nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: FUJIWARA no Yoritada continued in the position of chancellor (chief advisor to the Emperor) from previous government; however, FUJIWARA no Yoshichika, the Emperor's father-in-law and FUJIWARA no Koreshige, an educator to the Imperial family, took actual control of the politics.
Japanese: 関白には先代に引き続いて藤原頼忠が着任したが、実権を握ったのは、帝の外舅藤原義懐と乳母子藤原惟成であった。
English: Yoshichika and Koreshige carried out aggressive political reform by issuing the Decree Restricting the Expansion of Private Estates and/or trying to activate the money circulation; however, soon after that they left the Imperial Palace following the Emperor's abdication of the throne.
Japanese: 義懐と惟成は荘園整理令の発布、貨幣流通の活性化など、革新的な政治を行ったが、程なくして天皇が退位したのに殉じて遁世した。
English: According to "Eiga Monogatari (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes)" and "Okagami (The Great Mirror)," the reason the Emperor became a priest was that his favorite high-ranking lady in the court (a wife of an Emperor), FUJIWARA no Shishi had died while pregnant, and there is a further record in "Okagami (The Great Mirror)" that FUJIWARA no Kaneie plotted to let his daughter's grandchild, Prince Yasuhito (Emperor Ichijo), succeed the throne.
Japanese: 突然の出家について、『栄花物語』『大鏡』などは寵愛した女御藤原忯子が妊娠中に死亡したことを素因とするが、『大鏡』では更に、藤原兼家が、外孫の懐仁（やすひと）親王（一条天皇）を即位させる為に陰謀を巡らした事を伝えている。
English: FUJIWARA no Kaneie's third son, FUJIWARA no Michikane, tricked Emperor Kazan, who was sorrowful, into becoming a priest, whereupon he took the Emperor from the Imperial Palace to Gangyo-ji Temple (Kazan-ji Temple).
Japanese: 蔵人として仕えていた兼家の三男藤原道兼は、悲しみにくれる天皇と一緒に出家するとそそのかし、内裏から元慶寺（花山寺）に連れ出した。
English: At that time, having received orders from Kaneie, MINAMOTO no Mitsunaka of the Seiwa Genji (the MINAMOTO family were descended from the Emperor Seiwa) and his retainers protected the Emperor from the opposition at the bend of the Kamogawa River.
Japanese: このとき邪魔が入らぬように鴨川の堤から警護したのが兼家の命を受けた清和源氏の源満仲とその郎党達である。
English: When passing ABE no Seimei's palace, a group heard someone inside say, 'It is a life-or-death matter! The Emperor is going to abdicate and
Japanese: 安部晴明の屋敷の前を通ったとき、中から「帝が退位なさるとの天変があった。
English: A shikigami (a type of spirit) has already come to the palace', whereupon something invisible opened the door, left the room, looked at the group and said, 'The Emperor has just walked past the front of the house.'
Japanese: もうすでに…式神一人、内裏へ参れ」と言う声が聞こえ、目にみえないものが晴明の家の戸を開けて出てきて一行を目撃し「たったいま当の天皇が家の前を通り過ぎていきました」と答えたと。
English: When the Emperor was tonsured after their arrival at Gangyo-ji Temple, Michikane fled the temple to explain the situation to his father, Kaneie, and it was at this point that the Emperor realized he had been deceived.
Japanese: 元慶寺へ着き、天皇落飾すると、道兼は親の兼家に事情を説明してくると寺を抜け出してそのまま逃げてしまい、天皇は欺かれた事を知った。
English: Yoshichika and Koreshige were looking for the Emperor, who had gone missing from the palace, and found him in the Gangyo-ji Temple, and then they both said to the the Emperor that they were all deceived to become priests.
Japanese: 内裏から行方不明になった天皇を捜し回った義懐と惟成は元慶寺で天皇を見つけ、そこでともども出家したと伝える。
English: While Emperor Kazan was a prince, this incident had a detrimental effect on the fates of Murasaki Shikibu's father, FUJIWARA no Tametoki, who taught and was appointed to the position of Shikibu no jo (a position within the Bureau of Ceremony) at that time and FUJIWARA no Motonaga, who was well known for the ”Letters of local government officials and farmers from Owari Province” (Owari no kuni Gunji Hyakusho ra no Gebumi).
Japanese: この事件は親王時代に学問を教え、当時式部丞になっていた紫式部の父藤原為時や、尾張国郡司百姓等解文で有名な藤原元命の運命にも影を落とした。
English: Emperor Kazan was commented upon by the people in those days, who said 'the Emperor himself is not so smart but his aids are'; there are many anecdotes in "Okagami (The Great Mirror)" and "Kojidan" describing Emperor Kazan's abnormal behavior.
Japanese: 花山天皇は当世から「内劣りの外めでた」等と評され、乱心の振る舞いを記した説話は『大鏡』『古事談』に多い。
English: On the other hand, he was talented in the arts such as paintings, architectures and making poems, etc., and people often were impressed by his creativity based on his unique ideas.
Japanese: その一方で、彼は絵画・建築・和歌など多岐にわたる芸術的才能に恵まれ、ユニークな発想に基づく創造はたびたび人の意表を突いた。
English: After the Emperor became a cloistered emperor in the pious life, he found this hoin (a seal used in Temples) in Nakayama-dera Temple of Settsu Province (Takarazuka City, Hyogo Prefecture), where it is said that Tokudo left a hoin (a seal used in temples) inside the stone coffin of the 33 Kannon Reijo (a sacred place) during the early Nara period, the Emperor worked hard and gained the power of the Buddhist dharma (Law) by visiting the 33 Kannon Reijo (a sacred place) from Kumano, Kii Province.
Japanese: 出家し法皇となった後には、奈良時代初期に徳道が観音霊場三十三ヶ所の宝印を石棺に納めたという伝承があった摂津国の中山寺（兵庫県宝塚市）でこの宝印を探し出し、紀伊国熊野から宝印の三十三の観音霊場を巡礼し修行に勤め大きな法力を身につけたという。
English: Emperor Kazan's pilgrimage statue of the Goddess of Kannon has been inherited to the present as pilgrimage through 33 places in the western region, and each of the poems made by the Emperor in different sacred places has become a Buddhist (pilgrim's) hymn [chant].
Japanese: この花山法皇の観音巡礼が西国三十三箇所巡礼として現在でも継承されており、各霊場で詠んだ御製の和歌が詠歌となっている。
English: After this pilgrimage, just over ten years period until the Emperor returned to the capital city in his final years, it is said the Emperor lived in a hermitage at his favorite place on the way to his pilgrimage, a Bodai-ji Temple (Sanda City, Hyogo Prefecture) in Settsu Province, there is Go-byosho/a mausoleum and this place is considered as an extra sacred place of pilgrimage through 33 places in western region of a family temple.
Japanese: この巡礼の後、晩年に帰京するまでの十数年間は巡礼途中に気に入った場所である摂津国の菩提寺（兵庫県三田市）で隠棲生活を送っていたとされ、この地には御廟所があり菩提寺として西国三十三箇所巡礼の番外霊場となっている。
English: When the Cloistered Emperor Kazan was 29 years old, he was hit with an arrow by Inner Ministers FUJIWARA no Korechika and FUJIWARA no Takaie of the Naka no Kampaku family.
Japanese: 花山法皇29歳のとき、中関白家の内大臣藤原伊周・藤原隆家に矢で射られた。
English: The Cloistered Emperor Kazan began visiting Shi no kimi (literally, "fourth daughter") at the palace where Korechika used to visit, which was where the late Grand Minister FUJIWARA no Tamemitsu's daughter, San no kimi (literally, "third daughter"), had lived.
Japanese: 伊周が通っていた故太政大臣藤原為光の娘三の君と同じ屋敷の四の君の処に花山法皇が通いだした。
English: According to "Hyaku Ren Sho," the brothers took samurai with them and attacked the Cloistered Emperor's party; Takaie and the samurai pierced the Cloistered Emperor's sleeve with an arrow, before killing and beheading two young children in his party.
Japanese: 兄弟は武士を連れて法皇の一行を襲い、隆家と従者の武士は法皇の衣の袖を弓で射抜き、更に花山法皇の童子二人を殺して首を持って行ったと『百錬抄』にある。
English: The Cloistered Emperor Kazan was in fear and withdrew himself, and kept quiet about the incident; however, the rumor spread and Korechika and Takaie were both sentenced to deportation to Dazai fu or Izumo Province.
Japanese: 花山法皇は恐怖のあまり口をつぐんで閉じこもっていたが、噂が広がり伊周・隆家は太宰府や出雲国に流罪となった。
English: A high-ranking lady in the court (a wife of an Emperor) Princess Enshi (Tsuyako) (972 - 998) - Ippon no Shikibu kyo, Prince Tamehira's daughter, later became FUJIWARA no Sanesuke's wife.
Japanese: 女御：婉子女王（972-998）-一品式部卿為平親王女、のち藤原実資に再嫁
English: The Cloistered Emperor had no children with any of the officially recognized empresses after he became a priest, but he did have children with Nakatsukasa (who was the daughter of the emperor's wet nurse) and her daughter TAIRA no Hirako, both of whom he had simultaneously fallen in love with; the general public called Prince Kiyohito (Nakatsukasa's son) 'Oya bara no miya' (literally, "prince of the mother's womb) and Prince Akinori (Hirako's son) 'Musume bara no miya' (literally, "prince of the daughter's womb).
Japanese: 正式な后妃との間に子はなく、出家後、乳母子の中務とその娘平平子を同時に寵愛して子を産ませたため、世の人は中務の腹に儲けた清仁親王を「母腹宮」、平子の腹に儲けた昭登親王を「女腹宮」と称した。
English: According to "Eiga Monogatari," only one princess who was born from Hirako reached adulthood out of four princesses.
Japanese: なお『栄花物語』によれば皇女四人のうち、平子腹の皇女一人のみ成長したという。
English: However, this princess, (FUJIWARA no Shoshi's wife) was found dead in the middle of the night on he street with a cruel appearance, half-eaten by a wild dog on December 6, 1024 ("Sho Yu Ki").
Japanese: しかし万寿元年（1024年）12月6日にこの皇女（藤原彰子の女房）は夜中の路上で殺され、翌朝、野犬に食われた酷たらしい姿で発見された（『小右記』）。
English: This incident startled the court nobles in Kyoto, and while the police and judicial chief (in the ancient administrative system) investigated the incident, 法師隆範 was arrested as a suspect on July 25, 1025; he confessed that he killed the princess as instructed by FUJIWARA no Michimasa.
Japanese: この事件は京の公家達を震撼させ、検非違使が捜査にあたり、翌万寿2年（1025年）7月25日に容疑者として法師隆範を捕縛、その法師隆範が藤原道雅の命で皇女を殺害したと自白する。
English: The Imperial Mausoleum is called Kamiyakawa no hotori no misasagi and is located in Kita Takahashi-cho Town, Kinugasa, Kita Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: 京都市北区衣笠北高橋町にある紙屋川上陵（かみやかわのほとりのみささぎ）
English: Emperor Go-Ichijo (October 12, 1008 - May 15, 1036), the sixty-eighth Emperor, reigned during the middle Heian period (from 1016 to 1036).
Japanese: 後一条天皇（ごいちじょうてんのう、寛弘5年9月11日（1008年10月12日）-長元9年4月17日（1036年5月15日））は、平安時代中期の第68代天皇（在位1016年-1036年）。
English: There was a description of the Emperor in 'The Murasaki Shikibu Diary' that, when he was born, Michinaga had long waited to have a prince from the maternal side, so that he became the first glory of the Imperial Family.
Japanese: その誕生の様子は「紫式部日記」に詳しく、道長にとって待望久しい外孫皇子出生はその後の一族の栄華の初花となる。
English: On March 24, 1016, Emperor Go-Ichijo succeeded to the throne when he was eight years old, whereupon Michinaga became a regent and took control of politics in a dominant way.
Japanese: 長和5年2月7日（1016年3月24日）、8歳で即位したため、道長が摂政となり権勢を振るった。
English: He had FUJIWARA no Ishi as the Emperor's second consort, she being Michinaga's daughter and the Emperor's aunt; it was unusual during this time for the Emperor not to have other empresses, but he had only two princesses and did not have any prince who could succeed to the Imperial Throne; the Emperor died young, at the age of 29.
Japanese: 道長の娘で叔母にあたる藤原威子を中宮とし、この時代には珍しく他の妃を持たなかったが、皇子女は内親王二人のみで世継ぎの皇子にはついに恵まれぬまま、29歳の若さで崩御した。
English: Emperor Go-Suzaku (December 14, 1009 - February 7, 1045), the sixty-ninth Emperor, reigned in the middle Heian period (from 1036 to 1045).
Japanese: 後朱雀天皇（ごすざくてんのう、寛弘6年11月25日（1009年12月14日）-寛徳2年1月18日（1045年2月7日））は、平安時代中期の第69代天皇（在位1036年-1045年）。
English: After Emperor Go-Ichijo succeeded to the throne in 1017, Prince Atsuakira declined to become the crown prince, so the future Emperor Go-Suzaku became the crown prince instead.
Japanese: 後一条天皇の即位に伴い皇太子となった敦明親王が、寛仁元年（1017年）自ら皇太子を辞退したため、その後を受けて皇太子となる。
English: In 1021 FUJIWARA no Kishi, Michinaga's sixth daughter and the Emperor's aunt, had an official ceremony to enter the Imperial Palace as the Empress of the crown prince, and she gave birth to the long-awaited first prince, Chikahito (Emperor Go-Reizei) in 1025; however, Kishi was not well after the birth of the prince and died suddenly two days later.
Japanese: 同5年（1021年）道長の六女で叔母にあたる藤原嬉子が東宮妃として入内、万寿2年（1025年）に待望の第一王子親仁（後冷泉天皇）が生まれるが、嬉子は産後の肥立ちが悪く2日後に急逝した。
English: After that, Michinaga's grandchild and the Emperor's cousin, Princess Teishi, made an imperial consort's bridal entry into court as the Empress of the crown prince, and she had the second prince, Takahito (Emperor Go-Sanjo) as well as two other daughters; on the contrary, his brother Emperor Go-Ichijo died without any children, and consequently the Emperor Go-Suzaku succeeded to the throne.
Japanese: その後道長の孫で従姉妹の禎子内親王が入内し第二王子尊仁（後三条天皇）始め一男二女を出産、それとは対照的に兄後一条がついに皇子の誕生を見ぬまま崩御したため、その後を受けて即位した。
English: After his enthronement, the chancellor (chief advisor to the Emperor), FUJIWARA no Yorimichi, organized his adopted daughter, FUJIWARA no Genshi, an imperial consort's bridal entry into the court as a second consort of the Emperor; also, Yorimichi's brother FUJIWARA no Norimichi organized the same for his daughter Seishi, and FUJIWARA no Yorimune did the same for his daughter Enshi, all of which was done in quick succession, but none of them had an opportunity to have a prince.
Japanese: 即位後は関白藤原頼通が養女藤原嫄子を入内させて中宮に立てたのを始め、その弟藤原教通が娘生子を、同じく藤原頼宗が娘延子を相次いで入内させたが、いずれも皇子を出産することはなかった。
English: During this time, Empress Teishi and her prince, Takahito, were treated coldly by the chancellors (chief advisors to the emperor), and it is said that after Emperor Go-Suzaku decided to abdicate due to his illness when he was staying in the temporary palace of Higashi Sanjo dono, FUJIWARA no Yoshinobu, who supported the Empress, helped set up Prince Takahito as the next Crown Prince according to the will of Emperor Go-Suzaku.
Japanese: その間皇后禎子内親王とその皇子尊仁親王は関白らに冷遇されていたが、後朱雀天皇が里内裏東三条殿において病に倒れて譲位を決断した際、皇后を支援していた藤原能信の働きで尊仁親王を次期皇太子にするよう遺詔を発したと言われる。
English: Emperor Goreizei (August 28, 1025 - May 22, 1068) was the seventieth Japanese Emperor (his reign was from 1045 to 1068).
Japanese: 後冷泉天皇（ごれいぜいてんのう、万寿2年8月3日（1025年8月28日）-治暦4年4月19日（1068年5月22日））は、日本の70代天皇（在位1045年-1068年）。
English: His Empress was FUMIWARA no Yorimichi's daughter, FUJIWARA no Kanshi, but the Emperor died without having any children with her.
Japanese: 藤原頼通の娘藤原寛子を皇后としたが、皇子が生まれないまま後冷泉天皇は亡くなった。
English: Thus, after his death, his younger half-brother Emperor Gosanjo succeeded to the throne, who had no maternal relationship to the Fujiwara clan.
Japanese: そのため、死後は異母弟で藤原氏を外戚としない後三条天皇が即位することになる。
English: Emperor Goreizei was the only Emperor having three Empresses at the same time, although later on Emperor Toba, Emperor Nijo and Emperor Gohorikawa had three Empresses, including the second consort of the Emperor.
Japanese: 後の鳥羽天皇や二条天皇、後堀河天皇にも中宮・皇后となった后妃が3人いたが、同時期に3人の后が並立したのは後冷泉天皇が唯一である。
English: First, Shoshi officially became an Empress followed by Kanshi, and in the natural manner Shoshi would have become the Empress and Kanshi being the second consort of the Emperor; however, due to Shoshi's request Kanshi became the Empress and Shoshi was kept as the second consort of the Emperor.
Japanese: 初めに立后されたのは章子で、次いで寛子が立后されたが、寛子立后にあたり、通常ならば先立の中宮である章子を皇后、寛子を中宮とするところを、章子の希望で章子は中宮のまま留め置かれ、寛子が皇后とされた。
English: Subsequently, before the Emperor died Kanshi officially became the third Empress, and on this occasion, second consort of the Emperor, Shoshi, became the Empress Dowager and the Empress Kanshi became the second consort of the Emperor, and the last Kanshi became the Empress.
Japanese: その後、天皇の死の直前に歓子が立后されたが、歓子立后にあたっては中宮章子が皇太后、皇后寛子が中宮とされ、歓子は皇后とされた。
English: Emperor Gosanjo (September 3, 1034 - June 15, 1073) was the seventy-first Emperor.
Japanese: 後三条天皇（ごさんじょうてんのう、長元7年7月18日（1034年9月3日）-延久5年5月7日（1073年6月15日））は、第71代の天皇。
English: His reign lasted from May 22, 1068 to January 18, 1073.
Japanese: 在位は治暦4年4月19日（1068年5月22日）から延久4年12月8日（1073年1月18日）まで。
English: He was the first Emperor since Uda, 170 years earlier, who had no maternal relationship to the FUJIWARA clan (but Princess Teishi was the maternal grandchild of FUJIWARA no Michinaga).
Japanese: 宇多天皇以来170年ぶりの藤原氏を外戚としない天皇となった（ただし、禎子内親王は藤原道長の外孫である）。
English: Because the Emperor's birth mother was not from the FUJIWARA clan, he was treated coldly by the chancellor (chief advisor to the Emperor), FUJIWARA no Yorimichi and his brother, FUJIWARA no Norimichi; however, it is said their younger half-brother, FUJIWARA no Yorinobu, supported Emperor Gosanjo.
Japanese: 生母が藤原の出でない為、関白藤原頼通や弟の藤原教通に疎んじられたが、彼等の異母弟の藤原能信の支援を受けたと言われている。
English: According to "Ima Kagami (The Mirror of the Present)," Emperor Gosuzaku considered Prince Takahito of his older brother, Prince Chikahito's (Emperor Goreizei) successor, as Crowin Princes' younger brother, although Yorimichi was against it, at Yoshinobu's insistence Prince Takahito became the crown prince.
Japanese: 『今鏡』によると、後朱雀天皇が尊仁親王を兄の親仁親王（後冷泉天皇）の皇太弟にと考えていたのを、頼通が抑えていたのに対し、能信が強く薦めて、その遺詔により皇太弟となる事が出来たとある。
English: However Yorimichi and Norimichi kept on putting pressure on Prince Takahito directly or indirectly, to send their daughters to Emperor Gosuzaku's Palace and take control of political power as maternal grandfather.
Japanese: しかし、頼通や教通は、後冷泉天皇の後宮に娘を入内させて外祖父として権力を握る為に、尊仁親王に対して陽に陰に圧迫を加えていた。
English: According to "Go Dan Sho," written by Oe no Masafusa, there is an example of the above: Yorimichi did not give away Tsubo kiri no ken (a traditional sword handed down from emperor to crown prince) which passed through successive princes for 23 years until the enthronement of the prince, the reason being that 'the Tsubo kiri no ken was meant for the FUJIWARA clan's (specially the Sekkan-ke (families of the Fujiwara clan whose members were eligible to become regent) treasure.'
Japanese: その一例として、歴代の東宮が伝領する「壷切の剣」を頼通が「藤原氏（特に摂関家）腹の東宮の宝物」との理由で、23年もの間、親王が即位するまで献上しなかった事が、大江匡房の談話集『江談抄』に記されている。
English: However, Emperor Goreizei had no children, so after he died, Prince Takahito was enthroned.
Japanese: しかし、結局後冷泉天皇にはついに皇子がなく、天皇の死後、尊仁親王は即位した。
English: After Yorimichi abdicated with great disappointment, his brother Norimichi became chancellor (chief advisor to the Emperor) with the help of FUJIWARA no Shoshi; moreover, Fujiwara no Yoshinobu's adopted son FUJIWARA no Yoshinaga and MINAMOTO no Morofusa, of the Murakami Minamoto clan, were given the positions needed to defeat the dominant politics of the Sekkan-ke, and appointed the lower government officials such as OE no Masafusa and FUJIWARA no Sanemasa, because FUJIWARA no Yoshinobu had supported the Emperor when he was the crown prince and was an active leader in opposition to the Sekkan-ke.
Japanese: 頼通が失意のあまり引退した後、藤原彰子の推挙で弟の教通を関白にしたが、反摂関家の急先鋒で東宮時代の天皇を庇護していた故能信の養子の藤原能長や、村上源氏の源師房等を登用して摂関家の政権独占打破を図り、大江匡房や藤原実政等の下級役人などを登用し、積極的に親政を行った。
English: People such as MINAMOTO no Takakuni, who treated the Emperor with contempt while he was the crown prince because he felt intimidated by Yorimichi, obtained fair treatment by recruiting Takakuni's son, MINAMOTO no Toshiakira, in order to ensure that there was no possibility of a reprisal.
Japanese: また、源隆国のように、東宮時代の天皇を頼通に気兼ねして蔑ろにしていた者に対しても、隆国の子息の源俊明を登用する等、決して報復的態度を取らないように公正な態度を示した。
English: In 1069, the Decree Restricting the Expansion of Private Estates was issued and a contract office to record estates was established, followed by the issuance of the silk fabric regulation in 1070 and the setting of the Enkyu measuring cup by the Emperor's order; the official measuring cup and the price regulation were established in 1072, and the Emperor tried to build a strong financial base for the Imperial Court, which had been destabilized due to the system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo codes and had become a mere facade.
Japanese: 1069年荘園整理令を発布して記録荘園券契所を設置し、1070年には絹布の制、1072年には延久宣旨枡や估価估価法の制定等、律令制度の形骸化により弱体化した皇室の経済基盤の強化を図った。
English: The Enkyu Decree Restricting the Expansion of Private Estates was much more detailed and much fairer than any previous such decrees; as a result, it was particularly harmful to the weakened finances of the Sekkan-ke (families of the Fujiwara clan whose members were eligible to become regent) as the private estates of the Sekkan-ke were confiscated, for example (details of these events were recorded in the "Gonijo Moromichiki," which was the diary of FUJIWARA no Moromichi, who later became Chancellor).
Japanese: 特に延久の荘園整理令は、今までの整理令に見られなかった緻密さと公正さが見られ、その為に基準外の摂関家領が没収される等（『後二条師通記』に記載有り）、摂関家の経済基盤に大打撃を与えた。
English: Given this fact, it provided security for the feudal lords of the private estate and the farmers, and consequently in "Koji Dan" (the collection of stories from the Kamakura period) it is described as a good government during the Enkyu period.
Japanese: この事が官や荘園領主、農民に安定をもたらした事で、『古事談』はこれを延久の善政と称えている。
English: On the other hand, the Sekkan-ke did not come up with a constructive plan to counter the Emperor, mainly since there was an adversarial relationship between Yorimichi and Norimichi.
Japanese: 一方、摂関家側は頼通・教通兄弟が対立関係にあったために天皇への積極的な対抗策を打ち出すことが出来なかった。
English: Additionally, the battle against Ezo (the name used at that time to refer to the lands located to the north of Japan), which occurred during the same period, brought the whole of Honshu (the main island), including the Tsugaru and Shimokita peninsulas, under the control of the Imperial Court, and this had a significant impact on local areas throughout the island.
Japanese: また、同時代に起きた延久蝦夷合戦にて、津軽半島や下北半島までの本州全土が朝廷の支配下に入る等、地方にも着実に影響を及ぼすようになる。
English: In 1072, after four years of his enthronement, the Emperor intended to pass the throne to his first Prince, Emperor Shirakawa and start the cloister government, however he became ill on the following year and died when he was forty years old.
Japanese: 1072年、即位後4年にて第一皇子白河天皇に譲位して院政を開こうと図ったが、翌年には病に倒れ、40歳で崩御した。
English: Based on recent studies, there is a strong theory that the Emperor abdicated the throne due to his illness, not due to his intention to rule the cloister government.
Japanese: 尚、近年の研究では、天皇の退位は院政の実施を図ったものではなく、病によるものとする説が有力である。
English: Emperor Horikawa (August 8, 1079 - August 9, 1107) was the seventy-third Emperor during the late Heian period (his reign was from 1086 - 1107).
Japanese: 堀河天皇（ほりかわてんのう、承暦3年7月9日（1079年8月8日）-嘉承2年7月19日（1107年8月9日））は平安時代後期の第73代天皇（在位1086年-1107年）。
English: On November 26, 1086, he became the crown prince; on the same day, at the age of eight years, he succeeded to the throne from his father.
Japanese: 応徳3年（1086年）11月26日、立太子と同日に、8歳で父から譲位され即位した。
English: The chancellor (chief advisor to the emperor), FUJIWARA no Morozane, became regent and the retired Emperor Shirakawa started to rule the cloister government in order to take full control of the politics.
Japanese: 関白藤原師実が摂政となるが、上皇となった白河院が院政を敷き、全権を掌握した。
English: The crown prince was Prince Munehito (the Emperor Toba), who was a child of FUJIWARA no Ishi, a high-ranking lady in the court (a wife of an Emperor) (the Empress Dowager, posthumously conferred); however, after Ishi died Prince Munehito was taken to Shirakawa in and nurtured in the palace.
Japanese: 女御藤原苡子（贈皇太后）との間に生まれた皇子宗仁親王（鳥羽天皇）を皇太子としたが、苡子が没すると宗仁親王は白河院に引き取られ、院の下で養育された。
English: The Emperor was under the tutelage of Princess Tokushi, who was an aunt and a high-ranking lady in the court (a wife of an Emperor); he was a good Emperor, being loved by courtiers, although he was weak; he died at 29 years of age while still in power.
Japanese: 叔母にあたる中宮篤子内親王の薫陶を受け、廷臣らに慕われた賢帝であったが病弱で、帝位にあるまま29歳で亡くなった。
English: There are detailed descriptions of his mortal moment in "The Sanuki no Suke Diary" written by his educator, Naishi no suke, FUJIWARA no Nagako.
Japanese: なお、臨終の様子は乳母子である典侍藤原長子の『讃岐典侍日記』に詳しい。
English: There was a theory that he had contracted malaria about 1901.
Japanese: ちなみに、マラリアに罹患していたとする説が、明治34年頃には、存在した。
English: The Emperor was entombed in Nochi no Enkyo-ji no Misasagi, Ryoan-ji, in the Ukyo Ward of Kyoto City.
Japanese: 京都市右京区竜安寺の後円教寺御陵（のちのえんきょうじのみささぎ）に葬られる。
English: Emperor Toba (February 24, 1103 - July 20, 1156) was the seventy-fourth Emperor in the late Heian period (his reign was from 1107 - 1123).
Japanese: 鳥羽天皇（とばてんのう、康和5年1月16日（1103年2月24日）-保元元年7月2日（1156年7月20日））は平安時代後期の第74代天皇（在位1107年-1123年）。
English: His mother, Ishi, died soon after the Emperor was born, and then he was then taken and raised by his grandfather, the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa.
Japanese: 生後間もなく母苡子が没し、祖父の白河法皇の下に引き取られて養育された。
English: In 1117, the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa's adopted daughter, FUJIWARA no Shoshi (Taiken mon in), made her bridal entry as an Imperial Consort into the court, whereupon she became the second consort of the Emperor, and had five boys and two girls.
Japanese: 永久5年（1117年）白河法皇の養女である藤原璋子（待賢門院）が入内、翌年中宮とし五男二女をもうける。
English: On January 23, 1123, the eldest child, Emperor Sutoku, succeeded to the throne; however, after this the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa retained control of the government.
Japanese: 保安4年（1123年）1月23日長子崇徳天皇に譲位、その後も実権は白河法皇が握り続けた。
English: The Emperor called back FUJIWARA no Tadazane, who was disfavored by the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa, and he then arranged his daughter, FUJIWARA no Taishi (Kaya no in) an Imperial Consort's bridal entry into the court, and filled all the significant posts with his close aides.
Japanese: 白河法皇に疎んじられていた藤原忠実を呼び戻して娘の藤原泰子（高陽院）を入内させるなど、院の要職を自己の側近で固める。
English: Furthermore, the Emperor loved FUJIWARA no Tokushi (Bifuku mon in), taking over as the second consort of the emperor, Shoshi who lost support from the Cloister government Goshirakawa, and appointed his son, Prince Narihito (the Emperor Konoe) to succeed the throne.
Japanese: さらに白河法皇の後ろ盾を失った中宮璋子にかわり、藤原得子（美福門院）を寵愛して、所生の皇子体仁親王（近衛天皇）を即位させた。