nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: ITO resigned the prime minister in August 31, and Kiyotaka KURODA, the Chairman of the Privy Council (Japan) also served temporarily as the prime minister until organization of the Cabinet by Masayoshi MATSUKATA on September 18 of the same year.
Japanese: 伊藤は8月31日に首相を辞任し、同年9月18日に松方正義が組閣するまで、黒田清隆・枢密院(日本)議長が内閣総理大臣を臨時兼務した。
English: The situation that the previous prime minister Masayoshi MATSUKATA gave up the Cabinet because he lost the support of the members of his own Cabinet also made ITO who received the imperial command on August 2, feel concern about future government management.
Japanese: 前首相の松方正義が自らの閣僚にも見放されて内閣を放り出すという事態は、8月2日に大命を受けた伊藤にも今後の政権運営に不安を抱かせた。
English: Thus, ITO announced to organize the Cabinet on condition that major genkuns (the statesmen who contributed in Meiji Restoration) should join the Cabinet, and completed organization of the Cabinet with two ex-prime ministers, Kiyotaka KURODA and Aritomo YAMAGATA joining the Cabinet.
Japanese: そこで伊藤は主だった元勲の入閣を条件に組閣を行うことを表明、黒田清隆・山縣有朋の両首相経験者の入閣を得て組閣を終えた。
English: On November 27 of the same year, there was an traffic accident that the jinrikisha (a taxi-like vehicle pulled by a man) carrying ITO crashed a horse-drawn buggy and wrecked, and ITO fell off and badly injured, so the Minister of Home Affairs, Kaoru INOUE (Japan) served as the acting temporary prime minister until February 7 of the next year.
Japanese: なお、同年11月27日に伊藤が乗っていた人力車が馬車と衝突して大破し、転落した伊藤が重傷を負ったために井上馨内務大臣(日本)が臨時首相代理を翌年2月7日まで務めるという交通事故が起きている。
English: In the battle over "government cost-cutting" and "budget for navy" with minto, he reached a compromise based on the imperial rescript of "Wachukyodo (work together in the same spirit)" from Emperor Meiji, 3 million yen of daily living expenses, and 10% cut of salary for government officials to pass the budget, and subsequently opposed to movement of Taigaikoha (hard-line group against foreign countries) which were rising among a minto party (the Constitutional Progressive Party) and right-wing groups (including National Association and Great Japan Association) toward the end of negotiation for treaty revision by dissolution of the House of Representatives twice, and successfully removed exterritoriality by conclusion of the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation.
Japanese: 民党との「政費節減」・「海軍予算」を巡る攻防では、明治天皇よりの「和衷協同」詔勅と内廷費300万円と官吏の俸禄1割削減を条件に妥協を成立させて予算案を通過させ、続いて条約改正交渉末期に差し掛かって民党(立憲改進党)や右翼(国民協会、大日本協会など)の間で高まる対外硬派の動きに対しては2度の衆議院解散をもって対抗して、日英通商航海条約締結による治外法権の撤廃に成功する。
English: Immediately after that, when Sino-Japanese War broke out starting with military intervention to Donghak-to disturbance occurred in the Korean Peninsula, ITO transferred the Imperial headquarters and Imperial Diet to Hiroshima City to establish the wartime regime and led Japan to victory and concluded Treaty of Shimonoseki with Qing.
Japanese: その直後に朝鮮半島で起きた起きた東学党の乱への軍事介入を機に日清戦争が始まると、広島市に大本営と帝国議会を移して戦時体制を確立し、日本を勝利に導いて清国と下関条約を締結した。
English: However, the Triple Intervention, followed by Itsubi Incident and Rokan Hansen (Korea royal refuge at the Russian legation), rather weakened Japan's influence on the Korean Peninsula, and cooperative relationship between the government and minto during the war was gradually disrupted.
Japanese: だが三国干渉、続く乙未事変と露館播遷によって日本の朝鮮半島への影響力はむしろ低下し、戦時中の政府と民党の協調関係は次第に崩れていった。
English: In addition, ITO gave up the doctrine of superiority and took Taisuke ITAGAKI, the president of the Liberal Party (Meiji period) into the Cabinet as the Minister of Home Affairs (Japan), to include this party to the ruling party.
Japanese: また、伊藤は超然主義を放棄して自由党(明治)総裁板垣退助を内務大臣(日本)として入閣させて、同党の与党化を図る。
English: Subsequently, ITO schemed to take the previous prime minister Masayoshi MATSUKATA and the leader of the Progressive Party (Japan), Shigenobu OKUMA into the Cabinet, but ITAGAKII who had a strong rivalry against OKUMA and YAMAGATA who persisted in the doctrine of superiority rebelled against this, and as a result, ITO considered that it was difficult to keep administration anymore and submitted the letter of resignation.
Japanese: 続いて前総理・松方正義と進歩党(日本)党首の大隈重信の入閣を計画するが、これに大隈にライバル意識を抱く板垣と超然主義を固守する山縣が反発、これを見た伊藤はこれ以上の政権維持は困難であるとみて辞表を提出したのである。
English: Ako Roshi refers to a group of 47 warriors under the former feudal retainer of Ako, Kuranosuke OISHI, who on January 30, 1703 broke into the residence of Yoshinaka KIRA, from a Koke (honorable family) who were enemies of the former lord Naganori ASANO, to murder him and get revenge.
Japanese: 赤穂浪士（あこうろうし）とは元禄15年12月14日(旧暦)（1703年1月30日：2007年の暦と一致）に旧主浅野長矩の仇である高家吉良義央の屋敷に討ち入り、仇討ちをした元赤穂藩士大石内蔵助以下47人の武士である。
English: In Ako City, home of the Gishi Festival, the group is known as Ako Gishi, and pre-war, the name Ako Gishi used to be known nationwide in relation to loyalty and filial piety, but post-war, since Jiro OSARAGI's novel was adapted for TV, the name of Ako Roshi has been more widely known.
Japanese: 義士祭が行われる赤穂市では義士（あこうぎし）と呼ばれ、忠孝の教えの観点から戦前は全国的にも赤穂義士の名称が一般的だったが、戦後、大佛次郎の小説がテレビドラマ化されてからは、赤穂浪士の方が周知されている。
English: Effectively, the issue is whether the foot soldier Kichiemon TERASAKA who suddenly disappeared after a raid on the way to visit Naganori's grave in Sengaku-ji Temple, was a deserter or left his fellow soldiers with their permission for some reason.
Japanese: この問題はすなわち討ち入り後、泉岳寺にある長矩の墓に行くまでに突然姿を消した足軽寺坂吉右衛門が、逃亡者であるのか、それとも何らかの理由で同志達の許可を得たうえで離れた者であるのかの問題である。
English: If one considers him a fugitive, the group becomes Shijurokushi, but if we assume he left to carry out a secret order by Kuranosuke OISHI, they are called Shijushichishi.
Japanese: 逃亡者とみなす立場からは四十六士となり、大石内蔵助から何か密命を受けて離れたとする立場からは四十七士と呼ぶ。
English: Furthermore, people tend to assume that all the roshi were from Ako County in Harima Province, but actually less than half of them including Kuranosuke OISHI were from Ako.
Japanese: なお、浪士は全員播磨国赤穂郡出身のように思われがちだが、赤穂出身者は大石内蔵助を含めて半数程度である。
English: This was because the core vassals of the Asano clan came together during the time of Makabe Domain, Hitachi Province - the first domain formed with a Daimyo - before its transfer to Ako (its territory spread over Makabe County, Tsukuba County and Nihari County, Ibaraki Prefecture) and the time of Kasama Domain after its territory change and increase in property (its territory stretched to Kasama City, Ibaraki Prefecture and former land of Makabe Domain).
Japanese: 浅野氏の家臣団の中心は赤穂に転封される前の大名として初立藩した常陸国真壁藩（茨城県真壁郡・筑波郡・新治郡一帯を所領とする）と加増移封後の笠間藩（茨城県笠間市と旧真壁藩領を所領とする）時代に形成されているためである。
English: Many more senior Roshi such as Chuzaemon YOSHIDA, Junai ONODERA, and Yahe HORIBE were born there.
Japanese: 吉田忠左衛門・小野寺十内・堀部弥兵衛など高齢者の浪士はここの生まれが多い。
English: As a result, families with roshi lineage remain in the region even today, and many artifacts left by deceased roshi have been handed down through the generations.
Japanese: そのため同地には現在も浪士の出身家系の旧家が残り、浪士の遺品も多く伝わっている。
English: At Sengaku-ji Temple where the Ako Roshi are buried, the Gishi Festival takes place every year on the day of the raid even today (although the precise timing was around midnight of December 14th of Japan's old lunar calendar, the Gishi Festival still takes place on December 14th of the New (solar) calendar).
Japanese: 赤穂浪士が葬られた泉岳寺では現在も毎年討ち入りの日に義士祭を催している（討ち入りの日は旧暦12月14日深夜であるが、義士祭は新暦12月14日に行われる）。
English: Although his family was expelled from Shibata Domain in his father's time and he was simply a wandering ronin (masterless samurai), his performance in the duel at Takadanobaba was so impressive that he was adopted as a son-in-law by Yahei HORIBE and became a vassal of the Ako Asano family.
Japanese: 父の代に新発田藩を放逐となり浪人していたが、高田馬場の決闘での活躍により、堀部弥兵衛の婿養子となり、赤穂浅野家の家臣となる。
English: In the tale of Chushingura, he is depicted as a handsome man who acquired the blueprint of Kira's residence through a carpenter's daughter.
Japanese: 美男で忠臣蔵の物語では大工の娘を通じて吉良屋敷の図面を手に入れている。
English: He approached a tea ceremony master who frequented the Kira residence and obtained information that a tea party would take place there on December 14.
Japanese: 吉良家出入りの茶人に接近して12月14日の吉良屋敷で茶会があることを聞きつけた。
English: He excelled at Haikai (humorous renga poetry) and mixed with Kikaku TAKARAI, a haiku poet, on the basis of which the side story of 'Matsura no Taiko' (The drum in Matsura) was produced.
Japanese: 俳諧をよくして俳人宝井其角と交流があり、これをもととして「松浦の太鼓」の外伝が作られた。
English: He crossed swords with Sahyoe Yoshimasa KIRA, adopted son of Kira Kozuke no Suke, and having inflicted injury, found him hiding in a charcoal burner's lodge and killed him.
Japanese: 吉良上野介の養子吉良左兵衛義周と切り結び負傷させ、炭小屋に隠れていた吉良上野介を討ち取った。
English: I have been following my dream for thirty years, so dedicating myself to honor is exactly what I have been dreaming of, but as my parents are ill and bedridden, it would be vain to neglect my debt of gratitude and grasp at my dream.'
Japanese: 「三十年来一夢中　捨レ身取レ義夢尚同　双親臥レ病故郷在　取レ義捨レ恩夢共空」（「レ」は漢詩文訓読の返り点）
English: Although he was respected as competent financial bureaucrat, after the sword fight incident he insisted on surrender and allegiance of the castle, conflicting with Kuranosuke OISHI, which lead to him being driven to flee.
Japanese: 有能な経済官僚として重用されたが、刃傷事件後に開城恭順を主張して大石内蔵助と対立し、逐電している。
English: Despite joining the group and supporting Kuranosuke OISHI, he withdrew following the Maruyama Meeting which determined the execution of revenge.
Japanese: 義盟に加わり大石内蔵助を補佐したが、仇討ちを決定した円山会議の直後に脱盟した
English: Although he was supposed to submit Oishi's petition for the opening of the castle to the Bakufu metsuke (inspector) he neglected his responsibilities.
Japanese: 開城にあたって大石の嘆願書を幕府目付に提出しようとするが、任を誤る。
English: Despite joining the group and contributing to operations such as the search for the Kira-tei Residence, he dropped out just before the raid.
Japanese: 義盟に加わり、吉良邸の探索などに活躍したが、討ち入りの直前になって脱落。
English: Since the details of his withdrawal are unclear, many writers use their imagination to create a story for books or film.
Japanese: 脱盟の経緯が不明の為、小説や映画ではそれぞれの作者が創作に腕を振るう。
English: In the final scene of one such story, he crawls through the snow to the Kira-tei Residence, suffering from lung disease, and dies outside the walls, coughing up blood and hearing his fellows' roars of triumph from within.
Japanese: 肺病を患い、雪の中を這いつくばりながら吉良邸に向かい、塀の外から勝ちどきの声を聞きながら血を吐き、息果てる物語等がある。
English: But after the raid when the roshi became heros, he suddenly changed his attitude and took Daizaburo OISHI, orphan of Kuranosuke OISHI, into his care.
Japanese: が、討ち入り後、浪士たちが英雄化されると態度を一転させて大石内蔵助の遺児大石大三郎を召抱えた。
English: He criticized his younger brother Mokunosuke OKABAYASHI, a former feudal retainer of Ako Domain, for not taking part in the raid, driving him to suicide.
Japanese: 討ち入りに加わらなかった元赤穂藩士の弟岡林杢之助を責めて切腹させた。
English: When the Kira family relocated their residence to Honsho, she took her chance to leave them and return to her home in Uesugi.
Japanese: 吉良家が本所に屋敷替えになったのを機に吉良と別居して上杉の実家に帰っていく。
English: A scene where he vigorously fights on a stone bridge in the courtyard of the Kira residence before falling down to the icy pond is well depicted.
Japanese: 吉良家庭の凍った池の石橋の上で奮戦し池に倒れ落ちるシーンがよく描かれる。
English: After the sword fight incident, he took charge of the Kira investigation as well as serving as assistant coroner to Asano Takumi no Kami, who later committed suicide by disembowelment.
Japanese: 刃傷事件後、吉良の取調べにあたり、また浅野内匠頭の切腹の副検死役をつとめた。
English: After Ako Domain came under shogunal control, he went to govern there and received three petitions from Kuranosuke OISHI.
Japanese: 赤穂藩が天領となったのち、その統治のため赤穂へ赴き、大石内蔵助から三回の嘆願を受ける。
English: Although the imperial command was given to MATSUKATA on September 10, organization of the Cabinet did not progress smoothly due to failure in measures against Imperial Diet in the previous First MATSUKATA Cabinet.
Japanese: 9月10日、松方に大命が降下したものの、以前の第1次松方内閣のときの帝国議会対策での失敗もあり組閣も順調とはいかなかった。
English: Yanosuke IWASAKI of Mitsubishi Zaibatsu proposed MATSUKATA to cooperate with the Progressive Party (Japan) represented by Shigenobu OKUMA.
Japanese: 三菱財閥の岩崎弥之助は松方に大隈重信の進歩党_(日本)との連携を提案した。
English: However, there was opposing argument from the previous prime minister, Aritomo YAMAGATA holding on to the doctrine of superiority as well as Satsuma Domain clique led by MATSUKATA himself.
Japanese: だが、超然主義者の前首相山縣有朋を始め、松方自身が率いる薩摩藩藩閥からも反対論が出た。
English: MATSUKATA did not accept the Progressive Party members joining the Cabinet, except for OKUMA as the Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan), but agreed to select the General secretary of the Cabinet, the director of Cabinet Legislation Bureau, as well as some counsellors who were appointed by the Emperor at the time from the Progressive Party side.
Japanese: 松方は進歩党からは大隈の外務大臣(日本)以外の入閣は認めなかったものの、内閣書記官長・内閣法制局長官、更に当時勅任官であった参事官の一部を進歩党系から出すことで合意に達した。
English: As a result, employment of counsellors from the political parties was realized such as Yukio OZAKI who was assigned as Counsellor for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (on the contrary, this became the underlying cause for revision of the Civil Service Appointment Ordinance by the Second Yamagata Cabinet).
Japanese: この結果、尾崎行雄が外務省参事官に任命されるなど政党からの参事官起用が実現した（逆に、これが第2次山縣内閣による文官任用令改正の遠因となる）。
English: Thus, this cabinet was also called "Showai Cabinet" from the names of MATSUKATA and OKUMA [The Chinese characters for "Matsu" and "Kuma" can also read "Sho" and "Wai", respectively].
Japanese: このため、この内閣を松方と大隈の名より「松隈内閣（しょうわいないかく）」とも呼称する。
English: By MATSUKATA, OKUMA, and IWASAKI who was promoted as the Governor of the Bank of Japan due to achievement in the Cabinet organization, establishment of gold standard system which was a long-cherished wish of OKUMA Finance" and "MATSUKATA Finance" but have not been achieved yet was finally realized with the Coinage Act issued on March 26 (enforced on October 1 of the same year).
Japanese: 松方・大隈、そして組閣の功労で日本銀行総裁に抜擢された岩崎の手によって、「大隈財政」・「松方財政」の悲願でありながら実現できなかった金本位制の確立が3月26日公布の貨幣法によって実現する（同年10月1日施行）。
English: In addition, revision of the Press Regulations which had been claimed by the Progressive Party was implemented and the press/speech control was partially reduced.
Japanese: また、進歩党の要求していた新聞紙条例の改正が行われて言論統制の一部が緩和された。
English: However, once two major tasks the Progressive Party represented by MATSUKATA aimed for were solved, conflicts were intensified between the cabinet members from Satsuma Domain clique who had been dissatisfied with cooperation with OKUMA from the beginning and the Progressive Party side, and moreover to solve economic difficulties, MATSUKATA proposed "the plan to increase land taxes" which had been a sort of taboo since the peasant revolt against the land-tax reform, which gathered momentum within the Progressive Party of overthrowing the Cabinet.
Japanese: だが、松方・進歩党が希望するこの二大課題が解決すると、元々大隈との提携に不満があった薩摩閥系閣僚と進歩党側の対立が激化、更に松方が財政難の解決のために地租改正反対一揆以来一種のタブーとなっていた「地租増徴」を提案したことから進歩党内に倒閣の機運が生じた。
English: Consequently, on October 31, the Progressive Party virtually became an opposition party, and immediately after that, OKUMA and counsellors from the Progressive Party side resigned.
Japanese: その結果、10月31日に進歩党は事実上の野党となり、直後に大隈と進歩党系参事官は辞任した。
English: On December 25 of the same year, when non-confidence motion against the Cabinet was submitted to the House of Representatives and assured to pass, MATSUKATA immediately carried out dissolution of the House of Representatives.
Japanese: 同年12月25日、衆議院で内閣不信任案が上程されて可決が確実視されると、松方は直ちに衆議院解散を断行する。
English: However, MATSUKATA could not find any strategy at all for government management after election and submitted a letter of resignation on the same day.
Japanese: だが、選挙後の政権運営の方策が全く見出せなかった松方はその日のうちに辞表を提出した。
English: This is the only case in which dissolution of the House of Representatives directly led to cabinet resignation en masse under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and the Constitution of Japan; The Constitution of Japan.
Japanese: 衆議院を解散してそのまま内閣総辞職を行った例は大日本帝国憲法・日本国憲法を通じてこの時だけであった。
English: Period being in office; September 18, 1896 - January 12, 1898
Japanese: 在任1896年（明治29年）9月18日-1898年（明治31年）1月12日
English: ITO organized the Cabinet in place of Masayoshi MATSUKATA, the previous prime minister, who dissolved the House of Representatives aiming for increase in land taxes, but lost confidence in management of such political situation.
Japanese: 地租増徴を目指して衆議院を解散したものの、政局運営に自信を失った前総理松方正義に代わって伊藤が組閣した。
English: However, without cooperation by the Progressive Party (Japan) and the Liberal Party (Japan) (Japan 1890-1898) opposing to the plan to increase land taxes, he had to organize the Chonen (doctrine of superiority) cabinet consisting of the Minister of Education, Minister of Agriculture and Commerce and Minister of Communication from his own group ("government officials from ITO group"), and the Minister of Home Affairs (Japan), Minister of Justice and Minister of Army from Aritomo YAMAGATA group.
Japanese: だが地租増徴に反対する進歩党(日本)と自由党(日本)(日本1890-1898)からの協力は得られなかったために、文部大臣・農商務大臣・逓信大臣を自派（「伊藤系官僚」）が、内務大臣(日本)・司法大臣・陸軍大臣を山縣有朋系が占める超然内閣を作らざるを得なかった。
English: In the 5th general election of members of the House of Representatives, both the Liberal Party and the Progressive Party overwhelmed and against this, ITO dissolved the House of Representatives again only 3 months after the election.
Japanese: 第5回衆議院議員総選挙では自由・進歩両党が圧勝、これに対して伊藤は選挙から僅か3ヶ月で再度衆議院を解散した。
English: However, Since the Progressive Party and the Liberal Party formed the Constitutional Party together against this and the House of Peers (Japan) also took uncooperative attitude to the Government, which made ITO realize his own poor handling of the political situation and made decision to form a new party, he reported to the Emperor to make either of Shigenobu OKUMA or Taisuke ITAGAKI of the Constitutional Party as his successor and resigned the cabinet en masse, in spite of opposition by Aritomo YAMAGATA and others.
Japanese: だが、これに対して進歩党と自由党が合同して憲政党を結成、貴族院_(日本)も政権に非協力な態度を取った為に、伊藤は自らの政局運営の甘さの自覚と新党結成の決意を固めて、山県有朋らの反対を押し切って憲政会の大隈重信・板垣退助のいずれかを後継にするように上奏して内閣を総辞職した。
English: After the previous Cabinet was fallen due to trouble in the Constitutional Party split, YAMAGATA who received the imperial command on November 5 organized the Cabinet based on government officials of the domain clique from his own group.
Japanese: 憲政党分裂騒動によって前内閣が倒れると、11月5日に山縣が大命降下を受けて、自派の藩閥官僚を中心とした組閣を行った。
English: At first, he cooperated with Constitutional Party (liberal group) to achieve the plan to increase land taxes and implemented the plan to increase land taxes and the Industrial Bank of Japan Act.
Japanese: 当初、地租増徴を実現させるために憲政党（自由派）と連携して地租増徴や日本興業銀行法を実現させた。
English: However after that, he unilaterally broke the promise to take the members of this party into the Cabinet and implemented revision of the Civil Service Appointment Ordinance followed by enactment of the ordinance on the status of civil servant, the ordinance on reprimand of civil servant and the Security Police Law, as well as introduction of Military ministers to be officers on active-duty rule to eliminate political parties from the government and aim for running the country by the doctrine of superiority.
Japanese: だが、その後、同党からの入閣の約束を一方的に反故にして、文官任用令改正を行い、続いて文官分限令・文官懲戒令・治安警察法の制定、軍部大臣現役武官制の導入などで、政党を政府から排して超然主義による国家運営を目指した。
English: But this gradually made YAMAGATA's government control difficult by making enemy of the House of Representatives, and after dissolution of the Constitutional Party and formation of Rikken seiyukai with ITO etc. after the Boxer Rebellion, he recommended ITO as his successor and resigned to aimed for dissolution of the Seiyu Party.
Japanese: だが、これによって衆議院を敵に回した山縣の政権運営は次第に困難になり、北清事変後に憲政党が解党して伊藤博文らと立憲政友会を結成すると、政友会潰しを策して伊藤博文を後継に推して辞任した。
English: Different from the previous 3 Ito Cabinets, this cabinet was virtually a party cabinet with Rikken Seiyu Party formed by government officials from ITO group and former Constitutional Party as the ruling party.
Japanese: これまでの3度の伊藤内閣と異なり、伊藤系官僚と旧憲政党によって結成された立憲政友会を与党とする事実上の政党内閣である。
English: This party was formed on October 1, and the cabinet was established by ITO who assumed the party president and imposed the Government by the previous Prime Minister, Aritomo YAMAGATA to disturb this party just after formation.
Japanese: 10月1日に同党が結成されると、前首相山縣有朋が結党直後の同党を揺さぶるために総裁に就任した伊藤に強引に政権を押し付ける形で成立した。
English: However, YAMAGATA attacked the Seiyu Party by making use of the Imperial Japanese Army and the House of Peers (Japan) and the situation was finally settled by the imperial edict of Emperor Meiji.
Japanese: だが、山縣は大日本帝国陸軍と貴族院_(日本)を利用して政友会攻撃を行い、明治天皇の詔書によって漸く事態を収拾した。
English: In addition, after the influential person in the Seiyu Party and Minister of Communication, Toru HOSHI was forced to resign due to corruption, the conflict of opinions between government officials from ITO group and former Constitutional Party group not harmonized each other yet was revealed.
Japanese: 加えて政友会の実力者であった逓信大臣星亨が汚職で辞職に追い込まれると、未だに融和が進んでいなかった伊藤系官僚と旧憲政党系の意見対立が露呈する。
English: On the other hand, within the Seiyu Party, there was a growing claim for commencement of new railway construction and the new Minister of Communication Takashi HARA made a great effort to stop it, but Kunitake WATANABE, the Minister of Finance proposed "Suspension of all projects depending on public bonds" at such time.
Japanese: 一方、政友会内部では鉄道の新規着工を要求する予算を求める声が上がり、それを新しい逓信大臣であった原敬が必死に押止めていたが、そんな折に渡辺国武大蔵大臣が「公債に依存した事業の全停止」提案した。
English: Since railway construction was specified to be covered by issuance of the railway bonds in the Railway Construction Act at that time, this proposal virtually meant that not only new but also existing railway works should be all suspended.
Japanese: 当時、鉄道敷設法によって鉄道建設は鉄道公債の発行によって全て賄うこととされており、この提案は新規どころか既存の鉄道工事も全て停止すると言っているのにも等しかった。
English: WATANABE was isolated by protest of HARA and other Cabinet members who were furious about this, which led ITO to announce his resignation, and from May 10 the Chairman of the Privy Council, Kinmochi SAIONJI who was a minister without official announcement served as the temporary prime minister.
Japanese: これに激怒した原や他の閣僚達の抗議を受けた渡辺が孤立するに至って伊藤は辞任を表明、5月10日から班列であった西園寺公望枢密院議長が臨時首相を務めた。
English: However, Inoue declined forming his cabinet partly because Eichi SHIBUSAWA did not become Minister of Finance against Inoue's expectation, and partly because Rikken Seiyukai (Friends of Constitutional Government Party) was in chaos.
Japanese: が、期待していた渋沢栄一の大蔵大臣就任が実現せず、同じく立憲政友会も混乱状態にあったため、井上は組閣辞退を表明した。
English: Genro (elder statesman) thought it almost impossible to elect a Prime Minister from the generation of Genkun (the statesmen who contributed in Meiji Restoration), so they decided to chose Katsura.
Japanese: 元勲世代からの総理大臣擁立は困難と考えた元老によって、新たに推されたのが桂であった。
English: The ruling party in the Congress was only the Teikokuto (Imperialist party) and the Rikken Seiyukai led by Hirobumi ITO and the Kensei Honto (True Constitutional party) led by Shigenobu OKUMA were the opposition parties.
Japanese: 議会における与党は帝国党のみであり、伊藤博文の立憲政友会と大隈重信の憲政本党は野党に回った。
English: Although Rikken Seiyukai led by Hirobumi ITO admitted the necessity of Japan's military expansion, they required a thorough administrative and financial reform, not increased land taxes, which Katsura was going to promote.
Japanese: 伊藤博文の立憲政友会は軍備増強の必要性は認めたものの、桂の進める地租増徴ではなく行財政改革の徹底を求めた。
English: That cabinet disapproved of the administrative and financial reform plan, which was made by Yoshihito OKUDA, the Director-General of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau, and made him resign; Ito and other members of the Seiyu party were enraged by that and attacked the cabinet, which led to such a critical situation as the Constitution of the Empire of Japan might be abandoned (from Katsura's letter to Aritomo YAMAGATA on May 19 ('Aritomo YAMAGATA monjo' [written materials]).
Japanese: だが、親政友会の奥田義人法制局長官による行財政改革案を葬って辞任に追い込んだことが伊藤を含めた政友会の怒りを買って内閣を攻撃し、一時は大日本帝国憲法の停止を検討する程（5月19日山縣有朋宛の桂書簡（「山縣有朋文書」））の危機的状況を迎えていた。
English: In order to weather that crisis, Katsura took a more clearly adversarial stand against the Russian Empire by concluding the Anglo-Japanese Alliance; he also succeeded in having Hirobumi ITO resigning his position as the president of the (Rikken) Seiyu party by kicking him up to chairman of the Privy Council.
Japanese: 桂はこの事態を乗り切るために外交では日英同盟を締結してロシア帝国との対決姿勢を強め、内政では伊藤博文を枢密院議長に祭り上げて政友会総裁を辞めさせることに成功した。
English: The Seiyu party promoted its intra party harmony under the leadership of Kinmochi SAIONJI, who became the president of the party.
Japanese: だが、政友会は代わりに総裁になった西園寺公望の元で党内融和が進んでいくことになった。