nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Along the middle and lower Kizu-gawa River to the north of Kizugawa City run the Nara Line (West Japan Railway Company) and the National Route 24 on the east side of the river and the Katamachi Line (West Japan Railway Company) and the Kintetsu Kyoto Line (Kintetsu Railway) on the west side.
Japanese: 木津川市以北の中・下流域では、東岸をJR西日本奈良線と国道24号（奈良街道）が、西岸をJR西日本片町線と近畿日本鉄道近鉄京都線とが沿う。
English: Iga City (Iga-ueno area) is home to many tourist spots such as Ueno-jo Castle, Iga-ryu Ninjutsu Yashiki (Iga School Ninja House), and the Haisei-den, a memorial hall for Basho MATSUO.
Japanese: 伊賀市（伊賀上野地区）には上野城、伊賀流忍術屋敷、松尾芭蕉ゆかりの俳聖殿など名所が多い。
English: Additionally, Kasagi-cho has the Kasagi-dera Temple, which was designated as the anzaisho (a temporary palace) of Emperor Godaigo during the Genko no Ran (Genko Rebellion) in 1331.
Japanese: また、元弘の乱（1331年）の際に後醍醐天皇の行在所となった笠置寺が笠置町にある。
English: Kyoto Prefecture: Minami Yamashiro-mura, Kasagi-cho, Wazuka-cho[1] in Soraku-gun, Kizugawa City, Seika-cho in Soraku-gun, Kyotanabe City, Ide-cho in Tsuzuki-gun [1], Joyo City [1], Yawata City, Kumiyama-cho in Kuse-gun [1], and Fushimi Ward in Kyoto City [1] (1. these municipalities are located only on the right side of the river.)
Japanese: 京都府（は右岸のみに位置する自治体）-相楽郡南山城村、笠置町、和束町、木津川市、相楽郡精華町、京田辺市、綴喜郡井手町、城陽市、八幡市、久世郡久御山町、京都市伏見区
English: Kizu-gawa River Marathon: a marathon held every February which starts in the Kusauchi Kizu-gawa River Sports Park in Kyotanabe City, and runs mainly along the bicycle path on the south side of the river, finishing in the park.
Japanese: 京都木津川マラソン-毎年2月に京田辺市の草内木津川運動公園を発着地点として、木津川の南岸のサイクリングコースを中心に行われるマラソン大会。
English: Kutsuki-mura had been the only village in Shiga Prefecture for a long time, but on January 1, 2005, Kutsuki-mura was merged with Takashima-cho (Shiga Prefecture) in Takashima-gun, Adogawa-cho, Shinasahi-cho, Imazu-cho and Makino-cho to form Takashima City and thus dissolved along with Takashima-gun.
Japanese: 永らく滋賀県唯一の「村」だったが、2005年1月1日、同郡高島町(滋賀県)、安曇川町、新旭町、今津町、マキノ町と合併して高島市となり、郡と共に廃止した。
English: The so-called Saba-kaido Road, a shortcut to connect Kyoto and Obama City in the former Wakasa Province, ran through Kutsuki-mura, and the village prospered as a place along the road.
Japanese: 古くから、旧若狭国小浜市と京都を短絡する道、俗に言う鯖街道が縦断し、街道筋として栄えた。
English: In 1570, Nobunaga ODA tried to return home by way of Kutsuki-mura instead of the Koto area ruled by Asai when he was betrayed by Asai during the attack on the Asakura clan.
Japanese: 1570年織田信長の朝倉攻めで浅井が裏切った時、信長は浅井の領地である湖東を避けて朽木村経由で帰郷しようとした。
English: Mototsuna KUTSUKI, the lord of the manor in Kutsuki, helped Nobunaga and become a vassal to him.
Japanese: このとき領主であった朽木元綱（くつきもとつな）は信長を助け家臣に取り立てられた。
English: January 1, 2005: Kutsuki-mura, Takashima-cho (Shiga Prefecture), Adogawa-cho, Shinasahi-cho, Imazu-cho and Makino-cho were merged to form Takashima City.
Japanese: 2005年（平成17年）1月1日高島町(滋賀県)、安曇川町、新旭町、今津町、マキノ町と合併して高島市となった
English: Forestry developed in the area, and timber used to be transported via the Ado-gawa River by a method called 'ikada nagashi' (building a raft with timber and floating it down the river).
Japanese: 林業が盛んで、安曇川ではかつて、木材運搬のためのいかだ流しが行われた。
English: The Sunday Morning Market is held at seven in the morning every Sunday in the Kutsuki Shinhonjin, a Michi-no-Eki, or Roadside Station (a roadside rest area where one can take a rest, purchase local food and products, and get local information).
Japanese: 毎週日曜日午前7時より、道の駅道の駅くつき新本陣で「日曜朝市」が行われる。
English: Nishijin refers to the area covering Kamigyo and Kita Wards in Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 西陣（にしじん）とは京都府京都市上京区から北区(京都市)にわたる地域の名称。
English: To be precise, it refers to the area between the Horikawa-dori Street in the east and the Shichihonmatsu-dori Street in the west and between the Kuramaguchi-dori Street in the north and the Nakadachiuri-dori Street in the south of Kamigyo Ward; however, the exact location of Nishijin is not officially specified because Nishijin is not a real address.
Japanese: 上京区内の東の堀川通から西の七本松通、北の鞍馬口通から南の中立売通あたりまでの範囲の中を指すが、住所としては存在せず、どこからどこまでかは正確に定められているわけではない。
English: As for the textile industry mentioned above, twill weavers were known to have already settled in Nishijin during the first half of the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 上記の織物産業は、鎌倉時代前半に綾織りの織り手がすでに集住していたことが知られている。
English: The word 'nishijin' (literally meaning 'a camp in the west') originated from the Onin no Ran (Onin War) in which Sozen YAMANA, the Commander in Chief of the Western Army, set up a camp to the west of Horikawa.
Japanese: 「西陣」の名は応仁の乱で西軍総大将である山名宗全が堀川よりも西に陣をおいたとされたことが由来である。
English: The kimono industry has been one of the leading industries in Kyoto, and Nishijin prospered as the center of the industry; due to the declining demand for kimono, however, Nishijin has also started to decline slightly.
Japanese: 和装産業は京都を代表する産業であり、西陣はその中心地として繁栄したが、和装離れにより活気がやや失われている。
English: The combined area of the part of Nishikyo Ward to the west of the Katsura-gawa River and Otokuni-gun (including Muko City and Nagaokakyo City) is referred to as Nishigaoka or Nishiyama.
Japanese: 桂川以西の西京区と、乙訓郡（向日市・長岡京市を含む）をあわせて、西ヶ岡あるいは西山とよばれる。
English: An immigrant clan of the Hata clan settled in the area containing the present-day Nishikyo and Ukyo Wards since ancient times.
Japanese: 古来より現在の西京区や右京区を含む地域には、渡来系の一族である秦氏が居住していた。
English: It is said that the Koryu-ji Temple acted almost as if it had been their uji-dera (clan temple), and that the Matsuo-taisha Shrine held rituals for the clan.
Japanese: この秦氏の氏寺的な存在が右京区の広隆寺で、祭祀が行われたのが松尾大社であると言われている。
English: The tomb of the To family (東家), descendants of the HATA no Kawakatsu, stands in the Yamada area in Nishikyo Ward, almost as if watching over the urban area of Kyoto.
Japanese: 西京区の山田地区には秦河勝末孫の東家の墓が京都市街を見守るように立っている。
English: The Hata clan is believed to have improved the Katsura-gawa River around the fifth century, but the river is said to have been flooded repeatedly around the riverside in Nishikyo Ward.
Japanese: 秦氏は5世紀頃に桂川の治水工事を行っていたらしいが、西京区の桂川沿岸では洪水がたびたび起こったという。
English: As administrative districts, Kadono-gun and Otokuni-gun were each located separately on the plane and on the mountain side.
Japanese: 行政区画としては平地部は葛野郡、山手は乙訓郡と分かれて存在していた。
English: A demon called Shuten-doji is said to have lived in Oe on the border with Tanba Province although some believe the Oe indicated a different location of Oe-cho; according to a legend, Shuten-doji was subdued by MINAMOTO no Yorimitsu.
Japanese: 丹波国との国境の大枝には酒呑童子の鬼が居たと言われ（但し、この大江は大江町であると言う説もある）、源頼光によって討伐されたという伝説がある。
English: Additionally, historic temples and shrines such as Fujiwara clan's branch shrine, the Kasuga-jinja Shrine, the Yoshimine-dera Temple and the Katagihara-haiji Ato (site of the Katagihara dilapidated Temple) are located in Nishikyo Ward.
Japanese: このほか当区内の由緒ある寺社と言えば藤原氏の祀社・春日神社、善峰寺、樫原廃寺跡などがある。
English: Under the rein of Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA during the Muromachi period when the capital was located in Kyoto, forces under the direct control of the Seii Taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians"), 'Hokoshu' (literally vassal group) were organized mainly from local powerful clans in Nishigaoka.
Japanese: 京都に政権中枢があった室町時代には、将軍足利義満の時代に、征夷大将軍直属の軍勢として西ヶ岡土豪衆を中心に「奉公衆」が結成された。
English: They excelled in the urban battles in the Meitoku no Ran (Meitoku Rebellion) and the Onin no Ran (Onin War): during the Onin no Ran, they attacked Masahiro OUCHI under the order of Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, playing a part in the Muromachi political arena.
Japanese: 彼らは明徳の乱や応仁の乱など市街地が舞台となった合戦で活躍し、応仁の乱では細川勝元の指示で大内政弘を攻撃するなど、室町政界に参与した。
English: In the Edo period, the Sanin-kaido Road ran across the present-day Nishikyo Ward, and Katsura and the Katagihara and Oe areas along the road prospered as the shukuba-machi (post stations).
Japanese: 江戸時代には山陰街道が現在の西京区域を横断するように敷かれ、沿道の桂や樫原・大枝は宿場町として栄えた。
English: The portion of Ukyo Ward to the west of the Katsura-gawa River was separated to establish Nishikyo Ward on October 1, 1976.
Japanese: 1976年（昭和51年）10月1日右京区から桂川以西を分区して西京区が誕生
English: Collection and delivery in Nishikyo Ward except the Rakusai area (Rakusai Post Office) is operated by Ukyo Post Office and Kyoto West Post Office in Ukyo Ward due to the history of Nishikyo Ward's separation from Ukyo Ward.
Japanese: 右京区から分区した名残で、西京区の担当集配郵便局は、洛西地区（洛西郵便局）を除いて右京区内にある右京郵便局または京都西郵便局の管轄となっている。
English: The official name of the hanamachi is Nishishinyashiki, and is comprised of the six towns of Kamino-cho, Nakano-cho, Chudoji-cho, Tayu-cho, Shimono-cho and Ageya-cho.
Japanese: 正式名称は西新屋敷で6つの町（上ノ町、中之町、中堂寺町、太夫町、下之町、揚屋町）で構成されている。
English: Shimabara is believed to have started with the opening of the 'keisei no tsubone' (courtesan house) called 'Kujo no Sato.'
Japanese: 室町時代に「九条の里」という傾城局が設置されたのが始まりだといわれる。
English: The hanamachi was said to have been transferred to Nijo Madenokoji (called 'Nijo Yanagimachi') by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 安土桃山時代に豊臣秀吉によって花街が二条万里小路に移されたという（「二条柳町」）。
English: In the Edo period, it was transferred to the area near Rokujo and was referred to as 'Rokujo Misujimachi,' having produced renowned geisha such as Yoshino-dayu (Geisha Yoshino with the honorary suffix 'dayu' for geisha or courtesans added).
Japanese: 江戸時代になると六条付近にうつされて「六条三筋町」と称され、吉野太夫等の名妓が輩出した。
English: The hanamachi came to be called 'Shimabara' because, some people believe, this incident resembled Shimabara no Ran (Shimabara Rebellion) or because, others say, the hanamachi surrounded by fields was likened to an island.
Japanese: このことが島原の乱に似ていたため以後「嶋原」と呼ばれるようになったという説と、周りが田原であったため、島にたとえて呼ばれたという説がある。
English: Shimabara was at its peak during the Genroku era, and with rises and falls, afterwards, ceased to flourish.
Japanese: 最盛期は元禄で、その後は幾度かの盛衰を繰り返したものの、あまり栄えなかった。
English: Shimabara had two omon (entrance gate to the hanamachi), and, with the tegata (permit, 手形), women in the hanamachi are allowed to go out of the district freely; moreover, it was open to commoners irrelevant of age or gender.
Japanese: 嶋原の大門は2箇所存在し、廓の女性達は（手形が必要ではあるが）自由に廓の外へ出ることができ、一般人の出入りも老若男女問わず自由。
English: As can be seen from the examples of Hachiro KIYOKAWA and Sanyo RAI, who as filial duty let their birth mothers have fun at the ageya (a high-class restaurant where courtesans or geisha were called to entertain customers), Shimabara was different from what the public negatively considers the 'yukaku' (red-light district) to be.
Japanese: 清河八郎や頼山陽のように、実母を「親孝行」として揚屋で遊ばせた例があり、世間一般に誤解されがちな「遊廓」とは異なる存在であることがわかる。
English: After the Meiji period, Shimabara lost regulars of the court nobles and the samurai class and thus its economic condition deteriorated; the district tried to survive by holding events such as the 'Tayu Dochu' (public procession of the tayu, a courtesan or geisha of the highest rank), but the numbers of ochaya (teahouse), tayu and geisha decreased; finally, the teahouse association was dissolved and Shimabara became an ordinary residential district.
Japanese: 明治以後は公家、武家の常連客がいなくなり、さらに窮状に置かれるものの「太夫道中」などの行事で支えていたが、昭和後期にお茶屋、太夫、芸妓の人数が減り、ついにはお茶屋組合が解散して普通の住宅地と化した。
English: Many of the remaining buildings and gates in the hanamachi era have disappeared due to demolitions and traffic accidents, and currently, only 'Omon,' `Wachigaiya' (geisha house and teahouse), and 'Sumiya' (ageya) remain to remind people of the hanamachi.
Japanese: 残存していた多くの建物や門も、取り壊しや車との接触事故などで姿を消し、現在は「大門」、「輪違屋」、「角屋」がわずかにその面影をとどめているだけである。
English: The tayu in Shimabara after World War II included: Yugiri tayu (second generation), Takasago tayu, Kokonoe tayu (九重太夫), Usugumo daifu, Wakagumo tayu (若雲太夫), Kasuga tayu (春日太夫), Hanagumo tayu (花雲太夫), and Hanakoto dayu.
Japanese: 戦後在籍していた太夫に、夕霧太夫（二代目）、高砂太夫、九重太夫、薄雲太夫、若雲太夫、春日太夫、花雲太夫、花琴太夫等。
English: The active tayu today are Hanaogi tayu, Tsukasa tayu, Kisaragi dayu, and the furisode dayu (apprentice tayu wearing a kimono with long, trailing sleeves and a long overgarment).
Japanese: 現在、太夫は花扇太夫、司太夫、如月太夫と、もう一人振袖太夫（太夫の見習い、振袖の着物・打掛を着る）がいる。
English: Note that names for tayu are passed down from generation to generation, and accordingly more than one tayu with the same tayu name may exist through generations.
Japanese: 注意：太夫の「源氏名」は代々引き継がれるため、同名の太夫が過去に何代か存在する
English: It was open, and had a Kaburen theater: full of cultural and literary activities such as Japanese poems of tanka and haikai (haiku, renku, and haibun), one will notice that Shimabara was a hanamachi (geisha district) with a sophisticated culture.
Japanese: 開放的で歌舞練場があり、和歌俳諧等の文芸活動が盛んであるなど、文化レベルの高い花街であることがわかる。
English: Sumiya, the only surviving building of the ageya architectural style in Japan, also proves that Shimabara was a refined hanamachi.
Japanese: 日本で唯一残る揚屋建築である『角屋』は嶋原が高度な花街である証を見せている。
English: They belonged to the okiya (a house where geisha or courtesans live) and were sent to the ageya (this form of business influenced Gion and other hanamachi).
Japanese: 太夫は置屋に所属し、揚屋に派遣される（この形態が祇園等、他の花街に影響を与えた）。
English: The tayu in fact held the high rank of the jugoi (Junior Fifth Rank) in the past, and has been the highest title awarded to the sophisticated geisha.
Japanese: 太夫は従五位の位を持つほどの格式があり、教養に長けた芸妓の最高の地位である。
English: Shimabara has produced renowned geisha such as Yachiyo tayu, Yoshino dayu, Yugiri dayu, Ohashi tayu and Sakuragi tayu.
Japanese: 八千代太夫、吉野太夫、夕霧太夫、大橋太夫、桜木太夫などの名妓を輩出している。
English: The memorial services for Yoshino dayu, Ohashi tayu and Sakuragi tayu are said to have been held every October in Shimabara.
Japanese: かつての嶋原では毎年10月に吉野太夫・大橋太夫・八千代太夫の追善供養を行ったらしい。
English: The tayu in Shimabara apply the white make-up thickly as the geisha and apprentice geisha in Gion do, and apply lipstick only to their bottom lips and the ohaguro (ink to color one's teeth black) to their teeth without fail.
Japanese: 嶋原の太夫は、祇園の舞妓、芸妓と同様の白塗りの厚化粧で、口紅は下唇のみに塗り、必ずお歯黒を付ける。
English: The tayu do not wear wigs, and instead do their own hair in Japanese styles, which have a wide variety of hairstyles, such as '男元禄 (Tatehyogo),' 'Osafune,' and 'Katsuyama mage' (almost the same as 'Fukiwa' in Tokyo).
Japanese: 鬘を被らず、必ず自毛で「男元禄（立兵庫）」、「長船」、「勝山髷」（東京でいうところの「吹輪」とほぼ同形）等の各種の日本髪（髪型の種類がかなり多い）を結う。
English: Historically, the title of 'Tayu' (Bu dayu and Noh dayu) has been awarded to those females who excelled in Noh plays and women's kabuki, and accordingly, the tayu in Shimabara are required to master classical Japanese dance.
Japanese: 歴史的には能楽や女歌舞伎の舞台で秀でた女性に「太夫」（舞太夫、能太夫）の称号が与えられたことから、嶋原の太夫は舞踊を習得していることが必須である。
English: Classical Japanese dance in Shimabara followed the Shinozuka School first, then the Inoue School of Dance temporarily, and later the Hanayagi School of Dance.
Japanese: 嶋原の舞踊の流派は、当初篠塚流、その後一時井上流になったが、後に花柳流に変わった。
English: Additionally, the tayu have to be familiar with Japanese musical instrument, songs, calligraphy, incense burning, flower arrangement, Japanese poems and Imperial court-style games.
Japanese: その他、和楽器、唄、書道、香道、華道、詩歌、御所風の遊びに通じていることも必要とされる。
English: Note that the tayu in Shimabara are considered to be geisha, not yujo (courtesans) since they sold their high-quality traditional performing arts, but did not sell their bodies.
Japanese: 注意：嶋原の太夫は高水準の芸が売り物であり体を売らなかったので芸妓であって遊女ではない、とされる。
English: Also note that the tayu are commonly called 'Kottai,' but not 'Oiran.'
Japanese: また、太夫の通称は「こったい」であって「おいらん」ではない点にも注意。
English: The Saigoku Sanjusankasho is the collective name for the thirty-three holy places of Kannon (Goddess of Mercy) scattered around Gifu Prefecture and the six prefectures (Kyoto, Osaka, Hyogo, Shiga, Nara, and Wakayama) in the Kinki region.
Japanese: 西国三十三箇所（さいごくさんじゅうさんかしょ）とは、近畿2府4県と岐阜県に点在する33ヶ所の観音霊場の総称。
English: A pilgrimage to visit these holy places as the fudasho temples (a temple of pilgrimage where pilgrims originally nailed a 'fuda,' or wooden votive plate, to the pillar or ceiling of the temple) is the oldest form of pilgrimage in Japan, and is still enjoyed today by many worshipers as the Saigoku Sanjusankasho Junrei (Pilgrimage).
Japanese: この霊場を札所とした巡礼は日本で最も歴史がある巡礼行であり、現在でも「西国三十三所巡礼」として多くの参拝者が訪れている。
English: Saint Tokudo, the founder of the Hase-dera Temple in Yamato Province, met Enma Daio (King Yama, or the King of Hell) at the entrance to the other world when he died of disease at the age of sixty-two in 718; he received from Enma Daio an oracle telling him to build thirty-three holy places of Kannon and save people by having them make the pilgrimage, then received the kishomon (written oath) to Kannon and the thirty-three hoin (temple seals), and was sent back to the world to accomplish these tasks, for too many people had been sent to hell from bad karma.
Japanese: 718年（養老2年）大和国の長谷寺の開基である徳道上人が62歳のとき、病のために亡くなるが冥土の入口で閻魔大王に会い、生前の罪業によって地獄へ送られる者があまりにも多いことから、三十三箇所の観音霊場をつくり巡礼によって人々を救うように託宣を受けるとともに起請文と三十三の宝印を授かり現世に戻された。
English: Saint Tokudo persuaded people to make the Sanjusankasho junrei (pilgrimage), but it did not become popular due to the lack of trust towards him among the public; thus, he decided to wait for the right time and placed the hoin he had received from Enma Daio in a stone urn at the Nakayama-dera Temple in Settsu Province.
Japanese: 上人はこの三十三所巡礼を人々に説くが世間の信用が得られずあまり普及しなかったため、機が熟すのを待つこととし、閻魔大王から授かった宝印を摂津国の中山寺_(宝塚市)の石櫃に納めた。
English: Two hundred and seventy years after the Saint Tokudo's placement of the hoin at the Nakayama-dera Temple, when Emperor Kazan confined himself to the Mt. Nachi in Kishu Province for meditation, Kumano Gongen (the deity of the three grand shrines of Kumano) appeared in front of Emperor Kazan and gave an oracle to him that said he must revitalize the thirty-three holy places of Kannon that Saint Tokudo had designated.
Japanese: 徳道上人が中山寺に宝印を納めてから約270年後、花山天皇が紀州国の那智山で参籠していた折、熊野権現が姿を現し上人が定めた三十三の観音霊場を再興するように託宣を受ける。
English: Emperor Kazan then found the hoin at the Nakayama-dera Temple, made the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon accompanied by Saint Shoku in Mt. Shosha in Harima Province and Saint Butsugen at the Ishikawa-dera Temple in Kawachi Province, and as a result, the pilgrimage began to spread among people.
Japanese: そして中山寺で宝印を探し出し、播磨国書写山の性空上人、河内国石川寺の仏眼上人と中山寺の弁光上人を伴い三十三箇所を巡礼したことから、やがて人々に広まっていった。
English: The number 'thirty-three' is said to have come from the legend that Kannon Bosatsu (Goddess of Mercy) disguises herself in thirty-three forms when she saves all living things.
Japanese: この三十三の数については、観音菩薩が衆生を救うとき、33の姿に変化することに由来すると言われている。
English: It is believed that all the sins committed throughout one's lifetime would be washed away and a person would go to paradise if he/she made the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon in western provinces.
Japanese: 西国三十三箇所の観音菩薩を巡礼参拝すると、現世で犯したあらゆる罪業が消滅し、極楽往生できるとされる。
English: The first historical document to refer to the Sanjusankasho junrei (pilgrimage) was the 'Kannon Reijo Sanjusankasho Junrei-ki' (Memoirs of the pilgrimage to the thirty-three holy places of Kannon) written by the Buddhist monk Gyoson of the Onjo-ji Temple (known as Mi-dera Temple) in Omi Province in 1090.
Japanese: 歴史資料に三十三所巡礼が表れるのは、1090年（寛治4年）の近江国園城寺（三井寺）の僧・行尊による「観音霊場三十三所巡礼記」が最初である。
English: In this pilgrimage, the first temple for Gyoson to visit was the Hase-dera Temple and the thirty-third one was the Mimuroto-ji Temple.
Japanese: この時の巡礼は、第一番は長谷寺であり、第三十三番は三室戸寺であった。
English: In the Edo period, the Kannon pilgrimage spread among ordinary people, and together with the Bando Sanjusankasho (Thirty-three Holy Places of Kannon in the Bando region) and the Chichibu Sanjuyonkasho (Thirty-four Holy Places of Kannon in the Chichibu area), the Saigoku Sanjusankasho came to be called the 'Nihon Hyaku Kannon' (hundred Kannon temples in Japan).
Japanese: 江戸時代には庶民に観音巡礼が広まり、関東の坂東三十三箇所や秩父三十四箇所と併せて日本百観音と言われるようになった。
English: Consequently, the number of the pilgrims from the eastern provinces increased, and this Kannon pilgrimage in the Kamigata area (area centering around Kyoto) came to be called the 'Saigoku Sanjusankasho;' it is believed that the Seiganto-ji Temple in the Kumano area of Kii Province became the first temple because many people made the pilgrimage to the three grand shrines (including the Seiganto-ji Temple) of Kumano first, that the Kegon-ji Temple in Mino Province became the thirty-third temple because of the easy access to the eastern provinces when returning home, and that the current route of the pilgrimage was decided in this way.
Japanese: これにより東国の巡礼者が増え、この上方の観音巡礼が「西国三十三箇所」と言われるようになり、熊野詣から巡礼を始める人が多かったので第一番が紀伊国熊野の青岸渡寺に、東国への帰路に着きやすいということで第三十三番が美濃国の華厳寺という現在の巡礼順になったと考えられている。
English: In the early Edo period, the 'junrei-ko' (pilgrim groups) were organized in many parts of the country, and group pilgrimage became popular.
Japanese: 江戸時代初期から「巡礼講」が各地で組まれ団体の巡礼が盛んに行われた。
English: There were even professional pilgrims called 'sanjusando gyoja' (literally meaning 'thirty-three times ascetic') who completed one pilgrimage by making the Sanjusankasho pilgrimage thirty-three times at the request of others such as a local area.
Japanese: 地域などから依頼を受けて三十三箇所を33回巡礼することで満願となる「三十三度行者」と呼ばれる職業的な巡礼者もいた。
English: There still remain the 'Mangan Kuyo-to' (memorial towers), which were built for the commemoration of the mangan (completion of the pilgrimage) achieved by these pilgrim groups and sanjusando gyoja.
Japanese: これら巡礼講や三十三度行者の満願を供養した石碑である「満願供養塔」は全国各地に残っている。
English: This clearly shows that each fudasho temple is in good financial shape due to the increasing number of pilgrims
Japanese: 巡礼者の増加に伴い、各寺院の財政が潤っていることを端的に示している。
English: The name originates from the old custom that pilgrims nailed wooden votive plates inscribed with their names and birth provinces to the main hall of a temple, hoping to make a connection with the principal object of worship, Kannon (Goddess of Mercy).
Japanese: かつての巡礼者が本尊である観音菩薩との結縁を願って、氏名や生国を記した木製の札を寺院のお堂に打ち付けていたことに由来する。
English: At a fudasho temple, pilgrims have the temple collect their shakyo (hand-copied sutra) and pay it the nokyo-ryo (fee for the collection of the shakyo) as a donation after a prayer, and they receive the stamp of the hoin in the nokyo-cho (a book in which they collect the stamp of the hoin and the signature at each fudasho temple).
Japanese: 札所では参拝の後、写経とお布施として納経料を納め、納経帳に宝印の印影を授かる。
English: The pilgrimage route of the Saigoku Sanjusankasho includes, as additional holy places, three more temples associated with the founder of the pilgrimage Saint Tokudo and Cloistered Emperor Kazan, who revitalized it.
Japanese: 巡礼の道中に、開基である徳道上人や再興させた花山法皇のゆかりの寺院が番外霊場として3か所含まれている。
English: As the orei-mairi (a visit to a temple to show gratitude for the completion of the prayer) for the completion of the pilgrimage, pilgrims pay a visit to the Zenko-ji Temple at last, resulting in making the pilgrimage to the thirty-seven temples in total.
Japanese: そして結願のお礼参りとして、最後に信州の善光寺に参拝し計37か所を巡礼する。
English: The Saigoku Sanjusankasho Junrei may include, as additional holy places, the Oku no In (innermost sanctuary) at the Kongobu-ji Temple in Koyasan, the Konpon Chudo (main hall) at the Enryaku-ji Temple in the Mt. Hiei, the Nigatsu-do (literally February hall) at the Todai-ji Temple in Nara, and/or the Shitenno-ji Temple in Osaka, and, accordingly, some believe that pilgrims can select one temple for the orei-mairi from the five temples of these four additional places and the Zenko-ji Temple.
Japanese: また、高野山金剛峯寺の奥の院、比叡山延暦寺の根本中堂、奈良の東大寺の二月堂、大阪の四天王寺を番外霊場に含んでいる場合もあり、お礼参りは善光寺を含め5か所の中から一つを選べばよいとする説もある。
English: The total distance of the junrei-do (pilgrimage route) from the first fudasho temple to the thirty-third one is approximately 1000 kilometers, which is shorter than the henro michi (pilgrimage route) of the Shikoku Hachijuhakkasho (Eighty-eight Holy Places in the Shikoku region); because the distance between two fudasho temples of the Saigoku Sanjusankasho are long except in Kyoto City, however, a few people nowadays walk the entire pilgrimage route and instead most use their own cars or public transportation.
Japanese: 第一番から第三十三番までの巡礼道は約1000kmであり四国八十八箇所の遍路道約1400kmと比較すれば短いが、京都市内をのぞいて札所間の距離が長いため、現在では全行程を歩き巡礼する人はとても少なく、自家用車や公共交通機関を利用する人がほとんどである。
English: For one month from March, 1935, the 'Saigoku Sanjusankasho Fudasho Rengokai' (Federation) in cooperation with the Hankyu Railway held the 'Kannon Reijo Saigoku Sanjusankasho Hankyu Ensen Shukkaihi' (観音霊場西国三十三ヶ所阪急沿線出開扉).
Japanese: 1935年3月から1か月間「西国三十三ヶ所札所連合会」が阪急電鉄とタイアップして「観音霊場西国三十三ヶ所阪急沿線出開扉」を開催した。
English: Railway and bus companies still organize many pilgrimage tours, and a lot of people join them.
Japanese: 現在でも鉄道会社やバス会社によって多くの巡礼ツアーが組まれており利用者も多い。