nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The new Meiji government was gradually taking over foreign loans of former domains, and the debts of the Morioka Domain were the largest of all.
Japanese: 明治新政府は旧諸藩の外国からの借財を漸次肩代わりして処理していたが、盛岡藩の債務は諸藩の中でも多額であった。
English: On the August 28, 1871, Mohei's private property, including mining rights of the copper mine, was confiscated following a mistaken government audit of the Morioka Domain and Mohei.
Japanese: 盛岡藩と茂兵衛との貸借を調査した役人の判断が違っていた為、茂兵衛は明治4年7月13日(旧暦)（1871年8月28日）に銅山の採掘権などの私有財産の差押さえを受けた。
English: Mohei protested, but with the systems not yet complete, and the single judgement of the government office not being overturned, the mining rights were handed to Heizo OKADA, a friend of Inoue KAORU.
Japanese: 異議を申し立てたがまだ諸制度が完備しておらず、まして一度処理した役所の裁断は覆されず井上馨の知人・岡田平蔵に払い下げられた。
English: Mohei did not give up pursuit of legal action, and the case was used by sympathizers of Eto SHINPEI, the then Minister of Justice who was rallying against Inoue KAORU, to make the public aware of corruption.
Japanese: この件について茂兵衛は諦めずに訴え続け、井上馨に反発する当時の法務大臣・江藤新平の意を汲む者等に利用され世間に疑獄であると印象付けた。
English: Yoshishige OTOMO (also known as Sorin OTOMO) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
Japanese: 大友義鎮/大友宗麟（おおともよししげ/-そうりん）は戦国時代(日本)の武将である。
English: The Otomo clan exercised authority as an organizer of gokenin shu (group of immediate vassals of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) in the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) from the Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) together with the Shoni clan and the Shimazu clan.
Japanese: 大友氏は鎌倉時代から南北朝時代(日本)にかけて少弐氏・島津氏とともに幕府御家人衆の束ね役として権勢を振るった。
English: It was Sorin OTOMO that calmed down the situation in the eastern Kitakyushu region where the powers of the Ouchi clan and the Mori clan competed in addition to the local clan and shugo daimyo (shugo (Japanese provincial military governors) that became daimyo (Japanese feudal lords)) in the Sengoku period.
Japanese: 土豪・守護大名に加え大内氏や毛利氏の勢力が錯綜する戦国の北九州東部を平定したのが、大友宗麟である。
English: His mother was said to be the paternal half-sister of Yoshinaga OUCHI who succeeded to the family estate of the Ouchi clan in Suo Province; she was also said to be the daughter of Yoshioki OUCHI.
Japanese: 母は大内義興の娘といわれているが周防国大内氏の家督を継いだ大内義長とは異母兄弟にあたるともいわれている。
English: His younger brothers included Yoshinaga OUCHI, Shioichimaru OTOMO and Chikasada OTOMO (Chikasada is also said to be his nephew).
Japanese: 弟に大内義長、大友塩市丸、大友親貞など（親貞に関しては甥ともいわれる）。
English: Though he was originally devoted to Zen sect, he developed a keen interest in Christianity later and was finally christened.
Japanese: 当初は禅宗に帰依していたが後にキリスト教への関心を強め、ついに自ら洗礼を受けた。
English: He was famous as a Christian daimyo, and was the strongest daimyo in the Kyushu region, temporarily suppressing six provinces in Kyushu region.
Japanese: キリシタン大名としても有名だが一時は九州6ヶ国を平定し、九州最強の大名であった。
English: However, his power declined barely enough to maintain only Bungo Province as a daimyo led by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in his later years after being defeated by Yoshihisa SHIMAZU when the 'Christian Kingdom' was about to be built.
Japanese: しかし「キリシタン王国」建設間近で島津義久に敗れ、晩年には豊臣秀吉の傘下の一大名に甘んじて豊後1国を維持するのがやっとというほどまでに衰退した。
English: He was born in the provincial capital of Bungo Province as the legitimate son of Toshiaki OTOMO, the twentieth family head of the Otomo family, on February 10, 1530.
Japanese: 享禄3年1月3日、大友家第20代当主・大友義鑑の嫡男として豊後国府内に生まれる。
English: His father, Toshiaki, planned to cede the family estate to Shioichimaru, the paternal half-brother of Yoshishige, and had a scheme to disinherit Yoshishige together with Chikazane, his Moriyaku (guardian).
Japanese: 父の義鑑は義鎮の異母弟である塩市丸に家督を譲ろうと画策して、守役の親実と共に義鎮の廃嫡を企んだ。
English: He planned to purge the Yoshishige group while forcing Yoshishige to go to toji (hot spring recuperation) in February 1550.
Japanese: 天文(元号)19年（1550年）2月に義鎮を強制的に湯治に行かせているその間に義鎮派の粛清を計画した。
English: A coup then (Nikaikuzure no hen) broke out, which resulted in the killings of Shioichimaru and his mother along with the injuring of Toshiaki on March 8 and subsequent death on March 10.
Japanese: 2月10日(旧暦)に塩市丸とその母を殺害し義鑑も負傷して2月12日(旧暦)に死去するという政変（二階崩れの変）が起こる。
English: Yoshishige therefore succeeded to the family estate of the Otomo clan and became the twenty-first family head based on Toshiaki's will.
Japanese: そのため義鎮が義鑑の遺言により大友氏の家督を相続し、第21代当主となった。
English: After Yoshitaka OUCHI in Suo Province killed himself because of the rebellion of his vassal, Takafusa SUE (Harukata SUE), in 1551, Yoshishige accepted the proposal of Takafusa to have his brother, Haruhide OTOMO (Yoshinaga OUCHI) become the new family head of the Ouchi family.
Japanese: 天文20年（1551年）に周防の大内義隆が家臣の陶隆房（陶晴賢）の謀反により自害すると、義鎮は隆房の申し出を受けて弟の大友晴英（大内義長）を大内家の新当主として送り込んだ。
English: This caused a cessation of conflict with the Ouchi clan from the Muromachi period, and local lords subject to the Ouchi family in the Kitakyushu region became subject to the Otomo family as well, by which he ensured a power of influence in Suo and Nagato Provinces.
Japanese: これにより室町時代を通した大内氏との対立に終止符を討つと共に北九州における大内家に服属する国人が同時に大友家にも服属することになり、周防・長門国方面にも影響力を確保した。
English: He also defeated the rebellion of his uncle, Yoshitake KIKUCHI, who planned for reinstatement and destroyed the Kikuchi clan in 1554, to ensure power in Higo Province.
Japanese: また復権を目論む叔父の菊池義武の反乱をしりぞけ、天文23年（1554年）には菊池氏を滅亡させて肥後の勢力も確保した。
English: In addition to his father's accidental death, however, Yoshishige developed an interest in Christianity and admitted missionaries including Francis XAVIER and the belief of Christianity into the territory of the Otomo family.
Japanese: しかし父の不慮の死、さらに義鎮がキリスト教に関心を示してフランシスコ・ザビエルら宣教師に大友領内でのキリスト教信仰を許可した。
English: Yoshishige had many difficulties in ruling from the beginning, with rebellions by Akisuke ICHIMADA in 1553 and Akimoto OBARA in 1556 (Seishi Tairitsu Jiken).
Japanese: 天文22年（1553年）に一萬田鑑相、弘治2年（1556年）には小原鑑元が謀反を起こすなど（姓氏対立事件）義鎮の治世は当初から苦難の多いものであった。
English: After Yoshinaga killed himself in the attack of Motonari MORI in 1557 and the Ouchi clan went to ruins, the Otomo clan lost its power of influence in Suo Province.
Japanese: さらに弘治(日本)3年（1557年）、義長が毛利元就に攻め込まれて自害し大内氏が滅亡すると大友氏は周防方面への影響力を失ってしまう。
English: Yoshishige determined to oppose the Mori clan when Motonari MORI advanced into the Kitakyushu region and was successful in ensuring the former territory of the Ouchi clan in the Kitakyushu region by destroying Fumitane AKIZUKI in Chikuzen Province who had been engaged in secret communication with Motonari.
Japanese: 毛利元就が北九州に進出してくると義鎮は毛利氏との対立を決意し、元就と内通した筑前の秋月文種を滅ぼすなど北九州における旧大内領は確保することに成功した。
English: He made an enormous donation to Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, the 13th shogun of the Muromachi bakufu in 1559 and was appointed to Shugo (provincial constable) of Buzen and Chikuzen Provinces in July of that year and Kyushu Tandai (local commissioner) in December of the same year.
Japanese: 永禄2年（1559年）には室町幕府第13代将軍・足利義輝に多大な献金運動をして、同年6月には豊前国・筑前国の守護に任ぜられ同年11月には九州探題に補任された。
English: He was appointed to Saemon no kami (captain of the Left Division of Outer Palace Guards) in 1560 (this was a higher rank than "Shuri no daibu") (Master of the Office of Palace Repairs) which was of the traditional family estate of the Otomo clan and was a high officer appointed only to the Hatakeyama clan in ranks other than the court noble.
Japanese: 永禄3年（1560年）には、左衛門督に任官する（これは従来の大友氏家督の「修理大夫」より上位の官位であり、当時公家以外では畠山氏以外には任官されていなかった高官である。）
English: (This shows that he enormously donated to the Ashikaga shogun family and was trusted to such an extent.)
Japanese: （この事から足利将軍家に多大な献金を行っていた事と、その信頼を受けていた事が察する事ができる）。
English: Thus, Yoshishige established the maximum territory in the Kyushu region in both reality and in name, creating the height of prosperity of the Otomo clan.
Japanese: このように義鎮は名実共に九州に置ける最大版図を築き上げ、大友氏の全盛期を創出したのである。
English: With continuously providing much support to the Ashikaga shogun family, he was appointed to Shobanshu (officials who accompany the Shogun) of Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA in 1563 and held close relationships, such as asking for mediation by the shogun family in reconciliatory negotiations with the Mori clan.
Japanese: その後も足利将軍家には多大な援助を続け、永禄6年（1563年）には足利義輝の相伴衆に任ぜられ後に毛利氏との和睦交渉などにも将軍家の調停を依頼するなど関係は密であった。
English: The Mori clan attempted to advance into the Kitakyushu region again after destroying the Amago clan in the Sanin (mountain provinces behind the Sanyo or Inland Sea provinces.)
Japanese: 毛利氏は山陰の尼子氏を滅ぼすと、再び北九州へ食指を伸ばすようになる。
English: In 1567, Kokujin (local samurai) of the Otomo clan in Buzen and Chikuzen Provinces rose in revolt with secret communication with Motonari MORI and Akitane TAKAHASHI, a senior vassal also joined in but Sorin ordered Dosetsu TACHIBANA and others to calm down this situation.
Japanese: 永禄10年（1567年）、豊前や筑前方面で大友方の国人が毛利元就と内通して蜂起しこれに重臣の高橋鑑種も加わるという事態になったが、宗麟は立花道雪らに命じてこれを平定させた。
English: In addition, in the battle with the Mori clan, Sorin requested the missionary to import saltpeter, the raw material of gunpowder used in guns, for he was the person to protect Christianity and the Mori clan was the clan to suppress.
Japanese: また、この毛利氏との戦闘の中で宗麟は宣教師に鉄砲に用いる火薬の原料である硝石の輸入を要請し、その理由として自分はキリスト教を保護する者であり毛利氏はキリスト教を弾圧する者である。
English: To break it down, he wrote a letter to ask for provision of good quality saltpeter to the Otomo clan and to prevent the Mori clan from importing it.
Japanese: これを打ち破る為に大友氏には良質の硝石を、毛利氏には硝石を輸入させないようにとの手紙を出している。
English: He led his army to invade Hizen Province for subjugation of Takanobu RYUZOJI expanding his power there in 1569, but he withdrew immediately due to Motonari's invasion into Chikuzen Province.
Japanese: 永禄12年（1569年）、肥前で勢力を拡大する龍造寺隆信を討伐するため自ら軍勢を率いて肥前に侵攻するが元就が筑前に侵攻してきたため、慌てて撤退する。
English: Due to the proposal of Nagamasu YOSHIOKA, a senior vassal, he forced Teruhiro OUCHI, a remnant (of a defeated party) of the Ouchi clan to move to Suo Province along with suigunshu (a warrior battling in the sea) Shigeoki WAKABAYASHI to threaten the rearguard supporters of the Mori clan and force Motonari to retreat into Aki Province.
Japanese: そして重臣の吉岡長増の進言を受けて大内氏の残党である大内輝弘に水軍衆の若林鎮興を付け周防に上陸させて毛利氏の後方を脅かし、元就を安芸国に撤退へと追い込んだ。
English: He suffered a crushing defeat in the Battle of Imayama with his younger brother Chikasada being killed by Takanobu RYUZOJI after invading Hizen Province again in 1570 and had to reconcile with Takanobu in unfavorable conditions.
Japanese: 元亀元年（1570年）、再度肥前に侵攻するが今山の戦いで龍造寺隆信に弟の親貞を討たれるという大敗を喫し、隆信と不利な条件で和睦せざるを得なくなった。
English: He encouraged anti-Ryuzoji power in Chikugo and Hizen Provinces later, but he could not stop the expansion of the power of the Ryuzoji clan.
Japanese: その後も筑後や肥前の反龍造寺勢力を扇動するも、龍造寺氏の勢力の膨張を防ぐことはできなかった。
English: In 1576, he relinquished the family estate to his first son, Yoshimune OTOMO to retire in Nyushima-jo Castle.
Japanese: 天正4年（1576年）、家督を長男の大友義統に譲って丹生島城へ隠居する。
English: When Yoshihisa SHIMAZU in Satsuma Province started to invade Hyuga Province in 1577, Sorin also lead a large force and departed (discussed below).
Japanese: 天正5年（1577年）、薩摩国の島津義久が日向国侵攻を開始すると、宗麟も大軍を率いて出陣した（これに関しては以下後述）。
English: However, he suffered a crushing defeat in the Battle of Mimi-kawa in 1578 and lost many senior vassals.
Japanese: しかし天正6年（1578年）に耳川の戦いで島津軍に大敗し、多くの重臣を失った。
English: Various powers in Chikugo Province such as the Kamachi clan, the Kusano clan and the Kuroki clan left from the influence of the Otomo clan after 1579 and the conflict with Yoshimune OTOMO who succeeded to the family estate deepened due to the feud of dualistic politics.
Japanese: さらに天正7年（1579年）頃からは、蒲池氏・草野氏・黒木氏などの筑後国の諸勢力が大友氏の影響下から離れ、また、家督を譲った大友義統とも、二元政治の確執から対立が深まった。
English: Sorin was christened by a missionary, Francisco CABRAL in August right before the Battle of Mimi-kawa and formally became Christian with the Christian name 'Don Francisco.'
Japanese: なお、耳川の戦い直前の7月、宗麟は宣教師のフランシスコ・カブラルから洗礼を受け、洗礼名を「ドン・フランシスコ」と名乗り、正式にキリスト教徒となった。
English: Thereafter, he used 'Furan' for his own signature in his letters to vassals.
Japanese: 以後、家臣へ宛てた書状の中などでは自身の署名として「府蘭」を用いている。
English: Due to a number of rebellions of local lords in many regions of Otomo clan's territory after the Battle of Mimi-kawa in addition to the invasions by Yoshihisa SHIMAZU, Takanobu RYUZOJI, Tanesada AKIZUKI and others, the territory of the Otomo clan was occupied one after another.
Japanese: 耳川の戦い後、大友領内の各地で国人の反乱が相次ぎさらに島津義久や龍造寺隆信、秋月種実らの侵攻もあって大友氏の領土は次々と侵食されていく。
English: After Takanobu was defeated and killed by the army of the Shimazu clan in the Battle of Okitanawate in 1584, Sorin ordered Dosetsu TACHIBANA to invade Chikugo Province and regained the majority of the province.
Japanese: 天正12年（1584年）に沖田畷の戦いで隆信が島津軍に敗死すると立花道雪に命じて筑後国侵攻を行い、筑後国の大半を奪回した。
English: However, Yoshihisa SHIMAZU thought Dosetsu's death of disease in 1585 to be his good opportunity and started to move northward.
Japanese: しかし、天正13年（1585年）に道雪が病死してしまい、これを好機と見た島津義久の北上が始まることとなる。
English: For this reason, in 1586 Sorin had an audience in Osaka-jo Castle with Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who proceeded the unification policy in the central government to ask for support.
Japanese: このため天正14年（1586年）、宗麟は中央で統一政策を進める豊臣秀吉に大坂城で謁見して支援を要請する。
English: However, Yoshihisa SHIMAZU invaded the territory of the Otomo clan later and the army of Iehisa SHIMAZU defeated the Otomo clan in the Battle of Hetsugi-gawa River to occupy the territory of Bungo Province which was the home ground in January 1587.
Japanese: しかし島津義久はその後も大友領へ侵攻し、天正14年（1586年）12月には島津家久軍が戸次川の戦いで大友方を破って本拠地である豊後国府内を占領してしまった。
English: At that time, Sorin who held up in Usuki-jo Castle (Nyushima-jo Castle) used a cannon and Kunikuzushi (literally, destroying a nation) (フランキ砲, named after its power) to defend Usuki-jo Castle and show pride as a daimyo in the Sengoku period.
Japanese: このとき、臼杵城（丹生島城）に籠城していた宗麟は大砲・国崩し（フランキ砲のこと。その大きな威力からこのように名づけられた）を使って臼杵城を死守し戦国大名としての意地を見せた。
English: Hideyoshi led his army for conquest of the Kyushu region in 1587 and defeated Shimazu's army in various places.
Japanese: 天正15年（1587年）、秀吉は自ら兵を率いて九州征伐に出陣し各地で島津軍を破っていく。
English: Sorin fell ill amid the rapidly reversing situation of the war and died of disease in Tsukumi, Bungo Province just before the surrender of Yoshihisa SHIMAZU.
Japanese: 宗麟は戦局が一気に逆転していく中で病気に倒れ、島津義久の降伏直前に豊後国津久見で病死した。
English: Though Hideyoshi planned to give the territory of Hyuga Province to Sorin, it was said that he declined it for lack of his motivation for governing it or had very recently died.
Japanese: 秀吉は宗麟に日向の地を与えようとしていたが統治意欲を失っていた宗麟はこれを辞退した、もしくは直前に死去したとされている。
English: His grave is located in Tsukumi City, Oita Prefecture and Zuiho-in Temple which is a minor temple in Mt. Ryuho Daitoku-ji Temple site in Kita Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: 墓は大分県津久見市内と京都市北区の龍寶山大徳寺の塔頭寺院である瑞峯院にある。
English: Though the Christian-style funeral ceremony was held right before Sorin's death and his grave was placed in his house, his legitimate son, Yoshimune, held the Buddhist funeral ceremony in Daichi-ji Temple in Funai (provincial cities which consist of local governments as the core of the city) later and also changed the grave to a Buddhist grave.
Japanese: 宗麟の死の直後はキリスト教式の葬儀が行われ墓は自邸に設けられたが、後に嫡男・義統が改めて府内の大知寺で仏式の葬儀を行い墓地も仏式のものに改めた。
English: His grave was later ruined, but 臼杵城豊 who was the descendant of Sorin's vassal moved it at his own expense during the Kansei era (1789-1801).
Japanese: その後、墓は荒廃したが寛政年間（1789年～1801年）に宗麟の家臣の末裔である臼杵城豊が自費で改葬した。
English: The current graveyard in Tsukumi City was moved from the previous place as the newly Christian-style grave by Tamotsu UEDA, a mayor of Oita City at that time in 1977.
Japanese: 津久見市内の現在の墓所は昭和52年（1977年）に当時の大分市長・上田保によって新たにキリスト教式の墓として、従来の場所から移されたものである。
English: Yoshishige who was known as a Christian daimyo encountered Christianity when he visited the missionary of the Society of Jesus, Francis XAVIER visiting Bungo Province for propagation in 1551.
Japanese: キリシタン大名としても知られる義鎮だが、天文20年（1551年）に豊後へ布教のためにやってきたイエズス会宣教師・フランシスコ・ザビエルを引見したことがキリスト教との出会いであった。
English: He was christened 27 years later, in August 1578 and dispatched his vassal with a letter to King of Portugal.
Japanese: 27年後の天正6年（1578年）7月にキリスト教の洗礼を受け、ポルトガル国王に親書を持たせた家臣を派遣している。
English: In addition, he had friendships with Soshitsu SHIMAI, Sotan KAMIYA and others of Hakata merchants and carried out trade between Japan and the Ming Dynasty in China as well as Japan-Korea Trade (however, they actually gained profit by trading with the Ming Dynasty in China and Korea until the late of 15th century and such trade declined after the Sanpo War while actual profit was transferred to local lords on Tsushima Island utilizing the nominal sign of the Otomo clan and wealthy merchants in Hakata).
Japanese: また博多商人の島井宗室や神谷宗湛らと交友し、日明貿易や日朝貿易も行った（しかし実際に明国や朝鮮などとの貿易で利益をもたらしていたのは15世紀後半辺りまでで、三浦の乱を契機に少なくとも明・朝鮮との貿易関係は衰退し、名義上大友氏の看板を利用した対馬の国人や博多の豪商らに実利は移ってしまった。
English: The books written by Mikio TOYAMA and others describes that most of the imported goods were 'luxury goods' with few products influencing economically or militarily such as foods and weapons and that not much actual profit was generated.
Japanese: また輸入品は食料や武器など経済・軍事的に影響する物は少なく、多くは所謂「奢侈品」であったとされ、それ程実質的な利益は上げていなかったことが外山幹夫氏の著作などで指摘されている。
English: With a shortage of territory to give to strong vassals as reward grants in the Yoshishige era, economic circumstances were not good, for example, giving the license for using the pattern of gyoyo (a type of crest) (the family crest which the Otomo clan used) instead of confiscating the territory of temples and shrines or giving territories).
Japanese: むしろ義鎮時代は有力家臣へ恩賞として与える領土が不足し、寺社領の没収や領地の代わりに杏葉紋（大友氏の使用した家紋）の使用権を与えるなどして代用するなど経済状況は決して良くはなかった）。
English: Sorin built a hospital for Western medical science introduced by a missionary in his territory where people of the domain were allowed to have checkups for free.
Japanese: 宗麟は領内に、宣教師が伝えた西洋医学の病院を作り、領民は無料で診察を受けることが出来た。
English: At first, Sorin protected Christians for the purpose of trade, but he was soon attracted to the doctrine of Christianity, and finally joined and caused the Battle of Mimi-kawa while dreaming about building Mushika (ideal world, represented as 務志賀 in Chinese characters, around present-day Mushikamachi, Nobeoka City, Miyazaki Prefecture) in Hyuga Province.
Japanese: 当初は貿易目的のためにキリシタンを保護していたが次第に宗麟自身もキリスト教の教義に惹かれるようになり、遂には入信し日向にムシカ（理想郷。漢字表記は務志賀とされる。現在の宮崎県延岡市無鹿町の付近）の建国を夢見て耳川の合戦を引き起こすことになる。
English: Mushika came from 'Mujika' meaning music in Spanish, and Sorin was so impressed after listening to Western music and dreamed of a peaceful ideal world like its melody.
Japanese: ムシカとはスペイン語で音楽を意味する「ムジカ」に由来し、宗麟はかつて西洋の音楽を聴いて非常に感銘を受け、その旋律のように平和な理想郷を夢見た。
English: It is said that he had an autocratic personality and didn't care about others' feelings, and the records about his behaviors as the autocratic monarch remained, such as stealing his vassal's wife (the wife of Chikazane ICHIMADA), divorcing her over Christianity, and indulging in drinking, which caused rebellions of his vassals and family.
Japanese: 他人の気持ちを考えない横暴な性格と伝えられており、家臣の妻（一萬田親実の妻）を略奪したり、キリスト教をめぐって妻と離婚したり、酒色に耽るなど横暴な君主としての記録も残っており、それが家臣や一族の反乱を引き起こした要因となっている。
English: There is a story that Dosetsu TACHIBANA warned Sorin about rejecting government affairs by indulging in frivolity.
Japanese: 政務を拒否し遊び惚けた宗麟を立花道雪が戒めたという逸話も残っている。
English: In Tensho-keno-shonen-shisetsu (The Mission of Youths to the West in the Tensho Era) where Christian daimyo in the Kyushu region dispatched to Rome in 1582, he dispatched Mancio ITO as a representative.
Japanese: 天正10年（1582年）に九州のキリシタン大名らがローマへ派遣した天正遣欧少年使節では、伊東マンショを名代として派遣している。
English: (However, there is the story that Yoshishige probably didn't know this. Refer to the article of Mancio ITO for details.)
Japanese: （ただし、この件を義鎮本人が関知していなかった可能性が高いという説もある。詳しくは伊東マンショの項を参照。）
English: The reason why Sorin was called "unselfish busho" seems to be because Sorin in his later years sought for his longer life and peace rather than territory (as mentioned above, he was active in expanding his territory in the first half of his life.)
Japanese: 「欲の無い武将」と称されるが、これは晩年の宗麟が求めていたものが領土よりも自分の命の永らえや安らぎであったことからではないかと思われる（前述のとおり、前半生の宗麟は領土拡大に積極的だった）。
English: Regarding politics, however, he showed excellent ability in leading Motonari MORI around by the nose.
Japanese: しかし政略においては、毛利元就ですら手玉に取るほどの手腕を見せている。
English: Utilizing the authority of the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) which had already been in name only, he was given the posts of Shugoshiki (military governor) and Kyushu Tandai (local commissioner) by providing an enormous amount of money for presentation and established justification for governing Kyushu region.
Japanese: すでに有名無実となっていた室町幕府の権威を利用し、莫大な献上金を差し出して守護職・九州探題職を得、九州支配の正当化を確立している。
English: Particularly, he had a remarkable skill in diplomacy, such as temporarily reconciling with Yoshihisa with the backing of the friendship with Nobunaga ODA who was tenkabito at that time in 1581.
Japanese: さらに天正9年（1581年）には当時の天下人・織田信長と誼を通じ、それを後ろ盾にして一時的に義久と和睦するなど外交手腕には特に秀でていた。
English: The Battle of Mimi-kawa was often considered to be the reckless war with the dreaming of building the "Christian Kingdom" mainly led by Sorin.
Japanese: 耳川の戦いは、宗麟主導のもとでキリスト教王国建設を夢見て行なった無謀な戦争とされることが多い。
English: However, Sorin didn't issue the documents related to the management of his territories from 1577 to 1578.
Japanese: しかし天正5年（1577年）から天正6年（1578年）にかけて宗麟は領国経営に関する文書を発行していない。
English: Judging from the fact that Sorin was retiring and not the family head, Yoshishige took part in dealing with the state after the defeat at the requests from vassals, it is said that the Battle of Mimi-kawa was mainly led by Yoshishige, not Sorin.
Japanese: さらに敗北後の事態収拾に当主だった義統ではなく隠居していた宗麟が家臣団の要請を受けて出馬していることから、耳川の戦いは宗麟ではなく義統主導によるものだったのではないかとも言われている。
English: There is the story that the supreme commander, Chikakata TAWARA who was a relative of Sorin triggered a protest from senior vassals including Akisumi USUKI.
Japanese: また、宗麟の姻戚であった総大将、田原親賢が臼杵鑑速などの重臣達の反発を招いた結果だという説もある。
English: There is another story that it was because Chikataka was not supported by Christian believers and missionaries because he hated Christianity.
Japanese: 親賢はキリスト教を嫌悪していたので、信徒や宣教師の支援が得られなかったことが原因という説もある。
English: It was also said that Yoshishige became a Christian to introduce the superior culture of Nanban (Western Europe).
Japanese: キリシタンになったのは、南蛮の優れた文化を取り入れるためともいわれる。
English: However, that Sorin became a Christian led to the conflict of vassals of the Otomo family, which ironically would come to the surface in the form of an uprising of local lords in Sorin's later years.
Japanese: しかしキリシタンになったことが大友家臣団の対立にも結びつき、これが宗麟の晩年に国人の蜂起という形で表面化することとなったのは皮肉である。
English: Because of being heavily involved in the faith of Christianity, Sorin thoroughly destroyed shrines and temples, fasted on Friday and Saturday and even destroyed a Daruma doll introduced to his family.
Japanese: また宗麟は、キリスト教信仰に深入りした余り、神社仏閣を徹底的に破壊する、金曜日・土曜日には断食をする、それまで家に伝わっていただるまをも破壊するなどという行為も行なっている。
English: Though it was known that he was committed to Christianity and destroyed shrines and temples in his later years, it was the behavior of Yoshishige who was said to dream of building the "Christian Kingdom" only in Hyuga Province of invading it, and no material was found to prove that Yoshishige destroyed shrines and temples in his home ground, Bungo Province.
Japanese: 後半生にキリスト教に傾倒し寺社仏閣を破壊したという話が知られているが、これは日向国侵攻においてキリスト教国建設を夢見たとされる義鎮が日向国内限定で行った行為であり、本拠である豊後国内で義鎮が寺社仏閣を破壊したことを示す資料は見当たらない。
English: However, Yoshimune who was the family head in the next term actively destroyed shrines in Chikugo, Bungo and other provinces.
Japanese: しかし、次期当主であった義統は筑後国や豊後国内などで積極的に寺社の破壊を行っている。
English: It depended on the political reason rather than the religious issue, because of uncooperative power of shrines in the circumstances of the declining power of the Otomo family, the shortage of land provided to vassals as territory and giving temples and shrines accepted by vassals.
Japanese: これは宗教的な問題からというよりも、大友家の勢力が衰退する中で寺社勢力が非協力的になった為と家臣に所領として与える土地がなくなった為、寺社領を取り上げて家臣に与えるという政治的理由の方が大きかったとされる。
English: In the end, it was only when Yoshishige temporarily governed the northern part of Hyuga Province that he actively ordered to destroy temples and shrines.
Japanese: いずれにせよ、義鎮が積極的に寺社破壊を命じたのは一時的に日向北部を支配した時期だけである。
English: He was such a lustful person that he went all the way to Kyoto to find beautiful women and indiscriminately repeated a number of acts like stealing marriages once having an eye on them.
Japanese: かなりの好色家であったようでわざわざ京都に赴いて美女を探し、目星をつけると見境無く略奪婚のようなことを繰り返したとされる。