nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: On January 18, 2003, the oldest national flag of Japan (although it was not a national flag at the time) remaining today, which was granted as an Imperial gift by the Emperor Godaigo, and yosegaki (a card on which people write a few lines each) by Tenchu-gumi, and other items were stolen.
Japanese: 2003年（平成15年）1月18日、後醍醐天皇に下賜された現存最古の日本の国旗（当時は国旗ではなかったが）や、天誅組の寄せ書きなどが盗難にあった。
English: Ano bairin (the forest of Japanese plums in Gojo City in Nara Prefecture) was famous ever since the period of the Northern and Southern Courts; after the Meiji period, plum trees were planted for harvesting plums.
Japanese: 南北朝時代から賀名生ウメ林が有名であり、明治以降は実を収穫するための植林もされた。
English: Furthermore in 1923, five thousand plum trees were planted to celebrate the marriage of the Crown Prince (later the Emperor Showa).
Japanese: さらに、1923年（大正12年）、皇太子（後の昭和天皇）成婚を記念して5千本の梅が植林された。
English: If using Gojo Nishi-yoshino Line (site of Goshin Line) of Nara Kotsu Bus Lines Co. Ltd., get off at Ano Bus Stop; or if using Yagi-Shingu Route (Totsu-kawa River/Motomiya Ideyu Line) of Nanki Office, Nara Kotsu Bus Lines Co., Ltd., get off at Ano Wada North Exit Bus Stop.
Japanese: 奈良交通バス五條西吉野線（五新線用地）賀名生バス停下車、または奈良交通南紀営業所八木新宮線（十津川・本宮いでゆライン）賀名生和田北口バス停下車。
English: Sugatani onsen is a hot spring located in Nagahama City, Shiga Prefecture (formerly, Omi Province).
Japanese: 須賀谷温泉（すがたにおんせん）は、滋賀県長浜市（旧国近江国）にある温泉。
English: Car: From Nagahama Interchange of Hokuriku Expressway, turn to the left to Shiga Prefectural Road 37 Nakayama-Higashikozaka Line, drive straight, turn to the left at Higashikozaka Intersection of the National Road and drive on National Road 365 to the north.
Japanese: 車：北陸自動車道長浜インターチェンジから滋賀県道37号中山東上坂線を左折して国道東上坂交差点まで直進し、国道東上坂交差点で左折して国道365号を北上。
English: It is said that, in the Sengoku period (period of warring states) (Japan), Nagamasa AZAI, who was the castellan of Odani-jo Castle, Oichi no kata and Yodo-dono (also known as Yodogimi) visited for toji (hot spring cure) and that it has a long history as a hot spring in Kohoku region.
Japanese: 戦国時代(日本)には小谷城主浅井長政をはじめ、お市の方や淀殿が湯治に訪れたとされ、湖北地域の温泉としては歴史が古いとされる。
English: Geographic maps published by the Geographical Survey Institute do not show where the summit of Mt. Yoshino is, and each map of each publisher presents the summit at different locations at different altitudes.
Japanese: 吉野山の山頂とされる地点は、国土地理院発行の地勢図には示されておらず、各出版社が発行する地図によっては位置や標高がまちまちである。
English: Mt. Yoshino usually refers to the entire region from the area called 'Shimosenbon' near the Yoshinoyama Station of Yoshino-oomine-ke-buru bus corporation to the area called 'Kamisenbon' surrounding the Yoshino Mikumari-jinja Shrine, which is located south of Shimosenbon.
Japanese: 吉野山といえば吉野大峯ケーブル自動車吉野山駅付近の「下千本」と呼ばれる地域から南方向の吉野水分神社あたりの「上千本」呼ばれる地域一帯を指すのが一般的であるといえる。
English: Mt. Yoshino serves as a base for climbing Mt. Omine as an object of worship, and has often appeared at turning points in Japanese history.
Japanese: 大峰信仰登山の根拠地であり、日本史上の転回点にもたびたび登場している。
English: Sacred sites and pilgrimage routes spreading from Mt. Yoshino and Mt. Koya to Kumano Sanzan (three major shrines, Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine, Kumano Hayatama-taisha Shrine and Kumano Nachi-taisha Shrine) were also registered as a World Heritage site as "Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range" in July 2004 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Japanese: さらに吉野山・高野山から熊野三山にかけての霊場と参詣道が2004年7月、『紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道』として国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産に登録された。
English: Mt. Yoshino is a sacred mountain site connected to Kumano Sanzan through Mt. Omine and is a north entrance to Omine Okugake-michi Path for training.
Japanese: 吉野山は、大峰山を経て熊野三山へ続く山岳霊場で修行道大峯奥駈道の北の入口である。
English: There is Kinpusen-ji Temple, grand head temple of Kimpusen Shugen Main Sect, whose main object of worship is Zao Gongen which is believed to have been sculptured by EN no Gyoja (a semi-legendary holy man noted for his practice of mountain asceticism during the second half of the 7th century) (EN no Ozunu).
Japanese: 役行者（役小角：えんのおづぬ）が刻んだとされる蔵王権現を本尊とする金峯山修験本宗総本山金峯山寺（きんぷせんじ）がある。
English: Mountains where Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts) training is conducted are called Buchu, and a training course starting in Kumano, located in the south, and finishing in Yoshino is referred to as Junbu while a training course where one starts in Yoshino and climbs and descends mountains is referred to as Gyakubu.
Japanese: 修験道練行の山々を峰中（ぶちゅう）と呼び、南の熊野を発して吉野に至るのを順峰、吉野からの縦走を逆峰と呼んだ。
English: In Mt. Yoshino, there have been many cherry trees since ancient times, and some 30,000 wild cherry trees, the original species of cherry, grow close together in four areas of Shimo, Naka, Kami, and Oku, in order from bottom to top of the mountain, making the mountain a viewing site.
Japanese: 吉野山には古来サクラが多く、山すそから順に　下・中・上・奥の4箇所に約3万本の桜の原種であるヤマザクラが密集する名所である。
English: Each of the four areas is called 'Hitome Senbon' (a place one can look over 1,000 cherry trees at a glance) and given the name 'Shimosenbon,' 'Nakasenbon,' 'Kamisenbon,' and 'Okusenbon,' respectively.
Japanese: いずれも「一目千本」と呼ばれ、おのおの下千本（しもせんぼん）、中千本（なかせんぼん）、上千本（かみせんぼん）、奥千本（おくせんぼん）と称えられている。
English: When making an eastern expedition, Emperor Jinmu is said to have left Kumano and entered Yamato Province through Yoshino.
Japanese: 神武天皇は神武東征に際し、熊野から吉野を通って大和に入ったと言われている。
English: In 672, Prince Oama (later Emperor Tenmu) left then capital Otsu and lived away from the world in Mt. Yoshino to enter the priesthood, but after being informed of the death of his older brother Emperor Tenchi, he fled to Mino where he raised an army, and came into power by destroying the Emperor Kobun, a son of the Emperor Tenchi.
Japanese: 672年大海人皇子（のちの天武天皇）は、当時の大津の都を離れて出家して吉野山に隠棲したが、兄の天智天皇の死の知らせを受けて美濃へ脱出し兵を上げ、天智天皇の子の弘文天皇を倒して政権を握った。
English: "Look carefully over this Yoshino which great people observed as a great place and admired. Great men, look over Yoshino well" ("Manyoshu" [Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves]) is a famous poem.
Japanese: 「よきひとのよしとよくみて、よしといひし、よしのよくみよ、よきひとよくみつ」（『万葉集』）は有名。
English: Around 690, the Emperor Jito who was attached to Yoshino had a detached palace built in Miyataki and visited it more than 30 times.
Japanese: 690年前後、持統天皇は吉野を愛し宮滝に離宮を作り、30回以上も訪れた。
English: It is said that MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune, Musashibo Benkei, and others who had been pursued by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo's men left Shizukagozen in Mt. Yoshino and fled to Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region), and some historic sites are found in Mt. Yoshino.
Japanese: 源頼朝の追討を受けた源義経・武蔵坊弁慶らは吉野山で静御前と別れて東国へ脱出したと言われており、吉野山内にもいくつか旧跡がある。
English: In 1336, the Emperor Godaigo fled from Kyoto with sacred imperial treasures to Mt. Yoshino where he built another imperial court (Southern Court).
Japanese: 1336年後醍醐天皇は神器を持って京都を逃れ、吉野山に別の朝廷（南朝(日本)）を置いた。
English: This is the beginning of the period of the Northern and Southern Courts which lasted until 1392, and in the Yoshino Court, Emperor Gomurakami, Emperor Chokei, and Emperor Gokameyama from the Southern Court side took power in sequence.
Japanese: これ以後1392年までが南北朝時代で、吉野朝廷には後村上天皇・長慶天皇・後亀山天皇の南朝側天皇が続いた。
English: This period saw so many wars that it used to be said 'Mt. Yoshino in poems is certainly touching, but Mt. Yoshino in war books is more dolorous.'
Japanese: この時期の多数の戦乱を受けて、「歌書よりも軍書に悲し吉野山」と言われた。
English: It is thought it was in the late Heian period that Mt. Yoshino came to be known, as it is today, for the image of cherry blossoms.
Japanese: 吉野山が現在のような桜のイメージで知られるようになったのは、平安時代後期あたりからと考えられている。
English: Cherry blossoms first appeared in KI no Tomonori's poem, 'When I saw Mt. Yoshino covered with cherry blossoms, I thought it must have snowed' (Spring Poems Part 1), in Kokin Wakashu (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), but around that time, snow poems remained more common, such as 'At dawn, when the sky began to lighten a little, I saw sparkling white snow that carpeted the country of Yoshino and I thought the moon might be lingering' (Winter Poems) by SAKANOUE no Korenori, which is selected for One Hundred Poems by One Hundred Poets.
Japanese: 古今和歌集において、紀友則の「み吉野の山べにさける桜花雪かとのみぞあやまたれける」（春歌上）と詠まれているのが桜についての初見ではあるが、この頃はまだ、百人一首にも選出されている、坂上是則の「あさぼらけ有明の月とみるまでに吉野の里にふれる白雪」（冬歌）に代表される雪の歌が優勢であった。
English: Since cherry trees were treated as sacred trees which EN no Ozunu, a founder of Shugendo, offered to Zao Gongen as Shugendo developed in the Heian period, the cherry trees in Mt. Yoshino came to be well known (Some say that that is because the number of the trees increased extraordinary as a result of planting trees actively).
Japanese: 平安期に修験道が発達するにつれ、開祖である役小角の奉じた蔵王権現の神木として桜が尊重されたことから、吉野山の桜が徐々に名を上げた（積極的に植樹を行い、爆発的に数が増えたという説もある）。
English: After the time of Shinkokin Wakashu (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), positions of cherry blossoms and snow reversed completely.
Japanese: 新古今和歌集の時代になると、桜と雪はすっかり立場が逆転してしまっていた。
English: Saigyo Hoshi (Buddhist priest Saigyo), an author of the poem 'I hope to die under the cherry blossoms in spring, around the time of full moon in April,' is one of the most famous poets found in Shinkokin Wakashu and frequently visited Yoshino where he wrote many excellent poems.
Japanese: 新古今集の代表的歌人で「願はくば花の下にて春死なむその如月の望月の頃」と詠った西行法師も吉野をたびたび訪れ多くの秀歌を残した。
English: A ningyo joruri (traditional Japanese puppet theater) and kabuki story titled "Yoshitsune Senbonzakura" (Yoshitsune and One Thousand Cherry Trees) was played for the first time in the Edo period and became a big hit, and 'Michiyuki Hatsune no Tabi,' a dance number performed in the story, also gained a good reputation and was affectionately called Mt. Yoshino.
Japanese: 江戸時代に初演された人形浄瑠璃・歌舞伎の『義経千本桜』は大当りとなり、劇中の舞踊「道行初音旅（みちゆきはつねのたび）」も好評を得て、吉野山の愛称で呼ばれる。
English: The story is frequently played for other than commercial purpose, making it one of the major Japanese classical dance stories.
Japanese: 商業演劇以外の場でも踊られる機会も多く日本舞踊の代表的な演目となっている。
English: Some lodgings use hot spring water to attract many guests who come to see cherry blossoms and yamabushi (mountain priests) of Shugendo.
Japanese: 中には、温泉を有する宿もあり、花見のお客さんや修験道の山伏などが多く利用する
English: I miss him (Yoshitsune) who disappeared from my sight, making his way through white snow in Mt. Yoshino.
Japanese: 「吉野山の峰の白雪を踏み分けて姿を隠していったあの人（義経）のあとが恋しい」。
English: (Modern Japanese translation is excerpted from the translation version of "Gikeiki" (A Military Epic about the Life of Yoshitsune) by Taku TAKAGI published by Kawade Shobo) This poem was written based on MIBU no Tadamine's poem above.
Japanese: （現代語訳は河出書房『義経記』高木卓訳）上の壬生忠岑の歌を本歌とする。
English: In 'Tetsudo Shoka Series Five: Kansai, Sangu, and Nankai' written in 1900 (by Tateki OWADA), Mt. Yoshino appears in three verses.
Japanese: 1900年（明治33年）に作詞された「鉄道唱歌第五集　関西・参宮・南海篇」（大和田建樹作詞）では、3番に渡って吉野山が歌いこまれた。
English: Mt. Yoshino, as well as Mt. Koya and Wakayama City, are thought to reflect the author's commitment to history and scenic beauty.
Japanese: 高野山・和歌山市と共に、作者の歴史・景勝好みが影響しているものと見られている。
English: 46. Well beyond the Kino-kawa River we are crossing again, Mt. Yoshino of flowers stands in the clouds; we are going to visit there because it is spring.
Japanese: 46.ふたたび渡る紀の川の　水上とおく雲ならで　立てるは花の吉野山　見て来んものを春ならば
English: 47. In the place where the Southern Court sadly set up the Imperial Palace for a little while, do clouds still overshadow Yoshimizu-jinja Shrine every night under the darkened moon?
Japanese: 47.あわれ暫（しばし）は南朝の　仮の皇居となりにけり　吉水神社の月のかげ　曇るか今も夜な夜なは
English: 48. Characters engraved with a tip of an arrow, which still remain on a treasure house of Nyoirin-do Hall, pierce my heart more deeply than sad cry of owls in the evening.
Japanese: 48.夕べ悲しき梟（ふくろう）の　声より猶（なお）も身にしむは　如意輪堂の宝蔵に　のこる鏃（やじり）の文字の跡
English: Some of ryokan, minshuku (private home that runs inn providing room and board), and shukubo (visitors' or pilgrims' lodgings in a temple) in Mt. Yoshino use the hot spring water today.
Japanese: 吉野山には旅館、民宿、宿坊などがあるが、そのうちの一部で温泉が利用されている。
English: In the Nara period when Nara was Heijo-kyo Capital, the city, as the end of the Silk Road, witnessed the flourishing of international Tenpyo culture, and, with magnificent temple buildings standing side by side, the city brought many important cultural assets into the world.
Japanese: 平城京が置かれていた奈良時代には、シルクロードの終着点として国際色豊かな天平文化が花開き、大伽藍が建ち並ぶ都として数々の貴重な文化財が創り出された。
English: In terms of literature, Japan's earliest history books and poem anthologies, such as "Kojiki" (The Records of Ancient Matters), "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan), "Manyoshu" (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves) and fudoki (description of regional climate, culture, etc.), were compiled.
Japanese: 文学の面では古事記、日本書紀、万葉集、風土記など国内最古の史書や歌集が編纂された。
English: Even after the relocation of the capital to the Heian-kyo Capital, Nara, known by the name Nanto, had significant impact on Japanese religious and cultural histories.
Japanese: 平安京への遷都以後も南都と称されて、日本の宗教・文化の歴史において大きな影響を与えた。
English: Today, the city is vibrant throughout the year with old and new events, and attracts many tourists from Japan and abroad as an international tourist and cultural city.
Japanese: 現在は年間を通して新旧の行事で賑い、国際観光文化都市として国内外から多数の観光客が訪れている。
English: 1180: TAIRA no Shigehira provoked the attack on Nanto, and had Todai-ji and Kofuku-ji Temples burnt (Nanto Yakiuchi).
Japanese: 1180年（治承4）　平重衡南都を攻め、東大寺・興福寺を焼く（南都焼討）。
English: 1567: The head of the statue of Birushana Buddha in Todai-ji Temple was burnt down during the Battle of Great Buddha Hall of Todai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 1567年（永禄10）東大寺大仏殿の戦いにより東大寺盧舎那仏像の仏頭が焼け落ちる。
English: 1868: As the Nara bugyo was abolished, Kofuku-ji Temple took charge of town administration, and Yamato Chinbu Sotoku-fu (Yamato pacification government-general office) and then Nara-fu were established.
Japanese: 1868年（明治元）　奈良奉行を廃止し、興福寺が町政にあたり、大和鎭撫総督府、奈良府が置かれる。
English: 1914: Osaka Electric Tramway (present-day Kintetsu Nara Line) began operating between Uehonmachi Station in Osaka and Nara Station.
Japanese: 1914年（大正3）　大阪電気軌道（現近鉄奈良線）大阪上本町～奈良間開通。
English: According to the widely accepted theory, the word 'Nara' is derived from 'nara (su)' meaning 'flat or even (land).'
Japanese: 「奈良」の語源としては「平らな、平坦な（土地）」を意味する「なら（す）」であるという説が有力である。
English: The word, however, comes directly from 'quickly led elite soldiers up to Mt. Nara where the soldiers fought a war. Then, the Imperial army soldiers got together to stamp (narasu, 蹢跙す) the plants. Therefore, the mountain was given the name Mt. Nara. Here, '蹢跙' means to stamp.' (88 B.C., "Nihonshoki")
Japanese: 直接には、｢則ち精兵を率ゐて、進みて那羅山に登りて軍いくさす。時に官軍屯聚して、草木を蹢跙す。因りて其の山を號して、那羅山と曰ふ。蹢跙、此を布瀰那羅須ふみならすと云ふ｣〈『日本書紀』崇神天皇10年〉に拠る。
English: Some theories suggest that 'Nara' comes from the Korean word '나라 (pronounced as nara)' meaning 'country.'
Japanese: 朝鮮語で「国」という意味の「나라（発音ナラ）」を語源とする説もある。
English: These theories, however, lack historical grounds, and literature, etc. showing that '나라 (pronounced as nara)' was used in Korea during the time of the Manyoshu when the name 'Nara' appeared are yet to be found.
Japanese: しかし、歴史的根拠に乏しく、「ナラ」の呼称が出る万葉集時代に朝鮮で「나라（発音ナラ）」と言う言葉が用いられていたことを示す文献等は現在存在しない。
English: Hira-shofuku onsen is a hot spring located at 948-10, Kitahira, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture.
Japanese: 比良招福温泉（ひらしょうふくおんせん）は滋賀県大津市北比良948-10にある温泉。
English: Hira-shofuku onsen was drilled at the location 500 meters from the outlet of Hira-gawa River on the north riverside.
Japanese: 比良招福温泉は比良川北岸河口より500ｍの位置で掘削された温泉です。
English: Geologically, sand from granite from the mountain was deposited for 300 meters from the ground surface and, below that to 1,040 meters; it consists of argilliferous soil and, after 1,040 meters, base rock layer..
Japanese: 地質的には地表より300ｍは花崗岩の砂が山より堆積しており、それ以降1040ｍまでは粘土質で、1040ｍ以降は岩盤層に変化しています。
English: Hira-shofuku onsen has been drilled up to 1,060 meters and hot spring water is taken from the border of base rock layers.
Japanese: 比良招福温泉は1060ｍまで掘り進んでおり、岩盤境の温泉水を採取しています。
English: As the result of this boring (from records of boring and samples) coincides with the depth of base rock at the bottom of lake inferred from the result of scientific investigation of strata architecture at the bottom of lake with shock wave ("Hikaku Hendo Chikeiron" written by Yoshihiro UEMURA, Kokon Shoin publisher, and URBAN KUBOTA NO. 37/11), it is inferred that the Hira-ko lakeshore fault exists on the mountain side from this drilling point.
Japanese: このボーリング結果（ボーリング記録とサンプルより）と、湖底の地層構造を衝撃波により調査したこれまでの学術調査結果（植村善博：「比較変動地形論　古今書院、及び、　URBAN　KUBOTA　NO.37/11）から推定される湖底の岩盤深さとが一致するので比良湖岸断層は、この掘削地点より山側にあると推定されます。
English: It is inferred that as there is a fault in the vicinity of this hot spring and borehole has reached the base rock, the hot spring became unique one.
Japanese: この温泉近くに断層があり、掘削が岩盤にまで到達していると推定されためか特長のある温泉となっていると推測されます。
English: Sodium ion (205.3 mg/kg), calcium ion (26.3 mg/kg), potassium ion (8.0 mg/kg), ferrous ion (7.7 mg/kg), magnesium ion (6.8 mg/kg), and ferric ion (2.1 mg/kg)
Japanese: ナトリウムイオン（205.3mg/kg）、カルシウムイオン（26.3mg/kg）カリウムイオン（8.0mg/kg）、第一鉄イオン（7.7mg/kg）、マグネシウムイオン（6.8mg/kg）、第二鉄イオン（2.1mg/kg）
English: Hydrogen carbonate ion (819 mg/kg), chlorine ion (14.5 mg/kg), and fluorine ion (1.2 mg/kg)
Japanese: 炭酸水素イオン（819mg/kg）、塩素イオン（14.5mg/kg）、フッ素イオン（1.2mg/kg）
English: Nerve pain, muscle ache, joint ache, frozen shoulder, motor paralysis, stiff joints, contusion, twisted joint, chronic digestive diseases, hemorrhoid, excessive sensitivity to cold, recovery from illness, soothing effect, health enhancement, cut, burn injury and chronic skin diseases
Japanese: 神経痛、筋肉痛、関節痛、五十肩、運動麻痺、関節のこわばり、うちみ、くじき、慢性消化器病、痔疾、冷え性、病後回復期、疲労回復、健康増進、きりきず、やけど、慢性皮膚病
English: Acute diseases (in particular, when feverish), active tuberculosis, malignant tumor, serious cardiac diseases, respiration failure, dysfunction of kidneys, bleeding disease, serious anemia, progressing diseases in general, and pregnancy (in particular, first pregnancy trimester and last pregnancy trimester)
Japanese: 急性疾患（特に熱のある場合）、活動性の結核、悪性腫瘍、重い心臓病、呼吸不全、腎不全、出血性疾患、高度の貧血、その他一般に病勢進行中の疾患、妊娠中（特に初期と末期）
English: Kidney diseases, high-blood pressure, and diseases accompanied by edema in general; if overactive thyroid is observed, hot spring containing iodine is contriindication.
Japanese: 腎臓病、高血圧症、その他一般にむくみのあるもの、甲状腺機能亢進症のあるときはヨウ素を含有する温泉を禁忌とする
English: Hira-shofuku onsen is a comparatively new hot spring for which drilling was begun in February 2007 and succeeded in November of the same year.
Japanese: 比良招福温泉は2007年2月に掘削が開始され、同年11月に掘削が成功した比較的新しい温泉である。
English: Overnight and one-day bath service was begun in November 2008 by Holiday Afternoon which conducted drilling.
Japanese: 掘削を行ったホリデーアフタヌーンにより宿泊および日帰りの入浴が開始されたのが2008年11月である。
English: Hira-shofuku onsen exists as indoor hot spring of the general base for hot spring and leisure activities (lodgment, bakery and tea parlor, tennis, futsal, dog run, darts and so on can be enjoyed) of Omi-Maiko.
Japanese: 比良招福温泉は近江舞子の温泉&レジャー総合基地（宿泊、ベーカリー&喫茶、テニス、フットサル、ドッグラン、ダーツなどが楽しめる）の内湯として存在する。
English: Although there is no onsengai at present, Omi-Maiko is famous as one of the foremost scenic area in Shiga Prefecture.
Japanese: 現在は温泉街はないが、近江舞子は滋賀県でも有数な景勝地として有名である。
English: It has a climate in which it is crowded with tourists for lake bathing in summer, and climbers to Hira mountain range and bass fishers in Lake Biwa or its naiko (endorheic lakes) in spring and visitors for skiing in winter because Biwako valley skiing area is nearby, and in the vicinity of Hira-shofuku onsen, there are villas and recreation facilities.
Japanese: 夏には湖水浴の観光客で賑わい、春・秋は比良山への登山客や琵琶湖や内湖でのバス釣り、冬は琵琶湖バレイスキー場も近いためスキー客も訪れるなどの風土があり比良招福温泉の周辺は別荘や保養所などがある。
English: Hira-shofuku onsen is located between Omi-Maiko in Kosei district of Lake Biwa and Hira Station in a place which takes five minutes on foot from Lake Biwa and from which Hira mountain range can be seen.
Japanese: 比良招福温泉は琵琶湖の湖西地区の近江舞子と比良駅の中間、琵琶湖から徒歩5分の場所に位置し比良山系を望める位置にある。
English: From Kyoto Higashi Interchange, or from Ritto Interchange via Biwako-ohashi Bridge, to Kosei-doro, then turning right at Hira Exit (terminal) of the Kosei-doro Road, turning left to Route 161, turning right after 20 meters and driving straight for one kilometer
Japanese: 京都東ICより湖西道路/栗東ICより琵琶湖大橋経由で湖西道路～湖西道路比良出口(終点)～湖西道路比良出口右折、161号を左折、20mで右折、1km直進
English: From JR Kyoto Station, change to JR Kosei Line (For Omi Maiko, Omi Imazu and Nagahara).
Japanese: JR京都駅よりJR湖西線（近江舞子、近江今津、永原行き）に乗り換え。
English: The falls is located upstream of the Furu-kawa River and is believed to be the one that Emperor Gosaga and Sojo Henjo referred to as 'the falls of Furu' in their poems found in 'Kokin Wakashu' (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry).
Japanese: 布留川の上流に位置しており、古今和歌集において後嵯峨天皇や僧正遍照が「布留の滝」と詠んだ滝と言われている。
English: It was within the precincts of the Momoosan Rengeoin Ryufuku-ji Temple, an esoteric Buddhism temple, before the temple was abolished in the Meiji period.
Japanese: 明治時代に廃絶されるまでは桃尾山蓮華王院龍福寺という密教寺院の境内地だった。
English: This temple is said to have been the main shrine of Isonokami-jingu Shrine and hosts a Shinto ritual to mark the start of waterfall season on third Sunday of July every year.
Japanese: また、石上神宮の元宮であったとも伝わり、毎年7月の第3日曜日には滝開きの神事が執り行われる。
English: There are placed Magaibutsu (a Buddhist image carved into the surface of natural rock such as a cliff face, a large rock, or a stone cave) of Fudo triad which was made in the mid Kamakura period, stone images of Nyoirin Kannon (the Bodhisattva of Compassion) and Fudo triad which are believed to date from the early period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), and so on to the left of the waterfall basin; they retain the atmosphere of the time.
Japanese: 滝壼の左側には鎌倉時代中期の作である不動三尊磨崖仏や、南北朝時代(日本)前期の作とされる如意輪観音と不動三尊の石仏などがあり、当時の面影が残る。
English: West Japan Railway Sakurai Line/Kintetsu Railway Tenri Line: Get off at Tenri Station, take a Nara Kotsu Bus, and after alighting from the bus at Kamitakimoto Bus Stop, walk five minutes.
Japanese: 西日本旅客鉄道桜井線・近畿日本鉄道天理線-天理駅から奈良交通バスで上滝本バス停下車後、徒歩5分。
English: Shinsen-gumi was a military organization which, during the last days of the shogunate at the end of the Edo period, suppressed anti-shogunate forces and engaged in police activities, primarily in Kyoto, and fought for the Edo shogunate in the Boshin War.
Japanese: 新選組（しんせんぐみ）は、江戸時代後期の幕末期に、主として京都において、反幕府勢力弾圧・警察活動に従事したのち、旧江戸幕府の一員として戊辰戦争を戦った軍事組織である。
English: It was placed under the control of Katamori MATSUDAIRA, the feudal lord of the Aizu Clan, who held the position of Kyoto Shugoshoku, which was established during the last days of the shogunate.
Japanese: 幕末に設置された京都守護職である会津藩主、松平容保の配下に置かれた。
English: In the Aizu Clan, the formal security force was the Kyoto Mimawarigumi (Commander = Tadazaburo SASAKI), and Shinsen-gumi (Commander = Isami KONDO), composed of men with the social position of farmers/merchants, was the non-formal security force of the Aizu Clan for the Kyoto area (in later years, KONDO and others became vassals of the shogunate, and thus Shinsen-gumi became a formal security force).
Japanese: 会津藩には武士身分で構成される正規治安部隊、京都見廻組（組長＝佐々木只三郎）があり、農民・商人身分で構成される新撰組（組長＝近藤勇）は、会津藩の京都における非正規治安部隊（後年は近藤らは幕臣になり正式な治安部隊になる）である。
English: Shinsen-gumi may be described as "a group of pro-shogunate killers" (actually their purpose was to capture, but there were too many lawless roshis who tried to escape, or who tried to attack them with their swords), and they were engaged through the Ikedaya Incident, etc., in controlling Sonno-joi extremists and lawless roshi's hiding in Kyoto.
Japanese: 新撰組はいわば“佐幕派の人斬り集団”（本当は捕縛することが目的なのだが、逃げようとしたり、斬りかかって来る不逞浪士があまりにも多かったため）であり、池田屋事件などで京都に潜伏する過激派尊皇攘夷論者や不逞浪士の取り締まりにあたった。
English: At the same time, KONDO and others were in a terrible struggle for power within Shinsen-gumi, and mercilessly killed their opponents.
Japanese: その一方で、近藤らは新撰組内部で凄惨な権力闘争を行い、敵対勢力を容赦なく殺害した。
English: Significant number of men were purged on such grounds as violating internal rules, etc., and according to one view, more men lost their lives through such purges than through fighting with Imperial loyalists.
Japanese: 内規に反した等として粛清された者は相当数にのぼり、一説には勤皇志士との斬りあいで死亡した者より、粛清で落命した者の方が多いともいう。
English: The ambition of Shinsen-gumi was to become samurai, and with this goal in mind they were just as active as samurai, and modern day young people in particular regard them as a symbol of Japan during the last days of the shogunate, and Shinsen-gumi continues to be popular.
Japanese: 新撰組は、武士になることを宿願としており、目的達成のために武士に匹敵する活躍をしたため、特に現代の若者たちから幕末日本を象徴する存在とみなされ、根強い人気を誇る。