nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: There was Kageyoshi ASAKURA, who tried to resuscitate the Asakura family, and relied on Kenshin UESUGI, but his dream was halted due to Kenshin's death.
Japanese: 上杉謙信を頼り、朝倉家再興を果たそうとした朝倉景嘉がいるが、謙信の死により頓挫した。
English: There was Miyamasumaru (宮増丸) ASAKURA, who scrambled to restore the Asakura family depending on Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA (in reality depending on the Mori clan) who was stationed at Tomonoura in Bingo Province, as well as Kagetada ASAKURA, who was falsely presumed to be the successor of the family reign, although their attempt was failed due to the deteriorated war situation against China.
Japanese: 備後国の鞆の浦にいた足利義昭（実質的には毛利氏）に頼り朝倉家を再興しようと奔走した朝倉宮増丸、及び家督後継者と擬せられていた朝倉景忠がいるが、中国戦線の悪化により不成功に終わった。
English: The originator of this clan is OE no Suemitsu, the fourth child of OE no Hiromoto, a reputable vassal of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun); therefore, they are the descendents of OE no Hiromoto, but not from the main branch of his family.
Japanese: 家系は鎌倉幕府の名臣大江広元の四男・大江季光を祖とする一族、したがって大江広元の子孫ではあるが嫡流ではない。
English: The surname 'Mori' originates from the territory Morinosho in Aiko County, Sagami Province (present day surrounding areas of Atsugi City, Kanagawa Prefecture), that Suemitsu inherited from his father, Hiromoto.
Japanese: 名字の「毛利」は、季光が父・広元から受け継いだ所領の相模国愛甲郡毛利庄（もりのしょう、現在の神奈川県厚木市周辺）に由来する。
English: The pronunciation of the surname was originally 'Mori,' but later changed to 'Moori,' "o" being replaced with its long vowel,"oo."
Japanese: 「毛利」の元来の読みは「もり」だが、後に「もうり」と読まれるようになった。
English: From the end of the Kamakura period to the beginning of the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the clan moved from Nanjo in Sahashinosho, Echigo Province (present Kashiwazaki City, Niigata Prefecture) to the Yoshidakoriyama-jo Castle in Takada County (present Akitakata City, Hiroshima Prefecture), and developed their power as assuming the position of kokujin ryoshu (local samurai lord), then became a Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States), the clan eventually grew to be the most powerful one in the Chugoku region.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代(日本)初期にかけて、越後国佐橋庄南条（現在の新潟県柏崎市）から高田郡吉田郡山城（現在の広島県安芸高田市）へ移った後に国人領主として成長し、戦国時代(日本)には国人領主から戦国大名への脱皮を遂げ、ついには中国地方最大の勢力となる。
English: The clan managed to keep themselves in peace during the Edo period, although the Mori clan was arranged to be the supreme commander of the Western Army in the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, and their territories were diminished to two provinces, Suo and Nagato.
Japanese: しかし1600年の関ヶ原の戦いでは西軍の総大将に祭り上げられ、周防国・長門国の2ヶ国に減封されるも、江戸時代を通じて安泰であった。
English: Many brilliant patriots appeared from the Choshu Domain during the end of the Edo period, which became the driving force for the success of the Meiji Restoration.
Japanese: 江戸時代末期には長州藩から数々の優秀な志士が現れ、明治維新を成就させる原動力となった。
English: OE no Hiromoto - Suemitsu MORI (Shiro MORI, Mamoru YASUGI) - Hiromotsu MORI - 章弁 - 公恵 (In the Sonpi Bunmyaku, a text compiled in the 14th century that recorded the lineages of the aristocracy, Mamoru YASUGI was recorded as"Nyudo MORI")
Japanese: 大江広元─毛利季光（毛利四郎、安木守、尊卑分脈には毛利入道と）─毛利広光─章弁─公恵
English: Tokichika MORI - Sadachika MORI – Chikahira MORI (the forefather was Chikashige, and in his later years, he moved to the Aki Province in the south with his grandfather Tokichika and his father, Sadachika.
Japanese: 毛利時親─毛利貞親─毛利親衡（初め親茂、祖父時親、父貞親共に晩年、安芸国に下向。
English: Then continues as: - Motoharu (Morichika) MORI - Hirofusa MORI - Mitsufusa MORI - Hiromoto (Hirofusa) MORI - Toyomoto MORI - Hiromoto MORI - Okimoto MORI – Name uncertain (Komatsumaru MORI) - Motonari MORI (the second son of Hiromoto MORI)
Japanese: ─毛利元春（師親）─毛利広房─毛利光房─毛利熈元（熈房）─毛利豊元─毛利弘元─毛利興元─某（毛利幸松丸）─毛利元就（毛利弘元次男）とある。
English: As the fourth son of OE no Hiromoto, Suemitsu succeeded Morinosho in Sagami Province from his father, then he came to proclaim as the Mori clan.
Japanese: 季光は大江広元の四男で相模国毛利荘を父から相続したため、毛利氏を称するようになった。
English: Therefore, Suemitsu should actually be the forefather of the Mori family and the Mori clan; however, as it is the custom of their family to regard Amenohohi (a male Shinto god) as the first head of the family, Suemistu is said to be the 39th head of the clan.
Japanese: 従って、毛利家・毛利氏としては季光が初代とするのが相当であるが、毛利家の慣習上、アメノホヒを初代とするため、季光は39代とされている。
English: Although Suemitsu was the father-in-law of Tokiyori HOJO, he banded with Yasumura MIURA and rebelled against the Hojo clan (the Battle of Hoji); Suemitsu lost in the war and the majority of the family disappeared, it is said that only the family of Tsunemitsu in Echigo, the fourth son of Suemitsu, managed to survive.
Japanese: 季光は北条時頼の義父であったにもかかわらず三浦泰村と結んで北条氏に反旗を翻した（宝治合戦）が、敗北して一族の大半が果ててしまい、越後にいた季光の四男経光の家系が残ったとされている。
English: It was rare that a rebelling family could avoid being punished, although they ware not directly participating; it is thought that the reason of Suemitsu MORI not being punished could be due to the fact that the Nagai clan, who was playing the central role in the Kamakura bakufu.
Japanese: 直接関係はなかったとはいえ、謀反人の一族が処罰されないことは少なく、毛利季光が処罰されなかったのは鎌倉幕府中枢に居た一族の長井氏の存在があると思われる。
English: During the late Kamakura period, Tokichika MORI assumed the position of hyojoshu (a member of Council of State) for the Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto); however, displeased with the matrimonially related Enki NAGASAKI, the Naikanrei (head of Tokuso Family), holding power in the bakufu instead of the regent Takatoki HOJO, Tokichika lived in seclusion in goryosho (the imperial or shogunate's estate) in the Kawachi Province.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代後期には毛利時親が京都の六波羅探題の評定衆を勤めるが、姻戚関係であった内管領の長崎円喜が執権北条高時に代わり幕府で政権を握っているのを嫌い、料所の河内国へ隠棲する。
English: Caused by the Emperor Godaiko's anti-shogunate movement, the Genko War started in 1333 which Takauji ASHIKAGA destroyed the Kamakura bakufu; by this time, however, Tokichika MORI had already defected from the bakufu and did not participate in the Kenmu no Shinsei (The new government of the Emperor Godaigo).
Japanese: 1333年(元弘3)に後醍醐天皇の討幕運動から元弘の乱が起こり、足利尊氏らが鎌倉幕府を滅亡させるが、毛利時親は幕府から離反しており、後醍醐天皇により開始された建武の新政からも距離を置いている。
English: Motoharu MORI, a great-grandson of Tokichika, supported the Ashikaga side during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, and played an active role under the commander Sadayo (Ryoshun) IMAGAWA, when the Ashikaga bakufu (Muromachi bakufu) dispatched Sadayo for the subjugation of Seiseifu fortress in Kyshu, which was under the power of Southern Court governed by the Imperial Prince Kanenaga.
Japanese: 南北朝時代には足利方に従い、時親の曾孫にあたる毛利元春は、足利幕府(室町幕府)が九州の南朝勢力であった懐良親王の征西府を討伐するために派遣した今川貞世(了俊)の指揮下に入り活躍している。
English: The Mori clan, who settled in the Aki Province as kokujin (lords of smaller rural domains in feudal Japan), produced several branch families, although some families fought each other during the middle of the Muromachi period, they became one of the most powerful families in the province.
Japanese: 安芸国の国人として土着した毛利氏は、一族庶家を輩出し、室町時代中期には庶家同士の争いが起きたものの、安芸国内では屈指の勢力になった。
English: However, during the generations of Toyomoto MORI (the 48th) and Hiromoto MORI (the 49th), the Mori clan was surrounded by the other powerful clans, such as the Yamana clan, the Hosokawa clan, and the Ouchi clan, which made the Mori clan in difficulty deciding their course of actions.
Japanese: しかし毛利豊元（48代）・毛利弘元（49代）の時代には山名氏、細川氏、大内氏などの大勢力に挟まれ去就に苦労することになる。
English: After Hiromoto died, during the generations of Okimoto MORI (the 50th) and Komatsumaru MORI (the 51th), the Ouchi clan and the Amago clan fought over the Aki Province and the conflicts between kokujin within the Aki Province also occurred frequently.
Japanese: 弘元の後、毛利興元（50代）・毛利幸松丸（51代）の代には、大内氏と尼子氏とが安芸を巡って争い、安芸国内の国人同士の争いも頻発した。
English: Partly due to the successive premature deaths of their family heads, the power of the Mori clan was once weakened; however, when Motonari MORI (the 52nd) became the family head, he actively used his knowledge and strategies that enabled the clan to purge conflicts between families and tyrannical vassals and destroyed enemy forces, including the Takahashi clan of the Iwami Province, he further extended his power by taking over the powerful kokujin, Yoshikawa clan in the Aki Province and the Kobayakawa clan in the Bingo Province by the way of adoption.
Japanese: 毛利氏は当主の夭折が続いたこともあり、勢力は一時衰えたが、興元の弟である毛利元就（52代）が当主となると、元就はその知略を尽くし一族の反乱や横暴な家臣を粛清、石見国の高橋氏など敵対勢力を滅ぼし、さらに有力国人である安芸国の吉川氏と備後国の小早川氏を養子により乗っ取るなど、勢力を拡大。
English: Even after Motonari handed over his family estate to his first son, Takamoto MORI (the 53th), he continued to take command as a Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period); also, in order to destroy the Amago clan, he made Haruhisa AMAGO execute the Shingu-to group who were the pillar of their military affairs, as criminals (However, a more prominent opinion in recent years is that the purge of the Shingu-to was not conducted by the conspiracy of Motonari, but by the will of Haruhisa.)
Japanese: 元就は長男の毛利隆元（53代）に家督を譲った後も戦国大名として陣頭指揮を続け、尼子氏に対しては策略を以ってその軍事の柱石である新宮党を主家の尼子晴久に誅殺させた（しかし近年では新宮党粛清は元就の策謀ではなく、あくまで晴久の意志で実行されたとの見解が有力である）。
English: Subsequently, in the Battle of Itsukushima in 1555, Motonari defeated Harukata SUE, who rebelled against Yoshitaka OUCHI and had virtually taken over the Ouchi clan.
Japanese: そして大内義隆に謀反し大内氏を事実上乗っ取った陶晴賢を1555年の厳島の戦いで破った。
English: In 1557, Motonari defeated Yoshinaga OUCHI, who was the puppet of Harukata SUE, and obtained the most of the former territories of the Ouchi clan.
Japanese: 1557年、陶晴賢の傀儡であった大内義長を攻め滅ぼし、大内氏の旧領をほぼ手中にする。
English: After that, he invaded the northern Kyushu, and fought with the Otomo clan, having the Akizuki clan of Chikuzen Province and the Takahashi clan of Buzen Province as his allies.
Japanese: その後は北九州に侵入し、筑前国や豊前国の秋月氏や高橋氏を味方に付け、大友氏とも争った。
English: In 1560, Takamoto MORI, the first son of Motonari and the family head of the Mori clan, was appointed to the Aki shugo (provincial constables of Aki Province).
Japanese: 1560年には元就の長男で毛利氏当主の隆元が安芸守護に任じられている。
English: After Takamoto died, Motonari not only acted as the guardian of his grandson, Terumoto MORI (the 54th), but also possessed the Chugoku region (the provinces of Aki, Suo, Nagato, Bicchu, Bingo, Inaba, Hoki, Izumo, Oki, and Iwami), after destroying the clan's enemy, the Amago clan.
Japanese: 隆元の没後はその子の毛利輝元（54代）を後見しつつ、1566年、仇敵の尼子氏を滅ぼして、中国地方（安芸・周防国・長門国・備中国・備後国・因幡国・伯耆国・出雲国・隠岐国・石見国）を領有した。
English: Motonari's first son Takamoto MORI, the second son Motoharu KIKKAWA, and the third son Takakage KOBAYAKAWA were all distinguished busho (Japanese military commanders), and these two younger brothers were renowned as the Mori-ryosen (military and political organization established by the scheme of Motonari), who supported the head family of the Mori clan.
Japanese: 毛利元就の長男の毛利隆元、次男の吉川元春、三男の小早川隆景らは皆優秀であり、弟2人は毛利宗家を支えた毛利両川として名高い。
English: It was the custom of the Mori clan to put the letter '元' (moto) in their first names at the time of genpuku (The letter "元" is after 大江広元, Hiromoto OE, the forefather of the clan.)
Japanese: 毛利家では、元服時に通字である「元」のついた名を名乗るのが慣例となっていた（家祖である大江広元にちなむ）。
English: A legitimate child who was to become the family head was granted to use a portion of those names of the powerful clan members, such as from the Yamana clan, the Ouchi clan, the Shogun family, and the Toyotomi clan, and combine it with "元," such as 'O元,' for example, "豊元," (Toyomoto) "豊" from the first name of "山名是豊" (Koretoyo YAMANA), "弘元," (Hiromoto) "弘" from the first name of "大内政弘" (Masahiro OUCHI), "興元," (Okimoto) "興" from the first name of "大内義興" (Yoshioki OUCHI), "隆元," (Takamoto) "隆" from the first name of "大内義隆" (Yoshitaka OUCHI), "輝元" (Terumoto), "輝" from the first name of the 13th Ashikaga Shogun "義輝" (Yoshiteru); and after the second son, naming by employing "元" from the headman's first name and adding another letter to it, such as, younger brother named "元就," (Motonari) borrowing "元" from his older brother's first name "興元" (Okimoto).
Japanese: 当主となる嫡子は山名氏・大内氏・将軍家・豊臣家などの有力者の偏諱を受け、「○元」（山名是豊の偏諱を受けた豊元、大内政弘の偏諱を受けた弘元、大内義興の偏諱を受けた興元、大内義隆の偏諱を受けた隆元、13代足利将軍義輝の偏諱を受けた輝元など）と名乗り、次男以降は（兄となる）当主の偏諱（元）を受けた形で「元○」（兄・興元の偏諱を受けた元就など）と名乗った。
English: Hidemoto (秀元), who was once an adopted heir of Terumoto, received a portion (秀) of the first name of Hideyoshi (秀吉) TOYOTOMI, and his's biological child, Hidenari (秀就), who became his heir received a portion (秀) of the first name of Hideyori (秀頼) TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: 一時、輝元の養嗣子であった秀元は豊臣秀吉の偏諱を受けたものであり、その後輝元の世子となった実子・秀就は豊臣秀頼の偏諱を受けたものである。
English: During the Edo period after Tsunahiro, who was Hidenari's son, the Mori clan was granted to use a portion of the first names of the Tokugawa Shogun, and the heirs of the Mori clan used names that employed the last letter of the names of shogun for the half of their names, as 'O元' (However, it was becoming more common to use tsuji, distinctive character used in the names of all of them belonging to a single clan or lineage, such as 'O広,' 'O就,' 'O房,' 'O親,' and 'O熙'.)
Japanese: 秀就の子・綱広以降の江戸時代には偏諱を受ける相手は徳川将軍となり（称松平・賜諱の家格とされた）、世子は元服時に将軍諱の下の字（○）を受け、「○元」などと名乗る習わしであった（しかし、「○元」と名乗る場合はむしろ少なくなり、「○広」、「○就」、「○房」、「○親」、「○熙」など他の通字を使用するケースが多くなった）。
English: At the end of the Edo bakufu, the 13th lord of the Choshu clan, Yoshichika (the 67th) and the 14th lord Sadahiro (the 68th) were forbidden to keep "慶" and"定" in their names, due to being guilty of Kimmon no Hen (the Kinmon Incident), and their names were changed back to the original "敬親" (Takachika) and "広封" (Hiroatsu) (Hiroatsu changed his name to "元徳," Motonori, after the Meiji Restoration.)
Japanese: 幕末には、13代長州藩主慶親（67代）・14代藩主定広（68代）が、禁門の変の処分として、それぞれ慶・定の名乗りを禁じられたことにより、敬親・広封と初名に名乗りを戻すこととなった（広封は明治維新後に元徳と名乗った）。
English: After the Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the emperor), as the Mori clan was conferred the title of duke, which was the highest position of the peerage, they no longer took orders from the Tokugawa clan or received portions of the names from anyone.
Japanese: 大政奉還後、華族最高位の公爵を叙爵された毛利氏は、身分的に徳川氏の風下に立つことはなくなり、誰からも偏諱を受けることはなくなった。
English: Also, according to the Dajokan Fukoku (Decrees of the Cabinet) No. 149 that banned the use of the real name and the common name together, the Mori family abolished the use of the common names; also, according to No. 235 of the same decrees that banned the change of names, the clan used the name of birth for life and abolished the custom of renaming at the genpuku.
Japanese: また、明治5年太政官布告149号・通称実名併称禁止により毛利家においては諱を名乗ることとなり、同年太政官布告235号・改称禁止令により、出生時の命名が基本となり、元服時に新たに名を付けることは禁止された。
English: Due to these decrees, the clan members named their children with "元" on top of their first names at the births, as '元O.'
Japanese: これにより出生時に（元）を頭に据え、「元○」の形で名付けることとなった。
English: The grandson of Motonari MORI, Terumoto MORI, subordinated himself to Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and possessed the provinces of Aki, Suo, Nagato, half of Bicchu, Bingo, half of Hoki, Izumo, Oki, and Iwami.
Japanese: 毛利元就の孫の毛利輝元は豊臣秀吉に属し、安芸、周防、長門、備中半国、備後、伯耆半国、出雲、隠岐、石見を領した。
English: He also built Hiroshima-jo Castle and moved his base from Yoshida Koriyama-jo Castle to this castle, which was facing the Inland Sea, on a more convenient location.
Japanese: 吉田郡山城から地の利の良い瀬戸内海に面した広島城を築城し本拠を移る。
English: As it was explained that Terumoto had been just deceived, when Hiroie KIKKAWA communicated secretly, Terumoto managed to keep his territories; however, as his name was found in a (secret) covenant under joint signature found in Osaka-jo Castle after the defeat, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA annulled the agreement, and Terumoto took the blame and his territories were diminished to the Suo Province and Nagato Province (Choshu Domain).
Japanese: 吉川広家の内通時に毛利氏は担ぎ上げられただけとの弁明により、所領は安泰であったが、敗戦後に大坂城で押収された書状に連判状に輝元の名があったことから徳川家康は約束を反故にし、輝元は責任を問われ周防国・長門国（長州藩）に減封された。
English: In the end of Edo period, during the generation of Takachika Mori, the Mori clan suffered the oppression from the Edo bakuhu,including the subjugation of Choshu; however, the clan produced brilliant figures such as Shoin YOSHIDA, Shinsaku TAKASUGI, and Kogoro KATSURA and succeeded the Meiji Restoration.
Japanese: 江戸時代末期、毛利敬親の時、長州征伐等により幕府から圧迫を受けたが、吉田松陰や高杉晋作、桂小五郎等の有能な人材を輩出し、明治維新を成就させた。
English: Hosokawa clan was a samurai family that prospered between the Kamakura period to the Edo period, the original family name was Genji.
Japanese: 細川氏（ほそかわし）は、本姓は源氏、鎌倉時代から江戸時代にかけて栄えた武家。
English: The surname Hosokawa originated from the fact that the family settled in Hosokawa-go, Nukata County, Mikawa Province (presently around Hosokawa-cho, Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture) in the 13th century of Kamakura period.
Japanese: 細川という名字は鎌倉時代13世紀に三河国額田郡細川郷（現在の愛知県岡崎市細川町周辺）に土着したことに由来する。
English: At the disturbance in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), the Hosokawa clan actively involved as a family of the Ashikaga Shogunal family, and took the side of Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) of the Northern Court (Japan).
Japanese: 南北朝時代(日本)の動乱では、足利将軍家の一門として、北朝(日本)・室町幕府方として活躍した。
English: They became a powerful Shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords) and the family held Shugo (a provincial military governor) of eight provinces in the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto) and the Shikoku region.
Japanese: そして、畿内・四国を中心に一門で八か国の守護を占める有力守護大名となる。
English: After that, his direct descendant (Keicho family) was appointed to kanrei for generations, and was counted as one of Sankanrei (three families in the post of kanrei, or shogunal deputy), along with the Shiba clan and the Hatakeyama clan.
Japanese: 以後嫡流（京兆家）は代々管領に任ぜられ、斯波氏・畠山氏とともに三管領の一つに数えられる。
English: Katsumoto HOSOKAWA became the commander-in-chief for the eastern army in the Onin War, and his son Masamoto HOSOKAWA took over the real power of the bakufu, ousting the 10th Shogun Yoshitane ASHIKAGA in the Meio Coup.
Japanese: 応仁の乱で細川勝元は東軍の総帥となり、その子細川政元は明応の政変で10代将軍足利義稙を退けて幕府の実権を掌握した。
English: The Hosokawa clan was split into two that each of them associated with hikan (low-level bureaucrat) or the powers in the Kinai-Kingoku area, and fought against each other (Ryohosokawa War).
Japanese: 細川氏は2派に分かれそれぞれに被官や畿内近国の諸勢力が結びついて争う（両細川の乱）。
English: The Miyoshi clan, the Shugodai (the acting Military Governor) of Shugo (military governor) family of Awa and which one of Masamoto's adopted children Sumimoto HOSOKAWA was from, advanced into Kinai region and their power came to overwhelm that of the head family.
Japanese: 政元の養子の一人細川澄元の出身の阿波守護家の守護代三好氏が畿内に進出し、その勢力は主家を凌ぐようになる。
English: When Nobunaga ODA backed up the 15th shogun, Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA and drove the Miyoshi clan out from the Kinai region, Akimoto HOSOKAWA served Nobunaga and became the husband of Nobunaga's younger sister, but never retrieved the reins of power in his old days.
Japanese: 織田信長が15代将軍足利義昭を擁立して、畿内から三好氏の勢力を一掃すると、細川昭元は信長に属しその妹婿となったが、昔日の権勢を回復することはなかった。
English: On the other hand, Yusai HOSOKAWA (Yusai) from a branch line of the Shugo family of upper Izumi (hangoku [half a province]), served Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA as a close associate for Yoshiaki's appointment to the shogunate.
Japanese: 一方、傍流の和泉上（半国）守護家の細川幽斎（幽斎）は足利義昭の側近としてその将軍職就任に奔走した。
English: However, later he was actively involved as a vassal of Nobunaga ODA with his first son Tadaoki HOSOKAWA (Sansai), who was put up for adoption to the Oshu family.
Japanese: しかし、後には長男で奥州家に養子に出した細川忠興（三斎）とともに織田信長の配下として活躍した。
English: At the Honnoji Incident, he did not support Mitsuhide AKECHI, his own relative, and served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, who later became tenkabito (person becoming the ruler of the country).
Japanese: 本能寺の変では縁戚の明智光秀に味方せず、後に天下人となる豊臣秀吉に服した。
English: Later, Tadaoki came to possess 399,000 koku of the Kokura Domain in Buzen Province by his distinguished service in the Battle of Sekigahara.
Japanese: その後、忠興は関ヶ原の戦いの功により豊前国小倉藩39万9千石を領した。
English: The Hosokawa clan became a feudal lord of 540,000 Koku of the Kumamoto Domain, Higo Province in the generation of Tadatoshi HOSOKAWA, the son of Tadaoki, then reached the Meiji Restoration.
Japanese: その子細川忠利の代に肥後国熊本藩54万石の領主となり、明治維新に至る。
English: Among many daimyo (Japanese feudal lord), the Hosokawa clan is a rare family of pedigree that continued since the Kamakura period, the Muromachi period, and Edo period to present days.
Japanese: 細川氏は、多くの大名の中でも、鎌倉、室町から江戸、現代まで名門として続いた希有の家である。
English: The originator of the Hosokawa clan is said to be MINAMOTO no Yoshikiyo (Yada no Hangandai) who was the first illegitimate child (who were born out of wedlock) of Yoshiyasu ASHIKAGA, the founder of the Ashikaga clan.
Japanese: 細川氏の開祖は、足利氏の祖・足利義康の庶長子である源義清(矢田判官代)とされる。
English: At the end of Heian period, Yoshikiyo was affiliated with MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka, and Yoshikiyo died in the Battle of Mizushima, in Bicchu Province, the battle against the Taira clan fled from the capital.
Japanese: 平安時代末期、義清は源義仲に属し、都から追い落とした平家軍との戦である備中国水島の戦いで戦死している。
English: When Yoshiuji ASHIKAGA (the third head of the ASHIKAGA family) of the Ashikaga head family became Mikawa Shugo in the Kamakura period, Yoshikiyo's grandson Yoshisue HOSOKAWA advanced into Mikawa Province with his older brothers Yoshimune TOGASAKI and Sanekuni NIKI, and ruled over Hosokawa-go, and called himself Jiro HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代に、足利本家の足利義氏(足利家3代目当主)が三河守護となると、義清の孫細川義季は兄の戸賀崎義宗・仁木実国らとともに三河国へ進出し、細川郷を領して細川二郎と名乗った。
English: Although the clan was of the Ashikaga clan, the Hosokawa clan in this period was not a powerful gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and the Muromachi through the Edo periods), unlike the Shiba clan and the Hatakeyama clan whose kakaku (family status) were high and were highly independent from the head family.
Japanese: しかし同じ足利一門でも、斯波氏や畠山氏の家格が高く本家からの独立性が強かったのとは異なり、この時代の細川氏はさほど有力な御家人ではなかった。
English: Brothers of Kazuuji HOSOKAWA and Yoriharu HOSOKAWA and their male cousins, Akiuji HOSOKAWA and Jozen HOSOKAWA served Takauji ASHIKAGA through the end of Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代にかけて、細川和氏・細川頼春兄弟やその従兄弟の細川顕氏・細川定禅らが足利尊氏に従う。
English: Kazuuji, with Shigeyoshi UESUGI, played the role of envoys requesting for the Emperor Godaigo to return to the allegiance, and also he joined to attack on Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto) in Kyoto.
Japanese: そこで和氏は上杉重能とともに後醍醐天皇に帰順を願う使者の役割を果たし、京都の六波羅探題攻撃にも加わった。
English: Moreover Kazuuji left the capital to assist the legitimate child of Takauji, Senjuo (later the second Shogun Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA), who had taken Kamakura with the order of Yoshisada NITTA, and he assisted the Ashikaga clan to take control of Kamakura, opposing Yoshisada.
Japanese: さらに新田義貞に奉じられて鎌倉を陥落させた尊氏の嫡子・千寿王（後の2代将軍足利義詮）を補佐するために下向し、義貞に対抗して鎌倉を足利氏に掌握させる。
English: They won through the battles against the Southern Court (Japan) around Awa Province and Sanuki Province, and promoted hikanka (to become a vassal of a Samurai family) of local powerful clans.
Japanese: 阿波国、讃岐国を中心に南朝(日本)方との争いを勝ち抜き、在地豪族の被官化を押し進めた。
English: At first, Kiyouji HOSOKAWA, a legitimate child of Kazuuji, held the real power of the shogunate government as a steward (later kanrei [shogunal deputy]) of the Shogun, Yoshiakira.
Japanese: 和氏の嫡子である細川清氏は、当初将軍義詮の執事職（後の管領）として幕政の実権を握った。
English: However he was overthrown by a slander of Doyo SASAKI (the Koan Coup), and was eliminated after sided with the Southern Court.
Japanese: しかし、佐々木道誉の讒言により失脚し（康安の政変）、南朝方に属して滅んだ。
English: Shigeuji HOSOKAWA, the son of Akiuji, also died suddenly, therefore Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA, a legitimate child of Yoriharu, became the most influential person in the Hosokawa clan.
Japanese: また顕氏の子・細川繁氏も急死し、頼春の嫡子である細川頼之が細川氏で随一の実力者となる。
English: The Keicho family that was successively appointed to bakufu kanrei refers to the descendant of Yorimoto HOSOKAWA, Yoriharu's younger brother who later became Yoriharu's adopted child, and the many of other powerful branch families were also derived in the period of Yoriharu.
Japanese: 代々幕府の管領に任ぜられることになる京兆家は、頼之の弟でその養子となった細川頼元の後裔を指し、その他の有力な庶家も、多くは頼之の時代に派生している。
English: In the Muromachi period, the Hosokawa clan reduced the risk of the internal discord within the family by forming a group so-called a clan alliance, centering on the Keicho family.
Japanese: 室町時代の細川氏は、京兆家を中心とした同族連合体とも言うべき集団を形成することで、一族間の内訌の危険を減らした。
English: By this way they rejected the influence of the shogun trying to reduce the power of the dominant Shugo, and kept the status of kanrei and a dominant Shugo.
Japanese: これにより有力守護の勢力を削ごうとする将軍の干渉を排し、管領・有力守護の地位を保ち続けたのである。