nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: However, it is thought that once Nobunaga established control of Kyoto, the castle lost its military importance and was abandoned.
Japanese: しかしながら、信長の京都支配が確立すると、その軍事的意義を失って廃城になったと見られている。
English: Funaoka-yama Mountain is a hill of 112 meters above sea level, with an area of 82,644.63 square meters, located in Murasakino Kitafunaoka-cho, Kita Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: 船岡山は京都市北区紫野北舟岡町にある標高112m、面積2万5千坪の小山である。
English: It is said that, based on the Inyo gogyo shiso (Yin-Yang Wu-Hsing theory) and on feng shui theory, Funaoka-yama Mountain is a hill of the god Genbu (a Chinese god) where vital energy of the earth overflows.
Japanese: 陰陽五行思想、風水思想に基づいて、船岡山は大地の気が溢れ出る、玄武の小山と言われている。
English: Funaokayama-jo Castle was built as a castle for the troops of the western group in the Onin War that started in 1467.
Japanese: 船岡山城は、応仁元年（1467年）に始まる応仁の乱の西軍の城として築造された。
English: As its remains, horizontal trenches are dug on the slopes of the mountain, and mud walls exist outside these trenches.
Japanese: 遺構としては山腹に横堀が掘られており、堀の外側土塁が積みあがっている。
English: There is also a large, flattened area on top of the mountain, indicating that it was a typical yamashiro.
Japanese: また山頂部にはかなり広い削平面が確認でき、典型的な中世の山城であった。
English: In the Onin War, Noriyuki YAMANA, a military governor of Bizen Province, and Yoshinao ISSHIKI, a military governor of Tango Province, barricaded themselves in this castle.
Japanese: 応仁の乱で、備前国守護の山名教之や丹後国守護の一色義直らが船岡山城で立てこもった。
English: At this time, a western army used the area around Funaoka-yama Mountain for its encampment, and therefore the area later came to be called 'Nishijin' (the encampment of the western army group).
Japanese: この時に、西軍は船岡山一帯を陣地としたため、その後「西陣」の名で呼ばれるようになる。
English: Next, the castle was the site of Funaokayama no kassen (battle at Mt. Funaoka), the famous battle fought between Masayoshi HOSOKAWA and Yoshioki OUCHI in 1511.
Japanese: 次は、永正8年（1511年）に細川政賢と大内義興の間で繰り広げられた有名な船岡山合戦が行われた。
English: The entire area of Funaoka-yama Mountain (Castle), which was important in many instances in Japanese history, has been designated as a national historic site (designated on February 15, 1968).
Japanese: 日本の歴史の重要な舞台にしばしば登場した船岡山（城）の全体が国の史跡に指定されている（昭和43年2月15日指定）。
English: Furthermore, the area was included in the 200 selected Kyoto treasures of nature (designated on March 27, 1995, by Kyoto Prefecture) and was also designated as a scenic area (on July 14, 1931 by Kyoto City), to protect the geographical shape and present state of the area from being altered.
Japanese: また、京都の自然200選（平成7年3月27日京都府指定）、風致地区（昭和6年7月14日京都市指定）にも指定され、地形や現状の変更が行われないように保護が計られている。
English: Get on a Kyoto City bus at Kitaoji Station on the Karasuma Line of Kyoto City Subway, and get off the bus at the Funaokayama bus stop or at the bus stop in front of Kenkun-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 京都市営地下鉄烏丸線北大路駅より京都市営バス乗車、船岡山バス停または建勲神社前バス停下車
English: The Kaiyu style garden is a Japanese garden where circulating walking paths are provided for enjoying views of the garden.
Japanese: 回遊式庭園（かいゆうしきていえん）は、日本庭園の形式のひとつで、園内を回遊して鑑賞する庭園。
English: Gardens with circulating walking paths exist in countries other than Japan, but the term Kaiyu is mostly used for Japanese style gardens.
Japanese: 園内を回遊する形式の庭園は日本以外にも存在するが、回遊式庭園という語は主に日本庭園のみを指して用いられる。
English: Kaiyu style gardens progressed from gardens for daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) in the Edo period, and it is said that all elements of Japanese gardens before that era are integrated there.
Japanese: 回遊式庭園は、江戸時代に大名によって造営された大名庭園において発達した形式であり、日本庭園の集大成とも位置づけられる。
English: The most typical such gardens are called Chisen Kaiyu style gardens, in which a big pond is placed at the center, walking paths are provided around the pond, and the landscape, for example, of a scenic spot was reproduced with tsukiyama (artificial miniature hills), small islands in the pond, bridges and beautiful stones.
Japanese: 最も一般的な形式は池泉回遊式庭園（ちせんかいゆうしきていえん）と呼ばれるもので、大きな池を中心に配し、その周囲に園路を巡らして、築山、池中に設けた小島、橋、名石などで各地の景勝などを再現した。
English: Houses for tea ceremony and azuma-ya (small arbors) are placed in various locations in the garden, for resting while walking or for enjoying views of the garden.
Japanese: 園路の所々には、散策中の休憩所として、また、庭園を眺望する展望所として、茶亭、東屋などが設けられた。
English: Sanboin Garden of Daigo-ji Temple is a Japanese style garden located in Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 醍醐寺三宝院庭園（だいごじさんぽういんていえん）は、京都府京都市伏見区にある日本庭園である。
English: It is the garden of Sanboin, an Inge (a branch temple to support services of the main temple) of Daigo-ji Temple, and was designated as a national historic site and a place of special scenic beauty in 1952.
Japanese: 醍醐寺の院家である三宝院の庭園であり、1952年（昭和27年）に国の特別史跡および特別名勝に指定された。
English: In 874, Rigen Daishi Shobo, a second generation disciple of Kukai, built Daigo-ji Temple on Kasatori-yama Mountain (located in Kyoto Prefecture).
Japanese: 874年（貞観(日本)16年）、空海の孫弟子にあたる理源大師聖宝が笠取山(京都府)に醍醐寺を創建した。
English: The areas around the top and the foot of the mountain are called 'Kami-Daigo' (upper Daigo) and 'Shimo-Daigo' (lower Daigo), respectively, and both areas flourished with magnificent dotogaran (the temple's halls, pagodas and cathedrals).
Japanese: 山頂付近は「上醍醐」、山麓一帯は「下醍醐」と呼ばれ、堂塔伽藍が立ち並び繁栄した。
English: Sanboin was established by Shokaku in 1115, the 14th zasu (head priest) of Daigo-ji Temple, and produced many zasu for generations.
Japanese: 三宝院は1115年（永久(日本)3年）、醍醐寺第14代座主勝覚が開いたものである。
English: In particular, the zasu at Daigo-ji Temple was monopolized by the zasu at Sanbo-in since 1428.
Japanese: 特に、歴代の座主を輩出し、1428年（応永35年）以降は三宝院主が醍醐寺座主の地位を独占した。
English: However, many buildings of Daigo-ji Temple, including Sanbo-in, were lost in fires caused by fighting in the Onin War started in 1467, laying ruin to the temple.
Japanese: しかし醍醐寺は1467年（応仁元年）に始まった応仁の乱の兵火に巻き込まれ、三宝院を含む多くの建物が焼失し、一帯は荒廃してしまう。
English: The ruined temple was reconstructed by Gien, who assumed the post of the 80th zasu in 1576.
Japanese: 荒廃した醍醐寺を復興したのが、1576年（天正4年）に第80代座主の地位に就いた義演であった。
English: Gien had a great patron in Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and in 1598 held a cherry blossom-viewing party at Daigo, centered on Kongorin-in of the Daigo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 義演は豊臣秀吉の手厚い庇護を受け、1598年（慶長3年）の醍醐の花見を醍醐寺の金剛輪院を中心として執り行った。
English: Sanboin Garden was basically designed by Hideyoshi himself when the cherry blossom-viewing party at Daigo was held.
Japanese: 三宝院庭園は、この醍醐の花見に際して、豊臣秀吉が自らが基本設計を行ったものである。
English: The construction of the garden started in April after the cherry blossom-viewing party at Daigo ended, and, after Hideyoshi died in August, was continued under guidance of Gien.
Japanese: 作庭は醍醐の花見が終わった4月から始められ、その年の8月に秀吉が死去した後は義演の指導のもとで続けられた。
English: Gien advanced the plan, based on Hideyoshi's basic design, and had first-class garden designers participated in building the garden.
Japanese: 義演は秀吉の基本設計をもとにさらに構想を発展させ、また当時一流の庭師を作庭に参画させた。
English: The work to construct the garden continued for 27 years until Gien died in 1624.
Japanese: 作庭は義演が亡くなる1624年（元和10年）までの27年間にわたった。
English: Sanbo-in Garden was initially designed as a Kansho-shiki garden (a garden whose view is to be enjoyed) to be viewed from the omote shoin (main drawing room).
Japanese: 当初、三宝院庭園は表書院から眺めるための鑑賞式庭園として設計された。
English: However, after Gien died, a house for tea ceremony was built in the garden and the garden itself was modified so as to provide circulating walking paths.
Japanese: しかし、義演の死後に庭園内に茶室が置かれ、回遊もできるように造り変えられた。
English: In the pond at the center of the garden, there are a 'kame-shima island' (literally, a tortoise island) and a 'tsuru-shima island' (literally, a crane island), each connected to the land around the pond with a bridge.
Japanese: 庭園の中心を占める池には「亀島」「鶴島」が配され、橋が架けられている。
English: The 'Fujito-ishi' (Fushito stone) placed on the front side was originally in the residence of the Hosokawa clan, a kanrei-ke family (a family in the post of kanrei, or shogunal deputy), and Hideyoshi had the stone brought here from the Jurakudai residence.
Japanese: 正面に据えられている「藤戸石」は、元々は管領家の細川氏の邸宅にあったもので、秀吉が聚楽第から運ばせたものである。
English: On the back side, a three-step fall made of artificially-placed rocks makes for varied sound of flowing water.
Japanese: 背後には水の音が変化するようにしつらえられた三段の滝石組が造られている。
English: Sanbo-in Garden is precious as a Japanese garden where the gorgeous atmosphere of the Azuchi-Momoyama period can be felt, and was designated as a national special historic site and a place of special beauty in 1952.
Japanese: 三宝院庭園は、安土桃山時代の華やかな雰囲気を今日に伝える日本庭園として貴重なものであり、1952年（昭和27年）に国の特別史跡および特別名勝に指定された。
English: Junna-in Palace was Emperor Junna's Rikyu (an imperial villa) or Goin Palace in Ukyo Shi jo Ni bo (present-day Ukyo Ward, Kyoto Prefecture) in Heian-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Kyoto.)
Japanese: 淳和院（じゅんないん）は、平安京の右京4条2坊（現在の京都府右京区）にあった淳和天皇の離宮・後院。
English: The year of construction is unknown, but in 813 when Emperor Junna's Kotaitei (the younger brother of an Emperor sho is heir apparent) was taking up the reins, his older brother Emperor Saga visited this place called Nanchi-in Palace at that time.
Japanese: 建築された年代は不明であるが、淳和天皇の皇太弟時代の弘仁4年（813年）に実兄の嵯峨天皇が当時南池院と呼ばれていたここに行幸している。
English: After the enthronement of Emperor Junna, it became Rikyu, and on March 26, 833, he declared the abdication of the throne to his nephew Imperial Prince Masara (Emperor Ninmyo) here.
Japanese: 淳和天皇の即位後は離宮となり、天長10年2月28日(旧暦)（833年3月22日）にここで甥の正良親王（仁明天皇）への譲位を宣言した。
English: After stepping down from the throne, the Retired Emperor Junna lived here with Empress Dowager, Imperial Princess Masako (Dowager Empress Junna, Emperor Saga's Imperial Princess), and died in seven years.
Japanese: 淳和上皇は退位後にはここに皇太后となった正子内親王（淳和太后・嵯峨天皇の皇女）と暮らしていたが、7年後に崩御した。
English: After the Retired Emperor's bereaved child, Imperial Prince Tsunesada was deposed from princess due to the Jowa Incident and confined to Junna-in Palace, Imperial Princess Masako and Imperial Prince Tsunesada were quietly devoted to Buddhism training here.
Japanese: 更に承和の変によって上皇の遺児・恒貞親王が皇太子を廃されて淳和院に押し込められると、以後正子内親王・恒貞親王はここで静かに仏道修行に専念した。
English: After the palace burned in 874 and was rebuilt, Imperial Princess Masako made this palace a temple for nuns who could not officially become priests due to the Court's Buddhism policy.
Japanese: 貞観(日本)16年（874年）の火災で一度は焼失するが、再建後に正子内親王はここを当時朝廷の仏教政策で正式な僧侶になることが出来なかった尼のために尼寺とした。
English: On January 8, 882, after the death of Imperial Princess Masako, at the request of Imperial Prince Tsunetada, the Court established Kugyo betto at this palace to manage Junna-in Palace, the imperial mausoleums of the Retired Emperor Saga, TACHIBANA no Kachiko and Dowager Empress Junna (Imperial Princess Masako), Daikaku-ji Temple associated with the Retired Emperor Saga and Danrin-ji Temple associated with the Empress Danrin.
Japanese: 正子内親王の死後の元慶5年12月11日（882年1月4日）、朝廷は恒貞親王の要望を受けてここに公卿別当を設置して淳和院と嵯峨上皇・橘嘉智子・淳和太后（正子内親王）の陵墓、そして嵯峨上皇ゆかりの大覚寺と檀林皇后ゆかりの檀林寺の管理を行わせることとした。
English: Because the Retired Emperor Saga was an ancestor of Saga-Genji (Minamoto clan) as the first Minamoto clan, the idea that the post of Junnain Betto would be connected with the Minamoto clan was gradually accepted.
Japanese: 嵯峨上皇は、最初の源氏である嵯峨源氏の祖であることから、次第に淳和院別当の職と源氏が結び付けられて考えられるようになっていった。
English: In 1140, MINAMOTO no Masasada, Genji choja (the top of the Minamoto clan) of Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) took the posts of both Junnain Betto and Shogakuin Betto (chancellor of Shogakuin,) and after that, the custom that Genji choja served as both Junnain Betto and Shogakuin Betto continued until the Meiji Restoration.
Japanese: 保延6年（1140年）に村上源氏の源氏長者源雅定が淳和院と奨学院別当を兼務して以後、淳和院別当・奨学院別当は源氏長者を兼ねる慣例が生まれて明治維新まで継承された。
English: Initially, the Genji choja post was filled by people from the Koga family and the Nakanoin family, as these were Murakami-Genji's main branches, though there were cases in which these posts were taken by members of branches of the Koba or Nakanoin families.
Japanese: 当初は村上源氏でも嫡流とされた久我家・中院家から源氏長者が出され、稀に人がいないとの理由でその庶流から出される例があった。
English: However, after Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, Seii Taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), was assigned to Genji choja in 1383 and at the same time took the posts of both Junnain Betto and Shogakuin Betto, Shogun of the Muromachi shogunate continued to take the two Betto posts.
Japanese: しかし、永徳3年（弘和3年/1383年）に室町幕府征夷大将軍足利義満が源氏長者に任じられ、同時に淳和院と奨学院の別当を兼ねて、以後室町幕府将軍が別当を務めた。
English: After the Meio Coup, Murakami-Genji again continued to be assigned to the post of the family head of the Minamoto clan and the two Betto posts.
Japanese: ただし、明応の政変以後は再び村上源氏が源氏長者とともに別当を継承するようになった。
English: However, as a result of confusion in Kyoto in and after the Onin War, it is thought that Junna-in Palace disappeared or was destroyed and Junnain Betto was just a nominal title.
Japanese: ただし、応仁の乱以後の京都の混乱に伴ってこの時期には淳和院は廃絶したと考えられており、淳和院別当は名目だけの肩書きであったとされている。
English: When Ieyasu TOKUGAWA established the Edo bakufu, he took the posts of the family head of the Minamoto clan and Junnain Betto and Shogakuin Betto, and after that successive Shoguns continued to take the posts.
Japanese: そして、徳川家康が江戸幕府を開いた際に源氏長者と淳和院・奨学院別当を兼務して以後、以後歴代の将軍に引き継がれることになった。
English: In 1927, the Junna-in Palace ruins were excavated and large numbers of Kawara tiles and earthenware were discovered.
Japanese: なお、昭和2年（1927年）に淳和院遺構の発掘が行われ、多数の瓦や土器の欠片が発掘されたという。
English: Kasuga-zukuri style, which is typified by Kasuga-taisha Shrine, employs kirizuma-zukuri style (an architectural style with a gabled roof) with a Tsuma-iri (entrance on the gable side) as is the case with taisha-zukuri style as exemplified by Izumo-taisha Shrine; however, its roof is curved toward each side and is also provided at the front, forming a kohai (a roof built over the steps leading up to a temple building (i.e., eaves)).
Japanese: 春日大社に代表される春日造は、出雲大社に代表される大社造と同様に、切妻造・妻入であるが、屋根が左右に反り、前方にも付設されて向拝（庇）となったもの。
English: The structure of kasuga-zukuri style employs kirizuma-zukuri style with a Tsuma-iri, and, similar to taisha-zukuri style, elegant curves are provided on the roof.
Japanese: 春日造の構造は、切妻造・妻入であり、屋根には大社造同様の優美な曲線が与えられる。
English: If ketayuki (distance spanned by the longitudinal purlins or plates of the main frame) is approximately 3.6 meters (two pillars), the structure is referred to as ikkensha Kasuga-zukuri style (shrines built to the width of just a single bay at the gable ends), and if ketayuki is approximately 5.5 meters (four pillars), the structure is referred to as sangensha Kasuga-zukuri style (shrines built to the width of three bays at the gable ends).
Japanese: 桁行（横に並んだ柱の間）が1間であれば（柱が2本）一間社春日造、3間であれば（柱が4本）三間社春日造という。
English: Rokuhara yakata is the term for indicating the residences that once existed at the foot of Higashi-yama Mountain as a whole.
Japanese: 六波羅館（ろくはらやかた）は京都の東山山麓にかつて存在した邸宅群の総称である。
English: Initially, the residence of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) was built there, and then Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) used the place after Ise-Heishi was ruined.
Japanese: はじめ伊勢平氏の居館として築かれ、伊勢平氏が滅亡した後には六波羅探題が入居した。
English: It started with Amida-do Hall (a temple hall enshrining an image of Amitabha, present Joko-in Temple) built by TAIRA no Masamori, and this place became the base of Ise-Heishi.
Japanese: この地に伊勢平氏が根拠地を築くきっかけとなったのは、平正盛建立の阿弥陀堂である（現在の常光院）。
English: However, it is considered that in the best era of Ise-Heishi when the clan was most prosperous, the north side border was the street that extended east from Gojo-oji Street (the fifth major east-west street) in Heian-kyo Capital (present Matsubara-dori Street), the east side border was Kuruma-oji Street (literally, a big street for vehicles), and the south side border was the street extended east from Rokujo-oji Street (the sixth major east-west street).
Japanese: しかしながら、伊勢平氏が繁栄を謳歌した最盛期には、北側が平安京の五条大路を東に延長した通り（現在の松原通）、東側が車大路、南側が平安京の六条大路を東に延長した通りであったと考えられている。
English: The area was surrounded by walls, and inside there were 3,200 or more houses built with 'Izumi-dono,' the residence of the Soryo (government) family, at the center of them.
Japanese: 周囲は塀を巡らせ、内部には伊勢平氏の惣領家の邸宅「泉殿（いずみどの）」を中心として「屋敷三千二百余宇」が立ち並んでいた。
English: According to research by Seiroku OTA, the Izumi-dono residence was much smaller than Shinden-zukuri style residences built before then.
Japanese: 平忠盛、平清盛らの居館となった泉殿は、太田静六の研究によると、それ以前の寝殿造に較べて極端に小さいものであったとされる。
English: Izumi-dono was positioned as the residence of the clan head and, therefore, when Kiyomori moved to Fukuhara in 1169, this residence was handed over to TAIRA no Shigemori, his heir.
Japanese: 泉殿は氏長者の邸宅と位置づけられており、1169年に清盛が福原に移ると、この邸宅は後継者の平重盛に譲られた。
English: After that, even when Kiyomori visited Kyoto, he did not stay at Izumi-dono but at the residence of his wife, TAIRA no Tokiko, in Nishi-hachijo.
Japanese: その後、清盛が上京した際にも清盛は泉殿ではなく、西八条にあった妻の平時子の邸宅に滞在している。
English: On a related note, in the era of Kiyomori, Hoju-ji Temple where Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa lived existed just on the south side of Rokuhara yakata.
Japanese: ちなみに清盛の時代、六波羅館のすぐ南には後白河法皇の住んだ法住寺があった。
English: Kokerabuki is a roofing method in which thin wood boards are used as the roofing material.
Japanese: 杮葺（こけらぶき）とは、屋根葺手法の一つで、木材の薄板を用いて施工する。
English: It is a traditional roofing method used from ancient times in Japan, and is used for the roofs of many cultural properties.
Japanese: 日本古来から伝わる伝統的手法で、多くの文化財の屋根で見ることができる。
English: The mokoshi (small roof-like structures attached to walls), unique to the main hall of Horyu-ji Temple, have roofs made by placing a board overlapping the adjacent board.
Japanese: 法隆寺金堂の裳階だけに見られる厚い木片を互い違いに重ねた板屋根が用いられている。
English: It should be noted that the shape of the character "杮" (kokera) and that of the character "柿" (persimmon) are quite similar but different.
Japanese: 尚、「杮（こけら）」の字と「柿（かき）」の字は非常に似ているが別字である。
English: "杮" (kokera) indicates a piece of wood or wood shavings as in "kokera" in "kokera-otoshi" (literally, dropping kokera and actually, meaning the opening of a new theater: this term originates in that pieces of unnecessary wood are dropped after the building work completed).
Japanese: 「杮（こけら）」は「こけらおとし」の「こけら」同様、木片・木屑の意味。
English: Water-resistant wood with a pronounced grain that is easy to shape, such as Japanese cypress, Japanese false cypress, Japanese cedar and Japanese hackberry, is used.
Japanese: ヒノキ、サワラ(植物)、スギ、エノキなど、筋目がよく通って削ぎやすく、水に強い材木が用いられる。
English: Itabuki is used for the roofs of the five-storied pagoda in Horyu-ji Temple, and therefore it is thought that use of boards for roofs started in the Kofun period.
Japanese: 法隆寺五重塔の屋根にも使用されていることから、古墳時代から屋根材として使用されはじめたと思われる。
English: Later on, as tools improved, methods for using thinner boards were developed, and use of kokerabuki, utilizing the thinnest boards, started in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 以後、道具の進化もあり、より薄い板を用いる手法が開発され、最も薄い板を用いる杮葺は平安時代初期には使用されはじめる。
English: There are many buildings, including Hondo Hall of Sanbutsu-ji Temple, in which tochibuki or tokusabuki was initially used for the roof but was replaced with kokerabuki later.
Japanese: 三仏寺本堂のように、建立当時は栩葺や木賊葺であったが後世の修復で杮葺へ変わった建築物も数多い。
English: Therefore, most extant cultural properties with itabuki roofs use kokerabuki, and few of them use tochibuki or tokusabuki, so it is hard to find craftsmen who can work on these methods.
Japanese: よって、現存する板葺の文化財は多くが杮葺で、栩葺・木賊葺は少なく屋根職人も殆どいない。
English: Itabuki roofs commonly use boards 9-10cm wide and 24-30cm long.
Japanese: 板葺に共通で、幅9～10センチメートル、長さ24～30センチメートルの板が用いられる。
English: Small gaps are made between these boards, generating air flow from the area under the ridge, and thereby increasing the durability of the wood.
Japanese: 板の間に少しの隙間が生じ、これが軒裏の通気を促して木材の耐久性を向上させる。
English: The San-mon gate of Zenko-ji Temple (the roof had been replaced with hiwadabuki, but the intial tochibuki roof has been restored).
Japanese: 善光寺三門　（檜皮葺に葺き替えられてしまっていたものを建立当初の栩葺に復旧）
English: Sumiyoshi-zukuri style, which is typified by Sumiyoshi-taisha Shrine, is characterized by its ancient linear hafu (a barge board), and many have pointed out its resemblance to the building constructed in the Daijo-sai festival (a festival to celebrate the succession of an emperor).
Japanese: 住吉大社に代表される住吉造の特徴として、破風は古式の直線形であり、大嘗祭の際に造られる建物と似ていることが指摘されている。
English: It is one of the oldest architectural styles of shrines, along with shinmei-zukuri style, which is exemplified by Ise-jingu Shrine, and taisha-zukuri style, which is epitomized by Izumo-taisha Shrine.
Japanese: 伊勢神宮に代表される神明造や出雲大社に代表される大社造と共に、神社建築の最古の様式とされる。
English: Otori-zukuri style, which is typified by Otori Taisha Shrine, is a style that developed from taisha-zukuri style, which is exemplified by Izumo-taisha Shrine.
Japanese: 大鳥大社（おおとりたいしゃ）に代表される大鳥造は、出雲大社に代表される大社造から発展した様式である。
English: The entrance is located at the center on the front, and the inside is divided into a naijin (inner sanctuary of a shrine or temple) and a gejin (part of the main sanctuary outside the innermost sanctum of a shrine) with a shinza (seat of the deity) situated at the center of the naijin.
Japanese: 入口は正面中央で、内部は内陣・外陣に区切られ、内陣中央に神座が位置する。
English: Uji City Botanical Gardens are located in Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 宇治市植物公園（うじししょくぶつこうえん）は、京都府宇治市にある植物園。
English: In a total area of ten hectares, thirty two hundred plants of fourteen hundred and fifty species are grown.
Japanese: 面積10ヘクタールの敷地に約1450種類、約3200本の植物が植えられている。
English: Various exhibitions focused on plants are held at twenty five times a year including Sanyaso (plants growing wild in fields and mountains,) nuts, river orchids, etc.
Japanese: 山野草展、木の実展、春蘭展など、植物に関するさまざまな展示会を年間25回展示開催している。
English: Using flood control reservoirs, rabbitear irises, iris pseudacoruss, purple loosestrifes, etc. are grown there, providing a rich and colorful waterscape in summer.
Japanese: 洪水調整池を利用し、カキツバタ、キショウブ、ミソハギ等を植栽して夏季には彩り豊かな水辺景観が見られる。
English: Seasonally blooming flowers are grown in the Gardens, and plums, prunus iannesianas, roses, crape myrtles, etc. will bloom over the period from early spring to summer, providing glorious scenery.
Japanese: 園沿いに四季おりおりに咲き誇る草花を配置し、早春から夏にはウメ、サトザクラ、バラ、サルスベリなどの花が見られ、花爛漫の景が見られる。
English: Japanese traditional terraced rice fields were reproduced to grow cluster amaryllis, daffodils, etc., providing an opportunity to enjoy the flower gardens at a high elevation.
Japanese: 日本古来の棚田の景観を昇華させ、ヒガンバナ、スイセン等で彩り、壇上の花園が見られる。
English: The coniferous forest and flowerbeds stretch on the both sides of the stream (Canal) from Hekisen to Flower and Water Tapestry, following which Hana no hiroba (Flower Plaza) is exhibited.
Japanese: 壁泉から花と水のタペストリーに至る水の流れ（カナール）の両サイドに針葉樹林と花壇が展開し、花の広場に至る。
English: The pond, cascade and tapestries come together at Hana no hiroba, and there is a floating stage in the pond to hold concerts, events and so on.
Japanese: 花の広場では、池・滝・タペストリーを一体化させ、池上にはステージを設け、コンサートなどのイベントも開催される。
English: They are the face of the Gardens, and themes or characters related to Uji City are formed using plants and flowers.
Japanese: 本公園を代表する施設で、宇治市に因んだテーマやキャラクターなどの絵柄を草花で描く。
English: It is composed of 3,675 pots placed on the terraced garden (46 tiers) of 62 meters in width and 18 meters in height and features seasonally blooming flowers.
Japanese: 幅62m、高さ18mの雛壇（46段）に、3675基のプランターを並べ、季節に合った植物で演出がなされている。
English: The 140 kinds of herbs useful for medicines, seasonings, restoration, insect deterrents, aromatic odors, etc. and used in our daily lives are displayed.
Japanese: 薬、料理の味付け、保存、防虫、芳香等に使われ、暮らしの中に取り入れられてきたハーブを140種収集展示してある。
English: Short-height trees such as Pourthiaea villosa and ilexes and ground cover plants such as low bamboos are also grown there, featuring the red pine forest with atmosphere.
Japanese: カマツガ、ウメモドキ等の低木や、クマザサ等の地被植物を加え、趣のあるアカマツ林を創出している。
English: In addition to the basic scenery of the thicket composed of Quercus serratas, oaks, etc., Nanking cherries (prunus tomentosa,) euonymus oxyphyllus, balloonflowers (bellflowers,) etc. are also grown, providing a scenery full of rustic atmosphere.
Japanese: コナラ、クヌギ等による雑木林の景観を基調として、ユスラウメ、ツリバナ、キキョウ等を加え、野趣に富む景観を創出している。
English: In addition to various kinds of maple trees, euonymus sieboldianuses, callicarpa japonicas, ardisia crenatas, etc. are grown in the forest, creating a scene of the splendor and colore of autumn.
Japanese: モミジ類の他、マユミ、ムラサキシキブ、マンリョウ等により、「秋の錦の景」を創出している。
English: Based on Uji Jujo (last ten chapters of the Tale of Genji,) the plants appearing in the Tale of Genji are grown and monuments engraved with waka poems are installed in the Gardens to create an atmosphere in which visitors can imagine scenes in the story.
Japanese: 宇治十帖に因み、源氏物語にみられる植物を円沿いに植栽し、歌碑等も添えて情景がイメージできる空間を創出している。