nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In 1305, Sadachika HACHIYA (the Hachiya clan), the son of Mitsusada was executed because he had been involved in the attack on Tokimura HOJO, who was Rensho (an assistant to the regent).
Japanese: 嘉元3年（1305年）、光定の子の蜂屋定親（蜂屋氏）は連署北条時村襲撃事件に関与して処刑されている。
English: As the execution of Sadachika did not seem to have bad influence on Yorisada TOKI, the brother of Sadachika, Yorisada's family line became the main branch of the Toki family.
Japanese: 兄弟の土岐頼貞に累は及ばなかったようで、頼貞の系統が土岐氏の嫡流となる。
English: During the Kamakura period, the Toki clan made its branch families settle down in Mino Province, where it formed a powerful samurai group called "Kikyo ikki" which was named after its family crest.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代には土岐氏は庶流を美濃国内に多く土着させて、家紋にちなんだ「桔梗一揆」と呼ばれる強力な武士団を形成していた。
English: In Shochu Disturbance that occurred in 1324, Emperor Godaigo first plotted to overthrow the Kamakura Shogunate.
Japanese: 正中(日本)元年（1324年）には後醍醐天皇の最初の討幕計画である正中の変が起きた。
English: According to "Taiheiki" (The Record of the Great Peace), Yorisada, who participated in the plot to topple bakufu, was killed by the army of bakufu that sensed the conspiracy.
Japanese: 『太平記』では頼貞がこの倒幕計画に加担し、陰謀を察知した幕府軍に討たれる話になっている。
English: However, the story about Taiheiki recorded contradics the fact that Yorisada played an important role in the battles occurred in later years, nevertheless, it is certain that the family of the Toki clan was involved in the plot.
Japanese: しかしながら、頼貞はその後の戦乱で活躍しており、記録に混乱があるが、土岐氏の一族がこの計画に関与したのは確かである。
English: When the Kamakura bakufu was overthrown by the army raised byTakauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA in 1331 (Genko War), Yorisada sided with Takauji, and later distinguished himself in various battle fields in cooperation with Takauji during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), then he was finally appointed as Mino no Shugo (the provincial constable of Mino Province).
Japanese: 元弘元年（1331年）、足利尊氏、新田義貞らの挙兵によって鎌倉幕府が滅亡した時（元弘の乱）には頼貞は尊氏に味方し、その後の南北朝時代(日本)でも尊氏とともに転戦して戦功をあげ、美濃守護に任じられた。
English: With its strong foothold in Mino Province, the Toki clan became a powerful samurai group who supported the Shogun of the Ashikaga Shogunate.
Japanese: 美濃に強い地盤を持つ土岐氏は足利征夷大将軍を支える有力な武士団となっていた。
English: Yorito TOKI, who was a brave busho (Japanese military commander) also known as "Basara daimyo" (a feudal lord who behaves audaciously), took over the position of Shugoshiki (provincial constable of Mino Province) from Yorisada.
Japanese: 頼貞から守護職を継いだのは、勇猛な武将でバサラ大名としても知られる土岐頼遠である。
English: Yorito transferred his base to Nagamori-jo castle, a new castle in Atsumi County, from Toki county, which had been the birthplace of the Toki clan since the Heian period.
Japanese: 頼遠は平安時代からの発祥の地であった、それまでの土岐郡から厚見郡に新築した長森城へと本拠を移転している。
English: Although Yorito distinguished himself in battles, his excessive arrogance made himself cause a violence against Emperor Kogon in 1342, so he was executed.
Japanese: その他、合戦では目覚しい働きを示していたが、驕慢な振る舞いが限度を超えて、康永元年（1342年）光厳天皇への狼藉事件を起こして処刑されてしまう。
English: After the succession of Shugoshiki, Yoriyasu sided with Takauji and Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, and often renderd distinguished war services.
Japanese: 頼遠の甥）が継ぐと、合戦では尊氏・足利義詮に味方し、たびたびの戦功を挙げた。
English: At the height of his prosperity, Yoriyasu became Daidaimyo (a feudal lord having a greater stipend), being in charge of shugoshiki not only in Mino Province, his honryo (main domain), but also Owari and Ise Provinces.
Japanese: 本領美濃の他にも、尾張国と伊勢国の守護職を兼任する大大名となり、最盛期を迎えた。
English: In addition, being added to Hyojosyu (the members of Council of State), Yoriyasu was respected as Syukuro (a chief vassal of a samurai family) since the establishment of bakufu.
Japanese: その上、評定衆にも加えられた頼康は、幕府創業以来の宿老として重きを置かれた。
English: In Mino Province, he constructed Kawate-jo castle in Atsumi county because the new Nagamori-jo castle built by his uncle in the same county was small.
Japanese: 美濃国内においては、叔父が新築した長森城が手狭であるとして、同じ厚見郡内に川手城を築いた。
English: Since then, Kawate-jo castle had been the castle of the head family of the Toki clan during the Muromchi period until the era of Yorinori Toki, the 13th Shugo of Mino Province.
Japanese: 以降、川手城は室町期を通して13代守護土岐頼芸に至るまで、土岐宗家の居城となった。
English: Following the death of Yoriyasu in 1387, Yasuyuki TOKI, who was the nephew and adoptive son of Yoriyasu, ascended to the reigns of the family.
Japanese: 嘉慶(日本)元年（1387年）頼康が死去すると、養嗣子に迎えた甥の土岐康行が惣領を継ぐ。
English: However, under the reign of the 3rd Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, who was aiming at strengthening his authority, the powers of several Shugo daimyo families were forced to diminish.
Japanese: ところが、3代将軍足利義満の治世では将軍の権力強化の煽りを受けて、勢力削減の対象となった守護大名家が出てきた。
English: Even the power of the Imagawa clan, which was a family of the Ashikaga clan, was weakened by the punishment of Sadayo IMAGAWA, in spite of his great achievements in the past.
Japanese: 足利氏の一門である今川氏でさえ、これまで大功のあった今川貞世が処罰され、勢力を弱められている。
English: Yasuyuki was allowed to dominate only Mino and Ise Provinces, even though he was the eldest son, and the remaining Owari Province was distributed to Mitsusada TOKI, (the real younger brother of Yasuyuki).
Japanese: 康行は総領でありながら美濃と伊勢の2ヶ国のみの領有しか許されず、残る尾張は土岐満貞（康行の実弟）に分与されてしまう。
English: Feeling dissatisfied with this treatment, Yasuyuki was driven to raise an army, but his army was suppressed and ruined by the army of bakufu (Yasuyuki TOKI's rebellion).
Japanese: この処置に不満な康行は挙兵に追い込まれて、幕府軍の討伐を受けて没落した（土岐康行の乱）。
English: After being deprived of Ise Province, Yasuyuki participated in Meitoku War in 1391, standing for bakufu.
Japanese: 伊勢を召し上げられた康行は、明徳2年（1391年）の明徳の乱で幕府方として参戦。
English: On the other hand, Mitsusada, who participated in the Meitoku War on the Shogunate side, was dissmissed from Owari no Shugo (provincial constable of Owari Province) because of his despicabel act, which declined his power.
Japanese: 一方、明徳の乱に幕府方として参戦した満貞は、卑怯な振る舞いがあったとして尾張守護を解任され没落。
English: Toki clan's power was greatly weakened by the intention of Shogun Yoshimitsu.
Japanese: 土岐氏の勢力は義満将軍の目論見によって、大きく削がれることとなった。
English: Mino no Shugo (provincial constable of Mino Province) Yorimasu TOKI, the son of Yoritada, was an excellent busho (military commander) and often distingushed himself in battles, who was listed in Hyojoshu (a member of the Council of State) as one of the head of the Bakufu-Shichito (7 greatest families of bakufu), and became a grand person of the Shogunal cabinet as Samurai-dokoro betto (an administrator of the Board of Retainers).
Japanese: 美濃の守護職を務める頼忠の子の土岐頼益は、優れた武将で合戦でたびたび戦功があり、「幕府七頭」の一家として評定衆に列し、侍所別当として幕閣の重鎮となった。
English: In "Yasuyuki TOKI's rebellion", which occurred in the past, many branch families of the Toki clan sided with Yukiyasu, therefore, the Toki-Nishiikeda clan headed by Yoritada, who newly became Mino no Shugo, appointed the Tomishima clan and the Saito clan, which were local lord of Tozama (military clans who are not a member of the Shogun's family) as shugodai (deputy of Shugo).
Japanese: かつての「康行の乱」では土岐氏庶流の多くが康行に付随したため、新たに美濃守護となった頼忠の土岐西池田氏は外様の国人である富島氏と斎藤氏を守護代として重用する。
English: Subsequently, at the time when Mochimasu TOKI served as Shugo, a conflict between the Tomishima clan and the Saito clan escalated into a civil war, involving the whole Mino Province (Mino Civil War).
Japanese: その後、土岐持益(守護)の頃に富島氏と斎藤氏の争いが、美濃全土を巻き込む内乱に発展した（美濃錯乱）。
English: Finally winning in the war, the Saito clan unilaterally took over the position of Shugodai and gained real power in Mino Province, whereas Mochimasu was forced to retire and Shigeyori TOKI, a member of a branch famiy of theToki clan and who was backed up by Toshimaga Saito, became Shugo.
Japanese: 最終的に勝利した斎藤氏が、守護代を単独で継承して美濃の実権を握るようになった一方、持益は隠居させられ、斎藤利永が擁立する庶流の土岐成頼が守護になった。
English: In this war, Myochin SAITO played an important role by banishing East squad (the Tomishima clan) in Mino Province, and conquered the province by actively seizing Shoen (manor) possessed by Kuge (court nobles) and Kokugaryo (territories governed by provincial government office).
Japanese: この乱では斎藤妙椿が活躍、美濃の東軍方（富島氏）を駆逐し、更に公家の荘園や国衙領を盛んに押領して国内を制圧。
English: Extending the power of the West squad over Owari, Ise, Omi, and Hida Provinces, Myochin came to be considered as a grand person of the West squad.
Japanese: 尾張、伊勢、近江国、飛騨国まで勢力を伸ばして、妙椿は西軍の重鎮に数えられるようになる。
English: Myochin SAITO's case in this period as well as the case of Takakage ASAKURA (the 7th head of the Asakura family) in Echizen Province are famous as good examples of Gekokujo (an inverted social order when the lowly reigned over the elite) when the power of Shugodai (deputy provincial constable) exceeded that of Shugo (provincial constable).
Japanese: 斎藤妙椿は越前国の朝倉孝景(7代当主)と共にこの時代に守護代が守護の力を凌いだ事例（下克上）として有名である。
English: After the death of Myochin in 1480, Toshikuni SAITO (Myojun) and Toshifuji SAITO fought against each other (Bunmei Mino War), then, Myojun and Toshimitsu ISHIMARU, who was Shugodai and a main retainer of the Saito clan), had a fight against each other (the Battle of Funada).
Japanese: 文明(日本)12年（1480年）に妙椿が死去すると、斎藤利国（妙純）と斎藤利藤が争い（文明美濃の乱）、その後は妙純と守護代の家宰石丸利光が戦った（船田合戦）。
English: In this turbulance of Mino province, the Toki clan (Shigeyori and Masafusa TOKI), who served as Shugo, were mere figureheads of the province, where they were involved in conflicts among Kokujin (provincial warriors).
Japanese: この美濃の騒乱では守護の土岐氏（成頼、土岐政房）は国人たちの争いに担ぎ出される傀儡に過ぎなくなっていた。
English: When Myojin, the central figure of the Saito clan, died in the field to Omi Province, Kokujin (local warriors) were devided into two groups, one of which backed up Yoritake TOKI and the other backed up his brother Yorinari TOKI to fight against each other, allowing intervention by the Oda clan in Owari Province, the Rokkaku clan in Omi Province, and the Asakura clan in Echizen Province.
Japanese: 妙純が近江出兵中に戦死すると、斎藤氏は中心を失い国人たちは政房の子の土岐頼武と土岐頼芸の兄弟をおのおの擁立して争い、それに尾張の織田氏や近江の六角氏、越前の朝倉氏が介入した。
English: Subsequently, a newcomer Shinzaemon NAGAI (the father of Dosan SAITO), who gained power, dismissed Yoritake from the position of Shugo, and assigned Yorinari, who lived in Sagiyama-jo castle, to the position.
Japanese: やがて新参の長井新左衛門尉（斎藤道三の父）が頭角を現すと、守護の頼武を追放して鷺山城の頼芸を守護に就ける。
English: After Shinzaemon took over the Nagai clan, his son Norihide NAGAI (later, Dosan SAITO), succeeded to his position and the family name of the Saito clan, referring to himself as Toshimasa SAITO.
Japanese: 新左衛門尉は長井氏を乗っ取り、次いで新左衛門尉の跡を継いだその子長井規秀（後の斎藤道三）が斎藤家の名跡を継ぎ、斎藤利政を名乗った。
English: Being a mere figurehead of the clan, Yorinari was expelled from Mino around 1552 and the power of Toki clan in Mino Province declined.
Japanese: 操り人形に過ぎなくなった頼芸は天文(元号)21年（1552年）頃に追放され、美濃土岐氏は没落した。
English: Meanwhile, Haruyori TOKI, the younger brother of Yorinari succeeded to the reigns of the Edosaki-Toki clan, which was the branch family of the Toki clan, in Hitachi Province, and Yorinari, who was expelled from Mino, temporarily took refuge in Edosaki (present-day Inashiki City, Ibaraki Prefecture).
Japanese: なお、頼芸の弟・土岐治頼は分流の常陸国江戸崎土岐氏を継いでおり、美濃を追われた頼芸は一時江戸崎（現在の茨城県稲敷市）に身を寄せている。
English: (On this occasion, Yorinari is said to have handed over the status as the main branch of the family to the Edosaki-Toki clan, however, the Edosaki-Toki clan also lost its territories at Odawara no Jin (The Siege of Odawara) by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and was destroyed.
Japanese: （このとき土岐氏の嫡流を譲ったとされるが、江戸崎土岐氏もまた豊臣秀吉の小田原の陣に際し領地を失い滅亡した）。
English: In addition, Yorinari relied on Tameyori TOKI, who was the head of a branch family of the Toki clan and castellan of Mangi-jo castle in Kazusa Province (present-day Isumi City, Chiba Prefecture).
Japanese: 更に頼芸は上総国万喜城（現在の千葉県いすみ市）のこちらも分流である土岐為頼を頼った。
English: Yorinari died full of years in 1582, and his sons Yoritsugu TOKI, and Yorimoto TOKI served Edo bakufu as Hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu).
Japanese: 頼芸は天正10年（1582年）まで生きて天寿を全うし、その子・土岐頼次と土岐頼元は旗本として江戸幕府に仕えた。
English: The descendant of Haruyori served the Tokugawa clan, where he became a Shogun's retainer when Yoshimune TOKUGAWA ascended to the Shogunate.
Japanese: 治頼の子孫は紀州徳川家に仕え、徳川吉宗が将軍職を継いだ時に幕臣となった。
English: Although the head of the Toki clan, Yasuyuki TOKI, staged a rebellion against bukufu in 1390, his army was searched and suppressed by Shogun Yoshimitsu and the power of Toki clan declined.
Japanese: 明徳元年（1390年）の土岐氏惣領は、土岐康行の乱を起こすも将軍義満の追討を受けて没落。
English: Subsequently, Yasuyuki, the main culprit of the rebellion, was permitted to return to the service of his former lord, and was reassigned to serve as Hankoku shugo (provincial constable in charge of the half area of the Province) in the northern part of Ise Province in 1400.
Japanese: その当事者である康行は後に帰参を許され、応永7年（1400年）に「伊勢北半国守護」に再任された。
English: However, as Yasuyuki's family line was deprived of Mino no shugoshiki (provincial constable of Mino Province) by Yoritada's family line (the Nishiikeda clan), Yasuyuki's family line referred to itself as the Seho clan, and intermittently took over Ise no Shugoshiki (provincial constable of Ise Province).
Japanese: しかし、主流の美濃守護職は頼忠の家系（西池田家）に奪われたために、康行の家系は世保家と称して、伊勢守護職を断続的に継承することになる。
English: As "Kanmon Nikki" (Diary of Imperial Prince Fushimi no miya Sadafusa) described the Seho clan as 'the successor of the Toki clan', the Seho clan seems to have been considered as the original direct descendant of the Toki clan.
Japanese: 『看聞日記』には世保家が「土岐氏惣領」と記されており、世保家こそが本来の嫡流と見られていたようだ。
English: Kengo Taniguchi, a part-time lecturer of Hosei university mentioned that many families of the Toki clan probably followed the Seho clan.
Japanese: 谷口研語法政大学兼任講師は土岐氏一族の多くは世保家に従っていたであろうと述べている。
English: In 1418, Mochiyori TOKI, the 3rd head of the Seho family, had part of his territory confiscated for allegedly participating in a rebellion against Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA.
Japanese: 応永25年（1418年）、世保系3代当主の土岐持頼は足利義嗣の謀反に加担したとして所領の一部を没収されている。
English: In 1424, Mochiyori was blamed for having an affair with a court lady who served a retired emperor, and was hunted down by bakufu.
Japanese: 応永31年（1424年）、持頼は上皇の女官と密通したと咎められ、幕府の追討を受けた。
English: However, since the Kitabatake family, who served as Kokushi (an officer of a province) had strong power in Ise Province, and often staged rebellions, the Seho family had difficulty in governing the province.
Japanese: ただ、伊勢は国司北畠家の勢力が強く、その後もしばしば反乱が起き、世保家は統治に苦労している。
English: In 1440, Mochiyori was killed in the field to Yamato Province under the order from Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, who promoted a shogunal dictatorship.
Japanese: 永享12年（1440年）、持頼は将軍独裁を進める足利義教の命により大和国出陣中に殺害された。
English: In the Onin War, while Mino-Toki clan belonged to the West squad, Masayasu SEHO, the son of Mochiyori belonged to East squad.
Japanese: 応仁の乱が起こると美濃土岐氏が西軍に属したのに対して、持頼の子の世保政康は東軍に属している。
English: One of the reasons for Masayasu's belonging to the East squad was that Yoshinao Isshiki, who was Hankoku Shugo in the northern part of Ise Province, was in the West squad.
Japanese: また、伊勢北半国守護の一色義直が西軍であったことも政康が東軍に属した理由である。
English: Masayasu was assigned to serve as Hankoku Shugo in the northern part of Ise Province by the East squad, and fought against Noritomo KITABATAKE over the ruling of Ise Province.
Japanese: 政康は東軍によって伊勢北半国守護に任じられ、伊勢の支配を巡って北畠教具と戦っている。
English: Moreover, there is a sign that Masayasu also fought against Mino-Toki clan to cooperate with the Tomishima clan, which was a powerful local lord in Mino Province on the side of East squad.
Japanese: また、政康は東軍に与した美濃の有力国人の富島氏に協力して美濃土岐氏とも戦っていた形跡がある。
English: As the Hitachi-Toki clan temporarily referred to itself as the Hara clan, it was also called 'the Tokihara clan'.
Japanese: 一時期原氏土岐氏系原氏を称したことから「土岐原氏（ときはらし）」とも呼ばれている。
English: Later, it was divided into two clans: the Edosaki-Toki clan and the Ryugasaki-Toki clan, both of which flourished, then the Edosaki-Toki clan dominated the province, and had Haruyori Toki from the head family of the Toki clan.
Japanese: 後に江戸崎土岐氏、竜ヶ崎土岐氏の二氏に分かれ栄えたが、後に江戸崎土岐氏が統一して宗家より土岐治頼を迎える。
English: In the Warring States period (Japan), the Hitachi-Toki clan was forced to be loyal to the Gohojo clan, and their power declined along with the Gohojo clan in the Siege of Odawara, but later it became Hatamoto (direct retainer) of Edo bakufu.
Japanese: 戦国時代(日本)には後北条氏に服属を余儀なくされ、小田原の役においてともに滅亡したが、後に江戸幕府旗本となる。
English: The branch families of the Hitachi-Toki clan included figures such as Masatoshi HARA and his son Masatane HARA, who served the Takeda clan as Jinba bugyo (administrator in charge of deployment program), and Nagayori HARA, who served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and sided with West squad in the Battle of Sekigahara.
Japanese: 傍流には、武田氏に仕え陣馬奉行として活躍した原昌俊・原昌胤父子や豊臣秀吉に仕えて関ヶ原の戦いでは西軍についた太田山藩原長頼などがいる。
English: Tamerori TOKI, who appeared in the Warring States period (Japan), conducted himself tactfully to maintain his power in the middle of confrontation between the Satomi clan and the Gohojo clan over the supremacy of Boso region, however, after his death, the Siege of Odawara broke out in the era of Yoriharu TOKI (Yoshinari), and the Kazusa-Toki clan lost its power because Yoriharu sided with the Gohojo clan.
Japanese: 戦国時代(日本)に現れた土岐為頼は、房総の覇権をめぐって里見氏と後北条氏とが対立するなかでたくみに身を処し勢力を維持したが、為頼の死後、土岐頼春（義成）の代に小田原の役が勃発、頼春（義成）は後北条氏方に与したために滅亡した。
English: In contrast to the Toki clan, who served as Mino no Shugo (provincial constable in Mino Province), became Hatamoto (a direct retainer) of the Tokugawa clan, one of the many collateral lines of the Mino-Toki clan produced daimyo (Japanese feudal lord).
Japanese: 美濃守護職を務めた土岐氏は徳川氏の旗本となったが、数多く在る美濃土岐氏の傍系には大名を輩出した1派がある。
English: The Akechi clan, the collateral line of the Toki clan, who produced daimyo, is said to have been the descendant of Yorimoto Toki, the ninth son of Yorisada Mino, who was the first Mino no Shugo from the Toki clan.
Japanese: その1派である明智氏は、土岐氏初代である美濃守護土岐頼貞の九男頼基を祖とするという。
English: His son Sadamasa fled to Shitara county, Mikawa Province and grew up there, supported by Sadahiro SUGANUMA, the maternal grandfather of him.
Japanese: その子定政は母方の祖父である菅沼定広を頼って三河国設楽郡へ落ち延び、そこで成長した。
English: At first, he was separated from his mother who remarried into the Okudaira clan, therefore, he referred to himself as Tozo SUGANUMA as the adoptive heir of the younger brother of his mother, and had an opportunity to serve Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: 当初、奥平氏に再嫁する母とは離別させられたため、母の弟の養嗣子として菅沼藤蔵を名乗り、家康に仕える機会を得た。
English: Sadamasa was given 10,000 koku (approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield) in Moriya, Shimousa Province (Moriya domain) when the territory of the Tokugawa clan was transferred to Kanto region.
Japanese: 定政は、徳川が関東に移封された際、下総国の守谷市で一万石を与えられた。
English: Under the shogunate and domain system, the territory of the Toki clan was relocated to some other provinces, and finally, it ended up 35,000 koku (approximately 6.3 million liters of crop yield) in Numata domain, Kouzuke Province until the Meiji Restoration was established.
Japanese: 幕藩体制下では、何ヶ国かの転封を経て上野国沼田藩3万5千石として明治維新を迎えた。
English: The Toki family was also called 'the Toki Yamashiro no kami family' because the members of it successively took over the posion of Yamashiro no kami from Sadamasa, who originated the family.
Japanese: 初祖の定政以来、山城守を世襲していたため「土岐山城守家」とも言われる。
English: Incidentally, Yorinori (also called Mitsutsugu AKECHI), who is considered to be the grandfather of Mitsuhide AKECHI, was the elder brother of Yoriaki.
Japanese: なお、明智光秀の祖父ともされる頼典（明智光継ともいう）は、頼明の兄となる。
English: The clan which is descended from Kawachi-Genji line of Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan), is also famous for handing down yusoku kojitsu (studies in ancient court and military practices and usages) of samurai families.
Japanese: 清和源氏の河内源氏の流れをくみ、武家の有職故実を伝える一族としても知られる。
English: The clan name 'Ogasawara' derives from a place name in Koma County of Kai Province and it seems that the residence was located in presently Hokuto City, Yamanashi Prefecture (former Akeno-mura, Kitakoma County) where Ogasawara Maki and Yama Ogasawara no sho were and presently Minami Arupusu City, Yamanashi Prefecture (former Kushigata-machi, Nakakoma County) where Hara Ogasawara sho was.
Japanese: 小笠原氏の家名のもとになった「小笠原」の地名は甲斐国巨摩郡に見られ、小笠原牧や山小笠原庄があった現在の山梨県北杜市（旧北巨摩郡明野村）と、原小笠原庄があった現在の山梨県南アルプス市（旧中巨摩郡櫛形町）に居館があったとされる。
English: While the Takeda clan was the main branch of Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan), the Ogasawara clan of the Kagami clan line was a branch family, however it was never inferior to the Takeda clan considering the social status and influence and still a major clan having territories and family throughout the country.
Japanese: 甲斐源氏の嫡流となった武田氏に対し、加賀美氏流の小笠原氏は庶家にあたるものの、格式や勢力の上では決して武田氏に劣ることなく、全国各地に所領や一族を有する大族である。
English: Since the Muromachi period, because it passed the family tradition down as a key player of yusoku kojitsu in the samurai society, its ceremonies and military arts treated preferentially by bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) of the period.
Japanese: 室町時代以降、武家社会で有職故実の中心的存在となり家の伝統を継承していったことから、時の幕府からも礼典や武芸の事柄においては重用された。
English: In tea ceremony of powdered green tea, in the Edo period, it preserved Sohen school with Sohen YAMADA who was called one of the big four and was a leading disciple of SEN no Sotan, SEN no Rikyu the 3rd, and also established the old school of tea ceremony of the Ogasawara family with a descendant of Choin FURUICHI who was called the best pupil of Juko MURATA.
Japanese: また、抹茶の茶道においては、江戸時代に千利休三世の千宗旦の高弟で四天王と呼ばれた山田宗偏を迎えて宗偏流茶道を保護したり、村田珠光の一の弟子と呼ばれた古市澄胤の後裔を迎えて小笠原家茶道古流を興した。
English: Since the Kamakura period, it transferred its home to Shinano Province and was assigned to serve as Shinano shugo (the Governor of Shinano Province) by the bakufu in the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代から信濃国に本拠を移し、室町時代には幕府から信濃の守護に任ぜられた。
English: The main branch split into two in Shinano and Kyoto, and the branch lines spread within Shinano Province as well as to Awa Province, Bizen Province, Bichu Province, Iwami Province, Mikawa Province, Totomi Province and Mutsu Province.
Japanese: 嫡流は信濃と京都に分かれ、庶流は信濃国内はもちろん、阿波国、備前国、備中国、石見国、三河国、遠江国、陸奥国にも広がった。
English: In the Sengoku period (period of Warring States), the head family of Ogasawara clan was taken its territory and ruined by the Takeda clan, but in the Azuchi-Momoyama period it was restored and in the Edo period it became a fudai daimyo (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family).
Japanese: 戦国時代(日本)には小笠原氏の宗家は武田氏に所領を奪われて没落するが、安土桃山時代に再興し、江戸時代には譜代大名となった。
English: The ancestor of Ogasawara clan, Nagakiyo OGASAWARA was born in Kai Province as the second son of Tomitsu KAGAMI who served as an Imperial Palace Guard to Emperor Takakura.
Japanese: 小笠原氏の祖の小笠原長清は、滝口武者として高倉天皇に仕えた加賀美遠光の次男として甲斐国に生まれた。
English: Nagakiyo who appears as 'Kojiro Nagakiyo KAGAMI' in "Heike Monogatari" (The Tale of the Heike), called himself Ogasawara clan after he inherited the territory of Tomitsu in Ogasawara of Kai Province.
Japanese: 長清は『平家物語』に「加賀美小次郎長清」の名で登場しており、遠光の所領の甲斐国小笠原を相続して小笠原氏を称した。
English: In 1185, the year of the fall of Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) at the Battle of Dan no ura, Tomitsu was assigned to serve as Shinano no kami (governor of Shinano Province) by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who made Shinano Province as proprietary province, then Nagakiyo succeeded the area and the Ogasawara clan settled in Shinano.
Japanese: 伊勢平氏が壇ノ浦の戦いで滅亡した元暦2年・寿永4年（1185年）に、信濃国を知行国とした源頼朝によって遠光は信濃守に任ぜられたが、長清はこの地盤を受け継ぎ、小笠原氏は信濃に土着してゆく。
English: The family crest of the Ogasawara clan, Sangaibishi (three rhombus) was originally that of the Kagami clan (presently only the temple associated with Tomitsu, uses the original crest which has the letter '王' in the Sangaibishi).
Japanese: なお小笠原氏の家紋である三階菱は、本来は加賀美氏の家紋である（現在では遠光ゆかりの寺院のみが、三階菱の中に「王」の文字を入れた原型を用いている）。
English: In addition, some of the descendents of Nagakiyo who settled in Awa where the Ogasawara clan became the shugo, became the Awa-Ogasawara clan.
Japanese: なお、長清の子孫には小笠原氏が守護となった阿波に土着した者がおり阿波小笠原氏となる。
English: Also some of the Awa-Ogasawara clan received territory in Iwami due to the distinguished war service at Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, and became the Iwami-Ogasawara clan.
Japanese: また、阿波小笠原氏の一部は元寇の戦功により石見に所領を得て石見小笠原氏となる。