nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Recently, however, there is an opinion that it was a preliminary period to convert it into the system of the dynasty state lead by Michizane, and that details were not known because Tokihira destroyed the political records by Michizane.
Japanese: しかし近年、道真主導による王朝国家体制への転換準備期であったが、時平により道真の政治の記録が抹殺されたため詳細が不明となっていたにすぎないとする意見が出されている。
English: Konin-Jogan culture is considered in Japanese history to be the culture that flourished in Japan during the Konin and Jogan era of the early Heian period (about the ninth century).
Japanese: 弘仁・貞観文化（こうにん・じょうがんぶんか）とは、日本史において、弘仁・貞観_(日本)年間を中心とする平安時代前期（ほぼ9世紀に相当）の文化。
English: In Japanese art history, the term 'Konin-Jogan Culture' has become less common from the end of the twentieth century, and the term 'early Heian period' is commonly used.
Japanese: なお、日本美術史では20世紀末頃から「弘仁・貞観時代」という表記をあまり用いなくなり、「平安時代前期」と称することが多くなっている。
English: There were more temples built in mountainous areas such as Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei and Kongobu-ji Temple on Mt. Koya, and these were different from temples built in Asuka or Heijokyo (ancient Nara) and had a more free outlay of temple buildings.
Japanese: 比叡山延暦寺や高野山金剛峯寺など山中に寺院が建立されることが多くなり、飛鳥や平城京に建立された寺院と異なり自由な伽藍配置となっている。
English: Regarding Buddha statues, Buddha statues made of copper coated with gold, Kanshitsuzo (a method of making a Buddha statue, which is made of canvas and Japanese lacquer, and inside of the statue is cavity) and molded statues became less popular and the majority became wooden statues, with characteristic Ichibokuzukuri (a method of making a Buddha statue from one piece of wood) and Honba-shiki (rippling style), where the clothing has undulating waves.
Japanese: 仏像は前代に流行した金銅仏、乾漆造、塑造などが影をひそめて木造が主流となり、一木造で、着衣が波打つ翻波式が特徴。
English: Prominent aristocrats had a private dorm oratory facility called Daigaku-besso for the education of their children and this later became affiliated with the Daigaku-ryo (Bureau of Education under the ritsuryo system).
Japanese: 有力貴族は子弟の教育のため大学別曹という私的な寄宿施設を設け、後に大学寮の付属となった。
English: Kobun-in, established by WAKE no Hiroyo, Kangaku-in, established by FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu, Gakkan-in, established by TACHIBANA no Kachiko and TACHIBANA no Ujikimi, and Shogaku-in, established by ARIWARA no Yukihira are four of the most famous Daigaku-besso.
Japanese: 大学別曹としては、和気広世創立の弘文院、藤原冬嗣創立の勧学院、橘嘉智子・橘氏公創立の学館院、在原行平創立の奨学院の4つが有名。
English: The subjects were Kidendo, which was the study of Chinese history and literature, Myobodo, the study of law, Myogyodo, the study of Confucianism, Sando, the study of mathematics (Kidendo was the most important).
Japanese: 教科には中国史や漢文学を学ぶ紀伝道が成立し、法律を学ぶ明法道・儒学を学ぶ明経道・数学を学ぶ算道と共に教えられた（特に重視されたのは紀伝道）。
English: Kukai established the Shugei-shuchi-in for the education of the ordinary public.
Japanese: 一般庶民のための教育機関としては、空海が創立した綜芸種智院があった。
English: The Kuraryo is an institution affiliated with the Ministry of Central Affairs of the Ritsuryo system during the Ritsuryo system period of Japan.
Japanese: 内蔵寮（くらりょう）は律令制日本の律令制において中務省に属した機関。
English: The origins of the Kuraryo can be traced to Uchikura, which is one of the Mitsunokura (Okura, Uchikura, and Imikura) that existed before the Ritsuryo system,
Japanese: 内蔵寮の起源は律令制以前の三蔵、大蔵（おおくら）・内蔵（うちくら）・斎蔵（いみくら）の一つである内蔵にさかのぼる。
English: The Uchikura is thought to have existed around the period of Emperor Richu as a storage place to manage the Emperor's family's treasures and continued to exist as an institution within the Ministry of Central Affairs even after the Ritsuryo system started.
Japanese: 内蔵は履中天皇の時代に遡るとも言われ、天皇家の財宝を管理する倉庫で律令施行後も中務省の一機関として存続した。
English: The official duties of the Kuraryo are accounting duties related to the Emperor's family such as managing the Emperor's family fortune which included gold, silver and silk sent by the Ministry of Finance for running the court, the keeping of treasures, grants to courtiers, and procurement.
Japanese: 内蔵寮の職掌は大蔵省より宮廷運営のために送付された金銀絹などをはじめとする天皇家の財産管理・宝物の保管・官人への下賜・調達など天皇家関係の出納事務である。
English: Therefore, it was extremely important and continued under the Kurodo dokoro (the institution where the Imperial archives were kept) with a certain degree of importance even after the Ritsuryo system stooped functioning.
Japanese: そのため､非常に重用され、律令制が機能しなくなって以後も蔵人所の管轄下で一定の存在意義をもって活動していた。
English: Kuraryo had a large overlap with the Finance Ministry of the Ritsuryo system, which did the accounting and the Naishoryo (the institution where the furnishings and formality goods of the Imperial Family were made), which was the core of the government-run craft centers, and government-regulated organizations changed frequently.
Japanese: 国家の出納事務を行う大蔵省律令制における大蔵省や官営工房の中核である内匠寮と重複する部分も多く官制は度々変化した。
English: As the Ritsuryo system declined and the court itself started to function as the institution to manage the Emperor's family's household, it became tradition for the position of Kuranokami (the chief of Kuraryo) to be filled by court officials of the fourth rank that had previously been Kurodonoto (the chief of Kurodo Dokoro) or worked in the Benkan (clerical section) or Konoefu (Imperial palace guards), and then in the period of governments by cloistered emperors became a position for prominent Zuryo (head of provincial government) with strong financial power, and in the early Muromachi period, the Yamashina family held the position together with the position, Mizushidokoro Betto (superintendent of the cooking section for the emperor), and it has been essentially their hereditary post ever since.
Japanese: 律令制の衰退によって朝廷自体が天皇家の家政機関としての色彩を強めてくると、内蔵頭には蔵人頭や弁官・近衛府を歴任した四位の殿上人が就任するのが慣例となり、更に院政期には財力を有する有力な受領に移り、室町時代初期には山科家の当主が御厨子所別当を兼務して就任するようになると、以後同家の事実上の世襲となった。
English: Although this position was abolished with the government system reforms that took place during the Meiji Restoration, in conforming with the plan by Hirofumi ITO to 'separate the court and government,' it was reinstated as an institution within the Imperial Household Ministry in 1884 and continued until the ministry was abolished in 1947.
Japanese: なお、明治維新の官制改革で一旦は廃止されたものの、伊藤博文が進めた「宮中と政府の分離」方針に則って、1884年に宮内省に属する機関として復活し、1947年の同省廃止まで存続した。
English: Currently, the Grand Steward's Secretariat (Treasurer of the Imperial Household, Accounting Division and Supply Division) is in charge of duties.
Japanese: なお、現在では宮内庁長官官房（皇室経済主管及び主計課・用度課）がその職務を引き継いでいる。
English: It goes without saying that he did not do have any duties as deputy, but as mentioned previously, the Kuraryo and Naishoryo, where Naganori ASANO was head, have a close relationship regarding duties.
Japanese: もちろん次官の仕事などしていないのはいうまでもないが、前記のように内蔵寮と浅野長矩が長官を務める内匠寮とは職務上関連が深い。
English: Tenkaku (Shohachiinojo (Senior Eighth Rank, Upper Grade): Supervised the tannery. This position was transferred from the Finance Ministry to Kuraryo in 806 together with the Komabe and Komahe, but later abolished.
Japanese: 典革（正八位上相当）　革の染め作りを監督　狛部・狛戸とともに大蔵省から大同(日本)元年（806年）内蔵寮に移管、のちに廃止
English: However, the word "pilgrimage" is also used to mean visiting the location of scenes in novels, movies, dramas, and animation, considering these places as equivalent to holy places.
Japanese: しかし、小説・映画・ドラマ・アニメの舞台やロケ地を聖地と見なし、それらを訪問する事を巡礼（聖地巡礼）と称する事もある。
English: Originally, Junrei (pilgrimage) meant to travel and visit shrines and temples throughout Japan for the purpose of worship at each location.
Japanese: 本来、巡禮とは日本における各地の神社、寺院を訪ね巡り礼拝することである。
English: There is the direct type of pilgrimage seen in Christianity and Islam where a pilgrim visits only holy site, and the round-the-country type seen in India and Asia where a pilgrim visits several holy sites.
Japanese: 一般に、キリスト教やイスラム教に見られる一つの聖地だけに巡礼する直線型と、インドや東洋で見られる複数の聖地を巡る回国型に分類される。
English: Junrei has a more religious aspect and Junpai is generally geared towards sightseeing and leisure, but there is no clear distinction in meaning.
Japanese: 巡礼は宗教色が強く、巡拝はどちらかと言えば観光や娯楽の意味合いが強いとされるが、明確な区別はない。
English: As depicted in the Tale of Genji set in the Heian period, the initial form was thought to be the shrine visits that the nobility made, which further transformed into Junrei to wish for a peaceful death through Jodo Shinko (belief of a pure land after death) such as the Kumano Sanzan (three shrines in Kumano) visits of the Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa due to the spread of pessimism in a decadent age, and in the middle ages, Junrei were done by the ordinary public during the age of war and poverty.
Japanese: 平安時代の源氏物語に見られるような、貴族階級による願掛けを中心とした神社参詣がその初期形態ではないかとされ、その後仏教の末法思想の流行により、後白河法皇の熊野三山詣でなど浄土信仰を背景とした極楽往生を願う巡礼へと変化し、中世に入ると、戦乱や貧困の中で一般階級による巡礼も行なわれるようになった。
English: In the modern era, reflecting the peaceful times, people wished for spiritual (material) benefit gained in this world through observance of the Buddhist teachings, and with the added element of traveling, it became a common activity for the masses.
Japanese: 近世に入ると平和な世の中を反映して、人々は現世利益を求めるようになり、旅行の要素も加わって大衆化した。
English: At large shrines and temples such as the Ise-jingu Shrine, tourists called "onshi" appeared and together with temple lodgings, they helped pilgrims find their way within their area.
Japanese: 伊勢神宮などの大寺社では御師（おんし）と呼ばれるツーリストが誕生し、宿坊と共にそれぞれの担当地域の巡礼者を案内していた。
English: Christianity had martyrs in its history from the beginning, and there were followers who visited their graves in order to honor them.
Japanese: キリスト教は、当初から殉教者を出したが、その墓所に詣でて敬意を表する信者がいた。
English: This was called "martyrium" and along with the church, which was a place for worship, this became an important core of the Christian community.
Japanese: これをマルティリウムといい、礼拝の場である教会と並び、キリスト教コミュニティの重要な中心となった。
English: In the fourth century, when Christianity became official, the birthplace of Christianity, Palestine, especially, the birthplace of Jesus Christ, Bethlehem, and the site of the Passion, Jerusalem, were destinations for followers to travel and worship.
Japanese: 4世紀にキリスト教が公認されると、キリスト教発祥の地であるパレスチナ、ことにキリストの生地であるベツレヘム、受難の地であるエルサレムへ、その遺構に参拝する信者が旅行するようになった。
English: The pilgrimage in Christianity not only regards the worship at the holy sites but also place equal importance on the process of the pilgrimage.
Japanese: キリスト教における巡礼は聖地への礼拝だけでなく、巡礼旅の過程も重要視されている。
English: In other words, the process of traveling to holy sites makes people reconfirm their ties with God and strengthens their religious beliefs.
Japanese: すなわち聖地への旅の過程において、人々は神との繋がりを再認識し信仰を強化するのである。
English: Pilgrims traveled to numerous churches and cathedrals throughout the Mediterranean region and Europe that venerate the remains of saints (sacred relics or immortal body) or relics of the crucifixion of Christ or remains of Noah's Ark.
Japanese: 地中海沿岸からヨーロッパ各地に諸聖人の遺骨（聖遺物または不朽体）またはキリストの磔刑、ノアの箱舟の跡などの遺物を祭ったとされる教会、聖堂などが多数あり、そのような地への巡礼が行われた。
English: The most famous relics include relics of the cross discovered by Elena, the Mandylion (an icon not painted by human hand) brought to Constantinople from Edessa that was presented to the King of Armenia, Abgarus III, Virgin Mary's clothes in Constantinople, and John the Baptist's head.
Japanese: もっとも有名なものには、エレナが発見したとされる十字架の遺物、アルメニア王アブガルス3世に贈られ、エデッサからコンスタンティノポリスにもたらされたマンドリオン（手で描かれたのではない聖像）、コンスタンティノポリスの聖母マリアの衣、洗礼者ヨハネの首などがある。
English: It is also said that relics were sometimes stolen from other churches or faked in order to gather pilgrims.
Japanese: また、巡礼者を惹きつけるために他の教会から聖遺物を盗んできたり、偽造するということもあったとされる。
English: In the west, from the mid-Middle Ages, legends such as the Holy Shroud of Milan and the Holy Grail (which became the basis of the Holy Grail Legend and romances) were born.
Japanese: また西方では、中世中期からミラノのキリストの聖骸布、聖杯（聖杯伝説や騎士道物語を生み出す元になった）などの伝承が生まれた。
English: From the late ancient times, miracles involving the remains of martyrs were reported where a pilgrim who came to offer prayers was cured of his disease or a cripple was able to walk.
Japanese: 古代後期から、殉教者の遺骨によって奇跡がおき、参拝した巡礼者に病気が治癒したりや歩けなかった足が動くようになったなどの事例が報告されるようになった。
English: More pilgrims gathered in locations where miracles occurred.
Japanese: こうした奇跡が起こったということから巡礼者が集まるようになったというものも多い。
English: Lourdes in the Pyrenees on the border between Spain and France, the three holy places of western Christianity (Catholic), namely, Rome, Jerusalem and Santiago de Compostela ("La Voile Lactee" is a French movie that made a story out of a pilgrimage into a dialogue on the existence of God over time and space) were such locations.
Japanese: スペインとフランスの国境、ピレネー山中のルルドや、ローマ、エルサレムと並ぶ西方キリスト教（カトリック）の三大巡礼地の1つ北スペインのサンティアゴ・デ・コンポステーラ（ここへの巡礼の物語を時間と空間を越える神の存在への問いかけの物語にしたフランス映画で「銀河」がある）など。
English: For example, it was thought that ergot disease (causes the limbs to rot and leads to madness) caused by ergot fungus on rye, could be cured by taking a pilgrimage.
Japanese: 例えば、ライムギにつく麦角菌に起因する麦角病（四肢が壊疽したり、精神錯乱を招く）は巡礼に赴くことで癒えるとされた。
English: It is said that this happened because a pilgrim would fast during a pilgrimage and therefore not eat contaminated rye.
Japanese: 巡礼中の断食により、汚染したライ麦を食べなくなったためであったという。
English: Small pilgrimage churches that took care of pilgrims who fell sick or were looking for a bed were called hospices (the root word for the modern hospice, a place where the terminally ill live out their lives), which led to the word 'Hospitality' and a section within the church devoted to the care of the sick became the 'Hospital.'
Japanese: こうした巡礼の旅で病に倒れた人、宿を求める人を宿泊させた巡礼教会、その小さなものをHospice（終末期の患者が残りの時を過ごす近代的なホスピスの語源）と呼んだが、そこでのもてなしから「歓待」(Hospitality)の語がうまれ、病人の看護などの仕事をする部門が教会の中に作られるようになって今日の英語でいう「病院」(Hospital)が派生した。
English: Therefore, the definition of the word 'Hospital' includes not only hospitals, but also nursing homes and orphanages.
Japanese: ゆえに、Hospitalは、病院だけではなく、老人ホーム、孤児院の意味も持つ。
English: There are slight differences, but the pilgrimage is taken together with the followers of the various schools of Islam.
Japanese: 行程に若干異なる点があるが、巡礼にはイスラム教各宗派の信徒が共に参加する。
English: The 12th month of Hegira is called the 'Haji month' (pilgrimage month) and it is especially recommended to take a pilgrimage to the Kabah in Mecca during this month.
Japanese: ヒジュラ暦で12番目の月を「ハッジの月（巡礼月）」と呼び、この月にマッカのカアバへ巡礼することは、特に奨励されている。
English: The pilgrimage is a duty to be fulfilled at least once during a lifetime for all followers who are physically and financially able, and a Muslim who has completed the pilgrimage is greatly respected and called 'al-haji.'
Japanese: 巡礼は、体力的、経済的に可能な者に、一生に一度は行なうよう義務付けられている行為であるが、巡礼を果たしたムスリム（イスラム教徒）は、「ハーッジー」と呼ばれ、特に尊敬される。
English: The number of people who wish to go on Haji has exceeded the number possible and currently a special visa from the Saudi Arabian government who manages the Mecca is required to participate in Haji.
Japanese: 現在ハッジの希望者数は受け入れ可能人数を超えており、ハッジに参加するにはマッカを管理するサウジアラビア政府の発給する特別査証が必要。
English: The Saudi Arabian government is wary of political confusion that may occur during times of religious excitement during worship time at pilgrimage sites.
Japanese: サウジアラビア政府は巡礼地での礼拝時の宗教的興奮において起こると危惧される政治的混乱を恐れている。
English: Ibaraki Doji was a Heian-period oni (a mythical creature resembling a demon or ogre) who supposedly went on a rampage in Kyoto from his lair on Mt. Oe.
Japanese: 茨木童子（いばらきどうじ）は、平安時代に大江山を本拠に京都を荒らし回ったとされる「鬼」の一人。
English: There are two theories about his birthplace: one claims he was born in Settsu Province (either in modern-day Mizuo, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture, or in Tomimatsu, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture), while the other holds that he was born in Echigo Province (specifically in the town of Karuizawa, which is located in Nagaoka City--formerly known as Tochio--in modern-day Niigata Prefecture).
Japanese: 出生地には、摂津国（大阪府茨木市水尾、または兵庫県尼崎市富松）という説と、越後国（新潟県旧栃尾市、現在の長岡市の軽井沢集落）という説がある。
English: Legend has it that his most fearsome characteristics included having all his teeth at birth and being of enormous size, which struck fear into the hearts of all his neighbors; after transforming into an oni, he encountered Shuten Doji and became his underling, and then together they plotted to terrorize the capital (Kyoto).
Japanese: 生まれた頃から歯が生え揃っていた、巨体であったなど周囲から恐れられ、鬼と化した後は酒呑童子と出会い舎弟となり、共に京を目指した。
English: The lair of Shuten Doji and his gang was on Mt. Oe (which is generally thought to have been located in Tanba Province, but a competing theory holds that "Mt. Oe" in fact refers to the Mt. Oe on the border of the modern-day cities of Kyoto and Kameoka); according to legend, they committed various outrages, for example kidnapping the children of noblemen in Kyoto, until they were laid low by MINAMOTO no Yorimitsu and his four retainers (known as "Yorimitsu's Four Heavenly Warriors").
Japanese: 酒呑童子一味は大江山（丹波国にあったとされるが、現在の京都市と亀岡市の境にある大枝山という説もある）を拠点にし、京の貴族の子女を誘拐するなど乱暴狼藉をはたらいたが、源頼光と4人の家臣たち（頼光四天王）によって滅ぼされたという。
English: But it is said that Ibaraki Doji managed to escape, and accounts of his subsequent duels with WATANABE no Tsuna, one of Yorimitsu's Four Heavenly Warriors, on Ichijo modoribashi bridge and at Rashomon gate have been passed down over the years as entries in collections of setsuwa tales as well as in Noh plays, Noh songs, and Kabuki plays.
Japanese: しかし茨木童子は逃げ延びたとされ、その後も頼光四天王の一人である渡辺綱と一条戻り橋や羅生門で戦った故事が後世の説話集や能、謡曲、歌舞伎などで語り継がれている。
English: This theory holds that Ibaraki Doji (the "Ibaraki" in this telling is also sometimes written with alternate characters) was born, like Shuten Doji, in Echigo Province.
Japanese: 茨木童子（ここでは茨城童子とも書く）は酒呑童子と同じく越後国出身との説がある。
English: Shuten Doji was born in Sunakozuka in Kanbara county (modern-day Sunakozuka, Bunsui-cho, Niigata Prefecture) and served as a page-boy of Kokujo-ji Temple, whereas Ibaraki Doji was supposedly born deep in the mountains at Karuizawa in Koshi county (today's Karuizawa in Nagaoka City, Niigata Prefecture) and his upbringing entrusted to Yahiko-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 酒呑童子は蒲原郡の砂子塚（現・新潟県分水町砂子塚）生まれで国上寺の稚児だったが、茨木童子は古志郡の山奥の軽井沢（現・新潟県長岡市軽井沢）の生まれでやはり弥彦神社に預けられていた。
English: The places where Shuten Doji and Ibaraki Doji were said to have learned sumo wrestling are in that same general area; currently there is a small shrine on the latter spot, at which Ibaraki Doji has been deified.
Japanese: 同地には酒呑童子と茨木童子が相撲を取った場所があり、茨木童子を祀る祠がある。
English: Moreover, there were many people in this region whose family name was 'Ibaraki,' and tradition among Ibaraki families of the area holds that they not throw soy beans at Setsubun (a demon-exorcising holiday elsewhere known throughout Japan for the custom of throwing beans), and that gables not be built on houses, since the building of gables on houses was thought to bring misfortune on the family.
Japanese: またこの地区は「茨木」姓が多く、茨木姓の家では節分に豆をまかない習わしがあり、また家の屋根に破風を作るとその家では不良が出るので作らないという言い伝えがあるという。
English: Much like Shuten Doji (known in his boyhood as "Gedomaru," meaning "Apostate Boy"), who was famous for his good looks and received huge numbers of love-letters from the girls in the neighborhood, Ibaraki Doji was also said to be a very handsome youth, wooed by many young ladies in his area, leading his mother, anxious over his spiritual future, to send him off to Yahiko-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 美男子で知られ娘たちから山ほど恋文を送られていた外道丸こと酒呑童子同様、茨木童子も美少年として多くの女性に言い寄られ、将来を案じた母親に弥彦神社に送られることになった。
English: One day, however, while he was home from Yahiko-jinja Shrine visiting his mother, she discovered a 'bloodstained love-letter' hidden away in his school trunk.
Japanese: ところがある時弥彦神社から実家に帰ると、母が行李の中に隠した「血塗の恋文」を見つけた。
English: When just one finger was dipped into that blood, Ibaraki instantly transformed into an oni, scampered up the ceiling beam, tore off the gable on the roof and ran away.
Japanese: その血を指で一舐めするとたちどころに彼は形相が変わり鬼となり、梁をつたい破風を壊して逃げていった。
English: Around that time, Gedomaru (that is, Shuten Doji) heard of a girl who had died of grief due to his failure to send a reply to her love-letter, and upon opening the tsuzura (package) included in her letter--which he had never read--a strange vapor rose from it, causing him to lose consciousness; when he came to, his transformation into an oni was already complete, so he fled from the temple and set his heart on reaching the very limits of evil.
Japanese: そのころ外道丸こと酒呑童子は、恋文の返事が来ないと悲観して死んだ娘のことを聞き、読まなかった恋文の入ったつづらを開けてみると異様な煙が立ち昇って気を失い、気づくと鬼へと変わり果てて寺から逃げて悪の限りを尽くすようになっていた。
English: Ibaraki Doji, who had found such a kindred spirit in Shuten Doji, also became his henchman, and together they began raiding the villages nearby; Ibaraki's mother, after hearing rumors of his misdeeds, draped herself in his baby clothes and appeared before him, which suddenly caused him to be flooded with memories of his childhood, so he vowed that 'never shall I set foot in this region again,' and together with Shuten Doji, began to make his way towards the capital (Kyoto), passing through Mt. Togakushi in Shinano (Nagano).
Japanese: 酒呑童子と意気投合した茨木童子は舎弟となり共に周囲の村々を襲っていたが、そのうわさを聞いた母が、彼の幼い頃の産着を着けて茨木童子の前に立つと、茨木童子は急に子供の頃の想い出が甦ったか、「二度とこの地を踏まぬ」と約束して、酒呑童子とともに信州戸隠山などを経て京へと向かった。
English: Much as there are several competing theories about Shuten Doji's birthplace, including a compelling case that he was born at the foot of Mt. Ibuki, there are several about Ibaraki Doji's birthplace as well, like the view that he was born in Amagasaki City in Hyogo Prefecture or that which holds he was born in Ibaraki City in Osaka Prefecture; these competing theories are described in various documents, including the "Settsu meisho zue" (Illustrated Guide to Famous Places in Settsu Province), the "Setsuyo kensetsu," and the "Setsuyo gundan."
Japanese: 酒呑童子の出生地にはほかにも伊吹山麓など有力な説があるが、茨木童子の出生地についても兵庫県尼崎市や大阪府茨木市の説もあり、『摂津名所図会』・『摂陽研説』・『摂陽群談』などの資料ではこれらを採っている。
English: According to the "Setsuyo gundan," published in 1701, he was born in the village of Tomimatsu in Settsu Province (the modern-day Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture) and abandoned, while still in his baby clothes, in the village of Ibaraki (today's Ibaraki City), where he was picked up by Shuten Doji, who raised him and gave him the nickname "Ibaraki."
Japanese: 1701年刊行の『摂陽群談』では、摂津国の富松の里（現・兵庫県尼崎市）で生まれ、茨木の里（茨木市）に産着のまま捨てられていたところを酒呑童子に拾われ茨木の名をつけて養われたとある。
English: And in the "Setsuyo kensetsu" Ibaraki Doji is described as the child of natives of Tamematsu village in Kawabe county (which, like Tomimatsu, is part of modern-day Amagasaki City), but right from birth his teeth were all grown in, his hair long, his gaze piercing, and his strength beyond that of a fully grown man; consequently, his family were terrified of him and abandoned him near Ibaraki village in Shimashimo county, where he was picked up by Shuten Doji.
Japanese: また『摂陽研説』では、茨木童子は川邊郡留松村（富松と同じく尼崎市の一部）の土民の子であったが、生まれながらに牙が生え、髪が長く、眼光があって成人以上に力があったので、一族はこの子を怖れて島下郡茨木村の辺りに捨て、酒呑童子に拾われたという。
English: According to the version of the legend handed down in Ibaraki City itself, Ibaraki Doji was born in Mizuo village (today's Ibaraki City) after a sixteen-month pregnancy and a very difficult delivery; by birth, he had already acquired his teeth, and began to walk almost immediately thereafter, and looking on his mother's face, he smiled and gazed with such a piercing stare that his mother died of shock.
Japanese: 茨木市の伝承では、茨木童子は水尾村（現・茨木市）の生まれだが、16ヶ月の難産の末に生まれたときにはすでに歯が生え揃い、生まれてすぐに歩き出して、母の顔を見て鋭い目つきで笑ったため母はショックで亡くなった。
English: His father, deciding he wouldn't raise a baby so demonic, abandoned him in front of a barber's near the woods of Kuzugami, in the neighboring village of Ibaraki, so thereafter Ibaraki Doji was raised by the barber and his wife, who had no children of their own.
Japanese: 父は鬼のような赤子を持て余し、隣の茨木村の九頭神（くずがみ）の森近くにある髪結いの前に捨て、以後茨木童子は子のいなかった床屋夫妻の子として育った。
English: Even while still a young child Doji's physical stature and strength surpassed that of a grown man's, leading the barber at a loss as to how to raise him, but he decided to train him in hair-cutting, thereby hoping to calm his disposition.
Japanese: 幼くして体格も力も大人を凌いだ童子を床屋も持て余したが、床屋の仕事を教えて落ち着かせることにした。
English: One day, however, Doji nicked a customer's face with his razor, and after hurriedly wiping away the blood with his finger, he tried to clean that finger by licking off the blood, only to find the taste of blood addictive; thereafter, he began deliberately cutting the customers' faces and licking up the resulting blood.
Japanese: ところがある日、童子はかみそりで客の顔を傷つけてしまい、あわてて指で血をぬぐったものの、指をきれいにしようと血をなめるとその味が癖になってしまい、以後わざと客の顔を傷つけては血をすするようになった。
English: After being scolded by the irate barber, Doji was feeling despondent and wandered aimlessly down to the bridge over a nearby stream, hanging his head, only to notice that his face, reflected in the water, had completely transformed into that of an oni, whereupon he fled north, without ever returning home to the barber's, into the mountains of Tanba, where he eventually encountered Shuten Doji and became his henchman.
Japanese: 床屋に怒られた童子は気落ちして近くの小川の橋にもたれてうつむいていると、水面に写る自分の顔がすっかり鬼になってしまっているのに気づき、床屋には帰らずに北の丹波の山に逃げ、やがて酒呑童子と出会い家来となったと言う。