nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: OTOMO no Yakamochi is often identified as the kajin involved in the compilation of "Manyoshu" (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), but the Otomo clan had been a military family since the Yamato Dynasty and he earned his place in history as a politician just as his grandfather Yasumaro and father Tabito had done before him.
Japanese: 『万葉集』の編纂に関わる歌人として取り上げられることが多いが、大伴氏は大和朝廷以来の武門の家であり、祖父安麻呂、父旅人と同じく政治家として歴史に名を残す。
English: He became udoneri (Ministerial equerry) in 738 and attended the imperial visit of Emperor Shomu to Ise Province to pray for the suppression of the incident that FUJIWARA no Hirotsugu caused in Dazai-fu, Kyushu region in 740.
Japanese: 天平10年（738年）に内舎人と見え、天平12年（740年）九州の大宰府にて藤原広嗣が起こした乱の平定を祈願する聖武天皇の伊勢国行幸に従駕。
English: After becoming Shonagon (lesser councilor of state) and returning to Kyoto, he became Hyobushoyu (deputy minister of military arm) in 754, and in the following year was involved in the inspection of sakimori (soldiers deployed for boarder defenses) in Nanba.
Japanese: 少納言となって帰京後、天平勝宝6年（754年）兵部少輔となり、翌年難波で防人の検校に関わる。
English: He wrote the last poem in Manyoshu in Kokufu-cho (Tottori Prefecture) in February, 759.
Japanese: 翌天平宝字3年（759年）1月に国府町(鳥取県)で万葉集の最後の歌を詠む。
English: He did not participate in the TACHIBANA no Naramaro Disturbance but made plans to assassinate FUJIWARA no Nakamaro with FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu (Sukunamaro), ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu, and SAEKI no Imaemishi.
Japanese: 橘奈良麻呂の変には参加しなかったものの、藤原良継（宿奈麻呂）、石上宅嗣、佐伯今毛人の3人と藤原仲麻呂暗殺計画を立案した。
English: The incident failed, and FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu accepted sole responsibility, so Yakamochi was not accused of the crime.
Japanese: 事件は未遂に終わり、藤原良継一人が責任を負ったため罪には問われなかった。
English: However, he was punished by being appointed Satsuma no kuni no kami (Governor of Satsuma Province) in 764.
Japanese: しかし、天平宝字8年（764年）、薩摩国守への転任と言う報復人事を受けることになった。
English: In 767, he became Dazai no daini (Senior Assistant Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices), and the Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine oracle plot occurred before he became Minbu shoyu (Junior Assistant Minister of Popular Affairs) in 770, but it was unknown how he was involved in the plot.
Japanese: 神護景雲1年（767年）、大宰大弐に転じ、宝亀1年（770年）に民部少輔となるまでの間に宇佐八幡宮神託事件が起きているが、どのように関わったのかは不明。
English: Yakamochi's strength as a politician is demonstrated by the fact that although he was promoted to Sangi (councilor) in 780, he was expelled from the capital after being suspected of involvement in HIKAMI no Kawatsugu's plot (HIKAMI no Kawatsugu's Rebellion).
Japanese: 宝亀11年（780年）、参議に昇進したものの、氷上川継の謀反事件（氷上川継の乱）に関与を疑われて都を追放されるなど、政治家として骨太な面を見ることができる。
English: In 783, he was promoted to Chunagon but died while staying in Mutsu Province to serve as Mutsu no Azechi (Inspector of Mutsu) and Jisetsu Seito Shogun (the general of conquering east-barbarians).
Japanese: 延暦2年（783年）、中納言に昇進するが兼任していた陸奥按察使持節征東将軍の職務のために陸奥国に滞在中に没した。
English: The assassination of FUJIWARA no Tanetsugu occurred after Yakamochi's death, and Yakamochi was considered to be involved in the assassination, so he was expelled without burial.
Japanese: 没直後に藤原種継暗殺事件が起こり、家持も関与していたとされて、埋葬を許されぬまま除名。
English: 473 of his choka (long epic songs) and tanka (thirty-one-syllable poems) were collected in "Manyoshu," accounting for over tenth of the total poems in "Manyoshu."
Japanese: 長歌・短歌など合計473首が『万葉集』に収められており、『万葉集』全体の1割を超えている。
English: The last poem of "Manyoshu" was made in February 759, 'Like the snow that falls on this first day of the new year, may there be ever more good things to come' (Volume 20-4516).
Japanese: 『万葉集』の最後は、天平宝字3年（759年）正月の「新しき年の始の初春の今日降る雪のいや重け吉事（よごと）」（卷二十-4516）である。
English: His poem (On the night of the Star Festival, a magpie bridges over the Milky Way, looking at the stairs in the palace with white frost, I feel evening deepens into the night) in "Hyakunin Isshu" (one hundred waka poems by one hundred poets) was not included in "Manyoshu."
Japanese: 『百人一首』の歌（かささぎの渡せる橋におく霜の白きを見れば夜ぞ更けにける）は、『万葉集』には入集していない。
English: Yoshisada NITTA was a gokenin (immediate vassal of shogunate) during the last stage of the Kamakura period as well as a busho (military commander) in the Northern and Southern Courts period (Japan).
Japanese: 新田義貞（にったよしさだ）は、鎌倉時代末期の御家人、南北朝時代(日本)の武将。
English: He was the 8th head of the head family of Nitta family in Kozuke Province (Joshu) which originated from Chinjufu-shogun (commander-in-chief the defense of north) Yoshishige NITTA, a son of MINAMOTO no Yoshikuni, the third son of the head of Kawachi Genji of Seiwa Genji Chinjufu shogun Minamoto no Yoshiie.
Japanese: 家系は清和源氏の一家系　河内源氏の棟梁　鎮守府将軍源義家の三男　源義国の子　鎮守府将軍新田義重を祖とする上野国（上州）に土着した新田氏本宗家の8代目棟梁。
English: The Nitta clan (Kozuke Genji) originated from MINAMOTO no Yoshishige, the eldest son of MINAMOTO no Yoshikuni, the fourth son of the third head of Kawachi Genji MINAMOTO no Yoshiie, who developed Nitta-no-sho (the area near Ota City, Gunma Prefecture).
Japanese: 新田氏（上野源氏）は、河内源氏三代目の源義家の四男・源義国の長子の源義重に始まり、新田荘（にったのしょう、現在の群馬県太田市周辺）を開発した。
English: In Yoshisada's era, however, the head family of the Nitta family owned only a few districts out of 60 in Nitta-no-sho, and Yoshisada himself was a low-profile figure who had neither a court rank nor an official post.
Japanese: しかし、義貞の時代には新田氏本宗家の領地は広大な新田荘60郷のうちわずか数郷に過ぎず、義貞自身も無位無官で日の目を浴びない存在であった。
English: Yoshisada's name was mistakenly written as 'Sadayoshi' in baikenan (proposal to sell tickets) on October 1318, and this fact indicates the low status of the head family of the Nitta family in the bakufu.
Japanese: 文保2年（1318年）10月の義貞の売券案が残っているが売主が新田「貞義」と誤記されており、幕府での新田本宗家の地位の低さをあらわしている。
English: Based on the historical material which suggests that the real mother of Yoshisada's son, Yoshiaki, came from the Ando clan, some people assert that she was a daughter of the influential Michiubito (private vassal of the tokuso family (the direct line of regency Hojo family)) Seishu Ando.
Japanese: また、義貞の長子義顕の生母を安東氏とする史料があり、これを有力な御内人安東聖秀の娘であるとする説がある。
English: If the above is true, the head family of the Nitta clan, an impoverished gokenin, married a daughter of the Ando clan, a miuchibito of the tokuso family (another view is that she was a daughter of Kozuke Province's Kanrarei (jito (manager and lord of manor) of Kanra district) Shigeyasu ANDO (Saemon no shoi (Jr. lieutenant of the Left Division of the Outer Palace Guards)), a family member of Seishu).
Japanese: これが事実とすれば、没落御家人の新田本宗家が得宗家御内人の安東氏(曖昧さ回避)の娘を娶ったことになる（または、聖秀の一族の上野国甘羅令（甘楽郡地頭）の安藤重保（左衛門少尉）の娘の説もある）。
English: It seems that the influence of the Tokuso family's autocracy reached Kozuke Province after its shugo (military governor) changed from the Adachi clan to the Tokuso family after the Shimotsuki Incident.
Japanese: 霜月騒動で上野国の守護が安達氏から得宗家へと替わり、上野でも得宗専制の影響が強くなってきたと見られる。
English: The above fact represents the desperate efforts by his father Asauji and Yoshisada to restore the depressed head family of the Nitta family by approaching the powerful family.
Japanese: 必死になって権力にすがり付いて衰退する新田本宗家を立て直そうとする父・朝氏と義貞の涙ぐましい努力が垣間見える。
English: In addition, the influence of the head family of the Nitta clan on other families also declined together with its decline in power.
Japanese: また、その衰退に伴って新田本宗家の一族に対する影響力も下降線をたどっていた。
English: When a dispute over irrigation occurred in 1322 between Masatsune IWAMATSU of Iwamatsu clan and Muneuji ODATE who was close to the head family, the dispute was left to the decision of the Kamakura bakufu.
Japanese: 元亨2年（1322年）に、一族の岩松氏系の岩松政経と本宗系に近い大舘氏の大舘宗氏が用水争いを起こした際、鎌倉幕府に裁定を持ち込んでいる。
English: In the Genko Incident that started in 1331, he followed the Kamakura bakufu as obanyaku (a job to guard Kamakura) and participated in the Battle of Chihaya-jo Castle, in which he fought Masashige KUSUNOKI who raised an army in Kawachi Province.
Japanese: 元弘元年（1331年）から始まった元弘の変では、大番役も兼ねて鎌倉幕府に従い、河内国で挙兵した楠木正成の千早城の戦いに参加している。
English: Citing his above behavior as a reason, the bakufu imposed excessive military expenses on Nitta-no-sho and exacted.
Japanese: これを理由のひとつとして、幕府は新田荘に対し多大の軍費を要求し、横暴的な取立てを行っている。
English: It is considered that the above might have triggered Yoshisada's decision to rebel against the bakufu and raise an army.
Japanese: これが、義貞が幕府に背き挙兵を決意する直接のきっかけになったとも考えられる。
English: The "Taiheiki" and "Baishoron" describe Yoshisada, who was then residing at Nitta-no-sho on the pretext of being ill, as having made up his mind to raise an army after he captured chozeishi (person in charge of tax collection) Chikatsura KANAZAWA (Kanazawa line) (bakufu hikitsuke bugyo (the chief of shogunate office of high court), a member of tokuso family of the Hojo clan, another view is the Ki clan), and Hikoshiro KURONUMA (miuchibito) who came to Nitta-no-sho in order to collect military expenses, and imprisoning Chikatsura and killing Hikoshiro.
Japanese: 『太平記』と『梅松論』では、病気と称して新田荘に逼塞していた義貞が、軍費の取立てのため新田荘の検分に来た幕府の徴税使・金沢親連(金沢流)（幕府引付奉行、北条氏得宗の一族、紀氏とする説もある）と黒沼彦四郎（御内人）を捕えて、親連を幽閉し、彦四郎を斬ったことで、挙兵を決意したと記してある。
English: It is said that these two people ordered the Nitta clan to pay six thousands kan (obsolete unit of currency) within five days, and that Yoshisada was offended by their order.
Japanese: 両使が新田氏に銭6万貫を5日のうちに上納せよと命じ、これに義貞が反発したという。
English: Some people argue that he secretly received Imperial Prince Morinaga's order to overthrow the Hojo clan while he was on the battle field during the Genko Incident.
Japanese: また、元弘の変で出兵中、ひそかに護良親王から北条氏打倒の令旨を受け取っていたとの説もある。
English: In response to a call by the Emperor Godaigo, he raised an army to subjugate the Kamakura bakufu on June 28 (old calendar) 1333 by gathering family members at Ikushina-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 元弘3年/正慶2年（1333年）5月8日(旧暦)、後醍醐天皇の呼びかけに応え、生品神社に一族を集め鎌倉幕府討伐のため挙兵。
English: Also, it has been passed down that while he initially intended to advance toward Echigo Province where many family members resided, he later made up his mind to attack Kamakura according to the exhortations by his younger brother Yoshisuke WAKIYA.
Japanese: 当初は利根川を超えて、一族が多数いる越後国方面へ進軍する予定であったが、弟の脇屋義助に諭されて鎌倉攻めを決意したと伝えられる。
English: After having absorbed family members in Echigo, Nitta forces advanced on Tosando towards the west and occupied the provincial office of Kozuke Province.
Japanese: 越後の一族も加わり、新田軍は東山道を西へ進み、上野国守護所を落とす。
English: Thereafter, they joined the forces of Senjuo (Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA), the eldest son of Takauji ASHIKAGA, when they crossed the Tone River.
Japanese: そして、利根川を越えた時点で足利高氏（後に足利尊氏）の嫡子千寿王（後に足利義詮）の軍と合流した。
English: It is said that thanks to the alliance with the eldest son of Takauji ASHIKAGA, the most influential tozama gokenin (nonhereditary gokenin) who had a relation by marriage with the Hojo clan, the number of soldiers of Nitta forces reached the tens of thousands due to gokenin of neighboring area that also joined forces.
Japanese: 北条氏と累代の姻戚関係にある外様御家人最有力者である足利高氏の嫡男が加わったことにより、周辺の御家人も加わり、新田軍は数万規模に膨れ上がったと言われる。
English: Nitta forces further advanced on Kamakura kaido, crossing the Iruma River (Saitama Prefecture) and clashed with the forces of bakufu commanded by Sadakuni SAKURADA and Sadamasa KANAZAWA at Kotesashigahara (Kotesashi-cho, Tokorozawa City, Saitama Prefecture) (Battle at Kotesashigahara).
Japanese: さらに新田軍は鎌倉街道を進み、入間川(埼玉県)を渡り小手指原（埼玉県所沢市小手指町付近）に達し、桜田貞国・金沢貞将率いる幕府軍と衝突する（小手指原の戦い）。
English: Although the number of soldiers of bakufu forces out numbered the Nitta forces, the situation gradually turned in favor of the Nitta forces with the support of gokenin in Musashi Province, such as the Kawagoe clan, who were also increasingly dissatisfied with bakufu.
Japanese: 兵数は幕府軍の方が勝っていたが、同様に幕府へ不満を募らせていた河越氏ら武蔵の御家人の援護を得て新田軍は次第に有利となる。
English: Bakufu forces again pitched a camp at Budaigawara and started a decisive battle with Nitta forces (Budaigawara War (Kamakura period)).
Japanese: 幕府軍は再び分倍河原に陣を張り、新田軍と決戦を開始する（分倍河原の戦い(鎌倉時代)）。
English: Nitta forces suffered a crushing defeat, but came back to defeat the bakufu forces on the following day with the support of troops from Yoshikatsu OTAWA of the Miura clan.
Japanese: 新田軍は一度は大敗するが、翌日には援軍に駆け付けた三浦氏一族の大多和義勝らの兵を合わせて幕府軍を撃破した。
English: It is also considered that some auxiliary troops from the bakufu betrayed their allegiance, due to a report that states that Takauji ASHIKAGA destroyed Rokuhara tandai (Kamakura bakufu's administrative and judicial agency at Rokuhara, Kyoto).
Japanese: 恐らく足利高氏による六波羅探題滅亡の報が到達しており、幕府軍の増援隊の寝返りなどがあったのではないかとも考えられる。
English: Nitta forces crossed the Tamagawa River on the following day, fighting a decisive battle with Yasuie Hojo of the bakufu forces at Kasumi no seki (Sekido, Tama City, Tokyo) which culminated in a great victory (Sekido War).
Japanese: 翌日、多摩川を渡り、幕府の関所である霞ノ関（東京都多摩市関戸）にて幕府軍の北条泰家と決戦が行われ、新田軍が大勝利を収めている（関戸の戦い）。
English: After having advanced to Fujisawa (Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture), Yoshisada split his troops into three and attacked Kamakura from the sides of Kewaizaka kiridoshi, Gokurakujizaka kiridoshi and Kobukurozaka kiridoshi.
Japanese: 藤沢（神奈川県藤沢市）まで兵を進めた義貞は、軍を化粧坂（けわいざか）切通し方面、極楽寺坂切通し方面と巨副呂坂切通し方面に分けて鎌倉を総攻撃。
English: Based on his decision that breaking through Gokurakujizaka kiridoshi was impossible, Yoshisada broke through Inamuragasaki to take advantage of the low tide, attacking bakufu forces in the rear and then rushed into Kamakura.
Japanese: 極楽寺坂切通しの突破を困難と判断した義貞は、干潮に乗じて稲村ヶ崎から強行突破し、幕府軍の背後を突いて鎌倉へ乱入。
English: He forced the family members of Takatoki Hojo to commit suicide at Tosho-ji Temple and destroyed the Kamakura bakufu only fifteen days after he raised an army.
Japanese: 北条高時の一族を北条氏菩提寺の東勝寺で自害させ、挙兵からわずか15日で鎌倉幕府を滅亡に導く。
English: After the fall of Kamakura, however, Yoshisada clashed with the brothers of Kazuuji HOSOKAWA and Akiuji HOSOKAWA who were dispatched by Takauji ASHIKAGA to support Senjuo, but then lost his place and went to Kyoto.
Japanese: しかし、鎌倉陥落後、千寿王を補佐するために足利高氏が派遣した細川和氏・細川顕氏兄弟らと衝突し、居場所を失った義貞は上洛する。
English: Under the Kenmu Government, Yoshisada was conferred Jushiinojo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade) on September 22, 1333 thanks to his distinguished military service in attacking Kamakura.
Japanese: 建武の新政においては、義貞は鎌倉攻めの功により1333年（元弘3年）8月5日、従四位上に叙位。
English: During the Chusendai War that occurred in 1335, in which the remnants of Hojo clan in Shinano Province occupied Kamakura, exalting Takatoki's son Tokiyuki HOJO as their head, Takauji ASHIKAGA went to Kamakura in order to suppress them without obtaining the Emperor Godaigo's approval.
Japanese: 建武(日本)2年（1335年）に信濃国で北条氏残党が高時の遺児・北条時行を擁立し、鎌倉を占領する中先代の乱が起きると、足利尊氏は後醍醐天皇の勅状を得ないまま討伐に向かう。
English: On the contrary, however, Godaigo ordered Yoshisada to search and destroy Takauji, and Yoshisada passed through Tokaido to Kamakura following Imperial Prince Takayoshi.
Japanese: しかし、逆に後醍醐は義貞に尊氏追討令を発し、義貞は尊良親王を奉じて東海道を鎌倉へ向かう。
English: Along with his brother Yoshisuke WAKIYA, Yoshisada defeated the troops of Naoyoshi ASHIKAGA and Moroyasu KO in the Battle of Yahagigawa (Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture) as well as in the Battle of Tegoshigawara (Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture).
Japanese: 義貞は弟脇屋義助とともに矢作川の戦い（愛知県岡崎市）、手越河原の戦い（静岡県静岡市駿河区）で足利直義・高師泰の軍を破る。
English: However, he was defeated by Takauji, who came from Kamakura to fight, in the Battle of Hakone and Takenoshita (Oyama Town, Sunto County, Shizuoka Prefecture), and he fled to Kyoto via Owari Province.
Japanese: しかし、鎌倉から出撃した尊氏に箱根・竹ノ下の戦い（静岡県駿東郡小山町）で撃破され、尾張国に敗走した後、京へ逃げ帰る。
English: In February 1336, the following year, he fought with Takauji in the suburbs of Kyoto, and he succeeded in driving back Ashikaga troops in alliance with Akiie KITABATAKE, who came from Oshu (Mutsu Province), and Masashige KUSUNOKI.
Japanese: 翌建武(日本)3年（1336年）正月、入京した尊氏と京都市外で再び戦い、奥州より上ってきた北畠顕家と連絡し、京都で楠木正成らと連合して足利軍を駆逐する事に成功。
English: He further chased Takauji who fled to Kyushu, but his advance was checked by Norimura AKAMATSU (Enshin) who holed up in Shirahata-jo Castle in Harima Province, so he abandoned the chase.
Japanese: さらに、九州へ奔る尊氏を追撃するものの、播磨国の白旗城で篭城した赤松則村（円心）に阻まれて断念。
English: Takauji returned to Kyoto by sea after conquering Kyushu, but Yoshisada wasted time after encountering trouble attacking Akamatsu's troops that were besieged in Shirahata-jo Castle.
Japanese: 尊氏は九州を平定し海路東上してくるが、義貞は白旗城に篭城する赤松軍を攻めあぐね、時間を空費する。
English: In the Minatogawa Battle (Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture), in which he allied with Masashige KUSUNOKI, Yoshisada pitched camp at Cape Wada but failed to hinder the landing of Ashikaga marine forces.
Japanese: 楠木正成らと共同して戦った湊川の戦い（兵庫県神戸市）において義貞は和田岬に陣を構えて戦うが、足利水軍の水際防衛に失敗する。
English: Court side troops that escaped to Mt. Hiei after the battle of Minatogawa advanced to Kamotadasu-gawara in order to recapture Kyoto which was being occupied by Ashikaga forces, but were eventually blocked.
Japanese: 湊川の戦いの後、比叡山に逃れた宮方は、足利方に奪還された京都を取り戻すために賀茂糺河原などに攻め下るが阻まれる。
English: The Emperor Godaigo proceeded to carry out peace negotiations with the Ashikaga side and intended to go down from Mt. Hiei, abandoning Yoshisada.
Japanese: 後醍醐天皇は足利方との和議を進め、義貞を切り捨てて比叡山から下山しようとした。
English: However, Sadamitsu Horiguchi, a member of Yoshisada's family, stopped Godaigo immediately before his departure saying 'if you want to go to Kyoto forgetting our family's longstanding loyalty, you should do so after you cut off the heads of over fifty persons of our family including Yoshisada.'
Japanese: しかし、義貞の一族家臣堀口貞満が後醍醐に、「当家累年の忠義を捨てられ、京都に臨幸なさるべきにて候はば、義貞始め一族五十余人の首をはねて、お出であるべし」と奏上し、直前に阻止した。
English: As there was the possibility that Yoshisada had become the Emperor's enemy, the Emperor Godaigo abdicated the throne in favor of Imperial Prince Tsuneyoshi, delegating his authority to Imperial PrinceTsuneyoshi and Imperial Prince Takayoshi, turning their forces into the Imperial army, and went down from Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 後醍醐天皇は朝敵となる可能性の出た義貞に対し、皇位を恒良親王に譲り、恒良親王と尊良親王を委任し官軍であることを担保することで決着し下山。
English: Though some soldiers were frozen to death in a heavy snowstorm and his troops were forced to circumvent due to the persistent attack by the Ashikaga side, he finally entered Kanegasaki-jo Castle in Echizen Province (Tsuruga City, Fukui Prefecture).
Japanese: 折からの猛吹雪で凍死者を出したり足利方の執拗な攻撃に大迂回を余儀なくされたりしながらも越前国金ヶ崎城（福井県敦賀市）に入る。
English: Yoshisada and Yoshisuke fled to Somayama-jo Castle, trying to break through the besieged enemy forces at Kanegasaki-jo Castle in cooperation with Tamotsu URYU, the lord of Uryu-jo Castle, but failed.
Japanese: 義貞、義助は杣山城（福井県南条郡南越前町）に脱出し、杣山城主瓜生保と協力して金ヶ崎城の包囲陣を破ろうとするが失敗する。
English: After Kanegasaki-jo Castle fell on April 15, 1337, Imperial Prince Takayoshi and Yoshiaki committed suicide and Imperial Prince Tsuneyoshi was sent to Kyoto.
Japanese: 金ヶ崎城は延元2年/建武4年（1337年）3月6日落城し、尊良親王、義顕は自害し、恒良親王は捕らえられ京へ護送される。
English: Yoshisada recovered power in the summer of that year, defeating Takatsune SHIBA in the Battle of Sabae, occupying the government office of Echizen and recapturing Kanegasaki-jo Castle.
Japanese: 同年夏になると義貞は勢いを盛り返し、鯖江合戦で斯波高経に勝利し、越前府中を奪い、金ヶ崎城も奪還する。
English: In August 1338, he departed for Fujishima-jo Castle, in which the monk soldiers of Hiraizumi-dera Temple, that sided with the side of the samurai, were contained themselves, in order to encourage his troops.
Japanese: 翌延元3年/建武5年（1338年）閏7月、武家方に寝返った平泉寺衆徒が籠もる藤島城を攻める味方部隊を督戦に向かう。
English: On the way, however, he encountered enemy troops coming from Kuromaru-jo Castle at Tomyojinawate (Nittazuka, Fukui City, Fukui Prefecture), Fujishima, Echizen Province and was killed in battle.
Japanese: しかし、越前国藤島の燈明寺畷（福井県福井市新田塚）で黒丸城から加勢に向かう敵軍と偶然遭遇し戦闘の末戦死した。
English: It is described in "Taiheiki" that his horse couldn't jump over a ditch and fell down because it was injured by an arrow, that a stray arrow hit the middle of his forehead while he was held under the horse, and that he cut off his own head.
Japanese: 『太平記』においては、乗っていた馬が矢を受けて弱っていたため堀を飛び越えられず転倒し、左足が馬の下敷きになったところに流れ矢を眉間に受け、自分で首を掻き切ったと記述されている。
English: While it is a historical fact that Yoshisada died here, it seems unlikely that he died in the manner mentioned above.
Japanese: 義貞がここで戦死したことは史実であるが、この死に方は事実とは考えられない。
English: It is considered that the description mentioned above was a fiction created by the author of "Taiheiki" who was inspired by the description of Xian YU's death in "Shiki" (the Chinese Historical Records) as well as that of MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka's death in "Taiheiki" (the description of Yoshinaka's death is also likely to be a fiction created by the author of "Heike monogatari").
Japanese: 『史記』の項羽の最期や『平家物語』の源義仲の最期の記述にヒントを得た『太平記』作者の創作であると思われる（義仲の最期も『平家物語』作者の創作である可能性が高い）。
English: His head was sent to Kyoto, and a celebrated sword Onikiri, a family treasure of Seiwa-Genji which Yoshisada obtained when Kamakura bakufu was collapsed, also fell into the hands of the Ashikaga clan.
Japanese: 首級は京都に送られ、鎌倉幕府滅亡時に入手した清和源氏累代の家宝である名刀鬼切もこの時足利氏の手に渡ったという。
English: In 1656, the Edo period, a farmer Kahei found a kabuto (helmet) while he was cultivating the old battle field and offered it to the lord of Fukui domain Mitsumichi MATSUDAIRA.
Japanese: なお、江戸時代の明暦2年（1656年）にこの古戦場を耕作していた百姓嘉兵衛が兜を掘り出し、領主である福井藩主松平光通に献上した。
English: Based on a decision by Banuemon IHARA, gunposhihan (strategy instructor) of Fukui domain, it was preserved by the Echizen Matsudaira family as a kabuto used by Yoshisada NITTA.
Japanese: 福井藩軍法師範井原番右衛門による鑑定の結果、新田義貞着用の兜として越前松平家にて保管された。
English: When Fujishima-jinja Shrine, a shrine which enshrines Yoshisada, was founded after the Meiji Restoration, it was donated by Echizen Matsudaira family (the family of Marquis Matsudaira) as a shrine treasure.
Japanese: 明治維新の後、義貞を祀る藤島神社を創建した際、越前松平家（松平侯爵家）より神社宝物として献納された。
English: Among the persons in the same era, it is said that he was at odds with Chikafusa KITABATAKE, a leading figure of the Southern Court (Japan).
Japanese: 同時代では、南朝(日本)を主導していた北畠親房との確執があったとも言われる。
English: "Jinno Shotoki" written by Chikafusa treated him as being a lower-ranking person than Takauji ASHIKAGA, saying 'A person called MINAMOTO no Yoshisada resides in Kozuke Province. He is a family member of Takauji.'
Japanese: 親房の『神皇正統記』では「上野国に源義貞と云ふ者あり。高氏が一族也」と足利尊氏より格下の扱いを受け否定的に書かれている。
English: Also, a description can be seen in "Masukagami" saying that 'Koshiro Yoshisada NITTA, a family member of Takauji, launched a war in Musashi Province with Takauji's four-year-old son being the great general.'
Japanese: また、『増鏡』には、「高氏の末の一族なる、新田小四郎義貞といふ者、今の高氏の子四つになりけるを大将軍にして、武蔵国よりいくさを起してけり」と書かれている。
English: In the above description, his common name was Kotaro and Kozuke Province where he raised his army was mistakenly written as Koshiro and Musashi Province respectively, and Senjuo ASHIKAGA was mentioned as the general responsible for the attack of Kamakura.
Japanese: 通称の小太郎を小四郎と、挙兵地の上野国を武蔵国と、それぞれ誤って述べられているばかりか、足利千寿王を鎌倉攻めの大将に立てたことにされてしまっている。
English: Regarding the background of the above description, some people assert that as the founder of the Nitta clan Yoshishige NITTA showed MINAMOTO no Yoritomo an uncooperative attitude in establishing the Kamakura bakufu, the status of the head of the families originating from MINAMOTO no Yoshikuni shifted, after the establishment of bakufu, to Yoshikane ASHIKAGA, a son of Yoshishige's younger brother MINAMOTO no Yoshiyasu, and the practice of the Ashikaga clan ruling the samurai of Genji including the Nitta family, became fixed.
Japanese: これは、新田氏の祖である源義重が源頼朝の鎌倉幕府の創設に非協力的であったため、幕府成立後には源義国の系統を束ねる棟梁としての地位が義重の弟源義康の子足利義兼の系統に変移し、新田氏のみならず源氏の系譜を持った武士をその支配下に置くという慣例が定着したためであるという説がある。
English: The Yamana clan, which was removed from the head family, followed Senjuo ASHIKAGA (Yoshiakira) when Yoshisada raised an army and sided with the Ashikaga side thereafter.
Japanese: 新田一族でも本宗家から遠い山名氏などは、義貞が挙兵した際、足利千寿王（義詮）の指揮下に入ってその後も足利方についている。
English: In the "Taiheiki", a war chronicle written in the Muromachi period, Masashige KUSUNOKI was described as a clever general while Yoshisada, for whom the author showed little sympathy, was described as being an indecisive person who was defeated by Takauji ASHIKAGA while competing for the position as head of the samurai.
Japanese: また、室町時代に成立した軍記物である『太平記』では、知略を巡らす智将として装飾的に描かれる楠木正成に対して、義貞には作者の共感が薄く、優柔不断で足利尊氏との棟梁争いに敗れる人物として描かれていると指摘される。
English: For example, there is a description, which emphasized Yoshimasa's lax character, stating that after Yoshisada defeated Takauji at Teshimagawara in Settsu and drove him to Kyushu, that he didn't chase him further since he was unwilling to part from Koto no naishi, and that he eventually allowed Takauji to recover power, defeating the Imperial army at Minatogawa and then returned to Kyoto.
Japanese: その一例として、義貞が摂津豊島河原で尊氏を破り九州へ敗走させた後、勾当内侍との別れを惜しんで追撃を怠ったため、尊氏が勢力を盛り返し湊川で官軍を破って入京したという、義貞のだらしなさを強調する記述がある。