nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: When MINAMOTO no Yoritomo raised an army in 1180, Yoshishige took an opportunistic attitude for a time while his nephew Yoshikane ASIKAGA, his son Yoshinori YAMANA and his grandson Yoshinari SATOMI returned to a general's command at an early stage.
Japanese: 治承4年（1180年）の源頼朝挙兵の際には、甥足利義兼・子山名義範・孫里見義成らが早期にその麾下に帰参したのに対し、義重は一時日和見的態度を取る。
English: He took the leadership in Northern Kanto region and looked down on the status of Yoritomo, Nitta no sho was the manor of the Taira family side, and he needed to restrain MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka who was an old enemy through the parent-child generations.
Japanese: 北関東での主導的地位にあり頼朝を格下に見ていたことや、新田荘が平家方の荘園であったこと、また源義仲とは親子2代に渡る宿敵関係でありこれを牽制する必要があった。
English: He rushed to Kamakura as he saw Yoritomo's energetic prosperity with his own eyes, but could not remove easily the thought of distrust from Yoritomo and he could finally return to the service of his master through Morinaga ADACHI's intercession.
Japanese: やがて頼朝の威勢興隆を目の当たりにし慌てて鎌倉に駆けつけるが容易に頼朝の不信感をぬぐうことはできず、安達盛長の取り成しでようやく帰参が叶ったという。
English: It is said that he incurred Yoritomo's displeasure even more since he refused a proposal to take his widowed daughter (the lawful wife of MINAMOTO no Yoshihira) as Yoritomo's concubine.
Japanese: さらに、未亡人となっていた娘（源義平室）を頼朝の側室にと乞われるもこれを拒否し、より一層頼朝の不興を買ったと伝えられている。
English: After his nephew Yoshikane ran to Yoritomo soon to play an active part, he could keep up his position at the Government by a storong connection with the Hojo clan related by marriage for generations.
Japanese: 甥の義兼が逸早く頼朝の下に駆けつけて活躍し以後代々北条氏と姻戚関係にあって強固に結びつくことによって幕府内での地位を保った。
English: On the other hand, Yoshishige was always in a delicate position at the Kamakura Government and it's hard to say that he cooperated positively for the formation of the Kamakura Government.
Japanese: これに対し、義重の鎌倉政権内における立場は常に微妙であり、鎌倉幕府成立のために積極的に協力したとは言いがたいものがあった。
English: This made a difference in treatment between the Ashikaga and the Nitta clan, which had a lasting effect to future generations.
Japanese: このことが足利・新田両氏の処遇の差となって表れ、後代まで尾を引いていくことになる。
English: Yoshishige himself, however, was a patriarch of the Minamoto family and received a regular respect as a person who had the closest blood to Taro Yoshiie HACHIMAN at the time of the formation of the Government.
Japanese: 但し義重自身は源家の最長老であり、幕府成立時点で八幡太郎義家にもっとも血統が近い者として一定の敬意を受けていたようである。
English: He served as a conservator of his young great-grandchild Masayoshi NITTA (for an untimely death of his garndchild Yoshifusa NITTA) who just inherited the headship of the Nitta family with his heir Yoshikane in his later years.
Japanese: 晩年は、嫡男の義兼とともに新田家の家督を継いだばかりの幼い曾孫の新田政義（孫の新田義房が早世したため）の後見役を務めた。
English: "The family tree of the Nitta and the Asikaga family" says his age at death is 89 but "Sonpi Bunmyaku" (a text compiled in the fourteenth century that records the lineages of the aristocracy) says it is 68.
Japanese: 『新田足利両家系図』によると享年89、『尊卑分脈』では享年68とする。
English: According to "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East), Yoritomo went sightseeing to Shikibu no taifu Nyudo Josei Nitta-yakata manor house on his way back from Nasugari (Nasu Viewing) on April 28, 1193.
Japanese: 『吾妻鏡』によると、建久4年（1193年）4月28日、頼朝は那須狩の帰りに式部大夫入道上西新田館にて遊覧している。
English: There is a description written on January 29, 1202 the year of his death that Yoritomo's widow Masako HOJO admonished the second Shogun MINAMOTO no Yoriie 'the late Nitta Nyudo Josei (Yoshishige) was a grand person of the Minamoto family and it has been only 20 days since his death, so it is improper to play kemari (a sort of football enjoyed by nobles in ancient Japan).'
Japanese: 没年の建仁2年（1202年）1月29日の記述に頼朝未亡人北条政子が2代将軍源頼家に対して、「故仁田入道上西（義重）は源家の重鎮であったが、その死去から20日もたっていないのに蹴鞠に興じるのは然るべからず」と叱責する記述がなされている。
English: Munekiyo SASSA (June 24, 1640 - July 10, 1698), aka. Sukesaburo SASSA, was a servant of Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA (aka. Mitsukuni MITO, former vice-shogun and retired daimyo of the Mito Domain).
Japanese: 佐々宗淳（さっさむねあつ、寛永17年5月5日(旧暦)（1640年6月24日）-元禄11年6月3日(旧暦)（1698年7月10日））は、佐々介三郎（さっさすけさぶろう）ともいい、徳川光圀（水戸光圀）に仕えた人物。
English: Munekiyo was born in Sanuki Province and became a Buddhist monk of Myoshin-ji Temple of the Rinzai sect in Kyoto at the age of 15, and later learned the Obaku sect of Buddhism as well.
Japanese: 讃岐国出身で15歳のときに京都の臨済宗妙心寺の僧侶となり、後に黄檗宗も学んだ。
English: After 1678, when Munekiyo begun to doubt Buddhism itself and had a fierce argument with other priests, he got expelled from the Shrine and returned to the secular world to work for the Mito Domain.
Japanese: 延宝6年（1678年）、仏教に疑問を持ち寺僧と大論争をした末に寺を追われて、還俗して水戸藩に仕える。
English: His work ranged from compiling "Dainihonshi" (Great history of Japan) with an order from Mitsukuni, repairing and examining "Nasu no Kuni no Miyatsuko no Hi" (one of the three oldest stone monuments, designated as a national treasure), and also doing the practical work associated with the construction of Minatogawa-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 光圀のもとで『大日本史』の編纂に携わり、那須国造碑の修復と調査、湊川神社の建立の実務を行なった。
English: In 1696, Munekiyo was promoted to the president of Shoko-kan Library of the Tokugawa Museum, but resigned in the same year to serve Mitsukuni in the Nishiyama Villa.
Japanese: 元禄9年（1696年）、彰考館総裁に就任したが、同年総裁を辞任し、西山荘の光圀に仕えた。
English: Junzo GO (June 12, 1825-December 2, 1910) was a Japanese warrior and shogun's retainer, a bureaucrat of Ministry of the Treasury and statesman.
Japanese: 郷純造（ごうじゅんぞう、文政8年4月26日(旧暦)（1825年6月12日）-明治43年（1910年）12月2日）は、日本の武士・幕臣､大蔵省官僚、政治家である。
English: After GO went to Edo (present-day Tokyo) to serve yonin (officer handling domestic economy) of the Ogaki Domain in 1845, he frequently changed the person whom he served including hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu), after which serving as officer in charge of storage room, of the Nagasaki bugyo Gisei MAKI, he handled receiving the visit from the Netherlands envoy in 1853 and later on he took office as yonin for the Hakodate bugyo Toshihiro HORI to attend him on a tour to Sakhalin and Ezochi (inhabited area of Ainu), encountering a variety of foreign issues; moreover, his rich foreign experience was thought highly of by the magistrates of Osaka Town Tadayoshi TORII to be selected for a chief retainer of the Torii family in charge of trade issues.
Japanese: 弘化元年（1845年）江戸に出て大垣藩用人に武家奉公した後に旗本など奉公先を転々とするが、長崎奉行牧義制の納戸役として嘉永5年（1853年）のオランダ使節来訪問題に対応し、続いて箱館奉行堀利煕の用人としてその樺太・蝦夷地巡回に随行するなど対外問題に遭遇、更にその経験を大阪町奉行鳥居忠善に買われて貿易問題を担当して同家の家老として抜擢された。
English: Although he bought shares of hatamoto who belonged to Sappei Corps (shogun's troops) to become a shogun's retainer immediately after the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he did not obey the unrelenting resistance policy to the Meiji government by the troops, and he followed the New Government Troops after Edo-jyo Castle was surrendered.
Japanese: 鳥羽伏見の戦い直後に撒兵隊に属する旗本の株を買って幕臣となるが、同隊の明治政府に対する徹底抗戦路線には従わずに江戸開城後は新政府軍に従った。
English: It was his great achievement and worthy of mentioning that he suggested the appointment of former retainers of shogun such as Eichi SHIBUSAWA, Hisoka MAEJIMA and Aizo SUGIURA as government officials to Shigenobu OKUMA, Hirobumi ITO, and others.
Japanese: 特に渋沢栄一や前島密、杉浦愛蔵ら旧幕臣の登用を大隈重信や伊藤博文らに薦めた功績は特筆すべきである。
English: (In OKUBO's letter dated October 25, 1870 to Tomomi IWAKURA, OKUBO pointed his finger at GO and mentioned, "I shall dismiss him from the office or transfer him.")
Japanese: （明治3年10月25日の大久保から岩倉具視あての書簡には郷を「断然免職か転勤ニならす」と名指しで明記されているほどである。）
English: Therefore, GO was deprived of important posts when OKUBO, taking office as Secretary of Ministry of Treasury, stayed in the center of political power.
Japanese: そのため、大久保が大蔵卿に就任して政権の中枢を担った時代には重要ポストから外されて干されることになった。
English: After the death of OKUBO, when OKUMA and ITO held the reins of government, GO was finally reevaluated and held the position of Okura no taifu (senior assistant minister of the Ministry of Treasury; afterwards, it was renamed Vice-Minister of Finance); however, the reason why he stayed in governmental official responsible for practical works was said to be because his misfortunate times under the Okubo administration had a lingering effect.
Japanese: 大久保の没後、大隈や伊藤が政権の中枢に立つようになると漸く再評価されて大蔵大輔（後に初代大蔵次官と改称）を務めたが、実務官僚の地位に留まった背景には大久保政権下の不遇時代が尾を引いたからと言われている。
English: The fourth son Shosaku was adopted as a son of Yataro IWASAKI, the founder of Mitsubishi Zaibatsu at one year old, and was renamed Toyoya IWASAKI; he took active part in the business world as his real brother Seinosuke did.
Japanese: 四男・昌作は数え2歳で三菱財閥の創業者・岩崎弥太郎の養子となると同時に岩崎豊弥（いわさきとよや）と改名、実兄の誠之助同様実業界で活動した。
English: Sukemasa IRIE, who assumed office as Palace staff for Emperor Showa, was the adopted son-in-law of Toyoya IWASAKI (in other words, grandson-in-law of Junzo GO and Yataro IWASAKI), and the businessman Katsutaro IWASAKI was the first son of Toyoya (in other words, grandson of Junzo and Yataro).
Japanese: 昭和天皇の侍従を務めた入江相政は岩崎豊弥の娘婿（すなわち郷純造及び岩崎弥太郎の義理の孫）であり、実業家の岩崎勝太郎は豊弥の長男（従って純造及び弥太郎の孫）である。
English: A nephew (child of his sister) was Buichi NAKAJIMA, who was a leader in the economic world of Tokachi branch office (grandfather of the singer Miyuki NAKAJIMA).
Japanese: 甥（姉の子）に十勝支庁経済界の重鎮となった中島武市（シンガーソングライター・中島みゆきの祖父）がいる。
English: Go clan called themselves descendant of OE no Hiromoto; at first their ancestors lived in Aterazawa, Dewa Province (now Oe-cho, Yamagata Prefecture), and later on in late Muromachi period moved to Hoken County, Mino Province (present-day Gifu City), introducing themselves as Go clan.
Japanese: 郷氏　大江広元の後裔を称し、先祖がまず出羽国左沢（あてらざわ、現山形県大江町）に居住し、後に室町末期に美濃国方縣郡（現岐阜市）に遷住し、江（ごう）氏を名乗ったという。
English: Sadahisa SHIMAZU (May 10th, 1269 - August 12th, 1363) was the fifth-generation, family head of the Shimazu Clan.
Japanese: 島津貞久（しまづさだひさ、1269年5月10日（文永6年4月8日(旧暦)）-1363年8月12日（貞治2年/正平(日本)18年7月3日(旧暦)））は島津氏第五代当主。
English: He was a busho (Japanese military commander) during the Northern and Southern Dynasties period, and he built the foundation for the feudal lordship of the Shimazu clan by pushing forward the system of land localizations.
Japanese: 南北朝期の武将であり、在地化を進め、島津氏の守護大名としての基礎を作った。
English: In 1333, he was asked to join the armed uprising by Takauji ASHIKAGA to overthrow the Shogunate, and Sadahisa attacked the Chinzei tandai Hidetoki HOJI along with Sadatsune SHONI and Sadamune OTOMO, forcing HOJO to commit suicide.
Japanese: 1333年（元弘3年）足利尊氏の倒幕挙兵勧誘により、少弐貞経、大友貞宗と共に鎮西探題北条英時を攻撃、自刃に追い込む。
English: He was appointed as the Governor of Okuma and Hyuga Province, and since the time of Tadahisa Shimazu who was the first head of the Shimazu clan, he was able to restore what he considered as the birthplace of his clan after 130 years, the three countries of Satsuma, Okuma and Hyuga.
Japanese: その功により、大隅・日向国守護職に補任され、島津氏は初代島津忠久来、本貫地と見なしていた薩隅日三州を約130年ぶりに回復する。
English: Sadahisa greatly contributed to the establishment of the Ashikaga Shogunate by actions known for his assistance of Takauji who escaped to Kyushu as he incurred a temporary loss in a battle and so on, and by beating back Kikuchi's force in the Battle of Tatarahama which paved the way for Takauji's comeback.
Japanese: 貞久は、一時敗れて九州へ逃げのびた尊氏を助け、多々良浜の戦いで、菊池氏勢を撃退、尊氏の巻き返しに協力するなど、足利幕府成立に大きく貢献した。
English: To counter this, Sadahisa dispatched Yorihisa KAWAKAMI and others to Satsuma which sparked fierce battles between the Northern and Southern Dynasties in Southern Kyushu.
Japanese: これに対し貞久は川上頼久らを薩摩に下向させ、南九州における南北朝の激戦が繰り広げられる。
English: Traditionally, the region of Southern Kyushu was the stronghold of the three clans of Taniyama, Taira of Satsuma and Kimotsuki, who were Zaichokanjin (the local officials in Heian and Kamakura periods), but the advancement of the Togoku Samurais such as the Shimazu clan and the Shibuya clan into the region during the Kamakura Period created friction between them.
Japanese: 従来、南九州は谷山氏ら薩摩平氏や肝付氏など在庁官人が勢力をもっていた地であったが、鎌倉時代、島津氏や渋谷氏と言った東国武士団が進駐し、在地勢力との間に軋轢を生んでいた。
English: The animosity between them led the whole local rulers en masse to join the Southern Court, and a showdown with the Provincial Governor Shimazu became imminent.
Japanese: その鬱憤が、在地勢力をこぞって南朝方に誘導し、守護島津氏との対決姿勢を顕わにすることとなった。
English: The Southern Court gained momentum as Imperial Prince Kaneyoshi of Nishinomiya entered the Taniyama-jo Castle in 1342, and the war situation did not improve easily, for Sadahisa's repeated attacks on the Taniyama-jo Castle proved to be futile.
Japanese: 1342年（康永元年/興国3年）征西宮懐良親王が谷山城に入城して南朝方に勢いがつき、貞久は度々谷山に攻撃を掛けたが落とせず、戦況はなかなか有利にならなかった。
English: In the midst of all this in 1350, there was a split within the Northern Court between Takauji and Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA (known as the Kanno Disturbance), which forced Sadahisa to fight against Tadaaki HATAKEYAMA of the Tadayoshi clan, temporarily making him join the forces of the Southern Court (after the end of the Kanno Disturbance he returned to the Northern Court).
Japanese: 1350年（観応元年）、そのような状況の中、北朝方は尊氏方と足利直義方とに分裂（観応の擾乱）、この間、直義方の畠山直顕とも戦わなければならず、一時南朝の軍門に下らざるを得ないほどであった（観応の擾乱終結後、北朝方に復帰）。
English: In 1363, as Tadahisa bestowed the Provincial Governorship of Satsuma to his third son, Morihisa SHIMAZU (the Soshu family), who was the Assistant Governor of Kazusa Province and the Provincial Governorship of Okuma to his fourth son, Mutsu no kami Ujihisa SHIMAZU (the Oshu family), the Shimada clan split and hostility ensued between them.
Japanese: 1363年薩摩守護職を三男上総介島津師久（総州家）に、大隅守護職を四男陸奥守島津氏久（奥州家）に譲ったため、島津家は分裂し対立することとなる。
English: Masajiro OZEKI (1844 ? - February 28, 1892) was a Shirabeyaku ken Kansatsu (Shinsengumi's organizational post for investigating movements of the opponents and keeping the Shinsengumi members under control) of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
Japanese: 尾関雅次郎（おぜきまさじろう、天保15年（1844年）？-明治25年（1892年）2月28日）は新選組調役兼監察。
English: Around 1863, he joined Mibu-Roshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group) (the predecessor of Shinsengumi) and he took part in the Coup of August 18.
Japanese: 文久三年（1863年）頃に壬生浪士組(新選組)に入隊し八月十八日の政変に参加。
English: After he returned to Edo (present Tokyo), being defeated in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he went over to Hakodate (Hokkaido) with Toshizo HIJIKATA, Kai SHIMADA, Kazue SOMA and others to fight against the opponents but finally he surrendered.
Japanese: 鳥羽・伏見の戦いで敗れ、江戸へ帰還し、土方歳三、島田魁、相馬主計らと箱館まで戦い降伏した。
English: Shintaro HAYASHI (year of birth unknown - December 10, 1868) was a corporal of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
Japanese: 林信太郎（はやししんたろう、？-明治元年10月27日(旧暦)（1868年12月10日））は新選組伍長。
English: When the Ikedaya Incident broke out, although he was assigned to Toshizo HIJIKATA's platoon and was investigating the movements of the opponents in Yakata area in the Shikoku region, he hastened to Ikedaya Inn in Kyoto to back up Isami KONDO.
Japanese: 池田屋事件では土方歳三の隊に配属され四国屋方面の探索をし、池田屋へ向かい近藤勇を援護した。
English: After the Battle of Toba-Fushimi and the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma, he joined the Seiheitai brigade lead by Shinpachi NAGAKURA and Sanosuke HARADA, and fought in various fields including the northern Kanto region and Aizu Domain, however, he was killed in the fight against the soldiers of Kurume Domain on the Mito-kaido Road.
Japanese: 鳥羽・伏見の戦い、甲州勝沼の戦いの後永倉新八、原田左之助の靖兵隊に加わり北関東、会津藩などで転戦するが、水戸街道で久留米藩兵との戦いで討死する。
English: Yasohachi YAMANO (1841 - 1910) was a lowly member of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate), and one of the binan goninshu (five men of beauty).
Japanese: 山野八十八（やまのやそはち、1841年（天保12年）-1910年（明治43年））は新選組平隊士で美男五人衆の一人である。
English: He was one of the binan goninshu, together with Kojuro KUSUNOKI, Aijiro SASAKI, Saburo MAGOSHI, and Ryutaro MAZUME.
Japanese: 楠小十郎、佐々木愛次郎、馬越三郎、馬詰柳太郎らとともに美男五人衆の一人だった。
English: Although it is not fully reliable, but there is a description that he belonged to the Ichibangumi-tai (first squad) of the Shinsengumi lead by Soshi OKITA.
Japanese: 定かではないが沖田総司率いる新選組一番隊に所属していたという記述が残っている。
English: It is said that after the Shinsengumi lost the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he returned to Edo (present Tokyo), but he continued being a member.
Japanese: 新選組が鳥羽・伏見の戦いに敗れると江戸に帰還し、その後も在隊したといわれている。
English: He left the Shinsengumi before it surrendered in Hakodate City, and after the Meiji Restoration he worked as a janitor at Kikuhama Elementary School in Kyoto and retired in 1896.
Japanese: 新選組が函館市で降伏する前に離隊し、維新後は京都の菊浜小学校の用務員を勤め、1896年に退職。
English: In 1908, he reunited with his ex-lover, with whom he broke up before the Boshin War, and since then he lived with her for his entire life.
Japanese: 1908年、戊辰戦争前に別れた彼の恋人と娘に再会し、共に暮らして生涯を送った。
English: Shigeyoshi UESUGI (year of birth unknown - January 28, 1350) was a warlord in the Northern and Southern Courts period (Japan).
Japanese: 上杉重能（うえすぎしげよし、生年不詳-正平(日本)4年/貞和5年12月20日(旧暦)（1350年1月28日））は南北朝時代(日本)の武将。
English: His father was Miyaji Nyudo Domen (Michihiro KAJUJI), who was the head secretary of Kaju-ji Temple, and mother was Kaga no Tsubone, who was a daughter of Yorishige UESUGI.
Japanese: 父は勧修寺別当・宮道入道道免（勧修寺道宏）、母は上杉頼重娘の加賀局。
English: He was a cousin of Takauji ASHIKAGA and Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA, who also had a daughter of Yorishige, Kiyoko UESUGI, as their mother.
Japanese: 同じく頼重娘の上杉清子を母に持つ、足利尊氏・足利直義とは従兄弟同士である。
English: According to "Taiheiki" (The Record of the Great Peace), in the Battle of Hakone and Takenoshita, he forged an imperial order to make reluctant Takauji to enter into the battle.
Japanese: 『太平記』には箱根・竹ノ下の戦いにおいて、偽の綸旨を作り、渋る尊氏を出陣させたとある。
English: In 1338, he was ordered to cease his service, but continued serving Tadayoshi in an assistant-like position.
Japanese: 1338年に出仕停止命令を受けているが、直義の執事的存在として働く。
English: He was arrested in a coup by Moronao in 1349, and exiled to Echizen Province together with Tadamune HATAKEYAMA.
Japanese: 1349年における師直のクーデターによって捕らえられ、畠山直宗と共に越前国へ流された。
English: He did not have any biological child, and therefore adopted Yoshinori UESUGI who was a son of Noriaki UESUGI (his brother-in-law and cousin) and Akiyoshi UESUGI who was a son of Shigeyuki UESUGI (also his brother-in-law and cousin).
Japanese: 実子がいなかった為、上杉憲顕（義兄弟で従兄弟）の子息・上杉能憲と、上杉重行（憲顕と同じく）の子息・上杉顕能を養子にしている。
English: Mantaro TANI (1835 - June 30, 1886) was a member of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
Japanese: 谷万太郎（たにまんたろう、1835年(天保6年)-1886年(明治19年)6月30日）は、新選組隊士。
English: He was born in Matsuyama, Bicchu Province, as the second son of Sanjiro-Tomoyuki TANI, who was a feudal retainer of Matsuyama Domain of Bicchu Province (Hatabugyo [flag magistrate], with a stipend of 120-koku crop yield and a yakuryo [executive allowance] of 20-koku).
Japanese: 備中松山藩士（旗奉行、120石・役料20石）・谷三治郎供行の二男として備中松山に生まれる。
English: He became a guest freeloader of Higonojo-Fumihiro IWATA, who was the jii (a doctor for the Emperor and the Imperial family) for the Nakayama family, a family of high court noble, and later he took his daughter Sue to wife and opened a dojo (training hall for martial arts) in Horie-cho, Osakaminami.
Japanese: 公卿中山家の侍医・岩田肥後之丞文碩の食客となり、その娘スエを娶り、大坂南堀江町にて道場を開く。
English: In the Zenzaiya Incident in Osaka, he killed Teikichi ORI, in cooperation with his older brother Sanjuro, Juro ABE and others.
Japanese: 大坂でのぜんざい屋事件では、兄三十郎や阿部十郎らとともに大利鼎吉を討った。
English: While he was in Osaka, he held the position of the leader of quarters, however, as he often acted individually, it seems that he left the Shinsengumi after the death of his brother Sanjuro, although his enrolment until that period is confirmed.
Japanese: 大坂にあって屯所隊長を務めたが、主に別行動をとることが多く、在籍は確認されるものの、兄三十郎の死後に離脱したものと思われる。
English: During the Seinan War, he acted for a while as the provisional head of Batto-tai (suicide squad, literally called drawn sword squad) recommended by Governor of Osaka Prefecture, Noboru WATANABE.
Japanese: 西南戦争では、大阪府知事渡辺昇の推薦で一時は抜刀隊の長に擬せられた。
English: Ujitsune MUNAKATA was a gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate) and the 43th and the 46th Daiguji (the supreme priest) of Munakata Taisha Shrine, who lived during the middle of the Kamakura Period.
Japanese: 宗像氏経（むなかたうじつね）は、鎌倉時代中期の鎌倉御家人であり、宗像大社の第43代・第46代大宮司である。
English: Ujitsune handed over the right associated with his manors and the post of Daiguji to Ujinari MUNAKATA in 1231 and 1249 respectively.
Japanese: この間、1231年に保持する所領所職を宗像氏業に譲与しており、1249年に大宮司職も氏業に譲った。
English: Kaoru ASANO (year of birth unknown - 1867?) was a Shoshi shirabeyaku ken kansatsu (Shinsengumi's organizational post for investigating movements of the opponents and keeping the Shinsengumi members under control) of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
Japanese: 浅野薫（あさのかおる、生年不詳〜慶応3年（1867年）頃？）は、新選組諸士調役兼監察である。
English: However, his name again appears documented as 'Kaoru ASANO' in the Sanjo-ohashi Bridge Noticeboard Incident broke out in October 1866.
Japanese: しかし、慶応2年9月に発生した三条制札事件の際に、浅野薫という名が登場する。
English: He, who committed an indiscretion, ran away from the Shinsengumi and tried to be a member of the Goryo-eji (guards of Imperial mausoleums), but his enrolment was refused by Kashitaro ITO.
Japanese: 失態を犯し、新選組を脱走して御陵衛士に加わろうとしたが伊東甲子太郎に拒絶される。
English: Nobori NAKAJIMA (February 25, 1838 - April 2, 1887) was a lowly member of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
Japanese: 中島登（なかじまのぼり、天保9年2月2日(旧暦)（1838年2月25日）-明治20年（1887年）4月2日）は新選組平隊士。
English: He was born on February 25, 1838 in Ono, Tama Country, Musashi Province (present Nishiderakata-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo) as the first son of a farm family.
Japanese: 天保9年（1838年）2月2日、武蔵国多摩郡小田野（現在の東京都八王子市西寺方町）の農家に長男として生まれる。
English: Afterwards, he belonged to Hachioji Sennin Doshin (junior officials in Hachioji), but as he put one of his colleagues of Sennin Doshin to the edge of the sword, having a conflict with him, he ran away to his relative's house (Masugoro INOUE's family), leaving the Sennin Doshin.
Japanese: その後、八王子千人同心に所属したが、千人同心仲間の一人と衝突して斬殺したため千人同心を抜け、親戚家（井上益五郎家）に逃れる。
English: It is said that under the orders of the Shinsengumi's Head, Isami KONDO, he was carring out confidential duties such as topographical surveys in Kai Province and Sagami Province.
Japanese: 近藤の命で武州・甲斐国・相模国の地理調査などを秘密裏に行っていたと言われる。
English: On April 25, 1868, when Isami Kondo surrendered to the New government army, he tried to tail the movement of a feudal retainer of Satsuma Domain, Tota ARIMA, but he could not keep tailing owing to Satsuma's severe vigilance, and returned in vain.
Japanese: 慶応4年（1868年）4月3日、流山で近藤勇が新政府軍に投降した際には、同行役の薩摩藩士有馬藤太を追尾したが、監視は厳しく虚しく帰った。
English: He was incorporated in the former Edo bakufu army (the army of Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), together with several Shinsengumi members, such as Toshizo HIJIKATA and Kai SHIMADA, and fought in a series of battles, from the Battle of Utsunomiya and Battle of Nikkoguchi to the Aizu War (it is said that Nakajima carried Seishin OSHIMA, a member of Shogitai (a group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the Battle of Ueno) who was seriously injured in the Aizu War, to an aid station).
Japanese: 土方歳三や島田魁ら数名の新選組隊士らと共に、大鳥圭介ら旧幕府軍と合流して宇都宮の戦い・日光口の戦い・会津戦争に転戦（中島は、会津戦争で重傷を負った彰義隊隊士大島清慎を救護所まで運んだと言う）。
English: Later, he was transferred to Aomori and on July 17, 1869 he was moved to the Hirosaki Domain, and after returning to Aomori on August 28, he was obliged to behave himself for three months.
Japanese: 後、青森に送検され、同6月9日に弘前藩、7月21日青森へ戻り、3ヶ月謹慎。
English: In Hamamatsu he reunited with Seishin Oshima, who was a former colleague of the Shogitai and a scrivener of the register office affiliated to Hamamatsu Court at that time.
Japanese: 浜松にて元彰義隊隊士、当時浜松裁判所・登記所代書だった大島清慎と再会。
English: He left "Senyu Esugata" (Drawings of my fellow soldiers) and "Nakajima Nobori Oboegaki" (A memorandum by Nobori NAKAJIMA) as Shinsengumi-related references.
Japanese: 新選組関係資料として『戦友絵姿』や『中島登覚え書』などを残している。
English: Muneatsu DATE (June 20, 1852 – January 6, 1907) was the governor of the Sendai Domain (although Munemoto DATE, the 30th head of the Date clan and the 14th lord of the Sendai Domain, still remained the head of the Date clan when Muneatsu was in office), a legitimate child (disinherited later) of the 13th lord of the Sendai Domain, Yoshikuni DATE, and a baron.
Japanese: 伊達宗敦（だて　むねあつ、1852年6月20日（嘉永5年5月3日(旧暦)）－1907年（明治40年）1月6日）は仙台藩知事（在任中の伊達氏の当主は30世14代伊達宗基のまま）で、13代仙台藩主・伊達慶邦の嫡子（のち廃嫡）、男爵。
English: Muneatsu was adopted by the 13th lord of the domain, Yoshikuni, and was originally supposed to succeed him as the 14th lord of the domain.
Japanese: 第13代藩主・慶邦の養子となり、本来なら慶邦の後を継いで第14代藩主を継ぐはずであった。