nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The Port of Ishinomaki enabled to provide the system of transporting the rice produce in the eastern bound shipping route, from the canals of Kitakami-gawa River basin to Edo via Ishinomaki (Most of the time throughout Edo period, half of the total rice produce distributed in Edo was the transported rice from the Port of Ishinomaki of Sendai Domain).
Japanese: これにより北上川流域水運を通じ石巻から江戸へ東廻り航路で米を移出する体制が整う（江戸時代の多くの期間において、江戸で流通する米の半分は仙台藩石巻港からの廻米であった）。
English: He continued to serve for Edo Bakufu under the 2nd Shogun Hidetada TOKUGAWA till the 3rd Shogun Iemitsu TOKUGAWA; in May, 1636, he died in Edo.
Japanese: 2代将軍徳川秀忠、3代徳川家光の頃まで仕え、寛永13年（1636年）5月江戸で死亡。
English: Those wooden statues and pictures of Masamune produced after his death were given both eyes, while the right eye was represented slightly smaller than the other; this was based on the thought of Masamune, "my eyes were given by my parents, thus it is unfilial that I lost my right eye, even if the cause of that loss was an illness."
Japanese: 「たとえ病で失ったとはいえ、親より頂いた片目を失ったのは不孝である」という政宗の考えから死後作られた木像や画にはやや右目を小さくして両目が入れられている。
English: His death poem was "I was just going the way I believed the best as if going with the help of the moon light in front of me, in this unpredictable warring world".
Japanese: 辞世の句は、「曇りなき　心の月を　先だてて　浮世の闇を　照してぞ行く」
English: Zuiho-den was built by Tadamune DATE in October, 1637 after the death of Masamune.
Japanese: これは政宗の死後、伊達忠宗によって寛永14年（1637年）10月に建立された。
English: It was designated as a national treasure in 1931, but the original building suffered war damage and it was burned down in 1945.
Japanese: 昭和6年（1931年）に国宝に指定されたが、昭和20年（1945年）の戦災で焼失した。
English: Prior to the reconstruction, excavation and research of the graveyard were conducted in 1974; the scientific analysis of the bunes of the deceased revealed that his height was 159.4 cm (it was an average height of that time), while the analysis of the hair of the deceased showed his blood type was ABO type.
Japanese: 再建に先駆けて、昭和49年（1974年）には発掘調査が行われ、遺骨の学術的調査から身長は159.4センチメートル（当時の平均的身長）であることや、遺骸毛髪から血液型がABO式血液型であることが判明した。
English: About 30 burial goods were found, such as sword, armor, gold-lacquered ink stone box, pencil, pocket sun watch with a compass, pocket mirror, pipe, silver pendant, gold rosary, and etc.
Japanese: また、副葬品として太刀、具足、蒔絵を施した硯箱、鉛筆、懐中日時計兼磁石、懐中鏡、煙管、銀製ペンダント、黄金製のロザリオなど、30余点が確認されている。
English: Masamune's father Terumune named his son as Masamune, after the 9th lord of Date clan Masamune who was the founder of a revival of Date clan.
Japanese: 父輝宗は伊達家中興の祖と呼ばれる第9代政宗にあやかって、息子に政宗と名づけたという。
English: Masamune seemed to be proud of the origin of his name, and he wished to be buried in the place associated with this particular ancestor; consequently he was buried at the location of his wish.
Japanese: 本人もそのことを誇りにしていたようで、実際政宗はその先祖にまつわるところへの埋葬を望み結果的にそこへ埋葬された。
English: The rumor of believing Masamune as the reincarnation of one-eyed high priest Mankai was widely spread from the days of Masamune; among those folklores in Tohoku regions, some stories related with this belief have been transmitted, such as "the story of a peasant who set out on a journey for asking Sendai-sama (Lord Masamune) to cure the illness of his mother by the spiritual energy of Masamune."
Japanese: 隻眼の行者、満海上人の生まれ変わりであるという逸話は、政宗の存命中から広く知れ渡っており、東北地方の昔話の中には「仙台様（政宗のこと）の霊力で母親の病気を治してもらうために旅に出る農民の話」などが伝わっている。
English: Masamune had the legal wife, Aihime and at least 7 concubines, and became the father of 10 sons and 4 daughters including Irohahime.
Japanese: 正室・愛姫と、少なくとも七人の側室がおり、五郎八姫など十男四女をもうけた。
English: This concubine was a Korean woman brought back with him as a captive when he went to the front in Korean Invasion.
Japanese: この側室は、政宗が出兵に従軍した際、捕虜として連れ帰った朝鮮人の女性である
English: Regarding the possibility of a homosexual relationship, there is a letter sent to a pageboy Sakujuro TADANO (Katsuyoshi TADANO) suggesting such relationship.
Japanese: 衆道関係においては、小姓の只野作十郎（只野勝吉）へ宛てた書状が残されている。
English: There is also another example suggesting a homosexual relationship of Masamune with Shigenaga KATAKURA, the son of Kagetsuna KATAKURA; referring to "the Historical Records of KATAKURA clan," there is a description regarding the night before joining the Siege of Osaka, stating that Masamune kissed on the cheek of Shigenaga by saying, "who am I supposed to appoint a vanguard if I can not ask you for that" upon the request of Shigenaga to be the vanguard of the battle on the next day.
Japanese: 同じく衆道の関係にあった片倉景綱の息子片倉重長に対しても、大坂の役出陣の前夜、翌日の先陣を願った重綱に、「そのほうに御先鋒仰せ付けられず候て、誰に仰せ付けられるべきや」と言って重綱の頬に接吻した、との記述が『片倉代々記』に残っている。
English: Masamune did not hand over the family headship to Hidemune, the first son of Masamune with his concubine, the lady of Izaka (a daughter of Izaka clan, commonly called as "Nekogozen," meaning "cat mistress") by determinedly placing Hidemune as an illegitimate child in consideration to the connection of Hidemune with Toyotomi clan.
Japanese: 側室飯坂氏（通称・猫御前）との間に生まれた長男・秀宗はあくまで庶子とみなし、また豊臣家との関係もあったため本家を継がせなかった。
English: When Masamune entered the Kurokawa-jo Castle after the battle of the Surigahara War, Date family member Shigemune DATE improvised a Tanka (a form of a Japanese traditional poetry) saying, "Otomosede Kayanono Yoruno shigure kite Sodeni sansato Nure kakaranuran" (Silently a light shower came to the night of Kayano, and softly and incessantly drizzled on my sleeve")
Japanese: 摺上原の戦いの後、政宗が黒川城に入城する際、戦勝を祝って一族の伊達重宗が即興で「音もせで　茅野（かやの）の夜の時雨来て　袖にさんさとぬれかからぬらん」と歌った。
English: It is said that this tank became the origin of a minyo (a traditional folk song) in Tohoku Region called "Sansa Shigure" (incessantly drizzling light shower) in later years, which is sometimes sung in such celebratory occasions as a wedding ceremony; however this is not a fact but a popular belief.
Japanese: これが後に結婚式などのおめでたい席で歌われることがある東北民謡「さんさ時雨」の元歌になったと言われるが、俗説であり事実ではない。
English: In the northern part of Fukushima Prefecture, and in Miyagi Prefecture, Sansa Shigure is often sung in such celebratory occasions as a wedding banquet; however, singing Sansa Shigure in Aizu region of Fukushima Prefecture could be rude and make people feel unpleasant.
Japanese: 福島県北部と宮城県では、現在でも結婚披露宴等の祝いの席ではさんさ時雨が歌われるが、一方、福島県会津地方ではさんさ時雨を歌うとひんしゅくを買うことがある。
English: When Masamune was summoned and confronted with an evidential letter by Hideyoshi Toyotomi upon the suspicion of instigating Osaki Ikki (the revolt of the former retainers of Osaki clan with the peasants of the region), Masamune made an excuse regarding the letter by indicating the lack of a pinhole on the letter at his seal mark of wagtail.
Japanese: 大崎一揆煽動の疑惑で豊臣秀吉に呼び出され、証拠の文書を突きつけられた際証拠文書の鶺鴒の花押に針の穴がない事を理由に言い逃れを行った。
English: Masamune succeeded to take his way out since it was proved only this evidential letter did not have the pinhole by comparing with all the other letters sent to Hideyoshi.
Japanese: それまで送られた他の文書との比較で証拠文書のみに穴がなかったため、やり過ごす事が出来た。
English: In truth, there is a high possibility that Masamune utilized two kinds of written seal marks depending on an occasion; although Hideyoshi suspected of this possibility, he could not acquire conclusive evidence.
Japanese: 実際には二種類の花押を使い分けていた可能性が高く、秀吉も疑ったらしいのだが確証が得られなかった。
English: As the evidences of Masamune and his fellows visiting Korean Peninsula, "Garyubai" (a plum tree shaped in a form resembling a lying dragon) that Masamune brought back from Korea can be found at the Wakabayashi-jo Castle and the Zuigan-ji Temple rebuilt by Masamune.
Japanese: 政宗らが渡鮮したことを実証するものとして、隠居所である若林城（現宮城刑務所）と政宗が再建した瑞厳寺に、朝鮮から持ち帰らせた「臥龍梅」が残っている。
English: By following Ieyasu, Masamune prioritized finding an opportunity to conquer the country in the future; he first aimed to retrieve his former territory by invading the land of the Uesugi clan, in order to acquire a total territory worth 1,000,000 koku with his own hands, which was the amount promised in the "Assurance of Hyakumangoku."
Japanese: 政宗は家康に従って後の天下取りの機会をうかがうことを優先し、旧領である上杉領に進攻し100万石のお墨付き分の領地を自らの手で獲得することを狙った。
English: However, his scheme was brought to a halt since the Battle of Sekigahara lasted in shorter period of time than Masamune had expected.
Japanese: しかし、関ヶ原の戦いが予想以上に短期間で終結したためにその試みは頓挫した。
English: When the residence castle of Mogami clan, the Yamagata-jo Castle was attacked by the troops of Uesugi clan, Kagetsuna KATAKURA offered an advice for Masamune to watch for the opportunity of Mogami clan and Uesugi clan going down together and profit from it; however, Masamune rejected this advice for reason of protecting his mother, and sent a reinforcement.
Japanese: 最上氏の居城である山形城が上杉家の攻撃を受けた際、片倉景綱が共倒れを狙い、漁夫の利を奪うよう進言したが政宗は母親の安全を理由にこれを却下し援軍を出した。
English: After "Osaka Natsu no Jin" (the Summer Siege of Osaka), Masamune had to abandon his ambition of conquering Japan, especially after seeing the decline and forfeiture of Tadateru MATSUDAIRA (the 6th son of Ieyasu and the husband of the daughter of Masamune, Irohahime); Masamune began to follow Ieyasu with respect by recognizing his wish for the peace and the security of the nation; he put in his efforts to the management of his territory.
Japanese: 大坂夏の陣後には天下安泰を願う家康に心服し、松平忠輝の改易などもあり天下取りの野望をあきらめざるをえず、領国経営に努めたようだ。
English: However, this view is often denied because there are some historical materials advocating the ambition of Masamune (the theory stating that Masamune had plotted a scheme to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate and put his son-in-law, Tadateru MATSUDAIRA in the position of shogun).
Japanese: しかし、この説は、政宗の野望説を唱える史料（政宗は徳川幕府を倒し、婿の松平忠輝を将軍職に就ける構想を立てていたとするもの）などから否定されることも多い。
English: On May 7 during Osaka Natsu no Jin (the Summer Siege of Osaka), the party of Sukeshige JINBO deployed at Senbaguchi in front of other Date troops, was completely defeated by the surprise attack made by the party of Takenori AKASHI.
Japanese: 大坂夏の陣の際に、5月7日船場口で伊達勢の前方に展開していた神保相茂隊が明石全登隊の奇襲を受けて全滅した
English: Masamune insisted that he had no choice but to finish up the Jinbo party himself, in order not to let his own troops dragged into the debacle of the Jinbo party upon the attack of the Akashi party.
Japanese: 政宗は、神保隊が明石隊によって総崩れになったため、これに自軍が巻き込まれるのを防ぐため仕方なく処分したと主張した。
English: In consequence, this incident was settled when bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) confirmed after the insistence of Date clan, while this incident drew attention and promoted conjectures in various degree (refer to the section of Sukeshige JINBO).
Japanese: この事件は、幕府が最終的に伊達家の見解を追認して決着したが、事件直後から様々な興味と憶測を生んだ（詳細は神保相茂の項を参照）。
English: Tsunefusa ISAGO (a legitimate son of Sadatsune ISAGO) violated a military order during the Siege of Osaka, but he joined DATE family rather than being punished.
Japanese: 砂金常房（砂金貞常の嫡男）は大坂の役で、軍令違反を起したが咎められず逆に一族に列した。
English: For Iemitsu, Masamune was a person of ability, a tutelage to bring him up and support to be a shogun, and a leading figure in the period of warring states even competed against his grandfather, Ieyasu.
Japanese: 政宗本人の器量に加え、自らを将軍として立ててくれた後見人であり、また敬神する祖父・家康とも渡り合った戦国の雄でもあった。、
English: Whether it was the intention of bakufu or not, the treatment of Masamune by Iemitsu himself was obviously beyond the degree of common practice, among those who were not hereditary or the original vassals of Tokugawa clan.
Japanese: 幕府の意向はどうあれ、家光個人が政宗に向けた処遇は、明らかに外様に遇する程度を超えている。
English: Iemitsu allowed Masamune to use a purple fringe to grace his horse for the occasion of visiting the Nijo-jo Castle, while this was not allowed even among gosanke (the three privileged branch families of Tokugawa).
Japanese: 二条城へと参内する際、御三家でも許されなかった紫の馬の総を伊達に与えた。
English: When Masamune became ill, Iemitsu arranged a doctor and ordered all shrines and temples in Edo to offer a prayer for his recovery; Iemitsu himself visited Masamune 3 days before Masamune's death.
Japanese: 政宗が病床についた際は、医者を手配した上で江戸中の寺社に快癒の祈祷を行わせ、死の3日前には家光自らが見舞いにきた。
English: When Masamune passed away, Iemitsu moaned for his death more than the death of his father Hidetada; all the activities of taking lives of living, and amusements or entertainments were then prohibited for 7 days in Edo, and 3 days in Kyoto.
Japanese: 政宗が亡くなると、父・秀忠が死んだ時よりも嘆き入り、江戸で7日、京都で3日の間殺生や遊興が禁止された。
English: "Date Hikan" (the secret records of Date) written by a retainer of Sendai Domain, Michitoki HANDA has a description stating there was a group of ninja (Japanese covert agent in feudal times) called Kurohabagigumi (Black shin guards Corps).
Japanese: また、黒脛巾組という忍者集団がいたと仙台藩士の半田道時の伊達秘鑑には掲載されている。
English: On the other hand, any description regarding the name Kurohabagigumi can not be found in "Masamuneki" (the chronicle of Masamune).
Japanese: その一方で、『政宗記』などには、黒脛巾組という名称の記述は見あたらない。
English: Since shogun Iemitsu did not have any experience of participating in a war, he often asked Masamune or other feudal lords with multiple experiences of joining wars about the details of those battles.
Japanese: 実戦経験がない将軍家光はしばしば政宗など実戦経験豊かな大名に合戦について質問をした。
English: One day, Iemitsu invited Masamune and Yoshinobu SATAKE (chief general of the Western Capital Offices) and asked various questions regarding the Suriagehara War; Masamune as the winner of the war was eloquent, while Yoshinobu SATAKE as the looser of the war remained silent with his lip bit throughout the meeting.
Japanese: ある日、政宗と佐竹義宣(右京大夫)を招いて摺上原の戦いについて色々質問したが、勝者であった政宗が雄弁であったのに対し、敗者の佐竹義宣は始終無言で、唇を噛みしめているだけであったという。
English: It has been told that Masamune might have embraced the Christianity himself since there was a rosary among his relics.
Japanese: 遺品にロザリオがあったことなどから、政宗は密かにキリスト教に帰依していたのではないかと伝わっている。
English: Masamune had a self-imposed rule not to get up in the morning until an attendant came to wake him up at a fixed time, even if he work up earlier.
Japanese: 朝は早く目が覚めても、定時に側の者が起こしに行くまでは起床しないという拘りがあった。
English: Originally Masamune was experimenting on cooking to develop military provisions, but he pursued cooking in search of gourmet meals once the Warring States period was over and the society was at peace.
Japanese: 元々は兵糧開発のために行っていたのだが、戦国が終わり太平の世になると美食を極めるために料理の研究をしていた。
English: Masamune left a wise saying regarding cooking in "Meigosyu" (collection of remarks by Masamune in his life time), "serving a meal means to modestly provide a seasonal food cooked by the host himself, to entertain his guest.
Japanese: 政宗は、料理について「馳走とは旬の品をさり気なく出し、主人自ら調理して、もてなす事である」と言う名言を命期集に残している。
English: Masamune built storehouses of Miso (fermented soybean paste) in the castle town of the Sendai-jo Castle, and this example is considered to be the first establishment of a large-scale Miso manufacturing system in Japan.
Japanese: また仙台城下では味噌倉を建てていたが、大規模な味噌生産体制が行われたのは、これが最初といわれているという。
English: Specialties of Iwadeyama, kori-dofu (frozen bean curd) and Natto (fermented soybeans) were the results of the study of cooking developed by Masamune, while those foods were originally intended for the usage as military provisions.
Japanese: 岩出山名物の凍り豆腐と納豆は、政宗の料理研究の末に開発されたものであるが、元々は兵糧用だった。
English: Masamune appeared to have had many hobbies other than cooking, thus it is said he did not waste even a single day in his later years.
Japanese: 料理の他にも多くの趣味を持ち、晩年は一日たりとも無駄に過ごすことがなかったと言う。
English: He was a smoker, and he smoked 3 times a day in regular basis, after getting up, at noon, and before sleeping.
Japanese: 喫煙者で、毎日起床後・昼・睡眠前と、規則正しく3回煙草を吸っていた。
English: Masamune gives impression as a person with no unguarded moment, but he could not keep control only of his drinking habit, and left some stories regarding his failures under the influence of alcohol.
Japanese: 隙のない印象の政宗であるが、酒にだけは滅法弱く、酔って失敗した逸話がいくつか残されている。
English: Among those stories, there is an outstanding one that Masamune even missed a meeting with Shogun Hidetada due to the hangover from drinking, while he made his way out by pretending to be sick.
Japanese: 中には将軍秀忠との約束を二日酔いですっぽかし、仮病を使って言い抜けたという話まである。
English: The mask of Darth Vader appeared in the movie "Star Wars" was modeled after the kabuto (a headpiece of a Japanese warrior) of "the black-lacquered armor with 5 pieced cuirass used by Masamune DATE," which is currently owned by Sendai City Museum.
Japanese: 映画『スター・ウォーズ』のダース・ベイダーのマスクは仙台市博物館所蔵の「黒漆五枚胴具足伊達政宗所用」の兜をモチーフにデザインされた。
English: When Masamune visited his young brother Shuyu, who was at the Daihigan-ji Temple as a disciple of the 13th chief priest Kaiyo, they had a talk in various topics; Masamune was pleased with Japonica flowers in a garden and asked for them; in return he sent Garyubai (Lying-dragon plum) to the Daihigan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 大悲願寺13世海譽の元で弟子として在山していた弟・秀雄のもとを政宗が訪れ四方山話をし庭にあった白萩を気に入り所望し貰い受け、臥龍梅を大悲願寺に贈った。
English: "Masamune pursued the precepts of a warlord, while he was also after studies and learning, and then he thought and dreamed of foreign affairs to actually conducted the negotiations with foreigners."
Japanese: 「政宗は、武将の道を修め、学問にも通じ、外国の事情にも思いをはせて交渉を命じた。
English: A unique form of a ceremonial rhythmic hand clapping called Date Ipponjime (three sets of three claps and one final clap performed at the end of a special event) associated with the first lord of Sendai Domain Masamune DATE has been transmitted at the family temple of Mitsumune DATE, the Entsu-in Temple located in Matsushima-cho, Miyagi District, Miyagi Prefecture.
Japanese: 宮城県宮城郡松島町にある伊達光宗の菩提寺円通院には、伊達一本締めという仙台藩祖・伊達政宗ゆかりの一本締めが伝承されている。
English: Ipponjime consists of three claps and one final clap as "Iyo'o (call), clap clap clap! Iyo'o, clap!" and this combination of "3" and "1" represents "Sangokuichi" (the word is used to mean "unparalleled in Japan, China and India" meaning unparallel in the world), metaphorical to the dream of Masamune who sought for ruling Japan.
Japanese: 「いよ～っ、パパパン！、いよ～っ、パン！」という「3」と「1」の拍子の組み合わせが「三国一」を表しており天下を狙った政宗の夢が込められている。
English: The ambassador of the Keicho Mission, Tsunenaga HASEKURA was also sent off with this "Date Ipponjime," although this custom was concealed and disappeared not to reveal its hidden meaning, once TOKUGAWA shogunate became stable and solid.
Japanese: 慶長遣欧使節の支倉常長もこの”伊達一本締め”で見送られ、徳川政権が安定してからは秘めた意味が露見しないよう姿を消したと言われている。
English: Therefore, there is no reference left regarding Date Ipponjime details; it was handed down for generations only within the Entsu-in Temple associated with Date clan.
Japanese: そのため資料が一切残っておらず、伊達家所縁の円通院に代々人づてに伝えられていた。
English: It is considered that Masamune had repeatedly plotted to usurp the position of ruling the country by taking any opportunity since the time of the reign of Toyotomi clan.
Japanese: 政宗は豊臣政権時代から、隙あらば天下を簒奪しようと何度も策略していたとされている。
English: During the Siege of Odawara led by Hideyoshi, Masamune made an excuse for his delay in joining the battle, stating that he was "so busy with the management" of Oshu, especially the territory of Ashina clan that he newly acquired.
Japanese: 秀吉の小田原の役のとき、参陣に遅延したのは、奥州、特に新たに手に入れた芦名家領土の「経略多端」の故と弁明している。
English: Masamune tried to overthrew Hideyoshi, by first overcoming the influence of Satake clan, and then joining hands with his ally, Gohojo clan.
Japanese: 佐竹氏一派と対抗し、同盟関係にあった後北条氏と手を結んで秀吉を倒そうとした。
English: It seems that Masamune planned to organize allied forces of territorial lords of Oshu led by Date clan, and then the forces would cooperate with Gohojo clan, while he also anticipated and waited for the rise of seditious groups within the Toyotomi administration such as Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: また、伊達家を中心に奥州の諸大名の連合軍を組織し後北条氏と連携、徳川家康ら豊臣家中の不穏分子の蜂起を待つという構想も持っていたようだ。
English: During the Battle of Sekigahara, Masamune took in Tadachika WADA to promote a revolt in order to invade the territory of Toshinao NANBU, but his scheme failed.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いのとき、和賀忠親を扇動して南部利直の領土を侵略しようとしたが失敗した。
English: There is a theory stating that the territorial value of his own land right before the Battle of Sekigahara, presented as 580,000 koku, had been calculated with the outdated measurement unit used before the scale and measurement revision, which was based on the unit of 1 tan (991.74m²) equal to 360 bu (1 bu was 3.3m²).
Japanese: 政宗の関ヶ原直前の所領58万石は度量衡改定以前の一反三百六十歩で計算されたものという説がある。
English: If this theory is true, the recalculated territorial value increases to 670,000 koku if applied with the unit defined as 1 tan equal to 300 bu by Toyotomi administration.
Japanese: これが正しいとすると豊臣政権において定められた一反三百歩で計算した場合、67万石にまで上昇する。
English: Sendai Plain has plenty of land spaces suitable for reclamation such as triangle sandbars, therefore the territory had a room for growth from the original condition.
Japanese: また仙台平野には開墾に適した三角州などの土地が多数存在し、当初から土地には余裕があった。
English: After the Sekigahara War, Masamune encouraged each proprietor of a domain for reclamation works by introducing a system to award the reclaimed land as a domain of the developer; this system promoted the development of new rice fields in the Sendai Plain.
Japanese: 政宗は関ヶ原以降、開拓地を知行として与える方式を取りら各領主に開墾を奨励、仙台平野の新田開発を推し進めた。
English: (In 1628, the lord of the Shiroishi-jo Castle Shigenaga KATAKURA conducted the development of a new rice field, and newly acquired the territory of worth 1,000 koku.)
Japanese: （1628年には、白石城主片倉重長が新田開発を行い千石相当の石高を新たに獲得している。）
English: The reclamation work started by Masamune was taken over by the succeeding feudal lords of the domain, therefore the actual land value of Sendai Domain rapidly increased.
Japanese: この政宗に始まる開墾事業は後の藩主たちにも受け継がれ、仙台藩の実高はみるみる増大した。
English: A century later, Sendai Domain became one of the largest domains in Japan by mid Edo period, which was considered to reach 2,000,000 koku in its actual territorial value.
Japanese: 100年後の江戸時代中期には実高200万石とも謳われる日本最大級の藩に成長した。
English: Since the time Masamune had started forwarding the rice to Edo, most of the rice supplied to Edo became the produce of Sendai Domain, thus the market price of rice in Edo was controlled and depended on the crop conditions in Sendai.
Japanese: 政宗が江戸に廻送を始めて以降、江戸に供給される米の大半は仙台の米となり、作の豊凶は江戸の米相場を支配するほどであった。
English: At its height, one third of the face value of Sendai Domain, 200,000 koku of rice was sent to Edo.
Japanese: 最盛期には表高の1/3にあたる二十万石もの米が江戸に出荷されていた。
English: In 1732, rice price had a sharp rise in Edo due to poor harvest in the western part of Japan by locust plague, therefore double amount of rice was shipped from Sendai Domain compared to an average year.
Japanese: 享保17年（1732年）には、西国の蝗害により江戸で米価の暴騰が起こり、例年の倍以上の米が出荷されたとある。
English: The wealth of Sendai Domain was widely known throughout Japan; "Dokusyo-Yoteki" (readings from a dripping of a pen) written by Sokken YASUI describes its territorial value as "over 2,000,000 koku," while "Tosenpuron" (the critics and reformation plan for politics) written by Banri HOASHI states as "2,500,000" koku.
Japanese: この豊かさは広く知られており、安井息軒の『読書余滴』に「二百万石余」、帆足万里の『東潜夫論』には「二百五十万石」との記述がある。
English: Plotting to overthrow bakufu, Masamune dispatched Tsunenaga HASEKURA to Rome as an ambassador (the Keicho era mission to Europe).
Japanese: 政宗は幕府転覆を図るために、支倉常長を使者としてローマに派遣した（慶長遣欧使節）。
English: While Tsunenaga HASEKURA was negotiating with Rome for concluding military alliance, he told King Felipe III as follows;
Japanese: 支倉常長はローマとの軍事同盟交渉のとき、国王・フェリペ3世に対して、以下のように発言している。
English: A missionary of Spain under the care of Sendai Domain, Jeronimo de Angelis also sent the following letter to his country;
Japanese: また、仙台藩の庇護を受けていた宣教師のジェロニモ・デ・アンジェリスも、次のような手紙を本国に送っている。
English: "Tenkadono (Ieyasu) was aware of the mission dispatched by Masamune to meet with the King of Spain, and he thought Masamune was thinking of a revolt against Tenka (Ieyasu, meaning the whole country).
Japanese: 「テンカドノ（家康）は政宗がスペイン国王に遣わした使節のことを知っており、政宗はテンカに対して謀反を起こす気であると考えていた。
English: They (Ieyasu and his son, Hidetada) thought that Masamune dispatched an ambassador (Tsunenaga HASEKURA) to join hands with the King of Spain and Christian Authority, as a preparation for a revolt against Tenka."
Japanese: 彼ら（家康・秀忠父子）は政宗がテンカに対して謀反を起こすため、スペイン国王およびキリシタンと手を結ぶ目的で大使（支倉常長）を派遣したと考えた」
English: This historical fact, that a single Japanese person was allowed to meet with the Pope in this period of time, is an achievement worth mentioning among other events in the diplomatic history of Japan.
Japanese: この時代の日本人がローマ教皇に謁見した史実は、日本の外交史の中で特筆される実績である。
English: Many descendants of the retainers of Sendai Domain who remained and settled in Coria del Rio of Spain still exist there.
Japanese: また、今でもスペインのコリア・デル・リオには現地に留まった仙台藩士の末裔が多数存在する。
English: It is considered that Masamune thought of the scenario of the decisive battle against the army of bakufu seeking for the reign of Japan, then he was preparing a draft tactical strategy on a map for this battle as "an internal tentative strategy upon the order of the council of war of Sendai Domain."
Japanese: また、政宗は幕府軍と天下を賭けて戦うことになった場合には、という、幕府軍との決戦に備えた図上演習、すなわち作戦立案をしていたと言われている。