nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Instead of placing world under one flag to extol military might, he divided 65 kingdoms into those of 5 to maintain the prosperity of his descendants.
Japanese: 天下に旗を翻して武名を一世に挙げるよりは、むしろ六十余州を五つに分けてその一つを保ち、栄華を子々孫々まで残せ」というものだったそうである。
English: Motonari said, 'Why didn't you pray that I would become ruler of the world?'
Japanese: それに対して元就は「何故天下の主になれるように願わなかったのだ？」と言った。
English: One cannot even conquer Aki Province if that is what one wishes from the beginning.'
Japanese: 「まして、最初から安芸一国では、安芸一国すら取れずに終わってしまう」。
English: As has been mentioned, however, it was struggle enough to preserve his family honor, let alone to conquer the world as he grew older.
Japanese: しかし上述のように、年を経るにつれて、天下獲りよりも家名の保全に腐心するようになる。
English: The Mori clan in fact governed the Chugoku region by discussing decisions with the kokujin lords.
Japanese: 実際、毛利氏による中国地方統治は、地方国人達との協議に重きを置くものであった。
English: Motonari was concerned about the incompetence of his grandson and heir Terumoto MORI long before his death.
Japanese: 死去するかなり前から、元就は後継者である嫡孫・毛利輝元の器量を心配していた。
English: Yet he was faithfully attended by his second wife, Omi no Okata, a concubine of the Miyoshi clan, and his excellent sons.
Japanese: だが継室の乃美大方や側室の三吉氏、優秀な息子達が常に元就を支え続けたのである。
English: Lyrics from the Itsukushima section of the 'Tetsudo Shoka' (The Second Collection of the Songs of Railways in Sanyo and Kyushu Regions) sing praises of Motonari.
Japanese: 鉄道唱歌（第二集山陽九州篇）では、厳島の箇所において元就を讃える歌詞がある。
English: Many of the poems he composed while alive were included in the posthumously published "Shunkashu (A Collection of Linked Verses by Motonari MORI)" (The Book of Spring Haze).
Japanese: 生前に残した多くの詩が死後出版の『春霞集（毛利元就詠草連歌）』に収録された。
English: His last verse reads as follows 'Gaining new friends, cherry blossoms look happier; today they emit a different scent from yesterday.'
Japanese: 辞世の句は「友を得て　なおぞうれしき　桜花　昨日にかはる　今日のいろ香は」である。
English: As legend has it, Motonari buried a stone monument engraved with 'Hyakuman Isshin" instead of a human sacrifice when he built Yoshida Koriyama Castle.
Japanese: 吉田郡山城の建築行為の際、人柱の替わりに百万一心と彫った石碑を埋めたとされる。
English: There remains a letter in which he later advised his grandson Terumoto MORI to abstain from drinking.
Japanese: 後に孫である毛利輝元に対して酒を控えるようといった内容の書状が残っている。
English: (However, he apparently liked to drink herbal liquor made from herbs and chrysanthemums).
Japanese: （ただし、元就にも薬草や薬用菊を漬けた薬酒を造って飲む嗜好があったとされる）
English: The only misfortune in his otherwise exceptionally fortunate life was the premature death of his heir Terumoto.
Japanese: 類い希な天運に恵まれた彼の生涯の中で、唯一ともいうべき不運は嫡男・隆元の早世であった。
English: After that he often said, 'I want to die now so that I may see Takamoto again.'
Japanese: その後、元就は「早く死んで隆元のところへ行きたい」と口癖のように言うようになったという。
English: Influenced by his foster mother Sugi no Okata, he made a habit of facing the sun and saying a Buddhist prayer every morning.
Japanese: 養母であった杉大方の影響により、毎朝朝日に向かっての念仏を欠かさなかった。
English: Luis FROIS mentions that Motonari believed in the Ikko sect of Buddhism.
Japanese: ルイス・フロイスの記述には、元就自身は一向宗を信仰していたと記されている。
English: Compiled by the Mori family in 1767, their Book of Admonitions includes about 30 lessons by Motonari which originally appeared in his letters.
Japanese: 明和4年（1767）に毛利家で編纂された毛利氏の訓戒集には手紙などに残された元就の小言が30近く羅列されている。
English: A letter of moral precepts, written in 1557, in which he expounded on the solidarity of his three sons, including Takamoto, is 2.85 meters long.
Japanese: また弘治3年（1557年）の隆元ら三兄弟の結束を説いた教訓状の紙幅は2.85メートルにもなる。
English: Thus, many scholars of letters in the Sengoku period such as Kenji YOSHIMOTO and Makoto TATEHANA have commented that 'Motonari's letters are long and repetitive.'
Japanese: 吉本健二、舘鼻誠など戦国の手紙を研究している人物の多くが「元就の手紙は長くてくどい」と言う意味の事を記している理由である。
English: Yoshimoto described his letters as 'those of a preacher who apparently had a difficult life.'
Japanese: 吉本は元就の手紙を「苦労人であったためかもしれないが説教魔となっている」と評した。
English: According to official records, he participated in as many as 200 battles.
Japanese: 元就が生涯に経験した合戦の数は、公式な書類などで判明しているだけでも200以上ある。
English: This is an extraordinary record not only for the Sengoku period of Japan but also within the heroic legends of the world.
Japanese: これは日本の戦国時代のみならず、世界の英雄伝においても稀な記録である。
English: The Battle of Arita-Nakaide - the Battle of Kagamiyama Castle - the Battle of Sato-Kanayama Castle - the Battle of Yoshida Koriyama Castle - the First Battle of Gassan Toda Castle - the Defeat in Funo - the Battle of Oshikibata - the Battle of Itsukushima - the Conquest of Bocho - the Defeat in Oshibara - the Battle of Gorozaka - the Second Battle of Gassan Toda Castle - the Iyo Expedition - the Battle of Tachibana Castle - the Invasion of Yamaguchi by Teruhiro OUCHI - the Battle of Fubeyama
Japanese: 有田中井手の戦い-鏡山城の戦い-佐東銀山城の戦い-吉田郡山城の戦い-月山富田城の戦い第一次月山富田城の戦い-布野崩れ-折敷畑の戦い-厳島の戦い-防長経略-忍原崩れ-降露坂の戦い-月山富田城の戦い第二次月山富田城の戦い-伊予出兵-立花城の戦い-大内輝弘の山口乱入-布部山の戦い
English: Shozan (also known as Zozan) SAKUMA (March 22, 1811 - August 12, 1864) was a Japanese warrior, military strategist, and thinker.
Japanese: 佐久間象山（さくましょうざん（ぞうざん）、1811年3月22日（文化(元号)8年2月28日）-1864年8月12日（元治元年7月11日））は、日本の武士、兵学者・思想家。
English: His was commonly called Shuri, and his real name was Kunitada, later Hiraki, and pseudonym was Shiteki, later Shimei.
Japanese: 通称は修理、諱は国忠（くにただ）、のちに啓（ひらき）、字は子迪（してき）、のちに子明（しめい）と称した。
English: On March 22, 1811, he was born as the first son of Ichigaku SAKUMA, a clansman in Matsushiro Domain in Shinano Province.
Japanese: 文化8年（1811年）2月28日、信濃松代藩士・佐久間一学の長男として生まれる。
English: It is said that his pen name, Shozan, originated from a Zen temple Zozanemyo of the Obaku sect in the neighborhood.
Japanese: 象山の号は近隣の黄檗宗象山恵明（ぞうざんえみょう）禅寺に因んだとされる。
English: The mathematical knowledge he learned in his youth was of great advantage to him in Western studies later.
Japanese: 若年期に数学の素養を深く身に着けたことは、この後の彼の洋学吸収に大きく益した。
English: In 1833, he went to Edo and studied Shushigaku (Neo-Confucianism) under Issai SATO, the leading authority on Confucianism in those days, and became collectively to be known as 'Niketsu' (two masters) with Hokoku YAMADA.
Japanese: 天保4年（1833年）に江戸に出て、当時の儒学の第一人者・佐藤一斎に朱子学を学び、山田方谷と共に「二傑」と称されるに至る。
English: Shozan was basically no more than a 'traditional intellectual' in those days, while he began to recognize the Western countries.
Japanese: ただ、当時の象山は、西洋に対する認識は芽生えつつあったものの、基本的には「伝統的な知識人」であった。
English: In 1839, he ran a private school 'Shozan Shoin' in Edo and taught Confucianism.
Japanese: 天保10年（1839年）には江戸で私塾・「象山書院」を開いているが、ここで象山が教えていたのは儒学だった。
English: In 1842, when Yukitsura SANADA, the lord of Matsushiro Domain, whom Shozan served, was appointed Kaibo gakari (coastal defense) concurrently with Roju (member of shogun's council of elders), circumstances turned 180 degrees for Shozan.
Japanese: ところが天保13年（1842年）、象山が仕える松代藩主真田幸貫が老中兼任で海防掛に任ぜられて以降、状況が一変する。
English: The lord Yukitsura singled out Shozan to be the person in charge of Western studies, and Shozan began studying military science under Hidetatsu (also known as Tarozaemon) EGAWA.
Japanese: 藩主・幸貫から洋学研究の担当者として白羽の矢を立てられ、象山は江川英龍（太郎左衛門）の下で、兵学を学ぶことになる。
English: Gentle and thoughtful Egawa seemed to dislike Shozan, but Shozan managed to learn military science from Egawa and wrote and submitted 'Kaibo Hassaku' (eight measures for naval defense) to the lord Yukitsura and was highly estimated.
Japanese: 温厚で思慮深い江川は象山のことを嫌っていたようだが、ともかくも象山は江川の下で兵学の素養を身につけることに成功し、藩主・幸貫に「海防八策」を献上し高い評価を受けた。
English: Shozan did great service as he succeeded in casting a cannon by absorbing techniques from Egawa and Shuhan TAKASHIMA.
Japanese: また、江川や高島秋帆の技術を取り入れつつ大砲の鋳造に成功し、その名をより高めた。
English: Thereafter, Shozan took a great interest in Western studies as well as military science.
Japanese: これ以降、象山は兵学のみならず、西洋の学問そのものに大きな関心を寄せるようになる。
English: He succeeded in making glass, inventing an earthquake prediction device, and furthermore, he planned to introduce vaccination for Cowpox virus.
Japanese: ガラスの製造や地震予知器の開発に成功し、更には牛痘種の導入も企図していた。
English: When Mathew Perry's Ships entered the harbor of Uraga in 1853, Shozan went to Uraga for inspection.
Japanese: 嘉永6年（1853年）にマシュー・ペリーが浦賀に来航した時も、象山は視察として浦賀の地を訪れている。
English: When Perry's squadron arrived again in 1854, his disciple Shoin YOSHIDA attempted to stow away and failed.
Japanese: しかし嘉永7年（1854年）、再び来航したペリーの艦隊に門弟の吉田松陰が密航を企て、失敗するという事件が起こる。
English: Shozan was implicated in the incident and incarcerated in Tenmacho prison, and besides, he was placed under house arrest in Matsushiro after the imprisonment until 1862.
Japanese: 象山も事件に連座して伝馬町に入獄する羽目になり、更にその後は文久2年（1862年）まで、松代での蟄居を余儀なくされる。
English: In 1864, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA invited him to Kyoto where he taught Yoshinobu Kobugatai-ron (theory of reconciliation between the Imperial court and the shogunate) and Kaikoku-ron (theory of opening of a country to the world).
Japanese: 元治元年（1864年）、象山は徳川慶喜に招かれて入洛し、慶喜に公武合体論と開国論を説いた。
English: Going to Kyoto, which in those days was the place where most of the Imperialists under the slogan of 'Sonno Joi ha' (supporters of the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians) hid themselves, was dangerous for Shozan, who gave the impression of being a 'Westernized' person in those days, (he even walked in Kyoto without any attendants).
Japanese: しかし当時の京都は尊皇攘夷派の志士の潜伏拠点となっており、「西洋かぶれ」という印象を持たれていた象山には危険な行動であった（しかも京都の街を移動する時に供も連れなかった）。
English: On September 11, he was assassinated by Iemon MAEDA and Gensai KAWAKAMI.
Japanese: 7月11日、三条木屋町で前田伊右衛門、河上彦斎等の手にかかり暗殺される。
English: Some people say that largely because of his personality, he has not been well-evaluated in spite of his various achievements.
Japanese: 数々の業績を残したにも関わらず現在に至るまで象山の評価が低いのも、彼の性格の由来するところが大きいと言う人もいる。
English: That can be seen from the story of Gensai KAWAKAMI., who killed Shozan with his sword but due to the shock he received at learning Shozan's personal history, never assassinated again.
Japanese: 彼を斬殺した河上彦斎が、後に象山の事歴を知って愕然とし、以後暗殺をやめてしまったという逸話からも、そのことを窺い知ることが出来る。
English: Moreover, his disciples include not only the above-mentioned Yoshida but also Torasaburo KOBAYASHI, Kaishu KATSU, Tsugunosuke KAWAI, Ryoma SAKAMOTO, Sanai HASHIMOTO, and Hiroyuki KATO, all of whom led Japan in later days; that shows, in fact, that Shozan had a great influence on the upheaval of Japan during the end of Edo period.
Japanese: 更に彼の門弟には前述の吉田をはじめ、小林虎三郎や勝海舟、河井継之助、坂本龍馬、橋本左内、加藤弘之など、後の日本を担う人物が多数おり、幕末の動乱期に多大な影響を与えたことも事実である。
English: Shozan considered himself to be 'the property of Japan,' so he asked to Ryoma SAKAMOTO, "Introduce me to a woman with large buttocks who can give birth to a lot of children because my child by blood is destined to achieve great things."
Japanese: 自らを「国家の財産」と自認しており、坂本龍馬に「僕の血を継いだ子供は必ず大成する。そのため、僕の子供をたくさん生めるような、大きな尻の女性を紹介してほしい」と頼んだこともある。
English: But his son Keinosuke MIURA had dubious morals the same as his father, and deserted the Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto at the end of Edo period) instead of achieving great things.
Japanese: しかし彼の息子・三浦啓之助も象山同様素行が悪く、大成するどころか新選組を脱走する事態を招く。
English: Whether it was true or not, it is said that Shozan was the only Japanese Mathew Perry bowed to.
Japanese: 真実かどうかは定かではないが、マシュー・ペリーが唯一頭を下げた日本人であるとされる。
English: Although Kaishu KATSU became an older step-brother of Shozan through the marriage of Kaishu's younger sister and Shozan in 1852, Kaishu did not greatly appreciated Shozan as Shozan was arrogant.
Japanese: 勝海舟の妹の順が嘉永5年（1852年）に象山に嫁いだので義兄となったが、傲慢な象山をあまり高く評価していない。
English: According to Hikawa SEIWA, Kaishu disparaged Shozan such as 'He was just as people said he was, a very thoughtless and restless man, but he was helped by the age he lived in.'
Japanese: 氷川清話によると、「あれはあれだけの男で、ずいぶん軽はずみの、ちょこちょこした男だった。が、時勢に駆られて｣云々とけなしている。
English: According to "Edo-jidai no Kinji Monogatari" (the Tales of Koto [a traditional Japanese string instrument] Players in the Edo Period) written by Shigeo KISHIBE, Shozan played the kokin (seven-string koto) and the koto for pleasure.
Japanese: 岸辺成雄著『江戸時代の琴士物語』によれば、古琴や琴も好んで奏でていたという。
English: He carried out a military exercise of cannon shooting in 1851, but the barrel of a cannon exploded and he was laughed at.
Japanese: 嘉永4年（1851年）に江戸で大砲の演習を行ったが、砲身が爆発して周囲から大笑いされた。
English: Yet, Shozan remained calm and said 'Because of a failure, we can succeed.'
Japanese: しかし象山は「失敗するから成功がある」と述べて平然としていたという。
English: Hisanari MACHIDA (January 27, 1838 - September 15, 1897) was a feudal retainer of the Satsuma clan at the end of the Edo period and was a member of warrior class in the Meiji period.
Japanese: 町田久成（まちだひさなり、1838年1月27日（天保9年1月2日(旧暦)）-1897年（明治30年）9月15日）は、幕末の薩摩藩士で明治時代の士族。
English: His tomb is located at Homyoin, a sub-temple of Mii-dera Temple in Mt. Nagara in Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture, and at Shinryoin in Ueno, Taito Ward, Tokyo.
Japanese: 葬所は滋賀県大津市長等山の三井寺塔頭・法明院、東京都台東区上野津梁院。
English: He was born as the first son of Hisanaga MACHIDA (feudal lord of Ishitani, Ijuin-go Area) and his mother (called Kuniko or Kumiko, the first daughter of Kiyoatsu KOMATSU who was a feudal load of Yoshitoshi-go Area), at the residence of the Machida family in Sengoku Baba Street, Kagoshima-jo Castle Town.
Japanese: 町田久長（伊集院郷石谷領主）と母（国（汲）子、吉利郷領主小松清穆の長女)の長男として鹿児島城下千石馬場通りの町田屋敷にて出生。
English: It was established under the joint direction of Tatewaki KOMATSU (chief retainer), Hisanari MACHIDA (chief inspector and director of education) and Ichizo OKUBO (later Toshimichi OKUBO, secretary).
Japanese: 小松帯刀（家老）、町田久成（大目付・学頭）、大久保一蔵（後の大久保利通、側役）連名による。
English: In 1864, at the time of 'the Kinmon Incident' in Kyoto, he participated in the battle as leader of Rokugotai unit (consisting of approximately 600 soldiers)
Japanese: 1864年、「禁門の変（京都）」に六郷隊（兵士約600人）の隊長として参戦。
English: In 1869, he became a Sanyo (councilor) of foreign affairs (his colleagues included Tomoatsu GODAI, Munenori TERASHIMA, Hirobumi ITO and Kaoru INOUE).
Japanese: 1869年、参与職外国事務掛となる（同僚に五代友厚、寺島宗則、伊藤博文、井上馨等）。
English: He was later appointed as Sanyo and officer of Foreign Affairs Council, magistrate of Nagasaki court, staff to the envoy pacifying Kyushu region, officer of Foreign Affairs Bureau, officer of Foreign Affairs Council, and Senior Secretary of the Foreign Ministry (immediate subordinate of Foreign Minister).
Japanese: その後、参与職外国官判事・長崎裁判所判事・九州鎮撫使参謀・外国事務局判事・外国官判事・外務大丞（外務大臣の直下）
English: In 1870, when he was working for Bussan-kyoku (Domestic Products Research Center) of Daigaku Nanko (predecessor of the University of Tokyo) as Senior Secretary of Universities, he met Yoshio TANAKA again (who had participated in the Paris Universal Exposition as an envoy of the shogunate).
Japanese: 1870年、大学大丞として大学南校物産局勤務の時、田中芳男（幕府使節としてパリ万博参加）と再会。
English: Takayuki SASAKI (November 26, 1830-March 2, 1910) was a samurai of the Tosa Domain, a official in the Meiji government, and also a representative of political conservatives.
Japanese: 佐々木高行（ささきたかゆき、文政13年10月12日(旧暦)（1830年11月26日）-明治43年（1910年）3月2日）は、江戸時代末の武士・土佐藩、明治時代の政府高官の中でも保守派を代表する一人である。
English: SASAKI was born in Setomura, Agawa District, Tosa Province (current day Aichi City, Aichi Prefecture) in 1830, the second son of the feudal samurai Takajun SASAKI.
Japanese: 文政13年（1830年）、土佐国吾川郡瀬戸村（現在の高知県高知市）に、藩武士佐々木高順の二男として生れる。
English: He was a close adviser to domain lord Yodo YAMAUCHI, helping to administer the domain, and in 1867 went to Kyoto to discuss a petition for the restoration of imperial rule with Shojiro GOTO and Ryoma SAKAMOTO.
Japanese: 藩主山内容堂（容堂）の側近として藩政をリードし、慶応3年（1867年）には上洛して後藤象二郎・坂本竜馬と大政奉還の建白について協議している。
English: He worked for the Meiji Government as a sangi (councillor), an officer in the Ministry of Justice, and an aide in the Imperial Household Department, and in 1871 travelled to the West as a member of the Iwakura Mission.
Japanese: 明治政府では参議・司法大輔・侍補を務め、明治4年（1871年）からは岩倉使節団の一員として欧米各国に渡る。
English: Following this, SASAKI, along with Tateki TANI and Nagazane MOTODA, spearheaded the 'Direct Imperial Rule Movement' in and around the Imperial Court and Chamber of Elders, called the 'Chusei Party' (sitting politically midway between the those advocating the Meiji oligarchy and those pushing for freedom and peoples' rights) for taking action to remove the authority of important government men such as Hirobumi ITO and embracing Emperor Meiji.
Japanese: その後、宮中や元老院(日本)を舞台に谷干城・元田永孚らともに「天皇親政運動」を主導して、明治天皇を擁して伊藤博文ら政府要人の排除に動いたために「中正党」と称された。
English: He was elevated to the title of hakushaku (count) in 1884 because of his achievements since the Restoration, and in the following year, with the commencement of the cabinet system, left the cabinet to work as an imperial court councillor and later privy councillor where he educated the Emperor Taisho, Imperial Princess Masako and Imperial Princess Fusako.
Japanese: 明治17年（1884年）、維新以来の功績によって伯爵を授かり、翌年からは内閣制度開始とともに閣外に去って宮中顧問官、ついで枢密顧問官をつとめ、この間、大正天皇・恒久王妃昌子内親王・北白川房子の養育係主任でもあった。
English: In 1890, following an unsuccessful bid by SASAKI, Tomozane YOSHII and Takatomi SENGE to revive the Jingiin (Institute of Divinities), SASAKI worked with Shigeki NISHIMURA to promote piety, reverence for the emperor, and patriotism.
Japanese: 明治23年（1890年）には吉井友実や千家尊福らと神祇院再興運動を進めるが採用されず、また西村茂樹らと敬神・尊王・愛国思想の普及に尽くす。
English: In 1896, heeding strong requests, he became the second director of the Koten Kokyusho, a Shinto research and educational institute that been suffering a management crisis, putting great effort into its reorganization.
Japanese: 明治29年（1896年）、関係者の強い要望によって、当時経営状態が悪化していた皇典講究所の第2代所長に就任し、再建に尽力した。
English: In 1909 he became a marquis, and in 1910 died of illness.
Japanese: 明治42年（1909年）、侯爵にのぼり、明治43年（1910年）病没。
English: Tekona is the name of a woman who is believed to have lived in Mama, Katsushika, Shimosa Province (present-day Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture) before the Nara Period.
Japanese: 手児奈（てこな）とは、下総国勝鹿（葛飾）の真間（現在の千葉県市川市）に奈良時代以前に住んでいたとされる女性の名前。
English: One legend says that Tekona was born as a daughter of the head of a local government during the era of Emperor Jomei and married into a family of a neighboring province.
Japanese: 一つの説によると、手児奈は舒明天皇の時代の国造の娘で、近隣の国へ嫁いだ。
English: However, because a conflict occurred between the provincial office of her native Katsushika and the province of her husband's, Tekona, suffering unjustified resentment, returned to Mama after a lot of hardships.
Japanese: しかし、勝鹿の国府と嫁ぎ先の国との間に争いが起こった為に逆恨みされ、苦難の末、再び真間へ戻った。
English: But ashamed of her broken marriage, Tekona lived quietly bringing her child up without returning to her parents' home.
Japanese: しかし、嫁ぎ先より帰った運命を恥じて実家に戻れぬままとなり、我が子を育ててつつ静かに暮らした。
English: However, it is said that several men started to fight over her, which drove her to drown herself in a cove (which spread around the present Mama-gawa River) of Mama.
Japanese: だが、男達は手児奈を巡り再び争いを起こし、これを厭って真間の入り江（現在の真間川付近に広がっていた）に入水したと伝えられている。
English: This ancient story spread to the capital as a legend after the Kokufu (an ancient provincial office) was placed in the area, stirring up poets' imagination.
Japanese: 古くから語られていた伝説が、この地に国府がおかれた後、都にも伝播し、詩人たちの想像力をかきたてた。
English: In Manyoshu (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), there are several poems on this legend written by Mushimaro TAKAHASHI and YAMABE no Akahito.
Japanese: 万葉集には高橋虫麻呂や山部赤人らによって詠われたこの伝説に関する歌が複数見られる。
English: In 737, Gyoki, having heard of the legend, built Guho-ji Temple (Ichikawa City) to console the spirit of Tekona.
Japanese: 737年に行基がその故事を聞き、手児奈の霊を慰めるために弘法寺(市川市)を開いた。
English: Also, in Kameiin Temple, there still exists a well from which Tekona reportedly drew water.
Japanese: また、亀井院には手児奈が水汲みをしていたとされる井戸が現存している。
English: Asaji-ga-Yado' (A squalid house covered with cogon), a story in "Ugetsu monogatari" (Tale of Rainy Moon, tales of ghosts) written by Akinari UEDA, is set in Mama and based on the legend of Tekona.
Japanese: 上田秋成による『雨月物語』の一編「浅茅が宿」は同じく下総葛飾の真間を舞台とし、手児奈の伝説をベースとしている。
English: Nobuyoshi SAWA (February 9, 1836-September 27, 1873) was Kugyo (high court noble) in the end of the Edo period and a politician in the Meiji period.
Japanese: 澤宣嘉（さわのぶよし、1836年2月9日（天保6年12月23日(旧暦)）-1873年（明治6年）9月27日））は、幕末期の公卿、明治の政治家である。
English: At the time of conclusion of Treaty of amity and commerce between the United States and Japan in 1858, he was against the imperial sanction and involved in the Demo of eighty-eight retainers of Imperial Court with his adoptive father Tamekazu.
Japanese: 1858年（安政5年）の日米修好通商条約締結の際は養父・為量と共に勅許に反対して廷臣八十八卿列参事件にかかわる。
English: By the Coup of August 18 in which the Choshu domain was exiled from Kyoto by the Aizu domain and the Satsuma domain in 1863, he was exiled from the Imperial Court in Kyoto (the exile of the Seven nobles from Kyoto).
Japanese: 1863年（文久3年）に会津藩と薩摩藩が結託して長州藩が京都から追放された八月十八日の政変により朝廷から追放されて都落ちする（七卿落ち）。
English: After he escaped to the Choshu domain, he kept himself hidden in various places and then rose an army at Ikuno in Tajima Province, supported by Kuniomi HIRANO (Ikuno Incident).
Japanese: 長州へ逃れた後は各地へ潜伏し、平野国臣に擁立されて但馬国生野で挙兵する（生野の変）。
English: After the Restoration of Imperial Rule in 1867, he held important positions such as Sanyo (Councilor), Kyusyu Chinbu-sotoku (the general of placating Kyushu) and the governor of the Nagasaki-fu.
Japanese: 1867年（慶応3年）の王政復古(日本)の後は、参与、九州鎮撫総督、長崎府知事などの要職を務めた。
English: He was promoted to Gaimukyo (chief of Foreign Ministry) from Gaikokan chiji (governor of foreign affairs) in 1869, but died of disease at the tender age of 38.
Japanese: 1869年（明治2年）に外国官知事から外務卿になり、外交に携わるが38歳の若さで病死した。
English: After he was assigned to Kyusyu Chinbu-sotoku and arrived Nagasaki, he called Christians of Uragami and tried to persuade them to convert from Christianity.
Japanese: 九州鎮撫総督長崎着任後、浦上のキリスト信徒たちを呼び出して改宗を説得した。
English: However, since they did not want to convert, he proposed a severe punishment such as 'execution of central character and exile of common believers' to the new government, which led to Urakamiyobankuzure (oppression for Christians in Nagasaki).
Japanese: が、改宗の意思が無い事から「中心人物の処刑と一般信徒の流罪」と言う厳罰の提案を新政府に提出、浦上四番崩れを引き起こした。
English: He stayed at Morita house (the family home of the foster mother of Shoin YOSHIDA) which was Honjin (a hotel) of the lord of domain at Kurokawa in Hagi, and learned military science, foreign affairs and so on.
Japanese: 萩黒川にある藩主本陣・森田邸(吉田松陰養母実家にあたる)に逗留し、兵学、外国情勢などを学ぶ。
English: At Ajio house, there remain a sword and its accessories of Nobuyoshi SAWA and clothes of Emperor Meiji which is said to have been presented by Nobuyoshi SAWA.
Japanese: なお阿字雄邸には澤宣嘉が所持していた刀とその小物類、澤宣嘉から贈呈されたと云われる明治天皇の服が伝わっている
English: Masaru INOUE (August 25, 1843, to August 2, 1910) was a samurai in the Edo Period (a feudal retainer of Choshu Domain) and a bureaucrat in the Meiji Period.
Japanese: 井上勝（いのうえまさる、1843年8月25日（天保14年8月1日(旧暦)）-1910年（明治43年）8月2日）は、江戸時代の武士（長州藩士）、明治時代の官僚。
English: Later he smuggled himself into England and studied until 1868 in London where he learned mining and railway technology at University College of London.
Japanese: のちにイギリスに密航し、1868年（明治元年）までロンドンに留学し、ユニバーシティー・カレッジ・オブ・ロンドン（UCL）にて鉱山技術・鉄道技術などを学ぶ。
English: After he came back to Japan, he served the new government, working hard as the Minister of Railways for the development of the railway business, including construction of the line between Shinbashi (Shinagawa) and Yokohama and Tokaido Main Line, and establishment of Nippon Railway Company (railways between Tokyo and Aomori).
Japanese: 帰国後は新政府に出仕し、新橋駅（品川駅）-横浜駅間の鉄道や東海道線、日本鉄道会社（東京～青森間）など、鉄道庁長官として鉄道事業の発展に尽力した。
English: He advocated the need for nationalization of the railways from early on, and in 1881 during his time as the Director General of the Railway Agency, he submitted to Takayuki SASAKI, the Minister of Industry then, a written opinion titled 'Argument against Private Railways from Director General of Railway Agency' stating that profit-oriented buisiness and competition of private railways would adversely affect the development of railways.
Japanese: 早くから鉄道国有化の必要を唱え、鉄道局長時代の1881年に工部卿佐々木高行に対し、民営鉄道の利益優先主義と競合は鉄道発展にマイナスとなるとする「私設鉄道に対する鉄道局長論旨」を提出する。
English: In 1891, he, as the Minister of Railways, submitted to the government a written statement titled 'Opinion about Governmental Project on Railways'.
Japanese: 1891年（明治24年）、鉄道庁長官として｢鉄道政略に関する議｣を政府に提出する。
English: His opinion that the main railroad lines should be owned by the national government later led to the Railroad Construction Law (1892) and the Railway Nationalization Act (1906).
Japanese: 幹線鉄道を国有化すべきとする主張は、後の鉄道敷設法（1892年）を生み、鉄道国有法（1906年）につながる。