nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In 1103, Emperor Shirakawa's son, Emperor Horikawa had a baby that was going to be Prince (later called Emperor Toba).
Japanese: 康和5年（1103年）、白河天皇の息子堀河天皇に皇子（後の鳥羽天皇）が生まれる。
English: This son was appointed as Crown Prince soon after he was born, after that Toshifusa lost his position and had lived in despair since then.
Japanese: この皇子が生後間もなく東宮とされ、俊房は失脚、その後は失意の生涯を送った。
English: Imperial Princess Kenshi died this year, as if she was waiting for Emperor Toba to be born, she had no time left to see her husband being reduced to poverty.
Japanese: 娟子内親王は鳥羽天皇と入れ替わるようにこの年死去、夫の零落を見ることはなかった。
English: Mumongensen (March 30, 1323 - April 16, 1390) was the priest of the Rinzai sect during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
Japanese: 無文元選（むもんげんせん、元亨3年2月15日(旧暦)（1323年3月22日）-明徳元年/元中7年3月22日(旧暦)（1390年5月7日））は、南北朝時代(日本)の臨済宗の僧。
English: He entered into the priesthood at Kennin-ji Temple in 1340, in the following year his father, Emperor Godaigo died and he studied under Myoso Sokan and Sesson Yubai.
Japanese: 父後醍醐天皇がなくなった翌年の1340年に建仁寺で出家し、明窓宗鑑・雪村友梅などに師事した。
English: In 1343 he decided to go to Yuan (dynasty) in China, and he practiced Zen with Muingenkai at Hakata Shofuku-ji Temple.
Japanese: 1343年中国の元(王朝)に渡ることを志し、博多聖福寺の無隠元晦（むいんげんかい）に参禅した。
English: After he came back to Japan, he visited many places for edification, and he built places like the Hoko-ji Temple in Totomi Province (Hamamatsu City).
Japanese: 日本に帰国した後は、教化のため各地を巡国し、遠江国方広寺(浜松市)などを開創している。
English: Cloistered Imperial Prince Saiun (1104 - March 10, 1162) was a monk of the Tendai sect of Buddhism in the middle of the Heian period.
Japanese: 最雲法親王（さいうんほっしんのう、長治元年（1104年）-応保2年2月16日(旧暦)（1162年3月3日）は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: He went up to Mt. Hiei to become a priest and receive the commandments of Buddhism with having Ningo, who was the head priest of the Tendai sect, as his teacher, and then he learned the Exoteric Buddhism and the Esoteric Buddhism from Ninjitsu, who was a sojo (a high-ranking Buddhist priest).
Japanese: 比叡山に上り、天台座主仁豪に師事して出家・受戒し、仁実僧正から顕教・密教を学んだ。
English: In 1156, he assumed the position of zasu (the head priest) of Enryaku-ji Temple, and then he was assigned to a sojo and he became Cloistered Imperial Prince by the Emperor's official announcement in 1158.
Japanese: 1156年（保元元年）延暦寺座主に就任し、1158年（保元3年）には僧正に任じられ、親王宣下を受けて法親王となった。
English: Sonkan (1349 - November 19, 1400) was a priest of the Ji sect during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
Japanese: 尊観（そんかん、貞和5年/正平(日本)4年（1349年）-応永7年10月24日(旧暦)（1400年11月10日））は、南北朝時代(日本)の時宗の僧。
English: 1377: He became chief priest of Yamagata Komyo-ji Temple in Dewa Province.
Japanese: 1377年（永和(日本)3年・天授(日本)3年）出羽国山形光明寺住職。
English: Imperial Prince Tadafusa (1285? - around August, 1347) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 忠房親王（ただふさしんのう、弘安8年（1285年）?-貞和3年（1347年）7月(旧暦)）は鎌倉時代の皇族。
English: Although Tadafusa's grandfather, Iwakuranomiya Prince Tadanari (the fifth prince of Emperor Juntoku), was regarded as the most likely candidate for succession to the Imperial Throne after the death of Emperor Shijo, he was defeated in the race to decide the next heir due to obstruction by the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and was instead granted the reigning name of Iwakuranomiya.
Japanese: 祖父の岩倉宮忠成王（順徳天皇第五皇子）は、四条天皇崩御後に皇位継承の最有力者と目されながらも鎌倉幕府によって阻止されて、岩倉宮の宮号を賜る。
English: Like Tadafusa's father Hikohito, the Imperial Prince used the family name of Minamoto until he was given the title of Imperial Prince, so he was also called MINAMOTO no Tadafusa.
Japanese: 親王は父彦仁がそうであるように親王宣下を受けるまでは源姓を名乗っており、源忠房とも。
English: He had a prince, MINAMOTO no Hikoyoshi, but another theory suggests that Prince Yotsutsujinomiya Songa and his son, MINAMOTO no Yoshinari, were actually the princes of Imperial Prince Tadafusa.
Japanese: 王子には源彦善がいるが、四辻宮尊雅王及びその子源善成が実は忠房親王の王子であるとの説も存在する。
English: Subsequently, he was given the title of Imperial Prince and in the latest issue on deciding the successor of the Imperial Throne in the Heisei period, this has been valued as a precedent by the group supporting the resurrection of the former Imperial Family, as it meant a commoner had entered the Imperial Family.
Japanese: その後親王宣下を受けるが、これが昨今の皇位継承問題(平成)において臣籍に産まれた人物が皇籍についた事が旧皇族復帰を推す勢力に先例として重要視されている。
English: The word Yushi (猶子, the adopted child) means to treat like an Imperial Prince and it is believed to have been put into practice in the Imperial Family for the first time when "Shokugensho" (a book on Japanese government officials) asserted that Imperial Prince Tadafusa was the Yushi of Goudain (the Retired Emperor Gouda).
Japanese: 尚、猶子とは皇子に準じた扱いとする事だが、皇室について用いた始まりは『職原鈔』に忠房親王が後宇多院の猶子となす旨記された事に始まるという。
English: MINAMOTO no Hikohito was a member of the Imperial Family in the Kamakura period (His birth year is unknown and his date of death was May 12, 1298).
Japanese: 源彦仁（みなもとのひこひと、生年不詳-永仁6年（1298年）3月23日(旧暦)）は鎌倉時代の皇族。
English: Hikohito had a brother Prince Hikotoyo. Hikohito and his wife (the daughter of Yoshizane NIJO) had some children: Imperial Prince Tadafusa, Cloistered Imperial Prince Shochin and Imperial Princess Moriko.
Japanese: 兄弟に彦豊王、二条良実の娘との間に忠房親王を儲けた他、承鎮法親王・守子内親王がいる。
English: Masukagami (The Clear Mirror) says that Hikohito committed adultery with Imperial Princess Soshi (the first princess of Emperor Gosaga), and that Soshi (called Gekkamonin) also had a relationship with Motoaki SONO (the son of Motouji SONO), who was Tono Chujo (the first secretary's captain).
Japanese: 増鏡で彦仁は後嵯峨天皇第一皇女綜子内親王と密かに通じていたというが、月花門院は園基氏の子、頭中将園基顕とも関係を持っていたとされる。
English: Prince Iwakuranomiya Tadanari (1221 - April 23, 1279) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 岩倉宮忠成王（いわくらのみやただなりおう、承久3年（1221年）-弘安2年3月11日(旧暦)（1279年4月23日））は鎌倉時代の皇族。
English: Cloistered Imperial Prince Sonkaku, Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect) and Cloistered Imperial Prince Kakue, Chori (chief priest) of Onjo-ji Temple were his uterine brothers, and Emperor Chukyo and Imperial Prince Yoshimune were half brothers by the same father.
Japanese: 同母の兄弟に天台座主尊覚法親王・園城寺長吏覚恵法親王、異母兄弟に仲恭天皇・善統親王がいる。
English: Because Emperor Shijo had died on February 10, 1242 at the age of only 12, a crown prince hadn't yet been selected, so the choice of a successor took considerable time.
Japanese: 仁治3年（1242年）1月9日(旧暦)四条天皇崩御の際、天皇は僅か12歳での崩御であった為皇太子が定まっておらず後継者選定に時間がかかった。
English: Prince Tadanari was one candidate for the successor to the throne, and Emperor Gosaga, a prince of Emperor Tsuchimikado, was another.
Japanese: 王は皇嗣候補の1人として名が挙がり、一方の候補は土御門天皇皇子の後嵯峨天皇であった。
English: Prince Tadanari, supported by his relative, Michiie KUJO, and Prince Kunihito (Emperor Gosaga) supported by Sadamichi TSUCHIMIKADO, made separate approaches to the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 忠成王には縁戚の九条道家がつき、邦仁王には土御門定通がつき夫々幕府に働き掛けた。
English: Disapproving of Prince Tadanari's enthronement because he was the prince of Emperor Juntoku, Yasutoki HOJO, the shogunal regent of the Kamakura bakufu, while insinuating military intervention at times, recommended as the successor, Prince Kunihito, the grandchild of Emperor Gotoba, claiming it was the divine will of Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine.
Japanese: 鎌倉幕府執権の北条泰時は順徳天皇の皇子である忠成王の即位に難色を示し、一時は軍事介入を仄めかしながら、鶴岡八幡宮の神意であるとして同じく後鳥羽天皇の孫にあたる邦仁王を推した。
English: After the coming-of-age ceremony in April 9, 1249, the Prince Tadanari was called Iwakuranomiya.
Japanese: 王はこの後宝治3年（1249年）2月25日(旧暦)に元服し、岩倉宮と呼ばれるようになる。
English: Imperial Prince Kuninobu FUSHIMINOMIYA (Mayl 3, 1566 - January 6, 1622) was a prince of imperial blood who lived from the Sengoku (warring states) period into the early Edo period.
Japanese: 伏見宮邦房親王（ふしみのみやくにのぶしんのう、永禄9年4月4日(旧暦)（1566年4月23日）-元和(日本)7年11月25日(旧暦)（1622年1月6日））は、戦国時代(日本)から江戸時代初期の皇族。
English: Imperial Prince Kazurawara (December 1, 786 - July 17, 853), a member of the Imperial Family in the Heian period, was the founder of the Taira clan.
Japanese: 葛原親王（かずらわらしんのう、延暦5年11月7日(旧暦)（786年）-仁寿3年6月4日(旧暦)（853年7月17日））は、平安時代の皇族で、平氏の祖。
English: Known since childhood as a person of genius, Imperial Prince Kazurawara, who was also a founder of the Taira clan, celebrated his coming of age along with Prince Otomo (later Emperor Junna), a half-brother by the same father, in 789.
Japanese: 平氏の祖で、幼少から俊秀として知られており、798年（延暦17年）、異母兄弟の大伴皇子（後の淳和天皇）と共に元服。
English: With the appointment as Minister of Jibu-sho (the Ministry of Civil Administration) in 803, he assumed successive posts as Minister of Okura-sho (Ministry of the Treasury), Danjoin (President of the Board of Censors), Minister of Shikibu-sho (the Ministry of Ceremonial), etc.
Japanese: 803年（延暦22年）治部省に叙任され、以降大蔵省、弾正尹、式部省などを歴任した。
English: Appointed as Minister of Shikibu-sho in 810, he kept the post for 33 years until appointed as Dazai no sochi (Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices (local government office in Kyushu region)) in 850, except for the period between 823 and 830.
Japanese: 特に式部省については、810年（弘仁元年）に任じられ、途中823年（同14年）から830年（天長7年）を除いて、850年（嘉祥3年）に大宰帥に任じられるまでの33年間にわたってその職にあった。
English: An article in "The Montoku Jitsuroku" (official national history book), in which the death of the Imperial Prince is described, asserts that he actually directed the Shikibu-sho as a chief officer, describing '久在式部 諳職務 凡在旧典 莫不達練 挙朝重之.'
Japanese: 親王の薨去を記した『文徳実録』の記事でも「久在式部諳職務凡在旧典莫不達練挙朝重之」と記して親王が式部省の長官として実際に省を統率していたことを記している。
English: In 825, he made a request to the Emperor to have his sons and daughters adopt the family name Taira, and was approved.
Japanese: この間に825年（天長2年）王子女に平（たいら）の姓を称することを上奏して許された。
English: Furthermore, in 835 he received 'Umaaino kyukanchi 500 cho' (500 hectares of unused land in Umaaino), which had been the ground to raise horses and cattle in the Koma district of Kai Province (now Minami-Alps City, formerly Shirane-cho and Hatta-mura of Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture).
Japanese: 835年（承和(日本)2年）、甲斐国巨麻郡の牧であった「馬相野空閑地五百町」（旧山梨県中巨摩郡八田村・白根町、現南アルプス市）を与えられている。
English: A ceremony in which the emperor gives a sword for protection to a child born to the Imperial Family or Miyake to protect the child in prayer for healthy growth.
Japanese: 天皇家及び宮家に子供が生まれた際に、天皇から子供の健やかな成長を願い子を守る目的の守り刀を授かる儀式。
English: A short sword in a plain wood sheath is wrapped in a red cloth and put in a paulownia box, which is passed to an imperial envoy who received an order from the emperor in the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 短刀は白木の鞘で赤い布に包まれ桐箱に入れられ、宮中で天皇の意思を受けた使者（勅使）に託される。
English: A ceremony whereby Japanese paper with the name of the child written in calligraphy on it and Japanese paper with an 'oshirushi' (symbol) printed on items the child will use are put in a paulownia box and placed next to the child's pillow on the seventh day from the birth of the child.
Japanese: 子が生まれ7日目に子の名を筆で記した和紙と、子が身の回りで使う物に記す「お印」を記した和紙を一緒に桐の箱に入れ子の枕元に供える儀式。
English: Kashikodokoro Koreiden Shinden ni essuru no gi
Japanese: 賢所皇霊殿神殿に謁するの儀（かしこどころこうれいでんしんでんにえっするのぎ）
English: A ceremony in which the child visits the Three Shrines in the Imperial Court including Kashikodokoro, Koreiden, and Shinden for the first time on the fiftieth day from the child's birthday.
Japanese: 誕生後50日目に賢所、皇霊殿、神殿の宮中三殿を、子が初めて参拝する儀式。
English: A ceremony of preparing rice porridge with adzuki beans on a tray with new bowls and chopsticks (hashi) and feeding the child with the porridge on the hundredth to the hundred-twentieth day from the birthday in prayer for healthy growth.
Japanese: 誕生後100～120日目に子の健やかな成長を願い、新しい椀や箸などの膳に小豆の御粥を用意し、それを子に食べさせる儀式。
English: Senyomonin (November 20, 1181 - July 22, 1252) was nyoin (a close female relative of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing) of the Imperial Family, who lived toward the end of the Heian period.
Japanese: 宣陽門院（せんようもんいん、養和元年10月5日(旧暦)（1181年11月13日）-建長4年6月8日(旧暦)（1252年7月15日））は、平安時代後期の皇族、女院。
English: She was given the title of Imperial Princess in 1189, and the title of ingo (a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing) at age 11 in 1191.
Japanese: 1189年に内親王の宣下を受け、1191年には11歳で院号宣下を受けた。
English: The territory was temporarily seized by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) during the Jokyu War, but later returned and handed over to Emperor Gofukakusa in 1251.
Japanese: 承久の乱の折、幕府に没収された時期もあったが、後に返還され、1251年後深草天皇に譲与された。
English: Meimei no gi is a ceremony for naming an imperial member on the seventh day (oshichiya) from his/her birthday.
Japanese: 命名の儀（めいめいのぎ）とは生後7日（御七夜）を迎えた皇族に命名する儀式である。
English: When an imperial member is born, the father of the imperial member, Imperial Household Archives, and scholar of the Chinese classics discuss and determine the name to be given (and the title if the child is a direct descendant).
Japanese: 皇族が誕生すると、当該皇族の父と宮内庁書陵部と漢学者が相談して、命名すべき名前（嫡流の場合称号も）を決める。
English: The determined name is written on Otaka washi (big size fine crepe paper) in black ink, the parents check it, and then an official of the Imperial Household Agency puts it into a paulownia box.
Japanese: 決定した名前は大高和紙に墨書され、両親が確認したのちにそれを宮務官が桐の箱に入れる。
English: Imperial Prince Yotsutsujinomiya Yoshimune (1233 - May 18, 1317) was a member of the Imperial Family during the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 四辻宮善統親王（よつつじのみやよしむねしんのう、貞永2年（1233年）-文保元年3月29日(旧暦)（1317年5月10日））は鎌倉時代の日本の皇族。
English: Imperial Prince Sanehito (March 20, 1071 - December 3, 1085) was a member of the Imperial Family during the Heian period.
Japanese: 実仁親王（さねひとしんのう、延久3年2月10日(旧暦)（1071年3月14日）-応徳2年11月8日(旧暦)（1085年11月27日））は、平安時代の皇族。
English: His father Emperor Gosanjo expected that a son born to him and MINAMOTO no Kishi (Motoko), who was not a maternal relative of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, would be the promising imperial heir rather than his eldest son Imperial Prince Sadahito (who would later become Emperor Shirakawa), who was a descendant from a branch of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan.
Japanese: 父・後三条天皇は、傍流とはいえ藤原北家の血を引く長男の貞仁親王（白河天皇）よりも同家と外戚関係を有しない源基子との子供に皇位継承候補者として期待をかけた。
English: During the enthronement of Emperor Shirakawa in 1072, Imperial Prince Sanehito was addressed the younger brother of Emperor Shirakawa who was heir apparent, only at age two.
Japanese: そこで延久4年（1072年）に白河天皇即位の際に実仁親王はわずか2歳で皇太弟として立てられた。
English: In the following year when the Retired Emperor Gosanjo became seriously ill soon after Imperial Prince Sukehito was born, he repeatedly confirmed his will that Imperial Prince Sukehito would be the younger brother of Emperor Sanehito who was heir apparent after the enthronement of Emperor Sanehito.
Japanese: 更に翌年の輔仁親王誕生直後に太上天皇となっていた後三条が重態に陥ると、重ねて実仁親王が即位した後には、輔仁親王を皇太弟とするよう遺言した。
English: Chakko (ceremony of first-time wearing of a hakama) in 1075, the ceremony of dokushohajime (ceremony of first-time learning) in 1078, and the ceremony of attaining manhood in 1081 were held.
Japanese: 承保2年（1075年）に着袴、承暦2年（1078年）に読書始の儀式、永保2年（1081年）に元服の儀式が行われている。
English: However, as he won his grandmother Yomeimonin's favor, he became known as 'the virtuous man' and as a promising person.
Japanese: しかし、祖母である陽明門院の寵愛を得ていたことから、世間からも「いと清らかなる男」称されて、将来を期待されていた。
English: Nevertheless, Imperial Prince Sanehito suddenly died of smallpox in 1085 at an early age of 15.
Japanese: しかし、応徳2年に実仁親王は疱瘡により倒れてわずか15歳の若さで急死してしまう。
English: In the following year, Emperor Shirakawa disregarded his father's will, making his biological son Imperial Prince Taruhito (who later became Emperor Horikawa) an Imperial Prince; the same day, he abdicated the throne in favor of Imperial Prince Taruhito accordingly and Emperor Horikawa ascended to the throne, thus initiating the government by the Retired Emperor Shirakawa.
Japanese: 白河天皇は翌年には父の遺言を無視して実子である善仁親王を皇太子に立ててその日のうちに皇太子への譲位を宣言して堀河天皇を即位させて院政を開始する事になった。
English: Imperial Prince Akinari (998 - May 23, 1035) was a member of the Imperial Family in the Heian period.
Japanese: 昭登親王（あきなりしんのう、長徳4年（998年）-長元8年4月14日(旧暦)（1035年5月23日））は、平安時代の皇族。
English: Given such complicated circumstances, in which his father Emperor Kazan had Imperial Prince Kiyohito with Hirako's birth mother (namely, the grandmother of Prince Akinari), he and Prince Kiyohito were reared as children of their grandfather, the retired Emperor Reizei.
Japanese: 更に父・花山法皇が平子の実母（つまり昭登の祖母）と通じて清仁親王を儲けるなど余りにも複雑な事情があったために、清仁親王ともども祖父冷泉上皇の子として育てられた。
English: Thus, the two imperial princes became the talk of town, calling Imperial Prince Kiyohito, the 'Oyabara no Miko' (Imperial Prince born from the grandmother) and Imperial Prince Akinari, the 'Musume bara no Miko' (Imperial Prince born from the daughter).
Japanese: このため世間では清仁親王を「親腹御子」、昭登親王を「女腹御子」と呼んで話題にしたという。
English: He was given the title of Imperial Prince on May 25, 1004, along with Imperial Prince Kiyohito.
Japanese: 寛弘元年5月4日(旧暦)（1004年）には清仁親王とともに親王宣下を受ける。
English: It is told that FUJIWARA no Michinaga, a Sadaijin (minister of the left) who gained supremacy in the administration, had a negative stance about giving the title to Akinari and Kiyohito due to their complicated background, but reluctantly followed Emperor Kazan's wish.
Japanese: 当時政権の座にあった左大臣藤原道長は、複雑な背景を有する昭登らへの宣下に消極的であったものの花山法皇の意向を受けてやむなく従ったという。
English: On September 23, 1011, he celebrated his coming of age by appointing FUJIWARA no Sanesue as the kakan no yaku (the role of placing a crown on the head of the boy when he becomes an adult) and became the Shihon Imperial Prince (fourth-ranked Imperial Prince) in line with the enthronement of Emperor Sanjo.
Japanese: 寛弘8年8月23日(旧暦)（1011年）、藤原実資の加冠によって元服して、同年9月10日(旧暦)に三条天皇の即位に合わせて四品親王となる。
English: "Shoyuki" (the diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke) recorded that Imperial Prince Akinari's residence burned down in a fire on March 30, 1025.
Japanese: 実資の日記『小右記』には、万寿2年2月28日(旧暦)（1027年）に親王邸が火事で焼失した事が記録されている。
English: Imperial Prince Kose (c. 799 - September 24, 882) was a member of the Imperial Family during the early Heian period.
Japanese: 巨勢親王（こせしんのう、延暦18年（799年）？-元慶6年8月5日_(旧暦)（882年9月20日））は、平安時代前期の皇族。
English: When Imperial Prince Kose's father entered into the priesthood and elder brother Imperial Prince Takaoka disinherited the imperial prince after the Kusuko Incident, he was so young that he was not brought to justice.
Japanese: 薬子の変で父が出家して兄・高岳親王が廃太子された際には、まだ幼少であったらしく処罰を受けていない。
English: In the following year, the Imperial Prince was given 4,000 bunches of rice from both Omi and Iga Provinces, from his uncle Emperor Saga.
Japanese: 翌年には親王のために近江国・伊賀国両国から各4,000束のイネが叔父である嵯峨天皇から贈られている。
English: However, he remained in adverse circumstances after his father and uncle died; it is said that he died as the Imperial Prince without court rank in the era of Emperor Yozei, the great-great-grandson of Emperor Saga.
Japanese: しかし、父や叔父の死後は不遇のままであり、嵯峨天皇の玄孫（孫の孫）である陽成天皇の時代に無品親王のままで死去したと言われている。
English: The Shoten-shoku is a section in charge of Court rituals of the Japanese Imperial Household.
Japanese: 掌典職（しょうてんしょく）は、日本の皇室において宮中祭祀を担当する部門である。
English: It used to be a government organization before the war, and at that time, its position was an external bureau of the Imperial Household Ministry.
Japanese: 戦前、国家機関であった当時は、宮内省の外局として国家機関の位置付けであった。
English: When the 'Kunai-sho Kansei' (Imperial Household Ministry Organization) (Article 3 of Koshitsu-rei; the Imperial Families' Act, in 1907) was established, it was under the control of Shikibu-shoku of Imperial Household Agency as 'tenshiki.'
Japanese: 「宮内省官制」（明治40年皇室令第3号）制定当時は、「典式」として宮内庁式部職の所掌とされた。
English: The Shoten-bu was placed under the Shikibu-shoku, and it was decided that this section should consist of a position called shoten-cho (the chief ritualist), a position called shoten-jicho (the vice-chief ritualist), shoten (regular ritualists), nai-shoten (female regular ritualists), and shoten-ho (assistant staff).
Japanese: 式部職に掌典部が置かれ、掌典長、掌典次長、掌典、内掌典及び掌典補を置くことが定められた。
English: The 'shoten-cho' should be an official personally or directly appointed by the Emperor, and his duties are to serve for Court rituals, to manage tasks of the department and the staff, and to supervise all members in the department.
Japanese: 「掌典長」は親任官又は勅任官とされ、皇室祭祀に奉仕し、掌典部・掌典職の事務を掌理し、所部職員を監督する。
English: The 'shoten-jicho' should be an official directly appointed by the Emperor, and his duties are to support the shoten-cho and to take over his responsibility when he is not available.
Japanese: 「掌典次長」は勅任官とされ、掌典長をたすけ、掌典長に事故があるときはその職務を代理する。
English: Shoten' staff consists of 12 members who are officials appointed with the Emperor's approval (such officials were called soninkan, and the position of soninkan was sometimes given as an honorary post), and they take partial charge of Court rituals.
Japanese: 「掌典」は12人を定員とされ、奏任官（名誉職とすることもできた。）とし、祭事を分掌する。
English: Nai-shoten' and 'shoten-ho' are officials at the position called hanninkan (a junior official), and one of nai-shoten members is given a position of soninkan.
Japanese: 「内掌典」及び「掌典補」は判任官とし、「内掌典」のうち1人は奏任官とできた。
English: In accordance with the 'Shoten-shoku Kansei' (the regulations for the organization of the shoten-shoku), which was announced in the Imperial Household Order No. 4 of 1939, the Ministry of Imperial Household established a department called Shoten-shoku, and they also decided to place the positions in this department as follows: the shoten-cho, the shoten-jicho, shoten, nai-shoten, shoten-ho, administrative officials, and minor officials.
Japanese: 「掌典職官制」（昭和14年皇室令第4号）により、宮内省に掌典職が置かれ、掌典職には、掌典長、掌典次長、掌典、内掌典、掌典補、事務官及び属を置くことが定められた。
English: The duties of the shoten-cho, the shoten-jicho, shoten, nai-shoten, and shoten-ho were respectively the same as the ones which had been decided when the previous organization had been established.
Japanese: 掌典長、掌典次長、掌典、内掌典及び掌典補は、宮内省式部職掌典部時代と同様の職掌である。
English: Administrative officials, who were at the position of soninkan, were responsible for general affairs in this department, and they were supported by minor officials, who were at the position of hanninkan.
Japanese: 「事務官」は奏任官として掌典職の庶務を掌り、「属」は判任官として掌典職の庶務に従事していた。
English: The Shoten-shoku as a governmental organization was abolished due to the abolishment of the Ministry of Imperial Household (this Ministry was demoted to the Imperial Household Office) in accordance with the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan on May 3, 1947.
Japanese: 1947年（昭和22年）5月3日の日本国憲法施行に伴う同省の廃止（宮内府への移行）により、掌典職も国家機関としては廃止された。
English: Nowadays, the staff is regarded as the "staff of the Imperial Court" which is categorized as the private staff of the emperor, not as "staff of the Imperial Household Agency (national service personnel).
Japanese: 現在は、天皇の私的使用人としての性格を有する『内廷の職員』とされ宮内庁職員（国家公務員）ではない。
English: They have personnel whose titles are the same as the ones in the Shoten-shoku, the Ministry of Imperial Household, such as the shoten-cho who works as a general manager, the shoten-jicho, shoten, nai-shoten, shoten-ho, and so on.
Japanese: 責任者の掌典長をはじめ掌典次長、掌典、内掌典、掌典補等、宮内省掌典職時代と同職名の職員が置かれている。
English: They have served as a 'chokushi' (imperial messenger) at festivals at Ise-jingu Shrine and chokusai-sha (shrines attended by an Imperial envoy) since 1975.
Japanese: 1975年以後伊勢神宮や勅祭社における祭典では、天皇の使者である「勅使」をつとめる。
English: Prince Ichishino (733 - December 10, 805) was a member of the Imperial Family between the late Nara period and the early Heian period.
Japanese: 壱志濃王（いちしのおう、天平5年（733年）-延暦24年11月12日_(旧暦)（805年12月6日））は、奈良時代後期・平安時代初期の皇族。
English: After the Emperor Konin's enthronement, the Imperial Court counted on Prince Ichishino; he was almost always appointed as the emissary for the important court rituals.
Japanese: 光仁天皇即位後の朝廷で重きを成し、朝廷の重大な祭祀の使者には必ずと言っていいほど任じられた。
English: It is said that his cousin Emperor Kanmu was a boon companion and he was appointed as the emissary for Kamo-jinja Shrine and Ise-jingu Shrine in the transfer of national capital to the city of Heian-kyo.
Japanese: 従兄弟にあたる桓武天皇とは酒飲み仲間であったと伝えられ、平安京遷都の際に賀茂大神と伊勢神宮への使者にも任じられている。
English: In 798, he was awarded the rank of Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and was appointed Dainagon (a chief councilor of state) danjoin (President of the Board of Censors); he died while in the post.
Japanese: 延暦17年（798年）、正三位大納言弾正尹に任じられ、在任中に死去。
English: Court rituals are performed in order for an emperor to pray for peace, security, and prosperity of the nation and people.
Japanese: 宮中祭祀（きゅうちゅうさいし）は天皇が国家と国民の安寧と繁栄を祈ることを目的におこなう祭祀。