nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: February 1, 1919: He submitted 'Matsu to Enoki' (Pine Tree and Hackberry), 'Yuki no Tsugi no Hi' (A Day After the Snow), 'A Group of Pine Trees,' 'Jigazo', 'Matsu to Ie' (Pines and House), 'Oshima Fukei' (Landscape of Oshima), 'Bo Koshaku tei Enbo' (A Distant View of a Certain Marquis's House) and 'Yoyogi no Ichibu' (A Part of Yoyogi) to the 5th Nihon Bijutsuin shisaku exhibition and received the prize Bijutsuin Sho Otsu Sho.
Japanese: 1919年2月1日―第5回日本美術院試作展覧会に「松と榎」「雪の次の日」「松の郡」「自画像」「松と家」「大島風景」「某侯爵邸遠望」「代々木の一部」を出品し、美術院賞乙賞受賞
English: February 20, 1919: He died suddenly of tuberculous pneumonia caused by influenza (Spanish flu) and was given the kaimyo (posthumous Buddhist name) 清光院浄譽槐多居士 (Seikoin Joyo Kaita Koji).
Japanese: 1919年2月20日―流行性感冒（スペイン風邪）による結核性肺炎で急死、戒名は「清光院浄譽槐多居士」
English: 1921: 'Kaita no Utaeru Sonogo' (Thus Sings Kaita Continued' and 'Kaita Gashu' (Collection of Kaita's Paintings) (ARS publishing company) were published.
Japanese: 1921年―「槐多の歌へる其の後」と「槐多画集」（アルス社）が出版される
English: On the whole, although his works are not highly skilled, they are characterized by his flamboyant brushwork with the heavy use of primary colors.
Japanese: 全体として、決して技巧的ではないものの、原色を多用した、けばけばしいとさえいえる筆致を特徴とする。
English: As a motif, he liked female images as in "Girl in the Garden", "Roses and a Girl" and "Lake and Woman" and landscapes as in "Shu no Fukei" (Red Scenery), "Shinshu Fukei" (Landscape in Shinshu) and "A Group of Pine Trees."
Japanese: 『庭園の少女』『バラと少女』『湖水と女』などの女性像や、『朱の風景』『信州風景』『松の群』などの風景をモチーフとして好んだ。
English: Also, his painting "Ibari suru Raso" (Nude Monk Urinating) which shows a naked Buddhist monk urinating on a takuhatsu (a small bowl used for begging, common to Buddhist monks in Japan) depicted in red as the main color brings an air of strange passion to the viewer, and is known as the best work that reflects Kaita MURAYAMA himself.
Japanese: その他、托鉢に放尿する裸の僧侶を赤を主調として描いた『尿する裸僧』は、見る者に異様な情熱を感じさせる、もっとも村山槐多らしい作品として知られている。
English: However, his life as a painter lasted for only under five years, so the actual number of his works is small.
Japanese: とはいえ、実質的に画家として活動した期間が約5年足らずであるため絶対的な作品数は少ない。
English: Therefore, his existing works are set at a high price, and when Murayama's work was evaluated on "Kaiun! Nandemo Kanteidan" (a Japanese TV program which does antiques appraisal) (TV Tokyo Corporation), it was priced at 30 million yen (in addition, it was said on the program that its estimated value was merely the 'starting price for an auction' and 'it could in fact be worth more than a hundred million yen.')
Japanese: その関係から、現在残されている作品にはかなりの高値が付いており、過去に『開運!なんでも鑑定団』（テレビ東京）に村山の作品が登場した際には3,000万円の評価額が付けられたこともある（しかもこれは「オークションでのスタート金額」としての評価であり、番組では「実際には億単位になる可能性もある」とのコメントも残された）。
English: A collection of his poems called "Kaita no Utaeru" was edited and published by his friends after Kaita Murayama's death.
Japanese: 詩集『槐多の歌へる』は村山槐多の死後、友人たちによって編集、出版された。
English: Like his paintings, the poems contained in it are not skillful but are filled with youthful passion and frankness.
Japanese: 収録された作品は、絵と同様、技巧的というよりも若々しい情熱と率直さに満ちたものである。
English: Although his poems had a big influence on Shinpei KUSANO as a poet, they are not estimated as highly as his paintings.
Japanese: 草野心平の詩人としての成り立ちに大きな影響を与えているが、一般的には、その絵画と比べると一段低く評価されている。
English: Chikkyo ONO (November 20, 1889-May 10, 1979) was a Japanese-style painter who lived in the Taisho and Showa period.
Japanese: 小野竹喬（おのちっきょう、1889年（明治22年）11月20日-1979年（昭和54年）5月10日）は、大正・昭和期の日本画家。
English: In 1909, he studied at Kyoto-shiritsu Kaiga Senmon Gakko (Kyoto City Specialist School of Painting [present Kyoto City University of Arts]).
Japanese: 1909年（明治42年）京都市立絵画専門学校（現在の京都市立芸術大学）に学ぶ。
English: With his contemporaries at the school, Kagaku MURAKAMI and Bakusen TSUCHIDA, he established Kokuga Sosaku Kyokai (National Creative Painting Association) in 1918.
Japanese: 同校の同期生であった村上華岳、土田麦僊とともに1918年（大正7年）国画創作協会を結成する。
English: In 1947, he became a professor at Kyoto-shiritsu Bijutsu Senmon Gakko (Kyoto City Specialist School of Arts) and continued to teach there even after the school had been reorganized into Kyoto City University of Arts.
Japanese: 1947年（昭和22年）には京都市美術専門学校教授に就任し、京都市立芸術大学と改組した後も教鞭を執った。
English: While Kagaku and Bakusen had died at the age of around 50, Chikkyo remained as a leading figure in the Japanese art world in the post war period and was awarded Bunka Kunsho (Order of Culture) in 1976.
Japanese: 50歳前後で没した華岳、麦僊に対し、竹喬は戦後も日本画壇の重鎮として活躍し、1976年（昭和51年）には文化勲章を受章している。
English: Kenshi OKUNOMIYA (December 27, 1857 - January 24, 1911) was a social movement activist in Japan, who played an active part during Jiyu Minken Undo (the Freedom and People's Rights Movement).
Japanese: 奥宮健之（おくのみやけんし、1857年12月27日（安政4年11月12日(旧暦)）-1911年（明治44年）1月24日）は、自由民権運動で活躍した日本の社会運動家。
English: Around 1881 - 1882, he entered the Mitsubishi Zaibatsu (financial clique) but resigned from it to join the Jiyuto (Liberal Party) when the party was formed.
Japanese: 明治14、15年頃、三菱財閥に入ったが、自由党(日本)自由党(明治)が結党されると会社をやめ入党した。
English: In 1882, in order to confront the Omeikai, he joined BABA, Masami OISHI, and Gendo NISHIMURA to organize the Kokuyukai.
Japanese: 1882年（明治15年）、嚶鳴会に対決するものとして、馬場、大石正己、西村玄道らと国友会を結成した。
English: Since Kenshi was banned from making a public speech within Tokyo Prefecture because of the speech he had made at the Asakusa Imura-ro hall, he obtained a lecturer's license to appear at a vaudeville hall under the stage name "Senseido Kakumei" and advocated freedom and people's rights through his oral storytelling, but he was punished along with the host of the vaudeville hall and was sentenced to brief imprisonment, one month in jail, for violating the Public Assembly Law.
Japanese: 浅草井村楼での演説のために東京府下の演説が禁じられたので、講釈師の鑑札を受けて芸名「先醒堂覚明」で席亭に出、講談に託して自由民権を説いたが、席亭主人とともに罰せられ、健之は集会条例違反で軽禁錮1ヶ月に処せられた。
English: Focusing on rickshaw men who lost their jobs after the Tokyo Horse Tramway was laid, he persuaded Tsuna TAKEUCHI's rickshaw chauffeur and leader of rickshaw men, Kamekichi MIURA, to use his power for his campaign, and by distributing leaflets saying that participants could enjoy as much sake as they wanted, he gathered many rickshaw men at a get-together party held within the precincts of the Kanda-Myojin Shrine on October 4, 1882.
Japanese: 東京馬車鉄道の敷設で失業した車夫に着目し、竹内綱の抱えの三浦亀吉という親分を説得、周旋させ、集まった者にはいくらでも酒を飲ませるというビラをまき、1882年（明治15年）10月4日、神田明神境内で人力車夫大懇親会を開いたのである。
English: In 1883 he was released, and, on the way to Kagoshima Prefecture when he stopped by Nagoya City, he got involved in the Nagoya Incident.
Japanese: 1883年（明治16年）、出獄し、鹿児島県におもむく途中、名古屋市に立ち寄った際に、名古屋事件に係わった。
English: In Aichi Prefecture, some Liberal Party members had been incited by Taisuke ITAGAKI's speeches and Toru HOSHI's canvasses and were running around madly with a plot to overthrow the government.
Japanese: 愛知県内の一部自由党員は板垣退助の演説、星亨の遊説などにもあおられ、政府転覆の陰謀に狂奔していた。
English: It was August 1884 when he committed a robbery at a millionaire's home to obtain the war funds.
Japanese: 軍資金を得るべく富豪強奪の凶行に出たのは1884年（明治17年）8月であった。
English: His attempt failed, however, and clashed with policemen on his way back, slashing a few of them.
Japanese: しかし目的を達することはできず、帰途、警官と衝突、その幾人かを斬った。
English: In October, while Kenshi was away for a Liberal Party convention in Osaka, his comrades cut their way into the Okusa-mura village office in broad daylight and robbed the office of national tax money.
Japanese: 10月、健之が自由党大会のために大阪に行っている間に、同志が白昼、大草村役場に斬り込み、国税を強奪した。
English: The comrades were arrested one after another, and Kenshi was moving from place to place eluding the authorities, but he was caught in Tokyo in January 1885 and was sent to Nagoya.
Japanese: 一味はつぎつぎに検挙され、健之は官憲の目を逃れつつ、各地を転々としていたが、1885年（明治18年）1月、東京で縛され、名古屋に護送された。
English: In the court decision made in May 1887, the case was judged not as a political offense by the group but as a murder-robbery case, and a few of the members received a death sentence while Kenshi was sentenced to life imprisonment.
Japanese: 1887年（明治20年）5月、判決が言い渡されたが、一味の国事犯としての扱いはなされず、強盗殺人事件として死刑数名、健之は無期徒刑であった。
English: He was transferred from the Kosuge Prison (located at the site of the present Tokyo Detention House) to the Miyagi Prison, and then to the Kabato Prison in Hokkaido in the fall of 1889.
Japanese: 小菅集治監（現在の東京拘置所に所在）、宮城刑務所と転々として、1889年（明治22年）秋、北海道の樺戸集治監に移された。
English: Prior to that, ITAGAKI, Kenkichi KATAOKA, Yuzo HAYASHI and others, deploring their exclusion from the amnesty granted upon promulgation of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, had been heading a campaign to receive amnesty as political offenders, and when ITAGAKI took a position as Minister of Home Affairs in the second ITO cabinet in July 1896, Kenshi and his comrades were finally released.
Japanese: これにさきだって板垣、片岡健吉、林有造らは、自分たちが大日本帝国憲法発布の寛典にもれたことを遺憾とし、国事犯に準じて特赦復権に浴したいと運動していたが、板垣が第2次伊藤内閣内務大臣(日本)の地位についたのでついに1896年（明治29年）7月、同志らとともに釈放された。
English: He was sentenced to death for his involvement in the Shusui KOTOKU Incident and executed on January 24, 1911.
Japanese: 幸徳秋水事件で死刑判決の言い渡しを受け、1911年（明治44年）1月24日、刑死。
English: Yumeji TAKEHISA (September 16, 1884 to September 1, 1934) was a Japanese painter and poet.
Japanese: 竹久夢二（たけひさゆめじ、明治17年（1884年）9月16日-昭和9年（1934年）9月1日）は、日本の画家・詩人。
English: In particular, his poem 'Yoimachi-gusa' was set to a melody, became a popular song and was sung nationwide.
Japanese: なかでも詩「宵待草」には曲が付けられて大衆歌として受け、全国的な愛唱曲となった。
English: Moreover, he designed a lot of book covers, advertising items, daily goods and yukata (an informal cotton kimono for summer), and he was one of the pioneers of modern graphic design.
Japanese: また、多くの書籍の装幀、広告宣伝物、日用雑貨のほか、浴衣などのデザインも手がけており、日本の近代グラフィックデザインの草分けのひとりとも言える。
English: Most of his works called 'Yumeji shiki bijin', which show his unique sense of beauty, were painted on hanging scrolls and folding screens using Japanese painting techniques, but some images of women and landscapes were painted on canvas using oil painting techniques.
Japanese: 彼自身の独特な美意識による「夢二式美人画」と呼ばれる作品の多くは日本画の技法で描かれ（掛軸や屏風仕立てで遺る）、また洋画（キャンバスに油彩）技法による女性像や風景画も遺されている。
English: He experimented with various art styles, and although his works were valued as great art by later generations, in his own time his works only became popular among ordinary people because people often saw his works printed on book covers or in advertisements.
Japanese: 好んで様々な表現形式を試みたが、むしろそれらは後世になってから評価されたもので、当時の時点においては印刷された書籍の表紙や広告美術などが多くの目に触れ、大衆人気というかたちで脚光を浴びたのであった。
English: He once sought to join the Chuo art world but he was not accepted by them, so throughout his life, he did not belong to any group, but instead searched alone for what new art techniques could express.
Japanese: 一時は中央画壇への憧れもあったようだが受け入れられず、終生、野にあって新しい美術のあり方を模索した。
English: Around that time, various trends were being mixed in the art world, and in a sense, the art world was in the middle of an unstable phase of internal changes.
Japanese: 世の動きとして見た場合、当時の画壇ではさまざまな芸術思潮が交錯し、ある意味で胎動期の不定のさなかである。
English: Since consumer lifestyle had been expanded by the flowering of popular culture in the cities, there came the dawn of new times where designs started to be used as applied art, which is an area that Yumeji also focused on.
Japanese: 都市における大衆文化の開花による消費生活の拡大を背景とした、新しい応用美術としてのデザインというものの黎明の時代であり、夢二もこれに着目した。
English: In his later life, thanks to his ability as a designer, he seemed to have actively delineated the concept of commercial art (later referred to as graphic design), aiming for art which relates to life, or in other words, the belief that art should be integrated with industry.
Japanese: 生涯の後期にいたっては、彼の図案家としての才能の実績において、生活と結びついた美術を目指し、あるいは産業と融合すべきとの理念を持ち、むしろ積極的に、商業美術（のちにいわれるグラフィック・デザイン）の概念を描いていたようである。
English: This was exemplified by his vision for the Mt. Haruna Institute of Industrial Art and his ambition to visit advanced western countries.
Japanese: 榛名山産業美術研究所の構想や、先進欧米視察への野望が、このことを裏付けている。
English: He was born on September 16 as the second son of a family which had run a brewing business for generations in Honjo Village, Oku County, Okayama Prefecture (present day Honjo, Oku-cho, Setonai City, Okayama Prefecture).
Japanese: 9月16日岡山県邑久郡本庄村（現・岡山県瀬戸内市邑久町本庄）に代々酒造業を営む家に次男として生まれる。
English: However, since his older brother had died the year before, he was raised as the de facto first son.
Japanese: ただし、兄が前年に亡くなっていたため、事実上の長男として育てられる。
English: He moved to live at his uncle's house in Kobe, and went to Kobe Jinjo Chugakko (Kobe Ordinary Middle School) in Hyogo Prefecture (later day Kobe Ittchu [Kobe First Middle School], present day Hyogo Prefectural Kobe High School), but he dropped out in December because of a family matter.
Japanese: 神戸の叔父宅に寄宿、兵庫県神戸尋常中学校（後の神戸一中、現在の兵庫県立神戸高等学校）に入学するが、12月には家の都合で中退。
English: His family moved to Edamitsu, Yahata Village, Fukuoka Prefecture (present day Yahata-higashi Ward, Kitakyushu City) since his father closed their family business, a sake brewery, to work at the Yahata Iron Factory that was about to start operating.
Japanese: 父が家業の造り酒屋を畳み、操業間近な八幡製鉄所に職を求めたため、一家で福岡県八幡村（現・北九州市八幡東区）枝光に転居。
English: Through his friend, Kanson ARAHATA, his book of illustrations appeared in a newspaper called 'Chokugen' (Speak Frankly) published by Heiminsha.
Japanese: 友人であった荒畑寒村の紹介で平民社発行の「直言」に挿絵が掲載される。
English: After that, his illustrations, including his caricatures, appeared in other newspapers, "Hikari"(Light) and the daily "Heimin Shimbun" (People's Newspaper), and he also became acquainted with socialists.
Japanese: この後、「光」、日刊「平民新聞」に諷刺画などの絵を掲載し、社会主義者らとの親交も深めた。
English: In June of the same year, his illustration, 'Tsutsuizutsu' (curb of a well,) took first prize in the magazine 'Chugaku Sekai' (Middle School World), and he took his professional name, Yumeji, for the first time.
Japanese: 同年6月、「中学世界」に『筒井筒』が第一賞入選、このとき初めて夢二を名乗る。
English: In November, his collection of short songs with illustrations called 'Dontaku' (Festival) was published, including the present sangyoshi (tercet poem) version of "Yoimachi-gusa".
Japanese: 11月絵入り小唄集「どんたく」出版、その中の一節に『宵待草』を現在の三行詩で発表。
English: Fujin no Tomo Sha (Women's Friend Publisher) launched two magazines: 'Kodomo no Tomo' (Children's Friend) and 'Shin-Shojo' (New Girl), and he became the chief illustrator of those magazines.
Japanese: 婦人之友社より雑誌「子供之友｣｢新少女」創刊、絵画主任として挿絵を描き始める。
English: Tadasuke ONO, belonging to the Gagakubu (Music Department) of the Imperial Household Ministry, set "Yoimachi-gusa" to music and presented it at a concert at the Geijutsuza (Arts Theatre).
Japanese: 『宵待草』に宮内省雅楽部のバイオリニスト多忠亮が曲をつけ芸術座(劇団)音楽会にて発表。
English: He set up a household with Oyo (Yumeji named her Oyo, but her real name was Kayoko SASAKI) in Shibuya, but broke up with her 6 years later.
Japanese: お葉（夢二が名付ける・本名は佐々木カ子ヨ）と渋谷に所帯を持つ（6年後には離別）。
English: He built a house with his own studio called Shonen Sanso (Boy's Mountain Lodge)/Sankirai So (Smilax China Lodge), in Matsubara, Matsuzawa Village, Ebara County, Tokyo Prefecture (present day Matsubara, Setagaya Ward, Tokyo Prefecture).
Japanese: アトリエ兼自宅・少年山荘（山帰来荘）を東京府荏原郡松沢村松原（現・東京都世田谷区松原）に建設。
English: In April, he stayed at the Ikaho hot springs in Gunma Prefecture for one month, where he developed the idea for the Mt. Haruna Institute of Industrial Art.
Japanese: 4月、群馬・伊香保温泉に約1ヶ月滞在、「榛名山美術研究所」の構想を練る。
English: Before moving to the United States, he held a farewell exhibition at Shinjuku Mitsukoshi Department Store and other locations, and then left for the mainland of the U. S. via Honolulu.
Japanese: 渡米告別展を新宿三越他で開催の後、5月7日に横浜市を出航しホノルルを経由して渡米。
English: After staying in the U.S. for one year and three months, he held personal exhibitions in several locations on the West Coast, but they were not accepted by people there.
Japanese: 前年より米国に1年3ヶ月の滞在、西海岸各地にて個展を開くが受け入れられず不調。
English: During his one-year stay in Europe, he traveled to cities in Germany, Czechoslovakia, Austria, France and Switzerland, and he contributed a lot of sketches done there to magazines in Japan.
Japanese: 約1年の滞欧中、ドイツ・チェコ・オーストリア・フランス・スイスの諸都市を巡り、日本の雑誌に寄稿し、多くのスケッチ画を残す。
English: After a stay in Berlin, he took off from Naples for Japan on August 19 and arrived in Kobe City on September 18.
Japanese: ベルリンに滞在の後、8月19日ナポリを発ち9月18日、神戸市に帰国する。
English: On January 19, he was admitted into the Fujimi Kogen Sanatorium at the foot of Mt. Yatsugatake, by the arrangement of Masaki FUJOKYU who was the director of the sanatorium as well as Yumeji's writer friend.
Japanese: 1月19日、親しい文芸仲間でもあった正木不如丘院長の手配により、長野県八ケ岳山麓の富士見高原療養所に入院。
English: There have been many critical biographies about his romantic relationships, and the words of love he wrote in his own diaries and letters have been used in many creative works of later generations.
Japanese: 恋愛遍歴についても数々の評伝があり、自身の日記や手紙などで語られる愛の言葉は、後世の多くの創作の題材ともなっている。
English: Tamaki KISHI (July 28, 1882 to July 9, 1945; from Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture; real name was Tamaki) was the only woman who was officially registered as his wife.
Japanese: 岸たまき（1882年7月28日-1945年7月9日、石川県金沢市出身、本名は他万喜）は、戸籍上唯一妻となった女性である。
English: She opened a postcard store in Waseda Tsurumaki-cho to make a living by herself, which Yumeji kept visiting every day, and they ended up getting married after two months.
Japanese: 自立の為に早稲田鶴巻町に開店した絵葉書店「つるや」に、夢二が客として毎日店に通いつめた挙句、2ヵ月後には結婚にいたった。
English: When Yumeji had a relationship with Hikono in 1915, he became suspicious about the relationship between Tamaki and an art student, Seiji TOGO (Seiji), and thus he stabbed her in the arm at the beach of Toyama Prefecture, resulting in them breaking up forever.
Japanese: 夢二が彦乃を知った後の大正4年（1915年）、たまきと画学生東郷青児（青児）との仲を疑い、富山県の海岸で夢二がたまきの腕を刺すことによって破局を迎え絶縁にいたる。
English: Hikono KASAI (March 29, 1896 to January 16, 1920; born in Nishijima-mura, Minami-koma-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture [present day, Nishijima, Minobu-cho]; her real name was Hikono. She was also known as Shino YAMAJI).
Japanese: 笠井彦乃（1896年3月29日-1920年1月16日、山梨県南巨摩郡西島村（現・身延町西島）生まれ、本名はヒコノ。別名に山路しの）
English: She was a big fan of Yumeji, and thus visited his store 'Minatoya esoshi-ten' to learn about painting, resulting in their relationship.
Japanese: 夢二のファンであり、絵を習いたいと「港屋絵草子店」を訪問し、交際が始まる。
English: She was living with Yumeji after he broke up with Tamaki and moved to Kyoto, however in 1918, she became sick with tuberculosis at the Beppu hot springs when she was on her way to meet Yumeji who was travelling in Kyushu.
Japanese: たまきと別れ京都に移り住んだ夢二としばらく同棲するが、大正7年（1918年）九州旅行中の夢二を追う途中、別府温泉で結核を発病。
English: Her father took her back to Tokyo and blocked Yumeji from seeing her when Yumeji moved back to the Hongo Kikufuji Hotel to see her.
Japanese: 父の手によって東京に連れ戻され、夢二は本郷菊富士ホテルに移るが、面会を遮断される。
English: Yumeji seems to have loved her the most, and thus he could not get over her death for a long time.
Japanese: 夢二は笠井彦乃を最も愛していたようであり、その死後しばらくショックから立ち直れなかった。
English: Oyo (March 11, 1904 to October 24, 1980; from Akita; real name was Kaneyo NAGAI) was popular as a model at the Tokyo University of the Arts after she moved to Tokyo.
Japanese: お葉（1904年3月11日-1980年10月24日、秋田県出身、本名は永井カ子ヨ）は、上京後、東京藝術大学のモデル(職業)として人気があった。
English: After working for Takeji FUJISHIMA and Seiu ITO as a model, she worked for Yumeji as a model when he was staying for a long time at the Kikufuji Hotel, and then started living with him in a house in Shibuya Ward (present day, Shibuya BEAM, which has a stone monument).
Japanese: 藤島武二、伊藤晴雨らのモデルをつとめた後に、菊富士ホテルに逗留していた夢二のモデルとして通ううちに同棲、渋谷区（現在の渋谷ビーム、同地に石碑あり）に所帯をもつ。
English: In 1924, she moved to a house that Yumeji designed, called 'Shonen Sanso', in Setagaya Ward.
Japanese: 大正13年（1924年）、夢二が設計した世田谷「少年山荘」に一緒に移り住んだ。
English: Masatomo SUMITOMO (December 31, 1585 - 1652) was a merchant in the Edo period.
Japanese: 住友政友（すみともまさとも、天正13年11月11日(旧暦)（1585年12月31日）-慶安5年（1652年））は、江戸時代の商人。
English: The SUMITOMO family considers Masatomo who established the SUMITOMO merchants as the founder of the family, and Riemon SOGA who developed the copper-refining technique, Nanban-buki as the founder of the business.
Japanese: 住友では、商家・住友家を興したこの政友を家祖、南蛮吹きといわれる銅精練の技術を開発した蘇我理右衛門を業祖としている。
English: Kojiro Masatomo SUMITOMO, the family's founder, was born in Maruoka, Echizen Province, and became a Buddhist priest at the age of 12.
Japanese: 家祖である住友小次郎政友は、越前国丸岡で生まれ、12歳の時、僧籍に入った。
English: Masatomo's father was originally a vassal to Katsuie SHIBATA, but became a ronin (masterless samurai) following his lord Katsuie's death at Kitanosho-jo Castle in Echizen Province due to lost battle against Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: もともと政友の父は柴田勝家の家臣だったが、主君勝家が豊臣秀吉との戦いに敗れて、越前北ノ庄城で自刃したため、政友の父も浪人の身となった。
English: Masatomo then parted from his father who lived a secluded life, and went to Kyoto with his mother and older sister, where he became a Buddhist priest of a new sect called Nehanshu, recieving teachings from the founder Kugen Shonin.
Japanese: そして、隠栖した父と別れて母や姉共に当時涅槃宗という新宗派が京都で誕生、政友はその宗祖空源上人の教えを受けて入門得度した。
English: However, due to the Tokugawa shogunate's religious interference, the Nehanshu was oppressed, and Monjuin Kuzen (Buddhist name of Masatomo after entering the priesthood) was exiled to Sakura City in Chiba Prefecture.
Japanese: ところが徳川幕府の宗門干渉によって、涅槃宗は弾圧を受け、この法難のため文殊院空禅（政友の法名）は、千葉の佐倉市へ流された。
English: Several years later, Masatomo returned to Kyoto after the death of Kugen Shonin, only to find the sect was already extinguished by being absorbed into a group of the Tendaishu sect.
Japanese: そして数年が経過し、その間に上人が入寂したので、政友は京へ戻されたが、宗派はすでに天台宗の一派に組み入れられてしまって壊滅状態だった。
English: Finding it impossible to convert to the Tendaishu sect, Masatomo became a common citizen; he changed his name to 'Kakyu FUJIYA', and opened a shop of medicines and books called 'Fujiya' in Kyoto.
Japanese: 今さら天台宗に宗旨改えはできないと考えた政友は、寛永年間に「富士屋嘉休」と名を変え、京都で薬舗・書林の店「富士屋」を開業し一市井人に転身した。
English: However, he kept the spirit of priesthood, and warned his descendants to run the business honestly and carefully, avoiding chasing easy money or being careless.
Japanese: といっても有髪の僧のようなもので、子孫を戒めて、浮利を追わず、何事の粗略にせず、心をこめて慎重に商売をせよと言い残している。
English: Masatomo explained these principles of merchants in his book "Monjuin Shiigaki" (Warnings by Monjuin), whose teachings became the Sumitomo family's precepts and have been handed down to the present day as 'the Sumitomo Spirits.'
Japanese: 政友は、この商人の心得を説いた『文殊院旨意書（もんじゅいんしいがき）』を残し、その教えが住友の家訓となって現在も「住友精神」として受け継がれている。
English: In 1882, "Sumitomo Kaho" (Precepts of Sumitomo) consisting of 19 parts and 196 articles was established, and the third article of the first part, Family Precepts, says as follows.
Japanese: 明治15年に全編十九款一九六カ条から成る『住友家法』が制定されたが、第1款家憲の第3条に次ぎの条文が掲げられている。
English: "The business should be run securely, adjusted in accordance with the changing circumstances and financial state, and should never be run carelessly by chasing easy money."
Japanese: 『我営業ハ確実ヲ旨トシ、時勢ノ変遷、理財ノ得失ヲ計リテ之を興廃シ、苟クモ浮利ニ趨リ、軽進ス可ラザル事』
English: Yuki OGURA (March 1, 1895 - July 23, 2000) was a Japanese-style painter.
Japanese: 小倉遊亀（おぐらゆき、1895年3月1日-2000年7月23日）は、日本画家。
English: She received a prize in In-ten (the Japan Academy of Fine Arts Exhibition) in 1926, and became the first female member of 'Nihon bijutsuin' (the Japan Academy of Fine Arts) in 1932.
Japanese: 1926年に院展に入選し、1932年に女性として初めて日本美術院の同人となる。
English: Characterized by colorful portraits and still-life paintings, she is a leading Japanese female painter, along with Shoen UEMURA.
Japanese: 色彩に富む人物画や静物画が特徴で、上村松園とともに日本を代表する女流画家。
English: In 1913 she entered the Shiga Prefectural Ohtsu Girls' High School (present-day Shiga Prefectural Ohtsu High School), and in 1917 she graduated from Nara Women's Higher Normal School (present-day Nara Women's University).
Japanese: 1913年滋賀県立大津高等女学校（現・滋賀県立大津高等学校）入学、1917年、奈良女子高等師範学校（現・奈良女子大学）卒業。
English: In 1932 she became the first female member of 'Nihon bijutsuin' (the Japan Academy of Fine Arts), and in 1936 she married Tetsuki OGURA who studied under Tesshu YAMAOKA.
Japanese: 1932年、女性として初めて日本美術院同人となり、1936年に山岡鉄舟門下の小倉鉄樹と結婚。
English: In 1980 she was conferred the Order of Cultural Merit, being the second female painter thus honored after Shoen UEMURA.
Japanese: 1980年には上村松園についで女性画家として二人目の文化勲章を受章。
English: The curtains of the auditorium of Nara Women's University were designed based on her painting "Ranman" (literally, in full bloom), and likewise, the curtains of the gymnasium of Shiga Prefectural Ohtsu High School were designed based on her "Usushimo" (literally, thin frost).
Japanese: 奈良女子大学の講堂の緞帳は、小倉遊亀の「爛漫」、滋賀県立大津高等学校の体育館の緞帳は「うす霜」という原画によるものである。
English: Utamaro KITAGAWA (喜多川 歌麿) (the date of birth unknown, 1753 - October 31, 1806) was an ukiyo-e artist in the Edo period.
Japanese: 喜多川歌麿（きたがわうたまろ、宝暦3年（1753年）-文化(元号)3年9月20日(旧暦)（1806年10月31日）は江戸時代の浮世絵師である。