nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: 27 temples in Koyasan - (in Koya-cho, Wakayama Prefecture), Hoki-in Temple, Yochi-in Temple, Tentoku-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Shochi-in Temple, Saizen-in Temple, Myoo-in Temple (in Koyasan), Ryuko-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Shinno-in Temple, Soji-in Temple, Nishimuro-in Temple, Nan-in Temple, Kongosanmai-in Temple, Ryusei-in Temple, Kodai-in Temple, Fukuchi-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Hongaku-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Hon no-in Temple, Fumon-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Ichijo-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Fugen-in Temple, Saimon-in Temple, Daien-in Temple, Jimyo-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Tamon-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Sanbo-in Temple (in Koya-cho), Henjoko-in Temple, Shojoshin-in Temple, Entsuritsu-ji Temple
Japanese: 高野山内27寺-（和歌山県高野町）（宝亀院、桜池院、天徳院(高野町)、正智院、西禅院、明王院(高野山)、龍光院(高野町)、親王院、総持院、西室院、南院、金剛三昧院、龍泉院、光台院、福智院(高野町)、本覚院(高野町)、本王院、普門院(高野町)、一乗院(高野町)、普賢院、西門院、大円院、持明院(高野町)、多聞院(高野町)、三宝院(高野町)、遍照光院、清浄心院、円通律寺
English: Takasaki Kannon (Deity of Mercy) (in Takasaki City, Gunma Prefecture), Kongo-in Temple (in Hachioji City), Natadera Temple (in Komatsu City, Ishikawa Prefecture), Fudo-ji Temple (in Tsubata-machi, Ishikawa Prefecture)
Japanese: -高崎観音（群馬県高崎市）、金剛院（八王子市）、那谷寺（石川県小松市）、不動寺（石川県津幡町）
English: Ansho-ji Temple (in Kyoto City), Jofuku-ji Temple (in Ikeda City), Ebara-ji Temple (in Sakai City), Yata-dera Temple (in Yamatokoriyama City), Daian-ji Temple (in Nara City), Taima-dera Temple (in Taima-cho, Nara Prefecture), Ofusa Kannon (in Kashihara City), Jison-in Temple (in Kudoyama-cho, Wakayama Prefecture), Koryu-ji Temple (in Kobe City), Mondoyakujin Toko-ji Temple (in Nishinomiya City), Enman-ji Temple (in Nishinomiya City), Senko-ji Temple (in Sumoto City), Ruri-ji Temple (in Sayo-cho), Onsen-ji Temple (in Toyooka City)
Japanese: 安祥寺(京都市)(京都市山科区),常福寺(池田市),家原寺(堺市),矢田寺(大和郡山市),大安寺(奈良市),当麻寺(奈良県當麻町),おふさ観音(橿原市),慈尊院(和歌山県九度山町),興隆寺(神戸市),門戸厄神東光寺(西宮市),円満寺(西宮市)(西宮市),千光寺(洲本市),瑠璃寺(佐用町)(佐用町),温泉寺(豊岡市)(豊岡市)
English: Kiyama-ji Temple (in Maniwa City), Saidai-ji Temple (in Okayama City), Gokuraku-ji Temple (in Hatsukaichi City), Kokubun-ji Temple (in Shimonoseki City, in Hofu City), Tatsue-ji Temple (in Komatsushima City), Yakuo-ji Temple (in Minami-cho), Kakurin-ji Temple (in Katsuura-cho), Sankaku-ji Temple (in Shikokuchuo City), Nanzo-in Temple (in Sasaguri-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture), Nomiyama Kannon-ji Temple (in Sasaguri-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture)
Japanese: 木山寺（真庭市）、西大寺(岡山市寺院)（岡山市）、極楽寺（廿日市市）、国分寺（下関市、防府市）、立江寺(小松島市)（小松島市）、薬王寺(美波町)（美波町）、鶴林寺(勝浦町)（勝浦町）、三角寺（四国中央市）、南蔵院（福岡県篠栗町）、呑山観音寺（福岡県篠栗町）
English: Jun-bekkaku-honzan (associate head temple): Koya-ji Temple (in Hakodate City, Hokkaido Prefecture), Kinpo-ji Temple (in Asahikawa City, Hokkaido Prefecture), Saitan-ji Temple (in Kushiro City, Hokkaido Prefecture), Kanki-in Temple (in Kumagaya City, Saitama Prefecture), Hoan-ji Temple (in Osaka City), Shaka-in Temple (in Osaka City), Daijobo Temple (in Osaka City), Taiyu-ji Temple (in Osaka City), Seisho-ji Temple (in Osaka Prefecture) and so on.
Japanese: 準別格本山高野寺（北海道函館市）、金峰寺（北海道旭川市）、西端寺（北海道釧路市）、歓喜院(熊谷市)（埼玉県熊谷市）、法案寺（大阪市）、釈迦院（大阪市）、大乗坊（大阪市）、太融寺（大阪市）、盛松寺（大阪府）など
English: Koyasan branch temple in Tokyo (in Minato Ward, Tokyo), Koyasan branch temple in Horikawa (in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City)
Japanese: 高野山東京別院（東京都港区(東京都)）、高野山堀川別院（京都市上京区）
English: Ryuko-ji Temple of Koyasan branch temple in Hokkaido (in Chuo Ward, Sapporo City), Seiryu-ji Temple (in Aomori City), Koyasan branch temple in Kurashiki (in Kurashiki City, Okayama Prefecture), Koyasan branch temple in Kibi (in Kurashiki City), Koyasan branch temple in Imabari (in Imabari City, Ehime Prefecture)
Japanese: 高野山北海道別院隆光寺（札幌市中央区(札幌市)）、青龍寺(青森市)（青森市）、高野山倉敷別院（岡山県倉敷市）、高野山吉備別院（倉敷市）、高野山今治別院（愛媛県今治市）
English: Other branch temples: Koyasan branch temple in the United States of America (in Little Tokyo, Los Angels), Koyasan branch temple in Hawaii (in Honolulu, Hawaii), Koyasan branch temple in Shanghai City (in Shanghai City before the war)
Japanese: その他の別院　高野山アメリカ合衆国別院（ロサンゼルスリトルトーキョー）、高野山ハワイ別院（ハワイ・ホノルル）、高野山上海市別院（戦前、上海におかれていた）
English: Organization of local temple (Eight areas in Japan, Set up 53 branch offices) - Organization of temple in Japan (About 4000 temples) - Chief priest of representative director - Responsible director
Japanese: 地方宗務組織（日本国内に8地区に分け、53支所を設置）-全国寺院教会（約4000ヶ寺）-代表役員住職-責任役員
English: Every branch office has the posts such as representative and vice chief, and a chief priest or his family members under the branch office will take those posts.
Japanese: また、支所ごとに代議員・副長などを置いて、支所下の寺院住職・寺族がその役職に就く。
English: Although there is little difference between the posts in each branch office, it may have an original post according to each office.
Japanese: 支所に置かれる役職は、各支所ごとに概（おおむ）ね差異は無いが、支所の状況に応じて、独自の役職を設けることがある。
English: General Affairs Department - General Affairs Division/Labor Welfare Division/Disaster Prevention Division/Planning OfficeCommunity Human Rights Department - Community Division/Human Rights Division (The chief of Community Human Rights Department is placed.)
Japanese: 総務部-総務課・労務厚生課・災害対策課・企画室・社会人権局-社会課・人権課(社会人権局長を置く)
English: Ganjin (688-June 25, 763) was a naturalized priest in the Nara period.
Japanese: 鑑真（がんじん、688年（持統天皇2年）-763年6月25日（天平宝字7年5月6日(旧暦)））は、奈良時代の帰化僧。
English: At the age of 14, he entered the priesthood, attending to Chiman, and studied the teachings of the Ritsushu sect and the Tendaishu sect under Daoan and Hongjing.
Japanese: 14歳で智満について出家し、道岸、弘景について、律宗・天台宗を学ぶ。
English: The Ritsushu sect is a Buddhist school that transmits and studies Vinaya precepts which Buddhists, especially priests and nuns should comply with; Ganjin, a successor of the Nanzan-risshu sect based on Shibunritsu (Four-Part Vinayapitaka, which explains about regulations and prohibited matters of the priest) is said to have conducted Jukai (handed down the precepts) to more than 40,000 people.
Japanese: 律宗とは、仏教徒、とりわけ僧尼が遵守すべき戒律を伝え研究する宗派であるが、鑑真は四分律に基づく南山律宗の継承者であり、4万人以上の人々に授戒を行ったとされている。
English: In 742, when he was a chief priest of Daming Temple in Yangzhou, he was implored to transmit the Vinaya precepts to Japan by Yoei and Fusho, priests dispatched to Tang from Japan.
Japanese: 揚州の大明寺の住職であった742年、日本から唐に渡った僧栄叡、普照らから戒律を日本へ伝えるよう懇請された。
English: In Buddhism, those who newly ordain as priests and nuns must take a vow to observe the Vinaya precepts.
Japanese: 仏教では、新たに僧尼となる者は、戒律を遵守することを誓う必要がある。
English: When the compound, Kai-ritsu (Vinaya precepts in Japanese) is used, 'kai' refers to self-imposed vows and 'ritsu' denotes vows among priests and nuns.
Japanese: 戒律のうち自分で自分に誓うものを「戒」といい、僧尼の間で誓い合うものを「律」という。
English: To vow 'ritsu,' (meaning to vow to keep codes of discipline which govern the Buddhist monastic life), a rite must be performed in front of more than 10 qualified priests and nuns; this is Jukai.
Japanese: 律を誓うには、10人以上の正式の僧尼の前で儀式（これが授戒である）を行う必要がある。
English: Although these Vinaya precepts governing the life and behavior of Buddhist priests and nuns are ones of the most important matters in Buddhism, the Japanese had not thought Jukai so important for a long time; for example, at first when Buddhism was introduced to Japan, Jisei Jukai (self-administered precepts) was permitted.
Japanese: これら戒律は仏教の中でも最も重要な事項の一つとされているが、日本では仏教が伝来した当初は自分で自分に授戒する自誓授戒が行われるなど、授戒の重要性が長らく認識されていなかった。
English: In the Nara period, however, the Vinaya precepts gradually started to be recognized their importance to increase the need to institute orthodox monastic ordinations of the Jukai.
Japanese: しかし、奈良時代に入ると、戒律の重要性が徐々に認識され始め、授戒の制度を整備する必要性が高まっていた。
English: Therefore, Yoei and Fusho went to Tang (China) to invite 10 duly ordained Chinese priests prescribed by the Vinaya, and visited Ganjin, who had already distinguished himself as a great Vinaya master.
Japanese: 栄叡と普照は、授戒できる僧10人を招請するため渡唐し、戒律の僧として高名だった鑑真のもとを訪れた。
English: Accepting the invitation of Yoei and Fusho, Ganjin asked his disciples to go to Japan, but had no volunteers.
Japanese: 栄叡と普照の要請を受けた鑑真は、弟子に問いかけたが、誰も渡日を希望する者がいなかった。
English: Then, he resolved to travel to Japan himself, accompanied by 21 of his disciples who had heard their master's resolution.
Japanese: そこで鑑真自ら渡日することを決意し、それを聞いた弟子21人も随行することとなった。
English: Ganjin's first attempt to cross the sea to Japan in summer of 743 ended up in failure since Japanese priests were deported from China by a false information to officers of the harbor that 'Japanese priests were, in fact, pirates,' which was told by some of Ganjin's disciples who desired to keep him in China.
Japanese: 最初の渡海企図は743年夏のことで、このときは、渡海を嫌った弟子が、港の役人へ「日本僧は実は海賊だ」と偽の密告をしたため、日本僧は追放された。
English: With careful preparations, Ganjin made the second attempt to sail for Japan in January, 744, but a heavy wind forced him temporarily return back to Yuyao, Mingzhou.
Japanese: 2回目の試みは744年1月、周到な準備の上で出航したが激しい暴風に遭い、一旦、明州の余姚へ戻らざるを得なくなってしまった。
English: In his replanning of the departure, a betrayal of someone who grudged Ganjin's leaving for Japan resulted in Yoei's arrest and Ganjin also failed his third attempt.
Japanese: 再度、出航を企てたが、鑑真の渡日を惜しむ者の密告により栄叡が逮捕され、3回目も失敗に終わる。
English: After arrested, Yoei succeeded in escaping from prison, pretending to die of disease, and then Ganjin and his party headed for Fuzhou, where they had planned to set sail for Japan because they thought it difficult to sail from Jiangsu or Zhejiang.
Japanese: その後、栄叡は病死を装って出獄に成功し、江蘇・浙江からの出航は困難だとして、鑑真一行は福州から出発する計画を立て、福州へ向かった。
English: Again this time, however, strong anxiety of Ganjin's disciplines, Lingyu, for his master's safety brought him to civil authorities to stop Ganjin crossing the sea to Japan.
Japanese: しかし、この時も鑑真弟子の霊佑が鑑真の安否を気遣って渡航阻止を役人へ訴えた。
English: Leaving in June, and waiting wind of change for a few months at the Zhoushan islands, Ganjin started on a voyage for Japan in November, but he encountered a severe storm and ended up drifting down to Hainan Island, far south from Japan, after 14-day drift.
Japanese: 6月に出航し、舟山諸島で数ヶ月風待ちした後、11月に日本へ向かい出航したが、激しい暴風にあい、14日間の漂流の末、はるか南方の海南島へ漂着した。
English: During that return journey to Yangzhou, the climate in the southern region and exhaustion deprived Ganjin of his sight (one theory says that he didn't totally lose his sight).
Japanese: この揚州までの帰上の間、鑑真は南方の気候や激しい疲労などにより、両眼を失明してしまう（完全に失明していなかったとする説もある）。
English: In 752, Ganjin, who had decided to go to Japan without fail, promised FUJIWARA no Kiyokawa, who was a Kento-shi (a Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) and visited him, to execute his decision.
Japanese: 752年、必ず渡日を果たす決意をした鑑真のもとに訪れた遣唐使藤原清河らに渡日を約束した。
English: However, Emperor Hsuan Tsung (Tang Dynasty) of those days prohibited Ganjin from going to Japan because he thought it pity for China to lose Ganjin's brilliant brain.
Japanese: しかし、当時の玄宗(唐)皇帝が鑑真の才能を惜しんで渡日を許さなかった。
English: For this reason, in 753 when the Kento-shi returned to Japan, FUJUWARA no Kiyokawa, the chief envoy of Japan, refused Ganjin to get on board.
Japanese: そのために753年に遣唐使が帰日する際、遣唐大使の藤原清河は鑑真の同乗を拒否した。
English: Soon after the departure on November 17, the Japanese envoy's ships hit by a heavy gale drifted to the southward, however the ship of vice envoy, Komaro, managed to keep its course to safely reach Bonotsu on December 20; indeed, it took as long as 10 years for Ganjin, who carried Buddha Relics with him, to finally realize his long-cherished desire to visit Japan.
Japanese: 11月17日に遣唐使船が出航ほどなくして暴風が襲い、清河の大使船は南方まで漂流したが、古麻呂の副使船は持ちこたえ、12月20日に薩摩坊津に無事到着し、実に10年の歳月を経て仏舎利を携えた鑑真は宿願の渡日を果たすことができた。
English: In January, 754, Ganjin arrived at the Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Nara), and was welcomed by Emperor Shomu and others; by an imperial decree of Empress Koken, the establishment of Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) and Jukai were entirely left to Ganjin, and he resided at Todai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 754年（天平勝宝6年）1月、鑑真は平城京に到着し、聖武天皇以下の歓待を受け、孝謙天皇の勅により戒壇の設立と授戒について全面的に一任され、東大寺に住することとなった。
English: In April, Ganjin established an ordination platform at Daibutsu-den Hall (the Great Buddha hall) in the Todai-ji Temple, and conferred Bosatsu-kai (Bodhisattva Precepts) on 400 people, including from the retired emperor to priests and nuns.
Japanese: 4月、鑑真は東大寺大仏殿に戒壇を築き、上皇から僧尼まで400名に菩薩戒を授けた。
English: Kaidan-in of the Todai-ji Temple was also built for a permanent ordination platform, and after that, in 761, Kaidan platforms were constructed at Kanzeon-ji Temple in Dazaifu (present day in Fukuoka Prefecture in Kyushu) and at Yakushi-ji Temple of Shimotsuke Province (Shimotsuke City, north of present day Tokyo) so that todan-jukai might be conferred from the east to the west part of Japan; as a result, the Vinaya precepts system had rapidly developed.
Japanese: 併せて、常設の東大寺戒壇院が建立され、その後761年（天平宝字5年）には日本の東西で登壇授戒が可能となるよう、大宰府観世音寺および下野国薬師寺(下野市)に戒壇が設置され、戒律制度が急速に整備されていった。
English: In 758, Emperor Junnin showed his compassion for Ganjin by an imperial order of his, appointing him Daiwajo (honorific title for Ganjin) and relieving him from the member of Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs), so that Ganjin might only transmit the Vinaya precepts as he wanted.
Japanese: 758年（天平宝字2年）、淳仁天皇の勅により大和上に任じられ、政治にとらわれる労苦から解放するため僧綱の任が解かれ、自由に戒律を伝えられる配慮がなされた。
English: In 759, Ganjin was given the former residence of Imperial Prince Niitabe to build Toshodai-ji Temple and set up a Kaidan platform.
Japanese: 759年（天平宝字3年）、新田部親王の旧邸宅跡が与えられ唐招提寺を創建し、戒壇を設置した。
English: In addition to the Vinaya precepts, Ganjin imparted his deep knowledge about sculptures and medical herbs to Japan.
Japanese: 鑑真は戒律の他、彫刻や薬草の造詣も深く、日本にこれらの知識も伝えた。
English: Ninki, one of Ganjin's disciples, who mourned his master's death, made the sculpture of Ganjin (Dakkatsu-kanshitsu [hollow dry lacquer: A method of making lacquer statues, popular in the Nara period], colored; a technique to form a framework of statue by layering of lacquered hemp cloth, and the both hands are carved in wood), which the Toshodai-ji Temple has preserved until today (Statue of Ganjin in Toshodai-ji Temple, national treasure) and is said the first portrait sculpture in Japan.
Japanese: 死去を惜しんだ弟子の忍基は鑑真の彫像（脱活乾漆彩色麻布を漆で張り合わせて骨格を作る手法両手先は木彫）を造り、現代まで唐招提寺に伝わっている（国宝唐招提寺鑑真像）が、これが日本最初の肖像彫刻とされている。
English: Additionally, in 779, Ganjin's biography, "To Daiwajo Toseiden" (Eastern Expedition of Ganjin, the Great Tang Monk) was written by OMI no Mifune, which is a precious historical material to indicate Ganjin's achievement.
Japanese: また、779年（宝亀10年）、淡海三船により鑑真の伝記『唐大和上東征伝』が記され、鑑真の事績を知る貴重な史料となっている。
English: Bato Kannon (horse-headed Kannon, also called Mezu Kannon), hayagriiva in Sanskrit, is one shape of Bosatsu (Bodhisattva) worshipped in Buddhism.
Japanese: 馬頭観音（ばとうかんのん/めづかんのん）、サンスクリットハヤグリーヴァ(hayagriiva)は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一尊。
English: It is one of the transformations of Kannon Bosatsu (Kannon Bodhisattva) and is also included in Roku Kannon (six deities of mercy).
Japanese: 観音菩薩の変化身（へんげしん）の一つであり、六観音の一尊にも数えられている。
English: This is another name of Vishnu, the highest deity in Hindooism, who is thought to have had influence on the formation of Bato Kannon.
Japanese: これはヒンドゥー教では最高神ヴィシュヌの異名でもあり、馬頭観音の成立におけるその影響が指摘されている。
English: In addition, it has various names including 'Bato Kannon Bosatsu,' 'Bato Kanzeon Bosatsu,' and 'Batomyoo.'
Japanese: 他にも「馬頭観音菩薩」、「馬頭観世音菩薩」、「馬頭明王」などさまざまな呼称がある。
English: This is Kannon who ranges over the ocean of life and death, symbolizing great power of briskness and effort to conquer Four Hindrances, as if the treasure horse of Tenrinjoo (universal ruler) ranges over all around to conquer, and it is said it eats up the heavy hindrance of avidya just like a gluttonous horse.
Japanese: 転輪聖王の宝馬が四方に馳駆して、これを威伏するが如く、生死の大海を跋渉して四魔を催伏する大威勢力・大精進力を表す観音であり、無明の重き障りをまさに大食の馬の如く食らい尽くすという。
English: While other Kannons are represented with a feminine and serene expression, only Bato Kannon has a fierce expression with fury in its eyes, boiling with rage, and showing fangs.
Japanese: 他の観音が女性的で穏やかな表情で表わされるのに対し、馬頭観音のみは目尻を吊り上げ、怒髪天を衝き、牙を剥き出した忿怒（ふんぬ）相である。
English: Therefore, it is also called 'Batomyoo' and is sometimes classified into the category of Myoo (Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings) instead of the category of Bosatsu (Bodhisattva).
Japanese: このため、「馬頭明王」とも称し、菩薩部ではなく明王（みょうおう）部に分類されることもある。
English: In addition, due to the name 'Bato' (horse head), it is worshiped as a guardian Buddha of horses in folk beliefs.
Japanese: また「馬頭」という名称から、民間信仰では馬の守護仏としても祀られる。
English: Furthermore, it is said that this Kannon saves not only horses but all chikusho (beasts), and guides and benefits chikushodo (the realm of animals) among Roku Kannon (the Six Kannons).
Japanese: さらに、馬のみならずあらゆる畜生類を救う観音ともされ、六観音としては畜生道を化益する観音とされる。
English: Usually, its statue form consists of Funnuso (an angry expression found on Buddhist images) which is described above, a red body, a white horse head on its head, and Sanmensanmokuhappi (three faces, three eyes, and eight hands) (with one vertical eye on its forehead).
Japanese: 像容は前述のような忿怒相で体色は赤、頭上に白馬頭を戴き、三面三目八臂（額に縦に一目を有する）とする像が多い。
English: Some sutra preaches that its statue form is a human body with horse head, but there are few statues in that form in Japan.
Japanese: 経典によっては馬頭人身の像容も説かれるが、日本での造形例はほとんどない。
English: The wooden standing statue in Puzai-in Temple in Ishikawa prefecture and wooden seated statue in Mago-ji Temple in Fukui prefecture were created in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 石川県・豊財院の木造立像、福井県・馬居寺（まごじ）の木造坐像は平安時代の後半にまで遡る作例である。
English: The wooden standing statue in Kanzeon-ji Temple in Fukuoka is a big statue as tall as five meters, and a representative example of Bato Kannon in Japan.
Japanese: 福岡・観世音寺の木造立像は高さ5メートルに及ぶ大作で、日本の馬頭観音像の代表例と言える。
English: The wooden standing statue in Joruri-ji Temple in Kyoto is an example created by Nanto busshi (sculptors of Buddhist Statues in Nanto) etc. in the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 京都・浄瑠璃寺の木造立像は、鎌倉時代の南都仏師らの手になる作例である。
English: After the early-modern times, statues of Bato Kannon were often built by the road side where a horse died suddenly or in Shibasaki (places to dump horses).
Japanese: また近世以降は、馬が急死した路傍や芝先（馬捨場）などに馬頭観音像を建てることが多くなった。
English: In such cases, only stone monuments with letters 'Bato Kannon' carved on it are often built instead of statues.
Japanese: この場合、像ではなく単なる「馬頭観音」の文字を彫っただけの石碑であったりする。
English: In modern Japan, statues are enshrined near racecourses to hold memorial services for horses which died during races.
Japanese: なお、現代の日本においては競馬場の近くに祀られていて、レース中に亡くなった馬などの供養に用いられている場合もある。
English: Fugen Enmei Bosatsu is one of Bosatsu worshiped in Buddhism.
Japanese: 普賢延命菩薩（ふげんえんめいぼさつ）は、仏教における信仰対象である菩薩の一つ。
English: It corresponds to Vajramoghasamayasattva in Sanskrit.
Japanese: サンスクリットのVajramoghasamayasattva（「大安楽不空真実菩薩」の意）に当たる。
English: Fugen Enmei Bosatsu is an image of Bosatsu of Esoteric Buddhism that is derived from Fugen Bosatsu (kyoji (attendant figure) of Shaka Nyorai (Buddha Shakamuni), often worshiped independently) and its statue was constructed as honzon (principal image of Buddha) of Shuho (an esoteric ritual) 'Fugen Enmei ho' (prayer and austerities of Fugen Enmei (Samantabhadra)) that prays for removal of disasters and for longevity.
Japanese: 普賢延命菩薩は、普賢菩薩（釈迦如来の脇侍であり、独尊としても祀られる）から派生した密教系の菩薩像であり、除災、長寿などを祈念する修法「普賢延命法」の本尊として造像される。
English: The lotus pedestal on which Bosatsu is seated is supported by four white elephants in the Shingon sect Bosatsu image with 20 arms and it is supported by one elephant with three heads in the Tendai Sect Bosatsu image with two arms.
Japanese: 菩薩の乗る蓮華座は、真言系20臂像では4頭の白象によって支えられ、天台系2臂像では3つの頭を持つ1頭の象が支えている。
English: There are masterpieces of Bosatsu pictures, such as the one with two arms in Matsunoo-dera Temple (Maizuru City) in Kyoto Prefecture (National Treasure), and the one with 20 arms in Jiko-ji Temple in Hiroshima Prefecture (National Treasure).
Japanese: 絵画では、京都府の松尾寺(舞鶴市)の2臂像（国宝）、広島県の持光寺の20臂像（国宝）のような名品がある。
English: There is a statue of Fugen Enmei Bosatsu of the twelfth century in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, of the United States of America, which is a Bosatsu of Taimitsu (esoteric Buddhism of the Japanese Tendai sect) because it is supported by an elephant with three heads.
Japanese: また、アメリカ合衆国のボストン美術館には12世紀の普賢延命菩薩像が収蔵されており、3頭1体の象が菩薩を支えることから台密系の菩薩であることがわかる。
English: There are only a few Bosatsu statues that still exist today, including the one with 20 arms in Daihozoden (Treasure House) of Horyu-ji Temple, Nara Prefecture.
Japanese: 彫像としては、奈良県法隆寺大宝蔵殿（もと金堂安置）の20臂像などがあるが、遺例はさほど多くない。
English: Jokaku-ji Temple in Gojo City, Nara Prefecture, is one of rare cases of worshipping Fugen Enmei Bosatsu as its honzon (principal image of Buddha).
Japanese: 奈良県五條市の常覚寺は普賢延命菩薩を本尊とする寺院であり、このような例はきわめて稀少である。
English: Exclaustration means that a Buddhist monk quits the priesthood, which requires strict adherence to Buddhist precepts, and returns to secular life.
Japanese: 還俗（げんぞく）とは、僧侶になった者が、戒律を堅持する僧侶であることを捨て、在俗者・俗人に戻る事をいう。
English: In Buddhist precepts, it is the most severe penalty for monks who committed four serious sins called Harai (the most serious offenses against the monastic code for Buddhist monks and nuns).
Japanese: 仏教教団の戒律においては、波羅夷と呼ばれる4つの大罪を犯した僧が処される最も重い刑罰である。
English: The monk who was punished for these sins are forbidden to enter into priesthood again.
Japanese: また、これらの罪によって罰せられた場合、再出家することも禁じられている。
English: There are a variety of reasons why someone may have chosen to return to secular life; for example, if a son or relative of a family head became a monk in order to prevent a rebellion against the head of the family or for some other reason, he might have decided to return to secular life in the event of the death of the family head in order to continue the family name if the family head had succeeded to the position of samurai, court noble, master builder, or clan chieftain.
Japanese: 武士・公家の家督や棟梁、氏長者といったものを相続していた当主が亡くなり、謀反防止のためなどの理由で出家していた子弟・縁者などが相続して家名存続させる目的のものもあるなど、背景はさまざまである。
English: Honen (he returned to secular life for Jogen no honan [an event in which four apprentices of Honen were executed and seven others including Honen and Shinran were banished by the Retired Emperor Gotoba] because a monk had to become a layman when he was to be condemned to exile.)
Japanese: 法然（承元の法難により、僧を流罪とするには俗人でなければならなかったため。）
English: Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA (returned to secular life and moved from place to place to avenge his brother Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA and assume the position of shogun.)
Japanese: 足利義昭（兄足利義輝の敵を討ち、将軍職に就くため、還俗し諸国を流浪）
English: Enchin (814 to December 4, 891) was a monk of Tendai Sect in the Heian period.
Japanese: 円珍（えんちん、弘仁5年（814年）-寛平3年10月29日(旧暦)（891年12月4日））は、平安時代の天台宗の僧。
English: He studied Buddhist scripture from an early age, and went to Mt. Hiei at the age of 15 (all ages given in this article are according to the traditional Japanese system) to study under Gishin.
Japanese: 幼少から経典になじみ、15歳（数え年、以下同）で比叡山に登り義真に師事。
English: He went to Tang on a Silla merchant ship in 853 and returned to Japan on a Tang merchant ship in 858.
Japanese: 仁寿3年（853年）に新羅商人の船で入唐、天安(日本)2年（858年）に唐商人の船で帰国。
English: He lived in Konzo-ji Temple, the 76th temple of Shikoku's eighty-eight sacred places for a while to maintain the temple after returning to the country.
Japanese: 帰国後しばらく現四国八十八箇所第76番金倉寺に住み、寺の整備を行っていた模様。
English: He lived in Sanno-in Temple on Mt. Hiei, then in 868, he became the fifth head priest of Enryaku-ji Temple, and received Onjo-ji Temple (Mii-dera Temple) for Dojo training hall for denpokanjo (consecration for the Transmission of the Dharma).
Japanese: その後比叡山の山王院に住し、貞観10年（868年）延暦寺第5代座主となり、園城寺（三井寺）を賜り、伝法灌頂の道場とした。
English: Arts, such as 'Kifudo painting' and 'Shinra Myojin zo', which inspired Enchin, and a lot of documents written by him remain in Mii-dera Temple, and they are regarded as important materials in the Japanese art history.
Japanese: 三井寺には、円珍が感得したとされる「黄不動」「新羅明神像」等の美術品の他、円珍の手による文書が他数残されており、日本美術史上も注目される。
English: He wrote over 90 documents and the documents containing Enchin's teachings and a journal of his travel to the Tang are very famous.
Japanese: 著作は90を数え、円珍の教えを知る著作の他、自身の書いた入唐旅行記など著名である。
English: Enchin was worshiped as the founder of a religious sect in Onjo-ji Temple and the temple has plenty of statues of Enchin, including a statue designated as a national treasure.
Japanese: 円珍は、園城寺では宗祖として尊崇され、同寺には国宝の彫像をはじめ、多くの円珍像が伝わる。
English: In Toin Daishi Do of the temple, there are two statues of Chisho Daishi named as 'Chuson Daishi' (the Great teacher of the principal statue of in a group of Buddhist statues) and 'Okotsu Daishi' (the statue of Great Teacher with its remains in it) which are designated as national treasures.
Japanese: 同寺唐院大師堂には「中尊大師」「御骨大師」と称する2体の智証大師像があり、いずれも国宝に指定されている。