nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Morning glory in bloom was regarded as a kind of lucky charm, because people believed that it was a sign that the 'Cowherd star' and the 'Weaver star' could see each other again that year.
Japanese: 花が咲いた朝顔は「彦星」と「織姫星」が今年も出会えたしるしとして、縁起の良いものとされた。
English: The origin of the Obon festival is the Urabon-e festival originated in Buddhism, but in Japan, it became the current style of 'Obon festival' incorporating ancient ancestor worship and spirit worship.
Japanese: お盆の起源は仏教に由来する盂蘭盆会であるが、日本では古来の先祖崇拝や精霊崇拝の要素を取り込んで、現在のいわゆる「お盆」の形になった。
English: As hozuki is written '鬼灯' (ogre's light) in kanji characters, it is offered on the Shoryodana (shelf placed ancestral tablet and altarage in the Obon festival) as a symbol of lights leading ancestors' souls (one of the meaning of '鬼' [ogre]) safely back to their home.
Japanese: ほおずきは漢字で「鬼灯」と書き、先祖の霊（「鬼」の字義のひとつ）が迷わず帰ってこられるように導く灯りの象徴として、精霊棚に供えられる。
English: In addition, those who are specially singled out for a certain role in a festival, those who have won a game in the course of a Shinto ritual or those who become yorishiro
Japanese: その他祭りで特別に選ばれた役柄を担う者や神事のなかで競技に勝ち残った者や神の依り代となった者など。
English: It is attached to the part of the wooden framework of a roof called tsuka after raising the framework at the time of a Jotoshiki (the roof-laying ceremony).
Japanese: -上棟式（棟上式・建前）の棟上終了後に屋根の木組みの束と呼ばれる部分に取り付ける。
English: It is square timber inscribed with the words such as celebration for roof-laying, decorated with old style origami in red and white, a paper fan, gold and silver leaves or their substitute (gold or silver paper), and is used to pray for various forms of happiness and protection against evils, in connection with the house and the family.
Japanese: 家や家族の様々な幸福や厄除けを願う物であり、角材に祝上棟などと書き込み紅白の古式折り紙や紙製の扇、金箔や銀箔またはそれらに代わる金、銀紙などで装飾された物。
English: In order to pray for long life, abalones, which have been traditionally thought to live for 100 years, are dried, cut into unbroken strings and further stretched long.
Japanese: 古来アワビは百年生きると考えられており、そのアワビ干物にして、紐状に途切れることなくきった物をさらに長く伸ばすことから長寿を願った。
English: Traditionally Mt. Fuji was regarded as a sacred mountain in Shinto, and everybody visited the mountain in the hope of capitalizing its 'remarkably miraculous efficacy' in the Edo period.
Japanese: -古くから富士山は神道による霊峰とされており江戸時代にはその「霊験あらたか」に肖ろう（あやかろう）と庶民が挙って（こぞって）富士詣（ふじもうで）を行った。
English: For the sake of those who could not visit Mt. Fuji for various reasons, a mound of dirt called Fujizuka, a miniature of Mt. Fuji, was made in shrines, and so on, and torii and hokora (a small shrine) were built on top of the Fujizuka Mound, just as on the actual mountain.
Japanese: 様々な理由で富士詣が出来ない人々のために神社などにおいて富士塚と呼ばれる縮小版の富士山に見立てた小山が作られ、頂上には実際と同じく鳥居や祠などが設けられた。
English: Furthermore, these beliefs about Mt. Fuji have left a place-name Fujimi in various places in Japan where you command a fine view of Mt. Fuji.
Japanese: またこの富士信仰から富士見という地名が富士山を望める日本各地に残されている。
English: It is sung in haretoke (honored occasion, honored day), including festivals and other happy events.
Japanese: -祭りやおめでたい時やハレとケ（晴れの席、晴れの日）に唄われるもの。
English: It is said that ingredients in four colors symbolize the four gods or seasons, and that ingredients in five colors symbolize the universe.
Japanese: -四色の具材で四神または四季、五色の具材で宇宙を表現しているといわれる。
English: In ancient times, people from imperial families ate whale meat in the Imperial Court, expecting medical effects, but later in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan) whale meat was loved by busho (Japanese military commander) and highly valued by samurai families, for geidon (a swallow by a whale) means 'annexation of another country,' toki no koe (toki can be expressed by a pair of kanji meaning, a whale's wave, and toki (鯨波) sometimes written as 鬨 in Chinese character) is associated with a victory, and geiko (a whale's outcry) means 'booming out.'
Japanese: 古くは宮廷で公家が薬事効果を期待し食していたが、戦国時代(日本)には鯨呑が「国を飲み込んで併合・吸収合併する」と言う意味や鯨波の声｛鬨の声（ときのこえ）と読み意味も同じ｝が「戦いに勝つ」という意味や鯨吼が「轟き渡る」という意味などから武将に好まれ武家の間でも珍重された。
English: In the Edo period, with flourishing of whale hunt, whale meat became a popular lucky charm for ordinary people and was eaten at sekki.
Japanese: 江戸時代には捕鯨の隆盛と共に庶民の縁起物として広く節気などに食されるようになった。
English: Kanreki (the celebration of a person's 60th birthday), Kiju (77th birthday), Sanju (80th birthday), Hanju (81st birthday), Beiju (88th birthday), Sotsuju (90th birthday), Hakuju (99th birthday), Hyakuju (100th birthday), Chaju (108th birthday), Dai Kanreki (120th birthday) and Tenju (250th birthday).
Japanese: -還暦（60歳）、喜寿（77歳）、傘寿（80歳）、半寿（81歳）、米寿（88歳）、卒寿（90歳）、白寿（99歳）、百寿（100歳）、茶寿（108歳）、大還暦（120歳）、天寿（250歳）
English: The sunrise belief (sun belief), represented by an act of watching hatsu hinode (first sunrise of New year) or watching a sunrise from the top of Mt. Fuji, is said to be peculiar to Japan, while there are a lot of practices of admiring the setting sun all over the world.
Japanese: -初日の出や富士山の山頂から望む行為に代表され、世界的には夕日を愛でる習慣が多い中、日本独特ともいわれる朝日信仰（太陽信仰）である。
English: This sunrise belief is expressed in the facts that expressions such as 'Hi Izuru Kuni' (Land of the Rising Sun) and 'Hinomoto' (place where the sun rises) are praises, and that 'Appare' (splendid) and 'early rising' are something to be respected.
Japanese: 「日出ずる国（ひいずるくに）」や「日本（ひのもと）」が美称であることや「天晴れ（あっぱれ）」または「早起き」が美徳であることからもその思いが窺える。
English: There are expressions such as Kodakara (the treasure that is children) and doji (child), embodiment of fertility, family prosperity and part of Rinne Tensho (all things being in flux through the endless circle of birth, death, and rebirth, the circle of transmigration); for example, 'red chanchanko' (red padded sleeveless kimono jacket, red Japanese vest) worn at the celebration of Kanreki.
Japanese: -子宝や童子などの表現や子孫繁栄や輪廻転生の一環としての具現化や例としては還暦に着る「赤いちゃんちゃんこ」などがある。
English: Judging from expressions such as Okina, the realization of longevity and ancientry is highly valued in folk beliefs.
Japanese: -翁などの表現から長寿の具現化や古いことが民間信仰において尊ばれている。
English: It is associated with the expression 'Buji Kaeru' (coming safely back home), and an ornament of a frog is thought to be more effective than a live frog.
Japanese: -「無事帰る」と言う言葉に掛けて、ただし生きているカエルより置物などとしてその効果が期待される。
English: Blue, red, white and black ingredients of chirashi zushi are said to represent these gods of directions or four seasons.
Japanese: -ちらし寿司の青、赤、白、黒を表す四色の具材は、これらの方位の神または四季を表現しているといわれる。
English: On top of those, a yellow ingredient representing Oryu is sometimes added to chirashi zushi and the five colors represent the universe.
Japanese: またこれに黄龍を表す黄色の具材を加える場合もあり、五色で宇宙全体を表現する。
English: Baleen called Kujira Bekko Zaiku, which is made into accessories such as 'Hanaosa.'
Japanese: -鯨べっこう細工と呼ばれ「花おさ」などの装飾品として加工された鯨ひげの事。
English: Whales' bones and teeth called Kujira Zaiku, which are made into accessories such as 'netsuke' (miniature carving attached to the end of a cord hanging from a pouch) and 'koto' (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings)
Japanese: -鯨細工と呼ばれ「根付」や「琴」などの装飾品に加工されたクジラの骨・歯の事。
English: In Japan, a fishing rod and a fishhook (and a bow and an arrow as well) were traditionally called 'Sachi' (chase) based on their usage in hunting, because 'sa,' an old name for an arrow, meant an arrow or a fishhook and 'chi' meant a charisma.
Japanese: 日本においては釣竿と釣針（弓矢も同様）は古くは狩りとしての使用から「サチ（幸）」といい「サ」は箭（矢）の古い読みで矢や釣り針を意味し、「チ」は霊威を示した。
English: He and Umisachihiko are the central characters of the story which showed that 'Sachi' meant 'fishing rods, hooks, bows and arrows,' and which resulted in expressions such as 'Yama no Sachi' and 'Umi no Sachi' meaning the prey of hunting or fishing respectively.
Japanese: 「幸（さち）」が「弓矢・釣竿と釣針」を示したり、狩りの獲物や漁の獲物を指す「山の幸・海の幸」を表す謂れとなる物語の海幸彦と並ぶ主人公である。
English: It originates from matsuriya and matsuriyumi, for in the Edo period common people enjoyed, as superstition, aiming at targets with a bow and arrows and were given prizes and prize money according to the position and type of targets on an approach to the temple where a fair or festival was held and at stands and yomise (night stall) in temple grounds and Monzen-machi.
Japanese: -祭り矢・祭り弓を起源とし、江戸時代には市や縁日が立つ参道や境内、門前町で出店や夜店として、弓矢を使い的に当て、的の位置や種類により、商品や賞金が振舞われ、庶民はこれを縁起担ぎとして楽しんだ。
English: They were used to purify evils at tsuina no shiki (ceremony of driving out evil spirits) conducted in the Imperial Court on New Year's Eve, and made from reed stalk and peach tree.
Japanese: 大晦日に朝廷で行われた追儺（ついな）の式で、鬼を祓う為に使われた弓矢の事で、それぞれ葦（アシ）の茎と桃の木で出来ていた。
English: Later they became shinsaigu (equipment used in rituals) which were dedicated in koyagumi (roof truss or framework) at the time of Jotoshiki (the roof-laying ceremony) as an amulet against Devils, just like heigoshi used to pray for safety of the family, and these days, along with hamaya and hamayumi, they are known as lucky charm against evils offered in shrines.
Japanese: 後に、家内安全を祈願する幣串と同じように、家の鬼を祓う魔除けとして上棟式に小屋組に奉納される神祭具の事で、近年では破魔矢・破魔弓ともに神社などの厄除けの縁起物として知られる。
English: When a baby boy was born, mugwort arrows were shot in four directions of the house with a mulberry bow in order to purify evils in future.
Japanese: -それぞれ、蓬の矢（よもぎのや）・桑の弓（くわのゆみ）とも言い、男の子が生まれた時に前途の厄を払うため、家の四方に向かって桑の弓で蓬の矢を射た。
English: It is called meigen (resounding bowstrings), an act of stringing a bow for purifying evil spirit, devil and disgrace.
Japanese: -鳴弦とも言い、弓(武器)の弦を引いて鳴らす事により悪霊や魔や穢れを祓う行為。
English: It is an idiom meaning disobedience, rebellion and defiance, but originally it meant meigen, an act of stringing a bow for purifying evil spirit, devil and disgrace.
Japanese: -反抗や謀反（むほん）や楯突くことであるが、本来は鳴弦のことで弓の弦を引いて鳴らす事により悪霊や魔や穢れを祓う行為。
English: Kishamitsumono' is a general term that refers to forms of traditional Japanese horseback archery:'Inu oumono' (dog hunt), 'Yabusame' (shooting at fixed targets), and 'Kasagake' (shooting at suspended targets at closer range).
Japanese: 騎射三物（きしゃみつもの）とは馬上の弓術、犬追物・笠懸・流鏑馬を総称して言ったもの。
English: The archery forms came into existence between the Heian and Kamakura periods and were originally used as a method for warriors on horseback to practice shooting the enemy.
Japanese: 元々は武者が騎乗から敵を射抜くための稽古法で、それぞれ平安時代〜鎌倉時代に成立する。
English: The three methods mentioned above of practicing archery on horseback are considered representative, and are designated by a general term "Kisha" (horseback archery) in Japanese.
Japanese: 『騎射』稽古で上記３つは代表的な稽古法であり、総称してこう呼ばれる。
English: In separate competitions, the rules and etiquette of each of the forms has been maintained through to present times.
Japanese: 近代までにそれぞれ独立した競技、儀礼的神事として作法や規則が整備された。
English: On a riding ground that extended 73 meters in each direction, three groups made up of 12 horsemen in each group (a total of 36 riders) and two other riders acting as referees and two other riders acting as marshals chased after and competed to shoot 150 released dogs.
Japanese: 40間（約73m）四方の馬場に、1組12騎として3組、計36騎の騎手、検分者（審判）を2騎、喚次役（呼び出し）を2騎用意し、犬150匹を離しその犬を追いかけ何匹射たかを競う。
English: Typically, archers shoot at targets varying in height, size and placement (somewhat left or right) and, typically from a galloping horse.
Japanese: 的の配置に左右、高低、大小と変化を付けた的を馬を疾走させつつ射抜く。
English: Three targets are positioned on the left hand side of the archer on horseback who proceeds down a 218 meter long straight track.
Japanese: 距離2町（約218m）の直線馬場に、騎手の進行方向左手に３つの的を用意する。
English: Kasagake' (笠懸) is a traditional Japanese form of horseback archery technique/practice/event/form where the archer mounted on a galloping steed shoots 'Kaburaya' arrows (arrows that whistle) at targets.
Japanese: 笠懸（かさがけ）とは、疾走するウマ上から的に鏑矢（かぶらや）を放ち的を射る、日本の伝統的な騎射の技術・稽古・儀式・様式のこと。
English: Because Kasagake targets are more diverse, Kasagake is more difficult; however, it is less formalized than Yabusame and more entertaining.
Japanese: そのため技術的な難易度が高いが、格式としては流鏑馬より略式となり、余興的意味合いが強い。
English: It is said that the town called Kasagake in Nittagun, Gunma Prefecture takes its name as a result of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo once playing Kasagake.
Japanese: 群馬県新田郡笠懸（かさかけ）町（現みどり市）の名は、源頼朝がこの地で笠懸を行ったことに由来するという。
English: The origins of Kasagake style horseback archery are unclear; however, first appear in Sadaie TAIRA's work of 1057 entitled "Asomi (rank) Sadaie's Diary."
Japanese: 笠懸の起源は明確ではないが、文献上の初出は平定家の『定家朝臣記』（天喜5年（1057年））である。
English: Initially, entertaining and playful Kasagake targets were made from conical shaped reed caps ('Ayaigasa') which were plastered with an adobe like render ('Azuchi').
Japanese: 初期の頃はあずち（あずち）にかけた笠（あやいがさ）を的に余興的・遊戯的に行われていた。
English: However, the back of the target was a 55 cm diameter piece of timber or alternatively, a wooden board with cowhide stretched across it which was padded inside with cotton, wool, or straw, etc. (much like a cushion) which was suspended from a timber frame.
Japanese: しかし、後に直径一尺八寸（約55cm）の木枠・若しくは木板に牛革を張り、中に綿・毛・藁等を入れてクッション状にしたものを的とし、木枠に張り吊るした。
English: This form of practice had a degree of realism akin to archery on the battlefield or hunting and, it was possible to check if the arrow had hit its mark on the target etc.
Japanese: 戦場での騎射や狩り等の、より実戦的で確実に標的に中てる為の稽古とした。
English: Also, as a form of entertainment, wagers were made on the skills of the horseback archery competitors which led to the 'Kasakake' form developing separately and independently from the more formalized and somewhat awkward 'Yabusame' form of horseback archery.
Japanese: また余興、騎射の腕を競う勝負事として、儀礼的な側面が強く敷居の高い流鏑馬とは別に独自の発展を遂げた。
English: Along with 'Yabusame' and 'Inu oumono' forms of horseback archery around that time, they occurred under the collective title of 'three horseback archery forms' at various locations.
Japanese: この頃には犬追物・流鏑馬と並んで「騎射三物」と称され各地で行われた。
English: In the mid Edo period, a revival of horseback archery was seen under Yoshimune TOKUGAWA; however, following the Meiji restoration, it once again fell into decline.
Japanese: 江戸時代中期、徳川吉宗により復興を見るが、明治維新以降は再び衰退する。
English: Kasagake can still be seen at the Kasagake horseback archery event held at Kamigamo-jinja Shrine, the Miura City Dosun-matsuri Festival and Midori City Kasagake events.
Japanese: 上賀茂神社の笠懸神事、三浦市の道寸祭り、みどり市笠懸などで見る事が出来る。
English: *Please note: the following paragraphs (variety/style of riding grounds, costumes) differ slightly depending on the region/style and are noted for reference only.
Japanese: ＊以降、馬場・装束、種類・様式項は流派や地域により多少の差異（的の大きさなど）が見られるため、参考程度として記す。
English: The riding grounds for Kasagake archery form a 109 m long straight line (or 51 lengths of an unstrung bow).
Japanese: 笠懸の馬場は直線で、長さは1町（約109m）＝五十一杖（一杖は弦を掛けない弓の長さ）である。
English: The target is set up 33 bow lengths (approx. 71 M) away from the starting point of the riding ground on the left hand side of the direction traveled.
Japanese: 馬場本（馬場のスタート地点）から三十三杖（約71m）の地点、進行方向左手側に的を設置する。
English: Riding custume consisted of a 'Hitatare' (court robe) and 'Mukabaki' (chaps/leggings), but sleeves were not tied up and an arm guard (bracer) was not used (but is used in the present day).
Japanese: 装束は直垂などに行縢を着けるが、袖はくくらず、射籠手も着けない（現在では着用している）。
English: The target secured at three points and hung from a timber frame is set between 11.35m - 22.7m away from the track.
Japanese: これを「疏」から5杖から10杖（約11.35m-22.7m）離れたところに立てた木枠に紐で3点留めし張り吊るす。
English: The arrows used are called 'Ohikime' which have a large turnip-shaped arrow head which whistles when shot, and are fired after the archer brings his steed to a gallop.
Japanese: 矢は大蟇目と呼ばれる大きめの蟇目鏑を付けた矢を用い、馬を疾走させながら射当てる。
English: The target is an approximately 4 to 8 sun (1 sun – 3.03 cm) (approximately 12 -24 cm) square wooden board, which is attached to bamboo poles and is set up at the place approximately 2.3 cm away from the 'rachi' (a fence).
Japanese: 的は一辺が四寸から八寸程度（約12cm-24cm）四方の木製板を竹棹に挟み、「埒」から1杖前後（約2.3m）離れた所に立てる。
English: and 4 sun in each direction or, 5 sun in each direction but the basic small target is 8 sun across so, size is by no means uniform.
Japanese: では四寸四方、では五寸四方、（小笠原流）では八寸四方と、大きさは一様ではない。
English: and 4 sun in each direction or, 5 sun in each direction but the basic small target is 8 sun across so, size is by no means uniform.
Japanese: （約12cm-24cm）四方の木製板を竹棹に挟み、「埒」から1杖前後（約2.3m）離れた所に立てる。
English: Because the target was set close to ground level, short-range Kasagake archery differs from long-range Kasagake archery in that in short-range Kasagake archery, the archer sees the target below leg level.
Japanese: 地上から低くして置かれるため、遠笠懸と違い騎手からは足下に的が見える。
English: In the 2001 NHK serialized TV drama "Tokimune HOJO," there was a scene depicting a Kasakake competition between brothers Tokimune and Tokisuke.
Japanese: 2001年の日本放送協会大河ドラマ『北条時宗(NHK大河ドラマ)』では時宗・時輔兄弟が笠懸で競う場面が描かれた。
English: After the ten archers had completed the Kasagake archery event, the winners were determined by the number of targets hit by the archers drawn together in the ballot.
Japanese: 十騎が笠懸を終えた後、相籤となった射手同士で射中てた数から勝敗を決める。
English: Since it was incused on money such as koban (former Japanese oval gold coin) after Muromachi period, it became widely recognized by the nation as the Monsho representing Japanese government.
Japanese: 室町時代以降、小判などの貨幣に刻印されたため、日本国政府を表す紋章として国民に広く認知されることとなった。
English: The basic design consists of three erect inflorescences and three leaves.
Japanese: 3本の直立する花序と3枚の葉から構成されているものが基本的図案である。
English: It was originally the family crest exclusively for the Imperial family as well as Kiku-mon (crest of Chrysanthemum), but it later turned to be used by non-Imperial family as well.
Japanese: もともとは菊紋とともに皇室専用の家紋であったが、後に皇室以外でも使用されるようになった。
English: The design with three, five and three flowers in respective inflorescences is general and called Gosannokiri (also referred as Gosangiri).
Japanese: 花序につく花の数が3-5-3の五三桐（ごさんのきり・ごさんぎり）が一般的である。
English: The one with five, seven and five flowers is called Goshichinokiri (also referred as Goshichigiri).
Japanese: 花序につく花の数が5-7-5となっているものは五七桐（ごしちのきり・ごしちぎり）という。
English: Since they were used by a wide range of people including common people, samurai (warriors), and daimyo (feudal lords), they are recognized as typical family crests.
Japanese: 庶民から侍は大名まで使用層は広かったため標準的な紋として認識されていることがある。
English: The restriction of using some Kikuka-monsho (the Imperial Crest of the Chrysanthemum) was specified in the edict of Dajokan (Grand Council of state) in 1869.
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）に太政官布告にて一部菊花紋章の使用規定が明記された。
English: However as it was announced in an official gazette in 1884 that they didn't limit the use of Kiri-mon, people could use them without any restrictions.
Japanese: しかし桐紋に関しては明治17年（1884年）に官報で特に定めないことを公示されたため自由に使用できた。
English: In politics, Goshichinokiri was used heavily as Fuku-mon (alternative family crests) for the Imperial Family and Imperial Court.
Japanese: 政治上においては、天皇家・朝廷の副紋として五七桐が多用されていることがある。
English: Therefore people used not only the standard designs but its variants such as Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who used Taikogiri (Kiri-mon with a design of flowers and leaves of paulownia).
Japanese: そのため標準的な図案だけではなく、豊臣秀吉のようにその変種（太閤桐）を使用した例もある。
English: Since it was incused on money such as koban during Toyotomi period and Edo period and circulated across the country, it was well-established as the Monsho representing Japanese government.
Japanese: 豊臣時代および江戸時代には、小判などの貨幣に刻印されたため、全国に流通したことにより政府を表す紋章としての地位を確立した。
English: One theory held in Japan that it had been used for embroidery and shaped resist dyeing on Emperors' clothes, and thought to be a family crest with the highest social status after 'Kikuka-monsho' since the time of Emperor Saga.
Japanese: 日本でも、一説には嵯峨天皇の頃から、天皇の衣類の刺繍や染め抜きに用いられるなど、「菊花紋章」に次ぐ格式のある紋とされた。
English: Also after the Middle Ages, it was the family crest that samurai families desired, and Takauji ASHIKAGA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and so on, received it from the Emperors.
Japanese: また中世以降は、武家が望んだ家紋とされ、足利尊氏や豊臣秀吉などもこれを天皇から賜っている。
English: Therefore the awareness that Goshichinokiri was 'the family crest for people who hold the reins of government' became established.
Japanese: このため五七桐は「政権担当者の紋章」という認識が定着することになった。
English: However, some people declined the use of paulownia for their family crests such as Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who was assigned to the seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians").
Japanese: ただし、征夷大将軍に任命された徳川家康のように、これを断り、家の紋章として桐を使用しなかったものもいる。
English: In 1872, the Meiji Government designated taireifuku (court dress, full-dress uniform), and ruled that imperial appointees had to have 'Goshichinokiri' on their taireifuku jackets.
Japanese: 1872年には、当時の明治政府が大礼服を定め、勅任官は、その上着に「五七桐」を用いることとされた。
English: It is the conventional Monsho for Japanese Government (prime minister, cabinet [Japan]), and is treated in the same manner as the national emblem.
Japanese: 日本国政府（内閣総理大臣・内閣(日本)）の慣例的な紋章となっており、日本の国章に準じた扱いを受ける。
English: It is used for the design of Orders of the Rising Sun, the decoration of documentations such as visas and passports since it is regarded as the same as 'Kikuka-monsho' which represents the Japanese Emperor and the Imperial family, supplies in the official residence of the prime minister, and the plate mounted on the podium for the prime minister.
Japanese: 旭日章の意匠に取り入れられたり、日本の天皇と皇室を表す紋章である「菊花紋章」に準じるものとして、査証やパスポートなどの書類の装飾に使われたり、総理大臣官邸の備品や、総理の演台に取付けられるプレートに使われている。
English: In the end of Muromachi period, there appeared founding technicians of tea kettles and, in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, there were well-known master craftsmen such as Donin NISHIMURA and Yojiro TSUJI.
Japanese: 室町時代末期に専門工が出現し、安土桃山時代には西村道仁、辻与次郎等が名工として知られる。
English: Dashi-maki Tamago is a kind of an omelet (a Japanese style omelet) and a dish of fried beaten eggs mixed with dashi broth soup.
Japanese: だし巻き卵（だしまきたまご）は、卵焼きの一種で、溶き卵にだし汁を混ぜて焼き固める料理である。
English: How to make Dashi-maki Tamago: Mix egg yolk and white (beat egg yolk lightly with egg white), add dashi broth soup, and fry in an oily pan.
Japanese: 作り方は卵は黄身・白身を混ぜ（黄身は割りほぐして白身とよく混ぜ合わせる）、それにダシを加え、油を敷いたフライパンなどを使って焼く。
English: Other types of pans are also available, such as a fluororesin-coated pan with a corrugated bottom that enables you to roll up the egg more easily.
Japanese: また、より簡単に巻ける底が波形になったフッ素樹脂加工された鍋なども市販されている。
English: Differences from Dashi-maki Tamago are not always clear, however, Atsuyaki Tamago is sweeter adding sugar than Dashi-maki Tamago only adding mirin (sweet cooking rice wine).
Japanese: だし巻き卵との違いは必ずしも明確ではないが、1つには厚焼き卵は砂糖で甘味を強めに付けるのに対し、だし巻き卵はみりんのみで甘さを抑えるということがある。
English: At present the competition rules provided by All Nippon Kyudo Federation (hereinafter referred to as the competition rules) specify the official types of mato and the installation procedures.
Japanese: 的の種類・設置法は、現在は正式に全日本弓道連盟の競技規則（以下競技規則と略称する）によって取り決められている。
English: The types of mato and their installation procedures somewhat slightly varied depending on schools, regions, and dojo (halls for martial art training) in the past, and there were more types of mato than at present.
Japanese: 以前は流派・地域・道場によって少々差があり、的も現在より多くの種類があった。
English: A mato used in kinteki (regular close-range shooting) competitions consists of a 'matowaku,' which is a circular frame made by fixing a wooden strip, and a matogami (paper target face) attached on one side of the matowaku.
Japanese: 近的競技で用いる的は、木製の細長い板を丸めてとめ、輪状にした「的枠」の一方に的紙を貼り付けたものである。
English: A wooden matowaku can easily have a warp and damage, and players have a difficulty in pulling out an arrow which gets stuck in a seam, where both the ends of a wooden strip are fixed; besides, it sometimes hurts the arrows.
Japanese: 木製的枠は狂いや損傷が生じやすく、また板の両端を二重に重ねて綴じた部分（綴じ目）に矢が挟まり抜くのに苦労するし、矢が損傷することもある。
English: The material of matogami is mainly paper, as its name represents, but vinyl ones have been developed recently and they have rapidly become popular especially in school kyudo because of some advantages such as durability.
Japanese: 的紙の材質は名の通り紙のものが主流であるが、近年ビニール製のものが開発され、破けにくいなどの利点から学校弓道を中心に急速に普及している。
English: A typical mato used in enteki (long-distance shooting) competitions is a circular tatami (straw mat) settled on a platform with a matogami attached on it.
Japanese: 遠的競技で用いる的は、主に台の上に設置した円形の畳に的紙を貼り付けたものを使用する。
English: In kinteki, a mato should be placed against an azuchi (target bank) which is 28 meters away from the shai (the position at where a player shoots an arrow, and it should be at the center of the body) at a 5-degree angle backward, and its center should be 27 centimeters above the ground (it has to be level with the archery ground).
Japanese: 近的の場合、的は射位（射手が矢を射る位置・体の正中）から28メートル離れた安土上に、中心が（射場の床と水平な）地上27センチメートルで後方に5度(角度)傾けて設置する。
English: The mato is settled on the azuchi supported by a kogushi (also known as gogushi), a stick in a sasumata (weapon with a U-shaped metal prong attached to the end of a wooden stick) shape.
Japanese: 侯串（こうぐし・ごうぐし）と呼ばれる、さすまた状の串を支えとして安土に固定する。