nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: It is said that he cut Kisabro's head in his third try after first hitting Kisaburo's shoulder and then, his head.
Japanese: 一回目は肩に当たり、二回目は斬り損ねて頭に当たり、三回目で漸く首を斬り落としたという。
English: It is said that Kobungo had said at the time: "I have never imagined people capable of making such agonizing sound."
Japanese: この時、「人間、あれ程悲しい声が出るとは思わなかった」と述懐したといわれている。
English: After that, Kawai's family held a grudge against Kobungo, and Kobungo was attacked by someone (probably a Kawai's relative) injuring his neck.
Japanese: その後、河合の家族に恨みを持たれ、縁者らしき者に襲われ、首を負傷する。
English: He survived, but his neck was skewed because of the injury and inappropriate treatment.
Japanese: 一命は取り留めたが、その傷と治療が原因で首が横に曲がったままになった。
English: He later became a corporal and fought in the Battle of Toba and Fushimi started in January 1868.
Japanese: 後に伍長を務め、慶応4年（1868年）1月に勃発した鳥羽・伏見の戦いに参戦。
English: Kiyomitsu TORII (鳥居 清満, 1735 - May 11, 1785) was an Ukiyoe artist who was active in the Torii school of Ukiyoe in the early Edo period.
Japanese: 鳥居清満（とりいきよみつ、享保20年（1735年）-天明5年4月3日(旧暦)（1785年5月11日）は、江戸時代初期の鳥居派で活躍した浮世絵師。
English: Soseki NATSUME (February 9, 1867 - December 9, 1916) was a novelist, critic, and scholar of English literature.
Japanese: 夏目漱石（なつめそうせき、慶応3年1月5日(旧暦)（1867年2月9日）-大正5年（1916年）12月9日）は、日本の小説家、評論家、イギリス文学者。
English: He was a great writer in the Meiji and Taisho periods ranked with Ogai MORI, and is widely known for his works including "Wagahai wa neko dearu" (I am a CAT) and "Kokoro."
Japanese: 『吾輩は猫である』『こゝろ』などの作品で広く知られる、森鴎外と並ぶ明治・大正時代の文豪である。
English: After graduating from the English Literature Department of Teikoku University (later, Tokyo University), he once taught at schools, including Matsuyama chugaku (Matsuyama Junior High School), and went to England to study.
Japanese: 帝国大学（後に東京大学）英文科卒業後、松山中学などの教師を務めた後、イギリスへ留学。
English: After returning to Japan, he wrote 'Wagahai wa neko dearu' for the magazine "Hototogisu," while teaching at Tokyo University.
Japanese: 帰国後東大講師を勤めながら、「吾輩は猫である」を雑誌『ホトトギス(雑誌)』に発表。
English: His portrait was printed on Series D 1000 yen Bank of Japan banknote, which was issued from 1984 to 2004.
Japanese: 昭和59年（1984年）から平成16年（2004年）まで発行された日本銀行券千円紙幣D号券に肖像が採用された。
English: On February 9, 1867, he was born as the youngest child (fifth son) of Kohei Naokatsu NATSUME, mayor of Ushigome Babashita in Edo, which post had been handed down through the family for generations.
Japanese: 慶応3年1月5日（1867年2月9日）、江戸の牛込馬場下で数代前から続く町方名主、夏目小兵衛直克の末子（五男）として出生。
English: Since it is said that his mother was embarrassed by having him because she had already had a lot of children and it was late maternity, he might have been an undesired child.
Japanese: 母は子沢山の上に高齢で出産した事から「面目ない」と恥じたといい、漱石は望まれない子として生まれたといえる。
English: He was named Kinnosuke, to which the letter Kin was given for warding off evil fortune, because he was born on the day of Koshin (it was believed that a baby born on this day would grow up to be a master thief).
Japanese: 金之助という名前は、生まれた日が庚申庚申の日（この日生まれた赤子は大泥棒になるという迷信があった）だったので、厄除けの意味で「金」の文字が入れられた。
English: In those days, as his family, the house of the mayor, might have become ruined in the confusion after the collapse of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), he was fostered by a family that owned a secondhand shop (or in another opinion, a vegetable store) in Yotsuya immediately after birth; however, his sister felt pity for him, who was left sleeping among the goods until late at night, and took him back home.
Japanese: 当時は江戸幕府崩壊後の混乱期であり生家は名主として没落しつつあったのか、生後すぐに四谷の古道具屋（一説には八百屋）に里子に出されるが、夜中まで品物の隣に並んで寝ているのを見た姉が不憫に思い実家へ連れ戻した。
English: Due to his foster parents' marital discord for some reasons including his foster father Shonosuke's infidelity, he temporarily returned to his birth parents' home with his foster mother at the age of seven.
Japanese: しかし、養父昌之助の女性問題が発覚するなど家庭不和になり、7歳の時、養母とともに一時生家に戻る。
English: Due to his foster parents' divorce, he returned to his birth parents' home at the age of nine, but since his birth father was in conflict with his foster father, he could not be returned to his original family register of the Natsume family until he became 21.
Japanese: 養父母の離婚により、9歳の時、生家に戻るが、実父と養父の対立により21歳まで夏目家への復籍が遅れた。
English: He was troubled by his foster father Shonosuke, who came to him asking for money or something, after he began working for Asahi Shimbun Company; that relationship lasted until his birth father died.
Japanese: この養父昌之助には、漱石が朝日新聞社に入社してから、金の無心をされるなど実父が死ぬまで関係が続く。
English: He wrote about his relationship with his foster parents in his autobiographical novel "Michikusa" (Grass on the Wayside).
Japanese: 養父母との関係は、後の自伝的小説『道草(小説)』の題材にもなっている。
English: While he was in domestic trouble, he transferred from Shinjuku kuritsu Aijitsu shogakko to Chiyoda kuritsu Ochanomizu shogakko, and to Kinka shogakko; the reason for transferring to the last one was considered to have been in preparation for entering Tokyofu daiichi chugaku.
Japanese: 家庭のごたごたのなか、新宿区立愛日小学校を経て千代田区立お茶の水小学校と小学校を転校していた漱石だったが、錦華小学校への転校理由は東京府第一中学への入学が目的であったともされている。
English: At the age of 12, he entered Tokyofu daiichi chugaku seisokuka (later furitsu icchu, present Tokyo toritsu Hibiya senior high school).
Japanese: 12歳の時、東京府第一中学正則科（のちの府立一中、現在の東京都立日比谷高等学校）に入学。
English: He left seisokuka in his second year of the school partly because the school had no class for English, which was a compulsory subject of entrance examination of Preparatory School of the University of Tokyo (Daigaku Yobimon), and partly because he desired to study the Chinese classics and literature.
Japanese: しかし、大学予備門受験に必須であった英語の授業が行われていない正則科に入学したことと、また漢学・文学を志すため2年ほどで中退した。
English: Even after leaving the school, he pretended to go to school with a lunch for fear of being scolded by his oldest brother Daisuke.
Japanese: 中退ののちも長兄・大助に咎められるのを嫌い弁当をもって一中に通う振りをしていた。
English: In this school, he developed the Confucian ethical view, oriental aesthetic, and sense of Edo people, all of which are seen in the novels he wrote later.
Japanese: ここで後の小説で見られる儒教的な倫理観、東洋的美意識や江戸的感性が磨かれていく。
English: Daisuke left Daigaku Nanko before graduation because of sickness and worked as a translator at the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department (under Naimusho); Daisuke placed confidence in his bright youngest brother Soseki, and intended him to graduate from a university to succeed in life and to restore the Natsume family.
Japanese: 長兄は病気で大学南校を中退し、警視庁(内務省)で翻訳係をしていたが、出来の良かった末弟の金之助を見込み、大学を出て立身出世をさせることで夏目家再興の願いを果たそうとしていた。
English: Two years later, in 1883, since Soseki had to study English to prepare for the entrance examination of Daigaku Yobimon (later, daiichi kotogakko), he entered Eigakujuku Seiritsugakusha (which has no connection with present Seiritsugakuen senior high school) at Surugadai in Kanda and distinguished himself.
Japanese: 2年後の明治16年（1883年）、大学予備門（のちの第一高等学校(旧制)）を受験するには英語が必須であったため神田駿河台の英学塾成立学舎（現在の成立学園高等学校とは無関係）に入学し、頭角をあらわした。
English: He passed the examination partly thanks to his friend, who had a seat next to him, letting him steal a glance at the answers during the examination.
Japanese: 大学予備門受験当日、隣席の友人に答えをそっと教えて貰っていたことも幸いした。
English: When he was a student of Daigaku Yobimon, he had Yoshikoto NAKAMURA, a future president of the South Manchuria Railway Company, as a fellow lodger in his boarding house.
Japanese: 大学予備門時代、この時の下宿仲間に後の南満州鉄道総裁になる中村是公がいる。
English: In the same year, Soseki suffered appendicitis and could not take the examination for promotion to the preparatory course II, and had to repeat a year as Yoshikoto did.
Japanese: その年、漱石は虫垂炎を患い、予科二級の進級試験が受けられず是公と共に落第する。
English: There is an episode that he evaded conscription by moving his registered address to Hokkaido so as not to become a Grade One conscript.
Japanese: 本籍地は北海道に移し、徴兵検査で甲種合格になることを避けたという逸話がある。
English: In 1889, Soseki had a new classmate Shiki MASAOKA, who was to significantly influence him in literature and personality.
Japanese: 明治22年（1889年）、同窓生として漱石に多大な文学的・人間的影響を与えることになる正岡子規と、初めて出会う。
English: When "Nanakusashu," a collection of Shiki's works including Chinese-style poetry and haiku, was passed round the classmates, Soseki added his comment in Chinese at the end of the collection, which was the beginning of real friendship between Shiki and Soseki.
Japanese: 子規が手がけた漢詩や俳句などの文集『七草集』が学友らの間で回覧されたとき、漱石がその批評を巻末に漢文で書いたことから、本格的な友情が始まる。
English: The name 'Soseki' originated from 'Soseki Chinryu' (rinsing his mouth with a stone and resting his head on a pillow of flowing water), a phrase from a historical event written in "Shinjo" in the Tang dynasty, which is a simile of 'bad loser' and 'perverse person.'
Japanese: 漱石の名は、唐代の『晋書』にある故事「漱石枕流」（石に漱〔くちすす〕ぎ流れに枕す）から取ったもので、負け惜しみの強いこと、変わり者の例えである。
English: Shiki had a lot of pen names, including 'Soseki,' which Shiki later gave to Soseki.
Japanese: 「漱石」は子規の数多いペンネームのうちの一つであったが、のちに漱石は子規からこれを譲り受けている。
English: In November of the same year, the relationship between Soseki and Shiki was getting closer through several occasions including Soseki asking Shiki to criticize his "Bokusetsuroku," an account of a journey to Awa Province (Boso Peninsula) written in Chinese.
Japanese: 同年9月、安房国（房総半島）を旅したときの模様を漢文でしたためた紀行『木屑録』（ぼくせつろく）の批評を子規に求めるなど、徐々に交流が深まっていく。
English: Thereafter, the relationship lasted until Shiki died in 1902 when Soseki was studying in England.
Japanese: 以後子規との交流は、漱石がイギリス留学中の明治35年（1902年）に子規が没するまで続く。
English: In 1890, Soseki entered the English Literature Department of Teikoku University (later Tokyo University,) which had just been founded.
Japanese: 明治23年（1890年）、創設間もなかった帝国大学（後に東京大学）英文科に入学。
English: Soon after in 1891, he lost Tose, the wife of his third oldest brother Wasaburo; his loss of these close relatives one after another might have affected his state of mind.
Japanese: さらに直後の明治24年（1891年）には三兄・和三郎の妻の登世と死別と次々に近親者を亡くした事も影響している。
English: Soseki was deeply hurt by the death of Tose and composed dozens of haiku to express his feelings about her, as it is said that he loved her.
Japanese: 漱石は登世に恋心を抱いていたとも言われ、心に深い傷をうけ、登世に対する気持ちをしたためた句を何十首も詠んでいる。
English: In the next year, he was given a scholarship, and in response to a request from Professor J. M. Dixon, he translated "Hojoki" (An Account of My Hut) into English.
Japanese: 翌年、特待生に選ばれ、J・M・ディクソン教授の依頼で『方丈記』の英訳などする。
English: In 1892, he established a branch family to evade conscription, and moved his registered address to Hokkaido as he was a scholarship student.
Japanese: 明治25年（1892年）、兵役を逃れるために分家し、貸費生であったため、北海道に籍を移す。
English: Around May in the same year, he started to earn his school fees by working as an instructor at Tokyo Senmongakko (present Waseda University).
Japanese: 同年5月あたりから東京専門学校（現在の早稲田大学）の講師をしてみずから学費を稼ぎはじめる。
English: Soseki and Shiki often took a stroll around Waseda; Shiki mentioned the strolls with Soseki in his essay "Bokuju Itteki," 'I was surprised to find that Soseki did not know that rice, which we eat every day, are seeds of these rice plants.'
Japanese: 漱石と子規は早稲田の辺を一緒に散歩することもままあり、その様を子規は自らの随筆『墨汁一滴』で「この時余が驚いた事は漱石は我々が平生喰ふ所の米はこの苗の実である事を知らなかったといふ事である」と述べている。
English: On July 7, Soseki took advantage of the summer vacation of the university to leave for Kansai to travel for the first time, accompanying Shiki, who was returning home in Matsuyama.
Japanese: 7月7日、大学の夏期休業を利用して、松山に帰省する子規と共に、初めての関西方面の旅に出る。
English: They left Shinbashi on a night train; on July 8, arrived at Kyoto and stayed there over two nights; on July 10, Soseki parted from Shiki at Kobe; and on July 11, arrived at Okayama.
Japanese: 夜行列車で新橋を経ち、8日に京都に到着して二泊し、10日神戸で子規と別れて11日に岡山に到着する。
English: In Okayama, he stayed at the house of Hazumu KATAOKA, the father of Okatsu, the wife of his second oldest brother Einosuke, for about a month.
Japanese: 岡山では、次兄・栄之助の妻であった小勝の実家、片岡機邸に1ヶ月あまり逗留する。
English: On July 19, during this stay, Soseki received a letter from Shiki in Matsuyama saying that he would leave the school because he had failed the annual examinations.
Japanese: この間、7月19日、松山の子規から、学年末試験に落第したので退学すると記した手紙が届く。
English: In the afternoon on that day, Soseki sent a letter to Shiki to prompt him to change the decision by adding a haiku 'Nakunaraba Mangetsu ni nake Hototogisu' (Night cuckoo, if you cry, Cry to the full moon).
Japanese: 漱石は、その日の午後、翻意を促す手紙を書き送り、「鳴くならば　満月になけ　ほととぎす」の一句を添える。
English: At Shiki's house, Soseki became acquainted with fifteen-year-old Kyoshi TAKAHAMA, who would later encourage Soseki to be a professional writer.
Japanese: 子規の家で、後に漱石を職業作家の道へ誘うことになる当時15歳の高浜虚子と出会う。
English: In 1893, he graduated from Teikoku University and became an English teacher at Tokyo University of Education; however, he had an odd feeling about the Japanese studying English literature.
Japanese: 明治26年（1893年）、帝国大学を卒業し、東京教育大学の英語教師になるも、日本人が英文学を学ぶことに違和感を覚え始める。
English: Being affected by the above-mentioned incident of lost love in two years before suffering tuberculosis of the lungs to be found in the next year, he suffered from extreme nervous breakdown (psychiatric disorder) and an obsession.
Japanese: 前述の2年前の失恋もどきの事件や翌年発覚する肺結核も重なり、極度の神経衰弱(精神疾患)、強迫観念にかられるようになる。
English: Later, he tried some remedies, including practicing Zen at Enkaku-ji Temple in Kamakura City, in vain.
Japanese: その後、鎌倉市の円覚寺で参禅をするなどして治療をはかるも効果は得られなかった。
English: In 1895, like fleeing from Tokyo, Soseki resigned Higher Normal School and left for his new post in Ehime prefectural Jinjo chugakko (present Ehime prefectural Matsuyamahigashi senior high school) through the good offices of Torao SUGA.
Japanese: 明治28年（1895年）、東京から逃げるように高等師範学校を辞職し、菅虎雄の斡旋で愛媛県尋常中学校（現在の愛媛県立松山東高等学校）に赴任する。
English: In 1896, after becoming an English teacher at Kumamoto prefectural daigo kotogakko (predecessor of Kumamoto University), he married Kyoko, the oldest daughter of Juichi NAKANE, the Chief Secretary of the House of Peers, as recommended by his relatives, but his married life was not favorable; in the third year of their marriage, Kyoko suffered from such serious hysteria due to the environment she could not become accustomed to accompanied by a miscarriage that she attempted to drown herself in Ikawabuchi of Shirakawa river in Kumamoto.
Japanese: 明治29年（1896年）、熊本県第五高等学校(旧制)（熊本大学の前身）の英語教師に赴任後、親族の勧めもあり貴族院書記官長中根重一の長女夏目鏡子と結婚をするが、3年目に鏡子は慣れない環境と流産のためヒステリー症が激しくなり白川(熊本県)井川淵に投身を図るなど順風満帆な夫婦生活とはいかなかった。
English: In May 1900, Soseki was ordered to study English literature in England by the Ministry of Education.
Japanese: 明治33年（1900年）5月、文部省より英文学研究のため英国留学を命ぜられる。
English: Soseki received private tuition by William Craig, a Shakespeare scholar, whom Soseki described in "Eijitsu Shohin," and developed his theory of literature to be published as "Bungakuron"; however, he was obsessed by the odd feeling about the Japanese studying English literature again and relapsed into nervous breakdown.
Japanese: 『永日小品』にも出てくるシェイクスピア研究家のウィリアム・クレイグの個人教授を受けたり、『文学論』の研究にいそしんだりするが、英文学研究への違和感がぶりかえし神経衰弱に陥り始める。
English: He changed his boarding house frequently because he was hurt by racial discrimination as an Oriental person for nothing, which might have been accompanied by frustration in his study.
Japanese: また東洋人であることでいわれなき人種差別を受け傷心し、研究が進まない苛立ちも重なったのか、何度も下宿を転々とする。
English: In 1901, as he began sharing a room with a chemist Kikunae IKEDA for two months, he was stimulated and immersed himself in study alone in the boarding house.
Japanese: 明治34年（1901年）、化学者の池田菊苗と2ヶ月間同居することで新たな刺激を受け、下宿に一人こもり研究に没頭しはじめる。
English: During that period, Soseki kept his associations with the other Japanese students in England to a minimum, and reputed to be 'suffered from mental disorder' among them.
Japanese: その結果、今まで付き合いのあった留学生との交流も疎遠になったため、「夏目、精神を病む」という噂が流れる。
English: In 1984, the Soseki Museum in London was established by Ikuo TSUNEMATSU at the site opposite to the last boarding house where Soseki stayed.
Japanese: 漱石最後の下宿の反対側には、ロンドン漱石記念館が恒松郁生によって昭和59年（1984年）に設立された。
English: In the Museum, the boarding houses where Soseki stayed, people Soseki got acquainted with, the books Soseki read, and the like are exhibited to the public.
Japanese: 漱石の下宿、出会った人びと、読んだ書籍などを展示し一般公開されている。
English: In Tokyo Imperial University, he succeeded Yakumo KOIZUMI, but the students asked for Yakumo to stay and Soseki's pedantic and analytical instruction was unpopular among them.
Japanese: 東京帝大では小泉八雲の後任として教鞭を執ったが、学生による八雲留任運動が起こり、漱石の分析的な硬い講義も不評であった。
English: In those days, Soseki scolded Misao FUJIMURA, a student in his charge in Daiichi High School, for lack of drive, and several days later, Misao drowned himself in Kegon no taki Fall.
Japanese: また、当時の一高での受け持ちの生徒に藤村操がおり、やる気のなさを漱石に叱責された数日後、華厳の滝に入水自殺した。
English: At the end of the year, he started writing 'Wagahai wa neko dearu,' his maiden work as a professional writer in response to a recommendation of Kyoshi as a remedy for his nervous breakdown.
Japanese: その年の暮れ、虚子の勧めで精神衰弱を和らげるため処女作になる「吾輩は猫である」を執筆。
English: The novel was published as a complete story in the magazine "Hototogisu" in January 1905, and as it became popular with the readers, he kept on writing its sequel.
Japanese: 明治38年（1905年）1月、『ホトトギス(雑誌)』に1回の読み切りとして掲載されたが、好評のため続編を執筆する。
English: From this period, he desired to live as a professional writer and successively published works including 'Rondonto' and 'Bocchan' and built up a presence as a popular novelist.
Japanese: この時から、作家として生きていくことを熱望し始め、その後「倫敦塔(小説)」「坊つちやん」と立て続けに作品を発表し、人気作家としての地位を固めていく。
English: Soseki's works are categorized in the Yoyuha school, which was in contrast with the naturalist literature, the mainstream of literature in those days, because his novels have full of 'Teikai shumi,' coined by Soseki, which means dilettantism to be relaxed in thinking about one's life instead of being occupied with mundane affairs.
Japanese: 漱石の作品は世俗を忘れ、人生をゆったりと眺めようとする低徊趣味（漱石の造語）的要素が強く、当時の主流であった自然主義文学とは対立する余裕派と呼ばれた。
English: In 1906, Soseki had a lot of guests including Toyotaka KOMIYA, Miekichi SUZUKI, and Sohei MORITA at his house, and Miekichi SUZUKI decided Thursday to be their meeting day.
Japanese: 明治39年（1906年）、漱石の家には小宮豊隆や鈴木三重吉、森田草平などが出入りしていたが、鈴木三重吉が毎週の面会日を木曜日と定めた。
English: Soseki had disciples Hyakken UCHIDA and Yaeko NOGAMI, as well as Ryunosuke AKUTAGAWA and Masao KUME, the two of whom would later lead the Shinshicho school, as novelists, and Torahiko TERADA, Jiro ABE, and Yoshishige ABE as scholars.
Japanese: その門下には内田百間、野上弥生子、さらに後の新思潮につながる芥川龍之介や久米正雄といった小説家のほか、寺田寅彦、阿部次郎、安倍能成などの学者がいる。
English: In February 1907, he gave up all of his teaching posts and entered Asahi Shimbun Company as invited by Sanzan IKEBE.
Japanese: 明治40年（1907年）2月、一切の教職を辞し、池辺三山に請われて朝日新聞社に入社。
English: In 1909, he traveled Manchuria and Korea in response to an invitation of his close friend Yoshikoto NAKAMURA, president of the South Manchuria Railway Company.
Japanese: 明治42年（1909年）、親友だった満鉄総裁・中村是公の招きで満州・朝鮮を旅行する。
English: Soseki serially published the record of this travel in "Asahi Shinbun" under the title of 'Mankan tokorodokoro.'
Japanese: この旅行の記録は『朝日新聞』に「満韓ところどころ」として連載される。
English: In June 1910, Soseki was hospitalized at the Nagayo Gastrointestinal Hospital for gastric ulcer, while writing 'Mon,' which was the third novel of the trilogy in his early period following "Sanshiro" and "Sorekara."
Japanese: 明治43年（1910年）6月、『三四郎』『それから』に続く前期3部作の3作目にあたる「門(小説)」を執筆途中に胃潰瘍で長与胃腸病院（長與胃腸病院）に入院。
English: In August of the same year, in response to a recommendation of his disciple Toyojo MATSUNE, Soseki moved to Shuzenji in Izu Province to recuperate.
Japanese: 同年8月、療養のため門下の松根東洋城の勧めで伊豆国の修善寺に出かけ転地療養する。
English: There, Soseki vomited as an alarming amount as 800 grams of blood for his gastric disease, and fell into critical condition.
Japanese: しかしそこで胃疾になり、800gにも及ぶ大吐血をおこし、生死の間を彷徨う危篤状態に陥る。
English: His experience of temporary 'death' in this period would influence his later works.
Japanese: この時の一時的な「死」を体験したことは、その後の作品に影響を与えることとなった。
English: At the very end of his life, Soseki tried to reach the mentality he called 'Sokutenkyoshi,' which is considered to have been the state of mind he had during the Shuzenji no Taikan.
Japanese: 最晩年の漱石は「則天去私」を理想としていたが、この時の心境を表したものではないかと言われる。
English: In August 1911, Soseki relapsed into gastric ulcer immediately after a lecture in Kansai, and was hospitalized at the Osaka Gastrointestinal Hospital in Osaka (in 1932, Hideki YUKAWA was adopted as husband for the daughter of the family running the hospital, and in 1950, the hospital was renamed Yukawa Gastrointestinal Hospital.)
Japanese: 明治44年（1911年）8月、関西での講演直後、胃潰瘍が再発し、大阪の大阪胃腸病院（1932年に湯川秀樹が婿養子となる。1950年に湯川胃腸病院と改称。）に入院。
English: Until June 1913, he suffered from nervous breakdown and gastric ulcer.
Japanese: 大正2年（1913年）は、神経衰弱、胃潰瘍で6月ごろまで悩まされる。
English: He pursued egoism in human nature in his works and developed that into the trilogy in his latter period "Higan sugimade," "Kojin," and "Kokoro."
Japanese: 作品は人間の利己を追い求めていき、後期三部作と呼ばれる『彼岸過迄』『行人』『こゝろ』へと繋がっていく。
English: In March 1915, he traveled around Kyoto and collapsed there for gastric ulcer for the fifth time.
Japanese: 大正4年（1915年）3月、京都へ遊び、そこで5度目の胃潰瘍で倒れる。
English: From June, he started publishing the serial novel 'Michikusa' by retracing the days he was working on "Wagahai wa neko dearu."
Japanese: 6月より『吾輩は猫である』執筆当時の環境に回顧し、「道草(小説)」の連載を開始。
English: On December 9 in the same year, after attending the wedding of Yutaka TATSUNO, he had massive internal bleeding and died while working on 'Meian' at the age of 50.
Japanese: その年、辰野隆の結婚式に出席して後の12月9日、大内出血を起こし「明暗」執筆途中に死去（50歳）。
English: It is said that his last words were 'Pour water over here to keep me from dying,' he cried while opening his nightclothes in front.
Japanese: 最期の言葉は、寝間着の胸をはだけながら叫んだ「ここにみずをかけてくれ、死ぬと困るから」であったという。
English: On the day after his death, an autopsy was performed on his body by Mataro NAGAYO at the autopsy room of the Medical Department of Tokyo Imperial University.
Japanese: 漱石の死の翌日、遺体は東京帝国大学医学部解剖室において長與又郎によって解剖される。
English: His brain was placed in ethyl alcohol and kept in the Medical Department of Tokyo University.
Japanese: 脳は、現在もエタノールに漬けられた状態で東京大学医学部に保管されている。
English: On January 5, 1867, Soseki was born as the fifth son of Kohei Naokatsu NATSUME by his wife Chie in Ushigome Babashitayokocho in Edo (present Kikuicho, Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo.)
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）1月5日(旧暦)、江戸牛込馬場下横町（現・東京都新宿区喜久井町）で、夏目小兵衛直克、千枝の五男として生まれる。
English: In 1870, he contracted smallpox caused by vaccination and was slightly scarred on his face.
Japanese: 明治3年（1870年）、この頃種痘から疱瘡にかかり、薄く痘の痕が顔に残る。
English: The scars were so outstanding that his face became a subject of a counting song like 'Hitotsu Natsume no Onigawara.'
Japanese: 「一つ夏目の鬼瓦」という数え歌につくられるほど、痘痕は目立ったらしい。
English: In 1879, he entered Tokyofuritsu daiichi chugaku seisokuka (predecessor of Tokyo toritsu Hibiya senior high school.)
Japanese: 明治12年（1879年）、東京府立第一中学校正則科（東京都立日比谷高等学校の前身）に入学。
English: In 1884, he entered a preparatory course of Daigaku Yobimon, which was renamed daiichi kotochugakko (later daiichi kotogakko) in 1886.
Japanese: 明治17年（1884年）、大学予備門（明治19年（1886年）に第一高等中学校（後の第一高等学校(旧制)）に名称変更）予科入学。
English: In 1890, he entered the English Literature Department of Tokyo Imperial University (later Tokyo University) Bunka daigaku (Faculty of Letters University).
Japanese: 明治23年（1890年）、帝国大学（後の東京大学）文科大学英文科入学。
English: In 1900, he left for England to study (he visited the Paris World Exposition on the way to England.)
Japanese: 明治33年（1900年）、イギリスに留学（途上でパリ万国博覧会(1900年)を訪問）。
English: In 1905, He started serially publishing 'Wagahai wa neko dearu' for "Hototogisu."
Japanese: 明治38年（1905年）、『ホトトギス(雑誌)』に「吾輩は猫である」を発表、連載を始める。
English: In 1910, he vomited an alarming amount of blood for gastric ulcer and once fell into critical condition (Shuzenji no Taikan).
Japanese: 明治43年（1910年）、胃潰瘍のため大吐血、一時危篤（修善寺の大患）。
English: From around December 1915, those including Ryunosuke AKUTAGAWA joined Mokuyokai.
Japanese: 大正4年（1915年）12月頃から、芥川龍之介などが木曜会に参加する。
English: On December 9, 1916, his gastric ulcer worsened and he died, while working on 'Meian.'
Japanese: 大正5年（1916年）12月9日、胃潰瘍の悪化により、「明暗」執筆途中に死去。
English: Wagahai wa neko dearu (January 1905 - August 1906, "Hototogisu"/October 1905 - May 1907, Okurashoten, Hattorishoten)
Japanese: 吾輩は猫である（1905年1月-1906年8月、『ホトトギス』/1905年10月-1907年5月、大倉書店・服部書店）
English: Bocchan (April 1906, "Hototogisu"/1907, included in "Uzurakago" published by Shunyodo)
Japanese: 坊つちやん（1906年4月、『ホトトギス』/1907年、春陽堂刊『鶉籠』収録）
English: Nowaki (January 1907, "Hototogisu"/1908, included in "Kusaawase" published by Shunyodo)
Japanese: 野分(小説)（1907年1月、『ホトトギス』/1908年、春陽堂刊『草合』収録）
English: Gubijinso (June 1907 - October, "Asahi Shinbun"/January 1908, Shunyodo)
Japanese: 虞美人草（1907年6月-10月、『朝日新聞』/1908年1月、春陽堂）
English: Sanshiro (September 1908 - December, "Asahi Shinbun"/May 1909, Shunyodo)
Japanese: 三四郎（1908年9-12月、『朝日新聞』/1909年5月、春陽堂）