nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The Tenga no noriai incident (the incident of Motofusa in the Palace) was a famous episode that supposedly showed Kiyomori's cruel personality, but Kiyomori's retaliation against Motofusa MATSUDONO was a fictional episode in "Heike Monogatari," it was Shigemori who actually took cruel revenge, and according to 'Gyokuyo" and "Hyakurensho," Kiyomori in fact exhibited apologetic behavior toward Motofusa.
Japanese: 清盛の非道を示す有名なエピソードである「殿下乗合事件」は、清盛が松殿基房に報復したというのは平家物語のフィクションであって、実際には非道な報復を行ったのは重盛であり、『玉葉』や『百錬抄』の記述によれば清盛はむしろ基房に謝罪的な行為を示したと言われる。
English: Also, Kiyomori around the time of the Heiji Disturbance was described in "Gukansho" as a person who 'was very modest, appropriately managed things, and was considerate to everyone,' and therefore, being smart and kind to everyone, he had the worldly wisdom to survive the politics of the complicated cloister government.
Japanese: また平治の乱前後の清盛について『愚管抄』に「ヨクヨク謹ミテ、イミジク計ラヒテ、彼方此方シケル」とあり、如才なく諸方に気を配る人物であり、複雑な院政期の政界を生き抜く処世術を持っていた。
English: However, his reputation declined as his power grew, and he tried to maintain it by implementing aggressive measures while his conflicts with the cloister government, sekkan families, temples, and shrines grew.
Japanese: しかし大きな権力を持つようになり、それを維持するために院・摂関家・寺社勢力と対立していく過程で強引な手段に出るようになり、評判も悪くなったのである。
English: There are also episodes in "Genpei-seisui-ki" showing how Kiyomori was intellectual and civilized without being fettered by superstitions; in these episodes, he said it was a mere coincidence that it rained after monks prayed, and he abolished the human sacrifice system of Kyoga-shima Island.
Japanese: 『源平盛衰記』では僧侶の祈祷によって雨を降らせた事を偶然に過ぎないと一蹴したり、経が島では清盛が人柱を廃止したという伝説があるなど、迷信に囚われない開明的な考え方の逸話も見られる。
English: In terms of politics, he was an excellent politician who achieved a breakthrough for the aristocracy that was gradually being left behind by changes of the times, by developing a financial infrastructure as seen in the Japan-Sung trade and promoting public projects such as construction of Kyoga-shima Island.
Japanese: また、政治的には日宋貿易に見られるような財政基盤の開拓、経が島築造に見られるような公共事業の推進など、時代の矛盾に行き詰まりつつあった貴族政治に新生面を切り開いた優れた政治家であった。
English: Although he received a bad reputation for his full-force attack of Kofuku-ji and Onjo-ji Temples that interfered with the Imperial succession issue, it should also be noted that he stopped the involvement of temples and shrines with extremely strong armed forces with religious powers in important political issues such as the Imperial succession.
Japanese: 皇位継承問題に干渉した興福寺と園城寺に総攻撃をかけたことは当時は評判が悪かったものの、強大な武力をもつ宗教勢力が皇位継承のような重大な政治問題に関わることを止めた意義は無視できない。
English: It is ironic that Kiyomori's policy was adopted by his enemy, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), in a milder form, such as protection of the Zen and Nenbutsu sects that did not hold any priest soldiers.
Japanese: 皮肉なことにこの政策は敵である鎌倉幕府に僧兵を擁しない禅宗や念仏宗の保護といった穏健化した形で受け継がれていく。
English: Hodarakusan-Rokuharamitsu-ji Temple at Rokuro-cho, 2-chome, Yamato-oji-higashi-iru, Matsubara-dori, Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City
Japanese: 京都市東山区松原通大和大路東入ル2丁目轆轤町の補陀洛山六波羅蜜寺の平清盛塚
English: The memorial tower at Gio-ji temple, which is a sub-temple of Sagasan-Daikaku-ji Temple (remains of the Daikaku-ji Temple Gate at the former Saga Imperial Palace) in Sagatoriimotokozaka-cho, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City
Japanese: 京都市右京区嵯峨鳥居本小坂町の嵯峨山大覚寺（旧嵯峨御所大覚寺門跡）の搭頭寺院である祇王寺の供養搭
English: He was a descendant of TAIRA no Takamochi, who was a child of Takami-o, who was Imperial Prince Kazurawara, and he was a member of the Ise branch of the Taira clan that was descended from the Kanmu branch of the Taira clan in Banto.
Japanese: 葛原親王の子の高見王の子平高望（たいらのたかもち）の子孫で、坂東の桓武平氏の流れを汲む伊勢平氏の一族。
English: His birth year was 1118, when the article in "Kugyo-bunin" (A personnel directory of the Court nobles) is used to calculate back his birth year.
Japanese: 『公卿補任』の記事から逆算すると、元永元年（1118年）の誕生となる。
English: According to "Heike Monogatari," Gion no nyogo, who was in Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa's favor and was impregnated by him, was granted to Tadamori, and Kiyomori was born; however, this story has low credibility, since "Heike Monogatari" was completed after the Kamakura Era and it was estimated that Gion no nyogo at that time was over 40 years old.
Japanese: 『平家物語』では白河法皇の寵愛を受けて懐妊した祇園女御が、忠盛に下賜されて清盛が生まれたとなっているが、『平家物語』の成立は鎌倉時代以降であり、祇園女御は当時40歳を越えていたと推測されることから信憑性は薄い。
English: According to a "Chu-yu-ki" entry on July 12, 1120, 'the wife of Hoki no kami (Lord of Hoki), Tadamori, died suddenly. She was around Sen-in,' and this shows that the wife of Tadamori was serving Sen-in (Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa).
Japanese: 『中右記』保安元年（1120年）7月12日条には「伯耆守忠盛妻俄に卒去すと云々。是仙院の辺なり」という記事があり、忠盛の妻が仙院（白河法皇）の周辺に仕えた女房だったことがわかる。
English: Neither her name nor origin was recorded, and she was therefore considered to have low status, but she may be the mother of Kiyomori.
Japanese: 名や出自が記されておらず身分は高くないと思われるものの、この女性が清盛の母の可能性がある。
English: In 1893, "Busshari-sojo-keizu" (The genealogy of Buddha's ashes) written in 1235 was found at Konomiya-jinja Shrine in Shiga Prefecture, and it suggested a persuasive theory that the sister of Gion no nyogo, who was in Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa's favor and was impregnated by him, was granted to Tadamori, and Kiyomori was born, and after Kiyomori's mother died, her older sister Gion no nyogo raised him as her own son.
Japanese: 明治26年（1893年）になって、滋賀県・胡宮神社所蔵の文暦2年（1235年）の日付を持つ『仏舎利相承系図』が発見されたことで、祇園女御の妹が白河法皇の寵愛を受けて懐妊後に、忠盛に下賜されて生まれたのが清盛であり、母が亡くなったので姉の祇園女御が猶子として養育したという説が有力となった。
English: FUJIWARA no Kaneie (born in 929, birth date unknown - July 31, 990) was a kugyo (Court noble) who lived in the Heian Period.
Japanese: 藤原兼家（ふじわらのかねいえ、延長(元号)7年（929年）-永祚(日本)2年7月2日(旧暦)（990年7月31日））は、平安時代の公卿。
English: When the oldest brother and FUJIWARA no Koretada, who was a sessho, died young during the reign of Emperor Enyu, Kaneie wished to be the next kanpaku, but his second oldest brother, Kanemichi, took that post.
Japanese: 円融天皇のとき長兄の摂政藤原伊尹が早世すると、次の関白を望んだが、次兄の兼通に奪われてしまった。
English: After becoming a kanpaku, Kanemichi hated Kaneie and kept interfering with Kaneie's promotion, and he even demoted Kaneie immediately before his (Kanemichi's) death.
Japanese: 関白となった兼通は兼家を憎み、ことごとく出世の邪魔をし、死に際に兼家を降格させることまでした。
English: Through a conspiracy, he made Emperor Kazan step down and instead made Emperor Ichijo, born to his daughter, assume the throne so that he could become a Sessho.
Japanese: 策略によって花山天皇を退位させて、娘が生んだ一条天皇を即位させて摂政となった。
English: Kaneie was born the third son of an influential person, FUJIWARA no Morosuke, was appointed to the Jugoinoge rank (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) in 948, and was permitted to enter the Tenjo no ma room in Seiryo-den in 949 when he was only 10 years old.
Japanese: 実力者藤原師輔の三男に生まれ、天暦2年（948年）に従五位下に叙され、翌天暦3年（949年）には10歳にして昇殿を許された。
English: In 967, as Emperor Reizei took over the throne, Kaneie became Kurodo no to (chief of secretaries to the emperor) instead of FUJIWARA no Kanemichi, who was an older brother of Kaneie born from the same mother, and additionally served as Sa-konoe no chujo (lieutenant general of the Left Office of the Imperial Guards).
Japanese: 康保4年（967年）、冷泉天皇の即位に伴い、同母兄藤原兼通に代わって蔵人頭となり、左近衛中将を兼ねた。
English: Kurodo no to in general was considered to be a fourth rank post and those who were appointed to Kurodo no to were usually promoted to Sangi when they resigned as kurodo no to.
Japanese: 蔵人頭は通常、四位の官とされて辞任時に参議に昇進するものとされていた。
English: However, Kaneie was promoted to the Jusanmi rank and stayed in that post until he was appointed Chu-nagon.
Japanese: しかし、兼家は従三位に達し、更に中納言就任直後までその職に留まった。
English: This is believed to have occurred because his oldest brother Koretada had a plan to hold power over the Imperial Court in order to establish his own government and Kaneie was involved in this plan, and this has been believed to prove that Kaneie was involved in the Anna no hen (the Anna Incident).
Japanese: これは、長兄伊尹が自己の政権基盤確立のための宮中掌握政策の一翼を兼家が担っていたからだと考えられ、安和の変に兼家が関与していたとされる説の根拠とされている。
English: Koretada not only tacitly permitted Kaneie marrying his daughter FUJIWARA no Choshi off to the Emperor, but also he promoted Kaneie to Dainagon (Major Counselor) at the Shosanmi rank (Senior Third Rank) in 972 and in addition appointed him to U-konoe no taisho (general of the Left Office of the Imperial Guards) and also Azechi (officer who patrols local areas to inspect local communities).
Japanese: 伊尹は兼家が娘の藤原超子を入内させるのを黙認しただけでなく、天禄3年（972年）には正三位大納言に昇進させ、更に右近衛大将・按察使を兼ねさせた。
English: As a result, Kaneie was ranked higher than Kanemichi, and this made Kanemichi strongly hate Kaneie.
Japanese: その結果、兼家の官位は兼通の上を行くこととなり、このため兼通は兼家をひどく恨んだ。
English: In the same year, when Koretada resigned from this post due to a serious illness, Kaneie wished to become a Kanpaku, but Kanemichi presented the will of FUJIWARA no Anshi, who was the biological mother of Emperor Enyu, that 'the kanpaku post must be given in order of age among the brothers.'
Japanese: 同年、伊尹が重病で辞表を提出すると、兼家は関白を望んだが、兼通は「関白は、宜しく兄弟相及ぶべし（順番に）」との円融天皇の生母藤原安子の遺言を献じた。
English: When Imperial Prince Koresada was born between Kaneie's daughter, Choshi, and the retired Emperor Reizei, Kanemichi abhorred this event and slandered it to Emperor Enyu.
Japanese: 兼家が娘・超子が冷泉上皇との間に居貞親王を生むと、兼通はこれを忌んで円融天皇に讒言した。
English: Kaneie's promotions had stopped by then, and according to "Eiga Monogatari" (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes), Kanemichi commented that he 'wishes he could transfer Kaneie to Kyushu or some other place, but he could not because Kaneie did not commit any crime.'
Japanese: 兼家の昇進も止まってしまい、『栄華物語』によれば兼通は「できることなら九州にでも遷してやりたいものだが、罪がないのでできない」と発言している。
English: While he was thinking that Kaneie came to pay a visit even though they did not get along, the carriage passed the gate and went to Kinri (the Imperial Palace).
Japanese: 仲の悪い兄弟だが見舞いに来たかと思ったところ、兼家の車は門前を通り過ぎて禁裏へ行ってしまった。
English: Kanemichi got up feeling furious, went to the Imperial Palace in spite of sickness to execute personnel replacements for the last time, transferred the Kanpaku post to FUJIWARA no Yoritada, took the Udaisho and Azechi posts away from Kaneie, and demoted him to Jibu-kyo (Minister of the Interior).
Japanese: 兼通は激怒して起き上がり、病身をおして参内して最後の除目を行い、関白を藤原頼忠に譲り、兼家の右大将・按察使の職を奪い、治部卿に格下げした。
English: Yoritada, who succeeded the Kanpaku post, felt pity for Kaneie and promoted him to U-daijin in 979 so that he could restore his power at the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 後任の関白の頼忠は、兼家を憐れんで天元(日本)元年（979年）に右大臣に進め廟堂に復権させた。
English: In the following year, together with Tendai-zasu (chief priest of the Tendai sect of Buddhism) Ryogen, he built Eshin-in Temple in Yokogawa of the Enryaku-ji Temple to execute his father's will.
Japanese: また、翌年には父の遺志を継いで天台座主良源とともに延暦寺延暦寺横川に恵心院を建立している。
English: Kaneie hoped that Senshi would become Chugu (the second consort of the Emperor), but in 982, Emperor Enyu appointed FUJIWARA no Junshi, a daughter of Yoritada, to the post of Chugu.
Japanese: 兼家は詮子を中宮に立てることを望むが、天元5年（982年）、円融天皇は頼忠の娘の藤原遵子を中宮となした。
English: Greatly disappointed, Kaneie, together with Senshi and Imperial Prince Yasuhito, refused to come out of residence in the Higashi-sanjo-dono Palace.
Japanese: 兼家は大いに失望して、以後、詮子、懐仁親王ともども東三條殿の邸宅に引きこもってしまった。
English: Emperor Enyu worried about the situation and sent a messenger to Higashi-sanjo, but Kaneie made no response.
Japanese: 円融天皇は憂慮して、使いを東三條へ送るがろくに返答もしない有様だった。
English: In July, 983, wishing to show Sumai no sechie (the Imperial ceremony of Sumo wrestling) to Imperial Prince Yasuhito, Emperor Enyu asked Kaneie to visit the Imperial Palace, but he declined the request, saying that he was sick.
Japanese: 永観2年（983年）7月、円融天皇は相撲節会を懐仁親王に見せたいと望み、兼家の参内を求めるが病と称して応じない。
English: The Emperor told him that 'I have been an Emperor for 16 years so far, and I have been planning to let the current Crown Prince (Emperor Kazan, a child of Emperor Reizei) ascend the throne. Then, I plan to appoint Yasuhito the Imperial Prince. I am sorry that you have been dissatisfied because you didn't know what I was thinking.'
Japanese: 天皇は「朕は在位して16年になり、位を東宮（花山天皇・冷泉天皇の皇子）に譲りたいと思っていた。その後は懐仁を東宮にするつもりだ。朕の心を知らずに不平を持っているようだが、残念だ」と諭した。
English: In August, Emperor Enyu kept his promise and let Imperial Prince Morosada ascend the throne (Emperor Kazan), and then, he appointed Imperial Prince Yasuhito Crown Prince.
Japanese: 約束通り、同年8月に円融天皇は師貞親王に位を譲り（花山天皇）、懐仁親王が東宮に立てられた。
English: Kaneie wished to become the Kanpaku, but Yoritada was still in the Kanpaku post, and furthermore, the Emperor's maternal uncle, Chunagon FUJIWARA no Yoshichika, was controlling the Imperial Court government.
Japanese: 兼家は関白を望むが、頼忠が依然として在任中であり、しかも朝政は天皇の外伯父の中納言藤原義懐が執っていた。
English: Emperor Kazan was not only lustful but also emotional, and upon the sudden death of his empress FUJIWARA no Shishi that he cared for deeply, he was so disheartened that he said he would enter the priesthood.
Japanese: 花山天皇は好色な上に情緒的な性格で、寵愛していた女御藤原忯子が急死すると、絶望して世を棄てることさえ言い出していた。
English: The second son of Kaneie, FUJIWARA no Michikane, therefore, strongly recommended the Emperor to enter the priesthood, and the Emperor seriously considered doing so.
Japanese: 兼家の二男の藤原道兼が天皇に出家をしきりと勧め、天皇もその気になってしまった。
English: On the night of June 22, 986, the Emperor left the Imperial Palace with Michikane.
Japanese: 寛和2年（986年）6月22日夜、天皇は道兼とともに禁裏を抜け出してしまった。
English: Michikane, however, left the temple saying that 'I would like to let my father see me for the last time before I enter the priesthood.'
Japanese: ところが、道兼は「出家する前の姿を最後に父に見せたい」と言い出して、去ってしまった。
English: The next morning, Chu-nagon FUJIWARA no Yoshichika and Sa-chuben (First Assistant Controller of the Left) FUJIWARA no Korenari ran to the Gankei-ji Temple only to find that Emperor Kazan was already a young Buddhist priest.
Japanese: 翌朝、中納言藤原義懐と左中弁藤原惟成が元慶寺に駆けつけるが、そこにいたのは小法師の姿になってしまった花山天皇だった。
English: He was the first Emperor's maternal grandfather to become a Sessho since FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa (maternal grandfather of Emperor Seiwa) became the first vassal to be appointed Sessho.
Japanese: 天皇の外祖父が摂政に就任するのは、人臣最初の摂政となった藤原良房（清和天皇外祖父）以来のことであった。
English: However, the superior officers of Kaneie, who at that time was a U-daijin, were Dajo-daijin FUJIWARA no Yoritada, who had been a Kanpaku, and Sa-daijin (Minister of the Left) MINAMOTO no Masanobu.
Japanese: ところが、当時右大臣であった兼家の上官には前関白の太政大臣藤原頼忠と左大臣の源雅信がいた。
English: Masanobu in particular had been serving as Sa-daijin since the reign of Emperor Enyu, and he was therefore much trusted by the Emperor when he became a cloistered emperor and so had a large influence on Dajokan (Grand Council of State).
Japanese: 特に雅信は円融天皇の時代から一上の職務を務め、法皇となった円融の信頼を背景に太政官に大きな影響力を与えていた。
English: Furthermore, as neither Yoritada nor Masanobu had any maternal relations with powerful imperial members who could succeed the throne, Kaneie could not remove them from politics by charging them for treason.
Japanese: しかも、頼忠も雅信も皇位継承可能な有力皇族との外戚関係がなかったために、謀叛などの罪を着せて排斥することも出来なかった。
English: Kaneie, then, in the same year, had himself treated as Jun-san-gu (officially a vassal but treated as a member of the Imperial family) of the Juichii rank and resigned as U-daijin, thus becoming the first Sessho who was formerly a minister (meaning that he was not concurrently serving as a minister).
Japanese: そこで兼家はこの年に従一位・准三宮の待遇を受けるとともに右大臣を辞して、初めて前職大臣身分（大臣と兼官しない）の摂政となった。
English: By resigning as U-daijin, he was no longer a subordinate of Yoritada or Masanobu, and as Jun-san-gu, his post was guaranteed to be higher than all the other vassals.
Japanese: 右大臣でなくなったことで兼家は頼忠・雅信の下僚の地位を脱却し、准三宮として他の全ての人臣よりも上位の地位を保障されたのである。
English: He also annoyed many people around him by rebuilding his own residence, Higashi-sanjo-den Palace, so that part of it would look like Seiryo-den Palace of Dairi (Imperial Palace), because young Emperor Ichijo lived there with his mother Senshi, by selecting his sons and brothers such as Michitaka or Michinaga as Court nobles, and by executing unreasonable personnel replacements such as replacing all officials with those who were in his own sect.
Japanese: また、一条天皇が幼少で母親の詮子とともに兼家の屋敷である東三条殿に居住している事を理由に建物の一部を内裏の清涼殿に模して建て替えたり、道隆や道長ら自分の子弟を公卿に抜擢したり、弁官を全て自派に差し替えるなどの強引な人事を行って顰蹙を買った。
English: Meanwhile, however, he made a certain contribution to political stabilization during the reign of Emperor Ichijo by recruiting capable individuals and working hard to rebuild the bureaucracy system by issuing new regulations
Japanese: その一方で有能な人材を登用を行い、新制を発布して官僚機構の再生を尽力するなど、一条朝における政治的安定にある程度までは貢献したと言える。
English: Kaneie trusted Sa-chuben FUJIWARA no Arikuni and U-chuben (First Assistant Controller of the Right) TAIRA no Korenaka saying that 'they are my right and left eyes.'
Japanese: 兼家は左中弁藤原有国、右中弁平惟仲を信任し、「まろの左右の目である」と称した。
English: Kaneie is said to have greatly trusted Uchifushi no miko and followed her every single word for anything.
Japanese: 打伏神子（うちふしのみこ）を甚だ信じ、動静全て彼女の言葉に従ったという。
English: In 989, in spite of Emperor Enyu's objection, Kaneie appointed his eldest son Michitaka Nai-daijin (Minister of the Center) to realize the first '4-minister system' in the history of Ritsuryo code-based politics, and after Yoritada died in the same year, Kaneie appointed himself Dajo-daijin to take over his post.
Japanese: 永祚(日本)元年（989年）、円融法皇の反対を押し切って長男・道隆を内大臣に任命して、律令制史上初めての「大臣4人制」を実現させ、更にこの年に頼忠が死去すると、その後任の太政大臣に就任した。
English: This event led to Kaneie's appointment to Kanpaku, but Kaneie let his son Michitaka take over the Kanpaku post 3 days after the appointment due to illness and entered the priesthood, and then he gave himself the Buddhist name Nyojitsu and lived in his villa Nijo-Kyogoku-dono Palace after renovating it into Hoko-in Temple until 2 months later, when he died of illness.
Japanese: これを機に関白に任じられるも、わずか3日で病気を理由に嫡男・道隆に関白を譲って出家、如実と号して別邸の二条京極殿を「法興院」という寺院に改めて居住したが、その2ヶ月後に病没した。
English: On November 23, he was promoted to Jusanmi while still serving as Kurodo no to and Sa-konoe-chujo (he set an example of a third rank official becoming Kurodo no to).
Japanese: 11月23日、従三位に昇叙し、蔵人頭・左近衛中将如元（三位で蔵人頭の例）
English: On October 11, 977, he resigned as U-konoe-Daisho and was additionally appointed Jibu-kyo (Minister of the Ministry of the Ceremonies).
Japanese: 977年（貞元(日本)2）10月11日、右近衛大将を止め、治部卿を兼任。
English: On June 24, 986, he became Sessho and the head of the Fujiwara clan by Imperial proclamation while still serving as U-daijin.
Japanese: 986年（寛和2）6月24日、摂政宣下、藤原氏長者宣下、右大臣如元。
English: On May 5, 990, he resigned as Sessho and Dajo-daijin but became Kanpaku by Imperial proclamation.
Japanese: 990年（永祚(日本)2）5月5日、摂政・太政大臣を辞すも関白宣下。
English: FUJIWARA no Kinsue (born in 956, birth date unknown - December 1, 1029) was a Kugyo (Court noble) who lived during the Heian Period.
Japanese: 藤原公季（ふじわらのきんすえ天暦10年(956年)-長元2年10月17日(旧暦)(1029年11月25日)）は、平安時代の公卿。
English: FUJIWARA no Koretada, FUJIWARA no Kanemichi, FUJIWARA no Kaneie, and FUJIWARA no Tamemitsu (all of whom were appointed Dajo-daijin (Chancellor of the Realm), and all but Tamemitsu were further appointed to Sekkan) were his older brothers, and FUJIWARA no Anshi, the Empress of Emperor Murakami, was his older sister.
Japanese: 藤原伊尹、藤原兼通、藤原兼家、藤原為光（いずれも太政大臣、為光を除く三人はさらに摂関を歴任）は兄、村上天皇の皇后藤原安子は姉。
English: His mother was Imperial Princess Yasuko, who was the legitimate older sister of Emperor Murakami, and as a young child he was raised in the Imperial Palace, since his mother died shortly after his birth.
Japanese: 村上天皇の同母姉康子内親王を母として生まれ、生後まもなく母が亡くなったことから幼少時は宮中で育てられた。
English: Kinsue was also known as Kanin Daijin (Minister), since he inherited and lived in Kanin-dono (Kanin Palace), the former residence of FUJIWARA no Futsugu, and so Kinsue's descendants were said to belong to the Kanin-ryu.
Japanese: 藤原冬嗣の邸宅だった閑院殿を公季が伝領し住んだことから、閑院大臣の別称があり、その子孫は閑院流と呼ばれる。
English: Kinsue served as Nai-daijin (Minister of the Center) during the reigns of both Emperors Ichijo and Sanjo, and attempted Kokyu-fuseki (sending female family members to live in the Kokyu Palace) by making his daughter FUJIWARA no Gishi become Kokiden no nyogo (Empress Kokiden) of Emperor Ichijo, but this plan failed, as no princesses were born.
Japanese: 公季は一条天皇・三条天皇の両朝を通して内大臣の任にあり、娘藤原義子を一条天皇の弘徽殿女御にして後宮布石を進めたが、皇子女が得られず失敗に終わった。
English: During the reign of Emperor Goichijo, as an old vassal he was promoted to Dajo-daijin in 1021 and granted the Shoichii rank (Senior First Rank) posthumously.
Japanese: 後一条天皇朝には老臣として治安(元号)元年（1021）太政大臣に昇進し、死後正一位の極位を賜った。
English: Kinsue's legitimate grandchild FUJIWARA no Kinnari, who was particularly favored by Kinsue in his last years, was promoted only up to Chu-nagon (Middle Counselor) while Kinsue was alive, but after his death, Kinnari's daughter FUJIWARA no Moshi (adopted daughter of FUJIWARA no Yoshinobu) gave birth to a prince who later became Emperor Shirakawa; this event brought luck to the clan, resulting in unexpected completion of the plan that Kinnari's grandfather, Kinsue, could not complete.
Japanese: 晩年の彼が特別に目をかけた嫡孫藤原公成は、生前の官位こそ中納言どまりであったが、死後、娘藤原茂子（藤原能信養女）が生んだ皇子が白河天皇となったことで一族の運を開き、祖父が成し遂げなかった事業を意外にも完成した。
English: From this point on, during the period of the cloistered government, females of the Kanin family dominated the Kokyu, and in the end, there were 25 Dojo families (Court noble families which have a hereditary right to be admitted to the Court) in this family line, including the Sanjo, Saionji, and Tokudaiji families, which were separated by three children of Dai-nagon FUJIWARA no Kinzane, the grandchild of Kinnari (the 5th generation down from Kinsue).
Japanese: 以後、院政期には閑院家の女子が後宮を制覇することになり、公成の孫（公季の5代孫）にあたる大納言藤原公実の三子によって分立した三条家、西園寺家、徳大寺家を筆頭に、この系統の公家は堂上家で25家を数える。
English: Gnecchi-Soldo Organtino (born in 1533, birth date unknown - April 22, 1609) was an Italian missionary who was engaged in missionary work in Japan during the late Sengoku Period (the Warring States Period).
Japanese: グネッキ・ソルディ・オルガンティノ（Gnecchi‐SoldoOrgantino,1533年-1609年4月22日）は戦国時代(日本)末期の日本で宣教活動を行ったイタリア人宣教師。
English: He had a pleasant personality and liked Japanese people, and Japanese people also liked him and called him 'Uruganbateren,' and while he lived in Kyoto for 30 years, he became an acquaintance of powerful individuals such as Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and became a witness to the violent and stormy Sengoku period.
Japanese: 人柄が良く、日本人が好きだった彼は「うるがんばてれん」と多くの日本人から慕われ、30年を京都で過ごす中で織田信長や豊臣秀吉などの時の権力者とも知己となり、激動の戦国時代の目撃者となった。
English: In Italian, his name was Organtino GNECCHI SOLDI.
Japanese: イタリア語読みでは、オルガンティーノ・ニェッキ・ソルディ(OrgantinoGNECCHISOLDI)。
English: Organtino was born in Casto in Northern Italy in 1533 and joined the Society of Jesus when he was 22 years old.
Japanese: 1533年北イタリアのカストで生まれたオルガンティノは22歳でイエズス会に入会した。
English: Organtino was in charge of missionary work in Kyoto from the beginning and, together with Luis Frois, engaged in missionary work in Kyoto, which was quite difficult.
Japanese: オルガンティノははじめから京都地区での宣教を担当し、ルイス・フロイスと共に京都での困難な宣教活動に従事した。
English: In 1576, Organtino built the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, which was also known as 'Nanban-dera Temple' in Kyoto.
Japanese: オルガンティノは1576年に京都に聖母被昇天教会いわゆる「南蛮寺」を完成。
English: In 1578, Ukon TAKAYAMA, who was in a difficult position between his own vassals and Murashige ARAKI during ARAKI's rebellion, sought advice from him as to what to do.
Japanese: 1578年、荒木村重の叛乱時には家臣と村重の間で板ばさみになった高山右近から去就について相談を受けた。
English: In 1580, he built a seminario (seminary) in Azuchi on land that he had directly requested from Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 1580年には安土で直接織田信長に願って与えられた土地にセミナリヨを建てた。
English: However, this seminario was abandoned when Azuchi-jo Castle was burned down after Nobunaga died an unnatural death in the Honnoji Incident.
Japanese: しかしこのセミナリヨは信長が本能寺の変で横死した後で安土城が焼かれた時に放棄された。
English: In 1583, he had an audience with Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and asked for new land to open a new seminario and was given land in Osaka; however, in the end the new seminario was built in Takatsuki, which was controlled by Ukon.
Japanese: 1583年には豊臣秀吉に謁見して新しいセミナリヨの土地を願い、大坂に与えられたが、結局、右近の支配する高槻に設置された。
English: When the first Ban on Christianity was issued in 1587, Nanban-dera Temple in Kyoto was destroyed and Ukon TAKAYAMA abandoned his territory in Akashi City.
Japanese: 1587年に最初の禁教令が出されると、京都の南蛮寺は打ち壊され、高山右近は明石市の領地を捨てた。
English: Organtino, together with Ukon, escaped to Shodo-shima Island, which was a territory under the control of Yukinaga KONISHI who ostensibly renounced Christianity, and gave instructions to Christians in Kyoto from there.
Japanese: オルガンティノは右近とともに表向き棄教した小西行長の領地・小豆島に逃れ、そこから京都の信徒を指導した。