed the forest railways such as Lin tian shan, Ba hsien shan, and Alishan Forest railways.
Japanese: このほか林田山、八仙山、太平山、阿里山森林鉄道などの森林鉄道の整備も進められていた。
English: In addition, the Sotoku-fu conducted research for the north link line, the south link line and the line through the mountains of central Taiwan but they were not established due to the outbreak of the Pacific War.
Japanese: このほか総督府は北廻線、南廻線、中央山脈横断線などの調査も行ったが、これらの新規路線は太平洋戦争の激化により計画にとどまっている。
English: The private railways were also constructed and the Taiwan Sugar Railways, Salt Railways, Mining Railways, as light railways, extended throughout Taiwan, playing the vital role for the transportation in Taiwan.
Japanese: また民間企業による鉄道建設も進み、糖業鉄道、塩業鉄道、鉱業鉄道などが軽便鉄道として台湾各地を網羅し台湾における交通の要となっていた。
English: The National Government made a negative evaluation on Japan's colonial rule as depriving Taiwanese of their resources, but the railways are undoubtedly the heritage that contributed greatly to post-war economic development in Taiwan.
Japanese: 国民政府により台湾の資源を収奪した植民地時代として否定的な評価が行われるが、鉄道に関して確実に戦後の台湾経済の発展に大きな影響を与えた遺産となっている。
English: Though dependence upon rail transportation is lower in Taiwan today, the railway lines built during the period of Japanese rule remained as they were and are used as one of the important means of transportation.
Japanese: 現在台湾の鉄道輸送に対する依存度は低下したが、しかし鉄道網の日本統治時代の鉄道路線をそのまま踏襲し、重要な輸送手段の一つとして使用されている。
English: Bridges over wide rivers such as the Cho shui River and Xia tamsui River (today Kaoping River) were underdeveloped.
Japanese: 濁水渓や下淡水渓（現・高屏渓）など比較的川幅の広い河川への橋脚整備が未整備であった。
English: Toward the later days of Japanese rule, the development of highways caused competition between the railroad and motor transportation and many light railway lines were replaced with bus service.
Japanese: しかし日本統治時代後半になると道路網の整備も一定の成果があると、鉄道と自動車輸送の競争が生じ多くの軽便鉄道がバス輸送に代替された。
English: The ministry of the railway took measures by purchasing the bus service running in parallel to the railways.
Japanese: このバス輸送に対し鉄道部は鉄道との平行バス路線を買収するなど対策を行っていた。
English: As for urban transportation, 'noriai jidosha' (a type of bus) service was available, with the bus routes centering on local railway stations.
Japanese: また市内交通では「乗合自動車」が設置され、鉄道駅を中心に放射状のバス路線が整備されていた。
English: The Sotoku-fu constructed Keeling and Kaohsiung Ports for improving Taiwanese maritime industry as well as for making them the transit bases for Japan's operation to the south, thus developing modern port facilities that were accessible by large vessels.
Japanese: 台湾の海運業の改善と、日本の南方進出のための中継港湾基地として総督府は基隆港、高雄港の築港を行い、大型船の利用が可能な近代的港湾施設が整備された。
English: Makung Harbor and Hualien Harbor were developed at that time as a part of the maritime transportation service for the eastern part of Taiwan and the islands.
Japanese: そのほか台湾東部や離島との海上交通の整備の一環として花蓮港や馬公港などもこの時代に整備されている。
English: The main industry of Taiwan under Japanese rule was agriculture, so the fulfillment of water facilities was important in order to develop the Taiwanese economy.
Japanese: 日本統治時代、台湾の主要産業は農業であり、水利施設の拡充は台湾経済発展に重要な地位を占めていた。
English: For agricultural development, the Stoke-fu confirmed the farming area by the land registry system and then set on the development of water supply.
Japanese: もう業方面では地籍登録事業により台湾の耕地面積を確定させた後、水利事業の整備を推進した。
English: The Sotoku-fu issued the "Taiwan Public Rules" in 1901, by which the old water facilities were replaced with the modern water facilities.
Japanese: 1901年、総督府は『台湾公共規則』を公布、以前からの水利施設を回収すると共に、新たに近代的な水利施設を建設することをその方針とした。
English: The development of water facilities influenced agriculture in Taiwan, increasing the income for farmers as well as agriculture-related revenue for the Sotoku-fu.
Japanese: これら水利事業の整備は台湾の農業に大きな影響を与え、農民の収入を増加させるとともに、総督府の農業関連歳入の増加を実現している。
English: The Chianan Plain in the southern part of Taiwan was a barren territory, especially during the autumn and winter, as it had no major rivers and little rain.
Japanese: 台湾南部に広がる嘉南平原は大河川が存在しない上に降水量が乏しい地域であり、秋から冬にかけては荒涼とした荒野になっていた。
English: Yoichi HATTA, a civil engineer of the Sotoku-fu, spent ten years to complete the Ushantou dam, the largest in the south east Asia at that time, and started the construction of Chianan Canal in 1920, and, with the completion of the major part in 1934, it became a huge water supply facility to supply water to the Chianan Plain, which covered as much as 14% of the total farming area in Taiwan.
Japanese: 総督府技師の八田与一は10年の歳月を費やし、当時東南アジアで最大となる烏山頭ダムを完成させると、1920年には嘉南大圳建設に着工、1934年に主要部分が完成すると嘉南平原への水利実現に伴い、台湾耕地面積の14%にも及ぶ広大な装置を創出した。
English: The development of power plants in Taiwan started with the establishment of Taipei Electric Company by Ryujiro DOKURA on February 12, 1903.
Japanese: 台湾での工業化を推進するために整備が進められた台湾での本格的な発電事業は、1903年2月12日に土倉龍次郎により台北電気株式会社の設立に始まる。
English: He constructed a hydraulic power plant, which used the Nanshi River, a branch river of the Danshui River running in Shenkeng Township to start a power supply to Taipei City.
Japanese: 深坑郷を流れる淡水河の支流である南勢溪を利用した水力発電所を建設し、台北市への電力供給を開始した。