nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Yozenin became very angry and sent him away by saying 'I do not want incense to be offered from such an unfaithful retainer. Leave.'
Japanese: 瑤泉院はそれに激高し「不忠臣の焼香など殿は望まない。失せよ」と大石をののしって追い払う。
English: The only thing Oishi could do was to secretly leave a letter which had all the names of people who would be participating in the raid, and leave.
Japanese: 大石はこっそりと討ち入りに加わる者たちの名前を連ねた書状を置いて立ち去るより他になかった。
English: In some stories, it says that Yozenin only found out about the letter when the spy was trying to steal it, and she regretted saying rude comments to Kuranosuke after realizing his true intention.
Japanese: 物語によっては、その後間者が連判状を盗もうとして発覚、瑤泉院が内蔵助の真意に気づき彼を罵った事を後悔するという場面がある場合も。
English: There were more than 300 retainers of the Asano family in Ako Domain; however, those who took part in the raid were 46 (Terasaka was a foot soldier and not in the samurai class), and more than 80% of them did not participate.
Japanese: 赤穂藩浅野家家臣は士分だけでも300名以上いたが、このうち討ち入りに参加したのは46名で（寺坂は士分ではなく足軽身分）、8割以上が討ち入りに参加していない。
English: As people who participated in the raid were praised more and more as loyal retainers, those who did not participate including their families were facing severe criticism until the end of Edo period.
Japanese: 討ち入りに参加した藩士が義士として称えられれば称えられるほど、その反動として、討ち入りに参加しなかった者とその家族に対しては幕末まで厳しい批判が向けられることになっていった。
English: Children and brothers of those roshi who took part in the raid were invited from each domain, whereas the only known person who found another lord to serve was Nobuoki OISHI after leaving the domain.
Japanese: 討ち入りに参加した浪士の子弟らは各藩から争って招聘される一方、脱盟者で後に仕官が適った者は大石信興以外には確認されていない。
English: Shozaemon OYAMADA's father, Issen OYAMADA, committed suicide as he was ashamed of his son who ran away after stealing money from his comrade Gengoemon KATAOKA, and Naoyuki OKABAYASHI was ordered to commit seppuku by his older brother, hatamoto Tadasato MATSUDAIRA, due to nonparticipation in the heroic deed.
Japanese: 小山田庄左衛門の父小山田一閃は、息子が同志片岡源五右衛門から金を奪って逃げだしたことを恥じて自害しており、また岡林直之も兄の旗本松平忠郷から義挙への不参加を責められ切腹させられた。
English: Gunbe TAKATA, who was adopted by hatamoto the Uchida family, was turned down by his adoptive father Saburoemon UCHIDA as he could not stand unfavorable criticism.
Japanese: 旗本内田家の養子に入ったはずの高田郡兵衛も悪評に耐えかねた養父内田三郎右衛門に家を追い出されるなどしている。
English: The former Ako retainers and their descendants were labeled as 'unfaithful retainers who did not participate in the heroic deed' and were looked down upon even from commoners, and they had to hide their place of birth and change their names because they were unable to buy even miso or soy sauce.
Japanese: 元赤穂藩士たち、およびその子孫は町人からさえ「義挙に加わらなんだ不忠者」と蔑まれ、味噌、醤油さえ売ってもらえず、出自を隠して変名を名乗るほかなかったとも伝えられる。
English: However, this was the only revenge done so openly by a faction of retainers from feudal lord families who experienced sudden dismissal and deprivation of positions, privileges, and properties and elimination of their clans, and therefore, it was not that other roshi were given logical criticism for not participating in the revenge.
Japanese: ただし、江戸時代に同様の事件で改易、取り潰しにあった大名家の家臣で徒党を組んで正面切った意趣返しをしたのは本件だけであり、その他の浪人に対し討ち入りをしなかったとして倫理的な批判が向けられたわけではない。
English: For Asano Takumi no Kami's comment 'do you know what this revenge is for?,' it is recorded in "Kajikawa Hikki" (Kajikawa's Notes), "Tamon Hikki" (Tamon's Notes) and "Takumi no Kami Oazukari Ikken" (Takumi no Kami's confinement) that Takumi no Kami said 'I hold a grudge.'
Japanese: 浅野内匠頭の「この間の遺恨覚えたか」という発言に関しては、『梶川筆記』にも『多門筆記』にも『内匠頭お預かり一件』に内匠頭が「遺恨あり」と証言していることが記されている。
English: Every book talks about Takumi no Kami having a grudge; however, it does not go into details about the grudge that caused an affair of a sword fight.
Japanese: いずれの書物も内匠頭が遺恨を主張していることについては触れているが、刃傷の原因となった「遺恨」の細かい内容については記していない。
English: According to a popular theory originated in the play "Chushingura," Sakyonosuke DATE, who was in charge of attending to Inshi (a messenger from the Retired Emperor), sent 100 pieces of gold and Tanyu KANO's paintings to Kira Kozuke no Suke, whereas he sent two dried bonito to Asano Takumi no Kami, since he was known to be scrupulous.
Japanese: 『忠臣蔵』などの芝居に由来する通説では、院使饗応役の伊達左京亮が黄金100枚、狩野探幽の絵などを吉良上野介へ進物をしたのに対して、潔癖な浅野内匠頭は鰹節2本しか贈らなかった。
English: This Asano's act displeased Kirano Kozuke no Suke who was into bribery (as described later, the term bribe used here has a different meaning than the modern term), and the cause of the incident is thought to be Kira pointing out every single fault to Asano Takumi no Kami, who was not familiar with his position as an attendant such as the ways Asano contacted Inshi, re-covered the tatamis of Zojo-ji Temple and wore different formal dress inside the palace.
Japanese: これが賄賂好き（後述の様に、現在の賄賂とは意味合いが異なる）な吉良上野介の不興を買い、饗応役に不慣れな浅野内匠頭に対して勅使への音信、増上寺の畳替え、殿中礼服の違いなど事あるごとに苛めたことが原因としているものが多い。
English: However, Takumi no Kami had been given the position to be attending to Imperial messengers 17 years previously in 1683.
Japanese: しかし内匠頭は17年前の天和(日本)3年（1683年）にも同じ勅使饗応役に就任している。
English: For gifts and bribes, unlike public employees today, who are able to pay at public expense, koke members and attendants for Imperial messengers had to pay their own expenses.
Japanese: また進物や賄賂についても、公費の予算から支出される現代の公務員と異なり、高家や勅使饗応役の大名は必要経費を自弁しなければならなかった。
English: If it was a feudal lord with large territories and a lot of koku, he would be able to manage; however, koke was only a hatamoto after all with limited territories and koku even though he had a high social status.
Japanese: 広大な領地と莫大な石高をもつ大名ならこれも何とかなるであろうが、一方の高家は家格は高いとはいえど所詮旗本に過ぎないので、わずかな領地と石高しかもっていない。
English: The Kira family was a family lineage with the highest prestige; however, they only had 4,200 koku.
Japanese: 吉良家は高家の最名門の家柄であるが、それでも石高で言えば4,200石。
English: For koke to receive gifts from feudal lords who appointed them as attendants, it was considered more as tuition and necessary expense and nothing greedy at that time.
Japanese: 高家が饗応役を命じられた大名から進物をもらうことは、賄賂というよりも授業料や必要経費の性格が強く、当時は別に卑しまれている類のものではなかった。
English: One theory states that there was a conflict between Asano Takumi no Kami and Kira Kozuke no Suke over the process of making and marketing salt which was produced in their territories.
Japanese: 浅野内匠頭と吉良上野介のそれぞれの領地で産出する塩の製法と販路の問題で対立があったという説があった。
English: It was discussed in the book "Kira no Shio" (Kira's Salt) written by an author named Shiro OZAKI who was from Kira.
Japanese: これは吉良出身の作家の尾崎士郎が自らの随筆『吉良の塩』の中で唱えていたものである。
English: However, the ruins of salt pan were located not in Kira Kozuke no Suke's territory but in the territory of the Okochi family.
Japanese: しかし、実際には吉良上野の領地にあったとされる塩田の遺跡は大河内家の領土であった。
English: The 'salt pan theory' is no longer accepted, since it was created without knowing there was an outland territory and stated that the salt pan was in Kira's territory.
Japanese: 塩による遺恨説は、飛び地の領土に気付かずに吉良の領土に塩田があったとしてしまったものであり、今日では「塩田説」は否定されている。
English: There is a story left about Asano Takumi no Kami having a chronic disease called tsukae which would be equivalent to a psychosomatic disease today, and therefore, some suggest that he had a short temper from birth.
Japanese: 浅野内匠頭については痞（つかえ）という、今で言う心療内科的な持病をもっていたという逸話が残っていることから、生来短気な人物だったのではないかとも言われている。
English: When simply looking at historical facts, Asano Takumi no Kami sentenced one of 47 roshi Saburobe CHIBA to house confinement and removed chief retainer Masanori KONDO from his position as the head of the group.
Japanese: 史実だけを見ると、浅野内匠頭は、47士の1人千馬三郎兵衛を閉門処分にしており、重臣近藤正憲も組頭から解任している。
English: It is said both made Takumi no Kami very angry by Chiba speaking his mind plainly and Fuwa killing a person.
Japanese: このうち千馬は直言癖があり、不破は人を斬って、それぞれ内匠頭を激怒させたといわれている。
English: There is an anecdote left in Tsuwano, which stated that Kira Kozuke no Suke treated Korechika KAMEI harshly, and his harassments were constant.
Japanese: 吉良上野介は、亀井茲親を苛めたという逸話が津和野に残っており、嫌がらせが常習的だったとも言われる。
English: Taiga-dorama (NHK Historical Drama), "Genroku Ryoran" (Genroku profusion) adopted this theory, and it emphasized Kira's sadistic personality by portraying Kira entertaining himself by watching the feudal lord from the country being in trouble.
Japanese: 大河ドラマ『元禄繚乱』などもこの説を採っており、吉良が田舎大名が困るのを面白がるような描き方をして、サディスト的な性格を持っていたことを強調している。
English: Historical facts show that Kira Kozuke no Suke sent massive bills for things he secretly purchased as well as construction work done in his house to the Uesugi family of Yonezawa Domain where his son was acting as the lord, and troubled the accounting officer of the Uesugi family.
Japanese: また史実を見ると、吉良上野介は、息子が当主となっている米沢藩上杉家に対して吉良家の大量の買い掛け金や自邸の普請費用を押し付けて、上杉家勘定方を困らせている。
English: There is a famous story about Yozan UESUGI trying to recover the finances of the Uesugi family when financial ruin was one step away, and it is said that it was Kozuke no Suke who jeopardized the Uesugi family to this extent.
Japanese: 破綻寸前となった上杉家を上杉鷹山が立て直すエピソードが有名だが、そこまで上杉家を傾けたのは上野介とも言われている。
English: However, in reality, they were forced to pay out double the amount of expenses compared to their income as they did not fire feudal retainers of the domain who were receiving 1,200,000 koku even after the income for the Yonezawa Domain was reduced to 500,000 koku due to their having fought against Ieyasu TOKUGAWA at the Battle of Sekigahara.
Japanese: しかし、実際には関ヶ原の役に際して徳川家康に敵対し、米沢藩50万石余りに減封されるものの、120万石を領有していた当時の藩士を解雇しなかった為、収支に対し人件費だけでも倍の出費を強いられた。
English: At the same time, they also spent quite a lot of money to keep their dignity, and therefore, it is questionable to criticize only Kozuke no Suke, and one assumes that they were trying to cover up their own faults through Kanadehon Chushingura.
Japanese: また体面を保つ為の出費も著しかったなど、一概に上野介のみを非難する向きも疑問があり、仮名手本忠臣蔵を盾に、自藩の失策を弁明しているとも受け取る事が出来る。
English: There is also a theory called gay revenge theory which explains that when Kirano Kozuke no Suke implored Asano Takumi no Kami to send some handsome pageboys, he was rejected and thus held a grudge against Asano.
Japanese: 吉良上野介が浅野内匠頭に美しい小姓を譲ってくれるよう懇望したが、断られたため恨みをいだいたという男色（衆道）遺恨説も、幾つかの文献に記されている。
English: Although they are hardly picked up in academic settings, some of the conspiratorial views of history include Asano Takumi no Kami being used to trap Kira Kozuke no Suke, the wife of a Shogun Nobuko TAKATSUYA trying to stop Keishoin from receiving Juichii (Junior First Rank), a salt merchant working with a bakufu official to eliminate the Ako Domain and turn it into bakufu land in order to gain profit by selling salt in Ako.
Japanese: 学術的にはほとんど取り上げられていないものの、陰謀史観の一つとして、本来は吉良上野介の側を陥れるはずだった陰謀に浅野内匠頭が利用されたとの説、桂昌院の従一位叙任を阻止しようとした御台所鷹司信子の陰謀説、幕府の役人と結びついた塩商人が赤穂の塩を狙い、赤穂藩を潰して天領にし儲けを得ようとしたという説もある。
English: According to Nankibunko's "Kajikawa Nikki" (Kajikawa's Diary) owned by General Library, The University of Tokyo, there is no record of Asano shouting 'do you know what this revenge is for?' at the moment of the incident, and it says that he, all of a sudden, slashed at Kira while screaming.
Japanese: 東京大学総合図書館蔵、南葵文庫の『梶川日記』によれば、刃傷のときに浅野が「この間の遺恨覚えたか」などと叫んだ事実はなく、ただわめきながらいきなり斬り付けたとなっている。
English: However, a doctor named Dou KURISAKI, who treated Kira's wounds, recorded that Takumi no Kami was 'not out of his mind' at that moment.
Japanese: しかし、上野介の傷を治療した栗崎道有という医者が、当時の内匠頭について「乱心にあらず」と記録している。
English: Some speculate that since Kura no Suke's primary focus was the restoration of the Asano family and received criticism from other retainers about extending the raid, 'To make the raid was not a part of Oishi's intention at first.'
Japanese: 内蔵助がお家再興を第一とし、討ち入りを引き伸ばして家臣に不評を買った点から、「初め内蔵助には討ち入りを行う意図は無かったのではないか」という推測もある。
English: In Oishi's letter written in August, 1701, 4 months after the raid (sent to a Buddhist priest at Enrin-ji Temple, Yukai who was asked for the entreaty of the restoration of the Asano clan), it says that 'Kira's safety depends on Daigaku's safety.'
Japanese: 実際には、刃傷事件4か月後の元禄14年7月の内蔵助の実筆の手紙（お家再興嘆願を依頼された遠林寺の僧侶祐海への手紙）に「吉良殿つつがなきところは、大学様ご安否次第と存じ候」とある。
English: The bakufu's decision on the punishment for this incident had to do only with drawing a hidden sword inside the palace, and it unconditionally deserved the death penalty regardless of the victim's survival or death, degree of injury, and drawing his sword.
Japanese: 本件に関する幕府の裁定は浅野の殿中抜刀に対する処罰だけで、これは相手の生死や傷害の程度・抜刀の理由に関係なく、無条件に死罪となる。
English: Kira, on the other hand, did not draw his sword, and therefore was found not guilty.
Japanese: これに対して吉良は抜刀はしていないので理由の如何を問わず無罪となる。
English: The retainers of the Asano family became very angry claiming that the fact only their lord Asano Takumi no Kami committed seppuku and Kira Kosuke no Suke did not receive any punishment was against 'Kenka,' and there are, in fact, some 'judicial precedents' for affairs of sword fight based on Kenka Ryoseibai (in a quarrel both parties are to blame) in the early Edo period
Japanese: 主君である浅野内匠頭だけが切腹となり、吉良上野介に咎めがなかったのは「喧嘩」に反すると浅野家の家臣達が憤慨したと言われており、確かに江戸前期の刃傷事件には喧嘩両成敗の“判例”がいくつかある。
English: 1627: Page corp Magokuro NOMURA attacked Suzuki and Kozukuri with his sword in Nishi no Maru (a castle compound to the west of the main compound).
Japanese: 寛永4年（1627年）：小姓組猶村孫九郎が、西の丸で木造氏、鈴木氏に切りつけた事件。
English: 1628: the Toshima incident, in which Inspector Akishige TOSHIMA attacked a member of the Shogun's council of elders, Masanari INOUE, in nishi no maru palace (a castle compound to the west of the main compound) with his sword due to complications caused by an offer of marriage and killed Masanari as well Tadakiyo AOKI who was trying to stop him and committed suicide.
Japanese: 寛永5年（1628年）：目付豊島明重が、西の丸表御殿で縁談のもつれから老中井上正就に斬りつけ、正就と制止しようとした青木忠精を殺害し、その場で自害した豊島事件
English: 1684: Wakadoshiyori, Masayasu INABA killed chief minister Masatoshi HOTTA in Honmaru (the keep of a castle), and he was also killed on the spot.
Japanese: 貞享元年（1684年）：若年寄稲葉正休が、本丸で大老堀田正俊を殺害し、正休もその場で殺害された事件。
English: 1609: Saheiji KUME (castle guard of hatamoto) attacked Tadayori MATSUDAIRA (the lord of Hamamatsu Domain, Totoumi Province) and Hanpachi HATTORI (castle guard of hatamoto) with his sword at the residence of Tadatane MIZUNO.
Japanese: 慶長14年（1609年）：水野忠胤の屋敷で、久米左平次（大番士）が松平忠頼（遠江国浜松藩主）と服部半八（大番士）に刃傷に及ぶ。
English: Due to Kenka Ryoseibai, both the Kume family and the Matsudaira family were sentenced to kaieki, and Hattori was captured and sentenced to seppuku as well as kaieki.
Japanese: 喧嘩両成敗により久米家と松平家はともに改易に処され、服部も捕らえられて切腹改易となった。
English: On July 21, 1680, Tadakatsu NAITO, who was a maternal uncle of Naganori, attacked Naonaga NAGAI during the funeral of the 4th Shogun Ietsuna TOKUGAWA at Zojo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 延宝8年（1680年）6月26日、四代将軍徳川家綱葬儀中の増上寺において長矩の母方の叔父にあたる内藤忠勝が永井尚長に対して刃傷に及んだ。
English: Although the Nagai family was also sentenced to kaieki, it was not because of Kenka Ryoseibai but due to the fact that they had no heir.
Japanese: 永井家も改易に処されたが、これは喧嘩両成敗ではなく無嗣のためであった。
English: There was no affair of sword fight from the Iemitsu TOKUGAWA to Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA periods, and even for the affairs that happened inside the palace in the Tsunayoshi period, victims were killed on the spot and offenders were sentenced to seppuku; therefore, the example of both victims and offenders surviving did not exist for a long time.
Japanese: 徳川家光の時代から徳川綱吉の時代まで長く刃傷事件がなく、また綱吉時代に起こった殿中刃傷にしても、被害者がその場で殺害されており、ただ加害者を切腹させればよいだけで、被害者も加害者も生き残った例が長く存在しなかった。
English: Kenka Ryoseibai' was the customary law which came to exist in the Sengoku Period when everything was out of order, and was loved by kabukimono.
Japanese: 「喧嘩両成敗」は、秩序が崩壊した戦国時代(日本)に誕生した慣習法であり、かぶき者が好んだ法であった。
English: Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Hidetada TOKUGAWA adopted this law as Shogunate law since they were both military commanders from the Sengoku Period; however, almost 100 years was gone when the incident happened in the Genroku era.
Japanese: 戦国武将でもある徳川家康や徳川秀忠はこれを幕法として採用したが、事件当時はすでに百年近い時を経た元禄の世である。
English: Some Confucians criticized 'Kenka Ryoseibai' by pointing out the possibilities of punishing innocent people without making clear what is right and what is wrong, especially now that the politics had shifted from military government to civilian government although there were remnants left from the Sengoku Period (period of civil war).
Japanese: 戦国時代の残滓が残っているとはいえ、「武断政治」から「文治政治」への転換が図られて、「喧嘩両成敗」という理非を問わずに双方を処断するというやり方は、無実の人間を残虐な刑罰に晒す危険性があると当時の儒学者などからの批判もあったという。
English: The Edo bakufu was a society structured based on one's status, and the law and investigations were neither modern nor equal.
Japanese: 江戸幕府は身分制社会であり、法や捜査は決して近代的でないし平等でもない。
English: The concept of 'Kenka Ryoseibai' was widely used to deal with disputes among people of low rank with little salary in order to cut down on time and effort on the investigations.
Japanese: 「喧嘩両成敗」の概念は要するに捜査の価値もない禄高の低い軽輩者の喧嘩をおさめ、捜査の手間暇を省くために適用されることが多かった。
English: It happened in the main ward of Edo-jo Castle on August 25, 1726 in the Yoshimune TOKUGAWA period.
Japanese: 徳川吉宗の時代の享保10年7月28日(旧暦)（1726年8月25日）に江戸城本丸で発生した事件である。
English: When Tadatsune MIZUNO (feudal lord) (the lord of Matsumoto Domain with 70,000 koku) went back to his room to get a folding fan, Morotaka MORI (the lord of Chofu Domain with 57,000 koku) picked it up for him by giving him a faint smile and said 'sokomoto's (casual way of saying you) fan is right here.'
Japanese: 水野忠恒(大名)（松本藩主7万石）が扇子を取りに部屋に戻ったところ、毛利師就（長府藩主5万7,000石）が拾ってくれたが、そのとき毛利は「そこもとの扇子ここにござる」と薄く笑った。
English: However, Mizuno was held down by surrounding people, and both Mizuno's and Mori's lives were saved.
Japanese: しかし、水野は周りにいた者に取り押さえられ、水野も毛利も双方が助かってしまった。
English: Although Shogun Yoshimune TOKUGAWA sentenced Mizuno to confinement at Takafusa AKIMOTO's residence and kaieki, he did not let him commit seppuku and restored the Mizuno family by giving his relative Tadayoshi MIZUNO 7,000 koku in Saku District, Shinano Province.
Japanese: このとき将軍徳川吉宗は、水野を秋元喬房に預かりとして改易に処しながらも切腹はさせず、また親族の水野忠穀に信濃国佐久郡7,000石を与えて水野家を再興させた。
English: In 1868, Emperor Meiji, who moved to Tokyo, sent an Imperial messenger to Sengaku-ji Temple and gave the ordinance to praise Oishi and others.
Japanese: 1868年（明治元年11月）、東京に移った明治天皇は泉岳寺に勅使を派遣し、大石らを嘉賞する勅語を贈った。
English: This had an affect on gaining sympathy from a new government by praising Oishi, who was admired by commoners in Edo.
Japanese: これは江戸庶民に親しまれていた大石を顕彰することで、新政府への共感を得る効果があった。
English: Since the Constitution of the Empire of Japan was enforced on November 29, the parliamentary system (Imperial Diet) was initiated in Japan during administration of this Cabinet.
Japanese: 11月29日に大日本帝国憲法が施行されたため、この内閣の在任時に日本で議会制度（帝国議会）が開始された。
English: He abolished the Naikaku Shokken and introduced the Naikaku Kansei, to deny "Dai saiso (great prime minister)-ism" and position the prime minister as "the top among colleagues".
Japanese: 内閣職権を廃して内閣官制を導入、「大宰相主義」を否定して内閣総理大臣を「同輩中の首席」と位置づけた。
English: He implemented such as issuance of the Imperial Rescript on Education, execution of the first general election of members of the House of Representatives (July 1), and introduction of prefecture/county system.
Japanese: 教育勅語の発布、第1回衆議院議員総選挙の実施（7月1日）、府県制・郡制の導入などを行った。
English: In the first Diet convened on November 25, 1890, YAMAGATA proposed substantial military budgets increase from the standpoint of his own belief, "Protection of sovereignty and defense of benefit line".
Japanese: 1890年（明治23年）11月25日に召集された第1議会において、山縣は自己の信条である「主権線の守護と利益線の防護」という観点から大幅な軍事予算増強を提案する。
English: This aroused antipathy of Minto (political parties such as Liberal Party, Progressive Party and so on which conflicted with a han-dominated government when imperial Diet was inaugurated) which have been followed Movement for Liberty and People's Right and insisted on "Public's burden reduction/Government cost-cutting".
Japanese: これが、かつての自由民権運動の流れを汲む民党の反感を買って「民力休養・政費節減」を主張した。
English: Although the first budget had passed because some of Constitutional Liberal Party members (the Tosa School) approved the budget due to persuasion and corruption by the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Munemitsu MUTSU who was a Cabinet member but also close to Minto, he had to accept implementation of Government cost-cutting policy.
Japanese: 閣僚ながら民党とも親交のある農商務大臣陸奥宗光の説得、買収によって立憲自由党の一部(土佐派)が予算案に賛同したために、最初の予算案は通過したものの、政費節減政策の実施を受け入れざるを得なかった。
English: As the prime minister subsequent to Aritomo YAMAGATA (the First YAMAGATA Cabinet), such as Hirobumi ITO, Tsugumichi SAIGO and Akiyoshi YAMADA were lined up, but the imperial command for organizing the Cabinet was given to Masayoshi MATSUKATA on May 2.
Japanese: 山縣有朋（第1次山縣内閣）の後継総理として伊藤博文や西郷従道、山田顕義などの名前も挙げられたが、5月2日に松方正義に組閣の大命が下った。
English: To organize the Cabinet, MATSUKATA stated that he could not take on it without full cooperation by predecessors and insisted on all the Cabinet members staying in the Cabinet as the condition to assume the prime minister.
Japanese: 松方は、組閣にあたって前任者たちの全面協力無くしては引き受けられないと述べて全閣僚の留任を唱えて、総理就任の条件とした。
English: Immediately after that, however, the Cabinet members announced their resignation one after another, and moreover, such as Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan) and Minister of Home Affairs (Japan) announced resignation to take responsibility for Otsu Incident happened, and eventually, personnel was determined 1 month after establishment that all the Cabinet members except for 3 ministers (Minister of the Navy, Minister of Agriculture and Commerce and Minister of Communication) would be replaced.
Japanese: だが直後から辞意を表明する閣僚が続出し、更に大津事件が発生して責任を負って外務大臣(日本)や内務大臣(日本)などが辞意を表明するなどして、最終的には成立1ヶ月に漸く海軍大臣・農商務大臣・逓信大臣の3大臣以外は全て閣僚を差し替える人事が決定された。
English: As a result, the situation was that the cabinet could be fallen at any time with no Cabinet member of genkun (the statesmen who contributed in Meiji Restoration) class left, and less than half of the Cabinet members from Satsuma and Choshu.
Japanese: その結果、元勲級の閣僚が1人もいなくなり、薩長出身者が全閣僚の半数を割るなど、いつ倒れてもおかしくない状況になった。
English: In the second Diet held in such situation, minto criticized the government, because they tried to increase the budget for navy without achieving the pledge of the previous government "Government cost-cutting".
Japanese: かくして迎えた第2議会では、民党が前内閣が約束した「政費節減」の公約を果たさずに海軍予算の拡張を行おうとする政府を批判した。
English: Sukenori KABAYAMA, Minister of the Navy, who was furious about this addressed so-called "reckless speech" to idle the House of Representatives, and MATSUKATA decided the first dissolution of the House of Representatives on December 25.
Japanese: これに激怒した海軍大臣樺山資紀がいわゆる「蛮勇演説」を行って衆議院は空転、松方は12月25日に初めての衆議院解散を決断した。
English: On February 15, 1892, the next year, the second general election of members of the House of Representatives was held, but Yajiro SHINAGAWA, Minister of Home Affairs and Senichi SHIRANE, the vice-minister took the lead in extensive election interference then, and 25 people died and 388 people injured mainly among people related to minto.
Japanese: 翌1892年2月15日に第2回衆議院議員総選挙が行われたが、この際品川弥二郎内務大臣と白根専一同次官が中心となって大規模な選挙干渉を行って、民党関係者を中心に死者25名負傷者388名を出した。
English: The Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Munemitsu MUTSU protested against this by own resignation (MUTSU was an incumbent House of Representatives member before dissolution. He did not stand in this time, but commended his younger brother by courtesy, Kunisuke OKAZAKI (cousin) and Toru HOSHI), and SHINAGAWA also resigned.
Japanese: これに陸奥宗光農商務大臣が抗議して辞任（陸奥は解散以前は現職衆議院議員。今回は自身は出なかったが、弟分である岡崎邦輔（従弟）・星亨の推薦人であった）、品川も辞任した。
English: In the third Diet convened after election, minto impeached the government, and even the House of Peers (Japan) which should have been pro-government started to stand back from the MATSUKATA cabinet.
Japanese: 選挙後に召集された第三議会では民党による政府糾弾が行われ、親政府の筈の貴族院(日本)でさえも松方内閣との距離を置き始めた。
English: In addition, in the prewar Ministry of Home Affairs (Japan), Taneomi SOEJIMA, the new Minister of Home Affairs, who tried to pursue responsibility for the election interference was forced to resign by maneuver of SHIRANE and the supporting group consisted of the local officials such as Yasukazu YASUBA and Mamoru FUNAKOSHI.
Japanese: 更に内務省(日本)では選挙干渉の責任追及を行おうとした副島種臣新内務大臣が白根とこれを支持する安場保和・船越衛ら地方官グループの策動で辞職に追い込まれた。
English: In June, other Cabinet members submitted the letter of resignation one after another, and in July, replacement of SHIRANE, YASUBA and others was determined, and then on 27th of the same month, Military ministers who were negative to such punishment submitted the letters of resignation all together, which made MATSUKATA submit the letter of resignation.
Japanese: 6月に入ると、他の閣僚からも辞表提出者が相次ぎ、7月に白根・安場らの更迭が決定されると、同月27日には処分に消極的であった軍部大臣が揃って辞表を提出、これを見た松方は自らも辞表を提出したのである。