nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Tadaoki's 3rd son Tadatoshi succeeded because he disinherited his eldest son Tadataka HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 忠興の後を三男の忠利が継いだのは、長男・細川忠隆が廃嫡されたからである。
English: Tadataka's wife Chiyo, was daughter of Toshiie MAEDA, escaped and survived during the Battle of Sekigahara while Tadaoki's wife committed suicide in the residence at Osaka.
Japanese: 忠隆の正室の千世は前田利家の娘であったが、関ヶ原の戦いの際に忠興の妻が大坂屋敷で自害した際に千世は脱出して生き延びていた。
English: Tadaoki blamed Chiyo and ordered Tadataka to divorce her and to sever all connections with Toshiie MAEDA and the Maeda clan.
Japanese: 忠興はこれを咎め千世を離縁して前田利長の前田家と縁を切るよう忠隆に命じた。
English: However, Tadataka stood up for Chiyo and would not divorce her, and so Tadaoki exiled and disinherited him.
Japanese: しかし忠隆は千世を庇い離縁を承知しなかったため、忠興は忠隆を追放廃嫡とした。
English: Tadaoki's second son was Okiaki HOSOKAWA who sided with the Toyotomi in 1615 during the Siege of Osaka and was subsequently and unavoidably ordered by his father to commit ritual suicide.
Japanese: 次男の細川興秋は、元和元年（1615年）の大坂の役で豊臣方に与したため、戦後に父の命を受けて自害を余儀なくされている。
English: Ujisato GAMO was a military commander in Japan from the Sengoku period (warring state period) through to the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 蒲生氏郷（がもううじさと）は、戦国時代(日本)から安土桃山時代にかけての武将。
English: Ujisato was reputedly a member of the Oshu-Fujiwara clan, FUJIWARA no Hidesato line, who had been a leading family since the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 蒲生氏は奥州藤原氏・藤原秀郷の系統に属する鎌倉時代からの名門であったという。
English: As a result of the lords of the Rokkaku clan being overthrown by Nobunaga ODA in 1568, his father, Katahide, became a vassal of Oda.
Japanese: 1568年、主家の六角氏が織田信長によって滅ぼされたため、父・賢秀は織田氏に臣従した。
English: He celebrated his coming of age at Gifu Castle and assumed the name "Chuzaburo Masuhide," a name which, according to one account, borrows a single kanji character from one of Nobunaga's official roles, 'Danjochu' (judge).
Japanese: 岐阜城で元服して忠三郎賦秀と名乗り（信長の官職である「弾正忠（だんじょうちゅう）」から1字を与えられたとの説がある。
English: (For consistency, the name "Ujisato" is used in all but one part of this description) Now a member of the Oda family, he was received warmly.
Japanese: なお、本項では一部を除いて氏郷に統一する）、織田氏の一門として手厚く迎えられた。
English: He was exceedingly brave, earned his first battle stripes in engagements against Tomonori KITABATAKE and Tomofusa KITABATAKE, and campaigned with success in attacks on Okawachi Castle in Ise Province in 1569, the Battle of Anegawa in 1570, Asakura attacks and Siege of Odani Castle in 1573, the Ise-Nagashima attacks in 1574, and the Battle of Nagashino in 1575 etc.
Japanese: 武勇にも優れ、1568年の北畠具教・北畠具房との戦いにて初陣を飾ると、1569年の伊勢国大河内城攻めや1570年の姉川の戦い、1573年の朝倉攻めと小谷城攻め、1574年の伊勢長島攻め、1575年の長篠の戦いなどに従軍して、武功を挙げている。
English: In 1582, when Nobunaga was killed in the Honnoji Incident, he protected Nobunaga's wife and children in Azuchi Castle and retreated with his father to Hino Castle (Nakano Castle) where he was the lord, thereby indicating his opposition to Mitsuhide AKECHI.
Japanese: 1582年、信長が本能寺の変により横死すると、安土城にいた信長の妻子を保護し、父とともに居城・日野城（中野城）へ走って明智光秀に対して対抗姿勢を示した。
English: Mitsuhide captured a number of castles with Mitsuharu AKECHI, Motoaki TAKEDA, Takatsugu KYOGOKU and others including Nagahama Castle at Omi (Omi Province), Sawayama Castle and Azuchi Castle, but was defeated and killed just as he was about to lay siege to Hino.
Japanese: 光秀は明智光春、武田元明、京極高次らに近江の長浜城(近江国)、佐和山城、安土城の各城を攻略させ、次に日野攻囲に移る手筈だったが、直前に敗死した。
English: He was prominent in the Kiyosu Conference and followed instructions from Hideyoshi who had assumed power and was continuing Nobunaga's unification efforts; he fought in the Komaki and Nagakute battles of 1584, the Ki no kuni (Ki Province) attacks of 1585, the Kyushu Campaign of 1587 and the Odawara Campaign of 1590 etc.
Japanese: 清洲会議で優位に立ち、信長の統一事業を引き継いだ秀吉に従い、天正12年（1584年）の小牧・長久手の戦いや天正13年（1585年）の紀伊国攻め、天正15年（1587年）の九州征伐や1590年の小田原征伐などに従軍する。
English: Meanwhile, in 1588 he measured up a site for a new castle at Yoihonomori Yagawasho in Iitaka County, and built Matsuzaka Castle.
Japanese: その間、天正16年（1588年）には飯高郡矢川庄四五百森（よいほのもり）で新城建築のための縄張りを行い、松坂城を築城。
English: Following the success of a series of unifying activities and the Oshu-shioki (repression of the Oshu District) in 1590 he was granted land with yield of 420,000 koku a year (and subsequently land with a yield of 920,000 koku) between Ise and Aizu, Mutsu Province.
Japanese: 一連の統一事業に関わった功により、天正18年（1590年）の奥州仕置において伊勢より陸奥国会津に移封され42万石（のちの検地・加増により92万石）の大領を与えられた。
English: Circa 1585 he was told to change his name back from Masuhide to Ujisato by Hideyoshi HASHIBA, the strongman at that time, who felt disrespected in the first character "hide" of his own name (Hide-yoshi) being the second character in Masu-hide.
Japanese: なお、松ヶ島時代（天正13年（1585年）頃）に賦秀から氏郷と名乗りを改めているが、これは当時の実力者だった羽柴"秀"吉の名乗りの一字を下に置く『賦秀』という名が不遜であろうという気配りからであった。
English: In July 1587 Hideyoshi then honored him by bestowing on him the family name 'HASHIBA.'
Japanese: 一方、天正15年（1587年）7月には、秀吉から「羽柴」の姓を賜っている。
English: In Aizu, the town of Kurokawa had its name changed to 'Wakamatsu' and a castle was measured out built in the Koshu style.
Japanese: 会津においては、町の名を黒川から「若松」へと改め、甲州流の縄張りによる城作りを行った。
English: Note that, the name 'Wakamatsu' (literally 'young pine') comes from 'Wakamatsu-no-mori' (literally 'young pine grove') which was in the vicinity of the approach to Umamiokawatamuki-jinja Shrine (the Gamo clan's family shrine near present day Murai, Hino-cho, Gamo-gun, Shiga Prefecture) and close to Matsuhide's birthplace, Hinode Castle (Nakano Castle), also the 'Matsu' of 'Matsuzaka' is also the kanji character for pine and is said to have the same roots.
Japanese: なお、「若松」の名は、出身地の日野城（中野城）に近い馬見岡綿向神社（現在の滋賀県蒲生郡日野町(滋賀県)村井にある神社、蒲生氏の氏神）の参道周辺にあった「若松の杜」に由来し、同じく領土であった松坂の「松」という一文字もこの松に由来すると言われている。
English: The castle had a 7-story tower (the existing 5-story tower is based on one built in the Kanei era (1624 - 1644)) and was named after Ujisato's childhood name as "Tsuraga Castle" (literally Crane Castle).
Japanese: 7層の天守閣（現存する5層の復元天守は寛永年間に改築されたものを元にしている）を有するこの城は、氏郷の幼名にちなみ鶴ヶ城と名付けられた。
English: Merchants of the former domains of Hino and Matsuzaka were welcomed to the town, regular scheduled markets were organized, free markets and free guilds were introduced and handicrafts were encouraged etc, all of which laid the foundations for development in the Aizu domain in the Edo period.
Japanese: 具体的には、旧領の日野・松阪の商人の招聘、定期市の開設、楽市楽座の導入、手工業の奨励等により、江戸時代の会津藩の発展の礎を築いた。
English: Thereafter, Ujisato continued fighting against the former lord of Aizu, Masamune DATE, and suppressed the Osaki/Kasai Ikki Uprisings in 1591 (at this point he notified Hideyoshi, accusing Masasume of being the instigator) and, suppressing the Masazane KUNOHE Rebellion.
Japanese: 以降は、会津の旧領主である伊達政宗と度々対立しながらも、1591年の大崎・葛西一揆（なお、この際秀吉に対し「政宗が一揆を扇動している」との告発を行っている）、九戸政実の乱を制圧。
English: However he fell sick during the campaign and, after returning to Japan, passed away in 1595 at the Gamo residence in Fushimi, Kyoto.
Japanese: この陣中にて体調を崩し、文禄4年（1595年）2月7日、京都の伏見蒲生屋敷において死去。
English: Ujisato was succeeded as the head of the Gamo household by Hideyuki a legitimate child from his marriage with Ieyasu's daughter, but following inappropriate behavior by Hideyuki's wife the family had to move to Utsunomiya City at a reduced stipend of 120,000 koku (Kagekatsu UESUGI took control of Aizu).
Japanese: 蒲生家の家督は家康の娘との縁組を条件に嫡子の秀行が継いだが、家内不穏の動きから宇都宮市に移され12万石に減封された（会津には上杉景勝が入った）。
English: He took great care of his vassals and was interested in the tea ceremony, numbering among the Rikyu shichitetsu (Rikyu's seven sages) (after SEN no Rikyu's death, he let Rikyu's son (SEN no Shoan) stay in his home), and he was very popular with a number of daimyo (feudal lords) and considered to be refined and intelligent.
Japanese: 家臣を大切にし、また茶湯にも興味を示して利休七哲の一人（筆頭）にまで数えられており（千利休の死後、その子息千少庵は氏郷の許で蟄居している）、諸大名からの人望が厚く、風流の利発人と評される。
English: He excelled at Waka (a form of traditional Japanese poetry) and en-route to the Bunroku Campaign front, at Musa in Omi no kuni (Omi Province) composed a famous traditional Japanese Waka poem recollecting his birthplace: 'Memories and people's thoughts are shaped by their hometown; which I view differently.'
Japanese: また和歌にも秀でており、会津から文禄の役に参陣途上、近江国武佐にて故郷日野を偲んで詠んだ歌「思ひきや人の行方ぞ定めなき我が故郷をよそに見んとは」が有名。
English: He also had the habit of assigning the Gamo surname to meritorious vassals; it was best to have fewer family members with the same name, but he mass produced them, earning the rebuke of Toshiie MAEDA.
Japanese: 奇癖として有功の家臣に蒲生姓を乱発し、家中に稀少なるべき同名衆を大量生産することがあり、前田利家にたしなめられている。
English: For this reason, within the Gamo household there were many vassals with the surname "Gamo" (Yorisato GAMO/ Satoie GAMO, etc.).
Japanese: 蒲生家中に蒲生姓の家臣が多いのはこのことによる（蒲生頼郷・蒲生郷舎など）。
English: Also, because of his friendship with Ukon TAKAYAMA he became a Christian and took the Christian name "Leon."
Japanese: また、高山右近とも親交があったためにキリシタンとなり、レオンという洗礼名を持っていた。
English: He frequently sent messages to Rome and received a message of thanks from the Pope of the day.
Japanese: ローマにも度々使いを送り、時のローマ教皇から感謝の手紙を受けている。
English: During the Matsuzaka era, Ujisato brought many merchants and tradespersons from Hino to help build the town, but was transferred out of Aizu before the work was completed and the subsequently assigned Kazutada HATTORI and Shigekatsu FURUTA were left to carry on the work.
Japanese: 松坂時代、日野から多くの商人や職人を引き連れて松坂の街づくりを推進したが、会津転封により完成を見届けることは出来ず、あとに入ってきた服部一忠、古田重勝に引き継がれた。
English: Many merchants and tradespersons were bought to Aizu from Matsuzaka and Hino, and efforts were made to develop Aizu lacquerware and other goods.
Japanese: 会津でも日野や松坂から多くの商人や職人を連れ、会津塗などの発展に力を尽くした。
English: Takatoshi MITSUI of the Mitsui family, the founder of Mitsukoshi (a venerable department store chain in Japan) was one merchant who Ujisato called upon to shift from Hino to Matsuzaka and later to Aizu, but he resisted going to Aizu and his family remained in Matsuzaka.
Japanese: なお、三越の創始者である三井高利の三井家は、日野から松阪に移った際呼び寄せられた商家の一つであり、氏郷会津移封の際に誘いを断って松阪に残った家である。
English: In the "Jozankidan" it is recorded that Ujisato, on being granted land with a yield of 920,000 koku in Mutsu, said 'even with a large estate, in a rural backwater like Ou there is no way to achieve my ambitions.'
Japanese: 『常山紀談』には、陸奥92万石を与えられたとき、氏郷は「たとえ大領であっても、奥羽のような田舎にあっては本望を遂げることなどできぬ。
English: Also, 'even if the role was humble, if I were close to the capital, I could visit the court,' he is said to have loudly lamented.
Japanese: 小身であっても、都に近ければこそ天下をうかがうことができるのだ」と激しく嘆いたと言われる。
English: He was know to have been very fond of Sanzaburo NAGOYA, one of a trio of handsome youths in the Sengoku perod (Warring States period).
Japanese: 戦国時代三大美少年のひとり名古屋山三郎を小姓として寵愛したことも、よく知られている。
English: A message from Date family was found, so the story goes, when the boy passed through a checkpoint and he was imprisoned, only to be released on account of his 'admirable loyalty to Date.'
Japanese: だが関所で伊達家との通信文が見つかりこの刺客は牢に繋がれたが、「伊達に対する忠義、天晴れなり」と刺客を解放したとの逸話が残る。
English: It is said that when Ujisato came to Nobunaga ODA as a hostage, Nobunaga realized his abilities at a single glance and promised his daughter Princess Fuyu's hand in marriage.
Japanese: 織田信長は人質としてやってきた氏郷を見て一目でその実力と才能を見抜き、娘の冬姫を与えることを約束したという。
English: There is a theory that Hideyoshi or one of his close associates such as Mitsunari ISHIDA, Masamune DATE, or Kanetsugu NAOE etc poisoned but this has been largely repudiated for the following reasons.
Japanese: 秀吉やその側近・石田三成、あるいは伊達政宗、直江兼続などによる毒殺説もあるが、下記の理由によりほぼ否定されている。
English: "Tenshou Era (1573 - 1592) Medical Chronicle," the clinical notes of Gensaku MANASE, the physician who saw Ujisato, there is a record of a military leader who fell ill at Nagoya castle en-route to the Bunroku Campaign and had symptoms of jaundice with swelling under the eyes.
Japanese: 氏郷を診断した医師・曲直瀬玄朔が残したカルテ「医学天正記」には文禄の役の主兵の途中、既に名護屋城で発病し黄疸、目下にも浮腫などの症状が出たと記されている。
English: From Gensaku's notes, it can also be inferred that Ujisato was suffering from what is referred to today as rectal/pancreatic cancer.
Japanese: その他の玄朔の診断内容から、氏郷は今でいう直腸癌または膵臓癌だったと推測されている。
English: Also, in "Person's Deathbed Reference," Futaro YAMADA comments 'this is a fine example of a poem by a military commander of the Warring State period.'
Japanese: また、山田風太郎は『人間臨終図鑑』の中で、「この句は戦国武将の絶唱としては白眉である」と評している。
English: Ujisato was buried at Obai-in Daitoku-ji Temple in Kita-ku, Kyoto City and, Kotoku-ji Temple Aizuwakamatsu City, Fukushima Prefecture (deceased's hair).
Japanese: 京都市北区(京都市)の大徳寺黄梅院、福島県会津若松市の興徳院（遺髪）。
English: The grave in Obai-in was recently excavated, revealing a figure embracing a sword.
Japanese: 近年、黄梅院にある墓を発掘したところ、刀を抱いた形で埋葬されていたことが判明。
English: Sadaharu SHINDO (1497 – 1551) was a military commander during Japan's Sengoku period (Warring State period) and was chief vassal of the Rokkaku clan.
Japanese: 進藤貞治（しんどうさだはる、明応6年（1497年）－天文(元号)20年（1551年））は日本の戦国時代_(日本)の武将で、近江の六角氏の重臣。
English: As lord of Konohama Castle and one of the 'The Two Fuji of the Rokkaku Clans,' the other half being the Goto clan (the kanji for "do" and "to" in "Shindo" and "Goto" are the same, and may be read as "fuji," meaning wisteria) he was an important man.
Japanese: 木浜城主であり、後藤氏とともに「六角氏の両藤」と呼ばれて重用された。
English: Sadaharu had excellent diplomatic skills and, among other successes, is said to have brokered peace between the shoguns of the day, Yoshiharu ASHIKAGA and Harumoto HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 外交手腕に優れ、時の将軍・足利義晴と細川晴元の和睦を仲介したりなど、多くの功績を立てたと言われている。
English: He is sometimes referred to as a 'Rokkaku Councilor' along with Katahide GAMO, Sadatake HIRAI and other.
Japanese: なお、蒲生賢秀や平井定武らとともに、「六角の六家老」と称されることもある。
English: Yoshitaka ROKKAKU/ Shotei ROKKAKU was a military commander from the Sengoku period (period of warring state) through to the Azuchi-Momoyama era.
Japanese: 六角義賢/六角承禎（ろっかくよしかた/ろっかくしょうてい）は、戦国時代(日本)から安土桃山時代にかけての武将。
English: He did rule in association with his father, Sayori, during in his father's later years; he assisted his father and the husband of his elder sister (Harumoto HOSOKAWA) in battles with Nagayoshi MIYOSHI (Battle of Eguchi).
Japanese: 父・定頼の晩年から共同統治を行ない、父と共に姉婿に当たる細川晴元を援助して三好長慶と戦った（江口の戦い）。
English: In 1552 upon the death of his father he became head of the Rokkaku family,
Japanese: 天文(日本)21年（1552年）、父の死去により家督を継いで六角家の当主となる。
English: Following his father's death, Yoshitaka assisted the 13th Shogun Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA and Harumoto HOSOKAWA in battles with Nagayoshi MIYOSHI, but the military superiority of this group over the Miyoshi family was reversed and a string of battles were lost.
Japanese: 父の死後も、第13代将軍・足利義輝や細川晴元を助けて三好長慶と戦うが、優勢であった三好家との勢力差が逆転し、敗戦し続けた。
English: However, Yoshitaka acted as an intermediary in the reconciliation between Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA and Nagayoshi MIYOSHI in 1558, allowing Yoshiteru to return to Kyoto and preserve his honor.
Japanese: しかし永禄元年（1558年）、足利義輝と三好長慶の和睦を仲介することで義輝を京都に戻し、面目を保っている。
English: Hisamasa AZAI of North Omi Province who had been subjugated Yoshitaka's father used this as an opportunity to launch an invasion of the Rokkaku fiefdom.
Japanese: しかしこれを契機に、父の時代に従属していた北近江の浅井久政が六角領に対して侵攻を開始する。
English: In 1559 Yoshitaka retired and became a monk, going by the name Joutei. His eldest son Yoshiji inherited the role of family head.
Japanese: 永禄2年（1559年）に嫡男の義治に家督を譲って隠居し、剃髪して承禎と号した。
English: In 1560 Hisamasa AZAI's heir Nagamasa AZAI launched a rebellion against the Rokkaku family.
Japanese: 永禄3年（1560年）、浅井久政の嫡男・浅井長政が六角家に対して反抗を開始する。
English: To suppress the rebellion, Yoshitaka personally led a large army himself but suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of the AZAI forces led by Nagamasa (Battle of Norada).
Japanese: 義賢はこれを討伐するために大軍を自ら率いたが、長政率いる浅井軍の前に大敗を喫した（野良田の戦い）。
English: Through this battle Yoshitaka formed an alliance Yoshitatsu SAITO, whom up to that point he had seen as an enemy, and thus broadened opposition to the Azai clan, but the tide of war had turned against them.
Japanese: この敗戦により、それまで敵視していたと言われる斎藤義龍とも同盟関係を結び、対浅井氏の戦を繰り広げていくが、戦況は芳しくはなかった。
English: In 1563, in what is known as "Kannonji family feud," Yoshiji, now the head of the family, brutally murdered the popular and powerful vassal Katatoyo GOTO in Kannonji Castle.
Japanese: 永禄6年（1563年）、当主の義治が、最有力の重臣で人望もあった後藤賢豊を観音寺城内で惨殺するという事件が起こった（観音寺騒動）。
English: This rapidly spread distrust amongst the many vassals of the Rokkoku family and led to Yoshitaka and Yoshiji being chased from the Kannonji Castle.
Japanese: これにより、家臣の多くが六角家に対して不信感を爆発させ、義賢も義治と共に観音寺城から追われるまでに至った。
English: Through the intermediation of the key vassals Sadahide GAMO and Katahide GAMO, Yoshitaka and Yoshiji were permitted to return to Kannonji Castle.
Japanese: 重臣の蒲生定秀、蒲生賢秀の仲介で義賢父子は観音寺城に戻ることができた。
English: In 1566 Nagamasa AZAI launched an invasion of the Rokkaku fiefdom and it took an enormous effort on the part of the Rokkaku family to hold them back.
Japanese: 永禄9年（1566年）には浅井長政が六角領に対して侵攻を開始するが、もはやそれを食い止めるだけで精一杯だった。
English: In 1568, under orders from Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, Nobunaga ODA began to advance on the capital, but when Nobunaga asked the Rokkaku family to provide a contingent of troops, they refused and fought a battle against Oda's troops.
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年）、織田信長が足利義昭を奉じて上洛を開始すると、信長の援軍要請を拒絶して織田軍と戦った。
English: A short time later Nobunaga arrived in Kyoto to face Yoshiaki but was surrounded by Yoshiaki, whereupon Yoshitaka formed an alliance with his former enemies Nagamasa AZAI and the Miyoshi clan, gathered together his former vassals and waged a guerilla-style battle on Nobunaga's forces in South Omi.
Japanese: やがて上洛した信長と義昭が対立し、義昭によって信長包囲網が形成されると、義賢は義治と共に仇敵であった浅井長政や三好氏らと手を結び、旧臣をかき集めてゲリラ的に南近江で織田軍と戦った。
English: In 1570, Yoshitaka attacked Nobunaga's senior vassal Katsuie SHIBATA who was entrenched at Chokoji Castle in South Omi, but was defeated.
Japanese: 元亀元年（1570年）には南近江の長光寺城に立て籠もる信長の重臣・柴田勝家と戦ったが、敗れてしまう。
English: At the command of Nobunaga, he was put in the custody of Nobumori SAKUMA and confined to Ishibe Castle.
Japanese: 信長の命令により、佐久間信盛にその身柄を預けられ、石部城に監禁された。
English: Thereafter, it has been said that he rallied the people of Koga and Iga provinces and continued to resist Nobunaga, that he lived in seclusion, that he was receiving help from Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple, and even that he was baptized as a Christian in 1581, but there is no clear information on this point.
Japanese: その後も甲賀や伊賀の国人を糾合して信長に抗戦したとも、隠棲していたとも、石山本願寺の扶助を受けていたとも、天正9年（1581年）にキリシタンの洗礼を受けたとも言われるが、はっきりしていない。
English: Yoshitaka died in 1598, the same year as Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who seized power across the breadth of Japan.
Japanese: 天下の実権を掌握した豊臣秀吉が死去した慶長3年（1598年）に義賢も死去している。
English: Yoshitaka was a master of archery on horseback and learnt Heki School style (Yoshida School) archery from a vassal named Shigemasa YOSHIDA, and he gained proficiency and became skilful solely through instruction by this one individual (refer to Heki School for full details).
Japanese: 義賢は弓馬の名手で、弓術は家臣の吉田重政に日置流（吉田流）を学び、唯授一人の印可を受けた腕前であった（経緯については日置流参照）。
English: Nakatoki HOJO (1306- June 29, 1333) was a Rokuhara Commissioner during the latter stages of the Kamakura shogunate (Northern side).
Japanese: 北条仲時（ほうじょうなかとき、徳治元年（1306年）-元弘3年/正慶2年5月9日(旧暦)（1333年6月20日））は、鎌倉幕府最後の六波羅探題（北方）である。
English: He was the son of Mototoki HOJO, the 13th Regent to the Shogun, and a member of the Hojo clan (Fuonji branch) which had split from the Gokurakuji branch of the Hojo clan.
Japanese: 北条氏(極楽寺流)の分かれ北条氏(普恩寺流)で、第13代執権の北条基時の子。
English: In 1331 during the Genko War he raised an army and laid siege to Mt. Kasagi (Kasagi-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto Prefecture), attacking Emperor Godaigo and banishing him to Oki no shima Island.
Japanese: 1331年（元弘元年）の元弘の変で、挙兵して笠置山（京都府相楽郡笠置町）に篭城した後醍醐天皇を攻め、天皇を隠岐島に配流する。
English: In 1333, while Godaigo ordered Takauji ASHIKAGA to raise an army and attack Rokuhara, Tokimasu HOJO the Rokuhara Commissioner (Southern side) together with Emperor Kogon and Emperor Hanazono escaped to the Eastern Provinces, but were attacked on the way in Omi Province (present day Shiga Prefecture) by brigands, and Tokimasu died in resulting the fight, and at Banba-toge (Banba Range) in the same province (present day Maibara City, Shiga Prefecture) Nakatoki was attacked by brigands for a second time.
Japanese: 1333年（元弘3年/正慶2年）、後醍醐の綸旨を受けて挙兵に応じた足利尊氏（高氏）に六波羅を攻められ、六波羅探題南方の北条時益とともに、光厳天皇や花園天皇を伴って東国へ落ち延びようとしたが、道中の近江国（滋賀県）で野伏に襲われて時益は討死し、仲時は同国番場峠（滋賀県米原市）で再び野伏に襲われた。
English: Then, with Doyo SASAKI's forces blocking the way, Nagatoki committed suicide at Renge-ji Temple at Banba (present day Yonehara City) together with 432 members of his family.
Japanese: さらには佐々木道誉の軍勢に行く手を阻まれ、番場の蓮華寺(米原市)で一族432人と共に自刃した。
English: MINAMOTO no Yoshiie was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Heian period and the grandson of MINAMOTO no Yorinobu of the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan).
Japanese: 源義家（みなもとのよしいえ）は、平安時代後期の武将で、河内源氏の源頼信の孫。
English: As the ancestor of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who established the Kamakura bakufu (military government) and Takauji ASHIKAGA who founded the Muromachi bakufu, he was often portrayed as a hero by later generations and there are many anecdotes about him.
Japanese: 後に武家政権鎌倉幕府を開いた源頼朝、そして室町幕府の足利尊氏の祖先に当たることから後世に英雄視され、様々な逸話が生み出される。
English: He served as a guard for the Emperor Shirakawa during his imperial visits and suppressed rebelling Mount Hiei monks, but after becoming Mutsu no kuni no kami (the governor of Mutsu Province), he interfered in the internal conflict of the Kiyohara clan, triggering the Later Three Years' War which, although he sought official post-war consent, was declared 'a private feud' by the court.
Japanese: 比叡山等の強訴の頻発に際し、その鎮圧や白河天皇の行幸の護衛に活躍するが、陸奥国守となったとき、清原氏の内紛に介入して後三年の役を起こし、朝廷に事後承認を求めるが、朝廷は「私戦」として官符を下さなかった。
English: For the next ten years he was under house arrest, but he was allowed to visit the imperial palace with Emperor Shirakawa's consent, although Udaijin (Minister of the Right) Nakamikado, also as known as FUJIWARA no Munetada, wrote in his diary, "Chuyu-ki" (dated October 23, 1099), 'Minamoto no Asomi (second highest of the eight hereditary titles) is the Emperor's best and bravest bushi.
Japanese: その後約10年間は閉塞状態であったが、白河天皇の意向で昇殿を許されたが、中御門右大臣・藤原宗忠はその日記『中右記』承徳2年10月23日条に「義家朝臣は天下第一武勇の士なり。
English: He was active at a time when the political system was shifting from a regency government (Sekkan seiji) to government by a retired emperor (In-sei), resulting in huge political, economic and social changes.
Japanese: その活動時期は摂関政治から院政に移り変わる頃であり、政治経済はもとより社会秩序においても大きな転換の時代にあたる。
English: As a result, historians believe that, since Yoshiie represented the new rising bushi class, his treatment by the imperial court over the Later Three Years' War was a 'conspiracy of Shirakawain (Retired Emperor Shirakawa)' or a 'conspiracy of the Sekkan-ke (the five houses of the Fujiwara clan that usually held the regency).'
Japanese: このため歴史学者からは、義家は新興武士勢力の象徴ともみなされ、後三年の役の朝廷の扱いも「白河院の陰謀」「摂関家の陰謀」など様々な憶測がされてきた。
English: There are various theories about the dates of his birth and death and they remain uncertain, but many references point out that he died at the age of 68, and by calculating back from the most reliable "Chuyu-ki" entry, dated July 15, 1106, it is mostly likely that he was born in 1039.
Japanese: 生没とも諸説あってはっきりしないが、68歳で死去とする史料が多く、またその没年は、史料としての信頼性が最も高い『中右記』1106年（嘉承1）7月15日条から逆算し、1039年（長暦3）の生まれとする説が有力である。
English: There are theories that he was the eldest son of MINAMOTO no Yoriyoshi, born in Koroho residence in Kamakura (present day Tsuboi, Habikino City, Osaka Prefecture), but they remain within the realm of conjecture.
Japanese: 源頼義の長男として、河内源氏の本拠地である河内国石川郡壷井（現大阪府羽曳野市壷井）の香炉峰の館に生まれたという説、鎌倉で生まれたとの説もあるが、いずれも伝承の域を出ない。
English: He went through the genpuku (Coming of Age) ceremony at Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine, outside Kyoto, during the spring of his seventh year and took the name Hachimantaro.
Japanese: 七歳の春に、京都郊外の石清水八幡宮で元服したことから八幡太郎と称す。
English: His father Yoriyoshi, who held the titles Chinjufu Shogun (Commander-in-Chief of the Defense of North) and Mutsu no kami (the governer of Mutsu Province), suffered a great defeat at the Battle of Kiumi resulting in several hundred casualties in November 1057 during the Earlier Nine Years' War against the Abe clan.
Japanese: 鎮守府将軍、陸奥守に任ぜられた父頼義が安倍氏(奥州)と戦った前九年の役では、1057年（天喜5）11月に数百の死者を出し大敗した黄海の戦いを経験。