nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: However, a conference was not held, when the entire OKADA Cabinet resigned because of the February 26th Incident, and had remained so until the inauguration of the ABE Cabinet.
Japanese: しかし、二・二六事件による岡田内閣総辞職の際には重臣会議は開催されず、阿部内閣成立時までその形式が続いている。
English: At the inauguration of the YONAI Cabinet, a naidaijin (minister of the center) had collected the opinions of some senior statesmen, and after the resignation of the entire YONAI Cabinet, the senior statesmen's conferences resumed.
Japanese: 米内内閣成立の際は内大臣が一部の重臣から意見を聴取しており、米内内閣総辞職の後に再び重臣会議が開かれるようになった。
English: In November 1940, after the death of SAIONJI, the form of the conferences was transformed in such a way that a naidaijin convened a meeting and inquired senior statesmen about the selection of a succeeding Prime Minister.
Japanese: 1940年11月の西園寺の死後は内大臣が重臣会議を招集して、重臣達に対して後継総理大臣の選定などを諮問する形式へと変更されることになった。
English: On August 15th of the same year, at the time of the entire SUZUKI Cabinet resignation, a senior statesmen's conference was not held because it was considered an emergency, and it is assumed the occupation by the General Headquarters of the Allied Powers (GHQ) ceased the authority of senior statesmen's conferences.
Japanese: 同年8月15日の鈴木内閣総辞職時には緊急時のこととて重臣会議は招集されず、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の進駐によって重臣会議の権限は消滅したとされる。
English: In July 1934, Makoto SAITO, Keigo KIYOURA, Reijiro WAKATSUKI, Korekiyo TAKAHASHI, Kitokuro ICHIKI (Chairman of the Privy Council), Nobuaki MAKINO (naidaijin), and Kinmochi SAIONJI (genro)
Japanese: 1934年7月　斎藤実・清浦奎吾・若槻礼次郎・高橋是清・一木喜徳郎（枢密院議長・以下枢相）・牧野伸顕（内大臣府）・西園寺公望（元老）
English: In July 1940, WAKATSUKI, OKADA, Koki HIROTA, Senjuro HAYASHI, Kiichiro HIRANUMA, Fumimaro KONOE, Yoshimichi HARA (Chairman of the Privy Council), and Koichi KIDO (naidaijin)
Japanese: 1940年7月　若槻・岡田・広田弘毅・林銑十郎・平沼騏一郎・近衛文麿・原嘉道（枢相）・木戸幸一（内大臣）
English: In July 1941, WAKATSUKI, OKADA, HIROTA, Nobuyuki ABE, Mitsumasa YONAI, HARA (Chairman of the Privy Council), and KIDO (naidaijin)
Japanese: 1941年7月　若槻・岡田・広田・阿部信行・米内光政・原（枢相）・木戸（内大臣）
English: In October 1941, KIYOURA, WAKATSUKI, OKADA, HIROTA, HAYASHI, ABE, YONAI, HARA (Chairman of the Privy Council), and KIDO (naidaijin)
Japanese: 1941年10月　清浦・若槻・岡田・広田・林・阿部・米内・原（枢相）・木戸（内大臣）
English: In July 1944, WAKATSUKI, OKADA, HIROTA, KONOE, ABE, YONAI, HARA (Chairman of the Privy Council), KIDO (naidaijin), and Saburo HYAKUTAKE (Grand Chamberlain)
Japanese: 1944年7月　若槻・岡田・広田・近衛・阿部・米内・原（枢相）・木戸（内大臣）・百武三郎（侍従長）
English: In April 1945, WAKATSUKI, OKADA, HIROTA, KONOE, HIRANUMA, TOJO, Kantaro SUZUKI(Chairman of the Privy Council), and KIDO (naidaijin)
Japanese: 1945年4月　若槻・岡田・広田・近衛・平沼・東條・鈴木貫太郎（枢相）・木戸（内大臣）
English: When the senior statesmen system was first introduced, a senior statesman was defined as 'persons who had been granted the privileges of his former post as Prime Minister as well as the Chairman of the Privy Council'; however, in1940 the definition was revised to simply 'former Prime Ministers and the Chairman of the Privy Council.'
Japanese: 制度導入当初は、重臣とは「内閣総理大臣の前官礼遇を賜りたる者及び枢密院議長」であったが、1940年に単純に「首相経験者及び枢密院議長」に改正された。
English: A Prime Minister was required to hold his post for a certain period of time to be granted the privileges later, and it is assumed that the definition was revised in consideration of the army because the two Prime Ministers, Senjuro HAYASHI and Nobuyuki ABE from the army, had not satisfied the condition (The system that existed in those days in which a person who had for a certain period of time occupied an important post such as a Prime Minister or a Minister of State was granted the same privileges as an incumbent was called "zenkan reigu".).
Japanese: 前官礼遇を受けるには一定期間の在任が必要で、陸軍出身の首相である林銑十郎と阿部信行がその条件を満たしていなかったために、陸軍への配慮から改正されたという（前官礼遇とは首相・国務大臣等の要職を一定期間経験したものに対して現職者に準じる礼遇を賜る当時の制度である）。
English: In addition to the official senior statesmen's conferences, the members were often engaged in political activity as a senior statesmen's group.
Japanese: 重臣会議のメンバーは公式な重臣会議以外にも重臣グループとして政治的活動をすることが多かった。
English: It was one of such opportunities when Fumimaro KONOE reported to the Emperor his famous 'KONOE Joso-bun' (KONOE 's address to the throne).
Japanese: 近衛文麿が有名な「近衛上奏文」を奏上したのはそのような折のことである。
English: In the cases of Mitsumasa YONAI and Hideki TOJO, it was pointless for them to attend a conference when their own policy lines had been rejected and therefore they were resigning, but at the time of the entire third KONOE Cabinet resignation, when Fumimaro KONOE did not attend a conference because of illness, he drew a lot of criticism that said, 'Is he in a worse condition than 91-year-old Keigo KIYOURA?'
Japanese: 米内光政と東條英機は、自らの路線を否定されて辞めるので出席しても仕方がないというケースであるが、第3次近衛内閣総辞職時の近衛文麿は病欠で「91歳の清浦奎吾より悪いのか」と批判された。
English: The silver standard is a system in which silver forms the basis of a monetary system of a country.
Japanese: 銀本位制（ぎんほんいせい、silverstandard<英>）とは、一国の貨幣制度の根幹を成す基準を銀と定めた。
English: The base currency, or the standard currency, is silver coins, allowed free coinage and free fusing and given power to circulate unlimitedly.
Japanese: その基礎となる貨幣、すなわち本位貨幣を銀貨とし、これに自由鋳造、自由融解を認め、無制限通用力を与えた制度である。
English: In this case, the currency of the country is represented as a certain amount of silver, and silver value is set as default for commodity price.
Japanese: この場合、その国の通貨は一定量の銀の量を持って表すことができ、商品の価格も銀の価値を標準として表示される。
English: In fact, there are not many examples of a genuine silver standard for which silver is the only legal standard currency in history.
Japanese: 実際には、銀のみを法的に本位貨幣とする純粋な銀本位制の例は、歴史上あまり多くない。
English: In the Edo period, there was Sanka seido (Tokugawa coinage) in which Koban (oval gold coins), Chogin (silver coins), and Senka (small coins) were unlimitedly passable as standard coins in effect.
Japanese: 日本の江戸時代においては、金貨（小判）、銀貨（丁銀）、そして小額貨幣として銭貨がそれぞれ事実上の本位貨幣として無制限通用を認められるという、いわゆる三貨制度が存在していた。
English: In fact, however, gold coins circulated in eastern Japan, while silver coins circulated in western Japan.
Japanese: しかし、実態は東日本で主に金貨、西日本で主に銀貨が流通するというものであった。
English: In this way, the system in which both silver and gold coins were set as standard currency is called bimetallism.
Japanese: このように、銀貨と金貨を共に本位貨幣とする制度を金銀複本位制という。
English: According to some reasons such as securing gold and silver metal, however, the bimetallism became a mere formality that only silver coins circulated.
Japanese: しかし、金銀地金の確保などの事情により、この金銀複本位制が形骸化して銀貨のみが流通した。
English: As an example, in the nineteenth century, many of European countries adopted the bimetallism, but there was wide gap of legal exchange ratio between gold and silver because silver production increased and its market value declined.
Japanese: 一例として19世紀、ヨーロッパ諸国の多くも金銀複本位制を採っていたが、銀産出高の増加などにより銀の市場価格が下落、金貨との法定金銀比価との間に開きができた。
English: In such cases, the system gradually eroded and changed to the silver standard, because it was advantageous to circulate silver coins and hoard gold coins (Gresham's law).
Japanese: この場合、銀貨を流通させて金貨を退蔵した方が有利な為（グレシャムの法則）、なし崩し的に事実上の銀本位制となった。
English: Since fluctuation of market value of silver during this period was significant and tended to decline remarkably and the United Kingdom, which led the world economy around that time, already shifted to the gold standard, countries which adopted silver standard were seriously affected, so most of the countries shifted to the gold standard in the end of the nineteenth century.
Japanese: この時期の銀の市場価格の変動は大きくまた下落傾向が顕著であった為、そして、その当時世界経済の主導的地位を占めていたイギリスが既に金本位制に転じていた為、銀本位制諸国は深刻な影響をうけ、19世紀の終りにはほとんどの国が金本位制に転じた。
English: In Japan, New Currency Regulation was established in June, 1871, and the gold standard was adopted formally.
Japanese: 日本においては1871年6月に「新貨条例」を制定し、形式上は金本位制が採用された。
English: In the East market during that time, however, foreign payment was generally done by silver coins; therefore, 1 yen silver coin (weighed value: 416 grain) and silver coins of weighed value of 420 grain equivalent to German silver were issued for trade, and used as means of foreign payment for trade.
Japanese: しかし、当時は東洋市場においては銀貨による対外支払いが一般的であった為、1円銀貨（量目は416グレーン）ならびに、当時の洋銀に相当する420グレインの量目の貿易銀を発行し、貿易などの対外支払用貨幣として使用した。
English: In 1878, 1 yen silver coins were approved for circulation in Japan, so that the system became bimetallism virtually.
Japanese: 1878年には1円銀貨の国内一般通用が認められ、事実上の金銀複本位制となった。
English: However, gold coins were scarcely circulated, because they outflowed and the government issued huge sum of irredeemable currency.
Japanese: しかし、金貨の流出と政府不換紙幣の大量発行によって、金貨はほとんど流通しなくなった。
English: In 1885 after the Matsukata deflation, conversion of silver by first Bank of Japan notes (100 yen, 10 yean and 1 yen of silver conversion notes with a picture of Daikoku [the god of wealth]) was started.
Japanese: さらに松方デフレ後の1885年には、初の日本銀行券（大黒図案の100円、10円、1円の兌換銀券）による銀兌換が開始された。
English: The silver standard continued in effect until gold standard was formally adopted in 1897.
Japanese: 1897年に正式に金本位制を採用するまで、事実上の銀本位制が継続した。
English: However, confusion of financial market because of the Great Depression led outflow of silver coins, so the silver standard was abandoned (the abandonment of the old "tael" and its replacement with the "yuan"; adoption of legal currency based on controlled currency system) in 1935.
Japanese: しかし、世界恐慌による金融市場の混乱による銀錠の流出を受けて1935年に銀本位制を放棄（銀元廃両改元）（管理通貨制度に基づく法幣導入）をした。
English: The Shoya (village headman) and the Nanushi (village headman) are one of village officers ("murakata-sanyaku" in Japanese; the three officers of a village), or one of the machiyakunin (municipal officials) in Edo period.
Japanese: 庄屋（しょうや）・名主（なぬし）は、江戸時代の村役人（村方三役）のひとつ、あるいは町役人のひとつである。
English: Each Shoya and Nanushi of a town was one of the machi-yakunin (municipal officials) and the official representative person of the town.
Japanese: 町の名主・庄屋は、町役人（ちょうやくにん）のひとつで、町（ちょう）の代表者である。
English: It is also called a Cho-Nanushi (a town headman), Cho-Shoya (a town headman), and Shihai-Nanushi (a town headman).
Japanese: 町名主（ちょうなぬし）・町庄屋（ちょうしょうや）・支配名主（しはいなぬし）ともいう。
English: Under the Murauke (also called "Murauke-sei"; a subcontracting system for a village in the Edo period), a village Shoya or Nanushi engaged in the administration of subcontract works, mainly for taxations such as nengu (land tax) and miscellaneous taxes, and other administrative business.
Japanese: 村請村落の下で年貢諸役や行政的な業務を村請する下請けなどを中心に下請けした。
English: Also, they subcontracted various business concerning the control over the village's residents: Horei junshu (compliance with laws and ordinances), Joikatatsu (conveying the will of the governing to the governed), Ninbetsu shihai (census-taking control), and land management.
Japanese: また、村民の法令遵守・上意下達・人別支配・土地の管理などの支配に関わる諸業務を下請けした。
English: However, on the other hand, as a representative of a village a Shoya or Nanushi represented his interest for the benefit of the village residents; such as, acting as a leader of a protest movement toward a reduction and/or exemption from a nengu (land tax).
Japanese: しかし、一方で、村落の代表者として、年貢の減免運動の先頭に立つなど、村民の利害を代表して行動した。
English: In practice, such functions of the Shoya or Nanushi as the smallest unit of a controlling organization and as the representation for the village residents were contradictive.
Japanese: このような支配の末端としての機能と村民の代表者としての機能は相反するものでである。
English: In the late modern times, when the power of the feudal lords waned, a lord of the shogunate system tried to deny the Soudaikinou (a function of village residents' representative) function of a Shoya and Nanushi.
Japanese: 近世後期に至り領主権力が弱体化すると、幕藩領主は庄屋・名主の惣代機能を否定しようと試みた。
English: Howevr, through out the early-modern times, lords of the shogunate system could not wipe out the 'Soudaikinou' function of a Shoya and Nanushi.
Japanese: しかし、近世を通じて、庄屋・名主の惣代機能を払拭することはできなかった。
English: There were three selection procedures for the position: (1) the Heredity Nanushi system would require the legacy in a member of the same family having successively assumed an office in a Nanushi or Shoya position; (2) the Nenban Nanushi system required a yearly family rotation; (3) the final procedural type was a hybrid of the former two (This type was not heredity, but certain persons served in the position for several years).
Japanese: (1)代々同じ家が就任する世襲名主制、(2)一年ごとに交代する年番名主制、(3)その中間型（世襲ではないがある者が複数年勤める形）の3つがあった。
English: Additionally, there were cases that residents of a village executed an election called 'Irefuda' (vote) to select a Nanushi or Shoya.
Japanese: また、庄屋・名主の選出には、村民による「入札」（いれふだ）と呼ばれる選挙が実施される場合もあった。
English: The desired forms in the selection procedures were entirely dependent upon the various regions and diversification by each villages even in the same regions.
Japanese: そのあり方は、地域差があるばかりではなく、同じ地域内でも村ごとに多様である。
English: There were three types of compensation for serving in these positions: (1) Payments by a feudal load: (2) Payments through village finance, called 'Muraninyo': (3) Payments in designated land, named 'Kyuden.'
Japanese: 役職を勤めることによって得られる役給は、(1)領主から支給される場合、(2)「村入用」と呼ばれる村の財政から支給される場合、(3)「給田」などと決められた土地が支給される場合の3つがあった。
English: These desired forms of compensational practice were dependent on the various regions and diversification by each village even in the same regions.
Japanese: そのあり方は、地域差があるばかりではなく、同じ地域内でも村ごとに多様である。
English: Differing from the Nanushi or Shoya, there were some cases that the position called Oshoya (a big village headman) was established to control several villages or more.
Japanese: また、庄屋・名主と異なり、数か村から10数か村の範囲を管轄する大庄屋という役職が置かれた場合もある。
English: Besides 'O-joya,' this position's name varied by region under the names of: "Onanushi," "Warimoto (a village official)," "Kimoiri (a sponsor, middleman, and also a village official)," "To-mura (a manger or an official to control villages, ten villages or more as a group)", and "Gougashira."
Japanese: なお地域によって呼称は多様であり、大名主・割元・大肝煎・十村・郷頭などとも呼ばれた。
English: Edo town was originally composed of only homeowners, that is townspeople, and Nanushi was a representative of a town.
Japanese: 江戸の町の本来の構成員は家持＝町人であり、名主はその町の代表者であった。
English: However, most people of the homeowner class were absent from the town at an early stage and finally Nanushi of a town had disappeared at the end of the seventeenth century in Edo.
Japanese: しかし、江戸では家持層が早くから不在となる場合が多く、17世紀末には町の名主は姿を消してしまう。
English: Then, Gachi-gyoji who was a representative of Yamori came to be a representative of a town.
Japanese: 家守（やもり）の代表である月行事（がちぎょうじ）が町を代表するようになる。
English: A typical Shoya house was larger than that of the general farmers, many residences of Shoya and Ojoya, which remained today, have historical value, especially the omoya (main building) and Nagaya-mon Gate.
Japanese: 一般の農家より大きく、現在に残っている庄屋､大庄屋屋敷は、主屋・長屋門などに歴史的価値のあるものが多い。
English: The Imo incident, (also known as the Jingo incident) was a massive soldiers' revolt that occurred under the incitement of Daewongun on July 23, 1882, in Seoul special city during the Joseon Dynasty (same as the later Seoul Special City), during which many people such as high-ranking government officials of Queen Min's, a Japanese military advisor, and Japanese diplomat were killed, and the Japanese legation was attacked.
Japanese: 壬午事変（じんごじへん）とは、1882年7月23日に、大院君らの煽動を受けて、李氏朝鮮のソウル特別市（後のソウル特別市）で大規模な兵士の反乱が起こり、政権を担当していた閔妃の政府高官や、日本人軍事顧問、日本外交官らが殺害され、日本公使館が襲撃を受けた事件である。
English: It is also called the Imo Munity or the Joseon Korean Incident, or more simply just the Korean Incident.
Japanese: 壬午軍乱（じんごぐんらん）、朝鮮国事変(ちょうせんこくじへん)、あるいは単に朝鮮事変(ちょうせんじへん)とも呼ぶ。
English: In Korea at the time, the government had been divided between two factions even since the Ganghwa Island incident: the 'Conservative Party' (also known as the Sadaedang, or 'Serve the Great' Party) which advocated that Korea should remain a vassal state of Qing China and 'the Gaehwadang' (Progressive Party, also called the Independence Party) that was anxious about the current situation and hoped to modernize Korea.
Japanese: 江華島事件以来、当時の朝鮮は、朝鮮は清朝の冊封国（または冊封国）としての朝鮮のままであるべきであるという「守旧派」（事大党ともいう）と、現状を憂い朝鮮の近代化を目指す「開化派」（独立党ともいう）とに分かれていた。
English: In addition, there was a severe conflict at court between Heungseon Daewongun, the biological father of Gojong (king of the Joseon Dynasty), and Gojong's wife Queen Min (also known as Empress Myeongseong), as well as between their supporters, over who should hold power.
Japanese: 加えて、宮中では政治の実権を巡って、高宗(朝鮮王)の実父である興宣大院君らと、高宗の妃である閔妃らとが、激しく対立していた。
English: In May 1881, five years after Korea ended its seclusion policy, the government, which was actually controlled by King Gojong's wife Queen Min and her clan members, started substantial military reforms.
Japanese: 開国して5年目の1881年5月、朝鮮国王高宗の后閔妃の一族が実権を握っていた朝鮮政府は、大幅な軍政改革に着手した。
English: They invited a military advisory group from Japan, which had been one step ahead in achieving modernization (members: First Lieutenant of Army Infantry 菊地節蔵, Second Lieutenant of Army Engineers Reizo HORIMOTO and Second Lieutenant of Army Engineers 美代清濯).
Japanese: 近代化に対しては一日の長がある日本から、軍事顧問団（菊地節蔵陸軍歩兵中尉、堀本禮造陸軍工兵少尉及び美代清濯陸軍工兵少尉）を招いた。
English: Under the advisors' instruction, they set up the 'Byeolgigun' (a modernized special military force) apart from the existing traditional army, organized it in a new way and had it newly-equipped, continuing with such efforts as performing Japanese-style training and sending some members to Japan for study.
Japanese: そしてその指導の下に旧軍とは別に、新式の編成で新式の装備を有する「別技軍」を組織し、日本式の訓練を行ったり日本に留学させたりと、努力を続けていた。
English: As the Progressive Party aimed to modernize the army, it was natural for the weapons and tools given out to the Byeolgigun to be of the new style.
Japanese: 開化派は軍の近代化を目指していたため、当然武器や用具等も新式が支給されていた。
English: Besides, as the members of the unit were mainly young people from the yangban (literally, "the two groups", an elite class at the peak of society during the Joseon Dynasty), the way they were treated could not be the same as the soldiers of the Conservative Party.
Japanese: また隊員も両班の子弟が中心だったことから、守旧派と待遇が違うのは当然だった。
English: The following explanation matches the one given in "History of Korea (new edition): Government-designated textbook for Korean high schools" (Textbooks of the World, first series), published by Akashi Shoten in 2000.
Japanese: 以下の説明は、『新版韓国の歴史－国定韓国高等学校歴史教科書』（世界の教科書シリーズ１）明石書店2000年による説明と合致したものである。
English: In addition to the above, Korea was financially troubled at the time and the armed forces had not received their salaries (which were paid in rice) for thirteen months.
Japanese: それに加え、当時朝鮮では財政難で軍隊への、当時は米で支払われていた給料（俸給米）の支給が13ヶ月も遅れていた。
English: Furthermore, when the salary rice was finally paid on July 23, they found sand and other things mixed in with it because the warehouse keepers charged with distributing it had tried to embezzle some rice by inflating the amount of it using sand.
Japanese: そして7月23日にやっと支払われた俸給米の中には、支給に当たった倉庫係が砂で水増しして、残りを着服しようとした為砂などが入っていた。
English: This riot ended quickly, but the leaders of the assault were arrested later and sentenced to be executed.
Japanese: いったんこの暴動は収まったが、その後、暴行の首魁が捕縛され処刑されることとなった。
English: This was the plot of Daewongun, the former political leader and the head of the Conservative Party who intended to take advantage of the revolt to wipe out political opponents such as Queen Min and take over the administration again.
Japanese: これは、反乱に乗じて閔妃などの政敵を一掃、政権を再び奪取しようとする前政権担当者で守旧派筆頭である大院君の陰謀であった。
English: The soldiers who started rioting also turned their discontent against the Japanese who had supported the Byeolgigun.
Japanese: 反乱を起こした兵士の不満矛先は別技軍を支援してきた日本人にも向けられた。
English: Joined by the poor and the homeless, the mobs even killed some people such as Second Lieutenant Horimoto, employees of the Japanese legation, and Japanese students, who had no connection with the affair.
Japanese: 貧民や浮浪者も加わった暴徒は堀本少尉や日本人公使館員、学生等無関係な人たちも殺害した。
English: They also badly injured Min Yeong-ik, a biological nephew of Queen Min and the head of the Byeolgigun training center, who had taken shelter in the Changdeokgung palace, and killed several high-ranking Progressive Party officials.
Japanese: また、王宮たる昌徳宮に難を逃れていた、閔妃の実の甥で別技軍教練所長だった閔泳翊に重傷を負わせ、開化派高官達も殺害した。
English: When the Korean government informed the Japanese legation of the revolt by the traditional army, it requested that the Korean government send their guards to protect the legation.
Japanese: 朝鮮政府から旧軍反乱の連絡を受けた日本公使館は朝鮮政府による公使館警備を要請した。
English: However, as the protection was insufficient, the members of the Japanese legation fought back against the attack of the mob on their own.
Japanese: が、警備は十分ではないため暴徒の襲撃を受けた日本公使館は自ら応戦した。
English: It is said that the group of legation staff members who had managed to protect themselves during the daytime, 28 people, including the Minister Yoshimoto HANABUSA, set fire to the legation that night.
Japanese: 当日は自衛でしのいだ公使館員一行は夜間に、花房義質公使以下28人は自ら公使館に火を放ったといわれる。
English: Although mobs attacked them again and again on their way from Seoul special city to Incheon Metropolitan City and their casualties increased, they finally got out of trouble and escaped to Nagasaki with the help of a British survey ship.
Japanese: そして彼らは、ソウル特別市から仁川広域市に至るまでの間に、たびたび暴徒の襲撃を受けて死傷者を出しながら難を逃れて、イギリスの測量船で長崎へ避難した。
English: According to a detailed record of the circumstances owned by the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records (in the National Archives of Japan), some Japanese civilian residents who had nothing to do with the incident were also killed or injured.
Japanese: 事件とは全く無関係の一般の在留日本人にも死傷がでたとアジア資料センターの始末記には記載されている。
English: Catching wind of the incident, Queen Min immediately escaped from the palace and got herself out of harm's way with the support of YUAN Shikai of Qing China who was stationed in Korea at the time.
Japanese: 事件を察知した閔妃はいち早く王宮を脱出し、当時朝鮮に駐屯していた清国の袁世凱の力を借り窮地を脱した。
English: While Daewongun and his sympathizers who had incited the incident failed to catch Queen Min, they seized power from Gojong and it looked as if their plot had succeeded.
Japanese: 事件を煽動した大院君側は、閔妃を捕り逃がしたものの、高宗から政権を譲り受け、企みは成功したかに見えた。
English: Here occurred a conflict between Japan and the Qing over which country was to subdue the revolt, but the Qing troops went ahead and did so on the basis that Korea was a Qing's vassal state.
Japanese: ここで、日本と清どちらが反乱を鎮圧するかの争いになったが、朝鮮は清の冊封国だからという理由で、清朝軍はそのまま反乱を鎮圧した。
English: Seeing Japan's powerlessness during the incident, Queen Min and her clan members changed their policy from open-door to pro-Qing.
Japanese: 一連の事件で日本の無力を目にした閔妃一族は開化政策から親清政策へ移転する。
English: (Daewongun's confinement continued for another three years despite Gojong's petitions appealing for his release, and when he returned home it was with YUAN Shikai, Resident in Korea for Diplomatic and Commercial Relations.)
Japanese: （高宗の解放嘆願書の効無く、大院君の幽閉は３年間続き、帰国は駐箚朝鮮総理交渉通商事宜の袁世凱と共とだった。
English: The Japanese government appointed Minister HANABUSA as a plenipotentiary and dispatched him to Korea with four warships, an infantry battalion belonging to the 11th Regiment of Infantry and a naval landing party under the command of Army Major General Tomonosuke TAKASHIMA and Rear Admiral Kagenori NIRE.
Japanese: 日本政府は、花房公使を全権委員として、高島鞆之助陸軍少将及び仁礼景範海軍少将の指揮する、軍艦4隻、歩兵第11連隊の1個歩兵大隊及び海軍陸戦隊を伴わせ、朝鮮に派遣する。
English: The Japanese government at first requested that the Korean government make an apology, give grants to the families of the dead, punish the culprits, and cede either Geoje Island or Ulleungdo Island.
Japanese: 日本側は当初、朝鮮政府による謝罪と遺族への扶助料、犯人の処罰、巨済島または鬱陵島の割譲を要求した。
English: However, they dropped the request for territory due to discouragement by Qing troops and an American warship, and brought the negotiations to a conclusion.
Japanese: が、清国軍とアメリカの軍艦派遣による牽制のため、領土の割譲は諦め交渉を終えた。
English: Japan concluded the Jemulpo Treaty with Korea, and Korea promised in it to let the Japanese military guard the Japanese legation, leading to the stationing of Japanese troops in Korea.
Japanese: 日本と朝鮮は済物浦条約を結び、日本軍による日本公使館の警備を約束し、日本は朝鮮に軍隊を置くことになった。
English: This was also meant to act as a restraint on the Qing, who acted according to the principle that Korea was a Qing vassal state.
Japanese: このことは、朝鮮は清の冊封国であるという姿勢の清を牽制する意味もあった。
English: Thus, they were able to avoid military clashes between the Japanese and Qing troops facing each other on the Korean Peninsula.
Japanese: こうして、朝鮮半島で対峙した日清両軍の軍事衝突を避けることができた。
English: However, this incident resulted in a severer confrontation between Japan and China, one of which wanted to ensure influence on Korea and the other of which wanted to maintain the vassal-state system.
Japanese: が、朝鮮への影響力を確保したい日本と、冊封体制を維持したい清との対立が高まることになった。
English: Among the Japanese victims, the following men such as legation staff who were killed by the angry Korean mob were, regardless of being soldiers or not, enshrined at the Yasukuni-jinja Shrine as war dead.
Japanese: 殺害された日本人のうち公使館員等で朝鮮人兇徒によって殺害された以下の日本人男性は、軍人であると否とにかかわらず、戦没者に準じて靖国神社に合祀されている。