nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: According to the legend passed down at the Mikubi-jinja Shrine (literally, "Shrine of the Honored Head), Masakado's was felled by an arrow loosed by the god Hayato-shin, who is enshrined at the Nangu-taisha Shrine in Mino; Masakado was enshrined and worshipped as a god at the place where he fell, and the Mikubi-jinja Shrine was built in order to appease Masakado's anger and console his spirit so that his head would not return to the eastern provinces.
Japanese: 御首神社に伝わる話では将門の首は、美濃の地で南宮大社に祭られていた隼人神が放った矢によって射落されてしまう、落ちた場所に将門を神として崇め祀り、その首が再び東国に戻らないようにその怒りを鎮め霊を慰めるために御首神社が建てられたという。
English: When he became widely known at the end of Showa Period, appearing in Hiroshi ARAMATA's novel, "Teito Monogatari" (The tale of the Imperial Capital), which takes as its theme of the spiritual protectors of Tokyo, he became popular as the "Guardian Spirit of Tokyo" among many followers of the occult.
Japanese: 昭和の終り、東京の霊的守護をテーマに盛り込んだ荒俣宏の小説『帝都物語』で採り上げられるなどして広く知れ渡ると、「東京の守護神」として多くのオカルトファンの注目を集めるようになった。
English: Legend holds that Masakado had come to be referred to by the title Hinomoto Shogun TAIRA no Shinno at the time that the military epic, "Gen-pei Tojoroku," was completed, which is considered to have been written in 1337 at the latest.
Japanese: 遅くとも建武(日本)4年（1337年）には成立したと見られている軍記物語『源平闘諍録』以降、将門は日本将軍（ひのもとしょうぐん）平親王と称したという伝説が成立している。
English: According to this legend, Masakado conquered eight provinces with the gorisho (prayer answered) of Myoken Bosatsu, but because he had a cruel heart, paid no mind to what the gods might think, and had no fear of the Emperor's authority, Myoken Bosatsu crossed over to TAIRA no Yoshifumi's side, who was Masakado's uncle (an older brother of Masakado's father through adaption who was in actuality, younger brother of Masakado's father).
Japanese: この伝説によると将門は、妙見菩薩の御利生で八カ国を打ち随えたが、凶悪の心をかまえ神慮に憚らず帝威にも恐れなかったため、妙見菩薩は将門の伯父にして養子（実際には叔父）の平良文の元に渡ったとされる。
English: This legend was passed down in the Chiba clan, who claim to be descendants of Yoshifumi, and in particular, in the Soma clan, who ruled the territory of Soma-gun County (Shimosa Province), which, according to legend, was Masakado's home base.
Japanese: この伝説は、良文の子孫を称する千葉氏、特に伝説上将門の本拠地とされた相馬郡(下総国)を領した相馬氏に伝えられた。
English: As to the background of the spread of his legend during the middle ages and in the modern era under the title "Hinomoto Shogun TAIRA no Shinno" as opposed to the title he had assumed himself, "New Emperor," Yukihiko SEKI points out that the legend was passed down with the new title as a means of eliminating the possibility of interpreting the name as representing the potentially divisive and dangerous notion of a separate, independent Bando, thereby facilitating respect for the law, and that it reflects the administrative philospphy of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who chose to become the head of a separate military administration that could peacefully coexist with the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 「新皇」と名乗った史実に反し「日本将軍平親王」としての伝説が中世近世を通じて流布した背景に、板東の分与・独立という危険な思想を意味する前者を排除し、遵法的存在としての名称に換え伝えたもので、軍事権門として朝廷と併存する道を選択した源頼朝を投影したものだとする関幸彦の指摘がある。
English: FUJIWARA no Toshiyuki (year of birth unknown - 907) was a Kajin (a waka poet) and Shoka (a calligraphy artist) who lived in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 藤原敏行（ふじわらのとしゆき、生年不詳-延喜7年（907年））は、平安時代初期の歌人、書家。
English: Along with Kukai, he was a renowned calligrapher in his day; however, only the following signed examples of his works have been preserved.
Japanese: 当時、空海とともに能書家として有名であるが、現存する書跡は、署名のある次のものだけである。
English: Although work on this inscripition was started at the behest of Shinsho, of the Zenrin-ji Temple, he passed away before the mold was completed, bequeathing the task to Tsunenori WAKI, who then hired Umitsugu SHIKABE on September 30, 875 to complete the mold.
Japanese: この銘は、禅林寺の真紹の発願によるものであるが、鋳型が出来上がる前に真紹が歿したので、和気彝範が遺志を継ぎ、貞観(日本)17年（875年）8月23日、志我部海継を雇い鋳成したことが序文に示されている。
English: Note that the reason this this been called 'Sanzetsu no Kane' (bell of the three masters) since ancient times is because the inscription comprises the work of three masters active at that time: the preface was composed by TACHIBANA no Hiromi; the text of the inscription by composed by SUGAWARA no Koreyoshi; and the calligraphy by done by Toshiyuki.
Japanese: なお、この銘文の序は橘広相、銘は菅原是善、書は敏行と、当時の三名家がそれぞれ成したので、古来「三絶の鐘」と呼ばれている。
English: According to the "Uji Shui Monogatari"(a collection of the Tales from Uji), Toshiyuki was asked often asked to transcribe text of the Hoke-kyo Sutra, and is said to have made over 200 copies; however, because he did such work under impure conditions, such as consuming fish, and hte like, it is also said that he went to hell and suffered.
Japanese: 『宇治拾遺物語』によれば、敏行は、多くの人から法華経の書写を依頼され、200部余りも書いたが、魚を食うなど、不浄の身のまま書写したので、地獄に落ちて苦しみを受けたという。
English: The waves are gathered on the shore of Sumi Bay, and in the gathered night, when in dreams I go to you, I hide from people's eyes (Kokin Wakashu (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry), Hyakunin Isshu (one hundred waka poems by one hundred poets) 18).
Japanese: すみの江の岸による浪よるさへや夢のかよひぢ人目よくらむ（古今和歌集、百人一首18、）
English: Nothing meets the eye to demonstrate beyond doubt that autumn has come - yet suddenly we are struck just by the sound of the wind (Kokin Wakashu, Aki no Uta Jo (the first volume of Autumn Poems), 169).
Japanese: 秋来ぬと目にはさやかに見えねども風の音にぞおどろかれぬる（古今和歌集、秋歌上、169）
English: Yoshihisa SHIMAZU was a military commander who lived from the Azuchi-Momoyama period through the Sengoku period (Period of Warring States).
Japanese: 島津義久（しまづよしひさ）は、戦国時代(日本)から安土桃山時代にかけての武将。
English: He was born in Izaku-jo Castle, as the first son of Takahisa SHIMAZU, the 15th head of the Shimazu clan, and his childhood name was Torajumaru.
Japanese: 第15代当主・島津貴久の嫡男として伊作城に生まれ、幼名は虎寿丸と名づけられた。
English: Later, he received one character from the name of Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, the 13th Shogun, changing his name to Yoshitatsu, and then to Yoshihisa.
Japanese: 後に第13代将軍・足利義輝からの偏諱を受け、義辰、後に義久と改名した。
English: He was born on March 14, 1533, as the first son of Takahisa SHIMAZU, who was the 15th head of the Shimazu clan, in Izaku-jo Castle.
Japanese: 天文2年（1533年）2月9日、第15代当主・島津貴久の長男として伊作城で生まれる。
English: He was shy and reserved as a child, whereas his three younger brothers were all outgoing and bright; it is said that some people called them, 'a living showcase of a foolish older brother and a smart younger brothers' behind their backs.
Japanese: 幼少の頃は大人しい性格だったこと、そして三人の弟がいずれも勇猛で優秀だったことから「愚兄賢弟の生きた見本」という陰口を叩かれていた。
English: However, his grandfather, Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, detected the brothers' characters and said, 'Yoshihisa is a person of virtue by nature, having the character to rule over three countries; Yoshihiro has martial vigor and outstanding powers of reason; Toshihisa is unrivalled in his ability to grasp the big picture of a situation, discerning the inherent advantages and disadvantages; and Iehisa is skilled at art of warfare,' showing the expectations he had for Yoshihisa.
Japanese: しかし祖父の島津忠良は「義久は三州の総大将たるの材徳自ら備わり、義弘は雄武英略を以て傑出し、歳久は始終の利害を察するの智計並びなく、家久は軍法戦術に妙を得たり」と兄弟の個性を見抜いた評価を下しており、義久に期待していた。
English: From the fact that Yoshihisa adopted the name Tadayoshi at first, thereby identifying himself with his grandfather, and later took his grandfather's daughter for his legal wife, it can be presumed that he was greatly influenced by his grandfather.
Japanese: 義久は初名を祖父と同じ忠良と名乗り、祖父の娘を正室に迎えている事からも分かるように、祖父から大きな影響を受けたものと推測される。
English: In 1566, his father went into retirement, and Yoshihisa succeeded him as the 16th head of the Shimazu family.
Japanese: 永禄9年（1566年）、父の隠居により家督を相続し、島津家第16代当主となる。
English: Around this time, the struggle against Yoshisuke ITO in Hyuga intensified, and in June 1572, Yoshisuke ITO ordered Sukeyasu ITO to invade the Shimazu camp.
Japanese: この頃、日向の伊東義祐との抗争が激化し、元亀3年（1572年）5月、伊東義祐は弟・伊東祐安に3000余人の軍勢で島津方に侵攻するよう命じた。
English: Yoshihisa's younger brother, Yoshihiro SHIMAZU went off to war at the head of a force only slightly stronger than 300 men, leading them to Kizakibaru to wait in ambush for the enemy.
Japanese: 義久の弟・島津義弘はわずか300余人を率いて出陣し、木崎原に兵を伏せて、誘い込んで強襲した。
English: Shimazu's army took 500 heads in the ensuing battle, including those of some 160 famous warriors, such as the commanding general, Sukeyasu.
Japanese: 島津軍は敵の総大将・祐安を初め名のある武者だけで160余人、500の首級を挙げた。
English: As for the Ito clan, the Shijoshu (lord of a branch castle) of the 'So-Sijuhachi-jo' (forty-eight castles), who had been on the Ito side, broke away one after another, leading the clan into decline.
Japanese: 伊東氏は「惣四十八城」を誇った伊東方の支城主が次々と離反し、衰退の一途を辿る。
English: As Yoshisuke ITO had been sent into exile, Sorin OTOMO invaded Hyuga with a large force in November 1578.
Japanese: 伊東義祐が亡命したことにより大友宗麟が天正6年（1578年）10月、大軍を率いて、日向に侵攻してきた。
English: Sorin stayed in Mushika (present-day Mushika, Nobeoka City), while Chikakata TAWARA became commanding general, leading 43,000 troops, including Shigekane TAKITA and Korenori SAIKI, and took charge of directing the battle.
Japanese: 宗麟は務志賀（延岡市無鹿）に止まり、田原親賢が総大将となり、田北鎮周・佐伯惟教ら43000を率いて、戦いの指揮を取ることになった。
English: The Shimazu army deployed Arinobu YAMADA toTakajo, and Iehisa SHIMAZU to Sadowara, bringing up the rear; however, when Otomo's army invaded Hyuga, the Iehisa contingent also entered Takajo-jo Castle, bringing the total number of the castle guards to more than 3,000.
Japanese: 島津軍は山田有信を高城に、後方の佐土原に島津家久を置いていたが、大友軍が日向に侵攻すると家久らも高城に入城し、城兵は3000余人となった。
English: Shimazu's army launched a successful raid against the Otomo army, and set up camp on the Nejirozaka (a hillside) across the Omaru-gawa River from the camp of the Otomo army.
Japanese: 島津軍は大友軍に奇襲をかけて成功し、小丸川を挟んで大友軍の対岸の根城坂に着陣した。
English: Yoshihisa employing a tactic called 'Tsuri-Nobuse' (a tactic using three forces in which one lets the enemy advance (tsuri) while the rest two hide lying low on both sides (nobuse), which will eventually come out and surround the enemy) against the marauding Otomo forces, who were attacking in disarray from across the river, sent wave after wave of troops to lie in ambush for the Otomo marauders, eventually wiping them out.
Japanese: 無秩序に攻めてくる大友軍を相手に義久は「釣り野伏せ」という戦法を使い、川を越えて追撃してきた大友軍に伏兵を次々と出し、大友軍を壊滅させた。
English: Shimazu's army took 2,000 to 3,000 heads in the fighting, (the Battle of Mimi-kawa), including those of senior commanders, such as Shigekane TAKITA and Soten SAIKI.
Japanese: 島津方は田北鎮周・佐伯宗天など主だった武将を初め2000から3000の首級を挙げた（耳川の戦い）。
English: When he could no longer tolerate the oppressive measures being forced upon him by Takanobu RYUZOJI, Harunobu ARIMA asked Yoshihiro and Ieshisa, who were garrisoned in Yatsushiro, to send reinforcements.
Japanese: 龍造寺隆信の圧迫に耐えかねた有馬晴信が八代にいた義弘・家久に援軍を要請してきた。
English: The Shimazu came to the aid of Harunobu, and their army captured Chijiwa-jo Castle from RYUZOJI's army in 1582.
Japanese: それに応えた島津軍は天正10年（1582年）、龍造寺方の千々石城を攻め落とした。
English: A force of more than 1,000 men from the Shimazu army, including Tadataka NIIRO and Tadakata KAWAKAMI, who had been standing by atYatsushiro, entered Antoku-jo Castle as reinforcements, and proceeded to launch an attack on Fukae-jo Castle.
Japanese: 島津軍は八代に待機していた新納忠堯・川上忠堅ら1000余人が援軍として安徳城に入り、深江城を攻撃した。
English: He had to face Ryozoji's army of 25,000 troops (by some accounts, 60,000) with a force of 5,000 troops, including the Arima contingent.
Japanese: 有馬勢と合わせて5000余りで、龍造寺軍2万5000（一説には6万）という圧倒的兵力に立ち向かうことになった。
English: Iehisa's army killed more than 3000 enemy troops, including Takanobu RYUZOJI, his family and main retainers in fighting at a wetland called Okitanawate, winning a decisive victory (the Battle of Okitanawate).
Japanese: 家久は沖田畷と呼ばれる湿地帯にて、龍造寺隆信を初め、一門・重臣など3000余人を討ち取り、見事に勝利した（沖田畷の戦い）。
English: After the Ryozoji clan surrendered to the Shimazu clan, in 1584, the Chikanaga KUMABE and Chikayasu KUMABE (father and son) of Higo Province, Tanesada AKIZUKI in Chikuzen Province, and Hirokado TSUKUSHI in Chikugo Province submitted to or made peace with the Shimazu clan in succession.
Japanese: 天正12年（1584年）、龍造寺氏が島津氏の軍門に降り、肥後国の隈部親永・隈部親泰父子、筑前国の秋月種実、筑後国の筑紫広門らが、次々と島津氏に服属や和睦していった。
English: A year later, Yoshihisa defeated Koremitsu ASO in Higo Province, leaving the only territory unconquered in Kyushu as that of the Otomo clan.
Japanese: 翌年肥後国の阿蘇惟光を下し、九州で残すところは大友氏のみになっていた。
English: However, at this point Yoshihisa received an order from Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI forbidding further armed conflict in Kyushu.
Japanese: しかし、ここで豊臣秀吉から書状が届けられたが、それはこれ以上九州での戦争を禁じるものであった。
English: The Shimazu family deliberated Hedeyoshi's order, but in the end, Yoshihisa decided to order an attack on Chikuzen Province, the territory of the Otomo clan.
Japanese: 島津家中でも論議を重ねたが、義久は大友氏の所領の筑前国の攻撃を命じた。
English: A force of more than 20,000 troops under the command of Tadanaga SHIMAZU and Tadamune IJUIN captured Iwaya-jo Castle, where Joun TAKAHASHI had been barricaded (the Battle of Iwaya-jo Castle).
Japanese: 天正14年（1586年）、島津忠長・伊集院忠棟を大将とした2万余人が高橋紹運の篭る岩屋城を落とした（岩屋城の戦い）。
English: Yoshihisa ordered some 30,700 troops from Higo Province, under the command of Yoshihiro, and some 10,000 troops from Hyuga Province, under the command of Iehisa, to capture Bungo Province.
Japanese: 義久は肥後側から義弘を大将にした3万700余人、日向側から家久を大将にした1万余人に豊後攻略を命じた。
English: Yoshihiro, however, had been slower in capturing castles in Naoiri-gun than anticipated; therefore, only Iehisa's troops was able to attack the home base of the Otomo clan.
Japanese: しかし、義弘は直入郡の諸城の攻略に手間取ったため、大友氏の本拠地を攻めるのは家久だけになった。
English: At this point, the advance contingent of allied forces under Toyotomi, consisting of 6,000 troops, including Hidehisa SENGOKU, Motochika CHOSOKABE, Nobuchika CHOSOKABE and Masayasu SOGO, landed in Kyushu as reinforcements to the beseiged Otomo clan, and encamped across the Ono-gawa River facing Iehisa's camp.
Japanese: ここで大友軍の援軍として仙石秀久、長宗我部元親、長宗我部信親、十河存保ら総勢6000余人の豊臣連合軍の先発隊が九州に上陸し、大野川を挟んで家久と対陣した。
English: A combined total of more than 4,000 troops from both sides died in the fighting (the Battle of Hetsugi-gawa River), including Nobuchika CHOSOKABE and Masayasu SOGO, with the allied forces of Toyotomi being routed.
Japanese: 合戦は敵味方4000余りが討死した乱戦であったが、長宗我部信親、十河存保が討死し、豊臣連合軍が総崩れとなり大勝した（戸次川の戦い）。
English: In 1587, a force 100,000 strong, the vanguard of Toyotomi's army, under the command of Hidenaga TOYOTOMI, arrived in Buzen Province, followed by a force numbering 120,000 men, under the command of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, landed in Kokura.
Japanese: 天正15年（1587年）、豊臣軍の先鋒・豊臣秀長率いる10万余人が豊前国に到着したのを皮切りに、豊臣秀吉率いる12万余人が小倉に上陸した。
English: In Bungo, the forces of Yoshihiro and Iehisa were forced to withdraw while being pursued by the Otomo army, knowing that Toyotomi's army had landed.
Japanese: 豊臣軍の上陸を知った豊後の義弘・家久らは退陣を余儀なくされ、大友軍に追撃されながら退却した。
English: Except for a small number of the daimyo and kokujin-shu in Buzen, Bungo, Chikuzen, Chikugo, Hizen and Higo Provinces surrendered the Toyotomi forces.
Japanese: 豊前・豊後・筑前・筑後・肥前・肥後の諸大名や国人衆は一部を除いて、次々と豊臣方に下った。
English: In addition, Hidenaga set up defensive positions on Nejirozaka across the Takajo-gawa River to meet any Shimazu forces that were coming to join the fray.
Japanese: また秀長は高城川を隔てた根白坂に陣を構え、後詰してくる島津軍に備えた。
English: Shimazu's army of over 20,000 strong, including Yoshihiro and Iehisa, launched an assault against the forces entrenched on the Nejirozaka; howerver, they were repulsed, suffering heavy casualties, and eventualy were routed in the fighting (the Battle of Nejirozaka).
Japanese: 島津軍は後詰として、義弘・家久など2万余人が根白坂に一斉に攻め寄せたが、島津軍は多くの犠牲を出し、敗走した（根白坂の戦い）。
English: Before the bulk of his force were decimated, Yoshihisa, deciding that discretion was the better part of valor, proposed a cessation of hostilities to Hidenaga, offering in exchange for the hostage Tadamune IJUIN.
Japanese: 主力が消耗する前に和睦に持ち込もうという義久の判断で、伊集院忠棟を人質として秀長に和睦を申し入れた。
English: At this juncture, Yoshihisa took the tonsure, and assumed the Buddhist name Ryuhaku, but it is unclear as to whether he transferred the family estate to Yoshihiro.
Japanese: 義久はこれを機に剃髪、名を龍伯と改めているが、家督を義弘に譲ったかは明らかになっていない。
English: Though Yoshihisa surrendered, others, including Yoshihiro, Toshihisa, Tadamoto NIIRO, Tadanori KATSURA and Tokihisa HONGO coutinued to resist.
Japanese: 義久が降伏したものの、義弘・歳久・新納忠元・桂忠詮・北郷時久らは抗戦を続けていた。
English: By agreeing to relinquish several castles to Hideyoshi, Yoshihisa, gained assurances from Hideyoshi that the Shimazu clan would have dominion over Satsuma and Osumi Provinces and Morokata-gun, Hyuga Province.
Japanese: 義久はこれらの開城を秀吉に約束することにより、島津氏は薩摩と大隅、日向諸縣郡を安堵されることとなった。
English: Hideyoshi granted the Shimazu clan certain dominion over the three separate provinces as follows: Satsuma was to be the domain of Yoshihisa; Osumi the domain of Yoshihiro; and Morokata-gun, Hyuga the domain of Yoshihiro's heir, Hisayasu SHIMIZU.
Japanese: 秀吉は島津氏に対して、義久に薩摩を、義弘に大隅を、義弘の嫡男・島津久保に日向諸縣郡をそれぞれ分割して安堵した。
English: After pacifying Kyushu, Hideyoshi proceeded to bring the entire country under his unified rule, and then ordered the daimyo to dispatch troops for an invasion of Korea.
Japanese: 秀吉は九州平定後、天下を統一し、諸大名に対して朝鮮への出兵を命じた。
English: The ranking military commander of the Shimazu clan at this time, however, was not Yoshihisa, who was considere to be the head of the clan, but his yonger brother, Yoshihiro.
Japanese: しかし、島津氏の総大将は当主と見なされていた義久ではなく弟の義弘であった。
English: Hirofumi YAMAMOTO considers Yoshihisa and his retainers to have been opposed to the administration of Toyotomi, and they would therefore have had little interest in contributing troops for this plan.
Japanese: 義久とその家臣団には、反豊臣政権の空気が強く関心が薄かったため出兵する気がなかったというのが山本博文の説である。
English: Putting this theory aside for the moment, perhas they had become vassals of Toyotomi only after have first resisted him with arms, unlike the other daimyo, the fact that there were a number of excessive demands made upon the Shimazu clan, such as the construction of Daibutsu-den (the Great Buddha hall) of Hoko-ji Temple, that they were ordered to immediately dispatch troops to Korea, and that there was an incident in which Yoshihisa was ordred to execute Toshihisa by Hideyoshi because of the Umekita Uprising (an uprising by a retainer of the Shimazu family, Kunikane UMEKITA), leaving him no choice but to comply, show that Yoshihisa and other members of the Shimazu clan were at odds with the Hideyoshi administration.
Japanese: この説はともかく、他大名と異なり豊臣秀吉に抗戦した後の降伏・臣従という経緯であったためか、島津家には方広寺の大仏殿建立など過大な負担が要求されることが多かった上に、矢継ぎ早に朝鮮出兵への命令、更にその時に起こった梅北一揆で歳久が一方的に秀吉に処罰を申し渡され処刑せざるを得なかった事件など、義久はじめ島津家臣団と秀吉政権の間に確執があったのは事実のようである。
English: On the other hand, after Yoshihiro after returned from the Bunroku and Keicho Wars, Hideyoshi realigned the assignment of dominions among the Shimazu, granting Osumi Province and Morokata-gun, Hyuga Province to Yoshihisa, and the important parts of Satsuma Province, including Kagoshima, to Yoshihiro, treating him like a family head.
Japanese: これに対して秀吉は義弘が文禄・慶長の役から帰国すると知行替えを行い、義久に大隅、日向諸縣郡を与え、義弘に鹿児島など主要部のある薩摩を与え、当主のように扱った。
English: In addition, Hideyoshi harassed Yoshihisa by placing a number of territories under his direct control (called Okurairichi) and territories of Mitsunari ISHIDA and Yusai HOSOKAWA who had been Taiko-kenchi bugyo (land survey magistrates) in the Osumi Province, which was part of Yoshihisa's domain.
Japanese: 更に義久の知行地とした大隅国内に多数の秀吉直轄領（御蔵入地）や太閤検地奉行となった石田三成や細川幽斎の領地をおくなどの嫌がらせを行った。
English: However, Yoshihisa retained control within his territory (called 'Siden-taisei,' or a system of diarchy).
Japanese: しかし、領内での実権は依然として義久が握っていた（これを「双殿体制」と言う）。
English: Since Yoshihisa did not have a son, he selected Hisayasu, Yoshihiro's oldest son to be his successor, arranging to have him marry his third daughter, Kameju, and adopting him; however; Hisayasu died young, and Yoshihisa had Kameju remarry, this time to Hisayasu's younger brother, Tadatsune, and made him succesor by order of Hideyoshi.
Japanese: ちなみに義久には男児が無かったため、義弘の嫡男・久保に3女・亀寿を娶わせ養子とすることで後継者と定めていたが、久保が早世したため秀吉の命により久保の弟・島津忠恒に亀寿を再嫁させて後継者とした。
English: On the occasion of the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Yoshihisa did not mobilize, but stayed at his home base, leaving it to Yoshihiro to lead the Shimazu contingent of the western army.
Japanese: 慶長5年（1600年）、関ヶ原の戦いにおいても義久は本国から動かず、義弘が指揮を取って西軍に加担をした。
English: Though the western army was routed in the battle, leading a relativelyt small force of only slightly more than 1,000 men, Yoshihiro successfully attacked, breaking through the enemy ranks, and successfully returned to Satsuma, with the eastern army in pusruit.
Japanese: 戦いで西軍が総崩れとなるものの、義弘はわずか1000余人で敵中突破を見事成功させ、東軍に追撃されながらも薩摩へ帰還した。
English: After the battle, Yoshihisa negotiated diligently with Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, securing preferential treatment in the form of granted assurance of continued dominion over the territory under control of the Shimazu clan.
Japanese: 義久は戦後処理として徳川家康と粘り強い交渉を行い、結果的に島津氏は本領安堵という破格の処置を受けることとなった。
English: In 1602, after successfully concluding negotiations with the Tokugawa Shogunate, he officially transferred the position of family head to Tadatsune SHIMAZU, and retired; however, he retained significant influence, as evidenced in his exchanging correspondences with the Edo bakufu, and was continually sought out for counsel within the family until his death.
Japanese: 徳川幕府の領土安堵後の慶長7年（1602年）、当主の座を正式に島津忠恒に譲り渡して隠居したが、以後も江戸幕府と都度都度書状をやりとりするなど絶大な権威を持ち、死ぬまで家中に発言力を保持していた。
English: However, his relationwhip with Tadatsune gradually worsened, as his daughter, Kameju, and Tadatsune were not getting along well in their marriage.
Japanese: しかし、娘・亀寿と忠恒の不仲などから忠恒との関係は次第に悪化したと言われる。
English: It it said that Tadatsune and Kameju did not have even one child, and that they therefore tried to have Hisanobu SHIMAZU, his daughter's son, installed as Tadatsune's successor, but failed.
Japanese: 忠恒・亀寿夫妻の間には1人も子が無かったことから外孫の島津久信を忠恒の次の後継者に据えようとしたが失敗したとされる。
English: Also, Yoshihisa opposed sending troops to Ryukyu which had been actively supported by Yoshihiro and Tadatsune.
Japanese: また、義弘・忠恒親子が積極的に推進した琉球出兵にも反対していたとされる。
English: I applied myself with dedication in the world, now I found the empty sky over my head.'
Japanese: 「世の中の　米（よね）と水とを　くみ尽くし　つくしてのちは　天つ大空」。
English: After negotiating continued dominionover the territories under the Shimazu clan, Yoshihisa was invited by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA to Fushimi-jo Castle, and asked to recount the time when he almost conquered Kyushu.
Japanese: 本領安堵後、徳川家康に伏見城へ招かれ九州をほぼ統一した時の話を請われた。
English: Though he declined the request, claiming there he didn't have much to say, Ieyasu and his retainers persisted, so he eventually relented, offerring the response, 'The honor rightfully belongs to my three brothers, starting with Yoshihiro, and our retainers, such as Tadamoto NIIRO, who put up a unified front in fighting the battles, without internal dissent, I never led the troops in battle, but just looked after the castle in Kagoshima.'
Japanese: 話す事はないと断ったが、家康や家康の家臣が強く要請するので渋々、「義弘をはじめとする3人の弟たちや、新納忠元らの家臣団が相反することなく一致団結して戦ってくれたので、私が先頭に立ち戦に出たことはなく、ただ鹿児島の城にて留守番をしていただけのことです」と答えた。
English: Yoshihisa may simply have been refraining from making the visit, but he also seems to have felt somewhat shamed by the fact that he did not engage in the battles.
Japanese: 義久自身遠慮もあったのだろうが、恥ずかしいことと認識していたようである。
English: However, there is an anecdote that after Yoshihisa left, Ieyasu told his retainers as follows:
Japanese: しかし、義久が帰ったあとに家康は家臣らに次のように言ったという逸話がある。
English: Yoshihisa's is a rare case in that no portrait exists for him, a military commander of the Sengoku period, and that his countenance is unknown; however, there is a statue of depicting Yoshihisa's surrender, which was made several generation later, in the Taihei-ji Temple in Satsumasendai City, Kagoshima Prefecture.
Japanese: この時代の戦国武将には珍しく、義久本人の当時の肖像画は残存しておらず容貌に関しては不明であるが、鹿児島県薩摩川内市の泰平寺(薩摩川内市)には後世になってから作られた義久降伏の銅像がある。
English: It is said that Yoshihisa had not just wisdom and courage, but also he was also a learned person, having, for example, received lectures on the Kokin-shu (a collection of waka poems) from Yusai HOSOKAWA, and maitained close relations with Sakihisa KONOE, a chief adviser to the Emperor.
Japanese: 義久は智勇に優れていただけではなく、細川幽斎から古今伝授を受けたり、関白・近衛前久との親交が厚かったなど、教養人でもあったと言われている。
English: In 1586, Yoshihisa was pressed to make peace with Sorin OTOMO and serve as a vassal to the Toyotomi clan, but he sent a reply addressed to to Yusai HOSOKAWA saying that he refused to make peace or serve as a vassal.
Japanese: 天正14年（1586年）、義久は豊臣秀吉から大友宗麟との和睦と豊臣氏への臣従を迫られたが、1月11日に出した書状では宛名を細川幽斎にして和睦・臣従を拒むという返信を送っている。