nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In the Sanno shinto, it was considered that the deities of Sanno are manifestation of Shakyamuni, and as each of the Chinese characters '山' and '王' consists of three lines and a line going through the three lines, the Sanno shinto worship was taught in connection with the thoughts of the Tendai sect known as Santai Sokuitsu, meaning three forms of truth is originally one thing.
Japanese: 山王神道では山王神は釈迦の垂迹であるとされ、「山」の字も「王」の字も、三本の線とそれを貫く一本の線からなっており、これを天台宗の思想である三諦即一思想と結びつけて説いた。
English: As the Tendai esoteric Buddhism is systematized to realize specific miracles including the protection of the nation, enrichment and longevity, and good health by the magico-religious rites and prayers as its mission, it gave the Sanno shinto a feature of intensifying mysterious power and magical power to realize 'divine favor in this life'.
Japanese: また天台密教は、鎮護国家、増益延命、息災といった具体的な霊験を加持祈祷によって実現するという体系（使命）を持ち、山王にも「現世利益」を実現する霊威と呪力を高める性格を与えたようである。
English: As the Tendai sect was propagated across Japan, Hiyoshijinja Shrine was branched and constructed across Japan based on the Sanno Shinko belief.
Japanese: 天台宗が全国に広がる過程で、山王信仰に基づいて日吉社も全国に勧請・創建された。
English: There are about 3,800 shrines under the names of Hiyoshijinja Shrine, Hiejinja Shrine, and Sannojinja Shrine in Japan.
Japanese: 日吉（ひよし）神社・日枝（ひえ）神社、あるいは山王神社などという社名の神社は、日本全国に約3,800社ある。
English: During the amalgamation of Buddhism with the indigenous religion Shinto, the shrines were named Sanno, Sannno-Gongen, Hiyoshi-Sanno, and the like, and now they are nicknamed Sanno-san.
Japanese: 神仏習合期には山王（山王権現・日吉山王など）と称され、今日でも山王さんの愛称で親しまれている。
English: Monkey is considered the sacred messenger of Hiyoshijinja Shrine, but the relationship between the shrine and monkey is unknown.
Japanese: 日吉神社の神使は猿であるが、猿との関連性についてはよく分かっていない。
English: Hiyoshitaisha Shrine began to have its dignified appearance as the head shrine by having Daigu (or Daihiei, original enshrined deity: Shakuju Nyorai) and Ninomiya (or Kohiei, original enshrined deity: Yakushi Nyorai) as gracious deities at both sides, by adding Shoshinshi (original enshrined deity: Amida Nyorai) later to collectively call three of them Sanno Sanjo or Sansei, and by further adding Hachioji (original enshrined deity: Senju Kannon), Kyakujin (original enshrined deity: Juichimen Kannon), Juzenji (original enshrined deity: Jizo Bodai), and Sangu (original enshrined deity: Fugen Bodai) to collectively call them Sanno nanasha (Kami nanasha).
Japanese: 大社自体も大宮(大比叡・本地釈梼如来)、二宮(小比叡・本地薬師如来)を山王両明神とし、聖真子(本地阿弥陀如来)を加えて山王三所または三聖といい、やがて八王子(本地千手観音)、客人(本地十一面観音)、十禅師(本地地蔵菩醍)、三宮(本地普賢菩醍)を加えて山王七社（上七社）となすなど、総本山の威容を整え始めた。
English: According to the theory of Honji Suijakusetsu, it increased its subshrines by seven as nakananasha and seven as shimonanasha to call the whole of the shrines 'Sanno 21 shrines'.
Japanese: そして本地垂迹説によってさらに数を増し中七社、下七社を加えて「山王二十一社」と称した。
English: The portable shrines carried by warrior monks of Mt. Hiei for a direct petition in the mediaeval era belonged to Hiyoshitaisha Shrine.
Japanese: 中世に比叡山の僧兵が強訴のために担ぎ出した神輿は日吉大社のものである。
English: In 1571, Hiyoshitaisha Shrine was burned down in the Siege of Mt. Hiei headed by Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 元亀2年（1571年）、織田信長の比叡山焼き討ち(1571年)により、日吉大社も灰燼に帰した。
English: Sannomatsuri was one of Three Major Festivals in Edo together with Kandamatsuri and Fukagawamatsuri that were crowded with people, and it began when Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was transferred to a new domain of Edo and Ieyasu transferred Hiyoshisha Shrine to the Momijiyama hill within Edo-jo Castle to make it the guardian deity of the castle.
Japanese: なお江戸で「三大祭」として賑わったのは、山王祭（さんのうまつり）、神田祭、深川祭であるが、この山王まつりとは、徳川家康が江戸に移封された際に、同地にあった日吉社を城内の紅葉山に遷座し、江戸城の鎮守としたことに始まる。
English: This Hiyoshisha Shrine was originally branched from the Hiyoshisha Shrine that was the guardian deity of Muryojuji Temple (present Kitain Temple) in Kawagoe in 1478 by Dokan OTA when he constructed Edo-jo Castle.
Japanese: この社の由来は、太田道灌が江戸城築城にあたり、文明(日本)10年（1478年）に川越の無量寿寺（現在の喜多院）の鎮守である日吉社を勧請したのにはじまるとされる。
English: It is said that Muryojuji Temple was built by Ennin (also known as Jikakudaishi) on orders of Emperor Junna in 830 during the early Heian period.
Japanese: 無量寿寺は平安初期の天長7年（830年）、淳和天皇の命で円仁（慈覚大師）が建立したとされる。
English: Incidentally, the Hiyoshisha Shrine in Edo was renamed Hiejinja Shrine after July 30, 1868.
Japanese: ちなみに、この江戸の日吉社に日枝（ひえ）神社と名称が付けられたのは、慶応4年（明治元年）6月11日以降のことである。
English: As the Tendai sect was propagated across Japan, Sanno Gongen was branched and constructed across Japan mostly to be the guardian deity of the Tendai sect temples.
Japanese: 天台宗が全国に広がる過程で、山王権現も各地に勧請され、多くは天台宗の寺院の鎮守神とされた。
English: The shrine names '日吉' is pronounced as 'Hie' for some temples, '日吉' is pronounced as 'Hiyoshi' for some temples, and '日枝' is pronounced as 'Hie' for some temples.
Japanese: 社名については、「日吉」と書いて「ひえ」と読むもの、「日吉」と書いて「ひよし」と読むもの、「日枝」と書いて「ひえ」と読むものがある。
English: Hiejinja, (Ota Ward) (Sanno, Ota Ward, Tokyo) The neighborhood was named 'Sanno' after the shrine.
Japanese: 日枝神社(大田区)（東京都大田区山王(大田区)、付近の地名「山王」の由来となっている）
English: Rengo (1468 - August 26, 1543) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) over the middle of the Muromachi period and the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
Japanese: 蓮悟（れんご、応仁2年（1468年）-天文(元号)12年7月16日(旧暦)（1543年8月16日））は、室町時代中期から戦国時代(日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
English: Rengo was believed to have been adopted as infants by his older brother who moved from Kaga to Etchu Provinces with Rengo.
Japanese: 幼少時代に兄の元に養子に出されたと見られ、兄とともに加賀国・越中国を転々とした。
English: Kaga Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers in Kaga Province) ended with a victory of Ikko sect followers, and in 1483 when Kaga Province was stabilized more or less, Rengo did tokudo (enter the Buddhist priesthood) by his oldest brother Junnyo who visited Kaga Province as myodai (a substitute) of his father.
Japanese: 加賀一向一揆が一揆側の勝利に終わり、加賀国内が一応の安定を見た文明(日本)14年（1483年）に父の名代として加賀を訪れた長兄順如の手によって得度した。
English: His older brother Renjo, who became foster father of Rengo, was the second son of Rennyo and he was expected to be a consensus builder of followers in the Hokuriku region, but he was prone to illness and he inherited Honsen-ji Temple when Rengo did tokudo (enter the Buddhist priesthood).
Japanese: 養父となった兄・蓮乗は蓮如の次男であり北陸地方の門徒のまとめ役になる事を期待されていたが、病気がちであり、蓮悟の得度の際にあわせて本泉寺を継承している。
English: In 1487, he moved Honsen-ji Temple to Wakamatsu no sho, Kawakita County (present Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture).
Japanese: 長享元年（1487年）、本泉寺を河北郡若松荘（現在の石川県金沢市）に移転した。
English: Although there was no evidence of direct involvement, they were believed to have some sort of connection with the Revolt of the Chokyo era, which Shugo (provincial constable) Masachika TOGASHI was defeated the following year, since the control of Kaga Province was thereafter moved to 'Two Temples' system led by Rengo and Renko.
Japanese: 翌年に守護富樫政親が倒された長享の一揆には直接の関与の明証は無いものの、その後の加賀の支配が蓮悟と蓮綱主導の「両御山」体制に移されている事から、何らかのつながりがあったとされている。
English: Later, Rengo adopted his younger paternal brother Jitsugo (who was known to call Kaga Province 'country governed by peasants'), but Rengo disfavored Jitsugo when a conspiracy that Jikken, Jitsugo's older maternal brother, was put up to be the head of the sect ('Osaka Ichiran' [Osaka-ichi War]) was discovered in 1505 and furthermore when Jitsugo had his biological child Sanenori in 1508.
Japanese: やがて異母弟の実悟（後に加賀を「百姓の持ちたる国」と呼んだ事で知られる）を養子に迎えるが、永正2年（1505年）に実悟の同母兄実賢を法主の擁立しようとする陰謀（「大坂一乱」）が発覚し、更に同5年（1508年）実子の実教が生まれるとこれを疎んじた。
English: Then Jitsugo was transferred to the chief priest of a branch temple for the reason that his biological mother was from the Hatakeyama clan who fought against an uprising of Ikko sect followers.
Japanese: やがて、生母が一向一揆と敵対する畠山氏出身であるという理由で末寺の住職に移された。
English: Thereafter, the unjust treatment of Jitsugo by Rengo continued, and in 1519 when 'Ichimon-Ikke System' (system divided the Hongan-ji families into Ichimonshu [clansman, for legitimate son] and Ikkeshu [the same lineage people as the Hongan-ji Temple, for second son and younger]) was introduced in Hongan-ji Temple, Jitsugo was placed in the lowest grade 'Ikke' due to Rengo's opinion, although there was a possibility that Jitsugo would be placed in the highest grade 'Renshi' because Jitsugo was a biological child of Rennyo.
Japanese: 以後の蓮悟の実悟への仕打ちは続き、永正16年（1519年）に本願寺に「一門一家制」を導入した際に実悟は蓮如の子という事で最上級の「連枝」になる可能性もあったにも関わらず、蓮悟の意見で最下級の「一家」に編入されている。
English: In addition, Rene of Hongaku-ji Temple tried to blame Rengo for his banishment from Echizen Province as a result of failure in attack against the Asakura clan in the province which has been advanced by Rengo and others, but in return, he finally yielded to Rengo who suggested Rene's excommunication to the head of the sect Jitsunyo.
Japanese: 更に蓮悟らによって進められた越前国朝倉氏攻め失敗の煽りを受けて越前を追放された本覚寺の蓮恵が蓮悟に対して越前追放を受けた責任を追及しようとしたところ、逆に法主実如に蓮恵の破門を進言して最終的に屈服させた。
English: In this way, it was said that Rengo took often a severe attitude toward branch temples and followers and therefore incurred often their hostility.
Japanese: 末寺や門徒に対して厳しい態度を取る事が多く、恨みを買う事が多かったといわれる。
English: However, after Shonyo became the head of Hongan-ji Temple, Shonyo and his guardian Renjun (the sixth son of Rennyo and maternal grandfather of Shonyo) adopted a policy of strengthening Ichimon (group of priests of the same sect) regulation by the head.
Japanese: ところが、本願寺の法主が証如の代に入ると証如とその後見である蓮淳（蓮如の六男で証如の外祖父）は法主による一門統制を強める政策を採った。
English: In order to carry out the policy, Jikken, who was Renjun's adopted son-in-law and the chief priest of Chosho-ji Temple, one of branch temples in Kaga Province (originally it has been in Echizen Province, but it was banished as with Honsen-ji Temple mentioned previously) was appointed as deputy and issued an order to deny 'Two Temples' system throughout Kaga Province.
Japanese: その遂行のために蓮淳の娘婿で加賀の末寺の一つ超勝寺（元は越前にあり前述の本泉寺とともに追放されていた）の住持であった実顕が代官に任じられて「両御山」体制を否認する命令を加賀各地に出す。
English: In response to this, Rengo and Renkei (Renko's legitimate child) staged an uprising for putting down the Chosho-ji Temple for the reason that Jikken's order violated the rules established by Rennyo and Jitsunyo under which obedience of Ichimonshu (clansman) to instructions was provided.
Japanese: これに対して蓮悟や蓮慶（蓮綱の嫡子）は蓮如・実如が定めた一門衆の指導への服従を定めた規則に反するとして超勝寺の討伐のための一揆を起こした。
English: However, in return, upon hearing the news of the uprising, Renjun issued an order to assist the Chosho-ji Temple to the followers in the Kinai (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) and Tokai regions for the reason that attacking the deputy of the head Jikken was a rebellion against the head of the Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: ところが、この報を受けた蓮淳は逆に法主の代理である実顕を討つ事は本願寺法主に対する反逆であるとして畿内・東海地方の門徒に超勝寺救援の命令を発したのである。
English: When Kaga-monto (followers in Kaga Province) knew about the order, they were disturbed and separated from each other and in 1531 Rengo escaped to Noto Province (Daisho Ikki [Big League-Little League War]).
Japanese: これを知った加賀門徒は動揺して分裂、享禄4年（1531年）蓮悟は能登国に逃れた（大小一揆）。
English: Renjun excommunicated Rengo and his family in the name of Shonyo and furthermore allowed the followers to execute them as traitors (one theory holds that Renjun had deep resentment against Rengo because Renjun didn't get promoted in the sect as fast as Rengo although Renjun was Rengo's older maternal brother).
Japanese: 蓮淳は証如の名において蓮悟とその家族を破門し、更に反逆者として門徒が彼らを処刑する事を許した（一説には蓮淳は蓮悟の同母兄でありながら、宗門内での出世が弟より遅れていた事を深く恨んでいたとも言われる）。
English: Renjun's order was faithfully carried out and Sanenori, Rengo's beloved legitimate son, was poisoned to death on March 12, 1532, the following year, in Echizen Province where Rengo and Sanenori have hidden.
Japanese: 命令は忠実に実行され、翌享禄5年1月26日(旧暦)（1532年）には潜伏先の越前で蓮悟最愛の嫡男・実教が毒殺された。
English: Rengo barely survived because Shonyo and Renjun hesitated to intervene in Sakai City.
Japanese: 証如や蓮淳も堺に手を出す事は憚られたために蓮悟は辛うじて生き延びられた。
English: However, he was not absolved from an excommunication and he had fallen on hard times in Sakai and ended his life of 76 years.
Japanese: だが、破門は解かれる事はなく、堺で零落したまま76歳の生涯を閉じた。
English: Renko (1450 - December 6, 1531) was a priest of Jodo Shinshu sect (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) from the mid Muromachi period to the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
Japanese: 蓮綱（れんこう、宝徳2年（1450年）-享禄4年10月18日(旧暦)（1531年11月26日））は、室町時代中期から戦国時代_(日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
English: When he was a child, he was placed with a temple of Jodoshu sect, but in about 1470, he moved to Kaga Province.
Japanese: 幼い頃、浄土宗の寺院に預けられていたが、文明年間初め頃に加賀国に下る。
English: In 1476, however, when Rennyo and Masachika TOGASHI, the provincial constable of Kaga Province, came into conflict, Renko joined his father who was then in Yoshizaki Gobo (the first permanently fortified temple, founded by Rennyo in 1471), and left Kaga once.
Japanese: しかし、蓮如と加賀守護富樫政親が対立した文明(日本)7年（1476年）に吉崎御坊にいた父と合流して一旦加賀を離れた。
English: But when he returned to Shoko-ji Temple five years later, he opposed the Togashi clan in cooperation with his young brothers Rengo, who had led Ikko sect's revolt in neighboring Etchu Province, and Rensei, who had stayed in Yoshizaki.
Japanese: だが、5年後に再び松岡寺に復帰すると隣国越中国一向一揆を指導していた弟蓮悟や吉崎に残っていた同じく弟の蓮誓と連携して富樫氏と対抗した。
English: In 1488, when Masachika raised an army for subjugation of the revolt, they destroyed the army instead (Revolt of the Chokyo era).
Japanese: 長享2年(1488年)に政親が一揆討伐軍を上げると逆にこれを攻め滅ぼした（長享の一揆）。
English: While Yasutaka TOGASHI succeeded Masachika as provincial constable, Renko and Rengo effectively became lords of the province and established the 'Two Temples' system.
Japanese: 後継の守護に富樫泰高を擁立しながらも実質的には蓮綱と蓮悟が事実上の国主となる「両御山」体制を敷いた。
English: Their father Rennyo harshly criticized this, but they succeeded in stopping the order for punitive expedition by the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), based on a tacit agreement with Shogunal Deputy Masamoto HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: これに対して父・蓮如は激しく非難しているが、実際には管領細川政元の暗黙の了解を得て室町幕府による討伐令を中止させている。
English: Subsequently, Rennyo and his successor Jitsunyo had Rennyo's children Renko, Rensei and Rengo represent the Shinshu sect in Kaga and lead its people, in an effort to establish a system to protect Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: その後、蓮如と後を継いだ実如は蓮綱・蓮誓・蓮悟ら蓮如の子供達を加賀における真宗の代表として民衆を統率させて本願寺を擁護する体制を作る事に尽力するようになる。
English: In 1506, they received a request from Masamoto HOSOKAWA and launched a revolt against Sadakage ASAKURA (the ninth head of Echizen Province) but were defeated by the Asakura clan led by Soteki ASAKURA, Kagemoto ASAKURA and Kagezane HORIE, after which Yoshizaki Gobo was destroyed and the believers of Shinshu sect in Echizen were driven out of the province.
Japanese: 永正3年（1506年）、細川政元の依頼を受けて越前国の朝倉貞景(9代当主)討伐の一揆を起こすが、朝倉宗滴・朝倉景職・堀江景実が率いる朝倉氏に敗れて逆に吉崎御坊は破壊されて越前の真宗信者は国外に追放されてしまう。
English: After that, Renko left the management of Shoko-ji Temple and the teaching of Kaga followers up to his son Renkei and his brother Rengo, respectively, and lived in retirement.
Japanese: その後、松岡寺の運営を息子蓮慶に、加賀門徒の指導を弟の蓮悟に任せて引退生活に入る。
English: However, when Shonyo became the lord of Hongan-ji Temple and his guardian Renjun (the sixth son of Rennyo and maternal grandfather of Shonyo) took a policy of keeping the family under control by the lord, they pursued their policy by appointing Saneaki, Renjun's adopted son-in-law and a chief priest in Chosho-ji Temple, one of Hogan-ji Temple's branch temples, who had been expelled from Echizen by the Asakura clan, as local governor to issue an order to reject the 'Two Temples' system throughout Kaga.
Japanese: ところが、本願寺の法主が証如の代に入ると証如とその後見である蓮淳（蓮如の6男で証如の外祖父）は法主による一門統制を強める政策を採り、その遂行のために蓮淳の娘婿で朝倉氏によって越前から追放されていた末寺の一つ超勝寺の住持であった実顕が代官に任じられて「両御山」体制を否認する命令を加賀各地に出す。
English: In response, Rengo and Renkei staged a revolt to put down the Chosho-ji Temple, insisting that this was against the rules on the clansmen's conformity to the teachings established by Rennyo and Jitsunyo.
Japanese: これに対して蓮悟や蓮慶は蓮如・実如が定めた一門衆の指導への服従を定めた規則に反するとして超勝寺の討伐のための一揆を起こした。
English: Informed of this, however, Rengo figured that fighting against Saneaki, deputy head priest, would be a rebellion against the head priest of Hongan-ji Temple, and gave an order to get the followers in the Kinai and Tokai regions to go to the rescue of the Chosho-ji Temple.
Japanese: ところが、この報を受けた蓮悟は逆に法主の代理である実顕を討つ事は本願寺法主に対する反逆であるとして畿内・東海地方の門徒に超勝寺救援の命令を発したのである。
English: When the followers in Kaga found this out, they became upset and split, and in August, 1531, the Shoko-ji Temple was occupied by the Chosho-ji Temple force, and Renko and his son Renkei ended up in confinement (Daisho Ikki [Big League-Little League War]).
Japanese: これを知った加賀門徒は動揺して分裂、享禄4年7月松岡寺は超勝寺側に占領されて蓮綱・蓮慶親子は幽閉されてしまった（大小一揆）。
English: Three months later, Renko died at the age of 82 where he was confined, and it is believed by some that on January 5, Renkei, then 49, and his family were also put to death on a charge of attempt to flee.
Japanese: 3ヵ月後蓮綱は幽閉先にて82歳で没し、更に11月18日_(旧暦)には蓮慶（49歳）ら家族も逃亡を図ろうとした廉で捕えられ自害したとも処刑されたともいう。
English: From then on, the Shoko-ji Temple remained abolished until it was allowed restoration within Noto Province in the early Edo period.
Japanese: 以後、松岡寺は江戸時代初期に能登国国内にて再興を許されるまで廃絶状態となる。
English: Bando-bushi is an event taking place at Buddhist memorial services and Hoon-ko (memorial services for Shinran) in the Otani school of the Shinshu Sect.
Japanese: 坂東曲（ばんどうぶし）とは、真宗大谷派の法要・報恩講でなされる行事。
English: This event originated from an anecdote of Shinran that when he was transported to Echigo (currently Niigata Prefecture), he chanted intently in a ship which weltered heavily in a rough sea.
Japanese: 親鸞が越後へ流罪になる際、荒波に揺れる船の中で一心に念仏を唱えた話に由来する。
English: Ikkoshu is a Buddhist sect founded by Ikko Shunsho, a Jodoshu sect monk during the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 一向宗（いっこうしゅう）とは、鎌倉時代の浄土宗の僧・一向俊聖が創めた仏教宗派。
English: The sect was forcibly integrated into the Jishu sect and renamed 'the Ikko school of the Jishu sect' by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 江戸幕府によって時宗に強制的に統合されて「時宗一向派」と改称させられた。
English: It was developed into a formal name for the former Jodo Shinshu sect, which the Edo bakufu forcibly renamed during the Edo period.
Japanese: 転じて江戸時代、江戸幕府によって強制的に浄土真宗の公式名称とさせられたもの。
English: From the viewpoint of Buddhist history, the first definition is considered the only correct definition of 'Ikkoshu'; in practice, however, as with the impression of the Ikko ikki uprising during the Sengoku period (period of warring states) and forcible integration (the ban on using the name 'Ikkoshu') by the Edo bakufu, as in the first definition, and the forcible renaming of the Jodo Shinshu sect (forcing the Jodo Shinshu sect to use the name 'Ikkoshu') by the Edo bakufu, as in the second definition, the second definition is now generally adopted.
Japanese: 仏教史的な観念からすれば、本来は1.のみが「一向宗」の正しい定義であるとも考えらるが、実際には戦国時代_(日本)の一向一揆の印象や江戸幕府による1.の強制統合（「一向宗」の使用禁止）と2.の強制改名（「一向宗」の使用強要）に伴い、今日では2.のみを指すのが一般的である。
English: The sect founded by the monk Ikko Shunsho (ca.1239 - ca.1287) during the Kamakura period is sometimes called 'Ikkoshu.'
Japanese: 鎌倉時代の僧侶・一向俊聖（暦仁2年（1239年）?-弘安10年（1287年）?、以下「一向」と表記）を祖とする宗派を「一向宗」と呼ぶ場合がある。
English: Ikko Shunsho, a descendant of the Kusano clan in Chikugo Province, was originally a monk of the Chinzei school of the Jodoshu sect; according to another opinion, he was a monk of the Nishiyama Jodoshu sect.
Japanese: 一向は筑後国草野氏の出身で初めは浄土宗鎮西派（西山派という異説もある）の僧侶であった。
English: Renge-ji Temple was subsequently made the head temple of Ikkoshu, and its teachings were propagated in Tohoku, Northern Kanto, Owari, and Omi by building branch temples in the areas, forming an independent Buddhist sect.
Japanese: 以後、同寺を本山として東北、北関東、尾張、近江に一向の法流と伝える寺院が分布し、教団を形成していた。
English: In the "Nomori no Kagami," which was written at the end of the Kamakura period, it is recorded that this sect was called Ikkoshu, and was a completely different sect from the later Jodo Shinshu sect.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代末期に書かれた『野守鏡』にはこの教団を一向宗と呼んで、後世の浄土真宗とは全く無関係の宗派として存在している事が記録されている。
English: (An 'Ikkoshu' appeared in the "Tengu-zoshi," but this indicated the people of another sect headed by Ippen. [See 'Ikko Shunsho'])
Japanese: （『天狗草子』にも一向宗と出てくるが、これについては一遍の衆を指したものである。（一向俊聖の項を参考））
English: However, since Ikko Shunsho propagated his teachings and raised funds for temples by performing pilgrimages and 'Odorinenbutsu,' just as Ippen of the Jishu sect did during the same period, people confused the Ikkoshu and Jishu sects.
Japanese: だが、同時期の一遍と同様に、遊行や踊り念仏を行儀とする念仏勧進聖であることから、時衆と混同されるようになっていく。
English: Both Ikko Shunsho and Ippen established their original doctrines under the influence of the Jodoshu sect, but their sects were completely independent from each other.
Japanese: 確かに一向も一遍と同様に浄土宗の影響を受けて自己の教義を確立させたものであるが、全く別箇に教団を開いたものである。
English: It is considered that the teachings of Ikko Shunsho were the same as those of Ippen in that both performed Odorinenbutsu, but different in that Ikko Shunsho did not put any particular religious meaning in the Buddhist invocation in his Odorinenbutsu.
Japanese: また、一遍と違い一向の教えは踊り念仏を行うとはいえ、念仏そのものに特別な宗教的意義を見出す事は少なかったとされている。
English: As time passed, however, the teachings of Ikko Shunsho became mixed up with the teachings of Odorinenbutsu which Ippen had established, and these teachings became further confused with the Jodo Shinshu sect founded by Shinran.
Japanese: ところが時代が降るにつれて一向の教えが同じ踊り念仏の一遍の教えと混同され、更に親鸞の起こした浄土真宗とも混ざり合うという現象が見られるようになる。
English: This tendency was particularly visible in the Hokuriku region, where the doctrine of Ikko Shunsho was propagated in the early period.
Japanese: 特に一向の教義が早い段階で流入していた北陸地方ではその傾向が顕著であった。
English: When Hongan-ji Temple was destroyed by warrior monks from the Saito area of Enryaku-ji Temple, and Rennyo, the eighth head of the Hongan-ji school of the Jodo Shinshu sect, sought to find his way into the Hokuriku region, Rennyo aimed his propagation at the monks and followers who were based in the Jodo teachings under the influence of Ikko Shunsho and Ippen, collectively calling them '一向衆' Ikkoshu, meaning 'the people of Ikkoshu sect', instead of '一向宗' Ikkoshu, the name for Ikko Shunsho's sect.
Japanese: 浄土真宗本願寺8世の蓮如が延暦寺西塔の衆徒により本願寺が破却され、北陸地方に活動の場を求めた時に、布教の対象としたのはこうした一向や一遍の影響を受けて同じ浄土教の土壌を有した僧侶や信者であり、蓮如はこれを「一向衆」（「一向宗」ではない）と呼んだ。
English: Hongan-ji Temple and Rennyo's mission succeeded in the Hokuriku region thanks to the existence of the 'people of Ikkoshu sect,' whose religious concept was similar to that of Hongan-ji and Rennyo; on the other hand, though, Rennyo worried that the teachings of Shinran might be distorted by those people.
Japanese: 本願寺及び蓮如の北陸における成功の背景にはこうした近似した宗教的価値観を持った「一向衆」の存在が大きいわけであるが、同時に蓮如はこれによって親鸞の教えが歪められてしまう事を恐れた。
English: Worse still, another set of people whom other sects called 'Ikkoshu sect' for a different reason (discussed later) deepened Rennyo's worries.
Japanese: 更に別の事由から他宗派より「一向宗」と呼称されていた（後述）も彼の憂慮を深めた。
English: In 1473, Rennyo wrote in the "Jogai Ofumi," a collection of letters, as follows:
Japanese: 文明_(日本)5年（1473年）に蓮如によって書かれた『帖外御文』には次のようにある。
English: Here he stated that the Ikkoshu sect was a sect founded by Ikko Shunsho and that any Hongan-ji Temple believers who used the name of the Ikkoshu sect would be expelled, although he confused the sects of Ippen and Ikko Shunsho.
Japanese: 一向宗が一向の教団でもあることを明記して本願寺の門徒で一向宗の名前を使ったものは破門するまで書かれているものの、ここでも一遍と一向の宗派が混同されている。
English: However, during the Edo period, the Edo bakufu attempted to introduce the strict head-branch system into all the Buddhist temples; for that reason, the bakufu denied Ikkoshu's independence as a sect, integrated it with the Jishu sect, founded by Ippen, with Shojoko-ji Temple as its head temple (because the Ikkoshu also practiced Odorinenbutsu as the Jishu sect did), and thereafter prohibited the people from using the name 'Ikkoshu.'
Japanese: ところが、江戸時代に入ると、江戸幕府は本末制度の徹底化のために一向の流派を独立した宗派とは認めず同じ踊り念仏という事で、清浄光寺を総本山とする一遍を祖とする時宗の管轄下に置かれて「一向宗」の呼称を用いる事を禁じられた。
English: According to the summary of the Jishu teachings "Jishu Yoryakufu," of the twelve schools of the Jishu sect, the Ikko and Tendo schools inherited the teachings of the Ikkoshu sect.
Japanese: 『時宗要略譜』によると時宗十二派のうち、一向派、天童派が一向の法脈を受け継ぐものとされている。
English: Although the Ikko school (the former Ikkoshu sect followers) naturally tried gain independence from the Jishu sect over and over again, they always failed.
Japanese: 当然のように一向派（かつての一向の一向宗）は再三に亘る独立運動を起こすも実らなかった。
English: It was in 1943, during the Showa period, that most temples were separated from the Jishu sect and returned to the Jodoshu sect, the parent organization of Ikko Shunsho.
Japanese: 大半の寺院が時宗を離れ、一向の母体であった浄土宗に帰属するようになったのは昭和時代に入った1943年の事であった。