nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Tatsuta-yama Mountain is believed to be a mountainous region located west of Tatsuta-taisha Shrine and south of Mt. Shigi, however, there is no mountain by that name on the map. 
Japanese: 竜田山は龍田大社の西、信貴山の南にあたる山地とされるが現在は竜田山という名称の山は地図には残っていない。
English: Iwafune Road and Kiyotaki-kaido Road: A route starting at Moriguchi-shuku proceeds eastward, passing through Kiyotaki-toge Pass, turning south at Kitatahara area, Shijonawate City, running alongside Amano-gawa River (Osaka Prefecture) and Tatsuta-gawa River and merging with Tatsutagoe at Tatsuta. 
Japanese: 磐船街道・清滝街道-守口宿から東進、清滝峠を越え、四條畷市北田原地区で天野川(大阪府)、竜田川沿いを南下し、龍田で竜田越に合流するルート。
English: Shuntoku-kaido Road and Jusan-kaido Road: Route crossing through Jusan-toge Pass in Heguri-cho, Yao City, proceeding southward along Tatsuta-gawa River and merging with Tatsutagoe at Tatsuta. 
Japanese: 俊徳街道・十三街道-八尾市・平群町の「十三峠」を越えて、竜田川沿いを南下し、龍田で竜田越に合流するルート。
English: Route through Yamato-kaido Road and Iga-kaido Road from Nara, passing through Iga Province and reaching Ise City. 
Japanese: 奈良から大和街道・伊賀街道を通り、伊賀国を経由して伊勢市に通じる道。
English: Today, it splits with Iga-kaido Road at Iono (Misato-cho, Ise City), passes through Hisaijoka and merges with Ise-kaido Road at 
Japanese: 現在では、五百野（津市美里町）で伊賀街道と分岐し、久居城下を経て月本追分（松阪市中林町）で伊勢街道と合流する区間が「奈良街道」と称される。
English: It did not exist when the city was Heian-kyo but was newly build by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMO under Tensho no Jiwari land allotment plan. 
Japanese: 平安京には存在せず、豊臣秀吉による天正の地割で新設された通りである。
English: The origin of the street name remains unclear; one theory is that the name derives from Hideyoshi having traveled the street when paying a visit to the Imperial Court from Osaka (or Fushimi). 
Japanese: 通り名の由来は秀吉が大阪（あるいは伏見）から御所に参内する時に使ったためなど諸説がある。
English: The street between Sanjo-dori and Shijo-dori streets has many cultural facilities, such as Art Complex 1928 in Sanjo Gokomachi, and shops catering to young people.
Japanese: 三条通と四条通の間には、三条御幸町のアートコンプレックス1928をはじめ若者向けの文化施設・商店などが多い。
English: The street was called Tominokoji Street in Heian-kyo, however, the name Tominokoji Street is used for the street one block to the west of Fuyacho-dori Street today.
Japanese: 平安京の富小路にあたるが、現在の富小路通は麩屋町通の一本西の通りを指す。
English: There are two roads that were called 'Yoko-oji Road': one is the road that ran near Fujiwara-kyo in the south of the Nara Basin, and the other is the road than ran from the Horyu-ji Temple area to present-day Ichinomoto in Tenri City.
Japanese: 「横大路」と呼ばれた道は、奈良盆地南部の藤原京付近を通っていた道と法隆寺付近から現在の天理市櫟本付近までの道の二つがある。
English: As a general rule, the road called 'Yoko-oji Road' is the almost straight road that stretches in an east-west direction from the south of Mt. Miwa in Sakurai City and reaches the area around Mt. Nijo in Katsuragi City (Nara Prefecture and Osaka Prefecture).
Japanese: 通常「横大路」と呼ばれる道は、桜井市の三輪山の南から葛城市の二上山(奈良県・大阪府)付近まで東西にほぼまっすぐに設置された道である。
English: At the eastern end, the road connects to the Ise Shrine Pilgrimage Road and Hase-kaido Road, and at the western end, it connects to Takenouchi-kaido Road and Nagao-kaido Road.
Japanese: 東側では伊勢国への伊勢参宮街道および初瀬街道に、西側では和泉国に至る竹内街道および長尾街道に接続する。
English: The Emperor Jinmu enshrined red pikes and shields as the god of Sumisaka and black pikes and shields as the god of Osaka (not the city of Osaka but the north pass of Mt. Nijo).
Japanese: 神武天皇が墨坂の神に赤楯矛を、大坂（都市の大坂ではなく、二上山の北の峠）の神に黒楯矛を奉った。
English: It is said that this is because Yoko-oji Road that connected those two places had an important meaning for the first Yamato regime.
Japanese: これは、両地を結ぶ横大路が初期大和朝廷にとって重要であったことを示しているとされる。
English: Yoko-oji Road crosses with these roads from the east: The Kami-kaido (Kamitsu Michi), Taishimichi (Sujikaimichi Road), Nakatsu Michi, the Naka-kaido (Shimotsu Michi), and the Shimo-kaido (Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 横大路は、東から、上街道(上ツ道)、太子道（筋違道）、中ツ道、中街道(下ツ道)、下街道(奈良県)等と交差する。
English: The road goes over these rivers from the east: Tera-kawa River, Yone-gawa River, Asuka-gawa River (Nara Prefecture), Soga-gawa River, Katsuragi-gawa River, Takada-gawa River and Katsuge-gawa River.
Japanese: 川も、東から大和川、寺川、米川、飛鳥川(奈良県)、曽我川、葛城川、高田川、葛下川等をまたぐ。
English: It is supposed that in the ancient times there was a lake or a marsh like a pond in the middle of the Nara Basin, since the rivers seemed tidy in the areas north of Yoko-oji Road and there was a distance between Shimotsu Michi and the Shimo-kaido.
Japanese: 横大路から北は、川の流路が整う様に見えることから、また、下ツ道と下街道の間が離れていることから、古代には、奈良盆地の真中に、湖ないしは池の様な湿地帯があったのではないかと推測されている。
English: Kita no Yoko-oji was the straight road that stretched from Horyu-ji Temple area in Ikaruga Town to Ichinomoto in Tenri City in an east-west direction.
Japanese: 北の横大路とされる道は、斑鳩町の法隆寺付近から天理市の櫟本までまっすぐ東西に通っていた道である。
English: It corresponds to the parts of present-day Route 25 and Nara Prefectural Road 192, Fukusumi-Yokota line.
Japanese: 現在の国道25号線の一部と奈良県道192号福住横田線の一部区間に相当する。
English: It is a short and relatively unknown street sandwiched by Hanayacho-dori Street and Rokujo-dori Street at its northern and southern ends.
Japanese: 南北は六条通から花屋町通という距離も短く、あまり知られてない通りである。
English: Godaisan-kaido Highway is a byway of about 36 km serviced in the Edo period in Omi Province between Tsuchiyama (current Koka City) and Obata (current Higashi Omi City).
Japanese: 御代参街道（ごだいさんかいどう）は、江戸時代に近江国に整備された土山（現甲賀市）から小幡（現東近江市）の間約36㎞の脇街道。
English: It is said that the highway was maintained when Kasuga no Tsubone made her pilgrimage from Ise-jingu Shrine to Taga-taisha Shrine in 1640. 
Japanese: 春日局が1640年（寛永17年）に伊勢神宮から多賀大社へ参詣した際に整備されたと伝えられている。
English: The Highway is called Godaisan (meaning visiting in place of another)-kaido Highway because in the mid-Edo period there was a tradition among the courtiers in Kyoto to send a representative to Ise-jingu Shrine and to Taga-taisha Shrine three times a year (New Year, May and September), and the highway was used in those occasions.
Japanese: 江戸中期頃には京の公卿たちの間で年に3回（正月・五月・九月）伊勢神宮と多賀社へ代参の名代を派遣する習慣がありその際に利用されたことから御代参街道と呼ばれている。
English: However, there is no mention of 'Godaisan-kaido Highway' in documents or records of the Edo period, and it was only in 1868 that the name began to appear.
Japanese: ただし江戸期の文献には「御代参街道」との記述はみられず1868年（慶応4年）の記述が初見である。
English: Since there is a 'to the right, Hokkoku Taga Highway, Hino Hachiman Road' road sign in the Tokaido Tsuchiyama post town, the highway must have been used as the shortest route to Hokkoku.
Japanese: また、東海道土山宿の道標には「右北国たが街道　ひの八まん道」とあることから、北国への最短経路としても利用されていたと考えられる。
English: The roads that inherited the role of this highway are Routes 52, 45, 46 (prefectural roads), Route 477 (national highway), and Shiga Prefecture Route 41, and the railway that runs the route is Oumi Railway. 
Japanese: 現在この街道の役割を引き継いでいるのは、道路では、県道52号線、同45号線、同46号線、国道477号線、滋賀県道41号線等、鉄道では近江鉄道本線ということになる。
English: However, Oumi Railway runs from Hino to Kibukawa, Minakuchi-cho, Koka City without going through Sasao-toge Pass.
Japanese: しかし、近江鉄道は日野から笹尾峠を通らずに甲賀市水口町貴生川へ向かっている。
English: Nishioumi-ji Road is a highway that stretches from Oumi Province (Shiga Prefecture) to Echizen Province, and was the road connecting Hokuriku area in the ancient and middle ages.
Japanese: 西近江路（にしおうみじ）は、近江国（滋賀県）から越前国へ通じる街道で、古代・中世の北陸道。
English: In 1887, it became a prefectural road and the name of Nishioumi-ji Road was established.
Japanese: 1887年（明治20年）に西近江路として県道となりこの名称が定着した。
English: Since the ancient times, the route had heavy traffic, connecting the ancient capital and Hokuriku area, and large armies moved along the road during the Jinshin Uprising, FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's Uprising, Genpei War and the attack on Asakura by Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 古来より都と北陸を結ぶ道として人の往来が多いだけでなく、壬申の乱、藤原仲麻呂の乱、源平合戦、織田信長の朝倉攻めなどでは大軍が移動している。
English: Going over the Ozeki Pass - Anata Station (Otsu, Anata City) - Wani Station (Wani Nakahama, Otsu City) - Mio Station (Mio, Azumikawa-machi, Takashima City) - Tomoyui-no-eki Station (Koaraji, Kaizu, Ura and Sekitei of Makino-cho, Takashima City) - Arachi no seki (Hikita, Tsuruga City)
Japanese: 小関越え→穴多（太）駅（大津市穴太）→和邇駅（大津市和邇中浜）→三尾駅（高島市安曇川町三尾）→鞆結駅（高島市マキノ町小荒路・海津・浦・石庭）→愛発関（敦賀市疋田か）→
English: Otsu-juku/Fudanotsuji (Fudanotsuji, Otsu City) - Koromogawa-juku (Koromogawa, Otsu City) - Wani-juku (Waninaka, Otsu City) - Kido-juku (Kido, Otsu City) - Kita Komatsu-juku (Kita Komatsu, Otsu City) - Kawarashi-juku (Shinjo, Shin Asahi-cho, Takashima City) - Imazu-juku (Imazu, Imazu-cho, Takashima City) - Kaizu-juku (Kaizu, Makino-cho, Takashima City) - Tsuruga-juku (Moto-machi, Tsuruga City)
Japanese: 大津宿・札の辻（大津市札の辻）→衣川宿（大津市衣川）→和邇宿（大津市和邇中）→木戸宿（大津市木戸）→北小松宿（大津市北小松）→河原市宿（高島市新旭町新庄）→今津宿（高島市今津町今津）→海津宿（高島市マキノ町海津）→敦賀宿（敦賀市元町）
English: National treasures at Onjo-ji Temple: Kondo, Shinrazenshindo, Kojo-in Temple Kyakuden (visitors' quarters), Kangakuin Kyakuden, Kenponchoshoku Fudoo Statue (Ou Fudo), Shinra Myojin Zazo, Enchin Zazo (Okotsudaishi), Chisho Daishi Zazo (Chuson Daiji), Gobushinkan, Chisho Daishi related materials
Japanese: （国宝）金堂・新羅善神堂・光浄院客殿・勧学院客殿・絹本著色不動明王像（黄不動）・新羅明神坐像・円珍坐像（御骨大師）・智証大師坐像（中尊大師）・五部心観・智証大師関係文書典籍
English: Important cultural assets at Onjo-ji Temple: Shoro dome, Daishido of To-in Temple, Kanjodo of To-in Temple, Sanju-no-to Tower, Bishamondo, other buddha statues, drawings, crafts, documents and many others.
Japanese: （重要文化財）鐘楼・唐院大師堂・唐院灌頂堂・三重塔・毘沙門堂、他仏像、絵画、工芸、文書など多数
English: Vories buildings in Imazu (the old Imazu Branch of Hyakusanjusan Bank, buildings of Imazu Church, old Imazu Post Office building)
Japanese: 今津のヴォーリズ建築群（旧百三十三銀行今津支店・今津教会会堂・旧今津郵便局）
English: Soma-kaido Highway was a highway that existed in the Edo period between Shiga Prefecture (Omi Province) and Koka County.
Japanese: 杣街道（そまかいどう）は、江戸時代に滋賀県（近江国）甲賀郡に存在した街道。
English: This route along Soma-gawa River was the equivalent of Tokai-do Road (route connecting Nara and Kanto area) during the Omi Court period and was also called 'Kurabu-do Road.'
Japanese: 杣川沿いのこのルートは近江朝時代の東海道で「倉歴（くらぶ）道」ともいう。
English: It was destroyed after the Jinshin Uprising but used as Tokai-do Road until the route was changed to 'go over Asuha' via Suzuka Pass in 886 during the Heian period.
Japanese: 壬申の乱後に一旦廃れたが、平安時代にも886年（仁和2年）に鈴鹿峠経由で関に至る「阿須波（あすは）越」に変更されるまで東海道として利用された。
English: The route continued to be important for the people of Soma-dani Valley as the 'Iga-michi Road' from Konan to Iga, as the route for pilgrimage to Ise Shrine, and as the road for Yamabushi (mountain priests).
Japanese: その後も、湖南から伊賀に抜ける「伊賀道」として、伊勢参宮の間道として、山伏の道として、杣谷の人々にとっての主要道として重要な道であった。
English: In the 17th century, in the Edo period, most of the current route that separates from Tokai-do Road at Mikumo and stretches to Iga seems to have been established and in a 1742 document, there is a reference to 'Somakai-do Highway.'
Japanese: 江戸時代に入って17世紀には三雲から東海道と分れて伊賀へ至る現在のルートの大要が確認でき、1742年（寛保2年）の資料には「杣海道」の名称が確認できる。
English: The current route was serviced around 1887 and it was called Shinkai-do Road at the time.
Japanese: 現在のルートが整えられたのは明治20年代のことで、当時これを「新海道」と称した。
English: Mikumo (Konan City) - Sanbonyanagi (Minakuchi, Koka City) - Fukagawa Market (Konanncho, Koka City) - Terasho (Konancho, Koka City) - Ohara Market (Kokacho, Koka City) - Ueno (Kokacho, Koka City) - Tsuge (Tsuge-cho, Iga City, Mie Prefecture) <merged with Yamato-kaido Highway> - Kabuto Market (Kameyama City) - Seki (Seki-cho, Kameyama City)
Japanese: 三雲（湖南市）→三本柳（甲賀市水口町）→深川市場（甲賀市甲南町）→寺庄（甲賀市甲南町）→大原市場（甲賀市甲賀町）→上野（甲賀市甲賀町）→柘植（三重県伊賀市柘植町）＜大和街道に合流＞→加太市場（亀山市）→関（亀山市関町）
English: A temple belonging to the Myoshinji school of the Rinzai sect, Ryoan-ji Temple is located in Ukyo-ku, Kyoto city.
Japanese: 龍安寺（りょうあんじ）は、京都府京都市右京区にある臨済宗妙心寺派の寺院。
English: The temple's principle object of worship is Shakyamuni Buddha, its founder was Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, and its first head priest was Gensho GITEN.
Japanese: 本尊は釈迦如来、開基（創立者）は細川勝元、開山（初代住職）は義天玄承である。
English: Ryoan-ji Temple, which is famous for its dry-landscape Hojo Rock Garden (commonly known as the "Rock Garden of Ryoan-ji"), is a Zen temple built in 1450 by Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, a feudal lord and official of the Muromachi Shogunate who acted as the commander of the eastern army in the Onin War.
Japanese: 「龍安寺の石庭」として知られる枯山水の方丈石庭で有名な龍安寺は、室町幕府の管領、守護大名で、応仁の乱の東軍総帥でもあった細川勝元が宝徳2年（1450年）に創建した禅寺である。
English: Acquired by Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, the land at the foot of Mt. Kinugasa (Kyoto Prefecture) on which Ryoan-ji Temple is located had been a mountain retreat of the Tokudaiji family from the time of Saneyoshi TOKUDAIJI, a descendent of the FUJIWARA-Hokke family.
Japanese: 衣笠山(京都府)山麓に位置する龍安寺の所在地は、藤原北家の流れを汲む徳大寺実能以来、徳大寺家の山荘であったところを、細川勝元が譲り受けたものである。
English: Though Gensho GITEN is considered the actual founding priest of Ryoan-ji Temple, he himself became the 2nd head priest, making his own master, Soshun NIPPO, the founder.
Japanese: 龍安寺の開山は実質的にはこの義天玄承とされているが、義天自身は2世に退き、自分の師の日峰宗舜を開山に立てている。
English: The original grounds were much bigger than they are today, extending all the way to the area around the tracks of the Keifuku Electric Railroad.
Japanese: 創建当初の寺地は現在よりはるかに広く、京福電気鉄道の線路のあたりまでが境内であったという。
English: Ryoan-ji Temple was burned down during the Onin War (1467-1477), in which its founder, Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, was involved.
Japanese: 龍安寺は、開基細川勝元自身が一方の当事者であった応仁の乱（1467-1477年）で焼失。
English: It was rebuilt in 1488 by Katsumoto's son, Masamoto HOSOKAWA, and the 4th head priest, Zenketsu TOKUHO.
Japanese: 勝元の子の細川政元と、4世住持・特芳禅傑によって長享2年（1488年）に再興された。
English: According to records written in the early modern period, 21 subsidiary temples stood in a row on the Ryoan-ji Temple site at the height of its prosperity (now there are only 3).
Japanese: 近世の地誌類によれば、最盛期の龍安寺には塔頭（たっちゅう、子院）が21か寺、軒を連ねていたという（現存するものは3か寺）。
English: Illustrated guidebooks such as "To Meisho Zukai" (Pictures of Famous Places in the City) show that the pond at Ryoan-ji Temple was famous for Mandarin ducks at that time and that the walking path garden around the pond was far better known than the rock garden Ryoan-ji Temple is famous for today.
Japanese: 『都名所図会』のような絵入りの名所案内書（現代の旅行ガイドブックに相当）を見ると、当時、龍安寺の池はオシドリの名所として知られており、今日有名な石庭よりもむしろ、池を中心とした池泉回遊式庭園のほうが著名であったらしい。
English: Because the Buddha hall and main buildings were lost in a fire in 1797, the Hojo building for Seigenin — 1 of the subsidiary temples — was relocated to serve as the Hojo (main hall) for Ryoan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 寛政9年（1797年）の火災で仏殿など主要伽藍を焼失したため、塔頭の1つである西源院の方丈を移築して龍安寺の方丈（本堂）とした。
English: On the south side of the temple is Kyoyochi (a large reflecting pond), around which there is a strolling garden.
Japanese: 寺の南側には広大な鏡容池（きょうようち）があり、周囲は回遊式庭園になっている。
English: On the north side of the grounds there are a number of buildings including the Hojo (main hall), Buddha hall, and Zorokuan Tea Room, while to the west of these is the Nishi-no-Niwa Western Garden, which is not open to the public.
Japanese: 境内北側には方丈（本堂ともいう）、仏殿、茶室蔵六庵などが建ち、これらの西側には非公開の「西の庭」がある。
English: Hojo building (Important Cultural Property): after the original Hojo building was lost in a fire, the Hojo of Seigenin — 1 of the subsidiary temples located on the grounds — was moved to this spot. Built in 1606.
Japanese: 方丈（重文）－もとの方丈が火災で失われた後、塔頭寺院の西源院の方丈を移築したもので、慶長11年（1606年）の建築である。
English: Covering an area of about 25 meters wide and 10 meters long, it is a simple garden composed only of white sand through which lines have been drawn with a rake and 15 stones set in 5 places.
Japanese: 幅25メートル、奥行10メートルほどの敷地に白砂を敷き詰め、帚目を付け、15個の石を5か所に点在させただけのシンプルな庭である。
English: According to records written in the early modern period, the garden was designed by Soami, who was in the service of the Muromachi Shogunate; however, the designer, the period in which the garden was made, and the intent of the design are unknown as opinion is divided on these matters.
Japanese: 近世の地誌類には、室町幕府に仕えた相阿弥の作庭と伝えるが、作者、作庭年代、表現意図ともに諸説あって定かでない。
English: It is also said that the garden was designed by a group of great Zen priests, including Zenketsu TOKUHO, at the end of the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 室町時代末期の作で特芳禅傑らの優れた禅僧によって作られたものとも伝えられる。
English: It is said that the garden was designed in such a manner that 1 of the 15 stones is always hidden behind another, no matter where it is viewed from.
Japanese: 15個の石は、庭をどちらから眺めても、必ず1個は他の石に隠れて見えないように設計されているという。
English: According to Gert Van Tonder and Michael Lyons, that point is at the center of the Hojo-no-Ma room as the 15 stones are positioned in a forked pattern whose base would be at the center of the room.
Japanese: ハルト・バン・トンダとマイケル・ライオンズによれば、それは方丈の間の中心であり、15の石の配置は、ここを根元とする「二分岐構造」になっているという。
English: There is also an opinion that if one puts 15 stones in a garden of this size, one of them is bound to be hidden behind another; so there are concerning (controversial) debates that the designer intentionally positioned the stones in such a way.
Japanese: ただし、この程度の面積の庭に15個の石を並べれば、そのうちの一つは隠れて見えなくなるのはむしろ当然のことだとする意見もあり、これを表現意図とする考え方には賛否両論がある。
English: Another explanation is that the number 15 signifies completion in the Oriental thought, because the full moon falls on the 15th night of the lunar month. The number 14, 1 less than 15, therefore signifies "incompleteness."
Japanese: なお、東洋では十五夜（満月）にあたる15という数字を「完全」を表すものとしてとらえる思想があり、15に一つ足りない14は「不完全さ」を表すとされている。
English: Also, in Japan, structures are deliberately left incomplete in some cases, as can be seen in the Yomeimon gate at Nikko Toshogu, the thinking being that things begin to decay from the time they are completed.
Japanese: また、日本には、日光東照宮の陽明門にみられるように、「物事は完成した時点から崩壊が始まる」という思想があり、建造物をわざと不完全なままにしておくことがある。
English: Nothing more than folklore connects the garden with the Chinese legend of the crossing of the tiger cubs, but for reference, the story is outlined below.
Japanese: この庭を「虎の子渡し」という中国の説話と結び付けるのは伝承にすぎないが、参考までに説話の概略を以下に示す。
English: It is said that when a tiger has 3 cubs, 1 of them is always ferocious, and will eat the others if the cubs are left alone.
Japanese: 虎は、3匹の子どもがいると、そのうち1匹は必ずどう猛で、子虎だけで放っておくと、そのどう猛な子虎が他の子虎を食ってしまうという。
English: First she takes the ferocious cub to the far shore, and comes back.
Japanese: 母虎はまず、どう猛な子虎を先に向こう岸に渡してから、いったん引き返す。
English: Next, she takes 1 of the 2 remaining cubs to the far shore, and takes the ferocious cub back again to where they started out.
Japanese: 次に、残った2匹のうち1匹を連れて向こう岸に行くと、今度は、どう猛な子虎だけを連れて、ふたたび元の岸に戻る。
English: At this point only the ferocious cub is left at the starting point, so the mother tiger takes it over to the far shore last.
Japanese: この時点で元の岸にはどう猛な子虎1匹だけが残っているので、母虎は最後にこれを連れて向こう岸へ渡る。
English: When Britain's Queen Elizabeth II made an official visit to Japan in 1975, she made a request to visit the rock garden.
Japanese: イギリスのエリザベス2世(イギリス女王)が1975年に日本を公式訪問した際、石庭の見学を希望。
English: Four Chinese characters, 吾唯足知 ("ware tada taru wo shiru" (I simply know what is enough))" are carved on the Tsukubai stone. The feature of the stone is the square water hole in the centre of the stone, where the water is stored, forms a part of each letter.
Japanese: ここの蹲踞には「吾唯足知」（われ、ただ足るを知る）の4字が刻まれているが、水を溜めておくための中央の四角い穴が「吾唯足知」の4つの漢字の「へん」や「つくり」の「口」として共有されているのが見どころである。
English: Enryaku-ji Temple is in Sakamotohonmachi, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture, and encompasses Mt. Hiei - at a height of 848m in its temple precincts.
Japanese: 延暦寺（えんりゃくじ）は、滋賀県大津市坂本本町にあり、標高848mの比叡山全域を境内とする寺院。
English: It is the central institution of the Japanese Tendai Sect, founded by the monk Saicho (767-822) in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 平安時代初期の僧侶最澄（767年-822年）により開かれた日本天台宗の本山寺院である。
English: It became a general university of Buddhism, spreading the teachings of Tendai Hokke, as well as esoteric Buddhism, Zen (meditation), and Nenbutsu, and in the Heian period gained the support of the Imperial Household and nobles, thereby becoming quite powerful.
Japanese: 天台法華の教えのほか、密教、禅（止観）、念仏も行なわれ仏教の総合大学の様相を呈し、平安時代には皇室や貴族の尊崇を得て大きな力を持った。
English: The incantations of esoteric Buddhism especially garnered the support of the Heian nobility; and Enryaku-ji Temple's esoteric Buddhism was called Taimitsu, to distinguish it from the teachings of the Shingon sect's To-ji temple, called Tomitsu.
Japanese: 特に密教による加持祈祷は平安貴族の支持を集め、真言宗の東寺の密教（東密）に対して延暦寺の密教は「台密」と呼ばれ覇を競った。
English: "Enryaku-ji Temple" is the collective name for the temple buildings of the Santo-Jurokudani, including Todo, Saito and Yokawa, spread out between the top of Mt. Hiei and its eastern foot.
Japanese: 「延暦寺」とは比叡山の山上から東麓にかけた境内に点在する東塔（とうどう）、西塔（さいとう）、横川（よかわ）など、三塔十六谷の堂塔の総称である。
English: It began in 788 (Enryaku 7) when Saicho built a thatched hut that he called Ichijoshikan-in Temple.
Japanese: 延暦7年（788年）に最澄が一乗止観院という草庵を建てたのが始まりである。
English: The use of the name of the era in which it was built (Enryaku) for the temple's name was approved after Saicho's death, in 824.
Japanese: 開創時の年号をとった延暦寺という寺号が許されるのは、最澄没後の弘仁14年（824年）のことであった。
English: Enryaku-ji Temple has been called the mother of Japanese Buddhism, because it produced countless famous monks: Ennin, who laid the foundations of Japanese Tendai Buddhism; Enchin; Ryonin, the founder of the Yuzu Nenbutsu sect; Honen, the founder of the Jodo sect; Shinran, the founder of the Jodo Shin sect; Eisai, the founder of the Rinzai sect; Dogen, the founder of the Soto sect; Nichiren, the founder of the Nichiren sect; and many others, including founders of new sects and famous figures in the history of Japanese Buddhism spent their early years training at Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 延暦寺は数々の名僧を輩出し、日本天台宗の基礎を築いた円仁、円珍、融通念仏の開祖良忍、浄土宗の開祖法然、浄土真宗の開祖親鸞、臨済宗の開祖栄西、曹洞宗の開祖道元、日蓮宗の開祖日蓮など、新仏教の開祖や、日本仏教史上著名な僧の多くが若い日に比叡山で修行していることから、「日本仏教の母山」とも称されている。
English: Furthermore, such strenuous training practices as the "12 Year Mountain Training", and the "1000 Day Circumambulation" continue to this day; and it has even been registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its status as a important, sacred site in Japanese Buddhism.
Japanese: また、「12年籠山行」「千日回峯行」などの厳しい修行が現代まで続けられており、日本仏教の代表的な聖地として、国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界文化遺産にも登録されている。
English: Mt. Hiei is mentioned in the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters), is thought to have been the focus of mountain worship from ancient times; and the landlord deity of Mt. Hiei, Oyamakui-no-kami, is enshrined at Hiyoshi Taisha Shrine at the eastern foot of the mountain.
Japanese: 比叡山は『古事記』にもその名が見える山で、古代から山岳信仰の山であったと思われ、東麓の坂本にある日吉大社には、比叡山の地主神である大山咋神が祀られている。
English: Saicho's profane name was Hirono MITSUNOOBITO; and he was born in 766 (some accounts say 767) in the Shiga district of Omi province (present-day Shiga Prefecture, Otsu City).
Japanese: 最澄は俗名を三津首広野（みつのおびとひろの）といい、天平神護2年（766年）、近江国滋賀郡（滋賀県大津市）に生まれた（生年は767年説もある）。
English: In 780 when he was 15 years old, he took Buddhist orders under the monk Gyohyo at Omi's provincial temple, and took the name Saicho.
Japanese: 15歳の宝亀11年（780年）、近江国分寺の僧・行表のもとで得度（出家）し、最澄と名乗る。
English: In 785 when he was 20, he received the commandments of Buddhism at Nara's Todai-ji Temple, thereby officially becoming a monk.
Japanese: 20歳の延暦4年（785年）、奈良の東大寺で受戒（正式の僧となるための戒律を授けられること）し、正式の僧となった。
English: The young Saicho had a few thoughts, and did not seek a stable position in one of Nara's big temples, only wanting to train and study scriptures close to home on Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 青年最澄は、思うところあって、奈良の大寺院での安定した地位を求めず、郷里に近い比叡山にこもって修行と経典研究に明け暮れた。
English: Of all the scriptures, Saicho thought the teachings of Hokekyo (the Lotus Sutra) was the greatest, and studied the "Three Great Works of Hokke" by China's Tiantai master Zhiyi (Hokkegengi, Hokkemongu, and Makashikan).
Japanese: 最澄は数ある経典の中でも法華経の教えを最高のものと考え、中国の天台大師智ギ（ちぎ）の著述になる「法華三大部」（「法華玄義」、「法華文句」、「摩訶止観」）を研究した。
English: In 788 Saicho built a small temple on the site of the present-day Konponchudo Hall, which consisted of Yakushido Hall, Monjudo Hall, and Kyozo (scripture repository), and he called it Ichijoshikan-in Temple.
Japanese: 延暦7年（788年）、最澄は現在の根本中堂の位置に薬師堂・文殊堂・経蔵からなる小規模な寺院を建立し、一乗止観院と名付けた。
English: This temple, called Hieizan-ji Temple, was allowed to use the name of the era and came to be called Enryaku-ji Temple in 824, after Saicho's death.
Japanese: この寺は比叡山寺とも呼ばれ、年号をとった「延暦寺」という寺号が許されるのは、最澄の没後、弘仁14年（824年）のことであった。
English: Because then Emperor Kanmu became a devout believer in Saicho and Hieizan-ji Temple, received the support of the emperor and his aides in the Wake clan, it flourished as it was considered the guardian of Kyoto's Kimon (northeast) gate and of the nation.
Japanese: 時の桓武天皇は最澄に帰依し、天皇やその側近である和気氏の援助を受けて、比叡山寺は京都の鬼門（北東）を護る国家鎮護の道場として次第に栄えるようになった。
English: In 802, Saicho was approved to travel to Tang China as a Gengakusho (a short-term overseas training student).
Japanese: 延暦21年（802年）、最澄は還学生（げんがくしょう、短期海外研修生）として、唐に渡航することが認められ。