nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Yet even after this point, legends and folklore about the Gonanch forces remained in existence among the common people, and Seijiro TAKIKAWA pointed out that one of the tales of wandering aristocrats among the Sanka (mountain folk of Japan) may have made use of the Gonancho stories.
Japanese: しかしその後も民間で後南朝の伝説や伝承は残り、貴種流離譚の一つとしてサンカに利用された可能性を滝川政次郎は指摘している。
English: In the liberal atmosphere after the end of the World War II, when figures like Hiromichi KUMAZAWA, the so-called 'Emperor Kumazawa,' appeared and each claimed that only he himself was the legitimate successor to the Emperor, most of these self-styled Emperors were reacting to the fact that in 1911 Emperor Meiji had decided that the Southern lineage was the legitimate one, and came forward claiming to be descendants of the Southern dynasty.
Japanese: 太平洋戦争後の開放的気分の中で「熊沢天皇」こと熊沢寛道など、自らを正統な天皇の継承者と称する自称天皇たちが現れたとき、その多くは、1911年（明治44年）に明治天皇の裁断によって南朝が正統とされたことを受けて、後南朝の子孫と主張していた。
English: The Koryaku Coup was a coup d'etat that occurred in 1379 (the fifth year of Tenju (Southern)/first year of Koryaku (Northern)) during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), in which the Kanrei, or deputy (de facto leader) of the Muromachi Shogunate, Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, was overthrown and lost his position.
Japanese: 康暦の政変（こうりゃくのせいへん）は、南北朝時代(日本)の天授(日本)5年/康暦元年（1379年）に室町幕府の管領・細川頼之が失脚した政変である。
English: During the reign of the Muromachi Shogunate's second Shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, a conflict had arisen among the group of shugo (Protectors), and after such men as the steward Kiyouji HOSOKAWA were driven out of power, they defected to the Southern Court at Yoshino, who managed to recapture Kyoto, which left the shogunate in a very unstable position.
Japanese: 室町幕府の2代将軍足利義詮の頃には守護同士が対立し、執事の細川清氏などは失脚した後に吉野朝廷に属して京都を奪還するなど幕政は不安定な状態にあった。
English: After Kiyouji was overthrown, the reins of political power were held by a father-son pair, Takatsune and Yoshimasa SHIBA, but they clashed with Doyo SASAKI, and were themselves driven from power during the Joji coup.
Japanese: 清氏失脚後には斯波高経、斯波義将親子が政権を持つが、佐々木道誉との対立などから貞治の政変で失脚する。
English: Just before Yoshiakira died, Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, who had been fighting the Southern Court forces on the island of Shikoku and in the Chugoku region (of western Japan), was appointed Kanrei after obtaining the support of Sasaki and others of the anti-Shiba faction.
Japanese: 義詮死去の直前には四国地方、中国地方で南朝側と戦っていた細川頼之が佐々木など反斯波氏派の支持を得て管領に就任する。
English: Yoriyuki acted as advisor and regent to Yoshiakira's son Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, who was still a child, and carried out policies like experimenting with a new hansei (half-tax) law, which was designed to protect existing land holdings, and he attempted to negotiate with the Southern Court, but he also became embroiled in a religious conflict between Mt. Hiei, the powerful old Buddhist sect, and Nanzen-ji temple, a center of the rising new Zen sect; he opposed the Mt. Hiei faction because he was supporting the Nanzen-ji faction, yet he also clashed with Nanzen-ji's own powerful religious leaders, for example, when he opposed chief priest Myoha Shunnoku's seclusion from public life.
Japanese: 頼之は義詮の子で幼少の足利義満を補佐し、半済令の試行や南朝との交渉などの政策を実施するが、旧仏教勢力の比叡山と新興禅宗の南禅寺との対立においては南禅寺派を支持していたため叡山派と対立し、南禅寺の住職春屋妙葩が隠棲して抗議するなど宗教勢力とも対立していた。
English: In 1376, Yoriyuki made his younger brother Yorimoto HOSOKAWA supreme military commander and dispatched him to counter the Southern Court's military maneuvers in the Kii peninsula, but Yorimoto failed to subjugate the area, and the third Shogun Yoshimitsu, who had now reached adulthood, had the leader of the Yamana clan, a member of the anti-Yoriyuki faction, to sent as a replacement; moreover, he granted appointments to others of the anti-Yoriyuki faction, including Yoriyasu TOKI and the rehabilitated Yoshimasa SHIBA, to command military activities in Yamato.
Japanese: 1376年には紀伊での南朝方の活動に対して頼之は弟の細川頼元を総大将とし派遣するが鎮圧に失敗し、成長した3代将軍義満は反頼之派の山名氏を派遣させ、また大和での軍事活動には復帰した斯波義将や土岐頼康ら反頼之派に軍勢を与える。
English: The following year, in 1377, when riotous strife within Yoshimasa's territory spread like wildfire to Ota estate (modern-day Toyama City in Toyama Pref.), part of Yoriyuki's territory, the antagonistic dispute between Yoriyuki and the Shiba faction, Toki, the Yamana clan, and others flared out into the open, and some shugo switched from the Yoriyuki faction to the Shiba faction.
Japanese: 翌77年（天授3年/永和(日本)3年）には義将の所領内の騒動が頼之の領地であった太田荘（現富山県富山市）に飛び火すると、頼之と斯波派、土岐、山名氏らの抗争は表面化し、頼之派から斯波派に転じる守護も現れた。
English: The anti-Yoriyuki faction asked Yoshimitsu for permission to expel and subjugate Yoriyuki, and when Takahide SASAKI, who had switched to the anti-Yoriyuki faction, raised an army at Omi, Ujimitsu ASHIKAGA, the Shogun's representative at Kamakura, prepared to begin military action in response, it also happened that Noriharu UESUGI committed suicide to remonstrate with him about this course of action.
Japanese: 反頼之派は義満に対して頼之の排斥、討伐を要請し、近江で反頼之派に転じた佐々木高秀が挙兵すると、鎌倉公方の足利氏満が呼応して軍事行動を起こそうとし上杉憲春に諌死される事件も起こる。
English: When Yoshimitsu pardoned several, including Takahide and Yoriyasu, under pressure from Yoshimasa and others, the anti-Yoriyuki faction, and Yoshimasa first among them, gathered their military forces together and surrounded the Shogun's flower garden at his estate, insisting that Yoshimitsu dismiss Yoriyuki.
Japanese: 義満は義将らの圧力で高秀や頼康らを赦免すると、義将はじめ反頼之派が軍勢を用いて将軍邸の花の御所を包囲して義満に頼之の罷免を迫る。
English: Yoriyuki, after going off to Shikoku, fought with the Kono clan of Iyo Province, who had received a shogunal order to hunt him down and kill him; however, at the end of the year, Yoriyuki received a pardon.
Japanese: 四国へ下った頼之は幕府から頼之追討令を受けた伊予の河野氏らと戦い、年末には赦免をうける。
English: But given that his younger brother Yorimoto HOSOKAWA assumed the position of kanrei, and the fact that Yoriyuki himself was eventually able to stage a political comeback and return to the inner circle of the shogunate, it is thought that this coup may have been instigated by Yoshimitsu, who wished to achieve independence from Yoriyuki.
Japanese: 弟の細川頼元は管領に就任し、頼之自身もその後幕政の中心に復帰していることから、この政変は頼之からの自立を望んだ義満の提唱によって起こされたものと考えられる。
English: It is thought that Yoshimitsu played the Shiba and Hosokawa clan factions off against each other, using their mutual antagonism to check them both and keep either from becoming too powerful.
Japanese: 斯波氏・細川氏両派の抗争を利用し、相互に牽制させて強大化を防いだとも考えられている。
English: After the coup, Yoshimitsu established the Hokoshu, a Shogunal army directly loyal to him, and succeeded in using it to weaken the two most powerful shugo families, the Yamana clan in 1391 during the Meitoku Rebellion and the Ouchi clan in 1397 by means of the Oei Rebellion, thereby solidifying the shogunate's control over the country.
Japanese: 義満はこの後には将軍直轄の軍事力である奉公衆を整備し、1391年の明徳の乱においては山名氏を、1397年の応永の乱においては大内氏を追討して有力守護を弱体化させ、幕府の支配体制を固めていく。
English: The Oei rebellion, which broke out in the sixth year of the Oei era (1399) during the Muromachi period, was a revolt against the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) led by the shugo daimyo (feudal lord) Yoshihiro OUCHI, in which he occupied the city of Sakai (modern-day Osaka) which was eventually brought to ruin.
Japanese: 応永の乱（おうえいのらん）は、室町時代の応永6年（1399年）に、守護大名の大内義弘が室町幕府に対して反乱を起こして堺市に篭城して滅ぼされた事件である。
English: The Shoguns of the Muromachi bakufu had been courting an alliance with the most powerful of the shugo daimyo, because the shogunate's power and authority was still weak.
Japanese: 室町幕府の征夷大将軍は有力守護大名の連合に擁立されており、その権力は弱体だった。
English: He displayed his influence by having the Flower palace rebuilt, and he increased the numbers in his hokoshu (guardian) force, essentially an army he personally commanded, thereby boosting shogunal authority.
Japanese: 花の御所を造営して権勢を示し、直轄軍である奉公衆を増強して将軍権力を強化した。
English: Moreover, Yoshimitsu was also bent on weakening the most powerful of the shugo daimyo, and in 1379, he skillfully exploited the conflict between the Hoskawa and Siba families to engineer the overthrow of the powerful Kanrei, Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA (in what became known as the Koryaku coup).
Japanese: また、義満は有力守護大名の弱体化を図り、康暦元年（1379年）、細川氏と斯波氏の対立を利用して管領細川頼之を失脚させた（康暦の政変）。
English: In 1389, Yoshimitsu deliberately provoked Yasuyuki TOKI into raising troops and then crushed him (this incident is referred to as Yasuyuki TOKI's rebellion).
Japanese: 康応元年（1389年）には土岐康行を挑発して挙兵に追い込み、これを下す（土岐康行の乱）。
English: And then, in 1391, Yoshimitsu bent his efforts on creating divisions and strife within the very powerful Yamana clan, which held the role of shugo (de facto governor) for 11 provinces and were called "the lords of one-sixth of all Japan;" Yoshimitsu succeeded in bringing about the family's ruin when he had the brothers Tokihiro and Ujiyuki YAMANA strike against their own relatives, Ujikiyo and Mitsuyuki YAMANA.
Japanese: そして、明徳2年（1391年）、11カ国の守護となり『六分の一殿』と呼ばれた大勢力の山名氏の分裂をけしかけ、山名時熙と山名氏幸の兄弟を一族の山名氏清と山名満幸に討たせて没落させた。
English: The Ouchi clan claimed descent from Crown Prince Imson, son of King Seong of the Baejje kingdom in Korea; indigenous to Suo Province, they became warriors in Japanese society, and reached the rank of gokenin (lower-ranking vassal) under the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 大内氏は百済聖明王の皇子琳聖太子を祖と称し、周防国に土着して武士となり、鎌倉幕府の御家人に連なった。
English: During the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), they initially sided with the Southern Court, but afterwards switched their allegiance to the Northern Court and fought against the Kikuchi clan and other Southern Court supporters in Kyushu; the Muromachi bakufu rewarded them by appointing them shugo (a position tantamount to military governor) over the provinces of Suo, Nagato, and Iwami.
Japanese: 南北朝時代(日本)では南朝(日本)に付くが後に北朝(日本)に帰順して九州の菊池氏らと戦い、幕府から周防国・長門国・石見国の守護職に任じられた。
English: Yoshihiro OUCHI joined the army of the local military commissioner (tandai) in charge of Kyushu, Ryoshun IMAGAWA, and fought against the Southern Court forces in Kyushu for many years, and as a reward was made shugo over Buzen Province (eastern Fukuoka today) as well.
Japanese: 大内義弘は九州探題今川了俊に従軍して九州の南朝方と多年にわたり戦い、豊前国守護職を加えられた。
English: Yoshihiro fought very hard and valiantly during the Meitoku rebellion, achieving a remarkable number of military victories and exploits, so he was also made shugo of Izumi and Kii Provinces.
Japanese: 明徳の乱では義弘は大いに奮戦して武功著しく、和泉国・紀伊国の守護職を与えられる。
English: Yoshihiro also had the merit of having helped mediate the unification of the two courts, and reached the point that he was treated with the same honors as a relative of the Ashikaga clan itself.
Japanese: また南北朝合一を斡旋して功績があり、足利氏一門の待遇を受けるまでになった。
English: Making the most of the close proximity of his seat of power to mainland Asia, Yoshihiro also worked to build trade relations between the Ouchi and the Joseon dynasty in Korea, thereby amassing a vast fortune.
Japanese: 義弘は本拠が大陸と近い地理を活かして李氏朝鮮との貿易を営み巨万の富を蓄えていた。
English: He made an effort to suppress the wako (Japanese) pirates operating near Korea in compliance with a request by the Joseon king, receiving commendation and praise from the king for his success, and among other overtures, he even sent a messenger to the Joseon kingdom to express his hope that, because the Ouchi had a royal prince of Baekje as an ancestor, he be granted lands in Korea itself; all in all, Yoshihiro had forged a very strong relationship with the Joseon kingdom in Korea.
Japanese: 義弘は朝鮮の要請に従って倭寇の禁圧に努力して朝鮮国王から称賛されており、義弘は使者を朝鮮に送って祖先が百済皇子であることから、朝鮮国内の土地を賜ることを願うなど朝鮮との強いつながりを持っていた。
English: The Ouchi clan had become so powerful - simultaneously shugo of six provinces, Suo, Nagato, Iwami, Buzen, Izumi, and Kii, and possessing great wealth thanks to their trade - that they were bound to put Yoshimitsu, who was aiming to establish a system of despotic rule by the Shogun, on his guard.
Japanese: 周防・長門・石見・豊前・和泉・紀伊の6カ国の守護を兼ね貿易により財力を有する強大な大内氏の存在は将軍専制権力の確立を目指す義満の警戒を誘った。
English: In 1394, Yoshimitsu passed the role and responsibilities of Shogun on to Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA and ascended to Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state).
Japanese: 応永元年（1394年）義満は将軍職を足利義持に譲り、太政大臣に昇る。
English: Quite a few daimyo and court nobles sought to flatter him and so they all took the tonsure; Yoshihiro also took the tonsure and entered the Buddhist priesthood.
Japanese: 諸大名、公家はこぞってこれに追従して出家し、義弘もまた出家入道した。
English: Up until this point, the relationship between Yoshimitsu and Yoshihiro had been very cordial, but in 1397, Yoshimitsu began construction of Kinkaku-ji Temple, and consequently wanted the various daimyo to contribute people towards this project.
Japanese: この頃までは義満と義弘の関係は良好だったが、応永4年（1397年）、義満は金閣寺の造営を始め、諸大名に人数の供出を求めた。
English: But among all the daimyo, Yoshihiro alone objected, saying 'Warriors should serve with their bows and arrows,' and refused to comply, incurring Yoshimitsu's displeasure.
Japanese: しかし、諸大名の中で義弘のみは「武士は弓矢をもって奉公するものである」とこれに従わず、義満の不興を買った。
English: At the end of that same year (1397) Yoshihiro was ordered to strike down the Shoni clan, and began fighting with them in Chikuzen Province only to lose his younger brother Mitsuhiro OUCHI in battle, and worse still, no order was given to reward the fallen Mitsuhiro's son for his father's sacrifice, only increasing Yoshihiro's discontent; but what provoked his indignation still more was the rumor that Yoshimitsu had secretly commanded the Shoni and Kikuchi clans to strike down Yoshihiro.
Japanese: 同年末、義弘は少弐氏討伐を命じられ、筑前国で戦い弟の大内満弘が討死するがその子への恩賞の沙汰が無く不満を募らせ、更に義満が裏で少弐氏と菊地氏に義弘を討つように命じていたとの噂があり憤慨していた。
English: When a Korean envoy arrived in Japan in 1398 and presented Yoshihiro with a vast number of gifts, Yoshimasa SHIBA slandered him to Yoshimitsu, saying 'Now Yoshihiro is accepting bribes from Korea,' and when Yoshihiro heard of this slander he was furious.
Japanese: 応永5年（1398年）来日した朝鮮使節から義弘が莫大な進物を受け取っていたことを斯波義将らが「義弘は朝鮮から賄賂を受け取っている」と義満に讒言し、それが義弘に聞こえて激怒させている。
English: To Yoshimitsu, who was trying to plan how to proceed in forging trade links with mainland Asia, the existence of someone like Yoshihiro, possessing as he did such a strong bond with Korea, must have been quite obtrusive.
Japanese: 大陸との貿易の推進を図る義満にとっても朝鮮と強いつながりを持つ義弘の存在は目障りなものになった。
English: Yoshimitsu repeatedly summoned Yoshihiro to the capital, but rumors had spread that 'You'll be deprived of your governorship (shugo) over Iwami and Kii' or even 'You'll be assassinated on the road to Kyoto,' and hearing these, Yoshihiro felt uneasy.
Japanese: 義満は度々義弘へ上洛を催促するが、「和泉、紀伊の守護職が剥奪される」「上洛したところを誅殺される」との噂が流れ、義弘を不安にさせた。
English: This secret agreement was reached through the mediation of Ryoshun IMAGAWA, who had unilaterally lost his standing and had been dismissed from his post as tandai (local military commissioner) of Kyushu thanks to Yoshimitsu's machinations.
Japanese: この密約には義満によって一方的に九州探題を解任され失脚していた今川了俊が仲介役になっている。
English: In addition, Yoshihiro contacted several potential allies, including Akinao TOKI of Mino Province, who had been brought to ruin during Yasuyuki TOKI's rebellion a few years earlier, Tokikiyo YAMANA, eldest son and heir of Ujikiyo YAMANA, who had been destroyed during the Meitoku rebellion, Hidemitsu KYOGOKU (younger brother of Takanori KYOGOKU, the shugo of Izumo Province), the warrior monks of Enryaku-ji and Kofuku-ji Temples, and Gonancho (Second Southern Court) forces like the Kusunoki and Kikuchi clans, urging them to raise troops to oppose the shogunate.
Japanese: さらに、先年の土岐康行の乱で没落していた美濃国の土岐詮直、明徳の乱で滅ぼされた山名氏清の嫡男山名時清、近江国の京極秀満（出雲国守護京極高詮の弟）や延暦寺・興福寺衆徒、楠氏・菊地氏ら後南朝方と連絡をとり挙兵をうながした。
English: On November 19, 1399 (Oei era), Yoshihiro OUCHI led his forces out and arrived at the inlet of Sakai (Osaka) at the border of Izumi Province, and sent his retainer Shinzaemon HIRAI on to the capital, but chose not to go himself.
Japanese: 応永6年（1399年）10月13日、大内義弘は軍勢を率いて分国和泉国堺の浦に着き、家臣の平井新左衛門を入洛させるが、自身は参洛しなかった。
English: Yoshimitsu sent the monk Hogen IYO, who worked for the Cloistered Imperial Prince Sondo of Shoren-in Monzeki (head priest of Shoren-in temple), to Sakai to insist that Yoshihiro travel to the capital, but Yoshihiro refused to comply, saying 'There are some things that will not go according to your will.'
Japanese: 義満は青蓮院門跡尊道法親王に仕える伊予法眼を堺へ送り上洛を促すが、義弘は「意に添わないことがある」と参洛に応じない。
English: Bizen Nyudo HIRAI also argued along the same lines, trying to persuade Yoshihiro that he should re-swear his allegiance and appeal to the Shogun's good graces, for if he did not he would be declared an enemy of the Imperial Court and his whole family would be destroyed.
Japanese: 平井備前入道も恭順して嘆願すべきであり、さもなくば朝敵となり御家滅亡になると義弘を説得した。
English: Chushin ZEKKAI counseled him not to believe rumors that the shogunal family was bent on destroying Yoshihiro, and that he should make his way to the capital and apologize to the Ashikaga family for not heeding the earlier summons.
Japanese: 絶海中津は将軍家が義弘を滅ぼそうとしているとの噂を信じず、上洛して将軍家に謝罪すべきことを説く。
English: Yoshihiro said that he remained grateful for the deep favor the shogunal family had bestowed on him, but also listed his own accomplishments in the battles in Kyushu joining forces with Ryoshun IMAGAWA, in the Meitoku rebellion, in unifying the Southern and Northern Courts, and in the annihilation of the Shoni family before pointing out his dissatisfaction that despite these deeds, the Ashikaga family was trying to remove Izumi and Kii Provinces from his governance, and the fact that his nephew, the son of his younger brother Mitsuhiro - who had died in battle during the recent campaign against the Shoni family - had received no reward for his father's service.
Japanese: 義弘は将軍家からの御恩の深さを感謝しながらも、今川了俊に従軍しての九州での戦い、明徳の乱、南北朝合一、少弐氏退治での自らの功績を述べ、それにも関わらず将軍家は和泉国と紀伊国を取り上げようとし、また先年の少弐氏との戦いで討ち死にした弟の満弘の子への恩賞がない不満を述べる。
English: Chushin ZEKKAI responded by saying that he saw that Yoshihiro's loyalty was beyond question, and that one cannot trust the rumors the world produces he also reiterated his advice to go the capital, claiming that the reason no reward had been conferred on Mitsuhiro's son was that Yoshihiro had not obeyed the summons to Kyoto in the first place.
Japanese: 絶海中津は義弘の忠節は隠れ無きものであり、世の噂を信じるべきではない、また満弘の子への恩賞がないのは上洛しないために行賞できないからだと重ねて上洛を促した。
English: In response, Yoshihiro declared that he had formed an alliance with the Kanto (the kubo, or shogunal representative of Kanto, Mitsukane ASHIKAGA) to remonstrate with the shogunate's policies, and to go now to Kyoto would violate the terms of that alliance, but said he would be marching on Kyoto together with Mitsukane on the second day of the following month.
Japanese: これに対して、義弘は政道を諌めるため関東（関東公方足利満兼）と同心しており、ここで上洛すれば約束を違える事になる、来月2日に関東とともに上洛すると言い放った。
English: The vanguard of the army, more than 6000 riders led by Yorimoto HOSOKAWA, Takanori KYOGOKU, and Yoshinori AKAMATSU, immediately rode out from Yodo towards Izumi Province.
Japanese: ただちに細川頼元、京極高詮、赤松義則の先発隊6000余騎が淀から和泉国へ発向する。
English: By December 19, Yoshimitsu had advanced as far as Hachiman, where he met up with the main force of 30,000 riders, led by the kanrei Motokuni HATAKEYAMA and former kanrei Yoshimasa SHIBA, and then they all proceeded towards Izumi Province together.
Japanese: 11月14日、義満は八幡まで進み、管領畠山基国と前管領斯波義将が率いる主力3万騎が和泉国へ発向した。
English: Bungo Nyudo SUGI advocated that they seize the opportunity they had been given and travel by ship to Amagasaki City, where they could launch a surprise attack against the army at Hachiman and fight one great battle where all would be decided.
Japanese: 杉豊後入道は機制を制して舟で尼崎市に上陸して八幡の陣を突き決戦することを主張した。
English: Bizen Nyudo HIRAI, who had been warning against any effort to overthrow the shogunate for some time now, asserted that any offensive strike was futile, and proposed that they hole up in their castles.
Japanese: かねてから謀反を諌めていた平井備前入道は出戦は無益であるとし篭城策を説いた。
English: Yoshihiro collected lumber and erected 48 major towers and more than 1000 watchtowers, creating a castle of approx. 1.96 square meters to serve as strong points around Sakai, and began boasting that 'the enemy could not defeat us here even if they brought one million men against us.'
Japanese: 義弘は材木を集め、井楼48と矢倉1000余を建てて堺に方18町の強固な城を築き、「たとえ百万騎の軍勢でも破ることはできない」と豪語した。
English: On the other hand, Yoshihiro did make preparations against the likelihood of his death in battle, even going so far as to invite the monk who had previously given him the tonsure to come and perform his funeral service.
Japanese: 一方で、義弘は討死を覚悟して、かねて帰依していた僧を招き自らの葬儀を執り行った。
English: He also sent both his will and a remembrance of himself to his mother, whom he had left at home in Suo Province, and sent a message to his younger brother Morimi OUCHI to guard the provinces under their control well and fiercely.
Japanese: また、周防国に残した母に形見と遺言を送り、弟の大内盛見には分国を固く守るよう申し送った。
English: The shogunal army of about 30,000 horsemen surrounded Sakai and laid siege to it, while at sea, pirates from Shikoku and Awaji Island blockaded Sakai's harbor with a fleet of more than 100 ships.
Japanese: 幕府軍3万余騎は堺を包囲し、海上は四国・淡路島の海賊100余艘が封鎖した。
English: Yoshihiro gathered all available troops at Sakai, and had both Kuro SUGI, who was fighting at Moriguchi Castle, and Bicchu no kami (the governor of Bicchu Province) SUGI, who was deployed at Kamoyama, fall back and join him there.
Japanese: 義弘は森口城で戦っていた杉九郎と鴨山に配備した杉備中守を立退かせて堺に兵力を集中させた。
English: On the north, kanrei Motokuni HATAKEYAMA's force of 2000 men broke through Ichinoki and Ninoki gates, pushing their assault as far as Sannoki gate in what developed into a bitterly fought battle that left more than 700 dead or wounded.
Japanese: 管領畠山基国の軍勢2000余騎が北側の一の木戸、二の木戸を打ち破り、三の木戸まで攻め寄せ700人余が死傷する激戦を展開する。
English: Tokihiro YAMANA's 500-man force replaced the Hatakeyama army and pressed the attack, while Bungo Nyudo SUGI and others led a sortie out from the castle to meet them in battle with 500 men.
Japanese: 畠山勢に代って山名時熈の軍勢500余騎が攻め寄せ、城内からは杉豊後ら500余騎が出撃して戦う。
English: Toshiyasu KITABATAKE, the provincial governor of Iyo, came to reinforce the Yamana army with about 300 men, and was caught in such fierce fighting that Toshiyasu's own son, a major general, was killed.
Japanese: 伊勢国国司の北畠俊康の軍勢300余騎が山名勢に加勢、子息の少将が討死する程激しく戦った。
English: The armies of the Hosokawa and Akamatsu clans, numbering about 5000, attacked from the south of Sakai, while the Rokkaku and Kyogoku clans pressed the assault from the east.
Japanese: 細川氏、赤松氏の5000余騎は南側から、六角氏、京極氏は東側から攻め寄せる。
English: Around this time, Akinau TOKI, who had formed an alliance with Yoshihiro, raised an army and invaded Owari Province, penetrating as far as Mino Province.
Japanese: その頃、義弘に同心した土岐詮直が挙兵して尾張国へ討ち入り、美濃国へ侵攻した。
English: At that point, the shugo of Mino, Yorimasu TOKI, was at the camp of the army fighting against Ouchi's forces, but immediately returned to Mino and smashed Akinao's army.
Japanese: 美濃守護の土岐頼益は大内攻めの陣にいたが、直ちに美濃へ引きかえして詮直を打ち破る。
English: Ujikiyo YAMANA's eldest son and heir, Tokikiyo, had also allied himself with Yoshihiro, and attacked into Tanba Province, invading the capital (Kyoto) and setting fires there before targeting the shogunal army camped at Hachiman and raiding it with 300 men.
Japanese: 山名氏清の嫡男時清も義弘に同心して丹波国へ討ち入り、京都市へ侵入して火を放ち、300余騎で八幡の幕府軍本陣を目指して突入した。
English: When the Kyogoku force of 1000 men, who had joined the attack against the Ouchi, retraced their steps and neared Moriyama, Hidemitsu, trying to join up with Akinau TOKI, headed for Mino Province, but on the way he became caught in the middle of a farmers' uprising and was routed; Hidemitsu slipped away with just one close retainer and disappeared.
Japanese: 大内攻めに加わっていた京極勢1000余騎が引き返して森山へ迫ると、秀満は土岐詮直と合流すべく美濃国へ向かうが途中で土一揆の蜂起に遭って潰走、秀満は主従2騎で落ちて行方知れずになった。
English: Moreover, because Hidemitsu's official government post was "kingo" (saemon no jo under the ritsuryo system), when referring to just his raising of troops it is also called the Kingo Disturbance (kingo sodo in Japanese).
Japanese: なお、秀満の官職が金吾（左衛門尉）であったことから、この挙兵だけを指して金吾騒動（きんごそうどう）とも称する。
English: Mitsukane ASHIKAGA, kubo (shogunal representative) of the Kanto, led about 10,000 men into Musashi Province, advancing as far as Koan-ji Temple in the city of Fuchu, but halted his advance after he was warned by the Kanrei of the Kanto, Norisada UESUGI not to continue.
Japanese: 関東公方足利満兼は1万騎余を率いて武蔵国府中市(東京都)高安寺まで進んだが、関東管領上杉憲定に諌められて兵を止めた。
English: The shogunal forces resolved to attack the city with fire, and having prepared sagicho rockets (a kind of firecracker), they got the road ready before launching another general attack in the early morning of January 25, 1400.
Japanese: 幕府軍は火攻めを計画して左義長（爆竹）を用意し、道を整えた上で、12月21日早朝に総攻撃を開始した。