nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The sumo wrestlers used wooden clubs to attack the ronin, but the ronin drove them back killing and injurying many of the sumo wrestlers in the process.
Japanese: 力士たちは樫の棒で打ちかかってきたが、浪士たちはこれをい撃退し、力士に多数の死傷者が出た。
English: On the occasion of the August 18 Coup d'etat, the Mibu-Roshigumi was mobilized and renamed the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 八月十八日の政変に壬生浪士組は出動し、この機会に新選組の名を与えられた。
English: In late August, a burglar carrying a gun broke into a rice store at Shijo-Horikawa, and five members of the Shinsengumi (Nagakura, Saito, Hirayama and Yasohachi YAMANO) were sent after him.
Japanese: 8月下旬に四条堀川の米屋に鉄砲を持った強盗が押し入り、永倉、斎藤、平山、山野八十八ら5人が出動。
English: In September, when a geisha named Kotora did not obey Serizawa, he became angry and rampaged through the Yoshidaya geisha house.
Japanese: 9月に芹沢が思いのままにならない芸妓小寅に腹を立て遊郭の吉田屋に乗り込む騒ぎが起きた。
English: Nagakura, Saito, Hijikata and Hirayama who accompanied Serizawa, intimidated the master and insulted Kotora and Oshika, a geisha attending to Kotora, by cutting their hair.
Japanese: 永倉、斎藤、土方、平山が同行して主人を脅しつけ、小寅と付添の芸妓お鹿を断髪する辱めを与えた。
English: Around that time, the Aizu domain secretly ordered Kondo, Hijikata, Yamanami and others to punish Serizawa.
Japanese: その頃、会津藩から近藤、土方、山南らに芹沢の処理の密命が下っていた。
English: On September 16 (September 18, according to another account), Serizawa, Hirayama and Jusuke HIRAMA (Serizawa's disciple who held the office of assistant deputy leader) attended a party at Sumiya in Shimabara, and came back to the residence of the Yagi Family, where they quartered.
Japanese: 9月16日（18日説アリ）、嶋原の角屋で宴会をした芹沢、平山、平間重助（芹沢の門人で副長助勤）は夜中に屯所の八木家に帰った。
English: Hirayama fell asleep with Kichiei, a geisha who belonged to a geisha house named Kikyoya and had been a long-time intimate partner with Hirayama, in a ten-mat room located in the inner part of the residence.
Japanese: 平山は桔梗屋の芸妓吉栄とかねてから馴染で、奥の十畳間で吉栄と同衾して寝入った。
English: Serizawa tried to get up and escape, but he fell and was hacked to death.
Japanese: 芹沢は起き上がって逃れようとするが、倒れてめった斬りされて殺された。
English: In the room, after the assassins left, the Yagi family made the grizzly discovery of a bloody pool in which Hirayama's decapitated head and body lied.
Japanese: 刺客が立ち去り、八木家の人々が様子を見に行くと部屋は血の海で平山の首は胴から離れていた。
English: Officially, this execution was an act of the Choshu domain, but the assassins are said to have been Toshizo HIJIKATA, Keisuke YAMANAMI, Soji OKITA and Sanosuke HARADA.
Japanese: 表面的には長州藩の仕業として処理されたが、刺客は、土方歳三、山南敬助、沖田総司、原田左之助と言われている。
English: On July 9, 1589, he was born as the first son of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI at Yodo-jo Castle in Yamashiro Province.
Japanese: 天正17年（1589年）5月27日、豊臣秀吉の長男として山城国の淀城で誕生する。
English: As he was a child that Hideyoshi had in his later years after having lost his birth child, he was expected to be the heir, however, in February 1591 (intercalary year) he became sick, and although he recovered once, he died at Osaka-jo Castle on September 22, at the age of 3.
Japanese: 実子を失っていた秀吉の晩年の子であったため、後継者として期待されるが、天正19年（1591年）閏1月に発病し、一旦は快復したものの、8月5日に大坂城にてわずか3歳で病死した。
English: Hideyoshi's grief was so deep that he constructed the family temple 'Shoun-ji Temple' (Rinzai sect) at Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto.
Japanese: 秀吉の嘆きは大きく、京東山区に菩提寺「祥雲寺」（臨済宗）を建立した。
English: After the Toyotomi clan was destroyed, this temple was granted to the Buddhist monks of Negoro-ji Temple who were opposed to Hideyoshi, and was converted into Chishakuin Temple (Shingon sect)
Japanese: この寺は豊臣氏滅亡後、秀吉と対立していた根来寺の僧に与えられ、智積院（真言宗）となった。
English: Hideyoshi was pleased with the birth of Tsurumatsu, and he invited Tsurumatsu to Osaka-jio Castle to appoint him as his heir when he was only four months old.
Japanese: 秀吉は鶴松の出生に喜び、生後4ヶ月で鶴松を大坂城に入れて後継者に指名したという。
English: To recover the health of Tsurumatsu, it is said that Hideyoshi called up the medical doctors, who were supposed to be the best doctors at that time, including Gensaku MANASE, and even tried to invite western doctors including those from Portugal.
Japanese: 秀吉は鶴松の病気を快復させるため、曲直瀬玄朔ら天下の名医と呼ばれる医者を呼び集め、さらにポルトガルなど南蛮の医者まで呼び集めようとしたという。
English: Nisshu (born in 1534 and died on May 26, 1625) was a woman who lived from the Warring States period (in Japan) (the late Muromachi period) until the early Edo period.
Japanese: 日秀（にっしゅう、天文(元号)3年〔1534年〕-寛永2年4月20日(旧暦)〔1625年5月26日〕）は、戦国時代(日本)（室町時代後期）から江戸時代初期の女性である。
English: Nisshu married Yasuke MIWA, a farmer who called himself a relative of the Miwa Family in Yamato Province and renamed himself Yoshifusa MIWA later, and gave birth to Hidetsugu (1568), Hidekatsu (1569) and Hideyasu (1579).
Japanese: 大和国の三輪氏の一族と自称する農民の三輪弥介（後の三好吉房）に嫁ぎ、永禄11年（1568年）に秀次、永禄12年（1569年）に秀勝、天正7年（1579年）に秀保を産む。
English: In 1591, Hidetsugu and Hidekatsu were adopted by her younger brother Hideyoshi because Hideyoshi lost his eldest son, Tsurumatsu TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: 天正19年（1591年）、嫡子豊臣鶴松を亡くした弟の秀吉の元に秀次・秀勝を養子とする。
English: Hidetsugu took office as Chief Adviser to the Emperor, but committed suicide in 1595 under suspicion being cast on him of plotting a rebellion.
Japanese: 秀次は関白となるも文禄4年（1595年）に謀反の疑いをかけられ切腹した。
English: Nisshu became a nun and erected Zuiryuji Temple in Sagano, Kyoto (Omi-Hachiman City as it is known today). (Ama-monzeki--a temple whose head has always been a female born from the imperial family or from the nobility.) and later transferred to Murakumo and held a service for Hidetsugu, praying to Buddha for his happiness.
Japanese: 日秀は出家し、秀次の供養の為京都の嵯峨野（のちに村雲に移転）に瑞龍寺(近江八幡市)（尼門跡）を建立し、菩提を弔った。
English: Nisshu had Onda-hime (Oden-hime), her great-granddaughter and the fifth daughter of Nobushige SANADA, take refuge at her residence at the time of the downfall of the Hashiba Family resulting from the Summer Battle of Osaka in 1615.
Japanese: 日秀は慶長20年（1615年）の大坂夏の陣での羽柴氏滅亡の際には、曾孫に当たる真田信繁の五女・御田姫を自分の下に避難させている。
English: Empress FUJIWARA no Akiko (her given name can also be pronounced "Shoshi") (988 - October 25, 1074) was the chugu (a court title given to a consort of the Emperor) of the sixty-sixth Emperor, Ichijio, and the mother of the sixty-eighth Emperor, Goichijo, and the sixty-ninth Emperor, Gosuzaku (she also held the title Kokumo, meaning empress dowager, and Nyoin).
Japanese: 藤原彰子（ふじわらのあきこ（しょうし）、永延2年（988年）-承保元年10月3日(旧暦)（1074年10月25日）は、第66代一条天皇の皇后（号は中宮）で、第68代後一条天皇・第69代後朱雀天皇の生母（国母）、女院。
English: She had several literary ladies-in-waiting, including "The Tale of Genji" author, Murasaki Shikibu; the greatest poet of her time, Izumi Shikibu; the poet Akazome Emon (who is the possible author of "Eiga Monogatari"); and the poet Ise no Taifu.
Japanese: 女房に『源氏物語』の作者・紫式部、王朝有数の歌人・和泉式部、歌人で『栄花物語』正編の作者と伝えられる赤染衛門、同じく歌人の伊勢大輔などを従え、華麗な文芸サロンを形成した。
English: Shoshi was the eldest daughter of FUJIWARA no Michinaga and MINAMOTO no Rinshi (964-1053), the daughter of MINAMOTO no Masanobu, who held the office of Sadaijin (Minister of the Left).
Japanese: 藤原道長の長女に生まれ、母は左大臣源雅信の女源倫子（964-1053）。
English: Maternal siblings included Kanpaku Dajo Daijin (Regent and Chancellor of the Realm) FUJIWARA no Yorimichi (992-1074), Kanpaku Dajo Daijin FUJIWARA no Norimichi (996-1075), Emperor Sanjo's Chugu FUJIWARA no Kenshi (994-1027), Emperor Goichijo's Chugu FUJIWARA no Ishi (999-1036), and Emperor Gosuzaku's Empress FUJIWARA no Kishi (1007-1025).
Japanese: 同母の弟妹に、関白太政大臣藤原頼通（992-1074）・同藤原教通（996-1075）と、三条天皇中宮藤原妍子（994-1027）・後一条天皇中宮藤原威子（999-1036）・後朱雀天皇妃藤原嬉子（1007-1025）がいる。
English: Her paternal younger brothers were Udaijin (Minister of the Rght) FUJIWARA no Yorimune, Gon dainagon (Great Councillor) FUJIWARA no Yoshinobu, and Gon dainagon Fujiwara no Nagaie.
Japanese: また、右大臣藤原頼宗・権大納言藤原能信・同藤原長家らは異腹の弟である。
English: After her father Michinaga had ignored an imperial order and seized power in 995, when Shoshi was 8 years old, she was raised as the daughter of the court administrator, closely supervised by her attendants.
Japanese: 長徳元年（995年）、彰子8歳の時に、父道長が内覧の宣旨を蒙り政権を掌握し、それ以後、執政者の長女として世人の嘱目のもとに育つ。
English: On November 1 of the same year, she entered the court of her cousin, Emperor Ichijo, who was 8 years her senior and declared a Nyogo on November 7 (the same day that Chugu FUJIWARA no Teishi gave birth to first crown prince, Imperial Prince Atsuyasu).
Japanese: 同年11月1日、8歳年上の従兄一条天皇に入内し、同月7日に女御宣下（同日、中宮藤原定子が第一皇子敦康親王を出産）。
English: Described as 'Kakayaku Higyosha (Shining Higyosha)' in "Eiga Monogatari," her beauty far surpassed that of the preceding Empress Teishi.
Japanese: 『栄花物語』でも「かかやく飛香舎」と称されたその華やかさは先立の皇后定子を凌駕する勢いを持った。
English: However, she had a difficulty conceiving due to her extremely young age and raised Teishi's son, Imperial Prince Atsuyasu.
Japanese: しかしあまりに若すぎたためかなかなか懐妊せず、定子所生の敦康親王を手元に引き取って養育した。
English: On September 11, 1008, she gave birth to the second crown prince, Imperial Prince Atsuhira (Emperor Goichijo), in Tsuchimikado dono.
Japanese: 寛弘5年（1008年）9月11日、土御門殿にて第二皇子敦成親王（後一条天皇）を出産。
English: Her father's joy at the long-awaited birth of the prince was described in detail in the "Murasaki Shikibu Dairy."
Japanese: 長年皇子誕生を待望していた父道長の狂喜ぶりは、『紫式部日記』に詳しい。
English: While on his death bed on June 13, 1011, Emperor Ichijo handed power over to his cousin, Imperial Prince Okisada (Emperor Sanjo), and Shoshi's son, Imperial Prince Atsuhira, was designated as the crown prince.
Japanese: 寛弘8年（1011年）6月13日、死の床にあって一条天皇は従兄居貞親王（三条天皇）に譲位、彰子所生の敦成親王の立太子が決定した。
English: Shoshi is said to have borne a grudge against her father who supported Imperial Prince Atsuhira to be the crown prince while she knew that Emperor Ichijo's true intention was to promote his eldest son ("Gonki," "Eiga Monogatari," etc.).
Japanese: しかし、帝の真意が長子敦康親王にあったことを体していた彰子は、敦成親王の立太子を後押しした父を怨んだという（『権記』『栄花物語』ほか）。
English: Whether this rumor was true or not, Shoshi seemed to be a rational and wise woman, whom even her father's enemy, FUJIWARA no Sanesuke, called 'Kenko (Honorable Empress)'
Japanese: この説の真偽の程はともかく、彰子は合理的な考え方を持った賢明な女性であったらしく、道長の対立者であった藤原実資からも「賢后」の誉れを得た。
English: On February 14, 1012, she gained the title of Empress Dowager and became Grand Empress Dowager on January 7, 1018.
Japanese: 長和元年（1012年）2月14日皇太后、寛仁2年（1018年）正月7日太皇太后となる。
English: Meanwhile, Shoshi's son, Emperor Goichijo, ascended the throne on January 29, 1016, and Michinaga gained the position of regent, something he had long desired.
Japanese: この間、長和5年（1016年）正月29日には彰子所生の後一条天皇が即位し、道長は念願の摂政に就任した。
English: The following year, he passed the regent and family head position to his eldest son, Yorimichi, and retired from the political world by entering a Buddhist monastery.
Japanese: 翌年、道長は摂政・氏長者をともに嫡子頼通にゆずり、出家して政界から身を引いた。
English: Over the next few years, by replacing younger brothers lacking leadership skills, Shoshi assumed leadership of the family and, with the support of Yorimichi and others, helped sustain the system of regents.
Japanese: その後、彰子は指導力に乏しい弟たちに代えて一門を統率し、頼通らと協力して摂関政治を支えた。
English: On the same day, she was honored with the title Jotomonin following in the footsteps of her aunt and mother in law, Emperor Ichijo's mother, FUJIWARA no Senshi.
Japanese: 同日、一条天皇母后で、彼女にとっては伯母で、義母でもあった藤原詮子の先例にならって女院号を賜り、上東門院を称した。
English: Because she later built and spent her final years in Tohokuin within Hojo-ji Temple, which had been founded by her father Michinaga, she was also known as Tohokuin.
Japanese: 後年、父道長が建立した法成寺の内に東北院を建てて、晩年ここを在所としたため、別称を東北院ともいう。
English: Emperor Goichijo passed away on April 17, 1036 and Emperor Gosuzaku on January 18, 1045.
Japanese: 長元9年（1036年）4月17日に後一条天皇、寛徳2年（1045年）正月18日に後朱雀天皇が崩御。
English: There is an episode where, while her lady-in-waiting was combing her hair, she was asked by Yorimichi to appoint his son FUJIWARA no Morozane as the Kanpaku (chief advisor) to her newly enthroned grandson, Emperor Goreizei.
Japanese: その後は孫の後冷泉天皇が即位したが、女官に髪を梳かせていた彰子は、その代に息子藤原師実へ関白職を譲りたい頼通からそのつもりを聞かされた。
English: Her mood darkened instantly and she sent written instructions to the emperor stating, 'do not approve for it opposes my father Michinaga's will,' forcing Yorimichi to pass the position to his younger brother Norimichi.
Japanese: 彰子はにわかに機嫌を悪くし、内裏へ「父道長の遺令に背くのでお許しにならぬように」との旨を奏上させ、ために頼通は弟教通へ譲らざるをえなかったエピソードがある。
English: She outlived two of her grandchildren, Goreizei and Emperor Gosanjo, who contributed to the demise of the Regent system built up by her father.
Japanese: その後、後冷泉のみならず、父が全盛を築いた摂関政治を終焉に導く事となった後三条天皇と、二人の孫にまで先立たれてしまった。
English: She left a relatively large number of waka (Japanese poems), many of which mourned the death of her husband and children such as 'Hitokoe mo Kimini tsugenan hototogisu kono samidare wa yamini madofuto (Please just tell my late son this, hototogisu (lesser cuckoo), that this summer rain shrouds me in darkness)' composed after the death of Emperor Goichijo.
Japanese: 彼女は比較的に多くの和歌を残したが、なかでも後一条天皇の死後に詠んだ「ひと声も君に告げなんほととぎす　この五月雨は闇にまどふと」等、夫や子供の死を悼んだ歌が多い。
English: She passed away during the reign of her great-grandson, Emperor Shirakawa, on October 3, 1074 at the age of 87.
Japanese: 曾孫・白河天皇の代、承保元年（1074年）10月3日に87歳で崩御。
English: FUJIWARA no Teishi (her name can alo be read as Sadako) (977-January 13, 1001) was Chugu and later Empress to the sixty-sixth Emperor, Ichijo, during the Heian period (The date of her death is taken from Kugyo FUJIWARA no Yukinari's diary, "Gonki" of the same period.
Japanese: 藤原定子（ふじわらのていし/さだこ）、貞元(日本)2年（977年）―長保2年12月16日(旧暦)（ユリウス暦1001年1月13日））は、平安時代、第66代一条天皇の中宮、のち皇后（享年は同時代の公卿藤原行成の日記『権記』による。
English: She was the mother of Princess Shushi (996-1049), Prince Atsuyasu (999-1018), and Princess Bishi (1000-1008).
Japanese: 脩子内親王（996年―1049年）・敦康親王（999年―1018年）・び子内親王（1000年―1008年、び＝女偏に美）らの生母。
English: She was the eldest daughter of FUJIWARA no Michitaka, who was Kanpaku Naidaijin (Advisor and Minister of the Centre), Shonii (Senior Second Rank), and TAKASHINA no Kishi, who was Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and a daughter of TAKASHINA no Naritada, the Shikibu no Taifu (or Chief Judge at the Ministry of Civil Affairs).
Japanese: 関白内大臣正二位藤原道隆の長女、母は式部大輔高階成忠の女・正三位高階貴子。
English: Her maternal brothers were Shonii Naidaijin FUJIWARA no Korechika (974-1010) and Shonii Chunagon (or Middle Counsellor) FUJIWARA no Takaie (979-1044).
Japanese: 正二位内大臣藤原伊周（974年―1010年）、正二位中納言藤原隆家（979年―1044年）は同母兄弟。
English: She entered the imperial court in the spring of her 14th year when she married Emperor Ichijo, who was three years younger, on January 25, 990 (old lunar calendar) and eventually received the title of Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) and also became his Nyogo (or consort).
Japanese: 正暦元年（990年）1月25日(旧暦)、数え14歳の春に、3歳年下の一条天皇に入内し、まもなく従四位下に叙せられ、ついで女御となる。
English: In May 990, with her father Michitaka assuming the Sessho (or regency) and the leadership of the clan when his grandfather FUJIWARA no Kaneie died, the family entered a golden period.
Japanese: 同じ年の5月には、父・道隆が祖父藤原兼家の亡き後を継いで摂政・氏長者に就任しており、道隆一族は輝かしい栄華を謳歌した。
English: Teishi's mother, Kishi, served as Naishi no jo (looking after the sacred sword and jewels) of Emperor Enyu and was known as Ko no naishi due to her mastery of Classical Chinese, which was rare for a woman and led to her being invited to the poetry parties at the imperial palace.
Japanese: 定子の母貴子は円融天皇朝に掌侍を勤めて高内侍と称された人で、女ながらに漢文を能くし、殿上の詩宴にもに招かれるほどであった。
English: Teishi's father, Michitaka, is said to have had a jovial personality, who loved sake and telling jokes, or 'Sarugogoto.'
Japanese: また、定子の父道隆は、「猿楽言」（冗談）を好み酒を愛した陽気な性格の人だという。
English: Having the blood of such parents in her veins, Teishi grew up to be wise and well-versed in both Japanese and Chinese, with a bright and cheerful personality.
Japanese: こうした父母の血を享けて、定子は聡明な資質を持ち、和漢の才に通暁したばかりでなく、明朗快活な性格に育ったらしい。
English: Teishi's attractive personality can be felt even today through the lively description in the "The Pillow Book," written by her lady-in-waiting (993-Teishi's death), Sei Shonagon.
Japanese: 正暦四年頃から定子の死去まで彼女に仕えた女房・清少納言が著した随筆『枕草子』は、生き生きとした筆致で、彼女の人格的魅力を今日に伝えている。
English: She had an extremely good relationship with her husband, Emperor Ichijo, and the trend of Ichijo's court to focus on the importance of wit and elegance owed a lot to Teishi.
Japanese: 負うにあたる夫・一条天皇との仲も至極良好で、機知を愛し風雅を重んじる一条朝の宮廷の風潮は定子に負うところが大きい。
English: However, her father Michitaka, who was the Kanpaku, died on April 10, 995 and, through the intervention of the Emperor's mother, FUJIWARA no Senshi, the political power shifted to her uncle, FUJIWARA no Michikane, and then, upon his sudden death, to his younger brother FUJIWARA no Michinaga.
Japanese: しかし、長徳元年（995年）4月10日、関白であった定子の父道隆が死去すると、政権は国母・藤原詮子の介入により定子の叔父藤原道兼、ついで藤原道兼が急死するとその弟藤原道長の手に渡った。
English: Then, the following April, Teishi's brothers Naidaijin Korechika and Chunagon Takaie were demoted after their involvement in the The Chotoku Conspiracy, an attempted assasination by arrows of former EmperorKazan.
Japanese: さらに、翌年4月には定子の兄・内大臣伊周、弟・中納言隆家らが花山天皇奉射事件を起こして左遷された。（長徳の変）
English: Teishi also left the imperial palace and returned to her parents' home of Nijo Palace, but after the shock of witnessing the Imperial police (or Kebiishi) arrest her brothers, who were in hiding at the house, she cut off her hair in preparation for entry into a monastery.
Japanese: 定子も内裏を退出し里第二条宮に還御するが、目の前で邸に逃げ込んだ兄弟が検非違使に捕らえられることを見て、あまりの衝撃に自ら鋏を取り落飾した。
English: She entered the monastery on May 1, but her misfortune continued as Nijo Palace burnt down that summer and her mother, Kishi, died in October.
Japanese: 中宮の出家は5月1日(旧暦)のことで、この後、同年夏に二条宮が全焼し、10月には母・貴子も没するなど、不幸は続いた。
English: Later, in April 997, Korechika and the others were pardoned and, despite opposition, Emperor Ichijo invited Teishi back to the court because he wished to see the newly born daughter, Imperial Princess Shushi.
Japanese: その後、長徳三年（997年）4月になって伊周らの罪は赦され、また一条天皇は誕生した皇女・脩子内親王との対面を望み、周囲の反対を押し退け、同年6月、再び定子を宮中に迎え入れた。
English: The Chugu residence was decided to be a room of Chugu Office which was far from Seiryoden(Emperor's residence), however, the nobles at court frowned upon the fact that Teishi had moved into the palace after she became a nun, leading FUJIWARA no Sanesuke to write in his diary "Shoyuki" on June 22, 997, that "people are displeased"
Japanese: 中宮御所は清涼殿からほど遠い中宮職の御曹司と決められたが、それでも定子が出家の身で禁裏へ入った事への公卿の顰蹙を反映して、藤原実資はその日記『小右記』長徳三年六月二十二日条に、「天下不甘心」の語を記した。
English: After re-entering the court, she gave birth to Emperor Ichijo's first son, Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, on November 7, 999.
Japanese: この再入内で定子は実質的に還俗し、長保元年（999年）11月7日(旧暦)、一条天皇の第一皇子・敦康親王を出産。
English: The Emperor was overjoyed, but FUJIWARA no Michinaga, whose eldest daughter, FUJIWARA no Shoshi, had entered the imperial court, was upset over the news and schemed to promote Shoshi as the empress.
Japanese: 天皇の喜びは大きかったが、先に長女藤原彰子を入内させていた道長はこのことで焦慮し、彰子の立后を謀るようになる。
English: With the support of Higashi Sanjoin Senshi, Nyogo Shoshi was installed as Empress and given the title of 'Chugu' on February 25, 1000, and Teishi, the previous 'Chugu,' was named 'Empress Consort,' creating the first 'One Emperor, Two Empresses' in recorded history.
Japanese: 東三条院詮子の支持もあって、長保二年（1000年）2月25日(旧暦)、女御彰子が新たに皇后に冊立され「中宮」を号し、先に「中宮」を号していた皇后定子は「皇后宮」に号され、史上はじめての「一帝二后」となった。
English: Her mausoleum is the Toribeno no Misasagi mausoleum in Imagumanosenzan-cho, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: 陵墓は今、京都市東山区今熊野泉山町にある鳥辺野陵（とりべののみささぎ）がそれとされている。
English: The poem she left on her death bed, 'Yomosugara Chigirishi Koto o Wasurezuba Koin Namida no Irozo Yukashiki (Please do not forget our all-night bonding/I wonder what color tears you will shed after my death) ' was included as an elegy in "Goshui Wakashu" and used in OGURA Hyakunin Isshu's original anthology, 'Hyakunin Shuka.'
Japanese: 死に臨んで定子が書き残した遺詠「夜もすがら契りし事を忘れずは　こひむ涙の色ぞゆかしき」は、『後拾遺和歌集』に哀傷巻頭歌として収められ、また、鎌倉時代初めに編まれた小倉百人一首の原撰本「百人秀歌」にも採られている。
English: After Teishi's death, the Naka no Kanpaku family (the family name of Michitaka's, who became Kanpaku after his father and before his younger brother) fell into decline.
Japanese: 定子の死後、中関白家（父と弟の間にあって関白になった道隆家の呼称）は没落の一途をたどった。
English: For this the reason, Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, despite being the first son of an empress, was unable to ascend the throne.
Japanese: 定子が儲けた敦康親王が、后腹の第一皇子でありながら即位できなかったのも、それゆえである。
English: Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA (1398-April 12, 1455) was a Kanrei (Shogun's deputy) of the Muromachi shogunate during the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 畠山持国（はたけやまもちくに、応永5年（1398年）-享徳4年3月26日(旧暦)（1455年4月12日））は、室町時代の室町幕府の管領。
English: The AKAMATSU, ISSHIKI, and Mochikuni's HATAKEYAMA Clans benefited from Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu's rule, increasing their strength and influence but, as the powerful SHIBA and YAMANA Clans weakened, these three Clans increasingly became an obstacle for the shogun authorities.
Japanese: 三管四職家のうち、主に足利義満の時代に取り立てられ勢力を躍進させたのは赤松氏、一色氏、そして持国の畠山氏であったが、義満時代に有力な守護大名であった斯波氏や山名氏が弱体化すると、上の三家が将軍権力の障害となるようになった。
English: Of the three, the HATAKEYAMA Clan, especially, formed the core of the shogunate and was a constant nuisance for generations of shoguns.
Japanese: 特に三管領の一角を占める畠山氏は幕政の中核をしめ、代々の将軍にとって目の上のたんこぶであった。
English: When Mitsuie HATAKEYAMA died, the sixth Shogun, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, began a rule of terror, the so called 'Bannin Kyofu (Ten Thousand People Horror,)' mainly to increase pressure on the three families.
Japanese: 六代将軍足利義教は畠山満家の死後、「万人恐怖」と評される恐怖政治を敷き、特に上記三家に対する干渉を強めるようになった。
English: Mitsusuke AKAMATSU was defeated in 1427, and Yoshitsura ISSHIKI was assassinated in 1440.
Japanese: 1427年には赤松満祐が討伐され、1440年には一色義貫が殺害されている。
English: Yoshinori began attacking the HATAKEYAMA Clan in 1441 and Mochikuni was forced to step down and hand over the family estate to his younger brother, Mochinaga HATAKEYAMA.
Japanese: 1441年には、義教の矛先は畠山氏に向けられ、持国は家督を弟畠山持永に譲らされ隠居を余儀なくされる。
English: However, Mitsusuke was affected by Yoshinori's policies more than Mochikuni and assassinated the Shogun in 1441 in what is known as the Kakitsu Incident.
Japanese: しかし、持国以上に義教の行動に恐怖を覚えた満祐が、1441年(嘉吉元)に将軍義教を暗殺する事件が勃発する（嘉吉の変）。
English: Mochikuni immediately raised an army to attack Mochinaga and established a power base in Yamato to oppose the Kanrei, Mochiyuki HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 持国はただちに挙兵して持永を討ち、さらに大和に勢力を扶植して管領の細川持之と対立する。
English: With Yoshikatsu ASHIKAGA, the son of Yoshinori, becoming the 7th shogun and the AKAMATSU Clan defeated, Mochiyuki stepped down from the Kanrei position and was replaced by Mochikuni.
Japanese: 7代将軍に義教嫡子の足利義勝が就任し、赤松氏が討伐されると持之は管領を辞任し、持国が管領となる。
English: After Yoshikatsu died of illness in 1443, he began a political campaign for Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA to become the next shogun.
Japanese: 1443年(嘉吉3)に義勝が病死すると足利義政の将軍就任に運動する。
English: While Mochikuni was still childless he had named his younger brother, Mochitomi HATAKEYAMA, as his successor but with the birth of his son, Yoshinari HATAKEYAMA, he excluded his brother and made his son the heir.
Japanese: 持国には実子が無く、弟の畠山持富を後継としていたが、その後に実子の畠山義就が誕生し、持富を廃しこれを後継とするも、
English: However, he was forced to abandon the plan in the face of opposition from some of his vassals and named Mochitomi's son, Masanaga HATAKEYAMA (Yasaburo) as his successor.
Japanese: 一部の家臣の反対に遭いこれを断念、あらたに持富の子の畠山政久を後継者とする。
English: However, his vassals had split into pro-Yoshinari and pro-Yasaburo factions and, in 1454, the pro-Yoshinari YUSA Clan attacked the home of the pro-Yasaburo JINBO Clan, triggering the beginning of a bloody internal conflict..
Japanese: しかし、家臣団は既に弥三郎派と義就派に分裂しており、ついには義就派の遊佐氏が弥三郎派の神保氏の屋敷を襲撃する事件が1454年に勃発し、血で血を洗う内紛が始まることになる。
English: At first the pro-Yoshinari faction had the upper hand, but the pro-Yasaburo faction, aided by Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and Sozen YAMANA (seeking to weaken the HATAKEYAMA Clan), rallied, continuing the fierce struggle.
Japanese: 当初は義就派が優勢であったが、畠山氏の弱体化を狙う細川勝元と山名宗全により弥三郎派が盛り返し、一進一退の攻防が続く。
English: In 1455, Mochikuni died from illness, having been unable to end the fighting.
Japanese: この騒動の中、持国は病身でもあったため、騒動を抑えきることができないまま1455年に死去する。
English: The HATAKEYAMA Clan feud was continued by Yoshinari and Yasaburo's younger brother, Masanaga HATAKEYAMA and, together with the war of succession between the ASHIKAGA Shogun family and the Shiba (the Buei Disturbance), led to the start of the Onin War.
Japanese: この畠山氏の抗争は、義就と弥三郎の弟の畠山政長が主体となりその後も継続し、足利将軍家や斯波氏の家督相続問題（武衛騒動）と関係して応仁の乱が発生する。
English: His sons were Yoshinaga ASANO, Nagaakira ASANO (both members of the Hiroshima ASANO Clan), Nagashige ASANO (father of Naganao ASANO, the Ako ASANO Clan founder), and his 3 daughters married the daimyos Nagafusa SUGIHARA, Chikayoshi HORI and Sadatsuna MATSUDAIRA.
Japanese: 子に浅野幸長、浅野長晟（ともに広島浅野氏）、浅野長重（赤穂浅野氏祖の浅野長直の父）、娘（杉原長房室）、娘（堀親良室）、娘（松平定綱室）。
English: He was born in Kitano, Kasugai-gun, Owari no kuni (Owari province), in present day Kitanagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, the son of Shigetsugu YASUI.
Japanese: 尾張国春日井郡北野（現在の愛知県北名古屋市）に安井重継の子として生まれた。