nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: There is an anecdote which relates that when he was ordered to choose between half of Higo Province and Sanuki Province, he chose Higo.
Japanese: このとき、肥後半国と讃岐国とどちらかを選べと言われ、肥後を選んだという逸話がある。
English: His administration in Higo was a great success, and in particular he exhibited his remarkable ability, beyond the well-known flood control, in commercial policies such as making wheat a local specialty and using it to settle trade with Spain and Portugal.
Japanese: 肥後における治績は良好で、田麦を特産品化し南蛮貿易の決済に当てるなど、世に知られた治水以外に商業政策でも優れた手腕を発揮した。
English: In the Bunroku-Keicho War which started in 1592, he sent troops to Yi Dynasty Korea.
Japanese: 文禄元年（1592年）からの文禄・慶長の役では、李氏朝鮮へ出兵する。
English: After landing at Busan on May 28, he competed with Yukinaga KONISHI for the capture of the capital, Hanseong, and on June 12, he entered Hanseong via Nandai-mon gate (great south gate).
Japanese: 4月17日の釜山上陸後は小西行長と漢城の攻略を競い、5月3日南大門から漢城に入城した。
English: After the capture of Hanseong, he went on northward with the first squad of Yukinaga KONISHI and the third squad of Nagamasa KURODA, defeating the Korean troops of Kim Myeong-won in the Battle of Imjin River.
Japanese: 漢城攻略後は小西行長の一番隊や黒田長政の三番隊と共に北上し臨津江の戦いで金命元等の朝鮮軍を破る。
English: After this, his troops separated at Kinkoeki in Hwanghae Province from the first squad and the third squad, went in a northeastern direction to Hangyong Province, defeating the Korean troops of Kan Katsusei, subjugating Hangyong Province and capturing two Korean princes (Prince Imhaegun and Prince Sunhwagun) alive.
Japanese: その後黄海道金郊駅からは一番隊、三番隊とは別れ東北方向の咸鏡道に向かい海汀倉の戦いで韓克誠の朝鮮軍を破り、咸鏡道を平定、朝鮮二王子（臨海君・順和君）を生捕りにした。
English: Furthermore, Kiyomasa distinguished himself in many actions including his advance to Orangkai (present northeastern region of China) crossing the Korean border, the Tomanko River.
Japanese: 更には朝鮮の国境豆満江を越えてオランカイ（兀良哈・現在の中国東北部）へ進攻するなど数々の武功を挙げた。
English: In the second battle of Jinju Castle in June 1593, the Kato troops took charge of attacking the castle from the north side, while his followers, Gidayu MORIMOTO and Kakubei IIDA, assembled a Kikkosha (an armored vehicle), on which they scrambled to be first in the advance guard, competing with Mototsugu GOTO, a follower of Nagamasa KURODA, and made the castle fall.
Japanese: 文禄2年（1593年）6月の第二次晋州城の戦いで加藤軍は北面からの攻城を担当し、亀甲車を作り、配下の森本儀太夫、飯田覚兵衛が、黒田長政配下の後藤基次と一番乗りを競い城を陥落させた。
English: However, in addition to the fact that he returned the two Korean princes as a bargaining chip during negotiations, he had a confrontation in 1596 with Mitsunari ISHIDA over a peace settlement with Ming, for which he incurred the displeasure of Hideyoshi and was temporarily brought back to Kyoto.
Japanese: しかし交渉材料に朝鮮二王子を返還してしまうなど、慶長元年（1596年）、石田三成と明との和睦をめぐって意見の対立が生じ、それが元で秀吉の勘気を受けて一時は京都に戻される。
English: When they crossed the sea from Kyoto to Korea, Yukinaga KONISHI secretly informed the Korean troops of Kiyomasa's possible landing point so that they could kill him.
Japanese: 京から再び朝鮮に渡海する際、小西行長は明・朝鮮軍側に清正の上陸予想地点をに密かに知らせ、清正を討たせようとしている。
English: While Yukinaga KONISHI earned some trust from the Ming and Korean sides due to this, he took advantage of the situation and later lured the Ming and Korean troops out into the open and attacked them.
Japanese: 小西行長はこの件で明・朝鮮側から一定の信頼を得たが、行長はこれを逆手に取り、後に明・朝鮮軍をおびき出しだし打撃を与えている。
English: In the Keicho War of 1597, Kiyomasa again led the advance guard on a different route from that of Yukinaga KONISHI and after he attacked the Hwangsoksan Castle and forced it to surrender, he occupied Chonju, the capital of Jeolla Province.
Japanese: 慶長2年（1597年）からの慶長の役でも再び小西行長とは別路の先鋒となり、朝鮮軍の守る黄石山城を陥落させると、全羅道の道都全州を占領。
English: The Japanese side planned for Yoshinaga ASANO and Mototsugu SHISHIDO, a retainer of the Mori family, to newly construct the Ulsan Japanese Castle at a place to the east of the Sosenpo Wajo where Kiyomasa set up Nawabari (castle plan; general term for the layout of a castle and its component structures) and assign Kiyomasa to defend the castle after its completion (Nagamasa KURODA was planned to be stationed in the Sosenpo Wajo).
Japanese: 日本側では西生浦倭城の東方に新たに浅野幸長や毛利家家臣・宍戸元続によって清正が縄張りをした蔚山倭城‎を築城し、完成後清正を守備につける予定（西生浦倭城‎には黒田長政を駐屯予定）であった。
English: However, in January 1598 when a large Ming force attacked the Ulsan Japanese Castle, which was approaching completion, and the Battle of Ulsan started, Kiyomasa hastily entered the castle, leading about 500 close followers.
Japanese: しかし、慶長2年（1597年）12月に完成間近の蔚山倭城への明の大軍が攻め寄せて蔚山城の戦いが始まると清正は急遽側近のみ500人ほどを率いて蔚山倭城に入城した。
English: Kiyomasa put out all the effort he could muster to defend the castle which was incomplete and short of water and food supply against large forces of Ming and Korean troops, and kept the castle defended until the arrival of reinforcements with Hidemoto MORI and Nagamasa KURODA.
Japanese: 未完成で水も食糧も乏しい状況で明・朝鮮の大軍を防ぎきり、毛利秀元や黒田長政の援軍の到着まで城を守り抜いた。
English: In October 1598, the Ulsan Japanese Castle was attacked again, but the attack was successfully repelled.
Japanese: 慶長3年（1598年）9月にも再び蔚山倭城は攻撃を受けるがこれも撃退に成功する。
English: In addition, there is a traditional story which states that Kiyomasa subjugated a tiger (tora) during his military service in Korea, from which a game called Toraken was derived.
Japanese: なお、朝鮮出兵中にトラ退治をしたという伝承が残り、そこから虎拳という遊びの元になった。
English: He is understood to have brought celery into Japan and one of the Imyo (nicknames) of celery is 'Kiyomasa Ninjin' (Kiyomasa carrot).
Japanese: セロリを日本に持ち込んだとされており、セロリの異名の一つが「清正人参」である。
English: After Hideyoshi died in 1598, Kiyomasa approached Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, one of the Gotairo (Council of Five Elders) and he married an adopted daughter of Ieyasu as the second wife.
Japanese: 慶長3年（1598年）に秀吉が死去すると、五大老の徳川家康に接近し、家康の養女を継室として娶った。
English: Meanwhile, after Toshiie MAEDA died in March 1599, Kiyomasa was involved in an attempted assassination of Mitsunari ISHIDA along with six generals including Masanori FUKUSHIMA and Yoshinaga ASANO.
Japanese: そして慶長4年（1599年）3月に前田利家が死去すると、福島正則や浅野幸長ら6将と共に石田三成暗殺未遂事件を起こした。
English: At the time of the Battle of Sekigahara in which Mitsunari raised armies against Ieyasu, Kiyomasa stayed in Kyushu and defeated the powers of the Western Camp in Kyushu one after another, together with Yoshitaka KURODA giving the Eastern Camp of Ieyasu support, including the schemed surrenders of Uto-jo Castle of Yukinaga and Yanagawa-jo Castle of Muneshige TACHIBANA.
Japanese: 慶長5年（1600年）に三成が家康に対して挙兵した関ヶ原の戦いでは九州に留まり、黒田孝高と共に家康ら東軍に協力して行長の宇土城、立花宗茂の柳川城などを開城、調略し、九州の西軍勢力を次々と破った。
English: In addition, Yukinaga's Uto-jo Castle was demolished in 1612.
Japanese: なお、行長が居城とした宇土城は慶長17年（1612年）に破却されている。
English: In 1610, he cooperated in the Tokugawa clan's construction of Nagoya-jo Castle in Owari Province.
Japanese: 慶長15年（1610年）、徳川氏による尾張国・名古屋城の普請に協力した。
English: In April 1611, he exercised his good offices by mediating a meeting between Ieyasu and Hideyori TOYOTOMI in Nijo-jo Castle, however, he became ill on the ship on his way back home and died on August 2, 1611 in Kumamoto.
Japanese: 慶長16年（1611年）3月には二条城における家康と豊臣秀頼との会見を取り持つなど和解を斡旋したが、帰国途中の船内で発病し、6月24日に熊本で死去した。
English: His graveyards are Jochibyo at Hasseizan Honmyo-ji Temple in Hanazono, Kumamoto City, and one at Kinposan Tentaku-ji Temple in Maruoka, Tsuruoka City, Yamagata Prefecture.
Japanese: 墓所は熊本市花園の発星山本妙寺の浄池廟、また山形県鶴岡市丸岡の金峰山天澤寺。
English: After the death of Kiyomasa, his son Tadahiro KATO succeeded him; however, Tadahiro was deprived of his status by order of the Bakufu in 1632.
Japanese: 清正の死後、家督は子の加藤忠広が継いだが、寛永9年（1632年）、忠広は幕府の命により改易になった。
English: The reason, though opinion is widely divided, is said to have been the fact that the Kato family was one of the most influential Daimyo who received kind favors of the Toyotomi clan and so aroused suspicion.
Japanese: 理由は諸説あるが、加藤家が豊臣氏恩顧の最有力大名だったためと警戒されたとも言われている。
English: While Kiyomasa is generally known as a great commander having both wisdom and courage, he is also known as a master of castle construction to rank with Takatora TODO, and was engaged in the construction of many castles including Kumamoto-jo Castle, Nagoya-jo Castle (Hizen Province), Ulsan Japanese Castle, Edo-jo Castle and Nagoya-jo Castle (Owari Province).
Japanese: 清正は一般に智勇兼備の名将として知られているが、同時に藤堂高虎と並ぶ築城の名手としても知られ熊本城や名護屋城、蔚山倭城、江戸城、名古屋城など数々の城の築城に携わった。
English: He actively worked on flood-control in his territory along with Kakubei IIDA and Tosa OKI using Anoshu Guild.
Japanese: また飯田覚兵衛、大木土佐らと穴太衆を用いて領内の治水事業にも意欲的に取り組んだ。
English: The civil engineering technology was so superb that there are many remains which are still being used in the present day, 400 years later.
Japanese: その土木技術は非常に優れており400年後の現在も実用として使われている遺構も少なくない。
English: However, he paid wages, did not assign more labor to them than needed, and secured time for agricultural affairs by carrying out many of his projects in the farmers' slack season.
Japanese: しかし、給金を払い必要以上の労役を課すことなく、事業の多くを農閑期に行う事によって農事に割く時間を確保したという。
English: Kiyomasa himself was a devout Nichiren Buddhist, who established in his territory many temples of the Nichiren sect of Buddhism including Honmyo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 清正は熱心な日蓮宗の信徒でもあり、領内に本妙寺をはじめとする日蓮宗の寺を数多く創設した。
English: In addition, he is known for introducing the so-called 'Three strikes and you are out' law (this naming was not used at the time of Kiyomasa).
Japanese: そのほか、いわゆる「三振法（清正当時の呼称ではない）」を取り入れたことで知られる。
English: That law applied only to Samurai (warriors) and required that a Samurai be ordered to perform Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) if he commited minor offenses or made blunders in ceremonies three times.
Japanese: これは武士のみが対象であったが、軽微な罪や式典で粗相を3回起こすと切腹を申し付けられるものであった。
English: That law applied only to Samurai (warriors) and required that a Samurai be ordered to perform hara-kiri if he commited minor offenses or made blunders in ceremonies three times.
Japanese: 武将としては福島正則とともに豊臣氏配下の最有力の武将の一人で、正則とは親しかったとされる。
English: It is said that his relationship with Mitsunari ISHIDA became worse as the civilian government group and the military government group were gradually formed under the Toyotomi government, and his relationship with Yukinaga KONISHI was characterized by a scramble to be first in the advance guard in the dispatching of troops to Korea and by frequent conflicts over the borderline of their adjoining territories.
Japanese: 石田三成とは豊臣政権下で文治派、武断派が形成されるにつれて関係が悪化し、小西行長とは朝鮮出兵の際に先鋒をめぐって争ったことや互いの領地が隣り合わせであったため常に境界線をめぐって争ったとも言われている。
English: He is said to have had a large body build and stood about 191centimeters tall.
Japanese: 体格は非常に大きく、6尺3寸（約191センチメートル）の大男だったと言われている。
English: However, there is a theory that he was in reality less than 161centimeters tall and he tried to intimidate others with a show of a taller body by wearing an elongated warrior's helmet.
Japanese: だが実は5尺3寸（約161cm）にも満たない身長であったが、かぶる兜を長くして全体像を高く見せる事によって相手に威圧感を与えようとしていたという説もある。
English: While there are various historic sites and festivals related to Kiyomasa as 'Seishoko-san' in Kumamoto Prefecture (the former Kumamoto Domain) even today, Higo people at that time strongly revered Kiyomasa.
Japanese: 熊本県（旧熊本藩）においては、「清正公（せいしょこ）さん」として現在も種々の史跡や祭りなどにも取りあげられているが、当時の肥後人の清正への崇敬も強かった。
English: It was due to Kiyomasa's undertakings in Kumamoto in contrast to most of the daimyo, who just ruled their territories.
Japanese: これはほとんどの大名が単に統治しただけとは対照的に、清正の熊本での事業ことによる。
English: Although the Kiyomasa-line Kato clan was deprived of its fief, the reverence of Kiyomasa by the Higo people did not decline even at the time that the Higo Hosokawa family (the lord's family of the Kokura Domain, Buzen Province and the Kumamoto Domain in Higo Province) of the Hosokawa clan was transferred from Kokura Domain, Buzen Province.
Japanese: 清正没後にほどなく加藤氏清正系加藤氏は改易されるが、肥後人の清正崇拝は細川氏肥後細川家（豊前小倉藩、肥後熊本藩主家）が豊前国小倉藩から転封してくる際にも衰えなかった。
English: It is said that the Hosokawa clan considered the popularity of Kiyomasa carefully and entered the territory with a memorial tablet of Kiyomasa at the head of the procession, after which the lord of the domain, Tadatoshi HOSOKAWA, went up to the Honmaru of the Kumamoto-jo Castle, knelt down toward Honmyo-ji Temple (Kumamoto City) where the mausoleum dedicated to Kiyomasa was located, and said 'Please let me look after your castle,' which was exceptional conduct.
Japanese: その人気を慮って、細川氏は清正の霊位を先頭にかざして入部し、藩主細川忠利は熊本城本丸に登り、清正の祀る廟所がある本妙寺(熊本市)へ拝跪して「あなたのお城を預からせていただきます」と異例の所作をしたと云われている。
English: Although Kiyomasa ruled Higo Province from 1587 to 1611, he was really substantially settled in Kumamoto for a total of about 15 years due to the dispatch of troops to Korea and so on.
Japanese: 清正が肥後国を治めていたのは、天正15年（1587年）から慶長16年（1611年）の期間だが、朝鮮出兵等もあって実際に熊本に腰を据えていた期間は、実質延べ15年程である。
English: In Higo Province before Kiyomasa, no influential Daimyo had appeared and the age of rival Kokujin (local lords) continued, and even Narimasa SASSA was unable to get the situation under control, leaving the province devastated.
Japanese: 清正以前の肥後は有力大名が現われず国人が割拠する時代が続き、佐々成政でさえも収拾できず荒廃していた。
English: In such a situation, Kiyomasa went ahead with a plan to increase production by civil engineering technology including flood control, which was his strong point.
Japanese: そんな中、清正は得意とする治水等の土木技術による生産量の増強を推し進めた。
English: Although those engineering works were conducted mainly in the farmers' slack season and workers were mobilized irrespective of gender, these were a type of public works and wages were paid, and therefore people were reportedly pleased to cooperate.
Japanese: これらは主に農閑期に進められ、男女を問わず徴用されたが、これは一種の公共工事であり、給金も支払われた為みな喜んで協力したという。
English: Before the 'Major improvement work for Shirakawa and Tsuboigawa,' Shira-kawa River (Kumamoto Prefecture) and Tsuboi-gawa River (Kumamoto Prefecture) used to merge at the area around the current City Hall of Kumamoto City; however, Kiyomasa changed the course of the rivers to the current one by building stone embankments.
Japanese: 「白川・坪井川大改修」以前は白川(熊本県)と坪井川(熊本県)は現在の熊本市役所付近で合流していたが、石塘を造り現在の流路に変更。
English: They included the replacement of Kikuchi-gawa River, a dam for cormorant fishing on Midori-kawa River, a dam for worshipping from a distance on Kuma-gawa River and several improvement works on Shira-kawa River.
Japanese: 菊池川の付替、緑川の鵜の瀬堰、球磨川の遥拝堰、白川に於ける各種改修等。
English: He adopted a remarkably experimental technology for irrigation channels (Babakusu no Ide) in the irrigation works for the Shira-kawa River system, mainly to the Kumamoto Plain.
Japanese: 白川水系の主に熊本平野への灌漑事業に於ける、非常に実験的な用水技術（馬場楠井手）等。
English: Although the Hosokawa family started to rule the province, the popularity of the family among the people never surpassed that of 'Seishoko-san.'
Japanese: 細川家による統治が始まるも、人民の人気は遂に｢せいしょこさん｣＝清正公を超える事はなかった。
English: While the wealthy farmers developed lands, accumulated wealth and strove for new developments, the Hosokawa clan is said to have been held in contempt as 'Poor Tonosama (feudal lord) in Higo' and to have left many of its debts unpaid.
Japanese: 豪農は開拓し富を蓄え新規開拓に励む一方、細川氏は｢肥後の貧乏な殿様」と蔑まれ、踏み倒した証文も少なくないという。
English: As a distinguished family, the Hosokawa clan continued to be made uneasy after all by the ghost of their predecessor, without asserting any ultimate authority.
Japanese: 名門細川氏は遂に肥後に於いて、強権を振るう事無く、前任者の亡霊におびやかし続けられた。
English: One day, they agreed that the winner in a Kendo (swordsmanship) match would become a lord and the loser a retainer.
Japanese: ある日、剣の試合をして勝ったものが主君になり、負けたものが家来になるという約束をした。
English: Kiyomasa won and the agreement was kept, and his two friends continued to have a trustworthy master-servant relationship with Kiyomasa as his trusted assistants.
Japanese: 清正が勝ち、その約束は守られ、二人は清正の両腕として信頼される主従関係を結び続けた。
English: When Isami KONDO, the leader of the Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate) came to know of this anecdote, he is said to have put his fist into his mouth after the manner of Kiyomasa, whom he admired.
Japanese: その話を聞いた新選組局長・近藤勇も憧れていた清正にあやかり、真似をして拳を口に入れていたという。
English: To that remark, Kiyomasa is said to have replied, 'I myself want it light, but if I wear these like this, my retainers follow suit and never fail to be prepared for a battle.'
Japanese: 「わしだって軽くしたい。だが、わしがこうしていれば家臣も見習い、常に戦時の備えを怠らないだろう」と答えたという。
English: Furthermore, he is said to have dismissed a page who forgot to carry army provisions on his side in peacetime, accusing him of negligence.
Japanese: また、平時に腰兵糧をつけるのを忘れた小姓を怠慢であるとして免職にしたという。
English: Kiyomasa conflicted with Mitsunari over the dispatch of troops to Korea, as a result of which he was summoned home to Kyoto by Hideyoshi and placed under house arrest in Fushimi.
Japanese: 清正は朝鮮出兵で三成と対立し、それが原因で秀吉から京に召還された後、伏見に蟄居させられていた。
English: However, when the Great Fushimi Earthquake occurred in 1596 and Fushimi-jo Castle where Hideyoshi lived collapsed, Kiyomasa is said to have quickly hurried to Hideyoshi with a party of 300 soldiers under his command and acted as escort.
Japanese: しかし慶長元年（1596年）、伏見大地震が起こって秀吉がいた伏見城が倒壊したとき、清正は300人の手勢を率いていち早く秀吉のもとに駆けつけ、警護を務めたと言われている。
English: Regardless of his status of being confined to his house, Kiyomasa hurried to Hideyoshi without the latter's permission, which could have had him ordered to commit seppuku if there was the slightest mistake; however, Hideyoshi is said to have forgiven Kiyomasa for his fault in Korea, praising his loyalty.
Japanese: 蟄居身分でありながら、これは秀吉の許しもなく駆けつけたものであり一つ間違えれば切腹となるところだったが、秀吉は清正の忠義を賞賛して朝鮮での罪を許したという。
English: While Kiyomasa never forgot his lifelong loyalty to the Toyotomi clan, he recognized the ruling power of Ieyasu, who frightened him.
Japanese: 清正は豊臣氏への忠義を終生忘れなかったが、家康を恐れその天下も認めていた。
English: When his friend Masanori was ordered to construct Nagoya-jo Castle in Owari Province for Yoshinao TOKUGAWA, a child of Ieyasu, he grumbled, 'Why should I give my help to even construct a castle for a son of Ogosho (Ieyasu)?'
Japanese: 朋友の正則が家康の子・徳川義直が入る尾張名古屋城の普請を命じられたとき、「大御所の息子の城普請まで手伝わなければならないのか」と愚痴をこぼした。
English: To that, Kiyomasa is said to have advised, 'If you don't like it, then go back to your province and prepare for battles.'
Japanese: これに対して清正は「嫌なら領国に帰って戦準備をしろ」と告げたという。
English: And then, when it became trendy among Daimyo to shave off their whiskers, Ieyasu ordered a retainer to visit Kiyomasa and to hear his intention.
Japanese: そして、大名たちに髭を剃ることが流行りだしたとき家康は家臣に命じて清正に聞きに行かせた。
English: To the recommendation for him to shave off his whiskers, Kiyomasa declined, saying, 'I feel comfortable when my beard touch the cheek protector of my armor', by which he came to be seen as a staunch Busho.
Japanese: 貴殿も剃られてはいかがかと勧められたのに対して「鎧の頬あてに髭があたる感覚が心地よいので」と断ったことから、骨のある武将との評判がたった。
English: While things didn't look too good in the relationship between Tokugawa and Toyotomi, he is said to have lamented by saying to his pet monkey, 'Would you like to learn the teachings of Confucius, too?' when he saw the monkey scribbling in his Rongo book in red imitating him during a boat trip from Osaka.
Japanese: 徳川と豊臣の雲行きが怪しいなか、大坂からの船旅の中、清正の飼っていた猿が真似をして彼の論語の本に朱筆で落書きをしたのを見て「お前も聖人の教えが知りたいか」と嘆じたという。
English: When Kiyomasa ruled a territory of 240,000 koku crop yields in the northern part of Higo Province, a rebellion led by powerful local families occurred in Amakusa, the territory of Yukinaga KONISHI.
Japanese: 清正が肥後北部24万石を治めていた頃、小西行長の領地・天草で豪族の反乱が起きた。
English: When his troops participated in the battle to lend a hand, he engaged in single combat with a well-known heroic figure, Danjo KIYAMA.
Japanese: その援軍に向かった時、反乱軍でも武勇知られた木山弾正という豪傑と一騎打ちになった。
English: When Danjo, an expert archer, was going to shoot an arrow, Kiyomasa said, 'This is one-on-one combat, so let us fight openly and fairly with swords' and instantly threw away the spear he held.
Japanese: 相手は弓の使い手で、矢を射ようとしたために清正は「一騎打ちなれば、正々堂々打ち物（太刀）で勝負」と声を掛けて、手にしていた槍をその場で投げ捨てた。
English: Danjo saw it and also threw away his bow, then Kiyomasa immediately picked up his spear, attacked and defeated his opponent.
Japanese: これを見た弾正も弓を捨てたところ、清正はすかさず槍を拾いあげて突きかかり、討ち取ったという。
English: When the Shiki-jo Castle side sent a group of soldiers to receive Kiyomasa's representatives, Kiyomasa's troops suddenly attacked and massacred them, and took up a position giving a gleeful chuckle.
Japanese: 志岐城側が出迎えの衆を寄越すと、これに突然襲い掛かって皆殺しにし、してやったりとして陣を敷いたという。
English: A bereaved child of Danjo KIYAMA who called himself Goro YOKOTE and was proud of his phenomenal strength, was watching for an opportunity to take revenge for his father's death working as a laborer in the construction site of Kumamoto-jo Castle.
Japanese: 木山弾正の遺児は横手五郎と名乗り怪力が自慢であったが、熊本城築城の人夫となり敵討ちの機会をねらっていた。
English: However, Goro is said to have been buried alive by Kiyomasa, who came to know his plan, throwing stones and sand into a well in the castle in which he was working.
Japanese: しかし、これに気付いた清正によって城内の井戸の中の作業をしているときに石・砂を投げ込まれ生き埋めにされたという。
English: However, there are various theories, one of which is an anecdote that Goro was accepted by Kiyomasa and became his loyal retainer.
Japanese: しかしこの逸話には諸説あり、清正に認められ、忠実な家臣になったと言う逸話もある。
English: While the cause of Kiyomasa's death is understood to have been emaciation due to sexual overindulgence (venereal disease) according to "Todaiki" (a famous chronicle describing the Early Modern age), some say it was Togasa (syphilis) and some say it was murder by poisoning by Ieyasu or his followers.
Japanese: 清正の死因は『当代記』によれば腎虚（花柳病）とされているが、唐瘡（梅毒）説や家康またはその一派による毒殺説もある。
English: In 1613, two years after the death of Kiyomasa, Yoshinaga ASANO, one of the most influential Daimyo under the patronage of the Toyotomi clan, also died of venereal disease.
Japanese: また清正の死から2年後の慶長18年（1613年）、豊臣氏恩顧の最有力大名であった浅野幸長も同じく花柳病で死去している。
English: It was true that Ieyasu was wary of both Kiyomasa and Yukinaga as influential Daimyo under the patronage of the Toyotomi clan.
Japanese: 清正・幸長の両名は豊臣氏恩顧の有力大名として家康から警戒されていたのは事実である。
English: Since the two Daimyo died of the same disease and suddenly as well, it touched off speculation of murder by poisoning by Ieyasu.
Japanese: その両名が同じ病気でしかも急死したため、家康による毒殺ではないかとの憶測も流れた。
English: There are several theories for murder by poisoning including that of poisoning by dishes served in the meeting at Nijo-jo Castle and by a poisonous bun.
Japanese: 暗殺説の中でも二条城会見での料理による毒殺、毒饅頭による毒殺など様々にある。
English: There is a theory that the cause of his death was Hansen's disease and it is said that many visited Kato-jinja Shrine dedicated to Kiyomasa to pray for their recovery from illness in the ages when there were many patients.
Japanese: また死因はハンセン病（癩病、ハンセン病）であったとする説もあり、罹患者の多かった時代には清正を祀る加藤神社に平癒を願う参詣者が多かったという。
English: Incidentally, it was not uncommon that the Honmyo-ji Temple (Kumamoto City) got crowded with patients disabled by syphilis or Hansen's disease until the 20s of the Meiji period (around the end of 19th century).
Japanese: ちなみに熊本市の本妙寺(熊本市)は明治20年代まで梅毒やハンセン病で不具になってしまった患者達で混雑する事が珍しくなかった。
English: That was due to the fact that visitors to the temple as believers treated Kiyomasa whose tomb was located there as a kind of god, begging for mercy and curing them of their diseases.
Japanese: 参拝客達に哀れみを乞い、この寺に墓がある清正を一種の神と崇め、病を治して貰おうという信仰があったからである。
English: Hannah Riddell, a female missionary of the Church of England, one of the persons who left behind a great achievement in the history of the Hansen's disease in Japan, was greatly shocked to see a crowd of patients at the temple and came to devote her life to give aid to patients suffering from Hansen's disease.
Japanese: 日本のハンセン病の歴史において大きな足跡を残した一人、イギリス国教会の婦人伝道師だったハンナ・リデルはこの寺で見た患者達の群を見て甚大なショックを受け、その生涯を彼らの救済に傾けた。
English: To say 'Kato' in Japanese sign language, there is a sign imitating the action of 'holding a spear in both hands and thrusting it out.'
Japanese: 日本手話における「加藤」の手話単語の一つに「両手で槍を持って前に突き出す」動作を真似たものがある。
English: That sign is said to have to do with the fable of Kiyomasa KATO subjugating a tiger (there are other ways to say it including a sign for 'Ka' of the finger alphabet used with a sign to show 'to' [Japanese wisteria], a plant, and a sign imitating a mustache with one finger, which has to do with Cha KATO.)
Japanese: これは加藤清正の虎退治の古事にちなんだものと言われる（他に指文字「か」＋植物の藤を表す手話単語を用いる場合や、タレントの加藤茶にちなんでつけ髭を指で真似る手話単語など）。
English: A member of Shinsengumi, Shichisaburo IKEDA (December 27, 1849 – January 16, 1938) was the last remaining survivor of Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late Tokugawa shogunate period).
Japanese: 池田七三郎（いけだしちさぶろう、嘉永2年11月13日(旧暦)（1849年12月27日）-昭和13年（1938年）1月16日）は、新選組平隊士であり、新選組の最後の生き残りであった。
English: After he went to Edo in 1865, he learned swordsmanship in the training hall of Seiichiro AMANO and became a vassal of a hatamoto (a direct retainer of the Shogun).
Japanese: 1865年に江戸に出て、天野精一郎の道場で剣術を学んだ後、旗本の家臣となる。