nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: He became the load of Tamonyama-jo Castle by taking over as the head of the family from his father in 1562, and received the conferment of a court rank and appointment to an office of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and Uemon no suke (Assistant Captain of the Right Division of Outer Palace Guards).
Japanese: 永禄5年（1562年）、父から家督を譲られて多聞山城主となり、従五位下・右衛門佐に叙位・任官する。
English: He joined the assassination of Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, the thirteenth seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") at the Muromachi Imperial palace with the miyoshi sanninshu (three chief retainers of the Miyoshi clan).
Japanese: 永禄8年（1565年）には三好三人衆と共に室町御所における13代将軍・足利義輝の暗殺の実行犯として参加した。
English: In 1568. when Nobunaga ODA went to the capital under Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, the fifteenth shogun and the brother of Yoshiteru, Hisamichi and his father surrendered to Nobunaga and was approved of the Yamato Province.
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年）、織田信長が義輝の弟で15代将軍足利義昭を奉じて上洛してくると、父と共に信長に降伏して大和国を安堵された。
English: Although he and his father obeyed Nobunaga afterward, when anti-Nobunaga network was developed, he raised a rebellion along with his father.
Japanese: その後は父と共に信長に従ったが、信長包囲網が敷かれるに及んで父と共に信長に対して反逆する。
English: However, in 1573, the Oda army invaded the Tamonyama-jo Castle and Hisamichi surrendered.
Japanese: しかし天正元年（1573年）、多聞山城を織田軍に攻められて降伏した。
English: In October 1577, when his father Hisahide raised a rebellion again against Nobunaga ODA, Hisamichi followed his father.
Japanese: 天正5年（1577年）10月、再び父・久秀が織田信長に対して謀反を起こしたときもこれに従って信長に反抗した。
English: Naomasa BAN (year of birth unknown - June 9, 1576) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Azuchi Momoyama period.
Japanese: 塙直政（ばんなおまさ、生年不詳-天正4年5月3日(旧暦)（1576年5月30日）は、安土桃山時代の武将。
English: In 1575, he was granted the family name of Harada, the famous family in the Kyushu region; afterward, he used the name of Harada Bicchu no kami (governor of Bicchu Province, Harada).
Japanese: 天正3年（1575年）に九州の名族・原田氏姓を下賜され、以降原田備中守を名乗る。
English: Since Nobunaga's entering the capital in 1568, Naomasa became mainly in charge of government affairs in the Kinai region (provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara), and served as obugyo (shogunate administrator)(supervisory role) at the time of granting of nanjatai (granting of a fragrant wood which is said to have the best aroma).
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年）の信長入京以降、主に畿内の政務を担当し、蘭奢待下賜の際の御奉行（監督役）を務めた。
English: He was appointed as the Yamashiro no kuni Shugo (provincial constable of Yamashiro Province) in May 1574 and as the Yamato no kuni Shugo (provincial constable of Yamato Province) in March 1575; he was successful as a riryo (government official).
Japanese: 天正2年（1574年）5月には山城国守護、翌年3月には大和国守護の兼務を命じられるなど、吏僚としての活躍が目立つ。
English: Afterward, he came to join military operations; he joined the battle against Hongan-ji Temple and Ise Nagashima Ikko Ikki (an uprising of Ikko sect followers in Nagashima, Ise Province) and Echizen ikko ikki (religious riot) in 1575, and achieved distinguished war services.
Japanese: 以降は軍事作戦にも参加し、対本願寺戦や天正3年（1575年）の伊勢長島一向一揆、越前一向一揆に参加し戦功を立てる。
English: At the jonin (investiture) this year, Naomasa was appointed as the Bicchu no kami (the governor of Bicchu Province) along with Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Mitsuhide AKECHI and Hiromasa YANADA; he was then granted the family name of Harada.
Japanese: この年の叙任で豊臣秀吉・明智光秀や簗田広正らに混じって備中守に任ぜられ、原田のカバネを下賜された。
English: In May 1576, Naomasa went to the front at the siege of the Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple (Ishiyama War) along with Mitsuhide AKECHI, Murashige ARAKI and Yusai HOSOKAWA and took charge of the capture of Mitsu-tera Temple, but was ambushed by the soldiers of Hongan-ji Temple and died in a melee.
Japanese: 天正4年（1576年）4月、明智光秀、荒木村重、細川幽斎らとともに石山本願寺攻め（石山合戦）に出陣し、主力として三津寺攻略を担当したが、本願寺側の伏兵に遭い乱戦の中討死した。
English: Nobunaga was furious at the loss at the battle, and arrested the surviving members of the Ban family and retainers and took fierce measures against them such as confiscation of territories and forbiddance of lodging.
Japanese: この敗戦に怒った信長は、生き残った塙一族や郎党を捕縛し、所領を没収、寄宿を厳禁するなど峻烈な措置をとった。
English: During the period from 1965-1974, he became popular among the general public due to his appearance in a commercial message of 'NESCAFÉ Gold Blend,' a product by NESCAFÉ.
Japanese: 昭和40年代には、ネスカフェの「ネスカフェゴールドブレンド」のCMでお茶の間に認知された。
English: He has been striving to spread kyogen since after the war which was the dark days for traditional performing arts, and received broad support.
Japanese: 戦後の伝統芸能不遇の時代から狂言の普及に努め、広く支持を集めている。
English: He won many awards such as Arts Festival (Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs) Grand Prize, Award of the Japan Art Academy, The Kinokuniya Theater Prize, Shiju hosho (medal of honor with purple ribbon) and Shoyo TSUBOUCHI's Prize.
Japanese: 芸術祭(文化庁)大賞、日本芸術院賞、紀伊國屋演劇賞、紫綬褒章、坪内逍遥大賞など受賞多数。
English: Nobuhide SAKUMA (1556-January 14, 1632) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Azuchi Momoyama Period.
Japanese: 佐久間信栄（さくまのぶひで、弘治(日本)2年（1556年）-寛永8年11月23日(旧暦)（1632年1月14日））は、安土桃山時代の武将。
English: Some people say his name was Masakatsu, but according to reliable materials, his name is referred to as Nobuhide.
Japanese: 諱は正勝（まさかつ）とも伝えられるが、信頼できる史料は信栄としている。
English: He fought in battles with his father around the country, accomplished distinguished war services in battles such as capture of Okochi-jo Castle, Ise Province and the battle against Rokkaku clan, and was in charge of the defense of Tenno-ji Castle in the battle against Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple in 1576.
Japanese: 若くして父と共に各地を転戦、伊勢国大河内城攻略戦、対六角氏戦などで父と共に戦功をあげ、天正4年（1576年）には対石山本願寺戦で天王寺城の守備を任されている。
English: When his father Nobumori became the commander in the siege of the Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple following the death of Naomasa BAN, he assisted his father and was dispatched with a reinforcement troop in various places in the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto).
Japanese: 塙直政の戦死によって父・信盛が石山本願寺攻めの指揮官になるとこれを補佐し、平行して畿内各地に援軍として出兵した。
English: However, he could not achieve any results in the siege of the Ishiyama, which irritated Nobunaga; when Nobunaga made peace with the Hongan-ji Temple by pressuring the Imperial Court in 1580, Nobuhide and his father were expelled to Koyasan with a letter of reprimand which consisted of 19 articles.
Japanese: しかし、石山攻めでは一向に結果が出せず、業を煮やした信長が天正8年（1580年）朝廷を動かして本願寺と和睦すると、19ヶ条に渉る譴責状を突きつけられて父共々高野山に追放された。
English: In the letter of reprimand, Nobuhide was bitterly criticized as 'regarding the frivolous acts of Jinkuro, there are too many to describe.'
Japanese: 譴責状では「甚九郎覚悟の条々　書き並べ候えば　筆にも墨にも述べがたき事」と酷評されている。
English: It is likely that he was actually keen on collecting chaki (tea utensils) and attending tea ceremony parties, and was absorbed in tea ceremonies.
Japanese: 確かに茶器の収集や茶会の出席などに精を出し、茶道三昧の日々を送っていた事は事実らしい。
English: After the death of his father Nobumori, Nobuhide was pardoned in January 1582, and served Nobutada ODA.
Japanese: 父・信盛の死後、天正10年（1582年）1月には赦免されて織田信忠に仕えた。
English: After the Siege of Osaka, Nobuhide was awarded by Hidetada TOKUGAWA 3,000 koku crop yields (541.17 cubic meters) in Kodama County and Yokomi County, Musashi Province for being otogishu (adviser).
Japanese: 大坂の役後は徳川秀忠に御伽衆として武蔵国児玉郡、横見郡に3000石を与えられた。
English: Sadako SAWAMURA (November 11, 1908 - August 16, 1996) was an actress and essayist.
Japanese: 沢村貞子（さわむらさだこ、1908年（明治41年）11月11日-1996年（平成8年）8月16日）は俳優、随筆家。
English: Kunitaro SAWAMURA's sons (Sadako's nephews) are Hiroyuki NAGATO and Masahiko TSUGAWA, both of whom are actors.
Japanese: 沢村国太郎の息子で貞子の甥は長門裕之・津川雅彦で、ともに俳優である。
English: After graduating from Kyoto Prefectural First Girls' High School (present Tokyo Metropolitan Hakuo Senior High School), she was dropped out of the Japan Women's University Normal Department of Home Economics and entered the New Tsukiji Theater Company while attending school.
Japanese: 府立第一高等女学校（現東京都立白鴎高等学校）卒業後、日本女子大学師範家政学部を中退、在学中に新築地劇団に入る。
English: She was successful as a well-known supporting actress in films directed by Yasujiro OZU and was cast in over 100 films throughout her life.
Japanese: 小津安二郎監督作品などで名脇役として活躍し、生涯で100本を越す映画に出演した。
English: In 1956, she received the award for the best supporting actress at the Mainichi Film Awards for a film entitled 'Akasen Chitai' (Street of Shame) (directed by Kenji MIZOGUCHI).
Japanese: 1956年、映画「赤線地帯」（溝口健二監督）で毎日映画コンクール女優助演賞を受賞。
English: In particular, her autobiographical essay "My Asakusa" published in 1977 was highly praised as a masterpiece that vividly portrays the flavor of downtown Tokyo.
Japanese: 特に1977年に発表した自伝的随筆『私の浅草』は下町の風情を生き生きと綴りあげた名著と評価が高い。
English: This work won the 25th Japan Essayist Club Award, and the basis of both the book "Kai no Uta" and the morning drama series "Otei-chan."
Japanese: この作品は第25回日本エッセイスト・クラブ賞を受賞し、『貝のうた』とともに連続テレビ小説『おていちゃん』の原作となった。
English: Her ashes were later scattered with the ashes of her husband Yasuhiko OHASHI, who died before her, in Sagami bay.
Japanese: その後、遺骨は先立った夫・大橋恭彦の遺骨とともに相模湾に散骨された。
English: Yoshiharu BESSHO (1579 - August 25, 1654) was a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) in the Edo period.
Japanese: 別所吉治（べっしょよしはる、天正7年（1579年）-承応3年7月13日(旧暦)（1654年8月25日））は江戸時代の大名。
English: His brothers were: Muneharu BESSHO; Shigeie BESSHO (hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu), founder of the Arai-Bessho clan, Karoku (hereditary stipend) of 1,000 koku in the five district of Mino Province); Nobunori BESSHO; and Masayuki FUKUSHIMA.
Japanese: 兄弟に別所宗治、別所重家（旗本、新井別所氏祖、家禄美濃5郡1000石）、別所信範、福島正之。
English: There is a theory that although Yoshiharu is said to be the son of Shigemune, he was actually the son of Nagaharu BESSHO and escaped by following one of the vassals at the time of the fall of the Miki-jo Castle in 1580.
Japanese: 重宗の子と言われているが、実は別所長治の子で、天正8年（1580年）に三木城が落城したとき、家臣に連れられて落ち延びたという説がある。
English: He served in the Bunroku War (1592) and the erection of Fushimi Castle (1594) as the vassal of Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 文禄元年（1592年）の文禄の役や文禄3年（1594年）の伏見城築城など、秀吉の家臣として尽力した。
English: He joined the West squad at the Battle of Sekigahara (1600), and joined the attack to the Tango no kuni Tanabe-jo Castle (Tango Province).
Japanese: 慶長5年（1600年）の関ケ原の戦いでは西軍に属して丹後国田辺城(丹後国)攻撃に参加した。
English: After the battle, he was authorized for land ownership by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA for some reason; this is thought to be because Yoshiharu's aunt was the menoto (a woman providing breast-feed to a highborn baby) of Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: 戦後、なぜか徳川家康から所領は安堵されたが、これは吉治の伯母が、徳川秀忠の乳母であった為といわれる。
English: In 1615, Yoshiharu was additionally granted 5,000 koku crop yields in the Tanba Province due to the distinguished war service at the Siege of Osaka; he then owned 20,000 koku crop yields in total.
Japanese: 慶長20年（1615年）、大坂の役の戦功により丹波国内に5000石を加増されて石高は2万石となった。
English: In 1628, however, it was found that he faked illness and went to falconry instead of going to work.
Japanese: しかし寛永5年（1628年）、仮病で参勤を怠り、その裏で鷹狩をしていたことが発覚。
English: In 1648, his son Moriharu BESSHO was pardoned, and was later granted 1,000 bales.
Japanese: 慶安元年（1648年）、息子の別所守治は赦免され、のち1000俵を与えられた。
English: Tsunamoto ONINIWA (1549 - July 13, 1640) was a busho (Japanese military commander) of the Date clan.
Japanese: 鬼庭綱元（おににわつなもと、天文(元号)18年（1549年）-寛永17年5月24日(旧暦)（1640年7月13日））は、伊達氏の武将。
English: According to tradition, Motoyoshi SAITO (the son of Morifusa [Sanetoshi] and grandchild of 内蔵人行元 and Sanemori SAITO), who was a local samurai from Yase in Yamashiro Province, moved to Moniwa Village, Date County (present Moniwa, Izaka-cho, Fukushima City).
Japanese: 伝承によると、山城国八瀬の国人・斎藤基良（内蔵人行元、斎藤実盛の孫、盛房（実俊）の子とする）という人物が山城国から、伊達郡茂庭村（現福島市飯坂町茂庭）に移住した。
English: He started to call his clan the Oniniwa (literally, "the garden of the demon") clan after he defeated a monstrous 8-headed snake called Yawatanoorochi.
Japanese: ヤマタノオロチによって鬼庭氏と称するようになったのが始まりと伝わる。
English: He also had fine administrative skills, which meant that he became a bugyo (magistrate) ahead of more senior vassals at the age of 38 in 1586.
Japanese: 行政手腕にも優れていたため、翌年に綱元は38歳の若さで老臣を差し置いて奉行となった。
English: In 1590, when Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI suspected lord Masamune of rebellion, Tsunamoto traveled to Kyoto in his defense.
Japanese: 1590年、豊臣秀吉が主君・政宗に対して謀反の嫌疑をかけてくると、綱元は上洛してこれを陳弁している。
English: It was at this time that Hideyoshi became pleased with Tsunamoto's talent and had him marry his concubine Otane (Ko no Mae).
Japanese: このとき、秀吉は綱元の才能を気に入って、愛妾のお種（香の前）殿を妻として与えている。
English: However, this was done without Masamune's permission, causing him to become enraged and forcing Tsunamoto to abscond in 1595.
Japanese: しかし、これは政宗に無断で賜ったため政宗の怒りを買い、1595年に出奔した。
English: When Masamune's shochoshi (the eldest child born out of wedlock) Hidemune DATE was transferred to the Uwajima Domain of Iyo Province, he was appointed by Masamune to assist Hidemune and direct domain duties.
Japanese: さらには政宗の庶長子・伊達秀宗が伊予国宇和島藩に移封されると、政宗から秀宗の補佐と藩政の指導を任されている。
English: When he stayed in Nagoya during the Bunroku campaign, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI said the surname 'Oniniwa' was believed to bring bad luck, so his surname was changed from Oniniwa to Moniwa.
Japanese: 文禄の役で名護屋に滞在した際、豊臣秀吉が鬼庭という姓は縁起が悪いとして、鬼庭を茂庭（もにわ）に改めさせたという。
English: Moniwa-cho which remains in Kurihara City is the land which became the chigyo-chi (territory) of Tsunamoto MONIWA after the forced relocation of Masamune DATE.
Japanese: なお、栗原市に残る茂庭町は、伊達政宗の移封後、茂庭綱元の知行地となった土地である。
English: Takahiro KITAJO (1517? – 1587?) was a military commander during the Sengoku (Warring States) period in Japan.
Japanese: 北条高広（きたじょうたかひろ、永正14年（1517年？）-天正15年（1587年？））は、戦国時代(日本)の武将。
English: The Kitajo clan is in the same family line as the Mori clan of Aki Province, but the Kitajo clan is in the line of heir unlike the Aki Mori clan.
Japanese: 北条氏（きたじょうし）は安芸国の毛利氏と同族であり、血筋の上では安芸毛利氏より正嫡である。
English: Furthermore, the Yasuda clan was part of the Echigo branch of the Mori household, from which Takahiro's adoptive father Hiroharu hailed and was adopted by Sukehiro KITAJO; accordingly, Hiroharu concurrently held the roles of heads of the Kitajo and Yasuda clans.
Japanese: なお、越後の毛利一族には安田氏がおり、高広の父（養父）の広春はもともとは安田氏の出身で、北条輔広の養子となり、北条氏と安田氏の当主を兼任していた。
English: When Hiroharu died around 1530, the role of the Kitajo family head was inherited by Takahiro, whereas the role of the Yasuda family head passed to Kagemoto YASUDA.
Japanese: 享禄3年（1530年）ごろ、広春が没し、北条氏の家督は高広、安田氏の家督は安田景元が継承した。
English: Takahiro was a competent warrior, which was said 'A peerless, brave warrior with twice the ability and the physique of others' (Hokuetsu War Stories).
Japanese: 高広は武将としての器量に優れ、「器量・骨幹、人に倍して無双の勇士」と謳われた（北越軍談）。
English: Yet, he was the hastiest person among the family members, and the head of the clan Kenshin UESUGI was said to have been burdened with many worries.
Japanese: しかし、家中一の粗忽の者で、主君の上杉謙信も気を揉むことが多かったといわれている。
English: Following the complications outlined above, Kagemoto was antagonistic to Kagemoto of the Yasuda clan, in particular, and it iwas he who reported Takahiro's act of treason to Kenshin.
Japanese: また、上述の経緯から、安田氏の景元とは特に対立関係にあったようで、高広の謀反を謙信に報告したのは景元である。
English: Takahiro served the Nagao clan, a feudal warlord in Echigo province, then served Tamekage NAGAO and Harukage NAGAO with distinguished war service, but in 1554, shifted sides to that of Shingen TAKEDA of Kai Province who was antagonistic towards the Nagao clan, and rebelled against Kenshin UESUGI at the Kitajo Castle.
Japanese: 高広は越後の戦国大名である長尾氏に仕え、長尾為景・長尾晴景に仕え、戦功を積んでいたが、天文(元号)23年（1554年）、長尾氏に敵対する甲斐国の武田信玄と通じて北条城において主君・上杉謙信に反乱。
English: In 1563, he was commissioned as lord of Umayabashijo Castle in Kozuke Province and was entrusted with political and military matters in the Kanto district.
Japanese: 永禄6年（1563年）には上野国厩橋城主に任命され、関東方面の政治や軍事を任されたのである。
English: Thus we can assume that Takahiro was an excellent military commander; and now in 1567, he disobeyed Kenshin for the second time by changing his allegiance and siding with Ujiyasu HOJO.
Japanese: これを見ても、高広が武将として優れていたのがうかがえるが、永禄10年（1567年）、今度は北条氏康に通じて再び謙信に背く。
English: However, with the conclusion of the Etsuso Alliance between the Uesugi and Gohojo clans in the following year, Takahiro was able to return to the service of the Uesugi clan thanks to the intercession of Ujimasa HOJO, and from then on served the Uesugi clan as a loyal retainer.
Japanese: しかしこれは翌年、上杉氏と後北条氏との間で越相同盟が結ばれたため、高広は北条氏政の仲介のもと、再び上杉氏に帰参し、以後は上杉氏の家臣として忠実に仕えた。
English: Internal conflict erupted within the Numata clan with the murder of Choken, the hustand of Numata clan's daughter, and at the urging of a group of vassals, Choken's father, Akiyasu NUMATA (Mankisai), and Akiyasu's son, Kageyoshi NUMATA, were exiled to Aizu.
Japanese: 沼田氏で内紛が起こり、娘婿の朝憲が殺害されると、沼田氏の家臣団の求めに応じ、朝憲の父の沼田顕泰（万鬼斎）とその子の沼田景義を会津に追放している。
English: In 1574, he retired to Ogojo Castle and handed over the headship to his eldest son, Kagehiro.
Japanese: 天正2年（1574年）に隠居して大胡城へ入り、家督を嫡男の景広に譲った。
English: In the Ontate Revolt, together with his son Kagehiro, he supported Kagetora UESUGI and fought Kagekatsu UESUGI; however, Kitajo-jo Castle and other sites fell, Kagehiro was killed, and he retreated to Katsuyori TAKEDA (it is also said that his real father, Takatei, was killed by Kagekatsu).
Japanese: 御館の乱では、子の景広と共に上杉景虎を支持して上杉景勝と戦うが、北条城などを落とされ、景広は戦死し、自身は武田勝頼のもとへ走った（実父とされる高定も景勝に殺害されたといわれる）。
English: It is said that afterwards he served Kagekatsu through the mediation of Katsuyori (alternatively, after the downfall of the Takeda clan, he served Kazumasa TAKIGAWA, but after Kazumasa's downfall, he served the Gohojo clan), but details are unknown in regard to his latter years.
Japanese: その後、勝頼の取り成しで景勝に仕えた（あるいは武田氏の滅亡後に滝川一益に仕え、一益の没落後に後北条氏に仕えたとも）というが、晩年の消息は詳しくわかっていない。
English: Besides Kagehiro, he also had another child 'Takahiro KITAJO' having the same name as his own--It is said that Takahiro (the junior) returned to service of the Uesugi clan but failed in regaining the territory lost in Echigo and fell.
Japanese: なお、子には景広の他にも同名の｢北条高広｣がおり、彼は上杉氏に帰参したものの越後の所領を取り戻すことはできず没落したという。
English: Kagehiro KITAJO (1548 - February 28, 1579) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Sengoku period.
Japanese: 北条景広（きたじょうかげひろ、天文(元号)17年（1548年）-天正7年2月3日(旧暦)（1579年2月28日））は戦国時代(日本)の武将。
English: In 1563, he moved into Umayabashi-jo Castle with his father Takahiro and helped Kenshin UESUGI manage politics and military affairs in Kanto area.
Japanese: 永禄6年（1563年）、父・高広と共に厩橋城に入り、上杉謙信の関東方面の政治や軍事を助けた。
English: In the Otate War broken out after the death of Kenshin in 1578, he supported Kagetora UESUGI and advanced to Echigo Province and fought against the army of Kagekatsu UESUGI in various places.
Japanese: 天正6年（1578年）の謙信没後に起こった御館の乱では上杉景虎を支持して、越後に進軍し上杉景勝の軍と各地で戦った。
English: However, the following year, he was injured by the spear of Nagashige OGITA, a busho (Japanese military commander) of the Kagekatsu's army, and it resulted in the fatal wound and he died.
Japanese: しかし、翌年、景勝軍の武将・荻田長繁の槍を受け負傷し、結局それが致命傷となり亡くなった。
English: Since Kagehiro was one of the key figures in Kagetora group, Kagetora group lost centripetal force and defectors appeared one after another, then the group suffered a defeat.
Japanese: 景広は景虎派の中心人物の一人であったため、求心力を失った景虎派は離反者が続出し、敗北することになる。
English: Yoriyasu OTOMO (1222 - October 30, 1300) was the third family head of the Otomo clan.
Japanese: 大友頼康（おおともよりやす、貞応元年（1222年）-正安2年9月17日(旧暦)（1300年10月30日））は大友氏三代当主。
English: At first he worked as gokenin in Kyoto and Kamakura, but when a crisis of Mongol invasion attempts against Japan loomed large, he was appointed to bugyo (magistrate) of Chinzei Toho by the order of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and he was in charge of gunsei (military government) in Kyushu.
Japanese: はじめは御家人として京都や鎌倉で活動していたが、元寇の危機が強まると幕命により鎮西東方の奉行に任命され、九州の軍政を担当した。
English: In the Bunei War in 1274, he fought against the Yuan (Dynasty) army in Hakozaki (Fukuoka City) and was defeated.
Japanese: 文永11年（1274年）の文永の役では箱崎(福岡市)で元(王朝)軍と戦い敗れた。
English: His disgraceful behavior that Hakozaki-hachimangu Shrine was burned by the enemy drew criticism from the public.
Japanese: 箱崎八幡宮を敵に焼かれるという醜態をさらして世間からの非難を浴びた。
English: However, in the Koan War in 1281, he fought hard in the Shikanoshima-island Battle and routed the Yuan army headed by Hokei KIN and Chakyu KO, then he eradicated the stigma.
Japanese: しかし、弘安4年（1281年）の弘安の役では志賀島の戦いで奮戦して金方慶や洪茶丘らが率いる元軍に大勝し、汚名を返上した。
English: In this era of Yoritomo, the Otomo clan settled in Bungo Province and increasingly extended its influence as daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) in Kitakyushu.
Japanese: 大友氏はこの頼康の時代に豊後国に土着し、大名として北九州に次第に勢力を拡大していくことになったのである。
English: Katsutoyo YAMAUCHI was a warrior and feudal lord from the Warring States period to the Azuchi-Momoyama period and the Edo period.
Japanese: 山内一豊（やまうちかつとよ）は戦国時代(日本)から安土桃山時代、江戸時代の武将・大名である。
English: He fought for the Tokugawa side during the Battle of Sekigahara and his services were recognized; therefore, he was given Tosa Province, equaling 200,000 koku.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いにおいて家康方について功績を認められたため、土佐国20万石を与えられた。
English: His wife, Kenshoin was known as a faithful, supportive partner (she is famous as 'Chiyo,' but it isn't known whether this was her actual name).
Japanese: 妻は内助の功で知られる見性院(山内一豊室)（「千代」の名で有名だが、実名かどうかは定かでない。
English: Regarding the origin of the Tosa Yamauchi clan into which Katsutoyo was born, the content submitted by the Tosa Domain for the "Kansei Choshu Shokafu" (a record of family trees of samurai warriors of the Edo bakufu) produced in the latter half of the Edo period stated that they were the descendants of the Sudo Yamanouchi clan, who were the descendants of FUJIWARA no Hidesato.
Japanese: 一豊の生まれた土佐山内氏の出自については、江戸時代後半に作成された『寛政重修諸家譜』に土佐藩が提出した内容によれば藤原秀郷の子孫である首藤山内氏の末裔である。
English: However, it isn't known whether they were actually the descendants of the Sudo Yamanouchi clan because the apparent descendants of that clan existed separately in Bigo Province during the Warring States period (this Yamauchi clan later became part of the Mori clan and continued into the Edo period) and a record of even the name of the ascendants of Kazutoyo has not been found for eight generations preceding Katsutoyo's great grandfather.
Japanese: ただし首藤山内氏の明らかな末裔は戦国時代当時には別に備後国に存在し（この山内氏はその後毛利氏に帰属し、江戸時代まで続いている）ている一方、一豊の山内氏は曽祖父以前から八代分について名前すら伝わっておらず本当に首藤山内氏の末裔であるかどうかは不明である。
English: Folklore of the Aizu region says that Katsutoyo was part of the Yamauchi clan (a branch family of Sudo Ymanouchi clan), which worked for the Ashina clan, which in turn became Nobunaga's vassal when he wandered, but this doesn't fit Katsutoyo's accomplishments during the Owari period.
Japanese: また会津地方では葦名氏に仕えた山内氏（首藤山内氏の庶流）の子が流浪して信長に仕えたのが一豊であるとする伝承もあるが、これは尾張時代の一豊の事績と合致しないために否定されている。
English: It is considered that Katsutoyo's Yamauchi clan began to appear in the history of the Owari Province (western Aichi Prefecture) from the time of Katsutoyo's grandfather, Hisatoyo.
Japanese: 一豊の山内氏が尾張国（愛知県西部）に名を表すようになったのは一豊の祖父・久豊からであると考えられている。
English: Regarding the family history before this, some theories assert that it could have been a small local clan based in Sanomiyajo, Tanba Province (Sannomiya, Kyotanba-cho, Funai-gun, Kyoto Prefecture), but this is unclear (certain historical documents hint at this possibility).
Japanese: それ以前については丹波国三宮城（京都府船井郡京丹波町三ノ宮）あたりを拠点としていた小豪族がそれに当たるとも考えられるが、定かではない（その可能性をにおわせる史料は残っている）。
English: However, Katsutoyo's father Moritoyo was definitely a chief vassal of the Iwakura Oda clan, which ruled the four upper districts of Owari as Shugodai (deputy of Shugo, provincial constable).
Japanese: ただし一豊の父・盛豊については尾張上四郡を支配する守護代・岩倉織田氏に重臣として仕えていたことは間違いない。
English: The reading of 'Yamauchi' was considered to be 'Yamanouchi' in many historical reference books and dictionaries.
Japanese: 「山内」の読みについて、多くの歴史参考書や辞典などでは「やまのうち」と訓むとされてきた。
English: This follows the reading of the Sudo Yamanouchi clan, read as 'Yamanouchi,' who are thought to be the ancestors of the Tosa Yamauchi clan.
Japanese: これは、先に書いたとおり土佐山内氏が祖先であるとする首藤山内氏が「やまのうち」と訓むことによる。
English: Indeed, the toponym of Yamanouchisho, Kamakura (Yamanouchi, Kamakura City, Kanagawa Prefecture) became the basis for reading the family name of Sudo Yamanouchi clan as 'Yamanouchi.'
Japanese: 現に首藤山内氏が苗字の元とした鎌倉・山内庄（神奈川県鎌倉市山ノ内）の地名は「やまのうち」と訓む。
English: However, the aforementioned "Kansei Choshu Shokafu" has hiragana readings of Katsutoyo's Yamauchi clan as 'Yamauchi.'
Japanese: 一方、一豊の山内氏は既出の『寛政重修諸家譜』には「やまうち」とひらがなでルビがふってある。
English: Additionally, a letter addressed to Katsutoyo from Okurakyo-no-tsubone, a lady-in-waiting for Yododono, still exists in the present Yamauchi family and writes the address in hiragana as 'Yamauchitsushima dono.'
Japanese: また淀殿の侍女であった大蔵卿局が一豊に向けて送った書簡が現在も山内家に残っているがそのあて先はひらがなで「やまうちつしまどの」となっており、