nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Doro Gorge (Dorokyo) is a gorge in the Kitayama-gawa River, which flows through Wakayama Prefecture, Mie Prefecture, and Nara Prefecture.
Japanese: 瀞峡（どろきょう）とは、和歌山県・三重県・奈良県を流れる北山川の峡谷。
English: From the upstream, it is called Okudoro, Kamidoro, and Shimodoro, and Shimodoro is especially famous in the name of Dorohaccho Gorge.
Japanese: 上流から、奥瀞、上瀞、下瀞と呼ばれ、下瀞は瀞八丁の名で特に著名である。
English: Overwhelming beauty of the gorge formed by gigantic rocks, odd rocks, cliffs has been praised as a place of scenic beauty since ancient times.
Japanese: 巨岩、奇岩、断崖が続く圧倒的な渓谷美は、古くから名勝と讃えられている。
English: A river originated at the periphery of Mt. Odaigahara, which was a peneplane in cycle of erosion, formed a waterfall; then the basin of the waterfall was receded due to erosion and formed the gorge.
Japanese: 地形輪廻準平原である大台ヶ原山周辺から流れを発した川が滝を形成し、侵食作用によって滝つぼが後退して形成された。
English: After 35 minutes by KUMANO KOTSU line bus, `Kumano-hongu Shrine-bound' from Shingu Station of the JR Kisei Main Line and get off at the bus stop, `Shiko'
Japanese: JR紀勢本線新宮駅から熊野交通バス「熊野本宮」行きで35分、「志古」下車
English: After 40 minutes by KUMANO KOTSU line bus, `Kumano-hongu Shrine-bound,' from Shingu Station of the JR Kisei Main Line, and get off at the bus stop, `Miyai Ohashi.'
Japanese: JR紀勢本線新宮駅から熊野交通バス「熊野本宮」行きで40分、「宮井大橋」下車。
English: Rakunan shintoshi is a new city which is planned to be prepared in the reclaimed land from former Ogura-ike Pond in the south of Yodo-gawa River in Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 洛南新都市（らくなんしんとし）は、京都府京都市伏見区の淀川南部にある旧巨椋池干拓地に整備される予定の新都市。
English: There is an idea to extend the Karasuma line of Kyoto City Subway to this new city, but they have not yet moved into action.
Japanese: この新都市に京都市営地下鉄烏丸線を延伸する構想もあるが未着手である。
English: Because Keiji Bypass and the Second Keihan national highway run in the vicinity of the site of this new city, it will become the important point for traffic.
Japanese: この新都市予定地近傍には京滋バイパスや第二京阪道路などが通っており交通の要衝ともなる。
English: The idea of a large-scale ballpark (name is not determined yet) to replace Nishikyogoku ballpark is possible but it has not yet taken form.
Japanese: また西京極球場に代わる大規模球場（名称未定）の構想もありうるが具体化していない。
English: It connects Mt. Koya (Koya-cho, Ito County, Wakayama Prefecture) and Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine (Hongu-cho, Tanabe City, Wakayama Prefecture), and extends north and south in the Kii Mountains.
Japanese: 高野山（和歌山県伊都郡高野町）と熊野本宮大社（和歌山県田辺市本宮町）を結び、紀伊山地を南北に縦走する。
English: Kohechi is a road that connects Mt. Koya, a sacred place of Esoteric Buddhism that was founded by Kukai, and Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine which is one of Kumano Sanzan.
Japanese: 小辺路は空海によって開かれた密教の聖地である高野山と、熊野三山の一角である熊野本宮大社とを結ぶ道である。
English: It is the shortest route among Kumano-kodo, the distance from the starting point to Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine is about 70 kilometers, and it goes over the geologically unique area from Okukoya to the Hatenashi Mountain Range which rises from the east to the west in the western part of the Kii Mountains.
Japanese: 熊野古道の中では、起点から熊野本宮大社までを最短距離（約70キロメートル）で結び、奥高野から果無山脈にかけての紀伊山地西部の東西方向に走向する地質構造を縦断してゆく。
English: Since before the early-modern period, Kohechi had been a community road for the residents in the Kii Mountains, and even after a new roadway was constructed through the mountain in the 20th century, it had been still used as a local road until about the 30's of the Showa era.
Japanese: 近世以前の小辺路は紀伊山地山中の住人の生活道路であり、20世紀になって山中に自動車の通行できる道路が開通してからも、おおよそ昭和30年代までは使用され続けていた。
English: Since the early-modern period, such a local road was used as a pilgrimage route that connected Kumano and Mt. Koya, and the name 'Kohechi' also appeared at the beginning of the early-modern period for the first time.
Japanese: そうした生活道路が熊野と高野山を結ぶ参詣道として利用されるようになったのは近世以後のことであり、小辺路の名も近世初期に初出する。
English: Most records of pilgrimage to Kumano or Mt. Koya through Kohechi were compiled after the early-modern period and there are few records before the early-modern period.
Japanese: 小辺路を通行しての熊野ないし高野山への参詣記録は近世以降のものが大半を占め、近世以前の記録もいくつか確認されているが少数である。
English: Kohechi starts at Mt. Koya (Koya-cho, Ito County, Wakayama Prefecture), soon enters Nara Prefecture, passes through Nosegawa Village (Yoshino County) and Totsukawa Village, and at near Yagimoto (Totsukawa Village), reaches Totsu-kawa River (Kumano-gawa River).
Japanese: 高野山（和歌山県伊都郡高野町）を出発した小辺路はすぐに奈良県に入り、吉野郡野迫川村・十津川村を通って柳本（十津川村）付近で十津川（熊野川）に出会う。
English: Leaving Yagimoto and immediately after crossing Hatenashi Pass at the eastern end of the Hatenashi Mountain Range, the road enters Wakayama Prefecture and reaches Shimoyama-guchi of Yagio, Hongu-cho, Tanabe City.
Japanese: 柳本を発って果無山脈東端にある果無峠を越えると和歌山県側に入り、田辺市本宮町八木尾の下山口にたどり着く。
English: After that, for some distance it follows National Highway 168 along Kumano-gawa River until joining Kii-ji Road, and finally it arrives at Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine.
Japanese: ここからしばらくは熊野川沿いに国道168号線をたどり紀伊路に合流し、熊野本宮大社に至る。
English: There remain records that some people traveled this route in mere two days, however today it generally requires two days and three nights or three days and four nights.
Japanese: 古人のなかには全ルートをわずか2日で踏破したという記録もあるが、現在では2泊3日または3泊4日の行程とするのが一般的である。
English: Among many parts of the route, Mt. Obakodake is relatively busy because it is one of the 200 top mountains of Japan and one of routes to climb Mt. Gomadan, however, since the whole route is difficult to access, other parts of the route keep tranquil atmosphere.
Japanese: 日本二百名山に数えられる伯母子岳が単独で、または護摩壇山の関連ルートとして歩かれているのを一例外として、他は交通至難であることも手伝って歩く人も少なく、静謐な雰囲気が保たれている。
English: Although there are several severely damaged parts of roads from Mt. Koya to Omata, it is highly evaluated that old roads with good conditions remain.
Japanese: また、高野山から大股にかけてなど著しい破壊の見られる区間（現代）も若干あるものの、良好な状態の古道がまとまって残されている点も評価されている。
English: There are three passes having altitudes of over 1000 meters must be crossed and there are no communities for many hours after starting off, therefore full mountain climber's rig is required to travel the whole route, moreover snow falls in winter, so it is warned that this road is dangerous to carelessly try to travel on foot.
Japanese: ただ、全ルートの踏破には1000メートル級の峠3つを越えなければならず、一度山道に入ると長時間にわたって集落と行き合うことがないため本格的な登山の準備が必要で、冬季には積雪が見られるため、不用意なアプローチは危険と言われている。
English: As a general guide, refer to "Kaido (Road) Map, Kohechi Mizugamine - Miuraguchi - Yanagimoto PDF" (January 28, 2006)
Japanese: 一般向けガイドの例として、"街道マップ小辺路水ヶ峰～三浦口～柳本橋PDF".2006-01-28閲覧。
English: In the reports of the investigations conducted in late autumn to winter including 'the Kumano Kinenkan Museum 1987' and 'Tamaki 1979,' descriptions of snow and such photographs are found.
Japanese: また、熊野記念館[1987]・玉置[1979]といった晩秋から冬季にかけての踏査記録には、積雪に関する記述や写真が見られる。
English: It explains particulars about snow on the route as Tamaki and others encountered heavy snow and could not know even which was the right course since 40 centimeters of snow lay at one of the passes and there also lay the thick snow at the other side of the pass (Wakayama Prefecture), therefore they could not make sufficient investigation (refer to 28 of 'Tamaki 1979').
Japanese: 特に、玉置らは猛吹雪に見舞われ、峠での40センチメートルの積雪や和歌山県側の積雪で道が不明確であったことなどに阻まれて、充分な調査ができなかったと述べている[玉置1979:28]。
English: Since it connects two holy places, Koya and Kumano, Kohechi has a function of a "road for the mountaineering asceticism in Buddhism" and it is said that there are remains of lodgings for the mountaineering asceticism in Buddhism and pilgrimage memorial pictures.
Japanese: 高野・熊野の2つの聖地を結ぶことから小辺路は『修験の道』としての性格をも帯びており、修験宿跡や廻峰記念額も残されていると伝えられている。
English: However, it is considered that Kohechi was originally a local road connecting Yamato Province, Koya and Kumano for residents in the Kii Mountain Range, and it gradually became a pilgrimage route connecting the provinces in the Kinai region and Koyasan or Kumano.
Japanese: しかし、小辺路の起源は、もともと紀伊山地山中の住人の生活道路として大和国・高野・熊野を結ぶ山岳交通路が開かれていたものが畿内近国と高野山・熊野を結ぶ参詣道として利用され始めたことにあると考えられている。
English: The time when Kohechi began to be formed as community road is unknown; however, there is a historical document about Totsukawa Village and Nosegawa Village through which Kohechi passes dates back to the eighth century, besides there remain relics and other historical materials which can be linked to the road, therefore, it is considered that Kohechi was formed in the Heian period at the very latest.
Japanese: 小辺路の生活道路としての形成時期ははっきりしないが、小辺路が通行する十津川村・野迫川村の領域に関係する史料には8世紀にさかのぼるものが見られ、また、周辺に介在する遺跡・史資料などから少なくとも平安時代には開創されていたと考えられている。
English: As for evidences, there remain the record of the 21st Kumano Betto (Chief of the shrines of Kumano) Tanzo who had his residence at Ojo-in Temple in Mt. Koya and "Kii Zoku Fudoki" (the Local History of Kii Province, Continued) that recorded a checkpoint had been built in 1332 at Yagio-guchi (Hongu-cho, Tanabe City) which is still the point for descending from Kohechi today.
Japanese: このことを裏付ける傍証として第21代熊野別当であった湛増が高野山往生院に住房を構えていた史実や、現在も小辺路からの下山口である八木尾口（田辺市本宮町）に正慶元年（1332年）に関所が設けられたことを伝える史料の記述（『紀伊続風土記』）がある。
English: In addition, there remains "Ritei Yamato Chomonki" dated 1646, re-compiled by Wakayama Prefecture Bunkazai Kenkyukai (Society for the Study of Cultural Properties) (refer to 1982a 19 to 2005a 441).
Japanese: さらに正保3年（1646年）付の『里程大和著聞記』和歌山県文化財研究会1982a19→2005a441。
English: The document was drawn up by the lord of the Koriyama Domain Masakatsu HONDA and the lord of the Takatori Domain Iemasa UEMURA who had investigated the roads of the boundary of Kiwa Province by the order of the shogunate; and it recorded Kohechi in the name of 'Naka-michisuji' (literally 'middle route').
Japanese: これは郡山藩主本多政勝と高取藩主植村家政が幕命を受けて紀和国境のルートを調査した文書だが、この中には「中道筋」なる名で小辺路がとり上げられている。
English: In the article about Kohechi in "Ritei Yamato Chomonki", expressions like 'the road 1 shaku (about 30.3 centimeters) in width', 'dangerous spot', 'horses and cattle cannot go through the road' appear frequently, therefore it is known that at that time Kohechi was just a steep slope on a mountain or some animal trail that was very difficult for people to travel.
Japanese: 『里程大和著聞記』の記述には「道幅一尺」「難所」「牛馬常通不申」といった表現が繰り返し見られ、険しい峰道か峠道、あるいは獣道程度の道でしかなく、困難な道であったことが分かる。
English: Since Hatenashi Pass was the southernmost pass of Kohechi and also the easternmost pass of the Hatenashi Mountain Range, people of Ryujin Village (Ryujin Village, Tanabe City) used some part of Kohechi which went through the Hatenashi Mountain Range.
Japanese: また小辺路で最も南にある峠である果無峠は果無山脈東端の峠であることから、果無山脈伝いに龍神村方面（田辺市龍神村）からの往来があったという。
English: It is said that this part was particularly called 'Ryujin-kaido Hatenashi-goe' (Hatenashi Crossing of Ryujin Road) which ran from Ryujin to some sacred places including Yoshino, Kumano and Mt. Koya via Hatenashi Pass and Hongu (Hongu-cho, Tanabe City), and it was used by ascetic Buddhist monks and pilgrims for visiting Omine (Ominesan-ji Temple).
Japanese: この道を龍神街道果無越といい、龍神方面と吉野・熊野および高野山とを果無峠および本宮（田辺市本宮町）を経由して結び、修験者や大峯参りの人々が行き交ったと伝えられている。
English: In addition, it is also important to remember that kiji-shi (woodturners) and shakushi-ya (ladle shop) used this road for their businesses.
Japanese: この他、特筆すべきものとして木地師や杓子屋の活動の道であることも挙げられよう。
English: Kiji-shi were craftsmen who collected woods in mountains and made wooden products, such as bowls and trays, and it is said that in the mountain range from Okukoya to Yoshino there had been such craftsmen called 'Koshuwatari Kiji-shi' who had their base mainly in Ogura Village, Omi Province (Eigenji-cho, Higashiomi City, Shiga Prefecture) until the Taisho era.
Japanese: 木地師とは、山で木を採り椀や盆などの木製品に仕上げる職人で、奥高野から吉野にかけての山域には近江国小椋村（滋賀県東近江市永源寺町）を本拠地とした江州渡（こうしゅうわたり）木地師と呼ばれた人々が大正の頃までいたという。
English: Such kiji-shi's base, Ogura Village issued kiji-shi's licenses (called 'menjo' or 'kansatsu') and sent runners to collect shares from kiji-shi who were doing their business in various parts of the country.
Japanese: 木地師たちの本拠地である小椋村では木地師の免状や鑑札を発行するとともに、各地の木地師のもとに奉納金を集める使者を送り出した。
English: There remains a document which recorded their business; it is titled 'Ujikogaricho' and formed of 87 volumes in total, and it recorded about 30,000 households of kiji-shi for 250 years until 1893 (the year 26 of the Meiji era).
Japanese: その記録として「氏子駈帳」なる文書が残されており、1893年（明治26年）まで250年間に渡って計87冊・3万世帯に及ぶ記録が残されている。
English: It recorded three kiji-shi's names in the article of 1758, 10 years after "San-Kumano Sankei Dochu Nikki" (the Diary on the Way to the Three Shrines of Kumano).
Japanese: 『三熊野参詣道中日記』から10年後にあたる宝暦8年（1758年）付で、3名の木地師の名が記録されている。
English: In addition, according to it, there were 32 times of ujikogari (the collection of the shares) made in only Nosegawa Village for 160 years from 1707 to 1867.
Japanese: その他にも野迫川村全体で1707年（宝永4年）から慶応3年（1867年）までの160年間の間に32回の氏子駈の記録がある。
English: Unlike Nakahechi which had been a pilgrimage road for the imperial family and nobles, Kohechi had been originally a community road for the locals and came to be used as a pilgrimage road after the early-modern period.
Japanese: 皇族や貴人の参詣道として利用された中辺路と異なり、小辺路は生活道としてはともかく参詣道としては近世以降に利用されるようになった道である。
English: And unlike Ohechi which was another pilgrimage road to Kumano after the early-modern period and used by mainly writers and artists, Kohechi was used by mainly the common people.
Japanese: また、同じ近世以降の熊野参詣道でも文人墨客の道として利用された大辺路などと異なり、小辺路はもっぱら庶民の参詣道として用いられた。
English: There is a legend that TAIRA no Koremori was defeated by Genji (the Minamoto clan) and ran away secretly using this road, and once there had been a historic site associated with the legend; in a village 'Taira,' there still remains a legend that Koremori ran away to the village.
Japanese: 源氏との戦いに敗れた平維盛が密かに逃亡の道としたとする言い伝えがあり、それにちなむ史跡があったほか、平という集落には維盛の落人伝説がある。
English: It had been said that in the Genko War (1331), Imperial Prince Morinaga, a prince of Emperor Godaigo, used the road to escape from the tracking by the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by shogun) ('Escape of Otonomiya to Kumano,' volume 5, "Taiheiki" [The Record of the Great Peace]).
Japanese: また元弘の乱（元弘元年〈1331年〉）に際して後醍醐天皇の王子護良親王が鎌倉幕府の追討を逃れて落ちのびた際に利用したとも伝えられる（「大塔宮熊野落ちの事」『太平記』巻第5）。
English: The oldest reliable record of pilgrimage to Kumano dates to the 16th century, according to it, Kiyoyoshi DOI, a samurai of Iyo Province, visited Kumano Sanzan after visiting Mt. Koya to perform a memorial service for his father who had died in a battle.
Japanese: 確実な参詣の記録として最古のものは16世紀にさかのぼり、伊予国の武将土居清良が戦死した父の菩提を弔うために高野山を経て熊野三山に参詣したとするものである。
English: The Doi clan originated in Kimotodoi, Muro County, Kii Province (Kumano City, Mie Prefecture), their ancestor was from the Suzuki clan, one of three guardians of Kumano, and they worshipped Kumano Sanzan.
Japanese: 土居氏は紀伊国牟婁郡木本土居（三重県熊野市）を発祥とし、熊野三党の一家・鈴木一党を祖とすると伝えられ、熊野三山を篤く信仰していた。
English: Kiyoyoshi visited Mt. Koya first, went to Otaki and Omata, crossed Jinno-gawa River at Imoze, bought a lot of bows and stayed one night at Yagura.
Japanese: 清良はまず高野山に参詣し、さらに大嶽（大滝）・大股を経て五百瀬（いもぜ）で神納川（じんのがわ）を渡って多量の弓を購入し、矢倉に一泊。
English: He departed from 'Yagimoto no watashi,' went across 'Mt, Hatenashi' (present Hatenashi Pass) and down to 'Yakiodani' (present Yagio), and visited first Hongu-taisha Shrine of Kumano Sanzan.
Japanese: 「柳本（やぎもと）の渡」から「はてなし山」（果無峠）を越えて「焼尾谷」（八木尾）に下り、本宮に参詣したとしている。
English: Then Kiyoyoshi made a round of pilgrimages to Nachi-taisha Shrine of Kumano Sanzan and Shingu Shrine, visited ancestors' former territory Kimotodoi, and went to Ise-jingu Shrine.
Japanese: この後、清良は那智・新宮を巡拝し、先祖の故地である木本土居を訪ね、伊勢神宮に向かっている。
English: In 1581, Yoshiyasu TAMAKI, a vassal of the Mori clan, visited Ise from Kyoto, made a round of pilgrimages to Shingu, Nachi and Hongu, visited Oku-no-in (inner sanctuary) of Mt. Koya.
Japanese: 次いで天正9年（1581年）には、毛利氏の家臣玉木吉保が京都から伊勢に詣でた後、新宮・那智・本宮を巡拝し、高野山奥ノ院に参詣したことが知られている。
English: This pilgrimage record by Yoshiyasu was compiled in his biography "Minokagami," and analyzing the record about the dates and the route that he arrived at Shingu City on July 10 and at Mt. Koya on July 14, it is certain that he used kohechi, although he did not record this name of the road.
Japanese: 吉保の参詣記は、一代記『身自鏡』に記されたもので、地名が明言されていないが、7月10日に新宮市に到着し、14日に高野山に到るという日程や経路から見て小辺路を利用したことは確実である。
English: Although there were such examples in the Muromachi period, Kohechi as a pilgrimage road was established in the early-modern period, and its name 'Kohechi' appeared at the beginning of the early-modern period for the first time as well.
Japanese: このように中世における事例が見られるとはいえ、小辺路が参詣道として確立するのは近世になってのことであり、その呼称の初見も近世初期のことである。
English: The oldest historical material that confirms the name 'Kohechi' is a story collected in "Seisuisho" (volume 1) which was a collection of comical stories compiled in 1628, and this pronunciation 'kohechi' (小辺路) is derived from it.
Japanese: 小辺路の呼称を確認できる最古の史料は寛永5年（1628年）に編纂された笑話集『醒睡笑』巻一に収められた次の小話で、小辺路の読み方（こへち）の典拠もここである。
English: Sakuden ANRAKUAN, the compiler of "Seisuisho," dedicated it to Kyoto-shoshidai (deputy for governor-general of Kyoto) Shigemune ITAKURA in 1628.
Japanese: 著者である安楽庵策伝は、『醒睡笑』を京都所司代板倉重宗に寛永5年（1628年）に献呈している。
English: For the year of the compilation, it is considered that the name Kohechi had been known as early as the end of the Sengoku period (Period of Warring States, Japan) to the beginning of the early-modern period.
Japanese: この成立年代を考えるならば、小辺路の名は早ければ戦国時代(日本)末期から近世初頭には知られていたことが推測できる。
English: For example, it was called 'Koya-Kumano-kaido,' 'Nishi-Kumano-kaido,' 'Kumano-kaido' (according to "Kii Zoku Fudoki"), 'Koya-michi' and 'Kumano-michi,' and in the pilgrimage records written during the early-modern period, it was called 'Koya-michi' or 'Kumano-michi' (all these 'kaido' and 'michi' mean 'road').
Japanese: それらを一部挙げてみると、高野熊野街道、西熊野街道、熊野街道（『紀伊続風土記』）、高野道ないし熊野道といったものが知られているが、近世の参詣記などでは高野道ないし熊野道と呼ばれる。
English: According to the investigation by the Nara Prefectural Board of Education, the locals usually did not call the road 'Kohechi,' instead of it, particularly in Nosegawa Village, they called it 'Koya-michi' or 'Koya-kaido' after Mt. Koya (Temple), particularly in Totsukawa Village, they called it 'Kumano-michi' or 'Kumano-kaido' after Kumano (Shrines), presumably the road reflected local people's strong beliefs not only in Kumano Shrines but also in Mt. Koya Temple and in Daishi (higher priests).
Japanese: また、奈良県教育委員会の調査報告によれば、小辺路の名は地元ではあまり用いられず、高野山や熊野に由来する「高野道」「高野街道」（野迫川村内）ないし「熊野道」「熊野街道」（十津川村内）と呼ばれることが多く、高野山ないし大師信仰との結びつきの強さも指摘できよう。
English: It is considered that this difference of names depends on the connection between each region and Koya or Kumano and on the destination of each pilgrim, and the name 'Kohechi' was used only when the whole pilgrimage road had to be explained.
Japanese: こうした呼称の違いは、各地域と高野・熊野との結びつきや巡礼等の目的地の違いに依存すると考えられ、「小辺路」は参詣道全体を鳥瞰するような場合に用いられる名なのである。
English: Since it was established as a pilgrimage road in the Edo period, as for the aspect of beliefs, Kohechi had the characteristics of the early-modern period.
Japanese: 以上のように近世に確立した参詣道であることから、小辺路は信仰の側面においても近世的な特徴を示している。
English: Kohechi was a road that connected two holy places Koya and Kumano as explained before.
Japanese: 小辺路はここまで述べてきたように高野・熊野というふたつの聖地を結ぶ道である。
English: However, according to 'Murakami Sanin' (2001), Kohechi was not the only road that connected Koya and Kumano, and there were other routes.
Japanese: しかし、村上・山陰2001によれば小辺路は高野・熊野を結ぶ唯一の道ではなく、別のルートを指摘できるという。
English: More specifically there were two other routes; the one started from Mt. Koya, passed through Daimon, Yukawatsuji, Shinko, Mino Pass, Mt. Nikko, went across Mt. Gomadan or Mt. Jogamori, and from Tonogauchi, went down the part called Ryujin-kaido to Iwata-gawa River and met Nakahechi: the another started from Mt. Koya as well, and from Mt. Nikko, went east along the ridge, and met Kohechi at Mt. Obako-dake.
Japanese: すなわち、高野山から大門・湯川辻・新子・箕峠・日光山を経由し、護摩壇山もしくは城ヶ森山を経て殿垣内からは龍神街道を富田川河岸まで下って中辺路に合流するもの、もしくは日光山から尾根道伝いに東進して伯母子岳で小辺路に合流するものである。
English: This 'Mt. Nikko' is the peak about 1 kilometer northwest from Mt. Gomadan and there is Nikko-jinja Shrine that is said to have been built in the end of the Heian period to the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: ここでいう日光山とは護摩壇山の北西約1キロメートルほどのところにあるピークで、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期に創建されたと伝えられる日光神社がある。
English: This mandala is not only positioned at the genealogy of the Kumano pilgrimage mandala from its style and but also contains images of Koya hijiri (ascetic of Koya-san Temple), therefore it is considered that two beliefs in Koya and in Kumano were intermingled in the then people's minds.
Japanese: この参詣曼荼羅は様式から見て熊野参詣曼荼羅の系譜に位置づけられるだけでなく、高野聖の描写が見受けられることから、高野・熊野のふたつの信仰が混在していたことをうかがわせる。
English: However, beyond question, there remain few religious relics not only on such routes via Mt. Nikko but also on Kohechi.
Japanese: しかし、こうした日光山経由のルートであれ小辺路であれ、信仰上の遺跡が乏しいことは否めない。
English: In fact, on Kohechi, any religious relics cannot be found except for traffic relics such as guideposts and remains of lodgings.
Japanese: 小辺路には道標・宿跡などの交通遺跡を除けば、信仰に関係する遺跡を見出すことは出来ない。
English: Only Nikko-jinja Shrine exists on the route via Mt. Nikko.
Japanese: 日光山経由のルートにはかろうじて日光神社があるものの、ただそれだけである。
English: From such a kind of point of view, the road connecting Koya and Kumano is not considered to have had a special significance of beliefs.
Japanese: そうした意味で言えば、高野・熊野を結ぶ街道それ自体に信仰上の意義は乏しい。
English: Like the imperial family and nobles of Kyoto in the Muromachi period visited Kumano, people in the Edo period visited Kujuku Oji (a series of shrines which were established from the 12th century to the 13th century by the Kumano Shugen priests) and walked the pilgrimage roads, however, for the people who appreciated the religious significance of such visiting and walking, the roads connecting Koya and Kumano were just the shortest routes for their purpose.
Japanese: 中世熊野詣において京の院や貴族たちが熊野に赴いた際のように、九十九王子を順拝し参詣の道を歩く行為それ自体に信仰上の意義が見出す立場からは、これらの高野・熊野を結ぶ道は単に最短経路という以上のものでしかない。
English: However, the influence of the pilgrims who started visiting Kujuku Oji in the Muromachi period already disappeared during the early-modern period, and even the shrines of Kujuku Oji were declining.
Japanese: だが、九十九王子を成立せしめた中世熊野詣の先達たちの影響力は近世にはすでに失われて久しく、九十九王子も既に退転していた。
English: Therefore, in the Edo period, the belief in Kumano on Kohechi meant mainly the pilgrimage to Kumano Sanzan (three major shrines including Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine, Kumano Hayatama-taisha Shrine and Kumano Nachi-taisha Shrine).
Japanese: したがって、小辺路における熊野信仰とは、もっぱら熊野三山めぐりに集約されている。
English: As 'Murakami Sanin' pointed out in an article concerning the pilgrimage road to Mt. Koya, during the early-modern period, most pilgrims did not appreciate the religious significance of just walking pilgrimage roads.
Japanese: また、高野参詣道をめぐって村上・山陰が指摘するとおり近世の巡礼では参詣道をたどること自体に信仰上の意味がしばしば失われている。
English: In the early-modern period, especially after the latter half of the 17th century, the common shopkeepers of Kinai region and the vicinities recorded their pilgrimages, and such records gives the details of Kohechi.
Japanese: 17世紀後半以降の近世になると畿内近国の町人たちによる参詣記が見られ、小辺路の詳しい様子を知ることができるようになる。
English: And the pilgrims from Togoku (eastern provinces) also often used Kohechi as the shortest route to Mt. Koya and Kinai region after visiting Ise and Kumano.
Japanese: また、東国からの参詣者たちも伊勢・熊野への参詣の後、高野山や畿内へ向かう短絡経路として小辺路をしばしば通行した。
English: The traffic relics which still remain including lodgings, teahouses and guideposts were built at important key of Kohechi in the early-modern period and it is known that Kohechi was an important transport road.
Japanese: 小辺路の要所に設けられた宿屋・茶店、道標といった交通遺跡が設けられたのも近世のことであり、重要な交通路であったことがわかる。
English: Anrin TERAUCHI, one of the headmen of Mukai Village, Tanboku County, Kawachi Province (Matsubara City, Osaka Prefecture) and a Haiku poet of Danrin-ha, wrote a book of a travel titled "Kumano Annaiki" (Guidebook to Kumano) (hereinafter quote it as "Annaiki").
Japanese: 河内国丹北郡向井村（大阪府松原市）の庄屋で談林派の俳人でもあった寺内安林は『熊野案内記』（以下、『案内記』）と題する紀行文を残している。
English: In 1682, Anrin and three or four friends of his used Kohechi from Mt. Koya to visit Kumano Sanzan, after leaving Nachi-taisha Shrine of Kumano Sanzan, they used Ohechi (literally, 'wide road') to visit Saigoku Sanjusansho (the thirty-three temples dedicated to Kanzeon-bosatsu in Kinki region) from Kimii-dera Temple to Fujii-dera Temple, and went back home.
Japanese: 安林は天和(日本)2年（1682年）、友人3、4人とともに高野山から小辺路を経て熊野三山に参詣し、那智からは大辺路経由で西国三十三箇所の札所（紀三井寺から葛井寺まで）を巡拝して帰郷している。