nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In 1890, in addition to the above-mentioned Nagayama-mura Village, Asahikawa-mura Village and Kamui-mura Village opened, and in 1892, the Nagayama-jinja Shrine was built.
Japanese: 明治23年には前述の永山村に加え旭川村・神居村が開村、明治25年には永山神社が創建される。
English: The number of immigrants drastically increased and development of Hokkaido proceeded, but the plan of the detached palace was aborted due to backlash from Sapporo and Otaru and the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War.
Japanese: 入植者は一気に増え開発が進むが、札幌・小樽方面の反発と日清戦争の始まりによって計画が頓挫してしまう。
English: Michitoshi IWAMURA (July 8, 1840 - February 20, 1915) was a Japanese samurai and a statesman.
Japanese: 岩村通俊（いわむらみちとし、天保11年6月10日(旧暦)（1840年7月8日）-大正4年（1915年）2月20日）は、日本の武士､政治家。
English: In the Meiji Period, Michitoshi served as an official of No-Shomusho (Japanese Agriculture and Commerce Ministry), an imperial court councilor and the director of the Hokkaido Agency (1886-1947).
Japanese: 明治時代に農商務省(日本)、宮中顧問官、北海道庁(1886-1947)長官を務める。
English: Michitoshi, who had been transferred to Hokkaido as a government official in charge of development of Hokkaido and had surveyed the place, appealed to the national government to set up a prefectural government of Hokkaido and was appointed as the first director of the Hokkaido Agency.
Japanese: 開拓官僚として赴任した北海道を調査し、北海道庁設置の必要性を政府に働き掛け初代北海道庁長官となる。
English: His immediate younger brother, Yuzo HAYASHI, held the posts of Teishin daijin (Minister of Communication) and No-shomu daijin (Minister of Agriculture and Commerce), and his third younger brother, Takatoshi IWAMURA, served as governor of prefectures of Saga, Ehime, Ishikawa, Fukuoka and Hiroshima and was conferred the title of Baron.
Japanese: 次弟の林有造は逓信大臣・農商務大臣、三弟の岩村高俊は佐賀、愛媛、石川、福岡、広島各県の知事を務め男爵に叙せられる。
English: Michitoshi's eldest son, Hassaku IWAMURA, succeeded him to become Baron and dedicated his life to development of Hokkaido.
Japanese: 長男の岩村八作が通俊の後を継ぎ男爵となり、北海道開拓に生涯を捧げる。
English: Michitoshi's second son, Toshitake IWAMURA, served as vice admiral and Michitoshi's fifth son, Michiyo IWAMURA, became Homu daijin (Minister of Justice), and later was arrested as a class-A war criminal.
Japanese: 次男岩村俊武は海軍中将に、五男岩村通世は司法大臣となった後、A級戦犯として逮捕された。
English: Michitoshi, born as the eldest son of baishin (indirect vassal) serving for Tosa Domain, Hidetoshi IWAMURA, was given academic education under Nanrei SAKAI while he learned art of swordplay under Izo OKADA.
Japanese: 土佐藩陪臣岩村英俊を父に長男として生まれた通俊は、酒井南嶺の下で学問を学び岡田以蔵の下で剣術を学んだ。
English: In 1869, he came to work for the national government and later became a judge of Chosho-shi (court for civil suits), gonhanji (assistant judicial officer) of Hakodate-fu government and kaitaku hangan (magistrate of Hokkaido Development Commissioner).
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）には政府に出仕し聴訟司判事、箱館府権判事開拓判官を務める。
English: Succeeding to Yoshitake SHIMA who was chief magistrate of the Hokkaido Development Commission (alternatively, Hokkaido Colonization Commission), Michitoshi took office in 1871, and continued development of Sapporo City.
Japanese: 開拓使首席判官島義勇の後を受け、明治4年（1871年）、開拓使判官として札幌市の開発継続に着手する。
English: Following an example set in Kyoto City, he divided the city into sections "jo" and subsections "chome" and embarked on removal of hatched huts for the purpose of preventing fires which were considered as major disasters of the time.
Japanese: 区画を京都市に倣い条・丁目とし、当時重要災害であった火災を減らすために草小屋の撤去に乗り出す。
English: His approach for this project was to first make an announcement of the removal of the huts and then set fire to them.
Japanese: この時の撤去の手法はまず撤去の旨触書を発した後にわざと火をつけ火事を起こした。
English: Therefore, the fire is called "fire of official business," namely, arson fire, and it is said that Michitoshi was resolutely prepared for resignation from office at that time.
Japanese: このためこれを｢御用火事｣というが、つまりは放火であるため通俊はこの時退官覚悟だったという。
English: In the meantime, he was promoted to kaitaku daijo (literally, development inspector) and embarked on establishment of yukaku (red-light district) for immigrants and civil engineering workers increasing in number.
Japanese: この間、開拓大判官に昇り、増えてきた移住者や土木作業員のために遊郭の設置に乗り出す。
English: In July 1874, Michitoshi was appointed governor of Saga Prefecture and achieved success there.
Japanese: 明治6年（1874年）7月佐賀県権令に任命され、同地で治績を挙げる。
English: When he was summoned to the central government which decided to transfer him to the Ministry of Industry, he recommended his younger brother Takatoshi IWAMURA as his successor for the governor of Saga Prefecture and the national government approved it.
Japanese: 中央に召還され工部省出仕となることが決まると後任の佐賀県権令に弟の岩村高俊を推挙し、これが許される。
English: In 1876, Michitoshi became head of Yamaguchi District Court and in 1877, when the Seinan War occurred, he was transferred to Kagoshima Prefecture to serve as the prefectural governor there.
Japanese: 明治9年（1876年）、山口地方裁判所長を経て明治10年（1877年）には西南戦争が起こり、通俊は鹿児島県令として赴任した。
English: It is said that during this period, Michitoshi, with an approval of the military, entombed with courtesy the dead body of his enemy, General Takamori SAIGO, at Kagoshima Jokomyo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 通俊はこの時、敵将である西郷隆盛の遺体を軍部の了解を得て鹿児島浄光明寺に丁重に葬ったという。
English: Michitoshi, after achieving success as the governor of Kagoshima Prefecture, was promoted to councilor of Genroin (senate) and then to Commissioner of the Board of Audit, and in 1882, he was appointed governor of Okinawa Prefecture.
Japanese: 鹿児島県令としても治績を挙げた通俊は元老院議官・会計検査院長に昇り、明治15年（1882年）には沖縄県令となる。
English: After serving as the governor of Okinawa Prefecture for two years, Michitoshi became Shiho-taifu (active minister of the Ministry of Justice) and persuaded the national government about importance of developing Hokkaido and establishing the Hokkaido Agency (1886-1947).
Japanese: 2年の沖縄県令の後司法大輔となり、北海道開拓の重要性を政府に説き、北海道庁(1886-1947)設置を働き掛ける。
English: His appeal was accepted and in 1886, the Hokkaido Agency was established, and Michitoshi was appointed as the first director of it.
Japanese: これが認められ明治19年（1886年）に北海道庁が設置されることとなり通俊が初代長官に任命される。
English: As the director, he worked for developing Hokkaido, and conceived a plan to make Asahikawa City a "Hokkyo" (northern state capital) following Tokyo and Kyoto.
Japanese: 長官として北海道開拓の任に当たり、旭川市に東京・京都に継ぐ｢北京｣設置を構想した。
English: In 1888, when the post of the director of the Hokkaido Agency was succeeded by Takeshiro NAGAYAMA, Michitoshi became a councilor of the Genroin.
Japanese: 明治21年(1888年)長官を永山武四郎に交代し元老院議官に就任する。
English: After serving as No-shomu jikan (undersecretary of Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce), he became the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce under the First Yamagata Cabinet on December 24, 1889.
Japanese: 農商務次官を経て明治22年（1889年）12月24日、第1次山縣内閣の農商務大臣に就任する。
English: After retiring as the Minister, he held prominent posts of an imperial court councilor, a member of Kizokuin (the House of Peers), head of the Imperial Property Department, and Kinkei-no-ma shiko (privileged attendant at the Kinkei-no-ma Hall of Kyoto Imperial Palace).
Japanese: 大臣退任後は宮中顧問官・貴族院議員・御料局長・錦鶏間祗候を歴任する。
English: In 1896, Michitoshi was conferred the title of Baron for his achievements, thereby being raised to the peerage.
Japanese: 明治29年（1896年）6月5日に功により男爵を授爵し華族に列せられる。
English: In 1900, the Chosen Keifu Railway Company was established in Korea and Michitoshi assumed the post of an executive board member.
Japanese: 明治33年（1900年）、朝鮮京釜鉄道会社が設立され常務理事に就任する。
English: On February 20, 1915, he died at home in Maruyama-cho Town, Koishikawa-ku Ward, Tokyo.
Japanese: 大正4年（1915年）2月20日、東京府小石川区丸山町の自宅で薨去。
English: In honor of his achievements, Michitoshi is enshrined at Kaitaku-jinja Shrine which is a subordinate shrine of Hokkaido-jinja Shrine, and at Kamikawa-jinja Shrine, and his bronze statues were built in Tokiwa Park of Asahikawa City, and Odori Park and Maruyama Park of Sapporo City.
Japanese: 通俊の功績を称え旭川市の北海道神宮末社開拓神社・上川神社に祀られ、旭川市常磐公園・札幌市大通公園・札幌市円山公園(北海道)に銅像が建立されている。
English: SAKAIBE no Kusuri (year of birth unknown - August 5, 672) is a historical figure who lived during Japan's Asuka period.
Japanese: 境部薬（さかいべのくすり、生年不明-天武天皇元年7月7日(旧暦)（672年8月5日））は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
English: In the old Japanese kana syllabary, "境部薬" is read as "SAKAHIBE no Kusuri" and "坂合部薬" as "SAKAAHIBE no Kusuri."
Japanese: 旧仮名遣いでの読みは前者が「さかひべのくすり」、後者が（さかあひべのくすり」。
English: In Jinshin War of 672, he fought on the side of Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) but was defeated to death in Okinaga no Yokokawa.
Japanese: 672年の壬申の乱では大友皇子（弘文天皇）側の将となり、息長の横河で敗死した。
English: According to Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan), in December 6 and 8, 658, Prince Arima talked about raising an army with SOGA no Akae in the capital, while Empress Saimei and Crown Prince Naka no Oe no Oji (later Emperor Tenchi) were away to Kinoyu (Kino hot-spring).
Japanese: 『日本書紀』によれば、斉明天皇4年（658年）11月3日と5日に、斉明天皇と皇太子の中大兄皇子（後の天智天皇）が紀温湯に行った留守に、有間皇子は都で蘇我赤兄と挙兵を相談した。
English: "According to a story written in a book," Nihonshoki says, it was said that Prince Arima, SOGA no Akae, SHIOYA no Konoshiro, MORI no Oiwa and SAKAIBE no Kusuri divined the result of the rebellion using sortition.
Japanese: 書紀は「ある本には」として、有間皇子、蘇我赤兄、塩屋小戈、守大石、坂合部薬が、短籍（籤）で謀反を占ったという話を伝える。
English: On December 12, Prince Arima, MORI no Oiwa, SAKAIBE no Kusuri and SHIOYA no Konoshiro were arrested and sent to Kinoyu.
Japanese: 9日に有間皇子、守大石、坂合部薬、塩屋このしろ（塩屋小戈）は捕えられ、紀温湯に送られた。
English: Therefore, some of current scholars say that SAKAIBE no Kusuri originally plotted with SOGA no Akae to bring down Prince Arima.
Japanese: そこで現代の学者の中には、坂合部薬はもともと赤兄とともに有間皇子を陥れようとしたのだと推測する者がある。
English: However, in this theory, there are no explanations about the difference of how to be dealt with between SOGA no Akae, who was not convicted, and SAKAIBE no Kusuri.
Japanese: ただこの場合、そもそも罪とされなかった赤兄との処分の違いについては説明されない。
English: SAKAIBE no Kusuri fought on the side of Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) in Jinshin War
Japanese: 境部薬は、壬申の乱では大友皇子（弘文天皇）の側につき、その将となった。
English: The army of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) whose stronghold was built in Fuwa County, Mino Province and the army of Prince Otomo that is based in Otsu, the capital of Omi Province, fought in Omi, July 7.
Japanese: 美濃国不破郡に本拠を構える大海人皇子（天武天皇）の軍と、近江国大津市に都をおく大友皇子の軍は、7月7日に近江方面で会戦を行った。
English: About this battle, Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) says that MURAKUNI no Oyori defeated the army of Prince Otomo in Okinaga no Yokokawa and killed the soldier, SAKAIBE no Muraji Kusuri.
Japanese: 『日本書紀』はこの戦いにつき「男依（村国男依）らは近江軍と息長の横河で戦って破り、その将境部連薬を斬った」と記す。
English: In this article, it is unclear whether he was a commander of the army or just one of a soldier.
Japanese: この文面からは近江軍の総指揮官が境部薬であったのか、そうではなく将のうちの一人であったのかは判然としない。
English: KOSOHE no Okuchi (year of birth and death unknown) was a historical figure who lived during Japan's Asuka period.
Japanese: 社戸大口（こそへのおおくち、生没年不明）は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
English: In the Jinshin War in 672, KOSOHE was on the side of Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) and defeated in the battle on the beach of Yasugawa River in Omi Province on August 14 and fell into enemy hands.
Japanese: 天武天皇元年（672年）の壬申の乱で大友皇子（弘文天皇）側につき、7月13日に近江国の安河の浜で敗れて捕らえられた。
English: The KOSOHE clan and the ABE clan were of the same family, but there is no further information about Okuchi and what had happened to him after his capture is unknown.
Japanese: 社戸氏（許曽部氏）は、阿倍氏の同族にあたるが、大口については他に知られず、捕らえられてからどうなったかも不明である。
English: HAJI no Chishima (year of birth and death unknown) was a person from the Asuka Period in Japan.
Japanese: 土師千島（はじのちしま、生没年不明）は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
English: As HAJI fought for Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) in the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, he was defeated and captured at Yasukawa no Hama in Omi Province (coast side of Omi province) in August 14, 672.
Japanese: 天武天皇元年（672年）の壬申の乱で大友皇子（弘文天皇）側につき、7月13日に近江国の安河の浜で敗れて捕らえられた。
English: Further information about HAJI including what happened after being captured is unknown.
Japanese: 土師千島については他に知られず、捕らえられてからどうなったかも不明である。
English: SAKAMOTO no Takara (year of birth unknown-June 21, 673) was a person from the Asuka Period in Japan.
Japanese: 坂本財（さかもとのたから、生年不明-天武天皇2年5月29日(旧暦)（673年））は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
English: In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, SAKAMOTO fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) to defend the enemy coming from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province).
Japanese: 672年の壬申の乱で大海人皇子（天武天皇）側にたって戦い、河内から倭（大和）に来る敵を防いだ。
English: On August 1, 672, when OTOMO no Fukei rose in arms and occupied Asuka and advanced northward, SAKAMOTO no Takara was involved in the troops.
Japanese: 壬申の年の6月29日に大伴吹負が兵を挙げて飛鳥を占領し、つづいて北進したとき、坂本財はその軍の中にいた。
English: Presumably on August 3, 672 when the troops reached Hieda, Fukei got the information of a large enemy force coming from Kawachi Province.
Japanese: 稗田についたとき、おそらく7月2日、吹負は河内国から大軍が来るとの情報を得た。
English: SAKAMOTO no Takara, NAGAO no Masumi, KURAKAKI no Maro, TAMI no Oshibi, and TANI no Ne Maro were involved in the troops as the commanders of the 300-member unit that headed for Tatsuta.
Japanese: そのうち竜田に向かった三百人の指揮官が、坂本財、長尾真墨、倉墻麻呂、民小鮪、谷根麻呂であった。
English: After they set up camps at Hiraishino on the same day, the commanders were informed that there was the enemy in Takayasunoki Castle, so they climbed the mountain where the castle was located to attack the enemy.
Japanese: 坂本らはその日平石野に宿営したが、高安城に敵軍がいると聞き、その山に登った。
English: In the next morning (5th) they saw a large enemy force led by IKI no Karakuni approaching from both Otsu-chi Road and Tajihi-michi Road which were located on the west side of the castle.
Japanese: 翌日（3日か）の朝、彼らは、西方の大津・丹比の両道に壱伎韓国が率いる大軍を見た。
English: Among the troops of Karakuni, the winner, KUME no Shioko, Kawachi no kuni no kami (Governor of Kawachi Province), was gathering the troops to take the side of Prince Oama.
Japanese: しかし、勝った韓国軍の側では、河内国司守来目塩籠が大海人皇子側にくみするために軍を集めていた。
English: Two days later, probably on 7, the commanders decided to pull out their troops without fighting against the Omi forces as they saw the enemy attacking from every direction.
Japanese: 中一日をおいて、おそらく5日に、近江軍はいくつもの道から押し寄せてきたため、坂本らは交戦せずに退却した。
English: SAKAMOTO no Takara was believed to have continued fighting for OTOMO no Fukei after this battle, but nothing was mentioned about him in "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan).
Japanese: 坂本財はこの後も大友吹負のもとで戦ったと考えられるが、その様子は『日本書紀』に現れない。
English: According to "Dai Bukan" (a book of heraldry), although he was a dependent in his family, he could be identified as a member of the family with omote-daka (face value of kokudaka assessed by the feudal government), thererfore, he is estimated to have had omemie (the privilege to have an audience with one's lord, a dignitary, etc.).
Japanese: 『大武鑑』によれば、慶応3年（1867年）には部屋住みながらも表高家衆の一人として確認できることから、すでに御目見を済ましていたと推測される。
English: At Meiji Restoration, together with his father, Nobuyoshi, having taken a hostile action to the new Meiji government, seemed to have been given an order of kinshin (house arrest).
Japanese: 明治維新に際し、父信愛とともに明治新政府に敵対的な行動を取り、謹慎を命じられたようである。
English: On June 6, 1869 both he and his father got free of the kinshin from the new Meiji government.
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）6月6日、明治新政府から父信愛とともに謹慎を解かれる。
English: On removing the kinshin the new Meiji government ordered Suemaru ODA in the head family to take father and son under his care and sustain them.
Japanese: 謹慎の解除にあたって、明治新政府は本家の織田寿重丸に父子を引き取り、扶助するように命じている。
English: It is said that he was interested in natural science as well as his father, so that after Meiji Restoration he set his mind on zoology and learned western-style taxidermy.
Japanese: 父信愛と同様に博物学に関心を示し、明治維新後は動物学を志し、西洋式の剥製技術を学んだという。
English: In June, 1877, he, together with Fusatane TANAKA, who learned herbalism in the Edo period, and others, made research of plants in Mie and Wakayama Prefectures.
Japanese: 明治10年6月、江戸時代に本草学を学んだ田中房種らと三重県・和歌山県で植物の調査にあたる。
English: In 1903 on the occasion of the fifth Domestic Industrial Promotion Exhibition, he, together with Sentaro YAMAOKA and others, planned to establish a zoo in Osaka and published "Yokyo Dobutsu-en Shuyo Dobutsu Mokuroku oyobi Kaisetsu" (a list and explanation of animals which could be kept in the zoo).
Japanese: 明治36年（1903）の第五回内国勧業博覧会に際し、大阪での動物園設置を山岡千太郎らとはかり、『余興動物園集容動物目録及解説』を出版する。
English: Toyoji TSUZUKI (March, 1798 - March, 1880) was a carpenter in Japan.
Japanese: 続豊治（つづきとよじ、寛政10年（1798年）3月-明治13年（1880年）3月）は、日本の大工。
English: Toyoji, who was born in Matsumae as a ship carpenter's son, was adopted by Goro TSUZUKI, a ship carpenter, because his father died when he was young.
Japanese: 船大工の子として松前に生まれた豊治は、父が早くに亡くなった為船大工続五郎治の養子となる。
English: From the age of 18 he worked for Takadaya Shipbuilding Company, however, the company was closed in 1833.
Japanese: 18歳から高田屋造船場にて勤めるが、造船場は天保4年（1833年）閉鎖されてしまう。
English: However, in 1855 he had an interest in the structure of an American ship that was calling at Hakodate, and became a ship carpenter again.
Japanese: しかし、安政元年（1855年）箱館に寄港していたアメリカ船の構造に興味を持った事から再び船大工となる。
English: Hakodate Maru, completed in July 1857, was a schooner type ship with two masts or more, and Toshihiro HORI, the Hakodate bugyo, having attended the launching ceremony, returned to Edo on board the ship.
Japanese: 安政4年（1857年）7月に竣工した箱館丸はマストを2本以上使用した｢スクーネル型｣で、進水式には箱館奉行堀利煕が出席し堀はこの船に乗って江戸へ帰る。
English: Toyoji continued buildings ships and in 1875 after Meiji Restoration, corresponding to a policy of encouraging building western-style sailing ships made by the Hokkaido Development Commissioner, he engaged in building them and built twelve schooner type ships until he died in 1880.
Japanese: その後も船を造り続け、維新後の明治8年（1875年）には開拓使が西洋型船建造を奨励する方針を打ち出した為、豊治は西洋型帆船建造に従事し、明治13年（1880年）に逝去するまでスクーネル型船を12艘造った。
English: The Hakodate Maru built by Toyoji was restored in 1988 and is on display in Okawa Town in Hakodate city.
Japanese: 豊治の造った箱館丸は昭和63年（1988年）に復元され、函館市大川町に展示されている。
English: This was intended for the Commemorative Exhibition of Opening the Seikan Tunnel held in the same year, and Toyoji's descendants purchased the restored ship after the exposition, then presented it to Hakodate City.
Japanese: これは、同年の青函トンネル開通記念博覧会にあわせたものだが、博覧会の後に豊治の子孫が復元船を買い上げ、函館市に寄贈した。
English: NAGAO no Masumi (year of birth and death unknown) was a person from the Asuka Period in Japan.
Japanese: 長尾真墨（ながおのますみ、生没年不明）は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
English: In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, NAGAO fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and participated in a series of wars to defend the enemy from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province), but he was forced to retreat.
Japanese: 672年の壬申の乱のとき大海人皇子（天武天皇）側につき、河内国から倭（大和国）に来る敵を防いで連戦したが、およばず退いた。
English: On August 1, 672, OTOMO no Fukei and his troops rose in arms in Yamato and headed for north, Nara (NARA City).
Japanese: 壬申の年（672年）の6月29日に倭で挙兵した大伴吹負は、北進して及楽（奈良市）に向かった。
English: In Hieda, on his way to Nara, probably on August 4, 672, Fukei got the information of the invasion of a large enemy force coming from Kawachi Province.
Japanese: その途中、おそらく7月3日に、河内から大軍が来たという情報を稗田で得た。
English: SAKAMOTO no Takara, NAGAO no Masumi, KURAKAKI no Maro, TAMI no Oshibi, and TANI no Ne Maro were involved in the troops as the commanders of the 300-member unit that headed for Tatsuta.
Japanese: そのうち、竜田に向かった300人の指揮官が、坂本財、長尾真墨、倉墻麻呂、民小鮪、谷根麻呂であった。
English: After they set up camps at Hiraishino on the same day, the commanders were informed that there was the enemy in Takayasunoki Castle, so they climbed the mountain where the castle was located to attack the enemy.
Japanese: 彼らはその日平石野に宿営したが、高安城に敵軍がいると聞いてその山に登った。
English: Two days later, probably on 7, the commanders decided to pull out their troops as they saw Omi forces attacking from every direction.
Japanese: 中一日をおいて、おそらく5日に、近江軍はいくつもの道から押し寄せてきたため、退却した。
English: NAGAO no Masumi was believed to have continued fighting for OTOMO no Fukei after this battle, but nothing was mentioned about him in "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan).
Japanese: 長尾真墨はこの後も大伴吹負のもとで戦ったと考えられるが、その様子は『日本書紀』に現れない。
English: KURAKAKI no Maro (year of birth and death unknown) was a person from the Asuka Period in Japan.
Japanese: 倉墻麻呂（くらかきのまろ、生没年不明）は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
English: In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, KURAKAKI fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and participated in a series of wars to defend the enemy from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province), but he was forced to retreat.
Japanese: 672年の壬申の乱のとき大海人皇子（天武天皇）側につき、河内国から倭（大和国）に来る敵を防いで連戦したが、およばず退いた。
English: KURAKAKI no Maro was believed to have continued fighting for OTOMO no Fukei after this battle, but nothing was mentioned about him in "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan).
Japanese: 倉墻麻呂はこの後も大友吹負のもとで戦ったと考えられるが、その様子は『日本書紀』に現れない。
English: TANI no Ne Maro (year of birth and death unknown) was a person from the Asuka Period in Japan.
Japanese: 谷根麻呂（たにのねまろ、生没年不明）は、日本の飛鳥時代の人物である。
English: In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, TANI fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and participated in a series of wars to defend the enemy from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province), but he was forced to retreat.
Japanese: 672年の壬申の乱のとき大海人皇子（天武天皇）側につき、河内国から倭（大和国）に来る敵を防いで連戦したが、およばず退いた。
English: Two days later, probably on 7, the commanders decided to pull out their troops as they saw Omi forces attacking from every direction.
Japanese: 中一日をおいて、おそらく5日に、近江軍がいくつもの道から押し寄せてきたため、退却した。
English: TANI no Ne Maro was believed to have continued fighting for OTOMO no Fukei after this battle, but nothing was mentioned about him in "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan).
Japanese: 谷根麻呂はこの後も大友吹負のもとで戦ったと考えられるが、その様子は『日本書紀』に現れない。
English: Kazuma ODA (November 11, 1882 - March 18, 1956) was an artist and a printmaker, who lived during the Meiji period to the Showa period.
Japanese: 織田一磨（おだかずま、1882年11月11日-1956年3月18日）は明治期から昭和期の芸術家、版画家。
English: Although he returned to Tokyo in 1903 (表記の変更), he again moved to Osaka 1911(表記の変更) to join a newspaper company, Osaka Teikoku Shinbun-sha.
Japanese: 明治36年東京に戻るものの、明治44年大阪帝国新聞社入社のために再び大阪に転居する。
English: He presented his work at the first Bunten exhibition (the annual art exhibition sponsored by the Ministry of Education) in 1907 (表記の変更), and at the second Bunten exhibition in 1909 (表記の変更), among others.
Japanese: 明治40年の第一回文展、明治42年の第二回文展などに作品を出品する。
English: He also founded Nihon Sosaku-hanga Kyokai (Japan creative print art association) in 1918, and Yofu-hanga Kyokai (Western-style print art association) in 1930 (表記の変更).
Japanese: また、大正7年（1918年）に日本創作版画協会、昭和5年に洋風版画協会を設立する。
English: Takakage ASAKURA was a Busho (Japanese military commander) in the Sengoku (Warring states) period and warlord in Echizen Province.
Japanese: 朝倉孝景（あさくらたかかげ）は戦国時代(日本)の武将で越前国の戦国大名。
English: He called himself 'Takakage', after his great-grandfather, the 7th head of the Asakura family.
Japanese: 曽祖父（七代）朝倉孝景(7代当主)にあやかって、自身も「孝景」と名乗った。
English: Today, to distinguish him from his great-grandfather he is called Sojun Takakage (or Onuki Takakage) which comes from his posthumous Buddhist name.
Japanese: 今日においては区別するため便宜上、法名から「宗淳孝景」(大岫孝景)と呼んで区別する。
English: Getting assistance from family member Soteki ASAKURA, Takakage is said to have repeatedly sent troops to invade neighbouring provinces such as Kaga, Mino, Omi, and Wakasa, which were often in chaos, and there displayed his military superiority and political influence over Shugoka (provincial landowning families) and other movements, finally achieving reconciliation with followers of Ikko sect who had been opposed to and staged uprisings against the Asakura family for generations.
Japanese: 一門の朝倉宗滴の補佐を受けて、当時混乱の多かった周辺国加賀国・美濃国・近江国・若狭国らにしばしば出兵・侵攻し、各国の守護家や諸勢力に軍事的優位性、政治的影響力を見せ付け、代々対立してきた加賀一向一揆との和睦をも成立させたと言われている。
English: Although the Asakura family was constantly concerned by the situation in the capital and neighbouring provinces, they eventually extended their influence, deepened ties with the Imperial Court and Muromachi shogunate, brought prosperity to Echizen Province, and nurtured the growth of Kyoto-style culture in their base, Ichijodani-jo Castle.
Japanese: 絶え間なく中央（京都）および周辺諸国情勢に煩わされる部分もあったが、結果的に朝倉氏の勢力をさらに拡大するとともに、朝廷や室町幕府との繋がりをも深め、越前に更なる繁栄をもたらし、本拠一乗谷城に京風の文化を華開かせた。
English: In military affairs, there were many cases of a major family member being dispatched as myodai (a substitute) to combat areas instead of the family head.
Japanese: 軍事面においては、当主自らではなく一族の主なものを、名代として派遣する例が多い。
English: In terms of governance, Takakage could not completely subordinate various power groups called Kokujin-shu, which were on equal footing with the Asakura family under the Shugo (provincial military governor), the Shiba clan.
Japanese: 統治面においては、守護斯波氏の下では同格であった国人衆などと呼ばれる諸勢力を、完全に臣従下させるには至っていない。