nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: There were two types of samurai in the bakufu: those who had come from samurai families since the Kamakura bakufu, and emerging samurai who used to be called akuto (a villain in the medieval times) and were illegitimate children forced to stay with their families.
Japanese: また、幕府内には鎌倉幕府以来の武士層とかつては悪党と呼ばれた人々や惣領の傘下に入ることを余儀なくされた庶子層などからなる新興武士層が存在した。
English: It is believed that the former, along with conservative power such as nobles, temples and shrines, supported Tadayoshi while the latter, who claimed security of rights for the possession of the shoen without oppression from the former, supported Moronao.
Japanese: 前者及び貴族や寺社などの守旧的な勢力が直義を、彼らからの圧迫を排除して在地における支配権の保障を求めた後者が師直を支持したとされている。
English: It is supposed that nobles, temples and shrines in power who were intelligentsia and left many records in the period, had conflicts with emerging samurai who opposed them and the Ashikaga clan who protected these samurai.
Japanese: この時代の知識階層で多く記録を残した貴族・寺社勢力は彼らに反抗する新興武士層や彼らの擁護者である足利氏との対立も有ったと思われる。
English: Moronao introduced "bundori kirisute no ho" (a type of militant rule) to create maximum mobility of the army for large battles.
Japanese: また、師直は大規模な合戦の中で軍の機動性を発揮させるため、分捕切捨の法を初めて採用した。
English: Samurai used to carry the heads of commanders from opposing armies who they had killed as proof of distinguished service in battle until gaining approval from a military commissioner, however, Moronao made a military command to abandon the head as soon as a fellow samurai had checked it.
Japanese: これは、戦功確認として斬った敵将の首を一々軍奉行に認定されるまで後生大事に持っているのではなく、近くにいる仲間に確認してもらったらすぐその場に捨てよというものだった。
English: The command was described as revolutionary at that time and it was a good example of Moronao's rationalism.
Japanese: 当時としては画期的であると評される軍令で、師直の合理主義者的側面を証明する実例とされる。
English: When an attack by Masatsura KUSUNOKI's army began during the Battle of Shijonawate, a vassal called Takamoto KAMIYAMA (Rokuro-zaemon) visited Moronao's camp.
Japanese: 四条畷の戦いにおいて楠木正行の軍による攻撃が始まった際、上山高元（六郎左衛門）という家臣が師直の陣中に訪ねていた。
English: Kamiyama, visiting Moronao's camp in battle without a suit of armour, tried to steal Moronao's to get through the crisis he was facing.
Japanese: 上山は鎧も持たずに師直の陣を訪れていたため、この危機を乗り切るべく、師直の鎧を一領拝借しようとした。
English: Moronao walked past when Takamoto was having a struggle with Moronao's subordinates who were questioning him.
Japanese: それを見咎めた師直の配下との争いの最中に、鎧の持ち主である当の師直が通りかかった。
English: Moronao said "For the one going to fight instead of me, a suit of armour is nothing" and he gave Takamoto his armour.
Japanese: 師直は「今、師直にかわって働いてくれようとする者に、なにを鎧一領ごときを惜しもうぞ」と言い、上山にその鎧を与えたのである。
English: During the Battle of Shijonawate, a fierce attack by the Southern Court led by Masatsura KUSUNOKI chased Moronao into a corner.
Japanese: この四条畷の戦いでは楠木正行率いる南朝の猛攻撃に遭い、師直は窮地に立たされた。
English: "Mounted Warrior" on the hanging roll owned by the Kyoto National Museum has always been thought of as Takauji ASHIKAGA in history textbooks etc.
Japanese: 京都国立博物館所蔵の『騎馬武者像』は伝足利尊氏として歴史教科書などでも知られていた。
English: However, in recent years, there is a skeptical view about it, which claims that the warrior is actually Moronao or Morofuyu.
Japanese: しかし、近年はこれに懐疑的な見方が一般的で、画像の人物は師直もしくは高師冬であるという説もある。
English: Nobukata TAKEDA (1420 - June 29, 1471) was a warlord and provincial military governor in the Muromachi period and the second head of the Wakasa-Takeda clan that was a branch family of the Takeda clan.
Japanese: 武田信賢（たけだのぶかた、応永27年（1420年）-文明(日本)3年6月2日(旧暦)（1471年6月20日））は室町時代の守護大名、武田氏若狭武田氏の第2代当主である。
English: He is said to have accompanied his older brother Nobuhide, who assassinated Yoshitsura ISSHIKI on the order of the Sixth Shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA.
Japanese: 兄の信栄に従い、6代将軍足利義教の命による一色義貫暗殺の際には行動を共にしたという。
English: In Kakitsu War occurred on July 21 of the following year, 1441, Yoshinori was assassinated by his vassal Mitsusuke AKAMATSU, and Nobukata joined the army to destroy the Akamatsu clan in accordance with the order of the shogunate.
Japanese: 翌嘉吉元年6月24日(旧暦)（1441年）の嘉吉の乱で、義教が家臣の赤松満祐に暗殺されると、信賢は幕命に従い赤松氏討伐軍に従軍する。
English: During that time, people including the remnants of the Isshiki clan rose in a rebellion in Wakasa Province, and he is said to have returned his army to Wakasa to subdue it.
Japanese: この間隙に、若狭国では一色氏の残党などによる一揆が発生したため、軍を若狭に返して一揆鎮圧に当たったという。
English: The remnants of the Isshiki clan continued rebelling frequently after that, and Nobukata, being bothered by it to a great extent, even issued a tokuseirei (debt cancellation order).
Japanese: その後も一色氏の残党による一揆が頻繁に発生し、信賢がこれに大いに悩まされ、徳政令を出したこともあった。
English: In Onin War occurred in 1467, he belonged to the Eastern Army led by Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and fought against the Isshiki clan of the Western Army.
Japanese: 応仁元年（1467年）から勃発した応仁の乱では、細川勝元率いる東軍に属して西軍の一色氏と戦った。
English: In April 1469, he invaded Tango Province and threatened Yoshinao ISSHIKI, but died from a disease on June 29, 1471 at the age of 51.
Japanese: 応仁3年（1469年）4月には丹後国に攻め入って一色義直を圧迫したが、1471年6月2日(旧暦)、病のために死去、享年51。
English: TAIRA no Tomoakira (1169 - March 20, 1184) was the oldest son of TAIRA no Tomomori.
Japanese: 平知章（たいらのともあきら、嘉応元年（1169年）-寿永3年2月7日(旧暦)（1184年3月20日））は、平知盛の長男。
English: In the Battle of Ichinotani broke out in February 1184, he fought against the troops belonging to the Minamoto clan that were commanded by MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, with his father Tomomori.
Japanese: 寿永3年（1184年）2月の一ノ谷の戦いでは、父・知盛に従い、源氏方の源義経軍と戦闘。
English: According to the chapter titled 'Tomoakira no saigo' (The End of Tomoakira) of "Heike Monogatari" (The Tale of the Heike), Tomoakira, his father Tomomori and their retainer kenmotsu (inspector of the transfer into and from ware houses of the Court) Yorikata were put to flight on horseback amid the debacle of their whole army.
Japanese: 『平家物語』の「知章最期」によると、全軍総崩れの中、知盛と知章、郎党の監物頼方の主従三騎で敗走。
English: Noticing that Tomomori was tackled by the head of Kodama party, he squeezed himself into the two and killed the head.
Japanese: 児玉党の大将が知盛に組付くところに割って入り、児玉党の大将を討ち取った。
English: TAIRA no Narimori (around 1169 - March 20, 1184) was the third son of TAIRA no Norimori.
Japanese: 平業盛（たいらのなりもり、嘉応元年（1169年）?-寿永3年2月7日(旧暦)（1184年3月20日））は、平教盛の三男。
English: Taking advantage of his family background that his father Norimori was a younger brother of TAIRA no Kiyomori, he succeeded in life by being appointed as a court official despite his young age amid the golden age of the Taira clan government.
Japanese: 父の教盛は平清盛の弟であり、業盛も平氏政権の全盛の中で若くして任官し栄達した。
English: However, when the Taira family was driven from the capital by MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka in July 1183, Narimori accompanied them with his father and older brothers.
Japanese: しかし寿永2年（1183年）7月、源義仲に追われ平家一門が都落ちすると、業盛も父や兄らともにこれに従った。
English: Narimori, who was defending the camp established near mountains with his older brothers, was killed by the army commanded by MINAMOTO no Noriyori on February 7, 1184 in the Battle of Ichinotani.
Japanese: 寿永3年（1184年）2月7日、一ノ谷の戦いにおいて、兄たちとともに山手の城戸口の防備にあたったが、源範頼の軍の手にかかり戦死。
English: According to "Heike Monogatari" (The Tale of the Heike), Narimori was killed by Shigeyuki TSUCHIYA, an inhabitant of Hitachi Province.
Japanese: 『平家物語』によると、業盛は常陸国の住人・土屋重行と組んで討たれたとされている。
English: "Genpei Seisuiki" (The Rise and Decline of the Minamoto and Taira clans) describes the Narimori's death in further detail as follows.
Japanese: 『源平盛衰記』にはその最期の様子が、以下の通りより詳しく描かれている。
English: The Taira's army, which was plunged into chaos by a surprise attack called "Hiyodorigoe no sakaotoshi" that was commanded by MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, started fleeing to their fleet waiting on the sea.
Japanese: 即ち、源義経の逆落としの奇襲によって大混乱に陥った平家軍は海上の船団に向かって敗走しはじめた。
English: When Narimori sat astride Shiro and tried to cut off his head, Goro DOROYA who came to help Shiro threw his arms around Narimori's kabuto (helmet).
Japanese: 業盛が上になって四郎の首を搔こうとするが、そこへ泥屋五郎が助けに現れて、業盛に兜に取りついた。
English: According to martial tales such as "Heike Monogatari" and "Genpei Seisuiki," Noritsune participated actively in subsequent battles, The Battles of Yashima and The Battle of Dannoura.
Japanese: 『平家物語』『源平盛衰記』などの軍記物語ではこの後の屋島の戦い、壇ノ浦の戦いで大いに活躍している。
English: On February 13, the head of Narimori was exposed in Kyoto with other heads of the Taira clan killed in the Battle of Ichinotani.
Japanese: 2月13日、一ノ谷の戦いで討たれた他の平家一門の首とともに京都で獄門に処された。
English: Yoshinao KOZAI (January 28, 1864 - June 18, 1934) was a Japanese agricultural chemist.
Japanese: 古在由直（こざいよしなお、文久3年12月20日(旧暦)（1864年1月28日）-昭和9年（1934年）6月18日）は、日本の農芸化学。
English: His eldest son Yoshimasa married Sumie, who was the second daughter of a historian Taira SHIDEHARA, and his second son Yoshishige KOZAI is known as a Marxian philosopher.
Japanese: 長男・由正は歴史家・幣原坦の次女・澄江と結婚し、次男・古在由重はマルクス主義哲学者として知られている。
English: An astronomer Yoshihide KOZAI is the eldest son of Yoshimasa and his wife Sumie (accordingly he is Yoshinao's legitimate grandchild).
Japanese: 天文学者の古在由秀は由正・澄江夫妻の長男（従って由直の嫡孫）にあたる。
English: In 1886, he graduated from Komaba Nogakko (Komaba Agricultural School, which is the predecessor of the Faculty of Agriculture at Tokyo University).
Japanese: 明治19年（1886年）：駒場農学校（東京大学農学部の前身）を卒業。
English: He verified the pollution by copper through an investigation of Ashio Copper Mine Mineral Pollution Incident and galvanized public opinion from the viewpoint of the peasants.
Japanese: 足尾鉱毒事件の調査で銅による汚染を実証し、農民の立場に立ち世論を喚起した。
English: He spearheaded reconstruction of the university which was severely damaged by the Great Kanto Earthquake, which occurred during his presidential term at Tokyo University.
Japanese: 東大総長任期中に起きた関東大震災で大きな被害に遭った大学の復興事業を先頭に立って実施した。
English: Tan SHIDEHARA (October 12, 1870 - June 29, 1953) was a historian and an education administrator.
Japanese: 幣原坦（しではらたん、明治3年9月18日(旧暦)（1870年10月12日）-昭和28年（1953年）6月29日）は、日本の歴史家の一覧、教育関係人物一覧。
English: He became the principal of the Hiroshima Higher Normal School in 1913, after serving several positions including an instructor at Tokyo Higher Normal School, an advisor in the Korean Empire, a supervisor in the Ministry of Education, and a professor at the University of Tokyo.
Japanese: 東京高等師範学校教授、大韓帝国学部学政参与官、文部省視学官、東大教授を歴任した後1913年（大正2年）広島高等師範学校長となった。
English: He diligently worked to establish the Taipei Imperial University and, upon its establishment, was appointed its first president.
Japanese: 台北帝国大学の創設に努力し、1928年（昭和3年）同大学初代総長に就任。
English: He became the first director of the Konan Renseiin in 1942 and then became a member of the Japanese Privy Council in 1946.
Japanese: 1942年（昭和17年）興南錬成院初代院長になり敗戦後の1946年（昭和21年）枢密院(日本)に就任。
English: His professional studies focused on Korean history, but he was most commonly known as a bureaucrat and an educator.
Japanese: 本職は朝鮮史を専攻する歴史家だが、学者としてよりは官僚、教育者として知られている。
English: Tan's younger brother was Kijuro SHIDEHARA, a politician who was a diplomatic, and Kijuro's wife, Masako, was the fourth daughter of Yataro IWASAKI, the founder of Mitsubishi Zaibatsu (a financial clique or group, or company syndicate).
Japanese: 坦の弟は外交官出身の政治家・幣原喜重郎で、喜重郎の妻・雅子は三菱財閥の創始者・岩崎弥太郎の四女である。
English: Michitaro, the oldest son of Kijuro and Masako, was a scholar who served as a professor at Dokkyo University.
Japanese: また、喜重郎・雅子夫妻の長男・道太郎は獨協大学教授を務めた学者である。
English: It can be said that the SHIDEHARA family had kinship ties with both the IWASAKI family--the founders of Mitsubishi--and the KOZAI family.
Japanese: 幣原家は古在家及び三菱の創業者一族・岩崎家と閨閥によって結ばれているといえる。
English: TAIRA no Tomonori (date of birth unknown - June 2, 1183) was a busho (a Japanese military commander) who lived during the late Heian period.
Japanese: 平知度（たいらのとものり、生年不詳-1183年6月2日（寿永2年5月11日(旧暦)））は、平安時代末期の武将。
English: He went to the Hokuriku region for hunting down and killing MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka, but he was killed in the Battle of the Kurikara Pass.
Japanese: さらに源義仲を討つために北陸に下向するが、倶利伽羅峠の戦いで討死した。
English: Takatoshi MITSUI (1622- May 29, 1694) was a merchant who lived during the Edo Period.
Japanese: 三井高利（みついたかとし、元和(日本)8年（1622年）-元禄7年5月6日(旧暦)（1694年5月29日））は、江戸時代の商人である。
English: The history of the Mitsui as wealthy merchants began when Takatoshi, the eldest son of Takayasu MITSUI who was said to be the old retainer of the Rokkaku clan, abandoned his class as a samurai in the early Genna era and opened up a pawn shop and a sake brewery in Matsusaka, Ise Province.
Japanese: 豪商三井の歴史は六角氏の旧臣と言われている三井高安の長男・高俊が元和(日本)のはじめころ武士をすて伊勢国松坂で質屋と造り酒屋を開業したところから始まる。
English: He served an apprenticeship under Takatsugu MITSUI (Saburozaemon), his eldest brother, who started Mitsui Family kuginuki (nail puller) in Edo, and became a clerk.
Japanese: 江戸で釘抜三井家を創業した長兄の三井高次（三郎左衛門）に丁稚奉公し、番頭となる。
English: In 1673, he opened a kimono shop in Edo Honcho 1 Chome, and made the name of the store as Echigo-ya (the later MITSUKOSHI).
Japanese: 1673年、江戸本町一丁目に呉服店を開業し、屋号を越後屋（のちの三越）とする。
English: These methods were novel to the kimono fabric business, for in those days, it was customary that payment was done on credit until a later day, and the unit of trade was in 1 tan (length app 10.6 m and width apploximately 34 cm); and this new system was useful for the customers, too, for while demanded to pay in cash, merchandise in good quality might be bought in the amount necessary for a good price (since there was no danger of welshing the credit, there was no need to tack on for that risk).
Japanese: 当時、代金は後日の掛け（ツケ）払い、売買単位は1反単位が当たり前であった呉服業界においては斬新であり、顧客に現金支払いを要求する一方で良質な商品を必要な分だけ安価で販売した（ツケの踏み倒しの危険性がないためにそのリスク分を価格に上乗せする必要性がなかった）ために、顧客にとっても便利な仕組みであったのである。
English: Later, Takatoshi moved to Kyoto and lived there to professionally handle brokerage business, and had his eldest son, Takadai MITSUI, and others in charge of the shop in Edo.
Japanese: 後に、高利は後に京都に移り住んで仲買の仕事を専門に扱い、江戸の店を長男三井高平らに任せるようになった。
English: However, he was persecuted from those who were in the same trade that were jealous of the way he prospered, and he was banished from associations, his employees were hired away, he was boycotted, and so on.
Japanese: だが、この繁栄ぶりに嫉妬した同業者からは迫害され、組合からの追放や引き抜き、不買運動などを行われる。
English: Yet, owing to the recommendation of Narisada MAKINO who was a sobayonin (lord chamberlain), he became a merchant of the Shogunate's official business, and since then, those movements ceased.
Japanese: だが、側用人牧野成貞の推薦によって幕府御用達の商人となってからはこうした動きも影を潜めた。
English: 2, All of the income from each of the family's business must be distributed only after a certain amount has been put away for reserved funds.
Japanese: 二、各家の営業より生ずる総収入は必ず一定の積み立て金を引去りたる後、はじめてこれを各家に分配すべし。
English: 3, A choja (chieftain of family) must be nominated from each of the family to be appointed as 老八分 to be the supervisior of the entire body, and each family head must follow his orders.
Japanese: 三、各家の内より一人の年長者を挙げ、老八分としてこれを全体の総理たらしめ、各家主はこの命にしたがうべし。
English: 7, The master, for all matters of the family, must be well acquainted with them irrespective of high and low, big and small of those matters.
Japanese: 七、主は凡て一家の事、上下大小の区別無く、これに通暁する事に心掛けるべし。
English: 8, Children of the same family must, within a certain amount of time, must experience working as a clerk and an assistant manager, and never be treated as a master.
Japanese: 八、同族の小児は一定の年限内に於いては、番頭、手代の下に労役せしめ、決して主人たるの待遇をなさしめざるべし。
English: Fusanosuke KUHARA (July 12, 1869-January 29, 1965) was a Japanese businessman and statesman before the war.
Japanese: 久原房之助（くはらふさのすけ、1869年7月12日（明治2年6月4日(旧暦)）-1965年1月29日）は、戦前日本の実業家、政治家。
English: He was also called "Kozan ou" (king of mining industry) for bening a president of Kuhara Kogyosho (Hitachi copper mine), which later became Hitachi, Ltd. and Kuhara Zaibatsu.
Japanese: 日立製作所創立の基盤となった久原鉱業所（日立銅山）や久原財閥の総帥として「鉱山王」の異名を取った。
English: He served as the Minister of Communication and the president of Rikken seiyukai (Kuhara group) and was called "power broker of the political world."
Japanese: 逓信大臣、立憲政友会（久原派）総裁を歴任し「政界の黒幕」と呼ばれた。
English: He was born on July 12, 1869 as the forth son of Shozaburo KUHARA (1840-1908) in present-day Hagi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture.
Japanese: 1869年7月12日、久原庄三郎（1840-1908）の四男として、現在の山口県萩市に生まれた。
English: When Denzabur established "Denzaburo Fujita Shokai" (later Fujita Gumi, current DOWA Holdings), Shozaburo's name was listed as a partner.
Japanese: なお、庄三郎は伝三郎が「藤田伝三郎商会」（後の藤田組、現在のDOWAホールディングス）設立の際には共同経営者として名前を連ねている。
English: However, he joined his uncle's Fujita Gumi with an order of Kaoru INOUE who was connected with the uncle Denzaburo FUJITA.
Japanese: しかし、叔父藤田伝三郎と結びついていた井上馨の命令で、叔父の藤田組に入る。
English: In 1910, he founded Hitachi, Ltd. (it was transformed into a joint stock company in 1920).
Japanese: 1910年に日立製作所を設立した（1920年に株式会社化）。1912年に久原鉱業所（現ジャパンエナジー）を設立して社長となる。
English: In this way, the Kuhara Zaibatsu was formed with group companies in shipbuilding, fertilizer production, trading and life insurance business.
Japanese: こうして、造船業、肥料生産、商社、生命保険を傘下とする久原財閥を形成する。
English: However, it became difficult to continue the business in its original form due to too rapid expansion, and Kuhara Mining, which was a core industry, was transferred to Yoshisuke AYUKAWA, his brother-in-law, in the end of Taisho period.
Japanese: しかし、短兵急に事業を拡大したために無理が災し、大正末期に中核だった久原鉱業を義兄の鮎川義介に譲渡する。
English: He insisted on advancing to the Chinese Continent and strongly believed "I am a superman who established millions of wealth on my own.."
Japanese: 中国大陸進出を主張し、「一代で巨万の富を築いた自分は超人である」と固く信じた。
English: Moreover, he believed that Japanese political parties should be united and he, the super man, should be the head of the party for the best of the Japanese future.
Japanese: 又、日本の政党を一つにし、超人である自分がその政党を率いることが日本にとって最善だと考えた。
English: Then, claiming themselves as "orthodox Rikken Seiyukai" (Kuhara Group), he confronted the reformists (Nakajima Group) headed by Chikuhei Nakajima.
Japanese: すると「立憲政友会正統派」（久原派）と称して、中島知久平が率いる革新派（中島派）に対抗した。
English: He married twice (his first wife was Kiyo, younger sister of Yoshisuke AYUKAWA) and had 13 children, three sons and ten daughters, including concubine's children.
Japanese: 2回結婚しており（最初の妻が鮎川義介の妹・キヨ）、妾腹の子を含めると3男10女計13人の子に恵まれた。
English: His first, third and fourth daughter married former chairman of House of Representatives, Mitsujiro ISHII, Shigenobu OKUMA's grand son, Nobuyuki OKUMA and former president of Tokyu Corporation, Noboru GOTO, respectively.
Japanese: 長女は元衆議院議長・石井光次郎に、三女は大隈重信の孫・大隈信幸に、四女は元東京急行電鉄社長・五島昇に嫁いだ。
English: On January 29, 1965, he died at his own residence (currently Happo-en) in Shirokane (Minato Ward, Tokyo).
Japanese: 1965年1月29日、白金(東京都港区)の自邸（現・八芳園）で死去した。
English: Takehachiro KAZURAYAMA (Year of birth unknown - October 6, 1864) was a corporal of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
Japanese: 葛山武八郎（かづらやまたけはちろう、生年不詳-元治元年9月6日(旧暦)（1864年10月6日））は、新選組伍長。
English: In the Ikedaya Incident, as he performed bravely, he was given a financial incentive of 17-ryo (old currency unit) by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) (Kyoto shugo [military governor of Kyoto] Katamori MATSUDAIRA).
Japanese: 池田屋事件の際に果敢に働き、不逞浪士取締り活動の報奨金17両を江戸幕府（京都守護職松平容保）より拝領した。
English: The Commander of Shinsengumi, Shinpachi NAGAKURA and other members, such as Sanosuke HARADA, Hajime SAITO, Corporal Kai SHIMADA, Shoshi shirabeyaku (Shinsengumi's organizational post for investigating movements of the opponents) Masajiro OZEKI, and Kazurayama, who was also a corporal, elaborated a petition of five articles concerning the immoral and self-concentrated conduct of the Head of Shinsengumi, Isami KONDO and forwarded it to the Aizu Domain, insisting that they were not Kondo's retainers.
Japanese: また、局長近藤勇の家臣ではないとして、近藤の非行・増長を5箇条に纏めた建白書を隊長の永倉新八、原田左之助、斉藤一、伍長の島田魁、葛山、諸士調役の尾関雅次郎らが綴り会津藩に提出。
English: After that, they were reconciled with Kondo, thanks to Katamori's mediation, however, Kazurayama committed seppuku (suicide by disembowelment).
Japanese: その後、容保の取り計らいにより近藤との和解となったが、葛山は切腹をした。
English: According to one theory, Kazurayama made a strong protest against the conciliation so tenaciously that he finally died of indignation, but according to the other theory, in order to show an example to the revolt, the leaders of the force, who did not pick up Shimada nor Ozeki because both of whom were younger and obedient to their seniors, deliberately chose Kazurayama, who was hot-blooded and fearless even in front of the leaders, to silence him and close the case, putting all the responsibility upon him.
Japanese: 葛山が、最後まで頑強に抗議したための憤死とも、反発への見せしめのために3人の軽輩者の内、年長者で従順な島田や、尾関ではなく、血の気の多く首脳陣に怖じない葛山に責任を負わせて手打ちにしたともいわれている。
English: In the plot of a period TV drama called 'Shinsengumi!,' Keisuke YAMANAMI took him in when he was a masterless samurai, but Yamanami ordered Kazurayama to commit seppuku when the latter was accused of having written a petition calling for Shinpachi NAGAKURA's resignation from the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 新選組!では、近江国の浪人だった所を山南敬助に拾われるが、山南の命令で永倉新八の新選組脱退の望書を書いたとして、切腹させられる。
English: Sutesuke MATSUMOTO (May 29, 1845 - April 6, 1918) was a member of Hachiban-gumi Tai (eighth platoon) of the Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late Tokugawa shogunate period).
Japanese: 松本捨助（まつもとすてすけ、弘化2年4月24日(旧暦)（1845年5月29日）-大正7年（1918年）4月6日）は、新選組の八番組隊士。
English: He is the first son of Tomohachi MATSUMOTO, the nanushi (village headman) of Honshuku Village, Tama Country, Musashi Province (present Honshuku, Fuchu City, Tokyo).
Japanese: 武蔵国多摩郡本宿村（現・東京都府中市(東京都)本宿）の名主の松本友八の長男。
English: He learned swordplay in Tennenrishin-ryu school at Kondo Dojo training hall, and he wanted to join Mibu-Roshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group) which was established in January 1863, but he gave up because of his family's objection.
Japanese: 近藤道場で天然理心流を学び、1863年1月に結成された浪士組にも参加を望むが、家族の反対があり、断念。
English: Afterwards, he went up to Kyoto and in December 1863, he was rejected the enlistment of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto at the end of Tokugawa Shogunate), the predecessor of which was Mibu-Roshigumi, even though he asked for it anxiously.
Japanese: その後上洛し、文久3年(1863年)11月、壬生浪士組から名を改めた新選組に入隊を懇願するも断られている。
English: Even afterwards, he did not give up to persuade his parents, and it was in 1867 when he finally achieved to join the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: その後も入隊を諦めず親を説得し、結局、新選組に入隊したのは慶応3年(1867年)になってからである。
English: In 1889, when the nephew of Toshizo HIJIKATA, Toshinobu SATO was excused from lese majesty, Sutesuke also went to meet him.
Japanese: 明治22年(1889年)、土方歳三の甥・佐藤俊宣が不敬罪を免じられて釈放された時に、捨助も迎えに行っている。
English: In Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)'s period drama "Shinsengumi!," Sutesuke TAKIMOTO performed by Shido NAKAMURA (the second), a personality modeled on Matsumoto, played an active part.
Japanese: 日本放送協会の大河ドラマ・『新選組!』では、松本をモデルとした、中村獅童(2代目)演じる滝本捨助が活躍。
English: In the TV drama based on the historical fiction, "Moeyo Ken" (The Blazing Sword aka Turbulence) by Ryotaro SHIBA, a personality appeared with the identical name based on the historical fact as Sutesuke (performed by Shigeru INOUE).
Japanese: なお、司馬遼太郎原作の歴史小説「燃えよ剣」のテレビドラマ版では、史実と同じく松本捨助として登場した（演じたのは井上茂）。
English: (Broadcasted in 1970, Production: Nihon Educational Television, Ltd. (present: TV Asahi Corporation), Toei Kyoto TV Production)
Japanese: （1970年放送。製作：日本教育テレビ(現：テレビ朝日)、東映京都テレビプロ）
English: In the end, he drowned himself in the sea with Sukemori and his cousin TAIRA no Yukimori, hand in hand, in the Battle of Dannoura.
Japanese: 最後は壇ノ浦の戦いにおいて、資盛、従兄弟の平行盛と三名で手を取り合い、海中に身を投じた。
English: In the Amami Islands, there is folklore of fleeing Heike warriors saying that Sukemori, Yukimori and Arimori fled to the islands.
Japanese: 奄美諸島には資盛、行盛、有盛が落ち延びたという平家の落人伝説がある。
English: Yukimori-jinja Shrine, Arimori-jinja Shrine and Ochon-jinja Shrine are dedicated to Yukimori, Arimori and Sukemori respectively, all of which are designated as Important intangible folk cultural assets.
Japanese: 行盛神社、有盛神社、資盛の大屯神社が祀られ、重要無形民族文化財に指定されている。
English: Dokyo (circa 700 - May 13, 772) was a Buddhist monk of the Hossoshu sect of Buddhism (Japanese equivalent of the Chinese Faxiang sect), who lived in the Nara Period.
Japanese: 道鏡（どうきょう、文武天皇4年（700年）?-宝亀3年4月7日(旧暦)（772年5月13日））は、奈良時代の法相宗の僧。
English: As Dokyo's secular family name was YUGE no Muraji (one of the ancient Japanese titles), he was also called UGE no Dokyo.
Japanese: 俗姓が弓削連であることから、弓削道鏡（ゆげのどうきょう）とも呼ばれる。
English: With his powerful incantation and prayer, Dokyo sought to ingratiate himself with the imperial house, seized power and interfered in politics, thereby often being compared to 'Mad Monk' Grigori Rasputin who lived in the last years of the Russian Empire.
Japanese: 祈祷の力をもって王家に取り入って権力を握り、政治に容喙したことから、よくロシア帝国末期の怪僧グリゴリー・ラスプーチンと対比される。