nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: As a buke denso, he endeavored to integrate the Imperial court and the bakufu and his power was so strong that it was described as 'peerless predominance' but at the same time he was berated as a 'crooked villain' because the bakufu forced him to compromise.
Japanese: 武家伝奏として朝廷と幕府の融和に努め、「出頭無双」といわれその権勢は大きかったが、幕府に譲歩も強いられ「奸佞の残賊」と罵られる存在でもあったという。
English: TAIRA no Nobumoto (1137?-date of death unknown) was a retainer of Imperial Court at the end of Heian period.
Japanese: 平信基（たいらののぶもと、保延3年（1137年）？-没年未詳）は、平安時代末期の廷臣。
English: According to the March 18, 1158 part of "Heihanki" (The Diary of TAIRA no Nobunori), 'shinshi' (Daigaku student who passed a subject of the official appointment test) and 'Koto' (the third title of the official ranks within the Todo-za (the traditional guild for the blind)) who greeted the groom at the wedding of a daughter (the wife of FUJIWARA no Naganori ?) were supposedly the brothers-uterine, Nobumoto and TAIRA no Nobusue, thus shinshi is considered to have been Kidendo (the study of the histories).
Japanese: 『兵範記』保元3年2月9日条に信範の娘（藤原脩範室か？）の婚礼の際に婿を迎えた「進士」「勾当」が同母兄弟である信基・平信季兄弟と推定されており、進士＝紀伝道であったと見られている。
English: It became clear by February 25, 1163 part of "Sankaiki" (The Diary of Tadachika NAKAYAMA) that he was in Hyobusho (ministry of military) in 1163.
Japanese: 応保3年（1163年）に兵部省であったことが『山槐記』同年1月14日条から判明している。
English: He had a rise as a member of the Taira family because he was a cousin of TAIRA no Tokiko who was legal wife of TAIRA no Kiyomori.
Japanese: 平清盛の正妻である平時子と従兄弟であったことから、平家一門の一員として立身。
English: After his assumption of office as inhogandai (office work position) in 1168, he played an active part as In no Kinshin (the Retired Emperor's courtier) of Emperor Goshirakawa, successively filled the posts of Emonfu (Headquarters of the Outer Palace Guards), Meryo (the section taking care of imperial horses), Shurishiki (Office of Palace Repairs) and in 1183, became Kura no kami (Chief of Kuraryo, Bureau of Palace Storehouses), but along with the exile of the Taira clan by MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka's entrance into Kyoto in 1183, went down to the Saikai (provinces on the western seacoast).
Japanese: また、仁安(日本)3年（1168年）の院判官代就任以後は後白河天皇の院近臣としても活躍し、衛門府、馬寮、修理職を歴任し、寿永2年（1183年）に内蔵頭に至るが、同年源義仲の上京を受けた一門都落ちに随い、西海へ下向した。
English: At that time, he repeatedly persuaded Sessho (regent) Motomichi KONOE whose concubine was his sister to act together with the Taira family, but ended up having to give up and is thought to have followed the clan alone.
Japanese: この時、姉妹が側室となっていた摂政・近衛基通に対して平家と行動をともにするよう再三の説得を試みるが、最終的に断念し独り一門の後を追ったとされる。
English: He was made captive in the Battle of Dannoura in 1185, when the Taira clan was wiped out, and taken away to the capital.
Japanese: 一門が壊滅した元暦2年1185年の壇ノ浦の戦いにおいて捕虜となり、都へと連行される。
English: TAIRA no Munemori, TAIRA no Tokitada and others who were likewise made captive were dragged through the Miyako-oji Street, but allegedly Nobumoto barely got off with the humiliation due to his injury in the battle.
Japanese: この際同じく捕虜となった平宗盛、平時忠らが都大路を引き廻されたのに対し、信基は合戦で負傷していたために辛うじてこの屈辱を免れたという。
English: In 1189, he was pardoned and came back to Kyoto, but afterward, shut himself up in his house without getting any official rank.
Japanese: 文治5年（1189年）には赦免されて帰京するが、その後は任官せず蟄居生活を送った。
English: He adopted his younger brother's son, TAIRA no Chikasuke to succeed him and his descendants, in after ages, prospered being separated into several families like the Nishinotoin family, the Hiramatsu family and the Katano family.
Japanese: 弟の信季の子平親輔を養子として後を継がせたが、その子孫は後世において西洞院家、平松家、交野家など数家に分かれて繁栄した。
English: TAIRA no Nobunori (1112 - March 30, 1187) was a court noble in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 平信範（たいらののぶのり、天永3年（1112年）-文治3年2月12日(旧暦)（1187年3月23日））は、平安時代末期の公卿。
English: In 1121, he held a post in Kidendo (the study of the histories), after which he held the posts of Kurodo (Chamberlain), Shurishiki (Office of Palace Repairs), Hyoe-fu (Headquarters of the Middle Palace Guards), Emonfu (Headquarters of the Outer Palace Guards), and Kai Province.
Japanese: 保安(元号)2年（1121年）に紀伝道となり、以後、蔵人、修理職、兵衛府、衛門府、甲斐国などを歴任する。
English: He also served as Keishi (household superintendent) of the Sekke (line of regents and advisers) (the Konoe family) over four generations, from FUJIWARA no Tadazane to Motomichi KONOE.
Japanese: また、摂家（近衛家）の家司として藤原忠実から近衛基通の4代にわたって仕えた。
English: Particularly, Nobunori gained strong confidence from FUJIWARA no Tadamichi, and thus Nobunori's wife served Tadamichi's eldest son, Motozane KONOE, as a wet nurse (according to "Sankaiki" (Tadachika NAKAYAMA's diary), the section of June 10 in the third year of Jisho era).
Japanese: 特に藤原忠通からの信任が厚く、嫡男近衛基実の乳母を信範の正室が務めた（『山槐記』治承3年6月10日条注記）。
English: Further, when Motozane was awarded the rank of Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) to set up the office of Mandokoro (Administrative Board), Nobunori was the only keishi and thus he automatically served concurrently as Mandokoro betto (Director of the Administrative Board).
Japanese: また基実が従三位に任ぜられて政所を設置した際の唯一の家司は信範であり、自動的に政所別当を兼ねた。
English: Because of this, he was oppressed by FUJIWARA no Yorinaga, who held the title of Sadaijin (minister of the left), and was removed as azukaridokoro (a deputy of "Shoen" manor lord) in the manor of sekke where Nobunori was designated (because Yorinaga was Toshi choja (head of the Fujiwara clan) on this occasion).
Japanese: このため、左大臣藤原頼長から圧迫を受け、信範が任じられていた摂家の荘園の預所を解任されている（当時、頼長が藤氏長者であったため）。
English: After the Hogen War, he also served concurrently as Mandokoro betto for Tadamichi to assist him after becoming Toshi choja again.
Japanese: 保元の乱後には忠通の政所別当も兼務して、藤氏長者に復帰した忠通の補佐をしている。
English: In 1158 when he held the rank of Shogoinoge (Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) and the office of shonagon (lesser councilor of state), there was an incident where FUJIWARA no Nobuyori cut across in front of Tadamichi, who was then a chief adviser to the Emperor; low ranked people serving Tadamichi destroyed Nobuyori's car for his discourtesy.
Japanese: 正五位下・少納言の官にあった保元3年（1158年）、関白であった忠通の前を横切った藤原信頼がその非礼によって忠通の下人に車を破壊されるという事件が起こった。
English: As Nobuyori appealed to Emperor Goshirakawa, the Emperor expelled Nobunori, who was then keishi for Tadamichi, and FUJIWARA no Kunitsuna from the register and placed them on effective probation.
Japanese: 信頼の訴えを受けた後白河天皇は、忠通の家司であった信範と藤原邦綱の両名を除籍、謹慎処分としている。
English: After that, he was appointed as Kurodo (Chamberlain) again in 1160 and rose to the rank of Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) and the office of Kurodo no to (chief of the palace officer) Benkan (secretary) in 1168; however, in the following year (1169), there was an incident where FUJIWARA no Narichika, who held the title of In no Kinshin (the retired Emperor's courtier), was exiled due to the direct petition by monks residing in Enryaku-ji Temple (Kao no goso (the direct petition to condemn Fujiwara no Narichika to exile by the monks residing at Enryaku-ji Temple)).
Japanese: その後、永暦元年（1160年）に再度蔵人に任じ、仁安(日本)3年（1168年）には正四位下蔵人頭弁官に進むが、翌嘉応元年（1169年）、延暦寺大衆の強訴によって院近臣の藤原成親が配流される事件が勃発する（嘉応の強訴）。
English: As Nobunori was dealing with this incident, he and his nephew TAIRA no Tokitada were brought to the attention of the Cloistered Emperor who wanted them removed from office with the charge that their "report to the throne included falsehoods" and unfortunately exiled them to Bingo Province.
Japanese: この事件に対処していた信範は、甥の平時忠ともども法皇から責任を問われることとなり、「奏事不実（奏上に事実でない点があった）」の罪により解官の上、備後国へ配流されるという憂き目を見ている。
English: In the following year (1170), however, he was summoned and returned to his original rank and became a court noble in 1171 with the rank of Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank).
Japanese: しかし翌2年（1170年）には召還され本位に復し、3年（1171年）に従三位となって公卿に列する。
English: He rose to title of Hyobusho (ministry of military) in 1173, and to the rank of Shosanmi (Senior Third Rank) in 1176, which were his highest attained title and rank; in 1177, he became a priest.
Japanese: 承安(日本)3年（1173年）兵部省、安元2年（1176年）正三位と進み、これを極位極官として翌3年（1177年）に出家。
English: After that, the life of his son TAIRA no Nobumoto and nephew Tokitada was full of ups and downs such that they escaped to the west with the Taira family in the Jisho-Juei War; being defeated in the war, they were captured and exiled.
Japanese: その後、子の平信基や甥の時忠は治承・寿永の乱の中で平家一門とともに西走、敗戦の末捕えられ配流されるという波乱の生涯を送っている。
English: He also made his son TAIRA no Nobusue serve Kanezane KUJO, who was Motomichi's uncle, to act as a mediator between Kanezane and Motomichi.
Japanese: 基通の叔父である九条兼実に息子・平信季を仕えさせて兼実と基通の橋渡し役をさせている。
English: Kanezane described in his diary "Gyokuyo" an article about the friendship between Nobunori and Kanezane (in the sections of the end of May in the first year of the Joan era and December 15 and 16 in the third year of the Jisho era, etc.).
Japanese: 兼実の日記『玉葉』には信範と兼実の親交の記事が登場する（承安元年5月末日・治承3年12月15・16日条他）。
English: His diary called "Heihanki" is famous as the top historical document clearly recording political conditions and rituals of the imperial court in the late Heian period.
Japanese: その日記『兵範記』は、平安末期の政情や朝廷の儀典を克明に記録した第一級の史料として名高い。
English: His descendants became prosperous in several families including the Nishinotoin family, the Hiramatsu family, and the Katano family.
Japanese: また、子孫は後世、西洞院家、平松家、交野家など数家に分かれて、それぞれ繁栄している。
English: (His wife, the daughter of FUJIWARA no Yoshitada, died on May 10 (died at the age of 57 according to "Heihanki"))
Japanese: （5月10日正室である藤原能忠の娘が死去（正室57歳、『兵範記』））
English: Iga no Tsubone (birth date unknown - December 4, 1384) was a lady referred to as a brave woman during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
Japanese: 伊賀局（いがのつぼね、生年不詳-元中元年/至徳(日本)元年10月13日(旧暦)（1384年11月26日））は、南北朝時代(日本)の勇女とされる女性。
English: There were only a few followers that remained when Shintaikenmon-in fell under the siege of KO no Moronao of Ashikaga forces in Yoshino, and Iga no Tsubone split the huge tree with her monstrous strength to make a bridge across Yoshino River when no one could go across with only half a bridge, and allowed everyone to go across safely.
Japanese: 足利勢の高師直に襲われ新待賢門院が吉野を落ちた時、従う者はわずか数人で、途中、吉野川にかかる橋が半ば絶たれ、渡ることができなかったが、伊賀局は怪力をもって巨木を折り、吉野川に架け、無事通過することができた。
English: Tango no Naishi (year of birth and death unknown) was a woman who lived from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 丹後内侍（たんごのないし、生没年未詳）は、平安時代末期、鎌倉時代初期の女性。
English: According to "the family tree of the Yoshimi clan," when she served the Emperor Nijo in Kyoto as nyobo (a court lady), she formed a liaison with KOREMUNE no Hirokoto and gave birth to Tadahisa SHIMAZU, then went to the Kanto region after getting divorced and married Morinaga ADACHI.
Japanese: 『吉見系図』によると、京の二条天皇に女房として仕えており、惟宗広言と密かに通じて島津忠久を生み、離縁したのち関東へ下って安達盛長に嫁いだとしている。
English: Morinaga had been a close adviser to Yoritomo from the period of his exile and it seems that he began to serve Yoritomo because of his wife's relationship.
Japanese: 盛長は頼朝の流人時代からの側近であり、妻の縁で頼朝に仕えたと見られる。
English: According to "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East), she served as a waiter at the obi-wearing ceremony to pray for the safe delivery of the baby on April 20, 1182 when Masako HOJO, a wife of Yoritomo, was pregnant with MINAMOTO no Yoriie, their first son.
Japanese: 『吾妻鏡』によると養和2年（1182年）3月9日、頼朝の妻、北条政子が嫡男・源頼家を懐妊した際、着帯の儀式で食事の給仕を務める。
English: On July 5, 1186, when Tango no Naishi was sick in bed, Yoritomo visited her secretly in the residence of Morinaga only with two followers.
Japanese: 文治2年（1186年）6月10日、丹後内侍が病になると、頼朝は供2人だけを伴い、盛長の屋敷を密かに訪れて見舞っている。
English: It is said that Yoritomo prayed for her and felt relieved when Tango no Naishi recovered a few days later.
Japanese: 頼朝は彼女の為に願掛けをし、数日後に丹後内侍が回復するといくらか安堵したという。
English: Thus, since she was familiar with Yoritomo, there are two theories of Rakuin (child born out of wedlock) about Yoritomo in later years such as her son Kagemori was the son of Yoritomo ("Horyakukanki" (A History Book of the 14 century in Japan)) and Tadahisa SHIMAZU, the patriarch of the Shimazu clan, identified himself as a son between her and Yoritomo.
Japanese: このように頼朝に近しい女性であった事から、後年子の景盛が頼朝の子であるとする風説が出たり（『保暦間記』）、島津氏が祖の忠久が彼女と頼朝の子であると自称するなど、彼女を母とした二つの頼朝落胤説が見られる。
English: There is no record in the historical sources of that age including "Azuma Kagami" which showed Tango no naishi gave birth to a child of Yoritomo.
Japanese: 『吾妻鏡』をはじめとする当時の史料に丹後内侍が頼朝の子を産んだとする記録はない。
English: FUJIWARA no Sugane (856-November 8, 908) was an aristocrat and scholar of the early Heian Period.
Japanese: 藤原菅根（ふじわらのすがね、斉衡3年（856年）-延喜8年10月7日(旧暦)（908年11月3日）は、平安時代前期の貴族・学者。
English: He became the Togubo jidoku (one who read manuscripts for the Crown Prince) of investiture of the Crown Prince Imperial Prince Atsugimi in 893 with a recommendation from Michizane SUGAWARA and lectured on "Kyokurei," "Rongo Analects," and "History of the Later Han Dynasty" to the crown prince.
Japanese: 寛平5年（893年）の敦仁親王立太子に際して菅原道真の推挙で春宮坊侍読となり、親王に『曲礼』・『論語』・『後漢書』などを講じる。
English: When Crown Prince Atsugimi ascended to throne as Emperor Daigo, he was permitted to undergo shoden (visit the imperial court) and became Shikibu shoyu (Junior Assistant of the Ministry of Ceremonial) in Kageyushi (Board of Discharge Examiners) and Monjo hakase (professor of literature) in 899 to lecture "Shiki" (the Chinese Historical Records) before the emperor.
Japanese: 寛平9年（897年）に敦仁親王が醍醐天皇として即位すると、昇殿を許されて勘解由使兼式部少輔、昌泰2年（899年）には文章博士となり、天皇の御前で『史記』を進講した。
English: He took sides with FUJIWARA no Tokihira and Sadakuni in the Shotai Incident that occurred on February 21, 901 and stopped retired Emperor Uda, who was trying to visit the Imperial Palace in order to demote SUGAWARA no Michizane, just before the Imperial Palace.
Japanese: 昌泰4年1月25日(旧暦)（901年2月16日）に発生した昌泰の変では、藤原時平・藤原定国らに加担して、菅原道真の左遷を諫止するために内裏に参内しようとした宇多上皇を内裏の門前で阻んだ。
English: He took responsibility of stopping the visit of the retired emperor and was temporarily demoted to Dazai no daini (Senior Assistant Governor-General of the Dazai-fu offices) on the following day but was reassigned to his former position and Shikibu shoyu (Junior Assistant of the Ministry of Ceremonial) without being sent off to the Kyushu region, and held the additional post as the Gon Sachuben (Provisional Middle Controller of the left).
Japanese: なお、上皇の参内阻止の責任を取らされて翌日に大宰大弐に一旦左遷させられるが、翌月には九州へ出発することなく前職に復職、更に式部少輔に再任されて権左中弁を兼務している。
English: He was reassigned to be Kurodo no to (Head Chamberlain) after given the rank of Jushinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) in 903 and held the additional position of Shikibu gon no taifu (Provisional Senior Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Ceremonial) and Togu no suke (Assistant Master in the Crown Prince's Quarters) in the following year.
Japanese: 延喜3年（903年）従四位下に叙せられて蔵人頭に再補され更に式部権大輔を兼任、翌年には更に春宮亮を兼ねた。
English: A descendant of Sugane, his son, Motokata, who climbed from monjosho to Dainagon (chief councilor of state) and others did not follow (his great grandson and the grandson of Motokata or FUJIWARA no Yasusuke was famous bandit) but Monjo hakase (professor of literature) was picked from the Southern House of the Fujiwara clan with him as the forerunner.
Japanese: 菅根の子孫は息子・元方が文章生から大納言に昇って以後は振るわなかった（菅根の曾孫・元方の孫の藤原保輔は盗賊として著名）が、彼を先駆者として藤原南家から文章博士が輩出されるようになった。
English: Goichi Takeda (December 15, 1872-February 5, 1938) was born in Bingofukuyama Domain, Bingo Province (current Fukuchiyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture).
Japanese: 武田五一（たけだごいち、明治5年11月15日(旧暦)（1872年12月15日）-1938年(昭和13年)2月5日）は、備後国備後福山藩（現・広島県福山市）生まれ。
English: He was an architect called 'the father of the Kansai Architect World,' and represented modern Japanese architects.
Japanese: 「関西建築界の父」とも言われる日本の建築家で、近代日本を代表する建築家の一人。
English: He was also called an architect who introduced new designs into Japan by being influenced by art nouveau and Vienna division schools during his study abroad.
Japanese: ヨーロッパ留学で影響を受けたアール・ヌーボー、ウィーン分離派など、新しいデザインを日本に紹介した建築家、とも言われる。
English: He established the Faculty of Design course in Kyoto Handicraft High School (current Kyoto Institute of Technology) and the Faculty of Engineering Undergraduate School of Architecture in Kyoto Imperial University (current Kyoto University) and educated many young people.
Japanese: 自身の作品のみならず、京都高等工芸学校（現・京都工芸繊維大学）図案科や京都帝国大学（現・京都大学）に工学部建築学科を創立し多くの後進を育成した。
English: He also communicated with Frank Lloyd Wright and participated in many projects including the construction of the Diet Building.
Japanese: フランク・ロイド・ライトとも親交があり、国会議事堂建設をはじめ多くのプロジェクトに関与している。
English: 1901: He traveled to Europe to study designs (until 1903).
Japanese: 1901年（明治34年）図案研究のためヨーロッパ留学（1903年まで）
English: 1903: He returned to Japan and became a professor of Kyoto Handicraft High School (current Kyoto Institute of Technology).
Japanese: 1903年（明治36年）帰国、京都高等工芸学校（現・京都工芸繊維大学）教授
English: MIYOSHI no Tamenaga (1007-September 14, 1081) was a court noble of the mid-Heian Period.
Japanese: 三善為長（みよしのためなが、寛弘4年（1007年）-永保元年8月3日(旧暦)（1081年9月8日））は、平安時代中期の貴族。
English: He became San hakase in 1039 and was assigned with Daigeki (Senior Secretary) and Shuzeiryo (Bureau of Taxation) before he served as the assistant governor of Mino, Echigo, Echizen, Bizen, and Harima Provinces.
Japanese: 長暦3年（1039年）に算博士となり、後に大外記・主税寮を兼ねた他、美濃国・越後国・越前国・備前国・播磨国の介を兼ねた。
English: From his long year achievements, he was assigned to be the Mondo hakase (examiner) in 1062 despite not being a Kidendo (the study of the history) scholar, and he served the additional position of Awaji Province governor in 1065 ("Jomokushinbunnosho" (Record of inaugurations)).
Japanese: 延久元年（1062年）には、長年の労により紀伝道以外の学者ながら対策の問答博士（試験官）に任じられ、同4年（1065年）には淡路国国司を兼職する（『除目申文之抄』）。
English: Although he had a real son MIYOSHI no Masanaga, who had the ranks of Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) Daigeki (Senior Secretary) and San Hakase, he made his disciple, MIYOSHI no Tameyasu, his heir by adopting him.
Japanese: 実子三善雅仲（従五位下大外記・算博士）がいたものの、算道に通じた門人三善為康を養子に迎えて跡継ぎとした。
English: MIYOSHI no Tameyasu (1049-August 29, 1139) was an aristocrat and Sando-ka (a professional of mathematics) who lived in the latter part of the Heian period.
Japanese: 三善為康（みよしのためやす、永承4年（1049年）-保延5年8月4日(旧暦)（1139年8月29日））は、平安時代後期の貴族・算道家。
English: He had a wide knowledge-base and wrote many books such as "Choya gunsai" (Collected Official and Unofficial Writings) and "Kaichu-reki" and "Shochu-reki" both of which were the origin of "Nichureki" (a dictionary written in the Kamakura period).
Japanese: 博識で『朝野群載』や『二中歴』の元となった『懐中歴』・『掌中歴』など多くの著作を著した。
English: After that, he learned Kidendo (the study of history) at the same time and aimed to pass Shoshi (an examination held by Shikibu-sho for determining whether applicants are employable), but failed several times (Later, he severely criticized the education of Kidendo in Daigaku-ryo (Bureau of Education under the ritsuryo system) for being only a tool for promotion by playing with Chinese poetry in the ending poem of "Shoku-senzimon" (Chinese poetry written by Tameyasu).
Japanese: 後に紀伝道を兼修して省試及第を目指すが落第を重ねた（後年、『続千字文』跋詩の中で大学寮の紀伝道教育が漢詩を弄るだけの昇進のための道具となったと痛烈に批判している）。
English: He believed that the predicted lunar eclipse which was forecasted to occur on December 18, 1117 would not occur, and his idea turned out to be true ("Denryaku" (Diary of FUJIWARA no Tadazane)).
Japanese: 同5年11月16日(旧暦)（1117年）と予報された月食の発生を否定する意見を述べたところ、的中させた（『殿暦』）。
English: On February 3, 1129, when he was 81 years old, he was conferred Shogoinoge (Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade).
Japanese: 大治(日本)4年1月6日(旧暦)（1129年）に81歳にして正五位下に叙せられる。
English: In addition, in the same year when rekido (a professional dealing with calendars) insisted kaireki (changing of calendar) because it was not good to put a leap month on August, he insisted that the opinion of rekido had no reason with Ryusan (隆算) of Suiyodo (a type of astrology).
Japanese: また、同年には暦道が、8月(旧暦)に閏月を置くのは良くないとして退閏（改暦）を唱えた際には、宿曜道の隆算とともに、暦道の主張に根拠がないことを唱えた。
English: In his later years he had a strong believing in Amitabha and in the Tensho era he wrote "Shui Ojo-den" which succeeded "Zoku honcho ojoden" (Sequel to the Accounts of Rebirth into the Pure Land) written by OE no Masafusa and consequently wrote "Zoku Shui Ojo-den" as one of the ways of kanjin (temple solicitation) for Kechien (making a connection with Buddha to rest spirit).
Japanese: 晩年には強い阿弥陀信仰を抱き、天承年間には結縁のための勧進の一環として、大江匡房の『続本朝往生伝』を引き継いだ『拾遺往生伝』を著し、続いて『続拾遺往生伝』を執筆した。
English: He lived long until 91 years old and it is said that when he was dying he continued to pray for Amitabha to surely lead him to gokuraku jodo (the Pure Land (of Amida Buddha)) by kudoku (merit) of Buddhist invocation for a long time and became Ojo-nin (a person who achieved gokuraku ojo (peaceful death)) ("Honcho shinshu Ojo-den" (New collection of hagiographies of those born in the Pure Land)).
Japanese: 91歳の長寿を保ち、亡くなる際には阿弥陀如来に向かって多年の念仏の功徳によって必ず引接を垂れ給わんことを祈請しながら没し、往生人（極楽往生した人）となったとされている（『本朝新修往生伝』）。
English: His representative works were such as "Choya gunsai" (28 volumes), "Kaichu-reki" (10 volumes), and "Shochu-reki" (four volumes).
Japanese: 『朝野群載』（28巻）や『懐中歴』（10巻）・『掌中歴』（4巻）などが代表的なものである。
English: Although "Kaichu-reki" and "Shochu-reki" were scattered and ultimately lost, "Nichureki" which was edited based on these books in the Kamakura period remains.
Japanese: 『懐中歴』・『掌中歴』は散逸したが、鎌倉時代に両書を元にして編纂された『二中歴』が残されている。
English: In addition, he wrote books for children's education such as "Shoku-senjimon" and "Domoshoin" (a dictionary of Chinese characters) and a mathematics book "Sangenkyushiho"(三元九紫法) in which area he was professional, but the latter was scattered and ultimately lost.
Japanese: また児童向として『続千字文』・『童蒙頌韻』などの啓蒙書を執筆、更に本職である数学書『三元九紫法』を著したがこちらは散逸した。
English: In addition, he is well known to have strongly believed in Kannon Bosatsu (Kannon Buddhisattva) from a young age and later Jodo (Pure Land) sect.
Japanese: また、若い頃から観音菩薩、後に浄土教を厚く信仰したことで知られている。
English: He left many books on Buddhism such as "Buppo Kangenki" (仏法感験記), "The engi (origin) of the Rokuharamitsu-ji Temple," "The legend of Eizan Konpon Daishi," "Sezoku Ojo Ketsugi" (世俗往生決疑)(scattered and ultimately lost), and "Kongo-Hannyagenki"(金剛般若験記) (scattered and ultimately lost) as well as the above "Shui Ojo-den" and "Goshui Ojo-den."
Japanese: 仏教関連の著作も多く残しており、前述の『拾遺往生伝』・『後拾遺往生伝』をはじめ、『仏法感験記』・『六波羅蜜寺縁起』・『叡山根本大師伝』・『世俗往生決疑』（散逸）・『金剛般若験記』（散逸）などがある。
English: HARUSUMI no Yoshitada (797 - March 24, 870) was a scholar and a court noble who lived in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 春澄善縄（はるすみのよしただ、延暦16年（797年）-貞観(日本)12年2月19日(旧暦)（870年3月24日）は、平安時代前期の学者・公卿。
English: His grandfather, INABE no Takaramaro, was Shoryo (district manager) of Inabe County, Ise Province, and his father, INABE no Toyoo, was the Juhachiinoge (Junior Eighth Rank, Lower Grade) kokushi (Governor) of Suo Province.
Japanese: 祖父の猪名部財麿は伊勢国員弁郡少領（郡司）、父の猪名部豊雄は従八位下・周防国目(国司)。
English: Although they were not commoners, they were lowest-ranked officials.
Japanese: 白丁（庶民）ではないものの、役人としては最も低い出自の出身であった。
English: Yoshitada was cherished by his grandfather who recognized his grandson's talents, and Yoshitada entered a university dormitory in 816 to become a monjosho student of literary studies at the Imperial University.
Japanese: 善縄の才能に気付いた祖父によって大切に育てられ、弘仁7年（816年）に大学寮に入って文章生となる。
English: At that time, monjoka (later kidendo - historical studies) was one of the rare departments in which lower-ranked officials (called zonin) and young commoners were allowed to enroll.
Japanese: 当時、文章科（後の紀伝道）を学ぶ文章生は、下級役人（雑任）や白丁の子弟が入学を許された数少ない学科であった。
English: However, because aristocrats in monjoka increased their interest in official history and Chinese poetry, on December 23, 820, Daijokanpu (official documents from Daijokan to local governments) stated that the policy was changed and only 'children of good (kugyo) families' could become monjosho.
Japanese: ところが文章科で専攻していた正史・漢詩に対する貴族階層の関心の高揚を背景に弘仁11年11月15日(旧暦)（820年12月23日）の太政官符において、従来の方針を一転して文章生は「良家（公卿）子弟」のみに限定する規定が定められた。
English: In accordance with the document, the conventional monjosho who were commoners or lower-ranked officials were essentially deprived of the right to write taisaku (a type of examination for prospective government officials under the Ritsuryo legal codes) which was regarded as a graduation examination.
Japanese: これに伴って従来の白丁雑任出身の文章生は卒業試験である対策を受ける権利すら事実上剥奪されることとなったのである。
English: During the Tencho era, Harusumi was encouraged his professors, such as MIYAKO no Haraaka, to write a hoshi examination in accordance with Emperor Junna's order.
Japanese: 天長年間に文章博士都腹赤らの奔走により、淳和天皇の勅旨によって奉試を受けた。