nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: According to "Hagakure" (the record of the Nabeshima domain), Naoshige, who was watching everything, was consumed with the desire 'to marry such a quick-witted woman.'
Japanese: 「葉隠」によれば、この一部始終を眺めていた直茂は、「あのような機転の利く女房を妻にしたい」と思い込んだ。
English: Thereafter, he began visiting the Ishii family frequently, asked her to marry him, and finally she did.
Japanese: その後、しばしば石井家を訪れては求婚し、二人は結ばれることになったと伝えている。
English: Thus, she became the legal wife of Naoshige NABESHIMA and supported her husband, who was active as the strategist of the Ryuzoji clan behind the scenes.
Japanese: その後、鍋島直茂の正室となり、龍造寺氏の軍師として活躍する夫を陰で支えた。
English: She had four children with Naoshige: the eldest daughter Chizuru (the wife of Yasutoshi TAKU, a chief retainer of the Saga domain), the second daughter Hikogiku (the wife of Naotaka ISAHAYA, a chief retainer of the Saga domain), the eldest son Katsushige NABESHIMA (the first lord of the Saga domain) and the second son Tadashige NABESHIMA (the first lord of the Kashima domain).
Japanese: 直茂の間には、長女千鶴（佐賀藩家老多久安順室）、次女彦菊（佐賀藩家老諫早直孝室）、長男鍋島勝茂（佐賀藩初代藩主）、次男鍋島忠茂（鹿島藩初代藩主）を儲けた。
English: According to "Hagakure," she was happy with Naoshige throughout her life, and after Naoshige retired, she spent her last days in peace and quiet together with him.
Japanese: 「葉隠」によると、夫直茂との仲は終世よく、隠居した直茂とともに穏やかな老後の生活を送っている様子もみられる。
English: Yotaiin died at 89 years of age, satisfied herself that the Nabeshima clan become the lord of the Saga domain both in name and reality.
Japanese: 陽泰院は鍋島氏が名実ともに佐賀藩主となったことを見届けて、89歳の長寿を全うした。
English: Her grave was constructed next to that of Naoshige at Koden-ji Temple, the ancestral temple of the Nabeshima clan.
Japanese: 墓所は鍋島氏の菩提寺高伝寺に造営され、直茂の墓石に寄り添うように建てられた。
English: Her gravestone was the stone that Naoshige had used as a pillow for one night during the battle in Korea and brought back to Japan.
Japanese: 墓石はかつて夫直茂が朝鮮に出陣した折、陣中で一夜の枕とした石を持ち帰っていたものが用いられた。
English: Akitake TOKUGAWA was the sixth family head of the Shimizu Tokugawa family and later became the last (the 11th) lord of the Mito domain.
Japanese: 徳川昭武（とくがわあきたけ）は、清水徳川家第6代当主、のち水戸藩最後（第11代）の藩主。
English: He was the 18th son of Nariaki TOKUGAWA, the ninth lord of domain and younger paternal half-brother of Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, the 15th seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians").
Japanese: 第9代藩主徳川斉昭の18男、第15代征夷大将軍徳川慶喜の異母弟にあたる。
English: He had been raised in Mito since six months after his birth, but he re-entered Edo due to the bakufu's disturbance in 1863.
Japanese: その半年後から水戸にて養育されるが、幕末の動乱のため、文久3年（1863年）には再度江戸入り。
English: He stayed in the residence in Choja-machi at first, but he stayed in Choraku-ji Temple in Higashi Otani and Honkoku-ji Temple after Kinmon Incident (this was why feudal retainers of the Mito Domain staying in Kyoto were called Honkoku-ji Temple force).
Japanese: 当初は長者町の藩邸に滞在するが、禁門の変の後は東大谷長楽寺、本圀寺に滞在する（これにより滞京中の水戸藩士は本圀寺勢と称される）。
English: He was extremely busy supporting activities for the bakufu during the stay in Kyoto and participated in disturbances in the end of Edo period, such as Kinmon Incident and Tengu Party's Disturbance, as a leader of the army although he was still young at the time.
Japanese: 滞京中の佐幕活動は多忙を極め、禁門の変や天狗党の動乱に際しては一軍の将として出陣するなど、幼年ながらも幕末の動乱に参加している。
English: At the same time, he was dispatched to Europe as the representative of the Shogun Yoshinobu to attend Paris Exposition (1867).
Japanese: 同時にパリ万国博覧会(1867年)に将軍慶喜の名代としてヨーロッパ派遣を命じられる。
English: After Paris Exposition, he visited Switzerland, Belgium, Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Italy as the representative of the bakufu.
Japanese: 万博終了後に引き続き、幕府代表としてスイス、ベルギー、オランダ、イギリス、イタリアなど欧州各国を歴訪。
English: In 1869, he resigned Chihanji (Minbu taifu) of the Mito domain due to Hanseki-hokan (return of lands and people to the emperor).
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）、版籍奉還により水戸藩知藩事（民部大輔を辞官）。
English: Akitake applied to have the divided lands of Hokkaido and was ordered to dominate five counties in total, such as Tomakomae County, Teshio County, Kamikawa County, and Nakagawa County out of Teshio Province, Hokkaido, and Rishiri County out of Kitami Province on September 22, 1869.
Japanese: 昭武は北海道の土地割渡しを出願し、明治2年（1869年）8月17日北海道天塩国のうち苫前郡、天塩郡、上川郡(天塩国)、中川郡(天塩国)と、北見国のうち利尻郡の計5郡の支配を命じられた。
English: He was appointed to the governor of domain due to Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) on August 29, 1871 and lived in the residence of Koume (former residence of Mito domain) in Mukojima, Tokyo Prefecture.
Japanese: 明治4年（1871年）7月14日の廃藩置県により藩知事を免ぜられ、東京府向島の小梅邸（旧水戸藩下屋敷）に暮らす。
English: In 1876, he became Goyogakari (a general affairs official of the Imperial Household) for Philadelphia Exposition held in Philadelphia, USA.
Japanese: 明治9年（1876年）にアメリカ合衆国のフィラデルフィアで開催されるフィラデルフィア万国博覧会の御用掛となり訪米。
English: He ceded the family head position to his nephew Atsuyoshi in 1883 and retired to live in the Tojo residence (in Matsudo City) next year.
Japanese: 明治16年（1883年）、甥篤敬に家督を譲り、翌年には戸定邸（松戸市）にて隠居した。
English: In 1892, his second son Takesada was appointed to viscount and founded the Matsudo Tokugawa family.
Japanese: 明治25年（1892年）、次男武定が子爵に叙されて松戸徳川家を創設している。
English: He had and deepened relationship with leaders from various countries at the exposition, which is considered to have been the beginning of the relationship between modern Japan and the powerful countries in Europe.
Japanese: 万国博覧会では諸国首脳と交流を深めたが、近世日本と欧州各国列強との交流の始まりと認められる。
English: After the retirement, he frequently traveled to Yoshinobu in Shizuoka City and deepened the relationship through taking photos and going hunting together.
Japanese: 隠居後は静岡市の慶喜との往来も盛んで、一緒に写真撮影や狩猟に出かけるなど交流を深めた。
English: Katsunari MIZUNO (September 30, 1564 - May 4, 1651) was a military commander in the Period of Warring States and a territorial lord during the early Edo period.
Japanese: 水野勝成（みずのかつなり、永禄7年8月15日(旧暦)（1564年9月30日）-慶安4年3月15日(旧暦)（1651年5月4日））は戦国時代(日本)の武将、江戸時代初期の大名。
English: He was a cousin of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, as Odai no kata, the real mother of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, was an elder sister of Tadashige.
Japanese: 徳川家康の生母於大の方は忠重の姉であることから、家康の従弟にあたる。
English: He had the first son Katsutoshi MIZUNO, the second son Narikoto MIZUNO, the third son Narisada MIZUNO, the fourth son Katsunori MIZUNO, and the fifth son Katsutada MIZUNO.
Japanese: 子に水野勝俊（長男）、水野成言（次男）、水野成貞（三男）、水野勝則（四男）、水野勝忠（五男）。
English: His first battle was the attack on the Takatenjin-jo Castle in the Totomi Province, and after that, he followed Ieyasu and fought many battles such as those with the Takeda clan and the Tenshojingo no ran (Tenshojingo Rebellion).
Japanese: 初陣は遠江国高天神城攻めで、以後家康に従って武田氏との戦いや天正壬午の乱を転戦する。
English: Although his fiery temperament allowed him to achieve remarkable feats on the battlefield, he ran away because he was criticized for his violation of military command such as his carrying out Ichiban-yari (a person who instigates the war) in the battle of Komaki-Nagakute even if he was a general of an army as well as the murder of his vessel who reported his misconducts to Tadashige, and he received a hokokamae (virtual prohibition of working for other families, as a punishment) by his father.
Japanese: 気性が激しいだけに戦場での働きはめざましかったが、小牧・長久手の戦いの際に一軍の大将でもあるにも関わらず自ら一番槍を挙げるなどの軍令違反を咎められたことや、さらに自らの不行状を忠重に報告した家臣を斬ったことで出奔し、父によって奉公構え（事実上の他家への仕官禁止）となる。
English: Therefore, he wandered about the Chugoku region and the Kyushu region serving and being entrusted with important job by Yukinaga KONISHI, Kiyomasa KATO, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Narimasa SASSA, and Chikanari MIMURA; however, he did not last long in any of his positions due to his fiery temperament in addition to an interruption from the Mizuno family by the above hokokamae.
Japanese: そのため、主に中国地方や九州を放浪し小西行長、加藤清正、豊臣秀吉や佐々成政、三村親成らに仕えて重用されるが、前述の奉公構えによる水野家からの横槍に加えて気性の激しさなども手伝っていずれも長続きしなかった。
English: But given the fact that his activities were very unnatural as a legitimate child of the dominant feudal lord on the Tokugawa side even though he was disowned by his father and he entered into Fukuyama later, there is speculation that he played a role in spying on daimyos on theToyotomi side in Western Japan.
Japanese: しかし、勘当されたとはいえ徳川方有力大名の嫡子としては非常に不自然な行動をしている事や、その後の福山への入封などから、西国の豊臣方大名の動向を探るための家康の密偵的な役割もあったのではないかとの推測もある。
English: He abruptly took over as the head of the family because his father Tadashige was killed by Shigemochi KAGANOI in 1600.
Japanese: 慶長5年(1600年)に忠重が加賀井重望に殺されたため、急遽家督を継いだ。
English: At the Battle of Sekigahara, he joined the Battle of Gifu-jo Castle, the Sone defensive war, and the Battle of Ogaki-jo Castle, and was given Kariya City that was worth 30,000 koku (approximately 1.8 million liters of crop yield) in addition to his territory.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いでは岐阜城攻め、曾根防衛、大垣城攻めに加わり、刈谷市3万石を安堵された。
English: As Hyuga no kami was the title used by Mitsuhide AKECHI, everybody avoided it's use, but Katsunari simply laughed such concerns off, and in fact, wanted to have the name Hyuga no kami.
Japanese: 日向守は明智光秀が名乗っていたため、誰もが忌避していた官職であるが、勝成は気にすることなく笑い飛ばし、逆に日向守を欲したという。
English: He also joined the Siege of Osaka, and especially in the Summer Siege of Osaka, he was appointed as leader of the spearhead army in the Yamato Province area, and fought actively in the battle of the Domyo-ji Temple and shared the honor of being first to charge the Osaka-jo Castle with the Echizen army.
Japanese: 大坂の役にも参加し、特に夏の陣では大和国口の先鋒の将に指名され、道明寺の戦いなどで活躍し、大坂城一番乗りの功を越前勢と分け合う。
English: Though he received credit for his meritorious services in this battle, he was treated coldly by Ieyasu because he himself, the commander, again achieved Ichiban-yari, and was transferred with additional properties to Yamatokoriyama City (the Koriyama Domain of 60,000 koku) where the Koriyama-jo Castle (Yamato Province) was burned down during the battle.
Japanese: この功を認められるが、またしても大将の勝成自身が一番槍を成し遂げたため、家康に冷遇されてしまい、この戦いで郡山城(大和国)を焼き払われた大和郡山市に加増の上に転封される(郡山藩6万石)。
English: In 1619, he was given the Bingofukuyama Domain which was worth 100,000 koku in the southwest area of Bicchu Province and the south of Bingo Province, but instead of the Kannabe-jo Castle where he first entered, he built a new castle (Fukuyama-jo Castle (Bingo Province)) and a castle town (Fukuyama (castle town)) in present-day Fukuyama City near the Seto Inland Sea as a foothold for the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in western Japan by order of the bakufu.
Japanese: 元和(日本)5年(1619年)、備中国西南部と備後国南部で備後福山藩10万石を与えられたが、当初入った神辺城に代えて幕命により西日本の幕府側拠点として瀬戸内海に近い今日の福山市に新たな城（福山城(備後国)）と城下町（福山(城下町)）を築いた。
English: After entering the Fukuyama Domain, Katsunari hired the highly-respected and resourceful Chikanari MIMURA who was his benefactor during his wandering years as a position of chief retainers by giving him a high salary to carry out domain duties, and he engaged actively in castle town construction, promotion of industrial development, embankment works, and development of new rice fields, and laid the foundation for the present-day Fukuyama City area which was mostly a wetland before.
Japanese: 福山入封後は放浪時代の恩人で知謀の名高い三村親成を高禄で家老職に迎え藩政に力を注ぎ、城下町の建設、産業育成、治水工事や新田開発を積極的に行い、それまでは概ね湿地帯であった現在の福山市域の発展の礎を築いた。
English: The new rice field development showed an additional Kokudaka of about 50,000 koku in the land survey after the domain was confiscated following the death of Katsumine MIZUNO, the fifth lord of the domain.
Japanese: 特に新田開発は後の五代藩主の水野勝岑死去に伴う改易の際の検地では約5万石分の新たな石高を有していた。
English: He followed the procession to the capital of the third Tokugawa Shogun Iemitsu, and was promoted to Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade in 1626 and was given an additional 1,000 koku of Atsugi-mura Village, Aiko-gun, Sagami Province (present-day Atsugi City, Kanagawa Prefecture).
Japanese: 寛永3年（1626年）には三代将軍徳川家光の上洛に従い従四位下に昇進し、相模国愛甲郡厚木村（現在の神奈川県厚木市）の1000石を加増される。
English: When he was requested to suppress the Shimabara War from the Tokugawa shogunate in 1638, Katsunari joined the shogunate army with Katsutoshi (his first legitimate son) and Katsusada (his grandchild) leading about 6,000 warriors from his clan.
Japanese: 寛永15年（1638年）、幕府から島原の乱鎮圧への参加を要請された勝成は嫡子勝俊、孫の勝貞を伴い藩兵約6000人を率いて幕府軍に加わった。
English: He was the only feudal lord who joined the war other than the feudal lords from Kyushu except for envoys from the shogunate government, and this was due to his wartime career which was well received despite his age (seventy-five years old at that time).
Japanese: これは幕府上使を除き九州の大名以外で唯一の参陣であり、老齢（当時75歳）にもかかわらず勝成の戦歴を評価されてのことであった。
English: During the all-out assault, samurais of the Fukuyama clan achieved many distinguished feats, meeting the shogunate government's expectations, which still costed more than 100 samurai lives in the battle.
Japanese: 総攻撃の際には、福山藩兵は幕府の期待に応え数々の戦功を挙げるが、同時に100人を超える戦死者を出すことにもなった。
English: He yielded the family estate to his heir and son Katsutoshi MIZUNO and retired in 1639, but continued to invest his retirement stipend of 10,000 koku in Fukuyama-jo castle town.
Japanese: 寛永16年（1639年）に家督を嫡子水野勝俊に譲り隠居するが、隠居料の1万石をもって更なる福山城下町への投資を続けた。
English: He died in Fukuyama-jo Castle in 1651, and was buried in his family temple Kenchu-ji Temple, Soto Zen sect, near the Fukuyama-jo Castle.
Japanese: 慶安4年に福山城内において死去し、福山城下の菩提寺、曹洞宗賢忠寺に葬られる。
English: (posthumous Buddist name in the Soto Zen sect) or 大機院前下大夫日州太守一分斎宗休大居士 (posthumous Buddist name in the Rinzai sect).
Japanese: (曹洞宗の法名)または、大機院前下大夫日州太守一分斎宗休大居士（臨済宗の法名）
English: He was also worshipped as Sobin myojin (a gracious deity of perspicacity) according to Shinto religious honors; there are the Sobin-jinja Shrine in the precincts of the Fukuyama Hachiman-gu Shrine to the north of the Fukuyama-jo Castle and Sobin-sha Shrine at the side of the site of Yuki-jo Castle in Ibaraki Prefecture.
Japanese: また、神道の礼で聡敏明神として祀られ、福山城北にある福山八幡宮の境内に聡敏神社があるほか、茨城県の結城城址脇に聡敏社がある。
English: Today, his bronze statue stands at the outer citadel on the east side of the Fukuyama-jo Castle and he is still revered by citizens of Fukuyama as the founder of Fukuyama town.
Japanese: 現在、福山城の東側の二の丸に銅像が建立され、福山の街の開祖として現在もなお福山市民に崇められている。
English: Jurozaemon MIZUNO who was a direct vassal of the shogun and known for his eccentric behaviors and outlandish style was Katsunari's grandson.
Japanese: 「傾奇者」として知られた旗本の水野十郎左衛門（十郎左衛門）は勝成の孫である。
English: Seijo-in, an adopted daughter of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and the lawful wife of Kiyomasa KATO, was Katsunari's father Tadashige's daughter, that is, a younger sister of Katsunari.
Japanese: 加藤清正の正室、徳川家康養女清浄院は、実は勝成の父忠重の女、即ち勝成の妹である。
English: When Kato clan was forfeited, Katsunari and Katsutoshi acted as a shogunate government witness of forfeit of the Kumamoto-jo Castle, and at that time they took Seijo-in to Fukuyama.
Japanese: 加藤家断絶の時に勝成・勝俊は熊本城受け取りの役目を勤め、この時に清浄院を福山に引き取った。
English: He also maintained a deep friendship with Musashi MIYAMOTO, who guarded Katsunari's legitimate son Katsushige (also known as Katsutoshi) as a guest military commander of Katsunari's army in the Osaka Natsu no Jin.
Japanese: 宮本武蔵との深い交友もあり、武蔵は大坂夏の陣では勝成の軍勢の客将として嫡男勝重（勝俊）を守護した。
English: Musashi's first adopted son Mikinosuke MIYAMOTO was the third son of Shimanosuke NAKAGAWA, a warrior magistrate of the Mizuno army, adopted by Musashi with his younger brother Kurotaro after the Summer Siege of Osaka Castle.
Japanese: 武蔵の最初の養子宮本三木之助は水野軍武者奉行中川志摩之助の3男で、大坂陣後に4男九郎太郎と共に武蔵が養子に貰い受けたものである。
English: A garden stone, on which Musashi sat during his visit to the residence of the chief retainer Shogen NAKAYAMA when he visited Fukuyama, was preserved even after the owner of the residence changed to the chief retainer of the Abe family, and later transferred to the precincts of Bingogokoku-jinja Shrine where it remains today.
Japanese: 後に武蔵が福山を訪れた際に家老中山将監の屋敷に立ち寄り腰掛けたという庭石が、水野家の後の阿部家家老屋敷となっても伝えられ、今は備後護国神社境内に移されて現存している。
English: Yodo YAMAUCHI (or Toyoshige YAMAUCHI, November 27, 1827 - July 26, 1872) was a Japanese samurai, non-Tokugawa daimyo (feudal lord) and the 15th lord of the Tosa domain (for the period of January 21, 1849 - February 1859).
Japanese: 山内容堂/豊信（やまうちようどう/とよしげ、文政10年10月9日(旧暦)（1827年11月27日）-明治5年6月21日(旧暦)（1872年7月26日）は、日本の武士・外様大名・土佐藩15代藩主（在任期間：嘉永元年12月27日(旧暦)（1849年1月21日）-安政6年（1859年）2月）。
English: His official court rank was Jushiinoge Tosa no kami (Junior Forth Rank, Lower Grade of the governor of Tosa Province) jiju (a chamberlain), and later advanced to Junii Gon Chunagon (Junior Second Rank provisional vice-councilor of state).
Japanese: 官位は、従四位下・土佐守・侍従、のちに従二位・権中納言まで昇進している。
English: He was the eldest son of Toyoakira YAMAUCHI (the 12th lord of the domain, and the younger brother of Toyosuke YAMAUCHI), the family head of the Southern house of the Yamauchi clan, which consist of the brothers and sisters of nobles of the Tosa Domain.
Japanese: 土佐藩連枝の山内南家当主・山内豊著（12代藩主・山内豊資の弟）の長男。
English: His children were Toyotada YAMAUCHI (the eldest son), and two daughters (Imperial Princess Kitashirakawanomiya Yoshihisa and Imperial Princess Komatsunomiya Yorihito, who later became the second wife of Okitomo AKIMOTO).
Japanese: 子は山内豊尹（長男）、娘（北白川宮能久親王妃）、娘（小松宮依仁親王妃のち秋元興朝継室）。
English: His attitude to try to move with the times at the end of Edo Period was criticized by the supporters of the nobles and jested that he was 'pro-Imperial when drunken but pro-shognate when sober.'
Japanese: 幕末の時流に上手く乗ろうとした態度は、当時の志士達から、「酔えば勤皇、覚めれば佐幕」と揶揄された。
English: Although the sons of the lord of the domain were usually born and raised in the Edo residence, since he was born in a branch family, Toyoshige was born and raised in the castle town of the Kochi-jo Castle.
Japanese: 通常、藩主の子は江戸屋敷で生まれ育つが、豊信は分家の出であったため高知城下で生まれ育った。
English: The 13th lord of the domain Toyoteru YAMAUCHI and his younger brother the 14th lord of the domain Toyoatsu YAMAUCHI died in succession.
Japanese: 13代藩主・山内豊熈、その弟で14代藩主・山内豊惇が相次いで急死した。
English: Toyoatsu died in only 12 days after assuming the position as the lord of the domain, bringing the Yamauchi clan to the verge of extinction.
Japanese: 豊惇は藩主在職僅か12日という短さでの急死で山内家は断絶の危機に瀕した。
English: Although Toyoatsu had a younger brother (Toyonori YAMAUCHI, who later became the 16th lord of the domain), he was only 3 years old; therefore, Toyoshige, who was 22 and from a branch family, became a candidate for the position of lord.
Japanese: 豊惇には実弟（後の16代藩主・山内豊範）がいたがわずか3歳であったため、分家で当時22歳の豊信が候補となった。
English: He pressured Masahiro ABE, who was the Roju shuza (the head of Roju, senior councilors of the Tokugawa shogunate), with support by the Satsuma domain, which was the family home of Toyoteru's wife Chikyoin (Kohime).
Japanese: 豊熈の妻・智鏡院（候姫）の実家に当たる薩摩藩などの後ろ盾により老中首座であった阿部正弘に働きかけた。
English: They set up a situation whereby Toyoatsu retired due to illness, and on January 21, 1849, Toyoshige assumed the position as lord of the domain.
Japanese: 豊惇は病気のため隠居したという形をとり、嘉永元年12月27日、豊信が藩主に就任した。
English: After assuming the position of lord of the domain, Toyoshige hated the administration that was centered around lineage and old retainers, and used Toyo YOSHIDA, who was the leading figure of the 'Shin Okozegumi' (the group of reformists).
Japanese: 藩主の座に就いた豊信は門閥・旧臣による藩政を嫌い、革新派グループ「新おこぜ組」の中心人物・吉田東洋を起用した。
English: In 1853, Toyoshige appointed Toyo to the newly established position of 'shiokiyaku' (a councilor of a shogunate), the office of an administrator, and forced domain duties to be restructured by pushing aside the chief retainer.
Japanese: 嘉永6年（1853年）東洋を新たに設けた「仕置役（参政職）」に任じ、家老を押しのけて藩政改革を断行した。
English: In June 1854, Toyo had a dispute with Kahe MATSUSHITA, who was a hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu, which is a form of Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and had a matrimonial relation with the Yamauchi clan.
Japanese: 翌、安政元年（1854年）6月、東洋は山内家姻戚に当たる旗本・松下嘉兵衛との間にいさかいをおこした。
English: However in 1857, 3 years later, Toyo was appointed again and Toyo used Shojiro GOTO and Takachika FUKUOKA, both of whom later became councilors of the domain.
Japanese: しかし3年後の安政4年（1857年）東洋を再び起用し、東洋は後に藩の参政となる後藤象二郎、福岡孝悌らを起用した。
English: Toyoshige had interactions with Shungaku MATSUDAIRA (the lord of Fukui Domain), Munenari DATE (the lord of Uwajima Domain) and Nariakira SHIMAZU (the lord of Satsuma Domain), and these four lords including Toyoshige were called Bakumatsu no shikenko (the four remarkable daimyos of the end of the Edo period).
Japanese: 豊信は福井藩主・松平春嶽、宇和島藩主・伊達宗城、薩摩藩主・島津斉彬とも交流を持ち幕末の四賢侯と称された。
English: After the death of Masahiro ABE, Toyoshige directly stood against Naosuke Ii, who became a tairo (chief minister), over the issue of choosing the successor to the shogun.
Japanese: 阿部正弘死去後、大老に就いた井伊直弼と将軍世継問題で真っ向から対立した。
English: Since the 13th seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") Iesada TOKUGAWA was poor in health and did not have an heir, the Bakumatsu no shikenko members including Yodo and Nariaki TOKUGAWA (the lord of the Mito Domain) recommended Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA as the next shogun.
Japanese: 13代征夷大将軍・徳川家定が病弱で嗣子が無かったため、容堂ほか四賢侯、水戸藩主・徳川斉昭らは次期将軍に徳川慶喜を推していた。
English: Yodo was outraged at this, and submitted a request of retirement to the Tokugawa shogunate in March 1859.
Japanese: 容堂はこれに憤慨し、安政6年（1859年）2月、隠居願いを徳川幕府に提出した。
English: In October in the same year, he was ordered to be placed under house arrest by the bakufu along with Nariaki, Shungaku and Munenari.
Japanese: この年の10月には斉昭・春嶽・宗城らと共に幕府より謹慎の命が下った。
English: While oppressing kinno no shishi (royalists) within his domain, he served the Imperial Court and acted for the good of the bakufu.
Japanese: 藩内の勤皇志士を弾圧する一方、朝廷にも奉仕し、また幕府にも良かれという行動を取った。
English: Even Takamori SAIGO, who later became Yodo's political enemy, said 'it is a lot easier to deal with simple Sabaku-ha (supporters of the Shogun).'
Japanese: のち政敵となる西郷隆盛から「単純な佐幕派のほうがはるかに始末がいい」とまで言わしめる結果となった。
English: In the Tosa Domain, Tosa kinnoto (loyalist clique of Tosa) led by Zuizan TAKECHI gained power and was opposed to Toyo YOSHIDA, who was the koko no shin (a trusted retainer) of Yodo.
Japanese: 土佐藩でも武市瑞山を首領とする土佐勤王党が台頭し、容堂の股肱の臣である吉田東洋と対立。
English: Finally on May 6, 1862, Zuizan assassinated Toyo.
Japanese: 遂に文久2年4月8日(旧暦)（1862年5月6日）東洋を暗殺するに至った。
English: On September 30, 1863, an Imperial Court military coup (Coup of August 18) was forced through in Kyoto in order to depose the Choshu Domain by the Aizu Domain and the Satsuma Domain.
Japanese: 文久3年8月18日(旧暦)（1863年9月30日）京都で会津藩・薩摩藩による長州藩追い落としのための朝廷軍事クーデター（八月十八日の政変）が強行された。
English: The Choshu side narrowly avoided this touch-and-go scenario, and the power of purge by the Sabaku-ha rose again for a while after this incident.
Japanese: 長州側が一触即発の事態を回避したため、これ以後しばらく佐幕派による粛清の猛威が復活した。
English: Yodo first started by severely oppressing his political enemy Tosa kinnoto which assassinated Toyo, arresting and imprisoning all members of the party.
Japanese: 容堂は、まず東洋を暗殺した政敵・土佐勤王党の大弾圧に乗り出し、党員を片っ端から捕縛・投獄した。
English: He joined the council, which was the consultative body of the national administration, but did not participate in the meeting quite often, on account of his claiming to be sick, and the council fell apart after a short period of time.
Japanese: 国政の諮問機関である参預会議に参加するが、容堂自身は病と称して欠席が多く短期間で崩壊した。
English: Due to the intermediation by the royalists of Tosa who left the domain right before the assassination of Toyo (such as Ryoma SAKAMOTO, Shintaro NAKAOKA and Hisamoto HIJIKATA), on March 8, 1866, the Satsuma-Choshu Alliance was established.
Japanese: 東洋暗殺の直前に脱藩していた土佐の志士たち（坂本龍馬・中岡慎太郎・土方久元）の仲介によって、慶応2年（1866年）1月22日、薩長同盟が成立した。
English: In June 1867, Yodo participated in the Shiko-kaigi (four major lords' meeting), which was driven and established by the Satsuma Domain, but he kept skipping the meetings since he did not like the fact that the Satsuma Domain was leading the movement to stymie the power of the bakufu.
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）5月、薩摩藩主導で設置された四侯会議に参加するが、幕府権力の削減を図る薩摩藩の主導を嫌い、欠席を続ける。
English: However, on July 23 in Kyoto, Tatewaki KOMATSU, Toshimichi OKUBO, Takamori SAIGO from the Satsuma Domain and Shojiro GOTO, Taisuke ITAGAKI, Takachika FUKUOKA, Sazen TERAMURA and 間部栄三郎 from the Tosa Domain had a meeting thanks to intermediation by Shintaro NAKAOKA and Ryoma SAKAMOTO, and the Satsuma-Choshu Alliance was established with the aim of eliminating the bakufu and the restoring Imperial Rule.
Japanese: しかし6月22日には京都において、中岡慎太郎・坂本龍馬の仲介により、薩摩藩の小松帯刀・大久保利通・西郷隆盛と土佐藩の後藤象二郎・板垣退助・福岡孝弟・寺村左膳・間部栄三郎が会談し、幕府排除と王政復古のための薩土同盟が成立した。
English: Yodo himself kept supporting the bakufu which made him the lord of the domain, but could not stop the movement that took place during this era which was bent on overthrowing the Shogunate.
Japanese: 容堂は自身を藩主にまで押し上げてくれた幕府を擁護し続けたが、倒幕へと傾いた時代を止めることは出来なかった。