nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: On December 10, he was engaged to Chioko, a daughter of Tadakimi SHIMAZU who was the next family head of the Shigetomi family, the head family of the Shimazu clan, and became his adopted son.
Japanese: 11月1日、島津一門家筆頭の重富家の次期当主島津忠公の娘千百子と婚姻し婿養子となる。
English: However, in the "orthodox genealogy of the Shimazu clan," the fact that he became an adopted child of the Tanegashima clan is excluded.
Japanese: なお、『島津氏正統系図』には種子島氏の養子になった事実が省かれている。
English: On March 1828, he celebrated his coming of age and was given the name Tadayuki by Narioki, his ceremonial father.
Japanese: 文政11年（1828年）2月に斉興が烏帽子親となり元服、忠教（ただゆき）の諱を授かる。
English: In December 1839, he succeeded the family estate of Shigetomi family and changed his common name to Yamashiro on January 1840.
Japanese: 天保10年（1839年）11月に重富家の家督を相続し、12月に仮名(通称)を山城と改める。
English: Concerning the position of successor to Narioki, Oyura-sodo (family troubles over Narioki SHIMAZU's heir) occurred between the two parties supporting Nariakira or Tadanori, which invited an intervention of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 斉興の後継の地位をめぐって、斉彬と忠教の兄弟をそれぞれ擁立する派閥による御家騒動（お由羅騒動）が発生したことで、江戸幕府の介入を招来した。
English: Although Nariakira and Tadanori superficially contended with each other for the family estate of the Shimazu clan, it can be said that Tadanori was only put up by the anti-Nariakira group and that their personal relationship had not been so bad consistently.
Japanese: 島津氏家督の座を争うかたちにはなったが、忠教自身は反斉彬派に担がれたという要素が強く、斉彬と忠教の個人的関係は一貫して悪くなかったとみられる。
English: In 1858, when Nariakira died, according to his last will, Tadatoku, Tadanori's son, assumed the position as the lord of domain.
Japanese: 1858年に斉彬が死去すると、遺言により忠教の実子忠徳が藩主に就任する（後の島津忠義）。
English: In March of the following year, 1859, Tadatoku had an audience with Iemochi TOKUGAWA, who was seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians"), and was changed his name to Shigehisa with granted one character of the Shogun's name.
Japanese: 翌6年2月、征夷大将軍徳川家茂に謁見し、その偏諱を授かって茂久と改名する。
English: When Narioki who acted as Shigehisa's guardian died in October, 1839, Tadanori's political influence as the father of the domain lord in the domain increased.
Japanese: 茂久の後見を務めた斉興が安政6年（1859年）9月に没すると、藩主の実父として忠教の藩内における政治的影響力が増大。
English: On June 1, 1861, Tadanori returned to the head family changing his name to Hisamitsu (at the same time he also changed his common name to Izumi), and he came to be treated as the 'the father of province' and grasped the real power of the domain administration.
Japanese: 文久元年（1861年）4月23日に宗家へ復帰し、諱を久光と改名（同時に通称も和泉に改める）、「国父」として遇されることになり、藩政の実権を掌握する。
English: In March, 1862, he moved to the new-built second enclosure of the Kagoshima Castle from the Shigetomi residence (after that, he was also called 'Fukujoko' [literally, ' the Prince of the second castle'][副城公] in the domain).
Japanese: 文久2年（1862年）2月、重富邸から新築の鹿児島城二の丸邸へ移る（以後久光は藩内において「副城公」とも称された）。
English: In the process of expanding his power, he promoted central members of Seichugumi Organization, a volunteering group of middle and lower ranked feudal retainers including Toshimichi OKUBO, Sadaka IJICHI (Chuzaemon HORI), Michihira IWASHITA, Nobuyoshi KAIEDA, and Tomozane YOSHII as well as Kiyokado (Tatewaki) KOMATSU and Chuzaemon NAKAYAMA.
Japanese: 藩内における権力拡大の過程では、小松清廉（帯刀）や中山中左衛門などと合わせて、大久保利通・伊地知貞馨（堀仲左衛門）・岩下方平・海江田信義・吉井友実ら、中下級藩士から成る有志グループ、精忠組の中核メンバーを登用する。
English: When Hisamitsu raised an army and went to Edo in 1862, he accused Saigo of going to Edo without permission and exiled him to the Tokunoshima Island, and when he pardoned Saigo as the result of his sympathizers' pleas in 1864, Hisamitsu left his teeth marks on his pipe due to his bitter decision, as this anecdotes show, there had been a large disparity between them later.
Japanese: 文久2年の率兵上京（後述）時には、西郷の無断東上を責めて徳之島、のち沖永良部島に配流し、藩内有志の嘆願により元治元年（1864年）に西郷を赦免する際も、苦渋の余りくわえていた銀のキセルの吸い口に歯形を残したなどの逸話があるように、のちのちまで両者のあいだには齟齬があった。
English: In 1862 he went to Kyoto, leading his army in order to promote Kobu Gattai (Union of Court and Camp) movement (he left Kagoshima on April 14 and arrived to Kyoto on May 14).
Japanese: 文久2年（1862年）、公武合体運動推進のため兵を率いて上京する（3月16日鹿児島発、4月16日京都着）。
English: It was said that Hisamitsu's movement to plan political cooperation among Imperial Court, Shogunate, and the major domains was to succeed the last wish of Nariakira, his elder brother.
Japanese: 朝廷・幕府・雄藩の政治的提携を企図する久光の運動は、亡兄斉彬の遺志を継ぐものとされた。
English: During his stay in Kyoto, he caused the Teradaya Incident on June 1, 1862 in order to subdue the extremist group of the Sonjo-ha party (supporting the principle of 'Sonno Joi' advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) of his own domain including Shinshichi ARIMA who gathered in Teradaya Inn (present Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture).
Japanese: 京都滞在中の4月23日、伏見（現京都府京都市伏見区）の寺田屋に集結した有馬新七ら自藩の尊攘派過激分子を討伐する寺田屋事件を起こす。
English: Due to Hisamitsu's action towards the Imperial Court, it was decided on June 19, 1862 to dispatch an Imperial envoy to Edo in order to demand the reformation of the shogunate government and Hisamitsu was ordered to follow the envoy.
Japanese: 朝廷に対する久光の働きかけにより5月9日、幕政改革を要求するために勅使を江戸へ派遣することが決定され、久光は勅使随従を命じられる。
English: As for the demands made to the Shogunate, the following three articles were decided (for the first item, the opinion of the Choshu domain; for the second item, Tomomi IWAKURA's opinion; for third item, opinion of the Satsuma domain were adopted, respectively).
Japanese: 幕府への要求事項として、以下の「三事策」（1.は長州藩、2.は岩倉具視、3.は薩摩藩の各意見を採用したもの）が決められた。
English: The establishment of the Council of Five Elders composed of representatives from five large domains of the coastal areas (Satsuma Domain, Choshu Domain, Tosa Domain, Sendai Domain and Kaga Domain)
Japanese: 沿海5大藩（薩摩藩・長州藩・土佐藩・仙台藩・加賀藩）で構成される五大老の設置
English: After changing his common name to Saburo from Izumi on June 18 before leaving, Hisamitsu left Kyoto following Shigenori OHARA, the Imperial envoy, on June 30, and arrived in Edo on July 16th.
Japanese: 久光は5月12日、出府に先立って通称を和泉から三郎へと改めた上で、21日に勅使大原重徳に随従して京都を出発、6月7日に江戸へ到着する。
English: In Edo he negotiated with the cabinet officials of Shogunate in cooperation with the Imperial envoy and succeeded in realizing Yoshinobu's assumption of Shogun assistant role on August 14 and Shungaku's assumption of political affairs president on August 17 (Bunkyu Reform).
Japanese: 当地において勅使とともに幕閣との交渉に当たり、7月6日に慶喜の将軍後見職、9日に春嶽の政事総裁職の就任を実現させる（文久の改革）。
English: On September 19, 1862, Hisamitsu started from Edo after the Imperial envoy achieved his aim to going to Edo, but on the way to Kyoto on Tokai-do Road his procession met with four English citizens at the Namamugi Village, Musashi Province (present Tsurumi Ward, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture), and following feudal retainers of Satsuma killed and injured them because they obstructed Hisamitsu's procession (the Namamugi Incident).
Japanese: 勅使東下の目的を達成したことで8月21日、久光は江戸を出発、東海道を帰京の途上、武蔵国橘樹郡生麦村（現神奈川県横浜市鶴見区(横浜市)）でイギリス民間人4名と遭遇、久光一行の行列の通行を妨害したという理由で随伴の薩摩藩士がイギリス人を殺傷する生麦事件が起こる。
English: On September 5, 1862, Hisamitsu arrived in Kyoto, went to the Imperial Court and reported the success of the Shogunate government reformation on 8, then he left Kyoto on October 1 and returned to the domain (arrived at Kagoshima on October 16).
Japanese: 久光は閏8月6日に京都へ到着、9日に参内して幕政改革の成功を復命した後、23日に京都を発し帰藩する（9月7日鹿児島着）。
English: Furthermore, the stabbing incident of Englishmen developed into the war between Anglo-Satsuma War in August of the following year, 1863.
Japanese: なお、イギリス人殺傷の一件は結果的に、翌文久3年（1863年）7月の薩英戦争へと発展する。
English: In April, 1863, he made the second visit to Kyoto (he left Kagoshima on April 21 and arrived in Kyoto on May 1), but he could not suppress the insistence of Sonjo-kyushinha (rapid group of Sonno-joi) supported by the Choshu Domain, and as a result, he returned to Kagoshima after only five days in Kyoto (he left Kyoto on May 5 and arrived at Kagoshima on May 28).
Japanese: 文久3年（1863年）3月に2回目の上京（3月4日鹿児島発、14日京都着）をするが、長州藩を後ろ盾にした尊攘急進派の専横を抑えられず、足かけ5日間の滞京で帰藩する（18日京都発、4月11日鹿児島着）。
English: However, after Hisamitsu returned to the domain, he received several requests to go to Kyoto by the Imperial Prince Asahiko KUNINOMIYA, Tadahiro KONOE and his son Tadafusa KONOE who were confronted with the Sonjo-ha party and the Emperor Komei who criticized the behavior of Sonjo-ha party.
Japanese: しかし帰藩後も、尊攘派と対立関係にあった久邇宮朝彦親王や近衛忠煕・近衛忠房父子、また、尊攘派の言動に批判的だった孝明天皇から再三、久光は上京の要請を受けた。
English: Then, after the success of 'the Coup of August 18' (September 26 in New calendar [solar calendar]) which was carried out mainly by the Satsuma and Aizu clans in order to expel the Choshu clan from Kyoto with gaining a support of the Emperor, Hisamitsu made the third visit to Kyoto (he left Kagoshima on October 24 and arrived at Kyoto on November 11).
Japanese: そして、長州藩の勢力を京都から追放するべく、薩摩藩と会津藩が中心となって画策し、天皇の支持を得た上で決行された八月十八日の政変の成功後、久光は3回目の上京を果たす（9月12日鹿児島発、10月3日京都着）。
English: In accordance with Hisamitsu's proposal, a new position Chogi Sanyo (Court Council Councilor), who was eligible for attending a Court Council (Chogi), was established.
Japanese: 久光の建議によって、朝廷会議（朝議）に参加する資格を有する朝議参預という職が新設された。
English: On February 7, 1864, the five members of Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI, Shungaku MATSUDAIRA, Yodo YAMAUCHI who was the former lord of the Tosa domain, Munenari DATE who was the former lord of the Uwajima domain and Katamori MATSUDAIRA who was the lord of Aizu domain (Kyoto shugoshoku [Military governor of Kyoto]) were appointed to Sanyo by the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 12月30日、一橋慶喜、松平春嶽、前土佐藩主山内容堂、前宇和島藩主伊達宗城、会津藩主（京都守護職）松平容保の5名が、朝廷より参預に任じられる。
English: On February 22 of the following year, 1864, Hisamitsu who had been lacking rank at that time, was appointed to Sanyo as well as Jushiinoge (Junior Forth Rank, Lower Grade) Sakone gon no shosho (Provisional Minor Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards) at the same time.
Japanese: 無位無官だった久光は、翌元治元年（1864年）1月14日、従四位下左近衛権少将に叙任されるのと同時に、参預に任じられた。
English: But over the issue on exclusion of foreign ships from Yokohama port, a political confrontation occurred between Yoshinobu who insisted the principle of limited expulsion of foreigners (in favor of exclusion) and Hisamitsu, Shungaku and Munenari who insisted reinforcement of armaments (against exclusion).
Japanese: しかし、孝明天皇が希望する横浜港鎖港をめぐって、限定攘夷論（鎖港支持）の慶喜と、武備充実論（鎖港反対）の久光・春嶽・宗城とのあいだに政治的対立が生じた。
English: In the end, the three Marquises including Hisamitsu conceded to Yoshinobu (bakufu) and agreed to the foreign ship exclusion policy from Yokohama port, but the discord between both parties was not settled, and the council of Sanyo did not work well and was disorganized, leading to the setback of Kobu Gattai movement.
Japanese: 結果的に久光ら3侯が慶喜（幕府）側に譲歩し鎖港方針に合意したものの、両者の不和は解消されず、参預会議は機能不全に陥り解体、薩摩藩の推進した公武合体運動は頓挫する。
English: As a result, on May 27, 1884, Hisamitsu withdrew from Kyoto, entrusting Tatewaki KOMATSU, Saigo and others with future affairs (arrived Kagoshima on June 11).
Japanese: この結果を受けて久光は4月18日、小松帯刀や西郷隆盛らに後事を託して退京する（5月8日鹿児島着）。
English: For about three years while Hisamitsu stayed in the Satsuma Domain, central political situations underwent a lot of changes in such ways as the Kinmon Incident (August 27, 1865), First Conquest of Choshu, Shogun's departure to the front, an Imperial consent to the treaty with five countries during the Ansei era (March 7, 1866), Second Conquest of Choshu, the death of Shogun Iemochi (August 28), Acquisition of Shogun by Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (January 13, 1867), the death of Emperor Komei (February 4, 1867), and the Imperial Prince Sachinomiya Mutsuhito (the Emperor Meiji) ascending to the throne (February 8, 1867).
Japanese: 久光が在藩を続けた約3年間に中央政局は、禁門の変（元治元年7月19日）、第一次長州征伐、将軍進発、安政の五か国条約勅許、薩長盟約の締結（慶応2年1月21日）、第二次長州征伐、将軍家茂の薨去（7月20日）、徳川慶喜（徳川宗家を相続）の将軍就職（12月5日）、孝明天皇の崩御（同月25日）、祐宮睦仁親王（明治天皇）の践祚（慶応3年1月9日）、等々と推移する。
English: During this period, Hisamitsu, who was in the domain, greeted the English envoy Harry PARKS and his party at Kagoshima and entertained them with the lord of domain Shigehisa warmly from July 25 to 29 in 1866, by which a friendly relationship between Satsuma Domain and England after the peace treaty for Anglo-Satsuma War was confirmed.
Japanese: この間、国許にあって久光は、慶応2年（1866年）6月16日から20日にかけてイギリス公使ハリー・パークスの一行を鹿児島に迎えて藩主茂久とともに歓待し、薩英戦争講和以後続く薩摩藩とイギリスのあいだの友好関係が確認された。
English: During the fourth visit to Kyoto in 1867 (left Kagoshima on April 29 and arrived at Kyoto on May 15), he held a meeting with the four lords of Shungaku MATSUDAIRA, Yodo YAMAUCHI, and Munenari DATE and confirmed to hold talks with Shogun Yoshinobu cooperated with the four lords over the problems of the opening Hyogo (present Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture) port which was pressing the time to announce the schedule of opening and the punishment against the Choshu Domain which had been left pending after the ceasefire of the second conquest (virtual defeat of the Shogunate) in October of the previous year.
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）の4回目の上京（3月25日鹿児島発、4月12日京都着）では、松平春嶽、山内容堂、伊達宗城と四侯会議を開き、開港予定の布告期限が迫っていた兵庫（現兵庫県神戸市）開港問題や、前年9月の再征の休戦（事実上の幕府の敗北）後保留されたままの長州藩処分問題をめぐり、四侯連携のもとで将軍慶喜と協議することを確認する。
English: But in the talk between four lords and Shogun at the Nijo Castle on June 14, 19 and 21, while the four lords called upon the prior settlement of Choshu punishment problem (intending a lenient treatment), Yoshinobu insisted on the prior settlement of the problem of Hyogo port opening on the pretext of external relationship importance.
Japanese: しかし、5月14、19、21日の二条城における慶喜との会談では、長州処分問題の先決を唱える（寛典処分を意図する）四侯に対して、慶喜は対外関係を理由に兵庫開港問題の先決を主張した。
English: As the result of Chogi which were held for two days of July 1 and 2, it was decided to give an imperial sanction for these two problems at the same time, but the content of decision regarding the punishment of the Choshu domain was not clear, strongly reflecting the intent of Yoshinobu.
Japanese: 同月23、24日の2日間に及んだ朝議の結果は、2問題を同時に勅許するというものだったが、長州処分の具体的内容は不明確なままであり、慶喜の意向が強く反映されていた。
English: As a result, Hisamitsu finally gave up having a chance to compromise with Yoshinobu politically, and the leading group in the Satsuma domain decided to overthrow the Shogunate with military power.
Japanese: この事態を受けて、慶喜との政治的妥協の可能性を最終的に断念した久光の決断により、薩摩藩指導部は武力倒幕路線を確定する。
English: Hisamitsu, who was in poor health, moved to Osaka on September 23 and returned to the domain on September 29 (arrived on October 18).
Japanese: 病身の久光は8月15日に大坂へ移り、9月15日に帰藩の途に就く（21日鹿児島着）。
English: On November 22, the secret Imperial order to overthrow the Shogunate was given to Hisamitsu and Shigehisa, and on the following day, 23, the Imperial Court ordered Hisamitsu to come to Kyoto in order to cope with the petition for Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor) by Shogun Yoshinobu on the same day.
Japanese: 10月14日に久光・茂久へ討幕の密勅が下され、また同日の将軍慶喜による大政奉還の奏請を受けて翌15日、朝廷より久光に対し上京が命じられた。
English: However, Hisamitsu could not meet this because of his illness, and therefore, Shigehisa, instead of him, left Kagoshima with leading 3,000 domain soldiers on December 8, met Hiroatsu MORI, the heir of lord of the Choshu domain, at Mitajiri, Suo Province (present Hofu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture) to conclude the agreement for dispatching troops in cooperation of the three domains of Satsuma, Choshu, and Hiroshima on the way to Kyoto, and went to Kyoto on January 1.
Japanese: しかし、病のため久光はそれに応じられず、代わって茂久が11月13日、藩兵3000人を率いて鹿児島を出発、途中周防国三田尻（現山口県防府市）において18日、長州藩世子毛利広封と会見し薩長広島藩3藩提携による出兵を協定して、23日入京する。
English: Hisamitsu continued to keep power in the Satsuma domain (Kagoshima Prefecture), however, it is said that when Haihan-chiken (abolition of domains and establishment of prefectures) was declared by the Grand Council of State under the leadership of Takamori SAIGO and Toshimichi OKUBO participating in the central government on August 29, 1871, he got very angry and ordered to set off fireworks the whole day in Kagoshima as a message protest.
Japanese: 久光は明治維新後も薩摩藩（鹿児島藩）における権力を握り続けたが、政府に出仕していた西郷隆盛や大久保利通らの主導で、明治4年（1871年）7月14日に太政官より廃藩置県が布告されると、鹿児島の久光はこれに激怒、抗議の意を込めて一日中花火を打ち上げさせたという。
English: Among former territorial lords, only Hisamitsu openly showed his antipathy to Haihan-chiken.
Japanese: 旧大名層の中で、あからさまに廃藩置県に対して反感を示したのは、久光が唯一だった。
English: In addition, he was angry about the establishment of Miyakonojo Prefecture, saying that the division of Satsuma Province and the Osumi Province was 'a conspiracy of the Choshu clan.'
Japanese: また、都城県が設置されたことに対して、薩摩国大隈国分断は「長州の陰謀」だと憤怒した。
English: In 1873, he went to Kyoto and served for the government as Cabinet Adviser and he assigned Sadaijin (minister of the left) and made a petition for the restoration of old customs in the following year, 1874, but he was practically excluded from political decisions.
Japanese: 明治6年（1873年）には上京し、政府に出仕して内閣顧問、翌7年には左大臣となり、旧習復帰の建白を行うが、政府の意思決定からは実質的に排除された。
English: After that, he led a life of retirement and devoted himself to the compilation and collection of history books handed down from old Shimazu family.
Japanese: 以後、鹿児島で隠居生活を送り、島津家に伝わっていた史書編纂・蒐集に専念した。
English: Besides, he was opposed to the civilization and enlightenment policy of the government such as the decree banning the wearing of swords and did not cut his topknot, belted his sword on and dressed in kimono throughout his life.
Japanese: また、政府による廃刀令等の文明開化政策に反抗し、生涯髷を切らず、帯刀・和装をやめなかった。
English: It is said that he was at strife with Saigo even during this period, who left public office due to the political disturbance of 1873 and returned to Kagoshima.
Japanese: 明治六年の政変により下野し鹿児島に帰郷した西郷とは、この時期においても確執があったとされる。
English: In the Seinan War in which Saigo rose against the central government, he took a neutral position and took refuge at Sakurajima for some time to evade the war.
Japanese: 西郷らが蜂起した西南戦争では中立の立場をとり、戦火から逃れるため桜島に一時避難している。
English: He was accorded a state funeral, and since it was held in Kagoshima, not in Tokyo, new roads were built and troops of army were dispatched from the Kumamoto garrison only for his funeral.
Japanese: 国葬をもって送られたが、東京ではなく鹿児島での国葬となったため、葬儀のためだけに道路が整備され、熊本鎮台から陸軍が派遣された。
English: On April 11 (New calendar: May 15) he was promoted and transferred to Jushiinojo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade) Sakone gon no chujo (Provisional Middle Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards) and remained in the position of Osumi no Kami.
Japanese: 4月11日(旧暦)（5月16日）、従四位上左近衛権中将に昇叙転任し、大隅守如元。
English: Hirohide HIRATE (1553 - February 4, 1573) was a busho (Japanese military commander) during the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 平手汎秀（ひらてひろひで、天文(元号)22年（1553年）-元亀3年12月22日(旧暦)（1573年1月25日））は、安土桃山時代の武将。
English: He is said to be the third son of Masahide HIRATE and an legitimate son of his older brother, Hisahide (Masahide's grandson).
Japanese: 平手政秀の三男、もしくは兄・平手久秀の嫡男（政秀の孫）とも言われる。
English: Among the three sons of Masahide HIRATE, he appears as 'kenmotsu' or (and) 'Jinzaemon' in the "Shincho Koki" (Biography of Nobunaga ODA).
Japanese: 『信長公記』に登場する平手政秀の三子のうち、「監物」又は「甚左衛門」（あるいはその双方）にあたる人物。
English: He participated in the Battle of Mikatagahara as the reinforcement with Kazumasu TAKIGAWA, Hidesada HAYASHI, Nobumori SAKUMA, and Nobumoto MIZUNO, however, Oda's side lost by the superior army force of Singen TAKEDA.
Japanese: 元亀3年（1573年）の三方ヶ原の戦いに滝川一益・林秀貞・佐久間信盛・水野信元らと共に援軍として出陣したが、武田信玄の軍勢によって敗北した。
English: Even after Kazumasu and Nobumori retreated early during the battle, Hirohide continued to fight in the war with Ieyasu, however, their side lost in the war and maybe because he was not familiar with the geography around the areas of the Hamamatsu Province, he failed in the retreat and was killed by Takeda's army that came running towards him.
Japanese: 一益・信盛らは早々に撤退したが、汎秀は家康と共に戦ったものの敗れ、浜松周辺の地理に不慣れだったこともあり退却に失敗し、追走してきた武田軍に討ち取られた。
English: Hirohide was one of the busho favored by Nobunaga; when Nobunaga expelled Nobumori, the reason was that 'together with Hidesada and Nobumoto, Nobumori retreated from the battle leaving Hirohide alone.'
Japanese: 汎秀は信長に目をかけられた将の一人であり、信盛が後に信長によって追放される際には「信盛は秀貞・信元らとともに、汎秀を見殺しにした」との理由をつけられている。
English: It is said that the location of his death was Inanba (Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture); there is a slope called the Kenmotsu-zaka Slope in this area.
Japanese: 戦没地は稲葉山（いなんば）（静岡県浜松市）と伝わり、監物坂という地名の坂もある。
English: In those days, there were the gravestones of Hirohide and vassals in this area, and were popular as the Hirate-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: かつてその地には汎秀の墓碑と家臣の墓碑が存在し、平手神社として信仰を集めた。
English: Hirate-jinja Shrine was all destroyed in 2006 for the reasons such as aging, and the gravestones of Hirohide and vassals were left untouched, however, the descendants of the Hirate clan moved his gravestones to the family temple, Chofuku-ji Temple, upon permission from Hamamatsu City.
Japanese: 平手神社は施設の老朽化などの諸事情により2006年に全て取り壊され、汎秀の墓碑と家臣の墓碑は野ざらしの状態となっていたが、2007年3月に平手家の末裔が平手神社より浜松市の許可を得て墓碑を菩提寺の長福寺に移転させた。
English: The current location of his gravestone is "Chofuku-ji Temple on Mt. Gozu," that practices Chisan school of Shingon sect (Shimomiyake, Heiwa-cho, Inazawa City, Aichi Prefecture).
Japanese: 現存する墓所は『牛頭山長福寺(名古屋市)』(真言宗智山派)（愛知県稲沢市平和町下三宅）。
English: EN no Ozuno (also known as En no Ozunu or En no Otsuno, 634 - 706 according to legend) is a holy man from the Asuka period to Nara period.
Japanese: 役小角（えんのおづの、えんのおづぬ、えんのおつの、634年伝-706年伝）は、飛鳥時代から奈良時代の呪術者である。
English: It is told that EN no Ozuno was sent to the Izu Islands on June 29, 699 in the "Shoku Nihongi."
Japanese: 『続日本紀』は、文武天皇3年（699年）5月24日に、役君小角が伊豆島に流されたことを伝える。
English: As his disciple, KARAKUNI no Hirotari, slandered Ozuno that he deceived people by words, Ozuno was punished by Onru (to be exiled to the farthest distant island).
Japanese: 弟子の韓国広足が、小角が人々を言葉で惑わしていると讒言したため、小角は遠流になった。
English: "Shoku Nihongi" is a history book completed in 797 and does not include fiction stories.
Japanese: 『続日本紀』は、延暦16年（797年）に完成した史書で、創作された話が入る性質のものではない。
English: Although the details may not be accurate enough, it is thought to be true that a holy man named EN no Ozuno, who came from the Katsuragi-san Mountain did exist in real-life and he was sent to the Izu Islands by the slander of KARAKUNI no Hirotari.
Japanese: 事情の細部が説明通りかはともかく、葛木山から来た役小角という呪術者がいて韓国広足の告発で伊豆島に配流されたことは史実であろう。
English: Also, that a hundred years after that, a rumor that EN no Ozuno used Kijin was wide spread is thought as true.
Japanese: それから約百年後に、役小角は鬼神を使ったという話が広まっていたことも信じてよい。
English: "Shoku Nihongi" also mentions of his amnesty on November, 701, however, it does not refer to EN no Ozuno himself.
Japanese: 同書はまた、2年後の大宝元年（701年）11月に大赦があったことも伝えるが、役小角個人には言及しない。
English: Stories related to EN no Ozuno was recorded in the "Nihon genho zenaku ryoiki" (set of three books of Buddhist stories, written in the late 8th and early 9th century, usually referred to as the Nihon Ryouiki).
Japanese: 役小角にまつわる話は、やや下って成立した『日本現報善悪霊異記』に採録された。
English: As the book contains many absurd stories, his stories cannot be thought to be historically true either, however, the stories do not seem to have been completely made up by the author; it is thought that they were based on rumors spread in those days.
Japanese: 荒唐無稽な話が多い仏教説話集であるから、史実として受け止められるものではないが、著者の完全な創作ではなく、当時流布していた話を元にしていると考えられる。
English: In this book, he is described as an Ubasoku Buddhist (a lay believer, not a priest) who is a faithful worshipper of Buddhism.
Japanese: 霊異記で役小角は、仏法を厚くうやまった優婆塞（僧ではない在家の信者）として現れる。
English: It is said that at a young age, he played with sennin (immortal mountain wizard) and learned the Kujakuo juho (magic) and manipulated Kijin freely.
Japanese: 若くして雲に乗って仙人と遊び、孔雀王呪経の呪法を修め、鬼神を自在に操った。
English: When he tried to order Kijin to build a bridge between the Kongo-san Mountain and the Katsuragi-san Mountain, Hitokoto nushi (a Japanese ancient god) of the Katsuragi-san Mountain, transferred himself into a human and gave a slanderous report to Emperor Mommu to punish Ozuno.
Japanese: 鬼神に命じて大和国の金剛山と葛木山の間に橋をかけようとしたところ、葛木山の神である一言主が人に乗り移って文武天皇に役優婆塞の謀反を讒言した。
English: He was not captured by the Emperor's servant, however, he surrendered when his mother was taken as hostage.
Japanese: 役は天皇の使いには捕らえられなかったが、母を人質にとられるとおとなしく捕らえられた。
English: Even though he was sent to the Izu Islands, he was only on the Izu Islands during the daytime; at night, he engaged in the ascetic practices in the Mount Fuji.
Japanese: 伊豆島に流されたが、昼だけ伊豆におり、夜には富士山に行って修行した。
English: Hitokoto nushi is still bound by the spell of En Ubasoku Buddhist unreleased.
Japanese: 一言主は、役優婆塞の呪法で縛られて今（霊異記執筆の時点）になっても解けないでいる。