nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The origin of the library is believed to be the archives consisting chiefly of old and contemporary Chinese literature that Yakatsugu, in the late part of his life, built in part of his estate as part of its renovation as Ashuku-ji Temple and that was made open to viewing to interested persons.
Japanese: 晩年、自分の邸宅を阿閦寺（あしゅくじ）として改築した際に敷地の一郭に古今の漢籍を中心とした書籍を収蔵し希望者に閲覧を許可したのが始まりとされている。
English: He was impressed particularly by the enthusiasm for learning by a young noble named KAYA no Toyotoshi and reportedly imparted all of his knowledge to the young man (who, in later years, won recognition as an outstanding poet and scholar).
Japanese: その中でも一人の青年貴族賀陽豊年の勉強熱心さには宅嗣も感心して、宅嗣自らがその全知識を豊年に伝授したという話が伝わっている（後年、豊年は優れた詩人・学者として名を残している）。
English: Because of this, some believe the Untei had also functioned as a type of educational facility.
Japanese: このため、一種の教育機関としての側面も有していたとする見解も存在する。
English: In the report of Yakatsugu's death in June 781 found in "Shoku Nihongi" (Chronicle of Japan Continued), a historical document of the early Heian period, description of his accomplishments in life is accompanied by Yakatsugu's own writing on how Untei was established.
Japanese: 平安時代初期の歴史書である『続日本紀』の中にある天応(日本)元年（781年)6月の宅嗣の死亡記事の中において宅嗣の業績とともに芸亭の創設経緯を記した宅嗣の文章が転載されている。
English: If at all, let those who share the faith abandon thoughts of the futile and of oneself, rising above worldly woes and opening the path toward revelation.
Japanese: 庶（こいねがわ）くば、同志を以て入る者は空有に滞ることなく、兼ねて物我を忘れ、異代来たらん者は塵労を超出して覚地に帰せんことを―」
English: There may be differences in degree of innovation or radical change, but (the path) does not differ, so long as guidance is provided with wisdom.
Japanese: 漸新さと急進さの違いはあるにしても、上手く導いていければ（その道は）異なることはない。
English: In order to promote greater understanding of the Buddhist sutras, works on the "outer" beliefs (on Confucianism and other areas) will be stored here as well.
Japanese: 内典（仏教の経典）をより理解しやすくするため、外書（儒教などの他分野の本）も併せて置くことにする。
English: Because this is a temple (for Buddhist training), nothing is to obstruct training in the religion.
Japanese: ここは（仏教の修行のための）寺なので、その修行を妨げることは何事も禁じ戒めるものである。
English: I sincerely wish that those who come here with the same aspirations (faith in Buddhism) will abandon one's own desires (focus on learning and training) without wasting themselves on trivial matters of various thoughts, and those who are to follow will transcend worldly matters and open the path toward revelation.
Japanese: どうか私と同じ志（仏教への信仰）をもってここに来た人達には、（様々な考え方の）空か有か（といった瑣末な事）を論じて（志を）滞らせることなく、自分の欲望を忘れて（学問や修行に励み）、後進の人達には世俗の苦労などを超越して悟りの境地を開いて欲しいと願うものである。
English: These words express Yakatsugu's deep faith in Buddhism and the basic principles of Untei and are followed by a report mentioning the existence of the Untei, proving that it had existed at the time of completion of "Shoku Nihongi" in 797.
Japanese: これによって、宅嗣の仏教に対する深い信仰の念や芸亭の理念が伺えるとともに、続いて芸亭が現存している事を伝える記事が載っており、『続日本紀』が完成した797年当時にはまだ芸亭が存続していた事が分かる。
English: In reality, however, the capital was moved three years after Yakatsugu's death to Nagaoka-kyo and later to Heian-kyo, marking the decline of Heijo-kyo.
Japanese: だが、現実には既に宅嗣の死から3年後に長岡京次いで平安京への遷都が行われ、平城京自体の荒廃が始まっていた。
English: Yakatsugu's death also marked the decline of the Isonokami clan in power, due to the rise of other powerful noble clans including the Fujiwara.
Japanese: また石上氏も宅嗣の死とともに藤原氏などの他の有力貴族に押されて没落していった。
English: Untei is believed to have been abandoned and devastated likewise with these changes in history.
Japanese: 恐らくはこうした時代の流れとともに芸亭も荒廃・消滅の運命を辿ったものと考えられている。
English: In a passage in the 'Shugei Shuchiin-shiki' written when the priest Kukai founded the Shugei Shuchiin school in 829, the 'Nikyo-in' of KIBI no Makibi and Untei-in of ISONOKAMI no Yakatsugu are mentioned as the school's predecessors, with the current state of Untei described as 'having a beginning and unending, abandoned by people, in devastation,' suggesting that it no longer existed in his times.
Japanese: なお、829年（天長5年）に空海が綜芸種智院を設置した際に書かれた「綜芸種智院式」の文中に、自分の学校の先駆として吉備真備の「二教院」とともに石上宅嗣の「芸亭院」を挙げたうえで、芸亭の現状を「始めありて終りなく、人去って跡あれたり」と記しており、この時には既に消滅していたことが窺える。
English: The Untei is believed to have stood in the grounds of present-day Nara Municipal Ichijo High School, and a monument dedicated to the library stands inside the property.
Japanese: 現在の奈良市立一条高等学校の敷地内が芸亭の所在地と推定されており、同校内には碑文が立っている。
English: The character used in the name is actually one that is totally different from the character '芸' (read 'gei') that is used for words such as 芸能 ("geino" meaning "art" or "show business") and 園芸 ("engei" meaning gardening or horticulture).
Japanese: 本来この字、「芸」（ウン）は芸能・園芸などの「芸」（ゲイ）とは全く字形の同じ別字である。
English: The character '芸' that is used for 芸能 and 園芸 is derived from the traditional form '藝' which was simplified into 芸 as a new character form published for use as common-use kanji (then "toyo-kanji" now superseded by "joyo-kanji") after the war, resulting in integration of character form with the character 芸 that was older in existence and in use.
Japanese: 芸能・園芸の「芸」（ゲイ）は当用漢字公布まで用いられた旧字体では「藝」（ゲイ）という書体だったが、戦後になって当用漢字（常用漢字の前身）が公布されてからは新字体として「芸」（ゲイ）に簡略化されたため、もとからある「芸」（ウン）と同形衝突（一致）してしまったのである。
English: The kanji 藝 (gei) means 'to plant' or 'skill,' while 芸 (un) means 'to pull out the weeds' or 'common rue' (herb used to keep insects away from papers and books), supporting the belief that the name Untei comes from this definition.
Japanese: 「藝」（ゲイ）は「うえる」「わざ」の意、「芸」（ウン）は「くさぎる」（雑草を取る）「ヘンルーダ」（書物の虫を防ぐのに使う香草）の意であり、「芸亭」の名はこの「ヘンルーダ」の意味からきていると思われる。
English: Another claim is that the character was chosen in honor of NIGIHAYAGI no mikoto (邇藝速日命), the founder of the Isonokami and Mononobe clans.
Japanese: 他に石上氏、物部氏の始祖である邇藝速日命の字にちなんだという説もある。
English: The Akizuki-no-ran War is a revolt by the warrior class against the Meiji Government which took place in Akizuki, Fukuoka Prefecture (currently Akizuki, Asakura City, Fukuoka Prefecture) in 1876.
Japanese: 秋月の乱（あきづきのらん）は、1876年（明治9年）に福岡県秋月（現・福岡県朝倉市秋月）で起こった明治政府に対する士族反乱の一つである。
English: A rebellion was started by about 400 people including Kurumanosuke MIYAZAKI, Atsushi ISO, Yasura TOBARA, Heihachi ISO, Hankuro TONAMI, Tetsunosuke MIYAZAKI, Kiyoshi TOKI, Shizukata MASUDA and Hyakuhachiro IMAMURA from the warrior class in the former Akizuki Domain in response to the Shimpuren-no-ran War, which took place on October 24, 1876 in Kumamoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 1876年10月24日に熊本県で起こった神風連の乱に呼応して、旧秋月藩の士族宮崎車之助、磯淳、戸原安浦、磯平八、戸波半九郎、宮崎哲之助、土岐清、益田静方、今村百八郎ら約400名によって起こされた反乱である。
English: On October 27, three days after the Shimpuren-no-ran War, the 'Akizuki-to' party led by Imamura raised the army and started by killing a police officer in Myogen-ji temple (the first death of police officers on duty in Japan).
Japanese: 神風連の乱から3日後の10月27日、今村を隊長とする「秋月党」が挙兵、まず明元寺で警察官を殺害（日本初の警察官の殉職）。
English: Members of the warrior class in the former Akizuki Domain later headed for Miyako Town and arrived there on October 29 because they had promised in advance to rally simultaneously with Juro SUGIO and others from the warrior class in the former Toyotsu Domain.
Japanese: 旧秋月藩の士族はあらかじめ旧豊津藩の士族、杉生十郎らと同時決起を約束していたため、このあとみやこ町へと向かい、10月29日に到着する。
English: However, as the warrior class of the former Toyotsu Domain decided not to rally at that time and Sugio and others were incarcerated, the Kitakyushu City Chindai Army, led by Maresuke NOGI, who had arrived on receiving the correspondence from the Toyotsu side, attacked the Akizuki-to party during the negotiation.
Japanese: しかしこのとき旧豊津藩士族は決起しない方針を固め、杉生らは監禁されており、談判中、豊津側の連絡を受けて到着した乃木希典率いる北九州市鎮台が秋月党を攻撃。
English: With a death toll of 17 on the Akizuki side (two deaths in the government forces), the Akizuki-to party retreated to Kurikochi, Egawa Village (currently, Aza Kurikochi, Oaza Egawa, Asakura City) and was disbanded on October 31 and seven men including Iso, Miyazaki and Toki committed suicide.
Japanese: 秋月側は死者17名を出し（政府軍の死者2名）江川村栗河内（現・朝倉市大字江川字栗河内）へ退却、10月31日に秋月党は解散し、磯、宮崎、土岐ら七士は自刃した。
English: Imamura of the resistance force returned to Akizuki together with 26 others, attacked the Akizuki-to suppression headquarters situated in Akizuki Elementary School, killed two prefectural high officials, burned down the liquor store warehouse where warrior class members joining the rebellion were kept in detention, and then separately escaped, but they were arrested on November 24.
Japanese: 抗戦派の今村は他26名とともに秋月へ戻り、秋月小学校に置かれていた秋月党討伐本部を襲撃し県高官2名を殺害、反乱に加わった士族を拘留していた酒屋倉庫を焼き払ったのち、分かれて逃亡したが、11月24日に逮捕された。
English: Masuda left for Saga City on October 26 before raising the army in order to ask the former Saga Domain warrior class for a simultaneous rally, but he was arrested on his way back.
Japanese: なお益田は挙兵前の10月26日に旧佐賀藩士族の同時決起を求めるため佐賀市へ向かったが、その帰りに逮捕されている。
English: As sentences were passed on the people involved at the Fukuoka provisional court on December 3, Imamura and Masuda, who were considered ringleaders, were beheaded on the same day and penalties including imprisonment with work and deprivation of the family status were imposed on about 150 people.
Japanese: 12月3日に福岡臨時裁判所で関係者の判決が言い渡され、首謀者とされた今村と益田は即日斬首され、約150名に懲役、除族などの懲罰が下された。
English: At present, the death poems in the leaders' own handwriting are on display at the Akizuki Folk Museum (formerly the residence of Hankuro TONAMI) in Akizuki.
Japanese: 現在、秋月にある秋月郷土資料館（戸波半九郎屋敷跡）に、幹部直筆の辞世の句などが展示されている。
English: The Shimpuren-no-ran War is a revolt by the warrior class against the Meiji Government which took place in Kumamoto City in 1876.
Japanese: 神風連の乱（しんぷうれんのらん）は、1876年（明治9）に熊本市で起こった明治政府に対する士族反乱の一つである。
English: A rebellion against the law banning the wearing of swords, started on October 24, 1876 by the "Keishin-to" party, which was formed by about 170 people including Tomoo OTAGURO, Harukata KAYA and Kyuzaburo SAITO from the warrior class in the former Higo Domain.
Japanese: 1876年10月24日に旧肥後藩の士族太田黒伴雄（おおたぐろともお）、加屋霽堅（かやはるかた）、斎藤求三郎ら、約170名によって結成された「敬神党」により廃刀令に反対して起こされた反乱。
English: Since this Keishin-to party was commonly called "The Jimpuren (Jimpu Group)," the war is called the Shimpuren-no-ran War.
Japanese: この敬神党は「神風連」の通称で呼ばれていたので、神風連の乱と呼ばれている。
English: After the restoration of their impaired reputation, that is, after the conferment of a posthumous rank (the Shogoi or senior fifth rank was conferred to ORAGURO and KAYA), the war was referred to as the "Shimpuren-no-hen War."
Japanese: 名誉回復、すなわち贈位後（大正13年2月11日、太田黒・加屋に正五位が贈られた後）は、「神風連の変」と呼称される。
English: At midnight, October 24, 1876, the Keishin-to party split into units, then attacked the residence of Masaaki TANEDA, the Kumamoto Chindai Army Commander, and the residence of Ryosuke YASUOKA, the Governor of Kumamoto Prefecture, and killed four prefectural government officials as well as TANEDA AND YASUOKA.
Japanese: 1876年10月24日深夜、敬神党が各隊に分かれて、熊本鎮台司令官種田政明宅、熊本県令安岡良亮宅を襲撃し、種田・安岡ほか県庁役人4名を殺害した。
English: After that, all the members attacked the Kumamoto Chindai Army (in Kumamoto Castle) of the government forces, killed soldiers in the castle one after another, and gained control of the artillery barracks.
Japanese: その後、全員で政府軍の熊本鎮台（熊本城内）を襲撃し、城内にいた兵士らを次々と殺害し、砲兵営を制圧した。
English: However, the next morning, officers from the government forces including Gentaro KODAMA rushed to the site, restored combat readiness under their command, and started full-scale counterattacks.
Japanese: しかし翌朝になると、政府軍側では兒玉源太郎ら将校が駆けつけ、その指揮下で態勢を立て直し、本格的な反撃を開始。
English: KAYA, SAITO and others were shot to death, and the ringleader OTAGURO, too, was injured by gunshot, took refuge to a nearby private house and then committed suicide.
Japanese: 加屋・斎藤らは銃撃を受け死亡し、首謀者の太田黒も銃撃を受けて重傷を負い、付近の民家に避難したのち自刃した。
English: This rebellion was an incident to start revolts by some members of the warrior class who burst their dissatisfaction against the Meiji Government because of the abolition measure of hereditary stipend and the law banning the wearing of swords, and in response to this incident, the Akizuki-no-ran War and the Hagi-no-ran War occurred, resulting in the Nansei War of the following year.
Japanese: この反乱は、秩禄処分や廃刀令により、明治政府への不満を暴発させた一部士族による反乱の嚆矢となる事件で、この事件に呼応して秋月の乱、萩の乱が発生し、翌年の西南戦争へとつながる。
English: The Keishin-to party was a sect of the Kinno-to party (pro-Imperial party), which was one of the three major factions of the former Higo Domain warrior class.
Japanese: 敬神党は、旧肥後藩士族の三大派閥の一つであった、勤皇党の一派である。
English: The Higo Domain was divided into three factions according to their education policies, namely, the Gakko-to party (school party) focusing on education based on the doctrines of Zhu Xi in domain schools, the Jitsugaku-to party (practical learning party) emphasizing the relation between education and politics, advocated by Shonan YOKOI and others, and the Kinno-to party (pro-Imperial party with Gensai KAWAKAMI, Tomoo OGURODA, Harukata KAYA and others) emphasizing education based on the study of Japanese literature and culture and Shintoism, founded by Oen HAYASHI.
Japanese: 肥後藩では、教育方針をめぐり3派閥に分かれており、藩校での朱子学教育を中心とする学校党、横井小楠らが提唱した教育と政治の結びつきを重視する実学党、林桜園を祖とする国学・神道を基本とした教育を重視する勤皇党（河上彦斎・太田黒伴雄・加屋霽堅ら）が存在した。
English: Members of the Kinno-to party who were deeply dissatisfied with the Meiji Government formed the Keishin-to party.
Japanese: 勤皇党のうち、明治政府への強い不満を抱く構成員により、敬神党が結成された。
English: Since this Keishin-to party was extremely pious about Shintoism, the party was called "The Jimpu Group" by people around them.
Japanese: この敬神党は、神道の信仰心が非常に強かったため、周囲からは「神風連」と呼ばれていた。
English: Many of the constituent members of the Keishin-to party were Shinto priests, and they made a pledge and prayer called "Ukei" at the Shinkaidai-jingu shrine and raised an army as instructed by an oracle.
Japanese: 敬神党の構成員は、多くが神職に就いており、新開大神宮で「宇気比」（うけい）と呼ばれる誓約祈祷を行い、神託のままに挙兵したのである。
English: Yukio MISHIMA is said to have become keenly interested in the Shimpuren-no-ran War and have sympathized for the ideology of the Keishin-to party in his later years.
Japanese: 三島由紀夫は、晩年、神風連の乱に強い関心を持ち、敬神党の思想に共感していたといわれる。
English: When TANEDA was killed, his favorite concubine, Kokatsu, who was at the site, rushed to the Kumamoto telegraph office despite her injury and sent a telegram saying, "Master is in danger, I am injured" to her parents in Tokyo.
Japanese: 種田が殺害された際、その場にいた種田の愛妾小勝は負傷しながらも、熊本電信局へ走り、「ダンナハイケナイワタシハテキズ」（旦那はいけない、私は手傷）と打った電報を、東京の親元に送信した。
English: This anecdote was taken up in the "Asano Shinbun" newspaper as a good exemplary literary style of telegram, where being short, concise and to the point is essential.
Japanese: このエピソードは、短く簡潔かつ的確にまとめることが重要な電報文体の好例として「朝野新聞」紙上に紹介された。
English: Later, the telegram text adapted by Robun KANAGAKI became widely known to the public, leading to the widespread recognition of how to use telegraph and its usefulness.
Japanese: その後、仮名垣魯文が脚色したものが一般に広まり、電報の利用方法や有用性が広まるきっかけの一つになった。
English: Sanda Domain was the ruler of Sanda, Arima County, Settsu Province and the area around it (modern days Sanda City, Hyogo Prefecture).
Japanese: 三田藩（さんだはん）は摂津国有馬郡三田（現・兵庫県三田市）周辺を領有した藩。
English: Before the Kamakura period, many shoens (manors in medieval Japan) were developed in Sanda centering around the monzen-machi (a temple town) of Konshin-ji Temple and Miwa-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代以前の三田は金心寺と三輪神社の門前町を中心に多くの荘園ができていた。
English: The gozoku (a local ruling family) who worked as jito (manager and lord of manor) governed Sanda by constructing small Yamashiros (castles built on the top of mountains or halfway up the mountains for defensive reasons) such as Kuwabara-jo Castle, Kishi-jo Castle and Ohara-jo Castle.
Japanese: 地頭である豪族が桑原城、貴志城、大原城などの小さな山城を築いて統治していた。
English: After shoen koryo sei (the system of public lands and private estates) disappeared in the Muromachi period, Sanda Domain was formed as a castle town.
Japanese: 室町時代に荘園公領制が消滅すると城下町としての性格を強め三田藩が成立していく。
English: In 1361 Ujinori AKAMATSU, the forth son of Norimura AKAMATSU (Enshin) who was the Governor of Harima Province, became the ruler of Arima County and constructed Sanda-jo Castle.
Japanese: 1361年（康安元年）　播磨国守護だった赤松則村（円心）の四男・赤松氏範が有馬郡を領有し三田城（車瀬城）を築城。
English: In 1386 in the disturbance of Northern and Southern Courts, although Akamatsu family took the side of Ashikaga army, only Ujinori was on the side of Southern Court.
Japanese: 1386年（至徳3年）南北朝の争いで赤松一門が足利軍に組する中、氏範だけは南朝方に付いた。
English: In 1409 Yoshisuke ARIMA, the fifth son of Norisuke AKAMATSU who was Ujinori's older brother, became the ruler of Arima County and started calling himself the Settsu Arima clan.
Japanese: 1409年（応永16年）　氏範の兄である赤松則祐の五男・有馬義祐が有馬郡を領有し摂津有馬氏を名乗るようになる。
English: In 1575 Murashige ARAKI who had suppressed Settsu Province under the banner of Nobunaga ODA's 'Tenka-fubu' (a slogan that means that the samurai governs the whole world) had his vassal change his name from Yaichiro ATOBE to Shigekata ARAKI as the pivot of Oda camp in conquering Tanba Province.
Japanese: 1575年（天正3年）織田信長の「天下布武」の下、摂津国を平定した荒木村重が、織田陣営の丹波国攻略の要として家臣の安都部弥市郎を荒木重堅と改名させる。
English: In 1582 with Murashige ARAKI killed by Nobunaga ODA due to the rebellion he rose, Shigekata surrendered Sanda-jo Castle to the Oda side; subsequently, Kataie YAMAZAKI, a vassal of Nobunaga who was from Yamazaki-jo Castle in Omi Province, entered Sanda to be the feudal lord with 23,000 koku.
Japanese: 1582年（天正10年）荒木村重が謀反を起こし織田信長に討たれたことで重堅は三田城を開城、代わって信長の家臣であった山崎片家（堅家）が近江国山崎城より三田に入封、2万3千石の領主となり三田に藩が成立する。
English: In 1601 Iemori YAMAZAKI was forced to change his territory to Wakasa Domain in Inaba Province due to the defeat at the Battle of Sekigahara having taken the side of the West camp.
Japanese: 1601年（慶長6年）山崎家盛は関ヶ原合戦で西軍に仕え敗戦、因幡国若桜藩に転封となる。
English: To take the place of Iemori YAMAZAKI, Noriyori ARIMA of Yokosuka Domain in Totomi Province who was originally from Settsu Arima clan and was also a busho (Japanese military commander) of the East camp entered into Sanda-jo Castle as a feudal lord with 20,000 koku.
Japanese: 代わって摂津有馬氏の出で東軍の武将であった有馬則頼が遠江国横須賀藩から2万石で入封。
English: In 1602 after the death of Noriyori ARIMA, Toyouji ARIMA, the eldest legitimate son and also the ruler of Fukuchiyama Domain in Tango Province with 60,000 koku, became the successor and annexed Sanda Domain of 20,000 koku to Fukuchiyama Domain, making the total crop yield of Fukuchiyama Domain 80,000 koku.
Japanese: 1602年（慶長7年）有馬則頼が没すると丹波国福知山藩6万石を所領していた嫡男の有馬豊氏が家督を継ぎ、三田藩2万石を併合し福知山藩8万石の所領となった。
English: In 1620 with highly evaluated and distinguished service at the Siege of Osaka, Toyouji ARIMA, the lord of Fukuchiyama Domain, became a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) with 200,000 koku and was transferred to Kurume Domain in Chikugo Province.
Japanese: 1620年（元和6年）　福知山藩主の有馬豊氏は大坂の役の武功により20万石の大名となり筑後国久留米藩に移封。
English: In 1626, after Shigenao MATSUDAIRA entered into Sanda from Kaminoyama Domain in Dewa Province receiving 30,000 koku, Sanda Domain was restored.
Japanese: 1626年（寛永3年）　出羽国上山藩から松平重直が3万石で三田に入封し三田藩は復活する。
English: In 1633, the bakufu divided Kuki clan's territory of 56,000 koku into two for the reason of succession dispute, in which Hisataka KUKI's territory was changed to Sanda Domain with 36,000 koku and Takasue KUKI's territory was transferred to Ayabe Domain in Tanba Province with 20,000 koku.
Japanese: 1633年（寛永10年）志摩国鳥羽藩の九鬼氏の家督争いを理由に、幕府は九鬼氏の5万6千石を分割し、九鬼久隆を3万6千石で三田藩に、九鬼隆季を2万石で丹波国綾部藩に移封。
English: The Kuki clan was a daimyo descended from Kumano betto (title of an official who administered the shrines at Kumano) of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan originating in Muro County, Kii Province (modern day Owase City, Mie Prefecture), and was the leader of Kuki Suigun navy whose strategic point was located in Toba Domain in Shima Province (present-day Toba City, Mie Prefecture) acting as the general leader of Suigun navy in Hideyoshi's invasion of Kyushu and the dispatch of troops to Korea.
Japanese: 九鬼氏は藤原北家熊野別当の末裔で紀伊国牟婁郡（現在の三重県尾鷲市）で起こり、志摩国鳥羽藩（三重県鳥羽市）を拠点に九鬼水軍を統率し秀吉の九州攻めや朝鮮出兵で水軍総督を務めた大名である。
English: After Moritaka KUKI's death, Hisataka KUKI, the fifth son, and Takasue KUKI, the third son, had a succession dispute within the family.
Japanese: 九鬼守隆の死後、五男の九鬼久隆と三男の九鬼隆季との間に家督争いが起こる。
English: Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, who had a fear of Kuki's Suigun navy power, divided the Kuki family's total yield of 56,000 koku and relocated their territories to Sanda and Ayabe, both of which were inland areas, for the reason of the succession dispute.
Japanese: 水軍力を恐れた徳川家光はこの家督争いを理由に九鬼氏の石高5万6千石を分割、内陸の三田と綾部に移封させた。
English: After moving their head family to Sanda, the Kuki family ruled Sanda Domain for approximately 240 years until Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures).
Japanese: 宗家を三田に移し廃藩置県までの約240年間、三田藩を統治することになる。
English: The residence of the lord was Sanda-jo Castle with ninomaru (second bailey), ochaya (rest house), arms store house and ammunition storage built in premises of today's Arima High School campus (the site of Sanda-jo Castle) and mitachi (feudal lord's office) built in the premises of existing Sanda Elementary School.
Japanese: 居城は三田城で、現在の有馬高校校舎敷地（三田城跡）に二の丸・御茶屋・武器庫・煙硝蔵などを設け、現在の三田小学校敷地に御館が築かれた。
English: Mitachi was composed of onhiroma (a hall), gokoshoin (small study), godaishoin (large study), ima (a living room), daidokoro (a kitchen), mitsubone (room for dignified lady) and goshuden (room for legal wife) and so on.
Japanese: 御館は、御広間・御小書院・御大書院・御居間・台所・御局・御守殿などから構成されていた。
English: Soon after Kuki clan entered Sanda, they began to face financial difficulty due to an excess number of vassals over their crop yields.
Japanese: 九鬼氏は石高にそぐわない多くの家臣団を召し抱えていたため、財政は入封早々より行き詰まった。
English: In 1780 in the era of Takamura KUKI the eighth, an uprising broke out due to a tax increase, and several mercantile houses in the castle town were torn down by Uchikowashi (an act where people destroyed residences of privileged merchants or officials who were involved in misgovernment).
Japanese: 8代九鬼隆邑の安永9年（1780年）には増税により一揆が起こり、城下の商家数件が打ち壊しに遭った。
English: In 1839 he was promoted to Joshu daimyo (daimyo who is allowed to live in a castle) by his distinguished service as a gatekeeper at Kanda-bashi Bridge and Tokiwa-bashi Bridge of Edo-jo Castle during the Bunka era (1894 to 1817).
Japanese: 文化(元号)年間（1804年-1817年）に江戸城神田橋御門・常盤橋御門番を務めた功績により、天保10年（1839年）に城主大名に引き上げられた。
English: He was a wise ruler who loved learning, and in 1818 he developed the hanko 'Kokkokan' further into a new school named 'Zoshikan.'
Japanese: 好学の名君であり文政元年（1818年）藩校である「国光館」を新たに「造士館」として発展させた。
English: He also showed interest in Western studies, and was a restorer who established groundwork for promoting westernization of Sanda Domain as preparation for the end of Edo period.
Japanese: また洋学にも関心を示し、幕末に向け三田藩の近代化を推進する素地を開いた中興の祖である。
English: In 1867 after the opinion of people in the domain was integrated into that of overthrowing the bakufu, Takayoshi KUKI took the side of Imperial army commanding western style army at the Battle of Toba and Fushimi.
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）藩論が倒幕に統一され、鳥羽伏見の戦いにおいても洋式軍隊を率い官軍方として参戦した。
English: Furthermore, after the Meiji Restoration and upon receiving the information that the Kobe Port would be improved as one of the modern ports, he founded the first import business in Kobe named 'Shima San Shokai' with domain's retainers Taizo SHIRASU (grandfather of Jiro SHIRASU) and Taijiro KODERA to save the domain's finance crisis caused by the confusion from the end of Edo period to the Meiji Restoration and to help the feudal retainers of Sanda Domain who had been reduced to poverty due to Haihan-chiken.
Japanese: また、明治維新が起こると、近代港として神戸港が整備されると知るや、幕末から明治維新の混乱による財政の立て直しと廃藩置県で困窮する三田藩士を救うべく、藩士の白洲退蔵（白洲次郎の祖父）、小寺泰次郎らとともに「志摩三商会」という神戸初の輸入商社を設立する。
English: After this success, he expanded his business into real estate, financial business and at the same time was involved in urban development around Kobe Port such as Moto-machi (Kobe City) and Sannomiya, and foundation of Kobe Home, the boarding school for female students which was a predecessor of Kobe College (Kobe Jogakuin), exercising a major influence on Kobe's development.
Japanese: これが成功を収め不動産や金融業に乗り出し、現在の元町(神戸市)、三宮といった神戸港周辺の都市開発や神戸女学院の前身である女子寄宿学校・神戸ホームの創立に関わるなど、神戸の街づくりに多大な影響を及ぼしている。
English: Hagi-no-ran War (turmoil of dissatisfied warriors at Hagi) was one of Shizoku no hanrans (rebellion by family or person with samurai ancestors) against Meiji government broke out in Hagi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture in 1876.
Japanese: 萩の乱（はぎのらん）は、1876年（明治9）に山口県萩市で起こった明治政府に対する士族反乱の一つである。