nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Specialists on this matter in Japan have increasingly started to accept this view in recent times.
Japanese: それを承けて、日本の専門家の間でも同様な見解を示す向きが近年は多くなってきている。
English: It is uncertain how this philosophic system with its religious element came into being.
Japanese: どのようにして現在のような宗教的思想体系になったのか、ほとんど不明である。
English: Dokyo was generated based on sharmanism or the philosophy of Kido (literally, ogre's path), and the Shinsen philosophy that seeks perennial youth and long life.
Japanese: 道教の発生は、中国古来の巫術もしくは鬼道の教、不老長生を求める神仙思想を基盤としている。
English: Dokyo seems to have been created by incorporating, both in an integrated fashion and in a layer by layer fashion, Bokka's philosophy and belief of 上帝鬼神 (jotei-kishin: god in the heaven and the ogre preventing disasters), the philosophy of Shintoism and festival rites in Confucianism; the metaphysics of '玄' (gen) '真' (shin: truth) in Laozi and Zhuangzi (Doka); and finally, 業報輪廻 (gyoho-rinne: philosophy concerned with "cause and effect "[業報], "rebirth" [輪廻]), Gedatsu (being liberated from earthly desires and the woes of man, [reaching] nirvana, moksha, and mukti) and doctrines and rituals in salvation by Buddha and the Bodhisattvas (Shujyo Saido).
Japanese: その上に、墨家の上帝鬼神の思想信仰、儒教の神道と祭礼の哲学、老荘（道家）の「玄」と「真」の形而上学、さらに中国仏教の業報輪廻と解脱ないしは衆生済度の教理儀礼などを重層的・複合的に取り入れてできあがった物であろう。
English: In terms of organization, it was influenced by the Buddhism organization, which developed at about the same time, and was complemented by rituals and doctrines of Sui, Tang and Godai-kukkoku periods (the period of ten dynasties in five generations).
Japanese: 教団組織の面では、同時期に整って行った仏教教団の影響も受けて、隋・唐・五代十国時代の時期に宗教教団としての組織と儀礼と神学教理とを一応完成するにいたった。
English: The people best known for pioneering research of Dokyo and organizing the Dokyo society in Japan were Yoshitoyo YOSHIOKA, Kojun FUKUI, Noritada KUBO, Mitsuji FUKUNAGA, Hisayuki MIYAKAWA, and Mizuho SAWADA.
Japanese: 日本の道教研究をリードし、道教学会を組織した中心は、吉岡義豊・福井康順・窪徳忠・福永光司・宮川尚志・澤田瑞穂等である。
English: This term (Dokyo) is used in the broad sense of 'the teachings of the saint to be followed.'
Japanese: 広義には、「従うべき聖人の教え」という意味で、この語（道教）は使われる。
English: In its narrow sense, this term sometimes refers to 'the teaching of the Do described in "Roshi" (a book) and "Soshi [a book]'" or 'Ro-So' (Laozi and Zhuangzi).
Japanese: 狭義には、「『老子』や『荘子(書物)』の中で述べられているような道の教え」「老荘」と言う意味で使われる場合もある。
English: Related to 'Ro-So,' this term is also means 'the Dokyo that was formed in the fifth century' (the Maoshan school).
Japanese: そして、この「老荘」と関連して、「5世紀に歴史的に形成された道教」（茅山派）という意味でも、使われる。
English: Ro-So' and 'the Dokyo that was formed in the fifth century as part of a historical process,' are called "Doka" in traditional China, and "Taoism" in Europe and the United States, and Dokyo and Doka are thought of as one and the same thing.
Japanese: 「老荘」と、「5世紀に歴史的に形成された道教」は伝統的な中国では《道家》、欧米では"Taoism"と呼ばれ、道教と道家は同じものを指すと言われている。
English: Tao means "being natural" or "being inactive," and uses the principles of Yin and Yang (cosmic positive and negative dual forces).
Japanese: 道（タオ）は、自然とか無為と同義とされ、また陰陽の思想で説明される。
English: Tao is truth, and is called Mugoku (infinite), or Taiji (the root of all things) or Taiso.
Japanese: 道は真理であり、無極（むごく）と呼ばれ、また太極とか太素と呼ばれる。
English: The figure of Taiji played an important role in forming Sung-period neo-Confucianism, which was refined, later becoming Shushigaku (Neo-Confucianism).
Japanese: 朱子学として大成される宋学の形成に重要な役割を担ったのは、この太極図である。
English: It is believed that the Dokyo school system was based on the social system of Taiheido (Kokin-no-ran [the yellow turban rebellion]) by Chokaku around the second century, and that of Choryo's Gotomaido (五斗米道) or Chokaku's Tenshido (天師道).
Japanese: 道教の教団の制度は2世紀頃の張角の太平道（黄巾の乱）、さらに張陵の五斗米道（天師道）の教団制度が基本にあるのではないか、と言われている。
English: Similarities with the Buddhist organization system later established in China (in particular, concerning the system of entering into priesthood) have been identified.
Japanese: 更に中国に入ってきた仏教の教団制度との類似も指摘されている（特にその出家制度）。
English: Katsuko (Ge-hong) in the Western Jìn Dynasty wrote "Hobokushi," in which he explained the ascetic practices involved in becoming a sennin (immortal mountain wizard).
Japanese: 西晋末の葛洪（かっこう）は、『抱朴子（ほうぼくし）』を著し、仙人となるための修行法を説いた。
English: It is said that Rikushusei (406 - 477) in the Song (Southern) Dynasty around the fifth century contributed significantly to the unification of various Dokyo schools that existed at that time in Konan (Jiangnan).
Japanese: 5世紀頃（宋(南朝)）の江南で活躍した道士、陸修静（りくしゅうせい406年-477年）はさまざまな流れのあった道教をまとめあげる事に大きな寄与をした、と言われている。
English: At that time, various sets of religious scripture existed, such as 'Sanko-kyo,' (developed from Konan magic [Jiangnan]), 'Horei-kyo' and 'Josei-kyo,' each of which represent distinct streams.
Japanese: 当時、江南呪術の系譜であるといわれる「三皇経」、またその他に「霊宝経」、「上清経」などと称される経典群があったが、それらは、系統的に別々の流れのものだった。
English: Around that time, the Sansei (三清), composed of 'Genshi-tenson' (Primeval lord of heaven), 'Reihou-tenson' (Sacred treasure lord of heaven) and 'Dotoku-tenson' (Moral lord of heaven), all of which are metamorphosed Tao- gods, appeared in historical documents.
Japanese: このころには、道の変化した神である「元始天尊」「霊宝天尊」「道徳天尊」の三清が文献上現れている。
English: In his work "Shinko [真誥]," Tokokei (456 - 536) from Nansei and Ryo (the south dynasty) systematized these.
Japanese: 南斉・梁(南朝)の陶弘景（とうこうけい456年-536年）は、それらを体系づけた『真誥（しんこう）』を著した。
English: The Tang dynasty, respecting Lao Tzu (Kiji), as the ancestral founder of the family, placed Dokyo above Buddhism as the order of seats in the Imperial court (Do-sen Butsu-go: Dokyo first, Buddhism after it).
Japanese: 同姓の老子（李耳）を宗室の祖と仰ぐ唐朝は、宮中での道教の席次を仏教の上に置いた（道先仏後）。
English: In the Genso era (in Tang), Genso coveted Horoku (法籙), from Shotei SHIBA to become Taoist emperor, wrote a commentary of "Dotoku-kyo [道徳経]," established Sugengaku (崇玄学) (a school for Dokyo), and made the status of the persons who passed the test there equivalent of that of those who passed Kokyo (貢挙), (called Dokyo [道挙]).
Japanese: 玄宗(唐)の時代には、司馬承禎から法籙を受け道士皇帝となり、自ら『道徳経』の注釈書をつくり、崇玄学（道教の学校）を設置してその試験の合格者は貢挙の及第者と同格とされた（道挙）。
English: Tokotei towards the end of Tang wrote "Dokyo-reigenki [道教霊験記]" and Dotenfukuchigakutokumeizan-ki [洞天福地岳瀆名山記]."
Japanese: 唐末の道士杜光庭（とこうてい）は『道教霊験記（どうきょうれいげんき）』、『洞天福地岳瀆名山記（どうてんふくちがくとくめいざんき）』を著わした。
English: In the Sung period, emperors, such as Shinso and Kiso protected Dokyo, and as the subjects of Naitanjutsu (内丹術) and Rendo (錬度) were studied by many people, Dokyo underwent a drastic transformation.
Japanese: 宋代には真宗(宋)や徽宗といった皇帝が道教を保護し、内丹術（ないたんじゅつ）や錬度（れんど）の科目が盛行し道教の姿も大きく変化していった。
English: Chohakutan in Northern Sung Dynasty wrote "Goshin-hen [悟真篇]," a major scripture for Naitan-do (内丹道).
Japanese: 北宋の張伯端（ちょうはくたん）は『悟真篇（ごしんへん）』という内丹道の主要経典を著わした。
English: In Dokyo, each of the eight sennin, called hassen, is equally admired, but it can be said that, of them Ryodohin was the most famous sennin.
Japanese: 道教では、八仙と呼ばれる8人の仙人が並び称されるが、なかでも宋代の呂洞賓（りょどうひん）が、もっとも有名な仙人と言える。
English: In the Jin and Yuan dynasties, new Dokyo represented by Zenshinkyo (literally, all truth religion) was established in the northern area (Besides, the religious organizations of Shindai-Dokyo [truly great Dokyo] and Taiitsukyo experienced a sudden boom.)
Japanese: 金(王朝)・元(王朝)の時代に、北方で全真教に代表される新道教が成立した（他に、真大道教と太一教の教団が勃興した）。
English: "Seito Dozo [道蔵]" was completed in the Seito era of Ming Dynasty and "Banreki-zoku-Dozo" (Dozo's continuation in the Banreki era) in the Banreki era, establishing Dozo (道蔵), which corresponds to Daizokyo in Buddhism.
Japanese: 明代の正統(明)年間には『正統道蔵』、万暦年間には『万暦続道蔵』と、道教の大蔵経である道蔵が成立した。
English: In 'Saiyuki' (Journey to West), Gyokukotaitei conferred Songoku the rank of Seitentaisei.
Japanese: 「西遊記」では、玉皇大帝（ぎょくこうたいてい）が孫悟空に斉天大聖（せいてんたいせい）の位を与えている。
English: In the popular Ming Dynasty novel 'Hoshinengi,' many Dokyo gods appear.
Japanese: 明代の通俗小説「封神演義（ほうしんえんぎ）」では道教の神々が数多く登場する。
English: However, due to the popularity of this story among the general public, traditional tales handed down for generations were replaced by ancient events depicted in 'Hoshinengi' and names appearing in the story were displayed on some mausoleums, affecting later religious belief significantly.
Japanese: しかしながら、この小説の内容が民間で流行したために、「封神演義」で創作された故事がそれまで伝えられていた説話と置き換わったり、廟に創作上の人物の名が掲げられたりするなど、後の信仰に影響を与えた。
English: However, because the institution ended up being used for controlling ordinary people's movements and political strife, and because dangerous substances such as mercury used in the formation of a sennin, were employed there, the institution was later abolished.
Japanese: しかしながら、民衆運動や政争に利用され、仙人になるために水銀などの危険薬物を使うため、やがて廃止された。
English: Replacing it, Onmyodo integrated Dokyo techniques, called Dojutsu, to create a unique Japanese version of Onmyodo.
Japanese: それにかわって、陰陽道が道術を取り入れ、日本独自の陰陽道が生まれた。
English: There is a theory that the title of 'Emperor' also originated in Dokyo (The theory which the term indicates the North Star c.f. Tenno-Taitei [天皇大帝].)
Japanese: 「天皇」という称号も道教に由来するという説がある（天皇大帝参照すなわち北極星という意味であるという説）。
English: Some claim that Dokyo was not accepted in Japanese culture because the sennin-related philosophy was connected to the thought of destroying the emperor system that had been firmly established in Japan.
Japanese: また、道教が日本の文化に受け入れられなかった理由の一つとして、仙人思想が日本文化に確立された天皇制を覆す思想に繋がるという理由で日本人には受け入れることができなかったためである、という説もある。
English: Even today, there are people who use Fusui to bring good luck, and use of the theory is flourishing in Korea and Japan.
Japanese: 現在でも開運を願って取り入れようとする人がおり、韓国や日本などで盛んである。
English: The "Chiho"part of "Tenen-Chiho"became obsolete in Fusui theory, thus distinguishing it from Onmyodo, which places equal emphasis on both elements.
Japanese: 風水では天円地方の思想のうち地方の部分が形骸化しており、地方を天円と同じく重くみる陰陽道とは異なる。
English: The concept of Chiho (rectangular ground) was represented in the dohyo (ring) (which was rectangular in old times) of sumo as a ritual, but it shapes round today as it has lost the original meaning.
Japanese: この地方という考えは儀式としての相撲における土俵（古来四角であった）に現れていたが、現在ではその特性を失われ円になっている。
English: As fortune-telling techniques used by practitioners are seen on the streets, the divination originates in Dokyo is rooted also in Japan.
Japanese: 易も、街頭で易者を見掛けるなど、日本にも道教に起源をもつ占術は根付いている。
English: Koshin towers and Koshin halls were built in various locations throughout the nation, and organizations and customs such as Koshin-ko (organizations celebrating Koshin) and the Koshin-machi ritual (being awake throughout the night on Koshin days) are firmly established.
Japanese: 各地に庚申塔や庚申堂が造られ、庚申講や庚申待ちという組織や風習が定着している。
English: In the areas where Koshin belief centered on a Koshin hall is deeply rooted, the custom of hanging a monkey effigy from the edge of the eaves is observed, an obvious manifestation of the belief.
Japanese: 現代でも、庚申堂を中心とした庚申信仰の行われている地域では、軒先に身代わり猿を吊り下げる風習が見られ、一目でそれと分かる。
English: Calendar-related items such as Shi-gai (辛亥), Kasshi Kakurei (the 1st year of the 60-year cycle in Chinese calendar when changes are often said to happen), and the 24 seasonal datum points, all reveal significant influenced by Dokyo.
Japanese: 辛亥、甲子革令、二十四節気などの暦に関することもかなり道教の影響をうけている。
English: However, as is the case with Onmyodo, it is synthesized with the philosophies specific to Japan.
Japanese: しかしながら、陰陽道と同じく日本独自の思想と習合などがなされている。
English: Minbusho-satsu is a bank note issued by the Minbusho (Ministry of Popular Affairs) of the Meiji government from November 15, 1869 to the next year.
Japanese: 民部省札（みんぶしょうさつ）は、明治2年11月15日_(旧暦)（1869年）から翌年にかけて明治政府の民部省によって発行された紙幣。
English: After the Meiji government was established, the 5 kinds (10 ryo, 5 ryo, 1 ryo, 1 bu, 1 shu) of Dajokan-satsu (Kinsatsu, a golden bank note) were issued as an alternative to the currency issued by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), but only expensive Kinsatsu were issued in order to complement public finance, and 1 bu or 1 shu were rarely issued, so they could not accommodate public demand.
Japanese: 明治政府の成立後、江戸幕府発行の貨幣に替わるものとして太政官札（金札）5種（10両・5両・1両・1分・1朱）が発行されたが、財政補完を目的として高額金札ばかりが発行され、1分・1朱がほとんど発行されなかったために、民間の需要に応えることが出来なかった。
English: That's why a total of 7.5 million ryo consisted of 4 kinds of bank notes, 2 bu, 1 bu, 2 shu and 1 shu were issued by the Minbusho.
Japanese: そのため、民部省によって2分・1分・2朱・1朱、計4種類の紙幣が総額にして750万両分発行された。
English: Minbusho-satsu was used as a complement of Dajokan-satsu and for public demand, and 1 ryo of Minbusho-satsu could be exchanged for 1 ryo of Dajokan-satsu.
Japanese: 民部省札は太政官札の補完と民間の需要のために用いられて、民部省札1両分で太政官札1両と交換することが可能であった。
English: However, it was available only for 5 years, until Dajokan-satsu would be circulated.
Japanese: ただし、あくまでもこれは太政官札流通までのものであるとして通用期間は5年と定められていた。
English: But, counterfeit bills of Minbusho-satsu and Dajokan-satsu were forged in various places because the foundation of the Meiji government was not strengthened enough.
Japanese: だが、明治政府の基盤が固まっていなかったことによって、太政官札ともども偽札が各地で作られた。
English: Exchange for the new bank note (Meiji Tsuho) issued in 1871 was started, and when the regulation of Kinsatsu exchange government securities was issued on March 30, 1873, Minbusho-satsu and Dajokan-satsu were renovated in exchange for the public bond bearing 6% interest a year as a general rule, they were started to be collected properly.
Japanese: 明治4年（1871年）に発行された新しい紙幣（明治通宝）との交換が開始され、明治6年（1873年）3月30日には金札交換公債証書条令が公布されて太政官札・民部省札は原則として年6分利付公債と引換に改修されることとなり、本格的な回収が開始される。
English: After that, on June 30, 1876, Okura-sho (Ministry of the Treasury) notified that acceptance and exchange of Minbusho-satsu would be halted, but it took a long time to collect, finally, a deadline was set on September 30, 1878, and the acceptance and exchange was halted.
Japanese: その後、大蔵省より明治9年（1876年）6月30日に民部省札の通用・交換を停止するとする通達が出されたものの、回収に時間がかかったために最終的に明治11年（1878年）9月30日を期限として通用・交換が停止された。
English: The collection was almost completed including the liquidation by the following year, 1879.
Japanese: その残務処理を含めて翌年の明治12年（1879年）までにその回収をほぼ終えることとなった。
English: Mushuku means people in the Edo period whose names were excluded from Shumon-Ninbetsu-Aratame-Cho (The Village People Register of Religious Faith and Relationship) which is the equivalent of today's family register.
Japanese: 無宿（むしゅく）は、江戸時代において、現在の戸籍台帳と呼べる宗門人別改帳から名前を外された者のことである。
English: Since guilt-by-association system was taken in the Edo period, some mushuku were townspeople who had been disowned by his family because of his misconduct for fear of being involved in, and people who had been transported due to misdemeanor.
Japanese: 無宿には、江戸時代は連座の制度があったため、その累が及ぶことを恐れた親族から不行跡を理由に勘当された町人、軽罪を犯して追放刑を受けた者もいた。
English: Yet, many of them were farmers who became impossible to live in the farm village because of the Tenmei Famine or agricultural failure caused by the Mercantilism policy of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 多くは天明の大飢饉や江戸幕府の重商主義政策による農業の破綻により、農村で生活を営むことが不可能になった百姓だった。
English: Mushuku was also called "Chohazure" (off the registry) since his name was eliminated from the Shumon-Ninbetsu-Aratame-Cho after a certain period since his leaving the village or town.
Japanese: 村や町から出て一定期間を経ると、人別帳から名前が除外されるため、無宿は「帳外」（ちょうはずれ）とも呼ばれた。
English: In the Tenmei Era when Okitsugu TANUMA involved in the shogunate government, due to political instability that existed at that time, many Mushuku flew in and around Edo and became to commit various atrocious crime.
Japanese: 田沼意次が幕政に関与した天明年間には折からの政情不安により無宿が大量に江戸周辺に流入し、様々な凶悪犯罪を犯すようになった。
English: A mushuku who had committed crime and been arrested was called by a name with prefixed name of his native place, such as "Bushu-Mushuku-Gonbei" (homeless Gonbei from Bushu) or "Joshu-Mushuku-Jirokichi" (homeless Jirokichi from Joshu).
Japanese: 犯罪を犯し、捕縛された無宿は「武州無宿権兵衛」、「上州無宿次郎吉」等、出身地を冠せられて呼ばれた。
English: Miyoshi's government refers to a Japanese military government that existed from 1549 through 1568.
Japanese: 三好政権（みよしせいけん）とは、天文(元号)18年（1549年）から永禄11年（1568年）まで存在した日本の武家政権である。
English: Since the Miyoshi clan governed only a limited region, including Shikoku and Kinai, sometimes the Miyoshi's government is regarded just as one of the government of a daimyo in the Sengoku period.
Japanese: ただし、三好氏が実質的に支配したのは四国や畿内などの限られた地域であるため、単なる戦国大名としての一政権としての見解もある。
English: However, the facts that the Miyoshi's government governed Kyoto, which was then the center of Japanese politics in Japan, that it controlled the shogunate government by making the shogun of Muromachi Bakufu as puppet, and that it had the Imperial Court under their protection, differentiate it as a central government from other local government of daimyo in the same period.
Japanese: だが、当時の日本政治の中央である京都を支配下に置き、室町幕府将軍を傀儡として幕政を掌握し、朝廷も庇護下に置いていたことなどが、同時代における他の戦国大名の地方政権とは大きく異なる中央政権であったといえる。
English: During the time of Yukinaga MIYOSHI, the Miyoshi clan had the opportunity to expand their power to the Kinai region when they served Shogunal Deputy Katsumoto HOSOKAWA and Masamoto HOSOKAWA and gained power.
Japanese: 三好之長の時代に管領・細川勝元、細川政元に仕えて勢力を拡大したのが畿内進出の契機となる。
English: During the time of the confusion after the Eisho no Sakuran (assassination of Masamoto HOSOKAWA), Yukinaga sided Sumimoto HOSOKAWA and fought, but lost against Takakuni HOSOKAWA and was executed.
Japanese: 永正の錯乱の後の混乱において之長は細川澄元に与して奮戦したが細川高国に敗れ処刑された。
English: The grandson of Yukinaga, Motonaga MIYOSHI served Rokuro HOSOKAWA (later Harumoto HOSOKAWA) and defeated Takakuni HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 之長の孫・三好元長は細川晴元（後の細川晴元）に仕えて細川高国を討つという武功を挙げた。
English: In 1532, however, Motonaga was killed by Harumoto who believed the false charge made by Masanaga MIYOSHI.
Japanese: しかし天文元年（1532年）、元長は同族の三好政長の讒言を信じた晴元に誅殺された。
English: The Miyoshi clan was allowed to have Motonaga as their heir, Nagayoshi MIYOSHI, to take over the family head; however, since Nagayoshi was as young as 10 years old at that time, the Miyoshi clan temporarily retreated.
Japanese: 三好氏は元長の嫡男・三好長慶が継ぐことは許されたが、長慶は10歳という幼少のために三好氏は一時的に後退した。
English: Nagayoshi became an intelligent and brave busho (Japanese military commander) left a lot of military exploits as a vassal of the Hosokawa clan, including at the suppression of Nagamasa KIZAWA (the battle of the Taihei-ji Temple), battles against Ujitsuna HOSOKAWA and Naganori YUSA.
Japanese: 長慶は長じて智勇兼備の武将に成長し、細川氏の家臣として木沢長政討伐（太平寺の戦い）をはじめ、細川氏綱や遊佐長教らとの戦いで多くの武功を発揮した。
English: He then became the most powerful senior vassal under Harumoto who was given the post of local governor in 17 places in the Kinnai region, including Kawachi Province.
Japanese: 河内国など畿内17ヶ所の代官職を与えられた晴元配下の最有力重臣にまで成長する。
English: In 1548, Nagayoshi reconciled with Naganori YUSA and welcomed his daughter as his lawful wife, and at the same time, backed up Ujitsuna HOSOKAWA and disobeyed Harumoto.
Japanese: 天文17年（1548年）、長慶は遊佐長教と和睦してその娘を正室に迎え、同時に細川氏綱を擁立して晴元に叛いた。
English: In 1549, Harumoto and Nagayoshi fought against each other at the Battle of Eguchi and Nagayoshi won and Masanaga died.
Japanese: 天文18年（1549年）、江口の戦いで晴元と長慶は戦い、長慶が勝利して政長は戦死した。
English: In 1552, Nagayoshi reconciled with Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA and welcomed Yoshiteru to Kyoto, and at the same time, he made Ujitsuna HOSOKAWA as kanrei (shogunal deputy).
Japanese: 天文21年（1552年）、長慶は足利義輝と和睦して義輝を京都に迎え、同時に細川氏綱を管領に据えた。
English: These two were puppets for Nagayoshi and here the Miyoshi's government with the powerful persons of the Muromachi bakufu of shogun and kanrei practically began to function.
Japanese: この2人は長慶の傀儡であり、ここに将軍・管領という室町幕府の権力者を擁した三好政権が実質的に機能することとなった。
English: Nagayoshi kept expelling Yoshiteru to Omi and taking him back, meanwhile, Nagayoshi was attempted to be assassinated a few times.
Japanese: 義輝を近江に追放しては連れ戻すという事態が相次ぎ、またその間、長慶は何回か暗殺未遂事件に遭遇している。
English: They finally reconciled in 1558, intermediated by the arrangement made by Yoshitaka ROKKAKU.
Japanese: 最終的に義輝と和睦したのは永禄元年（1558年）、六角義賢の仲介を受けてのことである。
English: Nagayoshi expanded the territory to include Kinai and Shikoku regions, and formed a large territory consisting of more than 11 Provinces such as Yamashiro Province, Settsu Province, Awa Province, Sanuki Province, Harima Province, Iyo Province, Tanba Province, Izumi Province, Awaji Province, Kawachi, Yamato Province, and a part of Wakasa Province.
Japanese: 長慶は版図を畿内・四国に拡大し、永禄年間までには山城国・摂津国・阿波国・讃岐国・播磨国・伊予国・丹波国・和泉国・淡路国・河内・大和国・若狭の一部など11カ国以上に及ぶ大領国を形成している。
English: Since the Imagawa clan controlled 3 provinces, the Takeda clan, Kai Province controlled 2, and the Mori clan, Aki Province controlled 4, the power of Nagayoshi was outstanding.
Japanese: 当時、今川氏は3カ国、甲斐国武田氏は2カ国、安芸国毛利氏は4カ国であったから、長慶の勢力は諸国でも抜きん出たものであった。
English: However, the Miyoshi's government, which passed a peak, began to decline in 1561.
Japanese: しかし全盛期を誇った三好政権も、永禄4年（1561年）になると、その権勢に衰えが見え始める。
English: This year, the brave general of the Miyoshi's army Kazumasa SOGO, the younger brother and Nagayoshi who was called 'Oni Sogo,' died suddenly.
Japanese: この年には長慶の弟で「鬼十河」と呼ばれた三好軍の勇将・十河一存が急死した。
English: In March 1562, Nagayoshi's another younger brother Yoshikata MIYOSHI died in a battle against the Hatakeyama clan.
Japanese: 永禄5年（1562年）3月にも長慶の弟・三好義賢が畠山氏との戦いで戦死する。
English: Although the deaths of Kazumasa SOGO and Yoshioki MIYOSHI were rumored to have been the assassination by Hisahide, Nagayoshi, who was heart broken by the deaths of his family, was too weak to notice the true nature of Hisahide.
Japanese: もともと、先に死去した十河一存や三好義興もこの久秀の暗殺説すら噂されていたのに、すでに一族の死で失意にあった長慶は久秀の本性を見抜けないほどに衰弱していたのである。
English: Therefore, Nagayoshi, who believed the false charge made by Hisahide and killed his younger brother Fuyuyasu ATAGI in May 1564, later realized that Fuyuyasu was innocent and fell sick, and died in July the same year (some speculate that Nagayoshi was assassinated by Hisahide)
Japanese: このため、永禄7年（1564年）5月に久秀の讒言を信じて弟・安宅冬康を誅殺してしまった長慶は、後に冬康の無実を知ると失意の内に病に倒れ、自らも7月に死去してしまった（久秀の暗殺説もある）。
English: After Nagayoshi's death, the family estate of the Miyoshi clan was taken over by the adopted son of Nagayoshi, Yoshitsugu ASHIKAGA (son of Kazumasa SOGO).
Japanese: 長慶の死後、三好氏の家督は長慶の養子・三好義継（十河一存の子）が継いだ。
English: However, since Yoshitsugu was young, the Miyoshi's government was established by the coalition government by Nagayuki MIYOSHI, Masayasu MIYOSHI, Tomomichi IWANARI (Yoshitsugu's guardians and Miyoshi Sanninshu (Miyoshi Triumvirate)) and Hisahide MATSUNAGA.
Japanese: しかし義継は若年のため、三好政権は義継の後見人である三好長逸・三好政康・岩成友通ら三好三人衆と松永久秀による連立政権が樹立されたのである。
English: Meanwhile, the shogun Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, who was playing a puppet of Nagayoshi, took advantage of Nagayoshi's death, asked Kenshin UESUGI, Shingen TAKEDA, Yoshikage ASAKURA and other daimyo who had been close to Yoshiteru to go to Kyoto, and began to aggressively act for the restoration of the bakufu.
Japanese: 一方、長慶の傀儡として君臨していた将軍・足利義輝は長慶の死を好機と見て、かねてから親密な関係にあった上杉謙信・武田信玄・朝倉義景など諸大名に上洛を呼びかけ、幕府再興を目指して積極的な活動を行なうようになった。
English: Hisahide and Miyoshi Sanninshu who sensed the danger in Yoshiteru's action caused a coup on May 19, 1565 and killed Yoshiteru at the Nijo-jo Castle (Eiroku Incident).
Japanese: このような義輝の行動に危機感を持った久秀・三好三人衆らは永禄8年（1565年）5月19日にクーデターを起こして義輝を二条城で暗殺した（永禄の変）。
English: However, the Miyoshi Sanninshu, who felt Hisahide's power was threatening, invaded to the Yamato Province in cooperation with the local samurai of the Yamato Province, including Junkei TSUTSUI who was drifting after Hisahide took over the Tsutsui-jo Castle (at the Battle of Tsutsui-jo Castle), and tried to kill Hisahide.
Japanese: しかし久秀の勢力を危険視した三好三人衆は、永禄の変から7ヶ月ほどたった12月、かつて久秀に筒井城を奪われて（筒井城の戦い）放浪していた筒井順慶ら大和の国人衆らと手を結んで大和に侵攻し、久秀を討とうとした。
English: At first Miyoshi Sanninshu who were backed up by the shogun Yoshihide ASHIKAGA and Yoshitsugu MIYOSHI, the family head of the Miyoshi family, called out the troops in Shikoku region and they were overwhelmingly dominating.
Japanese: はじめは四国の軍勢も動員し、さらに将軍・足利義栄と三好家当主・三好義継を擁する三好三人衆が圧倒的に優勢であった。
English: However, Hisahide attacked the Miyoshi's army which was lined up at the Kofuku-ji Temple on October 10, 1567, and fought off them by setting a fire to the Daibutsu-den Hall (the Great Buddha hall) of Todai-ji Temple (warrior clashes at the Great Buddha Hall of Todai-ji temple); the battle was a seesaw war.
Japanese: しかし久秀は永禄10年（1567年）10月10日に興福寺に布陣していた三好軍を奇襲して東大寺大仏殿を焼き払って三好三人衆を撃退する（東大寺大仏殿の戦い）など、一進一退の攻防が続けられた。
English: While the Miyoshi's government kept having the internal conflict, the younger brother of Yoshiteru, Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, who was on the run with the support by vassals such as Yusai HOSOKAWA due to the Eiroku Incident, gained support by Nobunaga ODA, who governed the Owari Province and the Mino Province and was on a roll, and headed to Kyoto in September 1568.
Japanese: このように三好政権内部で内紛が続いている中、永禄の変で細川幽斎ら幕臣の援助を受けて逃亡していた義輝の弟・足利義昭は、尾張国・美濃国を領して勢いに乗る織田信長の援助を受け、永禄11年（1568年）9月に上洛を開始する。