nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Wall paintings in the first ancient tombs and temples in Japan seem to have something in common with those found in Koguryo in terms of method and technique.
Japanese: 初期の日本の古墳や寺院の壁画には高句麗などとの手法や技術の共通点も見られる。
English: In the West, wall paintings were discovered in the sites where houses were built in the ancient Egypt, Greek and Rome.
Japanese: 西洋では古代エジプト・古代ギリシア・古代ローマの住居などの跡に壁画が見られる。
English: Particularly in regions hit by the volcanic disasters and covered quickly with ash such as Santorini Island, Pompei and Herculaneum, well-preserved wall paintings were discovered in the debris of the buried buildings.
Japanese: 特にサントリーニ島やポンペイ、ヘルクラネウムなど火山災害に襲われて瞬時に埋まった地域では建物の中から保存状態の良い壁画が発見されている。
English: The technique used to draw such wall paintings in the West was called 'fresco' and was applied in creating wall and ceiling paintings in churches, and so on, in later years, and still in the 21st century, are used for the production of wall paintings although regular-type and spray paints are now available.
Japanese: こうした西洋の壁画の技法は「フレスコ」と呼ばれるもので、後にキリスト教会などの壁画や天井画にも使われ、ペンキやスプレーが普及した21世紀でも壁画制作に使用されている。
English: Michelangelo Buonarroti's product "Last Judgment" which is displayed in Sistina Chapel in Vatican is famous for applying that technique.
Japanese: ミケランジェロ・ブオナローティの作であるバチカンのシスティーナ礼拝堂の『最後の審判(ミケランジェロ)』などは有名である。
English: Also, Leonardo da Vinci's product "The Last Supper" which is displayed on the wall of the dining room in Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie is a well-known wall painting in tempera style in this era, and deterioration in the painting accelerated due to environmental factors that it was placed in a dining room.
Japanese: また、レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチによるミラノのサンタ・マリア・デッレ・グラツィエ修道院の食堂の壁画『最後の晩餐(レオナルド)』もこの時代の有名な壁画だが、これはテンペラ画であり、食堂という環境もあり劣化が早かった。
English: In Mesoamerica, the wall paintings in Bonampak ruins in the State of Chiapas (Late Classic period) and Cacaxtla Archaeological Ruins (Early Post Classic period) in the Central Plateau are well-known.
Japanese: メソアメリカでは、チアパス州のボナンパク遺跡（古典期後期）と中央高原のカカシュトラ遺跡（後古典期前期）の壁画がよく知られている。
English: Regarding the Cultures of the Andes, even in the pre-Inca period, there are colored reliefs produced on sun-dried brick (adobe) walls of shrines in the Lima Culture and Moche Culture and also, wall paintings colored directly with El Brujo and Panamarca in the shrines.
Japanese: アンデス文明では、プレ・インカの時代からリマ文化やモチェ文化などの神殿のやわらかな日干し煉瓦（アドベ）の壁面に施された浮き彫りに彩色されている事例のほかにエル＝ブルーホ、パニャマルカがなどで直接彩色した壁画が見られる。
English: Around the 10th century after the Moche Culture disappeared, the Sican Culture developed mainly in Batan Grande along the Jequetepeque River located north of the North Coast, and there are wall paintings in the Ventanas Shrine built at that time.
Japanese: またモチェより後に北海岸で北方のヘケテペケ川中流域のバタン＝グランデを中心に10世紀ごろ繁栄したシカン文化のベンタナス神殿にも見られる。
English: More ancient wall paintings have been discovered as methods or techniques available to unearth ruins and tombs have become advanced, but it is a future issue as to how to protect the delicate wall paintings not exposed to outside air or humidity for a long time, from deterioration caused by molds and light and how to present them for public view.
Japanese: 古代の壁画は、遺跡や墳墓の発掘調査の進展と共に多く見つかるようになっているが、長年外気や湿気に触れなかった繊細な壁画はカビや光で痛む可能性があるため、どのように保護し、また観覧に供するかは今後の課題である。
English: Wall paintings in Lascaux Cave were damaged by carbon dioxide exhaled by visitors and mold carried in with visitors and the cave has been shut down, and it is a lucky case in whereby restoration begun before it almost ruined.
Japanese: ラスコー洞窟は観覧者の吐く息の二酸化炭素や持ち込んだカビ類で洞窟壁画が傷み、閉鎖されているが、これは保存が間一髪で間に合った幸運な例である。
English: In modern mass society, wall paintings were considered an important means by which people with less of an educational background were able to assert their own views or policies in a visual way.
Japanese: 近代の大衆社会になって、壁画は学のない人々にも主義主張を視覚的に伝える手法として重視された。
English: People painted wall paintings in industrial or war areas in order to deliver state opinion or message based on labor movements and nationalism or in hopes for a resolution of wars or conflicts.
Japanese: 労働運動、民族主義、紛争解決の祈りなどの主張のため、工業地帯や紛争地などにも壁画が描かれている。
English: After 1910, in Mexico, people began to create many wall paintings aiming to establish their identities as Mexicans and deliver the purpose and significance of the Mexican Revolution.
Japanese: 1910年以後、メキシコでは民衆にメキシコ人のアイデンティティーとメキシコ革命の主張を伝えるために壁画が多く描かれる様になった。
English: Artists who were supporting a famous historic movement, the Mexican wall painting Movement, were Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros and Jose Clemente Orozco.
Japanese: この歴史上有名なメキシコ壁画運動にはディエゴ・リベラ、ダビッド・アルファロ・シケイロス、ホセ・クレメンテ・オロスコらの作家がいる。
English: In the United States, out-of-work artists who were employed under the Federal Art Project during the Great Depression era drew wall paintings on public buildings, and in communist countries, many wall paintings were created to deliver political slogans and for propaganda purposes.
Japanese: その他アメリカ合衆国でも大恐慌の際に連邦美術計画によって失業画家を雇って公共建築に壁画が描かれ、共産主義国では多くの政治的スローガンと共にプロパガンダ用の壁画が描かれた。
English: In Northern Ireland, after the 1970s, politically-minded wall paintings were drawn on many buildings based on the ideology of the Unionist who were wishing their area to remain or become part of the United Kingdom and the ideology of the Nationalist who wanted their area to become independent from the United Kingdom, and some of these wall paintings caused controversy and co lignite a conflict, and were eventually redrawn.
Japanese: 北アイルランドは、1970年代以降、建物の多くにイギリスとの連合維持を求めるユニオニストやイギリスからの独立を求めるナショナリスト双方の主張を交えた政治的な壁画が描かれ、そのいくつかは紛争をあおるとして論議を呼んだり塗り替えられている。
English: While graffiti (doodling) which spread on a global scale in the 1980s and later considered damage to property without the owner's approval, it can be said that the graffiti demonstrates young people's views and interests, and gradually, a pictures drawn on an entire surface of a wall began to appear.
Japanese: 1980年代以降世界中に広がったグラフィティ（落書き）も、建物の所有者の了解を得ない器物破損である一方、若者のさまざまな主張や趣味を表現しているものともいえ、次第に壁面全体を大きく使うものが現れるようになっている。
English: Keith Haring is a graffiti artist who was recognized in art world and became well-known, and there are more graffiti painters in the world whose art works have begun to be exhibited at museums.
Japanese: キース・ヘリングは美術界で認められ有名になった人物だが、その他にも多くのグラフィティ・アーティストが世界中におり、美術館などでも取り上げられるようになってきている。
English: Meanwhile, local people including students in a certain areas, work together and attempt to produce wall paintings in order to prevent graffiti in public places and shops and also make the community network stronger.
Japanese: また、公共の場所や商店街への落書き防止や、地域共同体の結びつきを深めるために、学生を含めたみんなで壁画を作る運動もある。
English: Nanchang Three Tombs: From the late 6th century to the early 7th century; Nampho City, Beian Nam-do, North Korea
Japanese: 江西三墓古墳（6世紀末～7世紀初頭：朝鮮民主主義人民共和国北安南道南浦市）
English: The name refers to the honbo (a priest's main living quarter) among minor temples in Choho-ji Temple on Mt. Shiun (a temple of Tendai Sect in Nakagyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City, also known as Rokkakudo); a priest in Ikenobo has managed it for generation as regent of Rokkakudo, the main hall of Choho-ji Temple.
Japanese: 紫雲山頂法寺（京都市中京区にある天台宗の寺。通称六角堂）のいくつかあった寺内塔頭（たっちゅう）の中の本坊にあたり、頂法寺の本堂である六角堂の執行として代々経営・管理に当たってきた。
English: Ikenobo, the honbo, was named referring to a pond (ike) where Prince Shotoku bathed.
Japanese: 池坊の坊名は、聖徳太子が水浴したという池にちなんで名付けられたものである。
English: A priest in Ikenobo was assigned to place flowers at the principle image, Nyoirin Kannon (the Goddess of Mercy) in the Rokkakudo, as the chief priest of Choho-ji Temple.
Japanese: 池坊の僧は、頂法寺の住持として六角堂の本尊如意輪観音に花を供えることとなっていた。
English: From 1469 to 1486, the 12th of Ikenobo, Senkei IKENOBO, had a reputation as a tatebana (the traditional art of arranging flowers, literally meaning "making flowers stand") master, and from 1532 to 1555, the 13th of Ikenobo, Seno IKENOBO, was frequently invited to the Imperial court to arrange flowers and he authored 'Ikenobo Seno Kuden' (the famous manuscript about ikebana) to organize the theories and techniques of tatebana.
Japanese: 文明(日本)年間（1469年-1486年）に池坊12世池坊専慶は立花（たてばな）の名手として知られ、天文(元号)年間（1532年-1555年）には、池坊13世池坊専応が度々宮中に招かれて花を立て、また「池坊専応口伝」を著して立花の理論と技術を体系化した。
English: In the early Edo period, Senko IKENOBO launched a fancy flower arrangement style particularly emphasizing colors, thought to be main school for the Enshu School and the Old School in the mid Edo period.
Japanese: 江戸時代初期池坊専好が、色彩本位の豪華な法式をはじめて発展し、華道の家元として江戸時代中期に興った遠州流や古流などの本流となるものとして現在にいたっている。
English: Since Senei, the 45th sosho (iemoto), Ikenobo has actively worked hard endeavoring to increase overseas branches, influenced by globalization.
Japanese: 45世専永宗匠より国際化の流れを受け、海外での活躍・支部拡大がめざましい。
English: Jiyuka (a free style of Ikebana): the former moribana (flower arrangement in a built-up style) and nageire (free style flower arrangement in upright vases (without the use of needle point holders)) were included in the Jiyuka.
Japanese: 自由花（じゆうか）　かつての盛花（もりばな）と投入（なげいれ）は、自由花にまとめられた。
English: Okame is the face or mask of a woman who has a short nose and swollen round cheeks.
Japanese: おかめ（お亀、阿亀）は鼻が低く頬が丸く張り出した女性の顔、あるいはその仮面。
English: The mask of okame is sometimes used as to play a comical woman in Satokagura (kagura performance held somewhere other than at the imperial palace) and is often played with 'hyottoko' (droll fellow or clownish mask) as a pair.
Japanese: 面は里神楽などで道化役の女性として使われることもあり男性の面であるひょっとこと対に用いられることも多い。
English: As okame is also called otafuku and means many fortunes, it is regarded as good omen, and they began to use it as an ornament attached to rakes sold on Tori no Ichi (open-air market on the day of the bird) at Asakusa and so on.
Japanese: またお多福ともいうように福が多いということから縁起がよいとされ浅草などの酉の市の熊手の飾りなどに使われるようになった。
English: Originally in ancient times, it was believed that a plain-looking woman with fat and well-looking body could be an amulet warding off evils, and was thought of as some kind of "beauty."
Japanese: 本来古代においては太った福々しい体躯の不美人は災厄の魔よけになると信じられ、ある種の「美人」を意味したとされる。
English: However, with the implication of "remaining unmarried on the shelf" and the changes in aesthetic feelings, the amulet became a derogatory term that meant a plain-looking woman.
Japanese: だが上記縁起物での「売れ残り」の意味、あるいは時代とともにかわる美意識の変化とともに不美人をさす蔑称としても使われるようになった。
English: The origin of the comical mask is said to be from Amenouzume (goddess of entertainment) in Japanese Mythology, however, there is an opinion that the name okame came from the name of a 'miko' (a shrine maiden) during the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 滑稽な面の起源は日本神話の女性アメノウズメといわれているが、おかめの名は室町時代の巫女の名前からという説もある。
English: As for the name Otafuku, there is an opinion that it is derived from the meaning of many fortunes mentioned above, and there is also another opinion that it came from the name of a fish 'Fugu' (blow fish) because her swollen cheeks are similar to the puffed up fish.
Japanese: お多福は前記の福が多いという説と頬が丸くふくらんだ様から魚のフグが元という説もある。
English: There is a folktale at Senbon Shaka-do temple (formal name is Daihoon-ji Temple) that Okame, a wife of a master carpenter who built the main hall of the temple, helped her husband but after that she killed herself to save her husband's honor.
Japanese: 京都の千本釈迦堂（大報恩寺）には本堂を建てた大工の棟梁を助けたうえ命を絶った妻のおかめの伝説がある。
English: Thus, there is a custom that they attach the mask of Okame to gohei (wooden wands, decorated with two Shide or zigzag paper streamers) when the Muneageshiki (the roof-laying ceremony) takes place in Kyoto.
Japanese: そのため京都で棟上げ式を行うときおかめの面を御幣に付ける習慣がある。
English: Daiko-daki is an annual event held in December in Kyoto.
Japanese: 大根焚き（だいこだき）とは、京都市で12月に行なわれる歳時記、年中行事のことである。
English: It is held in many temples during a certain short period of time, but there are no relationships among the festivals in the temples and their own significance is given to the event at each temple.
Japanese: 但し、近い時期に各寺で行なわれる行事ではあるが、個々の寺の間に関連はなく、別々の意味合いを持った行事として行なわれるものである。
English: Also, it is held in Hoju-ji Temple (Kyoto City), Higashiyama (Kyoto Prefecture) and Sanzenin Temple in Ohara.
Japanese: その他、東山(京都府)の法住寺(京都市)や大原の三千院などでも行なわれる。
English: Jusan-mairi is a ritual that takes place on March 13 of the lunar calendar date (today, it is held one month later on April 13) where 13 year old boys and girls visit Kokuzo Bosatsu (Akasagarbha Bodhisattva) to give thanks that they have come of age and pray for future knowledge, happiness, and health.
Japanese: 十三参り（じゅうさんまいり）は、旧暦の3月13日（現在では月遅れで新暦の4月13日)の間、数え年13歳に成った少年少女が元服を迎え大人と成った事に感謝して、これから先の万物の福徳と英知を授かるために、虚空蔵菩薩に参詣する行事。
English: Before praying, the children describe one letter they cherish on hanshi (standard-size Japanese writing paper) using a mohitsu (writing, painting) brush.
Japanese: 参拝の最初に半紙に自分が大切にしている漢字一文字を毛筆でしたためる。
English: In case of girls for example, they present letters like "美 (Beauty)" or "雅 (Elegance)" to Kokuzo Bosatsu to be blessed, then they receive amulets and offerings when they return, and they say words of thanks to their parents at home.
Japanese: 女子では美・雅といった文字を虚空蔵菩薩に供えご祈祷を受けて帰りにはお守り・お供物を頂いて帰り親に感謝を述べる。
English: They continue using the chopsticks they used at the first meal on that day, and attach one amulet to their study desk and another to their school bag.
Japanese: お箸はこの日最初に頂く食事の時から使いはじめる、お守りは勉強机に一つと毎日の通学用の鞄に一つをつける。
English: As there is a tradition to return the wisdom they receive if they look back after they walk out of the main hall on the way home, the children do not look back until they pass through the torii (an archway to a Shinto shrine) beyond the long and narrow stone steps, or until they cross the Togetsu-kyo Bridge even if they were told so (It is recommended to tell the children before they make the visit)
Japanese: 参詣の帰路、本殿を出たあと後を振り返ると、せっかく授かった智恵を返さなければならないという伝承があって狭い長い石段を降リ切った鳥居をくぐるまでは、又は渡月橋を渡り終るまでは周囲の誘いにも動じず後ろを振り向かないで貫き通す【お参りの前に子に教えておく事をすすめる】
English: This custom is said to be derived from Kokuzo gumonjiho (Ritual of Praying to Akasagarbha to Increase Memory) with which Kukai greatly increased his memory.
Japanese: 空海がそれによって飛躍的に記憶力を増大させたと言われる虚空蔵求聞持法に由来する。
English: As 13 is the time of coming of age, this ritual became a tradition as a sort of rite of passage.
Japanese: また、13歳という年齢が元服の時期と合致するため、一種の通過儀礼として伝承された。
English: In the Kansai region, Jusan-mairi is more popular than Shichi-go-san (a day of prayer for the healthy growth of children of 7, 5, and 3), and especially that of Horin-ji Temple (Nishigyo Ward, Kyoto City) at Mt. Arashi-yama, Kyoto is famous.
Japanese: 関西では七五三よりも、こちらのほうが盛んで、中でも、京都嵐山の法輪寺(京都市西京区)が有名である。
English: This ritual has gradually became popular also in the Kanto region, and visitors participating in it are often seen at Senso-ji Temple from March to May.
Japanese: 最近では関東でも徐々に盛んになりつつあり、浅草寺では3～5月にかけて上記と同様の参拝客が目に付くようになった。
English: In principle, the costume worn by boys are haori and hakama (Japanese male formal attire) and by girls is furisode (a long sleeved type of kimono usually worn on the coming of the age day) with a shoulder tuck, however, there are cases of "tomesode" (formal dress patterned only below the waistline worn by a married woman)," "homongi" (semi-formal kimono for women), "komon" (fine patterned kimono) or hakama which can be worn when they married.
Japanese: 服装は少年は羽織袴、少女は成人式と同じ振袖を、肩上げをして着るのが原則だが、結婚しても着られる留袖、訪問着、小紋、袴の場合もある。
English: Girls often put on their first makeup (in many cases, it is heavy makeup) on this day.
Japanese: 又、少女は、この時に初めて化粧（厚化粧の場合も多い）をして貰う場合が多い。
English: Mizuna (potherb mustard)is a yearly plant of Brassicaceae.
Japanese: ミズナBrassicarapaL.var.nipposinica(L.H.Bailey)Kitam.（水菜、potherbmustard）は、アブラナ科の一年生植物。
English: It is also called as 'Kyona', 'Hiiragina' or 'Sensujina' (literally, Vegetable of Kyoto, Holly vegetable and Thousand stripes, respectively.)
Japanese: 別名にキョウナ（京菜）、ヒイラギナ（柊菜）、センスジナ（千筋菜）などがある。
English: It is less smelly and is crisp, and widely used for dishes dressed with various kinds of sauces, a one-pot dish cooked at the table, salad, soup, and cooked food.
Japanese: 臭みの無い淡白な味わいとシャキシャキした歯ざわりが特徴で、和える、鍋料理、サラダ、汁物、煮るなどにひろく用いられる。
English: It is rich with nutritions such as beta-carotene, vitamin A, C and E, calcium and iron.
Japanese: 含まれる栄養素はベータカロチン、ビタミンA、ビタミンC、ビタミンE、カルシウム、鉄分。
English: Asazuke is a pickled dish made by marinating vegetables such as cucumbers, daikon radishes and eggplants with seasoning for a short time.
Japanese: 浅漬け（あさづけ）とはキュウリ、ダイコン、ナスなどの野菜を調味液に短時間漬けた漬物のことである。
English: Also, a recipe for removing vegetables in vinegar or rice bran in a short time may be called asazuke (in this case, the opposite is 'furuzuke' (long-term pickle)).
Japanese: また、調理法として酢漬けや糠漬けなどの漬物を短時間で引き上げたものを浅漬けと言う場合もある（この場合、対義語は「古漬け」）。
English: A recipe of making asazuke is just to mix cut or sliced vegetables and salt and put them in a plastic bag with Konbu (kelp), red peppers, and so on, so asazuke is often made at home due to its easy preparation.
Japanese: 切った野菜を塩で揉み、コンブ、唐辛子などと共にタッパーウェアや袋に入れておくだけで出来るため、家庭でよく作られている。
English: Asazuke is a very popular processed food and the Food Marketing Research and Information Center says that asazuke ranked second in production of tsukemono (Japanese pickled vegetables) following first-ranked kimchi (Korean pickle) in 2006.
Japanese: 加工食品としても非常に人気があり、食品需給研究センターによると2006年の漬物生産量はキムチについで第2位である。
English: Kimchi is produced using a fermentation process, but can be made in a method similar to the asazuke recipe of blending hakusai (Napa cabbage) and seasoning.
Japanese: キムチは発酵を利用して作られるが、白菜に調味液を加える浅漬け式で製造されるものもある。
English: It is called Japanese style kimchi and is popular in Japan due to being less sour and having a lighter taste when compared to fermentation-based kimchi.
Japanese: 日本式キムチとも呼ばれ、発酵を利用するものに比べて酸味が少なくあっさりとした風味になるので、日本で人気がある。
English: It is easy and quick to make home-made asazuke kimchi using seasoning on the market (it takes at least 45 days to make the fermentation-based kimchi.)
Japanese: また、市販の調味液を使うことによって家庭でも短時間で簡単に作ることができる（発酵させる場合は少なくとも45日かかる）。
English: Shokado bento is a meal in a box, whose inside is divided into sections in a cross pattern and has a lid with high sides.
Japanese: 松花堂弁当（しょうかどうべんとう）は、中に十字形の仕切りがあり、縁の高いかぶせ蓋のある弁当箱を用いた弁当。
English: The ultimate arrangement is an assortment of rice and various dishes, and said to be somewhat similar to the Makunouchi bento (boxed meal).
Japanese: 盛り分様式としては、ごはんと数種類のおかずを組み合わせたものであり、幕の内弁当に似ているとも言える。
English: However, the history of Shokado and Makunouchi boxed meals differ substantially: Makunouchi bento has its origin in honzen ryori (formally arranged dinner), while Shokado bento has its origin in Kaiseski tea ceremony dishes.
Japanese: しかし源流は、幕の内弁当が本膳料理の流れを汲むものであるのに対し、松花堂弁当は懐石料理の流れを汲むものであり、歴史は大きく異なる。
English: The name 'Shokado' is associated with Shojo SHOKADO (1584 - 1639), a priest attached to Iwashimizu Hachimangu Shrine (Yawata City, Kyoto Prefecture) in the early part of the Edo period.
Japanese: 「松花堂」の名は、江戸時代初期の石清水八幡宮（京都府八幡市）の社僧であった松花堂昭乗（1584年-1639年）に因むものである。
English: Shojo made the box inspired by a container used by farmers to hold seeds: a box like container with sides and used it as a paint box or a tobacco tray.
Japanese: 昭乗は、農家が種入れとして使っていた器をヒントにこの形の器を作り、絵の具箱や煙草盆として使用していた。
English: The development of this container from the origin into the Shokado meal box took several hundred years.
Japanese: その入れ物が松花堂弁当に発展したのは、それから数百年たってからである。
English: In the early 1930's, 'Kitcho' Japan's preeminent restaurant in Osaka was established by Teiichi YUKI who heard about the container while at Yawata and thought about using the container to hold food.
Japanese: 昭和の始め（昭和8年（1933年）頃とされている）、日本屈指の名料亭である大阪の「吉兆」の創始者である湯木貞一が八幡でこの器の話を聞き、弁当の器にすることを思いついた。
English: As the container was divided into sections in a cross pattern, he thought the flavors and aromas of the foods would not melt into each other.
Japanese: 十字形の仕切りがあることで、互いに味や匂いが移らないと考えたためである。
English: Another view is that; Shojo SHOKADO served up food in the partitioned container noted above which amused his customers.
Japanese: 異説として「松花堂昭乗が、上記の十字の仕切りがはいった箱に料理を盛って、来客をもてなした」とするものもある。
English: However, perhaps this is a story made up by later generations or based on a misunderstanding.
Japanese: しかしながら、おそらくこれは後世の創作あるいは誤解に基づくものである
English: It has been said that the ThinkPad notebook PC owes its concept design to the Shokado bento meal box.
Japanese: ノートPCのThinkPadは、松花堂弁当の弁当箱をコンセプトにしてデザインされたと言われている。
English: Senmai-zuke which is marketed in supermarkets are traditional pickles in Kyoto and are produced by marinating paper-thin slices of turnips with pieces of konbu (kelp), red peppers and vinegar.
Japanese: 現在一般に販売されている千枚漬（せんまいづけ）とは、蕪（かぶ）を薄く切って昆布、唐辛子とともに酢漬けにした京都の伝統的な漬物である。
English: The name senmai-zuke is thought to have originated in cutting a turnip into extremely thin slices resulting in a thousand.
Japanese: または蕪を千枚と言えるほど薄く切って作るのが名前の由来と伝えられる。
English: There were originally shogoin-kabu pickles produced by pickling in salt to ferment lactobacillus, and Tozaburo DAIKOKUYA and an imperial palace cook developed senmai-zuke in 1865 using the shogoin-kabu pickles.
Japanese: もともと塩漬けして乳酸菌発酵をさせた聖護院蕪の漬物を、御所の料理人であった大黒屋藤三郎が、慶応元年（1865年）に考案したとされる。
English: The steps to produce senmai-zuke is to sprinkle salt over the sliced shogoin-kabu, let it stand and then remove the excess water and then, pickle them only with good quality konbu until it ferments lactobacillus.
Japanese: 聖護院蕪をスライスし、塩漬をして余分な水分を取り除き、その後、良質の昆布だけで本漬を行い、乳酸発酵をさせる。
English: Senmai-zuke requires a particularly well-balanced combination of original sweetness from shogoin-kabu, sourness from fermented lactobacillus, and the delicious flavor of konbu.
Japanese: 蕪本来の甘味、乳酸発酵の酸味、昆布の旨味のバランスがとても大切な漬物である。
English: After World War II, sugar, vinegar, and seasonings were used for the first time to produce the current type of senmai-zuke.
Japanese: 第二次世界大戦後砂糖、酢、調味料を使う、現在の酢漬けの千枚漬が製造されるようになった。
English: The production of senmai-zuke is done from November to March, Shogoin-kabu is grown and harvested and the sale of this pickle is only available during the this period being a seasonal pickle.
Japanese: 聖護院蕪の生産時期（11月～翌年3月頃まで）に合わせて「千枚漬」の漬け込みが行われ、販売時期もこの期間に限定される旬の漬物である。
English: Senmai-zuke is a typical winter pickle in Kyoto regarded as one of the three famous Kyoto pickles including suguki (vinegar vegetable pickles seller of these pickles) and shiba-zuke (perilla pickles with eggplant), and is popular as basic or stable souvenirs in Kyoto.
Japanese: 京都の冬を代表する漬物であり、「千枚漬｣のほかに「すぐき｣「柴漬」を合わせて京都の三大漬物として、京都みやげの定番の一つとなっている。
English: To produce this drama, since there was no particular pickle shop considered as a model, the Kyoto Tsukemono Federation (京都府漬物協同組合) was involved to work as a contact and to gather various information from pickle shops in Kyoto.
Japanese: 特に特定した店をモデルにしたのではなく、京都府漬物協同組合がその窓口となり京都の漬物店の各種エピソードを、聴取し製作された。
English: Rakuchu rakugai zu are a genre paintings produced from the Muromachi period to the Edo period that depicted the town area (inner Kyoto) and suburbs (outer Kyoto) from an overhead view.
Japanese: 洛中洛外図（らくちゅうらくがいず）は室町時代から江戸時代にかけて描かれた風俗画で、京都の市街（洛中）・郊外（洛外）を俯瞰して描いたもの。
English: It is not only valuable from the viewpoint of art history, but also from the viewpoint of historical material to know the city and architecture of the time, and also valuable as the picture depicts, in a elaborated manner, the life of samurai, court nobles, and common folks.
Japanese: 美術史上の価値はもちろん、当時の都市や建築を知る史料であるとともに、武士や公家から庶民までの生活が細密に書き込まれており、貴重である。
English: Rakuchu rakugai zu were produced largely for political purposes, thus the imperial palace and samurai residences are painted and calculated for effect.
Japanese: 洛中洛外図は多分に政治的な意図のもとに制作されたもので、御所、武家屋敷などが目立つように描かれる。
English: The products of the 16th century places Shimogyo-ku Ward at the right wing and Kamigyo-ku Ward (northern part of Kyoto) at the left wing, and the products of the 17th century places the eastern part of the town at the right wing and western part at the left wing.
Japanese: 16世紀のものは右隻に下京区、左隻に上京区（北）を描き、17世紀のものは右隻に東、左隻に西の街並みを描く。
English: Things and events of spring, summer, fall, and winter in Kyoto are depicted, and many of them have floats from the Gion Festival in them.
Japanese: 春・夏・秋・冬の風物や行事を描き、祇園祭の山車を書き込むものが多い。
English: There is an entry in the diary of Sanetaka SANJONISHI in 1506, "Sadakage ASAKURA of Echizen Province ordered Mitsunobu TOSA to paint the scenery of Kyoto on a folding screen,' and it is thought to be the first historical record of the Rakuchu rakugai zu.
Japanese: 三条西実隆の永正3年（1506年）の日記に、「越前国の朝倉貞景が土佐光信に京を描いた一双の屏風を造らせた」という意味の記述があるのが、洛中洛外図の文献上の初見とされる。