nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In 1545, he entered into an alliance with Norimasa UESUGI, Haruuji ASHIKAGA (one of the Kogakubo, who were descendants of one of the Ashikaga families and held the office of the regional administrator in Kanto), and others to assemble a vast allied force consisting of some 80 thousand soldiers, and proceeded to attack Kawagoe-jo Castle in concert with Yoshimoto IMAGAWA, the ruler of Suruga Province.
Japanese: 天文14年（1545年）には駿河国の今川義元と連携し、上杉憲政や古河公方の足利晴氏らと連合した8万の大軍で河越城を攻める。
English: On May 29, 1546, however, Ujiyasu, who had made haste for Kawagoe-jo Castle intending to attack the enemy from the rear, launched a suprise assault on the allied forces.
Japanese: しかし天文15年（1546年）4月20日、河越城の後詰にかけつけた氏康の奇襲に遭った。
English: In the Battle of Kawagoe-jo Castle (the so-called Night Battle of Kawagoe), though the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi force fought bravely, Tomosada, the head of the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi family, died on the battlefield, and the remains of the allied forces were scattered, shattering Tomosada's dream of recapturing Kawagoe-jo Castle.
Japanese: 河越城の戦い（いわゆる河越夜戦）で扇谷上杉軍は善戦するも当主朝定は討死、他の連合軍は四散し河越城奪還の夢は砕かれた。
English: For a while, Norikatsu UESUGI of a collateral branch of the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi family made efforts toward restoring the line with the support of Kenshin UESUGI; however, Norikatsu surrendered to the Gohojo clan after a short time.
Japanese: 一時、扇谷家庶流筋の上杉憲勝が上杉謙信の後援により再興をはかったが、まもなく後北条氏に屈服している。
English: His family was a branch of the Sasaki clan (also known as the Kyogoku clan) which was descended from the Uda-Genji lineage (descendents of Emperor Uda who had been given the surname Minamoto) and belonged to the Amago clan.
Japanese: 家系は宇多源氏の流れを汲む佐々木氏（京極氏）の支流で、尼子氏の一門である。
English: The name Shikanosuke was meant to be written with the two characters "鹿介," but was written by the three characters "鹿之助" in historical tales and the like, which resulted in his becoming known by the written name "山中鹿之介," using the wrong characters.
Japanese: 講談の類で鹿之助とされたため一般には山中鹿之介（しかのすけ）なる誤った表記で知られる。
English: Whereas the years referred to below follow the Julian calendar, all the months and dates (except when following a year from the Julian calendar) follow the Japanese calendar (more specifically, the choreki (a document that retroactively specifies ancient dates/months/years according to a certain calendar) based on the Senmyo Calendar (a variation of the lunar calendar that was created in ancient China)).
Japanese: 文中の（）の年はユリウス暦、月日は西暦部分を除いて全て和暦、宣明暦の長暦による。
English: According to historical tales and the like, he served as one of the Ten Brave Warriors of the Amago Clan during the strife occurring when Yoshihisa AMAGO was beseiged by Motonari MORI, gradually losing his power.
Japanese: 講談などによると、尼子義久が毛利元就に攻められ、次第に勢力を奪われていく中で、尼子十勇士の一人として活躍したという。
English: Regardless of whether or not the foregoing is true, the only activities of Yukimori's that have been made clear to posterity are those which took place after the downfall of the daimyo in the Sengoku period, Amago clan as the result of that capitulation of Yoshihisa AMAGO to the Mori clan in 1566.
Japanese: いずれにせよ活動が明らかに知られるのは永禄9年（1566年）に尼子義久が毛利氏に降り、戦国大名尼子氏が滅びて以降のことである。
English: There is a well known anecdote passed down through tales and the like recounting that when the Amago clan was on the decline, Shikanosuke prayed to the moon for the restoration of their former status, saying, 'I would rather sustain all kinds of troubles myself than see the clan of my lord fall into ruin.'
Japanese: 尼子氏が衰亡していく中、御家再興のため、鹿介が「願わくば、我に七難八苦を与えたまえ」と三日月に祈った逸話は講談などによりよく知られる。
English: Duration: from 1568 until August 21, 1571 (from the age of 24 through 27 years old)
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年・24歳）-元亀2年（1571年8月21日・27歳）
English: In 1568, he had Katsuhisa AMAGO, a grandson of Kunihisa AMAGO's who was a Buddhist priest in Kyoto, leave the priesthood so that Shikanosuke could install him as the head of the Amago clan as part of his efforts to restore the Amago clan to its former status.
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年）、鹿介は尼子氏を再興するために京都で僧籍にあった尼子国久の孫尼子勝久を還俗させて擁立した。
English: The Amago Remnant Corps (a group of retainers set adrift by the downfall of the Amago clan), including Hisatsuna TACHIHARA, Masamitsu YOKOJI, USHIO Danjo no jo ("danjo no jo" derives from a judicial post called, "jo," the equivalent of a judge, in the "Danjo," the Ministry of Justice), Kurodo MITOYA (三刀屋蔵人), and Jinkuro ENDO, relied on KAKIYA Harima no kami (the foregoing "Harima no kami" refers to the Governor of Harima Province), who was the chief retainer of Toyosuke YAMANA, to make their passage through Tajima Province, and then took refuge in Oki with the aid of Yamatonosuke NASA.
Japanese: 立原久綱・横道正光・牛尾弾正忠・三刀屋蔵人・遠藤甚九郎ら尼子遺臣団は、山名豊祐の家老垣屋播磨守を頼り、但馬国を経由し奈佐日本之介の手を借りて隠岐に依る。
English: In 1569, the Amago Remnant Corps occupied Chuyama, Izumo Province, located on the coast (Sea of Japan), with the cooperation of Tamekiyo OKI, a powerful family in Oki Province.
Japanese: 隠岐の豪族・隠岐為清の協力を得て、永禄12年（1569年）には海浜の出雲忠山を占領する。
English: The Amago Remnant Corps then absorbed the former Amago retainers who were then residing in Izumo, and captured Niyama-jo Castle to use as its headquarters.
Japanese: その後、出雲の尼子遺臣の勢力を吸収し、新山城を攻略してここに本営を設置。
English: The Amago Remnant Corps extended its power to the extent that it was on the verge of gaining possession of the entirety of Izumo Province, with the exception of Gassan Toda-jo Castle, which was the base of the Mori clan.
Japanese: 毛利氏の拠点となっていた月山富田城を除き、出雲一国をほぼ手中に収めんとするまでに勢力を伸張した。
English: However, its followers committed depredations, plundering Inaba and other places (according to 'Inaba Mindanki' (a geographical description of Inaba)), which, combined with other factors, rendered the Amago Remnant Corps unable to maintain its control over the area.
Japanese: しかし、配下の略奪行為が因幡でも見られる（「因幡民談記」より）など統制維持が乱れた。
English: Then, Tamekiyo OKI defected from the Amago Remnant Corps, and they suffered defeat in the Battle of Fubeyama, which resulted in a remarkable decline in their power, bringing about the fall of Niyama-jo Castle, their last foothold, in August 1571.
Japanese: その後は隠岐為清の離反を招き、布部山の戦いに敗北すると衰勢著しく、元亀2年（1571年）8月には最後の拠点であった新山城が落城する。
English: It is said, however, that while in custody, Shikanosuke went to the toilet many times, feigning a stomachache, and escaped through the toilet with his body covered in excrement, eluding the less than vigilant guard, and fleeing to Kyoto together with Katsuhisa.
Japanese: ところがこの時、腹痛を装って何度も厠に入り、油断した監視の目を逃れるために厠から糞にまみれながらも脱走したといい、勝久とともに再び京都に逃れた。
English: Duration: from August 1572 until May 4, 1576 (from the age of 28 through 32 years old)
Japanese: 元亀3年（1572年8月・28歳）-天正4年（1576年5月4日・32歳）
English: It is said that, upon returning to Kyoto, Shikanosuke and company had an audience with Nobunaga ODA, during which they swore an oath to lead the charge in the attack on the Chugoku region.
Japanese: 京へ戻った鹿介らは、織田信長に謁し、中国攻めの先方となることを誓ったとされる。
English: The Amago Remnant Corps joined forces with the Yamana clan, intent on restoring the Amago clan to their former status, and fought against Takanobu TAKEDA, who had rebelled against the Yamana clan and was holed up in Tottori-jo Castle; after that, they fought on successive fronts in Inaba Province, wining a decisive victory in the battle at Koshikiyama-jo Castle.
Japanese: 尼子遺臣団は尼子氏再興の志を秘めて山名氏の軍勢に加わり、山名氏に謀叛して鳥取城に篭った武田高信と闘い、因幡国を転戦、甑山城での戦いにて決定的な勝利を得た。
English: During this peroid, the distribution of power shifted frequently, in part due to the fact that the Yamana clan was at the mercy of the two major powers of the Mori clan and the Oda clan.
Japanese: この頃の山陰は勢力地図が頻繁に変わる時代であったが、その一つの要因は、山名氏が毛利と織田の二大勢力に翻弄されていたことにある。
English: Through secret communications with the Oda clan, the Amago Remnant Corps managed to sever its ties with the Yamana clan, which had been siding with the Mori at the time.
Japanese: 織田氏と気脈を通じていた尼子遺臣団は、当時毛利寄りであった山名氏を離反する。
English: Around 1574, the Amago Remnant Corps captured castles in Inaba Province, and secured Wakasa Oniga-jo Castle and Ichiba-jo Castle with the aid of Munekage URAGMI, who was on Oda's side.
Japanese: 天正2年（1574年）頃には因幡国の諸城を攻略し、織田方の浦上宗景の助力もあって若桜鬼ヶ城・市場城を確保。
English: In September 1575, however, Mori forces captured Kisaichi-jo Castle, which resulted in the surender of the Yokoji brothers, Hisayori MORIWAKI, Oinosuke USHIO, and other members of the Amago Remnant Corps who had long been in the service of the Amago clan, to the Mori clan.
Japanese: しかし、天正3年（1575年）9月には毛利方が私都城を攻略し、古くからの尼子遺臣であった横道兄弟・森脇久仍・牛尾大炊助らが毛利氏に降るという事態が発生した。
English: Moreover, Nobunaga ODA told Motoharu KIKKAWA in 1576 that he would not shelter Shikanosuke, probably because of the changed circumstances.
Japanese: また、天正4年（1576年）には情勢の変化からか、織田信長は鹿介を庇護しない旨を吉川元春に伝えている。
English: The Amago Remnant Corps was thereby simultaneously deprived of prominent retainers of the Amago clan and a patron, which made it impossible for the corps to hold Wakasa Oniga-jo Castle, and resulted in the remaining members fleeing toward Tanba.
Japanese: 重臣と庇護者を同時に失った尼子遺臣団は、居城の若桜鬼ヶ城を支えることができずに丹波方面へ落ち延びることとなった。
English: It seems that the Oda clan took the foregoing actions with the political objective of temporarily alleviating friction with the Mori clan, under circumstances in which they were engaged in ongoing conflicts on several fronts, such as that of Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 織田氏の処置は、本願寺などの諸勢力との闘いが続く中で、毛利氏との軋轢を一時的に軽減するための政治的な目的があったと考えられる。
English: Duration: from September 27, 1577 until 1578 (from the age of 33 through 34 years old)
Japanese: 天正5年（1577年9月27日・33歳）-天正6年（1578年・34歳）
English: In 1577, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI embarked on an expedition to the Chugoku region, under orders from Nobunaga.
Japanese: 天正5年（1577年）、信長の命により豊臣秀吉の中国遠征が始まった。
English: The Amago Remnant Corps was thereupon dispatched to Harima Province to spearhead the attack, aiming to hold Kozuki-jo Castle and restore the Amago clan to their former status.
Japanese: その先鋒として播磨国に送り込まれ、上月城に拠って尼子氏の再興を目指した。
English: When Kozuki-jo Castle was attacked by the Mori forces, however, the Oda forces withdrew from Harima to make preparations to launch offensives against the Kenshin UESUGI, who resided in the north, and against the Ishiyama Hongan-ji force.
Japanese: しかし、翌天正6年（1578年）に毛利軍に攻められた際、織田軍が北の上杉謙信や石山本願寺の攻勢に備えるため播磨から軍を引いた。
English: This caused Kozuki-jo Castle to become isolated, and put under siege by the Mori force, which was eager to 'Rout the Amago'; as a result, the leader and retainers of the Amago clan were unable to hold the castle, and surrendered (The Battle of Kozuki Castle).
Japanese: そのため、上月城は孤立し、「打倒尼子」の意気に燃える毛利軍の包囲攻撃を喰らい、尼子主従は城を支えきれず降伏した。（上月城の戦い）
English: At that point, Katsuhisa AMAGO, the head of the Amago clan, committed suicide, whereas Shikanosuke did not commit suicide, but submitted to the Mori clan.
Japanese: この時、主君の尼子勝久は自害したが、鹿介は自害せず、毛利氏に降った。
English: Nevertheless, Shikanosuke was murdered at the ferry of Ai (阿井の渡し), located at Ainowatashi (合の渡) in Bitchu Province (Takahashi City in Okayama Prefecture, as it is known today), while being taken to the whereabouts of Terumoto MORI under guard.
Japanese: しかし毛利輝元の下へ護送される途上の備中国合の渡（岡山県高梁市）の阿井の渡しにて謀殺された。
English: The commonly held view is that Shikanosuke was murdered by Motoharu KIKKAWA as a preemptive measure because he deemed it too risky to let him live, believing that Shikanosuke was determined to survive and committed to again attempting to restore the Amago clan.
Japanese: 通説によれば、鹿介は尚も生き延びて、尼子氏を必ずや再興するという執念を胸中に抱いていたため、これを生かしておくと危険と見た吉川元春が先手を打ち、鹿介は殺害されたと言われている。
English: The tomb of Shikanosuke was erected at the scene of his murder, which faces Route 313 near the area where the Takahashi-gawa and Nariwa-gawa Rivers converge in Takahashi City, as it is known today; however, his torso was interred in a burial mound at Kansen-ji Temple by Sangyu (珊牛), the retired chief priest of that temple, and the burial mound remains even to this day in the graveyard of the temple.
Japanese: 殺害現場である現在の高梁市の高梁川と成羽川との合流点付近の国道313号沿いに墓所はあるが、胴体は観泉寺前住珊牛和尚によって埋葬された胴塚が現在も観泉寺墓地に残っている。
English: Shikanosuke's decapitated head was identified by Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, the then 15th shogun of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), who was staying at Tomonoura in Bingo Province, and Terumoto MORI, after which it was interred by the local residents, with all due respect, in a burial mound located in front of the gate of Seikan-ji Temple, remains in the temple grounds to this day.
Japanese: 首級は備後国鞆の浦に在していた時の室町幕府15代将軍足利義昭や毛利輝元により実検が行われ、その後地元の人たちが手厚く葬った首塚が現在も残る（鞆の浦・静観寺山門前）。
English: Shincho Koki (a biography of Nobunaga ODA) contains a passage referring to the fact that Hideyoshi TOYOYMI regretted that Nobunaga had, in effect, let Yukimori YAMANAKA go to his death by not providing him with aid, and expressed his feelings to Nobutada ODA, Nobunaga's eldest son, saying that the way Yukimori had died had injured Nobunaga's reputation.
Japanese: 信長公記には、信長が事実上見殺しにしたことを豊臣秀吉が悔やみ、嫡子の織田信忠に対して「信長の名声に傷がついた」と嘆く一節がある。
English: It can practically be said that Nobunaga's actions toward Shikanosuke and other members of the Amago Remnant Corps were ruthless from the beginning; looking back over the results of Nobunaga's deeds, it may be inferred that they were sacrificed like a piece in a game of chess.
Japanese: もっとも、信長の鹿介ら尼子遺臣団に対する措置は最初から冷酷と言っていいほどで、その事績をたどるとほぼ捨て駒として使われていることが窺われる。
English: In contrast to Nobunaga, Hideyoshi was amicable and sympathetic to the Amago Remnant Corps, as indicated by his remark to Nobutada ODA referred to above.
Japanese: それとは対照的に、秀吉は上記のような発言をしていることからしても尼子遺臣団に対してかなり好意的・同情的であった。
English: However, this could also be interpreted as an attempt by Hideyoshi to manipulate the image of Nobunaga after he assumed control of the Oda family.
Japanese: ただし、これは後に織田家の権力を乗っ取った秀吉による、信長の印象操作であるとの見方もできる。
English: The death of Shikanosuke resulted in the termination of the campaign to restore the status of the Amago clan, but did not lead to the complete dissolution of the Amago Remnant Corps.
Japanese: 鹿介の死は尼子再興運動の終幕ではあったが、尼子遺臣団の完全な解体とはならなかった。
English: Upon the fall of Kozuki-jo Castle, the unit led by Korenori KAMEI, which was obedient to Hideyoshi, escaped danger.
Japanese: 上月城陥落時、亀井茲矩率いる部隊は秀吉に従っていたために難を逃れていたのである。
English: Some members of the Amago Remnant Corps were reorganized into the vassalage of the Kamei family, headed by Korenori KAMEI, and set forth on the path to becoming daimyo in the early modern period.
Japanese: 尼子遺臣団の一部はこの亀井家の家臣団として再編成され近世大名への道を歩み始める。
English: Subsequently, those members of the Amago Remnant Corps fought in the Battle of Sekigahara as the advance guard of the Eastern forces, and were incorporated under the domain system deployed by the Tokugawa shogunate; their descendants maintained this status through to the final days of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Japanese: その後は東軍に属して関ヶ原の戦いでも前衛の部隊として参戦、徳川幕藩体制に組み込まれ、幕末を迎えた。
English: In addition, Kosei-ji Temple (written with the characters "幸盛寺") was established as the family's temple by Korenori KAMEI, who had become the daimyo of Shikano, to retain the family grave of Yukimori YAMANAKA (written by the characters "山中幸盛"); thereafter, his tomb was erected in the precincts of the temple.
Japanese: また、鹿野町の大名となった亀井茲矩の手により、菩提寺として幸盛寺が建立され、その後境内に墓所が建立されている。
English: While Yukimori's behavior can be appreciated to demonstrate ample loyalty, from another point of view, his actions can be seen to have endangered the life of his lord in so far as Yoshihisa AMAGO, who was a direct descendant and head of the Amago family, as well as some of other members of the family, came to be kept under the surveillance of the Mori clan.
Japanese: 幸盛の行動は忠誠心溢れるもののように感じられるが、尼子氏の嫡流で当主である尼子義久らは毛利氏の監視下にあり、ある面から見れば幸盛の行動は主君の命に関わるものでもあった。
English: On the other hand, if that is to be taken into consideration, it can also be said to be true that Yukimori's pledged of loyalty was only to the 'House of Amago' in its capacity as a daimyo family, and not to the 'Amago' blood line.
Japanese: そのことを勘案するならば、幸盛が忠誠を誓ったのは「尼子」の血脈ではなく、あくまで大名家としての「尼子家」であったと言えるかもしれない。
English: In light of the historical facts, there can be little doubt that Yukimori continued fighting, rendering devoted service to the family of his lord, even after it had fallen into ruin.
Japanese: 衰亡した主家に忠誠を尽くして戦い続けたことはほぼ史実が裏付けており、その有り様が後人の琴線に触れ、講談などによる潤色の素地となった。
English: In the Edo period, in particular, he was depicted as a faithful warlord, which led to the creation of the image of 'Shikanosuke YAMANAKA' as an ill-fated hero.
Japanese: 特に江戸時代には忠義の武将としての側面が描かれ、悲運の英雄としての「山中鹿之助」が作られていく。
English: This image became wide spread, and the story of Yukimori praying to the moon in order to take on all kinds of troubles in exchange for the restoration of the Amago clan was adopted in textbooks from the Meiji period, during which Bushido (the way of the samurai) was used as a source of spiritual support for the people.
Japanese: これが世に広く知られ、武士道を精神的な支柱とした明治以降の国民教育の題材として、月に七難八苦を祈った話が教科書に採用された。
English: Yukimoto YAMANAKA (Shinroku KONOIKE), Yukimori's eldest son, abandoned samurai status after his father's death to enter into the sake brewing industry in Kawabe-gun in Settsu Province (Itami City in Hyogo Prefecture, as it is known today); thereafter, he moved to Osaka and founded the Konoike zaibatsu, and became a successful business magnate from the Edo period.
Japanese: なお、長男山中幸元（鴻池新六）は父の死後、武士を廃して摂津国川辺郡(兵庫県)伊丹市で酒造業を始めて財をなし、のちに大阪に移住して江戸時代以降の豪商鴻池財閥の始祖となった。
English: He is said to have been brave and good-looking; there is a well-known anecdote that depicts his slaying each of the following in single combat; Otohachi KIKUCHI (菊池音八), who is famous for having been a strong general of the Mori force; Daizen SHINAGAWA (the fight against this samurai is famous); Shogen KAWAI, a retainer of Hisahide MATSUNAGA (slain at the time of assault on Shigisan-jo Castle).
Japanese: 勇猛な美男子であったといい、毛利軍で猛将として知られた菊池音八や、有名な品川大膳との闘い、信貴山城攻略での松永久秀の家臣河合将監をいずれも一騎打ちで討ち取ったという逸話が知られる。
English: The "Intoku Taiheiki," a historical document written by an author biased toward the Mori, maintains that Yukimori defeated Shinagawa with the aid of Iorinosuke AKIAGE, though Shinagawa had battled yukimori into a corner and had the advantage; whereas, the "Unyogun Jitsuki" written by an author biased toward the Amago, maintains that Yukimori slew Shinagawa in a fair combat and in an admirable manner.
Japanese: 毛利側の資料『陰徳太平記』では、品川が優勢に勝負を進め幸盛を追い込んだ所を僚友・秋上庵介の助力で勝ったと記され、尼子側の記述『雲陽軍実記』では幸盛が見事に討ち取ったと記されている。
English: Notwithstanding that the views varying depending on the historical document, it is an established fact that the "Unyogun Jitsuki" was written and had been placed on public record approximately 100 years before the appearance of the "Intoku Taiheiki."
Japanese: 史料によって異同があり事実は不明であるが、参考として史料の成立としては『雲陽軍実記』の方が100年前後古い事だけを付記しておく。
English: TAIRA no Masakado (903 - March 30, 940) was a warlord during the mid-Heian Period.
Japanese: 平将門（たいらのまさかど平將門、延喜3年（903年）?-天慶3年2月14日(旧暦)（940年3月25日））は、平安時代中期の武将。
English: He was descended from Emperor Kanmu, and was a grandson of TAIRA no Takamochi (also known as Takamochi-o), who had been given the surname of Taira by Emperor Kanmu.
Japanese: 桓武天皇の子孫で、平氏の姓を授けられた、平高望（たかもちおう）の孫。
English: He was a son of the Chinju-fu Shogun, TAIRA no Yoshimasa (also known as Yoshimochi).
Japanese: 鎮守府将軍平良将（平良將たいらのよしまさ／良持＝よしもちとも）の子。
English: As the intra-clan hostilities among the Heishi (i.e., the Taira clan) spread into Shimosa and Hitachi provinces, he attacked the kokuga (provincial government office) of each province in Kanto, and confiscated the innyaku (the great seal and key); therefore, he came to be viewed as an enemy by the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 下総国、常陸国に広がった平氏一族の抗争に端を発し、関東諸国の国衙を襲い、印鑰を奪ったことから朝廷から敵と見なされた。
English: He aimed to create a country independent of the Imperial Court, but his rebellion was put down by FUJIWARA no Hidesato and TAIRA no Sadamori and so on (Johei-Tengyo no Ran (Rebellion of Johei-Tengyo)).
Japanese: 朝廷からの独立国建設を目指したが藤原秀郷、平貞盛らにより討伐された（承平天慶の乱）。
English: It is said that his father, TAIRA no Yoshimasa, governed Sakura City, Shimosa Province, and there exists a district named Masakado in Sakura City to this day, but there are no historical documents that substantiate these claims.
Japanese: 父の平良将は、下総国佐倉市が領地と伝えられ、佐倉市将門と地名も残るが、根拠となる史料は無い。
English: Also, because he grew up in his mother's hometown of Soma-gun County (Shimosa Province) he is said to have been named "Soma Kojiro"; however, this does not mean that Soma-gun County was in his sphere of influence, as the actual centers of power are considered to have been in Toyota-gun County (Shimosa Province) and Sashima-gun County (Shimosa Province).
Japanese: また、母の出身地である相馬郡(下総国)で育ったことから「相馬小次郎」と称したとされているが、これは相馬郡に勢力があったということではなく、実際の勢力範囲は同国の豊田郡(下総国)・猿島郡両郡であったと考えられている。
English: Masakado left the countryside and went to Heian-kyo (ancient Kyoto) to become a follower of FUJIWARA no Tadahira, who was the uji no choja (chieftain) of the Fujiwara-Hokke (the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan); however, he returned to his own territory when his father, Yoshikado, passed away unexpectedly.
Japanese: 将門は地方より平安京へ出て、藤原北家の氏長者であった藤原忠平と主従関係を結ぶが、父良将が急死したために領国へ戻る。
English: Subsequently, a conflict broke out that initiated what would come to be called, "TAIRA no Masakado's War", and a number of theories have been proposed as to the cause, but a definitive cause has not been established.
Japanese: 以後「平将門の乱」の発端となる争いがおこるのだが、原因についていくつかの説があり、確定はされていない。
English: One theory holds that because the system of birthright inheritance by the eldest son had not been established at that time, the conflict broke out because Yoshimasa's property was arbitrarily divided between his brothers (Masakado's uncles) TAIRA no Kunika and TAIRA no Yoshikane; another theory, based on the "Masakado Ki" (Record of Masakado), holds that the conflict broke out either over a daughter of the former Kokushi (provincial governors) of Hitachi Province, MINAMOTO no Mamoru, or the daughter of Yoshikane; and a third theory that states that the conflict broke out because of the interference of MINAMOTO no Mamoru and TAIRA no Maki in a territorial feud.
Japanese: 長子相続制度の確立していない当時、良将の遺領は伯父の平国香（國香）や平良兼に独断で分割されていたため争いが始まったとされている説、『将門記』などによる、常陸国（茨城県）前国司の源護の娘、或いは良兼の娘を巡り争いが始まったとする説、源護と平真樹の領地争いへの介入によって争いが始まったとする説などがある。
English: Because Masakado at first fought against his uncles, it tends to be viewed as "intra-clan conflict of the Bando-Heishi," but because Kunika, Yoshikane and Yoshimasa all had taken as wife daughters of MINAMOTO no Mamoru, whereas Masakado's father, Yoshimasa, had not, it is also said that it was "a conflict between MINAMOTO no Mamoru and his relatives, and Masakado."
Japanese: また、将門が当初は伯父らと争っているため、「坂東平氏一族の争い」と見られがちだが、国香・良兼・良正は源護の娘を娶っており、将門の父の良将とは違うことから、「源護・源護の縁者と将門の争い」ではないかとも言われている。
English: In March 935, Masakado was attacked by MINAMOTO no Mamoru's sons, including MINAMOTO no Tasuku, in Nomoto of Makabe-gun County in Hitachi Province (Chikusei City), but he repelled their attack, and many, including Tasuku, were killed in the battle.
Japanese: 承平(日本)5年（935年）2月に将門は源護の子・源扶らに常陸国真壁郡野本（筑西市）にて襲撃されるが、これらを撃退し扶らは討ち死にする。
English: Masakado kept his troops on the march and advanced from Okushi and Toride (Shimotsuma-shi City) to Mamoru's base in Makabe-gun County, and he then proceeded to burn down Mamoru's base, kiling his uncle, Kunika, in the fire.
Japanese: そのまま将門は大串・取手（下妻市）から護の本拠である真壁郡へ進軍して護の本拠を焼き討ちし、その際伯父の国香を焼死させた。
English: In November of the same year, TAIRA no Yoshimasa, whose clan was related to MINAMOTO no Mamoru through marriage, assembled an army and set up camp in Kawawa, Nihari-no-sato Village (Yachiyo-cho) along the Kinu-gawa River, where he faced off against Masakado, but Masakado also obliterated Yoshimasa's army.
Japanese: 同年10月、源護と姻戚関係にある一族の平良正は軍勢を集め鬼怒川沿いの新治郷川曲（八千代町）に陣を構えて将門と対峙するが、将門は良正の軍をも撃破する。
English: Yoshimasa, having lost against Masakado, went to Yoshikane for help, and Yoshikane, who had been watching quietly from the sidelines, as the head of the clan after the death of Kunika, could not refuse to come to his aid, so he recruited Kunika's son, TAIRA no Sadamori, built up an army and left Kazusa Province on July 22, 936, to attack Masakado, but was ambushed by Masakado and fled in defeat, seeking protection from the kokuga (provincial government office) in Shimotsuke Province (Tochigi Prefecture)
Japanese: 将門に敗れた良正は良兼に救いを求め、静観していた良兼も国香亡き後の一族の長として放ってもおけず、国香の子の平貞盛を誘って軍勢を集め、承平6年（936年）6月26日上総国を発ち将門を攻めるが、将門の奇襲を受けて敗走、下野国（栃木県）の国衙に保護を求めた。