nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: He formed the core of a military force of the Taira clan; when the Taira clan confined Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa in June 1180, he protected the Imperial Palace leading his followers.
Japanese: 平氏の軍事力の中核のひとつでもあり、1180年（治承4年）6月、平氏による後白河天皇幽閉時、郎党を率い御所の警護を行う。
English: Next year in February, he fought with Takanao KIKUCHI from the Higo Province in the Chinzei Rebellion caused by the anti-Taira clan factions in Kyushu.
Japanese: 翌年2月、九州における反平氏の鎮西反乱で肥後の菊池隆直らと合戦する。
English: It is said that when the Taira clan fled from Kyoto in August 1183, he offered his private residence as Emperor Antoku's temporary palace ("Heike Monogatari" [the Tale of the Heike] "Chikuzen no kuni shoku fudoki" [Continuation of the Topography of Chikuzen Province])
Japanese: また、1183年（寿永2年）8月平氏都落ちの際には私邸を安徳天皇の仮皇居にしたと伝えられる（『平家物語』『筑前国続風土記』）。
English: In February 1185, his younger brother Atsutane died in the Battle of Ashiyaura against MINAMOTO no Noriyori's forces.
Japanese: 1185年（文治元年）2月、源範頼軍との葦屋浦の戦いで戦い、弟敦種が討ち死にした。
English: In February the same year, he was defeated in the Battle of Yashima against MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune's forces and the Battle of Dan-no-ura in March the same year; his territories were confiscated as the Taira clan's property by the bakufu.
Japanese: 同年2月、源義経軍との屋島の戦い、同年3月、壇ノ浦の戦いに敗北し、平家没官領として領地を没収された。
English: He was confined in the Kanto region (another version tells Ogigayatsu); however, he was discharged in 1190 and was given territories in Itonosho district, Chikuzen Province, as Gokenin (an immediate vassal of the Kamakura bakufu).
Japanese: 関東（一説には扇ヶ谷）に幽閉されるも1190年（建久元年）赦免、御家人として筑前国怡土庄に領地を与えられる。
English: The major six families of Chinzei Okura Ason (a high-ranking official and courtier in Kyushu) such as the Harada, Hatae, Akizuki, Egami, Hara, and Takahashi clans were promoted to Kokujin ryoshu (a local samurai lord) and Daimyo (a feudal lord); however, they went to rack and ruin because of "the Kyusyu Conquest" by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: 鎮西大蔵朝臣六家（原田氏、波多江氏、秋月氏、江上氏、原氏、高橋氏）といわれる家々を中心に国人領主、大名に成長するも、豊臣秀吉の「九州征伐」により没落。
English: Seven wise men in Saga was a general name of seven great men of Saga, who made remarkable services in the end of Edo Period (the last days of Tokugawa Shogunate) to Meiji period.
Japanese: 佐賀の七賢人（さがのしちけんじん）は、江戸時代末期（幕末）から明治時代にかけて活躍した、佐賀藩（今の佐賀県）出身の偉人七人の総称である。
English: He took offices as the Governor of Tokyo Prefecture in 1868, the first Minister of Education in 1871, Sangi and Shihokyo (administrator of Ministry of Justice) in 1873, and the chairman of Genroin (the Chamber of Elders) (Japan) in 1880.
Japanese: 1868年に東京府知事、1871年に初代文部大臣、1873年に参議、司法卿、1880年に元老院(日本)議長に就任。
English: In 1869, he was appointed a chief judge of Hokkaido Development Commissioner, and took charge of the boosting local development in Sapporo City.
Japanese: 1869年に北海道開拓使主席判官に就任し、札幌市のまちづくりの指揮をとる。
English: He took offices as Sangi in 1869, the Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1871, and Minister of Home Affairs (Japan) in 1892.
Japanese: 1869年に参議、1871年に外務大臣、1892年に内務大臣(日本)に就任。
English: Influenced by Shigeyoshi NABESHIMA, the feudal lord of Takeo, he adapted kaimei (enlightenment) policy and in 1834, he founded Igakukan (medical school) in the castle town of Saga-jo Castle.
Japanese: 武雄領主鍋島茂義の影響を受け開明政策を採用し、1834年に佐賀城下に医学館を建てる。
English: (Later the Igakukan changed its name to Koseikan and became a prototype of the present Saga Prefectural hospital Koseikan.)
Japanese: （この後好生館と名を変え、今の佐賀県立病院好生館の原型となっている。)
English: In 1869, he was appointed a director of Hokkaido Development Commissioner but he died in 1871 without visiting the place of his appointment.
Japanese: 1869年に北海道開拓使長官となるが任地に赴くことなく1871年死去。
English: There is a guidebook about the seven wise men in Saga by Hiroshi FUKUOKA "Bakumatsu (the last days of Tokugawa Shogunate) Restoration in Saga: The life of eight wise men" (Shutsumondo Publisher), which also included descriptions of Fukushima's real elder brother Shinyo EDAYOSHI in addition to those of the seven wise men.
Japanese: なお案内書に、副島の実兄の枝吉神陽を加えた福岡博『佐賀の幕末維新八賢伝』（出門堂）がある。
English: Also there is "Literary remains of Shinyo EDAYOSHI sensei (teacher): Publication celebrating 150th Senza-sai Festival (Festival for transfer of a Shinto shrine) of Kusunoki-jinja Shrine", which was a compilation of Ryuzoji Hachiman-gu Shrine and Kusunoki-jinja Shrine, published from the same Shutsumondo Publisher.
Japanese: また同じ出門堂で、龍造寺八幡宮、楠神社編で『枝吉神陽先生遺稿　楠神社御遷座百五十年祭記念出版』がある。
English: He possessed Sasakinosho (Sasaki's estate) in Gamo District, Omi Province; his aunt married FUJIWARA no Hidehira, and he himself took a daughter of MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi to his wife.
Japanese: 近江国蒲生郡佐々木荘を領し、秀義の伯母は藤原秀衡に嫁ぎ、自身は源為義の娘を妻としている。
English: In the Hogen War in which Cloistered Emperor Sutoku fought with Emperor Goshirakawa, Hideyoshi fought under MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo on the Emperor's side, and won the battle.
Japanese: 保元元年（1156年）に崇徳天皇と後白河天皇が争った保元の乱で、秀義は天皇方の源義朝に属して勝利した。
English: In the Heiji War of 1159, he also fought under Yoshitomo, following Akugenta (by-name) MINAMOTO no Yoshihira, Yoshitomo's eldest son; however, the Yoshitomo's side was defeated, and he fled to Oshu, asking Hidehira, his aunt's husband, for help.
Japanese: 平治元年（1159年）の平治の乱でも義朝に属し、義朝の長男である悪源太源義平に従い戦うが、義朝方は敗れ、伯母の夫である秀衡を頼って奥州へと落ち延びる。
English: On the way, Shigekuni SHIBUYA kept him at the Sagami Province to give him shelter; he married Shibuya's daughter, having children including Yoshikiyo (fifth son), and remained in Shibuyanosho (Shibuya's estate) for 20 years.
Japanese: 途中、相模国の渋谷重国に引き止められ、その庇護を受け娘を娶り五男の義清をもうけ、20年を渋谷荘に送った。
English: When MINAMOTO no Yoritomo raised an army against the Taira clan in the Izu Province in 1180, he heard an alleged plot to topple Yoritomo from Kagechika OBA, a retainer of the Ise-Heishi (Taira clan); he sent his son Sadatsuna to inform Yoritomo of the impending danger.
Japanese: 治承4年（1180年）に源頼朝が伊豆国で平氏打倒の兵を挙げる際、伊勢平氏の家人大庭景親から頼朝討伐の密事を聞き、子の定綱を使いに出して頼朝に危急を知らせる。
English: He made Sadatsuna, Tsunetaka, Moritsuna, and Takatsuna join the forces of Yoritomo; for this reason, he was approved of his right to have an inherited estate and returned to Sasakinosho.
Japanese: 定綱、経高、盛綱、高綱を頼朝挙兵に従わせ、その功により本領を安堵され、佐々木荘へと戻る。
English: In Mikka Heishi no ran (the three-day rebellion of the Taira clan) in July 1184 (Heian period), he set out to subdue the rebellion with his youngest son Yoshikiyo.
Japanese: 元暦元年（1184年）7月の三日平氏の乱(平安時代)において、末子の佐々木義清と共に反乱鎮圧に赴いた。
English: In Ueno village, Koga District, he fought against the survivors of the Heike clan of the Iga and Ise Provinces led by TAIRA no Ietsugu and TAIRA no Nobukane respectively; he defeated more than 90 people, but died at the battle.
Japanese: 平家継・平信兼らの率いる伊賀国・伊勢国の平家方残党と甲賀郡上野村で戦い90余人を討った後、戦死した。
English: He was a younger brother-uterine of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo and his younger sister-uterine was the lawful wife of Yoshiyasu ICHIJO, Princess Bomon.
Japanese: 源頼朝の同母弟で、同母姉妹に一条能保室の坊門姫(一条能保室)がいる。
English: After his father and his oldest brother died during the Heiji War in 1159, he was taken to the Imperial Court by his maternal uncle, FUJIWARA no Noritada, in Kanuki in Suruga Province (present day Kanuki-cho, Numazu City, Shizuoka Prefecture).
Japanese: 平治元年（1159年）の平治の乱で父兄が死亡した後、駿河国香貫（現静岡県沼津市香貫町）にて母方の伯父の藤原範忠によって朝廷に差し出された。
English: On March 11, 1160, the same day when his brother, Yoritomo, was exiled to Izu, he was exiled to Keranosho in Tosa Province (present day Kera, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture).
Japanese: 兄頼朝が伊豆へ配流になった日と同日の永暦元年（1160年）3月11日土佐国介良荘（現高知県高知市介良）に流罪となる。
English: In August 1180, the Heike clan issued an order to track down and kill Mareyoshi because they felt doubts that Mareyoshi might support his brother, Yoritomo, in response to Yoritomo's uprising against the Heike clan.
Japanese: 治承4年（1180年）8月の兄頼朝の挙兵を受けて、希義に合力の疑いがあるとして平家により希義の追討令が出された。
English: It is said that although Mareyoshi tried to ask help to dogo (a local clan), Yukimune YASU, before he carried out it, he was detected by kenin (retainers) of TAIRA no Shigemori, Ietsuna HASUIKE and Toshio HIRATA, encountered a surprise attack, and was killed (The Twenty Fifth Day of the Ninth Month of the First Year of Juei in "Azuma Kagami" [The Mirror of the East]).
Japanese: 希義は土豪の夜須行宗を頼ろうとするが、平重盛の家人である蓮池家綱・平田俊遠に事前に察知され、奇襲を受けて討ち取られたという（『吾妻鏡』寿永元年9月25日条）。
English: It is said that Mareyoshi's priestly teacher, Rinyu-shonin (Rinyu priest), who came from Tosa Province, claimed Mareyoshi's body which was discarded without holding a funeral service because people were afraid to do it under the eye of the Heike clan, and Rinyu-shonin held a memorial service.
Japanese: 希義の師僧であった土佐国の琳猷上人は、平家の目を恐れて葬儀もされずうち捨てられていた希義の死体を引き取って供養したという。
English: On March 27, 1185, hanging Mareyoshi's benpitsu (the hair on the sides of the head) from his neck, Rinyu-shonin visited Kamakura and met Yoritomo.
Japanese: 文治元年（1185年）3月27日、上人は希義の鬢髪を首にかけて鎌倉を訪れ、頼朝と対面した。
English: Yoritomo gave unreserved praise to Rinyu-shonin, saying that "Your visit is as if the dead Mareyoshi's spirit visited me again."
Japanese: 頼朝は「上人がおいでになった事は、亡き希義の魂が再び訪ねてきた事のようです」と賛辞を尽くした。
English: According to "Heiji Monogatari," in 1880, under siege by the forces of the Heike clan who had received the report that Yoritomo raised his army, Mareyoshi killed himself after he performed a Buddhist memorial service for his father, Yoshitomo.
Japanese: 治承4年頼朝の挙兵の報を受けた平家方勢力によって包囲された希義が父義朝の為の仏事を行ってから自害した、となっている。
English: Some say that in 1880, Mareyoshi was trying to establish his own territory for anti-Heike force in the southern sea by working in alliance with the forces such as Kumano who had power over the sea.
Japanese: また、治承4年頃希義は熊野などの海上勢力と提携して南海に独自の反平家勢力圏を構築する動きを取っていた見る説もある。
English: Grieved deeply over his brother's death, Yoritomo, an older brother-uterine of Mareyoshi, dispatched a massive army and annihilated the enemies, such as Hasuike and Hirata.
Japanese: 同母兄である頼朝はその死をいたく悲しみ、大軍を派遣して蓮池・平田らを殲滅した。
English: Yoritomo also supported an orphaned child of Mareyoshi, MINAMOTO no Mare, and gave him Kiraso (present day Haruno-cho, Kochi City, Kochi Prefecture).
Japanese: さらに希義の遺児・源希望を取り立てて吉良荘（現高知県高知市春野町）を下賜。
English: It is said that a descendant was one of the seven local ruling families in Tosa Province, the Kira clan (the Tosa-Kira clan), who lived during the Warring States period.
Japanese: その末裔が戦国時代(日本)の土佐七豪族の一・吉良氏（土佐吉良氏）となったと伝わる。
English: The exact date cannot be found in "Sonpi Bunmyaku" (a text compiled in the 14th century that records the lineages of the aristocracy) and "Heiji Monogatari" (The Tale of Heiji), but there's a description that he was killed in 1180.
Japanese: 『尊卑分脈』『平治物語』月日は特定できないものの治承4年に殺害されているとの記載がある。
English: Some say that he was tracked down and killed himself on September 8, 1180.
Japanese: 治承4年8月17日(旧暦)（1180年9月8日）に追討を受けて自害したとの説もある。
English: MINAMOTO no Yoshikado (year of birth and death unknown), who lived during the late Heian Period, was the fourth son of MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, the head of the Seiwa-Genji clan (the Minamoto clan originated from Emperor Seiwa).
Japanese: 源義門（みなもとのよしかど、生没年不詳）は、平安時代末期の清和源氏の棟梁源義朝の四男。
English: Yoshikado was the immediate younger brother of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, and according to "Keizu sanyo" (The Entire Compilation of Genealogical Tables in Edo Period), Yoshikado and Yoritomo were children of the same mother, a daughter of FUJIWARA no Suenori; however, it has not yet to be found a material of the same period which proves the information.
Japanese: 源頼朝のすぐ下の弟であり、『系図纂要』によれば母は頼朝と同じ藤原季範の娘とされているが、同時代的にそれを裏付ける資料は確認されていない。
English: Judging from the fact that Yoshikado was appointed to a government post in the Department of the Imperial Household, it is thought that he was alive when the forces of Yoshitomo occupied the Imperial Palace temporarily during the Heiji War, installed to the government position at the time, and died when the Genji clan was defeated soon after the event (Source: "Seiwa-Genji no Zen Kakei" [The Whole Family Tree of Seiwa-Genji] by Takayuki OKUTOMI).
Japanese: ただ宮内丞の官職に任じられていることから、平治の乱で一時的に義朝軍が内裏を占拠した際には存命しており、その際に任官したのではないか、そして直後の源氏軍敗北の中において戦死したのではないか、などと推測されている（出典・奥富敬之著「清和源氏の全家系」）。
English: Kentaro KANEKO (March 13, 1853 - May 16, 1942) was a bureaucrat and a politician in the Meiji period.
Japanese: 金子堅太郎（かねこけんたろう、1853年3月13日（嘉永6年2月4日(旧暦)）-1942年（昭和17年）5月16日）は、明治期の官僚・政治家。
English: He was the first head of Nihon Law School (currenlty Nihon University) and a principal of Nishogakusha school (Nishogakusha University).
Japanese: 日本法律学校（現日本大学）初代校長、二松学舎専門学校（二松學舍大学）舎長。
English: Moreover, during the Russo-Japanese War, he went to the United States of America to conduct diplomatic negotiations and enact strategies to bring an end to the war that would favor Japan.
Japanese: また、日露戦争においては、アメリカ合衆国に渡り日本の戦争遂行を有利にすべく外交交渉・外交工作を行った。
English: He was the first head of Nihon Law School (currently Nihon University) and greatly contributed to the foundation of Senshu University (Senshu School at that time).
Japanese: 日本法律学校（日本大学の前身）初代校長、また専修大学（当時の専修学校）創立に携わった大いなる協力者。
English: He learned law at Harvard Law School, and he got deeply involved in founding and running Senshu School after returning to Japan.
Japanese: ハーバード大学法学部で法律を学び、帰国後、専修学校の立案・運営に深く参画した。
English: Afterwards, he devoted himself to promoting Japan-U.S. friendship, and, in his later years, he deeply concerned about the Pacific Wars.
Japanese: その後、日米友好のために尽力して、晩年には太平洋戦争を憂慮していた。
English: He heard about Edmund Burke in remarks of Senator Charles Sumner when he was at Harvard.
Japanese: ハーバード時代に上院議員チャールズ・サムナーの発言からエドマンド・バークの存在を知る。
English: He submitted the government a petition about reclamation of Hokkaido, proposing to engage the prisoners of the Abashiri prison in reclamation and road construction works.
Japanese: 北海道の開拓に関する建白書を政府に建議した際、網走集治監（網走刑務所）の囚人（思想犯多数）を開拓や道路建設に従事させるように提案。
English: He was born on February 4, 1853, in Aza Yontanda, Torikai Village, Sawara County, Chikuzen Province (present-day Toorikai, Chuo Ward Fukuoka City), as the first son of Kiyozonaomichi KANEKO, a feudal retainer and accountant of kanjosho (finance ministry).
Japanese: 1853年（嘉永6年）2月4日、福岡藩士勘定所附・金子清蔵直道の長男として、筑前国早良郡鳥飼村字四反田（現在の福岡市中央区鳥飼）に生まれる。
English: He studied under Kazuzo KANEYAMA in 1860, and Shoyo MASAKI in 1861.
Japanese: 1860年(万延1年)　金山和蔵、次いで翌1861年(文久1年)、正木昌陽に師事。
English: Since Seizo's samurai status was on a lifelong basis, Kentaro lost the status and was assigned to Jutegumi (military unit of gunners).
Japanese: 清蔵は1代限りの生涯士分であったため、士籍を失い銃手組に編入される。
English: In February 1869, he was granted the permanent samurai status because of his outstanding achievements in Shugakukan, and was ordered to go to study in Akizuki Domain.
Japanese: 1869年（明治2年）2月、修猷館での成績が優秀であることから永代士分に列せられ、秋月藩へ遊学を命ぜられる。
English: In January 1871, he was admitted to a private school of Chinese classics run by Masahira FUJINO, Daisanji (second to a governor) of Matsuyama domain and former professor of Shoheiko (Shohei School).
Japanese: 1871年（明治4年）1月、元昌平黌中博士で松山藩大参事・藤野正啓の漢学塾に所属。
English: In November of the same year, he became a retinue of Feudal Lord Nagatomo KURODA, who joined the Tomomi IWAKURA Mission to Europe and the US, and went to study in the US.
Japanese: 同年11月、岩倉具視欧米使節団に同行した藩主黒田長知の随行員となり、アメリカ留学。
English: He studied under lawyer Oliver Wendell Holmes (later a professor of Harvard university and the Supreme Court justice of Massachusetts State, then the Associate Justice) and also worked for study in a law firm run jointly by Henry Swift and Russell Clay.
Japanese: 弁護士オリヴァー・ウェンデル・ホームズ(後にハーバード大学教授、マサチュウセッツ州最高裁判事、その後、連邦最高裁判事)に師事し、ヘンリー・スイフトとラスル・クレイの共同法律事務所に通い勉強する。
English: He entered Harvard University in October of the same year and graduated in June 1878.
Japanese: 同年10月、ハーバード大学入学（1878年（明治11年）6月卒業）。
English: He shared loggings and worked hard with Jutaro KOMURA, a fellow student at University, and he also associates with well-known politicians, congress people, writers, philosophers and journalists off campus.
Japanese: 同じハーバード大学に入学した小村寿太郎と同宿し勉学に励むとともに、この頃、学外では著名な政治家、議員、文学者、哲学者、ジャーナリストと交際。
English: He spoke by telephone with Shuji IZAWA, who was also a foreign exchange student; they are the first Japanese in history to use telephones.
Japanese: また留学生仲間の伊沢修二とともに日本人として初めて電話を使っている。
English: In those days, he belonged to Kyozondoshu and Omeisha and was actively involved in the civil rights movement; he wrote a paper about the Anglo-American legal system, proposed the adoption of the juror system, drew up a draft constitution, and made speeches at both oratorical and lecture meetings.
Japanese: この頃、共存同衆や嚶鳴社に所属し、英米法制度に関する論文作成、陪審員制度の提案、憲法私案の作成、演説会・講演会での講演など活発に民権運動を行う。
English: In January 1880, he was employed at Genroin (the Chamber of Elders) through the introduction of fellow members of Omeisha--Sukeyuki KAWAZU, secretary of Genroin, and Morikazu NUMA, former senior secretary of Genroin.
Japanese: 1880年（明治13年）1月、嚶鳴社の同志・河津祐之元老院書記官・沼間守一元老院権大書記官の紹介で元老院に雇われる。
English: In those days, he was encouraged by Genroin Vice-chairman Takayuki SASAKI's.to outline the theories of conservative politics mainly on Edmund Burke's theory into a book titled "Seijigairon" (outline of politics).
Japanese: この頃、元老院副議長佐々木高行に勧められ、エドマンド・バークを中心とした保守政治理論をまとめ『政治論略』を著す。
English: He also got involved in the establishment of Senshu School (Present-day Senshu University), which was founded in September 1880.
Japanese: また、1880年9月に創立した専修学校（現在の専修大学）の設立に携わった。
English: He went to the US to study law at Harvard., like Tanetaro MEGATA and Nagatane SOMA.
Japanese: 目賀田種太郎や相馬永胤と同じくアメリカに留学し、ハーバードで法律を学んた。
English: He was involved in Hokkaido colonization assets scandal in 1881 and Meiji juyonen no seihen (the failed Meiji-14 coup of 1881).
Japanese: 1881年（明治13年）開拓使官有物払下げ事件、明治十四年の政変に関与
English: In April 1884, he assumed concurrently Daijokan (Grand Council of State), Senior Executive Secretary of Genroin (the Chamber of Elders), and Goyo-gakari (a general affairs official) of Bureau of Institutional Investigation.
Japanese: 1884年（明治17年）4月、太政官権大書記官兼元老院権大書記官、制度取調局御用掛。
English: In 1885, he visited Hokkaido and proposed a petition about its reclamation.
Japanese: 1885年（明治18年）北海道視察の後、開拓に関する建白書を政府に建議。
English: In May 1886, he worked with INOUE, Miyoji ITO et al., to draft the constitution and the Imperial House Act, and legal codes under Prime Minister Hirobumi ITO.
Japanese: 1886年（明治19年）5月、伊藤博文内閣総理大臣のもとで井上毅、伊東巳代治らとともに憲法・皇室典範、諸法典の起草にあたる。
English: He became the first head of Nihon Law School (currently Nihon University) (and resigned in 1893).
Japanese: 日本法律学校（日本大学の前身）初代校長就任（1893年（明治26年）辞任）。
English: In June 1892, he attended the international conference in Geneva, Switzerland as a member of International Public Law Society.
Japanese: 1892年（明治25年）6月、国際公法学会会員としてスイス・ジュネーブでの国際会議に出席。
English: In May 1899, he visited the US and received an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree (LLD) from Harvard University for distinguished services, such as the establishment of the Constitution.
Japanese: 1899年（明治32年）5月、渡米し、ハーバード大学から憲法制定等の功績により名誉法学博士号(L.L.D)を受ける。
English: After the return, he released "Interests of Trust," "U.S. Economy and Industrial Bank of Japan," based on the findings of his investigations during his visit to the US.
Japanese: 帰国後、渡米中に調査したことをまとめて「トラストの利害」「米国経済と日本興業銀行」等を発表。
English: In February 1904, he visited the US and had diplomatic talks with President Theodore Roosevelt (who had been contemporarily at Harvard University) about the Russo-Japanese War (and returned to Japan in October of the following year).
Japanese: 1904年（明治37年）2月、渡米し、日露戦争についてセオドア・ルーズベルト大統領（ハーバード大学時代の学友）と交渉（翌年10月帰国）。
English: In 1915, he became the President of Editorial Office for compiling "Meiji Tenno ki" and the President of an association to compile historical materials of the Restoration
Japanese: 1915年（大正4年）「明治天皇紀」編纂局総裁、維新史料編纂会総裁。
English: He was listed as a promoter of Suiseki OHASHI Exhibition held by Japan Art Association in Ueno Tokyo in 1927.
Japanese: 1927年（昭和2年）東京上野日本美術協会で大橋翠石百幅展の発起人として開催する
English: In 1932, he became the principal of Nishogakusha school (later Nishogakusha University).
Japanese: 1932年（昭和5年）二松学舎専門学校（二松學舍大学の前身）舎長に就任。
English: In 1938, he was awarded a higher title of Hakushaku (count) for his services to "Meiji Tenno ki,." which had been completed in the previous year.
Japanese: 1938年（昭和13年）前年の「明治天皇紀」完成の功により伯爵に昇爵。
English: He worked with Toyohiko KAGAWA (engaged in a social movement), Takechiyo MATSUDA (a parliamentarian of Rikken Minsei-to political party, who became the Chairman of House of Representatives after the Second World War), Takeo MIKI (a parliamentarian who became the Prime Minister after the Second World War), etc. to found "Japan-U.S. Fellow Association," and he became the first chairman.
Japanese: 賀川豊彦（社会運動家）・松田竹千代（立憲民政党代議士。戦後、衆議院議長）・三木武夫（代議士。戦後、首相）らとともに「日米同志会」を立ち上げて会長となる。
English: May 16, 1942, he passed away (at the age of 89) and was awarded Juichii (Junior First Rank) and Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum.
Japanese: 1942年（昭和17年）5月16日、永眠（89歳）、従一位大勲位菊花大綬章。
English: Hidemitsu AKECHI was a Japanese military commander during the time from the Sengoku period (period of warring states of Japan) to the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 明智秀満（あけちひでみつ）は、戦国時代(日本)から安土桃山時代の武将。
English: The origin of Hidemitsu is unclear in many aspects, but in history books and war chronicles, he was often described as Mitsuharu AKECHI (Mitsuyasu AKECHI's son) who was a cousin of Mitsuhide AKECHI.
Japanese: 秀満の出自は不明瞭な点が多いが、歴史書や軍記物の記述では明智光秀の従弟にあたる明智光春（明智光安の子）と同一視される事が多い。
English: In recent years, one theory has had it that he was a different person from Mitsuharu AKECHI with confusing achievements and the other theory has had it that Mitsuharu AKECHI was a fictitious person created based on Hidemitsu.
Japanese: 近年では明智光春とは事跡の混同した別人とする説や、明智光春が秀満を基にして作られた架空の人物とする説が浮上している。
English: Furthermore, Mitsuharu AKECHI is not found in high-grade historical materials, whereas Hidemitsu can be found.
Japanese: なお明智光春の名は高級な史料には見られず、秀満の名は確認する事ができる。
English: Since he called himself Yaheiji MIYAKE, one theory exists that he was from the Miyake clan and some say that Izumo MIYAKE (三宅出雲) was his father.
Japanese: 秀満が三宅弥平次と名乗っていた事から出自が三宅氏であるとの説も存在し、三宅出雲を実父とするものもある。
English: Actually, Mitsuhide AKECHI's second daughter, who was Hidemitsu's wife, was an adopted daughter from Mitsukado AKECHI and therefore, it can be interpreted as meaning that he succeeded as the head of his wife's parental family.
Japanese: 一方で、秀満の妻である明智光秀の次女は実は養女で、実は明智光廉の娘であり、妻の実家を継いだとの解釈もできるという。
English: According to the "Ena Sosho" written by Naosuke ABE (阿部直輔) in the Meiji period, Mitsuyasu AKECHI, Mitsuharu AKECHI's father as well as Mitsuhide AKECHI's uncle, was identified as Kageyuki TOYAMA, the lord of the Akechi-jo Castle in Mino Province.
Japanese: 明治期に阿部直輔によって書かれた『恵那叢書』によると、明智光春の父で明智光秀の叔父にあたる明智光安が美濃国明知城主である遠山景行と同一人物とされている。
English: Based on the theory, there is speculation that Kageharu TOYAMA, Kageyuki TOYAMA's son, might be the same person as Mitsuharu AKECHI and Mitsuharu AKECHI might be Hidemitsu.
Japanese: それを参考にして遠山景行の子である遠山景玄が明智光春と同一人物、そして明智光春が秀満ではないかとの説が出されている。
English: Kageharu TOYAMA died in the Battle of Kamimura in 1572, but according to the theory, it is inconsistent with historical materials and inaccurate.
Japanese: 遠山景玄は元亀3年（1572年）上村合戦で戦死しているが、この説によると史料の不整合もあり誤伝であるという。
English: Kageyuki TOYAMA's wife was a daughter of Takasada MIYAKE, the lord of the Hirose-jo Castle in Mikawa Province, and it supports the theory that he succeeded as the head of the Miyake clan, which Kageharu TOYAMA's mother came from.
Japanese: また遠山景行の妻が三河国広瀬城主三宅高貞の娘であるため、遠山景玄の母に相当する三宅氏の跡を継いだという補説もある。
English: In 1578, Hidemitsu married the Mitsuhide's second daughter (actually Mitsukado AKECHI's daughter who was called Kawate (革手) or Orin (お倫) in stories, but her real name unknown) to be a lawful wife.
Japanese: 天正6年（1578年）頃、秀満は光秀の次女（実際は明智光廉の娘、物語では革手、お倫などとされるが実名は定かでない）を正室に迎える。
English: The Mitsuhide's second daughter married Muratsugu ARAKI, the legitimate son of Murashige ARAKI, but divorced him due to Murashige's rebellion against Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 光秀の次女は荒木村重の嫡男荒木村次に嫁いでいたが、村重が織田信長に謀反を起こしたため離縁されていた。
English: Then, Hidemitsu claimed the Akechi clan, which can be clarified in writing in May, 1582.
Japanese: その後、秀満は明智氏を名乗るが、それを文書的に確認できるのは、天正10年4月である。
English: In 1582, he attacked the Honno-ji Temple in Kyoto as a spearhead in the Honno-ji Incident where Mitsuhide attacked on Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 天正10年（1582年）、光秀が織田信長を討った本能寺の変では先鋒となって京都の本能寺を襲撃した。