nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Due to the defeat of MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo whom Morituna's father followed in the Heiji War in 1159, Hidetsuna (name of Moritsuna before Genpuku (coming-of-age ceremony)) escaped to the Kanto region with his family and was protected by Shigekuni SHIBUYA.
Japanese: 平治元年（1159年）の平治の乱で父が従った源義朝の敗北により、一門と共に関東へと落ち延び、渋谷重国の庇護を受ける。
English: After having Genpuku and changing the name to Moritsuna, he came to serve MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who was a bereaved child of Yoshitomo and had been exiled to Izu Province at the age of 16.
Japanese: 仁安(日本)元年（1166年）、元服して名を盛綱に改めると、16歳で伊豆国に流された義朝の遺児・源頼朝の身辺に仕える事となった。
English: On August 6, 1180, Moritsuna was ordered to come to a private room of Yoritomo who made up his mind to defeat the Taira clan, and was told about a plan to raise an army.
Japanese: 治承4年（1180年）8月6日、平氏打倒を決意した頼朝の私室に一人呼ばれ、挙兵の計画を告げられる。
English: At that time, Yoritomo said to Moritsuna, "Although I don't tell it to anyone yet, I tell my plan to you because I absolutely trust you."
Japanese: この時に頼朝は「未だ口外せざるといえも、偏に汝を恃むに依って話す」と述べた。
English: The above episode showed that Moritsuna was very much trusted by Yoritomo from the beginning even though Yoritomo told the same thing to other retainers such as Shigemitsu KUDO, Sanehira DOI, Yoshizane OKAZAKI, Tokage AMANO and Kagekado KATO.
Japanese: 頼朝は他の家人である工藤茂光、土肥実平、岡崎義実、天野遠景、加藤景廉にも同様の言葉を述べていたが、それでも盛綱は当初から頼朝の信頼が厚かった事が分かる。
English: On August 17, 1180, the day of raising an army, Moritsuna's older brothers killed Nobuto TSUTSUMI who was considered to act as guardian of Kanetaka YAMAKI and a brave warrior, and then, Moritsuna went to Kanetaka's residence with Kagekado and cut off his head.
Japanese: 8月17日の挙兵の日、兄達が山木兼隆の後見で勇士とされた堤信遠を討った後、景廉と共に兼隆の邸宅へと赴きその首を獲った。
English: When Moritsuna and his old brothers fled to the residence of Shigekuni SHIBUYA who had taken the side of the Taira clan in the Battle of Ishibashiyama, Shigekuni welcomed them, sheltered them in a warehouse and offered hospitality.
Japanese: 盛綱兄弟は石橋山で平氏側であった渋谷重国の館に逃れ、重国は喜んで盛綱らを迎え倉庫に隠しもてなした。
English: When Yoritomo who had fled to Awa Province rose a force of soldiers again and entered Kamakura, Moritsuna and his old brothers rushed to Yoritomo again.
Japanese: 安房へ逃れていた頼朝が再び兵を集め鎌倉に入ると、盛綱兄弟は再び頼朝の下に参じた。
English: Moritsuna and his old brothers defeated the Taira clan in the Battle of Fujigawa on October 20, 1180, and were granted a former territory of Sasakinosho in the grant of honors held on August 23, 1180 at the provincial capital of Sagami Province for the first time after the raising of army.
Japanese: 10月20日の富士川の戦いで平氏を破り、23日に相模国国府で行われた挙兵後初の論功行賞では、旧領の佐々木庄を安堵された。
English: On June 7, 1182, he took care of Kagekado KATO who got falling-down drunk at a drinking party at Yuigahama.
Japanese: 寿永元年（1182年）6月7日、由比々浜での酒宴で、酒に酔い倒れた加藤景廉の介抱を行う。
English: On October 17, 1182, Moritsuna became one of palanquin bearers when MINAMOTO no Yoriie, Yoritomo's legitimate son, moved from ubuya (a hut for delivering babies) to a residence on the palanquin.
Japanese: 10月17日、頼朝の嫡子である源頼家が産所から邸宅に入る際の輿を担いでいる。
English: In December 1184, Moritsuna was in Kojima of Bizen Province to search and kill the Taira clan, and on December 7, 1184, he captured a castle which was held by more than 500 horse soldiers led by TAIRA no Yukimori.
Japanese: 元暦元年（1184年）12月、盛綱は平氏追討の為備前国児島に在り、7日には平行盛が率いる五百余騎が篭もる城を攻め落とす。
English: The battle called the Battle of Fujito was also described in the "Heike Monogatari (The tale of the Heike)," and according to the Heike Monogatari, Moritsuna, who got information from a fisherman about a ford which was shallow enough for horses to cross, rode across the sea by cutting through the waves and took the lead in invading an island to which Yukimori confined himself.
Japanese: この合戦は藤戸合戦と呼ばれ、『平家物語』にも描かれており、島に篭もる行盛に対し、漁師から馬でも渡れる浅瀬を聞き出した盛綱が、波を馬で乗り越え先陣を切って攻め入ったとされる。
English: Under circumstances where a confrontation between MINAMOTO no Yoritomo and his younger brother, MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, got more serious after the fall of the TAIRA clan, Yoritomo held a memorial service for his father, MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, on October 24, 1185, and Moritsuna also attended it.
Japanese: 平家滅亡後、源頼朝と弟の源義経との間で対立が深まっており、そうした中の文治元年（1185年）10月24日、頼朝は父である源義朝の供養を行い、盛綱もそれに列している。
English: On October 24, 1186, Moritsuna accompanied Yoritomo on his visit to Amanawa-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 文治2年（1185年）10月24日、甘縄神社へ参拝した頼朝に随行する。
English: On July 10, 1188, he joined a ceremony of MINAMOTO no Yoriie's first wearing armor.
Japanese: 文治4年（1187年）7月10日、源頼家が初めて鎧を着る儀式に加わる。
English: On July 20 of the same year, there occurred an incident that Nobuzane KAJI, 15-year-old son of Moritsuna, hit Suketsune KUDO on the forehead with a stone while they were palying a game of Sugoroku at Yoritomo's residence, and Suketsune got bleeding.
Japanese: 同年7月20日、頼朝の邸宅での双六の最中に、盛綱の15歳の息子・加地信実が工藤祐経の額を石で打ち、流血へと至る事件が起きる。
English: Although he chased Nobuzane who escaped from there, Moritsuna was ordered by Yoritomo to capture Nobuzane on the following day.
Japanese: 信実はその場を逃れ、盛綱はその後を追ったが、翌日に頼朝より信実を捕らえよと命じられる。
English: However, Moritsuna said that he disowned his son, Nobuzane, because Nobuzane had already run away and become a priest.
Japanese: しかし盛綱は、信実は既に出家を遂げ逃亡し、親子の縁を切ったと述べる。
English: When Yoritomo ordered Moritsuna to apologize to Suketsune, Moritsuna refused to apologize on the grounds that he had already disowned his son.
Japanese: 頼朝が盛綱に対し、祐経に対する謝罪を命じると、既に親子の縁を切った事を理由に謝罪を拒否した。
English: From September to November 1190, Moritsuna who accompanied Yoritomo on his going to Kyoto also accompanied Yoritomo on his visit to the Imperial Palace, to Iwashimizu Hachiman-gu Shrine, and so on.
Japanese: 9月から11月、頼朝に従い上洛し、院への参上や石清水八幡宮への参拝などに随行する。
English: On October 1, 1191, Moritsuna presented 15 cows produced in Oshu (Mutsu Province) and Echigo Province to Yoritomo.
Japanese: 建久2年（1191年）10月1日、奥州と越後国よりウシ15頭を頼朝に贈る。
English: On September 7, 1193, Moritsuna was appointed to Tonoi (guard) of the Imperial Palace which had been devastated after the death of the Emperor Goshirakawa.
Japanese: 建久4年（1193年）9月7日には後白河天皇の崩御後に荒廃していた御所の宿直を命じられる。
English: On February 2, 1194, he attended a genpuku (attainment of manhood) ceremony for Yasutoki HOJO, and on November 21 of the same year, he participated in kasagake (horseback archery competition) held as one of Shinto rituals at Mishima-taisha Shrine.
Japanese: 建久5年（1194年）2月2日、北条泰時の元服式に、11月21日には三島大社の神事による笠懸に加わる。
English: On April 10, 1195, Moritsuna accompanied Yoritomo on his visit to the Imperial Palace when Yoritomo came to Kyoto for memorial service for Todai-ji Temple, and he was appointed as Hyoe no jo (Lieutenant of the Middle Palace Guards) at this time.
Japanese: 建久6年（1195年）4月10日、東大寺供養の為に上洛した頼朝の参内に従い、この時には兵衛尉に任じられている。
English: On March 22, 1199 after Yoritomo died, Moritsuna had already entered into priesthood, and called himself Sainen.
Japanese: 頼朝が没した後の建久10年（1199年）3月22日には、出家しており西念と称する。
English: On April 3, 1201, Sainen who was in Isobe-go of Kozuke Province was ordered to subdue a rebellion raised by Sukemori JO and Hangaku Gozen.
Japanese: 建仁元年（1201年）4月3日、上野国磯部郷に在り、城資盛・坂額御前の反乱の制圧を命じられる。
English: After receiving the order on April 5, 1201, Sainen fought a fierce battle with Sukemori JO who stood ready to fight at Tossaka-jo Castle in Echigo Province, before defeating him (Kennin War).
Japanese: 命令は4月5日に西念の下に届き、越後国鳥坂城に構える城資盛を激戦の末に破った（建仁の乱）。
English: In the Makishi Incident, he joined the army to defeat Tomomasa who was in Kyoto, on leap July 26, 1205.
Japanese: 牧氏事件では、元久2年（1205年）閏7月26日京に在った朝雅を討つ軍に加わる。
English: TAIRA no Sadamori (year of birth unknown - November 16, 989) was a Busho (Japanese military commander) in the mid Heian period.
Japanese: 平貞盛（たいらのさだもり、生年不詳-永祚(日本)元年10月15日(旧暦)（989年11月16日）？）は、平安時代中期の武将。
English: While Sadamori served as Meryo in Heian-Kyo (ancient capital in current Kyoto), his father TAIRA no Kunika was killed by his male cousin TAIRA no Masakado.
Japanese: 承平(日本)5年（935年）父国香が従兄弟の平将門に討たれた際は平安京で馬寮在任中であった。
English: Hastily returning home after taking a leave of absence, he searched out the corpse of his father Kunika at his house burnt down, and found out his mother and his wife both of whom had evacuated in the mountains.
Japanese: 休暇を申請して急遽帰国し、焼失した自宅から父国香の屍を探し、山中に避難した母と妻を探し出す。
English: Sadamori showed TAIRA no Masakado his stance that promoting friendly relationships with each other would be the best way.
Japanese: 貞盛は仇敵である平将門に「互いに親睦をはかるのが最も良策である」という態度をみせている。
English: However, induced by his uncles TAIRA no Yoshikane and TAIRA no Yoshimasa, who had been plotting an attack on Masakado, Sadamori joined them to fight against Masakado.
Japanese: しかし、叔父の平良兼・平良正らが将門を攻めると誘われ、これに加わり将門と対立する。
English: A secret plot to go to the capital on April 6, 989 was found out by Masakado.
Japanese: 天慶元年（938年）2月29日、密かに上洛を企てるも将門に察知された。
English: Chased by Masakado troops, he was attacked at the neighborhood of Shinano Kokubun-ji Temple in Chiisagata-gun, Shinano Province, which was under the control of Masakado, but he managed to escape.
Japanese: 将門勢力下の信濃国小県郡の信濃国分寺付近で追撃を受けるも脱出に成功。
English: Taking advantage of the conflict in Hitachi Province in November, he plotted to kill Masakado only to fail again and hid himself again along with FUJIWARA no Tamenori.
Japanese: 11月常陸国の紛争を利用して将門を討たんとするも再び失敗、藤原為憲と共に再び身を隠した。
English: In 940, in cooperation with FUJIWARA no Hidesato, he attacked and killed Masakado in 'Kitayama no Kessen' (the decisive battles of Kitayama) on February 14.
Japanese: 天慶3年（940年）、藤原秀郷と協力して将門を攻め、2月14日「北山の決戦」にてこれを滅ぼす。
English: After subduing Masakado, Sadamori was awarded Jugoinojo (Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade) (other theory suggests that he was awarded Shogoinojo [Senior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade)] for his great efforts to defeat rebels such as Masakado, while overcoming hardships for many years.
Japanese: 将門討伐後、将門ら謀反人を討つことができたのも、多年の苦難を経て努力した貞盛の為すところも大きいとして、従五位上（正五位上とも）に叙せられた。
English: According to "Shomonki" (Tale of Masakado), Sadamori was often defeated and chased by Masakado despite showing a friendly attitude to him.
Japanese: 『将門記』では将門と親睦をはかろうとする態度を見せたり、たびたび将門に敗れて追われる様の多い貞盛である。
English: However, "Konjyaku Monogatari Shu" vol.29 "This land with evil" (本朝付悪業), the episode fifth titled "The story of Ason (second highest of the eight hereditary titles) TAIRA no Sadamori, who shot a robber at the house of a Buddhist priest" introduces his heroic exploit against a robber at the house of a Buddhist priest of his acquaintance, where he stayed on his way back to the capital from Mutsu Province.
Japanese: しかし、『今昔物語集』巻第二十九・本朝付悪行では、第五話「平貞盛朝臣、法師ノ家ニ於テ盗人ヲ射取リシ語」の、陸奥から帰京の途中に知人の法師の家に宿った際、盗人相手に振るった武勇の逸話が述べられている。
English: In addition, his daring character is also introduced in the episode 25th titled "The story of Tanba no Kami (the governor of Tanba Province) TAIRA no Sadamori, who extracted the internal organs of an unborn baby" by a story that Sadamori not only cut open the belly of a pregnant woman to get her unborn baby's internal organs for the treatment of his arrow wound, but also plotted to kill the doctor who taught him the remedy for fear that such a cruel conduct would come to light.
Japanese: また、第二十五話「丹波守平貞盛、児ノ肝ヲ取リシ語」の、妊婦の腹を裂き胎児の肝を得て自分の矢傷の治療をし、その秘密を守るため治療法を伝授した医師の殺害を企てた、という逸話とが述べられ、豪胆な人物に記述されている。
English: Eizaburo ABIRU (born 1842, died May 23, 1863), was a soldier of the Mibu masterless warriors group.
Japanese: 阿比類鋭三郎（あびるえいさぶろう、天保13年（1842年）-文久3年4月6日(旧暦)（1863年5月23日））は壬生浪士組隊士。
English: He was studied the Hokushin-Ittoryu Kobudo school of swordsmanship under Eijiro CHIBA (Eijiro Nariyuki CHIBA) who was the second son of Shusaku CHIBA, and
Japanese: 千葉周作の次男、千葉栄次郎（千葉栄次郎成之）の門に入り、北辰一刀流を修めた。
English: Although he is not often made the subject of dramatic depictions and the like, due to its humble status, he did appear in the NHK Historical drama "Shinsengumi!" (his role was played by Taro YABE, of comedy duo Karateka).
Japanese: 地味な隊士でありドラマ等ではあまり登場しないが、日本放送協会の大河ドラマ・『新選組!』に登場（演じたのはお笑いコンビ・カラテカ(お笑いコンビ)の矢部太郎）。
English: One night while he was having a coughing fit in the hallway, he reported to Isami Kondo that he had witnessed from the window a member of the masterless warriors group named Yoshio TONOUCHI make contact with a member of the Tadasaburo SASAKI group.
Japanese: ある夜、廊下で咳き込んでいたところ、浪士組の一人殿内義雄が佐々木只三郎の一派と接触しているところを小窓から目撃し、近藤勇に通報。
English: Because of these developments, the Mibu masterless warriors group became fractured, whereupon Toshizo HIJIKATA is said to have made Kondo stand up and bear verbal abuse in relation to the demise of Tonouchi, offering his condolences, and expressing his resolve to play a more active role.
Japanese: この始末をめぐり壬生浪士組は分裂し、土方歳三は始末の前面に近藤を立たせたて近藤を苦しめたことを悔やみ、以降憎まれ役を買うことを決意する。
English: As a result, Abiru's report indirectly determined that the direction taken by the Mibu masterless warriors group to come under the guiding influence of the way of life of Hijikata.
Japanese: 結果として阿比留の通報は、壬生浪士組の方向性と土方の生き様を間接的に決定づけるものとなった。
English: TAIRA no Kunika (year of birth unknown-March, 935) was a busho (Japanese military commander) lived in the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 平国香（たいらのくにか平國香、生年未詳-承平(日本)5年（935年）2月(旧暦)）は、平安時代中期の武将。
English: He was given the surname of Taira and was demoted from the Imperial family to a subject by the Imperial order of Emperor Uda on June 18, 889.
Japanese: 寛平元年5月13日(旧暦)（889年6月14日）、宇多天皇の勅命により平姓を賜与され臣籍降下した。
English: In 898, he left the capital for Bando region with his father Takamochi who was appointed Kazusa no kuni no suke (officer in charge of regional administration in Kazusa) and based on Higashi-ishita at the western foot of Mt. Tsukuba in Hitachi Province.
Japanese: 昌泰元年（898年）に上総国介に任じられた父の高望とともに坂東に下向、常陸国筑波山西麓の東石田を本拠地とした。
English: He had extended the power of Bando-Heishi (Taira clan) and then strengthened the foundation of Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan), the line of Prince Takamochi, being expanded many parts of the country.
Japanese: 坂東平氏の勢力を拡大、その後各地に広がる高望王流桓武平氏の基盤を固めた。
English: When his nephew TAIRA no Masakado was attacked by ambushing MINAMOTO no Tasuku who was a son of Kunika's father-in-law, Mamoru and went on the counterattack on March 16, 935, Kunika was killed in a fire of his residence called Ishida-kan.
Japanese: 舅である護の子源扶に要撃された甥の平将門が、承平5年（935年）2月4日(旧暦)に反撃に出た際、居館の石田館が焼かれ死亡した。
English: His son TAIRA no Sadamori, who had heard the news during his term at Meryo (the section taking care of imperial horses) in Kyoto, applied for vacation to go back home in a hurry.
Japanese: 京都で馬寮在任中にこの報せを聞いた子の平貞盛は休暇を申請して急遽帰国。
English: Even though he had tried to bury old hatred and bring about a reconciliation once, his uncle TAIRA no Yoshikane criticized and persuaded him to be hostile to Masakado, which prefaced the Johei and Tengyo War.
Japanese: 一時は旧怨を水に流し将門との和平路線を取ろうとするも、叔父の平良兼に批判・説得されて将門に敵対する事となり、承平天慶の乱の発端となった。
English: OMI no Mifune (722 - July 30, 785) was a literary man in the late Nara period.
Japanese: 淡海三船（おうみのみふね、養老6年（722年）-延暦4年7月17日(旧暦)（785年8月30日））は、奈良時代後期の文人。
English: When the Emperor bestowed a ranked title of 'Mahito' on about thirty princes on January 27, 751, Mifune no Okimi received the kabane title of OMI no Mahito.
Japanese: 751年（天平勝宝3年）正月27日、30人ほどの諸王に対し「真人」賜姓が行われ、御船王は淡海真人の姓を賜った。
English: As his official profile given posthumously says that he seemed to be intelligent and sharp, read through many books, and like to write very much, ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu's one describes them as 'top literary men.'
Japanese: 卒伝に「性識聡敏にして群書を渉覧しもっとも筆札を好む」と見え石上宅嗣（いそのかみのやかつぐ）の卒伝に二人が「文人の首」と称されたとある。
English: In May 756, he was put into prison with OTOMO no Koshibi for defaming the Imperial Court by the Imperial Guards.
Japanese: 756年（天平勝宝8歳）5月、朝廷を誹謗したとして大伴古慈斐（おおとものこしび）とともに衛士府に禁固された。
English: Because he was in Omi Province as a Zochishi (envoy responsible for building ponds and embankments) by chance when EMI no Oshikatsu War was occurred in September, 764, he burned down Seta-bashi bridge to prevent Oshikatsu from crossing the bridge.
Japanese: 764年(天平宝字8年)9月、恵美押勝の乱の時、偶然造池使として近江にいたため、勢多橋を焼き落とし、押勝の進軍を妨害する。
English: As a reward for his service during the war, he was promoted from the Imperial Court Rank of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) to Shogoinojo (Senior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade), awarded the Third Order of Merit, and became Omi no suke (an assistant governor of Omi Province).
Japanese: その功によって従五位下より正五位上、勲三等を授けられ、近江介となる。
English: After that, he became Nakatsukasa no taifu (Senior Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Central Affairs) and Jiju (Chamberlain), and he was appointed as Junsatsu-shi (Inspector) on Tosan-do Road in September, 766.
Japanese: その後中務大輔兼侍従に転じ、766年(天平神護2年)9月東山道巡察使に任じられた。
English: However, he was removed from his post in June, 767, because he was '検括酷苛' against the Attorney of Shimotsuke Province.
Japanese: しかし、下野国の国司に対して「検括酷苛」だったとして、767年（神護景雲元年）6月に解任された。
English: After experiencing Dazai no shoni (Junior Assistant Governor-General of Dazai-fu offices) and Gyobu no taifu (Senior Assistant Minister of Justice), he became Daigaku no kami (a Director of an Academy) and Monjo hakase (a doctor of letters) in April, 772.
Japanese: 大宰少弐、刑部大輔を経て、772年(宝亀3年)4月大学頭兼文章博士（もんじょはかせ）。
English: Also, according to 'Shiki' in "Shaku Nihongi" (an annotated text of the Nihon Shoki), Mifune selected 漢風諡 of all emperors from Emperor Jimmu to Empress Gensho (except Emperor Kobun and Emperor Mommu).
Japanese: また、『釈日本紀』所引「私記」には、三船が神武天皇から元正天皇までの全天皇（弘文天皇と文武天皇を除く）の漢風諡を一括撰進したことが記されている。
English: He wrote Jianzhen's biography 'Todaiwajo Toseiden' (Eastern Expedition of the Great Tang Monk) in 779, which is recognized as one of the most valuable historical materials.
Japanese: また、779年（宝亀10年）には鑑真の伝記「唐大和上東征伝」を記し、現在も貴重な史料として認められている。
English: OMI Koji-den' (a biography of layman OMI) of 'Enryaku Soroku' (a record of Enryaku-ji Temple monks) is partly left in 'Nihon Kosoden Yobunsho' (a biography of high ranking monks).
Japanese: 「日本高僧伝要文抄」に「延暦僧録」の「淡海居士伝」が一部残っている。
English: Kageki KAGAWA (May 25, 1768-April 26, 1843) was kajin (waka poet) in the latter part of the Edo period.
Japanese: 香川景樹（かがわかげき、明和5年4月10日(旧暦)（1768年5月25日）-天保14年3月28日(旧暦)（1843年4月26日））は、江戸時代後期の歌人。
English: His go (byname) were Keien, Toutei, Baigetsudo (梅月堂), Kanbokutei, Rinensha (臨淵社), Manshuro and Ichigatsuro (一月楼).
Japanese: 号は桂園（けいえん）・東塢亭（とううてい）・梅月堂・観鶩亭（かんぼくてい）・臨淵社・万水楼・一月楼。
English: He was fostered by Sadamasa (定賢) OKUMURA who was his relative and was adopted by Baigetsudo Kagemoto KAGAWA who was Kajin of Nijo school in the lineage of Sanenari SHIMIZUDANI in Kyoto.
Japanese: 親類である奥村定賢に養育され、京都で、清水谷実業の流れをくむ二条派の歌人梅月堂香川景柄（かがわかげもと）の養子縁組となった。
English: He dissolved the adoption in 1808, but continued to use the name of Kagawa.
Japanese: 1808年（文化元年）に離縁しているが、その後も香川を名乗っている。
English: He admired Roan OZAWA through his foster father Kagemoto and later began an original style of waka by proposing a theory 'Shirabe no setsu.'
Japanese: 養父景柄を通じて小沢蘆庵に私淑し、後に「しらべの説」を提唱して独自の歌風を創始。
English: Kokei BAN (November 7, 1733-September 7, 1806) was kajin (a waka poet) and a writer in the latter part of the Edo period.
Japanese: 伴蒿蹊（ばんこうけい、享保18年10月1日(旧暦)（1733年11月7日）-文化(元号)3年7月25日(旧暦)（1806年9月7日））は、江戸時代後期の歌人・文筆家。
English: He was born in Shoka (mercantile house) of Kyoto which originated from Omihachiman and he was adopted by a wealthy merchant Sukeyuki BAN (伴資之) of his head family at the age of eight.
Japanese: 生家は近江八幡出身の京都の商家で、8歳で本家の豪商伴資之の養子となった。
English: He succeeded the family estate at the age of 18 and dedicated himself to family business, but he retired to become a priest at the age of 36 and dedicated himself to writing after that.
Japanese: 18歳で家督を継ぎ家業に専念したが、36歳で隠居・剃髪し、その後著述に専念した。
English: Dosen (702 - May 7, 760) was a Buddhist monk who lived during the Tang Dynasty in China.
Japanese: 道璿（どうせん、702年（長安2年）-760年5月7日（天平宝字4年4月18日(旧暦)））は、中国唐代の僧。
English: He lived in Daifukusen-ji Temple in Luoyang so as to have himself enlightened on Vinaya (Buddhist precepts) by Johin, and on Chan (Chinese Zen Buddhism) and Huayan Doctrine (teachings of Chinese Kegon Buddhism) by Fujaku, who was the 7th patriarch of a sect of the Northern school (Beizong) of Chan.
Japanese: 洛陽大福先寺に住して定賓（じょうひん）に戒律を、北宗系の禅で第7祖とされる普寂に禅と華厳教学を学んだ。
English: Japanese monks called Yoei and Fusho, who had visited Tang, invited Dosen to Japan so as to have him bring Vinaya to Japan prior to Ganjin, and Dosen thus came to Japan in 736 (equivalent of Kaigen 24 in Tang China, Tenpyo 8 in Japan), accompanied by Bodaisenna (Bodhisena) from India and Buttetsu from Vietnam.
Japanese: 入唐した僧栄叡（ようえい）・普照（ふしょう）の要請により、鑑真に先だち戒律を将来するために日本に招かれ、736年（開元24年、天平8年）インド出身の僧菩提僊那・ベトナム出身の僧仏哲とともに来日する。
English: In Japan, Dosen attempted to spread the teachings of the Northern school of Chan (Zen) by building a 'Zen-in' Temple at Daian-ji Temple and edited "Bonmokyo-sho" (Exegesis on Fanwan Jing [Bonmokyo]) for teaching the Vinaya precepts.
Japanese: 渡来後の道璿は、北宗禅を広めるため、大安寺に「禅院」を設置し、戒律では『梵網経疏』を撰した。
English: After the Daian-ji Temple, he entered Hisosan-ji Temple in Yoshino, where he applied himself to Zen training, thereby supposedly influencing Sangaku-shugenja (mountaineering ascetics) a great deal.
Japanese: 後に、吉野の比蘇山寺に入り、修禅に精励し、山岳修験者にも少なからぬ影響を与えたとされる。
English: Saicho's idea of "Shishu Sosho" (literally, four types of inheritance of Buddhism: Tendai, Esoteric Buddhism, Zen and Daijo-kai [Mahayana precepts]) was allegedly influenced by the teachings of Gyokusen Tendai (the Tiantai [Tendai] group at the Gyokusen-ji Temple in Jingzhou) that Dosen had introduced.
Japanese: 最澄の「四種相承」（天台・密教・禅宗・大乗戒）の思想は、道璿が伝えた玉泉天台（荊州玉泉寺の天台）の影響とされる。
English: Gensuke ITO (date of birth unknown, 1842 - January 30, 1870) was a regimental soldier in the shinsengjumi, and was someone who had submitted an application to enlist in the shinsengumi.
Japanese: 伊藤源助（いとうげんすけ、天保13年（1842年）?-明治2年12月29日(旧暦)（1870年1月30日））は新選組平隊士、または新選組入隊志願者。
English: According to the account given by Kanefumi NISHIMURA in "Mibu Roshi Shimatsuki," Genosuke Ito had wanted to join the shinsengumi, but was rejected, and withdrew.
Japanese: 西村兼文『壬生浪士始末記』では、伊藤源助は新選組入隊を志すも許されず、退去したと認められている。
English: Ryousaku Shiba (date of birth unknown, 1840 - date of death unknown) was a member of the shinsengumi.
Japanese: 斯波良作（しばりょうさく、天保11年（1840年）?-没年不詳））は、新選組隊士。
English: He was also known as Ryosaku SHIBA 司馬良作 (written with different characters), Ryouzou SHIBA 斯波良蔵, and Yuzou SHIBA 斯波雄蔵.
Japanese: 司馬良作（読み同じ）、斯波良蔵（しばりょうぞう）、斯波雄蔵（しばゆうぞう）とも。
English: On May 21, 1865, he left for Edo along with Toshizo HIJIKATA, Kashitaro ITO, Hajime SAITO and Heisuke TODO, and they applied to enlist when recruitment efforts were underway.
Japanese: 慶応元年4月27日、土方歳三・伊東甲子太郎が斎藤一・藤堂平助を伴って江戸へ下り、隊士募集をした際に応募。
English: Although the date is not known, he is said to have made application to board a ship bound for another country, which was accepted and he left the shinsengumi; nothing more is known about what became of him.
Japanese: 年月日不明ながら海外への渡航を志願、許されて除隊し、以降の消息は不明。
English: He appended Master of Literature when he signed his name as Ryosaku Shiba or Ryozou Shiba, and there are documents with either of those signatures.
Japanese: 斯波良作・斯波雄蔵は文学師範として記名されるが、資料によっていずれの場合もある。
English: According to the account given by Kanefumi NISHIMURA in "Mibu Roshi Shimatsuki", his name appears on a register of persons who travelled abroad on a ship.
Japanese: 斯波良蔵は西村兼文『壬生浪士始末記』にて海外渡航者として記名されている。
English: On the registry of soldiers who enlisted in 1865, the name Ennosuke Shiba appears alongside the name Rosuka Shiba as having enlisted.
Japanese: 慶応元年の隊士募集応募者では、本項「司馬良作」と並び「斯波縁之助（しば　えんのすけ）」なる者の入隊が記されている。
English: It is thought that 'Yuzo Shiba', whose name only remains as a master of literature, was one of these two people; however, because the name Ennosuke appears many times on other records and there is no evidence that he changed his name, it is assumed that Ryousaku Shiba and Yuzo Shiba were one and the same person.
Japanese: 文学師範としてのみ名の残る「斯波雄蔵」はこのいずれかと考えられるが、縁之助については以後の記録も多く見られるため名を変えた形跡が無く、司馬良作＝斯波雄蔵である、と推測される。
English: As their family name is the same and they enlisted at the same time, it is thought that they were from the same place, and that they were one year apart in age (Ennosuke was 26 years old when he joined Shinsengumi); both names are considered to be of brothers or some type of close relation, in consideration of the fact that Yuzou, who became a master of literature, probably had work as a scholar, and Yoshisuke KONDO said that Ennosuke was a Buddhist monk so both they were educated.
Japanese: 苗字が同じで入隊が同期、出身が同地と思われ、年齢が1歳差（縁之助は入隊時26歳）であること、縁之助は元僧侶とする声（近藤芳助）があり師範となった雄蔵同様学識があったと思われることなどから、両名は兄弟ないしは何らかの縁者ではないかとする説もある。