nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: It is said that a young child who dies before his parents cannot cross the Sanzu River but must continue to build a stone stupa forever; that he must suffer from the bullying of ogres at Sai-no-kawara because he makes his parents grieve; and that he will not accrue pious acts of filial devotion to his parents.
Japanese: 幼い子供が親より先に世を去ると、親を悲しませ親孝行の功徳も積んでいないことから、三途の川を渡れず賽の河原で鬼のいじめに遭いながら石の塔婆作りを永遠に続けなければならないとされる。
English: There is a famous anecdote that Jizo Bosatsu is first to go to Sai-no-kawara and guards children from ogre, gives virtue by preaching Buddhism dharma and sutras, and leads them to the way to become Buddha.
Japanese: 賽の河原に率先して足を運んでは鬼から子供達を守ってやり、仏法や経文を聞かせて徳を与え、成仏への道を開いていく逸話は有名である。
English: As mentioned above, Jizo Bosatsu is the Bosatsu who relieves the weakest people above everything else, so that he has been worshipped enormously since ancient times.
Japanese: このように、地蔵菩薩は最も弱い立場の人々を最優先で救済する菩薩であることから、古来より絶大な信仰の対象となった。
English: In more recent times there has been a widespread story that the spot under Jizo Bosatsu's feet is the entrance of the world of Gaki (hungry ghosts).
Japanese: また後年になると、地蔵菩薩の足下には餓鬼界への入口が開いているとする説が広く説かれるようになる。
English: When water is poured on the statue of Jizo Bosatsu, it pours into the mouth of Gaki, who suffers forever in the netherworld.
Japanese: 地蔵菩薩像に水を注ぐと、地下で永い苦しみに喘ぐ餓鬼の口にその水が入る。
English: It is said that although Gaki in Buddhism has a burning tongue because of the sin of having told a lie in life so that he cannot drink or eat because everything in his mouth is burned away, the water through Jizo Bosatsu's mercy can reach Gaki's throat and he can interrupt suffering for a while (during which people pray for Gaki to become Buddha by reading mass and reciting sutras with great virtue as part of the Hungry Ghosts' Feeding Festival).
Japanese: 仏教上における餓鬼は、生前嘘を他言した罪で燃える舌を持っており、口に入れた飲食物は炎を上げて燃え尽き飲み食いすることは出来ないが、地蔵菩薩の慈悲を通した水は餓鬼の喉にも届き、暫くの間苦しみがとぎれると言われている（その間に供養を捧げたり得の高い経文を聞かせたりして成仏を願うのが施餓鬼の法要の一端でもある）。
English: This is a story that shows the pious acts of Jizo Bosatsu, who is said to pour mercy upon all six worlds without prejudice; accordingly, the Hungry Ghosts' Feeding Festival was established as associated with Jizo Bosatsu.
Japanese: これは六道全てに隔てなく慈悲を注ぐと言われる地蔵菩薩の功徳を表す説であり、施餓鬼法要と地蔵菩薩は深い関係として成立していった。
English: In Buddhism a nefarious person who denies and criticizes Buddhism is called ichi-sendai (一闡提) (or simply sendai), which also means simply 'a person who has difficulty becoming Buddha,' so that Bosatsus such as Jizo Bosatsu and Kannon Bosatsu, who dared not to become Buddha through their great mercy in relieving all living things, are called 'Daihi Sendai' and are clearly distinguished from the normal sendai.
Japanese: 仏教上では、非道者で仏法を否定、誹謗する者を一闡提（略して闡提）というが、これには単に「成仏し難い者」という意味もあることから、一切の衆生を救う大いなる慈悲の意志で、あえて成仏を取り止めた地蔵菩薩や観音菩薩のような菩薩を「大悲闡提」と称し、通常の闡提とは明確に区別する。
English: The above 'Rokujizo' is Jizo-son (statues of Jizo), who guards each of the six worlds, and therefore many statues were placed at funeral homes and graves.
Japanese: 先に述べた「六地蔵」とは六道それぞれを守護する立場の地蔵尊であり、他界への旅立ちの場である葬儀場や墓に多く建てられた。
English: Additionally, it was combined with the faith for Doso-shin (Japanese Shinto deity), so many statues were built as 'guardian deities of the barriers of town' outside of towns or on streets.
Japanese: また道祖神信仰と結びつき、町外れや辻に「町の結界の守護神」として建てられることも多い。
English: Moreover, because Doso-shin is called Shaguji, the Jizo Bosatsu that syncretized with Doso-shin came to be called Shogun (将軍) Jizo by combining the letters of "Shogun" with "Shaguji" (it is also written as 勝軍 (Shogun)).
Japanese: また道祖神のことをシャグジともいうことから、シャグジに将軍の字を当て、道祖神と習合した地蔵を将軍地蔵(勝軍とも書く)とも呼ぶようになった。
English: In a folkloric tale "Journey to West," Jizo-o Bosatsu is described as he tells Gyokukotaitei (玉皇大帝) in Heaven about the violence of Sun Wu Kong (Seitentaisei, 斉天大聖), from Hell, as a master of the underworld.
Japanese: なお、民間説話である西遊記では冥界を司るとして地藏王菩薩が孫悟空（斉天大聖）の暴れっぷりを地獄から天の玉皇大帝に上奏するとして描かれている。
English: The gods regarded as Honji Suijaku of Jizo Bosatsu in the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism are Atago-no-kami (a deity) and Amenokoyane.
Japanese: 神仏習合のもとで地蔵菩薩の本地垂迹とされる神としては、愛宕神やアメノコヤネがいる。
English: Kinomoto-jizo-in Temple (Joshin-ji Temple) (Kinomoto-cho, Ika-gun, Shiga Prefecture) - the three major Jizo-son in Japan, Kamakura period
Japanese: 木之本地蔵院（浄信寺）（滋賀県伊香郡木之本町）-日本三大地蔵尊、鎌倉時代
English: Aizen Myoo (Ragaraja) is one of the Myoos (king of wisdom), being worshipped in Buddhism and having venerable status specific to Mikkyo (Esoteric Buddhism).
Japanese: 愛染明王（あいぜんみょうおう）は、仏教の信仰対象であり、密教特有の尊格である明王の1つ。
English: Having a Sanskrit name, Ragaraja, which is not seen in Buddhist sutras such as those of India, is a Funnu-son--a deity with a fierce expression (忿怒尊)--whose works are not found in India either.
Japanese: 梵名ラーガ・ラージャ(Ragaraja)は、インドなどの仏典にその名は見られず、また、インドでの作例もない忿怒尊である。
English: One of the reasons living things do not believe in Buddhism is that 'they are fascinated by temporal pleasures such as bonno (earthly desires) and sexual desire,' but Aizen Myoo practices pious acts because 'bonno and sexual desire are human's instincts that are difficult to cease, so that I change these instincts into ambitions and make living things believe in Buddhism.'
Japanese: 衆生が仏法を信じない原因の一つに「煩悩・愛欲により浮世のかりそめの楽に心惹かれている」ことがあるが、愛染明王は「煩悩と愛欲は人間の本能でありこれを断ずることは出来ない、むしろこの本能そのものを向上心に変換して仏道を歩ませる」とする功徳を持っている。
English: Aizen Myoo has one face and six arms with Funnu-so (an angry expression found on Buddhist images just like other Myoos), and it has highly distinctive features such as a lion's crown, which symbolizes the strength to bear any problem, as well as a seated lotus position on a lotus flower blossoms in a hobyo (a flower vase), which is filled with wisdom.
Japanese: 愛染明王は一面六臂で他の明王と同じく忿怒相であり、頭にはどのような苦難にも挫折しない強さを象徴する獅子の冠をかぶり、叡知を収めた宝瓶の上に咲いたハスの華の上に結跏趺坐で座るという、大変特徴ある姿をしている。
English: Because it was originally a god to express love, the body color is red and it is often depicted with a luminous halo.
Japanese: もともと愛を表現した神であるためその身色は真紅であり、後背に日輪を背負って表現されることが多い。
English: Additionally, there exists a figure of Aizen Myoo that draws a bow toward Heaven (such as 'the statue of Aizen Myoo with celestial bow' at Mt. Koya) and pictures on which different features are drawn, such as two heads.
Japanese: また天に向かって弓を引く容姿で描かれた姿（高野山に伝えられる「天弓愛染明王像」等）や、双頭など異形の容姿で描かれた絵図も現存する。
English: It has a third eye on the forehead, and some people say this depicts female genitalia.
Japanese: 額に第三の目を持つが、俗にこれを女性器を表したものだという説がある。
English: Aizen Myoo has been worshipped since ancient times as a Buddha that controls 'love, marriage and household harmony,' as its name shows; moreover, it has been worshipped as a guardian deity of dye and textile manufacturers by interpreting 'Aizen(愛染) as Aizen (藍染), or indigo.'
Japanese: 愛染明王信仰はその名が示すとおり「恋愛・縁結び・家庭円満」などをつかさどる仏として古くから行われており、また「愛染＝藍染」と解釈し、染物・織物職人の守護神としても信仰されている。
English: Moreover, because it does not deny sexual desire, it was worshipped by prostitutes in ancient times and is worshipped by women of the present day who work in the nighttime entertainment industry.
Japanese: さらに愛欲を否定しないことから、古くは遊女、現在では水商売の女性の信仰対象にもなっている。
English: Aizen Myoo is also depicted in pictures of the Mandala, a principal image of the Nichiren sects, facing Fudo Myoo; and it has been written in Sanskrit since Nichiren through the ages because it has a venerable status of Mikkyo transmitted by Kukai.
Japanese: 日蓮系各派の本尊（曼荼羅）にも不動明王と相対して愛染明王が書かれているが、空海によって伝えられた密教の尊格であることから日蓮以来代々梵字で書かれている。
English: Moreover, it is said that Fudo Myoo in the Mandala of Nichiren sects shows the idea that the sufferings of birth and death are nirvana while Aizen Myoo shows the idea that earthly desires are a pure aspiration to enlightenment.
Japanese: なお日蓮の曼荼羅における不動明王は生死即涅槃を表し、これに対し愛染明王は煩悩即菩提を表しているとされる。
English: The theoretical origin of Aizen Myoo is not known, but judging from one of the mantras of Aizen Myoo, 'Fun Takki Fun Jaha Fun,' it seems related to Takkiraja (Kama Raja （カーマ・ラージャ)), the tenth Funnu-son in the latter stage of Mikkyo.
Japanese: 愛染明王（あいぜんみょうおう）の起源は、学説的には不明だが、愛染明王の真言のひとつ「フーン　タッキ　フーン　ジャハ　フーン」から推察するに、後期密教における十忿怒尊のタッキ・ラージャ（カーマ・ラージャ）と関連あると思われる。
English: Dakini is often considered to be a witch, and therefore Takkiraja could be translated as the king of witches in Japanese.
Japanese: ダーキニーはしばしば魔女とされることから、タッキ・ラージャを邦訳するならば魔女の王といったところか。
English: Kama is a goddess of love who was burned to death because she released an arrow against Shiva during ascetic practices.
Japanese: カーマとは修行中のシヴァ神に誘惑の矢を放って焼き殺された愛の神である。
English: Mara is the supreme god who lives in the sixth heaven, which is also called Take-jizai-ten (the heaven where one can partake of the pleasures created in other heavens) or the sixth tenmao (devil).
Japanese: マーラは第六天に住む天界の最高神であり、他化自在天や第六天魔王ともいう。
English: (Kama is the supreme god in Heaven, but please note that there are more worlds over heaven in Buddhism.)
Japanese: （天界の最高神ではあるが、仏教では、その上にさらに多くの世界が存在することをご理解いただきたい）
English: Take-jizai-ten is expressed as a figure with a bow, and it is a god that controls everything in this world at will, makes others enjoy and enjoys by itself.
Japanese: 他化自在天は弓をもった姿で描かれ、この世のすべてを自在に操り他人を楽しませ、自分も楽しむ神である。
English: From the other perspective, it is a god and a seducer that makes a person feel happy.
Japanese: 見方を変えれば誘惑者であり、また、楽しい気持ちにさせてくれる神である。
English: It seems that Kongoai Bosatsu is the nearest as a venerable status and was incorporated from a god who drew a bow of love or a god of love with a bow; it is interpreted as a Bosatsu in Mikkyo so that its Funnu-son corresponds to Aizen Myoo.
Japanese: 金剛愛菩薩がもっとも尊格としては近く、愛の弓を引くおそらく、弓をもつ愛の神を取りいれ、密教の菩薩として解釈されたのが金剛愛菩薩であり、その憤怒尊が愛染明王ではないかと思われる。
English: Although Aizen Myoo is often enshrined as an attendant, there are examples in which it is enshrined as the principal image, as follows:
Japanese: 愛染明王は眷属として祀られることが多いが、以下のように本尊としている例も存在する。
English: Aizen-do (Shoman-in Temple) (Tennoji Ward, Osaka City) - one of the four halls of Shitenno-ji Temple built by Prince Shotoku
Japanese: 愛染堂（勝鬘院）（大阪市天王寺区）-聖徳太子建立の四天王寺四院の一つ。
English: Komyosan Aizen-in Temple (光明山愛染院) (Itabashi Ward, Tokyo) - worshipped by local dye manufacturers
Japanese: 光明山愛染院(板橋区)（東京都板橋区）-地元の染物業者の信仰対象となっている）
English: Saidai-ji Temple (Nara City, Nara Prefecture): This statue of Aizen Myoo (an important cultural property) was made by Zenen.
Japanese: 西大寺(奈良市)（奈良県奈良市）-重要文化財の愛染明王像は善円の作。
English: Zazen (meditation) is a fundamental method of training in Zen Buddhism, in which one meditates sitting with correct posture.
Japanese: 坐禅（ざぜん）とは、姿勢を正して坐った状態で精神統一を行う、禅の基本的な修行法。
English: Zazen is done in either full-lotus position or half-lotus position.
Japanese: 足の組み方は結跏趺坐（けっかふざ）もしくは半結跏趺坐（はんかふざ）で行う。
English: Also, the correct way to do zazen is broadcast on A and available for viewing free.
Japanese: また、において、正しい坐禅の仕方が動画で配信されており、無料で視聴可能である。
English: Zazen is sometimes perceived as the same as visual meditation ('meiso'), however the direction of zazen is different to that of visual meditation in which the eyes are closed and an object is visualized in the mind.
Japanese: 坐禅は瞑想と同一視される場合があるが、目を閉じて何らかの対象を頭の中でイメージする瞑想とは方向性が異なる。
English: The purpose of zazen is not to be bound by the images in your mind but to experience the world and yourself as it really is, and reach a spiritual place of nothingness.
Japanese: 坐禅の目的は心中のイメージに囚われずにあるがままの自分と世界を体感し、無の境地に至ることである。
English: The priest Dogen, founder of the Soto Sect of Buddhism, emphasized the concept of 'shikantaza' which is a Japanese term for zazen and means just sitting.
Japanese: 日本の曹洞宗開祖である道元は只管打座（しかんたざ）、すなわちただひたすらに坐ることを重視した。
English: It means to just sit for the sake of sitting, and not for the purpose of gaining some merit or reward.
Japanese: 何かの功徳や利益を得るために坐るのではなく、ただ坐ることに打ち込むことである。
English: Seiryu Gongen (清瀧権現), or Seiryo Gongen, is a guardian goddess of Daigo-ji Temple, the grand head temple of the Shingon sect Daigo-ha branch in the Fushimi Ward of Kyoto City.
Japanese: 清瀧権現（せいりゅうごんげんまたはせいりょうごんげん）は、京都市伏見区所在の真言宗醍醐派総本山、醍醐寺の守護女神。
English: Seiryu Gongen isn't described in Kyoki (sutra), but according to Kukai's Goyuigo (written will) it was Zennyo Ryuo, (Dragon King Zennyo) the third (also said to be fourth) daughter of Shakara (Sakara, Shagara), one of the Hachidai Ryuo (the eight dragon kings of Indian myth), and lived in Munetsuchi (無熱池) (a legendary pond that is said to be located in the Himalayas).
Japanese: 清瀧権現は経軌には説かれておらず、空海の御遺告によると、インド神話に登場する八大竜王の一、沙掲羅（しゃから、シャガーラ）の第三王女（一説には第四王女とも伝えられる）である善女（善如）龍王で、無熱地に住していた。
English: There are two kinds of dragons--good and evil--and Zennyo Ryuo was a good dragon who did not do harm; it is a golden snake of 2.5 cm long who appeared with the respect of the dharma of mantra, Shingon, and stands atop a snake of about 3 meters long.
Japanese: 龍に善悪あるが、善女龍王は害を加えない善龍であり、真言の奥義を敬って出現した8寸（2.5cm）の金色蛇で9尺（3m弱）の蛇の頂上に位置するという。
English: Zennyo Ryuo came flying to Shoryu-ji Temple (Qinglongsi Temple) in China, where Mikkyo was guarded, and became a guardian goddess of the temple, 'Seiryu.'
Japanese: 善女龍王は密教を守護していた中国・青龍寺に飛来して同寺の鎮守（守護神）「清龍」となった。
English: In later years, when Kobo-daishi Kukai visited Seiryu-ji Temple and learned Buddhism, he begged to be given Samaya-vrata but it was not permitted.
Japanese: 後年、弘法大師空海が青龍寺を訪れ仏法を学んだ際、三昧耶戒を授けてほしいと懇請したが許されなかった。
English: When Kukai came back to Japan, it appeared in a ship and Kukai swore to guard Mikkyo, so that it was transferred by praying at the foot of Mt. Takao-san in Rakusai, Kyoto.
Japanese: 空海が帰国する際に船中に現れて密教を守護することを誓ったため、京都洛西の高雄山麓に勧請された。
English: At that time it crossed the sea so that it came to be called 'Seiryu Gongen (清瀧権現)' with respect in Japan, adding the left-hand radical of 'Sanzui (sense of water)' to the Chinese character, 龍 (dragon).
Japanese: その際、海を渡ったので龍の字に「さんずい」を加えて日本では「清瀧権現」と敬称するようになった。
English: After Seiryu Gongen came flying to Japan and visited various temples, it descended to the peak of Daigo-ji Temple, in the present place, in around 900 by the invocations of Shobo.
Japanese: 清瀧権現は日本に飛来し複数の寺を巡った後、900年ころに聖宝により現在の安置所である醍醐寺山頂に降臨し留まった。
English: In 1097, Shokaku separated Daigo-ji Temple into the upper and lower parts of the mountain, so that in 'Kami-Daigo (the upper part of Daigo),' where Seiryu Gongen is said to have descended; at the front of the Daigo-sui spring stands 'Seiryu-gu Haiden,' a national treasure, which was built during the Muromachi period, and in 'Shimo-Daigo (the lower part of Daigo),' which is at the foot of Mt. Daigo-san, stands 'Seiryu-gu Honden,' a national important cultural property.
Japanese: 承徳元年（1097年）、勝覚が醍醐寺の山上と下に分祀し、現在は清瀧権現が降臨したと伝えられる「上醍醐」醍醐水泉の正面に、室町時代に建立された国宝「清瀧宮拝殿」、醍醐山麓に広がる「下醍醐」境内には国の重要文化財「清瀧宮本殿」が建っている。
English: Enma is a transliteration of Yama in Sanskrit and Pali.
Japanese: 閻魔は、サンスクリット語及びパーリ語のヤマ(यम,Yama)の音訳。
English: He is also called Yama-rāja (rāja means "king").
Japanese: ヤマラージャ（यमराज,Yama-rāja、ラージャは王の意味）とも。
English: His name is abbreviated as Enra, Enra-o, En-o or En.
Japanese: 略して閻羅（えんら）、閻羅王（えんらおう）、閻王（えんおう）、閻（えん）とも。
English: Yama (Emma) is translated into Japanese as baku (縛), sosei (雙世), soo (雙王), seisoku (静息), shasei (遮正) or byodo(平等), etc.
Japanese: Yama（閻魔）は、縛、雙世、雙王、静息、遮正、平等などと和訳される。
English: Such Japanese translations are derived from the respective meaning of Chinese character, namely "Baku (縛)," which means capturing criminals, "sosei (雙世)," which means always suffering the consequences of pain and joy; "soo (雙王)," which means a king consisting of a paired brother and sister, and "byodo (平等)," which means the fair judgment of criminals.
Japanese: “縛”は罪人を捕縛する意、“雙世”は彼が世中、常に苦楽の2つの報いを受ける意、“雙王”は兄妹一対で2人並びたる王の意、また“平等”は罪人を平等に裁くとの意から、これらの和訳がある。
English: He was a deity that originated in the era when India and Persia were unified; he has the common origin with saintly king Yima of Avesta.
Japanese: 本来はインド・イラン共通時代にまで遡る古い神格で、アヴェスターの聖王イマと同起源である。
English: According to the "Rig-Veda," Yama is considered to be the human ancestor because the human race was born of Yama and his sister Yami; he became the king of the world of the dead because he was the first human being to die.
Japanese: 『リグ・ヴェーダ』では人間の祖ともされ、ヤマとその妹ヤミーとの間に最初の人類が生まれ、人間で最初の死者となったゆえに死者の国の王となった。
English: In ancient India, those who performed benefactions in life were believed to go to Yama's country out in heaven.
Japanese: インドでは、古くは生前によい行いをした人は天界にあるヤマの国に行くとされた。
English: Sometimes he was identified with "death," but generally he was perceived as the king of the paradise of the dead or the deity that dominates ancestors residing in the universe after death.
Japanese: 彼は時として“死”と同一視される向きもあったが、死者の楽園の王、死んで天界にある祖先を支配する神と考えられていた。
English: Later, it was believed that he wore yellow vesture and a wreath on his head, held a rope for arrest, bound the soul of the dead with this rope and brought them to the place where he resided.
Japanese: しかし後に黄色い衣を着て頭に冠を被り、手に捕縄を持ち、それによって死者の霊魂を縛り、自らの住処・国に連行されると考えられた。
English: Further, he became being perceived as a dreadful deity who dominated the lower world, judged the dead and threw them into Hell; eventually, he became a being depicted simply as Death.
Japanese: またさらに下界を支配して死者を裁き、地獄に落とす恐るべき神と考えられる様になり、ついには単なる死神としても描かれる様になった。
English: In contemporary India he is depicted as the one who has blue skin and is riding on a buffalo (although his skin is black-colored in nature, he is depicted as blue-colored due to the artistic style).
Japanese: 現在のインドでは、青い肌で水牛に乗った姿で描かれる（本来は黒い肌だが美術上の様式として青く描かれる）。
English: It is generally believed that he was incorporated into Buddhism later and was deemed to be the king of Hell.
Japanese: のちに仏教に混入されて地獄の主と位置づけられるようになった、と一般的には考えられている。
English: However, one theory holds that the same deity, Yama of Rig-Veda, diverged into two genealogies.
Japanese: ただし一説には、本来はヴェーダのYamaという同一尊から二途に分かれていった、とも考えられている。
English: The other went to a bright world in an upper realm and became Yamaten, the third heaven of the six heavens in the realm of desire in Buddhist cosmology, or Enmaten.
Japanese: 2つに、上界の光明世界、すなわち六欲天の第3天である夜摩天、あるいは焔摩天。
English: However, some people believe these two were basically unrelated but might have been confused because 閻魔 (Enma) is Yama while 夜摩・焔摩 (Yama/Enma) is Yaama or Yaamaa.
Japanese: しかし、閻魔はYama（ヤマ）であるが、夜摩・焔摩はYaamaあるいはYaamaa（ヤーマ、ヤーマー）なので、本来は関係ないが混同されたと考える向きもある。
English: After he was introduced in China, he became amalgamated with Taizanfukun (Taishanfuzhun), who were associated with the Taoist philosophy of a permanent dreamland.
Japanese: 中国に伝わると、道教の冥界思想と関連付けられていた泰山府君と習合した。
English: Eventually, he was linked to the faith of Juo (Ten Kings) by the bogus sutra called "Enra-o-juki Shishu Gyakushu Shoshichiojo Jodo-kyo Sutra" (abbreviated as "Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra, Yuxiu Shiwang Shengdijing Sutra"), which was compiled in the era of the late Tang dynasty and became the object of faith as one of the judges of Hell, whose role was to judge persons after death.
Japanese: やがて晩唐に撰述された偽経である『閻羅王授記四衆逆修生七往生浄土経』（略して『預修十王生七経』）により十王信仰と結び付けられ、地獄の裁判官の一人として「人が死ぬと裁く」という役割を担い、信仰の対象となった。
English: Regarding Japanese Buddhism, Jizo Bosatsu, which was later deemed to be the honji (substance) of Enma, had been introduced in the Nara period through "Jizojurin-kyo Sutra."
Japanese: 日本仏教においては後に閻魔の本地とされる地蔵菩薩が奈良時代には『地蔵十輪経』によって伝来していた。
English: In the early Heian period when Mappo-shiso (the "end of the world" belief) prevailed, it was expounded by the monk Genshin and others to the nobility in the early Heian period and then widely to ordinary people in the late Heian period, and early in the early Kamakura period, "Jizo Bosatsu Hosshin Innen Juo-kyo Sutra" ("Jizojuo-kyo" for short), which was also a bogus sutra, was created based on Yoshu Juo Shoshichi-kyo Sutra (Yuxiu Shiwang Shengqijing).
Japanese: 平安時代になって末法思想が蔓延するにしたがい源信_(僧侶)らによって平安初期には貴族、平安後期には一般民衆と広く布教されるようになり、鎌倉初期には預修十王生七経から更なる偽経の『地蔵菩薩発心因縁十王経』（略して『地蔵十王経』）が生み出された。
English: Thanks to the above, the theory that Jizo Bosatsu was the honji of Enma (although it is conceivable that the theory claiming that 'Jizo is Enma Daimao (Great Satan)') was derived from this fact, although the details aren't known; however, not only did faith in Jizo spread but faith in Juo did as well.
Japanese: これにより閻魔の本地が地蔵菩薩であるといわれ（ここから、一部で言われている「地蔵様閻魔大魔王」の説が派生したと考えられるが、詳細は不明である）、地蔵のみならず十王信仰も普及するようになった。
English: While Enmaten was amalgamated with Enma-daio in China, the two were separately introduced into Japan, which might be the reason that the same was split into two.
Japanese: 中国では閻魔天が閻魔大王に習合されていたが、日本に伝わった時にそれぞれ別個に伝わったため同一存在が二つに分かれたとも考えられている。
English: When scolding a child who has told a lie, there is a folk tradition in Japan to say, 'I will ask Enma to yank out your tongue.'
Japanese: 日本では、嘘をついた子供を叱る際「閻魔様に舌を抜いて貰う」という俗信による民間伝承がある。
English: Saiho-ji Temple Enma-do (official name is 'Gappo-ga-tsuji Enma-do Saiho-ji Temple') located in Naniwa Ward, Osaka City enshrines Enma.
Japanese: 大阪市浪速区には、閻魔を祀った西方寺閻魔堂（正式には「合邦辻閻魔堂西方寺」。
English: It is said that the temple was built by Prince Shotoku and is the scene of 'Sesshu Gappo-ga-tsuji' (in Joruri (Japanese-type puppet play)).
Japanese: 創建は伝・聖徳太子）があり、浄瑠璃の「摂州合邦辻」の舞台にもなっている。
English: The Gochi Nyorai, also known as Godai Nyorai, are five nyorai (tathagatas) associated with the five wisdoms of esoteric Buddhism (wisdom of the essence of the Dharma-realm, great perfect mirror wisdom, wisdom of equality, wisdom of wondrous observation, wisdom of accomplishing that which is to be done).
Japanese: 五智如来（ごちにょらい）は、五大如来ともいい、密教で５つの知恵(法界体性智、大円鏡智、平等性智、妙観察智、成所作智)を５体の如来にあてはめたもの。
English: Renowned depictions include statues at the lecture hall of To-ji Temple (Kyoo Gokoku-ji Temple) and Kyoto's Ansho-ji Temple.
Japanese: 作例としては、東寺（教王護国寺）講堂、京都・安祥寺の像が著名である。
English: According to Buddhism, Kechimyaku Sojo means the handing down of law (dharma) from a mentor to a disciple.
Japanese: 血脈相承（けちみゃくそうじょう）は、仏教で師から弟子へと法(仏教)が伝えられることを指す。
English: Nichiren, who was the founder of the sect, declared himself to be the reincarnation of Jogyo Bosatsu, who was directly bestowed Kecchofuzoku based on No. 21 of Nyoraijinrikihon of "Myohorenge-kyo" (Annex of "Mannen Kugo-honzon of December, 1274").
Japanese: 宗祖日蓮は自らを、『妙法蓮華経』の如来神力品第二十一において、結要付属（けっちょうふぞく）を直授された上行菩薩の再誕であると宣言（『文永11年12月の万年救護本尊』脇書、1274年。
English: Additionally, he asserted that he received Shingon Mikkyo's 'twenty-third chakuchaku (legitimate) sojo, as extended from Dainichinyorai to Nichiren' (from "Fudo Aizen Kankenki," a posthumous writing by Nichiren).
Japanese: また併せて、真言密教の「大日如来より日蓮に至る二十三代嫡々相承」までも受けたと主張（『不動・愛染感見記』）。
English: According to the description of "Risho-in Kechimyaku" of Daigo-ji Temple (collection of Kanazawa-Bunko), the name "Nichiren" appears twenty-fifth, and this position coincides with the name at the twenty-third position from Dainichinyorai; however, it is not clear whether "Nichiren" in "Risho-in Kechimyaku" and the founder are one and the same.
Japanese: なお、醍醐寺の『理性院血脈』の記（金沢文庫蔵）には、確かに25番目に「日蓮」の名があり、大日如来とこの「日蓮」の間は二十三代となって符合するのだが、この『理性院血脈』の「日蓮」と宗祖が同一人物であるかどうかは定かではない。
English: Since then, the sole inheritor of Kechimyaku Sojo has asserted the legitimacy of Nichiren Shoshu sect, and this position has been passed from the incumbent Hossu (chief priest) to his successor; the position itself guarantees absolute authority in controlling propagation activities, as well as the exclusive power to adjudicate on disputes concerning doctrine, to give permission for depicting the principal icon of a temple, and to bestow various titles.
Japanese: 以来、唯授一人の血脈相承（ゆいじゅいちにんのけちみゃくそうじょう）が、日蓮正宗の正統性を主張し、また、時の法主による広宣流布指揮の絶対性、教義論争裁定・本尊書写・各種称号授与の専有性を保障するものとして、法主から次期法主へと伝えられている。
English: Kechimyaku Sojo is often mystified by saying, for example, 'various elements that cannot be captured as objects (such as the attitude for faith, spirituality and accumulation of pious acts, etc.) are inherited by golden paper or through oral transmission.'
Japanese: 「物体として捉える事が出来ない種々の要素（信仰態度や霊性、累積された功徳など）が、金紙や口伝によって相続される」などと、神秘化して考えられる場合が多い。
English: On the other hand, there is a simple understanding of Kechimyaku Sojo that its most essential core element exists only in the transfer of 'Honmonkaidan-no-Daigohonzon' (principal image of the Nichiren Shoshu sect).
Japanese: しかし、血脈相承の最重要の根幹は「本門戒壇の大御本尊」授受の一点のみに存する、とのシンプルな捉え方も一方にある。
English: Depending on the times and circumstances, Kechimyaku Sojo could be done in the form of confidential affairs whose dissemination to the public would not be expected for some time to come.
Japanese: 血脈相承は時と場合により、当分の間は公表しない内証形式がとられることがある。