nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Unlike the conventional Ukiyozoshi in those days, his yomihon "Shigeshigeyawa" was under so strong influence of the Chinese text that it clearly shows its original.
Japanese: 読本『繁野話』はそれまでの浮世草子とは異なり中国の影響の濃い原典がはっきりわかる内容だった。
English: He used pseudonyms (appellations) of Gyojin TAIKO, Shin ikan, Kinro gyoja, and aliases of Jissenkaku shujin, Omi gyoja, Senri roshi, Teiteitei itsujin, Dododo shujin, Sokyo shujin, and Kamei sanjin.
Japanese: 大江漁人、辛夷館、近路行者などの号(称号)、十千閣主人・近江行者・千里浪子、亭亭亭逸人、堂堂堂主人、巣居主人、鹿鳴山人、などの戯名を用いた。
English: Around the age of 17, he began practicing the tea ceremony under the master Ryuho OEDA in Kyoto and kept a teacher-pupil relationship for long years.
Japanese: 17歳（享保末）頃、京都で大枝流芳に匙茶道（せんちゃどう）を習い、長く交わった。
English: In his 20s, he wrote 30 texts including "Hanabusasoshi," "Shigeshigeyawa," and "Hitsujigusa" under the influence of Chinese novels popular in those days.
Japanese: 当時流行の白話小説の影響を受け、20歳代に、『英草紙』、『繁野話』、『莠句冊』を含む、30編の原稿を書いた。
English: In 1772, at the age of 55, it is said that he started teaching medical science to Akinari UEDA.
Japanese: 1772年（安永元年）55歳、この頃から上田秋成に医を教えた、と言われる。
English: In 1778, at the age of 61, he proofread "Nihon Honkoku Kokijiten," which was a reprint of "Kokijiten," and wrote 'Honkokujo.'
Japanese: 1778年（安永7年）61歳、『康熙字典』を翻刻した『日本翻刻康熙字典』を校正し、「翻刻序」を書いた。
English: In 1779, at the age of 62, he handed over his house to his son Tairiku, and began living in retirement in Oimatsu-cho (present Nishitenma, Kita ward, Osaka City), then around 1783, he moved to Dojimahama (present 1-chome.)
Japanese: 1779年（安永8年）62歳、家を息子の大陸に譲り、老松町（現、大阪市北区(大阪市)西天満に隠居し、1783年ころ、堂島浜（現、1丁目）に転居した。
English: "Hokotakusetsu" (1780) (obiter dictum of proofreading "Kokijiten")
Japanese: 『補攷琢屑』（ほこうたくせつ）、（1780）（『康熙辞典』の校正余録）
English: Kaishin SHINODA (male, 1821-1902) was a tenkokuka (artist of seal engraving) who was active in Kyoto in the Meiji period.
Japanese: 篠田芥津（しのだかいしん、男性、文政4年（1821年）–明治35年（1902年））は、明治時代に京都で活躍した日本の篆刻家である。
English: Having been influenced by the books on tenkoku (engraving letters on the material of a seal) shipped from Qing, he adopted the styles of Chinese tenkokuka.
Japanese: 舶載された清国からの印籍などに影響され、中国の篆刻家一覧の作風を取り入れている。
English: His tensho-tai (seal-engraving style of writing Chinese characters) related to 八体・新の六体 was very unique and was called 'Kaishin's hatsu character.'
Japanese: その篆書体秦の八体・新の六体関連は非常に癖があったので「芥津の撥文字」といわれた。
English: First he went to Edo and became a fully-fledged tenkokuka, and then moved to Kyoto to live in Yanaginobanba.
Japanese: はじめ江戸に出て篆刻家として一家をなしてから京都に移り柳馬場に住んだ。
English: However, he approved only a few of them to become disciples such as the brothers of Senro KAWAI and Shoseki KAWAI.
Japanese: しかし、河井荃廬・河井章石兄弟などほんの数人だけを門人として許した。
English: He determined the number of footsteps from the gate of his house to a road, and he kept going back and forth between his house and the road until he could reach the road with the right number of footsteps.
Japanese: 家の門から道までの歩数を決めていて、これが合わないと何度でも繰り返した。
English: He cut each of the letters of 'A Song of an Old Cypress' written by Li Po (Rihaku) in gyosho (a style of handwriting) and mount them with lining them straight to hang on the wall.
Japanese: 李白の書幅「古柏行」の行書の文字を一字一字切り離してまっすぐに表具し直して床に掛けていた、などなど。
English: Umeko TSUDA (December 31, 1864 - August 16, 1929) was an educator in the Meiji Period.
Japanese: 津田梅子（つだうめこ、元治元年12月8日(旧暦)（1864年12月31日）-1929年（昭和4年）8月16日）は、明治の教育者。
English: Her original name was Ume (written as 'Mume') and changed to Umeko in 1902 by using Chinese characters.
Japanese: 初名はうめ（「むめ」と書いた）で、1902年に漢字表記に改めて「梅子」とした。
English: Ume TSUDA was born as the second daughter of Sen TSUDA (a former shogunate retainer and present menber of the samurai class of Tokyo Prefecture) and Hatsuko TSUDA in Minami Okachimachi-cho, Ushigome, Edo.
Japanese: 津田うめは、津田仙（旧幕臣・東京府士族）・津田初子夫妻の次女として、江戸牛込の南御徒町に生まれた。
English: Although her father Sen lost his job as a direct retainer after the collapse of the Shogunate, he began working at a hotel in Tsukiji in 1869, and the family moved to Mukojima.
Japanese: 父・仙は幕臣であったため、幕府崩壊とともに職を失ったが、1869年（明治2年）に築地のホテル館へ勤めはじめ、津田家は一家で向島へ移った。
English: Sen grew some Western vegetables with a little help from Umeko while she practiced writing and dancing in her childhood.
Japanese: 仙は西洋野菜の栽培なども手がけ、幼少時の梅子は手習いや踊などを学び、父の農園の手伝いもしている。
English: Sen became a Hokkaido Development Commissioner under the Meiji Government in 1871, and the family moved to Azabu.
Japanese: 1871年、仙は明治政府の事業である北海道開拓使の嘱託となり、津田家は麻布へ移る。
English: The vice-Hokkaido Development Commissioner Kiyotaka KURODA had a strong interest in women's education, and when he came up with a plan of sending female students overseas, Umeko volunteered to go encouraged by her father Sen and traveled to the United States of America with the Iwakura mission.
Japanese: 開拓使次官の黒田清隆は女子教育にも関心を持っていた人物で、仙は黒田が企画した女子留学生に梅子を応募させ、1871年（明治4年）には、岩倉使節団に随行して渡米。
English: They left Yokohama in November and arrived in Washington, D.C. via San Francisco in December of the same year.
Japanese: 11月に横浜を出港し、サンフランシスコを経て同年12月にワシントンD.C.へ到着。
English: She lived in Georgetown (Washington, D.C.) with the secretary of Japanese legation Charles LANMAN and his family.
Japanese: アメリカ合衆国ではジョージタウン(ワシントンD.C.)で日本弁務官書記のチャールズ・ランメン家に預けられる。
English: Although Arinori MORI moved the female students to Washington City in May, and two members went back to Japan in October, she spent a little over 10 years with the Lanmans after that.
Japanese: 5月には森有礼の世話で、留学生はワシントン市内に住まわされるが10月には2名が帰国し、梅子は再びランメン家に預けられ、十数年を過ごすことになる。
English: Umeko began learning English as well as piano and entered the Collegiate Institute.
Japanese: 梅子は英語、ピアノなどを学びはじめ、市内のコレジエト・インスティチュートへ通う。
English: Although the Lanmans did not push their religious beliefs on her, she developed faith in Christianity and was baptized at a nonsectarian church in Philadelphia in July, 1873.
Japanese: この頃にはキリスト教への信仰も芽生え、ランメン夫妻には信仰を薦められていないが、1873年7月には特定の宗派に属さないフィラデルフィアの独立教会で洗礼を受ける。
English: After graduating from the Collegiate Institute in 1878, she entered the Archer Institute, a private school for girls.
Japanese: 1878年にはコレジエト校を卒業し、私立の女学校であるアーチャー・インスティチュートへ進学。
English: She studied languages including Latin, and French, English literature, natural sciences, psychology, and art.
Japanese: ラテン語、フランス語などの語学や英文学のほか、自然科学や心理学、芸術などを学ぶ。
English: Although they received a returning order from the commissioner, Sutematsu YAMAKAWA and Ume requested an extension as they were still in school and graduated in July, 1882.
Japanese: 1881年には開拓使から帰国命令が出るが、在学中であった山川捨松とうめは延長を申請し、1882年7月に卒業。
English: Since there was a lack of job opportunities for women like Ume who studied abroad, due to a strong influence of Confucianism, Sutematsu YAMAKAWA and Shigeko URYU married to the military officers after they returned.
Japanese: うめらは帰国したものの、儒学の価値観が色濃く残る日本においては女子留学生の活躍できる職業分野にも乏しく、山川捨松と瓜生繁子はそれぞれ軍人へ嫁した。
English: Moreover, Umeko had almost forgotten her Japanese language and needed an interpreter and also had difficulties with Japanese customs.
Japanese: また、長い留学生活で日本語能力は通訳が必要なほど退化しており、日本的風習にも不慣れであった。
English: In 1883, when she was invited to an evening party held in the house of Foreign Minister Kaoru INOUE and met Hirobumi ITO, he introduced her to Utako SHIMODA who had established a private school, the Toyo Girls' School, which offered education to the daughters of the peerage.
Japanese: 1883年には、外務卿井上馨の邸で開かれた夜会に招待され、伊藤博文と再会し、華族子女を対象にした教育を行う私塾・桃夭女塾を開設していた下田歌子を紹介される。
English: Since she had a conflict with her father, Sen TSUDA around this time, she stayed at Ito's house to work as his English teacher and an interpreter where she learned Japanese from Utako and began teaching English at 'Toyo Girls' School.'
Japanese: このころ父・津田仙との確執もあったことから、梅子は伊藤への英語指導や通訳のため雇われて伊藤家に滞在、歌子からは日本語を学び、「桃夭女塾」へ英語教師として通う。
English: In 1885, with a recomenadtion from Ito, she began teaching English at Kazoku (the peerage) Girls' School which was diverged from Gakushuin School for Girls.
Japanese: 1885年には伊藤に推薦され、学習院女学部から独立して設立された華族女学校で英語教師として教えることとなった。
English: Although Umeko taught English at Kazoku Girls' School for a little over three years, it is said that she could not fit into upper class society and turned down a few offers of marriage by then.
Japanese: 梅子は華族女学校で3年余り教えているが、上流階級的気風には馴染めなかったと言われ、この頃には何度か薦められていた縁談も断っている。
English: In 1888, when her friend, Alice BACON, came to Japan from the United States to visit her, Alice helped her make a decision to go back to the United States and study once again.
Japanese: 1888年には、留学時代の友人アリス・ベーコンが来日し、彼女に薦められて再度の留学を決意。
English: She was able to receive a tuition exemption with help from Clara, a daughter of Sen's acquaintance, William Cogswell Whitney, who was in the Japanese commercial education business, and also got permission from the principle Shigeki NISHIMURA to study in the United States for two years.
Japanese: 父の仙の知人で、日本の商業教育に携わっていたウィリアム・コグスウェル・ホイットニーの娘クララの仲介で留学希望を伝えて学費免除の承諾を得て、校長の西村茂樹から2年間の留学を許可される。
English: Umeko majored in biology at Bryn Mawr College in the suburb of Philadelphia since the evolutionary theory known as Neo-Lamarckism became widely espoused.
Japanese: 当時は進化論においてネオ・ラマルキズムが反響を呼んでおり、梅子はフィラデルフィア郊外のブリンマー・カレッジ(BrynMawrCollege)で生物学を専攻する。
English: Although the assignment was normally given in the third year to complete one's study, she wrote a thesis on the orientation of frogs' eggs in her second year.
Japanese: 3年間の課程を切り上げて終了させ、留学2年目には蛙の発生に関する論文を執筆。
English: Alice BACON who recommended Umeko to return to the United States developed an interest in Japanese culture and did research on Japanese women.
Japanese: 梅子に留学を勧めたアリス・ベーコンは日本習俗に関心を持ち、日本女性に関する研究をしていた。
English: She helped Alice when she published a book called "Japanese Girls and Women" after returning to the United States.
Japanese: ベーコンがアメリカへ帰国し、研究を出版（『日本の女性』）する際には手助けをしている。
English: It is said that it helped Umeko to develop an interest in education for Japanese women, and when she extended her stay in the United States for another one year, in order to establish a scholarship which would give Japanese women opportunities to study abroad, she gave numerous public speeches about Japanese women's education and raised funds in her last year in the United States.
Japanese: これは梅子が日本の女性教育に関心を持つきっかけになったとも言われており、留学を一年延長すると、梅子は日本女性留学のための奨学金設立を発起し、公演や募金活動などを行う。
English: Although the college tried to convince her to stay and pursue an academic career, she returned to Japan in August, 1892.
Japanese: 大学からはアメリカへ留まり学究を続けることを薦められるが、1892年8月に帰国。
English: While working as a teacher, she continued supporting female students by fostering them in her house, and in 1894, she began teaching at Meiji Girls' School.
Japanese: 梅子は教師生活を続けるが、自宅で女学生を預かるなど積極的援助を行い、1894年には明治女学校でも講師を務める。
English: With the movement for the establishment of women's colleges in Japan by Jinzo NARUSE, and the promulgation of Girl's Higher Education Law and Order of Private Schools in 1899, the public interest in Japanese women's education developed, and she resigned from the government post in 1900.
Japanese: 成瀬仁蔵の女子大学創設運動や、1899年に高等女学校令、私立学校令がそれぞれ公布されて法整備が整い、女子教育への機運が高まると、1900年に官職を辞職。
English: In July, she applied for the Tokyo governor's approval to establish a Women's Institute for English Studies (present Tsuda College) with help from her father Sen, Alice BACON, Sutematsu OYAMA, Shigeko URYU, and Hikoichiro SAKURAI.
Japanese: 父の仙やアリス・ベーコン、大山捨松、瓜生繁子、桜井彦一郎らの協力者の助けを得て、7月に「女子英学塾」（現在の津田塾大学）の設立願を東京府知事に提出。
English: Her school received a high reputation for providing a progressive, liberal and high-quality education unlike the traditional notion which was to teach manners to women.
Japanese: それまでの作法の延長の女子教育と違い、進歩的で自由なレベルの高い授業が評判となる。
English: In order to carry out their original school policy without any intervention, they only accepted funds from limited places.
Japanese: 独自の教育方針を妨害されず貫き通すため、資金援助は極めて小規模にとどめられた。
English: Although Umeko, Alice Bacon, and their friends worked for free at the beginning, it is said that the school experienced a shortfall of funds due to the increased number of students and teachers as well as the cost to purchase the land and buildings in order to expand the school.
Japanese: 梅子やアリス・ベーコンらの友人ははじめ無報酬で奉仕していたものの、学生や教師の増加、拡張のための土地・建物の購入費など経営は厳しかったと言われる。
English: After the Vocational School Order was promulgated in 1903 and school financing was stabilized, the school became a corporate juridical unit.
Japanese: 1903年には専門学校令が公布され、塾の基盤が整うと申請して塾を社団法人とする。
English: She retired from the position of school president in January, 1919 due to the deterioration of her health condition since the establishment of the school.
Japanese: 梅子は塾の創業期に健康を損ない、塾経営の基礎が整うと1919年1月に塾長を辞任。
English: In 1915, she received the Sixth Order of the Precious Crown for contributions to education for Japanese women.
Japanese: 1915年、日本の女子教育に対する貢献をたたえて、勲六等宝冠章を受章した。
English: When the War of Zenshu UESUGI broke out in 1416, Iezumi's father Mitsuzumi IWAMATSU took the side of Iezumi's maternal grandfather (opinions are divided on this relationship) Zenshu (Ujinori) UESUGI, and in 1417, Iezumi's father was hunted down and executed by the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 父の岩松満純は応永23年（1416年）に外祖父（異説あり）の上杉禅秀の乱で上杉禅秀（氏憲）に味方し、応永24年（1417年）に室町幕府による追討を受けて処刑されている。
English: This was said to have been Yoshinori's plot to back Iezumi as a member of the Bakufu group in opposition to his cousin, Mochikuni IWAMATSU(a child of Mitsuz umi's younger brother Mitsuharu) of the Kamakura Kubo group, who had succeeded the IWAMATSU family after Mitsuzumi's death.
Japanese: これは満純の死後、岩松家を継いだ従弟（満純の弟・満春の子）の岩松持国が鎌倉公方派であったため、家純を幕府派として擁立しようという義教の策略だったといわれる。
English: As a result, the Iwamatsu clan was divided into two: Iezumi's Reibu group, controlling the Irako territory, and Mochikuni's Keicho group of Mochikuni controlling Nitta no sho.
Japanese: このため、岩松氏は五十子に所領を持つ家純と、新田庄に所領を持つ持国の礼部派と京兆派に分裂した。
English: Iezumi sided with the Uesugi clan in the Kyotoku War, and made many contributions, such as persuading Mochikuni on the Koga kobo side to join them.
Japanese: 家純は、享徳の乱において上杉氏に味方し、古河公方に属した持国を誘って味方につけるなど活躍した。
English: In 1461, he killed Mochikuni and his son Jiro, who attempted to defect to the enemy again.
Japanese: 寛正2年（1461年）には、再び離反しようとした持国・次郎父子を討ち取っている。
English: In 1469, Iezumi went to Nitta no Sho in pursuit of Saburo Shigekane IWAMATSU (the founder of the Gokan clan), one of Mochikuni's sons and the successor of the KEICHO clan.
Japanese: 文明(日本)元年（1469年）、家純は、持国の子で京兆家を継いだ三郎岩松成兼（後閑氏祖）を追って新田庄に入った。
English: When the Kageharu NAGAO War broke out, Iezumi switched from the Horikoshi kubo group, with which he had been cooperating until then, to the Koga kubo group.
Japanese: 長尾景春の乱が起こると、家純はこれまで協力していた堀越公方派から古河公方派に転換した。
English: When his legitimate son Akizumi IWAMATSU opposed it and rose in revolt against him, Iezumi disinherited his son and appointed his grandson Hisazumi IWAMATSU (Akizumi's son) to his successor.
Japanese: これに反発する嫡男・岩松明純が叛旗を翻すと、家純はこれを廃嫡して孫の岩松尚純（明純の子）を後継者としている。
English: In the last years of Iezumi, the Kasai (main retainer) the Yokose clan, had grown in power, and came to wield more influence than the Iwamatsu clan.
Japanese: 家純の晩年には家宰の横瀬氏の力が増大し、主家を凌ぐ力を持つようになっていた。
English: Tenju KAN (male, 1727 - May 11, 1795) was a Japanese calligrapher in the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 韓天寿（かんてんじゅ、男性、享保12年（1727年）-寛政7年3月23日(旧暦)（1795年5月11日））は、江戸時代中期の日本の書家である。
English: Tenju is also known as a creator of copybooks printed from the works of old masters of calligraphy such as Sozenhi and Kohofukun, which was made by Tenju by carefully imitating the calligraphy.
Japanese: 法帖の制作者としても知られ曹全碑や皇甫府君などの法帖を精巧に模刻している。
English: He also imitated sansui-ga (Chinese-style landscape painting), and published "I Fukyu IKE no Taiga Sansui-ga Fu" in which he reduced the size and imitated the sansui-ga drawn by Fukyu I and IKE no Taiga.
Japanese: 山水画の臨模も盛んに行い、伊孚九と池大雅の山水画を縮小して模刻した『伊孚九・池大雅山水画譜』を刊行している。
English: Since three of them climbed Mt. Fuji, Mt. Haku and Mt. Tate together, they call themselves as Sangaku-doja.
Japanese: 三人で富士山・白山・立山に登山したことから、三人ともが三岳道者と号している。
English: The Nakagawa family had a lot of book collections and he further continued to collect old copybooks printed from the works of old masters of calligraphy and 墨籍.
Japanese: 中川家には蔵書が多かったが、その上に更に古い法帖や墨籍の蒐集を続けた。
English: However, copybooks printed from the works of old masters of calligraphy in Japan were poor quality and not good enough to look at, so he purchased those shipped from China regardless of the high price.
Japanese: しかし、国内の法帖は劣悪でみるに堪えなかったので高価な金額でも中国から舶載されたものを購入した。
English: Useki MATSUSHITA (male, 1698-October 1779) was a Japanese calligrapher in the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 松下烏石（まつしたうせき、男性、元禄11年（1698年）-安永8年10月（1779年））は、江戸時代中期の日本の書家である。
English: He learned calligraphy under Genryo and Bunzan SASAKI and taught his shoho (calligraphy) to Tenju KAN, who later became his disciple.
Japanese: 書は佐々木玄竜（文山）に学び、後に門弟となった韓天寿にその書法を伝えた。
English: He used to live in Furukawa, Edo, and then moved to Kyoto during the period of Meiwa era and in his later years, he spent his days as a guest in the Nishi Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 江戸古川に住んでいたが明和年間に京都に移り西本願寺の賓客として晩年を送る。
English: He is famous for having donated a genuine stone with crow patterns on its surface to Iwai-jinja Shrine (Omori, Ota Ward, Tokyo [Ota Ward]).
Japanese: 表面にカラスの模様のある天然石を磐井神社（東京都大田区大森(大田区)）に寄進したことが知られる。
English: Rekido ABEI (male, 1805-September 16, 1883) was a modern Japanese tenkokuka (artist of seal engraving).
Japanese: 安部井櫟堂（あべいれきどう、男性、文化(元号)2年（1805年）–明治16年（1883年）9月16日）は、近代日本の篆刻家である。
English: Fusajiro KANEMATSU (June 25, 1845 - February 6, 1913) was a Japanese businessman.
Japanese: 兼松房治郎（かねまつふさじろう、弘化2年5月21日(旧暦)（1845年6月25日）-大正2年（1913年）2月6日）は、日本の実業家。
English: In 1845, he was born as the son of Yahei HIROMA and Yae in Enokoshima, Osaka.
Japanese: 弘化2年（1845年）大坂・江之子島で父、広間彌兵衛、母、八重のもとに生まれる。
English: After his farther went missing, he started to work as an apprentice at the store of soy sauce and miso in Fushimi Nishihama at age of 12 to support his mother.
Japanese: 父が行方不明となり、12歳で母親を扶養するため伏見西浜の醤油、味噌などを商う葭屋に丁稚奉公する。
English: The arrangement didn't last long and after a while, he went to Kyoto and became a live-in worker in the dried food shop of Funaya Shobee in Higashinotoin Manjuji.
Japanese: しかし続かず、しばらくして京都に赴き、東洞院万壽寺の鮒屋庄兵衛の乾物問屋に住み込みとなった。
English: In 1858 when Kanematsu was 14, he quit working at the shop and became an apprentice in a candle shop in Kyoto.
Japanese: 1858年、14歳の時、乾物屋を辞め、同じ京のロウソク屋へ奉公する。
English: From 1862 to 1865, he worked as a pageboy of Nagatsune OKABE in Edo.
Japanese: 文久2年（1862年）から慶応元年（1865年）江戸で岡部長常に小姓として仕えた。
English: Around the Meiji Restoration, he was engaged in the business of cotton and general merchandise in Osaka and Yokohama, and from 1873 to 1881, he worked at the Osaka branch of Mitsuigumi Ginkoubu (currently known as Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation) and became the CEO and executive of Dojima Rice Market Firm.
Japanese: 明治維新前後は大阪、横浜などで綿糸・雑貨の商業に従事し、明治6年（1873年）から明治14年（1881年）まで三井組銀行部大阪支店に勤務、取締役兼堂島米商会所重役となる。
English: In 1882 he was involved in the foundation of Osaka Shosen Kaisha (OSK Lines) and became the CEO but resigned in 1886.
Japanese: 明治15年（1882年）大阪商船創設に参加、取締役となるが、明治19年（1886年）辞任。
English: In 1887, he bought out a newpaper company called 'Osaka Nippo' and next year he renamed it as 'Osaka Mainichi Shimbun.'
Japanese: 明治20年（1887年）「大阪日報」を買収し、翌年「大阪毎日新聞」と改称。
English: In 1889, he handed over the administration of 'Osaka Mainichi Shimbun' to Hikochi MOTOYAMA, and established Kanematsu Shoten (later known as Kanamatsu Esho, currently known as Kanematsu) and worked in the trading between Japan and Australia.
Japanese: 明治22年（1889年）同新聞を本山彦一に譲り、神戸に兼松商店（のちの兼松江商、現兼松）を創設、日豪貿易に従事。
English: Jiroemon KANO the eighth (August 7, 1853 – March 19, 1935) was a Japanese businessman.
Japanese: 八代目嘉納治郎右衛門（はちだいめかのうじろうえもん、嘉永6年7月3日(旧暦)（1853年8月7日）-昭和10年（1935年）3月19日）は、日本の実業家。
English: In 1853, He was born in Mikage, Settu Province (currently Mikage, Higashinada Ward, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture).
Japanese: 嘉永6年（1853年）摂津国御影（現兵庫県神戸市東灘区御影）に生まれる。
English: When the Trademark Law became effective in the same year, he changed their original brand name from 'honmare' to 'Kikumasamune' and registered it.
Japanese: この年商標令が発布され、従来の銘柄「本稀」を「菊正宗」と改名、登録した。
English: In 1907, Honkano Shoten became a limited partnership company and was reorganized as a public joint-stock company in 1919.
Japanese: 明治40年（1907年）本嘉納商店を合資会社とし、大正8年（1919年）株式会社に改組。
English: After establishing Honkano Unlimited lnc. in 1926, he was involved in the investment industry such as real estate and securities.
Japanese: 大正15年（1926年）別に本嘉納合名会社を設立、土地、建物、有価証券などの投資事業をも行った。
English: He also became the president of Nada Commercial Bank (later known as Kobe Bank) which he established and held positions such as the chairman of the Japan Sake Brewers Association, the director of the Muko Steamship Company and the counselor of the Japan Mutual Savings Bank over the years.
Japanese: また灘商業銀行（のちに神戸銀行）を創立し頭取に就任、日本醸造酒会監事、武庫汽船取締役、日本相互貯蓄銀行相談役などを歴任した。
English: He engaged in not only the sake-brewing industry but also the establishment of Nada Junior and Senior High School and the construction of the Hyogo Canal.
Japanese: また酒造業だけでなく受験進学校として知られる灘中学校・高等学校の前身、灘中学校の創立や兵庫運河の建設工事にも力を注いだ。
English: Seibe KAWANISHI (September 7, 1865 – November 19, 1947) was a Japanese industrialist.
Japanese: 川西清兵衛（かわにしせいべえ、慶応元年7月18日(旧暦)（1865年9月7日）-昭和22年（1947年）11月19日）は、日本の実業家。
English: In 1896, he established the Japan Wool Textile along with 27 other industrialists from Kobe city.
Japanese: 明治29年（1896年）神戸市の実業家27人を発起人として日本毛織を創立。
English: In 1899, he built a factory along the coast of Kako River and began manufacturing blankets.
Japanese: 明治32年（1899年）加古川沿岸に工場を建設して毛布製造をはじめる。
English: In 1907, Hyogo Electric Railway (later known as Sanyo Electric Railway) was established by him and opened up the electric railroad to connecting Kobe, Akashi and Himeji.
Japanese: 明治40年（1907年）兵庫電気軌道（山陽電気鉄道の前身）を創業し、神戸と明石、姫路を結ぶ電気鉄道を開業。
English: In 1913, he founded the Japan Worsted Spinning, and it was merged with the Japan Wool Textile in 1918.
Japanese: 大正2年（1913年）日本毛糸紡績会社を設立、大正7年（1918年）日本毛織と合併。
English: He established various related companies such as the Showa Worsted Spinning, the Kyoritsu Muslin, the Sanyo Leather, and the Kobe municipal Raw Silk which led to the formation of the Kawanishi combine.
Japanese: 昭和毛糸紡績、共立モスリン、山陽皮革、神戸生糸など多数の関連企業を設立し、川西財閥を形成する。
English: In 1931, he began manufacturing airplanes with Chikuhei NAKAJIMA and established the Kawanishi Machinery Manufacture in 1934.
Japanese: また、昭和6年（1931年）中島知久平と航空機製造を開始し、昭和9年（1934年）川西機械製作所を創業。
English: Shozo KAWASAKI (August 10, 1836 – December 2 1912) was a Japanese politician as well as an entrepreneur.
Japanese: 川崎正蔵（かわさきしょうぞう、天保7年7月10日(旧暦)（1836年8月10日）-大正元年（1912年）12月2日）は日本の実業家、政治家。
English: Although he was assigned as a Kagoshima municipal officer and Kurayashiki-warehouses officer, he convinced the domain to purchase a few Western sailing ships and gained an enormous profit by transporting goods from Satsuma to eastern regions.
Japanese: 鹿児島町吏、さらに大坂の蔵屋敷用達を命ぜられたが、貿易に着目して藩庁を説き、西洋型帆船数隻を購入して薩摩国産物を畿内に輸送、巨利を博した。
English: After moving to Tokyo in 1871, he became the vice-president of Japan Mail Steamship Company in 1873 and worked hard to open up the sea route for mail service between Tokyo and Ryukyu.
Japanese: 明治4年（1871年）上京し、明治6年（1873年）帝国郵便汽船会社副社長となり、東京、琉球間の郵便航路開始に尽力した。
English: In 1877, he opened up a company handling sugar and also gained an enormous profit by transporting Ryukyu fabrics which enabled him to start his long-desired business, a shipbuilding company.
Japanese: 明治10年（1877年）大阪に官糖取扱店を開き、また琉球反物の運送販売により巨利を得て、念願であった造船業を開始。
English: He established Tsukiji Shipyard in 1878, Hyogo Kawasaki Dockyard in 1880, and Kawasaki Dockyard (now known as Kawasaki Heavy Industries) in 1887, after the disposal of the government-operated Hyogo Dockyard 1886.
Japanese: 明治11年（1878年）築地造船所、明治13年（1880年）兵庫川崎造船所を開業、明治19年（1886年）には官営兵庫造船所の払い下げを受けて、明治20年（1887年）川崎造船所（現・川崎重工業）を設立。
English: Since Shozo did not have any children to take over his business, he chose Kojiro MATSUKATA, the third son of Masayoshi MATSUKATA, as his successor due to Masayoshi coming from the same village as himself and being the benefactor in the early days of the business.
Japanese: 事実上、後継者がいなかった正蔵は、同郷の先輩であり自分の事業の恩人でもあった松方正義の三男・松方幸次郎を後継者に選ぶ。