nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: He was raised to Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) in 1823, Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) in 1827, Junii (Junior Second Rank) in 1843, and Shonii (Senior Second Rank) in 1854.
Japanese: 文政6年（1823年）従三位、文政10年（1827年）正三位、天保14年（1843年）従二位、安政元年（1854年）正二位となる。
English: His position of the family head was succeeded by his son Nobusato FUSHIHARA, and at the time of his great-grandson named Nobusada FUSHIHARA, the Fushihara family was conferred viscountcy.
Japanese: 子の伏原宣諭が家督を継ぎ、曾孫の伏原宣定の代に伏原家は子爵に列した。
English: As an attendant Confucian scholar at the imperial court in the late Edo period, he taught Confucianism to a number of the youth in the imperial family and the nobility, who were active from the Bakumatsu period (the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate) through to the Meiji period.
Japanese: 江戸時代後期の朝廷儒学者として幕末期から明治時代に活躍した多くの皇族や公家の子女たちに儒学を教えた。
English: Motomasa HIGASHIZONO (January 30, 1675 - July 17, 1728) was a Kugyo (high court noble) who lived in the mid-Edo period.
Japanese: 東園基雅（ひがしぞのもとまさ、延宝3年1月5日(旧暦)（1675年1月30日）-享保13年6月11日(旧暦)（1728年7月17日））は江戸時代中期頃の公卿。
English: He served at the imperial court mainly under the reigns of the 113th Emperor Higashiyama and the 114th Emperor Nakamikado, and was promoted to Shonii (Senior Second Rank) Dainagon (Major Counselor) in the end.
Japanese: 主に113代東山天皇・114代中御門天皇時代の朝廷に仕え、正二位大納言までのぼった。
English: In 1689 he was promoted to Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) Saonoe no shosho (Minor Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards), renaming himself as Motonaga.
Japanese: 元禄2年（1689年）に従四位下左近衛少将に進んだ際に基長と改名した。
English: He thereafter served as Sakon e no chujo (Middle Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards) and Kurodo no to (Head Chamberlain), and in 1700 he became a Sangi (Councilor), thus becoming a Kugyo (high court noble).
Japanese: その後左近衛中将・蔵人頭を経て、元禄13年（1700年）に参議となり、公卿に列する。
English: After serving as Toka no sechie Geben (a Kugyo who supervised the event of toka [ceremonial mass singing and stomp dancing] called Toka no sechie held at the Imperial Court on around the fifteenth day of the first month of the year, outside the Shomeimon gate of the Kyoto imperial palace) and Chunagon (Middle Counselor), it was in 1719 when he became Dainagon (Major Counselor).
Japanese: 踏歌節会外弁、中納言などを経て、享保4年（1719年）には大納言に就任した。
English: In the diary he commented on the Genroku Ako Incident taking place in 1701, such that it was pitiable ("Fubin, fubin" in Japanese) that Naganori ASANO had been forced to commit seppuku (ritual suicide by disembowelment) which had resulted in extinction of his whole household.
Japanese: 元禄14年（1701年）に起こった元禄赤穂事件についても記しており、浅野長矩が切腹のうえ一家滅亡することについて基雅は「不便々々（ふびんふびん）」と述べている。
English: Kanpaku (Chief Advisor to the Emperor) Motohiro KONOE wrote "A Diary of Lord Motohiro" in which he sounded interested when he described how KIRA Kozukenosuke had been injured in a sword attack was remarkable ("Chinji, chinji" in Japanese), and Motohiro also wrote that when he had reported the incident to Emperor Higashiyama, the emperor "had conveyed the sense of happiness."
Japanese: 関白近衛基煕の日記「基煕公記」も吉良が刃傷されたことについて「珍事々々（ちんじちんじ）」とおもしろげに記しており、また基煕から東山天皇に報告された際、天皇の様子を「御喜悦の旨、仰せ下し了んぬ」と書いている。
English: It is clear that the emperor and courtiers alike lacked compassion for Yoshinaka KIRA, and was sympathetic to Naganori ASANO.
Japanese: 朝廷側はみな一様に吉良義央に冷たく、浅野長矩に同情的であることがわかる。
English: The reason may lie in the fact that Naganao ASANO as the head of the Asano family, on one hand, had contributed to the court by undertaking to rebuild the Dairi (Imperial Palace) which had been burned down and that Yoshinaka KIRA, on the other hand, had allegedly involved in Shogun's various political maneuvers in the direction of the court, such that the Shogun had pressured Emperor Gosai into abdication of the throne, and therefore, it is likely that Kira was hated not only by Asano family and his retainers but also by the court.
Japanese: 浅野長直の代に焼失した内裏の再建を請け負った浅野家に対し、後西天皇に対する譲位圧力など幕府の様々な朝廷政治工作にかかわっていたであろう吉良義央は朝廷からも憎まれていたのかもしれない。
English: Naoteru KATAOKA (August 3, 1856 - April 13, 1927) was a businessman in the Meiji, Taisho and early Showa periods.
Japanese: 片岡直輝（かたおかなおてる、安政3年7月3日(旧暦)（1856年8月3日）-昭和2年（1927年）4月13日）は、明治・大正・昭和初期の実業家。
English: Born to the first son to Naohide MAGOGORO and Nobuko in Shitahansan village, Takaoka County, Tosa Province (present Tsuno Machi, Kochi Prefecture)
Japanese: 7月3日、父・孫五郎直英と母・信子の長男として土佐国高岡郡下半山村（現高知県津野町）で誕生する。
English: He lived his childhood along with his younger brother Naoharu in the house where he was born located in an isolated location during the end of the Edo period, and because of its isolation, the place was often used by loyalists to the Emperor for their clandestine meetings and as a hiding place.
Japanese: 生家は近隣に家のない寂しい一軒家であったが、直輝や弟・直温が幼少時代を過ごした時期は幕末であり、その立地条件から勤王の志士に秘密の集会所として、また潜伏場所としてたびたび利用された。
English: While Naoteru and Naoharu were too young to be involved at the time, their father Naohide was deeply devoted to support the loyalists for Emperor and they were struggling to make ends meet as a result of spending his own funds.
Japanese: その当時、直輝や直温はまだ少年であり、あまり深く関わることはなかったが、父・直英は勤王に傾倒していたため、私財を投じて支援した結果、家計は火の車であった。
English: Worse still, their father died from illness and left them a large debt that compelled their mother Nobuko to work day and night in order to repay the debt, and consequently the brothers were separated as Naoharu was sent to Torin-ji Temple.
Japanese: さらに追い打ちをかけるように、その父が病没してしまい多大な借金だけが残され、母・信子は借金を返すため昼夜を問わず働き続け、また直温は東林寺に預けられて兄弟は別れることとなった。
English: Naoteru studied assiduously and he had a little over ten students under his aegis when he was fourteen in which he was able to help the household with his meager earnings.
Japanese: 直輝は勉学に励み、14歳の時に十数人の弟子を取り、わずかの報酬ながら家計を助けた。
English: Later, Nobuko brought Naoharu back from the temple and he left for Tokyo in May when he was sixteen after making the necessary arrangement for the household and Naoharu to Nobuko.
Japanese: その後、信子が直温を寺より引き取ることとなり、直温に信子と家のことを頼み5月、16歳の時に上京する。
English: After arriving in Tokyo, he stayed at his relatives house and enrolled in telegraph school but after learning it was not to his liking, he enrolled in the Naval Accounting School (neither school required tuition).
Japanese: 上京後は親族に寄食し、まず電信学校に入学したが志に合わず、その後に海軍主計学校へ入学することとなる（両校とも就学中は学費が必要なかった）。
English: He enlisted in the Navy as an assistant Naval Pay Officer upon graduation after having the experiences of being an accompanying attendant, non-crew member warship boarding and like.
Japanese: 随行員や軍艦の員外乗船などを経験し、、海軍主計学校卒業とともに海軍主計副として海軍入りする。
English: He was appointed to the position of the director of the Navy budget bureau after the ranks of shukeikacho kokoroe (assistant to pay officer section chief) and chushukei (assistant director) of the Navy budget bureau in time with his selection as a member of the Navy Minister Michitsugu SAIGO's suite that was sent to Europe and North America.
Japanese: 主計課長心得、中主計を経て、西郷従道海軍大臣が欧米各国へ派遣されるにあたり、その随行員として抜擢されたことに合わせ海軍大主計となる。
English: Upon his return, he rendered his services in handling the work left over from the Minister of the Navy's official travel abroad, went to France, also assumed the position of chief accounting officer of the cruiser Itsukushima however his military career ended when he was discharged from his duties in September.
Japanese: 帰国後は、海相外遊中の残務の取り扱いなどを代行、フランスへの派遣、また「厳島(巡洋艦)」主計長の兼任など尽力したが、9月、その任を解かれ武官時代に終わりを告げることとなった。
English: After leaving the Navy, the following July he was appointed to the position of secretary to the Homeland Minister Togama KONO upon recommendations from which his civil officer career began.
Japanese: 海軍を去った後の7月、直輝と同郷であった河野敏鎌内務大臣の推挙を受け秘書官に任命されて文官時代が始まった。
English: In the following September, Kono was appointed to Minister of Education by the Emperor, and as a result, Kataoka was appointed to Secretary of Osaka after returning to the Ministry of the Interior (Japan) since he was discharged as Secretary to the Minister of Education.
Japanese: 同年9月、河野内相が文部大臣になると再び文相秘書官となるが、3月、文相が井上毅へ親任されるに際して依願免官となると、内務省(日本)に復帰し大阪書記官に任命される。
English: He directed a number of successful projects including waterworks, Osaka Harbor, and sewer systems however his civil servant career ended when he left the Ministry of the Interior in April.
Japanese: 上水道敷設、大阪港建設、下水道整備などを指揮し才腕を振るったが、4月、内務省を去り文官時代を終える。
English: After a period of bank apprenticeships, he was appointed to the position of an assistant Osaka branch manager in October the same year and then the position of the Osaka branch manager in February the following year.
Japanese: まずは見習いとして銀行の実務を経験し、同年10月に大阪支店長心得に、そして2月、大阪支店長に抜擢をされる。
English: During that time, the position of the Osaka branch manager of Bank of Japan gave him the power to control the Kansai region financial world and his tenure at the Bank of Japan era contributed in building his aspirations of becoming a businessman.
Japanese: 当時の日銀大阪支店長といえば関西財界を支配する力があり、3月に日本銀行支配役を免ぜられるまでの日銀時代に、後の実業家としての地盤が築かれることとなる。
English: After he left Bank of Japan, he took a position as company president of Osaka Gas Company upon recommendation.
Japanese: 日銀を去った後の1899年（明治32年）、大阪瓦斯の社長に推挙され、同社社長となる。
English: Osaka Gas Company was founded in 1899, however due to the following deflation it dissolved and existed in name only.
Japanese: 大阪瓦斯の設立は1896年（明治29年）だが、その後に襲った経済不況によって経ち行かなくなり名義だけの存在となっていた。
English: It was Soichiro ASANO who bought out the company after acquiring the majority shares of the stocks and put Naoteru, who knew a lot about economic situation in Kansa region, in the president position.
Japanese: それを浅野総一郎が株式の過半数を取得・買収した後、関西経済に通じている直輝を同社社長として迎えた、という経緯がある。
English: During this time, there were movements to revitalize the economy by actively inviting foreign investments.
Japanese: また、この当時は外資を積極的に受け入れて経済を活性化させようという動きがあった。
English: Naoteru was suited for coordinating American investors and engineers with his foreign language skills that he acquired while in the Navy.
Japanese: 米国人投資家や技術者と話の折り合いをつける調整役として、海軍時代の経験で外国語に堪能だった直輝は適任であったといえる。
English: He was dismissed in July after operating results plummeted due to the company's price hike plan for the gas rates in order to cope with inflation after the First World War was denied by Osaka City.
Japanese: 第一次世界大戦時の物価高騰に伴うガス料金引き上げが大阪市の反対に遭い遂行できず、その後業績が悪化したことを理由に7月、同社社長を解任される。
English: He contributed to the founding of Hiroshima Gas Company and was later appointed as president upon request of Yoshigoro OBAYASHI whom he had befriended and other locals during his time in Hiroshima where he opened a branch office, the location of which there was a rear logistic base during the Russo -Japanese War.
Japanese: 日露戦争時の策源地（兵站のための後方基地）であった広島市において支店を開設した際、広島の人々と交友を深めた関係で、大林芳五郎の要請により広島ガスの設立に協力、設立後の同社社長を務め、同社の基礎を築き上げた。
English: Also at the same time, he became a managing director of Hiroshima Electric Rail Company, but resigned from both companies in February.
Japanese: それと同時に広島電気軌道の取締役にもなったが、2月に両社を退任する。
English: In Osaka City, there was Osaka Gas Company already as mentioned earlier however none existed in the neighboring Sakai City, and it was under examination for Osaka Gas Company to provide the service to Sakai City as well.
Japanese: 大阪市では前述の大阪瓦斯があったが、隣接する堺市にはガス会社がなく、大阪瓦斯が堺市のガス事業を行なうことが検討された。
English: To do so however required the change of the company articles through a shareholder meeting and the consent from Osaka City amongst others that made an early project commencement impossible.
Japanese: しかし、それを行なうには株主総会を経て定款を変更することや、大阪市の同意を必要とすることなど、早期の立ち上げが困難だった。
English: Sakai Gas Company was newly founded and he assumed the president position as well until he was dismissed from Osaka Gas Company as the president.
Japanese: ことから堺瓦斯を新たに設立し、大阪瓦斯社長を解任されるまで堺瓦斯社長も兼任した。
English: Gas manufacturing produced a by-product coal tar and as a result Toyo Lumber Preservation Company was founded to make and distribute creosote oil by distillation for lumber preservation use.
Japanese: ガス製造を行なう際、副産物としてコールタールが得られるが、それを有効利用するために蒸留してクレオソート油を製造し、木材防腐用として販売することが検討され、東洋木材防腐が設立される。
English: During the 30's of the Meiji period, the existing Nankai Railway and Koya Railway systems were inadequate in connecting Osaka City and Kishu (present Wakayama prefecture) as the commute took over two hours by Nankai Main Line.
Japanese: 明治30年代、大阪市と紀州方面を結ぶ鉄道会社は南海鉄道と高野鉄道があったが設備が十分でなく、また南海本線は所要時間2時間以上であったため、絶対的な輸送力が不足していた。
English: In December, Kataoka assumed the role of president of the newly founded Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd. which served to connect the cities between Osaka and Sakai.
Japanese: そこで大阪市と堺市を結ぶ阪堺電気軌道が12月に設立され、同社社長を務めることとなる。
English: Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd. and Nankai Railway's lines overlapped creating useless competition and to avert such competition, both companies were merged by Nankai Railway merging with Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd. and he remained as the president under the conditions of the merger.
Japanese: 阪堺電気軌道は南海鉄道と路線が競合していたため、両社間において競争が起こったが、不毛な競争を終息させるため両社間で合併協議がなされ、、南海鉄道が阪堺電気軌道を吸収合併することと決まり、面目上、阪堺電気軌道側から南海鉄道社長が選出されることになったため、引き続き南海鉄道の社長となる。
English: However, Naoteru delegated the day-to-day business operations to Tadaaki OTSUKA from Nankai Railway and limited his involvement to listening and discussing over the report with him.
Japanese: だが、直輝は有能だった南海電鉄側の大塚惟明に実務を任せることにしたため、その報告を聞き協議するだけの立場にとどめた。
English: In September, he was elected to become a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers) by Imperial order and also decided to retire from the business world.
Japanese: 9月、貴族院議員に勅撰されていたことや実業界から身を引くことを決意していたため、辞表を提出した。
English: Tadaaki OTSUKA was elected to be a successor president however due to his health reason, it was necessary to select an early successor and he was involved in that process.
Japanese: 次期社長は大塚惟明に決まったが、健康上の理由により早期の後継者を選出する必要が出たため、その選出に関わることとなる。
English: In April 1907, Shuzo TOYAMA retired as president just prior to the shareholder's meeting of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. which left the president's position vacant.
Japanese: 1907年（明治40年）4月、阪神電気鉄道の株主総会が開かれたが、それに先立ち社長であった外山修造が引退し、総会時は社長は空席のままだった。
English: Naoteru was approached to become the president however, he declined because of his involvement in the gas business at the time.
Japanese: そのため直輝を社長に、という打診があったが、この際はガス事業の事情により辞退する。
English: In December, he became the managing director of Kita Osaka Electric Tramway when it was founded and within a few months, he became the managing director of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. when it merged with the company.
Japanese: 12月、北大阪電気軌道が設立され同社取締役となるが、わずか数ヶ月で阪神電鉄に吸収合併されることとなり、阪神電鉄の取締役となった。
English: In 1917, he gladly accepted to fill the vacancy as president in light of Rinsaburo IMANISHI's proposal to dismiss a senior managing director and realize his own desire of consolidating private railway companies in Kansai region.
Japanese: 1917年（大正6年）、今西林三郎が専務取締役の解任を申し出たことに際し、同年大阪瓦斯社長を解任されていたこと、関西の私鉄を一つにまとめ上げるという理想があったことなどがあり、この際は快く引き受け空席だった社長を務めることになった。
English: There were high hopes of utilizing his deep-rooted connections with Nankai Railway and Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd., however this never came to pass since he resigned as president in 1922 for the same reason he resigned as president of Nankai Railway.
Japanese: 南海鉄道や大阪電気軌道とも関係が深く、理想が実現する可能性は低くなかったが、結局その理想の実現には至らず、南海電鉄社長辞任と同じ理由により1922年（大正11年）社長を辞任する。
English: He supported and revived the construction project owner Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. and its contractor Obayashi Gumi that incurred massive debt from the Ikoma tunnel project.
Japanese: 生駒トンネル建設に際し、多大な負債が発生した発注元の大阪電気軌道、また建設を担当した大林組を支援し再建する。
English: Despite the story being exacerbated, there existed a sliver of truth which took its toll on the bank in March of the same year.
Japanese: 記事の内容はかなり誇張されたものであったが、全ての記事を荒唐無稽として排斥できない面もあったため、同年3月に取り付け騒ぎが起こる。
English: Although the problem was kept under control due to ample funds from the bank's trading exchange market, huge withdrawals were made through the note clearing house as days went by.
Japanese: 最初の頃は、現在における銀行間取引市場より潤沢な資金が借りられたため大きな混乱は生じなかったが、日を追う毎に手形交換所を通じて巨額の引き出しをされるようになる。
English: By detecting such development, Naoteru together with Chiyosaburo WATANABE took counter measures of their own without consulting with the president of the Kitahama Bank Kiyochika IWASHITA who was then in Tokyo unbeknownst to a developing event.
Japanese: その動きを察知した直輝は渡辺千代三郎とともに、東京にあって未だ事情を知らない北浜銀行頭取岩下清周に無断で対策を講じる。
English: First, after negotiating an agreement with the Governor of Osaka and the chief editor of the newspaper company to stop publishing the article, he sent a telegraph to Iwashita and upon arriving in Osaka he visited the chief editor of the newspaper company to put a stop to the article which ended up being too late as the bank had insufficient funds to satisfy customer withdrawal requests the next day.
Japanese: まず取り付け騒ぎの原因となっている新聞記事の差し止めを求め大阪府知事や新聞社主宰と交渉し、その間に岩下へ電報を打電、急遽大阪に戻った岩下は自ら新聞社主宰を訪れ、記事停止の了解を得ることはできたが時既に遅く、その翌日には一時引き出しができない事態を生じる。
English: Amongst the chaos of those associated with Kitahama Bank, the first request for financial aid to Fujita Zaibatsu was rejected by Baron FUJITA because of his father's will stating his desire for them not to get too deeply involved with the bank.
Japanese: 北浜銀行に関係のある人々が急遽集められ対策を講じることとなったが、最初に支援を要請した藤田財閥の藤田男爵は先代の遺言により銀行と深い関わりを持つことを断られる。
English: Because of this, he consulted with the Bank of Japan branch office and received cooperation to arrange a means of rescuing Kitahama Bank through the Bank of Japan head office.
Japanese: 次の策として日本銀行支店へ北浜銀行の救済方法を相談すると、日銀本店に連絡し対策を講じてもらうこととなる。
English: In addition, on the 24th, Osaka Tegata Kokansho (note exchange) filed a petition requesting need of emergency aid to the Finance Minister and the head of the Bank of Japan while the Governor of Osaka Prefecture filed a petition for rescue aid as well.
Japanese: また24日、大阪手形交換所は大蔵大臣、日銀総裁に至急救援が必要との旨の陳情書を提出、大阪府知事からも救済を要請してもらう。
English: Although the request for the special loan to rescue Kitahama Bank was approved on that same day at the Bank of Japan head office, the loan for only three million yen was depleted within three days and withdrawals were unable to be met once again.
Japanese: 同日中、日銀本店において北浜銀行を特別融通により救済することが決議されたが、この融通は300万円が限度とされ、わずか3日後には再び引き出しができなくなる。
English: Upon further consultation between the Finance Minister and the head of Bank of Japan and under the condition that Kitahama Bank executives would assume responsibility for the loan, necessary funds were granted and withdrawals were once again possible from the 29th after Fusazo TANIGUCHI, who was most entrusted and was successful in persuading Baron Fujita who was the thought to be the least likely to cooperate with their plan.
Japanese: 再度善後策を講じることになり渡辺が日銀支店に相談すると、日銀総裁と大蔵大臣が協議して北浜銀行重役が責任を負うならば必要資金を融通する用意があることを聞き出し、最も了解が得られにくいと思われた藤田男爵の了解を取り付けるべく、藤田男爵から最も信頼の厚かった谷口房藏に説得を要請、夜を徹して説得に当たった結果、藤田男爵家からの承諾を得ることができ、29日から引き出しが可能となった。
English: The bank was reorganized with the appointment of Shotaro SUGIMURA as the new head of the bank who had the opinion of the executives in insisting the complete exclusion of Iwashita and his clan from Kitahama Bank upon his resignation for taking his responsibility for the event.
Japanese: 岩下はこの責任を取り頭取を辞することになり、次の頭取を決めることになったが、岩下を北浜銀行から完全排除すべきという考えの重役が新頭取に杉村正太郎を立て重役会を刷新し、新体制で経営をスタートさせた。
English: Soon after, a one million yen embezzlement scandal erupted at the Nagoya branch of the bank and he proposed his dismissal from the president position due to its difficulty to remain as a going concern during the emergency shareholder meeting held in August of the same year.
Japanese: だが、それからすぐ同行名古屋支店において100万円の横領事件が発覚し、同年8月、臨時総会にて北浜銀行の事業継続は困難との理由を以て臨時休業を発表し解任を申し出る。
English: Naoteru searched for his successor to avert the bankruptcy, however, couldn't find any good candidate for the position.
Japanese: このままでは銀行が破産してしまうため直輝は次の頭取を探すことになるが、なかなか良い人材は見つからなかった。
English: In November of the same year, Kitahama Bank made its third start with Tohei TAKAKURA who made a success in the stock market as the head of the bank.
Japanese: 同年11月、株式で成功していた高倉藤平が頭取になり北浜銀行は三度の出発となった。
English: The reason for Naoteru's deep involvement in the crisis was not only out of his concern that such failure would affect the economy of the Kansai region but also a subsequent failure of Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. and Obayashi Gumi whose president was his friend Yoshigoro OBAYASHI.
Japanese: 直輝がこの北浜銀行の危機に深く関わったのは、破綻が関西経済に容易ならざる悪影響を与えることもあったが、大阪電気軌道の経営破綻と、その先にある友人の大林芳五郎が社長を勤めた大林組の破綻があったからである。
English: The underlying reason for the toll taken at Kitahama Bank was the reckless massive loan made to Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. in connection with the Ikoma tunnel construction project.
Japanese: 北浜銀行に取り付け騒ぎが起こった一番の原因は、生駒トンネル建設工事で無謀とも思われる多額の資金を大阪電気軌道に貸し出したためである。
English: In fact, Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. was struggling to stay afloat because of the cost of Ikoma tunnel construction.
Japanese: 実際、大阪電気軌道は生駒トンネルの建設費用により経営が圧迫され危機的状況に陥っていた。
English: Also its project contractor Obayashi Gumi was facing insolvency without getting paid after the promissory notes became worthless.
Japanese: また、建設を請け負った大林組は約束手形が無価値同然となり、ほとんど支払いを受けられなかったため、こちらも危機的状況に陥った。
English: Naoteru moved to reorganize Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. as the most important priority in order to rescue Obayashi Gumi and the Kitahama Bank.
Japanese: 大林組、北浜銀行を救済するためには大阪電気軌道を改革することが最も重要であったため、直輝はその改革に乗り出す。
English: First, he submitted a proposed reorganizational plan to Mitsui Bussan, one of the major creditors excluding Kitahama Bank and Obayashi Gumi, after their consultation.
Japanese: まず、北浜銀行と大林組を除く巨額の債権をもつ三井物産と協議し、改革案を案出する。
English: Naoteru reorganized the new management team with Ryuji OTSUKI as its principal after he was requested by the creditors and the people of concern for the recommendation of new president and among other matters.
Japanese: さらに他の債権者を含む関係者から、社長などの推薦指名を委嘱された直輝は、大阪電気軌道の幹部に大槻龍治を中心として新たな新体制を成立させる。
English: The business at Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. improved afterwards with the increased ridership and cost cutting measures.
Japanese: その後、乗客数の増加や経費削減により大阪電気軌道の経営は改善することとなる。
English: Many of the creditor banks moved to foreclose on the loans regardless of the collaterals held in order to minimize their losses in the event of insolvency when the promissory notes issued in connection with the construction project by Osaka Electric Tramway Co., Ltd. were found to be worthless.
Japanese: 大阪電気軌道発注工事での約束手形が無価値同然となっていたため、破綻による損失を少しでも軽減するべく、債権を持つ多数の銀行は差し入れている担保品にかかわらず回収に動いた。
English: Together with Watanabe, Naoteru negotiated with many creditor banks to extend the loan to the full amount of the collateral value, but was unsuccessful.
Japanese: 直輝はなんとか救済できないものかと渡辺とともに多数の銀行を奔走し、担保品による借入額を満額まで調達できるように交渉したが謝絶された。
English: In 1915, he was notified by few of the creditor banks that the loan would be foreclosed if around two hundred thousand yen could not be raised.
Japanese: 1915年（大正4年）、二十数万円の資金が調達できなければ強制処分すると、いくつかの銀行に通告される。
English: Watanabe went to see Dr. Seiichi KISHI in Tokyo and borrowed some tens of thousands of yen from him also they received a loan of around two hundred thousand yen from Mitsui Bank on the condition of surrendering negotiable instruments with the value equal to seventy percent of the loan amount along with jointly cosigning the loan by the three Naoteru, Watanabe and Kishi to avert the crisis situation in the end.
Japanese: 渡辺は東京の岸淸一博士を訪ね、数万円を借り、また三井銀行から担保総額の約七掛けにあたる有価証券の提供と、直輝、渡辺、岸の3名による連帯債務とすることを条件に約20万円の資金を融通され、危急の事態は回避された。
English: He continued to be involved with in-house organizational matters and supported the company as an advisor even after it became a joint stock corporation.
Japanese: その後も家政整理に関わり、株式会社化された後も相談役として後援した。
English: A stock certificate forgery by an employee at Kitahama Bank was brought to light with damage amounting to eight hundred thousand yen.
Japanese: 、北浜銀行で行員による株券偽造事件が発覚、損害額は八十数万円に上る。
English: Damage to the bank's credibility was far greater than the monetary losses as this brought on the possibility of another crisis.
Japanese: そしてその金銭的損害よりも信用的損害が大きいため、再度の取り付け騒ぎが起こってもおかしくない状況となった。
English: Naoteru requested Chiyosaburo WATANABE to coordinate between banks and with his diligent efforts, the crisis was averted and settled at one fifth the amount of the full liability.
Japanese: 直輝は渡辺千代三郎に銀行間の調整を要請し、渡辺の努力により損害賠償額の5分の1にて示談が成立、円満解決となり危機は回避された。
English: Kitahama Bank later merged with Sanjushi Bank and thus ended its mark in history.
Japanese: 北浜銀行はその後、に三十四銀行と合併し、その歴史を閉じることとなる。