nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: When Emperor Junna (the third prince of Emperor Kanmu whose mother was FUJIWARA no Tabiko, a daughter of Momokawa) was enthroned in 823, Momokawa was given Shoichii Daijo-daijin (Grand Minister with Senior First Rank) as the maternal grandfather of the Emperor.
Japanese: 弘仁14年（823年）淳和天皇（桓武天皇第三皇子　母は百川の子・藤原旅子）即位に伴い、外祖父として正一位太政大臣を追贈される。
English: Norizane UESUGI (1410 - March 31, 1466?) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the middle of the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 上杉憲実（うえすぎのりざね、応永17年（1410年）？-文正元年2月6日(旧暦)（1466年3月22日）？）は室町時代中期の武将。
English: His father was shugo (provincial constable) of Echigo Province, Fusakata UESUGI, who was born in the Yamanouchi-Uesugi clan and became a member of the Echigo-Uesugi clan, and Norizane was a third child.
Japanese: 父は山内上杉氏の生まれで越後上杉氏に入った越後国守護上杉房方で、3男。
English: After War of Zenshu UESUGI was resolved in Kamakura in 1416, he became an adopted son of Kanto Kanrei, Norimoto UESUGI (theYamanouchi-Uesugi clan) in 1418, and went down to Kamakura.
Japanese: 1416年の鎌倉での上杉禅秀の乱が収束し、翌1418年には、関東管領の上杉憲基（山内上杉氏）の養子となり鎌倉へ下る。
English: Kanto Kanrei was an important post to assist Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) at Kamakura Government, the regional office of Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and it is said that he assumed office as Kanto Kanrei at the age of 10 due to the death of Norimoto in 1419, and it is confirmed that he took office of Kanto Kanrei in the next year, 1420.
Japanese: 関東管領は室町幕府の出先機関の鎌倉府において、鎌倉公方を補佐する要職で、1419年に憲基が没したため10歳で関東管領に就任したとされており、翌1420年には就任が確認できる。
English: After the death of Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA, the 4th seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") in 1428, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA became the 6th shogun by drawing lots.
Japanese: 1428年、4代将軍の征夷大将軍足利義持が没し、籤引きで足利義教が6代将軍に就任した。
English: Norizane's lord, Kanto-Kubo Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, was dissatisfied that he wasn't elected as a potential successor of shogun and attempted to go up to Kyoto at the head of an army, however Norizane dissuaded this.
Japanese: 憲実の主君の関東公方足利持氏は自らが将軍後継の候補に選ばれなかった事に不満を持ち、兵を率いて上洛しようとするが、憲実はこれを諫止する。
English: Norizane consistently made an effort to mediate between Kamakura Government and Bakufu; when Mochiuji ignored changing the name of an era by Bakufu, Norizane worried about Mochiie's relationship with Bakufu and dispatched envoy in order to apologize about Mochiuji's behavior to Bakufu in 1431, and in the next year, 1432, he returned shoryo (territory) to Bakufu that was dispossessed by Kamakura Government, and also in the same year, Shogun Yoshinori's geko (go down to the province) to Fuji was discussed in Bakufu, Norizane urged them to postpone his geko on the lookout for disturbing situation in Kanto region, and he sent gifts to Mansai who was Monzeki (successor of a temple) of Sanbo-in of Daigo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 持氏が幕府の改元を無視すると、1431年には謝罪の使節を派遣するなど幕府との関係を憂慮し、翌1432年には鎌倉府が横領していた所領を幕府に返還し、同年に幕府で将軍義教の富士下向が協議されると、憲実は警戒して関東情勢の不穏を理由に下向の延期を促し、幕府の醍醐寺三宝院門跡満済らに進物するなど、憲実は一貫して鎌倉府と幕府との調停に努めている。
English: There is evidence that Bakufu tried to grasp movement of Kamakura through Norizane, and it is considered that there was a feud between Mochiuji who continuously took an attitude of confrontation against Yoshinori and a moderate Norizane.
Japanese: 幕府は憲実を通じて鎌倉の動向を把握しようとしていた形跡が見られ、義教への対抗姿勢を続ける持氏と穏健派の憲実は確執が生じるようになっていたと考えられている。
English: In 1436, Masayasu OGASAWARA, a provincial constable of Shinano Province under control of Bakufu and the local ruling family, Yorikiyo MURAKAMI, disputed over territories, and Mochiuji attempted to dispatch troops to save the Murakami clan who asked Kamakura Bakufu for support, however, Norizane protested against him, saying that Shinano was beyond Kanto Kanrei's jurisdiction and prevented the dispatch of troops, and the Ogasawara clan won in this battle.
Japanese: 1436年、幕府の分国である信濃国の守護小笠原政康と豪族の村上頼清が領地を巡って争い、持氏は鎌倉に支援を求めた村上氏を助けて出兵しようとするが、憲実は信濃は関東公方の管轄外であるとして諌め出兵を阻止し、合戦は小笠原氏が勝利する。
English: In the next year, 1437, when Mochiuji made a plan to dispatch troops to Shinano Province again, the rumor spread that Mochiuji dispatched the troops to kill Norizane, therefore, Norizane's side also gathered troops and this caused a state of tension.
Japanese: 翌1437年に持氏の信濃再出兵が企画されると、出兵は憲実誅伐のためであるとする噂が流れ、憲実方にも武士が集まり緊迫状態が生じる。
English: Although Mochiie visited Norizane and had a meeting, Norizane went down to Fuijisawa, Sagami Province, and after he let the legitimate child go to the territory Kozuke, he went into Kamakura.
Japanese: 持氏は憲実の元を訪れて会談するが、憲実は相模国藤沢へ下り、7月に嫡子を領国の上野に逃して鎌倉へ入る。
English: While Mochiuji asked Norizane to stay in the post, Norizane resigned from the post of Kanrei, a feud between them remained to be unresolved.
Japanese: 持氏は在職を望むものの憲実は管領職を辞任し、確執は解消されないままとなる。
English: In June in 1438, when Mochiie's legitimate child, Kenomaru (Yoshihisa ASHIKAGA) reached the manhood, Norizane advised Mochiuji to be received ichiji-hairyo of shogun (honorary use one Chinese character from the name of his lord) for his son following the custom, however, Mochiuji ignored this advice and named him 'Yoshihisa.'
Japanese: 1438年、6月に持氏の嫡子賢王丸(足利義久)が元服すると、憲実は慣例に従い将軍の一字拝領を賜るよう進言するが、持氏はこれを無視して「義久」と名乗らせている。
English: Around this time the rumor was going around that Mochiuji tried to assassinate Norizane, therefore Norizane was absent from the ceremony of Yoshihisa's genpuku (celebrate one's coming of age).
Japanese: この頃には持氏が憲実を暗殺するという噂が立ち、憲実は義久の元服祝儀にも欠席している。
English: After Mochiuji gave the banner to the Isshiki clan for the suppression of Norizane in August, he dispatched troops and went to the war himself.
Japanese: 持氏は憲実討伐のため8月に一色氏に旗を与えて派兵し、自らも出陣した。
English: Although Norizane pleaded with Bakufu for Mochiie's life and Yoshihisa's assumption of Kanto-kubo, Yoshinori didn't accept this and ordered Norizane to kill Mochiuji.
Japanese: 憲実は持氏の助命と義久の関東公方就任を幕府に嘆願するが、義教はこれを許さず、憲実に持氏を殺すよう命じた。
English: In 1439, Norizane attacked Eian-ji Temple against his will, and Mochiuji and Yoshihisa killed themselves (Eikyo War).
Japanese: 1439年、憲実はやむなく永安寺を攻め、持氏と義久は自害した（永享の乱）。
English: After the war, Norizane left future affairs in his brother, Kiyokata UESUGI's hand, and retreated to Izu Kokusei-ji Temple to become priest and called himself Untoan Chotokogan.
Japanese: 乱後、憲実は後事を弟の上杉清方に託して、伊豆国清寺に退き出家し雲洞庵長棟高岩と称した。
English: Bakufu ordered Norizane to make a come back as Kanto Kanrei for order restoration in Kanto region, however Norizane turned down this and made their children, except his second son, Fusaaki UESUGI, become priests.
Japanese: 幕府は関東の秩序回復のため、憲実に関東管領復帰を命じるが憲実はこれを拒み、越後守護家を継いだ次男上杉房顕を除く子供たちも出家させる。
English: In 1447, when Mochiuji's bereaved child, Shigeuji ASHIKAGA, became Kanto-kubo, Norizane's first son, Noritada UESUGI returned to secular life and took the post of Kanto Kanrei.
Japanese: 1447年、持氏の遺児足利成氏が関東公方になると、憲実の長男上杉憲忠が還俗して関東管領に就任した。
English: As Norizane felt uneasiness, Shigeuji, who thought that Norizane was a desire for revenge for the death of his father, assassinated Noritada in 1454 and started Kyotoku War.
Japanese: 憲実の危惧通り、憲実を親の仇だと考えていた成氏は1454年に憲忠を暗殺して、享徳の乱を引き起こしてしまう。
English: In 1452, he counted on the Ouchi family and stayed there, and he died at the age of 57 in Dainei-ji Temple in Nagato Province.
Japanese: 1452年(享徳元)には大内氏を頼って留まり、長門国大寧寺で死去、享年57。
English: Norizane had high motive for Confucianism, and since 1432, he had been involved in the reestablishment of Ashikaga School, and he also made a great achievement for cultural projects such as donating books including the Five Classics texts of Confucianism.
Japanese: 憲実は儒学に志篤く、1432年以降には足利学校の再興に関与し、五経など書籍の寄進を行うなど文化事業に大きな功績を残している。
English: Although his intelligence had been noted since he was a child, Kasai (main retainer), Kagemasa NAGAO, executed government affairs for Norizane in his first years as Kanto Kanrei.
Japanese: 幼い頃から聡明さは知られていたが、関東管領就任から数年は家宰の長尾景政が政務を代行していた。
English: Even though the post, Kanto Kanrei, was Kamakura-kubo's subordinate, shogun in Kyoto had its appointive power.
Japanese: 関東管領という役職は、鎌倉公方の部下でありながら、任命権は京都の将軍が有するというものであった。
English: This made Norizane's position of mediator between Bakufu in Kyoto (Yoshinori) and Kamakura Bakufu (Mochiuji) more difficult.
Japanese: このことが、京都の幕府（義教）と、鎌倉府（持氏）の狭間で調停役となった憲実の立場を、一層難しいものにした。
English: Because Norizane had high motive for Confucianism, it is described that he severely regretted that he betrayed his lord, Mochiuji, as a result, and tried to kill himself after Eikyo War ("Eikyoki").
Japanese: 儒学に志篤いが故に、主君である持氏を結果的にしろ裏切ったことを激しく後悔し、永享の乱後に自害を試みたとされている（『永享記』）。
English: After that, he refused the repeated requests from Bakufu that he returned to the post and he showed pessimistic behavior such as making a tour of various districts.
Japanese: その後も幕府による再三の復帰要請の拒否、諸国遍歴など、厭世的行動を見せている。
English: When he died in Dainei-ji Temple, one of the best artist monk of the day, Sotan described Norizane as '人皆その風を望み、敬せざる無し、忽ち逝去を聞き、感すべき慕うべきなり' ("Inryoken Nichiroku" [Inryoken's Diary]), and this indicates that he was respected.
Japanese: 大寧寺で死去した際、当代屈指の画僧宗湛に「人皆その風を望み、敬せざる無し、忽ち逝去を聞き、感すべき慕うべきなり」（『蔭涼軒日録』）と評されており、彼の人望が厚かったことが現れている。
English: Unpin UMEDA (July 13, 1815 - October 9, 1859) was a Confucian scholar in the end of Edo period.
Japanese: 梅田雲浜（雲濱）（うめだうんぴん、文化(元号)12年6月7日(旧暦)（1815年7月13日）-安政6年9月14日(旧暦)（1859年10月9日））は、幕末期の儒学者。
English: In 1830, he learned Ansai YAMAZAKI's study from a Confucian scholar of the domain, Kanzan YAMAGUCHI, and after that, he succeeded his grandfather's family line, the Umeda clan.
Japanese: 天保元年（1830年）、藩の儒学者・山口菅山から山崎闇斎学を学び、その後、祖父の家系である梅田氏を継いだ。
English: In 1843, he went up to Kyoto to become an instructor of the domain school, the Bonanken.
Japanese: 天保14年（1843年）には京都へ上京して藩の塾である望楠軒の講師となる。
English: However, since Unpin offended the lord of the domain, Tadaaki SASAKI (the lord of the Obama domain, in Wakasa Province) for the reason that Unpin offered counsel to him, his hanseki was taken away.
Japanese: しかし嘉永5年（1852年）、藩主・酒井忠義(若狭国小浜藩主)に建言したのが怒りに触れて、藩籍を剥奪された。
English: Next year, at the time of the arrival of Commodore Perry from the United States, he spearheaded the royalists who looked for Sonno Joi (slogan advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) with calling for opposition to the treaty and Joi Movement (the Movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners), and criticized shogunate government fiercely.
Japanese: 翌年、アメリカ合衆国のマシュー・ペリーが来航すると条約反対と外国人排斥による攘夷運動を訴えて尊皇攘夷を求める志士たちの先鋒となり、幕政を激しく批判した。
English: However, he was charged with this, at the time of Ansei no Taigoku (suppression of extremists by the Shogunate) by the then Tairo (chief minister), Naosuke II, and he became the second person to be arrested.
Japanese: しかしそれが時の大老・井伊直弼による安政の大獄で摘発され、二人目の逮捕者となってしまった。
English: After the arrest, he was sent to Edo from Kyoto, and although he was tortured by receiving lashes all over his body during interrogation, he told nothing and died of illness in prison.
Japanese: 捕縛後は京都から江戸に送られたが、取調べでも笞打（ほうきじり）で全身を打たれる拷問においても何一つ口を割らず、獄中で病死した。
English: Unpin's graveyards extend across the country, and were established in Kaizen-ji Temple (Taito Ward, Tokyo Prefecture), Anshoin (Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City) and Shogen-ji Temple (Obama City, Fukui Prefecture).
Japanese: 梅浜の墓は、全国にまたがり、海禅寺（東京都台東区）・安祥院（京都市東山区）・松源寺（福井県小浜市）に置かれている。
English: Unpin's monument was erected in Kyoto Ryozen Gokoku-jinja Shrine which is famous for Ryoma SAKAMOTO and close to Anshoin and many people who respect him still visit his monument.
Japanese: 安祥院近くにある、坂本龍馬で有名な京都霊山護国神社には雲浜の碑も建てられており、今も雲浜を慕い訪れる人が多いという。
English: Kuniomi HIRANO (May 12, 1828 - August 21, 1864) was a Japanese samurai, feudal retainer of Fukuoka Domain and patriot.
Japanese: 平野国臣（ひらのくにおみ、文政11年3月29日(旧暦)（1828年5月12日）-元治元年7月20日(旧暦)（1864年8月21日））は、日本の武士・福岡藩士､志士。
English: He was an active patriot and supporter of sonnojoi (the doctrine of restoring the emperor and expelling the barbarians), and became good friends with feudal retainers of Satsuma Domain including Takamori SAIGO and patriots such as Izumi MAKI and Hachiro KIYOKAWA, spreading anti-shogunate sentiment.
Japanese: 尊王攘夷派志士として奔走し、西郷隆盛ら薩摩藩士や真木和泉、清河八郎ら志士と親交をもち、討幕論を広めた。
English: In 1862, he planned to raise an army to in response to Hisamitsu SHIMAZU's move to Kyoto, however he was defeated in The Teradaya Incident and sent to prison.
Japanese: 文久2年（1862年）、島津久光の上洛にあわせて挙兵をはかるが寺田屋事件で失敗し投獄される。
English: After being discharged from prison in 1863, he planed the Yamato gyoko (Imperial Trip to the Yamato Province) with court nobles of the Joi-ha (group advocating expelling barbarians), including Sanetomi SANJO and Izumi MAKI, however faced a setback with the Coup of August 18.
Japanese: 出獄後の文久3年（1863年）に三条実美ら攘夷派公卿や真木和泉と大和行幸を画策するが八月十八日の政変で挫折。
English: In response to the Tenchu-gumi incident in Yamato province, Kuniomi instigated the Ikuno Incident in Tajima Province, however this also ended in failure and he was arrested.
Japanese: 大和国での天誅組の変に呼応する形で但馬国生野の変するがまたも失敗に終わり捕えられた。
English: He was taken into custody at Rokkaku prison under supervision of the Kyoto deputy, however he was murdered there and his death was covered up by a fire which occurred at the time of Kinmon Incident.
Japanese: 身柄は京都所司代が管理する六角獄舎に預けられていたが、禁門の変の際に生じた火災を口実に殺害された。
English: His father, 吉郎右衛門, was a master of Shinto Muso-ryu Jo-jutsu (Shinto Muso school of martial art with a short staff) and had one thousand disciples, but was promoted to samurai class, since he through hard work and dedication to his duties.
Japanese: 父吉郎右衛門は千人もの門人を抱える神道夢想流杖術の遣い手で役務に精勤して士分取り立てられている。
English: In Fukuoka, he learned Sinology from 亀井暘春, studied Japanese classical literature under Zensai TOMINAGA, and was devoted to Shoko Shugi (ideology in harmony with Japan's traditional values).
Japanese: 福岡では漢学を亀井暘春、国学を富永漸斎に学び、尚古主義（日本本来の古制を尊ぶ思想）に傾倒する。
English: He also became good friends with a close adviser of Nariakira SHIMAZU, Umon HOJO (Nakanojo KIMURA) who fled from Satsuma Domain to Chikuzen because of a family feud over Nariakira SHIMAZU's heir.
Japanese: また、お由羅騒動で薩摩藩から筑前へ亡命していた島津斉彬の側近北条右門（木村中之丞）と親交を持っている。
English: He was called for Edo Kinban again in 1853, at the time of the arrival of the Black Ships, and passionately devoted himself to swordplay and study in Edo.
Japanese: 黒船来航した嘉永6年（1853年）に再び江戸勤番になり、江戸で剣術と学問に励んだ。
English: At this time, Kuniomi was seriously absorbed in Shoko Shugi, and on his returning home in 1854, he left Edo wearing old hakama (loose-legged pleated trousers for formal wear) and an antique sword.
Japanese: この頃に国臣の尚古主義は本格的になっており、安政元年（1854年）に帰国する際に古制の袴を着て、古風な太刀を差して出立した。
English: This attire was strange for people at the time and whilst the people who sent him off exchanged looks, Kuniomi himself was full of pride.
Japanese: 当時の人々の目からはかなり異様な姿で、見送る人々は苦笑したが、本人は得意満面だったという。
English: In 1855, he was posted to Nagasaki, and became a disciple of Moroto SAKATA, the head of Yusoku-kojitsu (knowledge of court rules, ceremony, decorum and records of the past), thus causing him to intensify his Shoko shugi, and after returning to Fukuoka, he went out with his friends in strange attire, wearing eboshi (formal headwear for court nobles) and hitatare (a kind of ancient court dress).
Japanese: 安政2年（1855年）に長崎勤務となり、ここで有職故実家坂田諸遠の門人となり、その影響で国臣の尚古主義はさらに激しいものとなり、福岡に戻ると仲間とともに烏帽子、直垂の異風な姿で出歩くようになった。
English: Kuniomi's behaviour was troublesome for his adoptive family and they came to rebuke him for it, so in the end he severed his links with them and returned to the Hirano family.
Japanese: これには養家も迷惑し、国臣を咎めるようになり、結局、離縁して平野家へ戻った。
English: Kuniomi's interest in Shoko-shugi never stopped, and in 1857, he made a direct appeal to the lord of the domain about the revival of inuoumono (a dog-hunting event), leading him to be confined due to his rude manners.
Japanese: 国臣の尚古主義は止まず、安政4年（1857年）には藩主に犬追物の復活を直訴し、無礼として幽閉されている。
English: Kuniomi believed that sakayaki was not a traditional hairstyle, and although the topknot later became popular, mainly among roshi (masterless samurai), it is strange that Kuniomi, a samurai, did not have sakayaki at the time.
Japanese: 月代は古制ではないというのが平野の考えであり、後には浪士を中心に総髪が流行ったが、この時期、一応は武士の国臣が月代を置かないのは異様である。
English: Kuniomi won popularity because of his excellent academic ability and his peculiar speech and behaviour.
Japanese: 国臣は優れた学才とこのような過激な言動から、人望を集めるようになった。
English: In July, 1858, Kuniomi received the word from Umon HOJO that Nariakira SHIMAZU planned to raise an army and proceed to Kyoto, therefore, he went up to Kyoto himself under the pretext of a request by Taketoki KIKUCHI's to write an inscription on a stone monument.
Japanese: 安政5年（1858年）6月、島津斉彬の率兵上洛の情報が北条右門から入り、国臣は菊池武時碑文建立願いの名目で上京。
English: Kuniomi became acquainted with Takamori SAIGO, a close adviser to Nariakira, through Umon HOJO, and the two discussed relief measures, Kuniomi set to be in charge of the movement against kuge (court nobles).
Japanese: 国臣は京で北条右門を通じて斉彬の側近だった西郷隆盛と知り合い、善後策を協議、公家への運動を担当することになった。
English: Eventually, Saigo and other members' efforts failed and Kuniomi tried to release the Imperial loyalist priest Gessho,who had been given an arrest order, to Satsuma, however the situation in the domain completely changed and things became difficult.
Japanese: 結局、西郷たちの工作は失敗し、幕府から逮捕命令が出された勤王僧月照を薩摩へ逃そうとするが、藩情が一変して難航。
English: Kuniomi and Gessho disguised themselves as yamabushi (mountain priests) and broke through border stations, finally arriving in Kagoshima City in November.
Japanese: 国臣と月照は山伏に変装して、関所を突破し、11月にようやく鹿児島市に入った。
English: The domain's government ordered Saigo to bring Gessho to Higashime (Hyuga-no-kuni) in order to hand him over to shogunate officials.
Japanese: 藩庁は西郷に月照を幕吏へ引き渡すべく、東目（日向国）への連行を命じる。
English: Saigo set sail with Gessho and Kuniomi, and cast himself into the sea with Gessho who also despaired for his future.
Japanese: 西郷は月照、国臣とともに船を出し、前途を悲観して月照とともに入水してしまう。
English: Due to the Ansei no Taigoku (suppression of extremists by the Shogunate) sweeping over Kyoto, he hid out in Tsurajima, Bicchu Province.
Japanese: 京では安政の大獄が吹き荒れていたために、翌正月に備中国連島へ隠れ住んだ。
English: In April 1859, Kuniomi, thinking it high time for Naosuke II's assassination, returned to Fukuoka with Jiro HORI and submitted a petition asking for the upgrading of armaments for exclusion of foreigners and for the support of Satsuma Domain, because if the assassination of Tairo went ahead it would cause a major disturbance.
Japanese: 翌安政6年（1859年）3月、井伊大老暗殺の機が熟したと感じた国臣は掘次郎とともに福岡へ戻り、藩主黒田斉溥へ大老が暗殺されれば大乱となるから薩摩藩との連携と攘夷のための軍備の充実を求める建白書を提出。
English: In March 24, the Sakuradamongai Incident occurred and Naosuke II was assassinated by feudal retainers of the Mito and Satsuma Domain.
Japanese: 3月3日に桜田門外の変が起こり、井伊直弼は水戸藩士と薩摩藩士によって暗殺された。
English: On the other hand, the Government of the Fukuoka Domain was greatly shocked at this incident and ordered arrest of Kuniomi, who had known about the assassination plot.
Japanese: 一方、福岡藩庁は驚愕し、事前に井伊暗殺を知っていた国臣の捕縛を命じた。
English: (It is said that he composed a Japanese poem, 'Compared to my flaming thoughts, smoke of Mt. Sakurajima is but a wisp' on this occasion.)
Japanese: （なおこの際桜島を謳って「我が胸の燃ゆる思いにくらぶれば煙は薄し桜島山」と詠んだとされる）。
English: In September, he was protected by the Matsumura family in Takase, Higo Province, and discussed affairs of State with a royalist political reformer, Izumi MAKI.
Japanese: 9月に肥後国高瀬の松村家に庇護され、久留米藩の勤王志士真木和泉と国事を談じる。
English: He succeeded in entering Satsuma under Shinpachi MURATA's guidance, however, since the domain leader Hisamitsu SHIMAZU disliked ronin and Ichizo OKUBO, a member of Seichugumi Organization, also had a policy against ronin, Kuniomi was eventually forced to leave.
Japanese: 村田新八らの手引きで薩摩へ入ることに成功するが、国父島津久光は浪人を嫌い、精忠組の大久保一蔵も浪人とは一線を画す方針で、結局、国臣は退去させられることになった。
English: Kuniomi was dispirited and composed a Japanese poem, 'Compared to my flaming thoughts, smoke of Mt. Sakurajima is but a wisp.'
Japanese: 失望した国臣は「わが胸の燃ゆる思いにくらぶれば煙はうすし桜島山」と詠じている。
English: After kuniomi returned to the Matsumura family in Higo, he mixed with Gensai KAWAKAMI, who had the nickname 'Hitokiri Gensai' (Gensai the killer).
Japanese: 肥後の松村家に戻った国臣は後に「人斬り彦斎」の異名を持つ河上彦斎と交流している。
English: Kuniomi, anticipating investigation by Fukuoka Domain moved to Amakusa under the guidance of KAWAKAMI and wrote the "Sonjoeidanroku" (Record of the Decision to Revere the Emperor).
Japanese: 福岡藩の探索を察した国臣は河上の手引きで天草へ移り、『尊攘英断録』を著わした。
English: In his radical book, Kuniomi said that Kobu-gattai (reconciliation between the imperial court and the shogunate) was no longer able to manage the current situation, therefore large domains such as Satsuma should take up arms to attack the shogunate in obedience to Emperor.
Japanese: 公武合体ではもはや時局に対応できず、薩摩藩など大藩が天皇を奉じて討幕の兵を挙げるべしとの過激な内容であった。
English: Izumi MAKI was deeply moved by this book, and Hachiro KIYOKAWA who came to see Kuniomi urged him to present it to Hisamitsu SHMAZU.
Japanese: 真木和泉は大いに感銘し、国臣を訪ねた清河八郎などはこれを島津久光に献じるよう勧めている。
English: While he was staying in Satsuma, he held talks with kyushinha (the radicals) such as Shipachi MURATA and Sanpei MITAMA, and he felt confident of the success of dispatching troops.
Japanese: 薩摩滞在中に村田新八、美玉三平ら急進派と会談し、一挙の成功を確信した。
English: In March, 1862, Hisamitsu led 1000 soldiers and set out for Kyoto.
Japanese: 文久2年（1862年）3月、久光は藩士1000人を率いて上京の途についた。
English: Kuniomi and kyushinha (the radicals) of Seichugumi Organization such as Shinshichi ARIMA also intended to raise an army at this time.
Japanese: 国臣そして有馬新七ら誠忠組の急進派もこの機に兵を挙げるつもりでいた。
English: However, Hisamitsu had no intention of attacking the shogunate, and his going to Kyoto was due to the kobu-gattai (movement for reconciliation between the imperial court and the shogunate).
Japanese: ところが、久光には討幕の意思なぞない、上洛は公武合体の運動のためだった。
English: In April, Hisamitsu, was surprised to find out about the radicals movement and ordered them to be killed if they did not settle down or obey Hisamitsu.
Japanese: 4月になって急進派の動きを知った久光は驚き、直ちに鎮撫させるか従わなければ上意討ちするよう命じた。
English: On May 21, nine members of the group sent to pacify the radicals, including Shigeru NARAHARA and Tsunayoshi OYAMA, engaged in a sword fight with the radicals at Teradaya, and six members including Arima were killed whilst the rest were arrested and sent back to Satsuma.
Japanese: 4月23日、鎮撫に遣わされた奈良原繁、大山綱良ら9人と急進派が寺田屋で斬り合いになり、有馬ら6人が死亡し、他は捕縛され薩摩へ送り返された。
English: On Msy10, before this incident, Kuniomi attended the Daimyo-gyoretsu (feudal lord's costumed procession) in order to submit a petition to Narihiro KURODA (a lord of Fukuoka Domain who passed by Osaka-jo Castle on the way to his compulsory residence in Edo) complaining about the disturbances and asking for cooperation in raising an army.
Japanese: 国臣はこれより前の4月12日に参勤交代の途上で大坂の近くまで来ていた福岡藩主黒田斉溥へ情勢の不穏と、挙兵への協力を訴える嘆願を提出すべく、大名行列に出頭していた。
English: Government officials of the Fukuoka Domain were surprised by this and took lulled Kuniomi into security by taking him to a Japanese-style hotel and treating him well, however before long a Hori (officer) of Satsuma Domain broke in and arrested him.
Japanese: 驚いた福岡藩の役人はとりあえず国臣を旅館へ案内してもてなしたが、そこへ薩摩藩の捕吏が押し込み国臣を捕縛してしまった。
English: Kuniomi, highly renowned among supporters of the movement to restore the emperor and expel the barbarians, was treated well at the beginning, however, as soon as the radicals were rounded up in the Teradaya Incident, their treatment drastically changed and he was brusquely thrown into jail.
Japanese: 尊攘志士の間で令名高い国臣はまずは丁重に扱われたが、寺田屋事件で急進派が一網打尽にされるや扱いが一変し、手荒く牢屋へ入れられてしまった。
English: In April 1863, when favourable conditions for Imperial loyalists returned, Kuniomi was released.
Japanese: 情勢が再び勤王派に有利となった文久3年（1863年）3月に釈放された。
English: At this time, the Choshu Domain dealt with nobles loyal to the emperor in Kyoto in order to control the Imperial Court, while as assassination cases, known as Tenchu (heaven's punishment) occurred frequently.
Japanese: この頃、京都では長州藩が攘夷派公卿と結んで朝廷を牛耳り、天誅と呼ばれる暗殺事件が頻発していた。
English: At this time, the Gakushuin was the a prestigious place for the decision-making of court nobles loyal to the Emperor, headed by Sanetomi SANJO, therefore this was an exceptional promotion for Kuniomi, who had come from humble beginnings as an ashigaru.
Japanese: この頃の学習院は三条実美を中心とする攘夷派公卿の政策決定の場となっており、格式も高く足軽身分の国臣としては相当な大抜擢であった。
English: On 29th, Kuniomi was ordered to stop the activity of the Tenchu-gumi (group who carried out punishments) including Tadamitsu NAKAYAMA and Torataro YOSHIMURA.
Japanese: 17日、国臣は三条から中山忠光、吉村寅太郎らの天誅組の制止を命じられた。
English: On October 1, Kuniomi arrived in Gojo City, however the political situation changed completely the day before, September 30.
Japanese: 19日、国臣は五条に到着するが、その前日の8月18日に政局は一変してしまっていた。