nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In this way the Muromachi period Shugo who succeeded in securing feudal rule, the Shugodai who replaced Shugo, and kokujin transformed into daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the Sengoku period and grew.
Japanese: こうして、室町期の守護のうち領国支配の強化に成功した守護や、守護に取って代わった守護代、国人は、戦国大名へと変質・成長していった。
English: However, the Shugo post, which had power with hereditary privelages and family status in the Muromachi period, carried a similar meaning as a title for daimyo in the Sengoku period, and as a title for influential players in the Warring States period.
Japanese: しかし、室町時代、世襲という家柄や既得権として権威があった守護職は戦国時代(日本)でも、戦国大名の称号としてそれなりに意味を持っており、実力者の称号となることでそれなりの意味を持った。
English: In fact, it has been confirmed that, beginning with the warlords of Dewa Province, the Ando clan, who also had influence in southern Hokkaido, a branch of the Ando clan indigenous to southern Hokkaido called Oshu Tosaminato Hinomoto Shogun or Tokai Shogun, or the Matsumae clan after the Kakizaki clan, were made Jogoku (major province) shugoshiki (post of provincial constable), Gekoku (minor province) shugoshiki, or Matsumae shugoshiki, examples of Shugo being installed independently of the Shogunate.
Japanese: なお、出羽国の戦国大名　安東氏では当初、北海道南部にも勢力を持ち、奥州十三湊日之本将軍、または東海将軍と称して北海道南部に土着した安東氏の庶家や蠣崎氏後の松前氏を上国守護職、下国守護職、松前守護職などに封じているなど、幕府以外にも守護職が独自に設置・任免された事績も確認できる。
English: At the end of the Edo period, the chief of the Aizu Domain, Katamori MATSUDAIRA, went through the imperial court to be appointed by the Edo bakufu to the post of Kyoto Shugoshiki.
Japanese: 幕末、会津藩の藩主、松平容保が朝廷を通じて江戸幕府より京都守護職に任ぜられている。
English: There had previously existed a post called "Kyoto Shugo," but in this case it was formally called "Kyoto Shugoshoku," and was pronounced "shugoshoku" in contrast to the Muromachi period's pronunciation, "shugoshiki."
Japanese: 過去にも「京都守護」の職名は存在したが、この場合は「京都守護職」と称するのが正式であり、守護職の読みも室町時代の“しゅごしき”に対して“しゅごしょく”と読む。
English: Udaijin was one of the positioins in Daijokan (Grand Council of State), which was the highest body in the organization of the imperial court.
Japanese: 右大臣（うだいじん）とは、朝廷組織の最高機関である太政官の職の一つ。
English: He fulfilled a support role for Sadaijin (Minister of the Left), and would carry out the duties of Sadaijin when he was unable to do them for some reason.
Japanese: 左大臣の補佐的役割を果たし、左大臣が何らかの事情によって出仕できない場合、左大臣の職を行う。
English: A Naidaijin (also known as an uchinoomaetsugimi or uchinootodo) was a Japanese minister that was outside of the Ritsuryo system.
Japanese: 内大臣（ないだいじん、うちのおおまえつぎみ、うちのおとど）とは、律令制度下における令外官の日本の大臣の一つ。
English: The Naidaijin would attend to government affairs if both the Sadaijin and Udaijin were unable to do so for some reason.
Japanese: 左大臣および右大臣の両人が何らかの事情のため出仕できない場合、代理に政務をつかさどる。
English: Although it is Ryoge no kan (class outside of the Ritsuryo system), it was recorded that appointments were first made even before the Ritsuryo system was established.
Japanese: 令外官となっているが、もともと律令が成立する以前にも除目（じもく）された記録がある。
English: It is thought to have started with NAKATOMI no Kamatari (FUJIWARA no Kamatari), who was appointed to Naishin by three successive Emperors, Kotoku, Saimei and Tenchi from 645, was appointed to Naidaijin just before his death.
Japanese: 645年より孝徳天皇・斉明天皇・天智天皇の3代において内臣に任じられた中臣鎌足（藤原鎌足）が死の直前に内大臣に任じられたのが嚆矢とされている。
English: Later, although there were several instances of Naidaijin being placed for special reasons, it is thought that Naidaijin as a permanent official started with FUJIWARA no Michitaka in the middle Heian period.
Japanese: 以後、特殊の事情によって内大臣が設置される例が複数回あったが、常置の官としての内大臣は、平安時代中期の藤原道隆以後と考えられている。
English: After that, appointments to Naidaijin mostly fell into the following four categories: appointments given to young nobles from the Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents), which would qualify them to become Sessho Kanpaku (regent and chief adviser to the Emperor); appointments given as a reward to a shukuro (chief vassal) or noble with significant achievements; appointments given simply as a plum job for nobles at the level of head dainagon (a chief councilor of state) who would then become the "third Minister" (with the exception of the Daijo-daijin [grand minister of state]); or appointments given to the head of the samurai government or in a position to succeed him.
Japanese: 以後、内大臣には主として摂関家の若手公卿に摂政・関白就任資格を付与するための任命、宿老もしくは功績多大な公卿に対する礼遇のための任命、単に筆頭大納言に相当する公卿への待遇が「3番目の大臣（太政大臣を除く）」に改められた任命、武家政権の長あるいはそれに次ぐ地位の者に対して与えられる任命の4つに分けられるようになる。
English: Although FUJIWARA no Fusasaki, FUJIWARA no Nakamaro, and Dokyo did not take on the post of Naidaijin, they are listed as persons who entered posts with similar duties.
Japanese: 藤原房前・藤原仲麻呂・道鏡は内大臣には就任していないが、同様の職掌を掌った官職に就いた者として記載する。
English: In the Empire of Japan during the Meiji period, the position of Naidaijin was an office of the imperial court and, not being a part of the cabinet, the Naidaijin was not one of the Ministers of Internal Affairs; a member of the Office of the Inner Minister, the holder of this post was always at the emperor's side to offer him counsel, managed the Seal of the State and the Imperial Seal, and handled imperial edicts.
Japanese: 内大臣（ないだいじん）は、明治の大日本帝国においては宮中の役職で、内閣には加わらず、国務大臣には含まれず、内大臣府にあって天皇の側近として常時天皇を輔弼し、国璽･御璽の管理や詔書の事務を扱った。
English: At first, right after Dajokan (Great Council of State) System was abolished, it also served as a post for dealing with the former Daijo-daijin Sanetomi SANJO.
Japanese: 当初は、太政官制廃止直後の前太政大臣三条実美の処遇のための役職の意味合いもあった。
English: Entering the Showa period it replaced the genro (elder statesman), fulfilled a major role in recommending Prime Ministers, and held power not only in the imperial court, but in the government as well.
Japanese: 昭和に入ると元老に代わって、首相の奏薦に大きな役割を果たし、宮中だけでなく府中（政府内）にも力を持った。
English: In emergencies when Naidaijin was absent, the chairman of the Privy Council would temporarily become Naidaiji and assist the emperor.
Japanese: 内大臣が欠けた緊急の場合、枢密院議長が臨時に内大臣に就任し天皇に侍立する。
English: There was an example of this when, immediately after the February 26 Incident, Privy Council chairman Kitokuro ICHIKI became Naidaijin and resigned the same day.
Japanese: これは、二・二六事件の直後の、枢密院議長一木喜徳郎が内大臣に就任し即日辞職した例がある。
English: Because the duties of Naidaijin, his authority, and the areas of which he could advise were extremely vague and abstract, to the degree that constitutional scholars are unable to clearly define them, it was an extremely special post, all of which depended on the person appointed and his trusting relationship with the emperor.
Japanese: 内大臣の職務・権限・助言できる範囲は、憲法学者ですら明確に定義することが出来ない程、非常に曖昧かつ抽象的なもので、全ては就任した人物と天皇の信頼関係のみで成立するという、非常に特殊なポストだった。
English: Also, as a special case, Imperial Prince Sadanaru served as Naidaijin (1912-1915).
Japanese: また、特殊なケースとして皇族の貞愛親王が内大臣を務めた例（1912年－1915年）がある。
English: After the unconditional surrender in 1945, it was abolished by the General Headquarters of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (GHQ/SCAP).
Japanese: 無条件降伏後の1945年、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部（GHQ/SCAP）によって廃止された。
English: Ajari (also Azari, Sanskrit: acarya, also transliterated as Ajariya) means a "model/example" in Sanskrit, and is a master who is an example to his disciples and teaches the dharma.
Japanese: 阿闍梨（あじゃり、あざり、サンスクリット：アーチャーリャ、阿闍梨耶とも音写）は、サンスクリットで「軌範」を意味し、弟子たちの規範となり、法を教授する師匠のことである。
English: In the vedic religion, this term referred to a leader who instructed his followers using examples from the vedas, while in Nikaya Buddhism, it referred to a high-ranking monk who led monks in training and instructed them in doctrine; so while the exact meaning varied according to the particular religion, the term Ajari was used in several instances in the sense of leadership.
Japanese: ヴェーダの宗教ではヴェーダにおける規範を伝授する指導者を、また部派仏教においては修行僧たちの規律を指導し、教義を伝授する高僧をいい、教団によって種類は異なるが、指導内容ごとに複数の阿闍梨がいた。
English: In esoteric Buddhism, it sometimes refers to Vairocana and the other Buddhas, but in general it is a title for priests in a high position who should be an example for the other monks; in Japan in the Tendai and Shingon sects, it is a position given to noble monks, especially to those who conduct rites in ceremonies involving the emperor.
Japanese: 密教においては、大日如来等の諸仏を指すことがあるが、一般には衆僧の模範となるべき高位の僧侶の称号で、日本では天台宗および真言宗において高貴な身分の僧や、天皇の関わる儀式において修法を行う僧に特に与えられる職位である。
English: Demp Ajari - Those who have received a kanjo (a ceremony to be the successor) of the denpo (all of the necessary elements for preservation and development of the techniques and sutras).
Japanese: 伝法阿闍梨（でんぽうあじゃり）伝法（術・経文など維持発展に必要な総ての要素）の灌頂を受けた者がなる。
English: Shichikozan Ajari – Especially at Enryaku-ji Temple, Mt. Ibuki, and Atago-jinja Shrine (Kyoto City), one who has received a designation from the imperial court and has been given an imperial command to pray in a temple that conducts ceremonies to pray for abundant harvest, and works as an officiating monk;
Japanese: 七高山阿闍梨（しちこうざんあじゃり）延暦寺・伊吹山・愛宕神社(京都市)など特に朝廷から指定を受けて五穀豊穣を祈る儀式を行う寺院において祈願の勅命を与えられて導師を務める者がなる。
English: Isshin Ajari – Members of the imperial family or Sekkan-ke (the families which produced regents) who entered the priesthood while young and were allowed the title of Ajari at a young age by virtue of their noble birth became this;
Japanese: 一身阿闍梨（いっしんあじゃり）皇族や摂関家の子弟から仏門に入り、貴種のゆえをもって若いうちに阿闍梨の称号を許された者がなる。
English: Also, a Denpo Ajari of especially great virtue was called a Great Ajari.
Japanese: また、伝法阿闍梨のうち特に徳の高いものを大阿闍梨（だいあじゃり）といった。
English: Kyoto's famous sweets, Ajari-mochi, are so named because they resemble the wicker hats worn by the Ajari doing the 1000-day circumambulation at Enryaku-ji temple on Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 京都名産の菓子「阿闍梨餅」は、比叡山の延暦寺千日回峰行の阿闍梨がかぶる網代笠を模したことからこの名がついた。
English: Ongoku Bugyo were placed in important places within Shogunate-owned land (tenryo) outside of Edo, and were divided into bugyo (magistrate)and yakugata who handled the governance of that land.
Japanese: 遠国奉行（おんごくぶぎょう）は、江戸以外の幕府直轄領(天領)内の重要な場所に置かれ、その土地の政務をとりあつかった奉行、役方に分類される。
English: In addition to the machi-bugyo (town magistrate) appointed for Osaka, Kyoto and Sunpu, bugyo were also appointed for other places such as Nagasaki; these positions were mainly held by bakufu hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu, which is a form of Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 大坂・京都・駿府の町奉行のほか、長崎奉行などが置かれ、その職には主に幕府旗本が任ぜられた。
English: As an office of the Shikoseki (waiting place for their turns in which Daimyo or Hatamoto who attended to the Edo Castle to have an audience with a Shogun) -Ritsuryo system under control of the roju (member of shogun's council of elders), the tashidaka system (a wage system established by Edo bakufu) varied from 1000 to 2000 koku, depending on the location, and a salary was sometimes provided.
Japanese: 老中の支配下で伺候席律令制役で、足高制は1000石から2000石と任地により異なり役料が支給されることもあった。
English: The area of jurisdiction was called bugyo chigyosho, and when the Edo bakufu fell in 1868, the Meiji government installed and transitioned the early Meiji fu in 9 main places, including Edo.
Japanese: 管轄地を奉行知行所と呼び、1868年江戸幕府が倒れると、明治政府によって江戸を含む主な9つの場所には明治初期の府の設置と変遷。
English: Until the abolition of domains and establishment of prefectures in 1871, the early Meiji fu of Hakodate-fu, Kanagawa-fu, Echigo-fu, Niigata-fu, Kai-fu, Watarai-fu, Nara-fu and Nagasaki-fu, excluding Tokyo-fu, Osaka-fu and Kyoto-fu, were each established and transitioned.
Japanese: 1871年の廃藩置県までの間に、東京府・大阪府・京都府をのぞく箱館府・神奈川府・越後府・新潟府・甲斐府・度会府・奈良府・長崎府の各府は明治初期の府の設置と変遷。
English: In addition to Kyoto's city governance, in order to exercise rule over tenryo (bakufu-owned land) in the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) and shrine and temple lands, the post involved serving concurrently as three kinds of bugyo: jisha-bugyo (magistrate of temples and shrines), kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance), and machi bugyo.
Japanese: 京都町政の他畿内天領および寺社領の支配も行うため、寺社奉行勘定奉行町奉行の三奉行を兼ねたような職務であった。
English: In order to control (so that daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) in the middle of their Sankinkotai (a system under which feudal lords in the Edo period were required to spend every other year in residence in Edo) could not enter Kyoto without permission and contact the imperial court) Fushimi-juku and the banks of the Yodo-gawa River, which are the entrance to Kyoto, this was the only post among the Ongoku Bugyo that was filled by a daimyo.
Japanese: 京都への入口である伏見宿及び淀川河岸を監督（大名が参勤交代の途中で勝手に入京して朝廷と接触しないように）するため、遠国奉行の中では唯一大名が就任することがあった役職である。
English: For that reason the tashidaka system was not applicable, but a stipend of 3000 bales of rice was provided.
Japanese: そのため足高制の対象になっていないが、役料として3000俵が支給された。
English: Also, ties to the Kyoto Shoshidai and the Kyoto Machi-bugyo were strong, and sometimes he would run to assist them when there were major events in Kyoto.
Japanese: また、京都所司代や京都町奉行とのつながりが強く、京都での大事の際には支援に駆けつける事もあった。
English: During the Kanbun years, the Kyoto Machi-bugyo was formally treated as a non-member of the Fushimi Bugyo, although in the Genroku and Bunka years the Fushimi Bugyo was integrated with the Kyoto Machi-bugyo.
Japanese: また、寛文年間には京都町奉行が形式上伏見奉行の員外で扱われていたり、逆に元禄・文化(日本)年間には伏見奉行が京都町奉行に統合されることがあった。
English: In fact, when Masamichi KOBORI was Fushimi Bugyo, an incident called the Fushimi Riot occurred, and Masamichi's Omi Komuro Domain came under feud suppression.
Japanese: なお、小堀政方が伏見奉行の時に伏見騒動と呼ばれる事件が発生し、政方の近江小室藩が改易される事態となっている。
English: There were many changes in the number of positions, starting at one, then increased to two from 1633, three from 1686, and four from 1700, but it was set at two from the Hoei era on.
Japanese: 定員は変動が多く、最初1名で、寛永10年（1633年）より2名、貞享3年（1686年）より3名、元禄13年（1700年）より4名と増員されたが、宝永以降は2名で固定された。
English: At first, in 1616, was stationed in Shimoda City in Izu Province, but in 1720, in keeping with the increased economic activity in Edo Bay, it was moved to Uraga in Sagami Province.
Japanese: 当初元和(日本)2年(1616年)に伊豆国下田市に置かれていたが、享保5年(1720年)には江戸湾内の経済活動の活発化に伴って相模国浦賀に移転した。
English: Because it became a window of negotiations with foreign countries toward the end of the Shogunate, the number of positions was increased, and in 1842-1844 and 1854-1860 Shimoda Bugyo was installed again to provide for the arrival of foreign ships, during which time the Bugyo offices in Uraga and Shimoda existed concurrently.
Japanese: 幕末期には外国との交渉の窓口となったため、増員が行われ、また天保13年(1842年)-天保15年(1844年)及び嘉永7年(1854年)-万延元年(1860年)にかけては外国船の来航に備えて下田奉行も再置され、この期間には浦賀・下田の両奉行所が並存していた。
English: At first, the Bugyo office was located at Yamada in Ise Province (present-day Ise City, Mie Prefecture), and was later moved to Kobayashi, Watarai District, Ise Province (present-day Kobayashi, Misono Village, Ise City).
Japanese: 当初、奉行所は伊勢国山田（現在の三重県伊勢市）に置かれ、のち伊勢国度会郡小林（現・伊勢市御薗村小林）に移転。
English: Was in charge of guarding Ise-jingu Shrine and ruling the temple town, litigation in Ise and Shima, and security in Toba Port.
Japanese: 伊勢神宮の守護と門前町の支配、伊勢、志摩における訴訟、鳥羽港の警備などを担当した。
English: There was one position, then became two in 1696, with stations alternating between the field and Edo.
Japanese: 定員は1名、元禄9年（1696年）には2名となり、江戸と現地で交代勤務となる。
English: Because it had contact with the fief of the Kishu Tokugawa family, one of Tokugawa gosanke (three privileged branches of Tokugawa family), disputes occurred periodically; Tadasuke OOKA, who was active as the Edo Machibugyo at the time of Shogun Yoshimune, served at the post for a time; and there is known to be a legend that Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, who was impressed by Tadasuke's work as Bugyo when he was chief of the Kishu clan, later chose him.
Japanese: 御三家のひとつ紀州徳川家領と接していることからしばしば係争が発生し、将軍吉宗時代に江戸町奉行として活躍する大岡忠相が務めたこともあり、奉行時代の忠相の働きに感心した紀州藩主時代の徳川吉宗が、のちに抜擢したという伝説があることでも知られる。
English: In addition to security of the two grand shrines Geku (outer shrine) and Naiku (inner shrine), he also controlled the supervision of suspicious foreign ships in Ise Bay and the southern sea, even outside of Ise-Shima shrine territory, but the most important duty of the Yamada Bugyo, who was equal in standing to the Nikko Bugyo, was to carry out the '21st year rebuilding of Ise Shrine.'
Japanese: 外宮・内宮両大神宮の警固は勿論の事、伊勢湾・南海での異国不審船の取締りや伊勢志摩神領以外も支配したが、「日光御奉行」と同等同格の「山田御奉行」の最重要任務は「二十一年目御遷宮奉行」を取り仕切る任務であった。
English: To begin with, the head priest of Ise Shrine was also in charge of rebuilding the shrine, but Tadayuki AISU, the Governor of Iyo Province, who might have been the father of Kage-ryu school founder Hisatada AISU, was the first samurai to serve as bugyo over the Shrine lands during the Bunmei years.
Japanese: そもそも「御遷宮奉行」は伊勢大神宮の祭主が兼任して居ったが、「影流始祖愛洲久忠」の父であろう「愛洲伊予守忠行」が武家として初めて大神宮神領奉行職に文明年間任じられた。
English: The Edo Bakufu continued the work begun by Tadayuki AISU, the Governor of Iyo Province, by rebuilding of the shrine without interruption until the Meiji Restoration, demonstrating a reverence of the gods and ancestors that was even greater than that of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
Japanese: 江戸幕府は「愛洲伊予守忠行」の先蹤を引継ぎ、以来明治御維新迄只の一度も途切れず、源頼朝以上の「敬神敬祖」の範を示し御遷宮を行ってきた。
English: The cost of rebuilding the shrine is said to have been about 32.7 billion yen in 2005 at the 61st rebuilding, which shows just how much the Yamada Bugyos did for Ise-jingu Shrine over the years.
Japanese: 御遷宮に掛かる費用は平成十五年第六十一回式年遷宮で約三百二七億円と云われており、如何に歴代山田奉行が伊勢大神宮に御奉仕したかが解る。
English: Even before the Bugyo came to live in Kobayashi Village in 1641, there were ships called Kujaku-maru and Tora-maru, in May of 1728 for some reason the Bugyo, Hoshina of the Awaji Governor sank the ship Tora-maru in the waters of Ominato. This is the most rare of recent events. If the Kujaku-maru is stained and there is no ship available for use, those 75 suishu/doshin will work regularly at their office duties' is written in Gofushin-yaku Onkumigashira HASHIMOTO Ichirozaemon Shigenaga's "Kyoho Kojitsu Biboroku."
Japanese: 「寛永十八年御奉行小林村に御居住したまへる以前より、孔雀丸・虎丸と謂う御船あり、享保十三年戊申五月はじめ御奉行保科淡路君如何なる故にや、虎丸の御船を大湊の沖に泛かしめ給ふ。尤も近来稀なることなり。孔雀丸は汚損せしと云へり、今御船の御公用なければ其の水主同心七十五人は常に御役所付の諸役を勤む。」と御普請役御組頭橋本市郎左衛門重永の［享保庚戌備忘録］に記されている。
English: Established for supervision of Kofuku-ji Temple, Todai-ji Temple and other large temples in Nara, and rule over their temple towns (Nara-machi/Nara Kita-machi).
Japanese: 興福寺・東大寺など奈良の大寺院の監視とその門前町（ならまち・奈良きたまち）の支配のため設置。
English: Established for policing the northern frontier in 1802, when the bakufu confiscated the Ezo lands that had been part of the Matsumae Domain.
Japanese: 北辺警護のため松前藩の領地であった蝦夷地を上知した享和2年（1802年）に設置された。
English: The Bugyo office was originally located in present-day Motomachi Park (Motomachi, Hakodate City), but was moved to Goryokaku Castle after it was built.
Japanese: 奉行所は、最初は現在の元町公園（函館市元町）に置かれたが、五稜郭築城後にそちらへ移転した。
English: Was established in 1842 in Haneda (Ota Ward), as part of a policy to strengthen defenses of Edo Bay against the arrival of foreign ships, but was abolished 2 years later.
Japanese: 天保13年（1842年）に、外国船の来航に備え江戸湾の防御を固めるための政策の一環として羽田(大田区)に新設されたが、2年後に廃止。
English: Katsuyuki TANAKA – December 24, 1842 to May 24, 1844
Japanese: 田中勝行　天保13年(1842)12月24日-天保15年(1844)5月24日
English: In the Japanese aristocracy society, omandokoro is a title given to a mother based on an emperor's direction when her child was serving as the Sessho (the title of a regent given to who is named to assist an emperor when the emperor is still a child, or before coming of age, or when a female), or the Kanpaku - the title of a regent who assists an adult emperor.
Japanese: 日本の貴族社会において、摂政・関白の母親に対して、天皇の宣旨によって贈られた呼称。
English: Omandokoro was a woman who lived from the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States - Japan) through the Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1513 - August 29, 1592).
Japanese: 大政所（おおまんどころ、永正10年（1513年）-天正20年7月22日(旧暦)（1592年8月29日））は、戦国時代(日本)・安土桃山時代の女性。
English: Her formal name was Naka, and she gave birth to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Hidenaga TOYOTOMI, Nisshu and Asahihime.
Japanese: 本名を仲（なか）といい、豊臣秀吉・豊臣秀長・日秀・朝日姫の生母である。
English: Omandokoro is the abbreviation of the original term 'okitamandokoro,' and a honorific title given to a mother with a child serving as the sessho or kanpaku, and in a modern era, it is common to refer her (Juichii - Junior First Rank).
Japanese: 大政所というのは本来「大北政所」の略で、摂政・関白職にある者の母親への尊称であるが、現代では彼女一人を特定して指すことが主である（従一位）。
English: In 1513, she was born as the daughter of Kanesada SEKI who was running a forging shop and also in the samurai class in Gokiso-mura, Aichi-gun, Owari Province (Aichi Prefecture).
Japanese: 永正10年（1513年）、尾張国愛知郡(愛知県)御器所村に鍛冶屋を営み、武家でもあった関兼員の娘として生まれたとされる。
English: She got married with Yaemon KINOSHITA (Shokichi KINOSHITA and Yasuke NAKAMURA) who was serving as the head of conscripted foot-soldiers for Nobuhide ODA and she gave birth to Nisshu-in and Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 織田信秀の足軽大将を勤めた木下弥右衛門（木下昌吉・中村弥助）のもとに嫁ぎ、日秀院と秀吉を生む。
English: Meanwhile, after her husband died in the war (actually, died of a disease), she got married with Masamori MIZUNO (Chikuami) who was serving as doboshu (government post) for Hidenobu.
Japanese: しかし、夫がある戦で戦死すると（実際は病没）、信秀の同朋衆・水野昌盛（竹阿弥）と再婚した。
English: She gave birth to Hidenaga and Asahihime during that period of time (Father of Hidenaga and Asahihime is believed to be Yaemon or Chikuami.)
Japanese: その間に、秀長と朝日姫を儲けた（秀長と朝日姫の父については弥右衛門説と竹阿弥説の両方がある）。
English: Upon the promotion of Hideyoshi to the Kanpaku in 1585, she was called Omandokoro.
Japanese: 天正13年（1585年）、秀吉が関白になったのに際し大政所と呼ばれるようになる。
English: In 1586, Hideyoshi advised Ieyasu TOKUGAWA to carry out the joraku (going to Kyoto to seize power), but it was unsuccessful, and he sent Asahihime for his legal wife and Omandokoro as a hostage to Okazaki, Mikawa Province.
Japanese: 翌天正14年（1586年）、秀吉が徳川家康に上洛を勧めるがうまくいかなかったため、朝日姫を正室として、大政所を人質として三河国岡崎に送った。
English: As a result, Ieyasu agreed to the joraku, and Omandokoro was able to return to Osaka in a month or so.
Japanese: その結果、家康は上洛に応じたため、大政所は約1ヶ月で大阪に戻ることができた。
English: Hideyoshi called for his mother to live and stay in the castle when he became the owner of Nagahama-jo Castle, and it is well known that he always cared about his mother throughout the rest of her life.
Japanese: 秀吉は長浜城主となった時に母を城に迎えているが、終生母を大事にしたことは有名である。
English: After the preceding death of her children, Asahihime and Hidenaga, she died in 1592 at Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's residence in Kyoto.)
Japanese: 子の朝日姫・秀長に先立たれた後、天正20年（1592年）に聚楽第で没した。
English: The term "Kubo" originally referred to the embodiment of public affairs in the premodern Japan or the national sovereign power, that is, the Emperor or the Imperial Court in olden times, and the Shogun in the Kamakura and the Muromachi periods.
Japanese: 公方（くぼう）とは、前近代の日本において、国家に関する公（おおやけ）のことを体現する方面及び国家的統治権、すなわち古い時代の天皇やその朝廷、鎌倉時代、室町時代の将軍に起源する言葉である。
English: Especially in the late Muromachi period, the term "Kubo" was used as the title of the Ashikaga Shogun Family who were dominant in exercising governmental authority of the Shogun.
Japanese: 特に室町時代の後半には、将軍の公権力の代行者として君臨した足利将軍家の一族の者の肩書きとして用いられた。
English: In China, the Chinese character for "ku" in the word "Kubo" included the concept of "private," while in Japan this character was used to mean the integration of the nation and its people.
Japanese: 公は中国において私を内包する観念であり、日本で言うところの民と国家を総合する意味があった。
English: In Japanese, the meaning changed such that the concept of "public" did not include "private" referring to the field that a nation should deal with, and it became the opposite of "private."
Japanese: 日本語ではこの意が変化し、「公」は「私」を含まない観念で国家の取り扱う領分を意味する語となり、私の対義語となった。
English: This concept appears in Japanese phrases such as "Goko gomin" (to share the total harvest of rice between public and private, 50% each) or "Koshi kondo" (to mix up public and private matters).
Japanese: このような観念は「五公五民」「公私混同」といった用い方にあらわれている。
English: As a result, the term "Oyake" (another pronunciation of 'ku' of 'kubo') was used to mean the Emperor as the national embodiment in ancient Japan, and the custom of calling the Emperor, his family, and the Court as "Koke" (literally, public family) or "Kubo" sprang up.
Japanese: このような感覚から、古代には日本という国家を一身で体現する存在である天皇を指し示す表現として「おおやけ」という言葉が使われ、天皇やその家、朝廷を「公家（こうけ）」或いは「公方」と呼称する慣習が生まれた。
English: After the late Heian period in which private fiefs like shoen (manor in medieval Japan) were remarkably spreading, the term "Kubo" was used to emphasize the national sovereignty.
Japanese: 特に荘園などの私的な所領が広がりを見せた平安時代後期以後には国家的な統治権を強調するためにも用いられた。
English: However, after the Kamakura period when the Court's power had relatively fallen, there were some cases that "Honjo" (temples, shrines, and court nobles) and samurai families, which had achieved control of the entire shoen and Koryo (an Imperial demesne), called themselves "Kubo" as the holder of the sovereign power in the fiefs.
Japanese: だが、相対的な朝廷権力の低下した鎌倉時代以後には、荘園・公領の一円支配を実現させた本所（寺社・公家）や武家などが、その土地の統治権の保持者として「公方」と名乗る例も登場した。