nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In addition, as the third son of Nobunaga, he had more inheritable blood than Nobutaka, who had been adopted by the Kanbe clan.
Japanese: また、三法師は3男であり神戸氏へ養子に出ている信孝よりも血統的な正統性が強かった。
English: As the conclusion to the issue of territory redistribution, Nobukatsu ODA inherited Owari Province as the second son, and Nobutaka inherited Mino Province as the third son, while HideKatsu HASHIBA, the fourth son of Nobunaga as well as the adopted son of Hideyoshi, inherited Tanba Province, which had been the territory of Mitsuhide AKECHI.
Japanese: 領地再分配では、次男・織田信雄は尾張国を、3男・信孝は美濃国を相続し、信長の4男で秀吉の養子である羽柴秀勝は明智光秀の旧領である丹波国を相続した。
English: For the vassals, Nagahama City, which had been the territory of Hideyoshi, was ceded to Katsuie upon his request, in addition to the ratification of his ownership of Echizen Province, and Nagahide acquired two districts of Omi Province, in addition to the ratification of his ownership of Wakasa Province, and Tsuneoki acquired three districts of Settsu Province.
Japanese: 家臣団へは、勝家が越前国を安堵の上で、勝家の希望から秀吉の領地である長浜市を割譲され、長秀が若狭国安堵の上、近江国の2郡を、恒興は摂津国から3郡を、それぞれ加増された。
English: As the new head of the family, Sanboshi inherited Sakata-gun in the Province of Omi and Azuchi-jo Castle, while Hideyoshi acquired Yamashiro Province.
Japanese: 新当主である三法師は近江国坂田郡と安土城を相続し、秀吉には山城国が与えられた。
English: In the Kiyosu conference, the influence of Katsuie, who had had the biggest say as a head of vassals, was diminished.
Japanese: 清洲会議では、それまで重臣筆頭として最大の発言権を持っていた勝家の影響力が低下した。
English: The conflict generated at the conference led to the Battle of Shizugatake during the following year and influenced the collapse of the Oda family and Hideyoshi's taking the reins of government.
Japanese: この時の対立が翌年の賤ヶ岳の戦いにつながり、織田家の瓦解と秀吉の天下取りへ影響する。
English: It is said to have been the plan of Yoshitaka KURODA, a trustworthy assistant of Hideyoshi, that Hideyoshi backed up Sanboshi in the conference and that the consensus was secretly built among other chief vassals in advance.
Japanese: 秀吉が三法師を推したのは腹心の黒田孝高（官兵衛）の策で、他の宿老たちにも根回しが行き渡っていたと言われる。
English: The Battle of Kyushu was a general name for battles between Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI (surname "Toyotomi" was bestowed on September 9, 1586) and the Shimazu clan from August and September 1586 to May and June 1587.
Japanese: 九州の役（きゅうしゅうのえき）は、天正14年（1586年）7月から同15年（1587年）4月にかけて行われた、豊臣秀吉（1586年9月9日、豊臣賜姓）と島津氏との戦いの総称である。
English: In Kyushu at that time, the Shimazu clan in Satsuma Province had defeated the Ito clan in Hyuga Province, the Sagara and Aso clans in Higo Province, and the Arima and the Ryuzoji clans in Hizen Province.
Japanese: 九州地方は当時、薩摩国の島津氏が日向国の伊東氏、肥後国の相良氏、阿蘇氏、肥前国の有馬氏、龍造寺氏などを下していた。
English: Having also conquered the territories of local lords in Chikugo Province, where the domination by the Otomo clan had weakened as the result of the death of Dosetsu TACHIBANA, a powerful leader of the Otomo clan, the Shimazu clan was just about to establish its rule over the entire island of Kyushu.
Japanese: さらに大友氏の重鎮立花道雪の死により大友氏の支配が緩んだ筑後国の諸国人衆も傘下に収め、九州統一を目前にしていた。
English: In order to avoid pressure from the Shimazu clan, Yoshishige OTOMO in Bungo Province asked for the help of Hideyoshi HASHIBA, who had suppressed Kinki, Shikoku, and Chugoku regions aiming at the unification of the whole country.
Japanese: 豊後国の大友義鎮は、島津氏の圧迫を回避するため、当時近畿、四国、中国地方を平定し天下統一の道を歩んでいた羽柴秀吉に助けを求める。
English: In response to this, Hideyoshi who had become a chancellor, ordered the Shimazu clan and the Otomo clan to cease fire by authority of the imperial court (sobuji rei - Peace edicts) in October 1585.
Japanese: これを受け、関白となった秀吉は、1585年（天正13年）10月島津氏と大友氏に朝廷権威を以て停戦を命令（惣無事令）した。
English: However, the Shimazu clan ignored the order and continued to fight battles in order to establish its rule over Kyushu, which made Hideyoshi decide to invade Kyushu.
Japanese: しかし島津氏はこれを黙殺して九州統一戦を進めたため、秀吉は九州攻めに踏み切った。
English: To finish the unification of Kyushu, the Shimazu clan started to invade Buzen, Bungo, and Chikuzen Provinces, which were territories of the Otomo clan.
Japanese: 島津氏は九州統一の総仕上げとして、大友氏所領である豊前国・豊後と筑前国への侵攻を開始した。
English: Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, who intended to establish his rule over Kyushu before Hideyoshi arrived, started to invade Chikuzen Province in June 1598 and brought the western half of the province under his control.
Japanese: 秀吉の到着前に九州統一を成し遂げたかった島津義弘は1586年（天正14年）6月筑前侵攻を開始、筑前の西半を制圧する。
English: What remained for him were Iwaya-jo Castle defended by Joun TAKAHASHI, Tachibana-jo Castle defended by Muneshige TACHIBANA, and Homanyama-jo Castle defended by Naotsugu TACHIBANA.
Japanese: 残るは高橋紹運の守る岩屋城、立花宗茂の守る立花城、立花直次の守る宝満山城のみであった。
English: In July, Shimazu's army attacked Iwaya-jo Castle with more than 30,000 soldiers, they struggled against the resistance of Joun TAKAHASHI, and finally managed to capture it.
Japanese: 7月、3万以上の大軍で岩屋城を攻めた島津軍だったが、高橋紹運の抵抗によって攻めあぐねた末、なんとか攻略する。
English: Shimazu's army made Homanyama-jo Castle fall immediately after that, but gave up Tachibana-jo Castle in order to raise the siege, and changed course to invade Bungo.
Japanese: 直後に宝満山も陥落させたが立花城は諦め包囲を解き、豊後侵攻へ方針を転換した。
English: At this time, Muneshige TACHIBANA ran after the Shimazu's retreating army, and retrieved Takatorii-jo Castle, Iwaya-jo Castle, and Homanyama-jo Castle.
Japanese: この際立花宗茂は撤退する島津軍を追い高鳥居城、岩屋城、宝満山城を奪還している。
English: He also made the Sogo clan and the Chosokabe clan charge forward to Bungo, and they joined the Otomo clan against Shimazu's army sent to invade Bungo.
Japanese: また十河氏・長宗我部氏にも豊後へ出陣させ大友氏と合流、島津氏の豊後侵攻軍と正面衝突することとなる。
English: Especially in the Battle of Hetsugigawa in December, Toyotomi's side led by Hidehisa SENGOKU, Assistant Deputy General suffered a crushing defeat losing powerful busho (Japanese military commanders) including Nobuchika CHOSOKABE and Masayasu SOGO.
Japanese: 特に12月の戸次川の戦いにおいて、仙石秀久を軍監とする豊臣方は長宗我部信親、十河存保などの有力武将を失う大敗を喫した。
English: Encouraged by their victory, the Shimazu army captured Funai-jo Castle, which had been abandoned by Yoshimune OTOMO, and besieged Nyushima-jo Castle, which was defended by Sorin.
Japanese: 島津軍は勢いづき大友義統が放棄した府内城を陥落させて、宗麟の守る丹生島城を包囲した。
English: Nyushima-jo Castle managed to sustain itself using Furankiho (Ishibiya) (Ishibiya is literally, stone fire arrow) that Sorin imported from Portugal and called Kunikuzushi (literally, destroying a nation).
Japanese: 丹生島城は、宗麟がポルトガルより輸入し「国崩し」と名付けた仏郎機砲（石火矢）の射撃もあり、なんとか持ち堪えた。
English: As Sorin repeatedly encouraged Hideyoshi to move forward, Hideyoshi issued a military order to invade Kyushu in February and March 1587, and he dispatched himself in April and May.
Japanese: 宗麟は秀吉に出馬を何度も促し、翌天正15年（1587年）正月、秀吉は九州侵攻の軍令を下し、3月には自らも出陣した。
English: With Hideyoshi aiming for Higo and his brother Hidenaga TOYOTOMI aiming for Hyuga, Toyotomi's army advanced with an overwhelming amount of material and samurai, over 200,000 people in total.
Japanese: 肥後方面を秀吉が、日向方面を弟の豊臣秀長が率い、合わせて20万を数える圧倒的な物量と人員で進軍した。
English: Upon sensing the landing of Hideyoshi, Shimazu's army almost abandoned northern Kyushu, and Hideyoshi captured castles ruled by the Shimazu clan instantly, partly because the rule by the Shimazu clan was nothing more than a formal rule by occupation forces.
Japanese: 秀吉上陸を察知した島津軍は北部九州を半ば放棄、島津氏の支配が表面的な占領軍政に過ぎなかったこともあり、瞬く間に島津氏の支配している城を陥落させる。
English: The army led by Hidenaga entered Hyuga via Bungo, and then sieged Taka-jo Castle (Niiroin) defended by Arinobu YAMADA via Agata.
Japanese: 秀長率いる軍は豊後を経由し日向に入ると県を経由し山田有信の守る高城(新納院)を包囲する。
English: Yoshihiro SHIMAZU, who went to the rescue, suffered a crushing defeat and lost Tadachika SHIMAZU in the battle of Nejirozaka, and Taka-jo Castle was seized by Hidenaga.
Japanese: 島津義弘が救援に向かうが、根白坂の戦いで島津忠隣が戦死するなどの大敗を喫し、高城は陥落する。
English: Furthermore, Hidetsugu TOYOTOMI conquered Tonokori-jo Castle and advanced to Iwamure-jo Castle on the border between Kobayashi City and Nojiri-cho.
Japanese: さらに豊臣秀次は都於郡城を攻略し小林市と野尻町の境界にある岩牟礼城まで侵攻した。
English: Meanwhile, Hideyoshi conquered Tanezane AKIZUKI's Ganjaku-jo Castle and succeeded in persuading Harunobu ARIMA in Shimabara to surrender.
Japanese: 一方秀吉は秋月種実の岩石城を攻略、島原方面では有馬晴信の調略に成功した。
English: Hideyoshi advanced to Izumi via Yatsushiro and Minamata faster than expected by the Shimazu side, and made Tadatoki SHIMAZU, the lord of Izumi-jo Castle, surrender.
Japanese: 秀吉は八代、水俣を経て島津方の予想を上回る速さで出水にまで進軍し、出水城主島津忠辰を降伏させた。
English: Even after the surrender of Yoshihisa, Yoshihiro SHIMAZU stayed in Iino-jo Castle and Toshihisa SHIMAZU, whose adopted son-in-law, Tadachika, was killed, continued resistance.
Japanese: 義久が降った後も、飯野城に籠った島津義弘、婿養子の忠隣を殺された島津歳久らの抵抗が続いた。
English: Although the Shimazu clan was finally deprived of most of its territories in Kyushu, it was granted the right to rule Satsuma and Osumi Provinces as a result of the post-war actions taken by Mitsunari ISHIDA and Tadamune IJUIN.
Japanese: 最終的に島津氏は九州の大部分を没収されたが、石田三成と伊集院忠棟による戦後処理の結果、薩摩・大隅国の2国を安堵され九州征伐は終了した。
English: Hideyoshi intended to provide the whole Osumi Province to Motochika CHOSOKABE who lost his heir Nobuchika in the Battle of Hetsugigawa, but Motochika firmly declined the offer.
Japanese: 秀吉は秀長を通じて戸次川の戦いで嫡男信親を失った長宗我部元親に大隅一国を与えようとしたが、元親は固辞した。
English: Furthermore, Tanezane AKIZUKI in Chikuzen who colluded with the Shimazu clan was transferred to Hyuga, and Sumimasa FUKABORI, who repeatedly attacked Nagasaki Port and charged transport dues on the early European ships because of his confrontation with the Omura clan, was punished by depriving him of his territory for violation of Ban on Piracy.
Japanese: その他、島津氏と結んでいた筑前の秋月種実が日向に移封され、大村氏との対立から長崎港の襲撃や南蛮船からの通行料徴収を強要などを繰り返していた深堀純賢を海賊禁止令違反として所領没収にするなどの処分が行われた。
English: Since Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI suppressed Saigoku (western part of Japan - especially Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki), he started to contact Korea and Ryukyu to make them subordinate states.
Japanese: 豊臣秀吉は西国を平定し、朝鮮や琉球への服属を求めた接触を始めることとなる。
English: Hikone-jo Castle is a castle that existed in Konki-cho, Hikone City, Shiga Prefecture.
Japanese: 彦根城（ひこねじょう）は、日本の滋賀県彦根市金亀町にあった城である。
English: During the Edo Period and from Hansekihokan (return of lands and people to the emperor) in 1869 through Haihanchiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) in 1871, the office of Hikone Domain was placed in the castle.
Japanese: 江戸時代および明治2年（1869年）の版籍奉還後から明治4年（1871年）廃藩置県まで彦根藩の役所が置かれた。
English: It is hirayamajiro (castles built on a hill or low mountain surrounded by a plain) and was built on Mt. Hikone in present Konki-cho, Hikone City, Shiga Prefecture in the Edo Period, which is early modern time in Japan, as the castle for foothold of Ii clan that served as a defense in Chinzei (nickname of Kyushu).
Japanese: 近世にあたる江戸時代に滋賀県彦根市金亀町にある彦根山に、鎮西を担う井伊氏の拠点として置かれた平山城である。
English: The castle is also called Konki-jo Castle because the mountain has a nickname of Mt. Konki.
Japanese: 山は「金亀山」との異名を持つため、城は金亀城（こんきじょう）とも称される。
English: Besides its tenshu, tsuke-yagura (connecting tower), tamon yagura (hall turrets), there are five structures designated national important cultural properties including yagura and mon from the Azuchi Momoyama through the Edo Period.
Japanese: 国宝の天守、附櫓（つけやぐら）および多聞櫓（たもんやぐら）のほか、安土桃山時代-江戸時代の櫓・門など5棟が現存し、国の重要文化財に指定されている。
English: Among the structures umaya is rare because it is a structure designated a national important cultural property, and it is also designated a special historic site.
Japanese: 中でも馬屋は重要文化財指定物件として全国的に稀少であり、国の特別史跡に指定されている。
English: According to one estimate, the preservation of the structure was decided by Shigenobu OKUMA's report to the throne.
Japanese: 一説では、大隈重信の上奏によりに建物が保存されることとなったのだという。
English: It is one of the twelve castles that have existing tenshu (called juni genzon tenshu) built from the Azuchi-Momoyama through the Edo Period.
Japanese: 日本で12箇所の安土桃山時代から江戸時代に建造された天守が現存する城郭の一つ（現存天守現存12天守）。
English: It has been on Japan's Tentative List of World Heritage Site, but the prospect that it would be registered as one of World Heritage Sites seems to be very unlikely.
Japanese: 日本の世界遺産暫定リストにも記載されているが、世界遺産登録は大変厳しい状況にある。
English: Also, Nobori-ishigaki stone walls, which are rare and built by a method of building Wajo (Japanese-style castle), are preserved in good shape.
Japanese: また、現存例の少ない倭城築城の技法である「登り石垣」が良好な形で保存されている。
English: Hikone, located in a narrow plain area stretching about five kilometers between a lake and a mountain, is the point where Eastern and Western Japan meet and two roads Nakasen-do Road and Hokuriku-do (commonly called Hokkoku-kaido Road) join together, and from this point the roads to Kyoto by land or water begins.
Japanese: 湖と山の間、5kmほどの狭い平地に立地する彦根は、中山道と北陸道（俗に北国街道と称）が合流し、水陸から京都に至る東日本と西日本の結節点である。
English: In and around this area many battles, such as Jinshin War (in 672), the Battle of Anegawa (in 1570), the Battle of Shizugatake (in 1583) and the Battle of Sekigahara (in 1600), were fought from the ancient times.
Japanese: 壬申の乱（672年）・姉川の戦い（1570年）・賤ヶ岳の戦い（1583年）・関ヶ原の戦い（1600年）等、古来、多くの合戦がこの地域で繰り広げられている。
English: As Hikone attracted many warlords' attention as their strategic point, Nobunaga ODA placed Nagahide NIWA in Sawayama-jo Castle and gave Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI Nagahama-jo Castle (in Omi Province) which was near NIWA's castle.
Japanese: 戦略拠点としてその点に注目され、織田信長は佐和山城に丹羽長秀を入れ、ほど近い長浜城(近江国)を豊臣秀吉に与えている。
English: Also, Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and Ieyasu TOKUGAWA placed their fudai hitto (chief vassal) Mitsunari ISHIDA and Naomasa Ii in this place respectively.
Japanese: また、豊臣秀吉と徳川家康はそれぞれ譜代筆頭の石田三成と井伊直政を、この地に配置している。
English: There are many structures transferred from other castles in Hikone-jo Castle such as tenshu from Otsu-jo Castle, Sawaguchi Tamon-yagura (corridor-style gate acted as a stonehouse and defense post at the entrance to the second enclosure) (not existent) and Taiko-yagura Mon (Drum Tower Gate) from Sawayama-jo Castle, nishi no maru sanju yagura (three-storied tower located at the northwest corner of nishi no maru) from Odani-jo Castle and Taiko-mon Gate (Drum Gate) from Kannonji-jo Castle or not known from where.
Japanese: 彦根城の建築物には、大津城からの天守を始め、佐和山城から佐和口多門櫓（非現存）と太鼓櫓門、小谷城から西ノ丸三重櫓、観音寺城からや、どこのものかは不明とされているが太鼓門、等の移築伝承が多くある。
English: The relocation and reuse of structures and stones was for cost reduction and shortening work period, and Nagoya-jo Castle, Okayama-jo Castle, Himeji-jo Castle and Fukuoka-jo Castle and other castles have had similar transfers.
Japanese: 建物や石材の移築転用はコスト削減と工期短縮のために行われたもので、名古屋城や岡山城や姫路城、福岡城など多くの城に同様の伝承が伝わっている。
English: It is said that Tenbin-yagura (Balancing-scale Tower) often used for shooting of jidaigeki (historical play) was relocated from Nagahama-jo Castle (in Omi Province) and rebuilt in Hikone-jo Castle.
Japanese: 時代劇の撮影などでも使われる天秤櫓は、長浜城(近江国)から移築したといわれている。
English: At the both right and left ends of Tamon (corridor style tower) there are a pair of two-storied and two floor style of sumi yagura (corner tower) forming the distinctive shape, giving the impression as if it were a balancing scale.
Japanese: 長い多聞の左右の端に2重2階の一対の隅櫓を構え、あたかも天秤ばかりのような独特な形をしている。
English: The tenshu (with three layers, three stories and a basement) built without using toshi bashira (through pillar) belongs to the multi-layered borogata style (a type of castle tower for lookout on the building with a gabled, hipped roof) and is supported with stone walls called gobozumi (a method of piling up stone wall, piling up with deep stones of which bonder side faces front).
Japanese: 通し柱を用いず、各階ごとに積み上げられた天守は、三層三階地下一階の複合式望楼型で「ごぼう積み」と云われる石垣で支えられる。
English: For all windows in the second and third layers, kato-mado (foliate-top window) are arranged, and in the top layer ornamental sotomawaribuchi (long and rod-like dressed lumber put in the part of ceiling surface and wall surface meeting) and koran (banister) are attached.
Japanese: 二重目以上の窓はすべて華頭窓を配し、最上階には実用でない外廻り縁と高欄を付けている。
English: In each layer, chidori hafu (dormer and plover gable), kirizuma hafu (gable on the ridge roof), kara hafu (undulating gable) and irimoya hafu (gable of the half-hipped roof) are arranged as if they were packed, and the arrangement shows a variety of appearances.
Japanese: 各重に千鳥破風、切妻破風、唐破風、入母屋破風を詰め込んだように配置しており、変化に富む表情を見せる。
English: The tenshu of Hikone-jo Castle was built by transferring and rebuilding Otsu-jo Castle (four layers, five stories) by reducing it to three-layers, and at the renovation (1957-1960) in the Showa period the apparently diverted components in the materials of the tenshu were found.
Japanese: 大津城天守（4重5階）を3重に縮小して移築したといわれ、昭和の天守解体修理（-）のときに、天守の用材から転用されたものと見られる部材が確認されている。
English: After the Battle of Sekigahara, Naomasa II, one of Tokugawa-shitenno (four generals serving Tokugawa Ieyasu, was given the land in northeastern part of Omi Province with 180 thousand goku crop yields by his distinguished military service, and entered Sawayama-jo Castle that had belonged to Mitsunari ISHIDA, his enemy and the commander of West camp.
Japanese: 徳川四天王の一人・井伊直政は、関ヶ原の戦いの後、その軍功により18万石にて近江国北東部に封ぜられ、西軍指揮官・石田三成の居城であった佐和山城に入城した。
English: It was said that the castle was one of 'the too good things for Mitsunari' after the rebuilding by Mistunari ISHIDA, but Naomasa disliked its medieval nawabari (castle plan; general term for the layout of a castle and its component structures) and the fact that it had been Mitsunari's castle.
Japanese: 佐和山城は石田三成が改築した後は「三成に過ぎたるもの…」の一つともいわれたが、直政は、中世的な古い縄張りや三成の居城であったことを嫌った。
English: Naomasa was planning to move and build his castle in the area close to Lake Biwa, but he couldn't recover from the battle injury at the Battle of Sekigahara and died.
Japanese: 湖岸に近い磯山（現・米原市磯）に居城を移すことを計画していたが、関ヶ原の際の戦傷が癒えずに死去した。
English: Because of this, Naomasa's surviving retainers took over the wishes of the deceased, and after the reexamination, they started building the castle on Mt. Hikone (Mt. Konki, present place for Hikone Castle) on Lake Biwa.
Japanese: このため、直政の遺臣が彼の遺志を継ぎ、再検討の末、琵琶湖に浮かぶ彦根山（金亀山、現在の彦根城の場所）に彦根城の築城を開始した。
English: In building the castle, three kogiobugyo (shogunate administrator) were appointed, and the construction was tenka bushin (daimyo from every province helping the castle construction under the order of bakufu, shogunate) in which twelve daimyo (or fifteen daimyo) in seven provinces including Owari Domain and Echizen Domain was ordered to help.
Japanese: 築城には公儀御奉行3名が付けられ、尾張藩や越前藩など7か国12大名（15大名とも）が手伝いを命じられる天下普請であった。
English: In 1606 the second-phase construction was completed, and in the same year Naotsugu entered the castle at about the same time of completion of building the tenshu.
Japanese: 1606年（慶長11年）2期までの工事が完了し、同年の天守完成と同じ頃に直継が入城した。
English: After that, Ii clan increased its property and at the end attained 350 thousand goku.
Japanese: その後、井伊氏は加増を重ね、最終的にには譜代最高となる35万石を得るに至った。
English: In addition, the head of the Kimata family that served as the head of chief retainers spent 20 days a month carrying out his work in nishi no maru sanju yagura (three-storied tower located at the northwest corner of nishi no maru) because he did not have his jinya (regional government office) although he had been granted ten thousand goku crop yields.
Japanese: なお、筆頭家老・木俣家は1万石を領しているが、陣屋を持たなかったため、月20日は西の丸三重櫓で執務を行っていた。
English: This is because in peace time under the reign of the Tokugawa government castles finished their original purpose as military facility and its reason for existence changed to the symbol of the power.
Japanese: これは、徳川統治下の太平の世においては、城郭というものがすでに軍事施設としての役目を終えて、その存在理由が、権勢の象徴物へと変じたためである。
English: The Hikone-jo Castle that had taken the purpose as important defense wall toward Saigoku (western part of Japan) spent most of the time in the Tokugawa Period as a warehouse and others under the jurisdiction of organizations in the domain.
Japanese: 徳川幕府の西国への重要な備えとしての役割を担う彦根城も、彦根藩の各組織の管轄で天守以下倉庫等として徳川時代の大半を過ごした。
English: In 1854 great repairs of tenbin yagura was conducted, when half of the stones in the stonewall was piled up again.
Japanese: 1854年（安政元年）に天秤櫓の大修理が行われ、その際、石垣の半分が積み直された。
English: The stones in the stone wall on the observer's right were piled up by the method of original 'gobozumi', and stones on the left were newly piled up with the method of 'otoshizumi' (a method of piling up stone wall, putting rectangular stone on the angle for leaning over on the next stone).
Japanese: 向かって右手が築城当初からの「ごぼう積み」、左手が新たに積み直された「落し積み」となっている。
English: Naosuke II who served as Tairo (chief minister) during the end of the Edo Period had spent his time at this castle town until he became the lord of the domain.
Japanese: 幕末における幕府の大老を務めた井伊直弼は、藩主となるまでをこの城下で過ごしている。
English: The residence called 'Umoreginoya (Dwelling of Buried Wood) in which he spent his youth still exists.
Japanese: 直弼が青春時代を過ごした屋敷は「埋木舎（うもれぎのや）」として現存している。
English: In 1951seven structures of the castle including tenshu were designated as Important Cultural Property, and among them two structures (tenshu, tsuke-yagura (Connecting Tower) and Tamon yagura (hall turrets)) were designated as National Treasure.
Japanese: 1951年天守等7棟がに重要文化財に指定、うち2棟（天守、附櫓、および、多聞櫓）がに国宝に指定された。
English: The castle well preserves its ancient structural remnants like Himeji-jo Castle, and it was designated as Special Historic Site on June 6, 1951.
Japanese: 姫路城とともに遺構をよく遺している城郭で、1951年6月9日に国の特別史跡に指定された。
English: In 1987, as a part of Hikone City's 50th anniversary events, Goten residence was restored as 'Hikone Castle Museum' which displays furnishing goods and arms during the period of domain duties.
Japanese: 1987年、彦根市市制50周年として御殿が復元され、「彦根城博物館」として藩政時代の調度品・武具などが展示されている。
English: On April 6, 2006 the castle was selected the 50th Nihon 100 meijo (100 great castles in Japan) and the nationwide stamp rally of Nihon 100 meijo (100 great castles in Japan) started in June.
Japanese: 2006年4月6日には日本100名城（50番）に選定され、6月から全国規模の日本100名城スタンプラリーが開始された。
English: The castle is often featured as the stage for mysterious story because the previous lord of the domain and potential lords had died prematurely before Naosuke II took the position.
Japanese: 井伊直弼が藩主の座に就くまでに先の藩主やその候補者の多くが夭折（ようせつ）していることから、神秘的な物語の舞台に採り上げられることが多い。
English: In 2007 on the 400th anniversary of Hikone-jo Castle Seiichi FUNAHASHI Literature Prize focused on novels was established.
Japanese: なお、国宝・彦根城築城400年の開催を機に、、2007年（平成19年）、小説を対象に、舟橋聖一文学賞が創設された。
English: The area inside the castle is often used as a location site for many movies such as "Fukuro no shiro (Owls' Castle)," "Bushi no ichibu (Love and Honor)" and O-oku, and for many TV dramas.
Japanese: 城内は『梟の城梟の城owl’scastle』、『武士の一分』、『大奥(映画)』など数多くの映画や、テレビドラマのロケ地として頻繁に使われている。
English: It is often used as a location site for period dramas as well as Himeji-jo castle because it is close to Kyoto Movie Studio Toei and Kyoto Film Studio.
Japanese: 東映京都撮影所や京都映画撮影所から場所が近いことから、姫路城とともに時代劇のロケが頻繁に行われている。
English: On the other hand Hikone-jo Castle is often used for setting as unknown smaller castles.
Japanese: それに対して、それより小規模な本城は無名の小城という設定での撮影が多い。
English: The stamp for stamp rally of Nihon 100 meijo (100 great castles in Japan) is placed in the ticket office at the front gate of Hikone-jo Castle.
Japanese: 日本100名城スタンプラリーのスタンプは、彦根城表門券売所に設置されている。
English: 20 minutes' drive from Maibara Station of Central Japan Railway Company, West Japan Railway, Tokaido Shinkansen, or further train ride on the Tokaido Main Line
Japanese: 東海旅客鉄道・西日本旅客鉄道東海道新幹線米原駅から車で約20分、もしくは、東海道本線に連絡。
English: The Tenshojingo War was fought between Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and Ujinao HOJO in the provinces of Kai, Shinano and Kozuke beginning in 1582.
Japanese: 天正壬午の乱（てんしょうじんごのらん）は、天正10年(1582年)から甲斐国・信濃国・上野国で繰り広げられた徳川家康と北条氏直の戦いである。
English: Nobunaga ODA, who started the subjugation of Takeda in April 1582, subverted the Takeda clan in Kai, and its territory--including Kai, Shinano, Suruga and Kozuke--was placed under the Oda government.
Japanese: 天正10年3月に武田征伐を開始した織田信長は甲斐の武田氏を滅亡させ、甲斐から信濃、駿河、上野に及んだその領地は織田政権下に組み込まれた。
English: Much of Kai was given to Hidetaka KAWAJIRI, but the two southeast districts of Yatsushiro and Koma, which were given to Nobukimi ANAYAMA, a relative of Takeda; Shinano Province was given to Nagayoshi MORI and others; Kozuke was given to Kazumasu TAKIGAWA; and Nobunaga returned to his province leaving them to govern their respective provinces.
Japanese: 甲斐一国は、武田親族衆の穴山信君に与えられた南西部の八代、巨摩2郡を除いて河尻秀隆に、信濃は森長可らに、上野は滝川一益に与えられ、統治を任せて帰国した。
English: Although Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, who was Nobunaga's ally, was given Suruga as his territory, the Gohojo clan in the neighboring province of Sagami, which cooperated in the subjugation of the Takeda clan, was not given any of the former territory of the Takeda clan.
Japanese: 駿河は同盟関係の徳川家康が領する一方、武田征伐に協調した隣国の相模の後北条氏は遺領を得られなかった。