nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: It is not clear under which master he was trained in calligraphy, but he went to China in 804, and upon returning to Kyoto he brought back with him the Seventeen Books of O Gishi (Wang Xizhi) as well as calligraphy textbooks and works of calligraphy by O Kenshi (Wang Xianzhi), O Yo-Jun and Cho Suiryo (Chu Suiliang).
Japanese: 書道における師承は明らかでないが、804年に入唐し、帰朝に当って王羲之の十七帖、王献之、欧陽詢、チョ遂良などの筆跡や法帖類を持ち帰った。
English: This is a sekitoku (a letter written in Chinese) dated November 25, 813, and addressed to his disciple, Taihan, whom Saicho had sent to study Shingon Buddhism under Kukai.
Japanese: 最澄が空海のもとで真言を学ばせていた弟子の泰範に宛てて、弘仁4年（813年）11月25日付で書いた尺牘（せきとく、漢文の書状）である。
English: This is a catalogue of instruments used in Buddhism, kyoso (notes on sutras) and written works related to Tendai Buddhism that he either collected or transcribed in Yuezhou (Zhejiang) while he was in China in 805.
Japanese: 在唐中、最澄が越州（浙江）で蒐集または抄写した経疏、天台関係の文書、法具などの目録で、延暦24年（805年）に書かれたものである。
English: This is a fragment from a catalogue of items that were requested to be brought back from China, which were presented to Mt. Hiei-zan by Saicho in 811, and named so because of the characters found on the first line.
Japanese: 最澄が唐からの請来品を弘仁2年（811年）比叡山に奉納した目録の断片で、その初行の文字によってこの名がある。
English: Rennyo (April 4, 1415 to May 5, 1499) was a priest of Jodoshin-shu sect (True Pure Land Sect) of Buddhism during the Muromachi Period.
Japanese: 蓮如（れんにょ、応永22年2月25日(旧暦)〈1415年4月4日〉-明応8年3月25日(旧暦)〈1499年5月5日〉）は室町時代の浄土真宗の僧である。
English: In 1882, he was given an additional posthumous honorific title of 'Eto Daishi' (The Great Teacher Eto) by Emperor Meiji.
Japanese: 明治15年（1882年）に、明治天皇より「慧燈大師」の諡を追贈されている。
English: Even though he belongs to the direct line of disciples of Shinran, Hongan-ji Temple at the time of Rennyo's birth was in an extreme state of decline in contrast to other schools of Buddhism and other sects within Jodoshin-shu, such Shinshu Bukkoji Sect in particular, that were flourishing.
Japanese: 親鸞の直系とはいえ蓮如が生まれた時の本願寺は、他宗や浄土真宗他派、特に真宗佛光寺派の興隆に対し、衰退の極みにあった。
English: He revived Hongan-ji Temple and established the foundation of the present day Hongan-ji Order (Hongan-ji and Otani denominations of Jodoshin-shu).
Japanese: その本願寺を中興し、現在の本願寺教団（浄土真宗本願寺派・真宗大谷派）の礎を築いた。
English: In order to be consistent with "Ofumi (Gobunsho)" the lunar calendar is used (except for the dates of birth and death).
Japanese: 日付は、『御文（御文章）』との整合を保つ為、旧暦表示（性歿年月日を除く）とした。
English: He was born on April 4, 1415, at Hongan-ji Temple (near present day Sotai-in Hall (a small hall located within Chion-in Temple)) in Higashiyama, Kyoto, as the eldest child of the 7th generation leader of Hongan-ji Temple, Zonnyo.
Japanese: 応永22年2月25日(旧暦)（1415年4月4日）、京都東山の本願寺（現、崇泰院（そうたいいん）〔知恩院塔頭〕付近）にて、本願寺第七世・存如の長子として生まれる。
English: His biological mother left Hongan-ji Temple when Zonnyo married a legal wife, and her whereabouts were unknown.
Japanese: 存如が本妻を迎えるにあたって、生母は本願寺を退出しその後行方知れず。
English: As opposed to Bukko-ji Temple's prosperity, Hongan-ji Temple, during Rennyo's infancy, was in a state of extreme decline, and even the visitors who came to pay respects (the monks at Katada Hompuku-ji Temple who later became Rennyo's supporters) were so disappointed by the desolate appearance of Hongan-ji Temple that they went to visit Bukko-ji Temple instead.
Japanese: 蓮如幼年期の本願寺は、仏光寺の隆盛に比し、不振の極にあり、参拝者（後に蓮如の支援者となった堅田本福寺の法住ら）が余りにも寂れた本願寺の有様を見て呆れ、仏光寺へ参拝したほどであった。
English: Later, he studied at Daijo-in Hall within Kofuku-ji Temple under Keikaku, who was related to Hongan-ji Temple through marriage (the mother is considered to be from the Otani family (Hongan-ji Temple), and Keikaku is presumed to be a cousin of the father, Zonnyo).
Japanese: その後、本願寺と姻戚関係にあった興福寺大乗院経覚（母方が大谷家（本願寺）の出とされ、父・存如の従兄弟と推定されている）について修学。
English: "Jodofumi Ruishusho" dated May 12, 1434 (lunar calendar) is currently the oldest transcription by Rennyo.
Japanese: 永享6年（1434年）5月12日(旧暦)の識語をもつ『浄土文類聚鈔』が、蓮如の書写になる現存最古のもの。
English: Regarding the successor for the position, there was a movement to support Ogen (Rensho), who was his younger brother by a different mother, but based on the assertion of his uncle, Senyu (Nyojo) it was decided that Rennyo would take over the position.
Japanese: 継職にあたり異母弟・応玄（蓮照）を擁立する動きもあったが、叔父宣祐（如乗）の主張により蓮如の就任が決定する。
English: It is said that among the letters written by the successive chief priests and addressed to their successors, only Zonnyo's is defunct (even though Rennyo's biological son, Jitsugo, insisted that the letter did exist, but there was no conclusive evidence), and based on this, there is a theory that states that this was a form of coup d'etat by Senyu (Nyojo).
Japanese: なお、歴代住職が後継者にあてた譲状が存如筆のものだけ現存しないとされる（蓮如実子の実悟は譲状は存在したと主張しているが確証はない）事から宣祐（如乗）による一種のクーデター説もある。
English: It is said that at this time, Ogen and the stepmother were so angry that they left with most of the family belongings.
Japanese: この時、応玄と継母は怒りの余り家財のほとんどを持ち出してしまったと伝えられる。
English: Hongan-ji Temple during this period was full of problems, and it had lost its status as the main temple within its religious denomination, and it had fallen to the status of merely one of the temples under Seiren-in Temple.
Japanese: このころの本願寺は多難で、宗派の中心寺院としての格を失い青蓮院の一末寺に転落していた。
English: As to the religious denomination, there was a strong repression from Mt. Hiei-zan Enryaku-ji Temple, which was the main temple of Seiren-in Temple.
Japanese: 宗派に対しても青蓮院の本寺であった比叡山延暦寺から激しく弾圧がくわえられた。
English: On January 8, 1465 (lunar calendar), Enryaku-ji Temple certified that Hongan-ji Temple and Rennyo were the 'enemies of Buddha.'
Japanese: 寛正6年（1465年）1月8日(旧暦)、延暦寺は本願寺と蓮如を「仏敵」と認定。
English: Furthermore, Shine of Senju-ji Temple (Shin Buddhism Takada denomination), with whom he had formed a close friendship, had warned him of ending their friendship as an act of protest against Hongan-ji taking over one of the temples under Shine (Kansei adversity).
Japanese: 更に蓮如とは親友の間柄であった専修寺（真宗高田派）の真慧が自己の末寺を本願寺に引き抜かれた事に抗議して絶縁を通告した（寛正の法難）。
English: In 1469, under the auspices of Onjo-ji Temple, he built Kensho-ji Temple in Otsu Minami Bessho, and he enshrined the statue of the founder at the temple with Junnyo as the chief priest.
Japanese: 応仁3年（1469年）、園城寺の庇護のもとに大津南別所に顕証寺を建立、順如を住持として祖像を同寺に置く。
English: Around this area, residence for monks and Tamon (lodging for the visiting believers) stood, and a terauchi machi began to take shape.
Japanese: 一帯には坊舎や多屋（門徒が参詣する為の宿泊所）が立ち並び、寺内町が形成されていった。
English: In 1474, because of an internal strife within the Togashi Clan of Kaga Province he received a request to support Masachika TOGASHI.
Japanese: 文明6年（1474年）、加賀国守護富樫氏の内紛で富樫政親から支援の依頼を受ける。
English: As soon as Rennyo learned that the opposing Kochiyo TOGASHI allied himself with Takada denomination of Shin Buddhism, he cooperated with Masachika and destroyed Kochiyo in order to maintain his religious order from Takada denomination's pressure.
Japanese: 蓮如は対立する富樫幸千代が真宗高田派と組んだ事を知ると、同派の圧迫から教団を維持するために政親と協力して幸千代らを滅ぼした。
English: However, Masachika became afraid of people of Kaga gathering under Rennyo, and he became unfriendly with Rennyo.
Japanese: だが、加賀の民衆が次第に蓮如の下に集まる事を政親が危惧して軋轢を生じた。
English: Furthermore, Renso SHIMOTSUMA, who was under the supervision of Rennyo, instigated an uprising under a false order from Rennyo (however, views are split on whether Rennyo and those associated with Hongan-ji Temple were completely unaware of Renso's actions).
Japanese: 更に蓮如の配下だった下間蓮崇が蓮如の命令と偽っての扇動を行った（ただし、蓮如ら本願寺関係者が蓮崇の行動に対して全く関知していなかったのかどうかについては意見が分かれている）。
English: In September, 1496, he constructed Ishiyama-gobo Temple on the grounds of Ishiyama. Osaka, and used it as his residence.
Japanese: 明応5年（1496年）9月、大坂石山の地に石山御坊を建立し、居所とした。
English: On February 20 (lunar calendar), 1499, he returned and visited Yamashina Hongan-ji Temple from Ishiyama-gobo Temple upon his death.
Japanese: 明応8年（1499年）2月20日(旧暦)、死に際し石山御坊より山科本願寺に帰参。
English: On March 25, 1499, he passed away at the age of 85 at Yamashina Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 同年3月25日（1499年5月5日）、山科本願寺において、85歳で入滅する。
English: He propagated his teaching mainly through the use of "Ofumi (Ofumisho)," which was the teaching explained in a comprehensive form of a letter.
Japanese: 蓮如の布教は、教義を消息（手紙）の形で分かりやすく説いた『御文（御文章）』を中心に行なわれた。
English: Later, Rennyo's grandson, Ennyo, collected and edited them into 5 books of 80 letters ("Gojo Ofumi (The Five Book Letters)") (The letters that were not included here are called "Jogai Ofumi (Out of the Book Letters)" and amounts to twice as many in number).
Japanese: のちに蓮如の孫、円如がこれを収集して五帖80通（『五帖御文』）にまとめた（これに含まれない消息は『帖外御文』と言われ、倍くらいの数の消息が数えられている）。
English: The term "Ofumi" is used only in the Otani denomination of Shin Buddhism, and the term "Ofumi-sho" is used only in the Hongan-ji denomination of Jodoshin-shu.
Japanese: 『御文』という呼び方は、真宗大谷派にて用いられ、『御文章』という呼び方は浄土真宗本願寺派にて用いられる。
English: In March, 1473, he released Shinran's 'Sanjo Wasan' from "Shoshin nembutsuge (Shoshinge)," and he established the practice of his disciples using it during the morning and evening devotional exercises.
Japanese: 文明5年（1473年）3月、吉崎で親鸞の『正信念仏偈（正信偈）』「三帖和讃」を開版し、門徒たちの朝夕の勤行に用いるよう制定した。
English: Other than that, there remains "Rennyo Shonin Goichidai-ki Kikigaki (Rennyo Shonin Goichidai Kikigaki)" (316 items in total), which is a collection of writings based on Rennyo's actions and words recorded, transcribed and passed down by Rennyo's disciples after his death.
Japanese: その他、蓮如の死後に弟子たちが蓮如の言行録を写し継いだ書物として『蓮如上人御一代記聞書（蓮如上人御一代聞書）』（全316箇条）が、残されている。
English: ABE no Seimei (Haruakira, Hareaki, 921? to October 31, 1005) was one of the most famous Ommyoji (Ommyo diviner), and he is the ancestor of the Abe clan (Tsuchimikado family) who was responsible for Ommyo-ryo (Bureau of Yin and Yang) from the Kamakura Period to the early Meiji Period.
Japanese: 安倍晴明（あべのせいめい/はるあきら/はれあき、延喜21年（921年）?-寛弘2年9月26日(旧暦)（1005年10月31日））は、平安時代の最も有名な陰陽師の一人であり、鎌倉時代から明治時代初めまで陰陽寮を統括した阿倍氏（土御門家）の祖である。
English: He was a great Ommyoji who was trusted by aristocrats during the Heian Period, and he was also an expert who had a remarkable knowledge of the art of Ommyodo (the Way of Yin and Yang), such as divination and 'ancient astrology,' which was the most advanced form of magic and science at the time, and many legendary anecdotes have been created based on mystified stories about him.
Japanese: 当時最先端の呪術・科学であった「天文道」や占いなどの陰陽道の技術に関して卓越した知識を持ったエキスパートであり、平安貴族たちの信頼を受けた大陰陽師で、その事跡は神秘化されて数多くの伝説的逸話を生んでいった。
English: His name is used as the author of "Hoki-Naiden" (also known as "Kinu-Gyokuto shu"), a book of secrets which later became the canon in Ommyodo.
Japanese: 後世に陰陽道の経典となる秘伝書『ほき内伝』（ほきないでん、別名『金烏玉兎集』）の著者に仮託されている。
English: In particular, because a novel by Baku YUMEMAKURA (later made into a manga and a movie) recently became a big hit, Seimei-jinja Shrine in Kyoto became so popular that it has been full of visitors.
Japanese: 特に近年では夢枕獏の小説（のち漫画・映画化）のヒットにより、京都にある晴明神社が人であふれかえるほどの大ブームとなった。
English: According to the family tree of the Abe clan, ABE no Seimei was born in Abeno, Settsu Province (present day Abeno Ward, Osaka City), as a son of ABE no Masuki, a low-ranking aristocrat who had the rank of Daizenshiki (there is also a lore that places Abe, Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture as his birth place).
Japanese: 安倍晴明は、阿倍氏の伝える系図によると、大膳職の官にある下級貴族安倍益材（あべのますき）の子として摂津国阿倍野（現・大阪市阿倍野区）に生まれた（奈良県桜井市安倍を生誕の地とする伝承もある）。
English: He is also known as a descendant of ABE no Nakamaro, but the view that considers him as a direct descendant of Udaijin (Minister of the Right), ABE no Miushi, whose name also appears in "The Tale of Bamboo-Cutter," is dominant.
Japanese: 阿倍仲麻呂の子孫を称するが、系図では『竹取物語』にもその名が登場する右大臣阿倍御主人の直系の子孫であるという説が有力である。
English: However, because ABE no Sukune Seimei, instead of ABE no Ason Seimei, appears often in a group of ancient documents, and based on the practice at that time of strictly placing "Ason" above "Sukune," there is a view that considers him as a descendant of NANIWA no Imiki (later sukune) of the NANIWA no Kishi clan instead of a family that bears the ABE no Ason family name that originates from ABE no Miushi.
Japanese: また、一部の古文書では安倍朝臣晴明ではなく安倍宿禰晴明と記載されるものが散見されるため、「朝臣」を「宿禰」の上位に厳格に位置づける当時の慣習から考えて、安倍御主人からの安倍朝臣姓の家系ではなく、難波吉士族の難波忌寸（のち宿禰）の末裔ではないかとする説もある。
English: The year of his birth is uncertain, but because it has been recorded that he passed away at the age of 85 in 1005, it can be estimated that he was born in 921 by counting backwards.
Japanese: 生年は定かではないが、寛弘二年九月（1005年）に85歳で亡くなったと記録されていることから逆算して延喜二十一年（921年）生まれと推定される。
English: There are no reliable records of his childhood, but it is said that he learned Ommyodo and was initiated into the ancient astrology from the Ommyoji father-and-son pair, KAMO no Tadayuki and KAMO no Yasunori.
Japanese: 幼少の頃については確かな記録がないが、陰陽師賀茂忠行・賀茂保憲父子に陰陽道を学び、天文道を伝授されたということになっている。
English: Reliable records appear from 960, and Seimei, who was a student of ancient astrology (the studenthood belonging to the Office of Ommyo to learn ancient astrology from the scholar of ancient astrology), was ordered by Emperor Murakami to perform a divinatory reading.
Japanese: 確かな記録に現れるのは960年で、当時天文得業生（陰陽寮に所属し天文博士から天文道を学ぶ学生の職）であった晴明は村上天皇に占いを命ぜられた。
English: His career advancement occurred late, but it can be seen that his talent in divinatory reading had already been acknowledged in the aristocratic circles.
Japanese: 出世は遅れていたが占いの才能は既に貴族社会で認められていたことが伺える。
English: In 979, by the order of the heir to the throne then (later Emperor Kazan), Seimei, at the age of 59, conducted a ritual to suppress the tengu (long-nosed goblins) of Mt. Nachi-san.
Japanese: 979年、59歳の晴明は当時の皇太子（後の花山天皇）の命で那智山(山)の天狗を封ずる儀式を行う。
English: It seems that he began to gain Emperor Kazan's trust from around this time, and records begin to show that Seimei often performed divinatory readings and Ommyodo rituals.
Japanese: このころから花山天皇の信頼を受けるようになったようで、記録にしばしば晴明が占いや陰陽道の儀式を行った様子が見られるようになる。
English: After Emperor Kazan stepped down he began to gain trust from Emperor Ichijo and FUJIWARA no Michinaga, and this fact can be seen from the diaries of aristocrats from that time, such as Michinaga's diary, "Mido Kampaku ki."
Japanese: 花山天皇の退位後は、一条天皇や藤原道長の信頼を集めるようになったことが、道長の日記『御堂関白記』などの当時の貴族の日記から分かる。
English: Seimei, who became very famous as an Ommyoji, was recognized for his talent in calculation, which he gained through ancient astrology, and he moved to Kazue-ryo (Office of Accounting) and worked as Kazue no Gon-no-suke (Deputy Director of Office of Accounting).
Japanese: 陰陽師として名声を極めた晴明は、天文道で培った計算能力をかわれて主計寮に異動し主計権助を務めた。
English: Later, he held positions in Kyoshiki (Kyoto Police Office), Kokuso-in (Grain Warehouse), Harima Province and so on, and his courtly rank was elevated to Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade).
Japanese: その後、京職、穀倉院、播磨国などの官を歴任し、位は従四位下にのぼった。
English: Furthermore, Seimei's two sons, ABE no Yoshimasa and ABE no Yoshihira, were assigned as the scholar of the ancient astrology and Ommyojo (Deputy Minister of Ommyo-ryo), and during Seimei's generation alone the Abe clan became an Ommyodo family, just like Tadayuki MORO of the Kamo clan.
Japanese: さらに天文博士や陰陽助（陰陽寮の次官）に晴明の二人の息子安倍吉昌と安倍吉平が任ぜられ、安倍氏は晴明一代の間に師忠行の賀茂氏と並ぶ陰陽道の家となっていった。
English: Shrines that enshrine ABE no Seimei exist in various locations throughout the country such as Seimei-jinja Shrine near Ichijo-modori-bashi Bridge, which is said to have been constructed on the former grounds of his mansion, and ABE no Seimei-jinja Shrine which is said to have been constructed in his birth place of Abeno Ward, Osaka City.
Japanese: 安倍晴明を祀る神社は、屋敷跡に建てられたという一条戻橋近くの晴明神社や、生誕地の大阪市阿倍野区に建てられたとされる安倍晴明神社など全国各地に存在する。
English: Among his descendants, it is said that Yasuchika ABE at the end of the Heian Period and ABE no Ariyo from the early Muromachi Period were very talented Ommyoji.
Japanese: また子孫では平安時代末期の安倍泰親と室町時代初期の安倍有世が優れた陰陽師であったと言われている。
English: Ariyo was highly trusted by Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, and upon his recommendation he became the very first Ommyoji to be a noble.
Japanese: 有世は足利義満から信頼され、その推挙で陰陽師では初めて公卿となった。
English: Ariyo's descendants began to use the name Tsuchimikado from the latter part of the Muromachi Period, and they cast a strong influence not only in Ommyodo but also in Shintoism and in the field of almanacs.
Japanese: 有世の子孫は室町時代後期頃から土御門家を名乗り陰陽道のみならず神道や暦などの分野にも大きな影響力を持つ事になる。
English: From then on until the Edo Period, the Tsuchimikado family elevated the family's rank by passing down the key positions in astrology in the Shogunate and Ommyo-ryo in the Imperial Court to the successive generations within the family.
Japanese: 土御門家は以後江戸時代まで幕府の天文職と朝廷の陰陽寮の要職を累代に継承して家門の格を高めた。
English: The last person associated with Ommyo-ryo from the Tsuchimikado family was Harue TSUCHIMIKADO, who saw through the end of Ommyo-ryo during the early part of the Meiji Period, and who was also a son of Haruo (Hareo, Haretake) TSUCHIMIKADO, who worked during the end of the Edo Period.
Japanese: 土御門家最後の陰陽寮関連人物は幕末に活動した土御門晴雄の息子で、明治初期に陰陽寮の最後を見守った土御門晴栄である。
English: Historical tale of "Okagami" and collections of narratives such as "The Tale of Times Now Past," "The Tale of Ujishui" and "Jukkinsho" contain several mysterious anecdotes related to Seimei.
Japanese: 歴史物語の『大鏡』や説話集の『今昔物語』『宇治拾遺物語』『十訓抄』はいくつかの晴明に関する神秘的な逸話を載せる。
English: When Emperor Kazan was about to give up his crown and to become an ordained monk, Seimei detected that through astrology, and as he tried to send an urgent message to the Imperial Court using Shikishin (a form of magic or divination) the Emperor was just heading toward the temple at that time.
Japanese: 花山天皇が帝位を捨てて出家しようとした時、晴明は天文を見てそれを察知し、式神を使って朝廷に急報しようとしたが、ちょうどその時天皇は寺に向かっているところだった。
English: In his childhood, when Seimei was accompanying KAMO no Tadayuki during his night duty, he saw an image of a demon and he notified Tadayuki about it.
Japanese: 晴明が幼少の頃、賀茂忠行の夜行に供をしている時、夜道に鬼の姿を見て忠行に知らせた。
English: Tadayuki realized that Seimei had an extraordinary talent, and he taught him everything about Ommyodo.
Japanese: 忠行は晴明が優れた才能をもつことを悟り、陰陽道のすべてを教え込んだ。
English: Seimei, who became an authority in Ommyodo, was once challenged to compete in magic by an Ommyoji who came from Harima Province, but he easily chastised the challenger.
Japanese: 陰陽道の大家となった晴明は、ある時播磨国から来た陰陽師に術比べを挑まれたが、いともたやすく懲らしめた。
English: He was asked by the nobles, who were also in attendance in front of the high Buddhist priest Kancho of Ninna-ji Temple, to use Ommyodo techniques to kill a frog, and he used his magic to smash and flatten the frog without touching it with his hands.
Japanese: 仁和寺の寛朝僧正のところで、同席した公卿達に陰陽道の技でカエルを殺してみせるようにせがまれ、術を用いて手を触れずにカエルを真平らに潰した。
English: At Seimei's house, they used Shikishin for household chores, and even though there was nobody the gate used to open and close on its own.
Japanese: 晴明の家では式神を家事に使っており、人もいないのに勝手に門が開閉していた。
English: This is a story of Buddhist Priest Chitoku, an Ommyoji from Harima Province, who caught the pirates using his magic, but at the end it is noted that 'Even though Chitoku was a very talented ommyoji, he was no match for Seimei,' and it can be said that he was the Ommyoji from Harima Province in the previous story.
Japanese: 播磨国の陰陽師、智徳法師が方術で海賊を捕らえた物語だが、末尾に「智徳はこれほど優れた陰陽師でありながら晴明にはかなわなかった」と記されているので、前の物語に登場した播磨の陰陽師は彼のことだとわかる。
English: One time, Seimei saw a crow dropping its excrements on a major general who was also a keeper of Imperial archives, he saw through that the crow was really a Shikishin, and he removed the curse that was put on the major general.
Japanese: 晴明がある時、カラスに糞をかけられた蔵人少将を見て、カラスの正体が式神であることを見破り、少将の呪いをといてやった。
English: Surprised, Michinaga let Seimei take a divinatory reading, and Seimei said that he was about to be cursed with a Shikishin and that the dog noticed that, and he found the Ommyoji who used Shikishin to put a curse and arrested him.
Japanese: 驚いた道長が晴明に占わせると、晴明は式神の呪いがかけられそうになっていたのを犬が察知したのだと告げ、式神を使って呪いをかけた陰陽師を見つけ出して捕らえた。
English: Starting with "Ashiya-doman Ouchikagami," ABE no Seimei often appears in works that use the Legend of Arrowroot Leaves as their themes.
Japanese: 『蘆屋道満大内鑑』を始めとして、葛の葉伝承を題材とする作品には、多くの場合安倍晴明が登場する。
English: In "Ashiya-doman Ouchikagami," Seimei is set up as a child born between his father, ABE no Yasuna, and his mother, who was a white fox, that was an avatar of Kuzuha Myojin.
Japanese: 『蘆屋道満大内鑑』では、晴明は父、安倍保名と母、葛葉明神の化身である白狐との間に生まれた子供とされている。
English: Seimei (晴明), in the end, requests the Emperor to change his name to 'Seimei (清明)' which implies purity, and his request is granted.
Japanese: また晴明は最終的には清浄を意味する「清明」への改名を帝に願い出て聞き届けられている。
English: MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune (源義経, or 源 義經) is a busho (Japanese military commander) of Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan) in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 源義経（みなもとのよしつね、源義經）は、平安時代末期の河内源氏の武将。
English: He was born as the ninth son of MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, a legitimate family of Kawachi-Genji, and in his childhood he was called Ushiwakamaru.
Japanese: 河内源氏の嫡流である源義朝の九男として生まれ、幼名牛若丸（うしわかまる）と呼ばれた。
English: After his father was defeated and killed in the Heiji Disturbance, he was confined in Kurama-dera Temple, but later went down to the town of Hiraizumi, Mutsu Province to seek refuge under the protection of FUJIWARA no Hidehira, head of the Oshu-Fujiwara clan.
Japanese: 平治の乱で父が敗死したことにより鞍馬寺に預けられるが、後に陸奥国平泉町へ下り、奥州藤原氏の当主藤原秀衡の庇護を受ける。
English: When his elder brother MINAMOTO no Yoritomo rose up in arms to defeat the Taira clan (Jisho-Juei War), he joined his brother, and after such battles as the Battle of Ichinotani, the Battle of Yashima, and the Battle of Dannoura, he destroyed the Taira clan as the most distinguished contributor to the victory.
Japanese: 兄源頼朝が平氏打倒の兵を挙げる（治承・寿永の乱）とそれに馳せ参じ、一ノ谷の戦い、屋島の戦い、壇ノ浦の戦いの合戦を経て平氏を滅ぼし、その最大の功労者となった。
English: However, after that, when he accepted a title (from the Imperial court) without the previous permission of his brother, this act offended Yoritomo, and moreover, as he tried to become independent, he started to have conflicts with Yoritomo, and condemned Yoritomo and called him the Emperor's enemy.
Japanese: その後、兄の許可を得ることなく官位を受けたことで頼朝の怒りを買い、それに対し自立の動きを見せたため、頼朝と対立し朝敵とされた。
English: When an order to arrest him was issued all over Japan, he again counted on the protection of FUJIWARA no Hidehira, but after Hidehira's death, he was assaulted by the new head of the clan, FUJIWARA no Yasuhira, as he was pressed by Yoritomo, and Yoshitsune, who felt cornered, killed himself at the Koromogawa no Tachi residence.
Japanese: 全国に捕縛の命が伝わると難を逃れ再び藤原秀衡を頼ったが秀衡の死後、頼朝の追及を受けた当主藤原泰衡に攻められ衣川館で自刃し果てた。
English: Many people felt sorry about his death and the public sympathy produced the word, Hogan-biiki (sympathy for Yoshitsune/ sympathy for the underdog, in general), as well as, many legends and histories.
Japanese: その最期は世上多くの人の同情を引き、判官贔屓（ほうがんびいき）という言葉、多くの伝説、物語を産んだ。
English: The appearance of MINAMOTO no Kuro Yoshitsune in documented history lasts only nine years from his first encounter with Yoritomo at Kise-gawa River when he was 22 years old until his suicide at his 31 years of age, and the first half of his life is shadowy, lacking reliable historical materials.
Japanese: 源九朗義経が確かな歴史に現れるのは、黄瀬川で頼朝と対面した22歳から31歳で自害するわずか9年間であり、その前半生は史料と呼べる記録はなく、謎に包まれている。
English: Today's popular story of Ushiwakamaru is based on such pieces as: the short records contained in a history book, "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East), the military epic stories such as "Heiji Monogatari" (The Tale of the Heiji) and "Genpei Seisuiki" (The Rise and Decline of the Minamoto and Taira Clans), and "Gikeiki" (A Military Epic about the Life of Yoshitsune), which is a comprehensive story mixed up with more fiction based upon the above two epic stories.
Japanese: 今日伝わっている牛若丸の物語は、歴史書である『吾妻鏡』に短く記された記録と、『平治物語』や『源平盛衰記』の軍記物語、それらの集大成としてより虚構を加えた物語である『義経記』などによるものである。
English: He was born as the ninth son of MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo, the head of the Kawachi-Genji (Minamoto clan), which is a family descended from the Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) and was called Ushiwakamaru.
Japanese: 清和源氏の流れを汲む河内源氏の当主源義朝の九男として生まれ、牛若丸（うしわかまる）と名付けられる。
English: His father was defeated in the Heiji Disturbance by TAIRA no Kiyomori in 1159, and Ushiwaka, who was in his 2nd year, ran away in the arms of his mother to the mountains of Yamato Province (Nara Prefecture) with his half brothers, Ano-Zenjo and Gien, who were also born from his mother.
Japanese: 父が平治元年（1159年）の平治の乱で平清盛に敗れ、数え年2歳の牛若は、母の腕に抱かれて2人の同母兄・阿野全成、義円とともに大和国（奈良県）の山中を逃亡した。
English: However, when Tokiwa was informed of her real mother's arrest, she went to Kiyomori and begged him for the lives of her three children and her mother, and her petition was accepted.
Japanese: しかし常盤は実母が捕まったことを知ると、清盛の元に出頭して3人の子と母の助命を乞い、その許しを得た。