nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Under these circumstances, both Satsuma and Choshu understood using armed forces would be the only way to overthrow the bakufu and started to gather the Tosa and Hiroshima clans.
Japanese: こうした状況下、薩摩・長州はもはや武力による倒幕しか事態を打開できないと悟り、土佐藩・広島藩の取り込みを図る。
English: In the Tosa domain, Shojiro GOTO, influenced by Ryoma SAKAMOTO, was working on that task by recommending to Yodo YAMANOUCHI the effects of restoring power to the emperor as a way to avoid overthrowing the shogunate by military conflicts.
Japanese: 土佐藩では後藤象二郎が坂本龍馬の影響もあり、武力倒幕路線を回避するために大政奉還を山内容堂に進言し、周旋を試みていた。
English: Meanwhile, Okubo and Saigo of Satsuma worked with Tomomi IWAKURA, who secretly stayed in the Rakuhoku area of Kyoto, in order to receive a secret imperial command to attack the bakufu on October 14, from Tadayasu NAKAYAMA (maternal grandfather of the Emperor Meiji), Tsuneyuki NAKAMIKADO, Sanenaru OGIMACHISANJO, and others.
Japanese: いっぽう、薩摩藩の大久保・西郷らは、洛北に隠棲中だった岩倉具視と工作し、中山忠能（明治天皇の外祖父）・中御門経之・正親町三条実愛らによって10月14日に討幕の密勅が出されるにいたる。
English: However, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA had already accepted the way Yodo YAMAUCHI suggested, and had announced the restoration of power to the emperor in front of members of various clans of Kyoto (the petition to the Emperor was made on October 14), and the anti-shogunate group lost the legitimate reason to attack the bakufu.
Japanese: ところが徳川慶喜は山内容堂の進言を受け入れ、前日在京諸藩士の前で大政奉還を宣言しており（14日に朝廷に奏請）、討幕派は大義名分を失うこととなった。
English: However, Yoshinobu did not immediately resign from the position of shogun (he resigned on October 24), as governance by the shogunate still remained the same with the administrative system still in effect for the time being.
Japanese: しかし、慶喜は将軍職も辞任せず（24日に辞職）、幕府の職制も当面残されることとなり、実質上は幕府支配は変わらなかった。
English: On December 9, the Restoration of the Imperial Rule (Japan) was declared, revoking traditional titles including Shogun, Sessho, and Kanpaku, and the new government, based on direct rule by the emperor, consisting of Sosai (President), Gijo and Sanyo (Councilor), was declared to be established.
Japanese: 12月9日、王政復古(日本)が下され、従来の将軍・摂政・関白などの職が廃止され、天皇親政を基本とし、総裁・議定・参与からなる新政府の樹立が宣言された。
English: In the Kogosho kaigi (a meeting), held under the guard of the Satsuma troops, Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA was required to resign from the official position (Minister of the Interior) and return to the domains.
Japanese: 同日夜薩摩藩兵などの警護の中行われた小御所会議において、徳川慶喜は官職（内大臣）辞職および領地返上を要請されたのである。
English: Although Yodo YAMANOUCHI firmly opposed the idea, the requirement, pushed by Tomomi IWAKURA, was decided.
Japanese: 会議に参加した山内容堂は猛反対するが、岩倉らが押し切り、辞官納地が決定された。
English: Accepting the decision, Yoshinobu moved to Osaka-jo Castle, but the decision was not executed because of the intervention of Yodo YAMANOUCHI, Shungaku MATSUDAIRA, and Yoshikatsu TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: 決定を受けて慶喜は大坂城へ退去したが、山内容堂・松平春嶽・徳川慶勝の仲介により辞官納地は次第に骨抜きとなってしまう。
English: Then, Saigo assembled rochi including Sozo SAGARA, provoking the bakufu.
Japanese: そのため、西郷らは相楽総三ら浪士を集めて江戸に騒擾を起こし、幕府側を挑発した。
English: Angered by that action, the Shonai clan, in charge of keeping the peace of Edo city, and Tadamasa OGURI, kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance of the bakufu), burned the residence of the Satsuma clan.
Japanese: 江戸市中の治安を担当した庄内藩や勘定奉行小栗忠順らは激昂し、江戸薩摩藩邸の焼討事件した。
English: Due to the political instability and the inflated prices of goods in the market, many radical actions, such as "reform riots" and destructive urban riots, occurred, and "Eejanaika", an unusual movement consisting of religious celebrations and communal activities, was seen in many parts of the country.
Japanese: なおこの頃、政情不安や物価の高騰による生活苦などから「世直し一揆」や打ちこわしが頻発し、また社会現象として「ええじゃないか」なる奇妙な流行が広範囲で見られた。
English: Troops of the former bakufu staying in Osaka-jo Castle were excited when they heard the residence of the Satsuma clan had been burnt down.
Japanese: 江戸での薩摩藩邸焼き討ちの報が大坂城へ伝わると、城内の旧幕兵も興奮し、
English: Then, in January 1868 (changed the name of an era to Meiji in September), they finally started to march into Kyoto, raising a plan to conquer Satsuma.
Japanese: ついに翌慶応4年（1868年。9月に明治と改元）正月「討薩表」を掲げ、京へ進軍を開始した。
English: On January 3, battles started between the bakufu and the Satsuma clan on Toba-kaido Road and Fushimi-kaido Road (The Battle of Toba-Fushimi).
Japanese: 1月3日鳥羽街道・伏見街道において薩摩軍との戦闘が開始された（鳥羽伏見の戦い）。
English: In the battle, the Satsuma's army was the imperial army, with the imperial standard; thus the bakufu were regarded as rebels; as a result, by January 5, it became clear that the bakufu would lose the war, as many clans including Yodo and Tsu changed their positions and joined the imperial army.
Japanese: 官軍を意味する錦の御旗が薩長軍に翻り、幕府軍が賊軍となるにおよび、淀藩・津藩などの寝返りが相次ぎ、5日には幕府軍の敗北が決定的となる。
English: A series of battles fought in many parts of Japan from this point to the next year is called "the Boshin War" (the word Boshin comes from the name of the year 1868 designated in the oriental zodiac).
Japanese: 以後、翌年までおこなわれた一連の内戦を1868年の干支である戊辰をとって「戊辰戦争」と呼ぶ。
English: Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito was appointed as Tosei Daitokutfu (the Great Governor-General in charge of the military expedition to the east), and dispatched the expeditionary force to the east (also called the Imperial army) to the areas of Tokai-do Road, Nakasen-do Road, and Hokuriku-do Road.
Japanese: 東征大総督として有栖川宮熾仁親王が任命され、東海道・中山道・北陸道にそれぞれ東征軍（官軍とも呼ばれた）が派遣された。
English: Meanwhile, the new government published 'Charter Oath of Five Articles,' drafted by Takachika FUKUOKA (a feudal retainer of Tosa) and Kosei YURI (a feudal retainer of Echizen), and amended by Koin KIDO of Choshu, as they needed to set the guidelines of the administration.
Japanese: 一方、新政府では、今後の施政の指標を定める必要から、福岡孝弟（土佐藩士）、由利公正（越前藩士）らが起草した原案を長州藩の木戸孝允が修正し、「五箇条の御誓文」として発布した。
English: Finally, after a meeting between Saigo and Katsu, Edo-jo Castle was surrendered, and the Tokugawa family moved to Sunpu domain (current Shizuoka) with 700,000 koku (of rice) (a unit of volume: rice 1-koku is 180.39 liter, lumber 1-koku is 0.278 cubic meter) due to the efforts of Kaishu KATSU, who took the charge of ending the war from the Yoshinobu side, with the intervention by Tesshu YAMAOKA, and with petitions from Tenshoin and Prince Kazunomiya.
Japanese: 慶喜の意を受けて勝海舟が終戦処理にあたり、山岡鉄舟による周旋、天璋院や和宮の懇願、西郷・勝会談により決戦は回避されて、江戸開城され、徳川家は江戸から駿府藩70万石へ移封となった。
English: However, not all members of the bakufu were happy with the peace settlement, and some of them continued to resist in many places, particularly in the regions of northern Kanto, Hokuetsu, and southern Tohoku.
Japanese: しかしこれを不満とする幕臣たちは脱走し北関東、北越、南東北など各地で抵抗を続けた。
English: They formed troops known as Shogitai, and entrenched themselves in Ueno Kanei-ji Temple in Edo, but were suppressed within a day, on May 15, by the armed force comprised of several clans and led by Masujiro OMURA (Ueno War).
Japanese: 一部は彰義隊を結成し上野寛永寺に立て籠もったが、5月15日長州藩の大村益次郎率いる諸藩連合軍により、わずか1日で鎮圧される（上野戦争参照）。
English: Accordingly, the Aizu and Shonai clans that took the charges of keeping peace of the cities of Kyoto and Edo became the enemies of the imperial court; Aizu were willing to show allegiance but the new government still took Aizu as the enemy, forcing the surrounding clans to dispatch troops against Aizu.
Japanese: そして、旧幕府において京都と江戸の警備に当たっていた会津藩及び庄内藩は朝敵と見なされ、会津は武装恭順の意志を示したものの、新政府の意志は変わらず、周辺諸藩は新政府に会津出兵を迫られる事態に至った。
English: To address this move, an alliance was formed among clans in Mutsu, Dewa, and Echigo (in the north-eastern region of Japan), supporting Cloistered Imperial Prince Rinojinomiya Kogen, later Imperial Prince Kitashirakawanomiya Yoshihisa (also known as Tobu Emperor).
Japanese: この圧力に対抗するため、陸奥、出羽及び越後の諸藩により奥羽越列藩同盟（北部政府）が結成され、輪王寺宮公現法親王（のちの北白川宮能久親王）が擁立された（東武皇帝）。
English: Many hard battles were fought in the Echigo-Nagaoka domain (Hokuetsu War), Aizu (Aizu War), Akita (Akita War), and other parts of Japan, but the armed force of the new government won all of them.
Japanese: 越後長岡藩（北越戦争参照）・会津（会津戦争参照）・秋田（秋田戦争参照）などで激しい戦闘がおこなわれたが、いずれも新政府軍の勝利に終わった。
English: Takeaki ENOMOTO, former vice president of the naval force of the bakufu, assembled people who lost those hard-fought battles across the country, using the bakufu's battleship, and occupied Goryokaku in Hakodate.
Japanese: 旧幕府海軍副総裁の榎本武揚は幕府が保有していた軍艦を率い、各地で敗残した幕府側の勢力を集め、箱館の五稜郭を占拠。
English: Enomoto wanted to form a new state independent from the newly formed Meiji government and based around samurai from the previous bakufu regime, and declared that the Republic of Ezo was established, but lost the Battle of Hakodate, surrendering to the government in May 1869 and ending the Boshin War.
Japanese: 旧幕府側の武士を中心として明治政府から独立した政権を模索し蝦夷共和国の樹立を宣言するが箱館戦争で、翌明治2年（1869年）5月新政府軍に降伏し、戊辰戦争が終結した。
English: During this period, a plan to return land and people to the emperor was set by a petition from major clans Satsuma, Chofu, Tosa and Hizen, and was actually carried out in September, by returning land (called hanto) and people (family register) to the government, transforming the lord of domain (daimyo [Japanese feudal lord]) to chihanjis (modern-day governors), and separating vassals from each clan.
Japanese: その間、薩摩・長州・土佐・肥前藩の建白により版籍奉還が企図され、同年9月諸藩の藩主（大名）は領地（版図）および人民（戸籍）を政府へ返還、大名は知藩事となり、家臣とも分離された。
English: In 1871, traditional feudal domains were abolished and prefectures were introduced by the Meiji government, ending the feudal system both in name and reality (Article of the Meiji Restoration).
Japanese: 明治4年（1871年）には、廃藩置県が断行され、名実共に幕藩体制は終焉した（明治維新参照）。
English: Roshigumi (an organization of masterless samurai), Shinsengumi (a group who guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate: Mibu-Roshigumi, Koyo Chinbutai [a military unit formed specially for the campaign in Kai Province], Seiheitai, Goryo-eji [guards of Imperial mausoleums]), Shincho-gumi (the Tokugawa Shogunate guard organization), Mimawari-gumi (an organization to maintain public order)
Japanese: 浪士組、新選組(壬生浪士組、甲陽鎮撫隊、靖兵隊、御陵衛士)、新徴組、見廻組
English: Gakuheitai (Army in Western system: Sendai domain), Raijintai (a Japanese guerilla warfare unit formed in 1868 during the Boshin War: Kuwana domain), Ryosotai (Gujo domain), Tenchugumi (the Heavenly Avenging Force), Tengu-to Party
Japanese: 額兵隊（仙台藩）、雷神隊（桑名藩）、凌霜隊（郡上藩）、天誅組、天狗党
English: The bakufu and other clans tried to get modern Western weapons, at first to protect the coastlines, and later to overthrow the bakufu.
Japanese: 幕府・各藩は海防のため、後には倒幕のために、競って西洋の最新兵器を揃えようとした。
English: However, it was difficult to produce them by themselves as there was a large technological difference between Japan, which had closed itself for quite a long time, and Western nations, so most of the weapons were purchased from foreign traders.
Japanese: しかし長い鎖国の間に西洋の軍事技術との差は開いて自製は困難であったから、ほとんどは外国商人から購入してまかなった。
English: This was a muzzle-loading, smooth-bore gun, using a different method of firing than match cord, with a Western style gunstock to be placed on a shoulder, as apposed to the Japanese style one which was held against the cheek.
Japanese: -前装滑腔銃で、火縄以外の点火方法と、頬に当てる和式銃床ではなく肩に当てる洋式銃床を持つもの。
English: This type of gun was easier to use because it didn't use a match cord to light the powder, but by using the flintlock system, the accuracy of gunfire was lower than match cord guns; using the percussion lock system, the accuracy of fire and the shooting distance were almost equal to match cord guns, but guns could be used even in the rain.
Japanese: 火縄を用いないため運用が楽になったが、フリントロック式では命中精度は火縄銃並以下、パーカッション式は、命中精度、射程距離共に火縄銃と変わらないが、雨中でも使用できた。
English: By including rifling in the gun barrel, the accuracy of fire improved significantly, but it became difficult to load bullets as bullets needed to be pushed into the rifling.
Japanese: ライフリングを付けたことにより命中精度は格段に高くなったが、ライフリングに弾丸を食い込ませる必要があるため、弾込めが難しくなった。
English: This was the first practically used breech-loading rifle in the world, but it was not powerful because the cartridge used with this rifle was made from paper that allowed a significant amount of gas to escape when the rifle was fired.
Japanese: 実用後装ライフル銃としては世界初のものだが、薬莢は紙製で発射ガスの漏れがひどく威力は弱かった。
English: Napoleon the third, Emperor of France, sent the rifles to the bakufu, and they were given to the elite troops of the bakufu.
Japanese: フランス皇帝ナポレオン3世より幕府に送られたもので、幕府軍の精鋭部隊に与えられた。
English: This type of gun was state-of-the-art at the time, but it did not make a significant impact as it was hard for the bakufu to get the bullets specific to the rifles.
Japanese: 当時最新鋭の銃であるが、国内では専用弾薬の調達が困難で、戦局に影響を与えることはなかった。
English: It used a "Boxer Patron", a prototype of the modern day cartridge made of paper and brass.
Japanese: 紙と真鍮で作られたボクサー・パトロンという現代薬莢の原型を使用する。
English: It had the most powerful firing ability of its day, using steeple skull ammunition and a detonation cord loaded with powder charge.
Japanese: 装薬が充填され信管が取り付けられている尖頭砲弾を使用し、当時最強の火力を有した。
English: Rokuyo refers to one of rekichu (various information recorded in the almanac) and has the six kinds such as sakigachi (The day on which bold actions are supposed to turn out well), tomobiki (The day currently believed to pull a friend by superstition), sakimake (The day on which it is supposed to be better to avoid disputes and hurried actions), butsumetsu (Buddha's death or unlucky day), taian (The most auspicious day in the six-day Buddhist calendar) and shakko (The day of great misfortune).
Japanese: 六曜（ろくよう）は、暦注の一つで、先勝・友引・先負・仏滅・大安・赤口の6種をいう。
English: In Japan, rokuyo is one of the most famous rekichu for the calendar and is written in ordinary calendars and notebooks.
Japanese: 日本では、暦の中でも有名な暦注の一つで、一般のカレンダーや手帳にも記載されている。
English: Now in Japan, rokuyo has a strong influence mainly on ceremonial occasions, for example, it is better to have a wedding on taian and to avoid a funeral on tomobiki.
Japanese: 今日の日本においても影響力が強く、結婚式は大安がよい、葬式は友引を避けるなど、主に冠婚葬祭などの儀式と結びついて使用されている。
English: It is also called rokki or sukuyo (astrology), but these are the names created after the Meiji period to avoid confusion with shichiyoreki (calendar of the seven luminaries).
Japanese: 六輝（ろっき）や宿曜（すくよう）ともいうが、これは七曜との混同を避けるために、明治以後に作られた名称である。
English: Rokuyo is said to have been born in China, but it is totally unknown when it was established as a calendar.
Japanese: 六曜は中国で生まれたとされるが、いつの時代から暦として確立されたかについては全く不詳である。
English: It is also called Komei rokuyo star and was invented by Zhuge Liang, who, a popular belief says, made strategies using rokuyo, but it is doubtful that there existed rokuyo in the Three Kingdoms period (of Chinese history) and according to an established theory, it is a far-fetched story created by after generations.
Japanese: 孔明六曜星とも呼ばれ、諸葛亮が発案し、六曜を用いて軍略を立てていたとの俗説があるが、三国時代(中国)から六曜があったということは疑わしく、後世のこじつけであるとするのが定説となっている。
English: And one theory says that it was made by Ri junho during the Tang dynasty, but it is also uncertain.
Japanese: また一説には、唐の李淳風の作であるともいうが、これも真偽不詳である。
English: Rokuyo was originally used as a unit for distinguishing each day by stars, where one month (calendar) (≒30 days) was divided into five equal parts and six days were regarded as a cycle (30÷5= 6).
Japanese: 六曜は元々は、1箇月(暦)（≒30日）を5等分して6日を一定の周期とし（30÷56）、それぞれの日を星毎に区別する為の単位として使われた。
English: It is considered to be from the end of the Kamakura period to the Muromachi period that rokuyo was introduced from China to Japan.
Japanese: 六曜が中国から日本に伝来したのは、14世紀の鎌倉時代末期から室町時代にかけて、とされる。
English: The name, interpretation and order have been bit by bit changed and now all the names, except for shakko, have been changed.
Japanese: その名称や解釈・順序も少しずつ変えられ、現在では赤口以外は全て名称が変わっている。
English: During the Meiji period, rekichu with fortune was regarded as a superstition and banned by the government, but only rokuyo was considered not to be a kind of superstition and continued to be described.
Japanese: 明治時代に入って、吉凶付きの暦注は迷信であるとして政府に禁止されたとき、六曜だけは迷信の類ではないと引き続き記載された。
English: For this reason, it became even more popular and led to a runaway trend after the World War II.
Japanese: このことからかえって人気に拍車をかけることとなり、第二次世界大戦後の爆発的流行に至った。
English: They are thought to have originally begun to be used among prowlers or gamblers in gambling parlors because many of them are concerned with games and these people 'believed in omens'.
Japanese: 勝負事に関する内容が多く、「ゲン（元または験）を担ぐ」ことから、元々は賭場の遊び人や勝負師などの間で用いられ出したものではないかと考えられている。
English: For this reason, even now, they are listed with the dateline in forecast papers for publicly-owned derbies.
Japanese: このため、公営競技の予想紙には、現在でも日付欄とともに掲載されている。
English: It has been widely used in ordinary calendars, but has not been used in calendars made by public institutions like government and some public institutions provide administrative guidance to order not to list it.
Japanese: 一般的なカレンダーなどにはこれまで広く用いられてきたが、行政をはじめとする公共機関が作成するカレンダーでは使用せず、掲載を取り止めるよう行政指導を行っている機関もある。
English: It is because they are groundless superstitions and to avoid needless confusion.
Japanese: 根拠のない迷信であること、無用な混乱を避けるなどの理由により採用しないものである。
English: Many words which seem to be associated with butsuji (Buddhist memorial service) are used, such as butsumetsu or tomobiki, but, in Buddhism, Shaka (Buddha) have banned fortune-telling.
Japanese: 仏滅や友引という、仏事と関わり合いそうな言葉が多く使われているが、仏教では、釈迦は占いを禁じている。
English: And in Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), Shinran preached in Wasan (Japanese hymns) that 'it is not good to choose the days' fortune,' and thus, in general, superstition or popular belief are denied and especially tabooed.
Japanese: また、浄土真宗では親鸞が「日の吉凶を選ぶことはよくない」と和讃に於いて説いたため、迷信、俗信一般を否定しており、特にタブーとされている。
English: Therefore, the reason why there are many words which have no relation with Buddhism but seems to have a relation with butsuji is just phonetic equivalents.
Japanese: このため、仏教とは一切関係無く、仏事と関わり合いそうな言葉が多いのは、全くの当て字に因る。
English: Some of human-rights group aggressively ask for the abolishment of rokuyo, saying 'to believe superstitions like rokuyo leads to discrimination.'
Japanese: 一部の人権団体が「六曜のような迷信を信じる事は差別につながる」として、積極的な廃止を求めている。
English: There was an incident in which Otsu city made personal day planners for the year 2005 with rokuyo, but they were recalled because of the protest from human-rights group and were totally discarded.
Japanese: 大津市が作成した2005年版職員手帳が六曜を載せていたために、人権団体の抗議を受けて回収され、全て廃棄処分されるという事件も発生した。
English: Rokuyo repeats in the order of sakigachi => tomobiki => sakimake => butsumetsu => taian => shakko, and the rokuyo of the day 1 of every month in the old lunisolar calendar is fixed as follows.
Japanese: 六曜は先勝→友引→先負→仏滅→大安→赤口の順で繰り返すが、旧暦の毎月1日の六曜は以下のように固定されている。
English: As a definition, if the sum of the number of month and the number of date in the old lunisolar calendar are multiples of six, then it is taian.
Japanese: 定義としては、旧暦の月の数字と旧暦の日の数字の和が6の倍数であれば大安となる。
English: But in New calendar (solar calendar), the regularly cycling rokuyo suddenly discontinues one day, or rokuyo on the same date differs depending on the year or month.
Japanese: しかし、新暦のカレンダーの上では、規則正しく循環していたものがある日突然途切れたり、同じ日の六曜が年によって、月によって異なっていたりする。
English: This gives a mysterious aura to rokuyo and is one of the reasons for the popularity.
Japanese: このことが神秘的な感じを与え、これも六曜の人気の要因の一つとなっている。
English: At present, there are sakigachi, tomobiki, sakimake, butsumetsu, taian and shakko, but formerly, as mentioned before, all the names except for shakko have been changed.
Japanese: 現在では、先勝、友引、先負、仏滅、大安、赤口、とあるが、前述の通り古くは赤口以外は全て名称が異なっている。
English: It is said that rokuyo once repeated in the order of sokukichi (即吉) => tomobiki (共引)=> shukichi (周吉) => kyomo (虚亡) => taian (泰安) => shakko (as for the names, there are other theories).
Japanese: かつては即吉→共引→周吉→虚亡→泰安→赤口（名称については他説有り）の順で繰り返されていた、とされている。
English: Once it was said that 'the day should be known to end in a stalemate,' and was said to be the day when all the games end in a draw, that is, 'tomobiki' (both sides end in a draw) and it did not have the present-day meaning.
Japanese: かつては「勝負なき日と知るべし」といわれ、勝負事で何事も引分けになる日、つまり「共引」とされており、現在のような意味はなかった。
English: In Onmyodo (way of Yin and Yang; occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements), there is 'the tomobiki day' when, if something is done in one direction on the day, a harm will be brought to a friend, which is thought to have been confused with rokuyo's tomobiki.
Japanese: 陰陽道で、ある日ある方向に事を行うと災いが友に及ぶとする「友引日」というものがあり、これが六曜の友引と混同されたものと考えられている。
English: There is a superstition that if a funeral or a memorial service (a Buddhist service) is done on a tomobiki day, a friend is drawn to the other world (= die), and in some areas crematories are closed on tomobiki days.
Japanese: 葬式・法事を行うと、友が冥土に引き寄せられる（＝死ぬ）との迷信があり、友引の日は火葬場を休業とする地域もある。
English: However, rokuyo does not have a relation with Buddhism and thus, even on tomobiki day, funerals are done in a religious school (Jodo Shinshu).
Japanese: しかし、六曜は仏教とは関係がないため、友引でも葬儀をする宗派（浄土真宗）がある。
English: As for auspicious occasion, on the contrary, some send Hikidemono gifts of wedding reception banquet in the sense of 'delivering a share of happiness'.
Japanese: 逆に慶事については"幸せのお裾分け"という意味で、結婚披露宴の引出物を発送したりする人もいる。
English: The reading 'tomobiki' has become common, but its root is in '留引' (yuin), a Chinese word meaning 'holding back', whose sound resembles '友引' (yuin) meaning 'drawing a friend' and whose reading in kun-yomi (Japanese reading of character) is 'tomobiki', thus the roots has no relation with 'drawing a friend.'
Japanese: 「ともびき」という読みが一般的となっているが、中国語の「留引」を「ゆういん」と読むことがルーツとなっており、訓読みとなって「ともびき」と当てはめたため、「友を引く」こととは関係がなかった。
English: Once it was written as '小吉' and '周吉' and regarded as a Kitsujitsu (lucky day), but, according to the meaning of the Chinese characters used for sakimake, it has been interpreted as the present meaning.
Japanese: かつては「小吉」「周吉」と書かれ吉日とされていたが、字面に連られて現在のような解釈がされるようになった。
English: It is considered that it is better to keep quiet for everything and it should be avoided to do games or anything urgent on sakimake days.
Japanese: 万事に平静であることが良いとされ、勝負事や急用は避けるべきとされる。
English: It was originally called 'kumo' or 'kyomo' (both meaning 'existing as if nothing exists') but was eventually interpreted as emptiness of everything and came to be called '物滅' (death of everything) (butsumetsu) and recently the letter '佛(仏)' (Buddha) (butsu) was applied instead of 物 (things) (butsu).
Japanese: 元は「空亡」「虚亡」と言っていたが、これを全てが虚しいと解釈して「物滅」と呼ぶようになり、これに近年になって「佛（仏）」の字が当てられたものである。
English: The day is thought to be the worst day in rokuyo and celebrations like wedding are to be avoided on that day as customs.
Japanese: この日は六曜の中で最も凶の日とされ、婚礼などの祝儀を忌む習慣がある。
English: It is often regarded as the day when Buddha died because of the meaning of the Chinese characters used for butsumetsu, but it has no relation with Buddhism as mentioned before.
Japanese: 字面から仏陀（釈迦）が入滅した（亡くなった）日と解釈されることが多いが、上述のように本来は無関係である。
English: February 15 is considered to have been the day of Buddha's death (the old lunisolar calendar), but it is accidental that the day is always butsumetsu in the old lunisolar calendar.
Japanese: 釈迦の死んだ日とされる2月15日(旧暦)が旧暦では必ず仏滅になるのは、偶然そうなっただけである。
English: Also, if "物滅" (butsumetsu) is applied, it means 'things (物) collapse (滅) once and things start anew,' and some interpret the day is better than 'taian' to start things.
Japanese: また『物滅』として「物が一旦滅び、新たに物事が始まる」とされ、「大安」よりも物事を始めるには良い日との解釈もある。
English: The day is said to be good for everything and there is no failure on the day and weddings in particular are often done on taian days.
Japanese: 何事においても吉、成功しないことはない日とされ、特に婚礼は大安の日に行われることが多い。
English: In that sense, it is roughly equivalent to the Sabbath in Christianity or Judaism.
Japanese: この点で、キリスト教やユダヤ教における安息日にほぼ相当するといえる。
English: As it was once written as '泰安' (taian), the reading 'taian' is the original reading.
Japanese: かつては「泰安」と書かれたため、「たいあん」の方が本来の読みということになる。
English: A shakko day is good only during Uma-no-koku (from around 11 am to 1 pm) and except for that, it is said to be bad.
Japanese: 午の刻（午前11時ごろから午後1時ごろまで）のみ吉で、それ以外は凶とされる。
English: It is also read as 'shakko,' 'shakku,' 'jakku,' 'jakko,' 'sekiguchi.'
Japanese: 「しゃっこう」「しゃっく」「じゃっく」「じゃっこう」「せきぐち」などと読まれる。
English: Old Tango (one of the five seasonal festivals in the Edo period, which was taken place on the fifth of May): (May 5 [the old calendar]): 5＋5=10, 10÷6=1, the remainder is 4 => sakimake.
Japanese: 旧端午（5月5日(旧暦)）：5＋5＝10,10÷6＝1あまり4→先負
English: Jugoya (night of the full moon) (August 15 [the old calendar]): 8+15=23, 23÷6=3, the remainder is 5 => butsumetsu.
Japanese: 十五夜（8月15日(旧暦)）：8+1523,23÷63あまり5→仏滅
English: The thirteenth night (September 13 [the old calendar]): 9+13=22, 22÷6=3, the remainder is 4 => sakimake.
Japanese: 十三夜（9月13日(旧暦)）：9+1322,22÷63あまり4→先負
English: Old Shichi-go-san (a day of prayer for the healthy growth of young children) (November 15 [the old calendar]): 11+15=26, 26÷6=4, the remainder is 2 => sakigachi.
Japanese: 旧七五三（11月15日(旧暦)）：11+1526,26÷64あまり2→先勝