nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Unlike the battle of Kumeda, Miyoshi's army which recovered from its off-balanced position, had an advantage.
Japanese: 兵力的には久米田の戦いとはことなり、態勢を整えなおした三好方が優勢となった。
English: When Hatakeyama's army attacked Imoriyama Castle where Nagayoshi MIYOSHI lived, Hatakeyama's military strength overwhelmed Miyoshi's.
Japanese: 当初、畠山方が三好長慶の居城の飯盛山城を攻撃した時点では、畠山方の兵力が三好方を圧倒した。
English: Yoshitoki MIYOSHI, however, mobilized local lords in Settsu and Tanba Province, issuing a manifesto.
Japanese: だが、三好義興らが摂津国の国人や丹波の国人に檄を飛ばして終結させた。
English: As a result, Miyoshi's side rectified its numerical inferiority, and when Hatakeyama and Miyoshi confronted at Kyoko-ji Temple, Miyoshi's side had the upper hand.
Japanese: そのため劣勢を挽回し、教興寺で両軍が対陣する時点では逆に三好方が優勢となっていた。
English: Hatakeyama, however, had Saikashu and Negoroshu (group of armed people and armed priests in Negoro-ji Temple) with 4000 matchlock guns, which was a menace to Miyoshi.
Japanese: ただし、畠山方に参戦していた雑賀・根来衆の火縄銃4000丁が三好方の脅威であった。
English: Regarding the chain of command, Miyoshi made family members commanders of each unit (made of local clan), so the orders by the supreme commander Nagayoshi MIYOSHI were delivered well.
Japanese: 指揮系統に関しては三好方が各部隊（各国人衆）の指揮官に一族を配置して、総大将三好長慶の命令が伝わりやすい編成となっていた。
English: Compared to Miyoshi's, Hatakeyama's chain of command was not unified, as various leaders of local clans and samurai lords joined the force independently.
Japanese: それに対し、畠山方は国人衆の旗頭や独立した国人領主が各自で参加する編成であったために、全体の指揮系統が一元化されていない。
English: In the course of the battle, Miyoshi obviously topped first and Hatakeyama had to keep pace.
Japanese: 経過をみると、明らかに三好方が先攻し、それに対して畠山方が対応するという図式となっていた。
English: It is considered that Miyoshi, with an unified chain of command, gained the initiative and Hatakeyama, with a disordered chain of command, had to be one step behind.
Japanese: 戦場で指揮系統が一元化されていた三好方は先手を取り、指揮系統が一元化できていなかった畠山方は後手に回ったと思われる。
English: It is said that Miyoshi's army was waiting for the rain because Yoshitaka MIYOSHI was shot by Saikashu or Negoroshu in the battle of Kumeda.
Japanese: 三好方は久米田の戦いで雑賀衆および根来衆の鉄砲で三好義賢を失ったことから、雨を待っていたと伝わる。
English: Miyoshi's army, catching the momentum, invaded into Yamato Province to attack Hatakeyama's rump.
Japanese: 三好方は勢いにまかせて大和国へ侵入し、畠山氏の与党を追討していった。
English: The Miyoshi clan became more powerful because an old power, the Hatakeyama clan collapsed and the Rokkaku clan also gave in.
Japanese: 旧勢力の畠山氏の勢力が瓦解し、六角氏も軍門に降ったため、三好氏の勢力が大きくなった。
English: There was no opposing powers to the Miyoshi clan in Kinai region anymore, and then Yamato Province as well as Kawachi Province became under the Miyoshi clan's control.
Japanese: 畿内に三好氏に対抗する勢力はなくなり、この後、大和国、河内国が三好氏の支配下となった。
English: The distress of Frigate Ertuğrul was a shipwreck that Ertuğrul, a sailing frigate of the Ottoman Navy, suffered off the east of Kashinozaki Lighthouse in Kii-Oshima Island, Kushimoto-cho Town, Wakayama prefecture, on the middle of the night of September 16, 1890.
Japanese: エルトゥールル号遭難事件（エルトゥールルごうそうなんじけん）とは、1890年（明治23年）9月16日夜半、オスマン帝国（現在のトルコ）の軍艦エルトゥールル号（ErtuğrulFırkateyni）が、和歌山県串本町沖、紀伊大島の樫野埼灯台東方海上で遭難した事件。
English: Today, near the Kashiwazaki Lighthouse in the town of Kushimoto-cho, Wakayama Prefectuere, the Frigate Ertuğrul Memorial and the Turkish Museum stand.
Japanese: 現在、和歌山県串本町の樫野崎灯台そばには、エルトゥールル号遭難慰霊碑およびトルコ記念館が立つ。
English: And, every five year residents of the town and the Embassy of Turkey in Japan jointly hold a memorial ceremony.
Japanese: また、町と在日本トルコ大使館の共催による慰霊祭も5年ごとに行われている。
English: In response to the visit to Istanbul by Imperial Prince Komatsunomiya Akihito and his wife from the Imperial family of Japan in 1887, it was decided that the Ertuğrul, a wooden frigate (built in 1864 with a total length of 76 m) would be dispatched, to Japan; this would also serve as a training voyage for the Ottoman Empire Navy, which lacked sufficient training at that time.
Japanese: 木造フリゲート艦エルトゥールル号（1864年建造、全長76m）は、1887年に行われた日本の皇族、小松宮彰仁親王夫妻のイスタンブル訪問に応えることを目的に、訓練不足のオスマン帝国海軍の練習航海を兼ねて日本へ派遣されることとなった。
English: Despite encountering many difficulties on her journey, she received an enthusiastic welcome in the Islamic countries she stopped off at on her way home; she finally arrived back in Japan the next year in June 1890, with the voyage having taken 11 months.
Japanese: 数々の困難に遭いながらも、航海の途上に立ち寄ったイスラム教国で熱烈な歓迎を受けつつ、11ヶ月をかけて翌1890年6月ようやく日本に到着した。
English: After arriving at Yokohama Port, the party led by a special envoy Osman Pasha, who was also a commander of Ertuğrul, presented a letter from the Sultan to the Emperor Meiji on June 13 and was welcomed as the first goodwill mission to Japan from the Ottoman Empire.
Japanese: 横浜港に入港したエルトゥールル号の司令官オスマン・パシャを特使とする一行は、6月13日に皇帝親書を明治天皇に奉呈し、オスマン帝国最初の親善訪日使節団として歓迎を受けた。
English: However, the damage to the hull and commodity and financial shortage of the Ertuğrul had piled up so much since her departure that it was now nearly impossible for her to sail back.
Japanese: しかし、エルトゥールル号は出港以来蓄積した艦の老朽や物資・資金不足は限界に達していた。
English: Since many crews had caught cholera, it was in September that they finally found a chance to sail out of Yokohama Port.
Japanese: 多くの乗員がコレラに見舞われたため、9月になってようやく横浜出港の目処をつけた。
English: Japanese thought the ship was too old to endure a long voyage and recommended delaying departure until the typhoon season ended.
Japanese: 遠洋航海に耐えない老朽ぶりをみた日本側は台風の時期をやり過ごすようにと勧めるた。
English: Behind this irrational dispatch, there was an intention of the Sultan Abdülhamid II to show off the power of the Ottoman Empire, the leader of Muslim countries, to Muslims in India and Southeast Asian countries.
Japanese: このように無理を押してエルトゥールル号が派遣された裏には、インド・東南アジアのムスリム（イスラム教徒）にイスラム教の盟主オスマン帝国の国力を誇示したい皇帝アブデュルハミト2世の意志が働いていた。
English: It is said that the return sail was carried out because he was afraid that the reputation of the weakened Ottoman Empire Navy would spread.
Japanese: 出港を強行したのも日本に留まりつづけることでオスマン帝国海軍の弱体化ぶりが喧伝されてしまうことを恐れたのだと言われる。
English: In the middle of the night on September 16, 1890, the Ertuğrul was pushed by a strong wind in a typhoon and hit the rocks at Kashinozaki, Kii-Oshima Island.
Japanese: 1890年（明治23年）9月16日夜半、エルトゥールル号は折からの台風による強風にあおられ、紀伊大島の樫野崎に連なる岩礁に激突した。
English: The Ertuğrul was stranded and water broke through into the engine room, which caused a vapor explosion and finally she sank.
Japanese: 座礁したエルトゥールル号は機関部に浸水して水蒸気爆発を起こし、沈没した。
English: This led to a catastrophic incident that 587 people including the commander Osman Pasha missed or lost.
Japanese: これにより、司令官オスマン・パシャをはじめとする587名が死亡または行方不明になる大惨事となった。
English: At this time, the survivors, who were washed ashore near the Kashinozaki Lighthouse, scrambled up the cliff several dozen meters high and let the lighthouse know the disaster.
Japanese: このとき、樫野埼灯台下に流れ着いた生存者は、数十メートルの断崖を這い登って灯台に遭難を知らせた。
English: Receiving information from the lighthouse keeper, all the people in Kii-Oshima-mura village(now Kushimoto-cho Town)rescued and cared for the survivors.
Japanese: 灯台守の通報を受けた紀伊大島（現在の串本町）樫野の住民たちは、総出で救助と生存者の介抱に当たった。
English: Despite few food reserves since the typhoon had stopped people from fishing, they provided clothes such as yukata, and eggs, potatoes and even chickens they had kept for an emergency, and dedicated themselves to care for the survivors.
Japanese: この時、台風により出漁できず食料の蓄えもわずかだったにもかかわらず、住民は、浴衣などの衣類、卵やサツマイモ、それに非常用のニワトリすら供出するなど、献身的に生存者たちの回復に努めた。
English: As a result, 69 people taken to a temple, a school and the lighthouse in Kashino were rescued alive.
Japanese: この結果、樫野の寺、学校、灯台に収容された69名が救出され生還することができた。
English: The next day of the disaster, Shu OKI, the Oshima village mayor, was informed of the incident via the head of the Kashino ward.
Japanese: 遭難の翌朝、事件は樫野の区長から大島村長の沖周（おきしゅう）に伝えられた。
English: Oki asked help of foreign consulates in Kobe Port and arranged to transport the survivors to the hospital in Kobe City while reporting to the Japanese government via a prefectural agency.
Japanese: 沖は神戸港の外国領事館に援助を求めて生存者を神戸市の病院に搬送させるよう手配するとともに、県を通じて日本政府に通報した。
English: Having received the news, the Emperor Meiji was deeply troubled and directed the government to help as much as possible, as they say.
Japanese: 知らせを聞いた明治天皇はこの遭難に大いに心を痛め、政府として可能な限りの援助を行うよう指示したと伝えられる。
English: The survivors were sent back by two corvettes of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 'Hiei' and 'Konogo,' which had departed from Shinagawa Bay in Tokyo on October 5, arriving in Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, on January 2 of the next year, 1891.
Japanese: 10月5日に東京の品川湾から出航した大日本帝国海軍の「比叡(コルベット)」「金剛(コルベット)」2隻により、生存者たちは翌1891年（明治24年）1月2日にオスマン帝国の首都イスタンブルに送り届けられた。
English: The distress of the Ertuğrul made a great impact on people in the Ottoman Empire; however, under the rule of the absolute monarch Abdülhamid II, the incident was regarded as martyrdom due to a natural disaster and the aspect as a man-made calamity was concealed.
Japanese: エルトゥールル号の遭難はオスマン帝国の国内に大きな衝撃を呼んだが、専制君主アブデュルハミト2世のもとでは人災としての側面は覆い隠され、天災による殉難と位置付けられた。
English: Since the newspapers also reported the rescue operation by the people of Oshima Village and the dedication of the Japanese government, Turkish people had a good impression on a far foreign country Japan and Japanese people, as they say.
Japanese: またこのとき、新聞を通じて大島村民による救助活動や日本政府の尽力が伝えられ、当時のトルコの人々は遠い異国である日本と日本人に対して好印象を抱いたといわれている。
English: Since 2007, the multinational underwater archaeological research group, consisting of Turkey as a leading country and several countries, has been investigating the Ertuğrul in the water and working on the salvage of her remains from the seabed.
Japanese: 2007年から、トルコを中心とする数カ国からなる水中考古学の調査団は海中のエルトゥールル号の調査を進めており、海底からの遺品引き揚げを進めている。
English: Milliyet, January 5, 2007 (a Japanese translation by Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
Japanese: 「」Milliyet、2007年1月5日（東京外国語大学による日本語訳）。
English: On June 7, 2008, the President of the Republic of Turkey, Abdullah Gül, attended the memorial ceremony during his visit to Japan.
Japanese: 2008年（平成20年）6月7日に行われた追悼式典には、来日中のアブドゥラー・ギュルトルコの大統領も出席した。
English: In Japan, the distress of the Ertuğrul was also reported as shocking news, and a great amount of contributions and condolence money was collected via the government.
Japanese: 日本でもエルトゥールル号遭難事件は衝撃的なニュースとして伝わり、政府を通じて多くの義捐金・弔慰金が寄せられた。
English: Soyu YAMADA, the successor of the Sohen school of tea ceremony, was one of Japanese who was shocked by the accident.
Japanese: 茶道宗偏流の跡取り、山田宗有もこの事件に衝撃を受けた日本人のひとりであった。
English: He started a fund-raising campaign among Japanese citizens to collect contributions for the families of the victims of the Ertuğrul incident; after two years, he travelled to Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, carrying the collected donations.
Japanese: 彼は日本の民間からエルトゥールル号事件の犠牲者の遺族に対する義捐金を集めるキャンペーンを行い、事件の翌々年に集まった義捐金を自ら携えてオスマン帝国の首都イスタンブルに渡った。
English: As soon as Turkish people noticed that a private citizen Yamada had brought contributions, he received enthusiastic welcome and further was granted an audience with the Sultan Abdülhamid II.
Japanese: 山田が民間人ながら義捐金をもってやってきたことが知られるや彼は熱烈な歓迎を受け、皇帝アブデュルハミト2世に拝謁する機会にすら恵まれた。
English: Then Yamada, in response to the Sultan's request, decided to stay in Turkey and started a trading shop in Istanbul.
Japanese: このとき、皇帝の要請でトルコに留まることを決意した山田はイスタンブルに貿易商店を開いた。
English: He taught the Japanese language and told of Japan to young officers at the military academy, and helped to arrange visits to Istanbul for high officials in the Japanese government; thus, he dedicated himself to cultivate international civilian and governmental exchanges when there were no established diplomatic relations between Japan and Turkey.
Japanese: 士官学校で少壮の士官に日本語や日本のことを教え、日本政府の高官のイスタンブル訪問を手引きするなど、日土国交が樹立されない中で官民の交流に尽力した。
English: Kemal Ataturk, who later became the first president of the Republic of Turkey, is said to have been one of his students when he was teaching at the military academy.
Japanese: 彼が士官学校で教鞭をとった際、その教えを受けた生徒の中には、後にトルコ共和国の初代大統領となったケマル・アタテュルクもいたとされる。
English: When Japan won the Russo-Japanese War, which had broken out while Yamada stayed in Istanbul, the people in the Ottoman Empire went wild with joy at the news, regarding it as a brilliant achievement by a small eastern country Japan, since they had long suffered the pressure from Russia and therefore grown affinity with Japan, the country which also had been troubled by the pressure from Russia.
Japanese: 山田がイスタンブルに滞在中に起こった日露戦争が日本の勝利に帰すと、長らくロシアから圧力を受け続けて、同じくロシアの南下圧力にさらされる日本に対する親近感を高めていたオスマン帝国の人々は、東の小国日本の快挙としてこれに熱狂した。
English: It is said that naming a child Togo after the Admiral Heihachiro TOGO, a hero of the Japanese Imperial Navy, became popular at the time.
Japanese: このとき日本海軍の英雄東郷平八郎提督にちなんでトーゴーという名を子供につけることが流行したという。
English: However, despite such civilian exchanges supported by Soyu YAMADA and others, formal diplomatic relations were not realized until the fall of the Ottoman Empire.
Japanese: しかし、山田宗有らの尽力による民間交流とはうらはらに、とうとうオスマン帝国が滅びるまで正式の国交が結ばれることはなかった。
English: The reason for this was that negotiations over the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the Ottoman Empire remained deadlocked despite both sides engaging in frequent rounds of negotiations; the Ottoman Empire did not wish to enter into another unequal treaty, but Japan was demanding the same level of treaty as the Ottoman Empire had agreed to with the great powers of Europe and America, insisting on Japan's extraterritorial rights.
Japanese: 日本とオスマン帝国の外交当局による国交交渉は何度も行われたのであるが、日本側が欧米列強と同等の待遇の条約を望み、治外法権を認めるよう要求したのに対し、オスマン帝国は不平等条約の拡大を嫌い、両者の交渉が暗礁に乗り上げたためである。
English: In 1914, when the First World War broke out, the foreign situation of the Ottoman Empire, which had being dragged into the Central Powers consisting of Germany and others, grew tense, so Yamada closed his shop in Istanbul and returned to Japan.
Japanese: 1914年、第一次世界大戦が勃発するとドイツら同盟国側に引き入れられつつあったオスマン帝国の対外情勢は緊迫し、山田はイスタンブルの店を閉鎖して退去し、日本へと帰国した。
English: Japan, having sided with the Allies consisting of Britain and others in this war, became the Ottoman Empire's enemy.
Japanese: この戦争でイギリスら連合国の側についた日本はオスマン帝国と敵同士となった。
English: Through drastic changes of circumstances such as the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the establishment of the Republic of Turkey after the war, Japan and Turkey finally entered into diplomatic relations following the conclusion of the Treaty of Lausann in 1924 and the establishment of the Embassy in 1925.
Japanese: 戦後のオスマン帝国の解体とトルコ共和国の成立という目まぐるしい情勢の変化を経て、1924年発効のローザンヌ条約締結、1925年の大使館開設により、ようやく日本とトルコは正式の国交を結ぶことになる。
English: The distress of the Ertuğrul was a tragedy caused by a foreign policy of the late Ottoman Empire and the weakened Navy; however, Japan's amity to the victims of the disaster has been long remembered by persons concerned in both countries as a starting point of friendly relations between Japan and Turkey.
Japanese: エルトゥールル号遭難事件は、オスマン帝国末期の外交政策と海軍の弱体化がもたらした悲劇であったが、この事件で被害者に対して示された日本人の友誼は、その後も長く日土友好関係の起点として両国の関係者に記憶されることになった。
English: When Turks talk to Japanese people about the history of friendly relations between Turkey and Japan in public, they almost always mention the story of the Ertuğrul and her disaster above all things.
Japanese: トルコ人が公的な場で日本人に対して日土友好の歴史について語るとき、必ずといっていいほど第一に持ち出されるのがエルトゥールル号遭難事件の顛末である。
English: Contrary to Turks' discourse, the story of the Ertuğrul's distress was not well remembered in Japan and had been rarely mentioned in public for a long time.
Japanese: こうしたトルコ人の言説に対して、エルトゥールル号遭難事件の顛末は日本ではあまり記憶されておらず、長らく公的な場で語られることすらもまれであった。
English: However, in the 21st century, the whole story of the Ertuğru disaster came to be introduced through electronic bulletin boards or mail magazines on the Internet along with the following incident.
Japanese: しかし21世紀に入ってからは、エルトゥールル号事件の顛末が、以下の事件と絡めて、インターネット上の電子掲示板やメールマガジンで紹介される機会が増えた。
English: In 1985 during the Iran-Iraq War, when Iraq proclaimed indiscriminate attacks to any aircraft flew over Iran, the Japanese people in Iran were stuck in a crisis because the rescue by Self-Defense Force was not made according to the principle that the overseas dispatch of Self-Defense Force troops is prohibited, and Japan Airlines did not fly JAL international airplanes because of a union issue.
Japanese: 1985年のイラン・イラク戦争において、イラクのイラン上空の航空機に対する無差別攻撃宣言に対し、イラン国内に取り残された日本人が、自衛隊の海外派遣不可の原則のために自衛隊機による救援を受けられなかったうえ、日本航空の組合問題により日本航空インターナショナル機による救援もできないために危機的状況にあった。
English: When Yutaka NOMURA, the then Japanese ambassador to Iran, appealed for help in resolving this issue to Ismet Birsel, the then Turkish ambassador to Iran, he responded as follows:
Japanese: イランの日本大使館の野村豊大使は、トルコ大使館のビルレル大使に窮状を訴えると大使は次のように答えた。
English: Every Turk knows Japan's kindness we received at the time of the disaster of Ertuğrul.'
Japanese: 「トルコ人ならだれもが、エルトゥールル号の遭難の際に受けた恩義を知っています。」
English: Thus all 215 Japanese people were picked up by the Turkish Airlines airplane dispatched in response to the Ambassador's request and managed to return to Japan via Turkey safely.
Japanese: 大使の要請を受けて派遣されたトルコ航空機によって215名の日本人全員が救出され、無事にトルコ経由で帰国できた。
English: The story of the Ertuğrul disaster has gradually spread out among the people in Japan; it has been frequently talked about in many TV programs or magazines, especially after the Turkish team achieved remarkable results in the 2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan.
Japanese: 特に2002年のサッカーFIFAワールドカップ日韓大会でのトルコチームの活躍を機に盛んにテレビ番組や雑誌でも取り上げられるようになるなど、日本の一般の人々の間に徐々に広まっている。
English: In 2004, a children book that introduced the incident was designated as a book on which fifth and sixth grade elementary school pupils were assigned to write book reports for a writing competition.
Japanese: 2004年には、これらのことを紹介した児童書が小学生高学年向けの読書感想文コンクール課題図書ともなった。
English: Thus, also in Japan today, the distress of the Ertuğrul is regarded as an essential episode to talk about "a pro-Japanese country, Turkey."
Japanese: こうして今では、日本でもエルトゥールル号遭難事件は「親日親日的とされる国と地域の一覧トルコ」のイメージを語るエピソードとしてなくてはならないものになっている。
English: Another explanation that has been proposed for the above-mentioned rescue operation by the Turkish government and Turkish Airlines to save Japanese people during the Iran-Iraq War is that a request was made by the Istanbul branch office of ITOCHU Corporation and the Japanese Embassy in Teheran, to which the Turkish government gave 'their willing consent' to dispatch a Turkish Airlines airplane.
Japanese: 上記、イラン・イラク戦争時のトルコ政府・トルコ航空による日本人救助活動について、実際は伊藤忠商事イスタンブール支店関係者、在テヘラン日本大使館からのトルコ政府への救援要請に対し、トルコ側が「快諾」し、トルコ航空機の派遣を決定したとも言われる。
English: On October 28, 2007, at the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Mitaka City, Tokyo, along with a retrospective exhibition of the Ertuğrul, a symposium on this incident was held with attendants of persons concerned in the incident, including the former pilot and flight attendants of the Turkish Airlines airplane that actually flew, Nomura, a former Japanese ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary to Iran, Morinaga, a former Istanbul branch office manager of the ITOCHU Corporation, Satoru MORI, a former representative of the Bank of Tokyo in Tehran.
Japanese: なお、この事件に関するシンポジウムが2007年10月28日、東京都三鷹市の中近東文化センターで、同時期に開催されたエルトゥールル号回顧展に併せて、当該トルコ航空機の元機長、元客室乗務員、野村元駐イラン日本国特命全権大使、森永元伊藤忠商事イスタンブール支店長、毛利悟元東京銀行テヘラン駐在員ら当時の関係者出席の上、行われている。
English: When NHK featured the rescue mission of Japanese by the Turkish government and Turkish Airlines during the Iran-Iraq War in the program 'The Project X,' they never mentioned the Ertuğrul incident in relation to the topic.
Japanese: NHKは、イラン・イラク戦争時のトルコ政府・トルコ航空による日本人救助活動について、プロジェクトXにて取り上げた際に、エルトゥールル号遭難事件との関連については、全く触れなかった。
English: In response to inquiries to NHK about this issue, they said, 'We asked the people who had been directly involved in the rescue operation in 1985, such as the Turkish ambassador and the Turkish Airlines captain; however nobody knew about the Ertuğrul incident.
Japanese: この点についてのNHKへの問い合わせに対して、NHK側は、「1985年の救出に直接関わったトルコ大使やトルコ航空機長など当事者の方々に確認したところ、エルトゥールル号事件のことは全くご存知ありませんでした。
English: The disaster occurred 114 year ago, and in truth most Turks did not know the incident.
Japanese: 114年前のことであり、ほとんどのトルコの人々は事件を知らないのが実状でした。
English: Also, there is no evidence that Turkish schools generally teach the Ertuğrul incident, and neither have such textbooks been found.'
Japanese: またエルトゥールル号事件がトルコの学校で広く教えられているという事実も無く、教科書も見つかっていません。」と回答している。
English: In January and February, 2008, Turkish staff members of the Institute of Nautical Archaeology of the United States carried out an underwater excavation and salvaged over 1000 articles of her remains, such as bullets and remains of the body.
Japanese: 2008年1～2月、米国・海洋考古学研究所のトルコ人スタッフらが発掘調査を行い、遺骨や弾丸など1000点以上の遺品を引き揚げた。
English: During an official visit to Japan, Turkish president Abdullah Gül visited the site of the disaster for the first time as the president of his country.
Japanese: 2008年6月7日、来日していたトルコのアブドゥラー・ギュル大統領は、同国の大統領として初めてこの地を訪れた。
English: Ranpeki refers to people who devoted themselves to Western learning, or yearned and copied Dutch (or Western) manners and customs in the Edo period.
Japanese: 蘭癖（らんぺき）は江戸時代、蘭学に傾注したり、オランダ式（あるいは西洋式）の習俗を憧憬・模倣するような人を指した呼び名である。
English: However, not only from academic interest, but also the yearning of their way of living, customs, and personal appearance, people copied the Dutch (or Western) style came to appear.
Japanese: しかし、学問的な興味だけではなく、生活様式や風俗・身なりに至るまで、オランダ流（洋式）のものを憧憬し、模倣するような者まで現れるようになった。
English: However, there are not many examples of the usage of the term, 'ranpeki,' in the historical records of the mid- to late Edo period.
Japanese: ただし、江戸時代中期から後期にかけての史料においては「蘭癖」という語の使用例は多くない。
English: In the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, it began to be used often as a disparaging name to refer to 'seiyo kabure' (ultra-Westernized persons) by joi-ha faction (the antiforeigner faction) like the Mito clan.
Japanese: 幕末期にいたって、水戸藩など攘夷派から「西洋かぶれ」の意で、蔑称として用いられる例が多くなった。
English: That is, similar to 'sakoku' (national isolation) and other expressions, after it came into wide use in the Meiji period, it came to describe the people who were "ranpeki-"like before then.
Japanese: すなわち「鎖国」などと同様に、明治以降になって普及した後に、それ以前の"蘭癖"的人物もこの語で形容されるようになったものであろう。
English: There were also scholars like Kogyu YOSHIO, Gennai HIRAGA, and Gentaku OTSUKI who enjoyed Western manners and customs, including New Year celebrations according to the solar calendar called Dutch New Year.
Japanese: 吉雄耕牛・平賀源内・大槻玄沢らのように、オランダ正月と呼ばれる、太陽暦で祝う正月行事などの西洋式習俗を楽しむ学者などもいた。
English: For this reason, there were more wealthy merchants, daimyo (feudal lords), and upper-class samurai (Japanese warriors) than scholars among those who were called 'ranpeki.'
Japanese: そのため、「蘭癖」と称される人物には、学者よりも大商人や大名、上級武士などが多い。
English: Their interest transcended lordly outside interests, including their personal engagement in Western studies, promotion of learning, and so on.
Japanese: 殿様趣味の枠を超えて、自ら蘭学研究を行ったり、学問の奨励するなどした。
English: On the other hand, however, their interest in Western studies also tended to grow in intensity, driving their clans into a financial corner (although there were, of course, exceptions).
Japanese: その反面、蘭学趣味が高じて藩財政を窮地に陥れるなどの傾向も見られる（もちろん例外もある）。
English: This is thought to be related to the fact that they were close to the port that was open to Holland, Nagasaki, and they could easily obtain Dutch books and imported commodities.
Japanese: これはオランダに開かれた港・長崎が近く、蘭書や輸入品の入手が容易だったことと無縁ではないだろう。
English: Representative individuals known as typical examples of the ranpeki daimyo include the lord of the Satsuma clan, Shigehide SHIMAZU.
Japanese: このような蘭癖大名の典型例として知られる代表的な人物として、薩摩藩主島津重豪が挙げられる。
English: Shigehide's children, Masataka OKUDAIRA and Nagahiro KURODA, as well as his great-grandchild, Nariakira SHIMAZU, were also influenced by Shigehide.
Japanese: 重豪の子である奥平昌高・黒田長溥や、曾孫の島津斉彬もまた、重豪の影響を受けた。
English: Nagahiro KURODA (the lord of the Fukuoka clan, 1811 to 1887, Shigehide SHIMAZU's ninth son, Narikiyo KURODA's adopted son)
Japanese: 黒田長溥（福岡藩主、1811年-1887年、島津重豪の九男、黒田斉清の養子）
English: From olden times, military horses were produced in the tablelands around Funabashi City, Kamagaya City, Matsudo City, Kashiwa City and Shirai City which were suitable for grazing horses.
Japanese: 古くから船橋市・鎌ヶ谷市・松戸市・柏市・白井市周辺の台地は馬牧に適しており、軍馬の生産が行われていた。
English: At the end of Heian period, a kind of horse was produced in the present Kashiwa City which was so fine that it was believed to be a messenger of Hachiman (God of War), and it was called 'Ikezuki' and worshipped.
Japanese: 平安末期に八幡様の使いと信じられるほどの名馬が現在の柏市で生まれ、「生食」とよばれ、信仰を集めていた。
English: There are Shinto shrines originating in Ikezuki in the regions of Shirai City, Kashiwa City and so on at the present time.
Japanese: 現在においても白井市・柏市等の地域には生食に由来する神社が複数存在している。