nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Yoriyuki's younger brother Yorimoto HOSOKAWA was adopted by Yoriyuki and thereby became Kanrei, the Hosokawa clan being one of the families that occupied that positoin through the Muromachi period, the others being the Shiba clan and the Hatakeyama clan.
Japanese: 弟である細川頼元は頼之の養子として管領となり、細川氏は室町時代を通じて斯波氏、畠山氏とともに管領家となる。
English: "Zatsu Zatsu Shui," a collection of Edo period anecdotesm mentions Yoriyuki as a bright child, and "Hosokawa Sansho Rykuden" includes a story of a competition in strength between Yoriyuki and his cousin Kiyouji HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 江戸期の逸話集『雑々拾遺』に拠れば幼くして聡明さを見せ、また『細川三将略伝』に拠れば従兄弟の細川清氏と力比べをしたなどの幼少時の逸話がある。
English: However, he is first mentioned inj historical sources in relation to his military maneuvers in Awa during the Kanno Disturbance, which had started as a feud within the Ashikaga shogunal family.
Japanese: しかし、史料上の初見は足利将軍家の内紛から発展した観応の擾乱における阿波での軍事行動となる。
English: Yoriyuki was with Yoriharu who was in the army of Shogun Takauji ASHIKAGA but in 1350 when the Military Governor of Awa Province, Yorikiyo OGASAWARA, took advantage of the unrest to join the Southern Army, Yoriyuki was dispatched to Awa in place of Yoriharu.
Japanese: 将軍足利尊氏に従う頼春のもとにあったが、正平(日本)5年/観応元年（1350年）に阿波国守護の小笠原頼清が乱に乗じて南軍に属すると、頼春に代わり阿波に派遣されている。
English: In 1352, Yoriharu was killed in action at the Awa camp, when the Southern Army attacked.
Japanese: 阿波在陣中の観応3年（1352年）には、南軍の京都侵攻で父頼春が戦死した。
English: Yoriyuki led an army to Kyoto to avenge his father and joined Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA who was the heir of Takauji, Yoriari (his own brother) who was leading an army from Sanuki, and other allies to fight in the Battle of Otokoyama, at which the army of the Southern Court was defeated.
Japanese: 頼之は弔い合戦のため軍を率いて上京し、尊氏の嫡子足利義詮に属し、讃岐の軍勢を率いた弟の頼有らと男山合戦に参加して南軍を駆逐する。
English: Thus, having inherited his fathers territory and been appointed as Umanosuke and Military Govenor of Awa Province, Yoriuki returned to Awa and spent the next few years managing his territory.
Japanese: そこで頼之は父の分国を継承し、右馬助に任じられ阿波守護に補任されると、その後数年は領国経営に従事した。
English: During the war with the Southern Court, Yoriyuki battled against some of the powerful Kokujin (including the Ogasawara clan of Awa and Kawano clan of Iyo) and gradually tightened his control over his territory in Shikoku.
Japanese: 南朝側との戦い、阿波の小笠原氏や伊予の河野氏、国人勢力らとの戦いの中で次第に四国における領国支配体制を固める。
English: Meanwhile, Tadafuyu ASHIKAGA, a son of Takauji by his concubine, with the approval of the Southern Court, gathered together anti-bakufu factions including Tokiuji YAMANA and his allies and threated Kyoto as well as wielding influence from Chugoku region to the Iyo Province (Ehime Prefecture).
Japanese: 中央では尊氏庶子足利直冬TadafuyuASHIKAGAが南朝とも通じ、山名時氏ら反幕府勢力を結集させて京都を脅かし、中国地方から伊予国(愛媛県)に勢力を及ぼしていた。
English: Yoriyuki, who was in Awa, was ordered in 1354 to go to Iyo Province and replace Michimori KAWANO as the Military Governor.
Japanese: 阿波の頼之には伊予への発向が命じられ、1354年（正平9年/文和3年）には伊予の豪族河野通盛に代わって伊予の守護に補任される。
English: In the following year, Yoshiakira advanced but Kyoto was taken by Tadafuyu with help of the defection of Takatsune SHIBA, the Military Governor of Echizen Province, and Yoshiakira withdrew.
Japanese: 翌年に義詮の軍勢が進発するが、越前守護斯波高経の離反で直冬勢に京都を奪還される。
English: Yoriyuki then joined Yoshiakira in a campaign to recapture Kyoto, and fought the Battle of Settsu Konai.
Japanese: そこで頼之は引き返した義詮とともに京都奪還に加わり、摂津神南合戦に加わる。
English: After the defeat of the Southern Army, Yoriyuki spent time in Kyoto, visiting Kenshun with his cousin Kiyouji, and being appointed Umanokami.
Japanese: 南軍駆逐後は従兄弟の清氏ととも賢俊を訪ねるなど、しばらく京に滞在しており右馬頭に任じられている。
English: In the following year (1356), another effort was made to put down Tadafuyu.
Japanese: 翌1356年（正平11年/延文元年）には再び直冬征討軍が起こされる。
English: Yoriyuki was appointed as Military Governor of Bingo Province and as the commander of an operation to hunt down and kill Tadafuyu who was flourishing in Kyushu.
Japanese: 頼之は備後守護に補任され大将として九州で勢力を持っていた直冬の追討指揮を命じられた。
English: It is said that Yoriyuki had been denied the right to seize assets of the enemy side by Shogun Takauji and had thus decided to decline the foregoing appointment and return to Awa, but was persuaded to return to Kyoto by his cousin Kiyouji.
Japanese: この時頼之は闕所処分権を将軍尊氏に拒否され、就任を固辞し阿波へ下国しようとするが、従兄弟の清氏に説得されて帰京したという。
English: After appointing a member of the Shinkai clan, who had been an influential minor official, as the acting Military Governor of Awa Province, Yoriyuki headed to the Chugoku region to deal with the Southern Army.
Japanese: 阿波には有力被官新開氏を守護代とし、南軍への対処とした頼之は中国地方へ発向した。
English: Yoriyuki took control of a number of provinces including Bizen, Bitchu, Bingo, Aki and Iyo, introducing to each one military rule which included demands for military assistance and the award of citations for military success.
Japanese: 備前、備中、備後、安芸、伊予など数カ国を統轄し、各地で軍勢催促や感状授与など軍事指揮権を行使。
English: Yoriyuki was referred to as 'Chugoku Taisho' (General of the Chugoku region) for being the military commander and 'Chugoku Kanrei' (the shogunal deputy for the Chugoku region) for being the regional administrator, though it remains unclear whether these were official positions under the bakufu.
Japanese: 正式な幕職であるかは不明だが、頼之は軍事指揮者として「中国大将」と呼ばれているほか、地方統轄者としては「中国管領」と呼ばれていた。
English: It appears that Takauji intended to use Yoriyuki as a counterbalance to the influence that Tadafuyu wielded over the Chugoku region as Nagato Tandai (post created by the bakufu as advanced protection against Mongol invasion).
Japanese: 長門探題として中国地方で影響力を及ぼした直冬に対抗させる意図があったとも考えられている。
English: While Yoriyuki was bringing the Chugoku region under control by keeping the Tadafuyu's army confined, Shogun Takauji died in Kyoto.
Japanese: 頼之が直冬勢力を逼塞させ中国地方を平定している頃、中央では将軍尊氏が死去した。
English: In 1362, after losing his position in a power struggle against the Shiba clan, Doyo SASAKI and others, Kiyouji joined the Southern Court and went to Awa.
Japanese: 1362年（正平17年/貞治元年）に清氏は斯波氏や佐々木道誉らとの政争で失脚し、南朝に属して阿波へ渡った。
English: Ordered in April to deal with Kiyouji by Shogun Yoshiakira, Yoriyuki destroyed Kiyouji's army, whicharrived in Sanuki province in July, at Utazu (Utazu-cho, Ayauta-gun, Kagawa Prefecture).
Japanese: 3月に頼之は将軍義詮から清氏討伐を命じられ、7月に讃岐国へ移った清氏勢を宇多津（香川県綾歌郡宇多津町）で滅ぼす。
English: While Yoriyuki was on the campaign to put down Kiyouji, Tadafuyu's influence increased again, but was brought under control when former allies such as Hiroyo OUCHI and Tokiuji YAMANA returned to the bakufu side.
Japanese: 清氏討伐中に直冬勢力は再び活動するが、大内弘世や山名時氏らが幕府方に帰服しており、直冬勢力は鎮圧された。
English: When the Chugoku region had been stabilized, Yoriyuki was dismissed from the post of Chugoku Kanrei and the Hosokawa clan lost their dominion in the Chugoku region.
Japanese: 中国地方が安定すると頼之は中国管領を解任され、細川氏としても中国地方の分国を失っている。
English: Yoriyuki then concurrently assumed the post of Military Governor of Sanuki and Tosa Provinces and the post of Shikoku Kanrei (shogunal deputy for the Shikoku region), and proceeded to drive out the Kawano clan and unify Shikoku.
Japanese: 代わって讃岐・土佐の守護を兼ね、四国管領に任じられ、河野氏を追討して四国を統一する。
English: When Yoshimasa (or Yoshiyuki) SHIBA, the Kanrei of the bakufu, and his father Takatsune SHIBA were brought down by a conspiracy involving Doyo and his allies (an event known as Joji Coup), Yoriyuki was ordered to return to the shogunate, and in 1367, immediately before the death of the second Shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, asumed the post of Kanrei and with the support of the anti-Shiba faction, including Doyo and the Akamatsu clan.
Japanese: 幕府の管領となっていた斯波義将、父の斯波高経が道誉らの策謀で失脚(貞治の政変)すると頼之は幕府に召還され、道誉、赤松氏ら反斯波派の支持で1367年（正平22年/貞治6年）2代将軍足利義詮の死の直前に管領に就任する。
English: After assuming the post of Kanrei with support of the anti-Shiba faction including Doyo SASAKI and Norisuke AKAMATSU, Yoriyuki counseled the third shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA who was only 11 years old on his appointment, helping establish Yoshimitsu's authority as shogun by ensuring he was promoted through the official rankes, making arrangements his education and training as a court noble, and constructing his new residence, Hana no Gosho (literally, the Flower Palace).
Japanese: 管領となった頼之は、佐々木道誉や赤松則祐をはじめ反斯波氏派の支持を得て、就任当時11歳の3代将軍足利義満を補佐し、官位の昇進、公家教養、将軍新邸である花の御所の造営など将軍権威の確立に関わる。
English: Starting in the capacity of regent to the shogun, Yoriyuki enacted statutes including a thrift law and Hanzeirei (Oan no Taiho (major law enacted during the Oan era)) to protect estates belonging to court nobles, temples and shrines in 1368.
Japanese: 執政を開始した頼之は、内政面では倹約令など法令の制定、1368年には公家や寺社の荘園を保護する半済令（応安大法）を施行する。
English: In August 1370, when Emperor Gokogon confidentially consulted his advisors in the Northern Court about abdicating in favor of his biological son Imperial Prince Ohito (later Emperor Goenyu), the Retired Emperor Suko insisted that his biological son Imperial Prince Yoshihito was the rightful heir, thus causing a problem over the Imperial Succession.
Japanese: 応安3年（1370年）8月には、北朝において後光厳天皇が実子緒仁親王（後円融天皇）への譲位を内々に諮問すると、崇光上皇が実子栄仁親王が正嫡であると主張したため皇位継承問題が発生した。
English: Yoriyuki sided with the Emperor side believing that the situation should be settled by an Imperial proclamation and wanting to avoid getting overly involved, but when the retired emperor countered by lobbying Koshi SHIBUKAWA, the wife of Yoshiakira, and her allies, Yoriyuki used Ichoku (a royal command included in a will) left by Kogonin to block their interference.
Japanese: 頼之は事態収拾は聖断によるべきと深入りを避けつつも天皇側を支持するが、上皇側は義詮正室渋川幸子らに運動して対抗すると、頼之は光厳院の遺勅を示して介入を封じた。
English: Additionally, a feud between the traditional Buddhist faction at Mt. Hiei and elsewhere and the emerging Zen Sect faction at the Nanzen-ji Temple of the Gozan (Gozan: the five most important Rinzai temples of Kyoto) and elsewhere developed into a political issue.
Japanese: さらに比叡山など伝統的仏教勢力と、五山の南禅寺など新興禅宗勢力の抗争からも政治問題が発生する。
English: The bakufu was subsidizing the continuing construction of the tower gate at Nanzen-ji Temple proposed by chief priest of Tenryu-ji Temple Shunoku Myoha, but when Jozan Sozen, a priest at Nanzen-ji Temple, criticized Tendai in his book for his part in a feud between Nanzen-ji Temple and Onjo-ji Temple, the Mt. Hiei side reacted vehemently demanding that Imperial Court sentence Jozan Sozen be banished and the tower gate be destroyed.
Japanese: 天竜寺住職春屋妙葩の発議で進められてた南禅寺の楼門建造を幕府は助成していたが、南禅寺と園城寺の抗争から南禅寺僧定山祖禅が著作において天台を非難すると、叡山側がこれに猛抗議して朝廷に定山祖禅の流罪と楼門の破却を求めた。
English: When the Sanmon (abbreviation of Sanmon-ha, a school of Tendai Sect with its head temple at Mt. Hiei) side came to Kyoto carrying a mikoshi (a portable miniature shrine), Yoriyuki blocked their goso (an aggressive tactic used by monks to intimidate persons of power to acquiesce to their demands in the name of a religious authority represented by mikoshi) by securing the Imperial Palace.
Japanese: 山門側が神輿を奉じて入京すると、頼之は内裏を警護させ強訴を阻止した。
English: The Sanmon, however, continued their goso, demanding destruction of the tower gate, and out of fear, the Imperial Court and military commanders eventually gave in and agreed to remove the tower gate.
Japanese: 山門側は尚も破却を求めて強訴を続け、朝廷や諸将も山門を恐れたため遂に屈し、7月には楼門撤去を決定する。
English: The Gozan side protested against the bakufu ruling with Shunoku Myoha resigning from the post of the resident priest, actions which crated a division between the bakufu and the Gozan faction.
Japanese: 五山側では春屋妙葩が住職を辞するなど幕府の裁定に抗議し、五山側とは溝が生じることとなった。
English: With respect to measures against the Southern Court, Yoriyuki pushed ahead with negotiations successfully inducing the defection of Masanori KUSUNOKI to the Ashikaga side.
Japanese: 対南朝政策では交渉を進め、楠木正儀を足利方に寝返らせる工作に成功した。
English: In 1370, he supported efforts to control the Kyushu region by dispatching his personal friend Sadayo IMAGAWA (Ryoshun) to Kyushu drive out the Southern faction which included Imperial Prince Kanenaga (also known as Kaneyoshi).
Japanese: 1370年には個人的交友もあった今川貞世（了俊）を九州へ派遣して懐良親王ら南朝勢力を駆逐させ、九州制圧を後援する。
English: Yoriyuki's administration was bogged down due to power struggles with factions such as the Shiba clan and the Yamana clan, the interference of Yoshiakira's wife Koshi SHIBUKAWA and the temple factions, and the resistance of the Southern Court, and, to add to his problems, there there was no end in sight to the campaign to subdue Kyushu led by Sadayo IMAGAWA.
Japanese: 頼之の施政は、政敵である斯波氏や山名氏との派閥抗争、義詮正室の渋川幸子や寺院勢力介入、南朝の反抗などで難航し、また今川貞世の九州制圧も長期化していた。
English: Yoriyuki offered his resignation on several occasions but was always turned down and returned to office by Yoshimitsu.
Japanese: 頼之は辞意を表明して義満に退任を留めらて信任を回復する事も何度かあった。
English: In 1379, when the Hosokawa clan was unsuccessful in repressing the Southern Court in the Kii region, Yoshimitsu assigned troops to Ujikiyo YAMANA and his allies to subdue the Southern Court.
Japanese: 1379年（天授(日本)5年/康暦元年）、細川氏が紀伊における南朝征討に失敗すると、義満は山名氏清らに軍勢を与えて征討を行わせる。
English: Then, when Yoshimitsu assigned troops to Yoriyuki, the Shiba clan and Yoriyasu TOKI, the military commanders of the troops, joined by the Kyogoku clan which had switched allegience to the Shiba clan, staged a coup d'etat known as Koryaku Coup, moving their armies to Kyoto, surrounding the shogunal residence and demanding the resignation of Yoriyuki.
Japanese: さらに頼之と斯波氏や土岐頼康に対して兵を与えると諸将は頼之罷免を求めて京都へ兵を進め、斯波派に転じた京極氏らが参加して将軍邸を包囲し、頼之の罷免を求めるクーデターである康暦の政変を起こす。
English: On receiving Yoshimitsu's order to retire, Yoriyuki headed to his territory in Shikoku with his clan and, becoming a priest along the way.
Japanese: 義満から退去令を受けた頼之は、一族を連れて領国の四国へ落ち途中で出家を行う。
English: Yoshimasa SHIBA assumed the post of Kanrei after Yoriyuki, which led to the personnel within the bakufu becoming dominated by the Shiba clan and certain of the policies being revoked.
Japanese: 後任の管領には斯波義将が就任し、幕府人事も斯波派に改められ、一部の政策も覆される。
English: Although Yoshimitsu was against the subjugation of Yoriyuki desired by the Shiba clan, the Kawano clan, on learning of the coup, rejoined the bakufu from the Southern Court.
Japanese: 斯波派が望む、頼之に対する討伐は義満が抑えるが、政変を知った河野氏が南朝から幕府に帰服した。
English: In his time as Kanrei, Yoriyuki had ordered hs brother Yoriari to recruit local lords and samurai as Hosokawa retainers and now called on their services to defeat the Kawano clan and the Masauji HOSOKAWA, the son of the late Kiyouji HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 頼之は管領時代に弟の頼有に命じて国人の被官化に務めており、これらの力をもって河野氏や細川清氏の遺児の正氏らを破った。
English: Yoriyuki's younger brother Yorimoto HOSOKAWA appealed to the shogunate for a pardon for Yoriyuki and, when Yoshimitsu made a pilgrimage to Itsukushima-jinja Shrine in 1389, organized the provision boats to take Yoshimitsu to Utatsu in the Sanuki Province where he granted Yoriyuki a pardon.
Japanese: 頼之の弟の細川頼元は幕府に対して赦免運動を行い、1389年（元中6年/康応元年）の義満の厳島神社参詣の折には船舶の提供を手配し、讃岐国の宇多津で赦免される。
English: In 1391, Yoshimasa SHIBA resigned the post of Kanrei and, on the order of Yoshimitsu, Yoriyuki returned to Kyoto.
Japanese: 1391年には斯波義将が管領を辞任し、頼之は義満から上洛命令を受けて入京する。
English: When his brother Yorimoto HOSOKAWA succeeded Yoshimasa SHIBA as Kanrei, Yoriyuki assisted with government affairs and returned to the shogunate administration as a senior retainer.
Japanese: 後任の管領に弟の細川頼元が就任すると、頼之は政務を後見し、宿老として幕政に復帰した。
English: Yoshimitsu had wanted Yoriyuki to becom Kanrei again but Yoriyuk declined the offer on account of having become a priest.
Japanese: 義満は頼之の管領復帰を望んでいたが、頼之は既に出家していたためにこれを辞退した。
English: This led to Yoshimitsu holding Gozensata (private meetings with the shogun to pass judgement on legal cases) in a format which facilitated the participation of Yoriyuki in discussions of important matters of the bakufu.
Japanese: このため義満は、幕府役職にない頼之が幕政に参画しやすくするために、将軍の私的な会合に近かった御前沙汰を開催して僧侶である頼之を加えた形式で幕府の重要事項の審議を行った。
English: Note that this precedent was later used by Yoshimitsu who, after passing down the post of shogun to his heir Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA and becoming priest, applied it so that he could personally preside over meetings in the shogunate administration.
Japanese: なおこの先例は、後に義満が嫡男足利義持に将軍職を譲って出家した後に、自らが幕府の会議を主宰するためにも用いられた。
English: He was familiar with Waka (Japanese poems), Shibun (prose and poetries) and Renga (linked verses), and some of his Waka were selected to be part of Chokusenshu (anthology of poems collected by Imperial command).
Japanese: 和歌や詩文、連歌など公家文化にも親しみ、頼之が詠んだ和歌が勅撰集に入撰している。
English: Yoriyuki is said to have been inspired by a Zen monk Muso Soseki in his youth and later practiced Zen Buddhism and built a number of temples including Keitoku-ji Temple and Jizo-in Temple (Nishikyo Ward) in Kyoto and Kosho-ji Temple in Awa.
Japanese: 頼之は幼少に禅僧である夢窓疎石から影響を受けたとされ、禅宗を信仰して京都に景徳寺、地蔵院(京都市西京区)、阿波の光勝寺などの建立を行う。
English: Based on consolatory letters sent after a fire and other documents, Yoriyuki's residence in Kyoto is thought to have been located around Rokujo Madenokoji (Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City) which woud have been close to his work until the bakufu was relocated to Hana no Gosho (Muromachi-dai, Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City).
Japanese: 京都での頼之の邸は、火事見舞いの記録などから六条万里小路(京都市中京区)付近と考えられており、幕府が花の御所(室町第、京都市上京区)へ移されるまでは出仕に近い場所であった。
English: "Hosokawa Yoriyuki" by Makoto OGAWA, featured in Jinbutsu Sosho ISBN 4642051759 Yoshikawa Kobunkan, Inc., 1972
Japanese: 小川信『細川頼之』　吉川弘文館人物叢書,昭和47年ISBN4642051759
English: Yoriyuki is buried in the grounds of Jizo-in Temple on Mt. Kinugasa (in Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture), one of the temples he built himself, and his gravestone, a mound-shaped natural stone, remains today.
Japanese: 墓所は頼之が建立した寺である京都府京都市西京区の衣笠山地蔵院(京都市西京区)、山型の自然石が墓石として残されている。
English: The collection at Jizo-in Temple includes a portrait and wooden statue of Yoriyuki in Buddhist monk attire, and a portrait of his wife.
Japanese: 地蔵院には頼之の法体の肖像画や木像、頼之夫人の肖像画も所蔵されている。
English: Saigyo (1118 - March 23, 1190) was a monk and poet during the period between the cloister government and the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 西行（さいぎょう、1118年(元永元年)-1190年3月23日(文治6年2月16日(旧暦))）は、院政期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての僧侶・歌人。
English: A total of 265 poems written by Saigyo were accepted in Nijuichidai-shu (the Collections of Twenty-one reigns) including 18 poems in Senzai Wakashu (Collection of Japanese Poems of a Thousand Years) and 94 poems (the largest number of accepted poems) in Shinkokin Wakashu (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry).
Japanese: 千載和歌集に十八首、新古今和歌集に九十四首（入撰数第一位）をはじめとして二十一代集に計265首が入撰。
English: Kashu (personal collection of poetry) includes "Sankashu" (The first volume of the six Kashu), "Sankashinchushu" (selected by Saigyo) and "Kikigakishu," whereas, the narrative collections compiling his anecdotes and legends includes "Senjusho" and "The Tales of Saigyo" and the author of "Senjusho" is assumed to be Saigyo himself.
Japanese: 家集に『山家集』（六家集の一）『山家心中集』（自撰）『聞書集』、その逸話や伝説を集めた説話集に『撰集抄』『西行物語』があり、『撰集抄』については作者に擬せられている。
English: It is recorded that in 1135, Saigyo was assigned to the position of Hyoe no jo (Lieutenant of the Middle Palace Guards) at age 18 and, in 1137, was serving at a Hokumen no Bushi (the security police) for Emperor Toba.
Japanese: 保延元年（1135年）18歳で兵衛尉に任ぜられ、同3年（1137年）鳥羽天皇の北面武士として奉仕していたことが記録に残る。
English: In 1140, he entered the priesthood adopting the Buddhist name of Eni at age 23, and also later called himself Saigyo.
Japanese: 同6年（1140年）23歳で出家して円位を名のり、後に西行とも称した。
English: There is some discussion over the reason for his entering the priesthood; however, it is difficult to say which one is correct but one of the theories in which Saigyo was in love with FUJIWARA no Shoshi who was a mistress of Emperor Shirakawa and Chugu (the term for a woman at the highest position as a mistress of an emperor) of Tobain (the Retired Emperor Toba).
Japanese: その動機には諸説あっていずれとも定めがたいが、一説に白河天皇の愛妾にして鳥羽院の中宮であった藤原璋子への恋着のゆえであったとも言われる。
English: Additionally, there are two copies of 'Saigyo Monogatari Emaki' (The story of the Saigyo Picture Scrolls) (Author unknown, an extant valuable book to retrace Saigyo's life. The Tokugawa Art Museum Collection. Of the two copies, one was handed down from generation to generation in the Hachisuka family and was in the collection of the Manno Museum which closed in 2004.)
Japanese: 他にも、西行の生涯を知る上で重要な書物の１つである「西行物語絵巻」（作者不明、二巻現存。徳川美術館収蔵。うち、一巻は、蜂須賀家に伝来し、2004年に閉館した萬野美術館に所蔵されていた。）がある。
English: Of the two copies, one was handed down from generation to generation in the Hachisuka family and was in the collection of the Manno Museum which closed in 2004.
Japanese: うち、一巻は、蜂須賀家に伝来し、2004年に閉館した萬野美術館に所蔵されていた。
English: After entering the priesthood, Saigyo lived in a simple hut in various locations as his fancy dictated, traveling to different parts of the country and wrote many poems.
Japanese: 出家後は心のおもむくまま諸所に草庵をいとなみしばしば諸国をめぐり漂白の旅に出て多くの和歌を残した。
English: A legend has it that Saigyo visited the mausoleum of his former master, Emperor Sutoku, to console the soul of the latter in the Sanuki Province; and, it was subsequently made into Hakuho, one of the chapters in "The Tale of Ugetsu" written by Akinari UEDA.
Japanese: 讃岐国に旧主崇徳天皇の陵墓白峰を訪ねてその霊を慰めたと伝えらえ、これは後代上田秋成によって『雨月物語』中の一篇「白峰」に仕立てられている。
English: Additionally, his trip to the Mutsu Province to ask for a financial contribution to the reconstruction of Todai-ji Temple to the Oshu-Fujiwara clan in later life is well known and his meeting with MINAMOTO no Yoritomo along the way in Kamakura is documented in "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East).
Japanese: また特に晩年東大寺再建の勧進を奥州藤原氏に行うために陸奥に下った旅は有名で、この途次に鎌倉で源頼朝に面会したことが『吾妻鏡』に記されている。
English: Chronologically, Saigyo was living in seclusion in the base of the mountains in northern Kyoto, in places such as Kurama, immediately after being a priest and traveled to the Ou region for the first time around 1144.
Japanese: 年次に従って言えば、出家直後は鞍馬などの京都北麓に隠棲し、天養初年（1144年）ごろ奥羽地方へはじめての旅行。
English: Around 1149, Saigyo went to Koya and traveled in the Chugoku and Shikoku regions in 1168.
Japanese: 久安4年(1149年)前後に高野に入り、仁安(日本)3年(1168年)に中四国への旅を行った。
English: In 1186, Saigyo traveled to the Oshu region for the second time to ask for a financial contribution to Todai-ji Temple and, after subsequently staying in Ise, he lived quietly at Hirokawa-dera Temple in Kawachi Province (Kanan-cho, Osaka Prefecture).
Japanese: 文治2年(1186年)に東大寺勧進のため二度目の奥州下りを行い、伊勢に数年住ったあと河内弘川寺（大阪府河南町）に庵居。
English: Saigyo once wrote a poem that read, 'Hopefully, I will die in the spring time when cherry blossoms are in full bloom and around the anniversary of Buddha's death in the time of a full moon in February,' and the way he lived his life was true to his wish reflected in that poem whereby winning fame by touching the hearts of as well as striking a chord with FUJIWARA no Teika and Monk Jien in those days.
Japanese: かつて「願はくは花の下にて春死なん、そのきさらぎの望月のころ」と詠んだ願いに違わなかったとして、その生きざまが藤原定家や僧慈円の感動と共感を呼び当時名声を博した。
English: According to "Gotobain Gokuden," the Retired Emperor Gotoba said, 'I always thought that Saigyo was a true standout who one may meet only once in a lifetime; his poems were so artistic yet profoundly moving, but now that I have met him in person, as if our paths were destined to cross, I believe with admiration that he is a natural poet, I believe with admiration that he is a natural poet.
Japanese: 『後鳥羽院御口伝』に「西行はおもしろくてしかも心ことに深く、ありがたく出できがたきかたもともにあひかねて見ゆ。生得の歌人と覚ゆ。
English: Saigyo, along with FUJIWARA no Toshinari, was a poet who had a major impact on the development of a new style of poetry which is reflected in Shinkokin Wakashu.
Japanese: とあるごとく、藤原俊成とともに新古今の新風形成に大きな影響を与えた歌人であった。
English: Saigyo's style of poems was direct in expressing strong emotions while being straightforward and simple, showing a particular talent with poems about love and general matters in addition to the various seasons.
Japanese: 歌風は率直質実を旨としながらつよい情感をてらうことなく表現するもので、季の歌はもちろんだが恋歌や雑歌に優れていた。
English: He laid the foundation for the Middle Age lyrical poems by introducing the strained quiet loneliness and beauty of silence period making a significant contribution to the art of Japanese poetry.
Japanese: 研ぎすまされた寂寥、閑寂の美をそこに盛ることで、中世的叙情を準備した面でも功績は大きい。
English: The other characteristics of Saigyo's poems is an unrestrained use of slang and other expressions not considered to be part of poetry vocabulary; and, some argue that he may have been influenced by folk songs and a traditional popular song accompanied on the samisen that were popular in those days.
Japanese: また俗語や歌語ならざる語を歌のなかに取入れるなどの自由な詠みくちもその特色で、当時の俗謡や小唄の影響を受けているのではないかという説もある。
English: The reason why Gotobain (the Retired Emperor Gotoba) particularly favored Saigyo may have been the fact that there was a commonality between Saigyo's poems, which have an air of being common, yet elegant, while being quiet, yet sensual and unique.
Japanese: 後鳥羽院が西行をことに好んだのは、こうした平俗にして気品すこぶる高く、閑寂にして艶っぽい歌風が、彼自身の作風と共通するゆえであったのかもしれない。