nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: It is said that Masanosuke SUFU or Shinsaku TAKASUGI gave this nickname to Omura.
Japanese: このあだ名は周布政之助が付けたとも高杉晋作が付けたとも言われている。
English: As a result of the punitive expedition to Choshu in 1864, Choshu Domain pledged fealty to the Tokugawa government and the conservatives took power.
Japanese: 長州藩では元治元年（1864年）の長州征討の結果、幕府へ恭順し保守派が政権を握ったが、
English: However, in 1865, forces led by Shinsaku TAKASUGI defeated the conservatives at Shimonoseki, leading to consensus in the domain to overthrow the shogunate.
Japanese: 慶応元年（1865年）、高杉晋作らが下関市で挙兵して保守派を打倒、藩論を倒幕でまとめた。
English: Takasugi undertook military reforms such as the creation of the Kiheitai (irregular militia) and adopting a Western-style military, asking Omura to train them.
Japanese: 高杉らは西洋式兵制を採用した奇兵隊の創設をはじめとする軍制改革に着手、大村にその指導を要請する。
English: Omura was made a hereditary samurai of the elite umamawari corps senior samurai of uma-mawariyaku worth 100 koku and was ordered to change his name to Masujiro Nagatoshi OMURA..
Japanese: 大村は馬廻役譜代100石取の上士となり、藩命により大村益次郎永敏と改名。
English: As Omura lived in the Fumon-ji Temple while in Yamaguchi, the military school was called "Fumon-ji juku" or "Sanpei juku."
Japanese: 大村は山口では普門寺を宿舎としていたため、普門寺塾や三兵塾と呼ばれた。
English: Omura translated Western military tactics and rewrote them, making them more relevant to actual warfare and easy to understand.
Japanese: 大村は西洋兵術書を翻訳したばかりでなく、それを現状に即し実戦に役立つようわかりやすく書き改めた。
English: In 1866 the Shogunate ordered a second punitive expedition to Choshu, with operations starting in July.
Japanese: 慶応2年（1866年）、幕府は長州征討を号令、6月に戦闘が開始される。
English: Exercising his talents thoroughly, his superior tactics crushed the shogunate forces, then he passed through neutral Tsuwano Domain and marched to Hamada City.
Japanese: その才能は遺憾なく発揮され、優れた戦術により幕府側をことごとく撃破し、中立的立場を取った津和野藩を通過して浜田市まで進撃。
English: Rangaku scholar and long time acquaintance in Choshu Domain, Shusuke AOKI, said about him, 'his intelligence is unhuman.'
Japanese: 長州藩の旧知で蘭学者の青木周弼は大村を評して「その才知、鬼の如し」と語ったという。
English: Choshu armies gained the upper hand on other fronts, effectively winning the battle and brokering a ceasefire.
Japanese: 他の戦線でも長州藩は優勢に戦いを進め、事実上の勝利のもとに停戦した。
English: In February 1868, Omura was appointed a choshin of Gunbo Jimukyoku Hanji (the 3rd post of the newly created military ministry) in the government of the newly restored to power Emperor Meiji.
Japanese: 明治元年（1868年）2月、王政復古(日本)により成立した明治新政府の軍防事務局判事加勢として朝臣となる。
English: Omura clashed with Satsuma's Nobuyoshi KAIEDA during the war council and Takamori SAIGO had to intervene.
Japanese: この上野戦争の軍議で薩摩の海江田信義と対立、西郷が仲介に入る場面があった。
English: Kaieda was infuriated when Omura told him, 'You don't know anything about the war,' giving rise to the theory that Kaieda was linked to Omura's assassination.
Japanese: この席上で大村が発した「君はいくさを知らぬ」の一言に、海江田信義が尋常ではない怒りを見せたこと等が、海江田による大村暗殺関与説の根拠となっている。
English: After defeating shogunate remnants in the northern Kanto area, he was the new government's commander-in-chief in the 'Tohoku War' against the Northern Alliance (Ouetsu Reppan Domei) in Niigata and the Tohoku region.
Japanese: 北関東で幕府残党勢力を鎮圧したのち、新政府軍の総司令官として東北地方、新潟で北部政府（奥羽越列藩同盟）と事実上の“南北戦争”である「東北戦争」を戦った。
English: After the surrender of Northern Alliance leader, Sendai Domain, the remaining shogunate forces, led by Takeaki ENOMOTO, also surrendered at Goryokaku fortress in Hakodate City, bringing an end to the Boshin War in 1869.
Japanese: 北部政府の盟主、仙台藩らの降伏後、明治2年（1869年）、函館市五稜郭で幕府残党勢力の榎本軍も降伏し、戊辰戦争は終結した。
English: Omura was rewarded for his performance in the Boshin War with a stipend for life of 1500 koku and, together with Takayoshi KIDO (later called Kogoro KATSURA) and Toshimichi OKUBO, became one of the leaders of the new government.
Japanese: 大村は戊辰戦争での功績により永世禄1500石を賜り、木戸孝允（桂小五郎）、大久保利通と並び新政府の幹部となった。
English: Omura was responsible for military reform and at a military meeting in July 1869, he clashed with Okubo and others over the treatment of the defeated armies and the establishment of a centralized military.
Japanese: 大村は軍制改革の中心を担い、1869年6月には政府の兵制会議で大久保らと旧征討軍の処理と中央軍隊の建設方法について論争を展開している。
English: There was heated debate between Omura's group, which wanted to create a domain-independent military under direct control of the government, and Okubo's group, which wanted to reorganize a centralized military based on the armies of Kagoshima (Satsuma Domain), Yamaguchi (Choshu Domain) and Kochi (Tosa Domain).
Japanese: そこで、藩兵に依拠しない形での政府直属軍隊の創設を図る大村らと、鹿児島（薩摩藩）・山口（長州藩）・高知（土佐藩）藩兵を主体にした中央軍隊を編成しようとする大久保らとの間で激論が闘わされた。
English: On July 29, the argument concerned what to do with the armies of Kagoshima, Yamaguchi and Kochi, which had been staying in Kyoto.
Japanese: この兵制論争中、6月21日段階での争点は、京都に駐留していた鹿児島・山口・高知藩兵の取り扱いをめぐってのものであった。
English: On this issue, Omura was supported by Kido but, on June 23, Okubo came out victorious when it was decided that the three domain's armies were to be hired by the government and moved to Tokyo.
Japanese: 大村を支持する木戸も論争に加わり彼を援護したが、23日、大久保の主張に沿った形で、京都駐留の三藩兵が「御召」として東下することが決定され、この問題については大久保派の勝利に終わった。
English: On July 31, Tomozane YOSHII, had drafted the Army Reorganization Act, also joined the dispute and the debate turned to the question of recruitment.
Japanese: また23日の会議では、先の陸軍編制法の立案者である吉井友実も加わり、今後の兵卒素材についての議論も始まった。
English: On this matter, Okubo and Yoshii's 'domain armies theory' was at odds with Omura and Kido's 'universal conscription theory' and the argument carried over to the next day.
Japanese: ここでも大久保・吉井らの主張する「藩兵論」と大村や木戸が主張する「農兵論（一般徴兵論）」が激しく衝突し、議論は翌日も続いた。
English: The result was another victory for Okubo and with this the dispute, although it would continue until August 2, was virtually settled.
Japanese: しかしこれもまた、大久保派の意見が通り、この日、25日まで続く兵制論争がほぼ決着した。
English: The talks resulted in Omura's ideas on the creation of the military being comprehensively rejected.
Japanese: 大村の建軍構想は、この会議の結果、ことごとく退けられることとなった。
English: Omura got angry and tendered his resignation but, at the time, there was nobody in the government qualified enough to replace him.
Japanese: 憤懣やるかたない大村はほどなく辞表を提出したが、当時の政府内には、軍事に関して大村に代わるべき人物はなかった。
English: Therefore, Kido met him on August 14, the day before the government was reorganized into Nikan Hashho (2 houses and 8 ministries), and begged him to stay in the government.
Japanese: そのため木戸も、二官八省への官制改革が行われる前日の7月7日に大村と面会し、彼を慰留した。
English: Kido also promised to support Omura and asked him to work in the newly created Hyobusho (military ministry).
Japanese: また、改めて支持を約束し、軍務官を廃して新たに設置される兵部省に出仕することを求めた。
English: The hyobukyo (later Minister of the Army) of that time was Imperial Prince Yoshiakira, but he was minister in name only.
Japanese: 当時の兵部卿（後の陸軍大臣）は嘉彰親王であり、名目上だけの存在であった。
English: Omura recommended Akiyoshi YAMADA, a 'student' of Omura who had been a staff officer in the Boshin War, as hyobu taijo (rank of major) and asked him to choose candidates for non-commissioned officer positions.
Japanese: 大村は戊辰戦争で参謀として活躍した「門弟」である山田顕義を兵部大丞に推薦し、彼に下士官候補の選出を委任した。
English: Yamada chose about 100 people from all over Yamaguchi Domain and, from October 9, started training them as non-commissioned officers at Kawahigashi Training Center in Kyoto.
Japanese: 山田は山口藩諸隊からを中心に約百名を選出し、9月5日からは京都に設けられた河東操練所において下士官候補の訓練を開始した。
English: Omura established a branch of the Gunmukan (Office for Military Affairs) in Osaka in July 1869 and set up the government's Heigakuryo Military Academy in October, also in Osaka.
Japanese: また大村は、2年6月の段階で大阪に軍務官の大阪出張所を設置していたが、9月には同じく大阪に兵部省の兵学寮を設けた。
English: He also decided to build a gunpowder manufacturing plant in Uji, Kyoto and an arms factory in Osaka.
Japanese: このほか京都宇治に火薬製造所を、また大阪に造兵廠を建設することも決定された。
English: His reason for moving the nucleus of the creation of the Japanese army from Tokyo to Kansai was not only that Osaka's central location made it easier to deal with domestic issues, but also for the political reason that he wanted to escape from the interference of Okubo, who was opposed to Omura's military reforms.
Japanese: このように大村が建軍の中核を東京から関西へと移転させたことについては、大阪がほぼ日本の中心に位置しており、国内の事変に対応しやすいという地理上の理由のほかに、自身の軍制改革に対する大久保派の妨害から脱するという政治的思惑によるものも大きかった。
English: In addition, it is said that after quelling the Tohoku War, he was wary of the powerful southwestern domains and stressed Osaka's importance in guarding against them.
Japanese: そのほか、大村が東北平定後の西南雄藩の動向を警戒し、その備えとして大阪を重視したとの証言もある。
English: While working to establish the army, Omura was attacked by an assassin at an inn in Kyoto on October 8, 1869 and badly injured.
Japanese: このように着々と既成事実を構築していた明治2年9月4日、大村は京都三条木屋町上ルの旅館で刺客に襲われ重傷を負った。
English: According to the assassins' 'Zankan-jo,' or statement of reasons for carrying out an assassination, they were strongly opposed to Omura's radical reforms.
Japanese: 兇徒が所持していた「斬奸状」は、大村襲撃の理由が彼の急進開化主義に対する強い反感にあったことを表している。
English: Omura escaped death and was moved to the official residence in Yamaguchi Domain and after receiving treatment for a few days, he entered a hospital in Osaka where he was operated on by the Dutch physician Bauduin but his condition deteriorated and he died on December 7.
Japanese: 辛くも一命をとりとめた大村は山口藩邸に移送され、数日間の治療を受けた後、大坂の病院に入院し蘭医ボードウィンの手術を受けるが、11月5日容態が悪化し死去した。
English: His grandson Hiroto OMURA (the son of Masujiro's adopted son) was awarded a title of Viscount for Masujiro's achievement and joined the ranks of nobility in 1888.
Japanese: 明治21年（1888年）孫（養子の嫡男）の大村寛人は益次郎の功により子爵を授爵、華族に列せられた。
English: Omura's ideas for the military were completed by the Omura faction including Akiyoshi YAMADA, Mamoru FUNAKOSHI, Sukenori SOGA and Ichido HARADA, who submitted the "Outline of the Responsibilities of the Ministry of the Military," cosigned by Hyobu Shoyu Michitsune KOGA and Yamada, to the Council of State on November 18.
Japanese: 大村の軍制構想は山田顕義、船越衛、曽我祐準、原田一道等大村派によってまとめられ、同年11月18日には兵部少輔久我通久と山田の連署で『兵部省軍務ノ大綱』として太政官に提出されている。
English: Omura's 'universal conscription theory' was taken over by his successors in the Omura faction and conscription was begun in 1871, although it was cancelled later the same year.
Japanese: 大村の「農兵論」は彼の後継者である大村派へ引き継がれ、明治4年に辛未徴兵として施行されるも同年内には中止となる。
English: After leadership of the Military Ministry passed from Yamada's group to Aritomo YAMAGATA's group, conscription was reintroduced in 1873.
Japanese: その後、陸軍省内の主導権が山田等大村派から山県有朋らに引き継がれた後、明治6年（1873年）に徴兵令として続くこととなる。
English: He was one of the people (including Shigenobu OKUMA) who didn't appreciate Takamori SAIGO at all and likened him to Takauji ASHIKAGA, who rose up in revolt during the Kenmu Restoration.
Japanese: 西郷隆盛を全く評価していなかった1人であり（大隈重信も同様）、西郷を建武の新政で反旗を翻した足利尊氏に見立てていたという。
English: The young Kinmochi SAIONJI, who later became Prime Minister, studied under Omura and decided to call on him in Kyoto but, he met an old friend and didn't visit Omura, and therefore escaped being caught up in the assassination attempt on Omura.
Japanese: まだ若かった西園寺公望は大村に師事しており、京都にいた西園寺が大村を訪問しようとしたとき、旧友に会ったために訪問できなくなったところ、そのとき大村は刺客に襲われ、西園寺は巻き込まれずに済んだという説がある。
English: It is said that he was the composer of the first Japanese military march 'Tokotonyare-bushi' (Miyasan Miyasan), lyrics by Yajiro SHINAGAWA.
Japanese: 日本初の軍歌・行進曲とされる、品川弥二郎作詞の「トコトンヤレ節」（宮さん宮さん）の作曲者とも言われている。
English: But considering Japanese musical sensibility of that time, there is another theory that the march was composed much later.
Japanese: もっとも、当時の日本人の音楽感性の面から、成立年代をもっと後年とする説もある。
English: 'Omura Masujiro sensei guchi ato' (monument of Omura's provisional residence) is in front of Edobori Fukoku Seimei Building at Edobori, Nishi-ku, Osaka City.
Japanese: 大阪市西区(大阪市)江戸堀の江戸堀フコク生命ビル前に「大村益次郎先生寓地址」がある。
English: 'Hyobu taifu Omura Masujiro kyo junnan hokoku no hi' (monument of his deathplace) is at the Uemachi Crossing in Chuo-ku, Osaka City.
Japanese: 大阪市中央区(大阪市)上町交差点に「兵部大輔大村益次郎卿殉難報國之碑」がある。
English: 'OMURA Masujiro's vision of the establishment of the military: With the focus on the relationship between "Isshin-no-meigi" and the French-style military system' by Tomoyuki TAKEMOTO, "History of Military" volume 42 No.1, 2006
Japanese: 竹本知行「大村益次郎の建軍構想-『一新之名義』と仏式兵制との関連を中心に-」（『軍事史学』第42巻第1号、2006年）
English: "Kiheitai," year-end special period drama, Nippon Television Network, played by Tsurutaro KATAOKA
Japanese: 『奇兵隊(テレビドラマ)』（日本テレビ放送網年末時代劇スペシャル）…片岡鶴太郎
English: FUJIWARA no Yoritsune (February 12, 1219-September 8, 1256) was the 4th Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Kamakura Shogunate.
Japanese: 藤原頼経（ふじわらのよりつね、建保6年1月16日(旧暦)（1218年2月12日）-康元元年8月11日(旧暦)（1256年9月1日））は、鎌倉幕府4代征夷大将軍である。
English: As he came from the Kujo family, one of the five Sekke regent houses, he was also called Yoritsune KUJO, the Sekke Shogun.
Japanese: 五摂家のひとつ、九条家出身の摂家将軍で九条頼経（くじょうよりつね）とも呼ばれる。
English: His childhood name was Mitora (meaning three tigers) since he was born on the day, year and hour (4 am) of the Tiger.
Japanese: 生まれたのが寅年・寅日・寅刻だったので、幼名を三寅（みとら）と言った。
English: After MINAMOTO no Sanetomo was assassinated in 1219, the Hojo Clan, who served as regents (Shikken) for the Shogun, intended to install an imperial family member as Shogun, but Cloistered Emperor Gotoba rejected the idea.
Japanese: 建保7年（1219年）に源実朝が暗殺された後、鎌倉幕府の執権である北条氏は皇族を将軍に迎えようとしたが、後鳥羽上皇に拒否される。
English: Originally installed as a puppet Shogun by the Hojo clan, as he got older and reached higher rank, the opponents of the Hojo clan approached him, and he gradually enhanced his power base within the Shogunate.
Japanese: 当初は北条氏の担ぎ挙げた傀儡将軍であったが、歳を重ね官位を高めていくにつれ、北条氏に反対する勢力が接近するようになり、幕府内での権力基盤を徐々に強めていく。
English: Also, the fact that his father, Michiie, and his maternal grandfather, Kimitsune SAIONJI, as Kanto moshitsugi (the court official in charge of liaison with the Shogunate), began to exercise authority over the Shogunate and the Imperial Court became a serious problem.
Japanese: また、父の道家と外祖父の西園寺公経が関東申次として幕府・朝廷の双方に権力を振るい始めた事も深刻な問題と化してきた。
English: This became more so after Kimitsune, who had been mindful of the relationship with the Hojo clan. died and was succeeded as Kanto moshitsugi by Michiie KUJO, who was hostile to the Hojo clan and started to intervene in the Shogunate government.
Japanese: 特に北条氏との関係に配慮してきた公経が死去し、北条氏に反感を抱く九条道家が関東申次となると道家が幕政に介入を試みるようになってきた。
English: As a result, the relationship between Yoritsune and the Shikken, Tsunetoki HOJO, worsened and in 1244, influenced by a nightmare, he ceded the position of Shogun to FUJIWARA no Yoritsugu, his first son by his official wife.
Japanese: そのため、執権北条経時と険悪な関係となり、寛元2年（1244年）、悪夢を理由に将軍職を嫡男の藤原頼嗣に譲る。
English: Although he remained in Kamakura after that, a plan by opponents of the Hojo clan, including Mitsutoki NAGOE and centered on Yoritsune, to ostracize the Shikken was uncovered and he was sent back to Kyoto in 1246.
Japanese: その後も鎌倉に留まるが、名越光時ら反北条氏勢力による頼経を中心にした執権排斥の動きを察知され、寛元4年（1246年）に京都に送還される。
English: January 27, 1226, admitted to Shogoinoge (Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and made Konoe no shosho (Minor Captain of the Palace Guards).
Japanese: 嘉禄元年（1226年）1月27日(旧暦)、正五位下に叙し、近衛少将に任官。
English: Imperial Prince Munetaka (December 22, 1242-September 9, 1274) was the 6th Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Kamakura Shogunate, and the first from the Imperial family.
Japanese: 宗尊親王（むねたかしんのう、仁治3年11月22日(旧暦)（1242年12月15日）-文永11年8月1日(旧暦)（1274年9月2日））は、鎌倉幕府6代征夷大将軍で皇族での初めての征夷大将軍。
English: After the previous Shogun, FUJIWARA no Yoritsugu, was sent back to Kyoto, he was brought to Kamakura in May 1252 and made Seii taishogun at the age of 11.
Japanese: 前代将軍の藤原頼嗣が京に送還された後の建長4年（1252年）4月に鎌倉に迎えられ、11歳にして征夷大将軍となる。
English: Although the oldest son of Emperor Gosaga and favored by his father, his mother's low status meant he had little chance of ascending the throne, leading the Emperor to worry about his future.
Japanese: 親王は後嵯峨天皇の事実上の長子であり、父から寵愛されていたが母方の身分が低いために皇位継承の望みは絶望的であり、後嵯峨天皇は親王の将来を危惧していた。
English: Meanwhile, the regent for the Shogun, Tokiyori HOJO, sensing a crisis in the fact that Michiie KUJO (Yoritsugu's grandfather) controlled both the Shogun family and the Regent families and wanting to eliminate the Kujo clan from the political world, intervened in the Shogunate government.
Japanese: その一方で将軍家と摂関家の両方を支配する九条道家（頼嗣の祖父）による幕府政治への介入に危機感を抱いていた執権北条時頼も九条家を政界から排除したいという考えを持っていた。
English: At this point, the Emperor and Tokiyori shared a mutual interest, leading to the birth of the 'Imperial Shogun.'
Japanese: ここにおいて天皇と時頼の思惑が一致したため、「皇族将軍」誕生の運びとなったのである。
English: However, by this time the Shoguns had already become puppets of the Hojo clan and the Shogun had no power at all.
Japanese: しかし当時の幕府は既に北条氏による専制体制を整えていたため将軍には何ら権限は無かった。
English: As a result, the Kadan (waka poetry world) centering on the samurai families in Kamakura flourished, producing talented Gokenin (shogunate vassals) turned waka poets such as Mototsuna GOTO and Tadakage SHIMAZU.
Japanese: その結果、鎌倉における武家を中心とする歌壇が隆盛を極め、後藤基政・島津忠景ら御家人出身の有能な歌人が輩出された。
English: The Kamakura Kadan influenced the selection of the compilers of the "Shokukokin Wakashu," with the Prince himself having the most entries.
Japanese: 鎌倉歌壇は『続古今和歌集』の撰者の人選にも影響を及ぼし、親王自身も同集の最多入選歌人となっている。
English: In 1266, he was dismissed as Shogun and sent back to Kyoto, being suspected of treason.
Japanese: 文永3年（1266年）、謀叛の嫌疑をかけられ、将軍を解任されて京に送還される。
English: After he returned to Kyoto, he had a certain amount of power within the Imperial Court and colluded with anti-Hojo aristocrats to concentrate power in him.
Japanese: 帰京後は朝廷内に於いて一定の権限を持ち、反北条の貴族と結託し親王への権力集中を図る。
English: In addition, in 1272, after the death of Cloistered Emperor Gosaga, he was implicated in the Noritoki HOJO led 'February Rebellion,' made to enter the priesthood and banished to Sadogashima Island.
Japanese: 更に文永9年（1272年）、後嵯峨法皇の死の直後において「二月騒動（北条教時）」に連座し、出家させられ、佐渡島へ配流された。
English: There are many examples of what is considered to be Prince Munetaka's calligraphy including the Arisugawa kire (fragment), the Saibara kire, the Kokinshu kire, and the Kagurauta kire.
Japanese: 有栖川切、催馬楽切、古今集切、神楽歌切などがあり、これ以外にも宗尊親王真跡とされるものは数多く存在する。
English: In fact, many of them are classic examples of the Prince's much-loved Heian Period calligraphy and it is unclear which are Imperial Prince Munetaka's authentic calligraphy.
Japanese: だがその多くは、宗尊親王が愛玩あるいは愛好した平安時代の名筆と思われるものが多く含まれ、宗尊親王真跡であるか不明であるものが多いとされる。
English: Imperial Prince Koreyasu (June 2, 1264 - December 3, 1326) was the 7th Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Kamakura Shogunate.
Japanese: 惟康親王（これやすしんのう、文永元年4月29日(旧暦)（1264年5月26日）-嘉暦元年10月30日(旧暦)（1326年11月25日））は、鎌倉時代の幕府7代征夷大将軍である。
English: In August 1266, at the age of 3, he became Seii taishogun when Imperial Prince Munetaka was dismissed and sent back to Kyoto.
Japanese: 1266年（文永3）7月、宗尊親王が廃されて京都に送還されたことに伴い、3歳で征夷大将軍に就任した。
English: At first a plain Prince rather than an Imperial Prince, after becoming Seii taishogun he was made a commoner and received the surname, MINAMOTO, and used the name MINAMOTO no Koreyasu (a member of the Gosaga-Genji).
Japanese: 初めは親王宣下がなされず「惟康王」と呼ばれ、征夷大将軍に就任すると臣籍降下し源姓を賜与され、「源惟康」と名乗る（後嵯峨源氏）。
English: In September 1289, he was dismissed as Shogun and sent back to Kyoto because the Hojo clan, who controlled the Shogunate, wanted to make Imperial Prince Hisaaki (the son of Retired Emperor Gofukakusa) the next Shogun.
Japanese: 正応2年（1289年）9月、北条氏が将軍の長期在任を嫌い後深草上皇の皇子である久明親王の就任を望んだことから、将軍を解任され京に戻された。
English: In preparation for his dismissal, the Shogunate required him to regain Imperial status and he received the title Imperial Prince from the Emperor, becoming 'Prince Koreyasu.'
Japanese: その際、追放の下準備として幕府の要請により皇籍復帰し、朝廷より親王宣下がなされ、「惟康親王」と名乗った。
English: According to the "Masukagami" historical tale, he was sent back to Kyoto upside down on a crude 'wickerwork mikoshi portable shrine.'
Japanese: 『増鏡』によれば、粗末な「網代の御輿にさかさまに」乗せられて送還されたという。
English: July 6, 1287: Transferred to the position of Chunagon (middle counsellor) and also became Ukone no daisho (Major Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards).
Japanese: 弘安10年（1287年）6月6日、中納言に転任し、右近衛大将を兼任。
English: Imperial Prince Hisaaki (October 26, 1276 - November 24, 1328) was the 8th Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Kamakura Shogunate.
Japanese: 久明親王（ひさあきしんのう／ひさあきらしんのう、建治2年9月11日(旧暦)（1276年10月19日）-嘉暦3年10月14日(旧暦)（1328年11月16日））は、鎌倉幕府8代征夷大将軍。
English: He was the 6th son of the eighty-ninth Emperor, Gofukakusa, and his mother was Fusako in Junii (Junior Second Rank), a daughter of Naidaijin (minister), Kinchika SANJO.
Japanese: 第89代後深草天皇の第六皇子で、母は内大臣三条公親の娘・従二位房子。
English: In September, 1289, he became the Seii Taishogun when the previous Shogun, Imperial Prince Koreyasu was sent back to Kyoto.
Japanese: 正応2年（1289年）9月、前将軍惟康親王が京に送還されたことに伴い、征夷大将軍に就任した。
English: His reign as Shogun was unremarkable until his son, Imperial Prince Morikuni, succeeded him in August, 1308, when he was dismissed as Shogun by the Hojo clan, sent back to Kyoto and entered the priesthood.
Japanese: 子の守邦親王に代わるまで特に業績もなく、延慶(日本)元年（1308年）8月に北条氏によって将軍を解任され、京に送還され出家した。
English: During this period, Tokuso Sadatoki HOJO controlled the Shogunate, with the Shogun just a figurehead.
Japanese: 当時、幕府の実権は得宗・北条貞時が握っており、将軍は名目的な存在であった。
English: Saisho Jotai (1548 - March 23, 1608) was a Rinzai Sect monk who was active from the time of the Toyotomi regime to the Edo period.
Japanese: 西笑承兌（さいしょうじょうたい、天文(元号)17年（1548年）-慶長12年12月27日(旧暦)（1608年2月13日））は豊臣政権～江戸時代に活躍した臨済宗の僧。
English: He is known as one of the intellects of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's governments, playing an important role in drafting Shohatto laws and diplomatic documents, planning education promotion and temple administration, and conducting Buddhist rites such as Buddhist memorial services.
Japanese: 豊臣秀吉や徳川家康の知恵袋の一人として知られ、特に諸法度や外交文書の起草、学問奨励策や寺社行政の立案や、法要などの仏事の運営に重要な役割を果たした。
English: He became a priest at a young age and at first practiced Zen meditation under Ninjo Shugyo (1483 - 1574) of the Issanha sect, but in 1584, he started to live in the ruined Shokoku-ji Temple, then converted to the Musoha sect by becoming a disciple of Chuka Shoshun, rebuilt Shokoku-ji Temple and, the following year, he became the Rokuon Soroku, in charge of choosing head priests of Zen temples.
Japanese: 幼い時に出家し、はじめ一山派の仁如集堯（1483年-1574年）らに参禅して学んでいたが、天正12年(1584年)に荒廃していた相国寺に住するようになり、中華承舜の嗣法となって夢窓派に転じ、相国寺を再建、翌年には鹿苑僧録となった。
English: After that, he entered Nanzen-ji Temple but later became the Rokuon Soroku again as well as a political advisor to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: その後南禅寺に入ったが、後、再度、鹿苑僧録となり、豊臣秀吉の政治顧問となる。
English: He also published "Shueki" (Fushimi print, 1605), and is thus seen as the originator of the popularity of the modern art of divination.
Japanese: また、伏見版『周易』（1605年）の出版を行なったため、近世易学の隆盛の祖ともされている。
English: Toshimaro YOSHIDA (March 16, 1841 - July 8, 1864) was an activist of the Choshu Domain who was active in the late Edo period.
Japanese: 吉田稔麿（よしだとしまろ、天保12年閏1月24日(旧暦)（1841年3月16日）-元治元年6月5日(旧暦)（1864年7月8日））は、江戸時代後期、幕末の長州藩の活動家である。
English: Genzui KUSAKA, Shinsaku TAKASUGI and Toshimaro YOSHIDA are collectively known as The Three Greatest Descendants of Shoin.
Japanese: 久坂玄瑞、高杉晋作、そしてこの吉田稔麿を称して松陰門下の三秀という。
English: When Shoin was sent to jail for political crimes in 1858, Toshimaro left his master temporarily to protect his own relatives and family.
Japanese: 安政5年（1858年）に松陰に下獄の命が下されると、親族一門を守るために師の元を一時離れる。
English: However, there is a story that when Shoin was sent to Edo the following year, Toshimaro said goodbye through a hole in the wall of a neighboring house.
Japanese: が、翌年松陰が江戸に送られる際には隣家の塀の穴から見送ったとの逸話が残されている。
English: In November 1860, he left his Domain without permission but was pardoned in 1862.
Japanese: 万延元年（1860年）10月に脱藩するも、文久2年（1862年）には脱藩の罪を許される。
English: During the Ikedaya Incident (an armed encounter between Activists and the Shinsengumi special police) of July 8, 1864, YOSHIDA was at the inn, but had left temporarily to return to his quarters.
Japanese: 元治元年（1864年）6月5日の池田屋事件では吉田も出席していたが、一度屯所に戻るために席を外す。
English: When he later returned, he found the Ikedaya surrounded by the Shinsengumi and, after a hard fight, he was killed.
Japanese: しばらくして戻ると新撰組が池田屋の周辺を取り囲んでいて、吉田は奮闘の末、討ち死にする。
English: A recent theory has proposed that when YOSHIDA, who was at the Lord of Choshu's Kyoto mansion, heard about the incident from someone who had managed to escape, he headed to the Ikedaya but encountered a large force of soldiers from Aizu Domain and died in the ensuing battle.
Japanese: 最近の説では、長州藩邸に戻っていた吉田が脱出者から異変を聞き、池田屋に向かおうとするも加賀藩邸前で会津藩兵多数に遭遇し討ち死にした、とされている。