nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Nevertheless, it is a fact that in the provinces less than one in a thousand will know well about the Ritsuryo codes.'
Japanese: しかし、田舎では律令の法に通じている者など万人に一人もいないのが実情である。
English: Punishing people by applying Ritsuryo codes to them, even under such circumstances, is almost like setting traps for animals.'
Japanese: こんな状態なのに律令の規定を適用して処罰したりするのは、まるで獣を罠にかけるようなものだ。
English: Instead, this "shikimoku" is a law that has been created for the local warriors who cannot read Chinese characters, and this shikimoku is based on the very common reason called "dori" for the native residents to be able to live in peace by respecting honesty in people's minds and eliminating dishonesty, as followers who are loyal to their master and children who are dutiful to their parents.'
Japanese: この『式目』は漢字も知らぬこうした地方武士のために作られた法律であり、従者は主人に忠を尽くし、子は親に孝をつくすように、人の心の正直を尊び、曲がったのを捨てて、土民が安心して暮らせるように、というごく平凡な『道理』に基づいたものなのだ。」
English: "Goseibai-shikimoku" was the first legal code for the warriors as well as an epoch-makingl one in the history of laws in Japan.
Japanese: 『御成敗式目』は日本における最初の武家法典であり、日本の法の歴史上画期的なものとなった。
English: In 1235, when Iwashimizu-Hachimangu shrine and Kofuku-ji temples had a dispute and Enryaku-ji Temple at Mt. Hiei became involved in the dispute, which caused the occurrence of a large-scale temple dispute, Yasutoki suppressed the temples' power by invoking the power of state.
Japanese: 嘉禎元年（1235年）、石清水宮と興福寺が争い、これに比叡山延暦寺も巻き込んだ大規模な寺社争いが起こると、強権を発して寺社勢力を押さえつけた。
English: The prevalence of monk soldiers, including those of the Kofuku-ji and Enryaku-ji temples, was a problem by which the Imperial Court had, since the period of rule by retired emperors, experienced difficulty in taking measures against them; however, a policy was employed by which the Bakufu could fully undertake the matter and firmly suppress the unreasonable demands of the monk soldiers through use of force.
Japanese: 興福寺、延暦寺をはじめとする僧兵の跳梁は、院政期以来朝廷が対策に苦しんだところであったが、幕府が全面に乗り出して僧兵の不当な要求には断固武力で鎮圧するという方針がとられた。
English: Because Emperor Shijo had died in 1242, a prince of Emperor Juntoku, Chuseio, was to be enthroned as the new Emperor; however, Yasutoki strongly objected to this because the father, the Emperor Juntoku, had been a leader in the Jokyu War, and Yasutoki took an attitude that he would compel Chuseio to abdicate if his enthronement was realized; therefore, Yasutoki forcibly enthroned the new Emperor Gosaga against the complaints and opposition of the court nobles.
Japanese: 仁治3年（1242年）に四条天皇が崩御したため、順徳天皇の皇子・忠成王が新たな天皇として擁立されようとしていたが、泰時は父の順徳天皇がかつて承久の乱を主導した首謀者の一人であることからこれに強く反対し、忠成王即位が実現するならば退位を強行させるという態度をとり、貴族達の不満と反対を押し切って後嵯峨天皇を新たな天皇として即位させた。
English: Sadamichi TSUCHIMIKADO, who was a maternal uncle of the new Emperor, had married Yasutoki's younger sister, and therefore Yasutoki started to infiltrate the Imperial Court through Sadamichi.
Japanese: 新天皇の外戚（叔父）である土御門定通は泰時の妹を妻としていたため、以後泰時は定通を通じて朝廷内部にも勢力を浸透させていくことになる。
English: Yasutoki, who had been sick with excessive fatigue since the occurrence of the dispute of imperial enthronement, became more sick due to dysentery accompaning the fatigue; subsequently, he became a Buddhist priest and had the priestly name Kana; he died one-and-a-half months later on July 21, 1242.
Japanese: 朝廷の天皇問題の頃から過労が原因で倒れていた泰時は、赤痢を併発させて体調が悪化したため、出家して観阿と号し、1ヶ月半後の仁治3年（1242年）6月15日に死去した。
English: The ruling of the retired emperors Goshirakawa and Gotoba had been influential over the bakufu before the Jokyu War, and the bakufu then took the position of supporting the interests of the gokenin and opposing the old power; however, after the war the actual function of the ruling of the retired emperors was lost, and the bakufu was established as the authority to mediate the confrontation between the old power of the court nobles, temples, and shrines, and the power of stewards in charge of lords' manors and gokenin, being based on the balance of the two sides.
Japanese: 後白河天皇、後鳥羽天皇院政が強力であった承久の乱以前の幕府は御家人の権益を擁護して旧勢力と対抗する立場あったが、院政の実質的機能が失われた乱以降は、幕府は貴族・寺社等の旧勢力と、地頭・御家人勢力との均衡の上に立って、両者の対立を調停する権力として固定した。
English: Yasutoki succeeded to the great performance of his father Yoshitoki; he set the Hojo regent system on its way, and therefore Yasutoki was praised as a great regent.
Japanese: 父義時の偉業を継いで北条執権体制を軌道に乗せた泰時は、名執権と称えられる。
English: Yasutoki tends to be positively evaluated due to the fact that he had excellent personality and was trusted by both the warriors and court nobles.
Japanese: 泰時は人格的にも優れ、武家や公家の双方からの人望が厚かったと肯定的評価をされる傾向にある。
English: In the same period, people including the Imperial Advisor Tsunemitsu HIROHASHI adored Yasutoki, comparing him to the saints of ancient China.
Japanese: 同時代では、参議・広橋経光などが古代中国の聖人君子に例えて賞賛している。
English: Many stories have been handed down to represent his excellent personality, which supports the opinion that the politics of Yasutoki realized the ideal of the warriors living in those days in Kamakura, which was simplicity and fortitude.
Japanese: 泰時の政治は当時の鎌倉武士の質実剛健な理想を体現するとされ、彼のすぐれた人格を示すエピソードは多く伝えられる。
English: A book, Sasekishu, evaluated Yasutoki as follows: 'Yasutoki is a real wise man. He feels people's grief as his own, and he is a person who is like everybody's parent'; it described Yasutoki as one who, repeats 'reason, reason' in trials and is deeply moved even the point of tears, saying, 'There is nothing more interesting than reason,' when he listens to a reasonable episode.
Japanese: 沙石集は泰時を「まことの賢人である。民の嘆きを自分の嘆きとし、万人の父母のような人である」と評し、裁判の際には「道理、道理」と繰り返し、道理に適った話を聞けば「道理ほどに面白きものはない」と言って感動して涙まで流すと伝えている
English: However, his father did not give him the territory but, for an unknown reason, gave it to his younger brother, and therefore a confrontation occurred between the brothers and a trial for this was held under the supervision of Yasutoki.
Japanese: しかし父は彼に所領を与えず、どういったわけか全て彼の弟に与えてしまったため、兄弟の間で争論があり、泰時の下で裁判となった。
English: However, the younger brother had completed the formal procedure and was apparently in an advantageous position in light of the legal code 'Goseibai-shikimoku'.
Japanese: しかし、弟は正式の手続きを経ており、御成敗式目に照らすと弟が明らかに有利である。
English: Though Yasutoki felt deep sympathy for the elder brother, Yasutoki had to decide on this case that the younger brother won.
Japanese: 泰時は兄に深い同情を寄せながらも弟に勝訴の判決を下さざるを得なかった。
English: Because Yasutoki could not help but feel pity for the elder brother, he was kind to him and support him in his daily life.
Japanese: 泰時は兄が不憫でならなかったので、目をかけて衣食の世話をしてやった。
English: One day, a piece of land that lacked a lord was found in Kyushu, and therefore Yasutoki gave this land to the elder brother.
Japanese: ある時、九州に領主の欠けた土地が見つかったので、泰時はこれを兄に与えた。
English: The elder brother thanked Yasutoki, saying, 'Because I have made may wife feel miserable this couple of years, I would like to let her eat enough and take good care of her with the given territory.'
Japanese: 兄は「この2,3年妻にわびしい思いばかりさせておりますので、拝領地で食事も十分に食べさせ、いたわってやりたいと思います」と感謝を述べた。
English: Yasutoki also gave him a horse for travel and a saddle for it, saying, 'When men have established their social positions, many a man will forget the wife with whom he lived in hard times. Your philosophy is truly great.'
Japanese: 泰時は「立身すると苦しい時の妻を忘れてしまう人が世の中には多い。あなたのお考えは実に立派だ」と言って旅用の馬や鞍の世話もしてやった。
English: In a confrontation occurred between a certain steward in charge of a lord's manor and a family in the territory, the steward said 'I have lost' immediately after listening to the opinion of the family.
Japanese: ある地頭と領家が争論した時、領家の言い分を聞いた地頭は直ちに「負けました」と言った。
English: Yasutoki was deeply moved and, with tears in his eyes, said, 'He is a good loser indeed. Even in what appears to be a lost cause, people usually make excuses. But you have admitted that you lost. Your attitude is truly great, and you are an honest person. I have supervised trials for a long time as the regent, but I have never experienced such pleasantness as this.'
Japanese: 泰時は「見事な負けっぷりだ。明らかな敗訴でも言い訳をするのが普通なのに、自分で敗訴を認めた貴殿は実に立派で正直な人だ。執権として長い間裁判をやってきたが、こんなに嬉しい事は初めてだ」と言って涙ぐんで感動した
English: When he served Yoriie MINAMOTO at the age of 19, Yasutoki gave advice to Yoriie, worrying that Yoriie was absorbed in a ball-kicking sport 'Kemari' and did not care for bakufu politics.
Japanese: 源頼家に仕えていた19歳の頃、頼家が蹴鞠に凝って幕政を顧みないことを憂いて諫言したことがある。
English: There remains a story that, during the large-scale famine in the Kanki era, Yasutoki saved a large number of people by exempting farmers from taxes and supplying rice to farmers in severely affected areas.
Japanese: 寛喜の大飢饉の際、被害の激しかった地域の百姓に関しては税を免除したり、米を支給して多くの民衆を救ったという逸話がある。
English: In this case Yasutoki prioritized simplicity, taking the people into account; he prohibited extravagance by avoiding having newly made tatami mats, costumes, eboshi hats, etc., stopped using lights at night, and canceled parties and sightseeing.
Japanese: この際には民衆を慮って質素を尊び、畳、衣装、烏帽子などの新調を避け、夜は燈火を用いず、酒宴や遊覧を取りやめるなど贅沢を禁止した。
English: Because Yasutoki honestly conducted his duties as above, he was popular among the court nobles and the general public; thus there is an anecdote that travelers who took a break under a willow tree planted by Yasutoki thanked him.
Japanese: このように誠実に仕事をこなしたため公家や民衆からも評判がよく、泰時が植えた柳の日陰で休む旅人が泰時に感謝する逸話もある。
English: Nevertheless, people such as Tsunekane KONOE had a grudge against Yasutoki for having taken strict measures against the Imperial Court after the Jokyu War, and criticized Yasutoki unfairly by comparing Yasutoki to Kiyomori TAIRA in the late Heian period.
Japanese: しかし一方で近衛経兼などは承久の乱後の朝廷に対する厳正な措置を恨み平安時代後期の平清盛にかさねて悪評を下している。
English: The adverse impression held by some of the court nobles might have been reflected in general society, with some people talking about the curse of the Retired Emperor Gotoba after Yasutoki's death.
Japanese: このような公家の一部の悪感情を反映してか泰時の死に際しては後鳥羽上皇の祟りを噂するものもいた。
English: After the collapse of the Kamakura bakufu, the evaluation on the Hojo family was discussed mainly in regard to the logic of justification for the treatment of the Imperial Family by the Hojo family, and people including Takatoki HOJO were criticized as foolish ruler; however, Yasutoki tended to be praised for his benevolent administration.
Japanese: 鎌倉幕府滅亡後、北条氏に対する評価は皇室に対する処遇を巡る大義名分論を中心に行われ、北条高時などが暗君として評価されているが、泰時は徳政を讃えられる傾向にある。
English: In the Northern and Southern Court period, Chikafusa KITABATAKE of the Yoshino Imperial Court positively evaluated Yasutoki in a book containing a record of the legitimate succession of the divine emperors entitled "Jinno-shotoki", and in the Edo period, even Hakuseki ARAI, who criticized the tyranny of the warriors, positively evaluated Yasutoki.
Japanese: 南北朝時代(日本)には吉野朝廷方の北畠親房が『神皇正統記』において、江戸時代には武家の専横を批判する新井白石も肯定的評価をしている。
English: Nevertheless, scholars of Japanese classical culture such as Norinaga MOTOORI and Raisanyo began to criticize Yasutoki in promoting the study of Japanese classical culture in the Edo period.
Japanese: 一方で、江戸期の国学振興においては本居宣長や頼山陽などの国学者が泰時を批判するようにもなった。
English: "Azuma-kagami", a book compiled in a later period by the Hojo family of the Kamakura bakufu, included many heroic tales concerning Yasutoki; however, the intentions are obvious in some of these tales, which seem to attribute the episodes of other people (see Public Hornoring of Tokuso family in "Azuma-kagami").
Japanese: また鎌倉幕府北条氏による後世の編纂書『吾妻鏡』には、泰時に関する美談が数多く記されているが、中には他人のエピソードを流用している作為も見られる（吾妻鏡得宗家の顕彰参照）。
English: Nobutora was born on February 20, 1494, as the heir of Nobutsuna, the 17th head of the family of Takeda clan.
Japanese: 明応3年（1494年）1月6日、武田氏の第17代当主・信縄の嫡男として生まれる。
English: He became the family head at the age of 14 in 1507 due to the death of his father, he exterminated Nobushige TAKEDA, his uncle who was against, in the Battle of Bomine (Fuefuki City, Yamanashi Prefecture and former Sakaigawa-mura, Higashiyachiyo County).
Japanese: 永正4年（1507年）、父の病死により14歳で家督を継ぐと、永正5年（1508年）には対立していた叔父の武田信恵を坊峰合戦（笛吹市、旧東八代郡境川村）で滅ぼした。
English: In 1510, Nobutora conquered and gained control of the Oyamada clan, who had power over the Gunnai region in the eastern Kai Province.
Japanese: 永正7年（1510年）には甲斐東部の郡内地方に勢力を誇っていた小山田氏を征圧した。
English: Nobutora conciliated with the Oyamada clan by having his sister marry Nobuari OYAMADA (Ecchu no kami [Governor of Ecchu Province]), and allocated Katsunuma which was closer to Gunnai to his younger brother Nobutomo.
Japanese: 小山田信有(越中守)に実妹を嫁がせて講和し、郡内へ近い勝沼には実弟信友を配した。
English: During the period from 1515 to 1517, he made a war against the Oi clan, the kokujin ryoshu (local samurai lord) in the western county who was supported by the Imagawa clan of Suruga Province at his base, the Ueno-jo Castle (Minami-Alps City, former Kushigata-machi, Nakakoma County) (the Battle of Oi).
Japanese: 永正12年（1515年）から永正14年にかけて駿河国の今川氏に支援された西郡の国人領主大井氏の本拠上野城（南アルプス市、旧中巨摩郡櫛形町）を攻めた（大井合戦）。
English: Nobutora temporarily made peace with the Imagawa clan in 1517, and in 1520 allied with the Oi clan that he had conquered, and welcomed the daughter of Nobusato OI as his legal wife.
Japanese: 永正14年（1517年）には一時今川氏と和睦し、永正17年（1520年）には征圧した大井氏と同盟して大井信達の娘を室に迎える。
English: In 1519, he moved to Kofu located in the west of Isawa (Fuefuki City, former Isawa-cho), where successive generations of the Takeda clan had their residence.
Japanese: また、永正16年（1519年）にはそれまでの武田氏歴代の居館であった石和（笛吹市、旧石和町）より西の甲府へ移った。
English: First they resided in Kawata, and then constructed the Tsutsujigasaki-yakata (Tsutsujigasaki Mansion) in Fuchu (present Kofuchu, Kofu City) and developed a castle town (Takeda castle town), and gathered his vassals to live there ("Kohakusaiki" [a recorded diary on the history of the Sengoku period supposedly written by Masatake KOMAI]).
Japanese: はじめ川田に館を置き、のちに府中（現在の甲府市古府中）に躑躅ヶ崎館を築き城下町（武田城下町）を整備し、家臣を集住させた（『高白斎記』）。
English: In 1521, the force of the Imagawa clan lead by Masashige KUSHIMA, the lord of Hijikata-jo Castle which was governed by the Imagawa clan of Suruga Province, invaded in the western county alongside of the Fuji-gawa River and approached near Kofu, Nobutora backed off to the Yogaiyama-jo Castle in the north east of his residence in Kofu, and defeated the Imagawa at the Battle of Iidakawara (Iida-cho, Kofu City) and the Battle of Kamijokawara (Kai City, former Shikishima-machi, Nakakoma County).
Japanese: 大永元年（1521年）には駿河の今川氏配下の土方城主福島正成を主体とする今川勢が富士川沿いに西郡まで侵攻し甲府へ迫ると、甲府館北東の要害山城へ退き、今川勢を飯田河原合戦（甲府市飯田町）、上条河原合戦（甲斐市、旧中巨摩郡敷島町）で撃退する。
English: During this period, his heir Shingen TAKEDA was born at the Yogaiyama-jo Castle("Kohakusaiki" and "Odaiki" [Dynastic Record]).
Japanese: この最中に、要害城では嫡男武田信玄が産まれている（『高白斎記』・『王代記』）。
English: During the Daiei era (1521-1528) the battles against external forces became severer and in 1524, Nobutora joined the battle between the both Uesugi clans and the emerging power of the Hojo clan in the Kanto region and fought against the Hojo force around the border of Sagami Province and Kai Province in Tsuru County.
Japanese: 大永年間には対外勢力との抗争が本格化し、大永4年（1524年）には、関東における両上杉氏と新興勢力の北条氏の争いに介入し、都留郡の甲相国境付近では相模国境で北条勢と争った。
English: Although he beat the force lead by Ujitsuna HOJO at the Nashinokidaira in 1526, the battle against the Hojo clan went back and forth at each other.
Japanese: 大永6年には梨の木平で北条氏綱勢を破っているが、以後も北条方との争いは一進一退を繰り返した。
English: In 1528 he started the Siege of Suwa in Shinano Province, but lost against Yorimitsu SUWA and Yoritaka SUWA at the Battle of Godo and Sakaigawa (Fujimi-cho, Suwa County).
Japanese: 翌享禄元年（1528年）に信濃諏訪攻めを行うが、神戸・堺川合戦（諏訪郡富士見町）で諏訪頼満・頼隆に敗退する。
English: Although Kai kokujin (local samurai in Kai Province) Hyogo KURIHARA and Toramasa OBU raised in revolt supported by the Suwa clan in 1531, Nobutora defeated the Owari no kami (the governor of Owari Province) Nobunari IMAI and others and in April the same year, defeated the allied local samurai at the Battle of Kawaharabe (Nirasaki City).
Japanese: 享禄4年（1531年）には諏訪氏の後援を得て甲斐国人栗原兵庫・飯富虎昌らが反旗するが、信虎は今井信業・尾張守らを撃破し、同年4月には河原部合戦（韮崎市）で国人連合を撃破した。
English: In 1530, Nobutora welcomed dowager of Norifusa UESUGI as his concubine arranged by Tomooki UESUGI.
Japanese: また、享禄3年（1530年）には上杉朝興の斡旋で上杉憲房の後室を側室とする。
English: In 1535, he started attacking Imagawa and a battle occurred at the border of Manzawa (Tomizawa-cho, Minamikoma County), the Hojo clan who had a matrimonial relation with the Imagawa clan invaded Yamanaka (Yamanakako-mura, Minamitsuru County) via Kagosaka-toge Pass and defeated the Oyamada clan and the Katsunuma clan.
Japanese: 天文(元号)4年（1535年）には今川攻めを行い、国境の万沢（南巨摩郡富沢町）で合戦が行われると、今川と姻戚関係のある北条氏が籠坂峠を越え山中（南都留郡山中湖村）へ侵攻され、小山田氏や勝沼氏が敗北している。
English: Due to the fact that Nobutora supported Zentokuji Shoho (later known as Yoshimoto IMAGAWA) at the Hanakura no Ran (Hanakura Rebellion) which occurred after the death of Ujiteru IMAGAWA in Suruga Province in 1536, the relationship with the Imagawa clan took a favorable turn.
Japanese: 翌天文5年には駿河で今川氏輝死後に発生した花倉の乱で善徳寺承芳（のちの今川義元）を支援したことにより今川氏との関係は好転する。
English: In 1537, Nobutora's oldest daughter Jokeiin married Yoshimoto and welcomed the daughter of the court noble Sanjo Family as legal wife of his heir Harunobu, arranged by the Imagawa clan.
Japanese: 天文6年（1537年）には長女・定恵院を義元に嫁がせ、今川氏の仲介により嫡男晴信の室に公家三条家の娘を迎えた。
English: Also, he made peace with the Hojo clan, but the conclusion of the Kosun Alliance triggered the failure of the Sunso Alliance (an alliance between the Imagawa clan in Suruga Province and the Hojo clan in Sagami Province), and the Imagawa clan and the Hojo clan were involved in a dispute (the Kato War).
Japanese: さらに北条氏とも和睦するが、甲駿同盟は駿相同盟の破綻を招き、今川と北条は抗争状態となる（河東の乱）。
English: In 1540, Nobutora had Nobumoto IMAI surrender at the Ura-jo Castle (former Sutama-cho, Kitakoma County).
Japanese: 天文9年（1540年）には今井信元を浦城（旧北巨摩郡須玉町）で降伏させる。
English: He made peace with the Suwa clan during the age of Yorishige SUWA (Sengoku period [period of warring states]), the grandson of Yorimitsu SUWA, by having Nene, the third daughter of Nobutora, marry Yorishige.
Japanese: 諏訪氏とは諏訪頼満の孫諏訪頼重(戦国時代)の時代になると和睦し、三女・禰々を頼重に嫁がせて和睦する。
English: He invaded Chiisagata County in 1541 and drove out the Shigeno family at the Battle of Unnotaira aligning with the Suwa clan and Yoshikiyo MURAKAMI.
Japanese: 天文10年（1541年）には小県郡侵攻を行い、諏訪氏や村上義清と連合して海野平の戦いで滋野一族を駆逐している。
English: Later he invaded the Saku County and the Chiisagata County located in the east of Shinano Province and wielded his power over the areas outside of Kai Province.
Japanese: その後は東信濃の佐久郡や小県郡に進出し、甲斐国外にも勢力を拡大した。
English: ON July 17, 1541, Nobutora made a triumphal return from Shinano Province and went to Suruga Province to see his daughter's husband, Yoshimoto IMAGAWA.
Japanese: 天文10年（1541年）6月14日、信虎は信濃から凱旋すると、娘婿の今川義元と会うために駿河に赴いた。
English: However, the Harunobu group which was supported by hereditary vassals including Nobukata ITAGAKI and Torayasu AMARI blocked the Kawauchi-ji Road, his way back, and banished Nobutora to Suruga.
Japanese: しかし板垣信方、甘利虎泰ら譜代家臣の支持を受けた晴信一派によって河内路を遮られ、駿河に追放された。
English: This event was described in "Katsuyamaki" (the chronology of Kai Province) and "Kohakusaiki" and there are several theories regarding the background of it.
Japanese: 事件の経過は『勝山記』『高白斎記』などに拠り、事件の背景には諸説ある。
English: In one theory, it was due to his bad terms with Harunobu: Nobutora disliked his heir Harunobu (Shingen) and was partial to his second son Nobushige TAKEDA, and started to think about disinheritance.
Japanese: 信虎が嫡男の晴信（信玄）を疎んじ次男の武田信繁を偏愛しており、ついには廃嫡を考えるようになったという親子不和説がある。
English: Another theory says that Harunobu was in conspiracy with a senior vassal, or with Yoshimoto IMAGAWA, according to the "Koyo Gunkan" (record of the military exploits of the Takeda family).
Japanese: 晴信と重臣、あるいは『甲陽軍鑑』に拠る今川義元との共謀説などがある。
English: Also, according to the "Katsuyamaki," due to the heavy burdens imposed on farmers and local samurais to secure fighting fund for the repeated wars against other provinces, Nobutora's territory was filled with hatred towards him, and people were pleased when he was banished.
Japanese: また、『勝山記』などによれば、信虎の治世は度重なる外征の軍資金確保のために農民や国人衆に重い負担を課し、怨嗟の声は甲斐国内に渦巻いており、信虎の追放は領民からも歓迎されたという。
English: He went up to Kyoto in 1543 and enjoyed visiting Mt. Koya and sightseeing Nara.
Japanese: 天文12年（1543年）には上洛し、高野山参詣や奈良見物をするなど、きままに楽しんでいる様子がうかがえる。
English: However, his daughter who was the wife of Yoshimoto IMAGAWA passed away in 1550 and Nobutora hesitated to continue living in Suruga, and decided to leave.
Japanese: しかし天文19年（1550年）には今川義元の室になっている娘が他界し、今川家に居づらくなってしまい駿河を出る事になる。
English: It is said that he temporarily lived off Tomonori KITABATAKE of Ise Province, playing a role as a strategist and exterminated pirate ship, but the truth is unknown.
Japanese: 伊勢の北畠具教に一時期寄食し、軍師的な役割をこなして海賊退治をした事もあったと言われるが定かではない。
English: Then, Nobutora went to Kyoto sponsored by Tomonori who was close to the Imperial Court, and lived in Gojo under the patronage of Sanetsuna SANJO, an older brother of Shingen TAKEDA's lawful wife, Sanjo no kata
Japanese: その朝廷と関係の深かった具教の後援を受けて京都に上り、信玄の正室・三条の方の縁故もあって三条実綱（三条の方の兄）の庇護を受けて五条に住んだ。
English: Especially Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA treated Nobutora as a rare person of Zaikyo shugo (constables in Kyoto) in the Sengoku period.
Japanese: 特に足利義輝は、戦国時代になり希有な存在となった在京守護として信虎を遇した。
English: It is also said that Shingen put up the money and sent living expenses to Nobutora.
Japanese: また、信玄も信虎の生活費用などを工面し、送金していたと言われている。
English: In 1565, Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA was killed by Hisahide MATSUNAGA in the Eiroku Incident.
Japanese: 永禄8年（1565年）、永禄の変により足利義輝が松永久秀に討たれる。
English: Nobutora's move at that point is unknown; however, when Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA went up to Kyoto following the order made by Nobunaga ODA, because Nobunaga then had an alliance with the Takeda as well, Nobutora ended up accompanying Yoshiaki.
Japanese: この際の信虎の動向は不明だが、永禄11年（1568年）に足利義昭が織田信長に奉じられて上洛すると、当時の織田信長は武田とも同盟関係にある事から、信虎も義昭に伺候する事となる。
English: At that time, Nobunaga was in a position against the Takeda clan, and therefore Nobutora did not feel comfortable staying around the Kyoto area.
Japanese: またその信長も武田家とは既に敵対関係にあり、京周辺に居場所がなくなる。
English: On April 6, 1574, Nobutora died in Takato of Shinano Province under the patronage of Shinpei NEZU, his daughter's husband in Ina of the same province.
Japanese: 天正2年（1574年）3月5日、伊那の娘婿・禰津神平の庇護のもと、信濃高遠で死去した。
English: However, old retainers who remembered Nobutora's days were so feared that they strongly opposed Katsuyori against Nobutora's return to Kai.
Japanese: しかし、信虎時代を知る老臣たちは慄き、勝頼に信虎の甲斐入りに強く反対したという。
English: In order to avoid unnecessary confusions, Katsuyori accepted those opinions and asked Nobukado, his uncle, to take care of Nobutora.
Japanese: 勝頼も無用の混乱を避けるべく、その意見を受け入れ、叔父・信廉に信虎を預けたと言われる。
English: It is said that Nobutora often forgave not only his opponents but also those who even raised a rebellion against him as long as they surrendered.
Japanese: 敵対した人物は勿論のこと謀反を起こした人物についても降伏すれば許すことが多かったといわれる。
English: However, this may be because Nobutora had a shortage of his vassals during the early years of his ruling so that he could not kill them even though he wanted to.
Japanese: しかし、信虎統治の初期においては人材が不足していたため殺したくても殺せなかったとの見方もある。
English: He was excellent as a tactician, even as good as Nobuhide ODA or Dosan SAITO, who were famous as skillful warriors.
Japanese: 戦術家としては卓越しており、戦上手として知られる織田信秀や斎藤道三と比較しても引けを取らない。
English: Especially when Masashige KUSHIMA, the busho (Japanese military commander) of the Imagawa clan, led a force of 15,000 samurai and invaded in Kai Province in 1522, Nobutora achieved a triumph over the troops by making a surprise attack at the headquarters of army and decapitated Masashige with an army of only less than 2,000 samurai (Fukushima intrusion incident).
Japanese: 特に、大永2年に今川氏の武将福島正成が1万5千を率いて甲斐に侵攻してきたとき、信虎の兵力は2千に満たなかったが、本陣に奇襲を仕掛けて打ち破り正成の首をあげる大勝利を挙げている（福島乱入事件）。
English: This war resembles the Battle of Okehazama in terms of its scale and process, and it is said that Nobunaga ODA developed a strategy for the Battle of Okehazama by referring to this war.
Japanese: この戦いは規模・経過ともに桶狭間の戦いに類似しており、織田信長はこの戦いを手本に桶狭間の作戦を立てたともいわれている。
English: Some of his bad behaviors have been told that he often killed his vassals with a sword who remonstrated with him, or cutting a pregnant woman's belly while alive.
Japanese: 諫言した家臣をたびたび手打ちにする、妊婦の腹を生きたまま裂く等の悪行も伝えられている。
English: It is also said that Nobutora punished many of his senior vassals, including Torasuke NAITO, Torasada BABA, Torakiyo YAMAGATA and Toratoyo KUDO, on the impulse of a moment (Nobutora's son Shingen revived many of these family names once extinguished by Nobutora; Masatoyo NAITO for the Naito clan, Nobuharu BABA for the Baba clan, and Masakage YAMAGATA for the Yamagata clan).
Japanese: 内藤虎資、馬場虎貞、山県虎清、工藤虎豊ら、重臣の数々を一時の感情に任せて成敗したと言われる（信虎に殺されて絶えた名跡の多くを、子の信玄が復活させている。内藤氏→内藤昌豊、馬場氏→馬場信春、山県氏→山県昌景）。