nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Alternatively it is altered from being made of a base of soy bean and rice miso to being made by combining seasonings (kelp and bonito flake stock).
Japanese: およびそこから転じて豆味噌をベースに米味噌、調味料（コンブや鰹節の出汁など）を配合した調合味噌。
English: By decreasing the proportion of soy bean miso and increasing the rice miso it is called by a different name 'awase miso' (blended miso).
Japanese: 豆味噌の割合が減り、米味噌の割合が増えると「合せ味噌」など呼び方が変わる。
English: Actually, most of the miso soup eaten in the Nagoya region is called 'Akadashi.'
Japanese: 実は名古屋圏で飲まれている赤い味噌汁の多くは赤だしであるとも言われる。
English: A fukusa is made with silk or crepe in single or double layer and either plain or with embroidery of good omens.
Japanese: 絹、ちりめんなどで一重または表裏二重に作り、無地や吉祥柄などの刺繍を施したもの。
English: A ceremonial square piece of silk cloth used to wrap things (called tsutsumi-fukusa) or to cover over gift (kake-fukusa).
Japanese: 物を包んだり（包み袱紗）、進物の上に掛けたりする（掛け袱紗）方形の儀礼用絹布。
English: A piece of silk cloth of about 27.27cm x 28.79cm in size to wipe and clean tea utensils and to be used with tea cups and other wares at a tea ceremony.
Japanese: 茶道で茶道具を拭い清めたり、茶碗その他の器物を扱うのに用いるおよそ縦9寸、横9寸5分の絹布。
English: A fukusa is a square piece of cloth to wrap or cover a gift of money.
Japanese: 袱紗（ふくさ）とは贈り物の金品などを包んだり、覆うのに使用する方形の布である。
English: A fukusa is originally a furoshiki (wrapping cloth) to cover a box in which precious things are stored.
Japanese: 袱紗は元々は貴重品などが収蔵された箱上に掛けられていた風呂敷である。
English: This furoshiki came to be used to prevent gifts from becoming dirty during transportation or faded by sun and changed from a single cloth to be a lined silk cloth with tassels called kamebusa (a turtle-shaped knot).
Japanese: その風呂敷が贈答品を運ぶ時の汚れや日焼け防止として用いられるようになり1枚の布地から裏地付きの絹製で四方に亀房と呼ばれる房付きのものに変わった。
English: It came to be used with hirobuta (a black-lacquered tray) by courtesy and to show care to send monetary gifts for events of congratulations and condolences.
Japanese: 慶弔行事の金品を贈る時の儀礼や心使いとして広蓋（黒塗りの盆）と併せて用いられるようになった。
English: A fukusa prevents damage to mizuhiki (decorative Japanese cord made from twisted paper) of a noshi envelope or prevents the envelope from wrinkling, and shows respect for the receiver's feeling and ritual events as well as empathy to share joy and sadness.
Japanese: 熨斗袋の水引がくずれたり袋が皺になることを防ぐ事や先方の心中や祭礼を重んじ、喜びや悲しみを共にする気持ちを表している。
English: It is also said to be a form of sensitive caring to enclose the gift with a noshi envelope and wrap it with fukusa.
Japanese: 熨斗袋で金封した上でなおかつ袱紗で包むという肌理細やかな心使いともといわれる。
English: In general, a fukusa is a piece of square cloth of crepe or silk smaller than a furoshiki and used to wrap smaller things than a furoshiki.
Japanese: 袱紗は一般にちりめんや絹製の風呂敷より小さく包む対象も小さい正方形の布である。
English: Today a fukusa is used to wrap noshi envelope (shugibukuro [special envelope for momentary gifts] or bushugibukuro [special envelope for momentary gifts as condolences] at ceremonial occasions.
Japanese: 現在では冠婚葬祭において、熨斗袋（祝儀袋・不祝儀袋）を包むのに使用されるなどに使用される。
English: Open the fukusa in front of the receiver and take out the kinpu (envelope for monetary gifts), and place it on the board removed from the fukusa (as a replacement of a tray), then offer it to the receiver.
Japanese: 先方の目前で袱紗を開いて金封を取り出し袱紗から外した台（盆の代用）の上に金封を乗せて差し出す。
English: The kinpu has to be placed in the right direction to the receiver (with the bottom of kinpu to the receiver) and has to be slid on the board to be offered.
Japanese: 金封は必ず先方に向けて（金封の下部を先方に向ける）台を滑らすようにして差し出す。
English: The board of a fukusa is different in color on each side so that it can be used both for congratulations and condolences.
Japanese: 台は両面が色違いになっていて祝い事とお悔やみ事に使い分けられるようになっている。
English: Red side is used for congratulations and green for condolences.
Japanese: お祝い事の場合は赤色を表になるようにお悔やみ事の場合は緑色が表になるようにする。
English: The emperor's dissolution rescript is carried to the chairman of House of Representative by the secretary-general, wrapped in a purple fukusa on a black lacquered tray.
Japanese: 天皇による解散詔書は紫の袱紗に包み黒の漆塗りの盆に乗せられ、事務総長によって衆議院議長のもとへ運ばれる。
English: When wrapping a noshi envelope, wrap migimae (left side tucked under the right) for congratulations such as wedding, and wrap hidarimae (right side tucked under the left) for sad occasions such as funeral.
Japanese: 熨斗袋を包む場合は結婚式などの慶事には右前に包み、葬儀など弔事には左前に包む。
English: - Place the shugibukuro in the center a little to the left of fukusa, and fold the left corner, then up, bottom, and finally the right corners to the back (you will see small triangles in the upper left and lower left).
Japanese: -祝儀袋を中心より少し左の方へ寄せておき左側を中に折り込み上側をたたみ、次に下側をたたみ右側を折り裏へ折り返す（左の上下に小さく三角形ができる）。
English: - Place the bushugibukuro in the center a little to the right of fukusa, and fold the right corner, then bottom, up, and the left corners to the back (you will see small triangles in the upper right and lower right).
Japanese: -不祝儀袋を中心より少し右の方へ寄せておき右側を中に折り込み下側をたたみ、次に上側をたたみ左側を折り裏へ折り返す（右の上下に小さく三角形ができる）。
English: Shobuyu is the bathwater heated with iris roots and leaves in it on Tango no Sekku (Boys' Day) of May 5.
Japanese: 菖蒲湯（しょうぶゆ）とは5月5日の端午の節句の日に、ショウブの根や葉を入れて沸かす風呂のことである。
English: Although shobu (iris) is linked to 'shobu' (win or lose) and 'shobu' (martial spirits), it is originally a medical herb.
Japanese: ショウブは「勝負」や「尚武」につながるともいうが、元来は薬草である。
English: It is believed that medical herbs have a magical sense and wearing them is good for health as the saying 'fukuyaku' (taking medicine).
Japanese: 「服薬」の語があるように薬草には呪術的意味があり、身におびるとよいとされた。
English: Most of the dyes such as ai (indigo plant), akane (madder) and kihada (Amur cork tree) are medical herbs.
Japanese: アイ(植物)・アカネ・キハダ(植物)などの染料はほとんどが薬草である。
English: Therefore, shobuyu means taking a hot bath with a medical herb as a folk remedy.
Japanese: したがって菖蒲湯は薬草を入れた温水浴としての民間医療行為としての意味がある。
English: Chaya,' or teahouses were common from the middle ages through to recent times as a type of rest area in Japan.
Japanese: 茶屋（ちゃや）は、日本において中世から近代にかけて一般的であった、休憩所の一形態。
English: Teahouses developed as retail venues that supported areas and, provided a place to drink teat and eat Japanese traditional snacks.
Japanese: 場所を提供するとともに、注文に応じて茶や和菓子を飲み食いさせる店舗として発達した。
English: In present day Japanese society, teashops are a source of nostalgia and, abroad are a symbol of the Japanese spirit.
Japanese: 現代の日本社会において茶屋はノスタルジアの対象であり、海外にあっては日本情緒の象徴の一つである。
English: For this reason, since they have been used mainly for tourism, there has been a revival in some tea shops and many used as tourist facilities.
Japanese: そのため、観光を主とした演出上の目的から、これを再現した店舗および観光施設は数多く存在する。
English: In the days when transportation was limited to walking, teahouses were seen around inn towns, mountain passes and thereabouts.
Japanese: 交通手段が徒歩に限られていた時代には、宿場および峠やその前後で見られた。
English: Such venues were called 'mizujaya' (public teahouses) or 'kakejaya' (refreshment shops), and were designated rest stops along the major highways.
Japanese: これらを「水茶屋」「掛け茶屋」と言い、街道筋の所定の休憩所であった。
English: In Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU's a love suicide story ' Shinju Kasane Izutsu' there were shops that also sold services of a sexual nature and were called 'irojaya' (literally, 'colored tea houses').
Japanese: 近松門左衛門の心中物『心中重井筒』などに出てくるような性風俗を売り物にする店は、当時「色茶屋」と呼ばれている。
English: Even besides this, there were various names used for the range of tea house operations: 'hikitejaya' (a teahouse where customers were entertained until they were taken to see the high-ranking courtesan), 'machiai-jaya' (tea house to lend seats and tables, or rooms), 'deaijaya' (a meeting tea-house), 'sumo-jaya' (sumo teahouse), 'ryorijaya' (restaurant) etc.
Japanese: このほかにも、「引手茶屋」「待合茶屋」「出会茶屋」「相撲茶屋」「料理茶屋」など、様々な名称の様々な営業形態の茶屋があった。
English: Amongst the 'ryorijaya' teahouses, there are establishments that were established in the Edo period and still operate as Japanese restaurants to this day.
Japanese: 料理茶屋の中には、江戸時代に創業して現在も料亭として営業している店もある。
English: In present day Japan, they mainly operate in sight seeing areas and places of scenic beauty and, in many cases also sell gifts and souvenirs.
Japanese: 現代の日本では、主に観光地や名勝で営業しており、土産屋を兼業している場合も多い。
English: Besides them, the word 'chaya' is prominent amongst a number of restaurants as it is a word in a business name that evokes as sense of nostalgia amongst modern day Japanese.
Japanese: そのほか、「茶屋」という言葉が現代日本人に与える郷愁のイメージを屋号に採り入れ、「○○茶屋」とする飲食店も目立つ。
English: Pictures of teahouses can be seen in a number of scenic wood block prints depicting famous places.
Japanese: 名所絵（浮世絵による風景画）の中には茶屋を描いたものがいくつか見える。
English: In minimalistic works a simple teahouse is used whereas, there are examples where use of a grand teahouse conveys a feeling of a greater degree of prosperity.
Japanese: 最低限の物しか置いていない簡素な出茶屋もあれば、いかにも繁盛している様子の大きな茶屋もある。
English: Initially it was a teahouse located at a rest stop along a steep mountain pass road but, as a shop it managed to prosper to a large degree.
Japanese: 初めは峠道の険しさから切実に求められた立場茶屋であったろうものが、店としてずいぶん賑わって見える。
English: Chayamachi (Umeda Hankyu area: Shinbata 1-chome/Chayamachi/Kakudacho), Chayamachi Okayama Prefecture (Kurashiki City)
Japanese: 茶屋町（梅田阪急地区（芝田一丁目・茶屋町・角田町）、岡山県茶屋町(倉敷市)）
English: Yugake, also referred as Kake, Sho is a deerskin glove-like gear for drawing Japanese bow used in Japanese kyudo (Japanese art of archery) or the art of Japanese archery.
Japanese: 弽（ゆがけ、かけ、しょう）は日本の弓道・弓術に於いて使用される和弓を引くための道具で、鹿革製の手袋状のもの。
English: In principle, they grip the bow with the left hand and wear a yugake on the right hand and draw a bow by putting the string on the base of the right hand thumb, at this moment the yugake protects the thumb from the string.
Japanese: 原則として弓は左手、弽（ユガケ）は右手に嵌め、弦は親指根に掛けて弓を引くが、その際弦から右手親指を保護する為に使う。
English: Yugake is the gear which uniquely developed with Japanese way of shooting that had applied the way of setting of 'Menggu' (Mongol) style (right figure. 3) where a bow was drawn with a thumb since Japanese bow appeared and improved repeatedly with the changes of schools in successive periods, shajutsu (technique to shoot a bow) or yumiire(or kyusha, ceremonial shooting) and have become a present form.
Japanese: ユガケは和弓の登場時から親指に弦を掛け弓を引く「蒙古式（右図Fig.3）」の取り掛けをする日本の射法に合わせて独自に発展した道具であり、時代毎の流派や射術、弓射のあり方の変遷に伴いユガケもその時代毎に改良が重ねられ、現在の形に至る。
English: The yugake which is used today is different from the one used by samurais in Japan in the basic structure, and in general, the one which is called mitsugake (three-fingered shooting glove) or yotsugake (four-fingered shooting glove), the thumb (boshi, a part of a yugake glove covering a thumb) and the wrist (hikae) are reinforced are used.
Japanese: 今日使われているユガケは日本に武士が使用していたユガケとは基本的な作りから異なり、一般的には三ツガケ、或は四ツガケと呼ばれる親指（帽子）と手首（控え）が固めてあるものが使用されるている。
English: In principle, as basic manners, "sitting straight when we put a yugake on or off," or "always take a yugake off when we do anything except for kyusha."
Japanese: 原則として『正座をしてユガケを挿す・外す』『弓射以外の作業を行う際は必ずユガケを外す』事が基本的な作法である。
English: When wearing a yugake, they put on something like an underclothing, called 'shitagake' (cotton underglove), which is made from a thin material such as cotton and so on and the purpose of shitagake is to absorb a hand sweat and protect a yugake from the humidity, and when sweating on the hand, it is better to change it frequently.
Japanese: ユガケを挿す際、下に「下ガケ」と呼ばれる木綿等の薄い生地で出来た肌着のようなものを付けるが、これは手汗を吸い取り湿気からユガケを保護する為のもので、手汗を掻いた場合はこまめに取り替えるのが好ましい。
English: Mitsugake covers the thumb, the forefinger and the middle finger and yotsugake covers fingers from the thumb to the annular finger and it is equipped with a thimble-like wood (or a horn of water buffalo and so on) which is hollowed out, covering a whole of the thumb.
Japanese: 三ツガケは親指・人差指・中指、四ツガケは親指〜薬指までを覆い、親指には木（或は水牛等の角）を指筒状に刳り貫いたものが親指全体を覆うように仕込まれている。
English: Furthermore, as the part from the base of the thumb to the wrist is reinforced, the part has little degree of freedom for movement by twining kake himo (a leather strap for securing a yugake) and tightening the wrist when wearing a yugake.
Japanese: さらに親指根〜手首部分が固めてあり、ユガケを挿しカケ紐で手首を適度に巻き締めることにより、手首〜親指は動きの自由度が殆ど無くなる。
English: For this reason, it is difficult to grasp something and so on with a yugake on, and they have to take it off when doing things except for kyusha.
Japanese: この為ユガケを挿したままでは物を掴む等の行為が困難になるため、弓射以外の作業を行う際はユガケを外す事となっている。
English: Yugake has a shallow bump (tsurumakura, a part of a yugake glove to set a string) which is enough to set a string at the base of thumb, and they set a string this part and put the middle finger for mitsugake, or the annular finger for yotsugake on the tip of a thumb and add an appropriate twist to the wrist and then the string comes to be held.
Japanese: ユガケの親指根には弦が引っかかる程度の浅い段差（弦枕）が付けられており、ここに弦を掛け、三ツガケは中指、四ツガケなら薬指を親指先に掛け、手首に適度な捻りを加える事により弦は保持される。
English: As an anti-slip technique, they dust the middle finger to the forefinger, or from an annular finger to a forefinger and a thumb tip with 'giriko rosin powder' (pine resin is boiled down, dried and broken into powdered state) and make it fit in.
Japanese: 滑り止めに「ギリ粉（ぎりこ：松脂を煮詰めて乾燥、粉末状に砕いたもの）」を中指〜人指し指、或は薬指〜人指し指と親指先にまぶし、馴染ませて使用する。
English: In kyusha, the good or ill of making of a yugake is very important because it directly relates with the good or ill of shooting and the yugake which has long been used and fitted in the hand of a shooter can not be easily renewed.
Japanese: 弓射に於いて、ユガケの作りの善し悪しは行射の善し悪しに直接関わる極めて重要な要素であり、また、長年使い込まれ射手の手に馴染んだユガケはそう簡単に新調出来るものではない。
English: The well-made yugake is said to last whole life long if it is appropriately cared.
Japanese: 良い作りのユガケは適切な手入れを行っていれば一生涯持つと言われている。
English: For this reason, it is vital to treat the yugake with great care, and (without a linguistic ground) it is often said among kyudo-ka (those who do kyudo) that "kake, kae" (set, hook or place and change) is the word originated "kakegae no nai" (irreplaceable).
Japanese: これらの事からユガケは大切に扱う事が大事であるとされ、また（言語学的根拠に乏しいが）『カケ、変え』から転じて『掛け替えの無い…』という言葉の語源だと弓道家の間でしばしば言われている。
English: Inside of yugake's thumb, there is a hollowed out thimble-like wood or horn of water buffalo (generally called 'tsuno') and so on, and there is a cowhide in the hikae (wrist part) for reinforcement.
Japanese: ユガケの親指には指筒状に刳り貫かれた木、或は水牛等の角（総称して「角」と呼ばれる）が入り、控え（手首部分）には牛革が固めの為に入っている。
English: Reinforcing the thumb part by putting tsuno inside protects the thumb from a pressure of a string and decreases the burden of a wrist by reinforcing the hikae which gives a mechanical spring effect and yugake advantageously works when doing the "Kyudo-shaho hassetsu" (eight arts of shooting an arrow).
Japanese: 親指に角を入れ固める事によって、弦の圧力から親指を保護し、控えを固める事によって手首の負担を軽減、また控えによって機械的なバネの効果を持たせ“弓道射法八節”の際有利に働くようになっている。
English: This is because the deerskin is the most appropriate in flexibility, moisture absorbency, durability and fine texture which feels soft.
Japanese: これは柔軟性、吸湿性、耐久性、肌理が細かく肌触りが良い、という点から、鹿革が最も適している為である。
English: In rare cases, other leather is used for decorative purposes, but the leather originating from deerskin such as inden (tanned deerskin or sheepskin) and so on are used in many decorations.
Japanese: 稀に装飾目的で別の皮革が使用される場合もあるが、装飾に於いても多くは印伝等の鹿革由来のものが使われる。
English: This is tanned deerskin which is dyed brown by burning straws, smoking and tarring (kusube-zome, smoked dyeing), and by this, the leather has the effect of antibacterial and insect deterrent and is softened.
Japanese: これは鞣した鹿革を、藁を燃した煙で燻しヤニを付ける（燻染め）事によって茶色に染めたものだが、燻染めを施すことで防菌、防虫効果を高め、また皮革を柔らかくしている。
English: The stitching of yugake is very fine compared with general sewn products and especially the hand-stitching of yugakeshi or kakeshi (maker of yugake), who are masters, are extremely elaborate.
Japanese: ユガケの縫い目は一般的な縫製品に比べ非常に細かく、特に名人とされる弽師（ゆがけし・かけし）の手縫いは精緻を極める。
English: Deerskin is graded into 'oto quality,' 'chuto quality,' 'koto quality' and 'chibikoto quality' by the age of deer such as oto one from adult deer and koto one from young deer.
Japanese: 鹿革には「大唐（おおとう）」「中唐（ちゅうとう）」「小唐（ことう）」「チビ小唐（ちびことう）」といったグレード分けがされており、大唐は大人、小唐は子鹿と言ったように鹿の年齢からなる。
English: As the texture of young leather is finer and softer, they are the most appropriate for a yugake, but expensive.
Japanese: 若い皮革の方が肌理が細かく柔らかいためユガケには最適だが、高価である。
English: Only one portion of deerskin for a yugake can be taken out from one deer because it is taken out from the best part which has the most appropriate thickness and texture and has no scars and so on.
Japanese: １枚の鹿の皮革の中で最適な厚みや肌理、傷の有無等一番良い所から皮革を取るため、鹿一頭からはユガケ１つ分の皮革しか取れない。
English: At present Japanese deer are protected as natural treasures and thus all the deerskin is imported from foreign countries such as China and so on, but recently the number of deer farming industries is decreasing because they are unprofitable and the future supply is under threat.
Japanese: 現在日本の鹿は天然記念物として保護されているため、鹿革は全て中国等外国からの輸入品であるが、近年養鹿業は採算が合わないとして数が減りつつあり、将来的な供給が危ぶまれている。
English: Tsuno' (a core material which is a thimble-like wood or horn of water buffalo and so on, which is hollowed out) is put inside of boshi (thumb), and the tip of thumb covered with it has no degree of freedom.
Japanese: 帽子（親指）に「角（木、或は水牛等の角を指筒状に刳り貫いた芯材）」が仕込まれており、それに覆われた親指先の自由度は全くない。
English: As there are no direct pressure of a string and little strain on a thumb, it is appropriate for shooting lots of arrows.
Japanese: 弦の圧力が親指に直接掛かる事が無く親指への負担が少ない為、矢数を掛ける事に適している。
English: The base part of the thumb has a bump (tsurumakura) and the form of tsurumakura is a very important part, since it affects shooting and the movement of a flying arrow.
Japanese: 親指根部分に弦を掛ける段差（弦枕）があり、弦枕の形状は射の運行、矢の飛び方に関わる極めて重要な部分。
English: Kataboshi with hikae' which reinforces the parts from a boshi to a hikae is now the most common structure and called 'hongake' (an ordinary yugake shooting glove).
Japanese: 帽子から控えまで固めた「堅帽子・控え付き」が現在最も一般的な作りで、「本ガケ」とも呼ばれる。
English: The boshi (thumb) has no tsuno inside to be reinforced, and there is just more than two sheets of leather on it.
Japanese: 帽子（親指）に固めの為の角が入っておらず、皮革が２枚以上重ねてあるのみである。
English: That is why a thumb can move freely and is said to be advantageous in "Kyudo-shaho hassetsu" (eight arts of shooting an arrow) because there is no extra resistance against a thumb.
Japanese: このため親指の自由が効き“弓道射法八節”の際に余分な抵抗が無いため有利であるとされる。
English: Mitsugake without yawaraka boshi and hikae is sometimes used when a beginner starts to draw a bow or when an amateur experimentally does so because the feel of setting a string is easy and the wrist can move freely.
Japanese: 柔帽子・控え無しの三ツガケは、弦を掛ける感触が掴み易く且つ手首が自由な事から、初心者が弓を引き始める頃、または未経験者が体験的に弓を引く際に使わせる事もある。
English: It has the oldest history in the yugake for kyudo and is structurally similar to the yugake used by samurais.
Japanese: 弓道用のユガケの中では最も歴史が古く、武士が使っていたユガケに近い作りをしている。
English: The structure is the one seen irrespective of yawarakaboshi or kataboshi and by reinforcing hikae, the part from wrist to thumb cannot move freely and is likely to stabilize.
Japanese: 柔帽子、堅帽子の別なく見られる造りの一種で、控えを固める事によって手首〜親指根の自由が無くなり手首が安定しやすい。
English: Kataboshi with hikae' is the most common structure and is also called 'hongake.'
Japanese: 「堅帽子・控え付き」が現在最も一般的な作りで、「本ガケ」とも呼ばれる。
English: In "Kyudo-shaho hassetsu" the reinfarcement by hikae works like a spring and promotes the flip-up of a thumb and do not prevent the movement of a string.
Japanese: “弓道射法八節”に於いて控えの固めがバネのように働き、親指の跳ね上げが促され弦の運行を妨げないとされる。
English: The structure is a kind which is seen irrespective of yawarakaboshi or kataboshi, and kataboshi has no wrist reinforcment, which makes the movement of a thumb relatively free, and the thumb unlikely interfere with the movement of a string in "Kyudo-shaho hassetsu."
Japanese: 柔帽子、堅帽子の別なく見られる造りの一種で、堅帽子では手首の固めが無い事から親指の動きが比較的自由になる為、“弓道射法八節”に於いて弦の運行を親指が邪魔し難いとされる。
English: Mitsugake' refers to kataboshi with a hikae and a beginner uses mitsugake at first.
Japanese: 「三ツガケ」と言えば堅帽子で控え付きのものを指し、初心者はまず三ツガケをあてがわれる。
English: Boshi has no tsuno inside to be reinforced, and the one without hikae is called 'yawarakaboshi' or 'waboshi', and the one where the back of the boshi is hollowed out is called 'fushinuki' to distinguish.
Japanese: 帽子に固めの角が入っておらず、控えが無いものを「柔帽子」或は「和帽子」、帽子の背の部分を刳り抜いてあるものを「節抜き」と呼び、区別している。
English: It is considered that torikake (nocking on with the right hand) is easier than mitsugake since a string is hooked by the annular finger, the middle finger, the forefinger and the thumb.
Japanese: 薬指から親指に掛ける為、三ツガケより取り掛け（弦の保持）が楽であるとされる。
English: The tip of a thumb and ball of a middle finger which a string touches are patched with a leather, and it is a unique making overall.
Japanese: 親指先、中指の腹の取り掛けの際に接触する部分に当て皮革がされており、全体的に独特な作りとなっている。
English: As it is made soft, 'kohimo' (a thin strap) is put around a thumb and the strap is tightened to assist the movement of a boshi in "Kyudo-shaho hassetsu."
Japanese: 柔らかく作られている為、“弓道射法八節”に於ける帽子の働きを助ける為に「小紐」を一回り親指に絡めてカケ紐を締める。
English: The way of setting a string depends on the users (those who have originally used three fingers use a mitsugke and those who have originally used four fingers use a yotsugake, naturally, the former and the latter are different in the angle and length of a boshi).
Japanese: 取り掛け方は、使用者によって変わる（元々三つを使用していた場合は三つの取り掛け、四つを使用していた場合は四つの取り掛けをし、当然、前者と後者で帽子の角度や長さも違う。）
English: Since hikae is not reinforced, 'kohimo' is twined around thumb once and tighten kake himo (a leather strap for securing a yugake) to assist the movement of boshi in "Kyudo-shaho hassetsu."
Japanese: 控えが固められていない為、“弓道射法八節”に於ける帽子の働きを助ける為に「小紐」を一回り親指に絡めてカケ紐を締める。
English: There is only a small leather pad on the base of thumb as its structure, it looks more likely a leather glove.
Japanese: 造りは右手親指根に当て革がされているだけであり、革手袋と言った方がイメージが近い。
English: As the name 'kisha' (to shoot an arrow with riding a horse) suggests, it is used in yabusame (horseback archery) and a thumb and a wrist are not reinforced because of holding the reins.
Japanese: 「騎射」の名の通り流鏑馬で使われ、手綱を取る為に親指、手首共に固めが入っていない。
English: To avoid dropping a bow in wartime, the bow and hand were loosely bonded by kusune (pine resin), which is the word originated "tegusune wo hiite matsu" (to wait in a ready state).
Japanese: 戦時は弓の落下を防ぐ為に左手に薬練を引いて弓と手を半接着していたが、この事が『手ぐすねを引いて待つ』という言葉の語源になっている。
English: There are various types such as the one covering only a thumb, the one covering a forefinger and a thumb, the one covering a whole hand and a wrist and so on.
Japanese: 親指のみ覆うもの、人差し指・親指を覆うもの、手首まで覆うもの、形状は様々ある。
English: It is an important part because it sets a string and receives pressure from the string, and affects the good or ill of shooting such as the angle at which the boshi is set, the thickness, the form and so on.
Japanese: 弦を掛け、弦の圧力を受ける部分で、帽子の取り付け角度、太さ、形状等、行射の善し悪しに関わる重要な部位である。
English: It is a thimble-like wood or horn of water buffalo and so on, which is hollowed out and set in the boshi part to protect the thumb from the pressure of the string.
Japanese: 弦からの圧力から親指を保護する目的で帽子部分に入れられる木、或は水牛等の角を指筒状に刳り貫いた芯材。
English: The yugake which has tsuno inside or boshi are called 'kataboshi,' and the yugake which does not have tsuno inside or boshi are called 'yawarakaboshi.'
Japanese: 角が入れられた造りのユガケ、或は帽子を「堅帽子」、角が入れられていないユガケ、或は帽子を「柔帽子」と呼ぶ。
English: Kataboshi has a thumbnail sized cowhide inside to make a bump where a string is set.
Japanese: 堅帽子は弦を掛ける段差を付ける為に親指の爪大程の牛革が入れられている。
English: The form, position, angle and the bump's height in tsurumakura are very important, and if the form is not good, the problems happen, for example, a bow cannot be drawn properly or an arrow cannot fly and so on.
Japanese: 弦枕の形状、位置、角度、段差の高低が極めて重要で、形が悪いとまともに弓が引けない、矢が飛ばない等の弊害が出る。
English: The right position and form vary according to the school, the ways of shooting and the intention of the shooters, and depending on the form and position, there are several kinds of gloves such as the glove whose shape is a cross, the oblique glove, the asagake shooting glove, the fukageke shooting glove and so on.
Japanese: 流派や射法、射手の志向によって正しい位置・形は一定ではなく、その形状や位置によって、十文字、筋交い、浅ガケ、深ガケ等数種類ある。
English: It consists of a sheet of deerskin and the wrist part has a margin for wrapping the wrist.
Japanese: 鹿革一枚からなり、手首部分は手首に巻けるよう巻きしろが取られている。
English: For mitsugake and yotsugake, one sheet of deerskin covers from the forefinger to the middle finger.
Japanese: 三ツガケ、四ツガケは人差し指、中指まで一枚に繋がった裁断がされている。
English: "Ichiju-issai" is one of the menu compositions of meals in Japan.
Japanese: 一汁一菜（いちじゅういっさい）とは、日本における食事の献立の構成の一つ。
English: The composition of 'ichiju-sansai' that has three dishes (one main dish + two side dishes) is also well known.
Japanese: おかずを3品（主菜1品+副菜2品）にした「一汁三菜」の構成も良く知られている。
English: The word ichiju-issai was used to mean 'a simple meal' (also called soshoku) comprising only one dish.
Japanese: 一汁一菜は、おかずが一品のみしかない「質素な食事（粗食）」の意味で用いられた言葉であった。