nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In the same year, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Home Affairs established a consultative body called the Literature Committee in the name of honoring literary works, but on this event Akiko wrote a critical poem filled with irony 'Eitaro KOMATSUBARA and Tosuke HIRATA; these ministers know nothing about literature; poor things.'
Japanese: 同年、文部省と内務省(日本)が文芸作品の顕彰と称し、諮問機関・文芸委員会を作ったことに対し、晶子は「小松原英太郎　平田東助といふ　大臣は　文学をしらず　あはれなるかな」と皮肉に満ちて批判的な歌を作っている。
English: Regarding this literature committee, Soseki NATSUME was also critical by commenting 'it is too obvious that their intention is to promote nothing, but such works that are convenient for the administration in the most disgusting way.'
Japanese: 文芸委員会に対しては、夏目漱石も「最も不愉快な方法で行政上に都合のいい作品のみを奨励するのが見えすいている」と言っている。
English: In 1915, Akiko published in the Yomiuri Shimbun a long poem entitled "Daju no mure" (a group of dumb beasts) that depicted her distrust of the congress and politicians.
Japanese: 大正4年（1915年）に読売新聞に『駄獣の群』という国会や議員に対する不信を詠う長詩を発表した。
English: When Akiko was thirty-four, "the New Translation of The Tale of Genji" was published as a four-volume work, but was filled with flaws because its source Kigin KITAMURA's "Kogetsu-sho Commentary" contained many errors, the process of publication was hasty in order to earn money for traveling abroad, and Ogai MORI who was in charge of proofreading was not an expert on "The Tale of Genji."
Japanese: 晶子が34歳のとき『新訳源氏物語』を四冊本として出したが、拠り所とした北村季吟の『湖月抄』には誤りが多く、外遊の資金調達のために急ぎ、また、校訂に当たった森鴎外は『源氏物語』の専門家でないなど欠陥が多いものだった。
English: Therefore, Akiko started all over from scratch and finished up to the one before the last "Uji Jujo" (last ten chapters) of fifty-four chapters of The Tale of Genji, but the Great Kanto Earthquake burnt all the manuscripts kept in Bunka Gakuin into ashes.
Japanese: そのため、一からやり直し、源氏五十四帖のうち最後の『宇治十帖』を残すまで書き上げたが、関東大震災のために文化学院にあった原稿が灰になってしまう。
English: Once again she started over and it took seventeen years for her to complete the six-volume set "New-New Translation of the Tale of Genji."
Japanese: またも一からやり直し、さらに十七年かけて六巻本『新新訳源氏物語』を完成させる。
English: After the Russo-Japanese War, Akiko started her activity as a critic by contributing articles to newspapers and magazines to rebuke society.
Japanese: 晶子は日露戦争後から新聞や雑誌に警世の文を書くようになり、評論活動をはじめる。
English: In terms of female self-independence, she argued that a woman should be self-disciplined and self-cultivated to develop her own personality.
Japanese: 女性の自立論は、女性が自分で自己鍛錬・自己修養し、人格陶冶することを説いた。
English: On the other hand, Raicho HIRATSUKA supported maternity-centrism and demanded that the National Treasury should cover all the costs of pregnancy and delivery; Akiko criticized, however, that maternity-centrism was merely an alternative approach of supporting the concept of a dutiful wife and devoted mother, and argued against Hiratsuka and Waka YAMADA about maternal care stating 'women should not depend on men or the nation.'
Japanese: これに対し、妊娠・出産を国庫に補助させようとする平塚らいてうの唱える母性中心主義は、形を変えた新たな良妻賢母にすぎないと論評し、平塚らいてう、山田わからを相手に母性保護論争を挑んで「婦人は男子にも国家にも寄りかかるべきではない」と主張した。
English: Here a women's liberation activist Kikue YAMAKAWA participated in this dispute of protection (Hiratsuka) versus financial independence (Yosano) by clarifying the historical context of feminist movement and arguing logically from a socialist viewpoint that women's liberation could be achieved only in a society without discrimination.
Japanese: ここで論壇に登場した女性解放思想家山川菊栄は、保護（平塚）か経済的自立（与謝野）かの対立に、婦人運動の歴史的文脈を明らかにし、差別のない社会でしか婦人の解放はありえないと社会主義の立場で整理した。
English: This dispute was far from the intention of the Ministry of Education from beginning to end (a similar dispute occurred even in our time that was known as the "Agnes Dispute").
Japanese: 文部省の意向とは全く違う次元で論争は終始した（現代でも問題になっているアグネス論争も類似した論争である）。
English: Despite her "Kimi Shinitamou koto nakare" fame, she was not an unconditional anti-war and anti-Emperor activist; she also criticized Marxism-Leninism that was introduced as "Labor-Peasantism" at that time.
Japanese: 『君死にたまふことなかれ』を前面に出して一概に反戦・反天皇の人物であったわけではなく、当時『労農主義』として紹介されていたマルクス・レーニン主義も批判していた。
English: She was against the Siberian Intervention by stating that such an act would arouse suspicions that Japan had territorial ambitions, resulting in impoverishment of people's lives again caused by foreign loans in the Russo-Japanese War.
Japanese: シベリア出兵を日本の領土的野心を猜疑され日露戦争の外債による国民生活の疲弊を再び起こす、と反対している。
English: She also contributed an article 'On Food Riots' to the magazine "Taiyo" regarding rice riot and demanded the resignation of Masatake TERAUCHI's Cabinet at that time.
Japanese: また、米騒動に関して『太陽』誌上に「食料騒動について」という文を書き、その中で当時の寺内正毅内閣の退陣を要求している。
English: Akiko contributed an article to the May issue of the Chuo koron in May 1919 entitled 'Expecting national education' (the title was altered to "Demanding for the democratization of education" when it was included in a book "Gekido no naka o yuku" (Going through Turbulent Times)).
Japanese: 晶子は『中央公論』大正8年（1919年）5月号に「教育の国民化を望む」（単行本『激動の中を行く』にした時『教育の民主主義化を要求す』と改題）という文を書いている。
English: She argued that education of the times was 'an education submissive to the Ministry of Education's despotic decisions' but it should be 'left to a discretionary power of the board of education of each municipality' in order to realize 'education for the people.'
Japanese: 今の教育は「文部省の専制的裁断に屈従した教育」であるから、それを「各自治体におけるそれらの教育委員の自由裁量に一任」し、それによって「教育が国民自身のものとなる」と主張している。
English: Moreover, based on her experience to meet elder women in Europe who were devoted to various social volunteer activities with younger women, she proposed to offer adult and social educational opportunities.
Japanese: 他にも、ヨーロッパの老婦人が若い婦人とさまざまの社会奉仕に努力する姿を見て、日本にも成人教育や社会教育の場を作るよう提言している。
English: Around the time that Motoko HANI established Jiyu Gakuen, Akiko devoted her time to found the Bunka Gakuin (Institute of Culture), a coeducational school against the specifications by the Ministry of Education.
Japanese: 羽仁もと子による自由学園の開校と前後して文化学院の創立に尽力、文部省の規定に逆らい、男女共学で開校。
English: "Zenyaku Genji Monogatari" (Complete translation of the "The Tale of Genji" three volumes (Kadokawa Bunko Classics); Large-print edition "The Genji Monogatari" with complete text and translation (Daisan Shokan)
Japanese: 『全訳源氏物語』上・中・下（角川文庫クラシックス）・大活字版『ザ・源氏物語』全文対訳（第三書館）
English: "Akiko Yosano: A poet of passion for the freedom of women" (Gakushu Manga Jinbutsukan/Shogakukan) by Haruyuki IRIE, Sayori ABE
Japanese: 『与謝野晶子女性の自由を歌った情熱の歌人』（学習まんが人物館／小学館）入江春行、あべさより著
English: "Hana no ran" (A Chaos of Flowers) (1988, Toei Kyoto Movie Studios, directed by Kinji FUKASAKU) is a film on the life of Akiko Yosano.
Japanese: 華の乱（1988年、東映京都製作所、深作欣二監督）は与謝野晶子の生涯を描く。
English: In May 1998, a bronze statue of Akiko was built in the commemoration of her 120th anniversary at the west gate of Sakai Station, Nankai Main Line, in Saki City.
Japanese: 1998年5月に生誕120周年を記念して堺市の南海本線堺駅西口に銅像が建てられた。
English: Kaoru YOSANO, a member of the House of Representatives and the former Minister of International Trade and Industry, the Minister of State for Economicand Fiscal Policy and Financial Services, and the Chairman of Policy Research Council of Liberal Democratic Party (and the Chief Cabinet Secretary of the Abe Administration in 2007) is Akiko's grandson.
Japanese: 通産相や金融経済財政担当相、自民党政調会長などを務めた衆議院議員・与謝野馨（2007年安倍改造内閣時の内閣官房長官）は晶子の孫にあたる。
English: Kaoru was an early age when Akiko died, but after he ran unsuccessfully for his first election as a member of the House of Representatives, he published the reprint of his grandmother's collection of poetry "Midaregami" while he was preparing for the next election.
Japanese: 馨が幼い頃に晶子が死去したが、初めて衆議院議員選挙に立候補して落選し、浪人生活を送っているときに、祖母の詩集『みだれ髪』を復刻させている。
English: Based on Akiko's works, in the 'Drama Division of the National High School Arts Festival' held in Yawata City, Kyoto in August 2006, a play entitled 'Kimi Shinitamou Koto Nakare' was performed that depicted a sister and her younger brother who were stand-up comedians at the mercy of the time during World War II.
Japanese: 与謝野晶子の作品をモチーフに、2006年8月、京都八幡市で開催された「全国高校総合文化祭演劇部門」において、第二次大戦の時代の波に翻弄される漫才師姉弟を描いた「君死にたまふことなかれ」が上演されたことがある。
English: Rohan KODA (August 22, 1867 - July 30, 1947) was a Japanese novelist.
Japanese: 幸田露伴（こうだろはん、慶応(元号)3年7月23日(旧暦)（1867年8月22日）-昭和22年（1947年）7月30日）は、日本の小説家。
English: He had many other noms de plume, including Kagyuan, Sasa no tsuyu, Yukine-doshu, Datsu-tenshi.
Japanese: 別号には、蝸牛庵（かぎゅうあん）、笹のつゆ、雪音洞主、脱天子など多数。
English: First recognized by "Furyu butsu" (The Elegant Buddha) he established his position in the "bundan" (coterie of recognized writers, critics and publishers) with his "Goju no To" (The Five-Storied Pagoda), "Unmei" (Destiny) and other works.
Japanese: 『風流仏』で評価され、『五重塔』『運命』などの作品で文壇での地位を確立。
English: Versed in classical literature and religion, he wrote many essays, historical novels and critical studies on classical literature such as "Basho Shichibu-shu Hyoshaku" (A Commentary on the Seven Collections of the Basho School).
Japanese: また古典や諸宗教にも通じ、多くの随筆や史伝のほか、『芭蕉七部集評釈』などの古典研究などを残した。
English: Rohan KODA was born as the fourth son in Sanmaibashi-yokocho, Shitaya, Edo (present Taito Ward, Tokyo Prefecture) on July 23, 1867.
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）7月23日、江戸下谷三枚橋横町（現・東京都台東区）に、四男として生を受ける。
English: Rohan studied writing at the private school of Chiyo KAN (who was the elder sister of Sekko SEKI, a calligrapher) located in Izumibashi-dori Street, Shitaya as well as the recitation of Chinese classics at Mr. Aida's school in Okachimachi.
Japanese: 下谷泉橋通りの関千代（書家関雪江の姉）の塾で手習い、御徒士町の相田氏の塾で素読を学んだ。
English: Encouraged by Chiyo, he entered an Elementary School affiliated with the Tokyo Higher Normal School (later an Elementary School affiliated with the University of Tsukuba and the present Elementary School affiliated with the University of Tsukuba) in 1875.
Japanese: 明治8年（1875年）、千代の勧めで師範学校附属小学校（後の筑波大学附属小学校、現在の筑波大学附属小学校）に入学。
English: Graduating from the Elementary School, he entered Tokyo Metropolitan Hibiya High School (normal course) in 1878.
Japanese: 卒業後の明治11年（1878年）、東京都立日比谷高等学校正則科に入学する。
English: At the age of fourteen he went on to Tokyo English School (present day Aoyama Gakuin University), which he later dropped out of.
Japanese: 14歳になったとき、東京英学校（現在の青山学院大学）へ進むが、これも途中退学。
English: Influenced by Shigetsune, his elder brother, he took interest in haikai, and went on to study Sinology and Chinese classical poems at Gyogi Private School run by Shoken KIKUCHI.
Japanese: また兄成常の影響で俳諧に親しみ、さらに菊地松軒の迎義塾では、漢学、漢詩を学んだ。
English: Discovering "Shosetsu shinzui" (The Essence of Novels) and "Tosei shosei katagi" (The Character of Modern Students) by Shoyo TSUBOUCHI, he passionately pursued literature.
Japanese: 坪内逍遥の『小説神髄』や『当世書生気質』と出会った露伴は、文学の道へ志す情熱が芽生えたと言われる。
English: His return route from Hokkaido to Tokyo became the subject of his Tokkan Kiko (Journal of a Desperate Journey) which begins with the following passage: 'Physically wounded, mentally depressed, I cannot ward off misfortune no matter how hard I may try.'
Japanese: この北海道から東京までの道程が「身には疾あり胸には愁あり、悪因縁は逐(お)えども去らず」に始まる突貫紀行の題材である。
English: Dismissed from his governmental post, he began to work for his father's paper shop called Aiai-do while avidly reading Saikaku IHARA's works.
Japanese: 免官の処分を受けたため父が始めた紙店愛々堂に勤め、一方で井原西鶴を愛読した。
English: After returning from Hokkaido in 1889, he wrote 'Tsuyu dandan' that was published in 'Miyako no Hana' (an influential fictional journal) an intermediary of Kangetsu.
Japanese: 明治22年（1889年）、北海道の赴任先から帰京した露伴は、「露団々」を起草し、寒月を介して「都の花」に発表された。
English: Based on Tenno-ji Temple (in Taito Ward), Rohan further published "Goju no to" and "Furyu butsu," through which he came to establish himself as a professional writer.
Japanese: さらに天王寺(台東区)をモデルとする『五重塔』『風流仏』などを発表し、作家としての地位を確立していく。
English: Together with Koyo OZAKI, a writer in this period, he enjoyed the golden age of 'The Ko-Ro Era.'
Japanese: この頃に同世代の尾崎紅葉ととも「紅露時代」と呼ばれる黄金時代を迎える。
English: Building an era of Meiji literature, Rohan was instrumental in determining the way modern Japanese literature developed.
Japanese: 明治文学の一時代を築いた露伴は、近代文学の発展を方向づけたとされる。
English: The era was also called 'the era of Ko-Ro-Sho-O,' that of Koyo OZAKI, Rohan KODA, Shoyo TSUBOUCHI, and Ogai MORI.
Japanese: また尾崎紅葉、坪内逍遥、森鴎外と並んで、「紅露逍鴎時代」と呼ばれることもある。
English: After he published "Shin Hagoromo Monogatari" (A New Tale of Hagoromo) in 1904, he finally abandoned 'Sora Utsu Nami' (Waves Dashing against Heaven) which he discontinued many times over.
Japanese: 『新羽衣物語』を発表後の明治37年（1904年）、それまで何度も中絶のあった「天うつ浪」の執筆が途絶えた。
English: He wrote commentaries on Saikaku IHARA and "Nanso Satomi Hakken-den" (The Eight Dog Chronicle) as well as co-authoring "Basho-haiku kenkyu" (Studies on Basho's Haiku) with six members of the Basho Society, including Keion Nunami and Mizuho OTA.
Japanese: 一方、井原西鶴や『南総里見八犬伝』を評釈し、沼波瓊音、太田水穂ら芭蕉研究会の6人との共著『芭蕉俳句研究』を出した。
English: In 1947, just before his death, he completed "A Commentary on the Seven Collections of the Basho School" which he began seventeen years ago back in 1920.
Japanese: 大正9年（1920年）には『松尾芭蕉七部作』の注釈を始め、17年かけて晩年の昭和22年（1947年）に評釈を完成させる。
English: Invited by Kokichi KARINO, one of his old friends, he became a lecturer of Japanese literature at the College of Letters, Kyoto University in 1906.
Japanese: 明治39年（1906年）に旧友である狩野亨吉に請われて、京都大学文科の国文学講座の講師となったことがある。
English: Although Rohan was a distinguished writer and Konan was a well-known journalist, they were totally unknown as scholars.
Japanese: この両名はそれぞれ小説家として、ジャーナリストとして当時から有名であったが学者としての力量は未知数であった。
English: According to Masaru AOKI who studied under the supervision of Rohan, he taught literary theory and criticism, including studies on Japanese rhetoric (the history of Japanese stylistics), "Soga-monogatari" (The Tale of the Soga Brothers), "Wasan" (Buddhist hymns in vernacular Japanese) and Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU.
Japanese: 露伴の指導を仰いだ青木正児によると、日本文脈論（日本文体の発達史）・『曽我物語』と『和讃』についての文学論・近松門左衛門などの講義内容だった。
English: His students however had a hard time taking notes during his class since he had cursive handwriting, and moreover, being well-built, he often covered the blackboard with his big head.
Japanese: ただし、黒板の文字は草書での走り書き、しかも体格ががっちりして頭が大きいのでその文字を覆ってしまい学生達はノートを取ることが難しかったという。
English: Erudite scholar as he was, he was so bored with the bureaucratic and straitjacketed university that he did not return to Kyoto from Tokyo after his summer holidays, and he resigned from the university only a year later.
Japanese: 露伴は学者としても充分な素養があったのだが、官僚的で窮屈な大学に嫌気が差して夏季休暇で東京に戻ったまま、僅か一年足らずで大学を辞してしまった。
English: On April 28, 1937 he was one of the first recipients of the Order of Culture and became a member of the Imperial Art Academy.
Japanese: 昭和12年（1937年）4月28日には第1回文化勲章を授与され、帝国芸術院会員となる。
English: On July 30, 1947 he died at seventy-nine in Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture where he moved to after the War.
Japanese: 昭和22年（1947年）7月30日、戦後移り住んだ千葉県市川市において、79歳で没。
English: His daughter, Aya KODA, was noted for her essays on Rohan while he was alive.
Japanese: 娘の幸田文は、露伴が没する以前から露伴に関する随筆を書き注目を集めた。
English: Her daughter, Tama AOKI, is also an essayist and so is her daughter Nao AOKI.
Japanese: その子である青木玉も随筆家で、またその子である青木奈緒はエッセイストである。
English: The story is based on a legend in which Kenbun-tei (Emperor Jianwen) kept hiding himself for several decades from Eiraku-tei (Emperor Yongle) who chased him.
Japanese: 明の建文帝が永楽帝に追われて、何十年も潜伏して生活していたという伝説について書かれた話。
English: Toshio TAKASHIMA has recently collated this book with Chinese historiographical texts in his work.
Japanese: 近年、高島俊男が著書の中で、この本と中国の歴史家の研究との突合せを行っている。
English: He argues that "Min Shiki-ji Honmatsu" whose 'style' impressed Junichiro TANIZAKI, Mokichi SAITO and Shinzo KOIZUMI was a simple prose retelling in Japanese of its Chinese original and is a work of no literary merit.
Japanese: 高島によると、谷崎潤一郎、斎藤茂吉や小泉信三等がその「文体」に感激したというこの史伝は、元ネタの『明史紀事本末』を、漢文訓読文で単純に読み下したものにすぎず、文学的に評価するのはおかしいという。
English: He further discusses that what Rohan regarded as truth in writing "Unmei" is just a legendary account and is not a historical fact.
Japanese: また、露伴が執筆時に事実と信じていた内容は伝説の類であり、歴史的事実ではないという。
English: Toko KON suggests that Tanizaki was the god father of the work.
Japanese: また今東光が書くところによるとこの作品を『運命』と名付けたのは谷崎である。
English: Tanizaki immediately read through Rohan's manuscripts which Sanehiko YAMAMOTO, the director of Kaizo-sha Publishers, brought to him.
Japanese: 改造社社長山本実彦が露伴の書き下ろした原稿を一読の為持参すると、谷崎は直ちに目を通した。
English: He said, 'This is a great work, but nobody can understand what it is about just by reading the title "Rei," and this would be a better title if I may be bold enough to suggest.'
Japanese: 「素晴らしい作品であるが、この『零』という表題では何人も容易に会得することが出来ないであろうから、甚だ失礼ながらこの方が良いのではないか｣と言った。
English: FUTABATEI Shimei (April 4, 1864- May 10, 1909) was a Japanese novelist and translator.
Japanese: 二葉亭四迷（ふたばていしめい、元治元年2月28日(旧暦)（1864年4月4日）-明治42年（1909年）5月10日）は、日本の小説家、翻訳家。
English: There is an anecdote about his pseudonym: it originated from the words of his father who did not appreciate literature, 'Kutabatte shime' (Go to hell).
Japanese: 筆名の由来は、文学に理解のなかった父に、「くたばってしめ（ま）え」といわれたことから。
English: According to a curriculum vitae that was written in his own hand, he studied at Senshu School at the time (the present-day Senshu University) from February 1, 1883 to December 25, 1885, and graduated from there.
Japanese: 彼の自筆履歴書によると、1883年2月1日から1885年12月25日まで、当時の専修学校（現在の専修大学）で学び、卒業した。
English: Then, in January 1886, he left the Russian language school of the third department at Tokyo Shogyo Gakko (Tokyo Commercial College, present-day Hitotsubashi University), that was established by reorganization, before graduating from it.
Japanese: その後、同科が改組されてできた東京商業学校（現一橋大学）第三部露語科を1886年1月に中退。
English: His realistic novel "Ukigumo"(the drifting cloud), published from 1887 to 1891, was written in a style unifying written and spoken language, and became the forerunner of modern Japanese novels.
Japanese: 1887年～91年の間に出された写実主義小説『浮雲(二葉亭四迷)』は言文一致体で書かれ、日本の近代小説の先駆となった。
English: He also translated many Russian literature works into Japanese, and his translations of Ivan Turgenev's 'Aibiki' (The Rendezvous) and 'Megurial' (Chance Meetings) are especially famous.
Japanese: また、ロシア文学の翻訳もよくし、イワン・ツルゲーネフの「あひゞき」「めぐりあひ」は特に有名。
English: After Shimei graduated from a school of western studies (the present-day Aichi Prefectural Asahigaoka High School), the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, signed between Japan and Russia at the time, roused in him a feeling that Japan was in a crisis against Russia, and he applied to the Military Academy (Japan).
Japanese: 洋学校（現・愛知県立旭丘高等学校）卒業後、当時、ロシアとの間に結ばれた千島樺太交換条約をうけて、ロシアに対する日本の危機感を持ち、陸軍士官学校(日本)を受験した。
English: However, due to being rejected, he gave up becoming an army officer and was determined to become a diplomat.
Japanese: しかし不合格になったため、軍人となることを諦め、外交官となる決意する。
English: Seeking a diplomatic career, he went on to the Department of Russian language at Tokyo Gaikokugo Gakko (the Tokyo School of Foreign language under the old system, the present-day Tokyo University of Foreign Studies) in 1881.
Japanese: 外交官を目指し明治14年（1881年）、東京外国語学校(旧制)（現東京外国語大学）露語科に進学。
English: Meanwhile, Tokyo Gaikokugo Gakko was subsumed within Tokyo Shogyo Gakko (Tokyo Commercial College, the present-day Hitotsubashi University), and the Department of Russian language at Tokyo Gaikokugo Gakko, where Shimei had been studying, became the Russian language school in the third department at Tokyo Shogyo Gakko.
Japanese: また東京外国語学校が東京商業学校と合併し、四迷の在学していた東京外国語学校露語科は東京商業学校（現一橋大学）第三部露語科となった。
English: But Shimei gradually harbored dislike against Jiro YANO, who took office as the principal of Tokyo Shogyo Gakko (Tokyo Commercial College) due to this merger.
Japanese: ところが、四迷は、この合併に伴い東京商業学校校長に就任した矢野二郎に対し悪感情を持つようになる。
English: By the way, Jugoro OTAGURO (a businessman who was involved in business of hydropower and a former executive managing director of Toshiba) was a close friend of Shimei while they studied at Tokyo Gaikokugo Gakko and Tokyo Shogyo Gakko.
Japanese: なお大田黒重五郎（実業家（水力電気事業）、元東芝専務）は東京外国語学校および東京商業学校での親友であった。
English: Also, according to a curriculum vitae that was written in Shimei's own hand, he studied at Senshu School (the present-day Senshu University) from February 1, 1883 to December 25, 1885.
Japanese: また、彼の自筆履歴書によると、明治16年（1883年）2月1日から明治18年（1885年）12月25日まで、専修学校（現在の専修大学）に学んだ。
English: He had also been translating a part of "Fathers and Sons" written by Ivan Turgenev, but it ended up with not being published.
Japanese: また、イワン・ツルゲーネフの『父と子』の一部を訳していたが、未発表に終わった。
English: The next year (1887), he published part I of "Shinpen Ukigumo" in the name of Yuzo TSUBOUCHI (Shoyo's real name).
Japanese: 翌・明治20年（1887年）に『新編浮雲』第一篇を、坪内雄蔵（逍遥の本名）名義で刊行。
English: Some people introduced this first novel "Ukigumo" (the drifting cloud, Part I to III) as incomplete because of the draft of the novel after part III which he left.
Japanese: この処女小説『浮雲(二葉亭四迷)』（第一篇～第三篇）は、第三篇以降の草案があったため未完に終わった作品として紹介されていることもある。
English: Nevertheless, it is true that both his realistic description and his writing style that unified colloquial and literature language made a great impact on men of literature in those days.
Japanese: が、写実主義の描写と言文一致の文体で当時の文学者たちに大きな影響を与えたことは事実である。
English: It is said that he removed the influence of gesaku literature, which had still remained strong in Shoyo TSUBOUCHI's "Tosei shosei katagi" (The Character of Modern Students) written ahead of time, and told the beginning of modern Japanese novels.
Japanese: 先立って書かれた坪内逍遥の『当世書生気質』に色濃く残っていた戯作文学の影響を排し、日本の近代小説の始まりを告げたとされる。
English: The style in describing nature, especially in 'Aibiki', the Japanese translation of a part of Turgenev's "Ryojin Nikki" (A Sportsman's Sketches), affected many novelists.
Japanese: 特にツルゲーネフの『猟人日記』の一部を訳した「あひゞき」は、その自然描写の文体が多くの作家に影響を与えた。
English: His interest in poverty relief resulted in both a friendship with Iwagoro MATSUBARA and Gennosuke YOKOYAMA and his influence over them, and they later became journalists dealing with labor problems and problems of the poor.
Japanese: 貧民救済への関心は、のちに貧民問題や労働問題を扱うジャーナリストとなる松原岩五郎や横山源之助との交友を生み、彼らに対して影響を与えることになった。
English: In 1895, he became a part-time lecturer in the Russian language department at Rikugun Daigakko (the Army War College), and then, in 1899, Tokyo Gaikokugo Gakko (the Tokyo School of Foreign language under the old system, the present-day Tokyo University of Foreign Studies) was established again.
Japanese: 明治28年（1895年）に陸軍大学校露語科教示嘱託、明治32年（1899年）に再び東京外国語学校(旧制)（現東京外国語大学）が設立された。
English: Upon the recommendation of Tsuneichiro FURUKAWA, his former teacher at the old School of Foreign language, Shimei became a professor in the Department of Russian language.
Japanese: 旧外国語学校時代の恩師である古川常一郎の推薦を受けロシア語科の教授となる。
English: He learned Esperanto while staying in Russia in 1902, and in 1906, he published a primer on it in Japan.
Japanese: 明治35年（1902年）、ロシア滞在中にエスペラントを学び、明治39年（1906年）に日本で入門書を出版した。
English: In March 1904, through the introduction of Konan NAITO, he started working at the Asahi Shimbun Company as a reporter covering news in Tokyo.
Japanese: 内藤湖南の紹介で、明治37年（1904年）3月に朝日新聞社に入り、東京出張員となった。
English: However, that job did not suit him well, and through the good offices of Sanzan IKEBE, the chief editor of the Tokyo Asahi Shimbun Company, he transferred to the Tokyo Asahi Shimbun and published serial novels.
Japanese: だがその仕事にはあまり向かず、東京朝日新聞社主筆池辺三山のはからいで東京朝日に移籍し、小説を連載する。
English: He published "Sono Omokage" and "Heibon," and they were welcomed and enjoyed a really good reputation among readers.
Japanese: 『其面影』や『平凡(小説)』を発表し、読者からは大好評で迎えられる。
English: In 1908, he started his new job as a special correspondent of the Asahi Shimbun in Russia, and headed to Saint Petersburg.
Japanese: 明治41年（1908年）、朝日新聞特派員としてロシア赴任、サンクトペテルブルクへ向かった。
English: While doing his work, he translated Ogai MORI's "Maihime" (The Dancing Girl) and Doppo KUNIKIDA's "Gyuniku to Bareisho" (Meat and Potatoes) into Russian, but suffered from insomnia due to nights during which the sun did not set.
Japanese: 一方、森鴎外の『舞姫』、国木田独歩の『牛肉と馬鈴薯』の露訳も行ったが、白夜のために不眠症に悩まされた。
English: In addition, the next year he became feverish because of having been constantly standing in the snow during Vladimir Alexandrovich's funeral.
Japanese: また翌年、ウラジーミル・アレクサンドロヴィチの葬儀のために雪の中でずっと立っていたことが災いし発熱。
English: His body was cremated in Singapore on the night of May 13, and the ashes arrived in Shinbashi on May 30.
Japanese: 5月13日夜にシンガポールで火葬がなされ、30日に遺骨が新橋に到着した。
English: In addition, he tried to take the examination for the Military Academy (Japan) three times during these three years, but failed.
Japanese: また、この3年で3回陸軍士官学校(日本)を受験するが、不合格に終わる。