nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The shape of metal fittings, the length of the rope and the way the floor opens are similar to those devised by William Marwood, who served as executioner in England in those days, so it is possible that his method was used as a guide for preparing the Scheme.
Japanese: この当時にイギリスの死刑執行人を務めていたウィリアム・マーウッドが考案した物と金具の形状やロープの長さ、床の開き方などが酷似しており、参考にされた可能性が考えられる。
English: Kindai shakaku seido is a shrine ranking system that was newly established after the Meiji Restoration, being modeled after the system stipulated in the Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) under the ritsuryo system (a system of centralized government based on the ritsuryo code).
Japanese: 近代社格制度（きんだいしゃかくせいど）とは、明治維新以降、律令制下の延喜式による制度にならって新たに作られた社格の制度である。
English: Although Kindai shakaku seido was abolished after the World War II due to the principle of separation of government and religion, it is still used today under the name of 'Kyu shakaku' (old classification of shrines) to represent the ranking of shrines.
Japanese: 第二次世界大戦後、政教分離によって近代社格制度は廃止されたが、今日でも「旧社格」などの名称で神社の格を表すのに用いられている。
English: In 1871, it was established by an edict of Daijokan (The Grand Council of State), 'Kansha ika teikaku, Shinkan shokusei to kisoku' (literally, regulations for official shrines and others in number of priests allocated to a shrine, office organization of Shinto priest, and so on).
Japanese: 1871年（明治4年）に太政官布告「官社以下定額・神官職制等規則」により制定された。
English: As the preceding early-stage shrine rankings, there were Jingikan choku shihai-sha (shrines under direct control of Jingikan [Department of Divinities]) (神祇官直支配社) Taihoheisha [great-scale shrines dedicated heihaku, paper or silk cuttings or red and white cloth are presented to the gods), Chuhoheisha [medium-scale shrines dedicated heihaku] and Shohoheisha [small-scale shrines dedicated heihaku]), and Chokusai-sha (shrines whose rituals are attended by an imperial envoy) (Taisaisha [great-scale chokusai-sha shrines], Chusaisha [medium-scale chokusai-sha shrines] and Shosaisha [small-scale chokusai-sha shrines]).
Japanese: なお、これ以前の初期段階の社格として神祇官直支配社（大奉幣社・中奉幣社・小奉幣社）や勅祭社（大祭社・中祭社・小祭社）があった。
English: On February 2, 1946, at the same time that government control of shrines was abolished by the Shinto Directive, the shrine ranking was also abolished.
Japanese: 1946年（昭和21年）2月2日、神道指令により神社の国家管理が廃止されるのと同時に社格も廃止された。
English: As an alternative to this system, Jinja-Honcho (The Association of Shinto Shrines) established a system of Beppyo jinja (shrines on the special list) in 1948, and listed all the old Kankoku heisha (general term for Kanpeisha [shrines designated as official by Jingikan, the Department of Religious affairs] and Kokuheisha [shrines under the control of provincial governors] that were high rank shrines) controlled by Jinja-Honcho as Beppyo jinja, giving them special treatments in personnel affairs.
Japanese: 神社本庁ではこれに変わるものとして昭和23年（1948年）に別表神社の制度を制定し、神社本庁被包括の旧官国幣社全てを別表神社として、人事の面で特別の扱いとすることとした。
English: Since Ise Jingu Shrine is considered special, it does not have a shrine ranking but is considered to be on the top of all shrines.
Japanese: なお伊勢神宮は、特別とされるので社格はなく、全ての神社の上に位置するとされる。
English: Kansha is further classified as Kanpeisha and Kokuheiha, both of which are further divided into the rankings of tai (great), chu (medium) and sho (small), respectively.
Japanese: 官社はさらに官幣社と国幣社に分けられ、それぞれに大・中・小の格が定められている。
English: The name of Kanpeisha and Kokuheisha, as well as the previous classification, were modeled after the shrine ranking system under the ritsuryo system.
Japanese: 官幣社・国幣社という名称や、上記の分類は、律令制の社格にならったものである。
English: Kanpeisha mainly included shrines associated with imperial court, such as Nijuni-sha Shrines (the 22 most important Shinto shrines, as designated during the Heian period) and shrines dedicated to emperor or the imperial family, while Kokuheisha mainly included Ichinomiya (shrine with the highest ranking in the area) of the each region.
Japanese: 主として官幣社は二十二社や天皇・皇族を祀る神社など朝廷にゆかりのある神社、国幣社は各国の一宮を中心に列格された。
English: However, at the time of Reisai Festival (regular festival), there is a difference that Kanpeisha received heihaku from the imperial family (the Imperial Household Ministry), while Kokuheisha received it from the national treasury (both received hohei from the imperial family at Kinen-sai Festival and Niiname-sai Festival).
Japanese: しかし、例祭については、官幣社へは皇室（宮内省）から、国幣社へは国庫から幣帛が供進されたという違いがある（祈年祭・新嘗祭はどちらも皇室から奉幣を受ける）。
English: Also, initially Kanpeisha was only permitted to use the (Imperial) crest of the chrysannthemum for decoration of the main building of shrine, but Kokuheisha was also permitted to use it in 1874.
Japanese: また、社殿の装飾に菊の紋章を使用することは、当初は官幣社のみに許されていたが、明治7年に国幣社にも許可されるようになった。
English: Subsequently, a system of Bekkaku Kanpeisha was introduced for Kansha which could not be classified as either Kanpeisha or Kokuheisha (e.g. shrines dedicated to people who rendered distinguished services to the state of the time), and Minatogawa-jinja Shrine was classified as the first Bekkaku Kanpeisha in 1872.
Japanese: 後に、官幣社にも国幣社にも分類できない官社（当時の国家に功績を挙げた人物を祀る神社など）として別格官幣社の制度が導入され、明治5年に湊川神社が初の別格官幣社に列格した。
English: Initially, there was no Kokuhei taisha (great-scale Kokuheisha), and in 1915, some Kokuhei chusha (medium-scale Kokuheisha) such as Kita-taisha Shrine were promoted to Kokuhei taisha for the first time.
Japanese: 国幣大社は当初は存在せず、大正4年に国幣中社の気多大社などが昇格したのが最初である。
English: Although the shrine ranking of Hansha was established for those to receive hohei from domain, there was no shrines ranked as Hansha, since domains were abolished by Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures).
Japanese: 藩社は藩より奉幣を受ける神社だが、社格は定められたものの廃藩置県により藩が消滅したため列格した神社はない。
English: Among them, Gosha was shrines which had special administrative functions, as well as being one of the shrine ranking.
Japanese: このうち郷社は社格であると同時にある特定の行政機能をもつ神社でもあった。
English: It was positioned as a main shrine for Ujiko shirabe (religious policy introduced by the Meiji government which obliged people to become ujiko [shrine parishioner] of their local shrines) and was established as an alternative to Danna-dera (family temple) under Shumon aratame (the inquisition for suppressing Christianity) in the Edo period.
Japanese: それは氏子調における中心となる神社で、江戸時代の宗門改の檀那寺にかわるものとして設定された。
English: Since it was not a shrine ranking in the normal sense, there were some shrines which were Gosha as well as being Kankoku heisha or Fukensha.
Japanese: 通常の意味での社格とは異なるため、官国幣社や府県社でありながら郷社であるものもあった。
English: Under this system, Sonsha was established as shrines attached to Gosha.
Japanese: 村社はこの制度のもので郷社に付属するものとして設定されたものであった。
English: As Ujiko shirabe system was subsequently abolished, Gosha lost its administrative functions and purely became one of the shrine rankings.
Japanese: のちに氏子調の制度が廃止されたために郷社の行政機能は無くなり、純粋な意味での社格となった。
English: Mukakusha is shrine which is legally approved but not qualified to be Sonsha, and this term is used to distinguish them from shrines with shrine rankings, but it is also considered as a kind of the shrine rankings.
Japanese: 無格社は、法的に認められた神社の中で村社に至らない神社であり、社格を有する神社と区別するために設けられた呼称であるが、一種の社格とも考えられている。
English: Even among Mukakusha, there were many shrines which had Ujiko, and as independent shrines, they were not different from other shrines, but the only difference was whether they received heihaku or not.
Japanese: 無格社といえども氏子を有した神社も多々あり、独立神社としては何ら他の神社と変わることはなく、幣帛供進の有無の違いだけである。
English: In the meantime, small-scale shrines were abolished as a result of shrine merger in the end of Meiji period.
Japanese: しかし一方で規模の小さな神社は明治末期の神社合祀の犠牲になり廃社とされた。
English: The survey conducted in 1938 showed that the number of Mukakusha was still 60496, which accounted for about half of the shrines.
Japanese: 昭和13年の調査でもなお、無格社の数は60496社あり、凡そ神社の半数を占めている。
English: From 1907, as well as Fukensha and Gosha, Sonsha (designated shrines only) also became able to receive shinsen heihaku-ryo Fee (fee for shinsen [food and alcohol offering to the gods] and heihaku) from local public bodies at the Reisai Festival.
Japanese: また明治40年からは府県郷をはじめ村社（指定神社以上）にも、例祭に地方公共団体からの神饌幣帛料の供進をうけることができることとなった。
English: Furthermore, from April, 1914, they came to be able to receive shinsen heihaku-ryo Fee also at Kinen-sai Festival or Niiname-sai Festival.
Japanese: さらに大正3年4月からは祈年祭・新嘗祭にも神饌幣帛料を供進できることとなった。
English: Concerning Kankoku heisha (Kansha), Kanpeisha is considered to be higher in rank than Kokuheisha, and each of them is further divided into tai (great), chu (medium) and sho (small) in order of ranking.
Japanese: 官国幣社（官社）については、官幣社は国幣社よりも格が上とされ、それぞれが大・中・小の順である。
English: Although there is no clear definition on which is higher rank, Kanpei chusha or Kokuhei taisha, and so on, the materials such as Shinto jiten (dictionary of Shinto religion) explain as follows:
Japanese: 官幣中社と国幣大社はどちらが上なのかなどについては明確な規定はないが、神道辞典などの資料によると以下の通りである。
English: Also, by its nature that loyal subjects to the country or imperial family are enshrined, Bekkaku Kanpeisha was treated equally to Kanpei shosha, but it does not mean that they were in a higher rank than Kokuhei shosha.
Japanese: また別格官幣社は国家皇室の忠臣を祭神とする性質上、官幣小社と同等の待遇をうけたが、国幣小社よりも上位であったということではない。
English: Ordered from upper to lower: Kanpei taisha, Kokuhei taisha, Kanpei chusha, Kokuhei chusha, Kanpei shosha, Kokuhei shosha, Bekkaku Kanpeisha
Japanese: 官幣大社＞国幣大社＞官幣中社＞国幣中社＞官幣小社＞国幣小社＞別格官幣社
English: The ranking of Shosha (Minsha [local shrine]) is ordered from upper to lower as follows: Fusha, Kensha, and Hansha are the same level, Gosha, Sonsha, Mukakusha
Japanese: 諸社（民社）については、府社＝県社＝藩社＞郷社＞村社＞無格社の順である。
English: These detailed distinctions in shrine ranking did not cause much difference in actual treatment, and especially for Kankoku heisha, the significance of distinction between Kanpeisha and Kokuheisha was not clear.
Japanese: これらの細かい社格の区別は大して実質的な待遇の差異を伴わず、特に官国幣社においては官幣社と国幣社の区別の意義などははっきりしなかった。
English: It was planned to establish more organized shrine ranking system to replace this system, but it was not realized.
Japanese: これらに代わる整備された社格制度を作ることを考えられたが、成立するに至らなかった。
English: No matter how the system was like, from the point of view of the actual treatment, it can be said that shrines were eventually divided into the following three rankings: Kankoku heisha, Shinsen heihaku-ryo kyoshin shitei jinja (shrines which was able to receive Shinsen heihaku-ryo Fee from local public bodies; Fukensha and some of Gosha and Sonsha), and any other shrines.
Japanese: 制度上はともかく最終的に、実質的な待遇を見た場合には、官国幣社、神饌幣帛料供進指定神社（府県社と郷村社の一部）、それ以外の神社の3段階の社格となったということができる。
English: Although it is not shrine ranking, in order to distinguish Gokoku-jinja Shrine (shrine honoring war dead) between local shrines and shrines under government protection, the latter was classified as Gokoku-jinja Shrine designated by the Minister of Home Affairs.
Japanese: 社格ではないが、護国神社で民立の神社と政府の保護を受けた神社を区別するため、後者を内務大臣指定護国神社とした。
English: Ise Jingu Shrine is the only shrine that has no ranking, as it is considered as the top shrine in the State Shinto.
Japanese: 伊勢神宮のみ、国家神道の頂点に位置する神社として位置づけられているため、格付けはなされていない。
English: Transcendentalism refers to a philosophy in which individuals stand firm in their position detachedly (nonchalantly) without being influenced by the state of things that surround them.
Japanese: 超然主義（ちょうぜんしゅぎ）とは、外の動静には関与せず、超然（平然）として独自の立場を貫く主義をいう。
English: In Japan, in general, transcendentalism is often referred to a political position taken by the government consisting of han (domain) cliques and bureaucrats during the period between the establishment of the Imperial Diet followed by the issuance of Constitution of the Empire of Japan and the beginning of the Taisho period.
Japanese: 一般的には、大日本帝国憲法発布後、帝国議会開設から大正時代初期頃までにおいて、藩閥・官僚から成る政府が採った立場を指す。
English: It is understood that the theory insists that the government should behave without being restricted by the opinions of the Diet or political parties (there are different theories, too).
Japanese: 政府は議会・政党の意思に制約されず行動すべきという主張であるとされる（異説あり）。
English: Some senior high schools under the education system that existed until 1950, such as the Dai Yon (Fourth) Senior High School, claimed to be 'transcendentalist' schools.
Japanese: なお、旧制高等学校の中には第四高等学校(旧制)をはじめとして「超然主義」を標榜した学校がある。
English: Schools being transcendentalist had no relation to the parliamentary politics; their transcendentalism was close to what it originally meant, as represented in the phrase 'Eiga no Chimata Hikku Mite (looking down on the flourishing lower world)' of a dorm song of Dai Ichi (First) High School (of the old-education-system) called 'Aa Gyokuhai.'
Japanese: これは議会政治とは全く関係なく、「栄華の巷低く見て」という第一高等学校(旧制)寮歌「嗚呼玉杯」の一節に代表されるように、超然主義の本来の意味に近いものである。
English: Transcendentalism was announced for the first time by Kiyotaka KURODA, the second prime minister of Japan, on February 12, 1889, which was the day following the issuance of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, in his speech shown below (so-called transcendentalist speech) addressed to local officials at the luncheon (lunch party) held at the Rokumeikan building.
Japanese: 超然主義は、第2代内閣総理大臣の黒田清隆が、大日本帝国憲法公布の翌日である1889年（明治22年）2月12日、鹿鳴館で催された午餐会（昼食会）の席上、地方官らを前にして行った、以下の演説（いわゆる「超然主義演説」）において表明された。
English: On the next day, Hirobumi ITO, who led drafting of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, made a similar announcement.
Japanese: 翌日、大日本帝国憲法起草を主導した伊藤博文も同様の主張を表明する演説を行った。
English: Other members who were involved in drafting of the Constitution, namely Kowashi INOUE, Miyoji ITO, and Kentaro KANEKO, were critical of transcendentalism.
Japanese: これに対して、伊藤以外の憲法起草のメンバーである井上毅・伊東巳代治・金子堅太郎らは批判的であった。
English: Kuroda and Ito claimed that 'Otto von Bismarck-style autocracy should be applied to our nation' and that the Minister of State should not be responsible for the Diet.
Japanese: すなわち、黒田・伊藤らの主張は「オットー・フォン・ビスマルク流の専制を我邦に施さんとする」ものであり、国務大臣は議会に対して責任を負うものではない。
English: They, however, cited the phrase 'the voice of the people is the voice of God' from "Odyssea" by Homer, 'I try to understand the citizen's mind to make it into mine' from Emperor Yu's anecdote, and 'broad-based assemblies should be held and all critical issues settled by public debate' from the Five-Article Imperial Oath by Emperor Meiji to make the statements below.
Japanese: しかし、「民の声は神の声なり」（＝天声人語）というホメロスの『オデュッセイア』にある言葉「朕民の心を追つて朕の心とする」という禹の故事明治天皇が五箇条の御誓文において誓った「広く会議を興し、万機公論に決すべし」という言葉を引いて以下のように主張した。
English: It said that 'there's no reason for the emperor to give his confidence to the cabinet that is not responsible for the public, thus the ministers of the state should be responsible for the public through the parliament, even though, in theory, it is the emperor for whom they are responsible', and 'if you say that you should not resign as long as you are trusted by the emperor, even though you have lost the confidence of the parliament, and have never consulted with the general public, it means that you injure the great emperor, who takes the voice from the people as the one from the god, identifying himself with the public, and betray the divine tenor that had stated the broad-based assemblies should be held and all critical issues settled by public debate.'
Japanese: 「天皇は國民の輿論を荷はない所の内閣を信任し玉ふ道理がない故に國務大臣の責任は法理上天皇に對して之を負ふと云ふも實は議會を通じて國民に對して負ふべき」ものであるとし、「輿論とは沒交渉で議會から不信任を受けても天皇の信任ある間は進退すべきではないと公言するは民の聲を以て神の聲とし、民の心を以て朕の心とすとの玉ふ名君を貶し、萬機公論に決すと宣へる聖旨を裏切る」ものである。
English: When the Imperial Diet actually met, the opposition force called 'minto' (political parties opposing the han-based administration) that was in favor of Jiyu Minken Undo (Movement for Liberty and People's Rights) showed strong resistance.
Japanese: だが、実際に帝国議会が開かれると、「民党」と称された自由民権運動の流れを汲む野党勢力が激しく抵抗した。
English: Debates at the Diet slowed down and the citizens protested because: the Kuroda administration failed to break the minto apart and revised the treaty; the first Yamagata administration had their budget approved by bribing the minto; and the first Matsukata administration interfered with the election.
Japanese: 黒田内閣による民党分裂工作と条約改正交渉の失敗、第1次山縣内閣による民党買収による予算通過、第1次松方内閣による選挙干渉事件などが、却って議会の審議を停滞させたばかりでなく、一般国民の反発を買った。
English: For example, according to Article 71 of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, if the (original) budget plan was not approved before a fiscal year started, the budget of the previous fiscal year would be adopted as the budget for the next fiscal year.
Japanese: 例えば、帝国憲法第71条においては、本予算（当初予算）が年度開始前までに成立しなかった場合には前年度の予算がそのまま新年度予算として執行される規定があった。
English: This article was drafted by Kowashi INOUE in order to prevent the administration from having to compromise on political policies in order to have the budget plan approved at the Diet.
Japanese: これは政府予算が議会側によって人質に取られて妥協を強いられる事の無いようにという趣旨で井上毅が提案したものであった。
English: What this really meant was that, if the budget of the previous fiscal year was adopted to the new fiscal year, the Japanese government could not carry out the urgent tasks such as promotion of growth of new industry and implementation of new businesses to increase wealth and military power.
Japanese: ところがそれは裏を返せば前年度予算がそのまま実行された場合には、当時の日本にとっての緊急の課題であった殖産興業や富国強兵政策のための新規事業が実施できなくなるという事も意味していた。
English: For this reason, the government was pressured by the authorities or the military that needed to obtain budget for new political plans, and therefore, had to have the budget plan approved even if they had to bribe the minto with government positions or money.
Japanese: このため、政府側は新規の政策のための予算を必要とする官庁や軍からの突き上げを受ける事になり、民党に対してポストや金で抱き込んででも予算案を通過させる必要性が出てきてしまったのである。
English: In the meantime, some of the members of the Onwa faction (called Rito) that had been believed to be pro-government political force became strongly nationalistic and started to have conflicts with the government.
Japanese: また、親政府勢力と見られた温和派（吏党）も国粋主義色を強めるにつれて政府と対決姿勢を見せる事例も現れた。
English: He started to think of forming a new political party that would lead a modern nation that he wished to create instead of supporting transcendentalism and continuing to have a conflict with the Diet.
Japanese: 超然主義を取って議会との対立を続けるよりも自らが目指す近代国家の方向性を実現させるための政党結成に乗り出す事を考えた。
English: In 1900, he established the Rikken Seiyukai party to start denying transcendentalism within the government.
Japanese: 1900年に立憲政友会を旗揚げして政府の内側から超然主義を否定する動きに出たのである。
English: In the Kizokuin (the House of Peers), the two major factions, the study group led by Keigo KIYOURA, who was the close associate of Yamagata, and the Sawakai led by Tosuke HIRATA, continued to believe in transcendentalism and tried to eliminate party politics.
Japanese: その後も貴族院_(日本)では、山県側近の清浦奎吾の研究会_(貴族院)と平田東助の茶話会という2大会派が超然主義を奉じて、政党政治の排除の動きを行った。
English: Then, the Kiyoura administration established in 1924, formed a transcendentalist administration in which the Kizokuin members occupied the government except for the Prime Minister (former chairman of the Privy Council), the Minister of Foreign Affairs (diplomat), the Minister of the Army, and the Minister of the Navy (military officers at that time) (It should be noted that the lower-house general election was close and the government was therefore also acting as an election administrator).
Japanese: やがて、1924年に成立した清浦内閣は研究会を中心とした総理大臣（前枢密院議長）と外務大臣（外交官）・陸海軍大臣（共に現役武官）以外を全て貴族院議員が占めるという文字通りの超然内閣を樹立させた（ただし、この内閣が間近に控えた総選挙の実施のための選挙管理内閣としての側面があった事に留意する必要がある）。
English: This administration however antagonized not only political parties such as Rikken Seiyukai but also the general public, and was overthrown in the second constitution protection movement.
Japanese: だが、この内閣は立憲政友会などの政党側のみならず一般国民からも反感を買い、第2次護憲運動によって倒された。
English: There was no room for transcendentalism to continue its existence since it became obsolete during Taisho Democracy.
Japanese: 大正デモクラシーの時流の中で時代遅れとなった超然主義に存立の余地は無かったのである。
English: The Horeki Incident is the first incident in which imperialists were oppressed in the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 宝暦事件（ほうれきじけん）は、江戸時代中期尊王論者が弾圧された最初の事件。
English: It is also called the Takenouchi Shikibu Incident after the person who was regarded as the ringleader.
Japanese: 首謀者と目された人物の名前から竹内式部一件（たけうちしきぶいっけん）とも。
English: Sekkan-ke (the families which produced the Regent and the Chief Adviser to the Emperor), to which the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) totally entrusted the management of the Imperial Court, was in danger of decline during the eras from Emperor Sakuramachi to Emperor Momozono (Gembun and Kanpo eras).
Japanese: 桜町天皇から桃園天皇の時代（元文・寛保年間）、江戸幕府から朝廷運営の一切を任されていた摂関家は衰退の危機にあった。
English: As young family heads appeared in succession in all the families, except the Ichijo family, it became impossible to manage the Court in a successful manner.
Japanese: 一条家以外の各家で若年の当主が相次ぎ、満足な運営が出来ない状況に陥ったからである。
English: The other families that were not allowed to participate in the affairs of state, particularly young court nobles, were becoming more and more dissatisfied.
Japanese: これに対して政務に関与できない他家、特に若い公家達の間で不満が高まりつつあった。
English: At that time, Shikibu TAKENOUCHI, a vassal of the Tokudaiji family, who believed in Ansai YAMAZAKI's theory, gave lectures on Shinto and Confucian books to the kinju (attendants) of Emperor Momozono; Kinmura TOKUDAIJI, Toshimichi KOGA, Kintsumu OGIMACHISANJO, Mitsutane KARASUMARU, Toshihaya BOJO, Kinkoto IMADEGAWA,中院通雅, Tokina NISHINOTOIN, and Takafuru TAKANO, for legitimate reasons.
Japanese: その頃、徳大寺家の家臣で山崎闇斎の学説を奉じる竹内式部が、大義名分の立場から桃園天皇の近習である徳大寺公城をはじめ久我敏通・正親町三条公積・烏丸光胤・坊城俊逸・今出川公言・中院通雅・西洞院時名・高野隆古らに神書・儒書を講じた。
English: Those court nobles who were angry at the tyranny of the bakufu, and Sekkan-ke's control over the Imperial Court made the jiko (teacher) give a lecture on Shikibu's theory to the Emperor.
Japanese: 幕府の専制と摂関家による朝廷支配に憤慨していたこれらの公家たちは侍講から天皇へ式部の学説を進講させた。
English: Soon, Shikibu was allowed to directly give lectures to Emperor Momozono in 1756.
Japanese: やがて1756年（宝暦6年）には式部による桃園天皇への直接進講が実現する。
English: In response to this, the then chief adviser to the Emperor, Michika ICHIJO, who was concerned about the worsened relation between the Imperial Court and the bakufu, planned and conducted the banishment of seven Emperor's kinju (TOKUDAIJI, OGIMACHISANJO, KARASUMARU, BOJO, NAKANOIN, NISHINOTOIN, and TAKANO) with Uchisaki KONOE, Sukehira TAKATSUKASA, and Naozane KUJO.
Japanese: これに対して朝幕関係の悪化を憂慮した時の関白一条道香は近衛内前・鷹司輔平・九条尚実と図って天皇近習7名（徳大寺・正親町三条・烏丸・坊城・中院・西洞院・高野）の追放を断行した。
English: Then, Ichijo brought a suit against Shikibu to Kyoto shoshidai (The Kyoto deputy) on the ground of the military art practice of kugyo (court noble) in 1758, and inflicted dismissal, life-time confinement at home, and suspension from office on the involved kugyo, including TOKUDAIJI.
Japanese: ついで一条は公卿の武芸稽古を理由に1758年（宝暦8年）式部を京都所司代に告訴し、徳大寺など関係した公卿を罷免・永蟄居・謹慎に処した。
English: Meanwhile, Shikibu was submitted to the inquisition of Kyoto shoshidai, and the severest banishment was inflicted on him in the following year, 1759.
Japanese: 一方、式部は京都所司代の審理を受け翌1759年（明暦9年）重追放に処せられた。
English: The Emperor Momozono, who lost the close advisors he had had since his childhood, was offended at the actions of the Sekkan-ke, such as ICHIJO, which resulted in escalated confrontation between the Emperor and the Sekkan-ke.
Japanese: この事件で幼少の頃からの側近を失った桃園天皇は一条ら摂関家の振舞いに反発を抱き、天皇と摂関家の対立が激化する。
English: This confusion was resolved after the Emperor Momozono suddenly died at the age of 22 in 1762.
Japanese: この混乱が収拾されるのは桃園天皇が22歳の若さで急死する1762年（明暦12年）以後の事である。
English: The impaired reputation of Kinmura TOKUDAIJI and others were restored by conferring their court ranks one step higher than their last ranks in their life time in 1891 after the collapse of the Tokugawa bakufu.
Japanese: 徳大寺公城らは、徳川幕府崩壊後の明治24年（1891年）に晴れて名誉回復を受け、各々の生前の最終官位から一つ上格の官位の追贈を受けた。
English: Naniwa-kyo Capital was a capital established in Osaka City of ancient Japan.
Japanese: 難波京（なにわきょう、なにわのみやこ）は、古代日本において大阪市の地に設営された都城である。
English: The palace was built during the Asuka period (the Zenki Naniwa no Miya Palace [the Early Naniwa no miya Palace]), however, the existence of the capital has not been confirmed.
Japanese: 飛鳥時代に宮が設置された（前期難波宮）が、京の存在は確認できていない。
English: It is strongly thought that the Zenki Naniwa no Miya Palace functioned as the capital together with the Koki Naniwa no miya Palace (the Late Naniwa no Miya Palace) which was built during the Nara period.
Japanese: 奈良時代に設置された宮（後期難波宮）と合わせて京として実質を伴ったとする見解が有力である。
English: It was mentioned in "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan) that the King of Wa was living at the royal palace built in Naniwa, located at the eastern end of the Seto Inland Sea, which was a major traffic route in ancient Japan.
Japanese: 古代の主要交通路だった瀬戸内海の東端に位置する難波には古くから倭国王の王宮が営まれていたと伝承がある（『日本書紀』）。