nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Cut or shred green onion, abura-age (deep-fried bean curd), carrot and so on and cook them salty-sweet in another skillet with a soup stock, soy sauce, sugar and sake/mirin (sweet cooking rice wine).
Japanese: 別の鍋にねぎ、油揚げ、にんじんなどを適宜に切り、あるいは刻み、煮出汁、醤油、砂糖、酒またはみりんで、甘からに下煮をする。
English: Then, add the fried unohana and continuously stir it well over a heat.
Japanese: いためた卯の花をいれて、なお火にかけながら、よくかき混ぜて炒りあげる。
English: It would be more tasty if split clam, or shredded roasted goby, roasted or boiled small fishes are added.
Japanese: アサリのむき身か、焼きハゼ、または焼乾、煮乾の雑魚をみじんに刻んだのを加えるといっそう美味しい。
English: It would be delicious if salt cured products such as chum salmon, adult yellowtail and herring, in particular their head and ara (discarded portions of the fish) are used.
Japanese: -サケ、ブリ、ニシンなどの塩蔵品、とくに頭やアラを利用するのが美味い。
English: Pour plenty of water in a pan and add sliced salt fish from the first, then simmer it over medium heat.
Japanese: 鍋にたっぷりの水をいれ、塩魚を適宜に切って最初からいれ、中火にかけて気長に煮出す。
English: Slice daikon (Japanese radish) and carrot in the shape of half-moon or ginkgo biloba, tear konjac and shred abura-age, then add them into the pan, when it is cooked, cut green onion into 5 bu (about 1.5cm) length and add it together with unohana until it becomes thick.
Japanese: そこにダイコン、ニンジンを半月形またはイチョウ形に薄く切ったものと、コンニャクを適宜むしり込み、油揚げを刻んで加え、煮えたころ、ねぎの五分切りをいれ、卯の花をどろどろになるくらい加える。
English: Season unohana with soup stock, mirin and salt and add egg white, then stir-fry constantly until it is cooked and finally add a small amount of vinegar and let it cool.
Japanese: -卯の花を煮出汁、みりん、塩で調味し、鶏卵の白身を加え、たえずかきまぜながら炒りつけ、少量の酢を合わせてよく冷やす。
English: Aside from this, prepare sardine, horse mackerel and spotted shad as regular sushi item and sprinkle salt on them and soak them in vinegar until they are whitened, then drain off the vinegar.
Japanese: 別にイワシ、小あじ、コハダなどを普通のすしだねのようにつくり、塩をふりかけて酢につけ、肉が白くはぜるころ引き上げて酢をきる。
English: Make unohana into the shape of normal sushi and put the pickled fish and add chopped ginger and so on.
Japanese: 卯の花を普通の握り鮨のように握り、上に酢魚をつけ、刻みしょうがなどをそえる。
English: Slice desired fish such as sea bream, Japanese spanish mackerel, flatfish, Japanese seaperch, horse mackerel and mackerel into about the size of sashimi (slices of raw fish) pieces, soak them in enough vinegar to cover and add a bit of salt, when they are whitened, pull them out and season the left vinegar with sake/mirin and sugar.
Japanese: -タイ,サワラ,ヒラメ,スズキ,アジ,サバなど好みの魚を刺身ほどに切ってかぶるくらいの酢につけ,塩を少々くわえ,はぜて白くなったら引き上げ,残り酢を酒または味醂,砂糖などで調味する。
English: Dry-fry unohana to get rid of water and season it with salt and sugar, then remove it from the heat and let it cool, finally add seasoned vinegar and the fish.
Japanese: 卯の花はまずからいりして水分をのぞき、塩、砂糖で下味をつけ、火から下ろしてよく冷やしたところへ調味酢をあわせ、魚をその中にしのばせる。
English: Stir-fry unohana with desired seasoning such as soup stock, sake, sugar and salt and add vinegar, then put it on rice with chopped ginger.
Japanese: -卯の花を煮出汁、酒、砂糖、塩などで好みの味に炒り、酢をくわえてご飯のうえにのせ、刻み生姜をそえる。
English: It is said that if whole nation eats small amount of okara everyday, it will not become waste product, but most okara become waste product for the above reason now.
Japanese: 全国民が少量ずつ毎日食べれば廃棄物にならないとも言われるが、現状では上記の理由などから多くが廃棄物となってしまう。
English: Sizuoka Yuka Kougyou Co.,Ltd. starts manufacturing bioethanol made with okara in March, 2008.
Japanese: 静岡油化工業株式会社は、2008年3月からおからを原料にしたバイオエタノールの製造を開始する。
English: The reuse technology of okara which is disposed as industrial waste now for biofuel attracts attention in this social condition where oil prices are soaring.
Japanese: 現在産業廃棄物として処理されているおからのバイオ燃料への再利用技術は、原油価格が高騰している昨今の社会背景の中、注目される。
English: Leading tile and lavatory manufacturer, INAX has developed a reuse technology using an okara dryer called 'Okarat.'
Japanese: また、大手タイル・便所メーカーのINAXは、おから乾燥機「オカラット」を使用した再生技術を開発した。
English: It makes okara into long-life feeding stuffby drying it instantly.
Japanese: おからを瞬時に乾燥させることで、日持ちのする飼料として販売することができるようにした。
English: In addition, there are successful examplesof developing a basic skin care using an extract of okara and practical use of dried okara as sand for pet cat.
Japanese: 他にも、成分を取り出して基礎化粧品の開発に成功した例、乾燥おからを使った猫砂などの実用例もある。
English: It is said that when Sorai OGYU was young, he was so poor that he kept hunger away with okara which was given by a neighborhood tofu store.
Japanese: 荻生徂徠が若いころ、貧のあまりに近くの豆腐屋からおからを分けてもらい、飢えをしのいだといわれる。
English: In a story of rakugo (traditional comic storytelling) called 'Chihayaburu,' there is a scene where a prostitute Chihaya who went down and became a beggar asks Tatsutagawa who became a tofu seller for okara and is rejected.
Japanese: 落語の「千早振る」には、おちぶれて乞食となった遊女千早が豆腐屋になった竜田川におからを乞うて拒絶される場面が出てくる。
English: Also a story of rakugo called 'Shikaseidan' begins at the scene where a starving deer eats okara which was placed along the eaves by a tofu seller.
Japanese: 同じく落語「鹿政談」では、豆腐屋が軒先に出しておいたおからを飢えたシカが食べてしまうところから話がはじまる。
English: Together with 'Chihayaburu,' it shows the fact that okara was rubbishy.
Japanese: 「千早振る」とあわせて、おからがほとんど廃物同然だったことがわかる。
English: There is a theory that unaju (grilled eel over rice) originated from a delivery food which used jubako (tiered food boxes) filled with heated okara to put broiled eel on it and keep that warm.
Japanese: うな重の起源はウナギの蒲焼が冷めないよう、熱したおからを敷いた重箱に鰻を乗せて出前したことにはじまるという説がある。
English: Okara is used for polishing Noh stage and Shosa-ita (board for shosa (the steps and movements of Kabuki and Noh actors)) with a dry cloth to make them smooth and glossy.
Japanese: 能舞台や所作板はすべりをよくし、つやを出すためにおからで乾拭きをする。
English: In Chinese, a construction work which uses inferior cement and lacks strength is called 'tofuja konchon' meaning 'a construction work using okara.'
Japanese: 中国語では、粗悪なセメントを使った強度不足の工事を「おから工事」を意味する「豆腐渣工程」（トウフジャーコンチョン）と表現する。
English: In the by-election for town councilor held in Chizu-cho, Tottori Prefecture on June 20, 2004, a ballot saying 'okara' was casted and it was counted as invalid.
Japanese: 2004年6月20日に鳥取県智頭町で行われた町議会議員の補欠選挙で、「オカラ」と書かれた票が投じられ、無効票扱いとなった。
English: In response to this, a candidate who lost by one vote said, 'It was a misspelling of my family name (Okada)' and filed a claim to the local election administration commission.
Japanese: これに対して最下位当選者に1票差で落選した候補者が「自分の苗字（オカダ）の書き間違いだ」として同町の選挙管理委員会に異議を申し立てた。
English: The allegation was regarded as valid and the last elected person was deprived of its elected post, then this candidate said, 'The whole town knows the fact that I feed okara to cow and the ballot is casted for me' and filed a claim to the prefectural election administration commission.
Japanese: これが有効とされ最下位当選者の当選が無効となったため、今度はこの候補者が「自分がおからを牛に飼料として与えていることは町内では周知であり、この票は自分のことを指している」として県の選挙管理委員会に異議を申し立てた。
English: The prefectural election administration commission ruled that the ballot was casted for neither candidate and counted it as invalid.
Japanese: 県選管はいずれの候補に投じられた票ともせず、無効票とする裁定を下した。
English: In a period drama called "Master-Less Samurai (Suronin), Daikichi HANAYAMA" starring Jushiro KONOE, okara appears as a favorite food of the main character, Daikichi HANAYAMA played by Konoe.
Japanese: 近衛十四郎主演の時代劇『素浪人花山大吉』にて、近衛演じる主人公、花山大吉の大好物としておからが登場する。
English: In this drama, Daikichi HANAYAMA unwholesomelyeats okara as appetizer and once he ate up okara for 68 people.
Japanese: 作中で花山大吉はおからを酒の肴として病的なほどに食しており、68人前のおからを平らげたこともあった。
English: Jujutsu is the name for traditional Japanese martial arts, which are centered on offense and defense techniques with no (or a small) weapon.
Japanese: 柔術（じゅうじゅつ）は、日本古来の徒手あるいは短い武器による攻防の技法を中心とした武術である。
English: Compared with other countries' martial arts, it is quite characteristic of jujutsu to have many ryugi (schools) which emphasize both capturing the opponent without killing (or injuring) him or her and defense (the art of self-defense).
Japanese: 相手を殺傷せずに捕らえたり、身を護ること（護身術）を重視する流儀の多いことは、他国の武術と比較して大きな特徴である。
English: There exist many other names of jujutsu and many other martial arts similar to jujutsu, such as "yawara" (the literal meaning is softness, or harmony) or "yawara-jutsu" (literally, the art of harmony), "judo" (the traditional Japanese martial art mainly used for self-defense), "tai-jutsu" (unarmed combat techniques), "hakuda" (a jujutsu-like system that was either of Chinese origin or influenced by Chinese martial arts), "kassatsu-jutsu" (the art of life and death), "hishigi" (joint locking techniques), "gyakute-jutsu" (wrist locking techniques), "koshi no mawari" (sword grappling), "kogusoku-jutsu" (techniques of short sword grappling), "kumiuchi" (grappling) or "kumiuchi-jutsu" (grappling techniques), "yoroi kumiuchi-jutsu" (grappling techniques in armor), "mushadori" (arm constriction), "shusha-jutsu" (techniques of joint-lock throw), "torite-jutsu" (catching hand techniques) or "torite" (catching hand), "hobaku" (binding techniques), "shubaku" (the name of modern martial arts in China), "ken" (fist) or "kenpo" (the bare-hands martial art of Chinese origin, mainly occupied by body-striking techniques).
Japanese: 柔・和・和術（やわら）・柔道・体術・胎術（たいじゅつ）・白打・活殺術・挫術・逆手術・腰廻・小具足術・組討・組打・組討術・組打術（くみうち）・鎧組討術・鎧組打術・武者取・取捨術・捕手術・取手・捕縛・手拍・手縛・拳・拳法など、その異称や類似の武術は数多い。
English: Having various schools and techniques, jujutsu is difficult to be defined uniformly, but, for example, Jigoro KANO, who was the founder of "Kodokan judo" (the judo form of Kodokan Judo Institute), defined it as the offense and defense techniques using no (or a small) weapon against an armed or unarmed opponent.
Japanese: 柔術の定義については、流派が数多くあり、技法の内容も多種多様であるため、一概には言えないが、例えば講道館の創始者嘉納治五郎は、「無手或は短き武器をもって、無手或は武器を持って居る敵を攻撃し、または防御するの術」である、と柔術を定義した。
English: Judo (the traditional Japanese martial art mainly used for self-defense) and aikido (the traditional Japanese martial art exclusively used for self-defense) both originated from jujutsu, but as times went by and these arts became famous, people's recognition of the origin began to fade away partly because they do not have 'jujutsu' in their names, and they developed as the independent martial art.
Japanese: 柔道や合気道は、時代が進んでその名が広まるにつれ、これらの名称に「柔術」の語が含まれていない事から、これらが柔術のひとつであるという認識は希薄になり、また、武道としての発展の道へ進んだ。
English: Therefore, 'jujutsu' has come to mean, in many cases, "koryu jujutsu" (the old-style jujutsu) handed down from before the Edo period.
Japanese: よって、「柔術」というと江戸時代以前から伝わる伝統的な柔術を指す場合が多くなった。
English: And nowadays, when we simply say 'jujutsu,' it often indicates not the Japanese one, but Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, partly because Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu often appears on the media.
Japanese: また、最近ではメディア(媒体)への露出の機会が多いことなどから、単に「柔術」というとこの日本の柔術ではなく、ブラジリアン柔術（Jiu-jitsu）を指す場合も多い。
English: So many people equate jujutsu with Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, and regard its main technique as "newaza" (ground grappling techniques) for the nature of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.
Japanese: また、このブラジリアン柔術の特徴により、柔術＝ブラジリアン柔術＝寝技という認識になっていることも多い。
English: Besides, Ju-Jitsu in foreign countries often indicates that of Ju-Jitsu International Federation (JJIF), or that of International Jujitsu Federation (IJJF), and both of them are also called European Ju-Jitsu.
Japanese: その他、国際的に柔術（Ju-jitsu）というと、ヨーロッパ柔術とも呼ばれるJJIF柔術（Ju-jitsu）・IJJF柔術（Jujitsu）を指す場合も多い。
English: There already existed some martial arts, such as "kumiuchi" (grappling) used for a battle, and "torite" (catching hand) used for capturing a person.
Japanese: 合戦のための武芸である組討や、人を捕らえるための捕手などと呼ばれた武技がすでに行われていた。
English: The techniques of kumiuchi at a battleground: While making some space, fighters fought against the opponents with an arrow, a harquebus, a spear, or a sword, and then they used these techniques in a physical combat; by that means, they also cut off the head of the opponents' leader.
Japanese: 戦場における組討の技術（弓・鉄砲、槍、刀剣の間合いに続く格闘における技術。敵将の首を取ることも行われた。)
English: After the Sengoku period (the Warring States period), the above-mentioned techniques developed, and they began to be influenced by the philosophy of "Zen" (a sect of Buddhism, which emphasizes focusing one's mind), and by the Chinese philosophy and medical science.
Japanese: 戦国時代が終わってこれらの技術が発展し、禅の思想や中国の思想や医学などの影響も受けるようになる。
English: From the Edo period, some ryuha (schools) of the martial arts began to call their own techniques jujutsu, judo, or yawara, partly because they wanted to say their techniques were not just forcible ones; the schools were, for example, Sekiguchi Shin Shin-ryu, Yoshin-ryu, and Kito-ryu (also called Ryoishinto-ryu).
Japanese: 江戸時代以降には自らの技術は単なる力技ではないという意味などを込めて、柔術、柔道、和、やわらと称する流派が現れ始める（関口新心流、楊心流、起倒流(良移心当流）など）。
English: As the knight-errantry became popular, exchanges and matches between schools became active, and techniques for "randori" (freestyle practice) done with bare hands began to be devised.
Japanese: 武者修行の流行とともに全国的に各流派の交流、試合が盛んになり、素手の乱捕用の技が作られ始めた。
English: At present, what kind of rules the techniques had in those days is unclear, but "atemi-waza" (body-striking techniques) seems to have been used only in a game played in earnest.
Japanese: 現在ではどのようなルールで行われていたか不明であるが、真剣勝負の場合以外は当身技は除かれたようである。
English: And randori was regarded as a substitute and a training for kumiuchi.
Japanese: また、乱捕は組討に相当するもの、組討の鍛錬になるものとも見做された。
English: After many jujutsu teachers lost their positions of an instructor at a clan in the early Meiji period, jujutsu is said to have got rare to be taught, but in fact, jujutsu became popular in local villages and other places nationwide, and it was loved like a kind of entertainment.
Japanese: 明治初期に多くの柔術師範が藩指南役等の立場を失ったため、柔術は指導されなくなったように言われているが、実際には全国的に地方の村落などで逆に柔術が流行し、娯楽の一種のように受け入れられ大変広まった。
English: In local areas where jujutsu was especially popular, several practice halls existed in a single village and most young people there became the pupils, various historical records say.
Japanese: 特に柔術が盛んだった地方では、一つの村落に幾つもの道場が存在し、集落の若者の大部分が入門していたことが様々な記録に残っている。
English: It is generally said that judo, which was freshly born in the Meiji period, confronted, defeated and drove off the old jujutsu, but this is a little inaccurate.
Japanese: 一般的に、明治時代に全く新しい柔道が現れて、古い柔術と対決して柔術側を打ち負かし、柔術が衰退していったと言う形で語られるが、これはやや不正確である。
English: Kodokan judo spread nationwide firstly because it was formally adopted by the Tokyo Police Department for the victory in the match to decide the school to be adopted, and secondly because it made inroads into the school education.
Japanese: 警視庁での採用を決定するための試合に講道館が勝利して警視庁に採用されたことと、学校教育への進出により、講道館柔道が全国的に広まったのである。
English: In the early days of Kodokan judo, there were many people who came from jujutsu, including those of Tenjin Shinyo-ryu, and people in jujutsu simply regarded Kodokan judo as a new branch of jujutsu; many people in jujutsu were invited on the opening date of Kodokan Judo Institute.
Japanese: 草創期の講道館の人間は天神真楊流などの柔術出身者が多く、柔術側からも講道館柔道は新しい柔術の一流派くらいに考えられていた（講道館の道場開きに多くの柔術関係者が招かれている）。
English: In the later Meiji period, as Kodokan judo spread nationwide, jujutsu practice halls which held their matches in the rules of Kodokan judo also increased.
Japanese: 明治後期になり、講道館柔道が全国に広まるにつれ、試合を講道館のルールで行う柔術道場が増えた。
English: It would be appropriate to say jujutsu evolved into judo rather than to say jujutsu disappeared after being defeated by judo.
Japanese: 柔術が対決で負けて消滅したというより、柔術が柔道化していったのである。
English: Actually, some aged judoists who experienced jujutsu in the past are still alive today, and there also exist some practice halls of judo whose origin was those of jujutsu.
Japanese: 実際、高齢の柔道家で柔術の経験者の人間は未だ存在し、現在は柔道道場であるが、遡ると柔術の道場であった所も存在する。
English: And occasionally, people on the side of Kodokan judo learned newaza (ground grappling techniques), because Kodokan judo was defeated by Fusen-ryu jujutsu (Fusen school of jujutsu) and others several times with newaza.
Japanese: 逆に、講道館は寝技で不遷流柔術などに何度も負けたため寝技を研究することとなったこともある。
English: Daito-ryu Aiki jujutsu, which was a jujutsu school established by Sokaku TAKEDA, appeared and became famous in the later Meiji period.
Japanese: 明治後期に登場し当時有名となった柔術流派として武田惣角の大東流合気柔術がある。
English: This school had a group of techniques that Kodokan judo did not, and Sokaku's outstanding skills were favored by many martial artists, so this school produced some branch schools afterward.
Japanese: 講道館柔道には無い技法群を持っていることや武田惣角の卓越した技量が数々の武道家たちに支持され、後にいくつかの分派を生んでもいる。
English: Generally, koryu jujutsu is thought to have gone into decline immediately after judo became popular in the Meiji period, but as mentioned above, the decline of koryu jujutsu was not so drastic.
Japanese: 一般的に、柔術（古流柔術）は、明治時代に柔道が普及してすぐに衰退したように思われているが、明治時代の項で書かれているように急激なものではなかった。
English: Actually, jujutsu was actively practiced in local areas until the time of World War Ⅱ, and around the Taisho period, many schools were still prosperous having their own pupils.
Japanese: 実際は地方では戦前まで盛んに行われており、大正前後にはまだ多くの流派で多数の門人を抱え発展していた。
English: Koryu jujutsu went further into decline firstly because the practice was halted owing to World War Ⅱ and Japan's defeat in the war, and secondly because many jujutsu successors were killed in the war.
Japanese: 古流柔術が更に衰退した原因として、その後の第二次大戦と敗戦の影響により稽古が行われなくなったり、また多くの継承者が戦争で亡くなったことがあげられる。
English: Few people take notice of koryu jujutsu, because various other sports' competitions become popular, including the modern martial arts, such as judo and karate (the traditional Japanese martial art mainly used for self-defense, whose basic techniques are "uchi" [arm strikes], "tsuki" [thrusts] and "keri" [kicks]).
Japanese: 柔道や空手道等の現代武道だけでなく、各種スポーツ競技の普及により古流柔術は省みられなくなった。
English: And some successors stop teaching the koryu jujutsu, saying the world does not need its dangerous techniques any more.
Japanese: また継承者が「危険な古流の技術はもう必要ない世の中になった」とし指導を辞める例もある。
English: In this way, koryu jujutsu becomes dinosaurs on the whole, but some schools gradually come back.
Japanese: かくして古流柔術はまた更に衰退しているが、一方で徐々に復興していく流派もある。
English: So many schools of jujutsu were introduced there, such as Shinto Rokugo-ryu, Fusen-ryu, Sekiguchi-ryu, Tsutsumi Hozan-ryu, and Shinto Yoshin-ryu.
Japanese: 神道六合流、不遷流、関口流、堤宝山流、神道揚心流など多くの流派が海外へ伝わった。
English: At present, those foreign countries have many jujutsu schools of their own, such as Danzan-ryu and Kajukenbo in Hawaii, based on the original one.
Japanese: 現在、伝わった柔術流派を元にして海外で独自の柔術流派が開かれている例が多い（ハワイの檀山流、カジュケンボなど）。
English: And there also exist many jujutsu schools that are handed down in foreign countries with their original names unchanged, such as Ryoi Shinto-ryu, Sekiguchi Shin Shin-ryu, Tsutsumi Hozan-ryu, Takeuchi-ryu, Takeuchi Oie-ryu, Takeuchi Hangan-ryu, Shinto Yoshin-ryu and Sosuishi-ryu.
Japanese: また現在そのままの名称で伝わっている例も多くあり、良移心頭流、関口新心流、堤宝山流、竹内流、竹内御家流、竹内判官流、神道揚心流、双水執流などの流派が諸外国で伝承されている。
English: And even the schools that seem to end their lives in Japan today are found alive in foreign countries.
Japanese: また現在日本で失伝したと思われる流派が、外国で存続している例も確認されている。
English: And, as Kodokan judo was transformed into Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in Brazil, so Kodokan judo, Aikido and the like are occasionally transformed into a new jujutsu school in foreign countries.
Japanese: また講道館柔道がブラジルへ伝わり、ブラジリアン柔術となったように、海外では講道館柔道や合気道等から新しい柔術流派が生まれることもある。
English: Originally, judo aimed to be the martial art covering the techniques from throwing, grappling, body-striking, to weapon-handling; some call this the pre-modern judo to distinguish it from the modern judo.
Japanese: 投げ、固めの技法から、当身技や武器術も含む技法を網羅した武道を目指したものが柔道であった(前期柔道として現代柔道と区別する者もいる)。
English: However, the style of randori (freestyle practice) was incorporated into the competition of judo, and judo became specialized in randori of throwing and ground grappling techniques (in a physical contact), while body-striking and counter-weapon techniques were used only in kata geiko (practice of "kata" [pre-arranged forms of offense and defense]).
Japanese: しかし乱取が競技化したことにより(組み付いた状態での)投げ技と寝技の乱取稽古に特化し、当身技や対武器の技術は形稽古のみで行われた。
English: In July 1906, at the headquarters of Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society in Kyoto, kata of jujutsu was established in a week by 'the committee of Greater Japan Virtue Society for establishing kata of jujutsu' which consisted of 20 masters from 10 jujutsu schools, that is, the chairman Jigoro KANO from Kodokan judo, the committee member Hideyoshi TOTSUKA from Yoshin Ko-ryu (Yoshin Ko school of jujutsu), the committee member Kumon HOSHINO from Shiten-ryu (Shiten school of jujutsu), and other 17 assistant committee members, including Kihei AOYAGI (the 14th head of Sosuishi-ryu kumiuchi koshi no mawari [Sosuishi school of grappling with swords]) and Mataemon TANABE (the fourth head of Fusen-ryu jujutsu).
Japanese: 明治39年（1906年）7月京都大日本武徳会本部にて、講道館の嘉納治五郎委員長と揚心古流の戸塚英美委員、四天流の星野九門委員、他17名の委員補（双水執流組討腰之廻第十四代青柳喜平、不遷流柔術四代田邊又右衞門など）柔術10流・師範20名で構成される「日本武徳会柔術形制定委員会」により1週間で制定された。
English: In 1908, the kata was publicized by Benrido Bookstore in the book titled "The Jujutsu Kata Established by Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society."
Japanese: その内容は1908年に便利堂書店から『大日本武德會制定柔術形』として出版される。
English: All jujutsu-related schools' kata, including Kodokan judo's, was integrated; the integration process was carried on the July 2006 issue of the monthly magazine 'The Martial Arts.'
Japanese: 講道館柔道を含む全柔術流派を統合する形であった（月刊「武道」2006年7月号に経緯が掲載される）。
English: Aikido was established by Morihei UESHIBA, who mastered Daito-ryu Aiki jujutsu (Daito school of the self-defense martial art), and other jujutsu schools such as Kito-ryu, Yagyu Shingan-ryu, Shinkage-ryu.
Japanese: 合気道は大東流合気柔術・起倒流・柳生心眼流・新陰流などを修めた植芝盛平が始祖である。
English: His martial art called 'Takemusu Aiki (Ueshiba school),' whose core techniques originated from Daito-ryu Aiki-jujutsu, spread to the public - though Ueshiba himself is said to have been unwilling to spread it - and evolved into the modern martial art called aikido.
Japanese: 彼の、大東流合気柔術を骨子に創始した武術「武産合気(植芝流)」が一般に広く普及（植芝は普及には否定的だったともいわれるが）した現代武道である。
English: Different from judo, aikido is the martial art that centers on the techniques of counter-weapon, arm joint locking, and throwing.
Japanese: 柔道とは異なり、対武器の技法と腕に対する関節技や投げを中心とした武道である。
English: In addition, Kenji TOMIKI added a factor of Kito-ryu jujutsu to aikido, and devised the unique aikido in which randori was introduced; he was the founder of the Japan Aikido Association.
Japanese: さらに、富木謙治が合気道に起倒流の要素を加え、乱取りを導入した独自の合気道（日本合気道協会とも呼ばれる）を編み出した。
English: Hironori OTSUKA, the founder of Wado-ryu karate, also founded Wado-ryu jujutsu kenpo, based on Shinto Yoshin-ryu (Shinto Yoshin school of jujutsu) and Iga-ryu (Iga school of jujutsu) which he studied; however, Wado-ryu jujutsu kenpo joined Japanese Classical Martial Arts Association as a school of jujutsu, so it is classified not as the modern martial art, but as the classical one.
Japanese: 流祖大塚博紀（和道流空手道開祖）は、自身が学んだ神道揚心流と為我流をもとに和道流柔術拳法を編み出した（ただし、和道流柔術拳法は日本古武道協会に柔術流派として加盟していることから、現代武道ではなく古武道である）。
English: Yasuhiro KONISHI, who learned the swordplay and various martial arts (such as karate, some schools of jujutsu, and aikido), established Shinto Jinen-ryu as his own karate school.
Japanese: 空手と諸流の柔術や合気道、剣術等を学んだ小西康裕が創始した空手流派として神道自然流がある。
English: Though not directly related to jujutsu, Nippon Kempo was established for the training of body-striking techniques, which went out of use in judo.
Japanese: 直接柔術と関連がないが、柔道で廃れていった当身技の稽古のために生まれたのが日本拳法である。
English: Referring to judo, karate and boxing, Muneumi SAWAYAMA devised his Nippon Kempo as the martial art that specialized in body-striking techniques and shifting techniques from body-striking to throwing.
Japanese: 澤山宗海は柔道をもとに（空手道やボクシングも参考にした）、当身と当身から投げ技への変化の技法を専門化した武道として編み出した。
English: In some countries where close quarters combat (CQC) has been stressed on recently, the techniques of jujutsu are introduced into their own military combat sports, such as Sambo.
Japanese: 近年のCQCを重視する各国の軍用格闘技に柔術の技が採り入れられていることもある(サンボ等)。
English: However, jujutsu has its drawbacks that much time is needed to master and that many techniques impractical today are included, which are shared with other traditional Japanese martial arts.
Japanese: ただし、これは柔術に限らず伝統武術に共通する欠点であるが、習熟に時間がかかる割りに現代では非実戦的な技も多い。
English: Therefore, those countries adopt not the traditional school as a whole, but some of its techniques partially, and they modernize the jujutsu techniques by themselves.
Japanese: この点により、伝統流派自体の採用ではなく、一部の技の採用や、各国で独自に近代化した柔術技法などが採用されている。
English: Jujutsu as the martial art does not include the modern judo, aikido, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and the like, so it is sometimes called 'koryu jujutsu' (the old-style jujutsu, mentioned below) to make a clear distinction between itself and these martial arts.
Japanese: 武術としての柔術には、現代柔道、合気道、ブラジリアン柔術等は含まれないが、より明確に分けるために「古流柔術」と呼ぶ事もある（下に記す）。