nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In the letter dated May 16, 1635, he gave a special instruction 'hawk picture folding screens should be created and carried to Nikko, and for external fame, pictures should be drawn skillfully' and he showed satisfaction with the result in the letter dated April 8, 1636, 'twelve hawk picture plates were delivered safely and they have painted excellently' ('Book by Tadakatsu SAKAI vol.2').
Japanese: 寛永十二年五月十六日付書状では、「鷹之絵屏風弐双分成程念を入書セ可申候、日光へ上ケ申候間、末代之事ニ候間、其段絵書ニ能申付書セ可申」と、特段の吟味を指示し、完成後の翌十三年四月八日付では、「鷹之絵板十二枚無事ニ相届候、絵も一段能書申候」とその出来映えに満足している（「酒井忠勝書下」）。
English: Choubei the second had such skills that could have come up to expectations of his lord Tadakatsu who had the post of roju (member of shogun's council of elders), but died in 1647.
Japanese: 二代長兵衛は、このように老中の要職にあった主君忠勝の期待にこたえうるような技量の持主であったが、正保四年（一六四七）に没している。
English: 'Planning exhibition Rare Tsuruga hawk picture artist Choubei HASHIMOTO' April 26 to June 1, 2008 Tsuruga municipal museum in Tsuruga City in Fukui Prefecture
Japanese: 「企画展幻の敦賀鷹画師・橋本長兵衛」2008年4月26日-6月1日福井県敦賀市立博物館
English: Kazumasa TSUDA (year of birth unknown - April 22, 1585) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 津田算正（つだかずまさ、生年不詳-1585年4月22日（天正13年3月23日(旧暦)））は、安土桃山時代の武将。
English: In 1568, he succeeded the family estate after the death of his father Kazunaga and was referred to as kenmotsu (an auditor Nakatsukasa sho, the Ministry of Civil Affairs).
Japanese: 1568年（永禄11年）、父算長の死を受けて家督を継ぎ、後に監物を称する。
English: In 1577, he served Nobunaga ODA and was assigned to deal with Saiga shu (Ikko groups) as the lord of Sano-jo Castle in Izumi Province.
Japanese: 1577年（天正5年）、織田信長に仕えて和泉国佐野城主として雑賀衆の備えを任される。
English: In 1584, he joined the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute on the Tokugawa side and threatened the back of the Toyotomi side.
Japanese: 1584年（天正12年）、小牧・長久手の戦いに徳川方として参戦し、豊臣方の背後を脅かす。
English: On March 23, 1585, he resisted the attack on Kishu by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, but Negoro-ji Temple fell and was killed during escape.
Japanese: 1585年（天正13年）3月23日、豊臣秀吉の紀州征伐に対して抗戦するも根来寺が陥落し、その逃走中に討死した。
English: Kimi no Kotachi was a government official of the late Nara Period and his name was recorded in "Shoku Nihongi" (Chronicle of Japan Continued).
Japanese: 吉弥侯横刀（きみこのたち）は、奈良時代後半の官人で『続日本紀』にみえる人物である。
English: During the reign of Emperor Konin, in January, 779, he was promoted from Jurokuinoge (Junior Sixth Rank, Lower Grade) to Ge-jugoinoge (Jugoinoge [Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade] given to persons outside Kyoto), and in September, 779, was appointed to Hangan (judge) of Konoefu (the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards) (Kone no shogen [Lieutenant of the Inner Palace Guards]).
Japanese: 光仁天皇の宝亀10年（779年）正月、従六位下から外従五位下に叙せられて同じ年の9月、近衛府の判官（近衛将監）に任じられた。
English: During the reign of Emperor Kanmu, in January, 783, he was appointed to Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) due to his diligence; in February, 783, he was appointed to Kozuke no suke (Assistant Governor) of Kozuke Province and in March, he was given the family name of 'SHIMOTSUKENU no Ason.'
Japanese: 桓武天皇即位後の延暦2年（783年）正月には精勤を認められて従五位下を授けられ、同年2月、上野国上野介に就任し、3月には「下毛野朝臣」が賜姓された。
English: Teisuke AKIYAMA (August 24, 1868 - January 19, 1950) was a statesman and businessman from Okayama Prefecture.
Japanese: 秋山定輔（あきやまていすけ、慶応4年7月7日(旧暦)（1868年8月24日）-昭和25年（1950年）1月19日）は、岡山県出身の政治家、実業家。
English: "Niroku Shipo" shared the market with another gossip paper, "Manchoho," which was also specialized in the scandals of celebrity.
Japanese: 同様に有名人のスキャンダルを売り物とする『萬朝報』紙と売り上げを二分した。
English: In 1902, he was elected to be a member of the House of Representatives, but he came under suspicion as the spy of the Russian Empire when Russian Spy Incident occurred.
Japanese: 1902年に衆議院議員に当選するが、露探事件でロシア帝国のスパイ疑惑が浮上する。
English: The disciplinary committee reported that although there was no evidence discovered, the suspicion against AKIYAMA as the spy of Russia could not be cleared.
Japanese: 懲罰委員会では証拠はなかったがロシアのスパイである嫌疑がぬぐえないと報告。
English: On March 28, 1904, the penalty regarding this incident was approved by the plenary session members, to recommend AKIYAMA for resignation.
Japanese: 1904年3月28日に衆議院本会議で議員辞職を勧める処決決議（辞職勧告決議）が可決。
English: Hirotake YOSHIOKA (July 8, 1847 - September 12, 1932) was a Japanese diplomat and a Christian (minister of the Presbyterian Church).
Japanese: 吉岡弘毅（よしおかひろたけ、1847年7月8日（弘化4年5月26日(旧暦)）-1932年（昭和7年）9月12日）は日本の外交官・キリスト者（長老派教会牧師）。
English: Yoshioka was born in Fukuwatari-cho (in present day Okayama City), Mimasaka Province as the third son of Yurin YOSHIOKA, a physician (who studied Western medicine in Nagasaki and became a famous obstetrician) and 'Towa.'
Japanese: 吉岡は美作国福渡町（後の岡山市内）の医家・吉岡有隣（長崎で蘭方医学を学び産科医として名を挙げていた）と「とわ」の三男として生まれた。
English: Having studied the Yomei-gaku (neo-Confucianism based on the teachings of Wang Yangming) with the Confucian scholar Sessai MORITA in Kurashiki City, he became an ardent advocator of the 'Sonno Joi' slogan, (Revere the Emperor and Expel the foreigners).
Japanese: 倉敷市の儒学者・森田節斎に陽明学を学んだことから熱烈な尊王攘夷となった。
English: After serving, in Kyoto, Motoosa MIBU, a court noble who advocated Sonno Joi, he joined the Imperial Army in the Boshin and the Hokuetsu War.
Japanese: そして京都市で尊攘派公家・壬生基修に仕えたのち官軍の一員として戊辰戦争に従軍、北越戦争へ参加した。
English: In 1869 he was appointed to the Danjodai (Board of Censors) established in Kyoto by the new government of Japan.
Japanese: 1869年、明治新政府により京都に創設された弾正台（監察機関）に任官した。
English: As can be seen from the fact he had a job at the Danjodai which formed the base of the radical advocates of Sonno Joi within the new government, he still held the nationalistic idea of Joi (expelling the foreigners) at that time.
Japanese: 新政府内部の過激尊攘派の拠点ともいえる弾正台に職を得たことから見て取れるように、この時期の吉岡の思想はいまだ攘夷論志士としてのそれを引きずるものであった。
English: (In fact, Juro KOGA who had insisted on rejecting Christianity together with Yoshioka and who had been also appointed to the Danjodai attempted to subvert the new government and was later sentenced to death with his head exposured on charge of his involvement in the attempted coup d'etat by two nobles called the Nikyo Incident in Joseon).
Japanese: （実際、吉岡とともにキリスト教排撃を主張、同様に弾正台に任官した古賀十郎はのちに新政府転覆をもくろみ、吉岡の朝鮮滞在中に二卿事件への関与により梟首に処せられている）。
English: Appointed as a junior secretary at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1870, Yoshioka was ordered by the government to go to Joseon.
Japanese: 1870年、吉岡は外務権少丞に任じられ、政府より李氏朝鮮派遣の辞令を受けた。
English: Entrusted with a letter (with the sovereign's message) composed by Nobuyoshi SAWA (the Minister of the Foreign Affairs in Japan) and addressed to the Minister of Rites (in Joseon), he left Tokyo for Joseon via Tsushima, together with Shigeru MORI (as a Gaimu-shosakan officer) and Hironobu HIROTSU.
Japanese: 彼は澤宣嘉（外務大臣(日本)）による（朝鮮側）礼曹判書宛の書契（国書）を携えて森山茂（外務少録）・広津弘信らとともに東京を出発、対馬を経由して朝鮮に赴いた。
English: On December 24 of the same year the party arrived at the Wakan (former consulate of the Tsushima clan) in Busan Metropolitan City and began negotiating with the Joseon government.
Japanese: 同年末12月24日（旧暦11月3日）には釜山広域市倭館（旧・対馬藩公館）に到着し朝鮮政府との交渉を開始した。
English: At that time the new government of Japan had no diplomatic relations with Joseon because of the so-called 'Sovereign Message Problem' after 1869.
Japanese: 当時、1869年以降のいわゆる「書契問題」が原因で、新政府が樹立された日本と朝鮮との間には国交が結ばれていなかった。
English: Although still in his early twenties, Yoshioka was the first diplomat of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after the So clan of the Tsushima Fuchu domain to be in charge of Japan's diplomatic relationship with Joseon and to negotiate with Joseon over the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
Japanese: 吉岡は20代前半の若さで対馬府中藩・宗氏から外務省に引き継がれた日朝外交の最初の担当者として国交樹立交渉に臨んだのである。
English: (The expression that had caused a problem between Japan and Joseon (mentioned below) was therefore removed from the sovereign letter by the Foreign Minister Sawa).
Japanese: （したがって沢外務卿の書契では日朝間のトラブルの原因となった表現（後出）が削除されていた）。
English: However it was extremely difficult for Yoshioka to negotiate with Joseon that requested Japan to maintain the former diplomatic relationship through the Tsushima clan under the reign of Heungseon Daewongun who adopted a very nationalistic policy.
Japanese: しかし興宣大院君政権下で極端な攘夷政策をとり、従来どおり対馬藩を通じた外交関係の維持を要求する朝鮮側との交渉は難航を極めた。
English: Furthermore, retainers of the Izuhara (Tsushima) clan directly or indirectly obstructed the negotiations, fearing their long-standing privileges such as the ambassadorship to Joseon and management of the Choryang-dong Wakan would be taken away.
Japanese: また永年の特権であった朝鮮通交事務や草梁倭館の管理業務を取り上げられようとしていた厳原（対馬）藩吏たちも陰に陽に交渉を妨害した。
English: Accordingly, in the Spring of 1871 Yoshioka abolished the Izuhara clan's diplomatic privileges and instead appointed Yoshiakira SO, the former lord (governor of Izuhara Domain) to a high-ranking post (Gaimu-taijo) in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Japanese: このため、翌1871年春になって吉岡らは、厳原藩から外交事務の特権を取り上げた上で旧藩主（厳原藩知事）宗義達を外務省の役職（外務大丞）に任命した。
English: However, this strategy was put on hold, partly because 'Haihan-chiken' (the abolition of the feudal domains and establishment of the prefectures) led to the abolishment of the Izuhara domain (on account of which the domain's ambassador was dismissed and its Joseon-related diplomacy was completely transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs), and partly because the Iwakura Mission was dispatched to further complicate the situation.
Japanese: しかしこの策の実行は廃藩置県による厳原藩廃止（これにより同藩の朝鮮通交事務は罷免され、対朝鮮外交は外務省に完全移管された）や岩倉使節団派遣などによる混乱によって停滞した。
English: What happened was that although the new government appointed So as Gaimu-taijo to have him notify Joseon of the Haihan-chiken (in September 1871), it concluded in January 1872 to cancel his mission.
Japanese: すなわち宗はいったん新政府より外務大丞に任命され廃藩置県通知のための朝鮮派遣を命じられた（1871年9月）ものの、翌1872年1月（旧暦の明治4年12月）には派遣中止と決定された。
English: Moriyama and Hirotsu then went to Busan by steamboat, which the Joseons disapproved, to deliver So's letter.
Japanese: こののち宗の書状を携えた森山・広津らが朝鮮側の忌避する蒸気船で釜山に入港した。
English: Under the worsening situation created by the attacks by American naval forces on Ganghwa Island (the Shinmiyangyo or the US Joseon Expedition), the Joseons hardened their attitude.
Japanese: 同時期の米軍艦による江華島砲撃事件（辛未洋擾）ともあいまってますます朝鮮の態度を硬化させた。
English: While waiting for Moriyama and Hirotsu to return to Busan, Yoshioka was not allowed to go outside the Wakan.
Japanese: 森山・広津が釜山に帰任するまでの間、吉岡は草梁館から外に出ることも許されなかった。
English: He therefore had to urge the retainers of the former Izuhara domain who were older and more experienced than he (and who were therefore uncooperative) to negotiate with Joseon on practical levels.
Japanese: 自分よりも年上で経験豊かな（かつ上記の理由で非協力的な態度を取った）旧厳原藩吏らを督促し実務交渉にあたらせるしかなかった。
English: During his stay in Busan, he recognized Joseon's hardened attitude as 'fear' resulting from the Bunroku-Keicho Wars.
Japanese: とはいえ釜山滞在中、吉岡は朝鮮側の心情がかつての文禄・慶長の役に由来する「恐怖の念」によるものであるのではないかという認識を示している。
English: In short, the delegation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs including Yoshioka entrusted a copy of the letter by the name of the Gaimu-taijo So with officials of the Joseon government in April 1872 and no further progress was made in diplomatic negotiations with Joseon.
Japanese: 結局のところ、吉岡ら外務省使節団による国交交渉は、1872年4月、朝鮮政府の役人に宗外務大丞名義の文書の写しを預けた以上には進展しなかった。
English: In July of the same year Yoshioka ordered the Japanese officials in the Wakan to return to Japan and he also left for Japan without having an official talk with Joseon.
Japanese: 朝鮮側との正式な協議は一度も開かれないまま吉岡は同年7月に草梁館に滞在する日本官吏の引き揚げを命じ、みずからも帰国の途に就いた。
English: On his return from Joseon, he reported to the ministry that although Japan nearly broke off diplomatic relations with Joseon, there would be time when 'the misunderstandings would be resolved to reach a mutual understanding.'
Japanese: そして帰国後、外務省への報告において彼は、今回の交渉失敗と引き揚げによって両国間が絶好に等しい状態になってもいつの日か「解悟氷釈」の時期が来るだろうと述べている。
English: He officially announced that the retainers of the Izuhara domain and merchants should refrain from conducting any violence against the Joseons as they used to do in the past.
Japanese: さらに厳原藩吏や商人が従来のように朝鮮人に対し粗暴な振る舞いをしてはならないと告示した。
English: He appealed to the ministry to recompensate the Joseons for the firewood and food that the Japanese castaways demanded of them.
Japanese: 日本の漂流民が朝鮮人に要求した薪・食糧の代金を外務省が支払うよう上申している。
English: From Autumn 1872 to 1873 his successor, Yoshimoto HANABUSA (Gaimu-taijo) was sent to Joseon with the battleship 'Kasugamaru' to take over the Choryang-dong Wakan.
Japanese: 1872年秋から翌1873年にかけて、後任の花房義質（外務大丞）が軍艦「春日丸」により朝鮮に派遣され草梁倭館を接収。
English: (The text of 'the Instructions' apparently posted during this period immediately triggered the proposal of the Seikanron).
Japanese: （この時掲示されたとされる「伝令書」の文言が征韓論建議の直接のきっかけとなった）。
English: Concerned about the situation, Yoshioka, although a retired official, submitted a petition to the Council of the Left in February 1874.
Japanese: このような情況を憂慮した吉岡は、既に下野した身ながら1874年2月建白書を左院に提出した。
English: Article 6 of the petition discussed 'the re-appointment of Takamori SAIGO and Taneomi SOEJIMA to establish a democratically elected local council in every prefecture.'
Japanese: 第6条は「西郷隆盛副島種臣諸人を再用し且各府県に民撰小議院を建つることを論ず」とある。
English: A vast majority of the people supported the Seikanron or anti-Seikanron to 'prioritize the domestic affairs' (which did not reject the Seikanron itself, but rejected its feasibility as being 'premature.'
Japanese: 「征韓論」、あるいはそうでなければ「内地優先論」的非征韓論（すなわち征韓そのものを否定するのではなく、「時期尚早」であるがゆえに反対するもの）が大多数を占めていた。
English: In such a situation at the time, Yoshioka's petition was exceptional and noteworthy as it argued 'the disapproval of the Seikanron' on principal and moral grounds.
Japanese: このような当時の状況において、建白書には例外的な、原則的・道義的な「征韓不可」の主張が現れており、注目される。
English: In the petition he stated that as rumour had it, Joseon did not in fact 'tear up Japan's sovereign's message' (some passages omitted) and give us 'an arrogant and impolite answer,' although he criticized the dishonest Joseons who avoided meeting the Japanese delegation by making excuses such as feigning illness.
Japanese: すなわちここで吉岡は、一方ではしばしば仮病など遁辞を弄して会見を避ける朝鮮側の不誠実な態度を非難しながらも、世間で噂されるように彼らが「我国書ヲ裂キ（中略）驕慢無礼ノ答書」を突きつけたなどと言う事実はなかったと述べている。
English: He also mentioned that Joseon was reluctant to establish diplomatic relations with Japan, partly because Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI invaded Joseon twice during the Bunroku and the Keicho eras, and partly because the Tsushima clan intimidated Joseon into giving them rice and grain.
Japanese: さらに朝鮮側が日本との国交樹立に消極的である原因について、過去の豊臣秀吉の文禄・慶長の役の経緯や、かつて対馬藩が朝鮮側を恐喝し米穀をせしめていたことなどを挙げた。
English: Joseon became 'suspicious of and frightened with' 'Japan's attempt to conquer the country through the use of the false name of the emperor' when she saw the letters of the 'emperor' and 'edict' in the sovereign's message sent by the new government of Japan.
Japanese: 新政府が書契に「皇」「勅」の字を用いたことで、日本が「虚名ヲ以テ、我ヲ属国ノ体ニ陥レ」るのではないかという、朝鮮側のあらぬ「疑懼」を招くこととなった。
English: He said that if it is right to conquer Joseon was only because the diplomatic relationship cannot be renewed, we could not blame the Westerners who would have invaded Japan for her isolationist policy.
Japanese: そして彼は、国交が更新できないことを理由に征韓をおこなうことが正しいならば、鎖国時代の日本をもし西洋人が侵攻していたとしても我々はそれを非難することはできないと述べた。
English: He thereby criticized the dogmatic Seikanron by saying, 'Do not do to the others what you do not want.'
Japanese: 「己ガ欲セザル所、コレヲ人ニ施スコト勿レ」と独善的な征韓論を批判しているのである。
English: He also supported Takamori SAIGO and Taneomi SOEJIMA who had to resign because they insisted on the Seikanron, for he respected, as a matter of principle, 'different arguments and opinions.'
Japanese: と同時に、征韓を主張したことで下野した西郷隆盛・副島種臣ら元参議に対しても「異議異見」を重んじる立場をとった。
English: In 1875, the year following the submission of the petition just mentioned, Yoshioka converted to Christianity, baptized by D. Tamson of Presbyterian Church, part of Protestantism.
Japanese: 上述の建白書を提出した翌年の1875年、吉岡はプロテスタントの一派である長老派教会のD・タムスンから受洗しキリスト教に改宗。
English: In September 1878 he participated in the establishment of United Christ in Japan, Hongo (Presbyterianism) and was elected to the office of elders.
Japanese: ついで1878年9月、本郷日本基督一致教会（長老派）の創立に参加して長老に選出された。
English: During this period he expressed a negative opinion about missionary work in Joseon at a meeting of the Board of Commissions for Foreign Missions in October 1879.
Japanese: この時期の彼の言論としては、1879年10月、海外伝道委員会で朝鮮布教に消極的意見を述べている。
English: He described "Jiji shogen" (Commentary on the Current Problems) by Yukichi FUKUZAWA as a conspirator who would turn the Empire of Japan into a country of thieves.'
Japanese: 福澤諭吉の著書『時事小言』を「我日本帝国をして強盗国に変ぜしめんと謀る者」であるとした。
English: He famously criticized it for 'vainly hating our neighbouring countries, making every nation hate us, thereby irrevocably damaging our future.'
Japanese: 「いたずらに怨を四隣に結び、憎を万国に受け、不可救（すくうべからざる）の災禍を将来に遺さんこと必なり」と批判していることが知られている。
English: He worked as a minister in Osaka, Kochi, and Kyoto, spending the rest of his life as a Christian.
Japanese: また大阪・高知・京都など牧師として各地を転々して、キリスト者としての後半生を過ごした。
English: May 12, 1870: he was appointed as a soninkan officer at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Japanese: 1870年5月12日（明治3年4月12日）：外務省奏任官として任用。
English: October 12, 1870: he was ordered to go to Joseon.
Japanese: 1870年10月12日（明治3年9月18日）：朝鮮国派遣の辞令を受ける。
English: September 1878: he took part in the establishment of United Christ of Japan, Hongo (Presbyterianism) and was elected as an elder.
Japanese: 1878年9月：本郷日本基督一致教会（長老派）の創立に参加、長老に選出。
English: In March 1870 he accompanied the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' mission (to have preliminary negotiations with Korea to establish diplomatic relations between the two countries) including Hakubo SADA.
Japanese: 1870年3月、佐田白茅らの外務省調査団（国交樹立のための予備交渉）に同行した。
English: In April 1871, however, he had to return to Japan as the mission made little headway in negotiating with Korea.
Japanese: しかし交渉は難航したため、翌1871年4月（旧暦2月）にはいったん帰国した。
English: He put forward the strategy of appointing Yoshiakira SO, the feudal lord of the former Tsushima Fuchu domain as Gaimu-taijo to let him negotiate with Korea.
Japanese: 旧対馬府中藩・宗義達を外務大丞に任命し朝鮮との交渉にあたらせる策を建言した。
English: Entrusted with a letter by the name of the Gaimu-taijo So, he and Moriyama arrived at Busan Metropolitan City by steamboat in February 1872.
Japanese: 1872年2月には森山とともに宗外務大丞の書契を持ち蒸気船で再び釜山広域市に入港。
English: Coupled with the attacks by the U. S. naval forces on Ganghwa Island (the Shinmiyangyo or the U. S. Korean Expedition), it hardened Korea's attitude.
Japanese: 同年のアメリカ軍艦による江華島砲撃事件（辛未洋擾）ともあいまって朝鮮側は態度を硬化した。
English: Later, in 1873, Mitsui-zaibatsu's secret trade with Korea to which the Japanese government gave its silent consent was discovered.
Japanese: その後、日本政府黙認のもとでおこなわれていた三井財閥による日朝間の密貿易が1873年発覚した。
English: Hirotsu notified the government of the Korea's 'Instructions' which was reportedly posted at the time.
Japanese: 広津は、この際掲示されたと伝えられる朝鮮側「伝令書」掲示を日本政府に報告した。
English: The text of his notification (which appeared to be inaccurate and was not without exaggeration) immediately triggered the proposal of the Seikanron (subjugation of Korea) debate within the government.
Japanese: このさいの文言（広津の報告は誇張を含んでおり正確な内容ではなかったらしい）が日本政府内の征韓論建議の直接のきっかけとなった。
English: MINAMOTO no Yoritoo was a busho (Japanese military commander) who lived during the mid Heian period (April 18, 1007-1062).
Japanese: 源頼遠（みなもとのよりとお、寛弘4年3月28日(旧暦)（1007年4月18日）-康平5年（1062年））は、平安時代中期の武将。
English: As Yoritoo had not participated in the battle against Kofuku-ji Temple which led to his father's deportation to Tosa Province, he was not punished.
Japanese: 父頼親の土佐国配流の原因となった興福寺との合戦に加わらなかったため、処分を受けることはなかった。
English: In 1051 when Yoriyoshi ABE raised a rebellion army (the Zenkunen War [the Early Nine Years' War]), Yoritoo went to Mutsu Province under the command of MINAMOTO no Yoriyoshi and fought against the rebellion army.
Japanese: 永承6年（1051年）、安倍頼良が乱を起こすと（前九年の役）、源頼義に従い陸奥国に赴いて戦う。
English: In 1062 he was killed in the battle to attack Kuriyagawa no saku, which was the foothold of the Abe clan (Oshu [Mutsu Province]).
Japanese: 康平5年（1062年）、安倍氏(奥州)の重要な拠点である厨川柵の攻略の際に戦死。
English: Seigetsu INOUE (c. 1822 - March 10, 1887) was a haiku poet during the end of the Edo period and the early Meiji period.
Japanese: 井上井月（いのうえせいげつ、文政5年（1822年）？-明治20年2月16日(旧暦)（1887年3月10日））は、日本の江戸時代末期から明治時代初期の俳人。
English: He was active mainly in the southern part of the Shinshu region and continued to make haiku whose subjects were wandering and roaming.
Japanese: 信州南信地方を中心に活動し、放浪と漂泊を主題とした俳句を詠み続けた。
English: His work influenced other later poets and novelists such as Ryunosuke AKUTAGAWA, Santoka TANEDA and Yoshiharu TSUGE.
Japanese: その作品は、後世の芥川龍之介や種田山頭火をはじめ、つげ義春などに影響を与えた。
English: It is estimated he was born in 1822 in the Echigo-Nagaoka Domain, Echigo Province.
Japanese: 井月は文政5年（1822年）､越後の越後長岡藩生まれと推測されている。
English: It remains unknown what he was doing from his boyhood to his mid-thirties, but rumor has it that he once went to Edo in 1839.
Japanese: 井月の少年期から30代半ばまでの行状は全く不明であるが、巷説によると天保10年（1839年）には一旦江戸に出ているという。
English: His haiku 'Kawakumamonaku akikurenu tsuyunosode' (In fall, darkness comes quickly after sunset, so, the laundry does not dry completely)' appeared in a memorial collection tribute to Mokuga YOSHIMURA's mother published in 1852 in Nagano.
Japanese: 嘉永5年（1852年）に長野にて版行された、吉村木鵞の母の追悼集に、井月の発句「乾く間もなく秋暮れぬ露の袖」が見える。
English: Also, in 1853, his haiku 'Inazumaya aminikotaeshi sakananokage' (Lightening flashed on a net in which fish was caught) appeared in "Kisewata," a haiku collection compiled by Mokuga YOSHIMURA and published in Nagano.
Japanese: また、翌年、同じく長野で開板された吉村木鵞編纂の句集『きせ綿』に、「稲妻や網にこたへし魚の影」の句が採られている。
English: Around 1858, he visited the southern part of Nagano Prefecture in his late thirties.
Japanese: 安政5年（1858年）ごろ、30代後半の壮年であった井月は南信地方を訪れる。
English: In that place where 'some local people had a love of learning and embraced an elegant and sophisticated atmosphere', people in the upper class in Inadani welcomed Seigetsu as a haiku instructor.
Japanese: 元来、「多少好学の風があり、風流風雅を嗜む傾き」のある土地であったため、俳諧の師匠として井月は伊那谷の人士に歓迎された。
English: In this way, he taught these people how to write haiku, held some meetings where people made a series of haiku together, and composed poems or passages.
Japanese: こうして井月は伊那谷の趣味人たちに発句の手ほどきをしたり、連句の席を持ったり、詩文を揮毫すた。
English: In turn, he received sake (Japanese alcohol), meals, accommodation and some money, and with this treatment, he was able to wander around the whole area of the southern part of the Shinshu region.
Japanese: そして、その見返りとして、酒食や宿、いくばくかの金銭などの接待を受けつつ、南信州一帯を放浪した。
English: Therefore, Inadani was an attractive place for Seigetsu, who had little money and no savings and was entertained with sake for free, because local residents in Inadani were so easygoing and carefree that 'they offered sake to anybody.'
Japanese: そのため、「人の顔さえ見れば酒を勧める」、悠長な土地柄であった伊那谷は、ほとんど金銭を持たず、蓄えも無かった井月にとって、いつでも酒の相伴にあずかることの出来る、魅力的な土地であった。
English: He became lousy, easily drank himself into a stupor and wet his bed, so, local women and children hated him and kept him away, calling him 'a beggar Seigetsu.'
Japanese: 体中シラミだらけで、直ぐに泥酔しては寝小便をたれたという井月を、土地の女性や子供たちは「乞食井月」と呼んで忌避した。
English: However, wealthy men who liked to write haiku gave favorable treatment to him and some of them had Seigetsu as their teacher.
Japanese: しかし、俳句を趣味とする富裕層の男性たちが井月を優遇し、中には弟子として師事するものもいた。
English: In May, 1863, he met the then chief retainer of the Takato Domain, Kikuso OKAMURA and asked him to write a foreword to a collection of haiku, "Echigo shishi."
Japanese: 文久3年（1863年）5月、高遠藩の当時の家老・岡村菊叟と面会し、句集『越後獅子』の序文を乞う。
English: "Echigo shishi"was a collection of hokku that Seigetsu selected from various haiku made by haiku poets across from Japan such as Kyoto, Edo and Osaka, and compiled them and then, Kikuso gave it a title.
Japanese: 『越後獅子』は井月が京都、江戸、大阪をはじめ、各国の俳人の発句を集めた句集であり、書名は菊叟の命名による。
English: This foreword was the first record which showed that Seigetsu said he was from Nagaoka.
Japanese: また、この序文は、井月が長岡出身と自称していたことを記した最初の記録となる。
English: In 1864, he visited Baito of Hosho-in of Zenko-ji Temple, stayed there for around 100 days and compiled "Ietsuto shu."
Japanese: 元治元年（1864年）、善光寺宝勝院の梅塘をたずね、100日間ほど滞在し、『家つと集』を編集する。
English: In 1869, he wrote honogaku (votive tablet) with a brush for Hie-jinja Shrine in Tomigata-mura (present-day Ina City).
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）、富県村（現伊那市）の日枝神社の奉納額を揮毫。
English: In September, 1872, 'Yanaginoya soubetsu shoga tenrankai' (Yanaginoya farewell calligraphy and paintings exhibition) was held in Ina-mura and 113 people came to see it.
Japanese: 明治5年（1872年）9月、伊那村にて「柳廼舎送別書画展覧会」が開催され、出席者は113名を数えた。
English: In 1874, he collaborated with Gyokusai HASHIZUME coming from Misuzu-mura (present-day Ina City) on haiku and paintings.
Japanese: 明治7年（1874年）、美篶村（現伊那市）の橋爪玉斎と句画を合作している。