nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: It is said that she was buried in Ochi no oka no eno misasagi, and the Imperial Household Agency has designated Kurumagi Kennou kofun (tumulus) (round barrow, approximate diameter 45 meters) in Oaza Kurumagi, Takatori Town, Takaichi County, Nara Prefecture an imperial mausoleum of Empress Kogyoku/Saimei.
Japanese: 越智崗上陵（おちのおかのえのみささぎ）に葬られたとされ、宮内庁により奈良県高市郡高取町大字車木にある車木ケンノウ古墳（円墳、直径約45メートル）が皇極・斉明天皇陵に指定されている。
English: However, some researchers have suggested Iwayayama-kofun Tumulus in Asuka Village, Kengoshizuka Tomb also in Asuka Village and Kotani Tomb in Kashihara City as possible candidates for the empress's Ryobo.
Japanese: 但し、研究者の間では明日香村の岩屋山古墳、同村の牽牛子塚古墳、橿原市の小谷古墳も陵墓の候補としてあげられている。
English: Gyomei (Emperor's Name): Takara, Ame no toyotakara ikashihitarashihime no mikoto.
Japanese: 御名宝　天豊財重日足姫尊（あめのとよたからいかしひたらしひめのみこと）
English: Emperor Kotoku (596 - November 24, 654) was the thirty-sixth Emperor of Japan (reign: July 12, 645 - November 24, 654).
Japanese: 孝徳天皇（こうとくてんのう、推古天皇4年（596年）-白雉5年10月10日(旧暦)（654年11月24日））は、日本の第36代天皇（在位：孝徳天皇元年6月14日(旧暦)（645年7月12日）-白雉5年10月10日（654年11月24日））。
English: During his reign there was a court in Naniwa-no-miya (Naniwa Palace), and thus later the period of his reign including its policies (known later as the Taika Reforms) and such were sometimes referred to as Naniwa-cho (Naniwa Court).
Japanese: その在位中には難波宮に宮廷があったことから、後世その在位時期をその政策（後世のいうところの大化改新）などを含めて難波朝（なにわちょう）という別称で称されることがあった。
English: Emperor Kogyoku (Emperor Saimei) was his elder maternal half-sister, and Emperor Tenchi (Naka no Oe no Oji) was his nephew.
Japanese: 皇極天皇（斉明天皇）の同母弟で、天智天皇（中大兄皇子）の叔父にあたる。
English: He married ABE no Kurahashimaro's daughter Otarashihime, and fathered Prince Arima.
Japanese: 阿倍倉梯麻呂の娘の小足媛（おたらしひめ）を妃として、有間皇子を儲けた。
English: Isshi-no-hen (the Murder in the Year of Isshi) occurred in June 645, and Emperor Kogyoku tried to pass on the throne to Naka no Oe no Oji on June 14.
Japanese: 皇極天皇4年（645年）6月に乙巳の変が起きると、14日に皇極天皇は中大兄皇子に位を譲ろうとした。
English: Prince Karu refused the throne three times and recommended Furuhito no Oe no Miko, but Furuhito no Oe no Miko refused it and became a priest.
Japanese: 軽皇子は三度辞退して、古人大兄皇子を推薦したが、古人大兄は辞退して出家した。
English: He gave Emperor Kogyoku the title Sumemioya no mikoto and made Naka no Oe no Oji the Crown Prince.
Japanese: 皇極天皇に皇祖母尊（すめみおやのみこと）という称号を与え、中大兄を皇太子とした。
English: He was the first to establish gengo (an era name), designating 645 as the first year of Taika, and in 650 changed the gengo to Hakuchi in 650.
Japanese: 初めて元号を立てて、大化元年（645年）とし、650年には白雉に改元した。
English: According to "Nihonshoki," Emperor Kotoku implemented system reforms in various fields from 645 through the following year.
Japanese: 『日本書紀』が伝えるところによれば、大化元年から翌年にかけて、孝徳天皇は各分野で制度改革を行なった。
English: Among Kaishin no Mikotonori's (the Imperial Reform Edict) four articles which the Chronicles cited regarding these reforms, the first and the fourth are known to have been altered based on the government regulations of later generations.
Japanese: この改革につき書紀が引用する改新之詔4条のうち、第1条と第4条は、後代の官制を下敷きにして改変されたものであることがわかっている。
English: For this reason, some claim that the major reforms which the Chronicles described had not occurred at this time, and this has become an extremely controversial point regarding the history of Japan, referred to as the Taika Reform Dispute.
Japanese: このことから、書紀が述べるような大改革はこのとき存在しなかったのではないかという説が唱えられ、大化改新論争という日本史学上の一大争点になっている。
English: Josaku (stockades) called Nutari no Ki and Iwafune no Ki were built in Koshi Province to defend against the northern Emishi people, manned by Sakuko (immigrants from the Kanto and Hokuriku regions who were forced to work for the government).
Japanese: 北の蝦夷に対しては、渟足柵、磐舟柵を越国に築き、柵戸を置いて備えた。
English: Emperor Kotoku built Naniwa no Nagara no Toyosaki no Miya Palace (Chuo Ward, Osaka City [Osaka City]) and designated the city as the capital of Japan.
Japanese: 孝徳天皇は難波長柄豊崎宮（大阪市中央区(大阪市)）を造営し、そこを日本の首都と定めた。
English: When the emperor refused, the crown prince moved to the City in Yamato with Empress Kogyoku, his empress and his younger brother (Emperor Tenmu).
Japanese: 天皇がこれを退けると、皇太子は皇祖母尊と皇后、皇弟（天武天皇）を連れて倭に赴いた。
English: Nowadays, some historians claim that Prince Karu was the 'mastermind' who abetted Naka no Oe no Oji to cause 'Isshi no hen.'
Japanese: 近年では、軽皇子が中大兄皇子を教唆して「乙巳の変」を引き起こした「黒幕」であるという説を唱える歴史学者もいる。
English: However, Prince Karu gave important posts to many local ruling families of the Soga clan after he ascended the throne, which is sure to invite debate in future years.
Japanese: しかし軽皇子が即位して後重用したのは蘇我氏系豪族が多く、今後の議論が待たれる。
English: ARATAI no Hirabu mistakenly dug a ditch to Namba and some remonstrated against restarting the construction work, so it was cancelled immediately.
Japanese: 荒田井比羅夫が誤って溝を掘って難波に引き、工事がやり直しになったことを諌める者があったので、即日に中止した。
English: He established Iwafune no Ki to prepare against Ezo and selected citizens from Koshi and Shinano Provinces to place the first Sakuko there.
Japanese: 磐舟柵を治めて蝦夷に備え、越と信濃国の民を選んで初めて柵戸を置いた。
English: - He held a ceremony to see the white Japanese pheasant, granted amnesty and changed the name of the era to Hakuchi (white pheasant), forbade the release of hawks in Anato Province and exempted Anato Province from giving tributes for three years.
Japanese: -白雉を観る儀式を行い、大赦し、白雉と改元し、D265に鷹を放つことを禁じ、同国の調を3年間免除した。
English: - He gave things to people who had had their family tombs destroyed or had been made to relocate to make room for the new palace, and had ARATAI no Hirabu put up a sign marking the boundary of the palace.
Japanese: -宮地にするために墓を壊されたり家を遷されたりした人に物を与え、荒田井比羅夫に宮の堺の標を建てさせた。
English: - He moved from Ogori to a new palace and named it Naniwa Nagara Toyosaki no Miya Palace (there is an article dated December 9, 645 with the same subject).
Japanese: -大郡から新しい宮に遷り、そこを難波長柄豊碕宮と名づけた（大化元年12月9日に同趣旨の記事あり）。
English: - Chima, the envoy bringing tributes from Silla, arrived at Tsukushi Province in Tang costume – the change was condemned and he was driven back.
Japanese: -新羅の貢調使の知万が唐国の服を着て筑紫国に着いたので、その変更をとがめて追い返した。
English: - He called the priest Eon to the Imperial Palace, ordered him to give a lecture on the Sutra of Immeasurable Life, appointed shamon (priest) Eshi to debate with him and 1000 shamon to be the audience.
Japanese: -僧恵隠を内裏に呼び,無量寿経を講じさせ,沙門恵資を論議者とし,沙門1000人を作聴衆にした。
English: - He visited the room where Minhoshi was lying ill and directly offered kind words (also in July, 654).
Japanese: -病中の旻法師の部屋に見舞いに行き、直接やさしい言葉をかけた（白雉5年7月とも）。
English: - Among the five who survived the shipwreck of the envoy to Tang (TAKADA no Nemaro), he commended MONBU Kin who built a raft and sought help, raising his rank and offering a stipend.
Japanese: -難破した遣唐使船（高田根麻呂）の生存者5人のうち、筏を作って助けを求めた門部金を褒め、その位を進め禄を授けた。
English: The crown prince went to Yamato no Asuka no Kawara no Karimiya with the Founder of the Imperial Family (Empress Kogyoku), the empress (Hashihito) and his younger brother.
Japanese: 皇太子は、皇祖母尊（皇極）と皇后（間人）、皇弟を連れて倭飛鳥河辺行宮に行った。
English: Unhappy, the emperor wished to retire from the throne and had a palace built in Yamazaki and sent a song to the empress.
Japanese: 天皇は恨んで皇位を去りたいと思い、宮を山碕に造らせ、歌を皇后に送った。
English: - Hearing of the Emperor's illness, the crown prince led the Founder of the Imperial Family, the empress, his younger brother and court nobles to Naniwa no Miya Palace.
Japanese: -天皇の病を聞き、皇太子が、皇祖母尊、皇后、皇弟、公卿らを率いて難波宮に赴いた。
English: Osaka no Shinaga no Misasagi in Taishi Town, Minamikawachi County, Osaka Prefecture (Osaka Prefecture) is considered to be his burial place.
Japanese: 大阪府南河内郡太子町(大阪府)にある大阪磯長陵（おおさかのしながのみささぎ）とされる。
English: The inmon (words or symbols engraved on the seal) on Gyoji says 'Tenno Gyoji' (Emperor's Gyoji) (written in two vertical lines with 'emperor' on the right and 'Gyoji' on the left) in tensho-tai (seal-engraving style of writing Chinese characters) in square; the seal is placed on instruments of promulgation and ratification of laws, cabinet orders and treaties, credentials of ambassadors and appointment letters and notifications of replacement of the Prime Minister and the Chief Judge of the Supreme Court.
Japanese: 印文は篆書体・角印で「天皇御璽」（2行縦書で右側が「天皇」、左側が「御璽」）であり、法律・政令・条約の公布文や批准書、大使の信任状、内閣総理大臣・最高裁判所長官などの任命の官記や交代の辞令書に捺される。
English: Gyoji had traditionally been cast from copper but the one made in 1868 by Kendo KOZONE was made from stone.
Japanese: 歴代銅で鋳造されたが、1868年（明治初年）小曽根乾堂製作の石印だった。
English: The present Gyoji is about 9 square centimeters, weighs about 4.5 kg and is made of mixed metal (18-carat gold) in order to secure strength.
Japanese: 現在の御璽は強度を保つために合金（十八金）で作られており、大きさは方3寸（約9cm）、重量は約4.5kgある。
English: Rekido ABEI (1805-1883), a master craftsman of seal-engraving in Kyoto, was commissioned with its creation in 1874, and spent a year making it and the seal of state.
Japanese: 1874年（明治7年）、京都に住む印鑑の名匠、安部井櫟堂（あべいれきどう：1805-1883）が命じられ、国璽と共に1年がかりで製作した。
English: It is used with the vermilion ink-pad specially manufactured by the National Printing Bureau and a special ruler (Inku) designed to avoid twisting and misalignment, which also ensures that the seal is placed slightly over the edge of the Emperor's name.
Japanese: 捺す際は、国立印刷局特製の朱肉を用いて、曲がったりずれたりしないように、かつ御名の端に少しかかるように専用の定規（印矩）を当て捺印す。
English: In the Penal Code, the first clause of Article 165 Crimes of Counterfeiting of Seals states that a person who counterfeits the Imperial Seal for the purpose of unauthorized use shall be punished by imprisonment with work for a definite term of not less than two years, and the first clause of Article 154 states that a person who counterfeits an Imperial rescript or other official Imperial document with a counterfeited seal shall be punished by imprisonment with work for life or for a definite term of not less than three years.
Japanese: 御璽を行使の目的で偽造すると印章偽造の罪第164条第1項により2年以上の有期懲役に、偽造した御璽で詔書等の文書を偽装した場合は同法第154条第1項により無期又は3年以上の懲役に処せられる。
English: The Imperial Household Agency (called Kunai-cho in Japanese) is one of the administrative agencies in Japan.
Japanese: 宮内庁（くないちょう、英訳名ImperialHouseholdAgency）は、日本の行政機関の一つ。
English: This agency handles the routine functions of national affairs, office work of receiving of foreign ambassadors and ministers as an emperor's constitutional functions, affairs on Imperial family's ceremonies, and stores the gyoji (the imperial Seal) and the seal of state.
Japanese: 皇室関係の国家事務、天皇の国事行為にあたる外国の大使・公使の接受に関する事務、皇室の儀式に係る事務をつかさどり、御璽・国璽を保管する。
English: In the article of Emperor Temmu in 680 of the oldest history book in Japan, "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan), there was a description on the government posts of Kunaikyo (Minister of the Sovereign's Household) and Miyanouchi no tsukasa no kami and also in the article of in 686, there was another description on Emperor Temmu's funeral that shinobigoto (speech given to the spirit of the departed about his/her merit) was conducted for the "miyanouchi-no-koto" (Imperial family's affairs), from which the original government post was established in the period of Emperor Temmu.
Japanese: 日本最古の歴史書とされる『日本書紀』の天武天皇9年（680年）の条には「宮内卿」「宮内官大夫」の官職が記述され、686年（朱鳥元年）の条には天武天皇の葬送に際して「宮内事」を誄（しのびごと）したとあり、天武天皇の時代には原型となる官職が形成されたと見られる。
English: Later, it is said that, according to the regulations based on Taiho-ryo (Taiho Code) set in 701, an organization similar to the Imperial Household Ministry (kunai-sho, miyanouchi-no-tsukasa) which became one of the Hassho (eight ministries and agencies) was established.
Japanese: その後、701年（大宝(日本)元年）に定められた大宝令官制に至って、後の八省の一つとなる宮内省（くないしょう、みやのうちのつかさ）に類似した組織が定められたとされる。
English: In 1869 after the Meiji Restoration, the Imperial Household Ministry was organized modeled after ancient Dajokan (Great Council of State) System and Kunaikyo was appointed as the Grand Steward of the Ministry.
Japanese: 明治維新後の1869年（明治2年）には、古代の太政官制に倣い、宮内省が組織され、その長官として宮内卿が置かれた。
English: When the cabinet system was set up in 1885, the Imperial Household Minister was established replaced existing Kunaikyo, but the minister was not included in cabinet members following the principle of "distinction between Imperial court and government offices."
Japanese: 1885年（明治18年）に内閣制度が創設される際には、従来の宮内卿に替わって宮内大臣が置かれたが、「宮中府中の別」の原則に従って、宮内大臣は内閣の一員とされなかった。
English: In 1886, regulations for Ministry of the Imperial Household were established and the organization of two sections, five offices (shiki), six bureaus, and four departments was set up.
Japanese: 1886年（明治19年）には宮内省官制が定められ、2課5職6寮4局の組織が定まった。
English: In 1889, Former Imperial House Act was established when the Constitution of the Empire of Japan was proclaimed, and the principle of autonomy of the Imperial Household was established.
Japanese: 1889年（明治22年）には、大日本帝国憲法の公布とともに、旧皇室典範が裁定され、皇室自律の原則が確立した。
English: In 1908, regulations for Ministry of the Imperial Household came into force based on Koshitsu-rei (the Imperial Families' Act) and the Imperial Household Minister was set up as an agency to make advices to the Emperor with full responsibility of the results (hohitsu) all the Imperial Household affairs.
Japanese: 1908年（明治41年）には、皇室令による宮内省官制が施行され、宮内大臣は皇室一切の事務につき天皇を輔弼する機関とされた。
English: In 1945, at the end of the war, the Imperial Household Ministry had became a big organization with 13 extra-ministerial bureaus such as Naidaijin-fu (Minister of Interior's Office), ceremonial staff, Outadokoro (Imperial Poetry Bureau), Imperial Household Museum, Imperial Forestry Bureau, and The Gakushuin School Corporation, and Imperial Household Agency Kyoto Office as well as one Secretariat, two offices, eight bureaus, and two departments, and had more than 6.200 employees.
Japanese: 1945年（昭和20年）の終戦の際には、宮内省は、1官房2職8寮2局のほか、内大臣府、掌典職、御歌所、帝室博物館、帝室林野局、学習院など13の外局と京都事務所を持ち、職員6,200人余を擁する大きな組織となっていた。
English: After that, the agency slimed down its organization by transferring its office routine work of the Imperial Household Agency to other government agencies or separating some work from the agency, and changed from the Imperial Household Ministry to Kunaifu (Imperial Household Agency) along with the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan on May 3, 1947, and became one of agencies under the prime minister.
Japanese: その後、宮内省の事務を他の政府機関に移管もしくは分離独立して機構の縮小を図り、1947年（昭和22年）5月3日の日本国憲法施行とともに、宮内省から宮内府となり、内閣総理大臣の所轄する機関となった。
English: Kunaifu had one Secretariat, three offices, three bureaus and Kyoto Office under the Grand Steward of Kunaifu, and the number of employees was reduced to a little under 1,500.
Japanese: 宮内府は、宮内府長官の下、1官房3職3寮と京都事務所が置かれ、職員数も1,500人弱となった。
English: On June 1st, 1949, as a result of enforcement of the General Administrative Agency of the Cabinet Establishment Act, Kunaifu was changed to Kunai-cho, the Imperial Household Agency, and became an extra-ministerial bureau of the Prime Minister's Office, and the post of the deputy director of Imperial Household Agency was set under the Grand Steward of the Imperial Household Agency, and one Secretariat, three offices, two departments, and Kyoto Office were set up.
Japanese: 1949年（昭和24年）6月1日には、総理府設置法の施行により、宮内府は宮内庁となって総理府の外局となり、宮内庁長官の下に宮内庁次長が置かれ、1官房3職2部と京都事務所が設置された。
English: On January 6, 2001, Cabinet Office Establishment Act came into force as part of the reform of central government ministries and agencies and the Imperial Household Agency was incorporated into the Cabinet Office.
Japanese: 2001年（平成13年）1月6日には、中央省庁等改革の一環として内閣府設置法が施行され、宮内庁は内閣府に置かれた。
English: It was used as a temporal palace until the present palace was built after the Meiji Kyuden Imperial Palace was destroyed in a fire.
Japanese: 明治宮殿が焼失してから今の宮殿が建設されるまでの間仮宮殿として用いられた。
English: Address: 1-1 Chiyoda, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo Metropolis (in the Imperial Palace, north of Sakashita Mon) and the address of the entire Imperial Palace is Chiyoda, Chiyoda Ward.
Japanese: 所在地：東京都千代田区千代田1番1（皇居内・坂下門の北側）なお、皇居全体が「千代田区千代田」である。
English: Restaurant: it is an ordinary staff's dining room that staff of the Imperial Household Agency, persons concerned, press club members can use, and in this room, there is an vending machine to sell milk produced in Goryo Farm (farm of imperial property) and anyone who can use the dinning room can buy it.
Japanese: 食堂：宮内庁職員・関係者・記者クラブ関係者が利用できる普通の職員食堂であるが、ここには御料牧場で生産された牛乳の自動販売機が設置されており、食堂を利用できる者であれば誰でも購入できる。
English: The agency has internal subdivisions (Grand Steward's Secretariat, three offices, two departments), two agencies and facilities, one office for Local Branch Bureaus and Departments.
Japanese: 内部部局（長官官房、3職、2部）、2施設等機関、1地方支分部局を設置する。
English: The Board of Chamberlains and Togu-shiki (the Board of the Crown Prince's Affairs) serve specifically as aides for Emperor family and the Crown Prince family respectively, so if the Crown Prince succeeds to the throne, all Togu-shiki move to the Board of Chamberlains with the new Emperor and Empress and most of the former Board of Chamberlains staff move either to serve for the Empress Dowager who was the Empress of Taiko-Tenno (the departed emperor) or to become Togu-shiki to serve new Crown Prince.
Japanese: 侍従職と東宮職はそれぞれ天皇一家、皇太子一家の側近奉仕という特質上、皇位継承があった場合、東宮職の職員は即位した天皇皇后について侍従職に移り、逆にもとにいた侍従職のほとんどの職員が、大行天皇の皇后であった皇太后の側近奉仕をする皇太后宮職に移るか、新皇太子の側近奉仕をする東宮職に移る。
English: The ceremonial staff who is responsible for court rituals is the staff of the "inner court" and not the staff of the Imperial Household Agency or national agencies (national public officer).
Japanese: 宮中祭祀を担当する掌典職は、「内廷」の職員であって、宮内庁や国の機関の職員（国家公務員）ではない。
English: - This agency administers national properties such as Kyoto Imperial Palace, Sento Imperial Palace, Katsura Imperial Villa, Shugakuin Imperial Villa and the Imperial mausoleums and tombs of Imperial families in the Kinki region under the supervision of the Momoyama Mausoleum Region, Tsukinowa Mausoleum Region, Unebi Mausoleum Region, and Furuichi Mausoleum Region.
Japanese: -国有財産である京都御所、仙洞御所、桂離宮、修学院離宮と桃山陵墓監区、月輪陵墓監区、畝傍陵墓監区、古市陵墓監区の各所轄の近畿地方の天皇陵や皇族の墓を管理する。
English: The post of Grand Steward has been officers certified by the Emperor since the establishment of Kunaifu in 1947 and the name change to Imperial Household Agency and the effectuation of the Constitution of Japan in 1949, and its appointment and dismissal are attest by the Emperor.
Japanese: 1947年の宮内府設置、1949年の宮内庁改称と日本国憲法の施行以来一貫して長官の職は認証官であり、その任免は天皇により認証される。
English: In recent year, it has become an institution that the deputy secretary such as former Ministry of Interior or one who experienced an equal post (the Tokyo Metropolitan Police commissioner) takes up the grand steward position.
Japanese: 尚、近年では旧内務省(日本)系官庁の事務次官あるいはそれに準ずるポスト（警視総監）の経験者が就任するのが慣例となっている。
English: Imperial Prince Kitashirakawanomiya Yoshihisa (April 1, 1847 - October 28, 1895) was a member of the imperial family and a military man in the army over the end of the Edo period to the Meiji period.
Japanese: 北白川宮能久親王（きたしらかわのみやよしひさしんのう、1847年4月1日（弘化4年2月16日(旧暦)）-1895年（明治28年）10月28日は、幕末・明治時代の皇族、陸軍軍人。
English: In June 1867, he traveled down to Edo and entered Kanei-ji Temple in Ueno, then succeeded to Sanzan Kanryo no miya (also called Toei Daio and serve as chief priest of Kanei-ji Temple, Nikko Rinno-ji Temple Monzeki (head priest), Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect) (to be precise, zasu (temple's head priest)of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei) at the same time) along with the retirement of Imperial Prince and Monk Jisho in the same month.
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）5月、江戸に下って上野の寛永寺に入り、同月慈性入道親王の隠退に伴って三山管領宮（寛永寺貫主・日光輪王寺門跡・天台座主（正確には比叡山延暦寺座主）を兼ね、東叡大王ともいう）を継承した。
English: Although Imperial Prince Yoshihisa did not actually have an opportunity to serve as zasu of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei, it is not correct to say that he was not Tendai-zasu because the Tendai Sect was administered by Kanei-ji Temple, not by Enryaku-ji Temple.
Japanese: ただし能久親王は実際には比叡山延暦寺座主につく機会がなかったが、江戸時代においては延暦寺ではなく寛永寺が天台宗を管轄したため、彼が天台座主でなかったというのは正確でない。
English: In 1868, after the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, monk-Prince Kogen visited Tosei Daisotoku (the Great Governor-General in charge of the military expedition to the east) Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito in Sunpu at the request of bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and asked for the previous Shogun Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA's life and the cancellation of tosei (military expedition to the east) to a new government.
Japanese: 慶応4年（1868年）、鳥羽・伏見の戦いののち、公現入道親王は幕府の依頼を受けて東征大総督・有栖川宮熾仁親王を駿府に訪ね、新政府に前将軍徳川慶喜の助命と東征中止の嘆願を行う。
English: However, while conditions were offered to save his life, the cancellation of tosei was dismissed by Prince Taruhito.
Japanese: しかし、助命については条件を示されたものの東征中止は熾仁親王に一蹴された。
English: After that, he was put up by shogitai (group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the Battle of Ueno) holed up in Kanei-ji Temple and thus he got involved in Ueno War and escaped to Tohoku region after defeat.
Japanese: その後、寛永寺に立て篭もった彰義隊に擁立されて上野戦争に巻き込まれ、その敗北により東北地方に逃避した。
English: He took refuge in the Sendai Domain and he was put up as the leader of Ouetsu-reppan alliance (One theory has it that he used 'Mutsutoki' as his secular name (imina)).
Japanese: 仙台藩に身を寄せ、奥羽越列藩同盟の盟主に擁立された（一説には俗名（諱）を「陸運（むつとき）」としたという）。
English: In October 1868, the Sendai Domain surrendered to New government army and monk-Prince Kogen was ordered to keep to his house in Kyoto.
Japanese: 明治元年（1868年）9月、仙台藩は新政府軍に降伏し、公現入道親王は京都で蟄居を申し付けられた。
English: In October 1869, he was absolved from punishment and in October 1870 he returned to Fushimi no miya.
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）9月、処分を解かれ、明治3年（1870年）10月に伏見宮に復帰。
English: He returned to secular life at the Emperor Meiji's command and he was called Fushimi Mitsunomiya, which was his childhood name.
Japanese: 明治天皇の命により還俗し、幼名の伏見満宮（ふしみみつのみや）と呼ばれた。
English: At that time he was ordered to come to Tokyo and at the same time it was decided that he would live in the residence of Prince Taruhito whom he has negotiated with in Sunpu two years ago until he left for studying in Germany.
Japanese: このとき上京を命じられ、同時に2年前に駿府で談判した縁故のある熾仁親王の邸に、ドイツ留学に出発するまでのあいだ同居する事となった。
English: In January 1871, he left Japan for studying in the Kingdom of Prussia.
Japanese: 明治3年（1870年）12月プロイセン王国に留学のため日本を離れる。
English: In December 1876, he got engaged to Berta, a German dowager, and asked the Meiji Government to permit marriage, but the government expressed disapproval of his marriage and ordered him to return to Japan.
Japanese: 明治9年12月、ドイツの貴族の未亡人ベルタと婚約、明治政府に対し結婚の許可を申し出が、政府は難色を示し帰国を命じる。
English: Just before the departure for Japan, Prince Yoshihisa announced his engagement in German newspapers and so on and it became a big problem.
Japanese: 帰国の直前に能久親王は自らの婚約をドイツの新聞等に発表したため大問題となった。
English: However, he finally returned to Japan in October 1877 and broke off his engagement by persuasion of Tomomi IWAKURA and others and resulted in confinement to his residence in Kyoto again.
Japanese: しかし結局明治10年7月に帰国し、岩倉具視らの説得で婚約を破棄、京都でまた謹慎することになる。
English: In 1884 he was promoted to Army Major General and in 1892 he was promoted to Lieutenant General.
Japanese: 1884年（明治17年）は陸軍少将、さらに1892年（明治25年）中将に昇進している。
English: Moreover, he became the first president of Doitsugaku Kyokai (Society for German Studies) and later he worked to establish Doitsugaku Kyokai Gakko (School of the Society for German Studies).
Japanese: また、獨逸学協会の初代総裁となり、後に獨逸学協会学校設立に尽力した。
English: In 1895, as Commanding General of Konoe Shidan (the Japanese Imperial Guard) for the Taiwan expedition, he went to Taiwan ceded to Japan after the Sino-Japanese War.
Japanese: 1895年（明治28年）、日清戦争によって日本に割譲された台湾征討近衛師団長として出征。
English: Since he was the first member of the Japanese imperial family known to have died outside of Japan, and the first to have died in war, he was specially promoted to Army General and then a state funeral was held for him and he was buried at Toshimagaoka Cemetery.
Japanese: 皇族としては初めての外地における殉職者となったため、陸軍大将に特進の後国葬に付され、豊島岡墓地に葬られた。
English: At the time of his state funeral, public opinion for the enshrinement of Prince Yoshihisa arose and as a result Taiwan-jingu Shrine was erected in Taipei and Tainan-jinja Shrine in the place of his death.
Japanese: また国葬時より神社奉斎の世論が沸き起こり、台北に台湾神宮、終焉の地には台南神社が創建された。
English: As these shrines in Taiwan were all demolished after defeat in the war, he is now enshrined at Yasukuni-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 敗戦後にこれら台湾の神社はすべて破却されたため、現在は靖国神社にて祀られている。