nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Ryonin (February 26, 1073 ? - February 26, 1132) was a Buddhist priest of Tendai Sect in the late Heian period and the founder of Yuzu Nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) Sect.
Japanese: 良忍（りょうにん、延久5年1月1日(旧暦)（1073年2月10日）？-天承2年2月1日(旧暦)（1132年2月19日））は、平安時代後期の天台宗の僧で、融通念仏宗の開祖。
English: He became a monk of Jogyozanmai-do Temple of Toto on Mt. Hiei and while engaging in zoyaku (odd jobs), he practiced Fudan Nenbutsu (chanting Nenbutsu throughout the day) under the guidance of Ryoga.
Japanese: 比叡山東塔常行三昧堂の堂僧となり、雑役をつとめながら、良賀に師事、不断念仏を修める。
English: When he was 22 or 23 years old, he entered a secluded life at Ohara in Kyoto and devoted to praying to Buddha but in the meantime, he founded Raigoin Temple (Sakyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City) and Jorengein Temple (some assert that Jakkoin Temple was also founded by Ryonin) and completed Ohara Shomyo (Buddhist liturgical chant) by unifying the divided Tendai Shomyo.
Japanese: 22歳から23歳のころ京都大原に隠棲して念仏三昧の一方で、来迎院(京都市左京区)・浄蓮華院を創建し（寂光院も良忍による創建説がある）、また分裂していた天台声明の統一をはかり、大原声明を完成させた。
English: In 1117, he received the manifestation of Amida-Buddha and created Yuzu Nenbutsu based on the thought that Nenbutsu recited by oneself and others can be united with each other or 'Nenbutsu recited by a person can be nenbutsu for everybody,' and thereafter he advocated rebirth in Jodo (pure land) by means of Shomyo Nenbutsu (Invocation of the Buddha's Name) and made propagation at various places while carrying a meicho (name list) that was to be used for recording the names of people who made a connection with Buddha.
Japanese: 1117年（永久(元号)5年）阿弥陀仏の示現を受け、「1人の念仏が万人の念仏に通じる」という自他の念仏が相即融合しあうという立場から融通念仏を創始し、称名念仏で浄土に生まれると説き、結縁した人々の名を記入する名帳を携えて各地で勧進を行った。
English: According to the dream of Buddha's oracle that Ryonin had when he confined himself in Shitenno-ji Temple, he founded Shuraku-ji Temple at the residence of SAKANOUE no Hirono, then the feudal lord of Hirano-sho, Sumiyoshi-gun, Settsu Province (present Hirano-ku Ward, Osaka City), and it was the predecessor of Dainenbutsu-ji Temple, the head temple of the Yuzu Nenbutsu Sect.
Japanese: 四天王寺に参籠した時に見た霊夢により、摂津国住吉郡平野庄（現大阪市平野区）の領主の坂上広野の邸宅地に開いた修楽寺が、その後の融通念仏の総本山の大念仏寺の前身である。
English: Shoshun TOSANOBO (1143 - November 26, 1185) was busho (Japanese military commander) as well as a Buddhist priest in the last Heian period.
Japanese: 土佐坊昌俊（とさのぼうしょうしゅん、康治2年（1143年）-文治元年10月26日(旧暦)（1185年11月19日））は、平安時代末期の武将・僧侶。
English: When Shigeie SHIBUYA, who had been without child for a long time, prayed for the birth of a child, he received the oracle of Kongoyashamyoo (金剛夜叉明王) and was blessed with a baby boy soon and therefore, he named his son Konnomaru (金王丸) using the first and last Chinese characters of 金剛夜叉明王 (Kongoyashamyoo).
Japanese: なかなか子の授からない渋谷重家が祈願すると、金剛夜叉明王のお告げがあり、程なく男子が誕生したことから、金剛夜叉明王の上下の文字を戴き「金王丸」と命名したと言う。
English: He accompanied Yoshitomo for the Heiji War in 1159, but after Yoshitomo was defeated by TAIRA no Kiyomori, he went to Owari along with Yoshitomo who left from the battle line.
Japanese: 平治元年（1159年）の平治の乱でも義朝に従っていたが、義朝が平清盛に敗れると、義朝に従って戦線離脱し、尾張まで赴く。
English: When Yoshitomo was murdered by Tadamune OSADA in Owari in 1160, he tried to take revenge but failed, and broke through the enemy line by slaying tens of Osada's soldiers while covered all over with wounds.
Japanese: そして永暦元年（1160年）に尾張において義朝が長田忠致のために謀殺されると、その仇を討とうとしたが果たせず、長田の兵士に取り囲まれる中で敵兵数十名を斬り殺すという凄腕を見せて満身創痍になりながらも敵中を突破する。
English: After returning to Kyoto, he informed Tokiwa Gozen of Yoshitomo's death and thereafter, he entered the priesthood as a priest of Saikon-do of Kofuku-ji Temple in order to pray for Yoshitomo and called himself Shoshun TOSANOBO.
Japanese: そして、京都に戻り常盤御前に義朝の死を知らせた後、義朝の菩提を弔うために出家し、興福寺西金堂の衆徒となり、土佐坊昌俊と号した。
English: Thereafter, he was captured by Sanehira DOI because he committed an outrage in Hari no sho Manor in Yamoto Province.
Japanese: その後、大和国針の荘において乱暴を働いたことから、土肥実平によって捕らえられた。
English: However, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who was also engaged in the Heiji War and remembered Konnomaru SHIBUYA, appreciated Shoshun's loyalty to his father and employed Shoshun as a vassal whilst pardoning the crime.
Japanese: しかし、自らも平治の乱を戦い、父の義朝に従うかつての渋谷金王丸の記憶を持つ源頼朝が父に対する忠誠心などを評価したため、罪を許して家臣として迎えた。
English: At the secret behest of Yoritomo, he tried in November of 1185 to assassinate Yoshitsune by assaulting his residence, located at Horikawa in Kyoto, but failed.
Japanese: 文治元年10月（1185年11月）、頼朝の密命を受けて京都堀河にある源義経屋敷を襲撃し、義経暗殺を謀ったが失敗する。
English: Subsequently, he escaped to Mt. Kurama but was captured by Yoshitsune's soldiers and on November 26, he was decapitated at the Rokujo-gawara riverbed and his head was kept on public display.
Japanese: その後、鞍馬山に逃走したが義経の手勢によって捕縛され、同年10月26日に六条河原にて斬首のうえ、晒し首とされたのである。
English: Shibuya in Tokyo, where Konno Hachiman-jinja Shrine is located, coincides with Yamori no sho Manor of Toshima-gun in Musashi Province that was awarded in 1051 to KAWASAKi no Kaja Motoie of Chichibu Party, who was a grandfather of Shoshin TOSANOBO and insisted that he was a descendant of Prince Takamochi, a grandson of Emperor Kanmu, for his military exploits in Zen Kunen no Eki (Former Nine Years' Campaign).
Japanese: 金王八幡神社（こんのうはちまんじんじゃ）が鎮座する東京都の渋谷は、土佐坊昌俊の祖父、桓武天皇の孫高望王の子孫と名乗る秩父党の河崎冠者基家(かわさきの・かじゃ・もといえ)が、1051年（永承6年）に、前九年の役での武功により与えられた武蔵国豊島郡谷盛庄（としまぐん・やもりのしょう）にあたる。
English: It is believed that Hachiman-jinja Shrine occupies a part of the site of Shibuya-jo Castle, which used to be the castle of successive Shibuya clans, and it was constructed in 1092 by Motoie KAWASAKI at a corner of the castle.
Japanese: また同八幡神社は渋谷氏歴代の居城渋谷城址の一部で、1092年（寛治6年）に河崎基家が城内の一角に創建したと伝えられる。
English: Even at present, Konnomaru-eido Hall, which enshrines Shoshin TOSANOBO, namely Konnomaru SHIBUYA, is located at the corner of Konno Hachiman-jinja Shrine and next to it, there exists a stone that has been handed down as 'the stone used for the fortress of Shibuya Castle.'
Japanese: 今も金王八幡神社の一隅には、土佐坊昌俊こと渋谷金王丸を祀る金王丸影堂があり、傍らに「渋谷城・砦の石」と伝わる石塊が残る。
English: Fujufuse (Not Receive and Not Give) School of the Nichiren Sect is a sect whose founder was Nichiren and the school founder was Nichio.
Japanese: 日蓮宗不受不施派（にちれんしゅうふじゅふせは）は、日蓮を宗祖とし、日奥を派祖とする、日蓮門下の一派である。
English: In the Azuchi-momoyama Period, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, who was then kanpaku (chief advisor to the Emperor), ordered Nichiren Sect Buddhist monks to attend senso-kuyo (a memorial service conducted by one thousand priests) to be held for the purpose of praying for the repose of his late mother Omandokoro (1595).
Japanese: 安土桃山時代に関白豊臣秀吉が亡き母大政所の回向のための千僧供養に日蓮宗の僧侶も出仕を命じる事件が起きた（1595年）。
English: At that time, Nichiren Sect's Buddhist monks were split into two groups, namely the Jufuse School that insisted on attending in order to protect the sect, and the Fujufuse School that insisted on refusing attendance in accordance with the religious regulations of Fuju-fuse-gi(nothing could be received or given).
Japanese: このとき日蓮宗は出仕を受け入れ宗門を守ろうとする受不施派と、出仕を拒み不受不施義の宗規を守ろうとする不受不施派に分裂した。
English: Further, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA ordered Nichio and Nissho (belonging to the Jufuse School) to hold a debate at Osaka-jo Castle (Osaka Tairon (Debate in Osaka)) and banished Nichio, who didn't bow to authority, to Tsushima Province (1599).
Japanese: さらに徳川家康は大坂城で日奥と日紹（受不施派）を対論させ（大阪城対論）、権力に屈しようとしない日奥を対馬国に流罪にした（1599年）。
English: In the Edo period, Nissen of Kuon-ji Temple on Mt. Minobu (Jufuse School) complained to bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) that Nichiju of Ikegami Honmon-ji Temple in Musashi Province (Fujufuse School) took believers out of Kuon-ji Temple on Mt. Minobu by slandering it (in 1630) and both schools held a debate at the behest of bakufu (Miike Tairon (Debate between Ikegami School and Minobu School)).
Japanese: 江戸時代に入ると身延山久遠寺（受不施派）の日暹は、武蔵国池上本門寺（不受不施派）日樹が身延山久遠寺を誹謗・中傷して信徒を奪ったと幕府に訴え（1630年）、幕府の命により両派が対論する事件が起きた（身池対論）。
English: At that time, as Kuon-ji Temple on Mt. Minobu had a close relationship with bakufu, including its privilege as motodera (head temple), it took advantage of such a relationship and as a result, the Fujufuse School, which was not appreciated by the ruler from a political standpoint, lost the case and the monks of the school were banished.
Japanese: しかしこのとき身延山久遠寺側は本寺としての特権を与えられるなど、幕府と強いコネクションをもっていたことからそれを活用し、結局政治的に支配者側からは都合の悪い不受不施派側は敗訴し、追放の刑に処されることになった。
English: Nichio was supposed to be banished to Tsushima again, but as he had already died, his ashes were banished.
Japanese: このとき日奥は再び対馬に配流されることになったが、既になくなっており、遺骨が配流されたとされる。
English: Bakufu then banned the Fujufuse School (in 1665), including a ban on terauke (to register with a temple in order to prove their Buddhist faith) (refer to the column on the terauke system) (the ban on terauke by the Fujufuse School), based on 'Tsuchimizu Kuyo-ron' (土水供養論) in which bakufu asserted that the temple's estate was the shogun's offering to a temple and drinking water while walking on a road was also the shogun's offering.
Japanese: そして幕府は、寺領を将軍の寺に対する供養とし、道を歩いて水を飲むのも国主の供養であるという「土水供養論」を展開し不受不施派に対し寺請（寺請制度参照）も認めない（不受不施派寺請禁止令）など、禁制宗派とした（1665年）。
English: Under such circumstances, some temples, such as Tanjo-ji Temple in Awa Kominato, secretly kept the doctrine of fujufuse by establishing 'Hiden School' (悲田派), which ostensibly compromised with bakufu using the pretext that the temple's estate was a charity to the poor, but such a fact was revealed and the monks involved were banished (in 1691).
Japanese: このとき安房小湊の誕生寺など一部のグループは寺領を貧者への慈悲と解釈して表向き幕府と妥協する「悲田派」と称する派をたて秘かに不受不施の教義を守っていたが、これも発覚し関係者は流罪に処せられた（1691年）。
English: Many of the believers of the Fujufuse School concealed themselves in Kazusa Province, Shimofusa Province and Awa Province, which had been Nichiren's home turf and Bizen Province and Bicchu Province (Okayama Domain) where Nichiren Sect believers had increased in the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 不受不施派の信者は日蓮の地元であった上総国、下総国、安房国や室町時代に日蓮宗勢力が拡大した備前国、備中国（岡山藩）に多く潜伏していた。
English: Like crypto-Christian, they also were searched severely and once arrested, they were punished or forced to submit written oaths of conversion.
Japanese: 彼らは厳しい摘発を受け、隠れキリシタンのように刑罰を受けるか、改宗の誓約書を取られるかした。
English: Although the believers of the Fujufuse School depended on other sects or schools for terauke, many of them were actually 'naishin' (内信), those who believed in the Fujufuse School at heart, and some ardent believers were ashamed of depending on other sects or schools for terauke and became 'donors (法立, horyu)' for the Fujufuse School by seceding from the school.
Japanese: 不受不施派の信者は、他宗他派に寺請をしてもらうが内心では不受不施派を信仰する「内信」となる者が多く、一部の強信者は他宗他派への寺請を潔しとせず無籍になって不受不施派の「施主（法立）」となった。
English: Buddhist monks of the Fujufuse school were called 'hocchu' and they were led by 'hoto' (the light of Buddhism) at each place.
Japanese: また不受不施派の僧侶は「法中」と呼ばれ、それを各地の「法燈」が率いた。
English: According to the doctrine of the Fujufuse School, as 'naishin' were distinguished from believers of fujufuse and were not allowed to donate offerings directly to 'hocchu,' these 'donors' played the role of mediating between them.
Japanese: そして不受不施派では教義上「内信」は不受不施の信者とは一線を画され直接「法中」に供養することが出来ず、「施主」がその間を仲介するという役割を果たした。
English: In this period, a dispute arose among the believers of fujufuse in Okayama concerning whether or not 'horyu' were allowed to act as doshi (Lead Chanter) and this dispute became a problem not only in Okayama but in the entire Fujufuse School.
Japanese: またこの時期岡山の不受不施派では、法立が導師を務めることが出来るか否かをめぐり導師不導師の論争が起こり岡山だけではなく不受不施派全体の問題となった。
English: Since then, the school was split into the Fudoshi School (Komon school) which was led by Nikko, who was in exile in Hyuga Province, and the Doshi School which was led by Nichigyo, who was in exile in Sanuki Province, and the former became Fujufuse Nichiren Komon School and the latter became the Fujufuse School of Nichiren Sect.
Japanese: そして、日向国に配流中の日講を中心とする不導師派（講門派）と讃岐国に配流中の日堯を中心とする導師派に分かれ、前者が不受不施日蓮講門宗の系統となり後者が日蓮宗不受不施派の系統となった。
English: After the Meiji Restoration, upon the request for restoration of the school and official government permission for the school's name, which was made by the Fujufuse School led by Shakunissho, the government promulgated (April 10, 1876) the restoration of the Fujufuse School and granted permission for the school's name on the grounds of religious liberty.
Japanese: 明治維新を迎えると、政府は釈日正を中心とした不受不施派から宗派再興、派名公許の懇願受け、信教の自由の名の下明治9年（1876年4月10日）、不受不施派の宗派再興､派名公許を布達した。
English: Thereafter, Shakunissho founded Ryuge Kyoin Temple in Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture, renamed it Myokaku-ji Temple after Nichio's Kyoto Myokaku-ji Temple and selected it as the head temple of Fujufuse School of Nichiren Sect (in 1882).
Japanese: これにより同年、釈日正は岡山県岡山市に竜華教院を創建し、その後日奥の京都妙覚寺の名をとり日蓮宗不受不施派の本山とした（1882年）。
English: In 1378, Nichijitsu constructed Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture).
Japanese: 1378年（永和4年）に日実は妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）を建立する。
English: In 1595, Nichio of Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture) refused to attend senso kuyo, held by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, while asserting fujufusegi and was oppressed.
Japanese: 1595年（文禄4年）に豊臣秀吉主催の千僧供養会に際し、妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）日奥は不受不施義を主張して出仕を拒否し、弾圧される。
English: In 1599, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA ordered Nichio, who was a monk of Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture) and represented Fujufuse School, and Nichiju, who was a monk of Honman-ji Temple (Kyoto Prefecture) and represented Jufuse school, to hold a debate at Osaka-jo Castle (Osaka tairon) and Nichio was banished.
Japanese: 1599年（慶長4年）に徳川家康は不受不施派の妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）日奥と受不施派の本満寺（京都府）日重を大阪城にて対論（大阪対論）させ、日奥は流罪となる。
English: In 1666, the Tokugawa shogunate issued Tsuchimizu Kuyo Rei (土水供養令, the act for kuyo (Buddhist memorial service) based on the thought that temple estates are regarded as kuyo of shogunate) and based on it, Nikko of Noro Danrin (Chiba Prefecture) was accused of teaching fujufusegi and was banished.
Japanese: 1666年（寛文6年）に徳川幕府は土水供養令を発令し、野呂檀林（千葉県）日講は不受不施義を講ずるものとして、日講は流罪となる。
English: In 1669, the Tokugawa shogunate banned terauke by the Fujufuse School and the school has been oppressed for a long time since then.
Japanese: 1669年（寛文9年）に徳川幕府は不受不施派の寺請を禁制とし、長く弾圧される。
English: In 1871, the Meiji Government abolished the terauke system and the ban was removed.
Japanese: 1871年（明治4年）に明治政府は寺請制度を廃止とし、禁制は解かれる。
English: In 1876, the Meiji Government permitted the restoration of the Fujufuse School of Nichiren Sect.
Japanese: 1876年（明治9年）に明治政府は日蓮宗不受不施派の再興を許可する。
English: In 1941, Myokaku-ji Temple (Okayama City) (Okayama Prefecture) of the Fujufuse School of Nichiren Sect and Honkaku-ji Temple (Okayama City) (Okayama Prefecture) of the Fujufuse Nichiren Komon School merged and officially named itself Honge Seishu Sect.
Japanese: 1941年（昭和16年）に日蓮宗不受不施派の妙覚寺(岡山市)（岡山県）と不受不施日蓮講門宗の本覚寺(岡山市)（岡山県）が合同して本化正宗と公称する。
English: (refer to page 353 of Kamakura City, "The History of Kamakura-City, The overview of modern history" Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 1990)
Japanese: （鎌倉市『鎌倉市史・近世通史編』吉川弘文館、1990年、p353参照。）
English: Fujufuse (Not Receive and Not Give) Nichiren Komon Sect is a school of the Nichiren Sect for which the sect founder was Nichiren and the school founder was Nichio.
Japanese: 不受不施日蓮講門宗（ふじゅふせにちれんこうもんしゅう）は、日蓮を宗祖とし、日奥を派祖とする、日蓮門下の一派である。
English: Fujufuse School of Nichiren Sect, which tried to observe Nichiren Sect's doctrine of fujufuse, was oppressed severely by bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) through the ban of terauke (to register with a temple in order to prove their Buddhist faith) by Fujufuse School and the illegalization of the religious order itself.
Japanese: 日蓮宗の不受不施義を遵守しようとする不受不施派は、幕府の不受不施派寺請禁止令により信徒を寺請することが出来なくなり、教団自体が非合法化されるなどの厳しい弾圧を受けた。
English: Under such circumstances, the religious order tried to survive by organizing an underground organization consisting of hocchu (Buddhist priest), horyu (法立, believers of fujufuse) and naishin (内信, believers who ostensibly pretended to believe in other sects or schools).
Japanese: このような状況において教団は、法中（僧侶）-法立（不受不施信者）-内信（外見上他宗他派を装う信者）という地下組織化の道をとり、教団の存続を図った。
English: In 1682, however, disputes arose inside the religious order in the Okayama region concerning whether naishin, who ostensibly pretended to be believers of other sects or schools, could be treated equally with pure believers of fujufuse as well as whether horyu could officiate, instead of hocchu, as doshi (Lead Chanter) in Kangyo sutra (The Sutra of Visualization of the Buddha of Measureless Life) for the sake of naishin.
Japanese: しかしそのような状況の中も教団内では、天和2（1682）年頃岡山を中心とした地域において、外見上他宗他派を装う内信者と純粋な不受不施信者を同一に並べてよいか、法立が内信者のために法中の代わりに観経の導師を勤めてよいかということについて、論争が起こった。
English: While this internal conflict was spreading from Okayama to the entire Fujufuse School, a group headed by Nikko, who was in exile in Sadohara in Hyuga, and Nichiryu at Tsudera-an Temple of Kurashiki in Bizen insisted that naishin people who were spending a calm and stable life, and the believers of fujufuse who were keeping faith without terauke, even becoming homeless, should be clearly distinguished and horyu should not be allowed to act as doshi.
Japanese: この内紛は岡山だけに止まらず不受不施派全体に及び、日向の佐土原に流刑中の日講と備前倉敷の津寺庵の日隆を中心とするグループは、生活基盤を確保して外見上平穏な生活をしている内信者と寺請してもらえず無宿者なっても浄い信仰を守っている不受不施信者をはっきり区別して、法立が導師をすることを認めないと主張した。
English: This group was called the Tsudera School (Fudoshi School) and it has become the Fujufuse Nichiren Komon Sect of which head temple is Honkaku-ji Temple.
Japanese: このグループが津寺派（不導師派）と呼ばれ、本覚寺を本山とする不受不施日蓮講門宗の系統となった。
English: On the other hand, a group headed by Nichigyo, who was in exile in Sanuki, and Nitsu at Hisashi-an of Kurashiki in Bizen referred to Nikko who was in exile in Sadohara and refuted by saying 'Although he is in exile, Nikko is spending a peaceful life without worrying about assassination and he cannot understand the feelings of naishin people who are keeping faith while constantly worrying about their lives' (Jokoki (writings about removing Nikko)).
Japanese: 一方、讃岐に配流中の日堯と備前倉敷の日指庵の日通を中心とするグループは、佐土原に流刑中の日講を引き合いに出し、「流罪とはいえ命を狙われる心配もなく安穏な生活をしている日講には、絶えずビクビクして信仰を守っている内信者の気持ちは分るまい」（除講記）を草して反論した。
English: This group was called the Hisashi School (Doshi School) and it has become the Fujufuse School of Nichiren Sect of which the head temple is Myokaku-ji Temple (Okayama).
Japanese: このグループが日指派（導師派）と呼ばれ、現在の妙覚寺（岡山）を本山とする日蓮宗不受不施派の系統となった。
English: In 1378, Nichijitsu constructed Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto prefecture).
Japanese: 1378年（永和4年）に日実は妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）を建立する。
English: In 1595, Nichio of Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture) refused to attend Senso kuyoe (ceremony of thousand priest mass) hosted by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI while asserting fujufuse, and was oppressed.
Japanese: 1595年（文禄4年）に豊臣秀吉主催の千僧供養会に際し、妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）日奥は不受不施義を主張して出仕を拒否し、弾圧される。
English: In 1599, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA ordered Nichio, who was a monk of Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture) and represented Fujufuse School, and Nichiju, who was a monk of Honman-ji Temple (Kyoto Prefecture) and represented Jufuse (Receive but not Give) School, to hold a debate at Osaka-jo Castle (Osaka Tairon (Debate in Osaka)) and Nichio was banished.
Japanese: 1599年（慶長4年）に徳川家康は不受不施派の妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）日奥と受不施派の本満寺（京都府）日重を大阪城にて対論（大阪対論）させ、日奥は流罪となる。
English: In 1666, the Tokugawa shogunate issued Tsuchimizu Kuyo Rei (土水供養令, the act for kuyo (Buddhist memorial service) based on the thought that temple estates are regarded as kuyo of shogunate) and based on it, Nikko of Noro Danrin (Chiba Prefecture) was accused of teaching fujufuse-gi (teachings of fujufuse) and was banished.
Japanese: 1666年（寛文6年）に徳川幕府は土水供養令を発令し、野呂檀林（千葉県）日講は不受不施義を講ずるものとして、日講は流罪となる。
English: In 1669, the Tokugawa shogunate banned terauke by the Fujufuse School and since then, the school was oppressed for a long time.
Japanese: 1669年（寛文9年）に徳川幕府は不受不施派の寺請を禁制とし、長く弾圧される。
English: In 1882, the Meiji Government permitted the restoration of Fujufuse Nichiren Komon Sect.
Japanese: 1882年（明治15年）に明治政府は不受不施日蓮講門宗の再興を許可する。
English: In 1941, Myokaku-ji Temple (Okayama City) (Okayama Prefecture) of the Fujufuse School of Nichiren Sect and Honkaku-ji Temple (Okayama City) (Okayama Prefecture) of the Fujufuse Nichiren Komon Sect merged together and officially named itself Honge Seishu Sect.
Japanese: 1941年（昭和16年）に不受不施日蓮講門宗の本覚寺(岡山市)（岡山県）と日蓮宗不受不施派の妙覚寺(岡山市)（岡山県）が合同して本化正宗と公称する。
English: Jokaku (1147 - October, 1226) was a Buddhist monk of the Shingon Sect from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 上覚（じょうかく、久安3年（1147年）-嘉禄2年（1226年）10月）は、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代前期にかけての真言宗の僧。
English: According to 'Gukansho' (Jottings of a Fool), a history book written by Jien (the son of Kanpaku (chief adviser to the Emperor) Fujiwara no Tadamichi) of Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai Sect), he joined hands with Taira no Kiyomori, along with his father Muneshige, when the Heiji War occurred in 1159.
Japanese: 天台座主慈円（関白藤原忠通の子）が著した歴史書「愚管抄」五によると、1159年（平治元年）平治の乱がおきた時には、父宗重とともに平清盛に加勢したという。
English: He studied under Mongaku, cooperated with Mongaku in restoring Jingo-ji Temple and strove for the management of Jingo-ji Temple after Mongaku's death.
Japanese: 文覚に師事し、文覚の神護寺復興に協力し、文覚の死後も神護寺の経営に力を尽くした。
English: Annen (841? - 915?) was a Buddhist monk of Tendai Sect in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 安然（あんねん、承和(日本)8年（841年）?-延喜15年（915年）?）は、平安時代前期の天台宗の僧。
English: He studied Kenmitsu Buddhism (Exoteric Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism), kai (precept) and siddham (Sanskrit) initially under Dengyo Daishi Ennin and after his death, under Hensho.
Japanese: 初め伝教大師円仁につき、円仁の死後は遍照に師事して顕密二教（顕教と密教）のほか戒・悉曇（しったん）を学んだ。
English: He strongly emphasized Esoteric Buddhism, which was principally based on 'Dainichi-kyo Sutra' (Mahavairocana Sutra), and completed Taimitsu (esoteric Buddhism of the Japanese Tendai Sect).
Japanese: 安然は、「大日経」を中心とする密教重視を極限まで進めて台密（たいみつ＝天台宗における密教）を大成した。
English: Seno IKENOBO (1482 - 1543) was a Buddhist monk of Kyoto Choho-ji Temple (Rokkakudo) as well as a tatebana (flower arrangement) master in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
Japanese: 池坊専応（いけのぼうせんおう、文明(日本)14年（1482年）-天文(元号)12年（1543年））は、戦国時代(日本)の京都頂法寺（六角堂）の僧・立花師。
English: During 1532 through 1555, he enhanced the Ikenobo School of tatebana to the level of art, systemized tatebana and laid the foundations of the Ikenobo School which later became the mainstream of the Tatebana world.
Japanese: 天文年間（1532年-1555年）頃、立花の流派池坊を造形芸術にまで高めて、立花の体系化をはかり、池坊が立花界の主流となるきっかけを作った。
English: Senno Kuden,' his oral tradition in his later years, has been inherited for generations, and has been called 'Omaki' as the basis of Ikenobo flower arrangement school and even at present, it is granted to pupils.
Japanese: 晩年の口伝書「池坊専応口伝」は代々継承され、池坊華道の基本となるものとして「大巻」の名で呼ばれ、現在でも門弟に授けられている。
English: Honmon Hokke Sect is a school of Nichiren Sect of which the sect founder was Nichiren and the school founder was Nichiryu (Honmon School of Hokke Sect).
Japanese: 本門法華宗（ほんもんほっけしゅう）は、日蓮を宗祖とし、日隆(法華宗本門流)を派祖とする、日蓮門下の一派である。
English: In 1394, Nikkei reconstructed Myohorenge-ji Temple (Kyoto Prefecture) and renamed it Myoren-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture).
Japanese: 1394年（明徳5年）に日慶は妙法蓮華寺（京都府）を再建し、妙蓮寺(京都市)（京都府）と改称する。
English: In 1872, Nichiryumon School merged with other schools of Nichiren Sect under a system in which each sect was allowed only one chief abbot.
Japanese: 1872年（明治5年）に一宗一管長制により、日隆門流は日蓮門下の諸門流と連合する。
English: In 1876, Nichiryumon School officially called itself Happon School and appointing its own superintendent priest and the Shoretsu School of Nichiren Sect was dissolved.
Japanese: 1876年（明治9年）に管長設置により、日隆門流は八品派と公称し、日蓮宗勝劣派は解体する。
English: In 1941, Honmon Hokke Sect, Honmyo Hokke Sect and Hokke Sect merged together pursuant to the Religious Corporations Act and officially named itself Hokke Sect.
Japanese: 1941年（昭和16年）に宗教団体法により、本門法華宗と本妙法華宗と法華宗が合同し、法華宗と公称する。
English: In 1951, Myoren-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture) became independent from Hokke Sect and officially called itself Honmon Hokke Sect.
Japanese: 1951年（昭和26年）に妙蓮寺(京都市)（京都府）が法華宗から独立し、本門法華宗と公称する。
English: Although he had been a hunter in early adulthood, one day after shooting dead a stag that he came across when hunting, he saw a fawn appear out of the blood spurting from the animal's wound, and made up his mind to become a Buddhist monk.
Japanese: 壮年の時には狩人であったが、ある日山で牡鹿を見つけ射止めたところ、その傷口から血潮と共に仔鹿が生れたのを見て発心し仏門に入ったという。
English: Becoming a hijiri (a high-ranking priest) reciting the Senju Darani Sutra, he built Gyogan-ji Temple (also called Ko-do) on Ichijo, Kyoto in 1004.
Japanese: 千手陀羅尼を誦呪する聖となり、1004年（寛弘元年）京都一条に行願寺（革堂）を建てた。