nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: As a result of Air Raids in June, the two-thirds of Kobe was burned, and Noda also fell victim at the former residence of Kawasaki in Nunobiki which had been assigned as an official residence.
Japanese: 6月の空襲は神戸の三分の二が焦土と化し、野田も公邸にあてられていた布引の旧川崎邸で被災。
English: It was also said that Noda had become filled with phobia about air raids, and in July when the war would be over soon, he asked himself, 'Who could endure the leading position like mine under this situation, if he is not endowed with three conditions that are the strong mental vigor, the physical strength, and the confidence of everyone?'
Japanese: 野田は空襲恐怖症にとらわれたとも言われ、終戦間際の7月、「旺盛な精神力、体力、各位の信任の三つの条件が備わっていなければ、この時局の指導的地位には耐えられぬ」と自問。
English: Masakata ISHIBASHI (1840 - 1916) was a Japanese samurai, translator of Dutch, and government official of Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Japanese: 石橋政方（いしばしまさかた、天保11年（1840年）-大正5年（1916年））は日本の武士・オランダ通詞、外務省官吏。
English: He did a lot for diplomatic negotiations as an interpreter and translator of English from the last days of the Tokugawa Shogunate to the Meiji era.
Japanese: 幕末から明治にかけて英語の通訳および翻訳方として外交交渉に尽くすところが多かった。
English: 1868: He began to serve the New Government, and after that he successively worked in various posts such as First rank translator of foreign affairs, Major translator of foreign affairs, Provisional junior secretary of the same office, Great secretary of the same office, and so on.
Japanese: 1868年以降新政府に出仕し外国官一等訳官、外務大訳官、同権少丞、同大書記官等歴任
English: Akisada UESUGI (1351 - 1380) was a person who lived in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
Japanese: 上杉顕定（うえすぎあきさだ、正平(日本)6年/観応2年（1351年）-天授(日本)6年/康暦2年（1380年））は、南北朝時代(日本)の人物。
English: Although his foster father, Tomosada (who was a member of the Kyoto Uesugi clan and a cousin of his father, Fujisada), was the shugo (provincial constable) of Tanba Province, Akisada left the capital for the Kanto region to serve Kamakura kubo (Governor-general of the Kanto region) Ujimitsu ASHIKAGA, resided in Ogigayatsu in Kamakura, and became the originator of the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi clan.
Japanese: 養父朝定（京都上杉氏で父藤定の従兄弟）は丹波国守護だったが、貞治年間頃（1360年代）に顕定は関東に下向して鎌倉公方足利氏満に仕え、鎌倉扇谷の地に居住し、扇谷上杉氏の祖となった。
English: Akiyasu KITABATAKE (c.1338 - 1412) was a court noble in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) to the Muromachi Period.
Japanese: 北畠顕泰（きたばたけあきやす、永徳3年/弘和3年（1338年）-応永19年（1412年）？）は、南北朝時代(日本)から室町時代前期にかけての公家。
English: As his father died in 1383, he succeeded the family estate and became the second family head.
Japanese: 永徳3年・弘和3年（1383年）に父が死去したため、家督を継いで第2代当主となる。
English: He cooperated with the Southern Court (Japan) and fought for hegemony of Ise Province with the Toki clan who was Ise no kami (Governor of Ise Province) in the Northern Dynasty (Japan).
Japanese: 南朝_(日本)側に協力して北朝_(日本)側で伊勢守護を務めていた土岐氏と伊勢の支配権をめぐって争った。
English: Even after Meitoku no wayaku (unification of Northern and Southern Court) of 1392, he continued to resist the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) by using Genchu, which was the era name of the Southern Court, in his letter.
Japanese: 明徳3年・元中9年（1392年）に明徳の和約された後も、南朝の元号である元中を書状で使用するなど、なおも室町幕府に対して抵抗した。
English: However the then Muromachi bakufu was at the height of its prosperity under Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, the third Shogun, and he made peace with the bakufu by pledge of ryoto tetsuritsu (alternate accedence from two ancestries of imperial families) by Emperor Gokomatsu of the Northern Court and Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA.
Japanese: しかし当時の室町幕府は第3代将軍足利義満のもとで全盛期を迎えていたため、北朝の後小松天皇と足利義満が両統迭立を誓約した事によって、幕府と講和した。
English: In the Oei War in December 1399 he participated as a member of the army of bakufu with his eldest son Mitsuyasu KITABATAKE and had military exploits, but Mitsuyasu died in the battle.
Japanese: そして応永6年（1399年）12月の応永の乱では、長男の北畠満泰と共に幕府軍の一員として参加し武功を挙げたが、満泰が戦死する。
English: He died in September 1412 at his base Taki gosho (there are different opinions saying he died in October 1402 or later than 1415).
Japanese: 応永19年（1412年）9月に本拠地の多気御所で死去（異説として応永9年（1402年）10月に死去とも、死亡年は応永22年（1415年）以降ともされる）。
English: Takeshi KAWADA (October 10, 1842 - January 4, 1920) was a Japanese geographer.
Japanese: 河田羆（かわだたけし、天保13年9月7日(旧暦)（1842年10月10日）-大正9年（1920年）1月4日）は、日本の地理学者。
English: He was the only person that made every possible effort at the topography compilation project by Meiji Government from beginning to end, but almost no biography has been written about him, and he is scarcely known in the world now.
Japanese: 明治政府の地誌編纂事業に終始尽力した唯一の人物であるが、彼に関する伝記はほぼ皆無に等しく、今日においては殆ど知られていない。
English: In 1348, Ujiharu inherited the family estate and became Awaji shugo after the death of his father.
Japanese: 貞和4年/正平(日本)3年（1348年）に父が死去したため、家督を継いで淡路守護となった。
English: In 1361, Shogun (the great general) Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA issued an order to track down and kill Kiyouji HOSOKAWA by the false charge of Doyo SASAKI, etc., and after Kiyouji surrendered to the Nancho (old South Court), Ujiharu also surrendered to the Nancho followed him.
Japanese: 康安元年/正平16年（1361年）に細川清氏が佐々木道誉らに讒言されて将軍・足利義詮によって追討令が出されたために清氏が南朝(日本)に降伏すると、それに従って南朝に降伏する。
English: And in the end of 1361, Ujiharu defeated the Northern Court (Japan) side together with Kiyouji and occupied Kyoto City.
Japanese: そして同年末には清氏と共に北朝(日本)方を破って京都を占領するに至った。
English: Later, Ujiharu was defeated by backlash of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and moved to Sanuki province by boat with Kiyouji to attempt to raise an army again in 1362, but Kiyouji was killed in battle attacked by Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA who was ordered by the bakufu, and therefore, Ujiharu surrendered and returned to allegiance to the bakufu, and was appointed Awaji shugo again.
Japanese: その後、幕府の巻き返しにあって敗北し、貞治元年/正平17年（1362年）に清氏と共に讃岐国に渡海して再挙を図ったが、ここで幕命を受けた細川頼之に攻撃されて清氏は戦死し、氏春は降伏して幕府に帰順し、淡路守護に再任された。
English: After that, Ujiharu fought with the Nancho power in Kawachi province and was successful in military exploits as a military commander standing for the bakufu in 1373.
Japanese: その後は幕府方の武将として応安6年/文中2年（1373年）には河内国で南朝勢力と戦い、武功を挙げた。
English: Mitsuharu, Ujiharu's son, inherited the shugo family of Awaji province and the family continued for generations as one of powerful branch families of the Hosokawa clan, but was destroyed by the Miyoshi clan in the reign of Hisaharu HOSOKAWA at the beginning of the Sengoku period (the period of warring states) and the family line ended.
Japanese: 淡路守護家は子の満春が継ぎ、代々細川氏の有力な分家の一つとして存続したが、戦国時代(日本)初期の細川尚春の時代に三好氏滅ぼされ断絶した。
English: Ryochin BOKUHANSAI (1526 - November 29, 1602) was a jito (manager and lord of manor) of Kaizukaterauchi-cho Town, Izumi Province.
Japanese: 卜半斎了珍（ぼくはんさいりょうちん、大永6年（1526年）-慶長7年10月16日(旧暦)（1602年11月29日））は和泉国貝塚寺内町の地頭。
English: In 1545, he was invited to be a jito by Negoro-ji to Kaizuka City which was an autonomy of follower group of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) and revived the original temple.
Japanese: 天文(元号)14年（1545年）、浄土真宗の門徒集団の自治区であった貝塚市に根来寺から招かれて地頭となり、元あった寺を再興する。
English: After Kennyo left the temple was given a jigo "Gansen-ji Temple" by Junnyo and he became the first chief priest.
Japanese: が、顕如が退去した後は准如より「願泉寺」の寺号を賜り初代住持となる。
English: The Bokuhan family which Ryochin started was admitted hegemony of Kaizukaterauchi-cho Town from Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and its territory maintained towards the end of the Edo Period as a territory in the temple that was rare throughout the period.
Japanese: 了珍に始まる卜半家は、徳川家康より貝塚寺内町の支配を認められ、その領地は江戸時代を通じて数少ない寺内領として幕末に至った。
English: Today Gansen-ji Temple is locally called "Bokkasan"in relation with the name of Bokuhansai.
Japanese: 現在でも地元では卜半斎の名にちなみ、願泉寺を「ぼっかんさん」と呼ぶ。
English: Sokichi HASHIMOTO (1763 - June 14, 1836) was a Ranpoi (a person who studied Western medicine by means of the Dutch language) and Rangakusha (a person who studied Western sciences by means of the Dutch language).
Japanese: 橋本宗吉（はしもとそうきち、宝暦13年（1763年）-天保7年5月1日(旧暦)（1836年6月14日））は日本の蘭方医、蘭学者。
English: His disciples included Tenyu NAKA, Soteki FUSEYA, Bunken KAGAMI, Hosaku SAITO, Shosai OYA, Kenzo FUJITA, Gengo NAKAGAWA, and Ryohei NAKAGAWA.
Japanese: 門弟に中天游、伏屋素狄、各務文献、斎藤方策、大矢尚斎、藤田顕藏、中川元吾、中川量平。
English: He was working as an umbrella maker in Osaka when a Ranpoi of Kyoto, Genshun KOISHI and an astronomer Shigetomi HAZAMA recognized his talent, and he went to Edo to study at the age of 27 with their introductions and financial supports.
Japanese: 大坂で傘職人をしていたが、京都の蘭方医小石元俊と天文学者間重富に才能を見出され、ふたりの紹介と経済的支援を得て27歳で江戸に遊学する。
English: It is said that he leaned about 40,000 Dutch vocabularies in only four months and came to be known as the Gentaku's Big Four (the Shiran-do Big Four).
Japanese: わずか4ヶ月で4万語のオランダ語を習得したといわれ、玄沢四天王（芝蘭堂四天王）に数えられたという。
English: After returning to Osaka, he translated Dutch books for Koishi and others, and opened his private school and clinic, Shikan-do, where he both taught and practiced as a physician.
Japanese: 大坂へ戻ると小石らのため蘭書を翻訳し、医院と学塾を兼ねた私塾である絲漢堂を開き診療と教育活動に務める。
English: In 1827, when one of his students, Kenzo FUJITA was arrested for being involved in the Osaka Christian Incident aroused by Heihachiro OSHIO, Sokichi also underwent severe investigation, which led to the closure of Shikan-do.
Japanese: 文政10年（1827年）大塩平八郎による大坂切支丹一件が発生すると弟子の藤田顕藏が逮捕されたため、宗吉も過酷な取調べを受けることになり、絲漢堂も閉鎖に追い込まれた。
English: Later He was released as his innocence had been proven, however he had to temporarily live in seclusion in Takehara, Hiroshima Prefecture, as the Siebold Incident triggered a severe criticism against Rangakusha.
Japanese: その後、無実が証明され釈放されたが、シーボルト事件の影響で蘭学者への風当たりが強まると宗吉は一時広島県竹原に隠棲した。
English: While he was devoting himself to the solution of the Tempo Famine in 1832, he contracted a disease.
Japanese: 天保3年（1832年）天保の大飢饉が発生すると事態打開を図り奔走するがその最中、病の床に就く。
English: Although he once showed signs of recovery, he died on June 14, 1836, following the sudden death of his best disciple, Tenyu NAKA, on March 26, 1835, who had been taking care of him.
Japanese: 一時は回復をみせるも天保6年（1835年）3月26日、看病を続けてくれた1番弟子中天游が突如この世を去り、自身も天保7年（1836年）5月1日死去。
English: His translation works included "Karan Shinyaku Chikyu Zenzu" (New Translation from Dutch, World Map), "Ranka Naigai Sanpo Hoten" (Textbook of Dutch Internal Medicine and Surgery), "Oranda Erekiteru Kyurigen" (Principles of Electricity Developed in Holland), and "Seiyo Iji Shusei Hokan" (Treasure Chest of Collection of Western Medical Facts).
Japanese: 著作に『喎蘭新訳地球全図』『蘭科内外三方法典』『阿蘭陀エレキテル究理原』『西洋医事集成宝凾』ほか。
English: Together with Genshun KOISHI, he is considered a founder of Western studies in the Osaka area and a bridge between West and East for Japan's Western studies movement.
Japanese: 小石元俊とともに東西の蘭学を結ぶ人物と位置づけられ、大坂蘭学の基礎を築いた人物と評されている。
English: Takako TAKATSUKASA (June 13, 1787 - July 6, 1870) was a woman in the Edo Period.
Japanese: 鷹司隆子（たかつかさたかこ、天明7年4月28日(旧暦)（1787年6月13日）-明治3年6月8日(旧暦)（1870年7月6日））は江戸時代の女性。
English: Masamichi TAKATSUKASA was her younger brother, and her sisters were as follows: a wife of Emperor Ninko (Empress), Shinko (posthumous title that means a new emperor) Kamonin (Tsunako TAKATSUKASA); nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court [a consort of an emperor]) Shinsakuheimonin; the lawful wife of Shogun Iesada TOKUGAWA, Ninshi TAKATSUKASA; a wife of Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Tatsuhito, Princess Yoshiko TAKATSUKASA; a wife of Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Kuniie, Princess Hiroko TAKATSUKASA.
Japanese: 弟に鷹司政通、姉妹に仁孝天皇皇后の新皇嘉門院（鷹司繁子）、同じく女御の新朔平門院（鷹司祺子）、将軍徳川家定正室の鷹司任子、閑院宮孝仁親王妃の鷹司吉子、伏見宮邦家親王妃の鷹司景子がいる。
English: In 1807, she married into the 12th lord of Kaga Domain, Narinaga MAEDA.
Japanese: 文化(元号)4年（1807年〉に加賀藩十二代藩主前田斉広に輿入れする。
English: Seisonkaku Villa, designated as an important cultural property, was built for Takako by the 13th lord of domain, Nariyasu MAEDA.
Japanese: 重用文化財指定の成巽閣は十三代藩主前田斉泰によって隆子のために建てられたものである。
English: Masamitsu MIMURODO (December 10, 1842 - 1922) was a Kugyo (high court noble)in the end of Edo Period.
Japanese: 三室戸和光（みむろどまさみつ、天保13年11月9日(旧暦)（1842年12月10日）-大正11年（1922年））は、江戸時代末期の公卿。
English: He was the eldest legitimate son of the 7th head of the Mimurodo family, Katamitsu MIMURODO, and in the Meiji Period he was conferred the title of viscount, was granted Junii (Junior Second Rank) and served as the chief priest of Ise-jingu Shrine.
Japanese: 三室戸家七代目三室戸陳光の嫡男、明治になり子爵、従二位、伊勢神宮大宮司。
English: Harumitsu MIMURODO, a son of the 6th family head Takemitsu MIMURODO, who was supposed to be the heir, became the Guji (chief of those who serves shrine, controls festivals and general affairs) of Heian-jingu Shrine.
Japanese: 継嗣となるはずだった六代三室戸雄光の子三室戸治光が平安神宮の宮司となる。
English: The Mimurodo family was considered to be a branch line of the Yanagihara family originated from the Hino Family, descendent from the Manatsu line, the Hokke (Hoku Family) of the Fujiwara clan, and at first the family used the name 'Kitakoji' but in 1665, at the request of the family, it was allowed to change the family name to 'Mimurodo.'
Japanese: 三室戸家は藤原氏北家真夏流日野家柳原庶流とされ、初め北小路を称したが寛文5年（1665年）、願いにより三室戸を家名とした。
English: Tomotsune TOSHIMA (year of birth unknown - November 27, 1203) was a samurai (warrior) from the end of the Heian period to the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 豊島朝経（としまともつね、生年不詳-建仁3年（1203年）10月15日）は平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期の武士。
English: In August, 1180, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who had raised an army against the Taira clan was defeated by the Taira side, including Kagechika OBA, in the Battle of Ishibashiyama and fled to Awa Province.
Japanese: 治承4年（1180年）8月、平氏打倒の挙兵をした源頼朝は石橋山の戦いで大庭景親ら平氏方に敗れ、安房国へ逃れた。
English: On September 30, Yoritomo ordered Kiyomoto who was the family head of the Toshima clan and favored by the Minamoto clan and his son, Kiyoshige KASAI, to go to Awa Province by sea and also ordered Asatsune who were in Kyoto to present cotton clothes to his wife and daughter.
Japanese: 9月3日、頼朝は源氏恩顧の武士である豊島氏当主の清元とその子葛西清重に海路をもって安房国へ参じるよう命じ、また在京中だった朝経には、その妻女に綿衣を進呈するように命じている。
English: Kiyoshige KASAI was an excellent busho (Japanese military commander) with military exploits by joining an army of MINAMOTO no Noriyori, and he was appointed as sobugyo (general magistrate) in Oshu region by flourishing in the battle of Oshu, and consequently the Kasai family became a great clan.
Japanese: 葛西清重は優れた武将で、源範頼に従軍して武功を立て、奥州合戦で活躍して奥州総奉行に任ぜられ、葛西氏は奥州の大族となっている。
English: A letter in the name of Tokimasa HOJO remains, in which Asatsune was ordered to forcibly enforce Jitoshiki (stewardship rights) because local residents did not obey Akimichi NAKAHARA who was appointed as Jitoshiki in Fukabuchi-go and Kosogabe-go in the same province.
Japanese: 北条時政の名の書状があり、同国内の深淵郷と香宗我部郷の地頭職に任じられた中原秋通に現地の住民が従わないため、朝経へ地頭職を強制執行するよう命じられている。
English: On November 22 of the same year, Mt. Hiei's armed warrior priests built a fortress in Mt. Hachioji and caused a civil disorder by barricading themselves inside.
Japanese: 同年10月10日、比叡山衆徒が八王子山に城砦を構築して立て籠もり騒擾を起こす事態となった。
English: Asatsune joined the government army with Shigemoto Kasai of the same clan (younger brother ?) for subjugation and those priests were subdued, but three hundreds of the government army were killed, and Shigetsuna SASAKI, Asatsune, and Shigemoto also died in the battle.
Japanese: 朝経は同族（弟？）の葛西重元とともに官軍に加わり、討伐に向かい比叡山衆徒は蹴散らされたが、官軍300人が戦死し、佐々木重綱および、朝経、重元は討ち死にした。
English: According to 'Kinrin-ji Temple's Genealogies of TOSHIMA' and 'Yasumitsu's Genealogies of TOSHIMA' created by Yasumitsu TOSHIMA who was a hatamoto (direct retainer) in the Edo period, Asatsune was the oldest son of Kiyomoto and his lineage became the main branch of the Toshima family, but his name was not described in 'Genealogies of Toshima Miyagi' by the Miyagi family who was the clan's hatamoto (the lineage of Kiyoshige KASAI was to be the main branch of the family in this genealogy).
Japanese: 朝経は江戸時代に旗本豊島泰盈が作成した「金輪寺本豊島家系図」「泰盈本豊島家系図」では清元の長子とされ彼の系統が豊島氏の嫡流となるが、一族の旗本宮城氏の「豊島宮城系図」ではその名が現れない（こちらは葛西清重の系統が嫡流になっている）。
English: It is confirmed that Aritsune, who was described as Asatsune's son in the genealogy, was already the governor of Kii Province in 1184 ("Negoro Document Required"), and thereby it is unnatural.
Japanese: 系図で子とされる有経が元暦元年（1184年）に既に紀伊国守護人であることが確認されており（『根来要書』）、不自然な点がある。
English: There is no name of Asatsune in recently found 'Genealogy of various lines of Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan)' created in the end of Kamakura period.
Japanese: 近年になって発見された鎌倉時代末期作成の「桓武平氏諸流系図」には朝経の名がない。
English: The head family of the Toshima clan went to ruin in the Muromachi period and the genealogy was restored more than two hundred years later, with confusion in identification of the people, and in recent study, Asatsune was believed to be a son of Aritsune who was described as his son in the genealogy, and their parent-child relationship was reversed.
Japanese: 豊島氏本宗家は室町時代に滅びており、系図はその200年以上後になって復元されたもので、人物の比定に混乱が見られ、近年の研究では朝経は系図では子になっている有経の子と推定され、親子関係が逆転している。
English: According to the genealogy reflected the recent study, their territory was confiscated by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) at the time of Tokimitsu TOSHIMA who was a son of Asatsune (grandson in the previous genealogy), and the lineage of Asatsune had ended.
Japanese: 近年の研究を反映した系図では朝経の子（従来の系図では孫）の豊島時光の時に幕府から所領を没収され、朝経の系統は断絶した。
English: The Toshima clan was a meritorious vassal in the formation of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and had its territory in Musashi province, now around Tokyo.
Japanese: 豊島氏は鎌倉幕府創業の功臣で、南武蔵国（東京都周辺）に所領を持っていた。
English: Tokimitsu and Morikazu OMIYA (gokenin [immediate vassal of the shogunate] in Musashi province) disputed over a land of Toshima clan in Musashi Province.
Japanese: 時光と大宮盛員（武蔵国の御家人）が武蔵国豊島庄犬食名を巡って争論した。
English: This was caused by shiichi-han (type of chohan tobaku, or gambling at a game of dice) whose bookmaker was Aritada OMIYA.
Japanese: 原因は大宮有忠が胴元となった四一半（サイコロを用いた丁半賭博のようなもの）にあった。
English: In the Kamakura period, gambling games of sugoroku and shiichi-han were popular among gokenin, and some of them even risked their residence or territory, which sometimes resulted in a killing fight, and became a social problem.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代には御家人による双六や四一半による博打が盛んで、中には屋敷や所領まで賭ける者がいて、勝敗がもとで殺し合いにまでなり、社会問題となっていた。
English: The bakufu enacted bans on gambling a number of times in amendments to Goseibai-shikimoku (code of conduct for samurai), stipulating that people who violated the bans should be dismissed.
Japanese: 幕府は御成敗式目の追加法で幾度も博打の禁令を出しており、違背すれば召し放ちにすると定めていた。
English: The disputed land of Toshima was part of the territory of the Toshima clan, whose location has not been specified but is presumed to have been around Horinouchi, Adachi Ward, Minami-hirayamagi, Kawaguchi City, or Oku, Arakawa Ward.
Japanese: 豊島庄犬食名は豊島氏の所領であり、正確な場所は不明だが、足立区堀之内、川口市南平柳、荒川区尾久あたりと推定される。
English: On June 30 1241, Nakayasu TSUSHIMA issued a ruling as a bugyo (magistrate), thus Toshima's land was confiscated.
Japanese: 仁治2年（1241年）4月25日、対馬仲康が奉行となり裁決を下し、豊島庄犬食名は没収されてしまった。
English: According to some records, the Toshima clan set up a business of water transport in Tosa and Kii provinces where Tokimitsu's father Tomotsune and his grand-father Aritsune TOSHIMA were governors, respectively.
Japanese: 時光の父の朝経は土佐国守護、祖父の豊島有経は紀伊国守護を務めて豊島氏が土佐や紀伊へ進出して水運業を営んでいた形跡がある。
English: Therefore, some theories suggest that this affair was not a mere gambling but that Tokimitsu who involved in the water transport business gambled his territory.
Japanese: そのため、この事件は単純な丁半博打ではなく、水運業者の時光が所領を投機の対象にしていたのではないかという説もある。
English: King Munmu (year of birth unknown - 681) was the 30th king of the Korean kingdom of Silla (reigned from 661 to 681), whose family name was Kim and given name was Beopmin.
Japanese: 文武王（ぶんぶおう、生年不詳-681年）は、新羅の第30代の王（在位661年-681年）であり、姓は金、諱は法敏。
English: He was the eldest child of King Muyeol, the former king, and Munmyeong, a daughter of Kim So Hyun, who was a Tsunuka (first-ranked officer), and she was also a younger sister of Kim Yu-shin.
Japanese: 先代の武烈王の長子であり、母は新羅官位制度（1等官）の金舒玄の娘（金庾信の妹）の文明夫人。
English: During his reign, he destroyed the Korean kingdom of Goguryeo and unified the Korean peninsula by driving the Tang Dynasty's power out of the peninsula.
Japanese: 在位中に高句麗を滅ぼし、また唐の勢力を朝鮮半島から駆逐して、半島の統一を果たした。
English: After his father Kim Chun-chu, who had not ascended the throne as King Muyeol yet, established a close relationship between Tang China and Silla and returned to the country, Kim Beopmin visited Tang in June 650 in order to report the victory of a local war against Baekje in 649 and present a great peace poem of five-word verses written by Queen Jindeok, admiring the prestige of the Tang Dynasty.
Japanese: 武烈王として即位する前の父・金春秋が唐と新羅との緊密な関係を築いて帰国した後、649年の百済との局地戦の戦勝報告と、真徳女王が唐の威光を称えて作った五言太平頌を献上することとを任務として、金法敏は650年6月に唐を訪れた。
English: Emperor Gao Zong was so delighted with this that the post of Taifu Qing (the minister of palace supplies) was given to Kim Beopmin before he returned to the country.
Japanese: 高宗(唐)はこのことを大変に喜び、金法敏は太府卿の職を授かって帰国した。
English: When his father ascended the throne as King Muyeol after his return, he was given a director position called Hachinsan (forth-ranked officer) in 654, and then he was appointed Crown Prince.
Japanese: 帰国して後に父が武烈王として即位すると、654年に新羅官位制度（4等官）の位で兵部令（長官）となり、次いで太子に立てられた。
English: Leading 50,000 soldiers with Kim Yushin and other fellows, he fought against Baekje together with Tang's army led by Su Dingfang, who was the Great General of the Left Guard, in July 660, and made great achievements.
Japanese: 660年7月の対百済戦役では、金庾信らとともに5万の兵を率いて左武衛大将軍蘇定方の指揮する唐軍に合流して戦って大功をあげた。
English: Although remaining forces of Baekje continued to rebel in various regions, Kim Beopmin and allied forces got 尓礼城 Castle (青馬山城 Castle in Fuyu County, South Chungcheong Province) fallen, and all the remaining forces of Baekje in more than 20 castles surrendered, which made old territories of Baekje suppressed once.
Japanese: その後も百済の残存勢力は各地で反乱したが、10月には金法敏らの諸軍が尓礼城（忠清南道扶余郡の青馬山城）を陥落させて、残りの20余城の百済軍もすべて降伏し、百済旧地はいったん平定された。
English: When the momentum of their success in the subjugation of Baekje made Tang China begin to advance toward Goguryeo, King Muyeol passed away in June 661 and Kim Beopmin ascended the throne.
Japanese: 百済を平定した唐がその余勢をかって高句麗に進軍し始めた頃、661年6月に武烈王が死去し金法敏は即位した。
English: Requested from Tang to support their army to conquer Goguryeo immediately, King Munmu ordered Kim Yushin and other fellows to supply food to the Tang army staying in Pyongyang, in order to show their intention of total backup.
Japanese: 唐からは直ちに高句麗討伐軍に呼応することを求められ、文武王は金庾信らに命じて唐軍のいる平壌へ食糧を補給し、全面的に支援をする構えを保った。
English: At this battle, Goguryeo held out against the enemy's attack, and the Tang army ended the battle and returned to China after receiving the food.
Japanese: このときの高句麗は唐の攻撃に耐え、唐軍は食糧を受け取ると戦いを収めて帰国していった。
English: In 662, Tang conferred honorific titles of "Kaifu Yitong Sansi (Supreme Minister), Jochukoku (an official rank given in recognition of one's services), King of Rakuro County, and King of Silla" on him.
Japanese: この間662年には唐から＜開府儀同三司・上柱国・楽浪郡王・新羅王＞に冊封された。
English: In May 663, former generals of Baekje including Gwisil Boksin raised a large-scaled rebellion for revival of Baekje joining hands with Buyeo Pung of the royal family, which resulted in causing the Battle of Hakusukinoe between the allied forces of Baekje and Japan and the allied forces of Tang and Silla, where the Japanese navy was completely defeated and the hope of restoring Baekje disappeared.
Japanese: 663年5月からは百済の旧将の鬼室福信らが王族の扶余豊璋を迎えて百済復興の大規模な反乱を起こし、百済・倭国の連合と唐・新羅の連合との間に白村江の戦いが行なわれたが、この戦いにおいて倭国の水軍を壊滅させ、百済の再興の望みを断ち切ることになった。
English: In April 666, Tang was requested to dispatch their troops for conquest of Goguryeo, and attacks to Goguryeo were started after Tang appointed Li Ji to the supreme commander of the army to advance to Liaodong Province.
Japanese: 666年4月には唐に対して高句麗討伐の出兵を求め、唐は李勣を遼東道行軍大摠管に任命して高句麗への攻撃が開始された。
English: In 668, Silla attacked Chang'ancheng in Pyongyang together with Tang's troops, and they succeeded in destroying Goruyeo on September 21, 668.
Japanese: 668年になって新羅も唐軍に合流して平壌の長安城を攻め、同年9月21日に高句麗を滅ぼすことに成功した。
English: A new rank called Grand-Great Tsunuka was established over Great Tsunuka, which had been the supreme rank in the official rank system of Silla until then, in order to reward distinguished war services made by Kim Yushin throughout these battles, and additionally, every noble was granted a one official rank promotion.
Japanese: これらの戦いを通じて戦功の著しかった金庾信を遇するために、それまでの最高官位である新羅官位制度の上に新羅官位制度の位を設けて与え、すべての貴族に官位一等の昇進を賜った。