nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: FUJIWARA no Kanefusa (1001 - July 1, 1069) was a court noble statesman of the Heian period.
Japanese: 藤原兼房（ふじわらのかねふさ、長保3年（1001年）-延久元年6月4日(旧暦)（1069年6月25日））は平安時代の貴族政治家。
English: He succeeded his father, who had a certain political power, as an aide of FUJIWARA no Michinaga, and successively filled the posts of Governor of Sanuki Province, Governor of Bicchu Province, and Ushosho (Minor Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards), etc.
Japanese: 藤原道長の側近として一定の政治力を持つ父の後を継ぎ、讃岐国守、備中国守、右少将などを歴任する。
English: He sometimes acted rudely and there were records that he chased FUJIWARA no Sadayori in the palace in 1018, scuffled with MINAMOTO no Tsunesada in 1021, and incited mob violence on FUJIWARA no Akitomo in 1023.
Japanese: 時として粗暴な振る舞いも多く、寛仁2年（1018年）に藤原定頼を宮中で追いかけまわしたことや、治安(元号)元年（1021年）に源経定と乱闘したこと、同3年（1023年）に藤原明知に集団で暴行を加えたことなどが記録に残されている。
English: It seems these behaviors might have influenced his career such that he could not gain popularity as a stateman and he was not be promoted to Kugyo (high court noble) in his lifetime.
Japanese: こうしたことも影響してか、政治家として多くの人望を集めることはなく、公卿昇任は果たせずに終わっている。
English: It is said that he adored KAKINOMOTO no Hitomaro so much that he saw Hitomaro's figure in his dream and he had it painted in a picture and stored in secrecy.
Japanese: 柿本人麻呂を崇敬するあまり、夢にその姿を見て、それを絵に描かせて秘蔵していたという。
English: He had exchanges with poets such as Noin, Sagami (a waka poet), and Idewa no ben, and even had a daughter (Shoyu of the House of the Minister of the Left) with Gonojijyu.
Japanese: 能因や相模(歌人)、出羽弁といった歌人達と交流があり、江侍従との間には一女（左大臣家少輔）を儲けている。
English: According to Sonpi Bunmyaku (a text compiled in the fourteenth century that records the lineages of the aristocracy) and Utsunomiya family records, it is said that he had a son, FUJIWARA no Soen, who became the founder of the Utsunomiya clan.
Japanese: また尊卑分脈や宇都宮系図などによると、兼房の子に藤原宗円がおり宇都宮氏の祖となったとされる。
English: Upon the renovation of Oten-mon Gate due to the Otenmon Incident, he discussed renaming Oten-mon Gate and brought about various gate names.
Japanese: 応天門の変による応天門の修造で、応天門の改名を議論し、諸門の名を奏した。
English: He wrote a letter of recommendation when his disciple, Kiyoyuki MIYOSHI, was taking Taisaku (a test required to become Monjo tokugosho), noting that "Kiyoyuki's reputed talent is beyond his peers," but Kiyoyuki failed the test.
Japanese: 弟子の三善清行が対策を受ける際、推薦文を書き「清行の才名、時輩に超越す」と記したが、清行は不合格となった。
English: FUJIWARA no Kanetsune (1000-June 17, 1043) was a Court noble in the Heian period.
Japanese: 藤原兼経（ふじわらのかねつね、長保2年（1000年）-長久4年5月2日(旧暦)（1043年6月11日））は平安時代の公卿。
English: Because his mother's sister, MINAMOTO no Rinshi, was the lawful wife of his uncle, FUJIWARA no Michinaga, he went out into the world as an adopted son of Michinaga.
Japanese: 母の姉妹である源倫子が叔父の藤原道長の正室であった関係で、道長の養子として世に出る。
English: From then on, he was given repeated promotions through the influence of Michinaga and in 1018, at the young age of 19, he was raised to Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) and became a Court noble.
Japanese: 以後道長の威光を背景に昇進を重ね、寛仁2年（1018年）に19歳にして従三位となって公卿に列する。
English: In 1023, he was appointed Sangi (councilor), but after then was not promoted due to his illness.
Japanese: 治安(元号)3年（1023年）には参議に任ずるが、その後病のため昇進が停止。
English: At last, in 1037, he was promoted to Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) and in 1043, he retired, becoming a priest.
Japanese: 長暦元年（1037年）に至ってようやく正三位となり、長久4年（1043年）に出家、引退。
English: In the Toyoakari no sechi-e (a seasonal court banquet, which took place the day after Niiname-sai festival in November) in 1024, he paid a tribute of Maihime (dancing girl) for Gosechi no mai Dance (dance performance as part of a harvest festival) as his duty; however, he created an incident where he confined himself in the anteroom for the Maihime on the excuse of his illness ("Shoyuki") (The Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke).
Japanese: 万寿元年（1024年）の豊明節会においては、任務として五節舞の舞姫を貢進するも、病を口実にその舞姫の控え室に籠もってしまうという事件を引き起こしている（『小右記』）。
English: The Atsuie's descendants survived as middle-rank nobles and in the Insei period (during the period of the government by the retired Emperor), FUJIWARA no Sueyuki and his son FUJIWARA no Sadayoshi were raised to Court nobles; however, they were discontinued down to the Medieval Period.
Japanese: 敦家の子孫は中級貴族として続き、院政期には藤原季行、藤原定能父子が公卿に昇るが、中世に至り断絶している。
English: TACHIBANA no Norimitsu (965 - year of death unknown) was a government official who lived in the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 橘則光（たちばなののりみつ、康保2年（965年）-没年未詳）は平安時代中期の官人。
English: His position in the capital city was however low (Jushiinojo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade)) and he served as Zuryo (the head of the provincial governors) at the same time as Keishi (household superintendent) for FUJIWARA no Tadanobu.
Japanese: しかし、都での身分は高くなく（従四位上）、受領であり藤原斉信の家司である。
English: While he was depicted as a brave hero who overpowered robbers who attacked him in Chapter 3 of "Godansho" (the Oe Conversations, with anecdotes and gossip), Chapter 23-15 of "Konjaku Monogatari" (The Tale of Times Now Past), and Chapter 11 of "Uji Shui Monogatari" (a collection of the Tales from Uji), he was depicted as being a bit weak in Chapters 78 and 80 of "Makura no soshi" (the Pillow Book).
Japanese: 『江談抄』3、『今昔物語』23の15、『宇治拾遺物語』11では盗賊に襲われてかえって取り押さえた話が伝えられ武勇に優れた人物とされる一方、『枕草子』78・80ではやや気弱な人物として描かれている。
English: SUGAWARA no Takasue (born in 972, year of death unknown) was an aristocrat and zuryo (provincial governor) who lived in the Heian period.
Japanese: 菅原孝標（すがわらのたかすえ、天禄3年（972年）-没年不詳）は、平安時代の貴族、受領。
English: He was later appointed to Assistant Governor of Kazusa Province in 1017, and was then appointed to an officer of Shogoinoge (Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) in Hitachi Province in 1032.
Japanese: 寛仁元年（1017年）に上総国介、長元5年（1032年）に正五位下・常陸国に任じられた。
English: According to Sarashina Nikki, he returned to Kyoto 4 years after he worked as an officer in Hitachi in 1036, and it is believed that he was again appointed an officer of one of the provinces in Japan when he was an old man.
Japanese: 更級日記によると、常陸の国司を勤めた4年後の長元9年（1036年）に帰京し、高齢で再びどこかの国司に任命されたらしい。
English: The scene of the final farewell between the father being transferred to the assigned province and the family he was never to see again was one of the most famous scenes in Sarashina Nikki (although he safely returned home later).
Japanese: 高齢で任国へ赴く父との今生の別れの箇所は更級日記の中でも有名なシーンの一つである（実際には無事に生きて戻ってきた）。
English: There are no further records about him, but there is no doubt that he outlived the average life expectancy of people who lived in the Heian period.
Japanese: その後の記述はないが、平安時代の寿命からすると相当長生きの部類に入る人物である事は間違いない。
English: Donin NISHIMURA (1504-1555) was a caster and Kamashi (tea pot maker) in the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
Japanese: 西村道仁（にしむらどうにん、永正元年（1504年）-弘治(日本)元年（1555年））は、戦国時代(日本)の鋳物師、釜師。
English: Yojiro TSUJI (year of birth and death unknown) was a kamashi (tea pot maker) and caster in the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 辻与次郎（つじよじろう、生没年未詳）は、安土桃山時代の釜師、鋳物師。
English: Under SEN no Rikyu, he created new types of tea pots including round pots, Amidadogama (Amidado pots), and Shiriharigama.
Japanese: 千利休のもとで、丸釜、阿弥陀堂釜、尻張釜などの新しい形の釜を創始した。
English: Tamehide REIZEI (year of birth unknown - July 20, 1372) was a poet who lived from the late Kamakura period to the early Muromachi period.
Japanese: 冷泉為秀（れいぜいためひで、生年不詳-応安5年/文中元年6月11日(旧暦)（1372年7月12日））は鎌倉時代後期から室町時代前期にかけての歌人。
English: His children were Tamekuni REIZEI and Tamemasa REIZEI (there has been a theory that Tamemasa was Tamekuni's son but adopted by Tamehide).
Japanese: 子に冷泉為邦、冷泉為尹がいる（為尹は為邦の子で為秀の養子になったとする説もある）。
English: Tamemasa REIZEI (1362 - February 10, 1417) was a kugyo (court noble) and a poet who lived in the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 冷泉為尹（れいぜいためまさ、康安元年/正平(日本)16年（1361年）-応永24年1月15日(旧暦)（1417年2月1日））は室町時代の公卿、歌人。
English: He was a son of Tamehide REIZEI and a younger brother of Tamekuni REIZEI (there has been a theory that Tamemasa was Tamekuni's son but adopted by Tamehide).
Japanese: 冷泉為秀の子で冷泉為邦の弟（為尹は為邦の子で為秀の養子になったとする説もある）。
English: Note that, from the generation of the children of Tamemasa, the Reizei family split into the family line of Tameyuki (the Kami-Reizei family) and the family line of Mochitame (the Shimo-Reizei family), but the official branch was the Kami-Reizei family.
Japanese: なお、冷泉家は為尹の子の代から為之の流れ（上冷泉家）と持為の流れ（下冷泉家）に分かれるが、嫡流は上冷泉家である。
English: Tamekazu REIZEI (1486 - August 13, 1549) was a kugyo (high court noble) and a poet who lived in the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 冷泉為和（れいぜいためかず、文明(日本)18年（1486年）-天文(元号)18年7月10日(旧暦)（1549年8月3日））は室町時代の公卿、歌人。
English: He often left the capital to go to Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly the Kanto region), but because he had a close relationship with the Imagawa clan in Suruga Province, he spent a lot of time in Suruga.
Japanese: しばしば東国へ下向していたが、駿河国の今川氏との関係が深く駿河での在国が長かった。
English: At the request of the Imagawa clan, he stayed with the Gohojo clan in Sagami Province and with the Takeda clan in Kai Province to host Poetry Readings.
Japanese: 今川氏の依頼により、相模国の後北条氏や甲斐国の武田氏のもとで滞在し、歌会などを催している。
English: The Imagawa clan and the Takeda clan established the Kosun alliance in 1537 and became hostile against the Gohojo clan (Kato War).
Japanese: 今川氏は天文6年（1537年）に武田氏との甲駿同盟を結び後北条氏とは敵対している（河東の乱）。
English: Because of this situation, Tamekazu was often sent to Kai around that time, supposedly serving as a diplomatic agent for the Imagawa clan.
Japanese: 為和はこの時期を契機に甲斐への出向が非常に多くなり、今川氏の外交使節的立場の人間であったと考えられている。
English: Tamemasu REIZEI (1516 - October 2, 1570) was a kugyo (high court noble) and a poet who lived in the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
Japanese: 冷泉為益（れいぜいためます、永正13年（1516年）-元亀元年8月23日(旧暦)（1570年9月22日）は戦国時代(日本)の公卿、歌人。
English: Tamemitsu REIZEI (June 10, 1559 - March 29, 1619) was a kugyo (high court noble) and a poet who lived from the late Sengoku period (period of warring states) to the early Edo period.
Japanese: 冷泉為満（れいぜいためみつ、永禄2年4月25日(旧暦)（1559年5月31日）-元和(日本)5年2月14日(旧暦)（1619年3月29日））は戦国時代(日本)後期から江戸時代初期にかけての公卿、歌人。
English: His children were Tameyori REIZEI, Tamekata FUJITANI (founder of the Fujitani family), and two daughters (concubine of Norihira TAKATSUKASA and concubine of Takaari AYANOKOJI).
Japanese: 子に冷泉為頼、藤谷為賢（藤谷家の祖）、娘（鷹司教平側室）、娘（綾小路高有側室）らがいる。
English: Ozaki no Tsubone (1527-1572) was a lady who lived during the Sengoku Period (the Period of Warring States) (Japan).
Japanese: 尾崎局（おざきのつぼね、1527年（大永7）-1572年（元亀3））は、戦国時代(日本)の女性。
English: She married Takamoto MORI as the adopted daughter of Yoshitaka OUCHI, and gave birth to two children, Terumoto MORI and Tsuwano no Tsubone (the wife of Hiroyori YOSHIMI).
Japanese: 大内義隆の養女として毛利隆元に嫁ぎ、毛利輝元及び津和野局（吉見広頼室）の2人を生む。
English: By becoming the adopted daughter of Yoshitaka OUCHI, she married Takamoto, who was a powerful hikan (low-level bureaucrat) of that time and the legal son of Motonari MORI, who was the kokujin ryoshu (local samurai lord) of Aki Province.
Japanese: 主家の大内義隆の養女となる形で当時の有力被官で安芸国人領主毛利元就の嫡男隆元の正室として嫁した。
English: While she was treated well within the Mori family as the legal wife and a daughter of a high class acting Military Governor, she played her role as a diplomat to negotiate with the OUCHI Clan.
Japanese: 毛利家中では、守護代という格上の家から迎えた正室として厚遇されるに留まらず、大内氏との外交の窓口としての役割も果たした。
English: She gave birth, with Takamoto, to Terumoto MORI, who was the legal son that later inherited the family head position, as well as Tsuwano no tsubone, who became the legal wife of Hiroyori YOSHIMI.
Japanese: 隆元との間には、嫡男で後に家督を相続する毛利輝元と吉見広頼の正室・津和野局が生まれた。
English: She put forth an effort to educate young Terumoto even after the Ouchi clan fell to ruins in 1557 and Takamoto died suddenly in 1563.
Japanese: 1557年（弘治3）に大内氏が滅亡し、1563年（永禄6）に隆元が急死した後も、幼少の輝元の教育に力を注いだ。
English: There is a letter that still remains today written by the uncle of Terumoto requesting Motoharu KIKKAWA and Takakage KOBAYAKAWA to look after Terumoto when Motonari passed away in 1571.
Japanese: 1571年（元亀2）に元就が没したときに、輝元の叔父の吉川元春・小早川隆景に輝元の後見を依頼した書状が現存している。
English: Seika YAMAGA (March 12, 1885-June 26, 1981) was a Dyeing and Weaving artisan.
Japanese: 山鹿清華（やまがせいか、1885年3月12日-1981年6月26日）は、染織家。
English: In 1733, he visited Nagoya from Kyoto to instruct on the repair and manipulation of the wind-up doll 'Tsuru' (crane) at the current Tenma Town, Atsuta Ward, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, and the next year he revisited Nagoya,
Japanese: 享保18年（1733年）、現在の愛知県名古屋市熱田区伝馬町のからくり人形「鶴」の修理と操作指導のために京都から名古屋を訪れ、翌年名古屋を再訪。
English: Since then, he lived in Tamaya Town for good, and for this reason he came to be called Shobei TAMAYA.
Japanese: そのまま玉屋町に移り住んだことから玉屋庄兵衛と呼ばれるようになった。
English: For each generation from the second to the fifth, the name Shobei TAMAYA is considered to have been taken over by a distinguished wind-up doll manipulator of those days.
Japanese: その後、五代目まで玉屋庄兵衛の名は、当代の優れたからくり人形師が受け継いだと考えられている。
English: His real name was Masamori TAKASHINA (1923-May 18, 1988).
Japanese: 本名は高科正守（大正12年（1923年）-昭和63年（1988年）5月18日）。
English: His father, Iwajiro, who was born in a dashi-constructing family, was adopted by Shobei TAMAYA, the sixth in 1923, but died in the following year without taking over as the seventh.
Japanese: 山車造りを営む家で生まれた父・岩次郎は大正12年に六代目と養子縁組したが、翌年七代目を継ぐことなく死去。
English: He is understood to have accumulated knowledge by self-education such as by visiting places throughout Japan to see directly wind-up dolls and devoted himself to restore wind-up dolls which had been hoarded up in various places; however, he sometimes 'repaired' wind-up dolls to change the original model, which, it is said, has made him not necessarily highly evaluated by wind-up doll researchers.
Japanese: 全国のからくり人形を直接見て回るなど独学で知識を積み上げ、各地で死蔵されていたからくりの復元に尽したとされるが、その一方で元々と違う形で「修復」することがあり、からくりの研究家などからの評価は高くないとも言われる。
English: His real name was Masao TAKASHINA (1950-August 23, 1995)
Japanese: 本名は高科正夫（昭和25年（1950年）-平成7年（1995年）8月23日）。
English: In 1988, he succeeded to Shobei TAMAYA, the eighth and while he constructed traditional wind-up dolls, he made new efforts, including the introduction of computers for controlling wind-up dolls.
Japanese: 昭和63年（1988年）に八代目を継ぎ、伝統的なからくりを製作する一方でからくりの制御にコンピューターを導入するなど新しい挑戦も行った。
English: As of 2008, in addition to constructing wind-up dolls, he performs weekly activities at the 'Karakuri exhibition hall,' an annex to the Inuyama City Cultural and Historical Museum in Inuyama City, including open demonstrations of wind-up articles every week.
Japanese: 平成20年（2008年）現在、からくり製作に加えて犬山市の犬山市文化史料館の別館「からくり展示館」でのからくり細工の実演公開などの活動を毎週行なっている。
English: He made an appearance in ancient works of the Heian Period such as "Okagami" (the Great Mirror) and the "Heike Monogatari" (The Tale of the Heike (Taira Clan)).
Japanese: 『大鏡』・『平家物語』などの平安時代の古典文学などに登場する人物である。
English: Since he was also called 'Kansan gubu,' it is believed that he was the priest who served as naigubu (a special priest who held a position in the Imperial court).
Japanese: 「桓算供奉」とも呼ばれていることから内供奉を務めていた僧侶ともされている。
English: According to the "Okagami", he became a wraith who haunted Morosuke and his descendants after holding a grudge against FUJIWARA no Motokata and Morosuke.
Japanese: 『大鏡』によれば、藤原元方とともに藤原師輔に恨みを抱いて怨霊となり、師輔やその子孫を祟ったとされている。
English: It is said that the eye disease of Emperor Sanjo was his fault, and the "Hobutsushu" (A Collection of Treasures) stated that lightning that fell on the Seiryoden (the residential palace of the emperor) in 930 was caused not by SUGAWARA no Michizane but by him.
Japanese: 特に三条天皇の眼病は彼のせいであるとされ、また『宝物集』では延長_(日本)8年（930年）の清涼殿への落雷も菅原道真ではなく彼の仕業であるとされている。
English: According to "Shoyuki" (Diary of FUJIWARA no Sanesuke), the reason for the eye disease of Emperor Sanjo was the wraith of Gasho who could not become the head of the Tendai Sect after serving under FUJIWARA no Motokata as the naigubu (a special monk who held a position in the imperial court).
Japanese: 藤原実資の『小右記』によれば、三条天皇の眼病の原因は藤原元方と内供奉を務め後に天台座主になれずに憤死した賀静の怨霊であることが記載されている。
English: Ryogen, who fought with Gasho for the position of head of the Tendai Sect and gained it, was the person who received the reverence of Morosuke and his descendants.
Japanese: 賀静と天台座主を争ってその地位についた良源は藤原師輔とその子孫の崇敬を受けていた人物であったとされている。
English: There was a theory that stated that Kansan and Gasho were the same person, or that Kansan was an imaginary figure modeled after Gasho.
Japanese: そこで桓算を賀静と同一人物とする説や彼をモデルとした架空の人物とする説がある。
English: However, the lightning that fell on Seiryoden and the death of FUJIWARA no Morosuke occurred while Gasho was alive, and if Gasho was the model for Kansan there must have been a great dramatization in future generations.
Japanese: ただし、清涼殿の落雷や藤原師輔の死は賀静の生存中の出来事であるため、仮に賀静が桓算のモデルであったとしても後世において相当の脚色がなされているものと見られている。
English: Muneko HINO (year of birth unknown - June 21, 1447) was the legal wife (Midaidokoro (shogun's wife)) of Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, who was the sixth seii taishogun (literally, "the great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 日野宗子（ひのむねこ、生年不詳-文安4年4月29日(旧暦)（1447年6月12日））は、室町幕府第6代征夷大将軍・足利義教の正室（御台所）。
English: After the fourth shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA passed away, his younger brother Gien returned to secular life, inherited the shogun position, and gained the name 'Yoshinori.'
Japanese: 第4代将軍であった足利義持の死後、弟の義円が還俗して将軍を継いで「義教」と称した。
English: However, Yoshinori, who was a priest, lacked a wife and immediately required a legal wife.
Japanese: ところが、僧侶であった義教は妻帯しておらず、直ちに正室を立てる必要が生じた。
English: From this, Eishi HINO, who was the legal wife of Yoshimochi, consulted her family member Yoshisuke HINO (the legal son of Shigemitsu) and made the younger sister of Yoshisuke, Muneko, marry him as his legal wife.
Japanese: そこで義持の正室日野栄子が一族の日野義資（重光嫡男）と図って正室として嫁がせたのが義資の妹である宗子であった。
English: Within a month of returning to secular life for Yoshinori, she was legally declared Midaidokoro on March 30, 1428 and the wedding took place on August 11, 1428.
Japanese: 還俗から1ヶ月も経たない応永35年（1428年）3月6日(旧暦)に正式に御台所に定められ、継いで正長元年（1428年）6月21日(旧暦)に婚儀が執り行われた。
English: She gave birth to a girl on April 24, 1429 and was conferred the Sanbon (the third rank of the Imperial Princess) on March 2 of the following year.
Japanese: 永享元年（1429年）3月12日(旧暦)には女子を出産し、翌年1月28日(旧暦)には三品に叙せられた。
English: However, the marriage itself was decided by the caretaker of Yoshinori, Eishi HINO, and the relationship between the couple was not well.
Japanese: ところが、この婚姻そのものが義教の後見人である日野栄子によって決められたものであり、その夫婦仲は良くなかった。
English: Yoshinori suddenly declared on July 23, 1431 that he would give Inshi the position of Midaidokoro.
Japanese: そして永享3年（1431年）6月5日(旧暦)、義教は突如として尹子に御台所の身分を与えることを宣言する。
English: Since then, Muneko was referred to as 'Hondaidokoro' (real shogun's wife) and Inshi as 'Shindaidokoro' (new shogun's wife) and this became a situation where two legal wives were present.
Japanese: 以後、宗子は「本台所」、尹子は「新台所」と呼ばれ、正室が2人いる状態となった。
English: In addition, the daughter, the only child between the two, passed away on September 11, and Eishi HINO also died of illness on the following day, September 12.
Japanese: 更に7月26日(旧暦)には2人の間の唯一の子供である娘が死去、続く7月27日(旧暦)には日野栄子も病死した。
English: Yoshinori took this opportunity to divorce Muneko in the same year and took in her younger sister Shigeko HINO (later became the birth mother of Yoshikatsu ASHIKAGA and Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA) as his concubine to compensate the Hino family.
Japanese: これを機に義教は宗子との離別を決意、同年中に宗子は離別を言い渡されて御所を去り、日野家に対してはその妹の日野重子（後の足利義勝・足利義政の生母）を側室に迎えることで代償とした。
English: It is not clear what happened afterwards, but Muneko, who entered nunhood and declared herself Kanchi-in, passed away on June 21, 1447 according to the entry of that day in "Yasutomi-Ki" (Diaries of NAKAHARA Yasutomi).
Japanese: その後の動向は不詳であるが、『康富記』に文安4年4月29日条に出家して観智院と名乗った宗子がこの日に死去したことが記されている。
English: Umanosuke KASHIO (1838-April 30, 1868) was a person who was from Awa Province in the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Japanese: 柏尾　馬之助　（かしお　うまのすけ・KashioUmanosuke、天保9年（1838年）-　明治元年4月8日(旧暦)（1868年4月30日））は幕末の阿波国出身の人物。
English: He was in the sixth squad of the Roshigumi (masterless warriors group), and his posts in the Shinchogumi were Teacher of swordsmanship (substituted teaching), kumigashira (head of the group), sponsorship, etc.
Japanese: 浪士組六番隊、新徴組での役職は、剣術教授方（代稽古）、組頭、肝煎等。
English: After resigning from the Shinchogumi, he supported the movement of Sonno (Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor) and anti-Shogunate to contribute to the Meiji Restoration.
Japanese: 新徴組脱隊後は、維新の志士として尊王・倒幕運動を支援し、明治維新に助力している。
English: He managed a swordplay dojo of the Hokushin-Ittoryu school in Sahara of Shimousa Province (present Sawara City, Chiba Prefecture).
Japanese: 下総国佐原（現・千葉県佐原市）で、北辰一刀流の剣術道場を営んでいた。
English: In 1863, he established 'Roshigumi' with Hachiro KIYOKAWA, Tesshu YAMAOKA, Shungoro MURAKAMI, and Shuzo ISHIZAKA, who were the key persons of 'Torao no kai,' a Sonno Joi kyushinha group (radical group of Sonno Joi, expulsion of foreigners).
Japanese: 文久3年（1863年）尊皇攘夷急進派団体「虎尾の会」の中心人物、清河八郎・山岡鉄舟・村上俊五郎・石坂周造らと「浪士組」を結成。
English: (Although Murakami and Kashio were both from Awa, were close friends since they were in Awa, both lived in Sahara, and belonged to the same swordsmanship school, the Hokushin-Ittoryu school, there is no record indicating that Kashio belonged to the Torao no kai.)
Japanese: （村上と柏尾は同郷で阿波から昵懇の仲で、共に佐原に居を構え、剣術も北辰一刀流の同門であったが、柏尾が虎尾の会に属していた記録は無い）。
English: The Roshigumi had an endorsement as a Joi group from the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) as a result of the submission of the petition 'three plans of urgent business' by Kiyokawa through Yamaoka in 1862.
Japanese: 浪士組は、清河が前年（文久2年・1962年）山岡を通じて江戸幕府に建言した建白書「急務三策」によって、攘夷団体として幕府の御墨付を得ていた。
English: The bakufu's intention was to establish 'a convenient group with which they could collectively manage Sonno Joi and pro-Imperialist masterless warriors who threatened the public order.'
Japanese: 幕府としては「治安を脅かす尊皇攘夷・勤皇派浪士を一括りに管理出来る、都合の良い団体」を作る心算であった。
English: This, however, was Kiyokawa's trick to outsmart the bakufu to establish 'a radical Sonno Joi group certified by the bakufu.'
Japanese: しかしそれは、清河の「幕府公認の先鋭的な尊皇攘夷団体」を作る為の、幕府の裏を書いた策略だった。
English: In February 1863, Kashio left Edo, together with Murakami (kumigashira) and the sixth squad of the Roshigumi, and went to Kyoto via the Nakasen-do Road.
Japanese: 文久3年（1863年）2月、柏尾は村上（組頭）と、浪士組六番隊で江戸を出立し、中山道を上洛。
English: A radical Joi party from Mito including Kamo SERIZAWA and a Shieikan group of the Tennenrishin school including Isami KONDO, Toshizo HIJIKATA, Soji OKITA, and Shinpachi NAGAKURA joined them before their arrival at Mibu village, Kyoto (present Mibu, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture).
Japanese: 京都壬生村（現、京都府京都市中京区壬生）到着までには、芹沢鴨ら水戸の攘夷過激派や近藤勇・土方歳三・沖田総司・永倉新八ら天然理心流試衛館一派も合流。
English: At Mibu village, Kashio, Murakami, and some others stayed at the Mibu village assembly office, and Serizawa, Kondo, and some others stayed at the Yagi Residence.
Japanese: 壬生村宿割では、柏尾・村上らは壬生村会所、芹沢・近藤らは八木家と分れて宿を採っていた。
English: Kiyokawa's official document of Sonno Joi, which surprised the bakufu, was accepted by the imperial court, and having received an imperial decree, the Roshigumi left Kyoto in March of that year and went to Edo.
Japanese: 幕府の意表を突く、清河の尊皇攘夷の上書が朝廷に受理され、朝廷の勅諚を受けた浪士組は、同年3月京都を出立して江戸へ向かう。
English: However, those who were members of the Roshigumi like Kashio and Murakami but protested against Kiyokawa's action, which appeared to be betrayal of the bakufu, including Kondo, Serizawa, and others, mainly those staying at the Yagi Residence, and the Yuzan NEGISHI's group decided to remain at Mibu Village to split from the Roshigumi.
Japanese: しかし、柏尾や村上と同じ六番隊ではあるが、清河の幕府への裏切りとも取れる行動に反発した隊員、近藤・芹沢ら主に八木家宿泊組と、根岸友山一派らは壬生村に残る事となり袂を別かつ。
English: The members of the Roshigumi who remained at the Mibu village called themselves Mibu-Roshigumi, and later formed the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 壬生村に残った浪士組隊員は壬生浪士組を名乗り、後に新撰組となっている。
English: (Yuzan NEGISHI left the Mibu-Roshigumi to join the Shinchogumi when the Kondo group of the Shinsengumi started purging.)
Japanese: （根岸友山は、新選組近藤一派に因る粛清が始まると、壬生浪士組を離脱し新徴組に合流）。
English: The bakufu was concerned that Kiyokawa would use the Roshigumi as a card for the Sonno and anti-shogunate movement, and sent assassins, including Tadasaburo SASAKI, in April of that year to murder Kiyokawa at Ichinohashi, Azabu.
Japanese: 同年4月、清河が、浪士組を尊王・倒幕運動の切札に使うと危惧した幕府は、佐々木只三郎ら刺客を差向け麻布一ノ橋にて清河を暗殺。
English: Before and after the murder, many of the members of the Torao no kai, including Murakami and Ishizaka, were arrested, and the Roshigumi was dissolved.
Japanese: 前後して虎尾の会出身者は村上・石坂ら多くが捕縛され、浪士組は解体される事となった。