nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Among them, Imperial Princess Senshi was called "Dai Saiin" (Great Saiin Priestess) because she actually had the longest tenure of Saiin over 5 emperors of fifty-six years (from the times of Emperor Enyu to Emperor Goichijo).
Japanese: 中でも、歴代最長の選子内親王は実に5朝（円融天皇朝から後一条天皇朝まで）56年間の長きに渡って斎院をつとめたことから“大斎院”と称された。
English: In addition, after being dismissed, most Saiin Priestesses remained unmarried throughout life as was the case for the Saigu Priestesses; however, a few of them married the Emperor or nobles, and several Nyoin (wives of the former Emperors or princesses who could receive the same treatment with Cloistered Emperors) were produced during the rule of a cloistered emperor.
Japanese: なお、退下の後は斎宮同様殆どの斎院が生涯を独身で終えたが、天皇や貴族と結婚した斎院も少数ながらおり、院政期には数名の女院も出ている。
English: During the mid-Heian period, Saiin constantly became the center for the court culture functioning as an artistic place where tanka poets or the nobles got together.
Japanese: 平安時代中期になると、斎院はしばしば宮中文化の中心として、歌人や貴族たちが出入りする風雅な社交場の一つとなった。
English: Many successive Saiin Priestesses were well known for literary works: the first Saio Priestess, Imperial Princess Uchiko, who was a distinguished composer of Chinese style poetry; the Great Saiin Priestess, Imperial Princess Senshi, whose name appeared in "The Pillow Book" and "The Murasaki Shikibu Diary"; the Rokujo Saiin, Imperial Princess Baishi, who held many tanka poetry contests; and Imperial Princess Shikishi, who became an accomplished poet of the Shin Kokinwakashu (the New Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry).
Japanese: 女流漢詩人として著名な初代有智子内親王に始まり、『枕草子』『紫式部日記』にもその名が登場する大斎院選子内親王、数多い歌合を主催した六条斎院ばい子内親王、新古今和歌集を代表する歌人式子内親王など、歴代の斎院は文雅で名を馳せた人物が多い。
English: According to one tradition, FUJIWARA no Shoshi ordered Murasaki Shikibu to write a new interesting story Imperial Princess Shikishi had asked for; that was the birth of "The Tale of Genji."
Japanese: また『源氏物語』は選子内親王から何か珍しい物語をと所望された藤原彰子が、紫式部に新しい作品を書くよう命じて生まれたとの伝承がある。
English: The deep cultural relationship between Saiin and the Imperial Court (especially "Kokyu" - the inner palace reserved for women) can be found in "The Pillow Book" in a scene where Imperial Princess Senshi and FUJIWARA no Teishi exchange letters.
Japanese: 『枕草子』にも選子内親王と藤原定子の文の贈答の場面が見られるなど、宮中（とりわけ後宮）と斎院との文化交流の豊かさが伺える。
English: It is also particularly noteworthy that Hikaru Genji's cousin, Asagao no Saiin, who appears in "The Tale of Genji," is set up as a Saiin Priestess from a female relative of the Emperor, actually rare in the case of Saiin.
Japanese: なお、『源氏物語』には光源氏の従姉妹の朝顔斎院が登場するが、現実の斎院では稀な女王に設定されている点が注目される。
English: Saiin and Saigu Priestesses, or princesses who were former Saiin or Saigu Priestesses often appear in "The Tale of Sagoromo," which may suggest that this book was probably written by Rokujo Saiin no Senji, a court lady serving Imperial Princess Baishi.
Japanese: また禖子内親王に仕えた女房の六条斎院宣旨は『狭衣物語』の作者と言われ、それを反映してか作中には斎院、斎宮またはその前任者の皇女が多く登場する。
English: Although Saiin became part of the flourishing court culture, it was often discontinued during the late Heian period due to the Taira-Minamoto War.
Japanese: 華やかな宮廷文化の一角を担った斎院も、平安末期になると源平の争乱でしばしば途絶するようになる。
English: After Imperial Princess Reishi was dismissed, the Saiin Priestess system completely ended due to the turmoil during the Jokyu Disturbance or lack of finance in the Imperial Household, and was not restored until recently.
Japanese: そして礼子内親王退下の後、承久の乱の混乱と皇室の資金不足で斎院制度は廃絶、その後現代に至るまで復活することはなかった。
English: In addition, 'Saio dai,' which has now acquired wide popularity during the Aoi Festival, literally means the representative of the Saio or the Saiin Priestess, and recalls the good old days of the Kamo Festival.
Japanese: なお、現在葵祭で人気を集める「斎王代」は、読んで字の如く斎王（＝斎院）の代理という意味であり、往時の賀茂祭の華やかな面影を今に見ることができる。
English: Hoshinno was an Imperial Prince who became a priest and renounced the world remaining within the imperial court.
Japanese: 法親王(ほっしんのう)とは、日本の皇室において出家して僧籍となった親王のこと。
English: Until the Heian period, the Shinno who became a priest was called Nudo Shinno, Hoshi Shinno, and Zenji Shinno, but since the Prince of Emperor Shirakawa was given an order to become Shinno by the emperor after becoming a priest and came to be called Kakugyo Hosshinno, the title took hold as a title for imperial family members who became Shinno after becoming a priest.
Japanese: 平安時代まで出家した親王は、入道親王、法師親王、禅師親王と呼称していたが、白河天皇の皇子が　出家後に親王宣下を受けたことで、覚行法親王と呼ばれて以来、出家後に親王になった皇族の称として定着した。
English: However, in the case where a Shinno who was ordered to become a Shinno by the emperor later became a priest, he was called a Nudo Shinno, but the usage of this distinction later gradually disappeared, and it became used in a broad sense as the meaning of Shinno who had renounced the world.
Japanese: これに対して親王宣下を受けた親王が後に出家した場合には入道親王と呼称していたが、後にその用例の区別は次第になくなり、広く僧籍にある親王の意味で用いられるようになった。
English: Hoshinno played the part of Monzeki (a temple at which the head priest had always been a member of the imperial family or nobility) that had a deep connection with the imperial court until the end of the Edo period, the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, but at the beginning of the Meiji Restoration, the imperial family resigned from the priesthood one after the other, and Ninnajinomiya Sumihito Hoshinno became secular again as Imperial Prince Komatsunomiya Akihito, Rinnojinomiya Kogen Hoshinno as Imperial Prince Kitashirakawanomiya Yoshihisa, Chioninnomiya Sonshu Hosshinno as Imperial Prince Kachonomiya Hirotsune and Kajiinomiya Kakujun Nyudo Shinno as Imperial Prince Nashimotonomiya Moriosa, and as a result from the Meiji period, Shinno who had become a priest, disappeared and the title Hoshinno was no longer used.
Japanese: 法親王は幕末まで皇室と縁の深い門跡の任を務める役割を果たしていたが、明治時代初頭、明治維新がはじると僧籍の皇族は次々に還俗し、仁和寺宮純仁法親王が小松宮彰仁親王、輪王寺宮公現法親王が北白川宮能久親王、知恩院宮尊秀法親王が華頂宮博経親王、梶井宮覚諄入道親王が後に梨本宮守脩親王として世俗に戻るなどして、明治以降は僧籍の親王はいなくなり、法親王の呼称も用いられなくなった。
English: Buketenso was one of the job titles within the Imperial Court from Muromachi to the Edo period.
Japanese: 武家伝奏（ぶけてんそう）は、室町時代から江戸時代にかけての朝廷における職名の一つ。
English: During the Muromachi period, the buketenso handled communications between the court nobles and samurai, giving notice of changes in the name of an era, and appointment of a rank.
Japanese: 室町時代には武家伝奏が改元や任官を幕府に通告し、公武間の意思疎通を図った。
English: Since Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA had become shogun, buketenso played a role of transmitting the political requirements from the Muromachi-dono, or the shogun, to the Court.
Japanese: また、足利義満以後武家伝奏を経由して室町殿の政治的要求を朝廷に伝える役目を果たした。
English: The function of the buketenso was established after the Eisho era in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan).
Japanese: ただし、武家伝奏の形態が固まったのは戦国時代(日本)の永正年間以後である。
English: During the Edo period, two people, the fixed number of positions were appointed by the bakufu and given 250 hyo as an executive allowance and some money or textiles as a salary.
Japanese: 江戸時代に定員は2名で、武家伝奏の職には幕府が任命し、役料はそれぞれ250俵(単位)が与えられ、この他に官位禄物の配当があった。
English: Under the control of the Edo bakufu, it was set up in 1603 and lasted to the end of the Edo period in 1867.
Japanese: 江戸幕府の下では、1603年（慶長8年）に設置され、幕末の1867年（慶応3年）まで続いた。
English: Under the control of the Edo bakufu, a court noble of the dainagon (Major Counselor) class, who was an academically superior and eloquent speaker, was appointed to the job and requested by the Kyoto shoshidai (the Kyoto deputy) to present a paper sealed in blood.
Japanese: 江戸幕府の元では学問に優れて弁舌が巧みな大納言級の公卿が任じられ、就任の際には京都所司代より血判提出を求められた。
English: As the bakufu actively intervened into the governing affairs of the Imperial Court, which became administered by mutual consent amongst the Sekkan family (line of regents and advisers), the giso (position conveying what the congress decides to the emperor), and the buketenso.
Japanese: 幕府による朝政への介入が強まると、摂関家・議奏と武家伝奏の合議で朝廷の運営が行われるようになった。
English: Under the ritsuryo system, it was granted mainly to naidaijin (Minister of the Center), kurodo no betto (Super intendant of the Chamberlain's office), as well as the legal wife of minister.
Japanese: 律令制下において従二位は、主に内大臣や蔵人別当の位とされ、大臣の正室などもこの位が贈られた。
English: One of the notable was TAIRA no Tokiko, the legal wife of TAIRA no Kiyomori, who was granted junii and called Nii-no-ama.
Japanese: 著名なのは平清盛の正室である平時子であり従二位に叙せられ、二位尼と称されている。
English: Junii was such a high rank for court nobles that members of the Shogun family had not received it even among samurai during the Kamakura period through to the Muromachi period, except for the midaidokoro, the legal wife of the Shogun, being granted the rank the first since Masako HOJO
Japanese: 従二位は公卿の位階としても高位であり、武士の間では鎌倉時代から室町時代にかけては、北条政子以来、将軍の正室である御台所に与えられることはあっても、将軍の一門ですら叙せられることはなかった。
English: The one in charge of kanrei (shogunal deputy) in the Muromachi bakufu was promoted up to the rank of sanmi, the Kamakura kubo, the Ashikaga shogun family, was granted jusanmi.
Japanese: 足利将軍家の一門たる鎌倉公方も従三位であり、たとえ室町幕府管領の職にある者であっても最高位は三位どまりであった。
English: As the Sengoku Period (the Period of Warring States) started, regulation of the Muromachi bakufu which had been responsible for conferring ranks and titles collapsed, then gradually the powerful daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) actively contributed money directly to the Imperial Court to seek office, resulting in an unprecedented appointment and Yoshitaka OUCHI, the most powerful shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable), was granted junii.
Japanese: 戦国時代に入ると、武士の官途を担っていた室町幕府の統制が崩れ、次第に有力大名が時下に朝廷に献金し猟官運動を行うことが盛んになり、西国一の有力守護大内義隆が従二位に叙せられる異例の叙位がなされている。
English: Furthermore, since Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI had received an imperial proclamation to become kanpaku (chief advisor to the Emperor), and powerful families and their vassals were promoted to junii, some samurai were ranked equal to or higher than nii (Second Rank).
Japanese: さらに、豊臣秀吉が関白宣下を受けて以降、次第に有力な一門や家臣が従二位に昇り、二位以上に昇る武士も登場するようになった。
English: After the Edo period, the Tokugawa clan and the families reached gokui (their best rank) and gokkan (their best position), for example the Tokugawa gosanke (the three privileged branches of the Tokugawa family) and gosankyo (the other three Tokugawa families) were promoted as high as junii dainagon (chief councilor of state).
Japanese: 江戸時代以降は徳川将軍家の一門たる徳川御三家、御三卿が従二位大納言に昇る例がみられるなど、徳川姓を名乗る一門の極位極官ともなった。
English: Yasedoji, Yasenodoji, or Hasedoji was a group of people who lived in Rakuhoku Yasego, the Yase Village in the northern Kyoto (present day Yase, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture) serving as Yotei (koshi carrier) for the Emperor from the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 八瀬童子（やせどうじ、やせのどうじ、はせどうじ）は京都洛北八瀬郷（現在の京都府京都市左京区八瀬）に住み、室町時代から天皇の輿丁として奉仕した人々のこと。
English: The Yasedoji were considered descendants of Oni (a creature from Japanese folklore) whom Dengyo Daishi Saicho (Buddhist Monk named Saicho with the posthumous title of Dengyo Daishi) employed in Doji mura (village) as a domestic laborer for the Enryaku-ji Temple.
Japanese: 延暦寺の雑役に従事した童子村で伝教大師最澄が使役した鬼の子孫とされる。
English: Those who engaged in the temple chores had their hair hanging loose, were disheveled; and were like children wearing sandals, so they were called Doji (a child).
Japanese: 寺役に従事する者は結髪せず、長い髪を垂らしたいわゆる大童であり、履物も草履をはいた子供のような姿であったため童子と呼ばれた。
English: To maintain the tradition of the Yasedoji, people involved established the Yasedoshi-kai (the association of the Yasedoji), which collects and keeps related materials.
Japanese: 現在、八瀬童子の伝統を守るため関係者によって八瀬童子会が組織され、資料の収集保全が進められている。
English: In the Aoi Festival, members of the Yasedoshi-kai dress up as Yotei, recalling the way the Yasedoji served as koshi carriers for the Emperor.
Japanese: また、葵祭には輿丁の扮装で参加し、天皇の輿丁として奉仕した往時の姿をしのばせている。
English: During the Jinshin War in 672, Prince Oama, who was shot in the back with an arrow, built a steam bath to heal his wound; the place was called 'Yase' (矢背) in which 'ya' means 'an arrow' and 'se' means 'the back,' or '癒背' (healing the back), it then became known as 'Yase' (八瀬).
Japanese: 弘文天皇元年（672年）の壬申の乱の際、背中に矢を受けた大海人皇子がこの地にかま風呂を作り傷を癒したことから「矢背」または「癒背」と呼ばれ、転じて「八瀬」となったという。
English: Based on this legend, many steam baths were later built, and were known as hot spring resorts, mainly for the Court nobles after the Middle ages in Japan.
Japanese: この伝承にちなんで後に多くの窯風呂が作られ、中世以降、主に公家の湯治場として知られた。
English: From the historical viewpoint, the legend concerning Prince Oama is mostly denied, and the name of Yase probably comes from geographical features of the Takano River Basin.
Japanese: 歴史学的な見地からは大海人皇子に関する伝承はほぼ否定されており、八瀬の地名は高野川流域の地形によるものであるとされている。
English: When Emperor Godaigo, who had escaped from Kyoto, fled to Mt. Hiei in 1336, the heads of thirteen families in Yasego carried koshi and took up arrows to guard the Emperor.
Japanese: 延元元年（1336年）、京を脱出した後醍醐天皇が比叡山に逃れる際、八瀬郷13戸の戸主が輿を担ぎ、弓矢を取って奉護した。
English: For these achievements, they received rinji (the Emperor's order) that they would be permanently exemption from taxation and labor duties, and only those chosen served the Court as Yotei, mainly going in for koshi carrier on the occasion of departure or a funeral of the Emperor and the Cloistered Emperor.
Japanese: この功績により地租課役の永代免除の綸旨を受け、特に選ばれた者が輿丁として朝廷に出仕し天皇や太上天皇の行幸、葬送の際に輿を担ぐことを主な仕事とした。
English: As the Yasedoji had common rights on the estate of Enryaku-ji Temple, they enjoyed the privilege of selling firewood, charcoal or woodwork inside the capital.
Japanese: 比叡山の寺領に入会権を持ち洛中での薪炭、木工品の販売に特権を認められた。
English: In 1569, Nobunaga ODA issued a letter to secure the privileges of the Yasego, and the establishment of the Edo bakufu in 1603, Emperor Goyozei also issued an order ensuring the privileges of the Yasego would continue.
Japanese: 永禄12年（1569年）、織田信長は八瀬郷の特権を保護する安堵状を与え、慶長8年（1603年）、江戸幕府の成立に際しても後陽成天皇が八瀬郷の特権は旧来どおりとする綸旨を下している。
English: The Yasego and the Enryaku-ji Temple often had disputes over the border between the temple estate and the village zone; however, after Monk Imperial Prince Koben became Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect), he urged the bakufu to acknowledge the abolition of the Yasego's common rights with his political power.
Japanese: 延暦寺と八瀬郷は寺領と村地の境界をめぐってしばしば争ったが、公弁法親王が天台座主に就任すると、その政治力を背景に幕府に八瀬郷の入会権の廃止を認めさせた。
English: In response, the Yasego requested a retraction many times, but it was denied, and then in 1707, Senior councillor, Takatomo AKIMOTO, finally made a decision.
Japanese: これに対し八瀬郷は再三にわたり復活を願い出るが認められず、宝永4年（1707年）になってようやく老中、秋元喬朝が裁定を下した。
English: It was concluded in such a way that the Enryaku-ji Temple's estate was transferred to some other place, and the former temple's estate and the village zone shifted to the sacred precincts of the Imperial Court; thus, the Yasego's common rights were secured by the Imperial Court's discretion.
Japanese: 延暦寺の寺領を他に移し旧寺領・村地を禁裏領に付替えることによって、朝廷の裁量によって八瀬郷の入会権を保護するという方法で解決した。
English: People in the Yasego felt grateful for his decision, and erected the Akimoto-jinja Shrine dedicated to Akitomo, and held a festival to praise his virtue.
Japanese: 八瀬郷はこの恩に報いるため秋元を祭神とする秋元神社を建立し徳をたたえる祭礼を行った。
English: This festival centering on a dedicatory dance called 'Shamenchi odori' (the Shamenchi Dance) is now held (on Sunday preceding the second Monday in October every year).
Japanese: この祭礼は「赦免地踊」と呼ばれる踊りの奉納を中心とするもので、現在でも続いている（毎年10月の第2月曜日の前日にあたる日曜日）。
English: Since the Yasedoji were introduced in the book titled, "Tenno no Kageboshi" (A Silhouette of the Emperor) written by Naoki INOSE, they have been well known for carrying coffins of successive Emperors; however, they did not carry all the Emperor's coffins from Emperor Godaigo onward in fact, and especially in the early-modern times, they discontinued their service for a long time.
Japanese: 猪瀬直樹の『天皇の影法師』で紹介されて以来、歴代天皇の棺を担ぐ者として有名になったが、実際には後醍醐天皇以降の全ての天皇の棺を担いだわけではなく、特に近世においては長く断絶した期間もあった。
English: At the funeral of Emperor Meiji in 1912, there was some trouble over which military escort from the army or navy should carry the coffin from the palace in mourning to the funeral hall; a compromise was that the custom of the Yasedoji serving as carrier for Sokaren (palanquin on which the Emperor's coffin is placed) was revived.
Japanese: 大正元年（1912年）、明治天皇の葬送にあたり、喪宮から葬礼場まで棺を陸海軍いずれの儀仗兵によって担がせるかをめぐって紛糾し、その調停案として八瀬童子を葱華輦（天皇の棺を載せた輿）の輿丁とする慣習が復活した。
English: After the Meiji Restoration, they were deprived of the privilege of a land tax exemption; however, they followed precedent, such that they were granted money equivalent to the amount of land tax from the Emperor.
Japanese: 明治維新後には地租免除の特権は失われていたが、毎年地租相当額の恩賜金を支給することで旧例にならった。
English: At the funeral of Emperor Showa in 1989, the coffin was carried in a car, and the Sokaren was used only to transfer the coffin inside the funeral hall.
Japanese: 平成元年（1989年）、昭和天皇の葬送では棺は車輌によって運ばれることとなり、葱華輦は式場内の移送にのみ用いられることとなった。
English: The Yasedoshi-kai requested that the role of Yotei be performed by the Yasedoji as in the past; however, it was rejected because of security reasons, and the Imperial guards became Yotei in historical costumes.
Japanese: 八瀬童子会は旧例の通り八瀬童子に輿丁を任せるよう宮内庁に要請したが警備上の理由から拒否され、輿丁には皇宮護衛官が古式の装束を着てあたった。
English: Several members from the Yasedoshi-kai served as advisers only when the coffin was transferred from the car to the Sokaren.
Japanese: 八瀬童子会からは数名の代表者が車両から葱華輦に棺を乗せかえる際などに顧問として関与するに止まった。
English: "Hana to Hi no Mikado" (Emperor of A Flower and Fire) written by Keiichiro RYU, Kodansha Bunko Vol. 1 ISBN 406185495X, Vol. 2 ISBN 4061854968
Japanese: 『花と火の帝』隆慶一郎(著)講談社文庫上巻ISBN406185495X下巻ISBN4061854968
English: Originally there was only the Emonfu, but it was temporarily abolished in 808 due to its integration with Eshifu (whose functions were the same as those of Emonfu); then in 811, Emonfu was restored along with the renaming of Sayu Eshifu (left and right division of the outer palace gate guard), and.Saemonfu (left division of outer palace gate guard) and Uemonfu (right division of outer palace guard) were positioned there.
Japanese: 当初は1つであったが、大同_(日本)3年（808年）に（左右）衛士府と統合されて一旦廃止され、弘仁3年（811年）に左右衛士府の改称に伴って復置された際、左衛門府と右衛門府の２つが置かれた。
English: Emonfu was also called 'Yugehi no tsukasa' in the Japanese way by using the kanji character for 'yugei' (gate guard).
Japanese: 和訓にて「ゆげひのつかさ」と呼び、「靫負」という漢字をあてる場合がある。
English: In the beginning Emonfu was called 'Goefu' (five guards) along with the Sayu (left and right) Eshifu and Sayu Hyoe-fu (division of the middle palace gate guard); after restoration, it was called 'Rokuefu' (six guards) along with the Sayu Konoefu (division of the inner palace guard) and the Sayu Hyoe-fu.
Japanese: 当初、(左右)衛士府、(左右)兵衛府とあわせて「五衛府」と呼ばれ、復置後は(左右)近衛府、(左右)兵衛府とあわせて「六衛府」と呼ばれる。
English: For the purpose of convenience, Emonfu before integration is described as 'the former period,' and Emonfu after being renamed is described as 'the latter period' in this article.
Japanese: ここでは便宜上、衛士府統合以前を「前期」、衛士府の改称による復置以後を「後期」と表記する。
English: As the role of guarding the kyujo gate (place where the Emperor lives) was continuously assumed by a clan from ancient times, the post was named Emonfu ("e" meaning "to guard," "mon" meaning "gate," and "fu" meaning "division").
Japanese: 太古より宮城の門の警備を担ってきた氏族であることから、衛門府と称せられた。
English: The post was renamed Shimone in 758 (the Emperor Junnin) as a part of trend towards Chinese style official names by FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, but in 764 (the Emperor Shotoku) the post was again renamed Emonfu after the downfall of FUJIWARA no Nakamaro.
Japanese: 758年（天平宝字2年・淳仁天皇）に、藤原仲麻呂による官号の唐風化の一環として司門衛と改称したが、藤原仲麻呂失脚後の764年（称徳天皇）に再度、衛門府に改称される。
English: The post was merged into Sayu Eshifu on July 22, 808, and with this Sayu Eshifu was standardized.
Japanese: 808年（大同3年）7月22日に左右衛士府に併合されることによって、左右衛士府として一本化される。
English: the post was promoted to Jushiinoge (Lower Grade Junior Fourth Rank) on June 9, 799 and was established;
Japanese: 延暦18年（799年）4月27日に、従四位下に昇叙し、以後、定着する。
English: the post was promoted to Jugoinojo (Upper Grade Junior Fifth Rank) on June 9, 799 and was established;
Japanese: 延暦18年（799年）4月27日に、従五位上に昇叙し、以後、定着する。
English: Left and right Eshifu were reorganized and renamed on November 28, 811, and left and right Emonfu was inaugurated.
Japanese: 811年（弘仁2年）11月28日に、左右衛士府を改組・改称して左右衛門府として発足。
English: Left and right Emonfu's official duty was to guard the outer baileys of the kyujo (baileys that are outward the Kenshun Gate, Kenrei Gate, Gishu Gate, Sakuhei Gate of Daidairi (inside the palace), and those which are inward the Yomei Gate, Inpu Gate, Suzaku Gate, and Ikan Gate of Daidairi).
Japanese: 宮城外郭（大内裏のうち、建春門・建礼門・宜秋門・朔平門より外側で陽明門・殷富門・朱雀門・偉鑒門より内側）を警備することが職掌。
English: the regular number began with two persons each for the left and right, but appointees for the job grade were lessened along with the decline of the power of fu (state)).
Japanese: 定員は左右各2名であったが、府の権能の衰微によって任官者が無くなっていく。）
English: the regular number began with two persons each for the left and right, but appointees for the job grade were lessened along with the decline of the power of fu).
Japanese: 定員は左右各2名であったが、府の権能の衰微によって任官者が無くなっていく。）
English: Naishoryo is one of the ranks outside the Ritsuryo system belonging to the Nakatsukasa-sho (Ministry of Central Affairs) under the Ritsuryo system.
Japanese: 内匠寮（ないしょうりょう）は律令制において中務省に属する令外官の一つである。
English: Furthermore, the scale was expanded by placing imonono tsukasa (casting bureau) of the Okura-sho under the Ritsuryo system of the Okura-sho in 774, and by merging the gakoshi (painting bureau) of the Nakatsukasa-sho and the nuribeshi (lacquering bureau) of the Okura-sho in 808.
Japanese: また宝亀5年（774年）に大蔵省律令制における大蔵省典鋳司を、大同(日本)3年（808年）には中務省画工司と大蔵省漆部司を合併して規模を拡大した。
English: Naishoryo was considered to be an imitation of the Shofugen which was the government craft center in the Tang Dynasty, and it had another name; 'Shofu.'
Japanese: 内匠寮は唐代の官営工房である少府監（しょうふげん）の模倣と考えられ、別称も「少府」という。
English: This bureau is characterized by operations conducted by various artisans (Zoshiki tsukurite - various craftspeople) instead of using the system of government officials of the ancient Japanese Ritsuryo system.
Japanese: 本寮の特色として日本古来の律令制期の官吏制度を使わず様々な職人（雑色作手）によって運営されている点である。
English: After the mid Heian period, official duties were gradually replaced by posts such as Tsukumodokoro (the post responsible for procuring furnishing goods for the Imperial Court), Mokkoryo (Bureau of Carpentry), and Shurishiki (Office of Palace Repairs), and gradually became a mere facade.
Japanese: 平安時代中期を過ぎると次第に職掌を作物所（つくもどころ）や木工寮・修理職に奪われ形骸化していった。
English: They were the ones who followed the lead of the Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") and went together with him when he attended a banquet at the palace or visited somebody else's home.
Japanese: 征夷大将軍が殿中における宴席や他家訪問の際に随従・相伴する人々の事。
English: As they were limited to the family of kanrei (deputy to the shogun) and the influential shugo daimyo, became a valuable social status, also reflected in the office organization inside the bakufu, were given the order of precedence after the kanrei.
Japanese: 管領の一族や有力守護大名に限定されていたため、一種の社会的身分としての価値が生じて幕府内の職制にも反映されて管領に次ぐ席次を与えられるようになった。
English: The custom of the shugo daimyo following Seii taishogun's lead was established around the era of Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, but it is estimated that Shobanshu as a status and position was established during the era of Eikyo of Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
Japanese: 将軍の外出などに守護大名が随従する慣習は足利義満の頃には成立していたが、役職・身分としての相伴衆の成立は足利義教の永享年間であると推定されている。
English: However, during the period of the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan) the appointment of more local warlords who were not from the shugo daimyo, who did not follow the Seii taishogun's lead by staying in Kyoto such as Takakage ASAKURA (the 10th family head) and Ujiyasu HOJO increased, and the meaning as a position was diluted and continued to exist only as a formal title representing the status of a feudal lord.
Japanese: だが、戦国時代_(日本)に入ると、朝倉孝景(10代当主)や北条氏康など守護大名ではなくかつ在京して将軍に随従する事もない地方の戦国大名が任じられる例も増えて、役職としての意味合いは希薄化して大名の格式を示す身分としてのみ存在するようになる。
English: Moreover, Nagayoshi MIYOSHI, who was originally a vassal of the Hosokawa clan, was appointed as Shobanshu by Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA and, using the authority of this status, assumed control over the shogunate administration acting in the position of kanrei.
Japanese: また、本来は細川氏の家臣であった三好長慶が足利義輝より相伴衆に任じられてその身分的権威をもって管領の役職を代行して幕政の実権を握っている。
English: Seito taishogun was a military official temporarily set up by the new government during the Boshin Civil War.
Japanese: 征討大将軍(せいとうたいしょうぐん)とは、戊辰戦争において新政府が設置した臨時軍政官のこと。