nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: He had been on close terms with Jokei, who worked hard for restoration of Kofuku-ji Temple from the aspect of learning of religious doctrines, and Chogen, who devoted himself to the restoration of Todai-ji Temple; especially, the friendship with the former lasted even after they retired.
Japanese: また、教学の面から興福寺の再興に尽力した貞慶や東大寺再興に奔走した重源との親交も深く、特に前者との交友は互いが遁世した後も続いた。
English: After he handed over his position of betto to Kakuken who supported him as gon no betto (acting chief) for a long time, monzeki (head post) of Ichijo-in Temple to his disciple Ryoen, and monzeki of Daijo-in Temple to another disciple Jitsuson, respectively, he resigned his post as Homu Daisojo in 1191, and the following year, in 1192, he lived in retirement in Shoryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Bodai where he started its restoration himself, and he came to be called 'bodaisan (Mt. Bodai) sojo (high-ranking Buddhist priest)' or 'bodaisan gobo (a respectful way to call someone in a high position in Buddhism).'
Japanese: 別当職を権別当として長く彼を補佐した覚憲に、一乗院門跡を弟子の良円に、大乗院門跡を同じく弟子の実尊に、それぞれ譲って後、1191年（建久2年）には法務大僧正を辞し、翌1192年（建久3年）には自ら再興事業に着手した菩提山正暦寺に隠遁し「菩提山僧正」あるいは「菩提山御房」と呼ばれた。
English: In Shoryaku-ji Temple, he also made efforts to restore the halls which were lost by the fire of Nanto Yakiuchi and keep them in good condition, and is called a restorer of the temple.
Japanese: 正暦寺においても南都焼討に伴う回禄で失われた諸堂の再興と整備に尽力し、同寺中興の祖と称されている。
English: Shoshin (1187 - August 16, 1275) is a Buddhist priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) who lived during the middle of the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 性信（しょうしん、文治3年（1187年）-建治元年7月17日(旧暦)（1275年8月9日））は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土真宗の僧。
English: After becoming a priest in 1204, he studied Jodo (Pure Land) sect of Buddhism under Honen (founder of Jodo sect) and later became a believer in Shinran's teachings.
Japanese: 1204年（元久元年）出家して法然に師事して浄土教を学び、のちに親鸞に帰依した。
English: He built Hoon-ji Temple in Yokozone of the Shimosa Province (the present Joso City, Ibaraki Prefecture) and became a leading figure of the Yokozone monto (followers in Yokozone) centering around Yokozone and Iinuma.
Japanese: 下総国横曾根（現在茨城県常総市）に報恩寺を建立し、横曾根・飯沼を中心とする横曾根門徒の中心的人物となった。
English: In the Heretical Incident (it refers to an incident where Zenran caused confusion among followers by spreading false teachings of Shinran) caused by Zenran, Shinran's son, Shoshin was known for his devotion to solution of the problem.
Japanese: 親鸞の子善鸞が起こした異端事件では、その解決に尽力したことで知られている。
English: Junsai (year of birth unknown - March 16, 1207) was a priest of the Jodo (Pure Land) sect of Buddhism who lived from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period
Japanese: 遵西（じゅんさい、生年不詳-建永2年2月9日(旧暦)（1207年3月9日））は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての浄土宗の僧。
English: In 1192 when Honen, at the wish of a Buddhist priest named Hachido Kenbutsu of the Yamato Province, dedicated Betsuji nenbutsu (practices in which ascetics chant the name of the Buddha and give invocation of the Buddha's name on a fixed date and time) at the Yasaka Indo-ji Temple, Junsai, together with his fellow priest Juren, was engaged in devotional exercises of Rokuji raisan (devotional exercises where Buddhist priests pray to the Buddha at six in the morning and the evening).
Japanese: 1192年（建久3年）法然が大和国八道見仏の発願により八坂引導寺で別時念仏を修する際、遵西は住蓮とともに六時礼讃を勤行している。
English: In 1198 when Honen compiled Senchaku Hongan Nenbutsu Shu (the holy writings of the Jodo sect), Junsai was ordered to write it.
Japanese: 1198年（建久9年）法然が選択本願念仏集を撰述する際には、その執筆を命じられている。
English: Blessed with musical talent, he had followers of the nenbutsu chant the Rokuji raisan in a chorus to a tune he had written with his fellow priest Juren, and thus he played a vital role in spreading Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu).
Japanese: 音楽的才能に恵まれ、同門の住蓮とともに六時礼讃に曲節をつけて念仏の信者たちに合唱させ、専修念仏の普及に大きな役割を果たした。
English: Under suspicion that he committed adultery with court ladies who were serving Emperor Gotoba, he was executed by decapitation along with his disciple priests at the riverbank of Rokujo-gawara in 1207.
Japanese: 後鳥羽天皇の女房たちと密通をはたらいたという嫌疑をかけられ、1207年（建永2年・承元元年）、弟子の僧と共に六条河原で斬首に処せられた。
English: This incident directly triggered Jogen no Honan (an event where four apprentices of Honen were executed and seven others including Honen and Shinran were banished by Retired Emperor Gotoba) for which Honen was exiled to Oki Island and Shinran to the Echigo Province.
Japanese: この事件は、法然が讃岐に配流され、親鸞が越後に配流された承元の法難の直接のきっかけとなった。
English: Genei (year of birth unknown – 840) was a priest of the Sanron sect of Buddhism who lived during the early Heian period.
Japanese: 玄叡（げんえい、生年不詳-承和(日本)7年（840年））は、平安時代前期の三論宗の僧。
English: In 826 he was appointed to Gon no Risshi (generally in Shingon sect, fifteenth-ranking Buddhist priest, literally, "supernumerary master of discipline") and to Risshi (the third rank of priest following Sojo and Sozu) in 827, the next year, after he lectured in the court on the doctrine of the sect at the Buddhist religious service of the memorial ceremony for the completion of Yakushi Nyorai-zo (statue of Yakushi Nyorai, the Healing Buddha).
Japanese: 826年（天長3年）権律師に任じられ、翌827年（天長4年）には宮中薬師如来像慶讃の法座で宗義を講じ律師に任じられた。
English: In 830 as one of the Tencho Rokupon Shusho (six books compiled at Imperial command by the six Buddhism sects during the Tencho era; each sect described the spirit and the characteristics of its own teachings) ordered by Emperor Junna, on behalf of the Sanron sect he compiled 'Daijo Sanron Daigisho' (notes of religious teachings of the Sanron sect), where he mainly developed the doctrine of his own sect, arguing down that of the Hosso sect (Japanese equivalent of the Chinese Faxiang sect) which in those days was aggressive against the Sanron sect.
Japanese: 830年（天長7年）淳和天皇の命による天長六本宋書の一つとして、三論宗を代表して「大乗三論大乗三論大義鈔」を撰述し、その中では主に当時三論宗に対して攻勢にあった法相宗の宗義を論破しながら三論宗義を展開した。
English: Kaisen Joki (year of birth unknown - April 25, 1582) was a priest of the Rinzai Sect of Buddhism from the Warring States period and the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 快川紹喜（かいせんじょうき、生年不詳-天正10年4月3日(旧暦)（1582年4月25日））は、戦国時代(日本)、安土桃山時代の臨済宗の僧。
English: After serving at a temple in Mino Province, he became the 43rd priest of Myoshin-ji Temple; he later moved from Sofuku-ji Temple in Mino Province (Gifu City) to Kai Province.
Japanese: 美濃国の寺院を経て妙心寺の43世に就任し、美濃国の崇福寺(岐阜市)から甲斐国に移った。
English: He was welcomed by Shingen TAKEDA, entered Shioyama Erin-ji Temple and gave Shingen the priest name, Kizan.
Japanese: 武田信玄に迎えられて塩山恵林寺に入寺し、信玄に機山の号を授けている。
English: Since there was a social consensus in the Middle Ages that temples and shrines were sacred, Kaisen gave shelter to Yoshiharu ROKKAKU and others who fought against Nobunaga in Erin-ji Temple.
Japanese: そして中世において寺院は聖域であるとする社会的観念があったため信長に敵対した六角義治らを恵林寺にかくまった。
English: Since the temple members refused Nobutada ODA's order to hand them over, Nobutada put fire on the temple and Joki and other priests were killed.
Japanese: すると織田信忠の引渡し要求を拒否したことから焼討ちにあい、一山の僧とともに焼死を遂げた。
English: Joki has been famous for his farewell poem (composed before his death), saying "Meditation does not always require a quiet place. If you have established your own philosophy, nothing will trouble you as if you would feel fire cool.(安禅必ずしも山水を用いず、心頭滅却すれば火も亦た涼し" (The original text written by Jukukaku TO says "as if fire itself would be cool.(火も自ずから涼し) "
Japanese: このとき残した「安禅必ずしも山水を用いず、心頭滅却すれば火も亦た涼し」の辞世で知られる（杜荀鶴の原典は「…火も自ずから涼し」）。
English: It is suggested that the farewell poem was not made by Kaisen; "Koranki," said that the poem was written by Takayama Osho, who held a dialogue with Kaisen; that poem was not found in any documents of that period but in modern documents.
Japanese: これは『甲乱記』では快川と問答した高山和尚の言葉とされており、同時代文献には見られず近世の編纂物に登場していることから、本来は快川の逸話でなかった可能性が指摘されている。
English: It is also considered that Kaisen Joki and Mitsuhide AKECHI, who was also born in Mino Province, belonged to the same Toki clan.
Japanese: また、快川紹喜は明智光秀と同じく美濃国の土岐氏出身であり、同族であったと見られている。
English: Therefore, some believe that Joki's death influenced Mitsuhide's attack on Nobunaga and Nobutada at Honno-ji Temple in the Honnoji Incident.
Japanese: このため、本能寺の変において光秀が信長・信忠父子を討ち取った事件に、彼の死が影響したとする見方もある。
English: He is also known for writing "Carp climbing the waterfall with intense mind shall fall when tension is released (meaning don't let your guard down)."
Japanese: 「滝のぼる鯉の心は張り弓の緩めば落つる元の川瀬に」という言葉でも知られる。
English: Kakuun (953 - December 18, 1007) was a Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect who lived in the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 覚運（かくうん、天暦7年（953年）-寛弘4年10月30日(旧暦)（1007年12月12日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: As he gained the favor of the Imperial Court and nobles, he lectured to FUJIWARA no Michinaga on the Makashikan (the Mahayana practice of cessation and contemplation) and so on, lectured to Emperor Ichijo on the Hokkesho (annotation of the Lotus Sutra), and he concerned himself with various Buddhist rites relating to the family of FUJIWARA no Michinaga.
Japanese: 宮廷貴族に取り入り、藤原道長に摩訶止観等を講じ、一条天皇には法華疏を進講したほか、道長家に関係する様々な仏事に関与した。
English: In 1003, he was appointed as the Gon no Shosozu (a provisional junior rank in the second-highest position of priest), and later Gon dai sozu (the provisional second-highest position, upper grade, of priest).
Japanese: この間1003年（長保5年）権少僧都に任じられ、その後権大僧都となった。
English: Kakujo (1013 - December 9, 1063) was a Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect who lived in the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 覚助（かくじょ、長和2年（1013年）-康平6年11月11日(旧暦)（1063年12月3日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: Buan (c. 764 - October 15, 840) was a priest of the Ritsu sect during the early Heian period.
Japanese: 豊安（ぶあん、天平宝字8年（764年）頃？-承和(日本)7年9月13日(旧暦)（840年10月11日））は、平安時代初期の律宗の僧。
English: After the death of his mentor Nyoho in 815, he succeeded as the fifth at Toshodai-ji-Temple and was named Risshi (the third rank of priest following Sojo and Sozu) in the following year in 816.
Japanese: 815年（弘仁6年）師の如宝が没した後は唐招提寺の第5世を継ぎ、翌816年（弘仁7年）律師に任じられた。
English: Buan handed down Bosatsu-kai (Bodhisattva Precepts) to Emperor Heijo and in 827, and was promoted to Shosozu (a junior prelate).
Japanese: 平城天皇らに菩薩戒を授戒し、827年（天長4年）には少僧都に昇任した。
English: In 830, as a representative of Ritsu sect, Buan presented to Emperor Junna three volumes of 'Kairitsu Denrai Shushi Mondo' (Questions and answers about the precepts of Buddhism).
Japanese: 830年（天長7年）には律宗を代表して淳和天皇に「戒律伝来宗旨問答」3巻を撰呈している。
English: When Saicho asked for the establishment of Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) in Enryaku-ji Temple, Buan together with Gomyo of Gango-ji Temple publicly opposed it.
Japanese: 最澄が延暦寺に戒壇設置を求めた際に元興寺の護命とともに反対論を唱えた。
English: When Shio-in was built in Enryaku-ji Temple in 838, Buan worked as doshi (leader) there.
Japanese: しかし、838年（承和5年）に延暦寺に四王院が創建された際には導師を務めている。
English: Kakucho (960 - February 21, 1034), a Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect, lived in the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 覚超（かくちょう、天徳(日本)4年（960年）-長元7年1月24日(旧暦)（1034年2月15日））は平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: He studied Tendai doctrine under the priests Ryogen and Genshin of the temple on Mt. Hiei, and he studied Esoteric Buddhism under Keien (Tendai sect).
Japanese: 比叡山良源・源信(僧侶)について天台教学を学び、慶円(天台宗)のもとで密教を学んだ。
English: He was an expert on the theory of Esoteric Buddhism and wrote many literary works on the subject; later he became the originator of a school called "Taimitsu kawaryu."
Japanese: 密教教学に秀で、密教関係の著作を多く残し、その後覚超の流派は台密川流と称された。
English: Dosho (1171 - August 21, 1248), a Buddhist priest of the Soto sect, lived in the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 道正（どうしょう、承安(日本)元年（1171年）-宝治2年7月24日(旧暦)（1248年8月14日））は、鎌倉時代前期の曹洞宗の僧。
English: Dosho was born in Kyoto, and after wandering around various regions, in 1223 he went to China in the Sung Dynasty, along with Myozen and Dogen.
Japanese: 京都に生まれ、諸国を遍歴した後、1223年（貞応2年）明全（みょうぜん）・道元とともに中国の宋(王朝)へ渡った。
English: In the winter of 1227, when Dogen got a disease on his way back to Japan, an incarnation of the god appeared and gave Dogen a pill.
Japanese: 1227年（貞応6年）の冬、日本への帰途道元が病を得ると、神人が現れて一丸薬を与えられた。
English: After he returned to Japan, he lived cloistered away in a thatched hut he made at Kinoshita (the present-day Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City) in Rakusai (west of the capital of Kyoto).
Japanese: 道正は日本に帰ると世俗を離れ、洛西の木下（現在の京都市上京区）に草庵を建てて篭居した。
English: One theory holds that Doto went to Tang Dynasty China and studied the Sanron sect under Kajo Daishi Kichizo.
Japanese: 一説によれば唐に渡って嘉祥大師吉蔵に師事して三論宗を学んだとも言われている。
English: It is believed that in 646 Doto together with Dosho contributed to building Uji-bashi Bridge.
Japanese: 翌646年（大化2年）には道昭とともに宇治橋を架けたといわれている。
English: In 650 when Kokushi (provincial governor) of Anato Province (later Nagato Province) presented Hakuchi (white pheasants) to the emperor, Doto in response to the inquiry of the emperor reported that the it was shozui (a good omen).
Japanese: 650年（白雉元年）穴戸国（後の長門国）の国司が白雉を献上した際に、天皇の諮問に回答して祥瑞であることを上奏した。
English: Choken (1126 - September 19, 1203) was a Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect who lived from the late Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 澄憲（ちょうけん、大治(日本)元年（1126年）-建仁3年8月6日(旧暦)（1203年9月12日））は、平安時代後期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての天台宗の僧。
English: He was exiled to Shimotsuke Province after the Heiji War occurred in 1159, but not long afterward he returned to Kyoto.
Japanese: 1159年（平治元年）におきた平治の乱では下野国に配流となったが、まもなく帰京している。
English: In 1174, he was appointed as the Gon dai sozu (the provisional second-highest position, upper grade, of priest) due to his learning of the kiuho (service to pray for rain) at the Saishoko (the annual five days of lectures on the Konkomyo-saishoo Sutra); and in 1177 he inherited, from Myoun, the Kechimyaku (lineage) of isshin sangan (threefold contemplation in a single mind).
Japanese: 1174年（承安(日本)4年）には最勝講で祈雨法を修して権大僧都に任じられ、1177年（治承元年）には明雲から一心三観の血脈を相承した。
English: He conducted many hoe (Buddhist masses) as the doshi (officiating monk), and it is said that he was an expert at preaching and instruction in Buddhism and was the originator of the Agui school sermon.
Japanese: 多くの法会で導師をつとめ、説法唱導の名手といわれ、安居院流唱導の祖といわれている。
English: According to "Gyokuyo" (the diary of FUJIWARA no Kanezane), Choken committed adultery with Imperial Princess Shushi, who was the Chugu (empress) of Emperor Nijo, and Kaie, the apprentice of Choken, was a son between Choken and Imperial Princess Shushi.
Japanese: 『玉葉』によると、二条天皇の中宮であったしゅ子内親王と密通したとされ、弟子の海恵は澄憲と姝子内親王の間の子であるという。
English: Keiso (955 - January 25, 1020) was a priest of the Tendai sect during the mid Heian period.
Japanese: 慶祚（けいそ、天暦9年（955年）-寛仁3年12月22日(旧暦)（1020年1月19日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: When the disciples of Enchin were kicked out of Mt. Hiei in 993, Keiso moved first to Iwakura Daiun-ji Temple and then to Onjo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 正暦4年（993年）比叡山から円珍の門徒が追放された際、慶祚も岩倉大雲寺その後園城寺に移った。
English: Many scholar priests were attracted to Keiso for his deep knowledge and virtue and gathered around him, building a basis for prosperity of the Tendai sect at Onjo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 慶祚の学徳を慕って多くの学徒が集まり園城寺における天台教学興隆の基となった。
English: In 997, upon the order of the Imperial Court, Keiso criticized 'Ryujo jobutsugi' (Principle of Attaining Buddhahood for Ryujo) sent from Sung Dynasty.
Japanese: 997年（長徳3年）朝命を受けて宋から送られてきた「竜女成仏義」を批判している。
English: Jakuen (1207 - October 15, 1299) was a Buddhist priest of the Soto sect who came from the Southern Song of China to Japan in the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 寂円（じゃくえん、開禧3年（1207年）-正安元年9月13日(旧暦)（1299年10月8日））は、鎌倉時代に中国南宋から来日した曹洞宗の僧。
English: Jakuen had been a disciple of Choo Nyojo of Keitoku-ji Temple on Mt. Tendo when he met Dogen, who had been in Song at that time.
Japanese: 天童山慶徳寺の長翁如浄の弟子であったが、宋に来ていた道元と知り合った。
English: He followed Dogen at Kosho-ji Temple at Fukakusa in Yamashiro Province and Eihei-ji Temple in Echizen Province, and after the death of Dogen he became a master of Zen under Ejo.
Japanese: 山城国深草興聖寺および越前国永平寺と道元に従い、道元の没後は懐奘に師事して禅を極めた。
English: He left Eihei-ji Temple in 1261 and founded the Hokyo-ji Temple at Ono District, Echizen Province, and then originated a school of Buddhism under the patronage of a powerful clan, Ishira.
Japanese: 1261年（弘長元年）永平寺を去り、越前国大野郡に赴き宝慶寺を開山し、豪族伊志良氏の庇護のもと一派を形成した。
English: Myozen (1184 - July 11, 1225) was a Buddhist priest of the Rinzai sect who lived in the beginning of the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 明全（みょうぜん、元暦元年（1184年）-嘉禄元年5月27日(旧暦)（1225年7月4日））は、鎌倉時代前期の臨済宗の僧。
English: He went to China in the Sung Dynasty in 1223 along with Dogen, Kosho, Kakunen and others.
Japanese: 1223年（貞応2年）道元・高照・廓然らを伴って中国の宋(王朝)に渡った。
English: He studied under Myoun of Keifuku-ji Temple and then Musai Ryoha of Keitoku-ji Temple on Mt. Taihaku, the latter of whom was the master of Eisai.
Japanese: 景福寺の妙雲、ついで栄西の師でもある太白山景徳寺の無際了派のもとで学んだ。
English: Dogen brought back the remains of Myozen, wrote ''Shari sodenki" (Record of the Transmission of Sarira), and wrote an Okugaki (postscript) on Myozen's kaicho (certificates of reception of Buddhist commandments) and placed it in Eihei-ji Temple.
Japanese: 道元は明全の遺骨を持ち帰り「舎利相伝記」を表し、明全の戒牒に奥書を記して永平寺に納めた。
English: Mokujiki Ogo (1536 - November 8, 1608) was a priest of the Shingon sect during the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 木食応其（もくじきおうご、天文(元号)5年（1536年）-慶長13年10月1日(旧暦)（1608年11月8日））は、安土桃山時代の真言宗の僧。
English: In 1573, Ogo entered the priesthood on Mt. Koya at the age of 38 and received religious precepts from 政遍 of Hosho-in Temple.
Japanese: 天正元年（1573年）に38歳で高野山において出家し、宝性院の政遍から受戒している。
English: (According to another theory, it was Ogo who gave religious precepts to 政遍. Details are yet to be known.In Kyoto, it is generally believed that it was one Kanjin Hijiri (fund-raising priests) of Seigan-ji Temple in Shinkyogoku, Kyoto.)
Japanese: （逆に政遍を受戒したという説もあり。未だ詳細は不明。京都は新京極にある誓願寺の勧進聖であったという説も有力。)
English: When Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI attacked Negoro-ji Temple in 1585, Ogo engaged in the negotiation process with Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 天正13年（1585年）豊臣秀吉が根来寺に攻め込んだ際には、秀吉との和議に臨んだ。
English: Consequently, Hideyoshi agreed to provide support for the reconstruction of Mt. Koya and founded the Kon-do Hall (main hall of a Buddhist temple) and Daito pagoda on Mt. Koya, contributing to the revival of Mt. Koya.
Japanese: その結果、高野山の復興援助を得、秀吉は高野山に金堂や大塔を建立し、高野山の再興にあたった。
English: In 1587, Ogo made an effort to complete the reconciliatory negotiation between Hideyoshi and the Shimazu clan.
Japanese: 天正15年（1587年）、秀吉と島津氏との和睦交渉での力を尽くした。
English: In the battle of Sekigahara, from his strong ties with the Toyotomi family, Ogo worked as a negotiator upon surrender of Otsu-jo Castle in Omi Province (represented by Takatsugu KYOGOKU, defense general) and of Tsu-jo Castle in Ise Province (represented by Nobutaka TOMITA, defense general).
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いでは豊臣家との縁の深さから、近江国の大津城（守将：京極高次）や伊勢国の津城（守将：富田信高）における開城交渉にあたった。
English: Ogo-ji Temple (originally, Sofuku-ji Temple) is in Hashimoto City of Wakayama Prefecture, contributing to the development of (then) Hashimoto-cho and founding the basis of Hashimoto City at the foot of Mt. Koya now.
Japanese: 応其寺（元は惣福寺）は和歌山県橋本市にあり、橋本町（当時）を開発、現在の高野山の麓としての橋本市の礎を築いたとされる。
English: Ogo was a master of renga (linked verses) and had a close friendship with Joha SATOMURA, who was the best renga poet of the era.
Japanese: 連歌の名手でもあり、当代きっての連歌の名手である、里村紹巴と親交があった。
English: In 2008, which was the 400th anniversary of the death of Mokujiki Ogo, a special exposition was convened at the Wakayama prefectural museum.
Japanese: 平成20年（2008年）は木食応其の没後400年遠忌に当たり、和歌山県立博物館にて、特別展が開催された。
English: During the training periods in summer and winter called "seichu," monks concentrate on training and therefore cut off contacts with parties outside the temple.
Japanese: 制中（せいちゅう）と呼ばれる夏冬の修行期間には外部との連絡を一切絶ち修行に集中する。
English: The shuso, who is appointed by the chief priest prior to the seichu, is given a dedicated room separated from other monks and is requested to train more intensively.
Japanese: 首座は制中に先立って住職から任命され、他の修行僧とは別に一室を与えられて一層の修行精進を求められる。
English: After the kaisei (end of a seichu period), the shuso, as a representative of the chief priest, must express his own spiritual state by answering questions related to Dharma from the other ascetic monks.
Japanese: 解制（制中期間の終了）後、首座は住職の代理として他の修行僧達を相手に法問答を行い自らの境地を示さなければならない。
English: In every Zen sect, executing the duty of shuso is one of the conditions under which to obtain qualification for being the chief priest.
Japanese: 禅宗ではいずれの宗派でも首座を務めることが住職資格を得るための条件のひとつとなっている。
English: Currently, appointment to the shuso and the Hossen shiki are often performed for form's sake separately with the actual training.
Japanese: 現在では実際の修行とは別に形式的に首座任命、法戦式を行う場合も多い。
English: Generally, one shuso is appointed during one seichu, but until the Edo period some of large priest halls had two shusos, which were the zendo shuso and godo shuso.
Japanese: 首座は原則として一制中に一人であるが、江戸時代以前には規模の大きい僧堂では前堂首座（ぜんどうしゅそ）と後堂首座（ごどうしゅそ）の二人制を取る場合もあった。
English: In the Rinzai/Obaku sects, the shika is also often appointed as the fusu, who assists the chief priest and supervises the monks.
Japanese: 臨済宗・黄檗宗では副司（副寺）を兼任する場合が多く、住職を補佐し修行僧を監督する役割が大きい。
English: Although people in general society may look down upon the cook and think of the work as a background job, the position of cook is considered important in Zen temples because cooking and eating meals are also regarded as important aspects of training, and the cook is a position that can do intoku (do good in secret without expecting a reward).
Japanese: 一般に炊事係は「飯炊き」「裏方」などと呼ばれ低く見られがちであるが、禅宗寺院では食事の調理、喫飯も重要な修行の一つとされ、また陰徳（人知れず徳行を積むこと）を行ずる立場であることから重要な役職とされる。
English: It is said that an experienced, sincere and well-tempered person is often appointed as the tenzo, and that many tenzos are highly prized as advisers to monks.
Japanese: 修行経験が深く篤実温厚な人物が任命される場合が多く、修行僧たちの相談役として敬慕される者が多いという。
English: The Soto sect tells of a historical event in which, when the founder Dogen was training in Song (Dynasty) to seek the teaching of Buddhism, he met with two tenzos and thereupon recognized the essence of the Zen training.
Japanese: 曹洞宗では開祖道元が求法のため宋(王朝)で修業した際、二人の老典座との出会いから禅の修行の本質を悟ったという故事がある。
English: Kangangiin (1217 - October 12, 1300), a Buddhist priest of the Soto sect, lived in the mid-Kamakura period.
Japanese: 寒巌義尹（かんがんぎいん、建保5年（1217年）-正安2年8月21日(旧暦)（1300年10月4日））は、鎌倉時代中期の曹洞宗の僧。
English: Initially, Kangangiin learned the Tendai doctrine in the temple on Mt. Hiei and then studied Rinzai Zen under Dainichibo Nonin of the Nihon Daruma sect, after which he practiced Zen meditation under Dogen at Fukakusa, Yamashiro Province, in 1241.
Japanese: 初め比叡山に入って天台教学を学び、ついで日本達磨宗の大日房能忍に臨済禅を学んだが、1241年（仁治2年）山城国深草の道元のもとに参禅した。
English: In 1267, he returned to Japan, retired in Higo Province and founded Nyorai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 1267年（文永3年）に帰国し、以後肥後国に隠遁して如来寺を開創した。
English: Bankei Yotaku (April 18, 1622 - October 2, 1693) was a Buddhist priest of the Rinzai sect during the early Edo period.
Japanese: 盤珪永琢（ばんけいようたく、元和(日本)8年3月8日(旧暦)（1622年4月18日）-元禄6年9月3日(旧暦)（1693年10月2日））は、江戸時代前期の臨済宗の僧。
English: He advocated unborn-zen and preached Buddhism in simple terms to a broad range of people, from common people to the feudal lord.
Japanese: 不生禅を唱え、やさしい言葉で大名から庶民にいたるまで広く法を説いた。
English: The following is described based upon his preaching (phrases in brackets show general meaning).
Japanese: 以下は本人が後に説法したものを元にしたものである（カッコ内は大意）。
English: In 1632, at the age of ten, he lost his father; then his mother and elder brother raised him.
Japanese: 1632年（寛永9年）10歳の時に父と死別した後、母と兄に育てられる。
English: He studied 'Daigaku' (a book describing educational philosophy of Daigaku) from a local Confucian scholar, and faltered at one sentence, 'the way of Daigaku is to clarify the virtue.'
Japanese: 地元の儒学者に「大学」を学び、「大学の道は、明徳を明らかにするにあり」という一文につまずく。
English: When he asked masters what 'virtue' meant, which he did not understand, he did not get a convincing answer.
Japanese: 「明徳」の意味が分からずどの先生に聞いても納得のいく答えが返ってこない。
English: Such a difficult thing is what Zen priests know; go to place of the Zen priests and ask.
Japanese: そのようなむつかしきことは、よく禅僧が知っておるじゃほどに、禅僧へ行きてお問やれ。
English: At the age of 17, he learned Zen from Unpo Osho at Zuio-ji Temple, (which was is in Ako) the Myoshin-ji Temple school of the Rinzai sect.
Japanese: 17歳のとき、臨済宗妙心寺派随鴎寺（赤穂にあった）の雲甫和尚に参禅。
English: I went to the crag here, took off my clothes and sat directly on the edge of a rock on which I put down all my clothes.
Japanese: ここな岩（いわお）へ入っては、直にとがった岩の上に、着る物を引きまくって、直に座を組む。
English: Once I sat down, I kept sitting, not caring about losing my life, until I fell spontaneous.
Japanese: 座を組むが最後、命を失うこともかえりみず、自然とこけて落ちるまで、座を立たず。
English: Since no one brought any food, I often did not eat for days and days.
Japanese: 食物はたれが持て来てくりょうもござらねば、幾日も幾日も、食せざることがまま多くござった。