nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The diameter of the round rear of this kofun nearly matches that of the round barrow of Himiko, 'a hundred odd bu' (a unit of volume), described in the "Gishiwajin-den."
Japanese: この古墳の後円部の直径が『魏志倭人伝』にある卑弥呼の円墳の直径「百余歩」にほぼ一致すること。
English: It is likely that the square front was added later, because the terrace structure that is found in the rounded rear vanishes in the square front.
Japanese: 後円部にある段構造が前方部で消失することから、前方部が後世に付け加えられた可能性があること。
English: Of all the large-scale kofun throughout the country, it was constructed in the earliest period.
Japanese: 大規模な古墳の中では、全国でももっとも早い時期に築造されたものであること。
English: Incidentally, a ri (a unit of distance) of the Wei-Jin period is believed to equal 300 bu, or 76 meters.
Japanese: ちなみに魏・晋時代の一里は300歩で、魏・晋時代の1里は76mとされている。
English: Further, wooden Wa-abumi (round stirrups, which are equestrian gear) were found in the heaped earth within the surrounding moat through the excavation research of the vicinity executed by the Sakurai City Board of Education in 2000.
Japanese: なお、桜井市教育委員会が2000年に実施した周辺部の発掘調査によって、周濠内の堆積土から木製の輪鐙（馬具）が発見されている。
English: On that basis, the understanding with regard to the inflow of the kiba culture (the equestrian culture) into the Japanese archipelago, as well as the diffusion of the kiba culture in East Asia, has been modified in order to reflect their earlier occurrences.
Japanese: これにより日本列島内への騎馬文化の流入および東アジアにおける騎馬文化の伝播の理解が従来よりも古く修正されることになった。
English: However, it is also possible that they are secondary artifacts belonging to later periods that have nothing to do with the construction period of the kofun itself, since they were unearthed from inside the surrounding moat.
Japanese: ただし周濠内からの出土であることから、古墳本体の築造年代とは関わりのない後世の二次的な出土物である可能性もある。
English: A ditch that is found on the southeast side of the rounded rear on the survey map is supposed to be associated with a teahouse that was run by a choja (millionaire), Hashinaka, around the foot during the Edo period.
Japanese: また、後円部南東の側面に測量図で溝が見られるのは、そのふもと近辺に江戸時代、箸中長者の経営する茶店がありその影響とも思われる。
English: It is said that candies and sweets were sold, mainly to travelers on pilgrimages to Ise, as special products.
Japanese: 主に伊勢参りの旅人を相手に飴・甘味が名物として売られていた、という。
English: The ditch diagonally dividing the square front and rounded rear on the survey map is the trail the villagers used before the burial mound became inaccessible.
Japanese: 測量図を見て前方部と後円部の境目に斜めについた溝は、進入禁止になる前に村人が使用した道の跡である。
English: Shosoin is a large warehouse with a raised floor in the Azekura-zukuri style (a style of architecture in which the sides of the building are made by placing logs across each other), which is located in the northwest of the Daibutsu-den Hall (the Great Buddha Hall) of Todai-ji Temple in Nara City.
Japanese: 正倉院（しょうそういん）は、奈良市の東大寺大仏殿の北西に位置する、高床の大規模な校倉造（あぜくらづくり）倉庫である。
English: A variety of arts and crafts were stored there, mainly from the Tenpyo culture, including articles associated with Emperor Shomu and Empress Komyo.
Japanese: 聖武天皇・光明皇后ゆかりの品をはじめとする、天平文化を中心とした多数の美術工芸品を収蔵していた。
English: Shosoin is registered as a World Heritage site (Cultural Heritage) as part of Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
Japanese: 「古都奈良の文化財」の一部として国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産（文化遺産）に登録されている。
English: In 1884, the Imperial Household Ministry assumed the administration of Shosoin after it had previously been administered by the Ministry of Interior (Japan) and then the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce.
Japanese: 内務省(日本)、農商務省と所管省庁は変遷し、1884年宮内省所管となった。
English: The Shosoin Office is an organization under the Imperial Household Agency ("Kunaicho" in Japanese) that manages the Shosoin treasures and Shosoin treasure house.
Japanese: 正倉院事務所は宮内庁の正倉院宝庫及び正倉院宝物を管理する施設等機関である。
English: The treasures in Shosoin are from Japan, China (Tang) and the western Orient as far as Persia, and include numerous paintings, calligraphy, metalwork, lacquerware, woodwork, swords, ceramics, glassware, musical instruments, and masks, thus constituting the creme of ancient arts and crafts.
Japanese: 正倉院の宝物には日本製品、中国（唐）や西域、遠くはペルシャなどからの輸入品を含めた絵画・書跡・金工・漆工・木工・刀剣・陶器・ガラス器・楽器・仮面など、古代の美術工芸の粋を集めた作品が多く残る。
English: In addition to these treasures are the Shosoin archives ("Shosoin Monjo" in Japanese), which are important historical records that aid in the understanding of Japan during the Nara period; historical articles related to the Todai-ji Temple Great Buddha Eye-Opening ceremony; and ancient medicines, all of which make Shosoin one of the greatest reservoirs of cultural assets to be found.
Japanese: ほかに、奈良時代の日本を知るうえで貴重な史料である正倉院文書（もんじょ）、東大寺大仏開眼法要に関わる歴史的な品や古代の薬品なども所蔵され、文化財の一大宝庫である。
English: Records have revealed that many warehouses were built in government offices and large temples during the Nara period.
Japanese: 奈良時代の役所や大寺院には多数の倉が並んでいたことが記録から知られる。
English: They were built in administrative offices (including the Treasury Ministry, or "Okurasho" in Japanese) to keep rice and other articles from different regions, which were paid as a tax during the Nara period.
Japanese: 奈良時代に各地から上納された米穀や物品などを保管するため、大蔵省をはじめとする役所に設けられたものであった。
English: Additionally, large temples had warehouses in which to keep the articles offered by their estates, as well as temple household goods and treasures.
Japanese: また、大寺にはそれぞれの寺領から納められた品や、寺の什器宝物などを収蔵する倉があった。
English: This warehouse was called "shoso," and a fenced-off area containing a shoso was called "shosoin."
Japanese: これを正倉といい、正倉のある一画を塀で囲ったものを「正倉院」といった。
English: Each of the Seven Great Temples of Nara once had its own "shosoin," but they were all lost except for the one in Todai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 南都七大寺にはそれぞれ正倉院があったが、のちに廃絶して東大寺のもののみが残っている。
English: Therefore, the name of 'Shosoin' is now a proper noun that specifically means the treasure house located in the northwest of Daibutsu-den Hall, Todai-ji Temple.
Japanese: このため、「正倉院」は東大寺大仏殿北西に所在する宝庫を指す固有名詞と化している。
English: In the year 756, Empress Komyo dedicated approximately 650 items associated with her late husband, Emperor Shomu, along with approximately 60 kinds of medicines, to Rushanabutsu (Great Buddha) on the forty-ninth day after the Emperor's death.
Japanese: 756年（天平勝宝8歳）、光明皇后は、夫聖武天皇の七七忌に、天皇遺愛の品約650点と、約60種の薬物を東大寺の廬舎那仏（大仏）に奉献した。
English: Empress Komyo dedicated articles associated with Emperor Shomu and herself to the Great Buddha on three different occasions.
Japanese: その後も光明皇后は3度にわたって、自身や聖武天皇ゆかりの品を大仏に奉献している。
English: These articles are listed among the five kinds of Kenmotsu Cho (list of treasures dedicated to a temple) still in existence.
Japanese: これらの献納品については、現存する5種類の「献物帳」と呼ばれる文書に目録が記されている。
English: The treasure house in Shosoin is divided into three sections; Hokuso (north section), Chuso (middle section) and Nanso (south section).
Japanese: 正倉院宝庫は、北倉（ほくそう）、中倉（ちゅうそう）、南倉（なんそう）の3つに区分されている。
English: The articles associated with Emperor Shomu and Empress Komyo were kept in Hokuso; the articles used in the rituals of Todai-ji Temple, written documents and articles related to the Office of Todai-ji Temple Construction ("Zotodaiji shi" in Japanese) were kept in Chuso.
Japanese: 北倉にはおもに聖武天皇・光明皇后ゆかりの品が収められ、中倉には東大寺の儀式関係品、文書記録、造東大寺司関係品などが収められていた。
English: In the year 950, when the twin warehouses called Narabikura of Kensakuin (the official treasure houses of the Todai-ji Temple) were damaged, the items originally kept there were moved to Nanso, Shosoin.
Japanese: また、950年（天暦4年）、東大寺内にあった羂索院（けんさくいん）の双倉（ならびくら）が破損した際、そこに収められていた物品が正倉院南倉に移されている。
English: The treasures kept in Nanso include Buddhist altar fittings and the articles used in Kaigen-e (the ceremony of "kaigen "whereby a newly built Buddhist image is brought to life by having its eyes opened) for the statue of Birushana Buddha in Todai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 南倉宝物には、仏具類のほか、東大寺盧舎那仏像開眼会（かいげんえ）に使用された物品なども納められていた。
English: Later, in 1185, these Buddhist altar fittings were used by Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa in the Kaigen-e of the restored Buddha statue.
Japanese: ただし、1185年の後白河法皇による大仏再興時の開眼会に宝物の仏具類が用いられた。
English: Additionally, over time the treasures were often taken out of the warehouses for repair or some other reason.
Japanese: そのほか、長い年月の間には、修理などのために宝物が倉から取り出されることがたびたびあった。
English: Some of them were then returned to the wrong warehouse, consequently losing their original places.
Japanese: 返納の際に違う倉に戻されたものなどがあって、宝物の所在場所はかなり移動している。
English: The reclassification of the articles by warehouse (as mentioned above) is based on modern research of cultural properties after the Meiji period.
Japanese: 上述のような倉ごとの品物の区分は明治時代以降、近代的な文化財調査が行われるようになってから再整理されたものである。
English: Not all the items listed on Kenmotsu Cho still exist, and many of them, such as weapons, medicines, books and musical instruments, were taken out of the warehouses when they were needed but never returned.
Japanese: 「献物帳」記載の品がそのまま現存しているわけではなく、武器類、薬物、書巻、楽器などは必要に応じて出蔵され、そのまま戻らなかった品も多い。
English: Many swords were taken out in FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War, and instead swords different from those listed in Kenmotsu Cho were returned.
Japanese: 刀剣類などは藤原仲麻呂の乱の際に大量に持ち出され、「献物帳」記載の品とは別の刀剣が代わりに返納されている。
English: Out of the three warehouses of Shosoin, Hokuso in particular was placed under strict administration from early on, since it held the articles associated with Emperor Shomu and Empress Komyo.
Japanese: 正倉院の三倉のなかでも特に北倉は聖武天皇・光明皇后ゆかりの品を収めることから、早くから厳重な管理がなされていた。
English: Opening the door of the treasure house required an inspection by an imperial envoy ("chokushi" in Japanese).
Japanese: 宝庫の扉の開封には勅使（天皇からの使い）が立ち会うことが必要とされていた。
English: The word "Chokufu" (Imperial seal) originally meant to lock by twisting paper with the emperor's signature around a key.
Japanese: なお「勅封」という言葉は本来「天皇の署名入りの紙を鍵に巻きつけて施錠すること」を指す。
English: The Shosoin treasure house became Chokufu in this strict sense after the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 正倉院宝庫がこの厳密な意味での「勅封」になったのは室町時代以降である。
English: However some written records in the Heian period also express Shosoin as a Chokufu warehouse, so we can regard it as practically Chokufu even then.
Japanese: しかし、平安時代の各種文書記録にも正倉院を「勅封蔵」と表現しており、事実上の勅封であったと見なして差し支えないといわれる。
English: In the mid-Heian period, all three warehouses (north, middle and south) were regarded as Chokufu warehouses, but later the south section became "Kofu," administered by temple and monk organizations run, for example, by the head secretary of Todai-ji Temple instead of by Chokufu.
Japanese: 平安時代中期には北・中・南の三倉とも勅封蔵と見なされていたが、東大寺の什器類を納めていた南倉のみは、後に勅封から綱封（東大寺別当らの寺僧組織が管理する）に改められた。
English: After the whole of Shosoin was placed under administration by the Meiji Government in 1875, the south section reverted back to Chokufu.
Japanese: 1875年（明治8年）、正倉院全体が明治政府の管理下におかれてからは南倉も再び勅封となっている。
English: Some of the treasures were opened to the public in the cloister of the Great Buddha Hall of Todai-ji Temple as part of the Nara Exhibition, which was held annually from 1875 to 1880.
Japanese: 1875年～1880年、毎年開催された奈良博覧会の一環として、東大寺大仏殿回廊で、一部が一般に公開された。
English: From 1889 to 1940, limited numbers of people were given the opportunity to see some of the treasures in Shosoin on display shelves during "bakuryo" (the regularly held airing of treasures).
Japanese: 1889年～1940年では、正倉院内の陳列棚を設けて、曝涼（宝物の「虫干し」のことで定期的に行われる）の際に限られた人々に拝観を許していた。
English: Moreover, Shosoin sometimes opened especially for foreign high-level public officials (for example, Great Britain's Crown Prince, who visited in 1992).
Japanese: また、外国の高官のため、特に開封することもあった（例、1922年英国皇太子拝観）。
English: This opening was for the Special Exhibition of Imperial Articles in Shosoin, held at the Imperial Museum, Tokyo, to commemorate the 2,600 years of the Imperial era.
Japanese: 皇紀2600年記念として東京の帝室博物館で開催された正倉院御物特別展であった。
English: Subsequent to the war, each autumn since 1946, the exhibition has been held at Nara National Museum inside Nara Park near to Shosoin, in accordance with the two-month airing.
Japanese: 戦後、1946年からは毎年秋、2ヶ月の曝涼にあわせて、近隣の奈良公園内にある奈良国立博物館で開催されるようになった。
English: It takes approximately 40 days before and after the exhibition for curators to carefully hand-check the items to be displayed.
Japanese: 学芸員が手作業で点検と陳列を慎重に行うがそれに前後約40日の時間を必要とする。
English: The front of Shosoin is approximately 33.1m wide, the inside depth is approximately 9.3m, and the height of the columns under the floor is approximately 2.5m.
Japanese: 規模は正面約33.1メートル、奥行約9.3メートル、床下の柱の高さ約2.5メートルである。
English: It is not known exactly when Shosoin was built, but it is generally accepted as around 756, when Empress Komyo dedicated the late Emperor Shomu's favorite articles to the Daibutsu.
Japanese: 建立時期は不明だが、光明皇后が夫聖武天皇の遺愛の品を大仏に奉献した756年（天平勝宝8）前後とみるのが通説である。
English: We know that it was already built by 759 because there were records of the treasures being taken in and out that year and the year after.
Japanese: 759年（天平宝字3年）以降、宝物出納の記録が残っていることから、この年までに建立されていたことがわかる。
English: The original building structure of Shosoin is not known, and according to a written record there remained only one treasure house by the late Heian period.
Japanese: 当初の正倉院の建物構成についてはわかっておらず、記録によれば、平安末期には現存する宝庫1棟を残すのみであったらしい。
English: Horizontal materials called "daiwa" (architraves) are placed on 10 x 4 columns built under a floor.
Japanese: 床下には10列×4列の柱を建て、その上に台輪（だいわ）と呼ぶ水平材を置く。
English: To build a wall (called Azekura-zukuri) on top of the daiwa, Hokuso and Nanso have a layer of 20 wooden beams the section of which is triangular ("azeki" in Japanese).
Japanese: この上に北倉と南倉は校木（あぜぎ）という断面三角形の材を20段重ねて壁体をつくり、校倉造とする。
English: Only Chuso is not in the Azekura-zukuri style but is instead in the "Itakura" style, having been made by dropping thick wood panels between columns.
Japanese: ただし、中倉のみは校倉造ではなく、柱と柱の間に厚板を落とし込んだ「板倉」で、構造が異なる。
English: There are various theories as to why only Chuso has a different structure and whether it is actually the original style.
Japanese: なぜ、中倉のみ構造が異なるのか、当初からこのような形式であったのかどうかについては、諸説ある。
English: The treasure house of Shosoin was referred to as twin warehouses (called "soso" or "narabikura" in Japanese) in a document written during the Nara period.
Japanese: 奈良時代の文書には、正倉院宝庫のことを「双倉」（そうそう、ならびくら）と称しているものがある。
English: For that reason, the original form of Shosoin was considered to be the Azekura-style of Hokuso and Nanso, which were the only warehouses, while the center Chuso part was open to the breeze without the use of wall or floor panels.
Japanese: このことから、元来の正倉院は北側と南側の校倉部分のみが倉庫で、中倉にあたる中間部は、壁もなく床板も張らない吹き放しであったと考えられる。
English: It has been assumed that the benefit of the azekura-style was that it helped in the preservation of articles by maintaining a stable interior environment because, when the humidity is high, the wood swells and prevents moisture from entering the warehouse.
Japanese: 校倉の利点として、湿度の高い時には木材が膨張して外部の湿気が入るのを防ぎ、倉庫内の環境を一定に保ち、物の保存に役立ったという説があった。
English: On the other hand, when the outside air is dry the wood constricts and spaces appear, thereby allowing the breeze to pass through.
Japanese: 逆に外気が乾燥している時は木材が収縮して材と材の間に隙間ができて風を通す。
English: However, because the logs carry the heavy load of the roof there is no room for azeki (corner logs) to swell or contract, so this theory cannot be correct.
Japanese: しかし、実際には、重い屋根荷重がかかる校木が伸縮する余地はなく、この説は否定されている。
English: Also, this construction method is very similar to the one used to a assemble a log cabin, and therefore Shosoin is sometimes referred to as the oldest log cabin in Japan.
Japanese: また、この工法はログハウスの丸太組み工法とほぼ同様であることから、『日本最古のログハウス』と称されることもある。
English: Also, it is the only relic that gives a true picture of "shoso" in the Nara period, so it is an extremely important part of architectural history.
Japanese: また、奈良時代の「正倉」の実態を伝える唯一の遺構として、建築史的にもきわめて価値の高いものである。
English: The East Treasure House was built in 1952 and the West Treasure House in 1962, both of concrete, and the treasures were moved there in 1963.
Japanese: 1952年に鉄筋コンクリート造の東宝庫、1962年には同じく鉄筋コンクリート造の西宝庫が完成し、翌1963年、宝物類はそちらへ移された。
English: Today, most of the treasures are kept in the West Treasure House, while the East Treasure House holds articles undergoing repair and many textiles for which the West Treasure House does not have sufficient space.
Japanese: 現在、宝物の大部分は西宝庫に収納、東宝庫には修理中の品や、西宝庫に収納スペースのない、大量の染織品が収納されている。
English: The Grand Steward's Secretariat, Imperial Household Agency, the Board of Chamberlains of the Imperial Household Agency, Imperial Household Archives, The Museum of the Imperial Collections ("Sannnomaru Shozokan" in Japanese), the Imperial Household Agency Kyoto Office and the Shosoin Office administer the imperial properties, which the nation owns.
Japanese: 皇室用財産は国有財産であり、宮内庁の各部局（宮内庁長官官房、宮内庁侍従職、宮内庁書陵部、三の丸尚蔵館、宮内庁京都事務所、正倉院事務所が管理する。
English: These properties are not included among the objects to be protected by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, since the Imperial Household Agency asserts that it fully administers the properties.
Japanese: これら一連の文化財は「宮内庁による十分な「管理」が行われている」との宮内庁見解にもとづき、文化財保護法による指定の対象外となっている。
English: Consequently, neither the Shosoin building nor its treasures have been designated as national treasures or important cultural properties.
Japanese: そのため、正倉院の建物や宝物も国宝・重要文化財等には一切指定されていなかった。
English: It was decided to list the Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara as a UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage site.
Japanese: 「古都奈良の文化財」が国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産として登録されることになった。
English: One of the conditions for the listing of cultural sites is that they must be protected by the law of the country in which they are located, so on May 19, 1997 the Shosoin building was designated as a national treasure regulated by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, under the name of "Shosoin Shoso."
Japanese: 登録されるにあたり、当該文化財が所在国の法律によって保護の対象となっていることが条件であることから、正倉院の建物も、正倉院正倉として1997年5月19日、文化財保護法による国宝に指定された。
English: Shogozo, another small warehouse in the Azekura-zukuri style, stands on the premises of Shosoin.
Japanese: 正倉院の構内にはもう1棟、小型の校倉造倉庫が建ち、「聖語蔵（しょうごぞう）」と呼ばれている。
English: Approximately 5,000 of the scriptures kept there were dedicated to the Imperial Family in 1894.
Japanese: ここに収蔵されていた経巻類約5,000点は明治27年（1894年）に皇室に献納された。
English: Torige Ritsujo no Byobu: A six-panel folding screen of painted women dressed in the Tang style
Japanese: 鳥毛立女屏風（とりげりつじょのびょうぶ）：唐風の女性が描かれた六扇の屏風。
English: Raden Shitan no Gogen Biwa: A five-string biwa decorated with turtle shell and seashell or precious metal inlay
Japanese: 螺鈿紫檀五絃琵琶（らでんしたんのごげんびわ）：鼈甲（べっこう）や螺鈿（らでん）の象嵌があしらわれた五絃の琵琶
English: Taimai Raden Hakkaku no Hako (a box decorated with seashell inlay)
Japanese: たい瑁螺鈿八角箱（たいまいらでんはっかくのはこ、「たい」は王扁に「毒」）
English: Records remain to indicate that Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA, Nobunaga ODA, Emperor Meiji cut it out.
Japanese: 足利義政、織田信長、明治天皇らがこれを切り取った旨の記録が残されている。
English: Todai-ji Kenmotsu Cho: Catalogs made when Empress Komyo dedicated articles associated with the late Emperor Shomu, among others, to Great Buddha in Todai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 東大寺献物帳：光明皇后が聖武天皇の遺品などを東大寺大仏へ献納した際の目録。
English: The Asuka Capital site, located in Oka, Asuka Village, Takaichi County, Nara Prefecture, is an Asuka-period archaeological site.
Japanese: 飛鳥京跡（あすかきょうあと）は奈良県高市郡明日香村岡にある飛鳥時代の遺跡。
English: The site is thought to be the palace of the emperors (the kings [of the Yamato sovereign]) that was built in the Asuka area noted in Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), etc.
Japanese: 日本書紀などに記述される飛鳥におかれた天皇（大王(ヤマト王権)）の宮の跡地であると考えられている。
English: The remains discovered during the initial archaeological survey were designated as a national historical site and registered as Den Asuka Itabuki Miya Ato (the legendary site of Asuka Itabuki Miya).
Japanese: 初期の発掘調査で見つかった遺構についても国の指定史跡として伝飛鳥板蓋宮跡（でんあすかいたぶきみやあと）として登録されている。
English: In the area where archaeological research has progressed, it has been discovered that the remains of different ages were found in the sequence of archaeological layers.
Japanese: 発掘調査が進んでいる区域では、時期の異なる遺構が重なって存在することがわかっている。
English: It is thought that the remains of the three periods are as follows: first period, Okamoto no Miya Palace (630 - 636); second period, Itabuki no Miya Palace (643 - 645 or 655); and third period, Okamoto no Miya (656 - 660) and Asuka Kiyohara no Miya Palace (672 - 694).
Japanese: それぞれ、Ⅰ期が岡本宮（630～636年）、Ⅱ期が板蓋宮（643～645年、655年）、Ⅲ期が岡本宮（656～660年）、飛鳥浄御原宮（672～694年）、の遺構であると考えられている。
English: Judging from the result of examining the age of the artifacts that have been excavated from the site, it is very probable that the remains of the third period were Nochino Asuka no Okamoto no Miya Palace and Asuka Kiyomihara no Miya Palace.
Japanese: Ⅲ期の後飛鳥岡本宮・飛鳥浄御原宮については出土した遺物の年代考察からかなり有力視されている。
English: In the south area, a large building site measuring 20 meters by 11.2 meters has been found.
Japanese: 南区画の方は20×11.2メートルの大規模な建物跡が確認されている。
English: Other than the above two areas, there is an area called 'Ebinoko-kaku' (Ebinoko enclosure) (so named because it was located in the subsection of the village called 'Ebinoko'), where the large hottate building (called the Ebinoko grand palace) measuring 29.2 meters by 15.3 meters and the canopies on four sides were discovered.
Japanese: この他に、「エビノコ郭」（小字「エビノコ」にあることからこの名にしている）と呼ばれる一画があり、29.2×15.3メートルで四面ひさし付きの大型の掘立建物（エビノコ大殿と名付けられている）が発見されている。
English: The building is surrounded by the moat, and its length is more than 100 meters from north to south and approximately 100 meters from east to west, where the hottate-bashira columns were erected.
Japanese: その周辺を南北100メートル以上、東西約100メートルの掘立柱の塀で囲まれている。
English: Some Bokusho-mokkan (a narrow wooden strip on which some words are written in black ink called 'sumi') on which some Chinese characters are written, such as 'Kanotomi' (辛巳年),' 'Otsu-no-miko' (大津皇子 ［Prince Otsu]) and 'Okume' (大来), were discovered in the outer area of the gaikaku.
Japanese: 外郭の外側から「辛巳年」（かのとみ）「大津皇子」「大来」等と書かれた墨書木簡が発見されている。
English: It can be estimated that those characters refer to the following: 'Kanotomi' means Tenmu 10th year (681), and 'Okume' means the name of Prince Otomo's sister, Okume-no-miko (Princess Okume).
Japanese: 「辛巳年」は天武10年(681)、「大来」は大友皇子の姉の大来（伯）皇女の名と推定できる。
English: Therefore, if we assume that the remains of the top layer comprise the palace building, it is reasonable to consider that the widely accepted theory is that the remains are the Emperor Tenmu's Asuka Kiyomihara no Miya Palace.
Japanese: このこと等から、この最上段の層の遺構を宮殿建築と想定すると天武天皇の飛鳥浄御原宮と見なす説が有力である。
English: Because the overall range of remains hasn't yet been defined, archaeological research by which to specify the range has been conducted.
Japanese: 遺構の全体の範囲はまだわかっておらず、範囲特定のための発掘調査も行なわれている。
English: However, the site located 600 meters north of the palace site is also called the 'Asuka capital site.'
Japanese: しかし、宮殿遺構の600メートル北の遺跡についても「飛鳥京跡」と指し示される。
English: Sometimes the garden site (Asuka Kyo Ato Enchi iko [the site of a large pond in the garden located in the Asuka capital site]), which is located northwest of the palace site, is introduced as 'the garden pond site found within the Asuka capital site.'
Japanese: また、宮殿遺構の北西の庭園跡（飛鳥京跡苑池遺構）についても「飛鳥京跡で見つかった苑池遺構」と紹介されることもある。
English: Apparently, the range of 'Asuka capital site' isn't always the same for some people and in some cases.
Japanese: 「飛鳥京跡」が指し示す対象範囲は人と場合により必ずしも一定ではないようである。
English: The area, which corresponds to the emperor's residence, stretches 152 to 158 meters from east to west and 197 meters from north to south.
Japanese: そこでは天皇の居住空間に相当する区画は東西152～158メートル、南北197メートルである。
English: The two emperors, Kogyoku and Saimei, used Itabuki no Miya Palace and the two successive emperors, Tenmu and Jito, used Asuka Kiyohara no Miya Palace.
Japanese: 板蓋宮は皇極・斉明天皇の2代の天皇、飛鳥浄御原宮は天武・持統天皇の2代の天皇がそれぞれ使用した。
English: This indicates that people of the time felt that a palace should be used by many emperors rather than used as an angu (the palace where the emperor lived temporarily) for one emperor.
Japanese: こうした状況は、当時の宮は、天皇一代限りの行宮という考え方ではなく、何代もの天皇の宮として使用されるものとの考え方に変わってきていることが分かる。
English: The Asuka no Miya Palace represented the turning point of a form of capital that was changing from one that would be moved each time a new emperor changed his palace to a capital that was established in one place.
Japanese: つまり、飛鳥宮は、移りゆく宮から固定した都へと変化する転換点であった。
English: Nara National Museum is a museum in Noborioji-cho, Nara City, Nara Prefecture operated by an Independent Administrative Institution, National Institutes for Cultural Heritage.
Japanese: 奈良国立博物館（ならこくりつはくぶつかん）は、奈良県奈良市登大路町にある、独立行政法人国立文化財機構が運営する博物館である。