nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: 1941: The Honmon Hokke Sect and Honmyo Hokke Sect combined to form the Hokke Sect.
Japanese: 1941年（昭和16年）に宗教団体法により、本門法華宗と本妙法華宗と法華宗が合同し、法華宗と公称する。
English: 1951: Kocho-ji Temple (Shizuoka Prefecture), Jusen-ji Temple (Chiba Prefecture), Honno-ji Temple (Kyoto Prefecture) and Honko-ji Temple (Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture) became independent from the Hokke Sect and formed the Honmon School of Hokke Sect.
Japanese: 1951年（昭和26年）に光長寺（静岡県）、鷲山寺（千葉県）、本能寺（京都府）、本興寺(尼崎市)（兵庫県）が法華宗から独立し、法華宗本門流と公称する。
English: It is the name given to the Hindu goddess Saraswati when she was incorporated into Buddhism and Shinto.
Japanese: ヒンドゥー教の女神であるサラスヴァティー(Sarasvat&299)が仏教あるいは神道に取り込まれた呼び名である。
English: The kanji (Chinese characters) representation based on sutras is '弁才天,' but in Japan the character 'zai' (才) can also be written as a character meaning money (財), and this led the goddess to become worshipped as a goddess of wealth and expressed as '弁財天.'
Japanese: 経典に準拠した漢字表記は本来「弁才天」だが、日本では「才」が「財」の音に通じることから財宝神としての性格が付与され、「弁財天」と表記する場合も多い。
English: In Buddhism, she is considered to be the same god as Myon-bosatsu (Bodhisattva of music).
Japanese: 仏教においては、妙音菩薩（みょうおんぼさつ）と同一視されることがある。
English: Temple halls that have Benzaiten as their principal image are given names such a Benten-do, Benten-sha.
Japanese: なお、弁才天（弁財天）を本尊とする堂宇は、弁天堂、弁天社などと称されることが多い。
English: The original name 'Saraswati' is the Sanskrit name of a sacred river.
Japanese: 原語の「サラスヴァティー」は聖なる河の名を表わすサンスクリット語である。
English: She was originally a river goddess in ancient India but became a music goddess due to the association with the sound of flowing water, and is broadly worshipped as a goddess of fortune as well as arts and sciences.
Japanese: 元来、古代インドの河神であるが、河の流れる音からの連想から音楽神とされ、福徳神、学芸神など幅広い性格をもつ。
English: The eight armed representation is derived from the 'Daibenzaitennyo-hon' (chapter 15) teaching of the "Konko Myosai Sho-kyo" (Golden Light of the Most Victorious Kings Sutra), and the eight hands hold objects including a bow, arrow, hoko (long-handled Chinese spear), kanawa (iron ring) and lasso.
Japanese: 8臂像は『金光明最勝王経』「大弁才天女品（ほん）」所説によるもので、8本の手には弓、矢、矛（ほこ）、鉄輪、羂索（けんさく、投げ縄）などを持つと説かれる。
English: The two armed representation depicting the goddess playing a biwa (Japanese flute) can be seen in the Womb Realm Mandala of the Mandala of the Two Realms used in Esoteric Buddhism.
Japanese: 一方、2臂で琵琶を奏する形の像は、密教で用いる両界曼荼羅のうちの胎蔵曼荼羅中にその姿が見える。
English: However, the two armed image seen in the Womb Realm Mandala is not the goddess image that became widely worshipped in Japan but the bodhisattva form.
Japanese: ただし、胎蔵曼荼羅中に見える2臂像は、後世日本で広く信仰された女神像ではなく、菩薩形の像である。
English: Worship of Benzaiten had already begun by the Nara period, and the eight armed standing statue (modeled statue) housed in the Hokke-do hall (Sangatsu-do Hall) of Todai-ji Temple is highly valuable as Japan's oldest such work despite extensive damage.
Japanese: 日本での弁才天信仰はすでに奈良時代に始まっており、東大寺法華堂（三月堂）安置の8臂の立像（塑像）は、破損甚大ながら、日本最古の作例として貴重である。
English: Heian period representations of Benzaiten are almost unheard of, and Kamakura period works are extremely rare.
Japanese: その後、平安時代には弁才天の作例はほとんど知られず、鎌倉時代の作例もごく少数である。
English: The Benzaiten statue (two armed seated statue) at Shirakumo-jinja Shrine in Kyoto is unique as it is the same bodhisattva form playing a biwa that can be seen in the Womb Realm Mandala.
Japanese: 京都・白雲神社の弁才天像（2臂の坐像）は、胎蔵曼荼羅に見えるのと同じく菩薩形で、琵琶を演奏する形の珍しい像である。
English: This statue is said to have been worshipped by biwa expert Daijo daijin (Chancellor of the Realm) FUJIWARA no Moronaga, and has an early Kamakura period style, and is considered to be the oldest two armed Benzaiten statue in Japan.
Japanese: この像は琵琶の名手として知られた太政大臣藤原師長が信仰していた像と言われ、様式的にも鎌倉時代初期のもので、日本における2臂弁才天の最古例と見なされている。
English: Other statues known to date from the same period consist of that at Koki-ji Temple in Kanan-cho, Osaka Prefecture (two armed seated statue) and that at Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine in Kamakura (two armed seated statue) which is inscribed with the year 1266.
Japanese: 同時代の作例としては他に大阪府河南町・高貴寺像（2臂坐像）や、文永3年（1266年）の銘がある鎌倉・鶴岡八幡宮像（2臂坐像）が知られる。
English: In the middle ages, worship of Benzaiten syncretized with the Shinto and indigenous Japanese water god Ichikishimahime no Mikoto (or the Munataka Sanjojin (three goddess enshrined at Munakata-jinja Shrine) and Ugajin (unknown descent.
Japanese: 中世以降、弁才天信仰は神道と日本土着の水神である市杵島姫命（もしくは宗像三女神）や宇賀神（出自不明。
English: In the early modern period, Benzaiten became considered one of the so called 'Seven Gods of Fortune' and was syncretized with Ugajin, the god of agriculture and cereals and many images were made depicting her as Ugajin (an elderly form with the head of a human and the body of a serpent).
Japanese: 近世、いわゆる「七福神」の1つとして祀られる弁才天像は、農業神・穀物神である宇賀神と習合して、頭上に宇賀神像（人頭蛇身の老人像）をいただく形の像が多く見られる。
English: Due to her original role as an Indian river goddess, she is often enshrined in places deeply connected to the water such as watersides, islands and ponds.
Japanese: また、元来、インドの河神であることから、日本でも水辺、島、池など水に深い関係のある場所に祀られることが多い。
English: Enoshima-jinja Shrine in Kanagawa Prefecture (now enshrining the Munataka Sanjojin), Hogon-ji Temple in Chikubu Island, Shiga Prefecture and Daigan-ji Temple (Hatsukaichi City) on Itsukushima Island are referred to as 'The Three Great Benzaiten of Japan,' and all face the sea or a lake (there are different opinions that claim other temples and shrines comprise the 'The Three Great Benzaiten of Japan').
Japanese: 「日本三大弁才天」と称される神奈川県江の島（今は宗像三女神を祭っている)・江島神社、滋賀県竹生島・宝厳寺、厳島・大願寺(廿日市市)はいずれも海や湖に面している（いずれの社寺を「日本三大弁才天」と見なすかについては異説もある）。
English: Tenkawa-jinja Shrine in Nara Prefecture originally enshrined Benzaiten but it is well known that the shrine now enshrines her as Ichikishimahime no Mikoto.
Japanese: もともと弁財天を祭神としていたが現在は市杵島姫命として祀る良く知られた神社として、奈良県の天河神社がある。
English: Sites enshrining Benzaiten were built throughout Japan as the worship of Benzaiten spread, but many of these strongly Shinto Benten-sha halls became Shinto shrines as a result of the separation of Buddhism and Shinto during the Meiji period.
Japanese: 弁天信仰の広がりとともに各地に弁才天を祀る社が建てられたが、神道色の強かった弁天社は、明治の神仏分離の際に多くは神社となった。
English: In addition, it became common to write the 'zai' (才) character of Benzaiten using a character meaning money (財), and she came to be worshipped as a goddess of wealth and expressed as '弁財天.'
Japanese: また、弁才天の「才」の字が「財」に通じることから財宝神としての性格をもつようになり、「弁財天」と書かれることが多くなった。
English: Zeniarai Benten Shrine in Kamakura (now officially named Ugafuku-jinja Shrine) is a typical example of this phenomenon as it is believed that washing money in the spring within the cave in the shrine precinct will cause many times the amount to come to the bearer.
Japanese: 鎌倉の銭洗弁天（現在は正式には宇賀福神社）はその典型的な例で、同神社境内奥の洞窟内の湧き水で持参した銭を洗うと、数倍になって返ってくるという信仰がある。
English: As described above, worship of Benzaiten since the early modern period has taken on a complicated form in which Buddhism, Shinto and folk beliefs have merged.
Japanese: 以上のように、近世以降の弁才天信仰は、仏教、神道、民間信仰が混交して、複雑な様相を示している。
English: The kanji representation of the name 'Saraswati' is 'Benzaiten' (辯才天) but, for the reasons stated above, the 'zai' (才) character is also written using the character meaning money (辨財天).
Japanese: 「サラスヴァティー」の漢訳は「辯才天」であるが、既述の理由により日本ではのちに「辨財天」とも書かれるようになった。
English: Two characters of ben '辯' and '辨' are pronounced the same but have different meanings, so 'benzai' could mean either 'eloquence' (in speech and ability) or 'the accumulation of wealth' depending on the characters used.
Japanese: 「辯」と「辨」とは音は同じであるが、異なる意味を持つ漢字であり、「辯才（言語・才能）」「辨財（財産をおさめる）」を「辯財」「辨才」で代用することはできない。
English: After the war, the toyo kanji (kanji for general use) reform meant that the two traditional ben '辯' and '辨' characters were replaced by a single simplified character '弁' that is now generally used to write the name Benzaiten '弁才天' or '弁財天.'
Japanese: 戦後、当用漢字の制定により「辯」と「辨」はともに「弁」に統合されたので、現在は「弁才天」または「弁財天」と書くのが一般的である。
English: A strength that belies his age, English language proficiency and a speaking style full of kindness and humor have provided inspiration and confidence to many.
Japanese: 高齢を感じさせない豪快な迫力、英語も堪能、優しさとユーモアにあふれる語り口は我々に生きる力と自信を与えてくれる。
English: Dekiru Dekiru!! Nandemo Dekiru!! (Columbia Music Entertainment, 1978, interviewer - Motoomi KOMATSU)
Japanese: 出来る出来る!!何でも出来る!!(日本コロムビア、1978年、聞き手…小松素臣)
English: Hojoe is a religious ritual in which captive animals are released into the wild to admonish against the taking of life.
Japanese: 放生会（ほうじょうえ）とは、捕獲した魚や鳥獣を野に放し、殺生を戒める宗教儀式である。
English: Buddhism is based on the precept 'forbidding the taking of life,' and this was adopted by Shinto as a result of the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism in Japan.
Japanese: 仏教の戒律である「殺生戒」を元とし、日本では神仏習合によって神道にも取り入れられた。
English: The ritual encompasses harvest festivals and thanksgiving festivals, and is conducted in spring and autumn in Buddhist temples and Hachimanshin (God of War) throughout Japan.
Japanese: 収穫祭・感謝祭の意味も含めて春または秋に全国の寺院や八幡神で催される。
English: Particularly the Hojoe (Also known in Fukuoka as 'Hojo-ya') held at Hakozaki-gu Shrine in Fukuoka Prefecture is counted as one of the three great festivals of Hakata, and those conducted by Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine in Kyoto City and Usa-jingu Shrine in Oita Prefecture are known as major events that draw large numbers of tourists.
Japanese: 特に福岡県の筥崎宮の放生会（福岡では「ほうじょうや」と呼ぶ）は博多三大祭の1つに数えられ、他にも京都市の石清水八幡宮、大分県の宇佐神宮など多くの観光客を集める一大イベントとして知られている。
English: In Rusui choja (sresthin "Flowing Water") chapter of the "Konkomyo-kyo Sutra" (Golden Light Sutra), there is a Jataka tale (Buddhist Tale) that tells how when Sakyamuni Buddha's previous incarnation, Rusui choja, helped countless fish that faced death when a large lake dried up and released them to safety, the fish were reincarnated into the Heaven of the Thirty-three Celestials and repaid Rusui choja for his kindness.
Japanese: 『金光明経』長者子流水品には、釈迦仏の三世であった流水（るすい）長者が、大きな池で水が涸渇して死にかけた無数の魚たちを助けて説法をして放生したところ、魚たちは三十三天に転生して流水長者に感謝報恩したというジャータカが説かれている。
English: Hojoe as a Buddhist ritual is believed to have began with Chinese Tendai Sect founder Zhiyi who, in light of the story of Rusui choja was saddened by the sight of fishermen discarding small fish, sold his possessions to buy these fish and set them free.
Japanese: 仏教儀式としての放生会は、中国天台宗の開祖智ギは、この流水長者の本生譚によって、漁民が雑魚を捨てている様子を見て憐れみ、自身の持ち物を売っては魚を買い取って放生池に放したことに始まるとされる。
English: In addition, the passage 'Release life on lunar New Year's Day to show your gratitude' in 'Liezi' (Taoism book) is the basis of conducting Hojoe at Buddhist temples.
Japanese: また「列子」には「正旦に生を放ちて、恩あるを示す」とあることから、寺院で行なわれる放生会の基となっている。
English: The practice in Shinto began in 676 when Emperor Tenmu issued a decree for the release of caged animals, and came to be carried out at times of natural disaster and during religious festivals.
Japanese: 神道においては、676年に天武天皇より放生の勅が出され、天変地異や祭礼の際に放生を行なったことに始まりました。
English: The first Hojoe ritual is thought to have been that held at Usa-jingu Shrine in 720 as a reparation for the deeds that took the lives of numerous soldiers in the conflicts up to that time (it is written in the history of Usa-jingu Shrine that this was conducted as a ritual to repose the souls of the Hayato people who were massacred by the Yamato Sovereignty during the subjugation of Kyushu).
Japanese: 720年（養老4年）それまでの戦において多くの兵の命を奪った罪への禊ぎとして宇佐神宮で行なわれたのが放生会の最初とされる（宇佐神宮の縁起にはヤマト王権が九州平定の際に隼人を殺戮したことへの鎮魂儀式であると記されている）。
English: The ritual was first conducted at Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine in 863, and became an event attended by an imperial envoy in 948.
Japanese: 石清水八幡宮では863年（貞観_(日本)4年）に始まり、その後948年（天暦2年）に勅祭となった。
English: The use of the Buddhist deity name Hachiman Daibosatsu was prohibited by the Meiji government in 1868 as a result of the separation of Buddhism and Shinto, leading Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine and Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gu Shrine to conduct Mid-autumn festivals instead of Hojoe.
Japanese: 1868年（明治1年）、神仏分離のため仏教的神号の八幡大菩薩が明治政府によって禁止され、石清水八幡宮や鶴岡八幡宮の放生会は中秋祭に改めさせられた。
English: Kofuku-ji Temple also participates in the Hojoe of Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine but the spring ritual of the temple and the autumn ritual of the shrine are remnants from the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism.
Japanese: 興福寺は石清水八幡宮の放生会にも参加しているが、興福寺内で行なわれる春は仏教、石清水八幡宮で行なわれる秋は神仏習合の名残としての儀式である。
English: The name of Hosho-ji Temple (Shinjuku-ku Ward, Tokyo Prefecture) in Waseda, Tokyo, consists of the 'Hojo' characters of Hojoe.
Japanese: 東京早稲田にある放生寺(東京都新宿区)（ほうしょうじ）は、寺号に「放生」の名を持つ。
English: It is said that the temple was given the temple's name 'Hosho-ji' by Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, 3rd Tokugawa Shogun, in 1649 as it had been deeply revered by the Tokugawa shogun family since the time of its founding.
Japanese: この寺号は、開創当時より徳川将軍家より厚い崇信を受け、1649年（慶安2年）、徳川三代目将軍徳川家光より「放生寺(東京都新宿区)」という寺号を受けたものである。
English: A 'Hojo Kuyo Hoyo' is held every year on Health and Sports Day, which is the ritual event that fish are released into the pond within the precinct in order to give thanks to the animals that are eaten on a daily basis.
Japanese: 現在は毎年体育の日に、日々食事で魚介、鳥、動物等の命をいただく事に感謝をする「放生供養法要」を厳修し、境内の放生池に魚を放流する。
English: It is often said that services for pets are conducted at Hosho-ji Temple (Shinjuku-ku Ward, Tokyo Prefecture) but this is not true.
Japanese: よく放生寺(東京都新宿区)でペット供養が行われているといわれているが、これは間違いである。
English: Formally held on August 15 of the old calendar but is now held over three days ending with Health and Sports Day (from Saturday to Monday).
Japanese: 正式には旧暦8月15日(旧暦)であるが、現在は体育の日を最終日とする3日間（土曜日～月曜日）に催される。
English: The name of the ceremony has been changed to 'Chushu-sai' (Mid-autumn Festival) but is referred to as 'Hojoe' by all involved with the exceptions of the media and tourists.
Japanese: 「仲秋祭」という名に改称されているものの、マスコミや観光客に限らず氏神など関係者も「放生会」と呼んでいる。
English: The ceremony at this shrine is thought to be the origin of the Hojoe in Shinto but is unique in several ways.
Japanese: 神道における放生会の起源であるとされるが、その内容はいくつかの点で独特である。
English: The animals released during the Hojoe are Terebralia palustris snails (whereas ordinarily fish and birds are used for a more dramatic effect).
Japanese: 放生会で放されるのは蜷（巻貝）である（通常は演出効果の意味もあり魚や鳥が使われる）。
English: Several shrines in Northern Kyushu come together to participate in the procession, with the holy bronze mirror in which the god is thought to reside being offered by Komiya Hachiman-gu Shrine.
Japanese: 北九州にある幾つもの神社が神幸に加わり、古宮八幡宮から神道となる銅鏡が奉納されるなど、北部九州の神社が一体となって行なわれる。
English: The Hojoe at the shrine dates from roughly the same period when the Hachimanshin was transferred from Usa-jingu Shrine, and became an event attended by an imperial envoy in 948 as well as being one of the most important annual festivals in Kyoto.
Japanese: 宇佐神宮より八幡神を勧請したのとほぼ同時期に放生会も伝わり、948年（天暦2年）には勅祭として執り行われるようになるなど、京都の年中行事の中でも重要な祭の1つであった。
English: Although it was prohibited as a result of the separation of Buddhism and Shinto during the Meiji period, it carries on as the Iwashimizu Festival but many of the traditions have been lost.
Japanese: しかし明治期の神仏分離によって禁止され、石清水祭として残るものの、伝統の多くが失われていった。
English: After an absence of 137 years, the "Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine Hojo Taikai" was revived in 2004 by volunteers in its original joint Buddhist and Shinto form, and is conducted in a fashion reminiscent of ancient Hojoe.
Japanese: 2004年、『石清水八幡宮放生大会』として有志等の手により137年ぶりに古来からの神仏習合としての儀式が復活し、かつての放生会が推測できるような形での祭が行なわれている。
English: Held from September 12 -18 every year and is one of the three great festivals of Hakata.
Japanese: 例年9月12日～9月18日に博多三大祭の1つとして盛大に行なわれる。
English: It is thought of as a typically autumn festival as some say 'pears and persimmons are sold at hojoe.'
Japanese: 「ナシもカキも放生会」と言われるほど、秋の行事として親しまれている祭である。
English: Hojoe served as entertainment for the masses during the Edo period, and it was recorded that the number of visitors who assembled for Hojoe at Tomioka Hachiman-gu Shrine was so great that their weight caused the Eidai-bashi bridge to collapse in 1807.
Japanese: 江戸時代の放生会は民衆の娯楽としての意味合いが強く、1807年（文化(元号)4年）には富岡八幡宮の放生会例大祭に集まった参拝客の重みで永代橋が崩落するという事故も記録されている。
English: Zasu in Buddhism term generally refers to the top priest of the Japanese Tendai Sect, Tendai-zasu (chief abbot).
Japanese: 仏教用語における座主とは、一般に日本の天台宗のトップ、天台座主（管長）の事を指す。
English: While this term originally referred to priests or chief priests who had the ability to unite many priests, later it came to mean the top priests in the Enryaku-ji Temple, which required the approval from the Imperial court in order to control all of the Tendai Sect.
Japanese: 本来は仏教寺院において衆僧を束ねられる程の力量を持った僧や住持の事を指すが、後に延暦寺においてトップの僧を座主と呼ぶようになり、天台宗全体を統括するため、朝廷の承認が必要となった。
English: After Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism) in the Meiji period, approval from the Imperial Court was no longer necessary and the term was used as the title of the chief priest in Tendai Sect temples.
Japanese: 明治の廃仏毀釈以降は朝廷の承認がなくなり、天台宗管長の敬称として使用されるようになった。
English: It is used, not only in Enryaku-ji Temple, but also in Kongobu-ji Temple, Daigo-ji Temple, Hossho-ji Temple, Gankei-ji Temple, and so on.
Japanese: また、延暦寺以外でも金剛峯寺・醍醐寺・法性寺・元慶寺などの寺院でも使用されている。
English: After the examinations, a successful applicant visited the examiners to show his gratitude for allowing him to pass the examinations and they made a contract as teacher and student.
Japanese: 科挙受験後、合格者は選抜してくれたことへの感謝の意を込めて担当試験官を訪問し、そこで師弟の契りを結ぶ。
English: Such relationships did not seem problematic from the viewpoint of a relationship between a successful Kakyo applicant and the examiner in charge, however, they produced bureaucratic alliances, which created a breeding ground for the development of factions.
Japanese: 科挙及第者と担当試験官との間の私的な関係という面では、問題のないものと見えるが、これが機縁となって、科挙官僚中に党派が生まれ、それが党争に発展する温床となった。
English: So, the denshi (palace examination as the final step of scholarly career in China) system was created in the Baisong period in order to abolish these negative effects.
Japanese: そのため北宋代にその弊害を除去することを目的として、殿試の制度が生まれた。
English: The theory was that if the ultimate examiner was the Emperor, zasu being the Emperor, the Emperor and each Kakyo bureaucrat already had the teacher-student relationship, irrelevant of bureaucratic parties.
Japanese: つまり、最終的な試験官が皇帝ということになれば、座主は皇帝であるから、官僚中の派閥とは無関係に、皇帝と個々の科挙官僚との間に師弟の関係ができるという論理である。
English: Nichiyo (1556 - January 1, 1641, Japan) was a Shingon Sect priest in the Edo period.
Japanese: 日誉（にちよ、弘治_(日本)2年（1556年）-寛永17年11月20日(旧暦)（1641年1月1日））は、江戸時代の真言宗の僧侶である。
English: He went to Mt. Koya to escape from Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's attacks on Negoro in 1585, and later assumed the position of the chief priest at Saikoin Temple in his homeland, Monma-mura Village, Musashi Province (present-day Miyashiro-machi, Minami Saitama-gun, Saitama Prefecture).
Japanese: 天正13年、豊臣秀吉の根来攻めの兵乱を逃れて高野山に登り、後に故郷の武蔵国・百間村（現埼玉県南埼玉郡宮代町）の西光院の住職となる。
English: After a while he was taught by Senyo Sojo (high-ranking Buddhist priest) at Hase-dera Temple in Nara, and became absorbed in the secrets of the Shingon Sect by Genyu Sojo at Chishakuin Temple.
Japanese: しばらくして奈良・長谷寺にて専誉僧正の教えを受け、さらに智積院の玄宥僧正に随って真言宗の奥義を究める。
English: He was favored and valued highly by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and was appointed as the third noge (master) of Chishakuin Temple by the order of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in December, 1612.
Japanese: 徳川家康の知遇と評価を得て、その幕命により慶長17年（1612年）11月、智積院の第三世の能化職に就任する。
English: After that time, he was deeply trusted by Ieyasu and Hidetada TOKUGAWA and additionally was given a temple estate 300 koku (approximately, 54 cubic meters) as a reward for his prayers for victory in the Siege of Osaka.
Japanese: 以降、家康・徳川秀忠の信認厚く、元和(日本)元年（1615年）、大坂の役の戦勝祈願の論功により、寺領300石の加増を受ける。
English: He was also granted Shoun-zenji Temple, which was built by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and established the foundation of Chizan (School) as Chishakuin in Negoro-ji Temple on Mt. Ihobuttcho.
Japanese: さらに、豊臣秀吉が建てた祥雲禅寺を下賜され、改めて五百仏頂山根来寺智積院として智山の基礎を確立した。
English: He was appointed as gon no sojo (a high ranking priest, next to a sojo) in August, 1617, retired from the position of noge in the winter of 1631, and passed away in January 1, 1641 at the age of 85.
Japanese: 元和3年（1617年）8月に権僧正に任ぜられ、寛永8年（1631年）冬に能化職を隠退し、寛永17年11月20日、85歳で寂す。
English: Shukyu BANRI (October 26, 1428 - ?) was a Zen priest and kajin (waka poet) in the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 万里集九（ばんりしゅうく、1428年10月17日（正長元年9月9日(旧暦)）-没年不詳）は、室町時代の禅僧、歌人である。
English: He became a priest at Yomeiin, Tofuku-ji Temple of the Rinzai Sect in Kyoto, conducted ascetic practices at Unchoin of Shokoku-ji Temple in Kyoto, and studied under Daikei Sokai.
Japanese: 京都の臨済宗東福寺永明院で僧となり、京都相国寺雲頂院で修行、大圭宗价に師事する。
English: When Shokoku-ji Temple was burned down in the Onin war, which started in 1467, Shukyu left the capital for Omi and then other places.
Japanese: 1467年からの応仁の乱で相国寺が焼失すると都を離れ、近江などへ移る。
English: Then, Shukyu moved to Owari Province and Mikawa Province and in 1485 he was invited to stay at Edo-jo Castle by Dokan OTA.
Japanese: その後は尾張国、三河国へ移り、1485年には太田道灌に招かれて江戸城に滞在する。
English: After Dokan was assassinated by Sadamasa UESUGI in 1486, Shukyu was forced by Sadamasa to stay at Edo-jo Castle for a while.
Japanese: 1486年に道灌が上杉定正に暗殺されると、しばらくは定正に留められる。
English: His literary works included "Joshokenki" (literally, records at Joshoken Keep), "Anthology Baika Mujinzo," a collection of Chinese poems about his travels to Togoku (seven volumes and it is said to have been completed in 1506).
Japanese: 著作に『静勝軒記』、漢詩文集の東国旅行記『梅花無尽蔵』(7巻、永正3年（1506年）完成と言われる)など。
English: Shobo (832 - July 30, 909) was a Shingon Sect priest in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 聖宝（しょうぼう、天長9年(832年)-延喜9年7月6日(旧暦)(909年8月29日)）は、平安時代初期の真言宗の僧。
English: Shobo studied the doctrine of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism (Shingon Sect), traveling to Nanto (southern capital (Nara)) to study the doctrine of Mahayana Buddhism (Sanron Sect, Hosso Sect and Kegon Sect).
Japanese: 真言密教（真言宗）の教学を学び、南都に遊学して大乗教学（三論宗・法相宗・華厳宗）を修めた。
English: While his mentor, Shinga had importance for intercommunion with aristocratic society, Shobo kept himself detached from the society.
Japanese: 貴顕社会との交流を重視した師真雅に対して、華美や権勢と一定の距離を置いた。
English: Shobo's following activities were thought to form a marked contrast to Shinga's behavior: Shobo conducted mountain ascetic practices on Mt. Kinpu in Yoshino, and, by adoring EN no Gyoja (A semi-legendary holy man noted for his practice of mountain asceticism during the second half of the 7 century) in his heart, revived the mountaineering asceticism training in Mt. Omine, which was thought to have been abandoned after the disappearance of EN no Gyoja.
Japanese: 吉野の金峰山（きんぷせん）で山岳修行を行い、また役行者に私淑して、以降途絶えていた修験道、即ち大峯山での修験道修行を復興したことで、真雅の活動と好対照とされる。
English: After his mentor's death, he climbed up Mt. Koya at the age of 49, and received a secret art of both the vajra (the Diamond Realm) and garbha (the Womb Realm) mandalas from Shinzen, Shinga's disciple.
Japanese: 師の死後、49歳で高野山に上がり、真雅の資（弟子）真然から金胎両部の秘法を受けた。
English: He received denpo-kanjo (the consecration for the Transmission of the Dharma) from Gennin of Nanchiin of To-ji Temple at the age of 53, was given the position of Ajari (a master in Esoteric Buddhism; a high priest) to became the head of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism succeeding Kukai at the age of 56.
Japanese: 53歳で東寺南池院源仁から伝法灌頂を受け、56歳で阿闍梨位を得て、空海以来の真言密教正嫡となる。
English: He also made a base of San-lun (Three Shastras) Teachings by establishing Tonanin Temple in Todai-ji Temple, which should not be overlooked by the two following viewpoints; Shobo's high evaluation of Chugan (Intermediate) or Hannya-ku (the truth that nothing is substantial, void, taught in the Heart Sutra) and Kukai's adjusting ceremonies to Shingon Esoteric Buddhism at major temples at Nanto.
Japanese: 一方で東大寺に東南院を建立して三論教学の拠点を築いたが、これは聖宝の中観／般若空重視の態度という観点からだけではなく、宗祖空海によって実施された南都大寺における儀礼の真言密教化という観点からも見落とすべきではない。
English: Shingon Esoteric Buddhism itself developed based on the doctrine of the Kegon-kyo (Avatamsaka Sutra).
Japanese: そもそも真言教学それ自体は、華厳経の教説を基盤として展開するものである。