nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Following a proposal of severe punishment of 'execution for leading figures and deportation for other general Christians' made by Sawa and Inoue, the government held a conference in the presence of the emperor in Osaka on May 17 to discuss the proposed punishment.
Japanese: 沢と井上から「中心人物の処刑と一般信徒の流罪」という厳罰の提案を受けた政府では4月25日（5月17日）に大阪で御前会議を開いてこれを討議した。
English: Tatewaki KOMATSU, who was responsible for diplomacy, called for the consideration of protests by foreign ministers that the government was currently facing, and the conference adopted 'deportation of Christians.'
Japanese: 諸外国公使からの抗議が行われている現状を考慮するよう外交担当の小松帯刀が主張し「信徒の流罪」が決定した。
English: Negotiations with foreign ministers on the following day saw more fierce protests against the decision of the conference, with the discussion on the Urakami Christian problem between the British minister, Harry PARKES, and others and government representatives, including Shigenobu OKUMA, lasting more than six hours.
Japanese: この決定に対し、翌日の外国公使との交渉の席でさらに激しい抗議が行われ、英国公使ハリー・パークスらと大隈重信ら政府代表者たちは六時間にもわたって浦上の信徒問題を議論することになった。
English: Dajokan tasshi (proclamation by the Grand Council of State) was issued on June 7, 1868 to provide for deportation for the captured Christians.
Japanese: 1868年6月7日（慶応4年閏4月17日）、太政官達が示され、捕縛された信徒の流罪が示された。
English: On July 9, Takayoshi KIDO visited Nagasaki to discuss how to punish them and decided to transport 114 leading Christians to Tsuwano, Hagi, and Fukuyama.
Japanese: 5月20日、木戸孝允が長崎を訪れて処分を協議し、信徒の中心人物114名を津和野、萩、福山へ移送することを決定した。
English: Thereafter, until 1870, Christians in Nagasaki were captured and sentenced to deportation one after another.
Japanese: 以降、1870年（明治3年）まで続々と長崎の信徒たちは捕縛されて流罪に処された。
English: At the place of exile, they were continued to be subjected to torture and lynching over and over, such as torture by water, snow, ice, fire, and starvation, locking in a box, crucifixion, and torture of children before their parents' eyes, which was more terrible, gruesome and brutal than in the old Shogunate period.
Japanese: 彼らは流刑先で数多くの拷問・私刑を加えられ続けたが、それは水責め、雪責め、氷責め、火責め、飢餓拷問、箱詰め、磔、親の前でその子供を拷問するなどその過酷さと陰惨さ・残虐さは旧幕時代以上であった。
English: Ministers from various countries made repeated protests against the Japanese government while reporting what was going on to their countries.
Japanese: 各国公使は、事の次第を本国に告げ、日本政府に繰り返し抗議を行なった。
English: Furthermore, in the following year, the Iwakura Mission, led by Tomomi IWAKURA, was strongly criticized at each destination by the U.S. President Ulysses S. GRANT, Queen of England Victoria, and Danish King Christian IX for the anti-Christian policy, which made the Mission members realize that the Meiji Government's crackdown on Christianity was the biggest obstacle to the revision of unequal treaties.
Japanese: さらに翌年、岩倉具視以下岩倉使節団一行が、訪問先のアメリカ大統領ユリシーズ・S・グラント、英女王ヴィクトリア(イギリス女王)、デンマーク王クリスチャン9世(デンマーク王)らに、禁教政策を激しく非難され、明治政府のキリスト教弾圧が不平等条約改正の最大のネックであることを思い知らされることになった。
English: In the U.S. and European countries the newspapers all criticized the villainous outrage and public opinion also grew stronger, so the then Japanese charge d'affaires to the U.S., Arinori MORI, wrote "Religious Freedom in Japan" stating that it was difficult to hold on to the anti-Christian policy, which was followed by some people including Mokurai SHIMAJI, a Buddhist monk of West Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 欧米各国では新聞がこぞってこの悪辣な暴挙を非難し世論も硬化していたため、当時の駐米少弁務使森有礼は『日本宗教自由論』をあらわして禁教政策の継続の難しさを訴え、西本願寺僧侶島地黙雷らもこれにならった。
English: Conservatives in the government, however, were once advocates for the revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians movement, and strongly opposed the abolishment of the Ban on Christianity without hiding their hostility to Christianity, saying that 'Shinto is the state religion (to establish Shinto as a state religion), so the religion from other countries should be removed' and that 'Europe and the U.S. are unlikely to immediately agree to revise treaties after lifting the ban on Christianly.'
Japanese: しかしかつて尊皇攘夷運動の活動家であった政府内の保守派は「神道が国教である（神道国教化）以上、異国の宗教を排除するのは当然である」、「キリスト教を解禁しても直ちに欧米が条約改正には応じるとは思えない」とキリスト教への反発を隠さず禁教令撤廃に強硬に反対した。
English: In addition, common people who had long believed that Christianity was "Jasumon" (Heresy) also raised a voice of protest against the lifting of the ban out of fear of Christianity, and due to these circumstances the Japanese government was not willing to remove the ban at all.
Japanese: また長年キリスト教を『邪宗門』と信じてきた一般民衆の間にもキリスト教への恐怖から解禁に反対する声も上がったため、日本政府は一切解禁しようとしなかった。
English: Because of the worsening relations with Shinto and the Meiji Government which had protected Shinto due to the anti-Buddhist movement at the beginning of the Meiji period, the Buddhist world showed some moves to improve such relations by taking advantage of hostility toward Christianity, or "the common enemy."
Japanese: なお、仏教界には廃仏毀釈などで神道とその庇護者である明治政府との関係が悪化していたため、『共通の敵』であるキリスト教への敵対心を利用して関係を改善しようという動きも存在していた。
English: On February 24, 1873, the Japanese government removed the bulletin board banning Christianity and released the Christians.
Japanese: 1873年（明治6年）2月24日、日本政府はキリスト教禁制の高札を撤去し、信徒を釈放した。
English: The surviving Christians strengthened their religious faith while calling their suffering during deportation "journey," and built a church (Urakami Cathedral) in Urakami with which they had been associated in 1879.
Japanese: 生き残った信徒たちは流罪の苦難を「旅」と呼んで信仰を強くし、1879年（明治12年）、故地浦上に聖堂（浦上天主堂）を建てた。
English: Shoden referred to having/giving permission to enter a denjo no ma in the minami hisashi (southern surrounding area) of the seiryoden of dairi (Imperial Palace) to people higher than goi (Fifth Rank) in the rank and people in a position of Rokui no Kurodo (Chamberlain of Sixth Rank) in and after the Heian period.
Japanese: 昇殿（しょうでん）とは、平安時代以降に五位以上の者および六位蔵人の職にある者が内裏清涼殿の南廂にある殿上の間に昇ることを許されること。
English: From the era of Emperor Uda, the emperor's daily whereabouts were fixed in the Seiryoden; therefore, shoden was indispensable for enabling those of suitable rank to participate in ceremonies and public duties or deal with the emperor's personal affairs in their capacity as an attendant and carry out duties such as taking the night watch or waiting on the emperor at table.
Japanese: 宇多天皇の頃より、天皇の日常の居所が清涼殿に定着化され、儀式や公事への参加あるいは天皇に近侍して身辺の雑用や宿直・陪膳などの職務を行うためには昇殿は欠かせないものであった。
English: The selection of shoden was made with each change of emperor, and selected persons, after receiving a senji (imperial decree) called shoden no senji and having their names written on a kan (board), were given shoden permission and allowed to stay in a denjo no ma if necessary.
Japanese: 昇殿は天皇の代替わりごとに選定が行われ、昇殿宣旨（しょうでんのせんじ）と呼ばれる宣旨を受けて、殿上の間に備えられた簡（札）に氏名が記されることで昇殿が認められ、必要に応じて殿上の間に詰めることが許されていた。
English: Daijo Tenno (retired emperors), nyoin (a close female relative of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing), chugu (empresses) and togu (crown prince) also had their own shoden system in their imperial palaces.
Japanese: また、太上天皇や女院、中宮や東宮もそれぞれの御所においても独自の昇殿を行っていた。
English: These people were regarded as lower in rank than naitenjobito who were allowed to enter the dairi.
Japanese: これらは内裏への昇殿が認められた内殿上人よりは格下とみなされていた。
English: However, with the start of the Insei (rule by a retired emperor) period, intenjobito (people who were granted shoden for retired emperor's palace) were put before naitenjobito partly because actual government affairs were transferred to In no cho (Retired Emperor's Office).
Japanese: しかし院政期に入ると実際の政務の場が院庁に移ったこともあり、院殿上人の方が重んじられるようになった。
English: Kugyo (high court noble) were generally given shoden, and Sangi (councilors) in the shii (Fourth Rank) were treated equally with kugyo exceptionally as members of Giseikan (Legislature).
Japanese: 公卿は原則的に昇殿が許され、また四位の参議は議政官の一員として例外的に公卿に準じた扱いが認められていた。
English: However, for political reasons or because of the relationship with the emperor, some people were not given shoden even if they were kugyo, and such people were called "Jige (lower class nobles) no Kandachime."
Japanese: もっとも、政治的な理由や天皇個人との関係を理由として公卿でも昇殿が許されない事例もあり、そういう人々を「地下の上達部」と称した。
English: To give a representative example, MINAMOTO no Yorisada, who had committed adultery with FUJIWARA no Suishi, a shoji (principal handmaid) of Crown Prince Okisada, was not allowed to enter the Imperial Court in spite of the fact that he was already a kugyo by the time Imperial Prince Okisada was enthroned (Emperor Sanjo) ("Okagami" [the Great Mirror]).
Japanese: 代表的な例として東宮居貞親王の尚侍・藤原綏子と密通した源頼定は居貞親王（三条天皇）即位後に既に公卿であるにも関わらず昇殿が許されなかった（『大鏡』）。
English: In later years it became an established custom that shoden was not given to members of Jige family even if they reached jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) or above.
Japanese: また、後世には地下家の者が従三位以上に達しても昇殿を許されない慣例が成立した。
English: On the other hand, it was necessary for people in Shii (Fourth Rank)/goi (Fifth Rank) to receive a shoden no senji in order to have their shoden granted.
Japanese: 一方、四位・五位の者が昇殿を認められるには昇殿宣旨を受ける必要があった。
English: There was a clear-cut distinction between people called tenjobito (high-ranking courtiers who were allowed to enter the Imperial Palace) or Unkaku (same meaning as tenjobito) and Jigenin (court officials who were not Tenjobito) whose shoden was not permitted, which was a basic standard of social status in a court noble society.
Japanese: 殿上人・雲客と呼び、昇殿を許されない地下人との間に明確な区別があり、公家社会における身分基準の基本とされた。
English: There was an exception among tenjobito that Rokui no Kurodo could receive a shoden no senji because it was necessary to perform their duties (in this case the Kurodo dokoro [Office of Imperial Household Logistics] applied for shoden to obtain a senji).
Japanese: なお、殿上人にも例外があり、六位蔵人はその職務上の必要から昇殿宣旨を受けられた（この場合、蔵人所が申請を行って宣旨を得た）。
English: Children and grandchildren of influential persons were allowed to enter denjo no ma in the capacity of Kodoneri (Minor Officer) based on the Oni system (the automatic promotion system in which the persons at the age of 21, whose parents are from Imperial to the fifth rank or whose grandparents are upper than third rank, are conferred an Imperial title).
Japanese: また、摂関家などの有力者の子や孫は蔭位に基づく小舎人の資格で昇殿が許された。
English: If persons were accused of crime and so on, they were given jojaku shobun: their names were removed from a record, their shoden were canceled and the kan with their names on in the Denjo no ma was removed.
Japanese: なお、犯罪などに問われると除籍（じょじゃく）処分によって昇殿が停止されて殿上の間にあった簡が撤去された。
English: People who were once given jojaku shobun could not be appointed any official court rank unless the punishment was canceled/pardoned, so that they had to have their shoden granted again before appointment.
Japanese: また、一度除籍を受けた者は処分が撤回・赦免されない限りは官位の補任を受けられなかったため、その前に再度昇殿が認められる必要があった。
English: This was called kaeri-denjo or kansho/gensho.
Japanese: これを還殿上（かえりでんじょう）・還昇（かんしょう/げんしょう）と呼んだ。
English: In Emperor Uda era there were approximately 30 tenjobito, however they rapidly increased in number both in the dairi and ingosho (the retired Emperor's court) in the Insei (rule by the retired Emperor) period.
Japanese: 宇多天皇の時代には殿上人は30名前後であったが、院政期には内裏・院御所ともに急増した。
English: Therefore, Emperor Gotoba, by canceling a rule of bringing the shoden in his reign into the ingosho, which had been a custom, performed "restructuring" at his abdication, reducing tenjobito from nearly 80 to 44.
Japanese: このため、後鳥羽天皇は退位時にこれまでの慣例であった在位中の昇殿をそのまま院御所に持ち込む規定を取りやめて80名近い殿上人を44名に削減する「リストラ」を断行している。
English: This also had an effect of limiting In no Kinshin (retired Emperor's courtiers) to reliable close advisers and able officials, which was necessary to the Insei management.
Japanese: これはその一方で院近臣を信頼できる側近・能吏に絞り込む効果もあり、院政運営の都合もあった。
English: In 1098, MINAMOTO no Yoshiie was granted in-shoden (access to the retired emperor in the imperial court), and in 1132, TAIRA no Tadamori was granted nai-shoden (access to the inner Court); these landmark events heralded the era of the samurai.
Japanese: また、承徳2年（1098年）には源義家の院昇殿が、天承2年（1132年）には平忠盛の内昇殿が認められ、武士の時代の到来を告げる画期となった。
English: Sankokyukei refers to a generic name for posts of administrative officials in the Qin and Han Dynasties of China.
Japanese: 三公九卿（さんこうきゅうけい）とは、中国の秦漢時代の行政官職の総称である。
English: Originally, it was the term showing ranks of peerage like "Raiki" (Book of Rites) described 'Sankokyukei referred to 27 Daifu (Master) and 81 Genshi.'
Japanese: 元々は『礼記』に「三公九卿二十七大夫八十一元士」などとあるように爵位の等級を表した言葉であった。
English: This came to show the actual government posts in the Qin Dynasty, and Sanko of Josho (Chancellor), Gyoshi taifu (a chief of controlling the officials) and Taii (Minister of military affairs), and Kyukei which was the institution for practical works under Sanko were fixed.
Japanese: これが秦代に実際の官職となり、丞相・御史大夫・太尉の三公及び、その下の実務機関である九卿が固まった。
English: As posts included in Kyukei, Taijo in charge of courtesy and religious service, Korokukun in charge of security of the Imperial Court, Eii in charge of security of the Imperial Palace's gates, Taiboku in charge of vehicles and horses, Teii in charge of justice, Daikoro in charge of serving and treating visitors to the Dynasty, Sosei in charge of treatment of the Imperial family, Daishino in charge of state finance, and Shofu in charge of the Imperial Court's finance existed.
Japanese: 九卿に入る職として礼儀祭祀を担う太常、宮中警備を担う光禄勲、宮門警備を担う衛尉、車馬の管理を担う太僕、司法を担う廷尉、来朝者の応対・接遇を担う大鴻臚、皇族の処遇を担う宗正、国家財政を担う大司農、宮中財政を担う少府などがある。
English: The term "Kyukei" implied a more philosophical meaning, and the term "Shokei" (various lords) was closer to the actual situation.
Japanese: 九卿という呼び名は理念的な意味合いが強く、諸卿という呼び名の方が実態に近い。
English: Nagahama sandoshiyori refers to most influential three families among Nagahama juninshu (10 influential families in Nagahama), 10 representative families of machi-doshiyori (ward head) in townspeople who built the Nagahama-jo Castle town (49 towns and 10 wards) under the order of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: 長浜三年寄（ながはまさんどしより）とは、豊臣秀吉の命を受け長浜城下町（49町・10組）を整備した町人衆のうち、組を代表する町年寄の十家が長浜十人衆と呼ばれており、そのうち更に有力であった三家のことである。
English: Families chosen as the juninshu were the followings: Miyabe, Nishimura, Shimomura, Tanabe in Hon-cho, Ando in Gofuku-machi, Higuchi, Oyori, Kawasaki in Ote-machi, Imamura in Uoya-cho (魚屋町), and Yoshikawa in Funa-machi (舟町).
Japanese: 十人衆に選ばれたのは、本町の宮部・西村・下村・田辺、呉服町の安藤、大手町の樋口・大依・川崎、魚屋町の今村、舟町の吉川家だった。
English: Sandoshiyori were families of Sanzaemon YOSHIKAWA in Funa-machi, Toemon SHIMOMURA in Hon-cho, and Kuroemon ANDO in Gofuku-machi.
Japanese: 三年寄は、舟町の吉川三左衛門家、本町の下村藤右衛門家、呉服町の安藤九郎右衛門家であった。
English: In the Edo period, four families of Miyabe, Nishimura, Higuchi, and Oyori came to an end and in the end of the Edo period, six families of Sanzaemon (Gosuke) YOSHIKAWA, Toemon (Toshichi) SHIMOMURA, Dendayu (Kudayu) TANABE, Genbe KAWASAKI, and Toemon IMAMURA were left.
Japanese: 江戸時代になると、宮部・西村・樋口・大依の四家が絶え、幕末には吉川三左衛門（五助）、下村藤右衛門（藤七）、田辺伝太夫（九太夫）、安藤九郎右衛門、川崎源兵衛、今村藤右衛門の六家となった。
English: At the present day, the Ando family remains as one of the sightseeing spots in Motohama Town, Nagahama City, but the sites of the Yoshikawa and Shimomura families were bought by Denbei SHIMOGO (the first) who had a relation to the families by marriage, the site of the Yoshikawa family has been used as Nagahama municipal kindergarten, and the site of the Shimomura family has been used by Shimogo Kyosaikai foundation after used as Shiga prefectural Daiichi Elementary School (from 1871 to 1874, present day Nagahama municipal elementary school).
Japanese: 現在、長浜市元浜町の安藤家は観光地として残っているが、吉川家・下村家は跡地として、縁戚関係にあった下郷傳平（初代）が購入しており、北船町の吉川家跡地が長浜市立長浜幼稚園、西本町の下村家跡地が滋賀県第一小学校（明治4年～7年・現長浜市立長浜小学校）を経て財団法人下郷共済会となっている。
English: Koka fifty-three families refers to jizamurai (local samurai) fifty-three families in Koka, who stood by Rokkaku clan's side in 'Siege of Magari,' who later became the center families of Koga-ryu school ninjutsu (ninja techniques).
Japanese: 甲賀五十三家（こうがごじゅうさんけ）は、「鈎の陣」にて六角氏に味方した甲賀の地侍五十三家のことであり、後の甲賀流忍術の中心となった家々である。
English: The Yamanaka family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Toshifusa YAMANAKA, Nagatoshi YAMANAKA, Toshiyoshi YAMANAKA, Judaifu YAMANAKA, Toshisada YAMANAKA and Toshimasa YAMANAKA.
Japanese: 山中家-一族の著名人物として山中俊房・山中長俊・山中俊好・山中十太夫・山中俊定・山中俊正がいる。
English: The Taki family - As the famous persons in the family, there were Kazuuji NAKAMURA, Kanpachi TAKI and Hida no kami TAKI.
Japanese: 多喜(滝)家-一族の著名人物として中村一氏・多喜勘八・瀧飛騨守がいる。
English: The Mochizuki clan, Koga Mochizuki clan (Omi Province) - As the famous persons in the family, there were Yoshimune MOCHIZUKI, Hyotayu MOCHIZUKI and Yoemon MOCHIZUKI.
Japanese: 望月氏甲賀望月氏（近江国）-一族の著名人物として望月吉棟・望月兵太夫・望月与右衛門がいる。
English: Koga Nijuikke (Twenty-one Families of Koga) refers to the most trusted twenty-one families of all the fifty-three families of Koga, which received letters of commendation from the ROKKAKU clan and later played a central role in the Ninjutsu (Ninja Art) of the Koga-ryu School.
Japanese: 甲賀二十一家（こうがにじゅういっけ）は、甲賀五十三家の中でも六角氏より感状を貰うほど信頼の厚かった二十一家を指し、後の甲賀流忍術の中心となった家々である。
English: The Yamanaka Family-the family's well-known figures include Toshifusa YAMANAKA, Nagatoshi YAMANAKA, Toshiyoshi YAMANAKA, and Judayu YAMANAKA.
Japanese: 山中家-一族の著名人物として山中俊房・山中長俊・山中俊好・山中十太夫がいる。
English: The Taki Family-the family's well-known figures include Kazuuji NAKAMURA, Kanpachi TAKI, and TAKI Hida no kami.
Japanese: 多喜（滝）家-一族の著名人物として中村一氏・多喜勘八・瀧飛騨守がいる。
English: The "Ashio Riot" was an event occurred from February 4, 1907 to February 7, that mine workers in Ashio Copper Mine destroyed and set fire to the facilities in the mine.
Japanese: 足尾暴動事件（あしおぼうどうじけん）は、1907年2月4日から2月7日まで、足尾銅山の坑夫らが、鉱山施設などを破壊、放火した事件。
English: In 1903, Tsuruzo NAGAOKA who came from Yubari thought of establishing an organization for mine workers in Ashio, like Dainihon Rodo Shiseikai in Yubari, but it didn't work out at that time.
Japanese: 1903年、夕張からやってきた永岡鶴蔵は、夕張にある大日本労働至誠会と同じような鉱山労働者の組織を足尾でも結成しようと考えたが、この時代にはうまくいかなかった。
English: Later on, Sukematsu MINAMI who came to Ashio Copper Mine from Yubari Cole Mine cooperated with Nagaoka, and they set up Dainihon Rodo Shiseikai, Ashio branch on December 5, 1906.
Japanese: その後、夕張炭鉱から足尾銅山にやってきた南助松は、永岡と協力し、1906年12月5日、大日本労働至誠会足尾支部を結成。
English: At that time in the Ashio Copper Mine, mine workers' complaints were mounting because of their low wages due to the cost for prevention of mineral pollution which was ordered in Ashio Mineral Pollution Incident and their poor working conditions.
Japanese: 当時、足尾銅山は、足尾鉱毒事件で命令された鉱毒防止費用などが負担となり、鉱山労働者の賃金は安く、しかも、労働条件は過酷なもので、労働者の不満は高まっていた。
English: In the morning of February 4, a watch-house in Tsudo mine was destroyed, and dynamites were thrown in.
Japanese: 2月4日午前、通洞抗内で見張り所が破壊され、ダイナマイトが投げ込まれた。
English: Hearing of the riot, Minami and Tsuruzo NAGAOKA came to the mine mouth and persuaded mine workers that they would responsibly negotiate with the operator of the mine to improve the wages and their working conditions.
Japanese: 騒ぎを聞いて坑口にやってきた南と永岡鶴蔵は、賃上げや労働条件の改善は、自分らが責任をもって鉱山側と交渉するからと坑夫らを説得。
English: But the situation didn't settle, and the next day, on February 6, the mine office was attacked in the morning and the director, Teizo MINAMI was assaulted.
Japanese: しかし、事態はおさまらず、翌2月6日は朝から鉱山事務所が襲撃され、所長の南廷三は暴行された。
English: But a voice saying, don't kill, was raised, and Teizo MINAMI was sent to the Mine Hospital directly, and he returned to his work two weeks later.
Japanese: しかし、殺すなという声が上がり、南廷三はそのまま鉱山病院に担ぎ込まれ、2週間後には業務に復帰したという。
English: Furthermore, shortly after ten o'clock in the morning of that day, Sukematsu MINAMI and Tsuruzo NAGAOKA were arrested for solicitation and incitement and escorted to Utsunomiya City, so there was nobody to stop the riot, and this escalated the riot beyond control.
Japanese: さらにこの日午前10時過ぎ、南助松と永岡鶴蔵が、教唆扇動の疑いで逮捕され、宇都宮市に護送されると、逆に暴動を制止する者がいなくなり、収拾のつかない大規模な暴動に発展した。
English: Workers attacked offices, ate and drank what they robbed, and in the afternoon they set fire to the facilities, but it was said that someone ordered to get their hands off money.
Japanese: 労働者らは事務所を襲い、食料や酒を奪って飲み食いしし、午後には施設に放火したが、現金には手をつけるなという指令がどこからか出ていたともいう。
English: On the same day, shortly after eleven o'clock, the police which couldn't control the situation any more sent a telegram asking governor of Tochigi Prefecture for a dispatch of troops.
Japanese: 同日、事態を抑えきれなくなった警察側は、11時過ぎに栃木県知事に出兵要請するよう打電。
English: Three troops were sent to Ashio from Takasaki City, but their arrival was in the afternoon of the next day, February 7.
Japanese: 高崎市から3個中隊が足尾に派遣されたが、到着は翌2月7日午後であった。
English: On this day, there was no particular troubles happened, and as the troops arrived, the persons concerned were arrested.
Japanese: この日はこれといった騒ぎは起こらず、軍隊到着とともに、関係者が逮捕された。
English: It is said that the reason why there was no troubles occurred on that day was because the workers were too tired or because they heard that the troops would come.
Japanese: この日に騒ぎがなかった理由については、前日騒いだせいで、労働者らが疲れ切っていたためという説と、軍隊が来るという情報が伝わったためという説がある。
English: There were three main mine mouths (Honzan, Kotaki, and Tsudo), and only Kotaki did not participate in the riot.
Japanese: なお、3つある主な坑口（本山、小滝、通洞）のうち、小滝坑口だけは暴動に参加しなかった。
English: After the riot, the operator of the mine once fired every worker, and rehired only those who could be identified.
Japanese: 事件後、銅山側は全従業員をいったん解雇し、身元の明らかなものだけを再雇用した。
English: This dissolved Shiseikai, but the operator of the mine accepted to raise the wage by 20 %, and as the damage of the facilities was extensive, the operator didn't gain much benefits from this riot, either.
Japanese: これにより、至誠会は解体されたが、銅山側は2割の賃金アップをのみ、また、施設の被害も甚大だったことから、この騒動では銅山側も大きな利益はなかったとみられる。
English: At the trial, prosecutors claimed Shiseikai for solicitation of the riot, but this claim was rejected, and both Sukematsu MINAMI and Tsuruzo NAGAOKA were sentenced innocent.
Japanese: 裁判では検察側は至誠会が暴動を示唆したと主張したが、この主張は認められず、南助松と永岡鶴蔵には無罪の判決がおりた。
English: In the later research by Kazuo NIMURA, a popular theory is that a head of hanba (accommodation for mine workers) provoked workers, and this was the direct opener.
Japanese: 後の二村一夫の研究では、直接のきっかけは飯場頭が労働者側を挑発したという説が有力になっている。
English: In June on the same year, a riot occurred in Besshi Copper Mine, and it is said to had been spilled over from Ashio Riot.
Japanese: 同年6月には別子銅山でも暴動が起きているが、足尾暴動事件が飛び火したものといわれる。
English: Under the ritsuryo system eishi were soldiers who came up to Kyoto in rotation from gundan (army corps) in various districts as guards of the Imperial Court mainly during the period when gundan were formed in various districts.
Japanese: 律令制下で、主に諸国で軍団が敷かれていた時期に、宮中の護衛のために諸国の軍団から交代で上洛した兵士。
English: Under the ritsuryo system it was a name of a soldier posted in the gundan or a person from gundan in various districts who was posted in rotation in the emonfu (officials section) or the ejifu (guards section) and acted as guards in the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 律令制下で、軍団に配置された兵士の称ないし諸国の軍団から交代で衛門府ないし衛士府に配属され、宮中の護衛を担った者の称。
English: It also became a name of a group of men of loyalty and courage such as a group of goryo-eji that guarded the Imperial Court at the Bakumatsu (end of the samurai period).
Japanese: その他、転じて幕末に際して宮中を護衛した御陵衛士など義勇集団の名称。
English: It is a title, 'Gin no eji,' given to a person who finished 'Gin no Eji Course' in Ginjo Sake Daigaku-ko run by the Japan Ginjo Sake Association.
Japanese: 日本吟醸酒協会が運営する吟醸酒大学校で「吟の衛士講座」を修了した者にの称号が授与される称号「吟の衛士」。
English: Sanken-Ikkyoku Jidai is one of the periods within the framework of periodization in the history of Hokkaido.
Japanese: 三県一局時代（さんけんいっきょくじだい）とは、北海道の歴史における時代区分のひとつ。
English: Due to the abolition of Hokkaido Development Commissioner on February 8, 1882, Hakodate Prefecture, Sapporo Prefecture and Nemuro Prefecture were established at the same time ('Haishi Chiken,' or abolishment of Commissioner and establishment of prefectures).
Japanese: 1882年2月8日の開拓使廃止に伴い、函館県（はこだてけん）・札幌県（さっぽろけん）・根室県（ねむろけん）が設置された（「廃使置県（はいしちけん）」）。
English: In addition, along with the said three prefectures, Hokkaido Works Administration Bureau (one of the departments under Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce[Japan]) was established in Hokkaido.
Japanese: また、北海道にはこの3県のほか、北海道事業管理局（農商務省(日本)の一部局）が設置されていた。
English: These three prefectures and the Bureau were abolished due to establishment of the Hokkaido government on January 26, 1886 ('Haiken Chicho,' or abolishment of prefectures and establishment of local government).
Japanese: 3県と事業管理局は、1886年1月26日の北海道庁(1886-1947)設置に伴って廃止（「廃県置庁（はいけんちちょう）」）された。
English: On October 3, 1871, Hokkaido Development Commissioner decided on a large-scale budget plan called the Ten-year Plan of Development Commissioner, which estimated the total budget for development of Hokkaido during the ten years after 1872 to be ten million yen.
Japanese: 1871年10月3日（明治4年8月19日_(旧暦)）、当時の北海道開拓使は北海道の開拓の目処として翌72年から10年間1,000万円をもって総額とするという大規模予算計画、いわゆる開拓使十年計画を決定していた。