nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: When Nakahira took an exam for the first recruitment of assistant director for Shochiku Ofuna Studios after the war, he achieved brilliant results except for an essay question, in which he got the worst score.
Japanese: 松竹大船撮影所の戦後第1回助監督募集の試験の時、中平は筆記試験では極めて優秀な成績であったが、論文だけは最低点だった。
English: It was because he only wrote, 'It's disgraceful to make applicants write an essay in an examination like this.'
Japanese: それは「こうした試験に論文を書かせるなんてけしからん」とだけ書いたからであった。
English: Kozaburo YOSHIMURA and Yuzo KAWASHIMA who were examiners felt funny about him and passed him ('Legends of Masters, Diary of a Film Reviewer in the Fields' written by Shozo ISHIZAKA, published by Sanichi Shobo).
Japanese: 試験官の吉村公三郎と川島雄三は、かえって面白がって中平を合格させた（石坂昌三著「巨匠たちの伝説映画記者現場日記」三一書房）。
English: In the shooting of "Kurutta Kajitsu," the first scene on the first day was a kiss between Yujiro ISHIHARA and Mie KITAHARA.
Japanese: 『狂った果実』では、クランクイン初日の最初のシーンが、なんと石原裕次郎と北原三枝のキス・シーンだった。
English: This kind of important scene was usually shot after actors and staff got used to the shot, and in addition, Yujiro ISHIHARA was a new face at that time so that it was a reckless shot.
Japanese: 通常、このような重要なシーンは俳優やスタッフが慣れてから行うのが普通で、まして石原裕次郎は当時まったくの新人であり、無謀な撮影であった。
English: However, it is said that he daringly shot such an important scene at first because he had succeeded in staging his master Minoru SHIBUYA when he was an assistant director.
Japanese: しかし、このような重要なシーンをあえて最初に撮ったのは、中平が助監督時代によく就いた、師匠の渋谷実の演出法を受け継いだものであるといわれる。
English: It is said that Nakahira told Yujiro to act as usual and not to think you are acting in a film ('Legends of Masters, Diary of a Film Reviewer in the Fields' written by Shozo ISHIZAKA, published by Sanichi Shobo).
Japanese: 中平は裕次郎に、いつものようにやれ、映画を撮ってるなんて思うな、と演出したという（石坂昌三著「巨匠たちの伝説映画記者現場日記」三一書房）。
English: He was known as a 'stubborn' director and it is said that when shooting "Koroshita no wa dareda" working with Akira IFUKUBE, who was a 'stubborn' composer like him, people in the studio were afraid that they would conflict with one another and that the film might not be completed ("Akira IFUKUBE's unpublished collected works of film music of Nikkatsu" VPCD-81189 published by Vap Inc.).
Japanese: 妥協を許さぬ「うるさ型」の監督として知られ、『殺したのは誰だ』の時は同じうるさ型の作曲家・伊福部昭と組むことになり、両者の衝突は避けられぬと撮影所内には作品の完成を危ぶむ声まであったと伝えられる（（株）バップ『伊福部昭未発表映画音楽全集日活編』VPCD-81189）。
English: In addition, it is known that he changed an actor after the start of shooting because 'I do not like his performance' ("Biography of a Black Sheep Film Director 'Ko NAKAHIRA' written by Mami NAKAHIRA, published by Wise Publishing, Inc).
Japanese: また「演技が気に入らない」としてクランクイン後の俳優交代劇があったことも知られている（中平まみ著『ブラックシープ映画監督「中平康」伝』ワイズ出版）。
English: Nakahira wrote that he had a conflict with the company because he made Sanae NAKAHARA shout, 'Quiet, you! Lougheed' in the last scene of "Gakuseiyaro to Musumetachi" (this line did not exist in the scenario) and because he made Izumi ASHIKAWA, who had a pure and innocent image, play a call girl, and thought to move to another company at one point, but that it was impossible because of the Five company agreement ('Kinema Junpo' Spring special edition in 1962).
Japanese: 中平は『学生野郎と娘たち』のラストシーンで中原早苗が「うるせえぞ!ロッキード!」と叫ぶセリフ（このセリフは台本には無い）と、清純派の芦川いづみをコールガールの役にしたこと等で会社側と喧嘩になり、一時は他社に行くことも考えたが五社協定で無理だったと書き残している（「キネマ旬報」昭和37年（1962年）春の特大号）。
English: According to Hyoe ENOKI, an excellent supporting actor who had often appeared in Nakahira's films because of his performance laying his life on the line and his unique appearance, for example, the part of a killer who did a desperate stunt to become a fireball with gasoline in "Wakakute Warukute Sugoi Koitsura" (Young, evil, and excellent gays), Nakahira, who had been a dandy as a stylist since he was an assistant director, had a long face and got really mad when he was called a 'horse face' by Yasushi SUZUKI and Hyoe ENOKI at the time of shooting of "Yaro ni Kokkyo wa nai."
Japanese: 『若くて悪くて凄いこいつら』の殺し屋役で、ガソリンを浴びて火だるまになる決死のスタントを自ら行う等、その体を張った演技と特異な風貌で中平にも度々起用されていた名バイプレーヤー・榎木兵衛の話によると、助監督時代からスタイリストとしてダンディーな中平であったが、面長な顔だったため、『野郎に国境はない』の時に鈴木ヤスシと榎木兵衛から「馬ヅラ」と言われて本気で怒ったそうである。
English: It is said that Nakahira broke a rule and planned the last scene of "Kuroi Tobakushi Akuma no Hidarite" starring Akira KOBAYASHI as all casts would say hello to the audience in a theater and shot that scene, but the company got mad and cut it.
Japanese: 本来『黒い賭博師悪魔の左手』のラストシーンは、中平のプランでは劇場に揃った主演の小林旭ら出演者一同が、観客に向かって「今年も日活映画をよろしく!」と挨拶をするという掟破りのもので、撮影もされていたが、会社側に激怒されてカットされたと伝えられる。
English: It seemed that Nakahira was not satisfied with this and planned to do the same thing when shooting "Seishun A Go Go" (Youth A Go Go), and as a result, he was fired as director of this film after just three days ('Film Art', on December, 1978).
Japanese: 中平は不満だったらしく、その後『青春ア・ゴーゴー』を撮り、こちらでも同じことをやり、この作品の監督を3日で降ろされた（昭和53年（1978年）「映画芸術」12月号）。
English: It is said that Kumiko AKIYOSHI, who played the lead in "Saturday Night at the Mysteries" and paid her last respects, told that she had not noticed his suffering from terminal cancer and that he had not seem to be debilitated.
Japanese: 葬儀に駆けつけた『土曜ワイド劇場涙・暗くなるまで待って』で主演した秋吉久美子は、監督が癌で死期が近いとは気がつかなかった、そんな弱々しい演出ではなかった、と言っていたという。
English: Nakahira died one week after the film was completed ('Film Art', on December, 1978).
Japanese: 中平は作品完成から一週間後に息を引き取った（昭和53年（1978年）「映画芸術」12月号）。
English: Nakahira noticed Kawashima's works before he entered the film industry, and continued to have a relationship with him.
Japanese: 中平は映画界に入る前から川島作品には注目しており、その後も親交が続いた。
English: Nakahira disliked serious matters and identified himself as 'Nippon Keicho Huhaku Ha,' which seemed to be influenced by Kawashima to some extent.
Japanese: 中平はマジメなことが嫌いで「日本軽佻浮薄派」と自任していたが、これは川島の影響も少なからずともあるようである。
English: When Kurosawa shot "Shubun" (Scandal) and "Hakuchi" (The Idiot) at Shochiku, he applied to become an assistant director by himself and was favored by Kurosawa because of his vigorous activity, and they kept in touch even after that.
Japanese: 黒澤が松竹で撮った『醜聞』、『白痴』の時には、自ら志願して助監督に就き、その縦横無尽な働きぶりに黒澤に気に入られ、その後も親交が続いた。
English: Accordingly, Kurosawa told Nakahira that he would write a scenario and give it to him after Nakahira was promoted to director.
Japanese: 黒澤からは、中平が監督に昇進したら脚本を一本書いて提供するとまで言われていたという。
English: Kurosawa also participated in Nakahira's funeral ("Biography of a Black Sheep Film Director "Ko NAKAHIRA" written by Mami NAKAHIRA, published by Wise Publishing, Inc).
Japanese: 黒澤は中平の葬儀にも出席した（中平まみ著『ブラックシープ映画監督「中平康」伝』ワイズ出版）。
English: She was a rare star who somehow got along with Nakahira and visited his house.
Japanese: なぜか中平とは馬が合い、中平邸に遊びに行ったことのある数少ないスター女優。
English: It is said that the riddle which Sayuri YOSHINAGA told Mitsuo HAMADA in "Doro darake no Junjo" was that Izumi made it, as requested by Nakahira.
Japanese: 『泥だらけの純情』で吉永小百合が浜田光夫に言うナゾナゾは、中平に頼まれて和泉が考えたものであると伝えられる。
English: It is also said that when she acted like a baby by requesting Nakahira buy an American doll sold at the Takashimaya Department Store, he actually bought it.
Japanese: 中平に高島屋で売っているアメリカ製のお人形を買ってくれと駄々をこねたら買ってきてくれたこともあったそうだ。
English: She said she watched all Nakahira's films at the theater and especially watched "Yabai Koto nara Zeni ni naru" even at the fourth and the fifth run theater.
Japanese: 中平の映画も全て観に行ったと語っており、特に『危いことなら銭になる』は四番館、五番館まで観に行ったという。
English: In addition, Izumi often called Nakahira 'a genius' or 'a special genius' who had enough talent to work in Hollywood and said she respected him.
Japanese: また和泉は事ある毎に中平のことを、ハリウッドに行っても通用したくらいの才能ある「天才」、「ド天才」等と称して、彼を尊敬していると語る。
English: Moreover, Izumi said she could feel and understand what Nakahira thought.
Japanese: また和泉としても中平の頭の中は感覚的に体で分かっちゃう、という発言もしている。
English: It is especially interesting that she eagerly talked about Nakahira in an interview in the book; "Full review about Seijun Suzuki by KAWADE Yume Mook" (published by Kawade Shobo) although it was a book about Seijun SUZUKI.
Japanese: 特に『KAWADE夢ムック　総特集　鈴木清順』（河出書房出版）のインタビューにおいて、鈴木清順の本であるにも関わらず中平の話で盛り上がってしまっている、というのが面白い。
English: Nakahira was often disliked by people around him because he had a sharp tongue and hard request for performances at the time of staging, and seemed to be unpopular among actors.
Japanese: 中平は、思ったことをズバズバ言う辛辣さと演出時の厳しい要求とで周囲に毛嫌いされることが多く、俳優陣にもあまり人気がなかったようである。
English: However, he seemed to get along well with actresses such as Yumeji TSUKIOKA, Mie KITAHARA, Manami FUJI, Kazuko INANO, Mariko KAGA, Masako IZUMI and Shinako MINE, and appeared in some films.
Japanese: しかし、女優では、月丘夢路、北原三枝、冨士眞奈美、稲野和子、加賀まりこ、和泉雅子、峯品子などと馬が合ったようで作品にも数本出演している。
English: He praised the performances of Sanae NAKAHARA and Misako WATANABE and in addition, he liked Chikako HOSOKAWA and Teruko KISHI and had them appear in his works.
Japanese: 中原早苗、渡辺美佐子の演技を賞賛し、その他にも細川ちか子、岸輝子なども好んで作品によく出演させていた。
English: He especially seemed to favor the performance of Sanae NAKAHARA who could speak fast, so that she was the actress who appeared most often in Nakahira's films, that is, in the 11 films.
Japanese: 中でも早口でセリフを言える中原早苗の演技を特に気に入っていたようで、中平作品に11本も出演して最多出演俳優となった。
English: He not only appeared in many of his works, but also appeared in the Nakahira's last film "Hensokyoku" only as a picture and reading a line.
Japanese: 多数の作品に出演していた他、中平最後の映画となった『変奏曲』においてもスチル写真（止め画）とセリフのみの出演をしている。
English: He had a relationship with artists and novelists such as Yojiro ISHIZAKA and Rensaburo SHIBATA, and it is said that Junnosuke YOSHIYUKI, who was the writer of "Suna no ue no Shokubutsugun" (Plants on sand), was his drinking companion.
Japanese: 石坂洋次郎、柴田錬三郎など各界の芸術家、小説家などに交友関係があり、『砂の上の植物群』の原作者でもある吉行淳之介とは呑み友達であったと伝えられる。
English: There was a scene where Nakahira staged "Kurutta Kajitsu," in which he imposed difficult performances on Yujiro ISHIHARA (Satoru TOKUSHIGE) and was rejected by Yujiro on the contrary, which led to a volatile situation, and Makiko ISHIHARA (Yukie NAKAMA) stopped them.
Japanese: 『狂った果実』を演出するシーンがあり、石原裕次郎（徳重聡）に厳しい演出で無理難題を押し付けるが、逆に裕次郎から監督に「ダメ出し」をされて一触即発の状態となり、石原まき子（仲間由紀恵）が止めに入るという一幕も描かれた。
English: There was also a scene in a preview of the film, in which he got mad and left the preview room because there were complaints about his staging by Shintaro ISHIHARA (Tomoya NAGASE).
Japanese: 完成試写では石原慎太郎（長瀬智也）から自分の演出に対して意見され、激昂して試写室を立ち去った。
English: It was named this because he had the same name 'Ko' as a film director Ko SASAKI whose nickname was 'Zu' because he spoke Zu-zu-ben (a dialect in the Tohoku region) ("Biography of a Black Sheep Film Director "Ko NAKAHIRA" written by Mami NAKAHIRA, published by Wise Publishing, Inc).
Japanese: ズーズー弁を喋ることで「ズー」という愛称を持っていた佐々木康監督と同じ「康」という名前であった為（中平まみ著『ブラックシープ映画監督「中平康」伝』（ワイズ出版））。
English: It is said that he was such a posey and perverse fellow as he lived in a unique house which had a back door inside of the front gate and an entrance to the backyard although a common house had the entrance inside of the front gate ("Legends of Masters, Diary of a Film Reviewer in the Fields" written by Shozo ISHIZAKA, published by Sanichi Shobo).
Japanese: 目立ちたがり屋で、ヘソ曲がりの中平は、住んでいる家も常識破りの家で、普通、家は門を入ると玄関があるが、中平の家は門を入ると裏口があり、裏に回ると玄関がある、という不思議な一風変わった家であったと伝えられる（石坂昌三著『巨匠たちの伝説映画記者現場日記』三一書房）。
English: The pace of the story in Ko NAKAHIRA's films was extremely fast, but Nakahira said; 'My film is not too fast. The pace of other directors' films are slow' and that 'fast' or 'slow' pace depended on the nature of the whole film rather than the small cutting and editing ('Kinema Junpo' issued in early March, 1959).
Japanese: 中平康の映画のテンポの速さは群を抜いているが、中平自身は「私は速すぎない。他の監督の映画が遅いのだ」と言い、しかし「速い」、「遅い」と言っても、それはカット割りの細かさや編集によるものだけでなく、もっと映画全体の性質のことであると語っている（「キネマ旬報」昭和34年（1959年）3月上旬号）。
English: According to the December issue of 'Film Art' in 1978, Seijun SUZUKI often went to the preview of Nakahira's films.
Japanese: 昭和53年（1978年）「映画芸術」12月号によると、鈴木清順は中平作品の試写の時には、よく観に来ていたという証言もある。
English: In addition, Seijun SUZUKI contributed a memorial address titled 'A person who crashed' in the pamphlet and book at the time of 'Ko NAKAHIRA Retrospective' in 1999.
Japanese: また鈴木清順は平成11年（1999年）、「中平康レトロスペクティヴ」開催時のパンフレット兼一般書籍に「墜落者」と題した追悼文を寄稿している。
English: Nakahira, who loved chanson, wrote the words to the theme song of "Gaito" and made Teruo HATA sing it (composed by Masaru SATO).
Japanese: シャンソン好きの中平は、『街燈』の主題歌を自ら作詞して旗照夫に歌わせた（作曲は佐藤勝）。
English: In addition, the theme song of "Wakakute Warukute Sugoi Koitsura" written by Shuntaro TANIGAWA (sung by Hideki TAKAHASHI - an actor) is now legendary with its desperate and sidesplitting words.
Japanese: また『若くて悪くてすごいこいつら』における谷川俊太郎作詞の主題歌（歌：高橋英樹(俳優)）は、その破れかぶれで抱腹絶倒の詞によって今や伝説的。
English: Moreover, Nakahira wrote the words of the theme song for "Kuroi Tobakushi Akuma no Hidarite," in which the meaningless word 'Jordania' was shouted repeatedly, and which is famous for the melancholy voice of Akira KOBAYASHI.
Japanese: また中平は『黒い賭博師悪魔の左手』でも主題歌を作詞しており、その詩は「ジョルダニア」という意味不明の言葉を連呼するもので、小林旭の哀愁を帯びた歌声によって知られる。
English: According to Nakahira's essay, "Ero Gro Nonsense Kojin ni Misetakatta Eiga" (Erotic and grotesque nonsense: the films I wanted to show the people in the past) he was an ardent fan of science fiction and read almost all of the mysteries and SF series published by Hayakawa Shobo.
Japanese: 中平によるエッセイ『エロ・グロ・ナンセンス故人に見せたかった映画』によると、実は相当なサイエンス・フィクションファンであると語り、早川書房から出たミステリやSFシリーズは殆ど読んでいたという。
English: But he did not like what you call the authentic science fiction and favored those such as; 'the collection of short stories of unique writers,' and among the SF films he praised "Barbarella" highly and wrote that 'I wish the late Yuzo KAWASHIMA could have seen it' ('Film Art' issued on November in 1968).
Japanese: しかし、いわゆる本格派は嫌いで「異色作家短編集」のようなものを好み、SF映画では『バーバレラ』を手放しで絶賛、「故川島雄三先生に観てもらいたかった」と書いている（「映画芸術」昭和43年（1968年）11月号）。
English: The three works at the Shaw Brothers except "Hiten Joro," that is, "Tokkei 009" (Interpol), "Summer Heat" and "Hunter," were made into Digital Versatile Disc in Hong Kong later.
Japanese: ショウ・ブラザーズ作品は、後に香港にて『飛天女郎』を除く3作品『特警009』、『狂戀詩』、『獵人』がDVD化された。
English: At first, his debut film was planned to be neither "Nerawareta Otoko" nor "Kurutta Kajitsu" but 'Ka chan' (Mother) written by Shugoro YAMAMOTO.
Japanese: 本当はデビュー作は『狙われた男』でも『狂った果実』でもなく、山本周五郎原作の「かあちゃん」になる筈だった。
English: Nakahira himself hoped to make it into a film and the company allowed him to make it on the condition that Kinuyo TANAKA would play the lead, but it was not realized.
Japanese: 中平自身が映画化を希望したものだが、会社側は田中絹代が主演するなら撮らせる、という条件を出していたが実現しなかった。
English: Ka chan' was later made into a film in 2001 by Kon ICHIKAWA, who was a film director of the modern school as well as Nakahira, starring Keiko KISHI ('Kinema Junpo' Spring special edition in 1962).
Japanese: 「かあちゃん」は後に、同じモダン派・市川崑が平成13年（2001年）に岸惠子主演で映画化した（「キネマ旬報」昭和37年（1962年）春の特大号）。
English: Among his works Nakahira especially loved "Kurutta Kajitsu," "Gaito," "Yuwaku," "Kurenai no tsubasa" (Crimson Wings), "Saijo Katagi," and so on.
Japanese: 中平が自作の中で特に気に入っていたものは、『狂った果実』、『街燈』、『誘惑』、『紅の翼』、『才女気質』など。
English: Around 1970, he managed a curry restaurant named 'Curry house Java,' in Waseda ("Nikkatsu Action Buraicho" written by Tadaaki YAMAZAKI).
Japanese: 1970年ごろには、早稲田で「カレーハウス・ジャワ」というカレー屋を開いていた（『日活アクション無頼帖』山崎忠昭）。
English: Sokin (year of birth unknown - 1455) was a merchant in Hakata in the mid-Muromachi Period.
Japanese: 宗金（そうきん、生年不詳-1455年（康正元年））は、室町時代中期の博多の大商人である。
English: He was active in trade with the Ming Dynasty in China and the Yi Dynasty in Korea, firstly under the Kyushu Tandai (local commissioner) Mitsuyori SHIBUKAWA, and then under the Otomo clan.
Japanese: 初めは九州探題渋川満頼、その後大友氏の配下で明や李氏朝鮮との貿易で活躍した。、
English: In 1419, he received and entertained Song Gik-yeong, the delegate dispatched from the Yi Dynasty in Korea after the foreign invasion of the Oei Era, and accompanied him to Kyoto to play a reconciliatory role between him and Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 1419年（応永26年）の応永の外寇後に訪れた李氏朝鮮の使者宋希璟を接待し、共に京へと赴いて幕府との仲介役を果たした。
English: As an envoy of the sixth seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of Muromachi bakufu, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, as well as of other feudal clans, such as the Shiba clan, Shibukawa clan, Otomo clan, and Shoni clan, he worked as the representative in trade with Korea, and in 1425 he was granted special privileges in trading (Tosho), which was the sign of trade permission with Korea, and was appointed as Jutoshonin (Japanese given Korean government evidence to be granted special privileges in trading).
Japanese: 室町幕府6代征夷大将軍足利義教や斯波氏・渋川氏・大友氏・少弐氏などの使節として朝鮮貿易を代行し、1425年（応永32年）には朝鮮から貿易を許す印である図書を与えられ、受図書人となった。
English: When Emperor Munjong (Korea) ascended to the Throne (1450) as the 5th Emperor of the Yi Dynasty in Korea, he hastened to visit Korea to celebrate the enthronement.
Japanese: 文宗(朝鮮王)が李氏朝鮮第5代国王に即位（1450年）した際には祝いに駆けつけている。
English: It is said that he was a Buddhist monk of Myoraku-ji Temple (Fukuoka City) and a monk of the same name appears in the diary of Kugyo (Court noble) Noritoki YAMASHINA, "Noritoki Kyo Ki" (diary of Noritoki YAMASHINA).
Japanese: 妙楽寺(福岡市)の僧であったと言われており、公卿山科教言の日記『教言卿記』にも同名の僧が登場するという。
English: Eshinni (1182 - 1268?) was a woman in the Kamakura period and was a wife of Shinran, the founder of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism).
Japanese: 恵信尼（えしんに、寿永元年（1182年）-文永5年（1268年）？）は、鎌倉時代の人物で、浄土真宗の宗祖とされる僧・親鸞の妻である。
English: These views include one that asserts Shinran married her after he was banished to Echigo in 1207, while another asserts he married her before being banished, and one that asserts he remarried her in Echigo.
Japanese: 越後に流罪となった1207年（承元元年）以後に結婚した説と、それ以前に結婚していたとの説、越後での再婚説などがある。
English: While much of their marriage including the timing is unknown, it is presumed from the fact that she was a woman belonging to the Miyoshi clan in Echigo, that Eshinni married Shinran in order to take care of his daily life after he was banished to Echigo.
Japanese: 時期などを不明な点が多いが、恵信尼は越後三善氏の娘であるため、親鸞が越後配流になった際に身の回りの世話をするために結婚したと推定される。
English: With Shinran, she had seven children, four of them were boys and three of them were girls (Hani <Inshin> Koguro nyobo, Zenran, Myoshin <Shinrenbo KURISAWA>, Arifusa <Masukata Taifu Nyudo>, Koya zenni and Kakushinni).
Japanese: 親鸞との間に、4男3女（範意〈印信〉小黒女房・善鸞・明信〈栗沢信蓮房〉・有房〈益方大夫入道〉・高野禅尼・覚信尼）の7子をもうける。
English: The second view asserts that she went to Kyoto with Shinran, stayed there with him for about 20 years and eventually returned to Echigo asking Kakushinni, her youngest daughter, to take care of Shinran in 1256.
Japanese: 京都に同行し約20年ともに暮らし、康元元年（1256年）に、親鸞の世話を末娘の覚信尼に任せて、越後に帰っていたする説。
English: The third view asserts that she remained at 'Sainen-ji Temple' (Kasama City), which was a base of propagation in Kanto, and died in Kanto (temple history of Sainen-ji Temple).
Japanese: 関東での拠点であった「西念寺(笠間市)」に残り、関東で没した説（西念寺寺伝)。
English: In 1262 when Shinran died in Kyoto, she went into mourning in Echigo.
Japanese: 弘長2年（1262年）に親鸞が京都で没した際には、越後で中陰に服している。
English: The letter, 'Eshinni Shosoku' was found at the treasure repository of Nishi Hongan-ji Temple in 1921.
Japanese: 「恵信尼消息」は、大正10年（1921年）に西本願寺の宝物庫から発見される。
English: Judging from the fact that she wrote letters, it can be presumed that she was a woman who stood on a high intellectual level compared with ordinary women at the time.
Japanese: 当時の女性が、消息をしたためるという事実から、かなりの教養があった女性であると推定できる。
English: Kakushinni (1224 - December 21, 1283?) was the youngest daughter of Shinran, the founder of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) who was active in the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 覚信尼（かくしんに、元仁元年（1224年）-弘安6年11月24日(旧暦)（1283年12月14日）?）は、鎌倉時代浄土真宗の祖親鸞の末娘。
English: She married Hirotsuna HINO and gave birth to Kakue and Kogyokuni, but after the death of Hirotsuna, she remarried Zennen ONOMIYA and gave birth to Yuizen.
Japanese: 日野広綱に嫁して覚恵・光玉尼を出産したが、広綱の没後、小野宮禅念と再婚して唯善を生んだ。
English: When Shinran returned to Kyoto, she followed him, in lieu of her mother Eshunni, in order to take care of Shinran.
Japanese: 父親鸞が帰京する際に母恵信尼に替わって上京して、親鸞の世話をすることになる。
English: As she supported Shinran's propagation activities throughout his life, she became, after Shinran's death, the organizer of propagation activities conducted by Shinran's disciples.
Japanese: その後はずっと親鸞の布教を支えてきたため、親鸞没後は弟子達の布教に際してのまとめ役となった。
English: With the help of Kenchi, Shinran's direct disciple, she constructed a mausoleum at Higashiyama Otani of Kyoto, assumed a position of Rusushiki (custodian or caretaker of Shinran's Mausoleum at Otani) and laid the foundation of Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 直弟子顕智らの協力を得て、京都東山大谷に廟堂を建立して、自らは留守職となって、本願寺の基礎を築いた。
English: He seems to have been a leader of the Jige Rengashi (linked-verse poets of lower class nobles) such as Gusai (Rengashi) and Junkaku.
Japanese: 救済(連歌師)（ぐさい）・順覚などの地下（じげ）の連歌師の指導者であったようである。
English: Zenna's verse style, which followed the theme of 'Manyoshu' (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves), was considered old-fashioned, and Gusai, his disciple and a leader of the next generation of Renga poets, did not acknowledge it.
Japanese: 善阿の句風は「万葉集」を基調としていたことから古風と評され、次の時代の連歌師指導者で門弟であった救済には受け入れられなかった。
English: Zenran (1217-April 1, 1286) was a monk of Jodo shin shu (True Pure Land Buddhist Sect) during the mid-Kamakura Period.
Japanese: 善鸞（ぜんらん、建保5年（1217年）？-弘安9年3月6日(旧暦)（1286年4月1日）？）は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土真宗の僧。
English: There were theories that his birth year was 1210 and his death year 1292, and if it was true, then he was born in Echigo where Shinran was exiled to.
Japanese: 生年は承元4年（1210年）、没年は正応5年（1292年）とする説もあり、そうであれば親鸞配流地の越後で生まれたことになる。
English: When his father Shinran returned to Kyoto from the propagation in the Kanto region, Zenran was dispatched to Kanto in order to quell the disturbance within the religious disciples in Kanto.
Japanese: 父親鸞が関東布教から京都に戻った後、関東における門弟たちの信仰上の動揺を鎮めるために、善鸞が関東へ派遣された。
English: However, Zenran became inclined toward Senju kenzen (the doctrine that do good deeds besides prayers) which was considered to be heresy at that time and led to an incident when he tried to make himself as the living Buddha, and only the doctrine of Senju kenzen which he initiated secretly at midnight there was claimed to be correct.
Japanese: しかし善鸞は、邪義とされた「専修賢善」（せんじゅけんぜん）に傾き、善鸞を生き仏とみなして、深夜現地でひそかに善鸞に伝授された法門教義の方が正統であると訴えたため、異義異端事件となった。
English: As a result, he was disowned by his father with the letter Shinran wrote on June 30, 1256.
Japanese: その結果、建長8年（1256年）5月29日(旧暦)付けの親鸞書状により、義絶された。
English: He later continued to devote himself to missionary work around Kanto as the fushuku (ancient priest) or kalyaana-mitra (one who offered spiritual friendship and guidance that was non-directive, non-denominational, and non-religious).
Japanese: その後、彼は巫祝（ふしゅく）もしくは善知識として関東を中心に布教活動を続けた。
English: His teachings passed down in the Tohoku region as hidden nenbutsu (Buddhist prayer) as witching, spiritual usage, and sorcery of Jodo shin shu, and some religious schools such as Shinshu Sanmonto (the three disciples of the Pure Buddhist Sect) counted Zenran as the second Jodo shin shu.
Japanese: その教えは浄土真宗の呪術的異教である隠し念仏として東北地方などで後世に伝えられ、真宗三門徒派など宗派によっては善鸞を浄土真宗2世に数えているところもある。
English: Soi (year of birth unknown - 1094) was a monk and a waka poet who was active from the middle to the end of Heian period.
Japanese: 素意（そい、生年不詳-嘉保元年（1094年））は、平安時代中期から後期にかけての僧・歌人。
English: He became a monk in 1064 and moved to Tonomine in Yamato Province in 1071.
Japanese: 1064年（康平7年）に出家し、1071年（延久3年）大和国多武峰に移っている。
English: TACHIBANA no Tamenaka (about 1014 - November 17, 1085) was a court noble and a waka poet in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 橘為仲（たちばなのためなか、長和3年（1014年）頃-応徳2年10月21日(旧暦)（1085年11月11日））は、平安時代後期の公家・歌人。
English: He was one of Waka Rokuninto (Six Waka Poet Group) and was a brother of TACHIBANA no Yoshikiyo, who was also one of Waka Rokuninto.
Japanese: 和歌六人党の一人で、同じく六人党の一人に数えられることもある橘義清の兄弟。
English: After holding various posts such as goi no kurodo (the 5th keeper of imperial archives), Echigo no kuni no kami (Governor of Echigo Province) and Mutsu no kuni no kami (Governor of Mutsu Province), he finally promoted to Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) Taikotaigushiki (the grand empress dowager's household) and from such career, he is reckoned one of Zuryo (the head of provincial government) waka poets.
Japanese: 五位蔵人・越後国守・陸奥国守などの国守を歴任した後、正四位下太皇太后宮職に至った、いわゆる受領歌人の一人である。
English: "TACHIBANA no Tamenaka Ason shu" (Tamenaka shu) is his anthology and "TACHIBANA no Tamenaka ki" (lost) is his diary.
Japanese: 家集に『橘為仲朝臣集』（『為仲集』）があり、他に日記『橘為仲記』（散逸）があった。
English: TSUMORI no Kunimoto (1023 - August 29, 1102) was a waka poet in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 津守国基（つもりのくにもと、治安(元号)3年（1023年）-康和4年7月7日(旧暦)（1102年7月28日））は、平安時代後期の歌人。