nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The Princess Takako (July 29, 1795 - February 18, 1840) was the legal wife (Midaidokoro) of Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA, the 12th seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 喬子女王（たかこじょおう、寛政7年6月14日(旧暦)（1795年7月29日）-天保11年1月16日(旧暦)（1840年2月18日））は、江戸幕府第12代征夷大将軍・徳川家慶の正室（御台所）。
English: Her mother was a concubine, Atsuko TAKAGI (commonly called Tokiwagi, but later called Joshinin entering nunhood after the death of the Imperial Prince Orihito).
Japanese: 母は側室の高木敦子（通称・常盤木、織仁親王の薨後は落飾して常信院）。
English: Takako had Arisugawanomiya Imperial Prince Tsunahito, the Cloistered Imperial Prince 承眞 of Sanzen-in Temple, the priestly Imperial Prince 舜仁 of Rinno-ji Temple and priestly Imperial Prince Soncho of Chion-in Temple as the older brothers, and the Princess Yoshiko (Teihoin, the legal wife of Nariaki TOKUGAWA, the lord of the Mito Domain) as the younger sister.
Japanese: 兄に有栖川宮韶仁親王・三千院承眞法親王・輪王寺舜仁入道親王・知恩院尊超入道親王など、妹に吉子女王（貞芳院、水戸藩主・徳川斉昭正室）などがいる。
English: Takako was engaged to Ieyoshi on October 18, 1803, then on October 6, 1804, when she was only nine years old, she left the capital Kyoto to move to Edo as the favor of the bakufu, and lived in the Nishinomaru compound of Edo-jo Castle until the wedding five years later.
Japanese: 享和3年9月3日（1803年10月18日）に家慶と婚約が治定、翌文化(元号)元年9月3日（1804年10月6日）、幕府の希望により喬子女王まだ数えで10歳にして江戸へ下向、以後婚儀までの5年間を江戸城西ノ丸にて過ごす。
English: She gave birth to the first son, Takechiyo on November 22, 1813, the second daughter, Tomohime on March 17, 1815, and the third daughter, Saigen-in on December 11, 1816, but, all of them died very young.
Japanese: 文化10年10月30日（1813年11月22日）に長男・竹千代、文化12年2月7日（1815年3月17日）に次女・儔姫、文化13年10月23日（1816年12月11日）に三女・最玄院を生むも、いずれも早世。
English: As Ieyoshi succeeded to become the Shogun on May 6, 1837, she moved into O-oku, the inner palace of the keep, and was addressed to Midaidokoro, the honorific title of shogun's legal wife.
Japanese: 天保8年4月2日（1837年5月6日）、家慶の将軍襲職によって本丸大奥に移るに当たり、御台所と称した。
English: Takako was posthumously conferred Junii (Junior Second Rank) On March 30, 1840, and Juichii (Junior First Rank) on July 7, 1845.
Japanese: 同年2月27日（1840年3月30日）に従二位、弘化2年6月3日（1845年7月7日）に従一位が追贈された。
English: On June 9, 2008, the early-modern graveyard research group led by Hideichi SAKAZUME excavated the mausoleum of the Tokugawa family of Kanei-ji Temple in the precinct of the Yanaka graveyard, for its renovation work.
Japanese: 2008年6月9日、谷中霊園内にある寛永寺徳川家霊廟改葬のため、坂詰秀一・近世墓所調査団名誉団長らによる発掘調査を実施した。
English: They announced that they found the domestically largest epitaph (2.9 m in length and width, 28 cm thickness, 5.3 tons), which had the engravings of 15 lines with 189 letters, and they also found other burial goods such as a pair of wooden framed spectacles.
Japanese: 15行、189文字が刻まれた国内最大の墓誌（縦横2.9メートル、厚さ28センチ、重量5.3トン）や、木製フレームの眼鏡などの副葬品が出土したと発表。
English: Kyuchu Sekiji is the order of precedence at official events in the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 宮中席次（きゅうちゅうせきじ）とは、公的な宮中行事における席次のこと。
English: Before the Meiji period, there was the 'Traditional Kyuchu Zaji: Traditional Order of Precedence at the Imperial Court' organized by the Kugyo (the top court officials).
Japanese: 明治以前には公卿たちの手によって整えられた「伝統的な宮中座次」が存在した。
English: Then it was systematized according to the enactment of the Koshitsu Giseirei (act that sets the ceremonies of the Imperial Court, crests of Imperial family, banners, seating arrangement in Imperial ceremonies, etc) in 1926, which is known as 'Kyuchu Sekiji' before World War II.
Japanese: これを1926年（大正15年）の皇室儀制令によって制度化したのがいわゆる戦前の「宮中席次」である。
English: Originally, it was just an order of precedence at the court functions but later it started to have political meanings in events that the top Cabinet member serve as the Acting Prime Minister.
Japanese: 本来は単なる宮中行事の席次表であったが、内閣総理大臣臨時代理を設ける際に宮中席次最高位の閣僚が務めるなど、政治的意味も持つようになった。
English: For example, although Kinmochi SAIONJI was ranked as the first Daikuni (Supreme order), the fourth Genro (elder statesman), the seventh ex-Prime Minister with courteous reception (ex-Prime Minister receives the same treatment as his previous post according to his contribution) and the 16th Koshaku (duke), only the first Daikuni was applied to his precedence.
Japanese: たとえば晩年の西園寺公望は第1の大勲位、第4の元老、第7の首相前官礼遇、第16の公爵などに該当するが、第1の大勲位として扱われる。
English: In December 1945 after World War II, there were a few amendments to Kyuchu Sekiji such as raising the rank of both chairmen of the Kizokuin (House of Peers) and House of Representatives to the sixth; but with the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan the following year, the ranking was abolished.
Japanese: 第二次世界大戦後の1945年（昭和20年）12月には貴族院_(日本)･衆議院両院の議長が第6位に繰り上げられるなどの改正がなされたが、翌年には日本国憲法の施行とともに廃止された。
English: However, looking at the order of precedence of the government officials and diplomats at official functions in the Imperial Palace today, it is clear that the rule of the order of precedence in the Imperial Court is still used on the whole.
Japanese: ただし現在でも皇居での公式行事における政府関係者や外交団などの席次を見ると、大要でこの宮中席次の規定が踏襲されていることがわかる。
English: In this traditional order of precedence, there were perpetual discrepancies between previous and actual precedence, which caused numerous disputes.
Japanese: この伝統的宮中座次では先例と実情とが頻繁に衝突し、紛争が絶えなかった。
English: One of the purposes of the Kinchu narabini kuge shohatto (a set of regulations that applied to the emperor and the Kyoto nobles) enacted by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA was to put an end to the disputes over the order of precedence at the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 徳川家康の禁中並公家諸法度制定の背景の一つは、この宮中座次の紛争に終止符を打つ目的だった。
English: It is a main room, about 13 sq.m., in Seiryoden, located on the north side of Hi-no-omashi (Emperor's office), on the west side of Futama, on the south side of Haginoto and Fujitsubo-no-ue-no-mitsubone and on the east side of Asagarei-no-ma.
Japanese: 清涼殿の身屋であり、昼御座の北、二間（ふたま）の西、萩戸（はぎのと）・藤壺上御局（ふじつぼのうえのみつぼね）の南、朝餉間（あさがれいのま）の東2間4方。
English: There is an Otsumado (or Tataki-do) on the south wall of Yoru-no-otodo, Tsumado of 1.82 m in breadth located on the northerly walls on both east and west sides of the room leaving southerly 1.82 m as walls, two 1.82 m wide Tsumados on the north side, Tobari (curtain) and two of Zushi are placed in the direction of Emperor's pillow, east, Kagami-kake or Kagami-tate (mirror stand) is put on the other side, and Ika (clothes rack) is also placed.
Japanese: 南面に大妻戸（またはたたき戸）があり、その左右は壁、東西両面とも北よりの1間が妻戸、南よりの1間はともに壁、北面は2間とも妻戸、帳は枕の方（東）に厨子2つ、あとの方に鏡掛があり、衣架も立てられた。
English: Two Tatami mats with Ugen-beri (brocade hems with strip patterns of some colors) were placed and another mat was put on top for Emperor's seat.
Japanese: 繧繝縁（うんげんべり）の畳2枚を並べ敷き、さらにその上に1枚を敷き、座とした。
English: Lamps on the four corners were kept all night through and Kurodo (Chamberlain) have Hikurodo (trainee in the Kurodo dokoro, or the Imperial Secretariat) hold Abura-sosogi (oil pot) and stand by Tataki-do (door) as he opened the door; they poured the oil from the southeast corner finishing it in the northeast corner so that they did not pass the east side of Tobari where Emperor's pillow was placed.
Japanese: 四隅の燈火は終夜、消えないように注意し、蔵人が非蔵人に注油（あぶらそそぎ）をもたせ、たたき戸をあけ、非蔵人を戸の下に立たせ、巽角から始め、艮角で終わるように注し、帳の東、すなわち枕許を通らなかったという。
English: Kuretake no dai was where planting Wu Chinese bamboo in the eastern garden of Seiryoden (Literally "Limpid Cool Hall," an imperial summer palace).
Japanese: 呉竹の台（くれたけのだい）は、清涼殿の東庭の北寄りの、呉竹を植えた所である。
English: This was what planting Henon bamboo in a grid like square shaped short roughly woven fence.
Japanese: ハチクを井桁のような四角の籬垣(ませがき)の中に植え込んだものである。
English: Kinpisho' (a book written by the Emperor Juntoku, which records the history and origin of imperial court ceremonies and sets forth the rules and etiquette for carrying out such ceremonies) describes it as 'Kuredake no mase,' and "Makura no soshi" (the Pillow Book) describes it as 'Take no mase.'
Japanese: 「禁秘抄」には、「呉竹　架（ませ）」とあり、また『枕草子』には、「竹のませ」とある。
English: The walls are stretched 39 ken (about 70 m) both east and west, and the Shunka-mon gate and the Shumei-mon gate are placed at the ends with guardhouses on both east and west sides of the gates, and the guards of Hyoefu (Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guards) kept guarding them using torchlight.
Japanese: 東西の築墻はそれぞれ39間で、その両端に春華門および修明門があり、門外の東西に杖舎を設け、舎前に炬火を焼き、左右の兵衛府がこれを警固した。
English: Since the Hakuba no sechi e (seasonal court banquets) took place in front of this gate, it is also called 'Aouma no jin,' and 'Nantan-mon gate' (南端門) as it is located on the south side of the Palace, and '外門' as it is at the outer wall, and also '南面僻杖中門.'
Japanese: 白馬節会がこの門前で行われた事から「青馬陣」ともいい、内裏の南にあるから「南端門」ともいい、外郭にあるから「外門」ともいい、「南面僻杖中門」ともいった。
English: Kencho refers to a woman who raises and open Tobari (curtains) of the Takamikura (Imperial Throne) during a state ceremony such as one for enthronement or Chouga (New Year's greetings or well-wishes offered by retainers to the Emperor).
Japanese: 褰帳（けんちょう）は、即位、朝賀など大礼の時に高御座の帳を褰げ開く女性である。
English: It is described in 'Dairi-shiki' as 'two of kencho no myobu,' 'Naishin-nou 以下 sanmi 已上為之' and '若無者王氏 shii goi yakutoku.'
Japanese: 「内裏式」には、「褰帳命婦二人、内親王以下三位已上為之、若無者王氏四位五位亦得」とある。
English: After people were seated, two of Kencho separated to right and left and entered through the east or the west door on the north face and then took a seat.
Japanese: 当日、諸員着席ののち、褰帳1人ずつ左右に分かれ、北面東西の戸からはいって着座。
English: After Emperor was seated in Takamikura throne, nine of Hatori nyoju (noblewomen) on the right and left sides respectively shielded him from view with Sashiha (long-handled, Chinese style fans) and Kencho-no-myobu went up the stairs on the east and west sides, and then raised Tobari (curtain) of Takamikura.
Japanese: 天皇の高御座着座ののち、執翳女嬬が左右おのおの9人が御前に進んで翳を奉じると、褰帳命婦が東西の階を昇り、高御座の帳を褰げる。
English: Tobari was partly raised on the south side, and minor court ladies helped it from inside as they fixed the edge of the Tobari in the shape of the Chinese character for eight with needles.
Japanese: その褰げ方は高御座の南方の一間のみを褰げ、女官が内から助けて針で端を留め、八の字形に開いた。
English: After a ceremony finished, Hatori nyoju shielded Emperor with Sashiha again and hung Tobari, and then he returned to Gobou (temple).
Japanese: 式の終った時もまた執翳女嬬が翳を奉じたのち、進んで帳を垂れ、そののち、天皇は後房に帰りはいった。
English: Tomiko ICHIJO (February 27, 1743-January 9, 1796) was the Empress Dowager during the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 一条富子（いちじょうとみこ、寛保3年2月4日(旧暦)（1743年2月27日）-寛政7年11月30日(旧暦)（1796年1月9日））は、江戸時代中期の皇太后。
English: Her name is sometimes written as FUJIWARA no Tomiko since the Ichijo family's original family name was the Fujiwara clan.
Japanese: 一条家の本姓は藤原氏なので藤原富子（ふじわらのとみこ）と記されることもあり。
English: She was conferred Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in November 1755, and became Nyogo with the imperial proclamation as entering the Emperor Momozono's court in December.
Japanese: 宝暦5年（1755年）10月に従三位に叙され、11月に桃園天皇の後宮に入って女御宣下を受けた。
English: As the Imperial Prince Hidehito, the first prince between her and the Emperor Momozono was too young when the Emperor Momozono passed away on January 24, 1760, his enthronement was halted by trusted vassals due premature age, thus the imperial throne was handed over to his older sister, the Empress Gosakuramachi.
Japanese: この年の12月7日に夫の桃園天皇が崩御したが、桃園天皇との間に儲けた第一皇子英仁親王はまだ幼かったので、近臣たちからは即位に早いと止められ、皇位は桃園天皇の姉にあたる後桜町天皇に譲ることとなった。
English: In 1770 when the Imperial Prince Hidehito grew up, he ascended the throne as the Emperor Gomomozono, succeeding the Empress Gosakuramachi.
Japanese: 明和7年（1770年）に英仁親王が成長すると後桜町天皇から譲位を受けて即位、後桃園天皇となった。
English: She attained much higher status as an imperial mother, and was given the title of empress dowager on June 21, 1771.
Japanese: 国母となった彼女の地位も大きく上がり、明和8年（1771年）5月9日には皇太后位が授与された。
English: Kuniko SONO (1624 - August 3, 1677) was a member of the Imperial Family during the early part of the Edo period.
Japanese: 園国子（そのくにこ、寛永元年（1624年）－延宝5年7月5日(旧暦)（1677年8月3日））は、江戸時代前期の皇族。
English: Her name is sometimes written as FUJIWARA no Kuniko, as the original name of the Sono family was the Fujiwara clan.
Japanese: 園家の本姓は藤原氏であるので、藤原国子（ふじわらのくにこ）と記されることもあり。
English: She was called to be the consort of the Emperor Gomizunoo, following her aunt, Mitsuko SONO (Mibuin).
Japanese: 叔母の園光子（壬生院）に続いて彼女も後水尾天皇の後宮として召された。
English: Because Kazuko TOGUGAWA was the empress of the Emperor Gomizunoo, Kuniko was not given the title of emperor dowager even after the enthronement of her son, the Emperor Reigen.
Japanese: 後水尾天皇の中宮は徳川和子であったため、息子の霊元天皇の即位後にも皇太后位が授与されることはなかった。
English: However, when Kuniko's condition became critical on August 3 1677, the Emperor Reigen conferred her the rank of Jusangu (an honarary rank next to the empresses) and the Ingo of Shinkogimonin.
Japanese: しかし、延宝5年（1677年）7月5日、国子が危篤状態になるに及んで霊元天皇は急遽准三宮に叙し、また院号を与えて新広義門院とした。
English: She brought a great prosperity to her home, the SONO family, and her father, Motonari SONO was posthumously conferred the court rank of Sadaijin, and her brother, Motoyoshi SONO, was given an exceptional title of Jun-daijin.
Japanese: 彼女の存在は出身家である園家に大きな栄華をもたらし、彼女の父である園基音には左大臣が追贈され、兄の園基福には異例の准大臣の位が与えられた。
English: After that, all the heads of the SONO family became Gon Dainagon except those who died young, and the SONO family became the most noble of the Urin family, although the Sono family was originally a lower court noble with the highest rank of Gon Chunagon (Provisional Middle Councilor).
Japanese: もともと園家は権中納言を極官とする下級公家だったが、これ以降の園家当主は早世した者をのぞき全員が権大納言となっており、羽林家一の名門家となった。
English: Mitsuiko SONO (1602 - March 6, 1656) was one of the consorts of the Emperor Gomizunoo.
Japanese: 園光子（そのみつこ、慶長7年（1602年）－明暦2年2月11日(旧暦)（1656年3月6日））は、後水尾天皇の後宮の一人。
English: Her name is sometimes written as FUJIWARA no Mitsuko, as the original name of the Sono family was the Fujiwara clan.
Japanese: 園家の本姓は藤原氏であるので、藤原光子（ふじわらのみつこ）と記されることもあり。
English: She was conferred the title of Jugo (an honarary rank next to the empresses) on September 28, 1654 during the reign of the Emperor Gokomyo, but the emperor passed away within the same year.
Japanese: 後光明天皇治世の承応3年（1654年）8月18日に准后に叙せられたが、同年中に天皇が崩御している。
English: As she became the imperial mother, the status of her home, the SONO family rose significantly, and Mototo, Mitsuko's father, was posthumously conferred the court rank of Sadaijin in 1645.
Japanese: 国母となった彼女の存在により出身家の園家の地位は大きく上がり、光子の父である基任には正保2年（1645年）に左大臣が追贈されている。
English: Kuniko SONO, a daughter of Mitsuko's brother Motonari SONO, also entered the kokyu of the Emperor Gomizunoo and gave birth to the Emperor Reigen.
Japanese: なお光子の兄である園基音の娘園国子も後水尾天皇の後宮に入り、霊元天皇を出産している。
English: Prince Kazuraki (also pronounced Kazuraki oji, Kazuraki no miko, Katsuragi oji, or Katsuragi no miko [date of birth and death unknown])
Japanese: 葛城皇子（かずらきおうじ・かずらきのみこ・かつらぎおうじ・かつらぎのみこ。生没年不詳)
English: It is said that he lived in Settsu province and "Settsu-meisho-zue" (a book introducing beauty spots in Settsu) reported that his graveyard was in Itami city, but currently it is premise of Osaka International Airport and doesn't exist.
Japanese: 摂津に住んだと伝わり、摂津名所図会によると、墓所は伊丹市にあったとされるが、大阪国際空港の敷地となり、墓は現存しない。
English: In modern age, Hi is used for all spouses for male imperial family except Emperor (like Kotaishi hi [crown princess] and shinno hi [imperial princess]), but this section explains an original usage of empress's title.
Japanese: 現代日本では転じて天皇以外の男性皇族の配偶者に対して用いられている（例皇太子妃・親王妃）が、本項目では本来の意味である后妃身分について解説する。
English: Hi' originally had same meaning as 'Tsuma' (wife), but later Hi was used as a title of emperor's spouse in China and this was adopted in Japan since the ritsuryo system was introduced from Tang.
Japanese: 「妃」とは元々は「つま（妻）」と同義であったが、中国では後に天子の配偶者への貴称として用いられ、唐の律令制を導入した日本でもこれを採用したと見られている。
English: Unlike Okisaki (an Empress) who is a lawful wife of Emperor and has long history before the ritsuryo system introduced, Hi was considered as 'a employee of Kokyu palace' who fulfills a role as Emperor's spouse provided in Gokushikiinryo (後宮職員令) (The Administrative Code of Kokyu palace).
Japanese: ただし、天皇の正妃「大后」として律令制以前からの歴史を有する皇后とは違い、妃は後宮職員令に定められた「後宮の職員」の職務として天皇の配偶者の役割を果たすものと考えられている。
English: Therefore, Gokushikiinryo and "the Engishiki" (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) provide working conditions as the employee of Kokyu palace.
Japanese: そのため後宮職員令や『延喜式』などには後宮職員としての待遇規定が存在している。
English: In accordance with "Nihonkoki" (Later Chronicle of Japan), Imperial Princess Asahara and Imperial Princess Oyake who didn't follow the retired Emperor Heizei at the Kusuko Incident, resigned Hi and left the retired emperor.
Japanese: また、『日本後紀』によれば薬子の変の際に、平城上皇に従わなかった妃の朝原内親王・大宅内親王が揃って妃を辞任して上皇の許を去るという出来事も生じている。
English: Gokushikiinryo provided that the number of Hi was two at once and they must be higher than Shihon (the fourth-ranked Imperial Prince), it means Hi was only granted to Imperial princess.
Japanese: 後宮職員令には定員2名とされ、四品以上の者すなわち内親王のみに許された身分であったとされている。
English: Gokushikiinryo also provided compensation based on Hi's honi (court rank) and bonus in spring and fall.
Japanese: 後宮職員令では内親王としての品位(身位)に応じて封禄を賜い、更に春と秋には号禄を賜うものとする。
English: One was FUJIWARA no Tabiko, her father was FUJIWARA no Momokawa who has rendered distinguished service for enthroning Emperor Kanmu, and the other was TABIHI no Takako who had hereditary title of Mahito kabane (the seventh Emperor Senka), both of them were considered as special cases.
Japanese: 藤原旅子の父藤原百川が桓武天皇擁立の功労者であったという特殊事情、多治比高子は真人カバネ（宣化天皇7代目）の持ち主でありこれも特殊事情と考えられている。
English: Consequently, the remaining possibility was Imperial Princess, although the title of Hi in the Heian period got lower, the advantage for an Imperial Prince whose mother was from Imperial family having prior right to succession to the Imperial throne since ancient time was valued for aiming at family succession to the throne.
Japanese: 従って、残りは内親王となるが、平安時代の妃は結果的には成功しなかったものの、古代以来皇位継承の優先権があるとされた皇族を母とする親王による皇位の直系継承を目指したものと考えられている。
English: With the increase of succession by direct descent, the Imperial princess who was qualified to Hi was limited to Emperor's maternal half-sister and aunt.
Japanese: また直系継承の傾向に伴って妃となる資格を有した内親王は結果的に天皇の異母姉妹や叔母に限定されていくことになった。
English: On the other hand, the presence of Hi was an obstacle to nobles like Fujiwara clan who were expecting to participate in politics as a maternal relative, and actually a daughter of FUJIWARA no Mototsune, FUJIWARA no Onshi was blocked to enter into the court because the Imperial Princess Ishi was Hi.
Japanese: その一方で妃の存在は、外戚としての政治参加を期待する藤原氏のような貴族にとっては障害となる制度であり、実際に藤原基経の娘藤原穏子の醍醐天皇への入内が為子内親王が妃であることを理由に阻まれたと言われている。
English: With the death of Imperial Princess Ishi as start, it is considered that there was a close connection between abolition of Hi (some scholars pointed out possibility that Imperial Princess Sonshi who entered into the court for Emperor Enyu was Hi) and the development of the regency.
Japanese: 為子内親王の死去をきっかけに妃が置かれなくなった（なお円融天皇に入内した尊子内親王が妃であった可能性を指摘する研究者もいる）ことと摂関政治の進展と密接な関係があると考えられている。
English: After that, Hi was replaced in the late Kamakura period, but the powerful maternal relative influenced succession to the Imperial Throne and the status of Hi was the third rank after Empress and the second consort of an emperor.
Japanese: その後、鎌倉時代後期頃より再び妃が置かれるようになるが、この時期になると有力な外戚の存在が皇位継承を左右するようになっており、妃そのものの地位は皇后・中宮に次ぐ地位の妃という意味しか持たなくなっていった。
English: After the position of Hi disappeared, a word 'Hi' was used as a title for the spouse of male imperial family and it is included in the modern Imperial House Act.
Japanese: また、妃が設置されなくなると、「妃」という言葉自体は一般男性皇族の配偶者に対する称号として用いられることが行われ、現在の皇室典範にも継承されている。
English: Prince Kasuga (around 560 - 615) was the second son of Emperor Bidatsu and his wife, OMINAGO no Otoji.
Japanese: 春日皇子（かすがのみこ、欽明天皇21年（560年）前後？-推古天皇23年（615年）？）は敏達天皇と妃・春日老女子の第二皇子。
English: Prince Naniwa (around 560 - 587) was the first son of Emperor Bidatsu and his wife, KASUGA no Ominago.
Japanese: 難波皇子（なにわのみこ、欽明天皇21年（560年）前後？-用明天皇2年（587年）？）は敏達天皇と妃・春日老女子の第一皇子。
English: He supported the Imperial army during the Teibi Incident in August, 587, but his name wasn't reported since then, it is assumed he died during Teibi Incident.
Japanese: 587年8月、丁未の乱で朝廷軍に味方するがこれ以降史書に登場しないので丁未の変で戦死したと考えられる。
English: Prince Sakurai (around 560 - 587) was the sixth son of Emperor Bidatsu and his wife, SOGA no Kitashihime.
Japanese: 桜井皇子（さくらいのみこ、欽明天皇21年（560年）前後？-用明天皇2年（587年）？）は敏達天皇と妃蘇我堅塩媛の第六皇子。
English: Since his retainer, SAKURAI no Tanobe no Inu (桜井部犬) supported Mononobe clan, he supported Mononobe clan during the Teibi Incident in 587 and died during the War.
Japanese: 家来の桜井部犬が物部氏に味方していたことなどから、587年の丁未の変で物部氏に味方し、戦死したと思われるが、不明。
English: Also, since there are sections in the articles on Emperor Sujin in Kojiki which Emperor Sujin may be interpreted as an uncle of Obiko, she may have been cousins with her husband, Emperor Sujin, but it is not clear.
Japanese: また、古事記の崇神天皇の条には、崇神が大彦の叔父と読める部分があることから、夫・崇神天皇と従兄妹関係だった可能性があるが不明。
English: Yamato hiko no Mikoto (year of birth unknown - October 30, 2 B.C.?) was a member of the Imperial family transmitted by "Kojiki" (Records of Ancient Matters) and "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan).
Japanese: 倭彦命（やまとひこのみこと、生年不詳-垂仁天皇28年10月5日(旧暦)（紀元前2年11月1日？））は、記紀伝承上の皇族（王族）。
English: On November 26, 2 B.C., he was buried in Musanotsukisaka, and advisers who were close to him were buried alive around his grave (junshi; suicide or killing to follow the master to the grave), but those that followed him to the grave did not die for many days and groaned night and day; when they died, dogs and birds picked on their rotten flesh.
Japanese: 翌月2日、身狭桃花鳥坂（むさのつきさか）に葬られ、墓のまわりに生前の側近を生き埋めにしたが（殉死）、殉死者は数日間も死なずに昼夜呻き続け、死後は犬や鳥が腐肉を漁ったという。
English: When his empress Hibasuhime no mikoto passed away in 3 A.D., by the advise of Nomi no Sukune, the Emperor ordered Haniwa (a clay figure artifact) of people, horses, and so on to be placed in the grave as the substitute for junshi, and since then, it this became the usual practice (the origin of Haniwa).
Japanese: 同32年に皇后の日葉酢媛命（ひばすひめのみこと）が薨去した際、天皇は野見宿禰の進言に従って人・馬などの土物（はにもの）を墓に立てて代替とすることを命じ、以後これが慣例になったという（埴輪の起源譚）。
English: Furthermore, Musanotsukisaka where Yamato hiko no Mikoto was buried, is regarded as Masuyama Tumulus (square tumulus with sides 90m long) in Toriya cho, Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture, and is under the control of the Imperial Household Agency.
Japanese: なお、倭彦命が葬られたとされる身狭桃花鳥坂墓は、現在の奈良県橿原市鳥屋町の桝山古墳（方墳・辺90m）に比定されており、宮内庁の管理下にある。
English: Oyamamori no miko (earlier than 257 - March 31, 310) was the first prince of Emperor Ojin.
Japanese: 大山守皇子（おおやまもりのみこ、神功皇后摂政57年（257年）以前-応神天皇41年2月15日(旧暦)（310年3月31日））は応神天皇の第一皇子。
English: After Emperor Ojin passed away, he plotted to succeed the Imperial Throne, and with hundreds of soldiers, he raised an army against Iratsuko UJINOWAKI and Osasagi no miko (the later Emperor Nintoku) who were strong candidates for the succession, but when he was crossing the Yodo-gawa River on a ship, he drowned because Iratsuko UJINOWAKI who heard the story from Osasagi no miko that suspected Oyamamori no miko's plan, disguised himself as a ferryman and purposely capsized the ship.
Japanese: 応神天皇の崩御後、皇位を継ごうと企み、有力候補の菟道稚郎子・大鷦鷯皇子（後の仁徳天皇）らを殺害しようと数百の兵とともに挙兵するが、船で淀川を渡る際に、計画を察知した大鷦鷯皇子から話を聞いた菟道稚郎子が渡し守に紛し、船をわざと転覆させたため、水死した。
English: Sakai no kurohiko no miko (earlier than 401 - 456) was the second prince of Emperor Ingyo.
Japanese: 境黒彦皇子（さかいのくろひこのみこ、履中天皇2年（401年）以前-安康天皇3年（456年））は允恭天皇の第二皇子。
English: When his younger brother, Emperor Anko, was murdered by his own stepchild, Prince Mayowa, Sakai no kurohiko no miko was almost murdered in conspiracy of his younger brother Ohatsuseno wakatakeruno miko (the later Emperor Yuryaku) who was trying to succeed the Imperial Throne.
Japanese: 弟・安康天皇をその連れ子・眉輪王が殺すと、境黒彦皇子は弟・大泊瀬稚武皇子（後の雄略天皇）が皇位を継がんとする企みで殺されそうになった。
English: For this reason, Sakai no kurohiko no miko and Prince Mayowa consulted together and escaped to the residence of Katsuragi no tsubura no omi, but despite the minister's plea to spare their lives, Prince Ohatsuse burned all three of them together.
Japanese: そのため境黒彦皇子と眉輪王は相談して葛城円大臣の邸宅に逃げ込んだが、大臣の助命嘆願も空しく、大泊瀬皇子は邸宅で3人共に焼き殺してしまったという。
English: Prince Yatsurishirohiko (after 401 - 456) was the fourth prince of Emperor Ingyo.
Japanese: 八釣白彦皇子（やつりのしろひこのみこ、履中天皇2年（401年）以後-安康天皇3年（456年））は允恭天皇の第四皇子。