nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: With this technology, pure nickel could not be produced, but ferronickel could be recovered as grained iron (luppe).
Japanese: この方法では純粋のニッケルを製造することはできないが、フェロニッケルを粒鉄状（ルッペ）にして回収することができた。
English: Because ferronickel is adequate for the manufacture of special steel, stainless steel, high-speed steel and so on, Nihon Kako decided to employ the Krupp-Renn process with the aim of producing ferronickel.
Japanese: フェロニッケルは特殊鋼、ステンレス鋼、高速度鋼などの製造には十分であり、日本火工ではクルップ・レン法を採用してフェロニッケルの製造をめざすことにした。
English: Nickel ore taken from Oeyama Mine was transported by truck or freight car to Nanao Cement in Nanao City, Ishikawa Prefecture where the industrial test for smelting was carried out repeatedly with the rotary kiln for manufacture of cement.
Japanese: 大江山鉱山から採掘されたニッケル鉱石はトラックと貨車輸送で石川県七尾市にあった七尾セメント（株）へ送られ、そこでセメント製造用のロータリーキルンで製錬のための工業試験を繰り返した。
English: In March 1940, Nihon Kako succeeded in smelting luppe and started full-scale manufacture.
Japanese: 1940年（昭和15）年3月になってルッペ製錬に成功し、本格的な製造を開始した。
English: Furthermore, based on this result, they received assistance from the government and the army, and established Iwataki Smeltery, a smelting facility exclusively for nickel, which was only 11 kilometers away from Oeyama Mine in the former Yoshizu village, Yosa County (now Miyazu City, Kyoto Prefecture and Iwataki, Yosano-cho).
Japanese: さらにこの結果に基づき、政府と陸軍の援助を受け、大江山鉱山から11キロしか離れていない与謝郡吉津村（当時。現在の京都府宮津市と与謝野町岩滝）に専用のニッケル製錬施設、岩滝製錬所を建設することになった。
English: Not only was this smeltery not far from the mine, but it was conveniently located for transportation of vital requirements for smelting such as anthracite from Chongjin, Korean Peninsula and limestone from Kyushu by ship.
Japanese: この製錬所は鉱山から遠くないばかりか、製錬に必須の無煙炭を朝鮮半島の清津から、石灰岩を九州から船で輸送することが可能な便利な位置にあった。
English: Furthermore, following the outbreak of the Pacific War, many prisoners of the allied forces who the Japanese army captured in Hong Kong, the Malay Peninsula, Singapore, the Philippines, etc., Chinese laborers who were forced to be brought against their will from the Chinese continent, and Koreans who were drawn from the Korean Peninsula were poured into the scene of labor.
Japanese: さらに太平洋戦争の勃発にともなって香港、マレー半島、シンガポール、フィリピンなどで日本軍が捕獲した多数の連合軍捕虜、中国大陸からは強制連行されてきた中国人労働者、さらに朝鮮半島から徴用された朝鮮人が現場に投入された。
English: The details of the circumstances at the time are mentioned in "Oeyama Mine: the True Story of the Kidnapping of Chinese Nationals and the Forced Labor" written by Kaoru WAKUDA (published by Kamogawa Shuppan Publishers in 2006) and "Roll Call at Oeyama P.O.W. Remembers" written by Frank Evans (published in English only in England in 1985).
Japanese: この当時の状況は和久田薫著『大江山鉱山　中国人拉致・強制労働の真実』（2006年、（株）かもがわ出版）、フランク・エバンス著『RollCallatOeyamaP.O.W.Remembers大江山の点呼　捕虜は思い出す』（1985年、イギリスにて出版、英文のみ）に詳しい。
English: Due to the end of the Pacific War in 1945, Oeyama Mine was closed, and Iwataki Smeltery stopped producing luppe and decided to do nothing but maintain its facilities.
Japanese: 1945年（昭和20）年の太平洋戦争の終戦にともない、大江山鉱山は閉山され、岩滝製錬所もルッペの生産を停止し、施設維持のみを行う体制に移った。
English: Later, in 1952, the business of Oeyama Smeltery was planned to be resumed; subsequently, it has continued its business to this day since ore far better than one from Oeyama Mine started to be imported from New Caledonia of the French possessions in the South Pacific Ocean.
Japanese: その後、1952年（昭和27）年になり、大江山製錬所の事業再開が計画され、大江山鉱山の鉱石よりはるかに良質な鉱石を南太平洋のフランス領ニューカレドニアから輸入することが始まって、以後、今日に至っている。
English: This section shows the list of the official town names in the Ukyo Ward and summarizes the period and process of their establishment.
Japanese: 本項京都市右京区の町名（きょうとしうきょうくのちょうめい）では、同区内に存在する公称町名を一覧化するとともに、その成立時期・成立過程等について概説する。
English: The ward includes the mountainous areas such as Mt. Takao and Mt. Atago (Kyoto City), which is located north of the Uzumasa district, and also includes the area of the former Keihoku Town, which is located to the north.
Japanese: 区の領域はその北方、高雄山、愛宕山(京都市)などの山間部、さらに北の旧・京北町の区域も含む。
English: It shares a border with the wards of Sakyo, Kita (Kyoto City), Nakagyo, Shimogyo, Minami (Kyoto City) and Nishikyo from the east to the south, and with the cities of Kameoka and Nantan from the west to the north.
Japanese: 東から南は京都市左京区、北区(京都市)、中京区、下京区、南区(京都市)、西京区に接し、西から北は京都府亀岡市、南丹市に接する。
English: The ward includes the Sagano which is a famous sightseeing area as well as the districts of Takao, Makinoo and Toganoo which are titled 'Sanbi' (all of the districts are famous for their finest views of Autumn leaves), with many famous temples and shrines including the temples of Myoshin-ji, Ninna-ji, Ryoan-ji, Koryu-ji, Tenryu-ji, Daikaku-ji, Zingo-ji, Kozan-ji, and Atago-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 観光地として名高い嵯峨野、「三尾」（さんび）と称される高雄、槇尾（まきのお）、栂尾（とがのお）地区は当区に属し、区内には妙心寺、仁和寺、龍安寺、広隆寺、天龍寺、大覚寺、神護寺、高山寺、愛宕神社などの著名社寺が多い。
English: In the same year, Kyoto City spread by integrating many neighboring towns and villages, and the Ukyo Ward was newly created which consisted of the former town and nine villages of the Kadono County, that is, Saga Town and Kyogoku, Sanin, Uzumasa, Umezu, Hanazono, Umegahata, Matsuo, Katsura and Kawaoka villages.
Japanese: 同年京都市は周辺の多くの町村を編入し、市域を拡大したが、うち葛野郡（かどのぐん）の嵯峨町、京極村、西院村、太秦村、梅津村、花園村、梅ケ畑村、松尾村、桂村、川岡村の旧1町9村の地域をもって右京区が新設された。
English: The area at this time corresponded to a part which excludes the former Keihoku Town from the present Ukyo Ward and a part of the present Nishikyo Ward.
Japanese: この時の区の領域は、現・右京区のうち旧・京北町域を除いた地域と、現・西京区の一部に相当する。
English: In 1976 the area of the right bank of the Katsura-gawa River (including former Matsuo, Katsura and Kawaoka villages) was split off to form the Nishikyo Ward.
Japanese: 昭和51年（1976年）に桂川右岸の地域（旧松尾村、桂村、川岡村を含む）が分区して西京区となった。
English: In 2005 it integrated the Keihoku Town, Kitakuwada County, in what was called 'the great merger of municipalities in the Heisei era.'
Japanese: 平成17年（2005年）、いわゆる「平成の大合併」で、北桑田郡京北町を合併した。
English: The town's names in Kyoto City are categorized into ones which use the former village name or former Oaza (larger section of village) such as 'Ohara Raikoin-cho' (in this case, 'Ohara') and ones which uses an independent name such as 'Kameya-cho' and 'Kikuya-cho.'
Japanese: 京都市内の町名には「大原来迎院町」のように旧村名、旧大字名に由来する地名（上記例の場合は「大原」）を冠称するものと、「亀屋町」「菊屋町」のような単独町名とがある。
English: The names of the towns in the Ukyo Ward is all include district names as a prefix, such as the former Oaza.
Japanese: 右京区内の町名は例外なく、旧大字名などの地区名を冠した複合町名である。
English: According to the second volume of "Kadokawa Nihon Chimei Daijiten No. 26 Kyoto-Fu" (Kadokawa dictionary of place-names of Japan, No.26 Kyoto Prefecture), there were officially 608 declared towns in 1980.
Japanese: 区内の公称町名の数は、『角川日本地名大辞典26京都府』下巻によれば1980年現在608町であった。
English: Since the Keihoku Town was integrated in 2005 and 1,232 towns were newly created, there have been 1,840 towns (2009-present).
Japanese: なお、2005年に京北町が編入され、その区域に1,232町が新設されているため、2009年現在の町数は1,840町である。
English: There are some towns which do not have the letters 'cho' (which means town) as a suffix such as 'Narutaki Uda no tani' and 'Umegahata Mukoyama.'
Japanese: 区内には「鳴滝宇多野谷」「梅ケ畑向井山」のように、末尾に「町」字を付さない町名が一部に存在する。
English: These were mountainous regions where is uninhabited when the Ukyo town was established in 1931.
Japanese: これらは、山間部などで、昭和6年の町名成立時において当該区域内に人家が存在しなかったものである。
English: There were three Oaza in the Kyogoku village: Senshoji, Kori and Tokudaiji.
Japanese: 京極村には川勝寺（せんしょうじ）、郡（こおり）、徳大寺の3つの大字があった。
English: These were reorganized into eighty-two towns in total, that is, forty-six towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Nishikyogoku,' thirty-four towns which were prefixed by the name 'Nishikyogoku Kori' and two towns which were prefixed by the name 'Nishikyogoku Tokudaiji,' respectively.
Japanese: これらはそれぞれ「西京極」を冠称する46町、「西京極郡」を冠称する34町、「西京極徳大寺」を冠称する2町、計82町に編成された。
English: (established in 1969) Higashi, Nishi, Minami and Kitakoromodecho, Shinmeicho, Higashi and Nishiomarucho, Kadonocho, Koricho, Higashi and Nishiikedacho, Hamanomotocho, and Kita and Minamishozakai-cho.
Japanese: （昭和44年成立）東・西・南・北衣手町、新明町、東・西大丸町、葛野町、郡町、東・西池田町、浜ノ本町、北・南庄境町、
English: (changed the prefix from 'Nishikyogoku Kori' to 'Nishikyogoku' in 1969) Kita and Minamioiri-cho, Umazukacho, Shindencho and Noda-cho
Japanese: （昭和44年、冠称を「西京極郡」から「西京極」に変更）北・南大入町、午塚町、新田町、野田町
English: Among them, the area of Oaza Yamanouchi became fifteen towns which here prefixed by the name of 'Yamanouchi' and two towns (Kanazuchicho and Shijobata-cho) which here prefixed by the name of Sanin.
Japanese: このうち、大字山ノ内の区域は「山ノ内」を冠称する15町と、西院を冠称する2町（金槌町、四条畑町）となった。
English: A part of Oaza Sanin was integrated into the Shimogyo Ward in 1918 (which corresponds to the present Nakagyo Ward).
Japanese: 大字西院は一部が大正7年（1918年）に当時の下京区に編入された（当該区域は現在の中京区）。
English: The other part of Oaza Sanin was integrated into Kyoto City in 1931 and became a part of the Ukyo Ward which consisted of thirty-eight towns which were prefixed by the name 'Sanin' and the Yamanouchi Naemachi town.
Japanese: 大字西院の残余は昭和6年京都市に編入されて右京区の一部となり、「西院」を冠称する38町、及び山ノ内苗町となった。
English: The forty towns which were prefixed by the name 'Sanin' were reorganized into the current fifty towns through the following process.
Japanese: 「西院」を冠称する計40町は、以下のような変遷を経て現在は50町となっている。
English: (established in 1939) Kozanjicho, Matsuicho, Nishisanzocho, Nishihiramachi, Kita and Nishi Yakagecho, Nishi and Minami Takadacho, Kotobukicho, Nishi and Minami Kotobukicho, Nakamizucho, Higashi and Nishi Nakamizucho and Nishi Mizosaki-cho
Japanese: （昭和14年成立）高山寺町、松井町、西三蔵町、西平町、北・西矢掛町、西・南高田町、寿町、西・南寿町、中水町、東・西中水町、西溝崎町
English: (established in 1954) Kami, Higashi and Nishi Imadacho, Kami and Shimo Hanadacho, Higashi and Nishi Junnaincho and Kasuga-cho
Japanese: （昭和29年成立）上・東・西今田町、上・下花田町、東・西淳和院町、春日町
English: (abolished in 1969) Igoryocho, Umatsukacho, Katsuracho, Higashi, Nishi and Naka Omarucho, Hanedacho, Babacho and Higashida-cho
Japanese: （昭和44年廃止）井御料町、馬塚町、桂町、東・西・中大丸町、羽根田町、馬場町、東田町
English: Among them, the Oaza Uzumasa and Oaza Nakano were reorganized into the sixty-five towns which were prefixed by the name 'Uzumasa,' while Oaza Yasui was reorganized into eighteen towns which were prefixed by the name 'Uzumasa Yasui,' and Oaza Tokiwadani was reorganized into nineteen towns which were prefixed by the name 'Tokiwa,' and Oaza Sagano reorganized into seventeen towns which were prefixed by the name 'Sagano.'
Japanese: このうち、大字太秦と大字中野は「太秦」を冠称する65町、大字安井は「太秦安井」を冠称する18町、大字常盤谷は「常盤」を冠称する19町、大字嵯峨野は「嵯峨野」を冠称する17町に編成された。
English: Among sixty-five towns which were prefixed by the name 'Uzumasa,' the nine towns were included in Oaza Nakano, which included Miyanomaecho, Kyonomichicho, Kitarocho, Nakasujicho, Kainichicho, Horiikecho, Goryodencho, Nakayamacho and Sanbi-cho.
Japanese: 「太秦」を冠称する65町のうち、大字中野に属していたのは宮ノ前町、京ノ道町、北路町、中筋町、開日町、堀池町、御領田町、中山町、三尾町の9町である。
English: The above district bearing the name 'Sagano' is other than the famous sightseeing spot, 'Sagano.'
Japanese: 上記の「嵯峨野」を冠称する地区は、観光名所としての「嵯峨野」とは別個の地区である。
English: Among them, the area of Oaza Higashi Umezu was mostly reorganized into twenty-four towns which were prefixed by the name 'Umezu,' and the rest remained as Oaza Higashi Umezu.
Japanese: このうち、大字東梅津の区域は大部分が「梅津」を冠称する24町に編成され、残余は大字東梅津として残された。
English: The area of Oaza Nishi Umezu was reorganized into six towns which were prefixed by the name 'Umezu' (Fushiharacho, Fukenokawacho, Maedacho, Nakakuracho, Shirimizocho and Onawaba-cho).
Japanese: 大字西梅津の区域は「梅津」を冠称する6町（罧原町、フケノ川町、前田町、中倉町、尻溝町、大縄場町）となった。
English: After that, Higashi Kamaeguchicho and Minami Ueda-cho were established and Nagamichicho, Hatadacho and Rokutake-cho were abolished in 1969, and there are now twenty-nine towns which are headed by the name 'Umezu.'
Japanese: その後、昭和44年に東構口町、南上田町が成立、長通町、畑田町、六竹町が廃止され、「梅津」を冠称する町名は現在は29町となっている。
English: In 1965, all places in Kyoto City whose names included the terms 'Oaza' and 'Aza' (the latter meaning a small section of a village) were renamed with the suffix 'cho', therefore, a place called 'Oaza XX Aza YY' would have been renamed 'XXYY-cho'.
Japanese: 昭和40年（1965年）、当時の京都市内各所に残存していた「大字○○字XX」の区域はすべて「町」となり、「○○XX町」と改称された。
English: At this time, the district which existed as 'Oaza Higashi Umezu' was reorganized into Higashi Umezu Maeko-cho.
Japanese: この際、「大字東梅津」として存続していた区域は東梅津前子町となった。
English: Saga Town was originally Saga village when the Municipal Government Act came into effect in 1889.
Japanese: 嵯峨町は明治22年（1889年）の市制町村制施行時には嵯峨村であった。
English: It integrated Shimosaga village in 1903 and became Saga Town in 1923.
Japanese: 明治36年（1903年）に下嵯峨村を編入、大正12年に町制を施行している。
English: In Saga Town, there were six Oaza: Kamisaga, Shimosaga, Tenryuji, Mizuo, Hara and Koshihata.
Japanese: 嵯峨町には上嵯峨、下嵯峨、天龍寺、水尾、原、越畑の6つの大字があった。
English: Among them, the Oaza Kamisaga was reorganized into fifty-six towns which were prefixed by the name 'Saga' and ten towns prefixed by the name 'Kitasaga,' the Oaza Shimosaga into sixteen towns prefixed by the name 'Saga,' and Oaza Tenryuji into twenty-three towns which were prefixed by the name 'Saga.'
Japanese: このうち、大字上嵯峨は「嵯峨」を冠称する56町と「北嵯峨」を冠称する10町に、大字下嵯峨は「嵯峨」を冠称する16町に、大字天龍寺は「嵯峨」を冠称する23町に、それぞれ編成された。
English: Among the Oaza of former Saga Town, Kadono County, Oaza Mizuo was reorganized into twenty-six towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Saga Mizuo,' the Oaza Hara into twenty-six towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Saga Shikimigahara,' and Oaza Koshihata which included twenty-nine towns which bore the name of 'Saga Koshihata.'
Japanese: 旧葛野郡嵯峨町のうち、大字水尾は「嵯峨水尾」を冠称する26町に、大字原は「嵯峨樒原」（さがしきみがはら）を冠称する26町に、大字越畑は「嵯峨越畑」を冠称する29町に、それぞれ編成された。
English: The Oaza Utano was reorganized into ten towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Utano,' twenty-four towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Narutaki,' five towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Yamagoe,' and Ondoyama Yamanochaya-cho.
Japanese: 大字宇多野は「宇多野」を冠称する10町、「鳴滝」を冠称する24町、「山越」を冠称する5町、及び音戸山山ノ茶屋町に編成された。
English: The Oaza Taniguchi was reorganized into five towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Taniguchi' and eleven towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Ryoanji.'
Japanese: 大字谷口は「谷口」を冠称する5町と「龍安寺」を冠称する11町に編成された。
English: The Oaza Omuro was mostly reorganized into five towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Omuro,' and the rest were left as Oaza Omuro.
Japanese: 大字御室は大部分が「御室」を冠称する5町に編成され、残余は大字御室として残された。
English: In 1965, in Kyoto City, all the districts the names of which included the terms 'Oaza' and 'Aza' (the latter meaning a small section of a village) were renamed with the suffix 'cho,' so a place called 'Oaza XX Aza YY' would have been renamed 'XXYY-cho'.
Japanese: 昭和40年（1965年）、当時の京都市内各所に残存していた「大字○○字XX」の区域はすべて「町」となり、「○○XX町」と改称された。
English: At this time, the district of Oaza Omuro was reorganized as Omuro Sumiyoshiyama-cho and Omuro Narabigaoka-cho.
Japanese: この際、大字御室として存続していた区域は、御室住吉山町及び御室双岡町となった。
English: The former Umegahata village, Kadono County, was integrated into Kyoto City in 1931, and became a part of the Ukyo Ward.
Japanese: 旧葛野郡梅ケ畑村は、昭和6年京都市に編入され、右京区の一部となった。
English: In the Umegahata village, there is no Oaza and its area was reorganized into fifty-two towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Umegahata.'
Japanese: 梅ケ畑村には大字はなく、旧村域は「梅ケ畑」を冠称する52町に編成された。
English: The Keihoku district in the Ukyo Ward was the former Keihoku Town, Kitakuwada County, which was integrated into the Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City, at the time of what was called 'the great merger of municipalities in the Heisei era' in 2005.
Japanese: 右京区の京北地区は、もとの北桑田郡京北町で、平成17年（2005年）にいわゆる「平成の大合併」で京都市右京区に編入された。
English: The merger of other municipalities into Kyoto City was the first time in the forty-six years after the merger of the villages of Kuse (the present Minami Ward) and Oharano (the present Nishikyo Ward) in 1959.
Japanese: 京都市への他自治体の合併は、昭和34年（1959年）の久世村（現・南区）、大原野村（現・西京区）の合併以来46年ぶりであった。
English: This area consisted of six villages in the Kitakuwada County when the Municipal Government Act came into effect in 1889.
Japanese: この地区は、明治22年（1889年）の市制町村制施行の時点では、北桑田郡の6つの村であった。
English: Among them, Shuzan village became Shuzan Town in 1943.
Japanese: うち周山村は昭和18年（1943年）に町制を施行し、周山町となった。
English: The single town and five villages including the Shuzan Town were merged into the Keihoku Town in 1955.
Japanese: 周山町を含む1町5村は昭和30年（1955年）に合併し、京北町となった。
English: In the Yamakuni village there were ten Oaza (Oshio, Hatsukawa, Ido, Ono, Higae, Nakae, To, Tsuji, Torii and Shimo)
Japanese: 山国村10大字（小塩、初川、井戸、大野、比賀江、中江、塔、辻、鳥居、下）
English: In the Yuge village there were nine Oaza (Kaminaka, Shimonaka, Shimoyuge, Shiota, Izaki, Akaishi, Tanuki, Shittan and Kamiyuge)
Japanese: 弓削村9大字（上中、下中、下弓削、塩田、井崎、赤石、田貫、室谷、上弓削）
English: In the Shuzan Town there were nine Oaza (Uno, Azae, Nishi, Yashironaka, Urushitani, Kumada, Shimokumada, Gohonmatsu and Shuzan)
Japanese: 周山町9大字（宇野、浅江、西、矢代中、漆谷、熊田、下熊田、五本松、周山）
English: The area of the former Hosono village became Oaza Hosono, Keihoku Town, and the other forty-one Oaza (one town and four villages) became the Oaza in Keihoku Town, therefore, there were forty-two Oaza in the Keihoku Town at the time of establishment.
Japanese: 旧細野村の区域は京北町大字細野となり、残りのの1町4村の計41の大字は引き続き京北町の大字となり、発足当初の京北町は42の大字で構成されていた。
English: However, after Oaza Hirogawara which was near Kyoto City was integrated into the Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City in 1957, this number was reduced to forty-one Oaza in Keihoku Town.
Japanese: ただし、地理的に京都市方面との関係が強い大字広河原は昭和32年（1957年）京都市左京区に編入されたため、以後は41大字となった。
English: In 2005, Keihoku Town was integrated into Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City, and forty-one Oaza were reorganized into 1,232 towns which were prefixed by the name of 'Keihoku.'
Japanese: 平成17年（2005年）、京北町は京都市右京区に編入され、41大字は「京北」を冠称する1,232町に編成された。
English: As the following example shows, in principle, town's name of 'Aza B, Oaza A, Keihoku Town' was changed to 'B, Keihoku-A-cho, Ukyo Ward.'
Japanese: 町名は下の例のように、従前の「京北町大字A字B」を「右京区京北A町B」と改称する原則によって命名されている。
English: Aza Kamiterada, Oaza Shuzan, Keihoku Town, Kitakuwada County, Kyoto Prefecture' was changed to 'Kamiterada, Keihoku-Shuzan-cho, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City'
Japanese: 京都府北桑田郡京北町大字周山字上寺田→京都府京都市右京区京北周山町上寺田
English: According to the second volume of "Kadokawa Nihon Chimei Daijiten No. 26 Kyoto-Fu" (Kadokawa dictionary of place-names of Japan, No.26 Kyoto Prefecture), (hereinafter 'Kadokawa'), it is a town with a sole waterway uninhabited, even though it is not shown on any map.
Japanese: -地図にみえないが、『角川日本地名大辞典26京都府』（以下「角川」）には水路のみの無人町とある。
English: According to 'Kadokawa,' it was abolished in 1969, although the name is still on the postal code list.
Japanese: 郵便番号一覧表には当町が収録されているが、「角川」では昭和44年（1969年）に廃止された旧町とする。
English: In 'the ordinance on the area of Kyoto City' (the No. 7 ordinance of Kyoto City as of April 1, 1949), the name of Nishikyogoku Kori Tsukisu-cho is not shown either.
Japanese: 京都市の各区に属する公称町名を列挙した「京都市区の所管区域条例」（昭和24年4月1日京都市条例第7号）にも西京極郡附洲町の名はみえない。
English: For convenience, the town numbers in this section are based on the numbers described in the 'Kadokawa.'
Japanese: 本項「京都市右京区の町名」における現行町名数は便宜上「角川」の説に準じる。
English: This section on "Town names in Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City" lists official town names in Fushimi Ward and summarizes the period and process of their establishment.
Japanese: 本項京都市伏見区の町名（きょうとしふしみくのちょうめい）では、同区内に存在する公称町名を一覧化するとともに、その成立時期・成立過程等について概説する。
English: It stretches east and west, and includes Fushimi district as its center, a castle town of the Fushimi-jo Castle well-known for its sake brewing industry, as well as Fukakusa district in the north, Daigo district in the east and suburban district in the west and the south.
Japanese: 区域は東西に長く、伏見城の城下町で酒造業で知られる伏見地区を中心に、北方の深草地区、東方の醍醐地区、西方・南方の郊外地区を含む。
English: The eastern part of the ward is mountain terrain with Mt. Daigo in the center and the western part is flatland along the Uji-gawa River and the Katsura-gawa River.
Japanese: 区の東部は醍醐山を中心とする山地、西部は宇治川、桂川に沿った平地である。
English: In the southern part of the ward stretches Ogura-ike Reclaimed Land extending over Uji City and the town of Kumiyama-cho.
Japanese: 区の南部には宇治市、久御山町にまたがって旧巨椋池（おぐらいけ）干拓地が広がる。
English: It is bordered with Yamashina Ward, Higashiyama Ward and Minami Ward (Kyoto City) in the north, Muko City, Nagaokakyo City and Oyamazaki-cho in the west and Uji City, Kumiyama-cho and Yawata City in the south.
Japanese: 北は京都市山科区、東山区、南区(京都市)、西は向日市、長岡京市、大山崎町、南は宇治市、久御山町、八幡市に接する。
English: It includes the former Kii and Uji counties in the center and a part of the former Otokuni, Kuse and Tsuzuki counties in the west.
Japanese: 区域はかつての紀伊郡、宇治郡を中心に西部には乙訓郡、久世郡、綴喜郡の一部を含む。
English: There are Fushimi-Inari Taisha Shrine, Daigo-ji Temple, the ruins of Fushimi-jo Castle, Fushimi-no-Momoyama-no-Misasagi which is the Imperial mausoleum of Emperor Meiji, Kyoto Race Course and so on in the ward.
Japanese: 区内には伏見稲荷大社、醍醐寺、伏見城跡、明治天皇伏見桃山陵、京都競馬場などがある。
English: In the same year, Kyoto City expanded its area by integrating many towns and villages into it and Fushimi Ward was established integrating Fushimi City, Fukakusa town, Horiuchi village, Takeda village, Shimotoba village, Yokooji village, Mukaijima village, Noso village in Kii County and Daigo village, Uji County.
Japanese: 同年京都市は周辺の多くの町村を編入し、市域を拡大したが、うち伏見市、紀伊郡深草町、堀内村、竹田村、下鳥羽村、横大路村、向島村（むかいじまむら）、納所村（のうそむら）、宇治郡醍醐村の区域をもって伏見区が成立した。
English: Afterward, Fushimi Ward integrated into it Koga and Hatsukashi villages, Otokuni County in 1950 and Yodo town, Kuse County in 1957.
Japanese: その後、昭和25年（1950年）に乙訓郡久我村（こがむら）及び羽束師村（はつかしむら）、昭和32年（1957年）に久世郡淀町を編入している。
English: The former Fushimi City district in the center of Fushimi Ward uses independent town names while the rest of the city uses, in principle, complex names including those prefixed by former names of Oaza (large section of village) and so on.
Japanese: 伏見区においては中心部の旧伏見市の区域は単独町名、その他は原則として旧大字名などの地区名を冠した複合町名である。
English: According to the second volume of "Kadokawa Nihon Chimei Daijiten No. 26 Kyoto-Fu" (Kadokawa dictionary of place-names of Japan, No.26 Kyoto Prefecture), there were officially 630 declared towns as of 1980. (A town called with 'chome' is counted as a town.).
Japanese: 区内の公称町名の数は、『角川日本地名大辞典26京都府』下巻によれば1980年現在630町であった（「丁目」を有するものも1町とカウントする）。
English: While most of these towns still exist in 2009, the names and the borders of some towns were changed in accordance with the land readjustment project in 1997 and 2006 and the number of towns became 642 with 12 towns having been increased.
Japanese: これらの町は2009年現在も大部分が存続しているが、1997年（平成9年）と2006年（平成18年）に土地区画整理事業実施に伴う町名町界の整理があり、町数は差引で12町増えて642町となっている。
English: On some maps, the postal code list and so on, there are some town names which are not contained in the above Kadokawa dictionary of place-names as the official town names, which will be discussed in detail below.
Japanese: 地図、郵便番号一覧表等には上記角川地名辞典に公称町名として収録されない町名が散見されるが、これについては後述する。
English: The central part of Fushimi Ward was the castle town of Fushimi-jo Castle constructed by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and has been urbanized since the early-modern times.
Japanese: 伏見区の中心部は、豊臣秀吉が築いた伏見城の城下町であり、近世から町地化されていた。
English: "Fushimi Taigaiki" (The General Record of Fushimi) of 1718 states that there were town societies called Machigumi at the time in Fushimi, in which nine Kitagumi (the north unit) and nine Minamigumi (the south unit) were organized, and it describes 263 town names.
Japanese: 享保3年（1718年）の『伏見大概記』によれば、当時の伏見は北組9組、南組9組の町組が組織され、計263の町名が記されている。
English: Some of these 263 towns belonged to more than one Machigumi and so the real number of towns were a little smaller than 263.
Japanese: これら263町の中には、複数の町組に重複して属するものもあり、実際の町数はこれより若干少ない。
English: From the end of Edo period to the early Meiji period, some towns were divided into 'east and west' or 'upper and lower' and some neighboring towns not belonging to any Machigumi were integrated into Fushimi, and there existed 267 towns in the early Meiji period.
Japanese: また、江戸時代末期から明治時代初頭にかけて、1町が「東・西」「上・下」に分割されたり、町組に属していなかった周辺部の町が編入されるなどして町数に変動があり、明治時代初期には267町が存在した。
English: Out of these towns, 48 were integrated into some surrounding villages in 1877 and 31 in 1889 and 188 towns remained.
Japanese: これらの町のうち、明治10年（1877年）に48町、及び明治22年（1889年）に31町が周辺の村に編入され、残余は188町となった。
English: Of the 15 towns integrated into the then Rokujizo village in 1877, 9 towns belong to Uji City in the current administrative division.
Japanese: 明治10年に当時の六地蔵村に編入された15町のうち9町は、現在の行政区画では宇治市に属している。
English: At the time of establishment of Fushimi City in 1929, some towns that had been divided into 'east and west' or 'upper and lower' were reintegrated and some small towns were incorporated into neighboring towns, resulting in the number of 168 towns with the decrease of 20.
Japanese: 昭和4年（1929年）の伏見市成立時には、「東・西」「上・下」に分割されていた町を再統合したり、小規模な町を隣町に編入する等の整理が行われ、町数は20減って168町となった。