nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Meanwhile, Kuroda was upset with Kaoru INOUE, who had opposed the draft revised treaty, and sneaked into Inoue's residence while getting drunk (in the night of December 15, 1889); Kuroda was suspended after being criticized by the government members.
Japanese: なお、この時に、条約改正案に反対した井上馨への鬱積から、酒に酔ったまま井上邸内に忍び込むという事件（1889年12月15日夜）を起こして政府内から非難を浴びて謹慎している。
English: The Sino-Japanese war broke out under the Ito Cabinet, but Kuroda did not play a particularly important role, and he became a Chairman of the Privy Council in 1895.
Japanese: 伊藤内閣のもとで日清戦争が起こったが、特に活躍することなく、明治28年（1895年）に枢密院議長となった。
English: He fell sick from 1893 and his work was often interfered with.
Japanese: 明治26年（1893年）から体の不調が募り、仕事に支障をきたすことが多くなった。
English: Although he was the central figure in the Satsuma domain clique, the scandal and bribery case isolated him in his later years and the people from the same domain left him.
Japanese: 薩摩閥の重鎮とはいえ、醜聞と疑獄事件で晩年は浮いた存在となり、同郷の人々は離れていった。
English: Instead, he established close relationships with the former bakufu retainers, especially with Takeaki ENOMOTO whom he highly valued in the areas such as diplomacy.
Japanese: 代わって旧幕臣との付き合いが濃密となり、特に外交分野などでは榎本武揚を重用するようになった。
English: It is thought that Enomoto played the role of chairman at the funeral ceremony because people in Satsuma avoided Kuroda.
Japanese: 黒田の死に際し榎本が葬儀委員長を務めたのも、薩摩の人々が黒田を敬遠したためと見られる。
English: Masamune DATE (September 5, 1567 - June 27, 1636) was a feudal warlord who lived during the Sengoku period.
Japanese: 伊達政宗（だてまさむね、1567年9月5日-1636年6月27日）は、戦国時代(日本)の武将。
English: His first name "Masamune" was named after the 9th lord of Date clan, Masamune DATE (Daizen no daibu [Master of the Palace Table]) who was the founder of a revival during the Muromachi period; therefore, he was often called Tojiro-Masamune to distinguish from Masamune DATE of Daizen no daibu.
Japanese: 諱の「政宗」は伊達家中興の祖といわれる室町時代の第9代当主・伊達政宗(大膳大夫)にあやかったもので、この大膳大夫政宗と区別するべく藤次郎政宗と呼ぶことも多い。
English: When Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA asked him about his right eye, he answered "My right eye popped out when I fell from a tree, and then I ate it because it looked so delicious".
Japanese: 豊臣秀吉や徳川家康に「右目はどうしたのか？」と聞かれた際において、政宗は「木から落ちたとき、右目が出てきてしまったが、あまりに美味しそうだったので、食べてしまった」と語っている。
English: An anecdote is told that Kagetsuna KATAKURA, with his short sword, enucleated Masamune's right eye that spoiled his appearance.
Japanese: また、片倉景綱が容貌を悪くしていた右目を短刀で摘出したという逸話もある。
English: The father of Masamune, Terumune DATE was concerned about the future of Masamune, then he invited a Zen priest of the Rinzai sect, Kosai Soitsu for Masamune to teach Buddhism and Sinology with strict instruction.
Japanese: 元亀3年（1572年）、政宗の将来を心配した父・伊達輝宗が招いた臨済宗の虎哉宗乙（こさいそういつ）禅師による厳しい教育が始められ、仏教や漢学を学ぶ。
English: In 1575, Kagetsuna KATAKURA, who was a son of a Shinto priest, was appointed as the personal guardian of Masamune to become his attendant.
Japanese: 天正3年（1575年）、神職の子である片倉景綱が守り役を命ぜられ側近となる。
English: Kagetsuna served and devoted his life to Masamune, sometimes as the closest aide, and sometimes as a strategist next to Masamune.
Japanese: 景綱は政宗の側近中の側近として、時には軍師として生涯忠誠を尽くした。
English: In 1577, Masamune celebrated his coming of age, and in 1579, he got married with Aihime whose father was a warlord of Sendo and the lord of the Miharu-jo Castle, Kiyoaki TAMURA.
Japanese: 天正5年（1577年）に元服、天正7年（1579年）には仙道の戦国大名で三春城主田村清顕の娘愛姫を正室とする。
English: In 1581, when Masamune was 15 years old, he went on his first battle to attack the adjacent province ruled by SOMA clan, and won a victory.
Japanese: 天正9年（1581年）、隣接する戦国大名・相馬氏への侵攻に15歳で初陣し、勝利を収める。
English: In 1584, Masamune succeeded to the family at the age of 18, and became the 17th lord of Date clan.
Japanese: 天正12年（1584年）に18歳で家督を相続し、伊達家17代を継承する。
English: At that time, his father Terumune was 41 years old and still in his prime, thus Masamune first declined to succeed family headship insisting on his immaturity; however, the determination of Terumune was strong as he saw through the talent of Masamune as a military commander; eventually Masamune accepted the succession of family headship.
Japanese: 父・輝宗は41歳の働き盛りでもあり、政宗は当初、年少を理由に辞退を申し出たが、政宗の武将としての素質を見抜いていた輝宗の決意は固く、家督を相続することとなった。
English: The lord of the Odamori-jo Castle Sadatsuna OUCHI allied with the lord of the Nihonmatsu-jo Castle Yoshitsugu HATAKEYAMA, in order to free themselves from the ruling of Tamura clan, and then to oppose against Masamune.
Japanese: 小手森城主の戦国大名・大内定綱は二本松城主の戦国大名・畠山義継と手を組み、田村氏からの支配を脱却し、政宗に対抗しようとした。
English: During the attack, Masamune revealed the cruel side of his nature by refusing the surrender of enemy soldiers and throughgoingly purged the entire enemy troops (Masamune's enemy mow down at the Odemori-jo Castle).
Japanese: 討伐の際は、降伏を認めないなどの徹底した粛清（小手森城政宗の撫で斬り）を行い、非道な一面を見せた。
English: His tactics of annihilating the enemy troops was an unprecedented event in Oshu region, where almost all ruling clans were relatives and kinsmen; this incident terrorized those feudal lords of neighboring territories.
Japanese: 豪族が殆ど親戚・縁戚同士という奥州では皆殺し戦術は前代未聞の大事件であり、近隣の戦国大名を恐怖に陥れた。
English: On the other hand, Masamune later accepted Sadatsuna as his vassal from the strategic point of view.
Japanese: しかし、一方で政宗は後年、戦略的見地から定綱を家臣の列に加えている。
English: However, Terumune was abducted when he came to a castle gate to see off Yoshitsugu HATAKEYAMA, who had visited Terumune to express his gratitude for mediating the peace talk and securing his territory.
Japanese: ところが輝宗が、所領安堵の件などの礼に来ていた畠山義継を城門まで見送りに行った所を拉致される。
English: When this incident occurred, Masamune was out in the field for hunting, but he rushed back to the castle and chased after the entourage of HATAKEYAMA, and shot everyone to death along with his father, Terumune.
Japanese: 政宗は事件の時、狩りに出かけていたが急遽戻り、畠山一行を追跡し、父・輝宗もろとも鉄砲を放って一人も残さず殺害したという。
English: As for this incident, there are various theories regarding the causes and consequences; Terumune ordered Masamune to shoot Yoshitsugu together with him; or it was a plot of Masamune to kill his father, judging from the fact that the troops of Masamune coming after the group of Hatakeyama was prepared with guns.
Japanese: この事件は、輝宗が自分とともに義継を撃てと命じたとの説や追跡してきた政宗の軍勢がすでに鉄砲で武装していたことから、政宗の父殺しの陰謀だったとする説など発生原因も含めて諸説ある。
English: Soon after the memorial service on the sixth day after Terumune's death, Masamune besieged the Nihonmatsu-jo Castle of Nihonmatsu clan for an avenging battle of Terumune's death; his troops engaged in a fierce battle against anti-DATE allied forces of Satake and Ashina clans with 30,000 soldiers organized for saving Hatakeyama clan, at the Hitotori-bashi Bridge in Adachi District.
Japanese: その後、初七日法要を済ますと輝宗の弔い合戦のため早くも二本松氏の二本松城を包囲し、畠山氏救出のため集結した、佐竹氏・蘆名氏など3万の反伊達連合軍と安達郡人取橋で死闘を演じた。
English: The DATE troop had less than one-fifth of soldiers compared to the allied forces, and the troops faced difficulties when a senior retainer Yoshinao ONINIWA was killed in the battle; however, they narrowly withstood against the enemy attacks and made the allied forces withdraw, and consequently Masamune won a victory (the Battle of Hitotoribashi).
Japanese: 数の上で五分の一以下の戦力であった伊達軍は重臣・鬼庭良直を討たれ窮地に立つものの辛くも持ち堪え、反伊達連合軍の撤退により政宗は勝利をおさめた（人取橋の戦い）。
English: Masamune promoted further invasion operations; in 1588, he conquered the territory of the opponent after the victory of the Battle of Koriyama.
Japanese: 政宗は更なる侵攻を行い、天正16年（1588年）に郡山合戦にて相手国の領土を奪う。
English: Receiving the support from the Tamura clan, the parents house of his wife Aihime, Masamune expanded his territory and influence to the middle part of Nakadori region in today's Fukushima Prefecture.
Japanese: 正妻愛姫の実家田村氏の協力を得て、現在の福島県中通り中部にあたる地域まで支配下におく。
English: Kanpaku (a chancellor, a chief advisor to the Emperor) Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI issued a peace edicts to the feudal lords in Kanto and Tohoku regions, intended especially for the Hojo clan in Kanto region and the Date clan in Tohoku region.
Japanese: 関白豊臣秀吉は関東・東北の諸大名、特に関東の北条氏と東北の伊達氏に対して、惣無事令を発令した。
English: In the same year, Masamune intervened in the family conflict of Osaki clan by invading the territory of Osaki clan with 10,000 soldiers, but Masamune was defeated due to the stiff resistance of Osaki clan, the betrayal of his ally Haruuji KUROKAWA, and the weather condition during the battle with a heavy snow.
Japanese: 同年、北方の大崎氏家中の内紛に介入、兵1万を以て攻め入ったものの大崎氏の頑強な抵抗、及び味方であった黒川晴氏の裏切りと大雪により敗北。
English: At the same time, Masamune came close to an explosive situation with his uncle Yoshiaki MOGAMI, but Yoshihime intermediated between them to reconcile their relationship, thus Masamune managed to escape from his predicament.
Japanese: また伯父・最上義光とも一触即発の事態となるが義姫の仲介により和議が成立し窮地を脱した（大崎合戦）。
English: In 1589, Masamune fought against the allied forces of Yoshihiro ASHINA and Satake clan from Aizu region in order to gain supremacy in Tohoku region.
Japanese: 天正17年（1589年）には東北地方の覇権を賭けて会津の蘆名義広・佐竹氏の連合軍と戦う。
English: By the time of this war, Yoshihiro ASHINA had already become one of those many warlords coming under the umbrella of the chancellor Hideyoshi, therefore fighting against Ashina clan meant a defiance against Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 蘆名氏はすでに関白、秀吉傘下の大名となっており、政宗が蘆名氏と戦うことは秀吉への挑戦を意味していた。
English: The troops of Yoshihiro ASHINA consisted of 15,000 soldiers, while the troops of Masamune consisted of 21,000 soldiers; Masamune took up a position on the halfway up the Bandai-san Mountain.
Japanese: 蘆名義広は1万5千の兵を率い、政宗も2万1千を率いて磐梯山の中腹に陣を敷いた。
English: Before and after this battle, feudal lords such as Yoshichika SHIRAKAWA, Akimitsu ISHIKAWA and Tsunetaka IWAKI yielded to Masamune one after another, and served under him.
Japanese: この戦いと前後して、戦国大名・白河義親、石川昭光、岩城常隆が次々と政宗に服属した。
English: By that time, Masamune territorialized the Nakadori region and Aizu region of today's Fukushima Prefecture, the Southern part of Yamagata Prefecture, and the Southern part of Miyagi Prefecture; Masamune acquired one of the largest areas of domain among other warlords in Japan.
Japanese: このとき政宗は現在の福島県の中通り地方と会津地方、及び山形県の南部、宮城県の南部を領し全国的にも屈指の領国規模を築いた。
English: Further to those own domains, Masamune also took control of those local ruling families in Southern Mutsu Province area such as Shirakawa Yuki clan, and the ruling families of today's Miyagi Prefecture to Iwate Prefecture area such as Osaki clan and Kasai clan.
Japanese: これに加え上述の白河結城氏といった南陸奥の諸豪族や、また今の宮城県や岩手県の一部を支配していた大崎氏・葛西氏も政宗の勢力下にあった。
English: Around that time, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI was carrying out the unification process of Japan as a single nation, which he took over from Nobunaga ODA; Masamune strongly opposed to this unification process of Hideyoshi.
Japanese: この頃、中央では豊臣秀吉が織田信長の統一事業を継承しており、政宗は秀吉と鋭く対立した。
English: Several letters were sent from Hideyoshi trying to persuade Masamune to visit Kyoto for swearing allegiance, but Masamune ignored them.
Japanese: 秀吉から上洛して恭順の意を示すよう促す書状が何通か届けられており、政宗はこれを黙殺していた。
English: Masamune had kept the alliance with Gohojo clan formed by his father, Terumune DATE, thus he was irresolute until the last moment whether he should fight against Hideyoshi, or join the Odawara Attack (the war led by Hideyoshi Toyotomi and his allies against Hojo clan).
Japanese: 政宗は父、伊達輝宗の時代から後北条氏と同盟関係にあったため、秀吉と戦うべきか小田原に参陣すべきか、直前まで迷っていた。
English: In 1590, Masamune finally yielded to Hideyoshi considering the number of soldiers making up the troops of Hideyoshi; Hideyoshi acknowledged to secure the fief of Masamune (however, the territory in Aizu region was forfeited, since the invasion of Aizu region was considered as a rebellious act against the order of Hideyoshi; Masamune's territorial land value became 720,000 koku [a unit of volume: rice 1-koku is 180.39 liter, lumber 1-koku is 0.278 cubic meter]).
Japanese: しかし、1590年、秀吉の兵動員数を考慮した政宗は秀吉に服属し、秀吉は政宗の本領を安堵した（ただし、会津領攻略は秀吉の令に反した行為であるとされ、会津領などは没収され、72万石になった）。
English: According to historical records, Hideyoshi threatened Masamune by virtually placing him under restraint for his tardiness at the Odawara Attack; however, upon the demand of explanation from Toshiie MAEDA who came to interrogate him, Masamune unexpectedly responded to ask for the instruction session of tea ceremony from SEN no Rikyu; Hideyoshi marveled at his tactful behavior.
Japanese: 記録ではこのとき小田原攻めに遅参したという理由で秀吉が政宗を事実上監禁して脅したが、政宗は詰問に来た前田利家らに千利休の茶の指導を受けたいと申し出、秀吉らを感嘆させた。
English: After Masamune swore allegiance to Hideyoshi, the ally of Masamune, Ujimasa HOJO and his son Ujinao HOJO also surrendered to Hideyoshi; then Hideyoshi entered Masamune's Kurokawa-jo Castle in Aizu region, and conducted Oshu Shioki (punishment to the powerful warriors in the area of Oshu, to prevent them from strengthening their power).
Japanese: 政宗が秀吉に服属したため、政宗と同盟を結んでいた北条氏政・北条氏直親子は秀吉に降伏し、政宗の居城、会津・黒川城へ入城した秀吉は奥州仕置を行った。
English: It is a commonly-held story that his mother had attempted to poison Masamune before he left to join the troops of Hideyoshi, and Masamune put his younger brother to the sword instead of executing his mother for punishment.
Japanese: 参陣前に母親に毒殺されそうになり、母親を成敗する代わりに弟の伊達政道を斬殺したという説が通説となっている。
English: Although Masamune's mother Yoshihime (Hoshunin) remained at the Date family even after this incident, she suddenly fled to the Yamagata-jo Castle after 4 years of the incident, where her elder brother, Yoshiaki MOGAMI resided (please refer to "Yoshihime" page for further information).
Japanese: 母・義姫（保春院）はその後も伊達家にとどまったが、四年後に実家の兄・最上義光のいる山形城へ突如出奔した（詳細は義姫参照）。
English: In 1591, Masamune subjugated the Kasai-Osaki Ikki (the revolt of the former retainers of the Kasai clan and the Osaki clan) with Ujisato GAMO, but Masamune himself was suspected of provoking the Kasai-Osaki Ikki.
Japanese: 翌天正19年（1591年）には蒲生氏郷とともに葛西大崎一揆を平定するが、政宗自身が葛西大崎一揆を扇動していた嫌疑をかけられる。
English: This suspicion originated from a letter obtained by Ujisato, which was supposed to be "written by Masamune" to the ikki group.
Japanese: これは氏郷が「政宗が書いた」とされる一揆勢宛の書状を入手した事に端を発する。
English: In Kyoto, various rumors were spread that the wife of Masamune sent to Kyoto as a hostage was the double of the real one, or the banners and flags of Masamune were put up at the castle where the ikki group was taking up a position; those rumors had reached the ears of Hideyoshi.
Japanese: また、京都では政宗から京都に人質として差出した夫人は偽者であるとか、一揆勢が立て篭もる城には政宗の幟（のぼり）や旗が立てられているなどの噂が立ち、秀吉の耳にも届いていた。
English: Masamune explained to Hideyoshi that the letter of instigating the ikki revolt was a forgery, then he was forgiven; however, he was order to transfer from the Yoneyama-jo Castle to the Iwate-jo Castle in Tamatsukuri District after the decision to reduce his territory to 580,000 koku; the name of the castle was changed to the Iwadeyama-Jo Castle since then.
Japanese: 一揆扇動の書状は偽物である旨秀吉に弁明し許されるが、米沢城から玉造郡岩手沢城に58万石に減らされての転封となり、城名を岩出山城に変えた。
English: The armored costumes, which Masamune prepared for the troops of the Date clan were extremely gorgeous and splendid that their costume gave people a lot to talk about on the way to Kyoto.
Japanese: 朝鮮出兵時に政宗が伊達家の部隊にあつらえさせた戦装束は非常に絢爛豪華なもので、上洛の道中において盛んに巷間の噂となった。
English: While the residents of Kyoto were quietly observing the passing troops, they cheered for the splendidness of the military uniforms of the Date troops.
Japanese: 他の軍勢が通過する際、静かに見守っていた京都の住民も伊達勢の軍装の見事さに歓声を上げたという。
English: After this event, people began to call "Date mono" (a person as if from the Date troops) for someone who preferred flamboyant style in cloth and wore it skillfully.
Japanese: これ以来派手な装いを好み着こなす人を指して「伊達者（だてもの）」と呼ぶようになった、と伝えられる。
English: It is said that in order to avoid being sent to the foremost front where the possibility of getting damages is higher, Masamune calculated and sought for the position of his troops to be near the headquarter, by applying his troops with the military uniforms, which would please Hideyoshi with showy character.
Japanese: これは、派手好みの秀吉が気に入るような戦装束を自分の部隊に着させることで本陣に近い配置を狙い、損害を受けやすい最前線への配置を避けるよう計算したものと言われる。
English: Under the ruling of Hideyoshi, Masamune was not chosen as the member of the Council of Five Elders because he had allied with Hojo clan and opposed against Hideyoshi, unlike those feudal lords who had served under Hideyoshi from the early stage of the unification process of Japan promoted by Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 豊臣政権においては、秀吉の天下統一事業の際早くから秀吉に服属して五大老に選ばれた大名たちとはことなり、政宗は北条氏と同盟して秀吉と対立したため、五大老には選ばれなかった。
English: In 1595, Kanpaku (a chancellor) Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI committed seppuku (ritual suicide performed by samurai) after he was suspected of treason against Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 文禄4年（1595年）、秀吉から謀反の疑いをかけられた関白豊臣秀次が切腹した。
English: During that time, Komahime, the daughter of Yoshiaki MOGAMI and maternal cousin of Masamune, was executed together with the other wives and children of Hidetsugu just after she arrived in Kyoto to become the concubine of Hidetsugu.
Japanese: この時母方の従姉妹に当たる最上義光の娘・駒姫は、秀次の側室になる為に上京したばかりであったが、秀次の妻子らと共に処刑されてしまう。
English: Masamune was also suspected of taking part in treason, but eventually he was considered not related, escaping from the difficulty of being implicated.
Japanese: 政宗も秀吉から謀反への関与を疑われるも、最終的には無関係であるとされ連座の難を逃れた。
English: After the death of Hideyoshi, one of the Council of Five Elders, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Masamune broke the last will and testament of Hideyoshi, by setting up the engagement between Irohahime, the first daughter of Masamune, and Tadateru MATSUDAIRA, the 6th son of Ieyasu in 1599.
Japanese: 秀吉の死後、五大老・徳川家康と政宗は秀吉の遺言を破り、慶長4年（1599年）、政宗の長女・五郎八姫と家康の6男松平忠輝を婚約させた。
English: After the death of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Ieyasu launched a campaign against Uesugi clan in 1600 upon suspecting the proprietor of Aizu region Kagekatsu UESUGI of treason.
Japanese: 豊臣秀吉死後の慶長5年（1600年）に家康が会津領主・上杉景勝に謀反容疑をかけ、上杉討伐を行った。
English: Masamune joined this campaign, and he captured a subsidiary castle of Uesugi clan Shiroishi-jo Castle defended by TOSAKA shikibu no Katsunori.
Japanese: 正宗は、討伐に従軍して、7月25日に上杉の支城で登坂式部勝乃が守る白石城を陥落させた。
English: While Ieyasu was out on this campaign, one of the members of the Council of Five Elders, Mitsunari ISHIDA raised an army against Ieyasu with Terumoto MORI as a supreme commander.
Japanese: 家康の留守中に五奉行の石田三成らが家康に対して毛利輝元を総大将として挙兵した。
English: At this time, Ieyasu sent a letter to Masamune indicating the reward of a new, additional territory of 490,000 koku value on top of his existing 580,000 koku upon victory ("Assurance of Hyakumangoku [1 million koku]" owned by the Sendai City Museum).
Japanese: この際、家康は政宗に、戦勝の暁には現在の所領58万石に加え、新たに49万石の領土を与えるという内容の書状（「百万石のお墨付き」仙台市博物館・蔵）を送っている。
English: It is considered that Ieyasu gave this "Assurance of Hyakumangoku" (Hyakumangoku meaning 1,000,000 koku of land) to urge the participation of Masamune to his Eastern Army, because his participation to the Eastern Army was critical in order to hold Kagekatsu UESUGI to Aizu region.
Japanese: これは、家康が上杉景勝を会津に釘付けにしておくため、政宗の東軍参加が是非とも必要であったことから、100万石のお墨付きを与え、東軍参加を促したとされる。
English: When the Sekigahara War broke out in September of the same year, Masamune joined the Eastern Army led by Ieyasu; when the troops of Uesugi clan led by Kanetsugu NAOE attacked the Yamagata-jo Castle where Mogami family resides, Masamune sent reinforcements led by his deputy, Masakage RUSU for Mogami clan (the Battle of Hasedo-jo Castle).
Japanese: 同年9月、関ヶ原の戦いになると、家康ら東軍に属した政宗は、上杉氏の将直江兼続率いる軍が最上氏居城山形城を攻撃すると、留守政景を名代として最上に援軍を派遣した（長谷堂城の戦い）。
English: Once Masamune learned that Kanetsugu NAOE had gone back to Yonezawa after the Battle of Hasedo-jo Castle, he launched a campaign to the Sendo area, and on October 6, Masamune defeated the troops of Uesugi led by Sigenaga HONJO at Miyashiro.
Japanese: 政宗は長谷堂城の戦い後、直江兼続が米沢に帰ったのを見て取ると、仙道方面への侵略を開始、10月6日宮代で本庄繁長の上杉軍を破った。
English: Moreover, the troops of Date clan besieged the Fukushima-jo Castle, while the troops withdrew on the following day of the siege because of the strong defense of the castle (the Battle of Miyashiroomote, while Uesugi clan called this battle as the Battle of Matsugaoka).
Japanese: 伊達軍は更に福島城を囲んだが、城の防御は堅く、翌日には撤退した（宮代表合戦、上杉家俗称松川の戦い）。
English: After the Battle of Sekigahara, a scheme of Masamune was exposed that he secretly ordered Munenao SHROISHI to support Tadachika WAGA for instigating ikki (uprising of peasant) in the territory of Nanbu clan (The uprising troops were defeated in April, 1601).
Japanese: 戦後、政宗が密かに白石宗直に支援させて、南部氏領国で和賀忠親に一揆を煽動させていた策略が発覚した（一揆軍は翌慶長6年4月に敗北）。
English: Ieyasu took this "Waga incident" seriously, and he declared a thorough investigation regarding the incident; he annulled the promissory note of adding 490,000 koku, that is, to allow Masamune for acquiring hyakumangoku (1 million koku).
Japanese: この「和賀一件」を重く見た家康は、事件追及の構えを見せ、49万石加増、すなわち計100万石の約束手形を反故にした。
English: In the end, the rewards granted to Masamune were limited to the permission of establishing Sendai Domain, along with the territorial gain of 20,000 koku by adding Katta District (Shiroishi) in Mutsu Province; his territorial land value became 600,000 koku in total (later, he acquired additional small and scattered territories in Omi Province and Hitachi Province, making his territorial land value to 620,000 koku in total).
Japanese: 結果的に政宗への恩賞は、仙台開府の許可と陸奥国刈田郡（白石）合わせて2万石の加増のみにとどまり、領地は60万石となった（後に近江国と常陸国に小領土の飛び地2万石の加増で62万石となる）。
English: In 1601, Masamune started the construction of the Sendai-jo Castle and its castle town; later he moved to the Sendai-jo Castle.
Japanese: 慶長6年（1601年）には仙台城、仙台城下町の建設をはじめ、居城を移す。
English: The territorial land value of Sendai Domain was the third highest in Japan for its 620,000 koku value, next to Kaga Domain of Maeda clan and Satsuma Domain of Shimazu clan; however, this figure was a face value, and the actual land value of Sendai Domain was estimated to exceed well over 1,000,000 koku.
Japanese: 仙台藩・62万石(単位)は加賀・前田氏、薩摩・島津氏に次ぐ全国第3位であるが、それは表高であり、仙台藩の実高は優に100万石を越えていたといわれる。
English: The Sendai-jo Castle was a mountain castle with a defense system utilizing the natural topography of the mountain, while the construction of the castle town at the foot of the Sendai-jo Castle became a full-scale construction mobilizing 1 million people in total for the comprehensive development throughout the area.
Japanese: 仙台城は山城で天然の地形を利用した防御であるものの、仙台城下の城下町は全面的な開発であるため、のべ百万人を動員した大工事となった。
English: Masamune came up with a project plan to open trade between Sendai Domain and Spain (a trading oversea via Pacific Ocean); in 1613, Masamune built a galleon ship within Sendai Domain with the cooperation of Sebastián Vizcaíno, the envoy of the King of Spain, Felipe III, which was then named as San Juan Bautista.
Japanese: 伊達政宗は仙台藩とスペインとの通商（太平洋貿易）を企図し、1613年（慶長18年）、仙台領内において、スペイン帝国国王フェリペ3世(スペイン王)の使節セバスティアン・ビスカイノの協力によってガレオン船・サン・フアン・バウティスタ号を建造した。
English: Once Masamune obtained an approval of Ieyasu, he appointed Luis Sotelo as the ambassador of the delegation, and dispatched over 180 people including his retainer Tsunenaga HASEKURA to Viceroyalty of New Spain (Mexico), Spain and Rome (Keicho era mission to Europe).
Japanese: 政宗は家康の承認を得ると、ルイス・ソテロを外交使節に任命し、家臣・支倉常長ら一行180余人をヌエバ・エスパーニャ（メキシコ）、エスパーニャ、およびローマへ派遣した（慶長遣欧使節）。
English: During the Siege of Osaka in 1614, Shigenaga KATAKURA felled Mototsugu GOTO, while he even withstood against the offensive movements of Nobushige (Yukimura) SANADA and greatly contributed to the victory.
Japanese: 慶長19年（1614年）の大坂の役では、片倉重長が後藤基次らを討ち取り、真田信繁（幸村）の攻勢を受けて立つなど大きな功があった。
English: Once the social conditions calmed and settled, Masamune mainly put of his effort on the development of his territory lands, and he developed Teizan-bori Canal since then.
Japanese: 世情が落ち着いてからは、もっぱら領国の開発に力を入れ、後に貞山堀と呼ばれる運河を整備した。
English: As the result of this development, Sendai Domain achieved the actual yield of rice crop in the amount of 1,000,000 koku, while the reported face value based on the original territory condition was 620,000 koku.
Japanese: この結果、仙台藩は表高62万石に対し、実高100万石を越える米の生産量を確保した。
English: In terms of the cultural development, Masamune actively introduced the Kyoto and its vicinity cultures by inviting technical experts, artisans and carpenters, and created a style based on the solemn and splendid Momoyama style with the mixture of those qualities found in northern regions; Masamune left various buildings such as Osaki Hachiman-gu Shrine and Zuigan-ji Temple that are designated as the national treasures today, and Shiogama-jinja Shrine and Mutsu Kokubun-ji Temple.
Japanese: 文化的には上方の文化を積極的に導入し、技師・大工らの招聘を行い、桃山文化に特徴的な荘厳華麗さに北国の特性が加わった様式を生み出し、国宝の大崎八幡宮、瑞巌寺、また塩竈神社、陸奥国分寺などの建造物を残した。
English: Masamune invited Magobe KAWAMURA, a technical expert in Omi Province, and constructed the Port of Ishinomaki at the mouth of the Kitakami-gawa River.
Japanese: さらに近江在住の技師・川村孫兵衛を招き、北上川の河口に石巻港を設けた。