nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Although various actions--including the removal of introduced species, environmentally friendly operation of water-level control and restoration of lagoons--have been taken to resolve those issues, sufficient results have not been achieved.
Japanese: それらへの対抗策も講じられ、外来種駆除や生態系に配慮した水位操作、内湖の再生など様々な取り組みが行われているが、まだ十分な効果をあげられていない。
English: At the same time, the larvae of ayu hatched in Lake Biwa are released into the local rivers in Japan, and therefore Lake Biwa can be a source of introduced species.
Japanese: また、琵琶湖産の稚アユは日本各地へ放流され、そのために琵琶湖固有種が各地で繁殖するという、移入種を生み出す元ともなっている。
English: Endemic species (fish): Lake Biwa catfish (Siluridae), Biwa rock catfish (Siluridae), willow shiner (Cyprinidae), Biwa oily gudgeon (Cyprinidae), minnow (Cyprinidae)
Japanese: 固有種（魚）ビワコオオナマズ（ナマズ科）、イワトコナマズ（ナマズ科）、ホンモロコ（コイ科）、ビワヒガイ（コイ科）、アブラヒガイ（コイ科）
English: Endemic species (Shellfish): Gastropod, Seta clam (Corbiculidae), Biwamelania (Biwamelania, Pleuroceridae), Ohmigai (Lymnaeidae), Kadohiramakigai (Planorbidae), Hirokuchimakigai (Planorbidae)
Japanese: 固有種（貝）ビワコミズシタダミ(ミズシタダミ科)、セタシジミ(シジミ科)、ビワカワニナ類(カワニナ科ビワカワニナ属)、オウミガイ(モノアラガイ科)、カドヒラマキガイ(ヒラマキガイ科)、ヒロクチヒラマキガイ(ヒラマキガイ科)
English: Introduced species (fish): largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, bluegill, northern snakehead (channidae), silver carp and bighead carp
Japanese: 外来種（魚）オオクチバス、コクチバス、ブルーギル、カムルチー(ライギョ)、レンギョ
English: The lake is home to various islands: Chikubushima (area: 0.14 sq. km), Oki (area: 1.5 sq. km), Takeshima, Oki no Shiraishi (沖の白石) and Yabasekihanto.
Japanese: 竹生島（面積0.14km2）、沖島（面積1.5km2）、多景島、沖の白石、矢橋帰帆島がある。
English: Consequently, Shiga Prefecture independently enacted the so-called Lake Biwa Ordinance (Ordinance for Prevention of the Eutrophication of Lake Biwa) in order to regulate factory and household effluents.
Japanese: このため滋賀県は独自に工業排水と家庭用排水を規制する、いわゆる琵琶湖条例(滋賀県琵琶湖の富栄養化の防止に関する条例)を制定した。
English: There are more ordinances enacted with regard to Lake Biwa: for example, the Ordinance Related to the Appropriate Leisure Usage of Lake Biwa, the Ordinance of Reed-Community Conservation, and the Ordinance for Protecting and Creating Beautiful Landscapes in the Shiga Homeland.
Japanese: このほかに、琵琶湖に関しては、滋賀県琵琶湖のレジャー利用の適正化に関する条例や、滋賀県琵琶湖のヨシ群落の保全に関する条例、また景観を守るためのふるさと滋賀の風景を守り育てる条例などがある。
English: Because factories around Lake Biwa pumped the water out of the ground, and many of them dumped effluents deliberately until the Water Pollution Control Law was amended to prevent them from discharging effluents into the ground, the contamination of underground water in the factory area near the lake has worsened, and some people have strongly urged quick action in order to protect the water in what is the world's most enclosed watershed area.
Japanese: また、周辺の工場は地下水をくみ上げ、さらに汚染水地下水浸透禁止の水質汚濁防止法が改正されるまでは、汚染水を意識的に地下に浸透していた工場も多く、琵琶湖周辺の工場地帯の地下水汚染は進んでおり、世界一の閉鎖性水域の琵琶湖の水環境を守るために、早急の対策が必要と言われている。
English: The municipal borders of Lake Biwa had never been established, but at a joint conference held by the municipalities on the shore of the lake, their delegates reached an agreement to establish the borders of Lake Biwa on May 8, 2007; a document was submitted to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications after the approval of each municipality's assembly, and finally the establishment of borders was officially announced in the official gazette on September 28.
Japanese: 琵琶湖の市町境界については、今までどの市町にも組み入れられていなかったが、沿岸の各自治体で行う共同会議において2007年5月8日に境界の設定に合意し、各自治体の議会の同意を得た上で総務省に届け出を行い、9月28日付で官報に確定が公示された。
English: Still, the announcement has been made that half of the increased subsidies would be allocated to the conservation of Lake Biwa.
Japanese: また、増額された交付金の半分は琵琶湖の保全に使われることが発表されている。
English: Since the kanji for 'bi' and 'wa' are not in common use and have not been designated as kanji for daily use, Lake Biwa (or Biwako) is often written in Shiga Prefecture either completely in hiragana (びわこ) or with the first two characters written in hiragana and the last one in kanji (びわ湖).
Japanese: 「琵」「琶」が当用漢字・常用漢字外であることから、滋賀県内では平仮名書きにした「びわこ」「びわ湖」という表記も数多く見られる。
English: Biwako Bank (びわこ銀行), Biwako Kyotei (びわこ競艇場), Otsu Biwako Keirin (大津びわこ競輪場), MIO Biwako Kusatsu (MIOびわこ草津), Biwako Seikei Sports College (びわこ成蹊スポーツ大学), JA Higashi Biwako (東びわこ農業協同組合), and others
Japanese: びわこ銀行、びわこ競艇場、大津びわこ競輪場、MIOびわこ草津、びわこ成蹊スポーツ大学、東びわこ農業協同組合など
English: Tango Province, located in Sanin-do, was one of the provinces administered by the Ryo-sei (administrative codes).
Japanese: 丹後国（たんごのくに）は、かつて日本の地方行政区分だった令制国の一つで、山陰道に位置する。
English: Some believe that during the Kofun period the province prospered along the Takeno-gawa River and had its own kingdom (see also "Tango Kingdom Hypothesis").
Japanese: 古墳時代には竹野川流域を中心に繁栄しており、独自の王国が存在したとする説もある（丹後王国論を参照）。
English: Tanba-gun (later Naka-gun) is believed to have been the center of the kingdom when, in the seventh century, Tamba Province was established as one of the provinces administered by the Ryo-sei.
Japanese: 7世紀に令制国として丹波国が成立したときは、丹波郡（後の中郡）がその中心地であったと考えられる。
English: The five districts of Kasa-gun, Yosa-gun, Tamba-gun, Takeno-gun and Kumano-gun in the north of Tanba Province were separated from the province on April 3, 713, and thereby formed Tango Province.
Japanese: 和銅6年（713年）4月3日に丹波国の北部、加佐郡、与謝郡、丹波郡、竹野郡、熊野郡の5郡を割いて、丹後国が置かれた。
English: In the middle ages, the Isshiki clan (a branch of the Ashikaga clan) entered the territory, after which they governed the entire Tango Province throughout almost all of the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 中世には足利氏の一族である一色氏が入封、一時期を除いて室町時代を通じて丹後一国を支配した。
English: The Isshiki clan, which had served as Kyushu Tandai (regional officers to oversee the administration of Kyushu), would probably have stayed in Kyoto and appointed powerful local families as Shugodai to rule the province.
Japanese: 恐らく、九州探題も務めたことのある一色氏自体は在京し、地元豪族を守護代として支配をしたのであろう。
English: Based on the fact that the Shugo Yoshihide ISSHIKI was assaulted and driven to suicide by a powerful local family in 1498 around the onset of the Sengoku (Warring States) period, apparently the Isshiki clan did not have strong control over the province.
Japanese: 戦国時代(日本)が始まる1498年には守護の一色義秀が地元豪族に攻められて自殺していることから、強力な施政はできなかったようにも思われる。
English: Some of the Isshiki clan survived through the Sengoku period for a fairly long time, but in July 1579 Yusai HOSOKAWA defeated the Isshiki clan and thereafter controlled Tango Province.
Japanese: それでも一色氏の命脈は戦国期を通じて永らえたが、1579年7月に一色氏が細川幽斎に滅ぼされて以来、細川氏が丹後を支配した。
English: After the Battle of Sekigahara, Takatomo KYOGOKU was awarded the title of Tango no Kami, whereby all of Tango Province (a domain of 123,000 koku) and Tango Province became the territory of the land-owning daimyo, the Kyogoku clan.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦い後、京極高知に、丹後守の称号と丹後一国、十二万三千石の領地が与えられ、国持ち大名京極家の領地となった。
English: The northern part of the region, and seemingly the center (including Tanba-gun and Tanba-go), was not included in Tanba Province but was instead separated to form Tango Province when the former was first established as one of the provinces administered by the Ryo-sei; this could be explained by the assumption that the central area of Tanba Province had been incorporated into the southern part of Tanba Province (a part of Tanba Province after the separation of Tango Province) from Tanba-gun in the north.
Japanese: 丹波国が令制国として成立した当初には、丹波郡・丹波郷を有して丹波国の中心であったとみられる北部の地域が丹波国として残されず、逆に丹後国として分離されてしまったのは、丹波国の中心が北部の丹波郡から、より都に近い丹波国南部（丹後分国後の丹波国の地域）へと移動していたためと考えられている。
English: A provincial monastery and nunnery were built in Kuwata-gun in the south, and it is known that Kuwata-gun became the center of Tanba Province during the Nara period.
Japanese: 南部の桑田郡は国分寺・国分尼寺が建立され、奈良時代には丹波国の中心地となっていたことが知られる。
English: Additionally, the reason that Tanba Province after the separation was not named 'Tanzen Province' after Tango Province would be that, unlike the previous principles of splitting a province evenly (e.g., the split of Kibi into Bizen, Bichu and Bingo), in the principles used for its separation (713) a portion of the original province was separated and only the portion was given a new name (e.g., the separation of Mimasaka from Bizen).
Japanese: また、分国後の丹波国が丹後国に対して「丹前国」とされなかったのは、分国当時（和銅6年）の分国の原則が、それ以前の同等な国の分割（吉備を備前、備中、備後とするような分割）とは異なり、母国から一部を割いて、分割された側に別の新国名を付ける形（備前から美作が分国するような形）がとられていた為であると考えられる。
English: It is also believed that, despite being separated from Tanba Province, the name Tango (pronounced as 'Tanihanomichinoshiri') was kept and a new provincial name was not given, because the region was originally in Tanba and the word 'Taniha' was intentionally kept as "Tanihanomichinoshiri."
Japanese: そして分割された側でありながら、丹後（二字で「タニハノミチノシリ」と訓じられた）とされて新たな国名が与えられなかったのは、ここが元々の丹波の地であるので、タニハノミチノシリとして「タニハ」の名を残した為とみられる。
English: The Engishiki Jimmyo-Cho (a list of shrines) contains information on seven gods and six grand shrines, as well as 58 gods and 58 small shrines, thus totaling 65 gods and 64 shrines.
Japanese: 延喜式神名帳には大社7座6社・小社58座58社の計65座64社が記載されている。
English: The following two names originated from Tanba Province, but their notations (kanji (chinese characters) or kana (Japanese syllabary characters)) and operational lines differ according to their respective periods.
Japanese: 共に丹波国に由来するが、期間により漢字表記・仮名表記があり、また運行区間も異なる。
English: Tanba' (丹波) -- an express train operated until 1986 by the Japan National Railways from Osaka Station and Shin-Osaka Station to the northeast of Hyogo Prefecture and the north of Kyoto Prefecture via the Fukuchiyama Line
Japanese: 「丹波」-1986年まで日本国有鉄道が福知山線経由大阪駅・新大阪駅～兵庫県北西部・京都府北部を運行していた急行列車の名称。
English: Limited Express Tanba' (たんば)-- a special express train operated from 1996 by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) from Kyoto Station to Fukuchiyama Station via Ayabe Station on the Sanin Main Line
Japanese: 「たんば」-1996年より西日本旅客鉄道（JR西日本）が京都駅～福知山駅間を山陰本線綾部駅経由で運行している特別急行列車。
English: Located in the northeast part of Kyoto City, Sakyo Ward borders Otsu City of Shiga Prefecture on the east side, borders Higashiyama Ward and Yamashina Ward on the south side across Sanjo-dori Street and borders Nantan City of Kyoto Prefecture and Takashima City of Shiga Prefecture on the north side.
Japanese: 京都市の東北部を占め、東は滋賀県大津市に接し、南は三条通をはさんで東山区、山科区に、北は南丹市、滋賀県高島市に接している。
English: The southern part of the ward is mostly occupied by housing areas and school zones (however, in the northern area of the part, such as Iwakura area, fields still remain because large-scale development, such as constructing a high-rise building, is restricted due to the designation as an urbanization-restricted area), and its northern part is mountainous and the forest industry flourishes there.
Japanese: 区南部は住宅地や文教地区になっている一方（岩倉地区などの北寄りの地域は市街化調整区域に指定されているため、高層建築物などの大規模開発が制限されている影響で、田畑も多く残る）、区北部は山間地で林業が盛んである。
English: In the northern part of the ward, Kurama-dera Temple, Kifune-jinja Shrine, Sanzen-in Temple, the site where Tomomi IWAKURA was once confined, and Shugakuin Rikyu (Shugakuin Imperial Villa) are also located.
Japanese: また北部には鞍馬寺・貴船神社・三千院・岩倉具視幽閉跡・修学院離宮などがある。
English: In the past, women called "Oharame" sometimes came from Yase Ohara to this area to sell wild vegetables they collected in the mountain area.
Japanese: 八瀬大原から大原女と呼ばれる山菜売りの女性が行商に来ることもあった。
English: Shirakawame, who were specifically engaged in peddling flowers, existed in Kita Shirakawa, but it is likely that they do not exist anymore.
Japanese: また、北白川には花の行商を生業とする白川女が存在していたが、現在は存続していない模様である。
English: Originally, Sakyo indicated the east side area of Heian-kyo Capital (Rakuyo or Rakuchu), but the Sakyo Ward, which was born as an administrative area of Kyoto City, is located in the Rakuto (Rakugai) area on the left side of the Kamo-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River system).
Japanese: 本来左京と言えば平安京のうちの東側（洛陽または洛中）のことであったが、京都市の行政区として生まれた左京区は鴨川_(淀川水系)左岸の洛東（洛外）地域にあたる。
English: Due to reorganization of cities, towns and villages, the area of this ward has become considerably large, centered on former Otagi-gun which was located remotely (until Ukyo Ward merged former Keihoku-cho, Sakyo Ward occupied the largest land area among all the eleven wards of Kyoto City).
Japanese: 現在はその後の市町村の統廃合により、更に外縁の旧愛宕郡部を中心としたかなり大きなものとなっている（右京区が旧京北町と合併するまでは、京都市全11区の中で最も大きい面積の区であった）。
English: Demachiyanagi Station - Mototanaka Station - Chayama Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Ichijoji Station - Shugakuin Station - Takaragaike Station - Miyake-Hachiman Station - Yase Hieizan-guchi Station
Japanese: 出町柳駅-元田中駅-茶山駅(京都府)-一乗寺駅-修学院駅-宝ヶ池駅-三宅八幡駅-八瀬比叡山口駅
English: Takaragaike Station - Hachiman-mae Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Iwakura Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Kino Station - Kyoto-Seikadai-mae Station - Nikenchaya Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Ichihara Station - Ninose Station - Kibune-guchi Station - Kurama Station
Japanese: 宝ヶ池駅-八幡前駅(京都府)-岩倉駅(京都府)-木野駅-京都精華大前駅-二軒茶屋駅(京都府)-市原駅-二ノ瀬駅-貴船口駅-鞍馬駅
English: The post offices responsible for collection and delivery in Sakyo Ward are under control of the Sakyo post office except those in the Kuta area (which is under the control of the Katata post office).
Japanese: 左京区の担当集配郵便局は久多地区（堅田郵便局）を除いて、左京郵便局の管轄となっている。
English: ZIP codes of the Katata post office (Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture): 520-02xx, 520-03xx, 520-04xx and 520-05xx
Japanese: 堅田郵便局（滋賀県大津市）-520-02xx、520-03xx、520-04xx、520-05xx
English: Moriguchi City, Kadoma City, Neyagawa City, Daito City, Shijonawate City, Katano City, and Hirakata City in Osaka Prefecture, mostly on the left side of the Yodo-gawa River, between Kyoto City and Osaka City (seven cities in the Kitakawachi area).
Japanese: 京都市と大阪市の間の、主に淀川左岸の大阪府守口市、門真市、寝屋川市、大東市、四條畷市、交野市、枚方市の地域（北河内地区7市）。
English: Keihan may include Yawata City, Uji City, Kumiyama-cho in Kuse-gun, Joyo City, Kyotanabe City, Tsuzuki-gun, Kizukawa City, and Soraku-gun in Kyoto Prefecture, but in general, these areas are called the Yamashiro area.
Japanese: 京都府八幡市、宇治市、久世郡久御山町、城陽市、京田辺市、綴喜郡、木津川市、相楽郡を含めることもあるが、基本的には山城地区という。
English: Keihan may also include Suita City, Settsu City, Ibaraki City, Takatsuki City, Shimamoto-cho in Mishima-gun (Osaka Prefecture), Oyamazaki-cho in Otokuni-gun, Nagaokakyo City, and Muko City, but generally, the areas in Osaka Prefecture are called either the Hokusetsu area or Mishima-gun (Osaka Prefecture) while those in Kyoto Prefecture are called the Otokuni-gun area.
Japanese: 淀川右岸の吹田市、摂津市、茨木市、高槻市、三島郡(大阪府)島本町、乙訓郡大山崎町、長岡京市、向日市も含めることがあるが、基本的には大阪府側は北摂地区ないしは三島郡(大阪府)、京都府側は乙訓郡地区と呼ばれている。
English: In general, the word 'Keihan' more often refers to Keihan Electric Railway and each company in the Keihan Group centering on the railroad company than the names of the areas mentioned above.
Japanese: 一般に「京阪」といえば、上記のような地域名よりも、同社および同社を中核とする京阪グループの各社を指す場合のほうが多い。
English: The town is the center of the Kansai Science City, boasting the Kansai-kan of the National Diet Library, the Vocational Museum, and the Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International.
Japanese: 関西文化学術研究都市の中心であり、国立国会図書館関西館、私のしごと館、国際電気通信基礎技術研究所などがある。
English: As a town of the Kansai Science City and a bedroom community for Osaka City, Kyoto City, and Nara City, the hillsides in the area have been developed for housing: as a result, the town has experienced a population influx and increased the population by 1,290 in the fiscal year of 2005 (from April 2004 to March 2005) with a population growth rate of 4.0 percent.
Japanese: 近年は関西文化学術研究都市として、更に大阪市や京都市、奈良市などへのベッドタウンとして丘陵が宅地開発されてきたことから人口流入が増え平成16年度の人口増加数は1290人、人口伸率は4.0%に達している。
English: Furthermore, according to the preliminary results of the national census taken in 2005, Seika-cho has ranked first in population growth with a growth rate of 29.9 percent (34,540 people in the fiscal year of 2006), far surpassing all other municipalities across Japan.
Japanese: また2005年実施国勢調査速報値によると、人口増加率は29.9%と全国の他の市町村を大きく引き離して1位である（平成17年度に34540人）。
English: January 20: The area code changed from 077484 to 07749-4 (the area code for Yamada, Zakuro, and Inuidani remained the same: 07747).
Japanese: 1月20日、市外局番を077484から07749-4へ変更（山田、柘榴、乾谷は07747で変更なし）
English: Keihanna Human Info-Communication Research Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
Japanese: 独立行政法人情報通信研究機構(NICT)けいはんな情報通信融合研究センター
English: Norman, Oklahoma, the United States of America (the Declaration of Friendship was signed in October 2000, and the sister city agreement was signed in September 2005.)
Japanese: アメリカ合衆国オクラホマ州ノーマン市（友好都市宣言が2000年10月に調印され、2005年9月に姉妹都市提携が結ばれた）
English: Kintetsu Kyoto Line: (from/to Kyoto Station, Kintetsu-Tanbabashi Station and Okubo Station) - Yamadagawa Station - Shin-Hosono Station - Komada Station (form/to Takanohara Station, Yamato-Saidaiji Station, Kintetsu-Nara Station and Kashiharajingu-mae Station)
Japanese: 近鉄京都線（京都・丹波橋・大久保方面-）山田川駅-新祝園駅-狛田駅（-高の原・大和西大寺・奈良・橿原神宮前方面）
English: Keinawa Expressway (a toll road along the National Route 24, opened in 1991, and an expressway)
Japanese: 京奈和自動車道（国道24号有料道路。1991年開通）(自動車専用道路)
English: The expressway has three interchanges in town: the Seika Shimokoma Interchange, the Seika Gakken Interchange, and the Yamadagawa Interchange
Japanese: 精華下狛インターチェンジ-精華学研インターチェンジ-山田川インターチェンジ
English: The grave for Ochiyo and Hanbe, the main characters in the story of the double suicide 'Shinju Yogoshin' by Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU, lies in this temple.
Japanese: 近松門左衛門の心中「心中宵庚申」の主人公、お千代と半兵衛の墓がある。
English: Yamashiro-Kizu post office in Kizugawa City (former Kizu-cho): 619-02xx and 619-11xx.
Japanese: 山城木津郵便局（木津川市（旧木津町））：619-02xx、619-11xx
English: The Takaya-gawa River and the Shuchi-gawa River, tributaries of the Yura-gawa River system, run through the town with countryside views.
Japanese: 由良川水系の支流である高屋（たかや）川・須知（しゅうち）川などが流れており、田園風景が広がる。
English: The Takeno area is located in the south, and is connected to Sonobe-cho via Kannon-toge Mountain Pass (the National Route 9).
Japanese: 竹野（たけの）地域は南部に位置し、観音峠（国道9号）などにより園部町と道路でつながっている。
English: The Shuchi area is located in the south of the central part, boasting core facilities such as the municipal office and Tanba Markesu.
Japanese: 須知（しゅうち）地域は中部の南に位置し、町役場や「丹波マーケス」などの中心施設が建ち並んでいる。
English: The Takahara area is located in the north of the central part, and crops in particular are widely grown in the area.
Japanese: 高原（たかはら）地域は中部の北に位置し、特に農作物の栽培が盛んである。
English: The Shimoyama area is located in the north, and forms a part of fluvial terrace of the Takaya-gawa River.
Japanese: 下山（しもやま）地域は北部に位置し、高屋川の河岸段丘を形成している。
English: Tanba Markesu located along the National Route 9 is a large commercial complex containing grocery and other stores, which are filled with shoppers.
Japanese: 国道9号沿いの「丹波マーケス」は大型の複合商業施設であり、スーパーマーケットなどが出店しており、多くの買い物客でにぎわう。
English: April 1, 2004: A council on municipal merger of Tanba-cho, Mizuho-cho (Kyoto Prefecture), and Wachi-cho was established.
Japanese: 2004年4月1日、「丹波町・瑞穂町(京都府)・和知町合併協議会」設立。
English: Major tourist spots are the Tanba Shizen Undo Koen Park, Koto-daki (Koto Falls), and the Wine House.
Japanese: 観光地は、丹波自然運動公園、琴滝（ことだき）、ワインハウスなどがある。
English: Located in the south of Kyoto Prefecture, Uji City is known for Uji tea and the Byodo-in Temple, which is registered on the World Heritage list.
Japanese: 宇治市（うじし）は、京都府の南部に位置し、世界遺産ともなっている平等院や宇治茶などで知られる市である。
English: 1573: Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA attempted to raise an army in Makishima-jo Castle in Uji, but failed; he was expelled by Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 1573年足利義昭、宇治の槙島城にて挙兵するも失敗、織田信長に追放される
English: March 1: The two towns of Uji-cho in Kuse-gun and Higashi-uji-cho in Uji-gun, together with the three villages of Makishima-mura, Ogura-mura as well as Okubo-mura were combined to form Uji City.
Japanese: 3月1日、久世郡宇治町、槇島村、小倉村、大久保村、宇治郡東宇治町の2町3村が合併して、宇治市が成立する。
English: Nintendo, famous for cards and video games, possesses all three of its factories in the city.
Japanese: トランプやテレビゲームで有名な任天堂も市内に全工場3個を保有している。
English: The Uji factory, the main factory of Nippon Rayon Co., Ltd., was completed in December 1925.
Japanese: 日本レイヨン株式会社の主力工場である宇治工場が、大正15年（1925年）12月に完成する。
English: The company built the factory there because of the relatively easy procurement of vast commercial land and an abundant water supply from the Uji River.
Japanese: 豊富な宇治川の水源を求め、また、広大な事業用地の確保に打って付けの場所故のことである。
English: In October 1969, Nippon Rayon Co., Ltd. and its parent company, Nichibo Co., Ltd. were merged to form Unittika, Ltd., paving the way for the diversified chemicals manufacturer.
Japanese: 昭和44年（1969年）10月には親会社であったニチボー株式会社と合併し、ユニチカ株式会社が発足し、総合化学メーカーとして歩み出す。
English: The factory has still played an active role in the core business of Unittika even though it has been slimmed down to focus on the production of polyester films and plastics.
Japanese: 現在はポリエステルフィルムやプラスチック製造に特化した工場として規模を小さくしながらも、ユニチカの基幹事業を担っている。
English: The Kyoto factory of Nissan Shatai Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., used to be located in the city, but the factory was shut down in 1999 due to financial difficulties.
Japanese: かつては市内には日産自動車の子会社である日産車体の京都工場があったものの、1999年に経営不振のために閉鎖された。
English: Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada (July 1, 1990)
Japanese: カムループス（カナダ　ブリティッシュコロンビア州、1990年7月1日）
English: Since Uji is a producer of Uji tea, community education programs on tea were provided through public elementary and junior high schools.
Japanese: 宇治茶の産地なのでそれにちなんだ地域教育を公立の小中学校で行われている。
English: As part of the programs to provide dietary education, schools have a facility to serve tea from the faucet.
Japanese: その一環として、茶飲み場施設があり、蛇口よりお茶を出す食育を行っている。
English: The Uji Station (JR West) on the JR Nara Line is located in the center of Uji City and the closest to the city hall, but the Okubo Station (Kyoto Prefecture) on the Kintetsu Kyoto Line, ranking first in the number of passengers, is the de facto central station of the city.
Japanese: 市の位置的中心地であり、市役所への最寄り駅である駅は、JR奈良線の宇治駅(JR西日本)であるが、利用者数は近鉄京都線の大久保駅(京都府)が一番多く、実質こちらが市の中心駅である。
English: Six stations: Rokujizo Station, Kohata Station (JR West), Obaku Station, Uji Station (JR West), JR Ogura Station, Shinden Station (Kyoto Prefecture)
Japanese: 6駅-六地蔵駅、木幡駅(JR西日本)、黄檗駅、宇治駅(JR西日本)、JR小倉駅、新田駅(京都府)
English: The National Highway 24 runs north-south in the west of the city, while the Keiji Bypass runs east-west.
Japanese: 市の西部を国道24号が南北に通り、東西には京滋バイパスが通過している。
English: There are three interchanges in the city: the Uji-higashi Interchange, the Uji-nishi Interchange, and the Ogura Interchange (listed from the eastward).
Japanese: 市内には東から順に宇治東インターチェンジ・宇治西インターチェンジ・巨椋インターチェンジがある。
English: The Keiji Bypass is connected to the Meishin Expressway at the Oyamazaki Junction and the Seta Higashi Junction.
Japanese: 京滋バイパスは大山崎ジャンクションと瀬田東ジャンクションでそれぞれ名神高速道路に接続している。
English: Since Higashiyama Ward in Kyoto has a wealth of historic buildings, regulations on redevelopment projects in the area has been relatively strict, causing insufficient improvement of the living environment; as a result, the ward has become a "sparsely-populated urban area" (the ward has the smallest population in the eleven wards in Kyoto City).
Japanese: 京都のなかでもとりわけ歴史的建造物などの多い場所であるため再開発事業などに対しての規制が比較的厳しく、住環境の整備がなかなか行わない為、『都会の過疎地』となっている（現在、市内11区中で人口が最も少ない。
English: Additionally, among the administrative districts of the ordinance-designated cities in the country, Higashiyama Ward has the highest ratio of those aged sixty-five and over in the general population.
Japanese: また、全国の政令指定都市の行政区の中で、全住民に占める65歳以上の高齢者の比率がもっとも高い）。
English: (from/to Keihan Oto Line Demachiyanagi Station) - Sanjo Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Keihan Shijo Station - Keihan Gojo Station - Shichijo Station - Tofukuji Station - Toba-kaido Station - (from/to Yodoyabashi Station)
Japanese: （至京阪京阪鴨東線出町柳駅）←三条駅(京都府)-四条駅(京阪)-五条駅(京阪)-七条駅-東福寺駅-鳥羽街道駅→（至淀屋橋駅）
English: April 10, 1879: Based on the Gun-ku-cho-son henseiho (Counties, Wards, Towns, and Villages Organization Code), a district office for both Uji-gun and Kuse-gun was established in Uji-go, Uji-gun.
Japanese: 1879年（明治12年）4月10日-郡区町村編制法に基づき宇治郡宇治郷に宇治・久世両郡合同の郡役所を設置。
English: April 1, 1889: As a result of the enactment of the chosonsei (Town and Village System Law), Uji-cho, Yodo-cho, Makishima-mura, Ogura-mura, Okubo-mura, Kutsukawa-mura, Tonosho-mura, Terada-mura, Sayama-mura, and Mimaki-mura were established in Kuse-gun.
Japanese: 1889年（明治22年）4月1日-町村制施行に伴い、久世郡に宇治町・淀町、槇島村・小倉村・大久保村・久津川村・富野荘村・寺田村・佐山村・御牧村が成立する。
English: July 1, 1942: Uji local office was set up in Uji-cho, Kuse-gun to administer Uji-gun and Kuse-gun.
Japanese: 1942年（昭和17年）7月1日-久世郡宇治町に宇治郡・久世郡を管轄する宇治地方事務所を設置。
English: March 1, 1951: Uji-cho, Makishima-mura, Ogura-mura, Okubo-mura, and Higashi-uji-cho in Uji-gun were merged to form Uji City, and Uji City was separated from the gun (district) system.
Japanese: 1951年（昭和26年）3月1日-宇治町・槇島村・小倉村・大久保村が宇治郡東宇治町と合併し、宇治市が発足、郡より離脱。