nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Court caps called Goryuei (literally, "standing ei"), whose ei did not hang down but stood on the head, finally appeared during this period, and this type of Court caps are still used by the current Emperor.
Japanese: ここに至って纓の先端が垂れずに頭上に上がったままの現在も天皇が被る御立纓（ごりゅうえい）の冠が登場した。
English: A Court cap roughly consists of three parts: the main part which covers the head, a koji where a topknot is kept, and a long strip of thin cloth called ei which hangs down to the back.
Japanese: 頭に被る部分と、巾子（こじ）と言って髷を納める部分、纓（えい）と言って背中にたらす長細い薄布の大きく三つの部分に分かれる。
English: More specifically, a Court cap consists of the following parts: hitai which refers to the upper part of the main part put on the head, tamaberi which refers to the brim of the main part (the front and the side of the brim are called iso, and the rear part is called umi), koji, etsubo which refers to the pocket in which an ei is inserted, esode which is also inserted in an etsubo, and ei.
Japanese: 細かく分ける場合、頭に被る部分の上部を額（ひたい）、縁を玉縁（たまべり/前面から側面を磯・後ろを海と呼ぶ）、巾子に、纓を入れる纓壺（えつぼ）、纓の根元にある纓壺に差し込む纓袖（えそで）、纓と呼び分ける。
English: A Court cap also has some accessories such as a string called ageo which is placed around the bottom of a koji, a kanzashi which is inserted into a topknot to fix it, and sort of ear covers made of horsehair tied up in fan-shape with strings called oikake (also known as koyurugi) which are used by military officers.
Japanese: 付属品として、巾子の根元に掛ける上緒（あげお）と言う紐、髷を貫いて留めるための簪（かんざし）、武官が冠につける緌（糸偏に委/おいかけ・こゆるぎ/老懸とも）と言う馬の毛を扇形に束ねた紐付きの耳当てのようなものなどがある。
English: People also attach fresh flowers or artificial flowers, called kazashi to ageo at some ceremonies.
Japanese: 儀式によっては挿頭（かざし）と呼ぶ生花や造花を上緒に挟み込むこともある。
English: Shapes of Japanese Court caps have had no remarkable differences between ages or ranks since the middle of the Heian period.
Japanese: 少なくとも平安時代中期以降、日本の冠の形状は基本的に身分や年齢による大きな差異はない。
English: However, materials and finishes of a hitai and an ei represent a person's rank or age; for example, material called yotsubishimon is used for those who are at the Fifth Rank or higher.
Japanese: しかし、材質（五位以上は四菱紋）や額や纓の処理によって着用者の身分や年齢を示す。
English: Court caps for military officers were called keneikan (literally, "rolling ei cap"), and their ei were rolled up inward and fastened with an ebasami, a black lacquered wood piece with a cut.
Japanese: 武官の冠は纓を内巻きにして纓挟（えばさみ）という木製黒漆塗りの切れ込みを入れた木片で留める巻纓冠（けんえいかん）である。
English: Jigejin, those who were not allowed to access to the Court, also wore Court caps with saiei (narrow ei) rolled up inward.
Japanese: 昇殿許可の無い地下人でも、幅の狭い細纓（さいえい）を同じく内側に巻き上げて着用した。
English: There was also an accessory specially for military officers called oikake, a fan-shaped decoration made by tying up horsehair like a brush, but its purpose of use is still unknown.
Japanese: さらに、武官のみの付属品として老懸（おいかけ）という馬の毛をブラシのように束ねて扇形に開いた用途不明の飾りがある。
English: (Some people think an oikake represents spreaded strings that were tied up into a bundle, or oikake were used by soldiers who had lived in the northern China, but both were uncertain.)
Japanese: （紐の結び余りをさばいた様子を表現したものとも中国北方の兵士が耳当てに用いたものとの説もあるが定かではない。）
English: An emperor and civil officers used Court caps called suieikan, whose ei hung down to the back.
Japanese: 天皇以下、文官の冠は纓をそのまま垂らした垂纓冠（すいえいかん）である。
English: However, in case of emergency such as a fire at the Imperial Palace, both military officers and civil officers fixed ei with a piece of plain wood which was made by tearing off a fan of cypress, and they called this kashiwabasami (it is said they rolled up ei outward or they just folded the ei).
Japanese: ただし、内裏の火事などの緊急時のみ文武官でも柏挟（かしわばさみ）と称して檜扇を裂いた白木の木片などで纓を固定する（こちらは外巻きとも畳み込むだけとも言う）。
English: It is said that civil officers also wore keneikan during ryoan (Court mourning of close relatives of an emperor), but there is a possibility that it is confounded with kashiwabasami.
Japanese: また、天皇近親者の喪である諒闇（りょうあん）に際しては文官も巻纓冠を着用するが、柏挟との混同の可能性もある。
English: Since the Edo period, successive emperors have used Court caps called goryuei (literally, "standing ei"), whose ei stands on the head.
Japanese: 江戸時代以降の天皇の冠は纓が上に上がったままのため御立纓の冠という。
English: Unique pattern of one of Gosekke which served as a kanmuri-oya was used, but the 16-petal chrysanthemum crest has been always used since the reign of Emperor Taisho.
Japanese: 文様は冠親である五摂家いずれか固有のものを使うが、大正天皇以降は菊花紋章に固定されている。
English: Court caps which have tall iso (the part from the front to the side of a cap's main part) are called atsubitai, and Court caps which have short iso are called usubitai.
Japanese: 冠本体上部の前面から側面に当たる部分（磯）が高いタイプを厚額（あつびたい）、低いタイプを薄額（うすびたい）と言う。
English: Originally, only people at daijin (minister) or higher positions were allowed to use atsubitai, but after the end of the Heian period, the role of atsubitai had changed and they became caps simply for elder people.
Japanese: 厚額は本来大臣以上にのみ許されていたものであるが、平安時代末期以降は単に年長者用の冠へと位置づけが変化した。
English: Atsubitai was also known as toobitai, but after the end of the Heian period, the term "toobitai" began to represent a Court cap which had a half-moon or crescent-shaped hole on the top of a usubitai covered by ra or silk gauze.
Japanese: また、本来厚額の別名であった透額だが、同じく平安時代末期以降は薄額の上部に半月形もしくは弦月形の穴を開けて羅あるいは紗を張ったものを指す様になった。
English: Generally, retired emperors, princes, and male nobles wore Court caps at official occasions and eboshi (formal headwear for Court nobles) at private occasions, with matching Heian costumes respectively.
Japanese: 通常、上皇・皇太子以下男性貴族は公的な場に冠・私的な場に烏帽子を対応する平安装束と共に使い分けていた。
English: As his long ei might bother him while in ritual ceremonies or at meals, the ei was folded in some special manners.
Japanese: 神事や食事などの際は、長い纓が邪魔になるためそれぞれ特殊な手段で処理していた。
English: This is a Court cap whose koji and ei were fixed together with a clip called koji-gami which was made with gold foil-covered, two-ply danshi (fine crepe paper) with a square hole on its center.
Japanese: 中心に四角く穴を開けた檀紙二枚を重ねて金箔を張った巾子紙（こじがみ）と呼ばれる留め具に、巾子ごと纓を挟んだもの。
English: This is a Court cap with no crest which is worn by an emperor at significant ritual ceremonies, with its ei folding over on his head to fix it together with koji with a band of white silk.
Japanese: 天皇が重要な神事において無紋の冠を被り、纓をいったん頭上に上げて折り返し、巾子ごと白い平絹の帯で結んだもの。
English: It is said that this style imitated a headband that a priest used at ritual ceremonies in ancient Japan.
Japanese: 古代日本の神事において、祭司が巻いた鉢巻を再現したものとも言われる。
English: Naoko OGIMACHI (December 14, 1803 - August 6, 1856) was Nyoin (a woman bestowed with the title "in") in the late Edo period.
Japanese: 正親町雅子（おおぎまちなおこ、享和3年11月1日(旧暦)（1803年12月14日）-安政3年7月6日(旧暦)（1856年8月6日））は、江戸時代後期の女院。
English: In 1820, she was received at the court of Emperor Ninko and became "Gon no naishi no suke" (a temporary maid of honor); She was promoted to "Naishi no suke" (a court lady of the first rank) in 1821.
Japanese: 1820年（文政3年）仁孝天皇の後宮に入って権典侍となり、翌1821年（文政4年）典侍となる。
English: In 1842, she was given the title "Shogoinoge"(Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade); She called herself "Todainagon no tsubone" the next year.
Japanese: 1842年（天保13年）正五位下に叙され、翌1843年（天保14年）には藤大納言局と称した。
English: Since she was given the title "Jugo" in 1850, when the Imperial letter was issued to permit her to use the title "in," she called herself "Shintaikenmonin."
Japanese: 1850年（嘉永3年）准后となって院号宣下があって新待賢門院と号した。
English: Emperor Taisho was the third Imperial prince and was supposed to be the head of one of Jikimiyakes, but became the Crown Prince because his two older brothers had died young.
Japanese: 大正天皇は第三皇子であり、本来ならば明治天皇の直宮家の一つの当主であったが、二人の兄が夭折したため皇太子となった。
English: In cases where the Crown Prince has his own imperial princes, his eldest son becomes the Crown Prince when his father is enthroned, but imperial princes other than the eldest son do not necessarily establish an independent Miyake at the time of their father's enthronement.
Japanese: 皇太子に親王が存在する場合、長男は父である皇太子の即位に伴って皇太子となるが、次男以下の親王は父の即位と同時に直宮家を創設し独立するわけではない。
English: This refers to the disinheritance of a heir to the throne, such as a crown prince or dauphin, or such person who was deposed of the title.
Japanese: 皇太子、王太子など皇位、王位継承者がその位を廃されることであり、廃された本人をもそう呼ぶ。
English: Although many of the disinheritance cases resulted from imperial-court or political strives, as in the example of Sun He, who was a prince of Wu who lived in the Three Kingdoms period (China), heirs were often disinherited because they were deemed incompetent as a crown prince on an emergent basis.
Japanese: 中国三国時代(中国)の呉(三国)の太子孫和の例など、宮廷闘争や政争の結果として発生することが多いが、対象者が実際に皇位・王位継承者として不適格であるがゆえに緊急避難的措置として行われる場合もしばしば存在する。
English: The examples of incompetence include a political stance different from the emperor or king, who is his father, or characteristic or behavioral abnormalities such as violence or incontinence, which lead to disinheritance in general described earlier.
Japanese: 不適格の例としては一般的な廃嫡と同じく、上記とも関連してくるが、父親である皇帝・国王との政治的意見の対立、粗暴・淫乱など人格・素行的な欠陥などである。
English: Even when a prince himself is decent and healthy, he could still be disinherited if he did not have a heir, especially a son, or due to the troubles arising from his marriage and their consequences.
Japanese: 本人の素行や健康に問題がなくとも、後継者たる子、特に男子がないこと、婚姻問題やそれに付随して発生する諸問題も廃太子の原因となりうる。
English: In the Former Han dynasty of ancient China, there was a prince who could not receive investiture of the crown prince or ascend the throne due to the troubles at his wife's parents' home, despite his distinguished service in defeating maternal relatives (Lu shi).
Japanese: 古代中国の前漢時代には、妃の実家の問題を理由に、外戚（呂氏）一族討伐における多大な功績にもかかわらず立太子・即位できなかった皇子も存在する。
English: Because a prince is the successor of an emperor or king, who is the leader of a country, and gives a great impact on his environment, he is judged by severer standards than those applied to heirs of other important families or aristocrats, and a minor misconduct which may be acceptable for aristocrats in general could often lead to disinheritance.
Japanese: 太子は一国の元首たる皇帝、国王の後継者であり、周囲に与える影響が絶大であるだけに、通常の名家・貴族の嫡子よりも相当に厳しい基準で判断され、一般の貴族なら容認される程度の不行跡でも廃されるケースがままある。
English: On the other hand, if a prince is disinherited carelessly, the selection of his successor could raise havoc in the imperial court and its environment, or even cause a civil war or disruption of the country in the worst-case scenario.
Japanese: その一方でうかつに実施した場合、後任の太子の人選によっては宮廷内外に大混乱、最悪の場合内乱や国家の分裂を引き起こす可能性がある。
English: In the example of Sun He earlier mentioned, the conflict between the Sun He faction and the Sun Ba (who was Sun He's younger brother) faction was caused by the Emperor Sun Quan, who was their father who favored Sun Ba.
Japanese: 冒頭の孫和の例でも、父である皇帝孫権が孫和の弟の孫覇を寵愛したことから孫和派と孫覇派の抗争が起こった。
English: When the conflict lead to a national disruption, the old Sun Quan used the last resort and disinherited Sun He (conflict of two princes. Sun Ba was also punished, and the third prince became the crown prince.)
Japanese: 国家が大混乱に陥ったことから老境に入った孫権が最終手段として廃太子に踏み切ったものである（二宮の変。孫覇も同時に処断され第三の皇子が太子となった）。
English: Most of them resulted from the political strives involving the Fujiwara clan or the conflicts in the imperial court.
Japanese: そしてそのほとんどが、平安時代における藤原氏が関係する政争、あるいは宮廷闘争の結果である。
English: There are additional cases in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), including the Imperial Prince Naohito, who was deposed as a result of the military defeat rather than by political reasons.
Japanese: また、南北朝時代(日本)にも直仁親王など複数の例が存在し、こちらは政治的な要素もさることながら、軍事的敗北の結果としての要素が強い。
English: The cases of deposed/disinheritance of a crown prince in Japan are quite different from those in other countries in that they do not necessarily mean the end of the political life of the prince.
Japanese: なお、日本における廃太子は諸国の例と大きく異なり、廃太子が政治生命の終焉を意味しない場合も見られる。
English: As in the example of the Imperial Prince Tsunesada, who lived in the Heian period, there are some cases in which a once deposed prince was requested to ascend the throne.
Japanese: 平安期の恒貞親王のように廃された後で再び即位を要請されているケースも存在する。
English: For information, the current Imperial House Law of Japan prohibits a crown prince's secession from the Imperial Family, or his declining the right of succession to the Imperial Throne.
Japanese: ちなみに、現在の日本の皇室典範では皇太子の皇籍離脱は認められておらず、皇位継承権の辞退もできない。
English: This is to prevent a 'voluntary' secession resulting from a conspiracy or plot.
Japanese: これは陰謀や奸計などにより「自発的に」そうさせないための規定である。
English: In addition, it is stipulated that if an imperial heir has a fatal mental or physical illness, or met a fatal accident, the Imperial Household Council can alter the succession order to the throne.
Japanese: また、皇嗣に精神若しくは身体の不治の重患があり、又は重大な事故があるときは、皇室会議の議により、皇位継承の順序を変えることができると定められている。
English: In the old system, the former Imperial House Law article 52 defined the disciplinary punishment for the Imperial Family members including the deposition of privileges, and it was legally viable to disinherit a crown prince.
Japanese: なお、旧制度下においては、旧皇室典範第52条が特権の剥奪等も含めた皇族に関する懲戒を定めており、廃太子も法的に可能であった。
English: One theory says that Rokujo no Miya was the earliest Miyake, but in present academic societies, most deny this theory.
Japanese: 宮家の最も早い例とする説もあるが、現在の学会では否定する意見の方が強い。
English: Imperial Prince Masanari, the Imperial Prince of Emperor Gotoba and the younger maternal half-brother of Emperor Juntoku, became the adopted child of Imperial Princess Senyomonin Kinshi after his birth in 1200, and he was given the title of Imperial Prince when he was five.
Japanese: 後鳥羽天皇皇子で順徳天皇の同母弟・雅成親王は正治2年（1200年）の誕生直後、宣陽門院覲子内親王の養子となり、5歳の時に親王宣下を受けた。
English: During this time, Imperial Prince Masanari grew up at 'Rokujodono,' Senyomonin's Imperial Palace, and hence he was called 'Rokujo no Miya.'
Japanese: この時、雅成親王は宣陽門院の御所である「六条殿」で成長していたため「六条宮」と呼称されていた。
English: Later, he was exiled to Tajima Province for awhile, implicated with his older brother Emperor Juntoku due to the Jokyu War, but he later returned to the capital and lived at Rokujoden again.
Japanese: その後、雅成親王は承久の乱により兄・順徳天皇に連座して一時但馬国に流されたが、後に帰京し、再び六条殿に住まいしていた。
English: However, looking at the fact that the sons of Imperial Prince Masanari, such as Gon no Sojo (highest ranking priest, next to sojo) Genku (different person from Honen) and monk-Imperial Prince Chokaku, did not announce their name as 'Rokujo no Miya,' it is more strongly believed that Rokujo no Miyake was a name only for Imperial Prince Masanari, and is different from the present notion of Miyake (house of an imperial prince).
Japanese: しかし、雅成親王の子息である権僧正源空（法然とは別人）、澄覚法親王は「六条宮」を名乗っていないことから、六条宮家は雅成親王単独の号であったと考えられ、現在の概念の宮家とは別の物とする意見が強い。
English: The Imperial Prince of Emperor Juntoku, Prince Tadanari, was born as a son of 'Lord Jyunsanmi (Junior Third Rank) Kiyosuke,' the court lady who accompanied Emperor Jutoku to Sadoga-shima island where he was deported.
Japanese: 順徳天皇皇子・忠成王は、順徳天皇流刑先の佐渡島で流刑先へ供奉した女房「従三位清季卿女」を母として誕生した。
English: Later, the background is unknown, but he went to Kyoto, and on Febuary 1247, he is thought to have secretly celebrated his attainment of manhood at the discretion of TAIRA no Tsunetaka ("Yokoki").
Japanese: その後経緯不詳ながら上洛し、宝治元年（1247年）2月に平経高の計らいにより密かに元服したとされる（『葉黄記』）。
English: According to "Honcho koin jounroku" (the Emperor's family tree, made in the Muromachi period) he is said to have announced his name as 'Iwakuramiya' and 'Kogoshomiya.'
Japanese: 『本朝皇胤紹運録』によればこの後「岩倉宮」また「広御所宮」を名乗ったという。
English: Prince Tadanari died in 1279, but his child, Takatada, is said to have later become a gon no sojo (highest ranking priest, next to a sojo) of Kajii-monzeki Temple, and announced his name as 'Iriemiya', 'Kogoshomiya', and 'Iwakuramiya' ("Kajii Enyu-bo Temple Reign Imperial Prince Den").
Japanese: 忠成王は弘安2年に没したが、一子尊忠は後に梶井門跡の権僧正となり、「入江宮」「広御所宮」「岩倉宮」を名乗ったという（『梶井円融房在位親王伝』）。
English: From the fact that both Prince Tadanari and Takatada, parent and son, announced the same reigning name, there is a view that Iwakuramiya was the first hereditary court noble, but on the other hand, the material in the Imperial Household Regency "Koshitsueidoshiryo" takes a cautious view on looking at Iwakuramiya as one of the Miyake.
Japanese: 忠成王、尊忠と親子で同じ宮号を名乗ったことから、岩倉宮を最初の世襲宮家と見る意見がある一方、宮内庁の資料『皇室制度資料』では岩倉宮を宮家の一つとしてみることに対して慎重な見解を取っている。
English: It is just a guess that the origin of the reigning name 'Iwakura' and 'Kogosho' is an address or demesne (land attached to a manor and retained by the owner for their own use), and the details are unknown.
Japanese: 「岩倉」「広御所」とも宮号の由来は居所か領地に縁があると推測されるのみで、詳細は未詳である。
English: Although Nos. 119 to 122 in the volume two of Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) are the romantic poems exchanged between her and Yuge no miko (the Prince Yuge), there are no historical documentation that attests to their marriage.
Japanese: 弓削皇子からの相聞歌が万葉集2・119～122にあるが、弓削皇子と結婚したという史料はない。
English: One theory has it that she married the Emperor Monmu ("Yomi no Okimi," Takeshi UMEHARA), but the truth is unknown.
Japanese: 文武天皇の妻になったという説（梅原猛『黄泉の王』）もあるがこれも真相は不明である。
English: Manyoshu states that she was blamed for marrying Takayasu no okimi (the Prince Takayasu), but one theory (by Noboru YOSHINAGA) has it that it was Taki no himemiko (the Princess Taki) who married him.
Japanese: また万葉集には高安王に嫁いで責められたとあるが、これは紀皇女ではなく託基皇女ではないかという説（吉永登）もある。
English: The Prince Kibumi (year of birth unknown - July 28, 757) was a member of the Imperial Family who lived in the Nara period.
Japanese: 黄文王（きぶみおう、?～天平宝字元年（757年）7月4日(旧暦)）は、奈良時代の皇族。
English: He survived the Nagayao no Hen (Conspiracy of Nagayao) occurred in 729 because he was a sotomago (grandchild from a daughter married into another family) of FUJIWARA no Fuhito.
Japanese: 729年（天平元年）のときの長屋王の変では、藤原不比等の外孫であったために死を免れる。
English: He was appointed to shozokushi (an official who handled important rituals) on the deaths of the Empress Gensho on April 22, 748 and the Emperor Shomu on May 3, 756.
Japanese: 748年4月22日の元正天皇崩御、756年5月3日の聖武天皇崩御に際しては装束司に任命されている。
English: When the revolt of TACHIBANA no Naramaro broke out in 757, he was pressed to be on the Imperial Throne by Naramaro.
Japanese: 757年（天平宝字元年）橘奈良麻呂の乱のとき、奈良麻呂により皇位に擁せられた。
English: But when the Prince Asukabe, who was his older brother, made a confession, he was captured, forced to change his name to Kunatabure (stubbornly mad), then tortured to death.
Japanese: だが、兄の安宿王が白状したため捕らえられ、久奈多夫礼（頑に狂った者の意）と改名させられた後、拷問を受けて死亡した。
English: It was mainly used to convey the emperor's intention for a specific person and organization.
Japanese: 主に特定の人物・組織などを対象に天皇の意思を伝えるために用いられた。
English: After seeking its origin through "Nihon Shoki" and other history books, it is found that Kinsekibun (words written on metal or stones) is used at the epitaph of Funeno Ogo, who was reburied in the Emperor Tenmu era, saying Funeno Ogo is granted the post by the Choku of the Emperor Jomei.
Japanese: 『日本書紀』などに由来が求められるが、金石文としては天武天皇の時代に改葬された船王後の墓誌に、船王後が舒明天皇より勅によって位を与えられたことが記載されている。
English: After the Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code) was established, it mainly meant the Chokusho such as Chokushi based on Kushiki-ryo (law on state documentary forms in the Yoro Code).
Japanese: 大宝律令の制定後は公式令(律令法)に基づいて出された勅旨などの勅書のことを主に指した。
English: In addition, in the Nara period 764, Chokushi-sho (Bureau of Edicts), which was in charge of the implementation of Choku and Chokusho as well as the supply goods for the emperor and the imperial court, was set.
Japanese: また、奈良時代の天平宝字8年（764年）には勅及び勅書の遂行と天皇及び宮中の用度を担当する勅旨省（ちょくししょう/てしのつかさ）が設置されていたことがある。
English: However, it was abolished together with Zogusho (Ministry of Making and Mending Palaces) during the public administration restructure in 782.
Japanese: しかし、延暦元年（782年）の行政整理の際に造宮省とともに廃止されている。
English: The Imperial Throne is synonymous with the word 'Mikurai' that denotes sitting on "Takamikura" (the Emperor's high seat in the ceremony of the sovereign) which also means the Imperial Throne.
Japanese: 皇位は「御座居」（みくらい）の意味で、天皇の玉座である高御座に居るという意味である。
English: To succeed to the Imperial Throne from the previous Emperor is called "the succession to the Imperial Throne" or "Koi wo fumu"(stepping up to the Imperial Throne).
Japanese: 前天皇から皇位を受け継ぐことを皇位継承、または「皇位を踏む」ともいう。
English: The Constitution of Japan and the Imperial House Act that took effect in 1947 provide that the position of Emperor (the Imperial Throne) is subject to consensus of Japanese citizens, and that, as for the Imperial succession, a son in the male line who belongs to the Imperial lineage (genealogically the direct descendant in the main branch of the family of Emperor Jinmu) should succeed to the throne.
Japanese: 1947年に施行された日本国憲法及び皇室典範では、天皇の地位（皇位）は、主権の存する日本国民の総意にもとづくものとされ、皇位継承に関しては、皇統（系図上神武天皇の嫡流の子孫である血筋）に属する男系の男子が世襲するものと規定している。
English: It is not permitted that Emperor hands over the Imperial Throne to another person during his life time (the Imperial House Act, Article 4).
Japanese: また、天皇が存命中に皇位を他者に譲ること（譲位）は認められていない（皇室典範第四条）。
English: To take responsibility for these treasures from the previous Emperor and maintain them was believed to be a proof of the legitimate Emperor.
Japanese: これらを前天皇から受け継ぎ、所持することが正統たる天皇の証とされた。
English: However, we should bear in mind that having the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family is not always the crucial condition of the succession to the Imperial throne, as there was a case that Emperor Gotoba even without the three treasures succeeded to the throne.
Japanese: ただし、後鳥羽天皇のように三種の神器を持たなくても即位した例があるので、必ずしもこれらが皇位継承の絶対条件ではないことに注意する必要がある。
English: It is described in Ryonoshuge (Commentaries on the Civil Statutes) that he was the child of Emperor Suinin, but since there was a member of the Imperial family who had the same name that lived during the period of Emperor Yuraku, whether if they were the same person, or the name had been succeeded for a number of generations, or if the name of the Emperor was a mistake, is unknown.
Japanese: 令集解では垂仁天皇の子とされるが、雄略天皇の時代にも同名の皇族がおり、同一人物か、名が数代継がれていたのか、天皇の名前が間違いなのか、不明。
English: From the beginning, Hijikiwake from Iga Province served in hinkyu (funeral parlor) (Arakinomiya or Mogarinomiya) of the Emperor, but when Emperor Yuraku passed away, the family had died out, so Tsuburameo who chanced to have taken the daughter of Hijikiwake as his wife was made to serve.
Japanese: もともと、伊賀国の比自支和気（ひじきわけ）が天皇の殯宮（あらきのみや、もがりのみや）に奉仕していたが、雄略天皇が崩御した時に、一族が絶えていた為、たまたま、比自支和気の娘を妻としていた円目王が奉仕させられた、という。
English: The emperor at the time (Emperor Seinei?) ordered "Play until the hair on the hands and feet become as long as eight times the size of your fists", and the descendants of Tsuburameo were spared of assignments and became Asobibe for generations.
Japanese: 時の帝（清寧天皇か？）は『手足の毛が八束毛になるまで遊べ』と勅し、円目王の子孫が、課役を免ぜられ、代々遊部となったという。
English: Besides his closest relatives, Asobibe were those who seclude themselves in the death of an Emperor; they had roles of going into the funeral parlor in pairs and served for the dead Emperor; the one with the sword and the shield were called Negi, and the one with the sword and provide sake and women were called Yohi or Yoshi, and performed ceremonies so that the spirit of the dead (the spirit of kyorei) would not do harm.
Japanese: 遊部は、天皇の喪に籠もる一番近い肉親以外で、殯宮に入り、崩御した天皇に2人1組で仕える役で、刀と矛を持つのが禰義（ねぎ）、刀と酒食を持つのが余比（よひ、よし）と言い、死者の魂（凶癘魂：きょうれいのたましい）が荒振らないように鎮魂の儀式を行う。
English: It is said that Asobibe lived in Kashihara City, Yamato Province, and it is identified with Kashihara City Shibuncho.
Japanese: 遊部は大和国高市郡に居住していたと言われ、橿原市四分町が比定されている。
English: It is unknown whether if there were any common meanings between Asobibe and the name Asome that performed Narukama Shinji Ritual.
Japanese: 遊部と、鳴釜神事に仕える阿曽女との名前に何か共通の意味があるのかは不明。
English: Since the shrine still exist today, it is unknown whether if it was a mistake that the family has died out, or if the descendants of Tsuburameo and his wife has expanded and worshipped Hijiki no kami.
Japanese: 神社が今も存在することから、一族が絶えたのが間違いなのか、円目王と妻の子孫が殖え、奉祭したのか不明。
English: In addition, Tsurugine no mikoto, a dojin (God that preside over soil) of Kazuraki region is also enshrined together for some reason, and because Emperor Yuraku is involved, the relationship between Tsuburameo and Katsuragi no tsubura no oomi who had similar names, is interesting.
Japanese: また、何故か、葛城地方の土神の剣根命も合祀されており、名が似ている円目王と葛城円大臣との関係も、雄略天皇に関係しているだけに、興味深い。
English: The Taijoko is the honorary title given to a retired emperor or empress in his or her life.
Japanese: 太上皇（たいじょうこう）は、退位した存命の皇帝に送られる尊号のことである。
English: Chinese taijoko are the Emperor Hui in West Jin (West Jin), Li Yuan in Tang, Yejong (Tang), Xuan Zong (Tang), Gao Zong in Southern Sung (Sung), Yingzong of Ming (Ming), Qian Long of Ching, etc.
Japanese: 西晋の恵帝(西晋)、唐の李淵、睿宗(唐)、玄宗(唐)、南宋の高宗(宋)、明の英宗(明)、清の乾隆帝等がいる。