nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The main character Samanosuke AKECHI was played by Somegoro ICHIKAWA, the eldest son of Koshiro MATSUMOTO IX who starred in the previous episode "Nobunaga's Coffin".
Japanese: 前作『信長の棺』で主演を務めた松本幸四郎_(9代目)の長男の市川染五郎が主人公・明智左馬助を演じている。
English: Generally it refers to the period during which literature remains, namely, from the Asuka period to the Nara period, sometimes to the pre-Nara period.
Japanese: 一般的には日本の文献が残されている時代、すなわち飛鳥時代-奈良時代を指すが、単に奈良時代以前を指す場合もある。
English: In Shinto religion, 上代 (jodai) refers to the period until Emperor Kanmu when gods (Shinto) existed in the world, 上代 (kamishiro) to 神代 (kamishiro) meaning places where gods exist in the Utsushiyo (Land of the living) and 上代 (kamiyo) to 神世 (kamiyo) meaning the whole world including Utsushiyo and Tokoyo (Land of the dead).
Japanese: 神道においては、桓武天皇までの現世にも神(神道)が君臨した時代をさし、上代（かみしろ）であれば神代（かみしろ）のことで、現世での神の存在する場所であり、上代（かみよ）であれば神世（かみよ）のことで、現世（うつしよ）と常世（とこよ）を含めた世界の全てを意味する。
English: Daineiji no hen (the revolt of Daineiji) is a coup happened between September 28 to September 30, 1551.
Japanese: 大寧寺の変（だいねいじのへん）とは、天文(元号)20年8月28日(旧暦)－9月1日(旧暦)（1551年9月28日-9月30日）にかけて起こった政変である。
English: This incident resulted in virtual fall of the Ouchi clan, which was called as the greatest Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in Saigoku (western part of Japan) and great change in ruling structure of Saigoku.
Japanese: この事件で西国随一の戦国大名とまで称されていた大内氏が実質的に滅亡し、西国の支配構造は大きく変化することとなった。
English: Since the Amago clan which attacked the Mori clan under the jurisdiction of the Ouchi clan and defeated (Battle of Yoshida Koriyama-jo Castle), the Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period) in Suo Province, Yoshitaka OUCHI made an expedition to the Amago clan's province Izumo Province to have advantage by giving additional damage to the Amago clan in 1542.
Japanese: 大内氏の傘下にあった毛利氏を攻めた尼子氏が敗退（吉田郡山城の戦い）したことから、周防国の戦国大名である大内義隆は天文11年（1542年）、この尼子氏に更なる打撃を加えて優位に立とうとすべく、大軍を率いて尼子氏の本国・出雲国への遠征に臨んだ。
English: However, since Haruhisa AMAGO shut himself up in his castle, Gassan Toda-jo Castle, for do-or-die resistence, the Ouchi army had difficulties in attacking him and so the battle continued to next year.
Japanese: しかし尼子晴久は、居城・月山富田城に籠もって徹底抗戦したため、大内軍は攻めあぐねて越年に及んだ。
English: In February, local lords including Tamekiyo MISAWA, Okitsune KIKKAWA, Hisasuke MITOYA and Tsunemitsu HONJO who had switched the side from Amago to Ouchi had secret communication and switched the side again to Amago side, which caused the debacle of the Ouchi Army.
Japanese: そして2月に、尼子方から大内方に寝返っていた国人の三沢為清、吉川興経、三刀屋久扶、本城常光らが再び尼子方に内通して寝返ったため、大内軍は総崩れとなってしまった。
English: Ouchi side was disastrously defeated with the supreme commander, Yoshitaka routed to Suo, and his adopted child, Harumochi OUCHI drowned at Iyagaura during the rout.
Japanese: 総大将・義隆は周防に敗走し、養子の大内晴持に至っては敗走途中の揖屋浦で溺死するなど、大内方の散々たる敗戦となった。
English: Since then, Yoshitaka kept vassals in the military exploit group including Harukata SUE who took the leadership in the expedition to Izumo Province from the inner circle of the government.
Japanese: 以後、義隆は、出雲遠征を主導した武功派の家臣・陶晴賢らを国政の中枢から遠ざけた。
English: Moreover, although there was no choice for Yoshitune besides letting senior vassals to take over the responsibilities when going off to a battle, he left government affairs to the hand of his favorite retainer from civilian government group, Taketo SAGARA, and stayed away from the politics.
Japanese: そればかりでなく、出陣を重臣任せにするのは仕方ないにせよ、義隆は政務を文治派の寵臣・相良武任に一任して政務から遠ざかった。
English: Thus, to pursue the initiative for the Ouchi family, the military exploit group including Takafusa SUE and Okimori NAITO became hostile to the civilian government group led by Taketo SAGARA.
Japanese: このため、大内家の主導権を巡って武功派の陶隆房・内藤興盛らが、文治派の相良武任を敵対視するようになった。
English: In 1545, their foul relationship was getting more serious, and Taketo SAGARA left the Ouchi clan by fear of Takafusa SUE.
Japanese: 天文14年（1545年）になると険悪関係は深刻度を増し、相良武任は陶隆房を恐れるあまり大内氏を辞仕。
English: However, in 1548, he served the Ouchi family again at Yoshitaka's request.
Japanese: しかし、天文17年（1548年）には義隆の要請を受けたため、大内家に再出仕することとなる。
English: In the spring in 1550, there was a rumor spreading that Takafusa would rise in rebellion, so Yoshitaka's close associate, Takatoyo REIZEI even proposed Yoshitaka to kill Takafusa.
Japanese: 天文19年（1550年）春になると、国内には隆房が謀反を起こすという伝聞が流れるまでになり、義隆の側近である冷泉隆豊は義隆に隆房の誅殺を進言するほどだった。
English: So Taketo SAGARA who scared of Takafusa, tried to make peace by marry off his daughter who had a reputation of beauty to Takafusa's legitimate son, Nagafusa SUE but failed, and ran away to escape to Higo Province on September 16.
Japanese: このため、隆房を恐れた相良武任は、美貌で評判だった自分の娘を隆房の嫡男・陶長房に嫁がせることで和睦を図ろうとしたが決裂し、9月16日には肥後国に逃亡しようと出奔した。
English: However, he was detained by the Shugodai (deputy military governor) in Chikuzen Province, Okitsura SUGI and brought back again to Suo.
Japanese: ところが、筑前国守護代の杉興連によって身柄を確保されてしまい、再び周防に連れ戻された。
English: At that time, Yoshitaka also barricaded himself in his residence with kacchu (armor) on by himself because of the fear of rebellion by Takafusa, and moreover sent questioners to Takafusa, that made the relationship of Yoshitaka and Takafusa worst.
Japanese: このとき、義隆も隆房らの謀反を恐れて、自ら甲冑を着けて居館に立て籠もり、さらに隆房に詰問使を送るなどしたことから、義隆と隆房の仲は最悪の事態を迎えることとなった。
English: In 1551, Taketo was afraid of being blamed for this series of troubles by Yoshitaka, and made a totally unfounded false charge in Taketo SAGARA's declaration that "Shigenori SUGI made a false charge about the rebellion of Takafusa SUE but it was not accepted. So he told that the false charge was made by me and changed the side to Takafusa who was originally opposed to".
Japanese: 天文20年（1551年）、武任はこのような一連の騒動で義隆から責任を追及されることを恐れて、相良武任申状において、「杉重矩は陶隆房の謀反を讒訴したが受け入れられなかったので、讒訴を自分がしたことにして、対立していたはずの隆房に寝返った」という根も葉もない讒訴を行なった。
English: Briefly, Takafusa planned to rise in rebellion, and Taketo shifted blame of that confrontation to Shigenori SUGI alone.
Japanese: つまり、隆房が謀反を起こそうとしており、その対立の責任を杉重矩ひとりに押し付けようとしたのである。
English: On August 10, 1551, Taketo SAGARA ran away again from the Ouchi family to escape to Chikuzen by fear for Takafusa.
Japanese: 天文20年（1551年）8月10日、相良武任は隆房を恐れて、再び大内家から出奔して筑前に逃走する。
English: At that time, even Shigenori SUGI who ordinary had a bad relationship with Takafusa and rather supportive to Yoshitaka, cooperated with Takafusa's rebellion because he was falsely charged by Taketo SAGARA's declaration.
Japanese: このとき、普段から隆房と仲が悪く、どちらかというと義隆擁護派だった杉重矩でさえも、相良武任申状で讒訴されていたことから、隆房の謀反に協力した。
English: Agaist this, Yoshitaka did not gain many allies but Yoshitaka's close associate, Takatoyo REIZEI, with millitary power of only 2000 soldiers.
Japanese: これに対して、義隆に味方したのは側近の冷泉隆豊くらいであり、兵力も2000人ほどしか集らなかった。
English: This was because Yoshitaka who lost interest in government affairs left military affairs to Shugodai (deputy military governors), which enhanced collusion between them and local lords at their duty stations and military forces of Shugodai.
Japanese: これは政務への関心を失った義隆が守護代に軍事を一任したため、彼らと任地における国人の癒着を強めさせ、かえって守護代の軍事力を増強させていたからである。
English: Thus, Yoshitaka who could scarcely made not systematic resistance, gave up Yamaguchi and escaped to Nagato Province on August 29.
Japanese: このため、組織的な抵抗もほとんどできなかった義隆は、8月29日に山口を放棄して長門国に逃亡する。
English: Yoshitaka tried to get out by sea route relaying on his relative, Masayori YOSHIMI in Iwami Province, but failed due to rainstorm, and killed himself at Dainei-ji Temple in Nagatofukawa on September 1.
Japanese: そして海路から縁戚に当たる石見国の吉見正頼を頼って脱出しようとしたが、暴風雨のために逃れることができず、9月1日に義隆は長門深川の大寧寺で自害した。
English: Then, Yoshitaka group such as Taketo SAGARA and Okitsura SUGI were attacked and killed in Chikuzen by Fusatada NOGAMI's forces dispatched by Takafusa, and the court nobles including Kinyori SANJO (father of the lawful wife of Shingen TAKEDA, Sanjou-no-kata) who left Kyoto relying on Yoshitaka were also murdered.
Japanese: そして相良武任や杉興連ら義隆派は筑前で隆房が送り出した野上房忠の軍勢によって攻め殺され、義隆を頼って京より下向していた三条公頼（武田信玄正室・三条の方の父）らの公家も殺害された。
English: After Yoshitaka's death, Takafusa concluded a secret treaty with Yoshishige OTOMO of Bungo Province just before rise in rebellion to adopt Yoshishige's younger paternal brother, Haruhide OTOMO (his real mother was Yoshioki OUCHI's daughter and Yoshitaka's sister) in return for transfer of interests in the territory of Ouchi Family in northern Kyushu.
Japanese: 義隆の死後、隆房は謀反を起こす直前に豊後国の大友義鎮と密約を結んでおり、北九州における大内領の利権を割譲する代わりに、義鎮の異母弟・大友晴英（生母が大内義興の娘で、義隆の姉妹）を貰い受けた。
English: He adopted this Haruhide as the new family head of the Ouchi family to succeed the family headship and assigned Haruhide the new name Yoshinaga OUCHI.
Japanese: この晴英を、新たな大内家当主に迎えて家督を継がせると、そして晴英を大内義長と改名させた。
English: In addition, he also changed his name from Takafusa to Harukata as the proof to declare his loyalty to new lord, Haruhide (Yoshinaga).
Japanese: そして自らも新たな主君・晴英（義長）へ忠誠を誓う証として、隆房から晴賢と改名。
English: However, since the new government of Yoshinaga-Harukata alliance which tried to enhance the military forces while denying the civilian Yoshitaka government increased slave labor to local lords and territorial lords under the rule of the Ouchi family, and it was rather resisted and experienced unsteadiness in ruling territory.
Japanese: しかし、文治的だった義隆政権を否定して軍事力強化に走った義長・晴賢連合の新政権は、大内家支配下にあった国人や諸大名への賦役を増大させたために、かえって反発を受けるなど領国統治に不安を抱えていた。
English: In addition, Shigenori SUGI who was cooperative at the uprising and Harukata who were originally in bad relation opposed again, and even the inner circle of government was volatile.
Japanese: その上、蜂起の際は協力的であった杉重矩が、本来は不仲であった晴賢と再び対立するなどして、その政権中枢ですら不安定なものであった。
English: In 1554, the husband of Yoshitaka's elder sister, Masayori YOSHIMI openly led a rebellion and raised the army against Harukata.
Japanese: 天文23年（1554年）には義隆の姉婿であった吉見正頼が晴賢に対して公然と反旗を翻し挙兵。
English: Moreover, along with this Masayori, there were many local lords and territorial lords who defected from the Ouchi family (new government of Yoshinaga-Harukata alliance) like Motonari MORI.
Japanese: 更には毛利元就のように、この正頼と同調して大内家（義長・晴賢連合の新政権）から離反する国人・大名が相次いだ。
English: After Harukata was defeated by Motonathe in the Battle of Itsukushima in the next year 1555 and killed himself, the Ouchi family which lost the pillar declined at a stretch.
Japanese: 翌24年（1555年）の厳島の戦いで晴賢が元就に敗れて自害すると、大黒柱を失った大内家は一気に衰退。
English: Conflict within vassals of the Ouchi family emerged, but the family head Yoshinaga who was adopted from the Otomo clan was incapable of controlling this internal conflict.
Japanese: 大内家臣団の内部対立が表面化するも、大友氏からの養子当主である義長にはこの内部抗争を抑える力が無かった。
English: Eventually, he was invaded by the Mori clan and killed himself in 1557, and the Ouchi family was demolished in less than 6 years after Yoshitaka's death.
Japanese: やがて、毛利氏の侵攻を受けて弘治3年（1557年）に自害し、大内家は義隆の死から6年足らずで滅ぶこととなった。
English: Choji-ya (丁子屋) is one of the oldest yago (trade name), which is confirmed to have already existed in the Edo period.
Japanese: 丁子屋（ちょうじや）は、江戸時代にはすでに存在が確認されている、日本の古くからの屋号（商号）のひとつ。
English: This trade name derived from choji (a clove tree), and it was used by shoka (mercantile house) whose kamon (family crest) contained a design of cloves.
Japanese: 丁子に由来する商号で、丁子の絵柄が含まれる家紋を持つ商家が名乗った。
English: Additionally, there were cases that merchants whose business were related to choji (clove oil, perfume, and herbal medicines) used the yago.
Japanese: また、丁子に関する商売を行う者が屋号として使うケースもあった（丁子油・香料・漢方薬など）。
English: The usage of the yago of choji-ya has also spread to trades related to plants (indigo-dyeing shops).
Japanese: そこから広がって、植物に関係する職業（藍染屋）などでも、丁子屋の屋号は使われている。
English: Clove oil was used to take care of Japanese swords and its perfumes and herbal medicines were also not cheap during the Edo period.
Japanese: 丁子油は日本刀の手入れなどに使われるものであり、香料・漢方薬なども江戸時代には決して安いものではなかった。
English: As a result, although there were a lot of shoka under the name of choji-ya, many of them had a certain level of business capital.
Japanese: 丁子屋を名乗る店は数多く存在したが、そういった事情である程度以上の商業資本家としての商家だったものも多い。
English: Kokumin Domeikai is the political society organized in the Meiji period, in September, 1900.
Japanese: 国民同盟会（こくみんどうめいかい）は、明治時代の1900年9月に成立した政治団体。
English: Led by Chairman Atsumaro KONOE and his group, 'Toa-dobunkai (an association of Pan-Asianism)', members of the House of Peers, members of the House of Representatives belonging to right-wing parties such as Kenseihonto or Teikokuto having a strong foreign policy, rightist like Mitsuru TOYAMA joined forces to found the society.
Japanese: 貴族院議長近衛篤麿の東亜同文会を中心として貴族院議員や憲政本党・帝国党などの衆議院議員、頭山満に代表される右翼のような対外硬派の人々が結集した。
English: The society pressed the government to take forceful measures sensing a danger from Russia which expanded into Manchuria after the Boxer Rebellion.
Japanese: 北清事変以後のロシア帝国の満洲進出に警戒感を抱き、日本政府に対して強硬策を取るように迫った。
English: The society, however, dissolved in April, 1902, after successful negotiations led to the return of Manchuria to China and the Anglo-Japanese Alliance was formed, which calmed down the sense of danger among the public.
Japanese: だが、清露間で満洲還付の交渉が成立し、日英同盟が結ばれたことによって世論の危機感が一時的に沈静化したため、1902年4月に解散した。
English: Later, however, Russia failed to withdraw from Manchuria and KONOE and his group formed a new organization called 'Tairodoshikai (Comrades against Russia)'.
Japanese: だが、その後ロシア軍の満洲撤退が行われなかったことから、近衛を中心に対露同志会が結成されることになる。
English: The Rito party was a political party that supported the Meiji government at an early Imperial Diet during the mid-Meiji period.
Japanese: 吏党（りとう）とは、明治時代中期の初期帝国議会における明治政府寄りの姿勢を示した政党のこと。
English: The term was originally a derogatory term used by the Minto party who supported the Movement for Liberty and People's Rights, and at the time they, and the media, called themselves "Onwaha."
Japanese: ただし、本来は自由民権運動を継承する民党側からの蔑称であり、政府・マスコミ及び当事者達は温和派（おんわは）と呼称していた。
English: In time with the opening of the Imperial Diet, a movement to the Daido assembly happened among the old minor parties supporting the Jiyu Minken Undo on the sidelines of opening of the Imperial Diet, the conservative councilors who opposed the movement assembled in a move to counteract them.
Japanese: 帝国議会の開設に合わせて、旧自由民権運動諸派の間で大同団結運動が発生すると、同運動に反対する保守的な議員達もこれに対抗するために結集を果たすようになる。
English: They were not entirely pro-government from the start (for example, they stood with the Minto party against the government's suppression of free speech) but they ultimately sided with the government as they held many of the same sentiments, especially in their opposition of the Jiyu Minken Undo and the Daido Ketsudan Undo.
Japanese: 彼らは直ちに親政府という訳ではなかった（例えば、政府の言論弾圧に対しては民党と協調して反対している）が、自由民権運動・大同団結運動に対して対峙するという立場では共通しており、結果論として政府と協調する路線を選ぶことになった。
English: In response, the Rikken Jiyuto (Constitutional Liberal Party) and the Rikken Kaishinto (Constitutional Progressive Party, who handled the Jiyu Minken Undo, began calling them the 'Rito' in disapproval (Shusui KOTOKU pointed at Chomin NAKAE as being the person to coin the phrase.)
Japanese: これに対して自由民権運動の担い手であった立憲自由党・立憲改進党側は彼らを非難する意味を込めて「吏党」と呼んだのが始まりとされている（なお、幸徳秋水はこの言葉を用いた最初の人物は中江兆民であるとする説を唱えている）。
English: Although the Taiseikai party was dissolved shortly after, it was later taken over by the Chuo kosho-bu (Central Negotiating Section), and Tomofusa SASSA set up the Kokumin Kyokai (National Union Party in Japan) appointing Yajiro SHINAGAWA as a leader in 1892, thereby completing the framework of the the Rito party core.
Japanese: 大成会は程無く解散したものの、その後中央交渉部に引き継がれ、更に1892年に佐々友房が品川弥二郎を盟主として国民協会_(日本)を結成することによって同党を中心とする吏党の枠組みが完成した。
English: However, their relationship with the government gradually soured as the Kokumin Kyokai had the highest percentage of nationalists, and especially during the Second Ito Cabinet, the Kokumin Kyokai conversely organized the Koroppa (hard-line six parties) cooperating with the Rikken Kaishinto by accusing the Cabinet of forwarding the revision of a treaty while the Jiyuto (Liberal Party of Japan), the hard core of the Minto party, approached the government and took concerted action, and thus the Rito party and Minto party were no long entirely 'pro-government' or 'anti-government'.
Japanese: ところが、国民協会の中で国粋主義者の占める割合が強くなると、次第に政府との関係は悪化し、特に第2次伊藤内閣期に入ると、民党の中核であった自由党_(日本)が政府と接近して共同歩調を取る一方で、逆に国民協会が同内閣が進める条約改正を批判して立憲改進党と共同して硬六派を組織するなど、吏党・民党がそれぞれ「親政府」・「反政府」を意味するものではなくなっていった。
English: Eventually the term 'Yoto)the ruling party)' and the 'Yato (opposition party)' were used in their stead.
Japanese: そのため、次第にこれに代わって「与党」・「野党」という言葉が用いられるようになっていく。
English: When the Kokumin Kyokai turned over to Teikokuto (Imperialist party), some members broke off from the group and and formed the Seiyukai (Association of Friends of Constitutional Government) together with the Kenseito (Constitutional Party), which was the incoming party of the Jiyuto, and the Hanbatsu Kanryo (domain government officials, a political party of Hirobumi ITO), and soon the political layout was mostly the Seiyukai against their opponents, that the terms 'Rito' and 'Minto' eventually lost their original meaning..
Japanese: 特に国民協会が帝国党に衣替えした際に、一部が分裂してこれに従わずに自由党の後継政党である憲政党や藩閥官僚（伊藤博文系）とともに立憲政友会を結成したことによって、政友会とその反対党という構図へと変化を見せ、「吏党」・「民党」という言葉は完全に意味を成さないものになっていった。
English: Before long, each opposing parties of the Seiyukai started to gather in the Rikken Doshikai (Association of Believers of Constitutional Government) transcending the framework, while some also joined the Kenseikai, and the words, the 'Rito' and the 'Minto' were a thing of the past.
Japanese: やがて、反政友会各党も枠組みを越えて立憲同志会、更に憲政会に結集されていくことになり、「吏党」・「民党」という言葉は完全に過去のものとなったのである。
English: The Ko Roppa (the hard-line six parties) was a pro-nationalistic federation of six political parties that advocated a strong foreign policy in 1890s.
Japanese: 硬六派（こうろっぱ）とは、1890年代に対外強硬論を唱えていた対外硬路線を掲げる国家主義・国粋主義的な6党派の連合のこと。
English: Nationalists were critical of the idea of the Meiji Government promoting step-by-step revisions to the treaties.
Japanese: 国粋主義者たちは、明治政府が推進する漸進的な条約改正路線を批判していた。
English: They developed a strong partnership as they led the opposition movement against the government's policy of allowing non-Japanese to live anywhere in Japan, and Iwane ABEI, Tomofusa SASSA, Tomotsune KOMUCHI and some other activists formed the Dai Nihon Kyokai (Great Japan Association) in 1893.
Japanese: 彼らは内地雑居への反対運動を通じて次第に連携を強め、1893年に安部井磐根・佐々友房・神鞭知常らによって大日本協会を結成した。
English: They insisted that the allied western powers abolish the unequal treaties immediately, otherwise Japan would abide by the basic principles, stated in the Ansei Treaties, to prohibit foreign residents from living outside foreign settlements and to restrict trading activities.
Japanese: 彼らは欧米列強が直ちに不平等条約を破棄しなとしたいならば、日本も安政条約の原則通りに外国人に対して外国人居留地以外の居住を認めず貿易を統制するとした。
English: They advocated that Japan should urge the western powers that either those countries accept new equal treaties or Japan would break off diplomatic relations.
Japanese: そして、平等条約の締結か外交関係の断絶のいずれかを迫るべきであるとした「条約励行」を唱えた。
English: The Dai Nihon Kyokai was a nonpartisan organization consisting of members from different political parties, including representatives such as Sassa, who also belonged to the Kokumin Kyokai (National Association), and some councilors belonging exclusively to the Dai Nihon Kyokai.
Japanese: 大日本協会は超党派の団体であり、佐々のように国民協会_(日本)に所属したまま、大日本協会に属している代議士や大日本協会専属の議員など、所属形態は多様であった。
English: The Toyo Jiyuto (Oriental Liberal Party), the Domei Club (Alliance Club), the Rikken Kaishinto (Constitutional Progressive Party), the Kokumin Kyokai, and the Policy Affairs Research Council of the five parties of the Meiji period, promised to bond together to fight in response to the Dai Nihon Kyokai's campaign, chanting slogans such as "protesting the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation" and "wage a early war against Qing."
Japanese: 大日本協会の動きに対して東洋自由党・同盟倶楽部・立憲改進党・国民協会・政務調査会_(明治時代の政党)の5党派がこれに呼応して、「日英通商航海条約締結の反対」・「清国への早期開戦」を掲げて共闘を約した。
English: These five parties and a group of councilors who belonged exclusively to the Dai Nihon Kyokai were regarded as the "Taigai Ko Roppa" (six hard-line foreign policies faction) or the "Ko Roppa" for short.
Japanese: この5党派と大日本協会専属議員を1会派と看做した併せて6つの党派を対外硬六派、略して硬六派と呼んだのである。
English: There were conflicts between the "Minto" (People's Party) representing the Jiyuto (Liberal Party) in Meiji period and the Rikken Kaishinto supporting the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, and the "Rito" (Bureaucrats' Party) representing the Kokumin Kyokai after the constitution of the Imperial Diet opposed it.
Japanese: 帝国議会設置以来、衆議院では、自由党_(明治)・立憲改進党に代表される自由民権運動を継承する民党とこれに反対する国民協会に代表される温和派（吏党）が対立を続けてきた。
English: The second Ito cabinet became wary of the situation with the signing of the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation near at hand, and the Liberal Party, which was the first party of the House of Representatives, strengthened the opposition from supporting the government's idea of step-by-step revisions to the treaty.
Japanese: これに対して日英通商航海条約の締結を間近に控えた第2次伊藤内閣は警戒感を強め、また衆議院第1党の自由党も条約改正に関しては政府の漸進主義に賛同していたために反発を強めた。
English: As the Ito cabinet and the Liberal Party disagreed over land tax cuts and government reform issues, three-cornered confrontation among the Ito cabinet, the Jiyuto, and the Ko Roppa formed within the politics.
Japanese: 地租軽減問題や行政整理では伊藤内閣と自由党も対立関係にあったことから、政局は伊藤内閣・自由党・硬六派による三つ巴の対立構図が形成された。
English: The second Ito cabinet dissolved the House of Representatives and ordered the Dai Nihon Kyokai to disband in 1893, citing the fact that some of its members attacked people from other countries.
Japanese: 1893年、第2次伊藤内閣は衆議院解散を行って大日本協会会員が外国人を襲撃したことを理由に解散を命じた。
English: However, the Ko Roppa tabled a no-confidence motion to be reported to the Emperor after the third general election for the House of Representatives, which resulted in the Diet having to dissolve itself in 1894.
Japanese: だが、硬六派が第3回衆議院議員総選挙後に内閣不信任上奏案を提出したため、翌1894年に再度解散に踏み切った。
English: Although both the Liberal Party and the Ko Roppa declared a truce with the government, public support for the Ko Roppa increased.
Japanese: 自由党・硬六派ともに政府との政治休戦を宣言したが、硬六派に対する世論の支持が広がった。
English: An extensive reorganization of the government was carried out after the election, including the Ote Club established by nonpartisans.
Japanese: 同選挙後には無所属議員による大手倶楽部の結成などにより政界再編成が進んだ。
English: Thus, the new Ko Roppa was formed by six parties consisting of the Rikken Kaishinto, the Kokumin Kyokai, the Rikken Kakushinto (Constitutional Reform Party), the Chugoku Shinpoto (Western Region of Japan Progressive Party), the Conference of Reform of Imperial Financial Affairs, and the Ote Club.
Japanese: それにより、立憲改進党・国民協会・立憲革新党・中国進歩党・帝国財政革新会・大手倶楽部の6党派による新たな硬六派が形成されることになった。
English: The Ko Roppa showed a cooperative attitude toward the government during the Sino-Japanese War, but the party started to take action to overthrow the government after the war while criticizing it for accepting the Triple Intervention (a diplomatic intervention by Russia, Germany and France).
Japanese: 硬六派は日清戦争中は政府に協力的な姿勢を示したが、三国干渉を政府が受け入れた事を非難し、戦後は倒閣への動きを見せ始める。
English: Five parties of the Ko Roppa, except the Kokumin Kyokai, joined forces to form the Shinpoto (Progressive Party) (in Meiji Period) in 1896.
Japanese: 1896年に国民協会を除く5党派は合同して進歩党_(明治)となった。
English: The Kokumin Kyokai sought to realize the "tripartite factions" in the Diet by remaining to be a third party, but the association ended up dissolving itself in 1899 as it failed to extend the political power.
Japanese: 第3党路線を採って「三党鼎立」を目指すが、党勢不振により1899年に解党した。
English: Minto is the general term of the political parties such as the Liberal Party (in the Meiji period) and the Constitutional Progressive Party and so on which promoted the Movement for Democratic Rights in the Meiji Period.
Japanese: 民党（みんとう）とは、明治時代の自由民権運動を推進してきた自由党_(明治)・立憲改進党などの民権派各党の総称。
English: It was used mainly between the establishment of the Imperial Diet and the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, but was used to the Taisho period with the meaning of "the Parties of the People's Representatives" afterwards.
Japanese: 主に帝国議会開設から日清戦争にかけて使われてきたが、その後も「民衆代表政党」の意味を込めて大正期まで使われてきた。