nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Originally he called himself Senryu TANAKA and left his name on eight plays including "Izutsuya Genroku Koi no Kanzarashi" and "Kenninji Kuyo" from 1723 to 1725.
Japanese: 始め田中千柳と名乗り1723年から1725年までに『井筒屋源六恋寒晒』『建仁寺供養』など8作品に名を残す。
English: He changed his name to Sosuke (宗助) NAMIKI in 1726 and wrote many plays until 1741, including the works by himself and the ones for which he only played a minor role.
Japanese: 1726年、並木宗助と改め1741年まで単独作、脇作を含め多く作品を著した。
English: His works of this period at Toyotakeza Theater is said to be very depressing with elaborate framework and the realistic description: fiery instinct and sinfulness of people, and contradictions in feudal society.
Japanese: この豊竹座時代の作風は、人間の本能の激しさ、罪業の深さ、封建社会の矛盾などを緻密な構成と写実的な筆致で描き出しているため非常に暗い、といわれる。
English: He left Toyotakeza Theater in 1742, and the following year, 1743, he started a new career as a Kabuki playwright Sosuke (宗輔) NAMIKI and produced excellent works including "Omonguchi Yoroigasane" in collaboration with Abun YASUDA and so on.
Japanese: 1742年豊竹座をやめ、翌1743年歌舞伎作家・並木宗輔と改め安田蛙文らと合作『大門口鎧襲』などの秀作を出した。
English: In collaboration with Izumo TAKEDA the second, Shoraku MIYOSHI and so on, he produced not only the three greatest joruri: "Sugawara Denju Tenarai Kagami," "Yoshitsune Senbonzakura" and "Kanadehon Chushingura," but also other masterpieces which remain in the history of Japanese play, such as "Gunpo Fujimi Saigyo," "Iroha Nichiren Ki," "Futatsu Chocho Kuruwa Nikki" (Diary of two butterflies in the pleasure quarters) and so on.
Japanese: 二世竹田出雲、三好松洛らとの合作で浄瑠璃の三大傑作といわれる『菅原伝授手習鑑』『義経千本桜』『仮名手本忠臣蔵』ほか、『軍法富士見西行』、『いろは日蓮記』、『双蝶々曲輪日記』など、日本戯曲史上の傑作を生み出した。
English: Although there are various theories about who was the chief playwright of those plays, some people say that, considering the literary style and experience, Sosuke was essentially the chief playwright of all the plays.
Japanese: これらの作品の立作者についても諸説あるが、作風や経験から、いずれの作品も実質立作者は宗輔とする説もある。
English: Ohide TANAKA (September 16, 1777 – October 24, 1847) was a scholar of Japanese classical literature from the late Edo period.
Japanese: 田中大秀（たなかおおひで、安永6年8月15日(旧暦)（1777年9月16日）-弘化4年9月16日(旧暦)（1847年10月24日））は、江戸時代後期の日本の国学者。
English: His second names were Senshuen, Shogetusha, Yutsukatsurazono (also the name of the store) and Enanookina.
Japanese: 号(称号)は千種園・賞月榭・湯津香木園（ゆつかつらぞの、屋号でもある）・荏野翁（えなのおきな）。
English: In addition to running a business, the Tanaka family rented the vast fields they owned in Fuito Village (currently Fuito-cho, Takayama City, Gifu Prefecture) to tenant farmers, therefore the family was financially quite well-off.
Japanese: 田中家は商売以外にも冬頭村（ふいとむら、現岐阜県高山市冬頭町）に所有する広大な田畑を小作人に貸し与えており、経済的に恵まれた環境であった。
English: Since his childhood, Ohide liked studying and he studied under the priest Tomochika AWATA of Atsuta-jingu Shrine and poet Kokei BAN in earlier days.
Japanese: 幼少の頃より学問を好み、はじめ熱田神宮神官の粟田知周や歌人伴蒿蹊に学ぶ。
English: Due to the premature death of his elder brother Yoshiaki in 1803, he took over the headship of the family at the age of 26.
Japanese: 享和3年（1803年）、兄休明（よしあき）が夭折したため、26歳で家督を継いだ。
English: A record describes that Gyokudo URAGAMI, who called himself Kinji (Koto player) URAGAMI, visited Ohide living in Takayama in 1808.
Japanese: 文化5年（1808年）、琴士玉堂と名乗っていた浦上玉堂が高山の大秀を訪ねた記録がみられる。
English: In 1818, when he was 41 years old, Ohide passed the headship of the family onto his eldest child in order to retire.
Japanese: 文化(元号)15年（1818年）、41歳のとき長子に家督を譲り隠居。
English: In the same year, he identified and restored the Shido (hall dedicated to the souls of ancestors) located in 'Inaki Forest' as Ena-jinja Shrine described in "the Engishiki" (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers).
Japanese: 同年、「稲置（いなき）の森」にある祠堂を『延喜式』にその名がみえる荏名神社と同定し、これを再興。
English: In 1820, he restored Hida-sosha Shrine which had been build in the Heian Period and had fallen into disrepair since the Medieval Period.
Japanese: 文政3年（1820年）、平安時代に造営され中世以降荒廃していた飛騨総社を再興する。
English: From the Tenpo era (1830-1844) and into Koka era (1844-1848) he visited the neighboring Echizen Province (Echizen-Ono, Katsuyama, Fukui, Tsuruga) and educated many disciples including TACHIBANA no Akemi.
Japanese: 天保から弘化にかけて幾度か隣国越前（越前大野・勝山・福井・敦賀）を訪問し、橘曙覧をはじめ多くの門弟を育てた。
English: In 1846 he was invited to Echizen Province (currently Fukui Prefecture) and gave lecture about the Manyoshu (Suzuya Manyo Kosetsu) as he had been taught by Norinaga 45 years ago, along with his own theories.
Japanese: 弘化3年（1846年）、越前国（福井県）に招かれ、45年前に宣長から受けた万葉集講釈（鈴屋万葉講説）に自説を交えて講釈した。
English: There is a hill with a large pine tree to the south of Ena-jinja Shrine, which Ohide named Muromatsu-oka Hill (matsu = pine) and designated to his graveyard.
Japanese: 荏名神社から南方に大きな松が生い茂る丘があるが、大秀は松室岡（むろまつおか）と名付け、生前から自らの墓地と定めていた。
English: There is a stone monument on the hill, engraved as 'Ohide TANAKA's Grave' in his own hand writing, while Ohide is buried in a small circular shaped mound behind the monument.
Japanese: ここにある石碑には自らの筆跡で「田中大秀之奥城」と刻まれ、その後方の小円墳に大秀が葬られている。
English: Ohide expressed great reverence for his teacher Norinaga throughout his life and hosted an annual memorial for Norinaga in Hida while evolving his own study of Japanese classical literature.
Japanese: 大秀は生涯、師である宣長を敬慕し続け、毎年飛騨の地で宣長の追悼会を主催し、独自の国学を発展させた。
English: His study took into account of the theories and manners of Norinaga crystallized as "Kojikiden" (Commentary on the Kojiki), therefore it was similarly meticulous with the support of his vast knowledge.
Japanese: 研究においても、宣長の『古事記伝』の流れを汲み、緻密で博識であった。
English: His 'Interpretation of Taketori Monogatari' became popular at his time, and still remains as 'required reading' among scholars interested in Japanese classics.
Japanese: 「竹取物語解」は当時から評判になったが、今日でも古典に興味を持つ研究者には「必読の書」である。
English: There is a theory that the 'Takayama Matsuri Festival' famous for those floats dragged around, which is thus also known as the 'Nikko Tosho-gu Shrine in Motion,' was started by Ohide around 1800 in order to make Shinto rituals more active.
Japanese: 「動く日光東照宮」と呼ばれる山車が曳き揃えられることで知られる「高山祭り」は1800年頃に、大秀が神事を盛んにするために始めたという説がある。
English: In 1815, Ohide got into a fierce debate over Yorobisen with a jushin (a Confucian scholar and vassal of a feudal domain) of Owari Domain, Kanae HATA.
Japanese: 文化12年（1815年）養老美泉について尾張藩儒臣、秦鼎と激しい論争を交わす。
English: Today, there remains the design drawing for a bascule bridge (Sacred Bridge of Ena-jinja Shrine) (1844) produced by Ohide.
Japanese: 大秀による撥ね橋（荏名神社神橋）の設計図面（天保15年（1844年））が残されている。
English: Ikkansai KUNITOMO (November 21, 1778 - December 26, 1840), the ninth Tobei KUNITOMO, was a gun (teppo in Japanese) smith and an inventor.
Japanese: 国友一貫斎（くにともいっかんさい、九代目国友藤兵衛（-とうべえ）安永7年10月3日(旧暦)（1778年11月21日）-天保11年12月3日(旧暦)（1840年12月26日））は鉄砲鍛冶師、発明家。
English: He was born to a teppo (gun) smith family patronized by the Shogunate in Kunitomo of the Province of Omi (Kunitomo, Nagahama City, Shiga Prefecture).
Japanese: 近江国国友（滋賀県長浜市国友町）の幕府の御用鉄砲鍛冶職の家に生まれた。
English: He succeeded the "Tobei" name from his father at age 9, and at 17, he inherited the position of toshiyoriwaki.
Japanese: 9歳で父に代わって藤兵衛と名乗り、17歳で鉄砲鍛治の年寄脇の職を継いだ。
English: In 1811, he became Goyo-gakari (someone formally employed for a specific task or position) for the Hikone clan, and received an order for 200 medamazutsu (a type of cannon).
Japanese: 文化(元号)8年（1811年）、彦根藩の御用掛となり二百目玉筒を受注することとなった。
English: The four toshiyori (one rank above toshiyoriwaki) families in Kunitomo village, objected to him being favored despite his lower rank, which resulted in a long lasting conflict (Hikone Incident).
Japanese: 国友村の年寄4家は自分たちを差し置いてのこの扱いに異議を申し立て長い抗争に発展した（彦根事件）。
English: However, Ikkansai's exceptional skills were recognized, and the case ended with the toshiyori's loss.
Japanese: しかし一貫斎の高い技術力が認められ、文政元年（1818年）に年寄側の敗訴となった。
English: In 1819, he invented "Kiho", a powerful air gun for battle use, based on "Fuho", a toy air gun introduced from Holland.
Japanese: 文政2年（1819年）、オランダから伝わった風砲（玩具の空気銃）を元に実用の威力を持つ強力な空気銃である「気砲」を製作。
English: He wrote "Kihoki" as an instruction manual, and later he completed the 20 repeater kiho.
Japanese: その解説書として「気砲記」を著し、後には20連発の早打気砲を完成させた。
English: He had a chance to see a reflecting telescope during the Bunsei era, and he started to develop a Gregorian reflecting telescope from around 1832.
Japanese: 文政年間、江戸で反射望遠鏡を見る機会があり、天保3年（1832年）頃からグレゴリー式反射望遠鏡を製作し始めた。
English: His telescope was of far more superior quality than the other telescopes made at the time; it had a diameter of 60mm, and could magnify up to 60 times.
Japanese: 当時の日本で作られていた屈折望遠鏡よりも優れた性能の望遠鏡であり、口径60mmで60倍の倍率の望遠鏡であった。
English: Later, the telescopes were said to be sold to Daimyo families and the like for the victims of the Tempo Famine.
Japanese: 後に天保の大飢饉等の天災で疲弊した住人のために大名家等に売却されたと言われる。
English: Furthermore, he is an inventor with numerous inventions such as Gyouto (lightening tools), Japanese pens with tips like a brush, steel crossbow, and Shinkyo (mirror used for fortune-telling).
Japanese: その他、玉燈（照明器具）、御懐中筆（万年筆、筆ペン）、鋼弩、神鏡（魔鏡）など数々の物を作り出した発明家である。
English: With the telescope he invented in 1835, He performed a sunspot observation for what was considered a relatively long time during his period.
Japanese: また、彼は自作の望遠鏡で天保6年（1835年）に太陽黒点観測を当時としてはかなり長期に亘って行った。
English: Ikkansai was the ninth family head with the name "Tobei KUNITOMO", but as he was especially famous, the name usually refers to him.
Japanese: 一貫斎はこの9代目にあたるが、特に著名であるため説明なく彼を指して「国友藤兵衛」と呼ぶことが多い。
English: The first Tonai TSUJIMURA (KUNITOMO) was a smith from Mino Province, and settled in Kunitomo village in Omi Province during Eisho era.
Japanese: 初代・辻村（国友）藤内は美濃国の鍛冶師の出身であり、永正年間に近江国国友村に移り住んだと言われている。
English: Shigetomi is the commonly-used inscription which means the bullets "consecutively hit", but only the family of Tobei uses Yoshitomi.
Japanese: 弾が「重ねて当たる」の意）の銘を用いるのが通例だが、藤兵衛家のみ能当（旧字：能當。
English: He had children including TAIRA no Koremori (Suruga no kami [the governor of Suruga Province]), TAIRA no Sadasue, TAIRA no Sadayoshi, TAIRA no Suehira, TAIRA no Sadahira, TAIRA no Masahira and a daughter who became a wife of FUJIWARA no Nagachika.
Japanese: 子に平維盛(駿河守)、平貞季、平貞能(平正度子)、平季衡、平貞衡、平正衡などがあり、また娘は藤原永親の室となっている。
English: Following his father Korehira and older brother TAIRA no Masasuke, he extended his influence in Ise Province and possessed Kotsukuri no sho-manor (Ichishi County, Mie Prefecture).
Japanese: 父・維衡、また兄といわれる平正輔らの後を受けて伊勢国において勢力を伸張させ、木造荘（三重県一志郡）などを領有する。
English: Although his concrete achievements and year of death are unknown, it is said he was dead in 1067 at latest.
Japanese: 具体的な事績、また没年などは明らかではないが、遅くとも治暦3年(1067年)には故人となっていたとされる。
English: By the activities of Korehira and Masanori, Ise-Heishi (the Taira clan) established strong power and Kiyomori appearing in the later generations, the Taira clan developed into one of the most powerful families in the country.
Japanese: 維衡、正度らの活動によって確固たる勢力を築いた伊勢平氏は、やがて後世において平清盛が出て一大権門に発展していく。
English: TAIRA no Kagetaka (year of birth unknown - November 14, 1274) was a samurai in Kyushu who lived during the mid Kamakura period.
Japanese: 平景隆（たいらのかげたか、生年不詳-文永11年10月15日(旧暦)（1274年11月14日））は、鎌倉時代中期の九州の武士。
English: "Hachiman Gudokun" (Exegesis of Hachimanshin (God of War) Legends for the Ignorant and Children) mentioned that when the Mongolian forces landed on the west coast of Ikinoshima Island at Saru-no-koku (ninth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Monkey, 4pm to 6pm.) on November 20, 1274, Kagetaka waiting with about 100 samurai horsemen attacked the Mongolian forces, and shot an arrow toward them in front of the castle of a person named Shozaburo, and then, this attack developed to a battle.
Japanese: 『八幡愚童訓』によれば、文永11年（1274年）10月14日の申の刻（午後4時から6時頃）、蒙古軍が壱岐島の西岸に上陸すると、景隆は百余騎の武士を率いて迎え撃ち、庄三郎という者の城の前で矢を射かけて合戦となる。
English: However, the Kagetaka's army defended against the Mongolian forces by staying in Hinotsume-jo Castle which was tsume-no-shiro (the castle that guards the back of the main castle and serves as a retreat point when the main castle can no longer be defended) of shugosho (provincial administration) because they had no chance of defeating the Mongolian forces which consisted of significant number of soldiers and could shoot arrows as far as about 216 meters.
Japanese: しかし大勢で押し寄せ矢が二町（約216m）ほども射程がある蒙古軍にかなうはずもなく、景隆らは守護所の詰城である樋詰城に立て籠もって防戦した。
English: The Mongolian forces withdrew to their fleet at sundown, and on the following day, they besieged and attacked Hinotsume-jo Castle where the Kagetaka's army holed up.
Japanese: 日没とともに蒙古軍は船団に引き上げ、翌日景隆が篭る樋詰城を包囲し攻め立てた。
English: Kagetaka and his followers killed themselves in the Castle, and Sozaburo, genin (manservant), went to Shugo (a provincial military governor) in Dazai-fu (local government office in Kyushu region) and reported on the situation as he had been ordered by Kagetaka.
Japanese: 景隆一同は城中で自害し、下人の宗三郎を大宰府の守護のもとに派遣して状況を報告させた。
English: After the Meiji Restoration, he was deified in Shinjo-jinja Shrine (Katsumoto-cho, Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture) with people killed in the Toi invasion and the Koan War (second Mongol invasions), due to nationwide uprising of movement to honor loyal subjects publicly for their unrecognized good deeds.
Japanese: 明治維新後、全国的に忠臣の顕彰運動が高まり、刀伊の入寇、弘安の役の戦死者とともに新城神社（長崎県壱岐市勝本町）に祀られた。
English: Riemon NISHIKAWA (date of birth and death unknown), born in Omi Province, was a merchant who lived during the Edo period.
Japanese: 西川利右衛門（にしかわりえもん、生没年不詳）は、近江国出身の、江戸時代の商人。
English: Jakusui INO (August 28, 1655 – August 4, 1715) was a medical, herbal and Confucian scholar in the middle of the Edo Period.
Japanese: 稲生若水（いのうじゃくすい、明暦元年7月27日(旧暦)（1655年8月28日）-正徳(日本)5年7月6日(旧暦)（1715年8月4日））は江戸時代中期の医学者・本草学者・儒学者。
English: Later he studied herbalism with Tokujun FUKUYAMA, a scholar of herbalism in Osaka, and Kogigaku (study of ancient morals) of Confucianism from Confucian scholar Jinsai ITO in Kyoto.
Japanese: その後、本草学を大坂の本草学者福山徳潤に学び、京都の儒学者伊藤仁斎から古義学派の儒学を学んだ。
English: Around the Genroku Era his wisdom became well-known, and Tsunanori MAEDA who was the lord of Kaga Domain, Kaga Province heard of his fame and took Jakusui into his service in 1693 as a Confucian.
Japanese: 元禄のころになると、彼の学識は広く知られるところとなり、学問、教育に熱心であった加賀加賀藩主前田綱紀も彼の名声を知り、元禄6年（1693年）に彼を儒者として召抱えられることとなった。
English: Jakusui asked Tsunanori MAEDA to be allowed to compile 'a study of various materials' and was commissioned to do so, receiving the order to edit the 'Shobutsuruisan' (book on the study of herbalism) which would complement the 'Compendium of Materia Medica,' considered the bible of herbalism at the time.
Japanese: 前田綱紀に「物類考」の編纂を申し出て採用され、当時における本草学のバイブルであった「本草綱目」を補う博物書である「庶物類纂」の編纂の下命を得た。
English: For his efforts, he was given special treatment to be allowed to attend the court every other year in Kanazawa.
Japanese: そのため、彼は隔年詰という一年おきに金沢で出仕する特別待遇を与えられた。
English: In order to satisfy the favor he put his efforts into the study in Kyoto, collecting a wide range of articles related to fauna and flora that were found in 174 books from China to organize, compile and classify: Jakusui began writing in 1697, and passed away at his home in Kitaoji, Kyoto in 1715, after writing up 362 volumes.
Japanese: 彼はその知遇に応えるべく京都で研究に努め、支那の典籍174種に記載されている動植物関係の記述を広く収集し、統合や整理、分類を施して、1697年に執筆を始め、362巻を書き上げて正徳5年（1715年）に京都の北大路の家で死去した。
English: Later, under the orders of the eighth shogun Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, Jakusui's son Shinsuke INO and disciple Shohaku NIWA wrote up 638 volumes, completing a substantial piece of work totaling 1000 volumes.
Japanese: 後に八代将軍徳川吉宗の下命で、若水の子、稲生新助や弟子の丹羽正伯らが638巻を書き上げて、計1000巻にわたる大著が完成した。
English: It can be said that Jakusui furnished herbalism which was centered around traditional Chinese medicine and drugs with a focus towards natural history with all fauna and flora in scope.
Japanese: 稲生若水は漢方、薬物などを中心とした本草学に、動植物全体を対象とする博物学への方向性を備えさせたといえる。
English: 1714: published "Honsozuyoku" "Ketsubokyobetsushu" and "New Revised Compendium of Materia Medica."
Japanese: 1714年　『本草図翼』、『結髦居別集』、『新校正本草綱目五十三巻』刊行。
English: Kaisen ODA (1785 - October 17, 1862) was a Japanese painter of nanga (a school of painting originating in China) who lived during the late Edo period.
Japanese: 小田海僊（おだかいせん、天明5年（1785年）-文久2年閏8月24日(旧暦)（1862年10月17日））は、江戸時代後期の日本の南画。
English: He was born in the Tonomi district, Suo Province (present-day Tonomi, Hofu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture), and was adopted by the Oda family which ran a Koya dye shop in Akamagaseki, Nagato Province (present-day Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture).
Japanese: 周防国富海（現山口県防府市富海）に生まれ、長門国赤間関（現山口県下関市）の紺屋（染工）を営む小田家の養子となる。
English: Although he became a disciple of Goshun MATSUMURA of Kyoto Shijo-ha school at the age of 22, and competed with Keibun MATSUMURA, Toyohiko OKAMOTO and others in obtaining fame, Kaisen influenced by Sanyo RAI eventually changed his specialty to nanga.
Japanese: 22歳のとき、京都四条派の松村呉春に入門し、同門の松村景文や岡本豊彦らと名声を競ったが、やがて頼山陽に感化され南画に転向。
English: While visiting Kyushu to study, he made researches by reproducing calligraphic works and paintings in the periods of Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty of China, and established his own painting style.
Japanese: 九州に遊学し、中国元(王朝)明時代の書画の模写をするなどして研究を重ねて、独自の画風を確立した。
English: Since he had own atelier during a period from 1848 to 1854, it has been concluded that he taught paintings to Tessai TOMIOKA around that time.
Japanese: 嘉永元年(1848年)から安政元年（1854年）にかけて画室を設けているが、このころ富岡鉄斎に絵を教えたと推定されている。
English: Aizan TANIGUCHI (1816 - 1899) was a Japanese painter who lived during a period from the end of Edo period to the Meiji period.
Japanese: 谷口藹山（たにぐちあいざん、文化(日本)13年（1816年）-明治32年（1899年））は、幕末から明治期の日本の画家。
English: While he was given the names Aizan and Osetsu Suiso as his go (byname), his actual name was Sadaji TANIGUCHI and his nickname was Shikan.
Japanese: 名は貞二（さだじ）、字を士幹（しかん）、号は藹山、別号に鴨浙水荘（おうせつすいそう）。
English: His pen name, 'Aizan,' was given by his master, Aigai (written as '靄厓' in Japanese) TAKAKU, and contained a meaning that a disciple would go beyond a master based on the proverb of Junshi (Xun Zi) that 'the scholar may be better than the master.'
Japanese: 画号の「藹山」は師の高久靄厓の命名であり、「青は藍より出でて藍より青し」という荀子の格言から弟子が師を超える意が含まれている。
English: Therefore, it was decided to write Aizan as '藹山' in Japanese using two Chinese characters of '藹' (referring to a wooded and abundant landscape) and '山' (referring to a mountain) instead of Chinese characters '靄' (referring to mist) and '厓' (referring to a cliff) which composed his master's pen name, 靄厓.
Japanese: 靄厓の「靄」（もや）に対して「藹」（樹木が繁って盛んな様子の意）を充て、「厓」（崖・がけ）に対して「山」を合わせて「藹山」とした。
English: Aizan who had been fond of paintings from his childhood started studying under Buncho TANI soon after coming to Edo at the age of 18, and was given the name Bunsai.
Japanese: 幼少より絵を好み、18歳で江戸に出るとすぐ、谷文晁に就き文齋と号した。
English: However, as he felt dissatisfied, he immediately became a disciple of Aigai TAKAKU, called himself Aizan, and stayed as a disciple until the age of 25.
Japanese: しかし納得が行かず、すぐに高久靄厓の門下となり藹山と号し、25歳まで門人として過ごす。
English: While visiting Kyushu to study, he practiced paintings at Kangien of Tanso HIROSE in Oita, and received instructions on shoho (calligraphy) of Shikunshi (four plants with high virtue) and so on from Chen Yizhou (Chin Isshu), a Chinese painter of Qing Dynasty, in Nagasaki.
Japanese: その後、九州に遊学し、大分では広瀬淡窓の咸宜園で修行、長崎では清国の画家陳逸舟に四君子などの書法を伝授される。
English: Although he specialized in Sansui-ga (Chinese-style landscape painting) and Kacho-ga (painting of flowers and birds), Aizan engaged in wall paintings at the Kyoto Imperial Palace with Gyokusen MOCHIZUKI and others when it was repaired in 1855.
Japanese: 山水画、花鳥画を得意としたが、安政2年（1855年）、京都御所の修復時、望月玉泉らと障壁画を描いた。
English: Around that time, he often made personal contacts with royalists including Takamori SAIGO, Toshimichi OKUBO and so on.
Japanese: この頃、西郷隆盛や大久保利通などの勤王の志士らとの交流を重ねている。
English: In 1869, he was invited to Shijuku Ritsumeikan (Ritsumeikan Private Academy) established by Kinmochi SAIONJI, as an instructor along with Tessai TOMIOKA, Seiitsu YAMANAKA and others.
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）には西園寺公望が開校した私塾立命館に富岡鉄斎、山中静逸らとともに講師として招かれる。
English: In 1880 when he was 64 years old, he became a professor of nanga (a school of painting originating in China) at Kyoto-fu Gagakko (Kyoto Prefectural School of Painting) (later, Kyoto City University of Arts).
Japanese: 明治13年（1880年）64歳のとき、京都府画学校（のちの京都市立芸術大学）の南画担当教授となる。
English: In the same period of time, Gyokusen MOCHIZUKI (Yamato-e painting (a traditional Japanese style painting of the late Heian and Kamakura periods dealing with Japanese themes)), Sanzo KOYAMA (Western paintings), Hyakunen SUZUKI (Suzuki school) and Bairei KONO (Shijo-ha school) taught at the same school as a professor.
Japanese: 同時期には望月玉泉（大和絵）、小山三造（洋画）、鈴木百年(鈴木派)や幸野楳嶺（四条派）が同校の教授となっている。
English: In 1896, he established the Nanga Association of Japan with Chokunyu TANOMURA, Tessai TOMIOKA and others.
Japanese: 明治29年（1896年）には田能村直入や富岡鉄斎らと日本南画協会を設立。
English: Shunkin URAGAMI (1779 - June 16, 1846) was a Japanese literati painter who lived during the late Edo period.
Japanese: 浦上春琴（うらがみしゅんきん、安永8年（1779年）-弘化3年5月23日(旧暦)（1846年6月16日））は、江戸時代後期の日本の文人画。
English: He was born in Bizen Province (present-day Okayama Prefecture) as the first son of Gyokudo URAGAMI who was a feudal retainer of the Kamogata clan at that time.
Japanese: 当時、鴨方藩士だった浦上玉堂の長子として備前国（現岡山県）に生まれる。
English: While he was given the names Suian, Bunkyotei and Nikyo as his go (second name or alias) besides Shunkin, his real name was Sen and his nickname was Hakukyo and Jussen.
Japanese: 諱は選、字を伯挙・十千、号(称号)は春琴のほかに睡菴・文鏡亭・二卿。
English: In around 1792, Nyoidojin started buying Shunkin's works along with the works of his father, Gyokudo (Nyoidojin Shushu Shogajo (Nyoidojin collection of calligraphic works and paintings)).
Japanese: 寛政4年（1792年）ころより如意道人によって父玉堂とともに春琴の作品が買い上げられている（如意道人蒐集書画帖）。
English: After he finished travelling, he settled down in Kyoto in his twenties and deepened exchanges with best-known literati including Sanyo RAI, Chikuden TANOMURA, Beisanjin OKADA, Hanko OKADA, Shochiku SHINOZAKI, Kaioku NUKINA, Jotei KASHIWAGI and so on.
Japanese: 遊歴を終え20代で京都に定住し、頼山陽や田能村竹田、岡田米山人、岡田半江、篠崎小竹、貫名海屋、柏木如亭ら著名な文人との交わりを深める。
English: In 1813, he and his wife moved in a house (Yanaginobanba Nijo Kita) to live with his father, Gyokudo, and looked after him.
Japanese: 文化10年（1813年）父玉堂と同居（柳馬場二条北）し夫婦で世話をする。
English: He was excellent in Sansui-ga (Chinese-style landscape painting) and Kacho-ga (painting of flowers and birds), and his style was not only vivid and skillful but also well-refined.
Japanese: 山水画、花鳥画に優れ精彩で巧みでありながら透き通るような気品のある作風であった。
English: Furthermore, he was also excellent in Shodo (calligraphy), Chinese-style poems, Heike Monogatari Heikyoku (the music played on Heike Biwa as accompaniment for the recitation of Heike Monogatari (The tale of the Heike)) and Kokin (fretless seven-stringed zither), and also showed excellence in appraisal of utensils, and calligraphic works and paintings.
Japanese: また書道・漢詩・平家物語平曲・古琴に優れ、器物、書画の鑑定にも秀でていた。
English: Ujizane MUNAKATA (year of birth and death unknown) was the 25th, 28th, 30th, 32nd, and 35th Guji (chief of those who served shrine, controlled festivals and general affairs) in Munakata Taisha Shrine at the end of Heian period.
Japanese: 宗像氏実（むなかたうじさね、生没年不詳）は、平安時代末期の宗像大社の第25代・第28代・第30代・第32代・第35代宮司である。
English: Masamichi TAKATSUKASA (August 22, 1789 - November 29, 1868) was Kuge (court noble) and a statesman of Edo period.
Japanese: 鷹司政通（たかつかさまさみち、寛政元年7月2日(旧暦)（1789年8月22日）-明治元年10月16日(旧暦)（1868年11月29日））は、江戸時代の公家、政治家である。
English: He took office as the chancellor in 1823 and the Grand Minister in 1842.
Japanese: 文政6年（1823年）に関白に就任、天保13年（1842年）には太政大臣に就任する。
English: Although other chancellors of those days had customarily resigned in about five years, he remained in office for an exceptionally long period.
Japanese: 5年前後で関白職を辞する当時の慣例としては異常な長期間、同職を務めた。
English: He stayed in his post as the chancellor for over 30 years until his resignation in 1856 and was highly influential in the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 安政3年（1856年）に辞任するまで30年以上にわたって関白の地位にあり、朝廷で大きな権力を持った。
English: When Emperor Ninko died suddenly in 1846, it was kept secret and Masamichi was appointed to Jun-Sessho (associate regent) to save the difficult situation.
Japanese: 弘化3年（1846年）に仁孝天皇が急逝した際には、喪を秘して政通を准摂政として事態の収拾を図った。
English: Emperor Komei reposed trust in Masamichi so that he had authorization for Nairan (a preliminary inspection of official documents submitted from the Great Council of State to the Emperor) even after his resignation from his post as the chancellor (which was succeeded by Hisatada KUJO) and remained as a background influence in the Court Council.
Japanese: 孝明天皇の信認も厚く、関白辞任後（九条尚忠が後任）も内覧を許され、依然として朝議に隠然たる影響力を行使した。