nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In the cases where the area of a prefecture accords with that of a province, the name of the old province is used as another name of the prefecture; such prefectures include Yamanashi Prefecture (Kai Province), Toyama Prefecture (Ecchu Province), Shiga Prefecture (Omi Province), Nara Prefecture (Yamato Province), Tokushima Prefecture (Awa Province), Ehime Prefecture (Iyo Province), Kochi Prefecture (Tosa Province), Kumamoto Prefecture (Higo Province), Miyazaki Prefecture (Hyuga Province).
Japanese: また、山梨県（甲斐国）や富山県（越中国）、滋賀県（近江国）、奈良県（大和国）、徳島県（阿波国）、愛媛県（伊予国）、高知県（土佐国）、熊本県（肥後国）、宮崎県（日向国）のように県と国の範囲が一致するところでは、旧国名が県の別称として用いられる。
English: Sometimes the old provincial names are used for advertizing a place as the sightseeing spot or for stirring love for one's home district as the old provincial names carries with them the images of history and tradition.
Japanese: 旧国名は歴史と伝統のイメージを備えているので、観光宣伝や郷土愛を喚起する場面で用いられることがある。
English: Nemuro Subprefecture, Kushiro Subprefecture, Tokachi Subprefecture, Ishikari Subprefecture, Hidaka Subprefecture, Iburi Subprefecture, Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Oshima Subprefecture.
Japanese: 根室支庁、釧路支庁、十勝支庁、石狩支庁、日高支庁、胆振支庁、後志支庁、渡島支庁。
English: In some of the assigned areas of jurisdiction for subprefectures based on the ordinance by the Hokkaido Government, there are cases in which the names of the old provinces are used.
Japanese: なお、北海道条例において支庁の所管区域指定には旧国名が用いられているものもある。
English: When a town or village of the same name existed within the same county, the central government had the town or village to rename to avoid overlapping during which the mergers of municipalities were made in the Meiji period; yet the same names were left as they were when they existed in the different counties.
Japanese: 明治時代に市町村を統合した時には、同じ郡の中に同じ名の町村がある場合には重複しないように改名させたが、違う郡ならそのままにした。
English: The central government worked with the local governments in the whole country to avoid overlapping of the names of the cities partly because cities were fewer in number.
Japanese: 市は、数が少ない事もあって、全国で同じ市名が生まれないようにさせた。
English: The method often used to avoid the existence of plural cities with the same name was to attach the old provincial names to the city names that were to be duplicated city names (examples: Hitachiota City, Musashimurayama City, Minokamo City, Omihachiman City, Kawachinagano City, Yamatokoriyama City, Tosashimizu City, Bungo-ono City).
Japanese: そして、その手法としてよく用いられるのが、旧国名を冠して重複を回避する手法である（例：常陸太田市、武蔵村山市、美濃加茂市、近江八幡市、河内長野市、大和郡山市、土佐清水市、豊後大野市）。
English: Such examples include Owariasahi City in Aichi Prefecture against Asahi City in Chiba Prefecture, Rikuzentakada City in Iwate Prefecture, Yamatotakada City in Nara Prefecture, Akitakada City in Hiroshima Prefecture, and Bungotakada City in Oita Prefecture against old Takada City in Niigata Prefecture (now a part of Joetsu City); of these cities Akitakada City made its name change after Takada City became a thing of the past.
Japanese: この例には、千葉県の旭市に対して愛知県の尾張旭市、新潟県の旧高田市（現在は上越市の一部）に対して岩手県の陸前高田市、奈良県の大和高田市、広島県の安芸高田市、大分県の豊後高田市などがある（このうち、安芸高田は高田市が消滅して以後の改称。
English: In a similar example, there is Hitachi-Omiya City which became a city after old Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture ceased to exist.
Japanese: 同様の事例には埼玉県の旧大宮市が消滅して以降に市制を施行した茨城県の常陸大宮市がある）。
English: As a special example, there is a case in which Sendai City in Kagoshima Prefecture became Satsumasendai City by attaching the old provincial name of Satsuma to Sendai which was homophony of Sendai City in Miyagi Prefecture although the Chinese characters that make up the word is different from that of Sendai in Miyagi Prefecture; this city name was created at the time of merger (the nearby local governments disliked the image of incorporated merger and this was one reason why Sendai City became Satsumasendai City).
Japanese: また、特殊な例としては鹿児島県の川内市が宮城県の仙台市と同音の「せんだい」であったことから合併に際して旧国名を冠し薩摩川内市となった事例がある（周辺自治体が編入合併のイメージを嫌ったことも理由）。
English: Izumiotsu City and Izumisano City in Osaka are created against Otsu City in Shiga Prefecture and Sano City in Tochigi Prefecture respectively; One reason is that Izumi Province (Present day Izumi City) is also known as 'Senshu' and another reason is that the pronunciation of Izumi with two Chinese characters and Izumi with just one Chinese character, in which the first character is deleted, is the same; from these reasons Izumi-OtsuCity in Osaka is created against Otsu City in Shiga prefecture by adding one character from the old provincial name and Izumisano City is created against Sano City in Tochigi Prefecture for the same reasons.
Japanese: 和泉国（大阪府和泉）では、和泉国が「泉州」と呼ばれる事や「和」を除いても同音である事から「泉」の一字を冠している（例：滋賀県の大津市に対して泉大津市、栃木県の佐野市に対して泉佐野市）。
English: The naming of Hitachinaka City comes from Hitachinaka Port (located in the old Katsuta City) and the name of this port has the old provincial name Hitachi in front of Naka Port to distinguish from Nakaminato Fishing Port; in this way Hitachinaka City followed the naming method of avoiding the duplication of city name when the new city name was needed to be created at the time Katsuta City and Nakaminato City merged.
Japanese: ひたちなか市は勝田市と那珂湊市の合併に際して重複回避に準じた命名法則を取っているが、那珂湊漁港と区別するため旧国名を冠した常陸那珂港（旧勝田市に所在）が名称の由来となっている。
English: In these cases many municipalities took one character from an old provincial name; also there were cases in which an old provincial name was prefixed the name of municipalities.
Japanese: この場合、旧国名の一字を取ったものが多く、旧国名の方が冠する側になったものもある。
English: There are three types in terms of the purposes for using old provincial names for names of cities, towns, and villages apart from avoidance of duplication; the first type is to use old provincial names to show direction; (examples: Higashiomi City, Nantan City, Sennan City, Minamiawaji City, Unnan City, Anan City, Seiyo City, Nichinan City, Minami-Satsuma City); this type of names is largest in number; the second type is to use old provincial names to indicate that in the city there existed kokufu or the provincial capital once; (examples: Kofu City, Hofu City); third type is to use the old provincial names to show the topography of the city; (examples: Musashino City, Sagamihara City, Kinokawa City); there are also other type which does not fall into the above three types; (examples: Joetsu City, Joyo City, Kyotango City).
Japanese: その目的は数種に分類され、旧国内における方位を示すもの（例：東近江市、南丹市、泉南市、南あわじ市、雲南市、阿南市、西予市、日南市、南さつま市）が最も多く、国府を表すもの（例：甲府市、防府市）、地形を表すもの（例：武蔵野市、相模原市、紀の川市）、その他（例：上越市、城陽市、京丹後市）などがある。
English: Jo' in Joetsu City is the same as 'kami' in 'kamigata' (former name for a region of Japan referring to the cities of Kyoto and Osaka); therefore, it indicates that the direction close to Kyoto and in this case, the direction corresponds to the 'southwest.'
Japanese: 上越市の「上」は「上方」（関西の旧称）の「上」と同じく京都に近い方位を意味し、この場合は「南西」にあたる。
English: The meaning of 'Yo' in Joyo City is almost synonymous with 'the south,' however, it has other meanings beside the direction; this city name is characterized by the multiple meanings of 'Yo.'
Japanese: 城陽市の「陽」は「南」とほぼ同義であるが、方位以外の意味も籠められており特徴がある。
English: Kyotango City was formed by the merger of six towns; among the six towns the old 'Tango-cho' existed; therefore, from consideration to other five towns, 'Kyo' of Kyoto Prefecture was attached to Tango-cho from consideration to other five towns even though there existed no other Tango-cho elsewhere.
Japanese: 京丹後市は、合併6町の中に旧「丹後町」があり、他5町への配慮から重複がないにもかかわらず京都府の「京」を冠している。
English: In addition, there is a naming method in which a character is taken from two old provincial names and make a city name by combining them; Such examples include Joso City (whole area Shimousa Province) and Minamiboso City (whole area Awa Province).
Japanese: 他に、2つの国の一字を合わせたものとして常総市（全域下総国）や南房総市（全域安房国）などの例もある。
English: As explained earlier, 'Joetsu' in Joetsu City means 'most close to kamigata (Kyoto) within Echigo Province'; therefore, the meaning of Joetsu used in Joetsu City is different from 'Joetsu' meaning 'Kozuke Province and Echigo Province' (Example: Joetsu Bullet Train).
Japanese: なお、上越市の「上越」は前述の通り「越後国の上方寄り」を意味しており、「上野国と越後国」を意味する「上越」（例：上越新幹線）とは意味合いが異なる。
English: Every old province has another name made up with two characters beside the one we usually learn first and in case to take one character from the old provincial names to make a city name, in general it is taken from the provincial names of two-character; however, there are exceptions (example: Ito City ['I' is taken from Izu Province], Shunan City ['Shu' is taken from Suo Province; other name for Izu Province and Suo Province is Zu province and Bo Province respectively.
Japanese: 旧国名の一字を取る場合、一般に別称である「○州」の一字を取るが、例外に伊豆国（豆州）の伊東市、周防国（防州）の周南市がある。
English: In Japan before the Meiji period there existed names of counties that were the same with the provincial names within the provinces; however there was no towns and villages that had the same names with the provincial names; therefore, it turns out that the names of towns and villages that are the same with the provincial names are almost all new place names made after the modern times.
Japanese: 明治時代以前の日本には、国の中に国と同じ名を持つ郡はあっても、同じ名を持つ町や村は存在しなかったので、そのほとんどは近代以降に作られた新地名ということになる。
English: There are no specific conditions of using old province names for cities, towns and villages, but there are tendencies on tacit conditions that a provincial capital or a provincial shrine is located, or they belong to the same counties with the same names of their provinces.
Japanese: 旧国名を名乗る条件は特にないが、国府や一宮が存在することや、国名と同名の郡であることなどが暗黙のうちに条件とされる傾向がある。
English: However, these conditions have not come to be considered gradually, and at the time of big consolidation in Heisei period, controversies occurred in many cases in which municipality names were forcibly decided.
Japanese: しかし、これらは次第に考慮されなくなってきており、平成の大合併期には、強引な名称決定に論争が起きた事例も少なくなかった。
English: Counterarguments always included that there is no other plan of compromise; therefore, it can be said that naming of cities, towns, and villages with old provincial names has the aspect of compromise.
Japanese: その論争（反論）には決まって、妥協案が他にない、というものがあり、妥協的な名称としての側面も持っていると言える。
English: Early examples include Kushiro City, Izumo City, Kitami City, Bizen City, Nagato City, Mino City, Ise City, Buzen City, Hyuga City, Izumi City, Nemuro City, Tosa City, Kaga City, Settsu City, Harima-cho; during the Heisei era (the end of 20th century) municipalities with old provincial names further increased; the examples include Ishikari City, Izu City, Izunokuni City, Kai City, Shimotsuke City, Hida City, Echizen City, Iga City, Shima City, Tanba City, Awaji City, Mimasaku City, Awa City, Chikugo City, Wakasa-cho.
Japanese: 釧路市、出雲市、北見市、備前市、長門市、美濃市、伊勢市、豊前市、日向市、和泉市、根室市、土佐市、加賀市、摂津市、播磨町が古い例で、平成年間（20世紀末）からさらに増加し、石狩市、伊豆市、伊豆の国市、甲斐市、下野市、飛騨市、越前市、伊賀市、志摩市、丹波市、淡路市、美作市、阿波市、筑後市、若狭町が加わった。
English: Besides, as for Settsu City and Tosa City, their names under the town organization in the past were Mishima Town and Takaoka Town, when they adopted municipal system, they took old provincial names in order to avoid overlapping with the existing municipal names.
Japanese: なお、摂津市と土佐市はそれぞれ町政施行時の名称が三島町と高岡町であり、既存の市名との重複回避が市制施行時に旧国名を採用した理由となっている。
English: When the old provincial names are adopted, 'city' or 'town' must be attached to avoid misunderstanding; for example, if someone just says 'Izumo,' or 'Nagato,' these names mean Izumo Province and Nagato Province respectively; therefore, if the speaker means Izumo City or Nagato City, he needs to speak the entire name without omitting 'city.'
Japanese: このような場合でも、ただ「出雲」や「長門」とだけ言えば出雲国や長門国を指すことになるので、その市町村を指すときには常に「市」や「町」を付けなければならない。
English: In Hokkaido the old provincial names were used for only brief period of time; therefore, contrary to usual cases, in many cases the names without "province' mean existing municipalities such as in the cases of Numuro City, Kitami City, Ishikari city, Teshio-cho; however, in case of Kushiro City, addition of 'city' is required to distinguish it from the homonymous Kushiro-cho as in the case of Tosa City in Kochi Prefecture and Tosa-cho.
Japanese: 北海道の根室市・北見市・石狩市・天塩町等については旧国名を使用していた期間が短かったことから、逆に「国」を付けない場合は現存する自治体の方を指すことが多い（但し、釧路市は高知県土佐市と土佐町のケース同様、同名の釧路町と区別するために「市」を付ける）。
English: Concerning municipalities which changed characters for names and adopted old provincial names virtually, there are Mutsu City, Iwaki City, Sanuki City, Oushu City, and Koshu City.
Japanese: 文字面を変えて実質的に旧国名を取ったものにはむつ市、いわき市、さぬき市、奥州市、甲州市がある。
English: Hitach City is located in Hitachi Province and this provincial name has its own story with it; that is, a long time ago this region was said to be 'a road to Hitakami Province (old name for the northern region of Japan; then this 'Hitakami' was shortened to 'Hitachi,' and one day Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA, the domain head of the Mito Domain, saw the rising sun in this region and praised the beautiful scene and he changed the characters which make up the provincial name from 'the province we can see the high sun' to 'the sun rising province' although the sound is the same for both names.
Japanese: なお、日立市は常陸国に位置するが「常陸」の国名は「日高見国（東北地方の旧称）への道」を表す「ひたかみのくにへのみち」が「ひたち」へ転訛し、徳川光圀が現在の日立市一帯において朝日が昇る様の見事さを讃えて「日立」の当て字をしたことに由来すると言われている。
English: Some municipalities took their names from the county names which correspond to the provincial names; these municipalities were the part of the county; the examples include Iyo City, Tosa-cho, and Satsuma-cno (former Satsuma-cho in which Chinese characters were used).
Japanese: 国名と一致する郡名をその郡の一部が名乗ったものには、伊予市、土佐町、さつま町（旧薩摩町）などがある。
English: In some cities, it occurred that the extent of the area became completely matched with that of the old provinces through mergers; Sado City, Tsushima City, and Iki City are the city names given after the extent of the area became completely matched with that of the respective province.
Japanese: 以上と異なり、合併によって旧国の範囲と完全に一致するようになって付けられたのが、佐渡市、対馬市、壱岐市である。
English: There are several theories about the naming process of Hidaka City; however, it was made by combining the initials of Mt. Hiwada and Koma County and it has no relation with Hidaka Province of the southern part of Hokkaido (or the origin of the provincial name, Hitakami Province); The origin of the name of Aki City in Kochi Prefecture lies in Aki County, Tosa Province (Kochi Prefecture) and it has no relation with Aki Province in the western part of Hiroshima Prefecture.
Japanese: 埼玉県の日高市は諸説有るが日和田山と高麗郡の頭文字を取ったもので北海道南部の日高国（或いは、その国名の由来となった日高見国）とは関係せず、高知県の安芸市は土佐国安芸郡(高知県)が由来であり広島県西部の安芸国とは関係しない。
English: On the other hand, both of the names of Isezaki City in Gunma Prefecture (Kozuke Province) and Isehara City in Kanagawa Prefecture (Sagami Province) originate in constructing branch shrines of Ise Shrine and therefore they are related to Ise Province although the relation is indirect.
Japanese: 一方、群馬県（上野国）伊勢崎市と神奈川県（相模国）伊勢原市は共に伊勢神宮の分社を当地に建てたことに由来する名称であり、間接的ながらも伊勢国に関連している。
English: Yamato City, Yamato Town and Yamato village have another different reasons.
Japanese: 大和市、大和町(曖昧さ回避)、大和村(曖昧さ回避)はまた異なる事情を持つ。
English: " Yamato " was a popular new area name at the time of town & village consolidation in prewar days and they took the name " Yamato " as another name of Japan, not related with old Yamato Province.
Japanese: 「大和」はとりわけ戦前における町村合併時の新地名として人気があった名で、旧国の大和国ではなく、日本の別称としての「大和」を町村が名乗ったものである。
English: JR and its predecessor the Japanese National Railways had a rule in that when a new station was built and the place name of the new station was going to overlap with the existing place name, a name of an old provincial name to be prefixed to the name of the station that came later.
Japanese: JRとその前身である日本国有鉄道は、同じ地名が重複しそうな時には、後から置かれた駅名に旧国名を頭に付けることを原則とする。
English: The examples include Kosugi Station in Toyama Prefecture (Imizu City) and Musashikosugi Station in Kanagawa Prefecture, Otsuka Station In Tokyo and Mikawa Otsuka Station in Aichi Prefecture, Fuchu Station in Hiroshima Prefecture and Izumi Fuchu Station in Osaka Prefecture, Sunakawa Station in Hokkaido and Izumi Sunakawa Station in Osaka Prefecture, several Nakayama Stations that exist in Japan and Shimousa Nakayama Station.
Japanese: 富山県の小杉駅(富山県射水市)と神奈川県の武蔵小杉駅、東京都の大塚駅(東京都)と愛知県の三河大塚駅、広島県の府中駅(広島県)と大阪府の和泉府中駅、北海道の砂川駅と大阪府の和泉砂川駅、全国に複数存在する中山駅に対する千葉県の下総中山駅などである。
English: Banshu Akaho station in Hyogo Prefecture also follows this rule, but except for that station other stations are prefixed with " Harima " in the case such as Harima Shingu station.
Japanese: 兵庫県の播州赤穂駅などもこれに準じるが、同駅以外は播磨新宮駅のように「播磨」を冠している。
English: In case of Banshu Akaho station, the former Banshu Akaho station operated by Akaho raiway company in the place near the present Banshu Akaho station was famous throughout Japan and this is the reason why the present Akho station is prefixed with Banshu.
Japanese: これは現在の播州赤穂駅から少し離れた場所に存在した赤穂鉄道（国鉄赤穂線の開業に伴い廃止）の播州赤穂駅が観光地の最寄り駅として全国的に知られていたことによるものである。
English: The old Japanese National Railways (JNR) requisitioned a private company Iiyama Railways by the war time acquisition and made it into the Iiyam Line; at that time JNR made the three stations that had the 'Shinshu' in front of the station name into 'Shinano' like Shinano Asano Station; it is said that the National Railways tended to avoid the station name with 'Shinshu' in front of the station name.
Japanese: 旧国鉄では飯山鉄道を戦時買収により接収して飯山線とした際に信濃浅野駅など「信州」を冠する3駅をすべて「信濃」に改称させるなど「〜州」の名称を忌避する傾向が強いとされる。
English: Moreover, among the above examples, Musashi Kosugi station and Izumi Sunakawa staion were prefixed with old provincial names at the time of nationalization.
Japanese: また、前掲の例の中で武蔵小杉と和泉砂川は国有化により旧国名が付けられた。
English: In case of private railways, especially in case of connecting line with JNR, they put station names with prefixes so that they distinguished JNR stations of similar names from their stations.
Japanese: 私鉄でも、特に国鉄線との連絡運輸が行われる場合には旧国名をつけて区別される場合があった。
English: In cases of examples cited above, the name Izumi Fuchu Station already existed when the station was under the management of the private company Hanwa Electric Railways.
Japanese: 前掲の例でも、和泉府中駅は前身の阪和電気鉄道時代からこの駅名であった。
English: On the other hand, there were cases in which station names were distinguished through means of adding company names or some other words; in the case of Joshu Dentetsu in Gunma, 'Joshu' is added to Tomioka Station and the station name is made to 'Joshu Tomioka Station'; the reason for this naming lied in that if the provincial name of 'Kozuke' is added, there is a possibility of being confused with 'Ueno' (Taito-ward in Tokyo) or 'Ueno' of Ueno City; Japanese National Railways and East Japan Railway Company used neither 'Kozuke' nor 'Joshu,' following the examples cited above and made a new station name by adding the current prefecture name Gunma.
Japanese: 一方、社名やその他の語を付けて区別することもあり、群馬県の上信電鉄では旧国名の「上野（こうずけ）」を冠した場合に上野(台東区)や上野市の「上野（うえの）」と混同する恐れがあるため上州富岡駅のように「上州」を冠しているが、旧国鉄及び東日本旅客鉄道では前述の例に倣って「上野」と「上州」のいずれも用いず群馬藤岡駅のように現在の県名を冠する駅名を付けている。
English: In the former Iwashiro Province area, It was only Fukushima-kotsu Co., Ltd. that added 'Iwashiro' in front of the existing station name as 'Iwashiro Shimizu Station'; the former Japanese National Railways and East Japan Railway Company used the regional name of 'Aizu' like Aizu Takada Station.
Japanese: また、岩代国で「岩代」を冠するのは福島交通の岩代清水駅だけで旧国鉄・JR東日本では会津高田駅のように地方名である「会津」を冠している。
English: A rule is that when a station name is made using a name of city or town or village which accords with the old provincial name, to add the 'city' or 'town' or 'village' at the end of the name.
Japanese: 旧国名に一致する市町村名を駅名にする場合には「市」などを尻に付ける。
English: The examples include Minoshi Station, Iseshi Station, Izumoshi Station, Nagatoshi Station, and Harima-cho Station.
Japanese: 例として美濃市駅、伊勢市駅、出雲市駅、長門市駅、播磨町駅などがある。
English: An exception is Settsu Station in Osaka Prefecture in which the old provincial name is used as the name of the station without attaching the name of the city; however, Settsushi Station will be open in 2010 along the Hankyu Kyoto Main Line; Iwaki Station in Fukushima Prefecture accords with the old provincial name and in it the city name is not added, but the name is in the Japanese syllabary characters.
Japanese: 例外として、大阪府の摂津駅は市名と一致する旧国名が（但し、2010年に阪急京都本線の摂津市駅が開業予定）、福島県のいわき駅は旧国名をひらがな化した市町村名がそのまま駅名になっている。
English: As an example in which there is no city, town or village corresponding to old provincial name, we have Kii station in Wakayama Prefecture, and this station name stems from the fact in which the provincial capital was located in that place.
Japanese: 旧国名に一致する市町村名が存在しない事例では和歌山県の紀伊駅があり、紀伊の国府が置かれていたことに由来する名称である。
English: The examples of the names of stations in which the old provincial names of other places are used and the old provincial names have no relation with the station in question include two Yamato Stations which exist in Ibaraki Prefecture and Kanagawa Prefecture respectively, Hyuga Station in Chiba Prefecture, Awaji Prefecture in Osaka Prefecture, Iwaki Station, Tajima Station, Iwami Station in Nara Prefecture, Iwashiro Station in Wakayama Prefecture, and Aki Station in Aki City in Kochi Prefecture of which we have already mentioned; the station in Miyazaki City in Miyazaki Prefecture is Hyugashi Station following the examples already explained.
Japanese: 大和駅(茨城県)と大和駅(神奈川県)にそれぞれ存在する大和駅及び千葉県にある日向駅、大阪府にある淡路駅、奈良県にある磐城駅・但馬駅・石見駅、和歌山県にある岩代駅、前述の高知県安芸市にある安芸駅は、外の地域の旧国名と同じ名称の駅名となっているが、旧国名と駅名との間に関係はない（なお、宮崎県日向市の駅は前出の例に従い日向市駅である）。
English: In some cases, station names with old provincial names are called by neighboring residents as their ordinary names without old provincial names.
Japanese: 旧国名を付けた駅名は、近隣住民などから通称として旧国名なしで呼ばれる場合もある。
English: There was a time that even some railway corporations omitted the old provincial name and called the stations with the old provincial names omitting added part; for example, in case of Kintetsu Corporation, announcements in the trains, broadcasting in the station precincts, and in the rollsigns, the old provincial names were omitted up to 2004 (an example: Yamato Saidaiji Station was called Saidaiji Station).
Japanese: 事業者側でもそのような扱いをしている場合があり、たとえば近畿日本鉄道では、2004年ごろまで車内放送・駅構内放送・方向幕では旧国名を省略していた（例：大和西大寺駅→西大寺）。
English: Takadashi Station of Kintetsu Corporation was Takada-cho Station when it was opened; Takada-cho became Yamatotakada City in 1948; at that time the station named Yamato-Takada Station already existed; for this reason the corporation took the bold step of changing the station name into Takadashi Station in which the old provincial name of 'Yamato' is omitted.
Japanese: また、近鉄の高田市駅は開業当初、高田町駅であったが大和高田市が1948年に市制施行した際、既に大和高田駅が別に存在したことから敢えて旧国名の「大和」を略したままの改称に踏み切っている。
English: In car registration plate in Japan, the old provincial names are used for the following numbers.
Japanese: 自動車のナンバープレート(日本)では、以下のナンバーに旧国名が使用されている。
English: Izu (Numazu Office for Motor Vehicle Inspection and Registration, Shizuoka Transport Branch Office, Chubu District Transport Bureau) * Gotochi (local) Number
Japanese: 伊豆（中部運輸局静岡運輸支局沼津自動車検査登録事務所）※ご当地ナンバー
English: Among these, Kushiro number includes Nemuro Province and Chishima Province, and Izumi number includes a part of Kawachi Province.
Japanese: これらのうち、釧路ナンバーは根室国と千島国を、和泉ナンバーは河内国の一部を含んでいる。
English: In case that there are plural Transportation branches and Car Inspection & Registration Offices, they often take names from city names in their locations and it can be said that in cases of Kushiro and Izumi, their locations only happen to be the cities which bear the names of old provincial names.
Japanese: 一つの都道府県に複数の運輸支局・自動車検査登録事務所がある場合、管轄区域をあまり考慮せず、単に所在地の都市名から名称を取ることが多く、釧路・和泉の場合は、所在地が旧国名をそのまま名乗る市であったに過ぎないと言える。
English: Senji refers to the formal name of the documents to transmit orders of the emperor and Dajokan (Grand Council of State) in Japan in and after the period of ritsuryo system (the system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code).
Japanese: 宣旨（せんじ）は、律令期以降の日本において天皇・太政官の命令を伝達する文書の形式名。
English: When the emperor's orders and intents (Chokushi [imperial order]) were put into document form at Dajokan as Dajokanpu (official documents from Dajokan to local governments) and Dajokancho (official documents from Dajokan to Buddhist temples), Shi (clerk) (under the ritsuryo system) of Benkankyoku (Controller's Office) received the orders and intents in oral.
Japanese: 天皇の命令・意向（勅旨）が太政官において太政官符・太政官牒などとして文書化される際、文書作成を行う弁官局の史(律令制)が口頭で命令・意向を受ける。
English: At this time, Benkanshi (controller) created own memo in order not to forget the contents of such orders and intents.
Japanese: このとき、弁官史は、命令・意向の内容を忘れないために自らのメモを作成した。