nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Hachiro tried to mobilize the Roshigumi after he returned to Edo, but his life was in danger as he had been completely against the Shogunate in Kyoto.
Japanese: 八郎は江戸に戻ったあと浪士組を動かそうとするが、京都で完全に幕府と対立していたため狙われていた。
English: On April 13th of the 3rd Year of Bunkyu, Hachiro was attacked by 6 assassins of the Shogunate, including Tadasaburo SASAKI and Shigeaki KUBOTA, at Azabu Ichinohashi, and was beheaded.
Japanese: 文久3年4月13日幕府の刺客、佐々木只三郎、窪田鎮章など6名によって麻布一ノ橋で討たれ首を切られた。
English: According to Joshido, his head was retrieved by Shuzo ISHIZAKA and was kept by Fusako YAMAOKA (the wife of Tesshu YAMAOKA), who returned it to Hachiro's family.
Japanese: 『女士道』によると首は石坂周造がとりもどし、山岡英子（山岡鉄舟の妻）が保管し遺族に渡したという。
English: Izumo no Okuni (1572? - year of death is unknown) was a female artist of the Azuchi-momoyama period who is considered the creator of Kabuki.
Japanese: 出雲阿国（いずものおくに、元亀3年?（1572年）-没年不詳）は、歌舞伎の創始者とされる安土桃山時代の女性芸能者。
English: According to tradition, she was the daughter of San-uemon NAKAMURA from Matsue City in Izumo Province, became a Miko at Izumo-taisha Shrine, and in the Bunroku era became famous for traveling to all the provinces to promote Izumo Taisha.
Japanese: 伝説によれば、出雲国松江市の鍛冶中村三右衛門の娘とされ、出雲大社の巫女となり、文禄年間に出雲大社勧進のため諸国を巡回したところ評判となったとされている。
English: From The Diary of Tamon-in, May 1582: An entry notes that "Kaga Kuni children 8 and 11" was doing a "Yayako-odori" dance at Kasuga-taisha Shrine.
Japanese: 『多聞院日記』1582年（天正10年）5月：「加賀国八歳十一歳の童」が春日大社で「ややこ踊り」を行ったという記事がある。
English: Interpreting this to mean two children named Kaga and Kuni, respectively 8 and 11 years old, and counting back from that date, the prevailing view has come to be that Kuni was born in 1572.
Japanese: これを8歳の加賀、11歳の国という2人の名前と解釈し、逆算して国を1572年生まれとするのが通説化している。
English: To quote a more reliable source, it is recorded in the Tokiyoshi Kyoki that in 1600 Kuni and Kiku of Unshu (Izumo) performed the "Yayako-odori" dance at Ko'noeden of Kyoto and at the palace; and it is known that this is where she made her self known as Izumo no Okuni.
Japanese: 確実な資料では『時慶卿記』に1600年（慶長5年）、京都近衛殿や御所で雲州（出雲）のクニと菊の2人が「ややこ踊り」を演じたという記録があり、ここで出雲のおくにと名乗っていたことがわかる。
English: The following records are older than the Tokiyoshi Kyoki, and may also refer to Okuni.
Japanese: 『時慶卿記』より遡るものとして次の記録があり、これらも阿国を指す可能性がある。
English: Oyudono no Ue no Nikki, September 1581: The "Yayako-odori" was performed at the palace.
Japanese: 『御湯殿の上日記』1581年（天正9年）9月：御所で「ややこ踊り」が演じられた。
English: They performed foppish men who frequented teahouses, and became tremendously popular in Kyoto.
Japanese: 男装して茶屋遊びに通う伊達男を演じるもので、京都で大変な人気を集めた。
English: It is thought that Okuni's husband (or lover) Sansaburo NAGOYA taught the Kabuki style to Okuni.
Japanese: 阿国には夫（または愛人）の名古屋山三郎がおり、山三郎が阿国に歌舞伎風を教えたとされる。
English: When Okuni and her troupe became famous, acts that imitated them, called Yujo-kabuki, was started by local prostitutes (Yujo) and became very popular.
Japanese: 阿国一座が評判になるとこれを真似た芝居が遊女によって盛んに演じられるようになり、遊女歌舞伎となった。
English: Image: StatueOfOkuni.jpg right 120px Statue of Okuni (Kyoto Shijo Ohashi area)
Japanese: 画像:StatueOfOkuni.jpgright120px阿国像（京都四条大橋たもと）
English: Nothing is heard of Okuni after she performed kabuki to promote the shrine at Edo-jo Castle in 1607.
Japanese: 阿国自身は1607年（慶長12年）、江戸城で勧進歌舞伎を上演した後、消息がとだえた。
English: There was a Kabuki performance at the palace in April of 1612, which some view was performed by Okuni's troupe.
Japanese: （慶長17年（1612年）4月に御所でかぶきが演じられたことがあり、阿国の一座によるものとする説もある。
English: The year of her death is variously reported as 1613, 1644, 1658, etc. (some even speculate about a 2nd Okuni).
Japanese: 没年は慶長18年（1613年）、正保元年（1644年）、万治元年（1658年）など諸説あり、はっきりしない（2代目阿国がいたのではないかという説もある）。
English: Legend has it that she returned to Izumo and became a nun; and what is considered to be Okuni's grave is near Izumo Taisha.
Japanese: 出雲に戻り尼になったという伝承もあり、出雲大社近くに阿国の墓とされるものがある。
English: Did choreography and instruction for the Miyako Odori at its founding in 1872, taking Kyoumai dancing out of the traditional private venues and onto the stage; she also strengthened ties between Gion and the Inoue school, leading the school on an ascent.
Japanese: 1872年（明治5年）の都をどり創設にあたっては振付ならびに指導を担当、これまで座敷舞であった京舞を舞台にのせ、また祇園町と井上流の関係を深めて流派を興隆にみちびいた。
English: She received the name of Yachiyo INOUE at 96 years of age; before which she went by Haruko KATAYAMA; refer to the website of the Katayama Family Noh and Kyoumai Preservation Foundation for more information.
Japanese: なお家元名井上八千代を名乗るのは96歳の時で、それまでは片山春子で通していた片山家能楽・京舞保存財団のウェブサイト中の記述を参照し加筆。
English: Hideji HOUJOU's play "Kyoumai" stars Yachiyo INOUE the 3rd and Yachiyo INOUE the 4th.
Japanese: 北条秀司の戯曲「京舞」は、三世八千代と四世八千代を主人公としている。
English: Children: Kurouemon KATAYAMA (the 9th), Keijirou KATAYAMA, and Motosaburou SUGIURA (all are Kanze School Noh actors)
Japanese: 子に片山九郎右衛門(9世)、片山慶次郎、杉浦元三郎（いずれも能楽能職掌観世流）。
English: Famous works include "Naginata Yashima", "Ama", "Kanawa", and "Shino".
Japanese: 代表作は「長刀八島」、「海士（あま）」、「鉄輪（かなわ）」、「信乃」ほか
English: 1931 - Married the grandson of Yachiyo INOUE the 3rd, Kanze School Noh Teacher Hiromichi KATAYAMA (Kurouemon KATAYAMA the 8th).
Japanese: 1931年、三世家元の孫、観世流能楽師片山博通（八世片山九郎右衛門）と結婚
English: 1956 – Born in Kyoto to father Kurouemon KATAYAMA (the 9th, Kanze School Noh Actor) and grandmother Yachiyo the 4th, Aiko KATAYAMA.
Japanese: 1956年、四世八千代の片山愛子を祖母、片山九郎右衛門(9世)（能楽能職掌観世流）を父に京都に生まれる。
English: "Kyoumai Master of the Inoue School: Yachiyo INOUE the 3 rd (Almanac of a Gion Woman)" Yasuko ENDOU, Libroport Co., 1993
Japanese: 『京舞井上流家元・三世井上八千代（祇園の女風土記）』遠藤保子著リブロポート社1993
English: Buson YOSA (Born in 1716, died on January 17, 1784) was a Japanese haiku poet and painter in the middle of the Edo Period.
Japanese: 与謝蕪村（よさぶそん、よさのぶそん、享保元年（1716年）-天明3年12月25日(旧暦)（1784年1月17日））は、江戸時代中期の日本の俳人、画家。
English: It is thought that the name "Buson" was derived from a poem by a Chinese poet, Touenmei, "Returning Home".
Japanese: 「蕪村」とは中国の詩人陶淵明の詩「帰去来辞」に由来すると考えられている。
English: He had other names besides Buson, including Saichou and Yahantei (II) as a poet, and Shunsei and Shain as a painter.
Japanese: 俳号は蕪村以外では「宰鳥」、「夜半亭（二世）」があり、画号は「春星」、「謝寅（しゃいん）」など複数の名前を持っている。
English: Born in Kema village, Higashinari county, in the kingdom of Settsu (Kema-chou, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka).
Japanese: 摂津国東成郡毛馬村（ひがしなりごおりけまむら）（大阪市都島区毛馬町）に生まれた。
English: At the age of 20 he went to Edo and studied Haikai under Hajin HAYANO (Soua YAHANTEI).
Japanese: 20歳の頃江戸に下り早野巴人（はやのはじん〔夜半亭宋阿（やはんていそうあ）〕）に師事し俳諧を学ぶ。
English: After his teacher's death in 1742, he went to live with Gantou ISAOKA in Yuki, the kingdom of Shimousa (Yuki City, Ibaraki Prefecture) at the age of 27. He admired Basho MATSUO so much that he followed in his footsteps on a trip to the Tohoku region.
Japanese: 寛保2年（1742年）27歳の時、師が没したあと下総国結城（茨城県結城市）の砂岡雁宕（いさおかがんとう）のもとに寄寓し、松尾芭蕉に憧れてその足跡を辿り東北地方を周遊した。
English: He first used the name Buson when he edited those notes into his Saitanchou anthology (Utsunomiya Saitanchou) in 1744 when he lived in the house of Rokyu SATO, who was Gantou's adopted son-in-law. He was living in Utsunomiya, in the kingdom of Shimotsuke (Utsunomiya City, Tochigi Prefecture).
Japanese: その際の手記を寛保4年（1744年）に雁宕の娘婿で下野国宇都宮（栃木県宇都宮市）の佐藤露鳩（さとうろきゅう）宅に居寓した際に編集した『歳旦帳（宇都宮歳旦帳）』で初めて蕪村を号した。
English: His life came to an end after 68 years, before dawn on the morning of January 17, 1784 in his house on Karasuma Nishi-Iru, Bukkouji Street, in Shimogyou-ku, Kyoto.
Japanese: 京都市下京区仏光寺通烏丸西入ルの居宅で、天明3年12月25日（1784年1月17日）未明68歳の生涯を閉じた。
English: A master of Edo Haikai along with Bashou MATSUO and Issa KOBAYASHI, he is known as the restoration patriarch of Edo Haikai.
Japanese: 松尾芭蕉、小林一茶と並び称される江戸俳諧の巨匠の一人であり、江戸俳諧中興の祖といわれる。
English: Distressed by the lack of originality in the Haikai of the time, he promoted a return to Basho's style. He was instrumental in establishing the Tenmyou style that applied the concept of "departure from the ordinary" used in painting and poetry.
Japanese: 独創性を失った当時の俳諧を憂い『蕉風回帰』を唱え、絵画用語である『離俗論』を句に適用した天明調の俳諧を確立させた中心的な人物である。
English: Seven Buson Collections (The Snowscape, A Crow at Dawn, Four Great Poets in a Night, A Crow at Dawn 2, Tohri, Gosha Hogu, Flowers and Birds, Four Great Poets in a Night 2)
Japanese: 蕪村七部集（其雪影、明烏、一夜四歌仙、続明烏、桃李、五車反古、花鳥篇、続一夜四歌仙）
English: In addition to those listed above, the collected paintings, poems, and letters that were passed on to the family of Buson's patron and Haikai student, Hyakuchi TERAMURA, being "materials related to Buson YOSA," have been designated an Important Cultural Property (1987, Private Collection).
Japanese: 上記のほか、蕪村の俳諧の門弟でパトロンでもあった寺村百池の家に伝わった絵画、短冊、書状等の遺品一括が「与謝蕪村関係資料」として重要文化財に指定されている（1987年指定、個人蔵）。
English: Buson has influenced many Haiku poets. It is well known that he had an especially big influence on the innovation of Haiku poems by Shiki MASAOKA.
Japanese: 蕪村に影響された俳人は多いが特に正岡子規の俳句革新に大きな影響を与えたことは良く知られている。
English: Yusai HOSOKAWA (Fujitaka HOSOKAWA) was a general of the Warring States Period, and a tanka poet.
Japanese: 細川幽斎/細川藤孝（ほそかわゆうさい/ほそかわふじたか）は、戦国武将、歌人である。
English: He was born the second son to Harukazu MITSUBUCHI, a member of the Shogun's personal army in the Ashikaga Shogunate administrative system, and to Chikeiin, the daughter of Nobukata KIYOHARA, a famous scholar of Confucianism and Kokugaku (national learning).
Japanese: 足利将軍家の奉公衆三淵晴員の次男で、母は著名な儒学・国学者清原宣賢の娘・智慶院。
English: At first he was a vassal of the 13th shogun Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, and after his death he strove to make Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA the 15th shogun, but later he followed Nobunaga ODA and was made daimyo of a fief of 110,000 koku of rice in Miyazu, in Tango Province.
Japanese: 初め13代将軍足利義輝に仕え、その死後は15代将軍足利義昭の擁立に尽力するが、後に織田信長に従い丹後国宮津市11万石の大名となる。
English: He was a man of great learning who was given the transmission of the secret traditions of the Kokinshu, known as Kokin Denju, from Saneki SANJONISHI, the Nijo school successor and instructor who followed Teika FUJIWARA's poetic style, and he also brought to a peak the poetic criticism of the early modern period.
Japanese: また、藤原定家の歌道を受け継ぐ二条流の歌道伝承者三条西実枝から古今伝授を受け近世歌学を大成させた文化人でもあった。
English: Later, he passed the secret knowledge on to its legitimate successors, Kinkuni SANJONISHI (the son of Saneki SANJONISHI) and his son Saneeda SANJONISHI.
Japanese: 後に、正統伝承者である三条西公国（実枝の子）、その子三条西実条に返し伝授をする。
English: He was born on April 22, 1534, in what is today Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City, as the second son of Harukazu MITSUBUCHI.
Japanese: 天文3年（1534年）4月22日、三淵晴員の次男として京都市東山区に生まれる。
English: In 1540, when he was 7 years old, he was adopted as the heir of his father's brother Mototsune HOSOKAWA, the Shugo of Izumi Province.
Japanese: 天文9年（1540年）、7歳で和泉半国守護細川元常（晴員の兄）の養子となった。
English: In 1546, the 13th shogun Yoshifuji ASHIKAGA (the future Yoshiteru) gave one of the kanji in his name to him and he renamed himself as Fujitaka.
Japanese: 天文15年（1546年）、将軍足利義藤（後に義輝）から偏諱を受け、藤孝と名乗る。
English: In 1552, he was promoted to Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade, and Hyobu Dayu, and later he became the head of the Hosokawa family due to the death of his stepfather Mototsune in 1554.
Japanese: 天文21年（1552年）、従五位下兵部大輔に叙任され、天文23年（1554年）、養父・元常の死去により家督を継いだ。
English: At first he was in the service of the shogun Yoshiteru, and when Yoshiteru was assassinated by three major vassals of the Miyoshi clan and Hisahide MATSUNAGA,he rescued from confinement Yoshiteru's brother Kakukei ICHIJOIN (later Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA after his return to secular life), and seeking help from Yoshikata ROKKAKU in Omi Province, Yoshizumi TAKEDA in Wakasa Province, Yoshikage ASAKURA in Echizen Province and others, he exerted himself to have Yoshiaki appointed as the next shogun.
Japanese: 幕臣として将軍義輝に仕えるが、永禄8年（1565年）の永禄の変で義輝が三好三人衆や松永久秀に暗殺されると、幽閉された義輝の弟・一乗院覚慶（後に還俗して足利義昭）を救出し、近江国の六角義賢、若狭国の武田義統、越前国の朝倉義景らを頼って義昭の将軍任官に奔走した。
English: Afterwards, through Mitsuhide AKECHI, who had earlier served the Asakura clan, he would ask for support from Nobunaga ODA, the lord of Owari Province.
Japanese: その後、朝倉氏に仕えていた明智光秀を通じて尾張国の織田信長に助力を求めることとなる。
English: In 1568, following when Nobunaga ODA entered Kyoto in support of Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, Fujitaka took back Shoryuji Castle in Yamashiro Province from Tomomichi IWANARI, one of the three major vassals of the Miyoshi clan, and fought various other battles in Yamato and Settsu Provinces.
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年）9月、藤孝は足利義昭を奉じて織田信長が入京するのに従い、さらに山城国勝竜寺城を三好三人衆の岩成友通から奪還し、以後大和国や摂津国を転戦した。
English: As the conflict between Yoshiaki and Nobunaga began to surface, he worked hard to intercede with both of them, but in March 1573, after his admonitions to Yoshiaki against taking arms fell on deaf ears, he welcomed the entry of Nobunaga's army into Kyoto and signaled his allegiance to him.
Japanese: 義昭と信長の対立が表面化すると使者として両者の仲介に奔走したが、元亀4年（1573年）3月に義昭が挙兵するとこれを諫めて聞き入れられなかったため、軍勢を率いて上洛した信長を出迎えて恭順の姿勢を示した。
English: After Yoshiaki's ejection from Kyoto, he rendered homage and service to Nobunaga and received the whole area of Nagaoka, west of Katsura-gawa River in Yamashiro (the present Nagaokakyo City and Muko City).
Japanese: 義昭が京都を追放された後は信長に臣従し、7月に山城国桂川の西、長岡一帯（現長岡京市、向日市付近）を与えられた。
English: In August, he and Katsumasa IKEDA dealt Tomomichi IWANARI a crushing defeat at the Battle of Yodo Castle in Yamashiro, and went on to fight a number of battles in the Kinai area as a general under Nobunaga.
Japanese: 8月には池田勝正とともに岩成友通を山城国淀城の戦いで滅ぼすという功績を挙げ、以後信長の武将として畿内各地を転戦した。
English: In the Ishiyama Hongan-ji War and the Attack on the Saika-shu Group of Kii Province, among other campaigns, he did exemplary service as an aide to Mitsuhide AKECHI, the commander-in-chief of the army responsible for the Sanin Area.
Japanese: 石山合戦、紀伊国雑賀攻めのほか、山陰方面軍総大将の明智光秀の与力として活躍した。
English: In 1577, he and Mitsuhide rendered distinguished services in the taking of Shigisan-jo Castle, the residence of Hisahide MATSUNAGA, who had raised a standard of revolt against Nobunaga.
Japanese: 天正5年（1577年）、信長に反旗を翻した松永久秀の籠る大和国信貴山城を光秀とともに落として功績を挙げた。
English: In 1578, his son and heir Tadaoki married Tama, the daughter of Mitsuhide AKECHI (also known as Gracia HOSOKAWA), on the advice of Nobunaga.
Japanese: 天正6年（1578年）、信長のすすめによって嫡男・細川忠興と光秀の娘・玉（細川ガラシャ）の婚儀がなる。
English: In 1580 he attacked Tango alone, failing due to a counterattack from the Isshiki clan, but he finally succeeded with the help of Mitsuhide, and was then given a fief of 110,000 koku in Tango by Nobunaga and made Miyazu Castle his residence there.
Japanese: 天正8年（1580年）に単独で丹後国に進攻するも守護一色氏に反撃され失敗、光秀の加勢によってようやく平定に成功し、信長から丹後11万石を与えられ宮津城を居城とした。
English: At the incident at Honno-ji Temple in 1582, he declined persistent requests for cooperation from Mitsuhide AKECHI, his longtime colleague and the father of his daughter-in-law, shaved his head, changed his name to Yusai Genshi, handed the headship of the Hosokawa family to his son Tadaoki, and retired.
Japanese: 天正10年（1582年）に本能寺の変が起こると、藤孝は長年の僚友であり縁戚でもある明智光秀の再三の協力要請を断り、剃髪し幽斎玄旨と号して隠居、忠興に家督を譲った。
English: After this incident he was still promoted to an important position by Hideyoshi HASHIBA, and in 1586 received Nishigaoka, Yamashiro, as a fief to cover traveling expenses to and from Kyoto and living expenses during his stay there, etc.
Japanese: この後も、光秀を討った羽柴秀吉（豊臣秀吉）に重用され、天正14年（1586年）に在京料として山城西ヶ岡に3000石を与えられた。
English: He also joined the Kishu Campaign in 1585 and the Kyushu Campaign in 1587 as a general.
Japanese: 天正13年（1585年）の紀州征伐、天正15年（1587年）の九州征伐にも武将として参加した。
English: He and a bugyo of the Toyotomi family, Mitsunari ISHIDA, carried out a cadastral survey together in Satsuma Province.
Japanese: また、豊臣家の奉行石田三成とともに薩摩国の検地を行ったりもしている。
English: In 1595, he received a fief of 3,000 koku in Osumi Province (later that fief was changed to Echizen Fuchu).
Japanese: 文禄4年（1595年）には大隅国（のち越前府中に移封）に3000石を加増された。
English: On the other hand, he also had a good relationship with Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and became closer to him after Hideyoshi's death in 1598.
Japanese: 一方、徳川家康とも親交があり、慶長3年（1598年）に秀吉が死去すると家康に接近した。
English: In June 1600, Tadaoki led his forces to join Ieyasu's Campaign in Aizu against Kagekatsu UESUGI, leaving Yusai with less than 500 men to protect Tango Tanabe Castle.
Japanese: 慶長5年（1600年）6月、忠興が家康の会津（上杉景勝）征伐に軍勢を引きつれて参加し、幽斎は500に満たない手勢で丹後田辺城(丹後国)を守る。
English: In July, Mitsunari ISHIDA and other vassals under Hideyoshi raised an army against Ieyasu, and surrounded by this army in Osaka, Tadaoki's wife Gracia set their residence on fire and took her own life.
Japanese: 7月、石田三成らが家康討伐の兵を挙げ、大坂にあった忠興夫人・ガラシャは包囲された屋敷に火を放って自殺した。
English: Although Tango Tanabe Castle was surrounded by an army of 15000 solders led by Shigekatsu ONOGI and Shigekatsu MAEDA, the resistance of the besieged army led by Yusai was severe, and there were many of Yusai's poetry students among the besiegers who were reluctant to fight, so the battle became a prolonged struggle.
Japanese: 田辺城は小野木重勝、前田茂勝らが率いる1万5000人の大軍に包囲されたが、幽斎が指揮する籠城軍の抵抗は激しく、また攻囲軍の中に幽斎の歌道の弟子も多く戦闘意欲が乏しかったこともあり長期戦となった。
English: One of his students in poetry, Prince Hachijonomiya Toshihito, tried twice to make peace proposals (in July and August), but Yusai declined them and kept his army locked up in the castle.
Japanese: 幽斎の歌道の弟子である八条宮智仁親王は7月、8月の二度にわたって講和を働きかけたが、幽斎はこれを謝絶して籠城戦を継続。
English: He gave the Kokinshu Shomeijo as a gift to Prince Hachijonomiya and presented the Genjisho and Nijuichidai Wakashu to the Imperial Court by way of a messenger.
Japanese: 使者を通じて古今集証明状を八条宮に贈り、源氏抄と二十一代和歌集を朝廷に献上した。
English: In the end, due to Prince Hachijonomiya's request to his brother Emperor Goyozei, Michikatsu NAKANOIN, Mitsuhiro KARASUMARU, and Saneki SANJONISHI were sent to Tango Tanabe Castle as Imperial messengers and on September 13th, just two days before the Battle of Sekigahara, a peace was made by Imperial order.
Japanese: ついに八条宮が兄・後陽成天皇に奏請したことにより中院通勝、烏丸光広、三条西実枝が勅使として田辺城に下され、関ヶ原の戦いの2日前の9月13日、勅命による講和が結ばれた。
English: Yusai, ending a 2 month siege, handed over his castle and was taken to Tanba Kameyama Castle, the residence of his enemy Shigekatsu MAEDA.
Japanese: 幽斎は2ヶ月に及ぶ籠城戦を終えて9月18日に城を明け渡し、敵将である前田茂勝の丹波亀山城に入った。
English: At the Battle of Sekigahara, Tadaoki, his son and heir, fought in the front line against Mitsunari Ishida's army, and got a large fief of 399,000 koku in Kokura in Buzen Province, but Yusai spent the rest of his life in dignified retirement in Yoshida, Kyoto.
Japanese: 忠興は関ヶ原の戦いにおいて前線で石田三成の軍と戦い、戦後豊前国小倉藩39万9000石の大封を得たが、幽斎は京都吉田で悠々自適な晩年を送ったといわれている。
English: Yusai's 6,000 koku of land was divided up after his death, and half of it ended up leaving the Hosokawa family to be inherited by Kyumu NAGAOKA (also known as Tadataka HOSOKAWA), grandson of Yusai and disinherited by his father Tadaoki, to support his retirement in Kyoto.
Japanese: 幽斎の所領6000石は死後に整理されたが、そのうち3000石分は慶長9年（1604年）に父忠興から廃嫡された幽斎孫の長岡休無（細川忠隆）への細川家からの京都隠居料として相続された形となった。
English: His grave is at Tenjuan Temple, a Tacchu temple of Zuiryuzan Taihei Kokoku Nanzen-ji Temple in Nanzenji Fukuchi-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto.
Japanese: 京都市左京区南禅寺福地町の瑞竜山太平興国南禅寺の搭頭寺院である天授庵に墓がある。
English: There is also a mausoleum to him where the Taisho-ji Temple once stood in the Tatsuta Nature Park in Kurokami, Kumamoto City, where his descendants after Tadatoshi HOSOKAWA, Tadaoki's son, ruled as feudal lords of the 540,000-koku Kumamoto fief in Higo Province
Japanese: 忠興の子・細川忠利以降、子孫は肥後国熊本藩54万石の藩主となったため、熊本市黒髪の立田自然公園（泰勝寺跡）にも廟所がある。
English: There is a story that while he was living a roaming life with Yoshiaki after the Eiroku Incident, they were so desperately poor that they found it hard even to get lantern oil, and were forced to pilfer oil from Shinto shrines.
Japanese: 永禄の変の後、義昭に従って流寓していたころ、貧窮して灯篭の油にさえ事欠くほどで、仕方なく社殿から油を頂戴するほどであったという。
English: When he followed Nobunaga ODA as his vassal, he received Nagaoka in Yamashiro, and for a time he called himself Nagaoka.
Japanese: 織田信長に臣従したときに山城国長岡を拝領し長岡（ながおか）を称した。
English: He reverted to his former family name of Hosokawa after the Battle of Sekigahara, and from that time, the surname Nagaoka was given to some family members and chief vassals as another important name for the Hosokawa clan.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いの後は細川氏に復し、以後長岡姓は細川別姓として一門・重臣に授けられた。
English: Yusai was one of the greatest men of culture of his time, who mastered many martial and cultural arts such as swordsmanship, waka poetry, and the tea ceremony.
Japanese: 幽斎は、剣術等の武芸百般、和歌、茶道等を修める当代随一の教養人でもあった。
English: He showed a natural aptitude for the martial arts, for example, learning swordsmanship from Bokuden TSUKAHARA, getting a license of Japanese archery from Sadahiro HAHAKABE/Sadahiro HOKABE and from the Heki-ryu of the Sekka-ha school, and being given the transmission of Kyuba Kojitsu rule (of the Takeda School of Horseback Archery) from Nobutoyo TAKEDA, a lord of the Wakasa Takeda clan.
Japanese: 剣術は塚原卜伝に学び、波々伯部貞弘、日置流雪荷派から弓術の印可を、弓馬故実（武田流）を武田信豊(若狭武田氏)から相伝されるなど武芸にも高い素質を示した。
English: He also possessed amazing strength, and there is a story that he once grabbed and threw down a bull rushing down a road in Kyoto.
Japanese: 膂力も強く、京都の路上で突進してきた牛の角をつかみ投げ倒したという逸話もある。
English: He received the transmission of the Kokin Denju from Saneki SANJONISHI, and temporarily succeeded the orthodox Nijo-school style until he passed it back to Kinkuni SANJONISHI.
Japanese: 三条西実枝に古今伝授を受け、三条西公国に伝えるまでの間、二条派正統を一時期仮に継承した。
English: He was the only successor of the Kokin Denju at that time, and it is said that Emperor Goyozei was afraid the Kokin Denju might be lost at the Battle of Sekigahara, and that this was why he helped Yusai with the Imperial order.
Japanese: 当時唯一の古今伝授の伝承者であり、関ヶ原の戦いのときに後陽成天皇が勅命で幽斎を助けたのも古今伝授が途絶える事を恐れたためと言われる。
English: His pupils included Emperor Goyozei's brother Prince Hachijonomiya Toshihito, and court nobles like Michikatsu NAKANOIN and Mitsuhiro KARASUMARU; Teitoku MATSUNAGA and Choshoshi KINOSHITA also received instruction from Yusai.
Japanese: 門人には後陽成天皇の弟・八条宮智仁親王、公家の中院通勝、烏丸光広などがおり、また松永貞徳、木下長嘯子らも幽斎の指導を受けた。
English: Yoshihisa SHIMAZU, who had known Yusai since the days of his service to Yoshiaki, was one of those who tried to receive the Kokin Denju from Yusai in person.
Japanese: 島津義久は幽斎から直接古今伝授を受けようとした一人であり、幽斎が義昭に仕えていた頃から交流があった。
English: In the Taisho Period, the Kokin Denju-no-ma House where Prince Hachijonomiya received the Kokin Denju from Yusai was moved to the Suizenji Jojuen Garden built by Tadatoshi Hosokawa, a grandson of Yusai who became lord of Kumamoto domain.
Japanese: 八条宮が幽斎から古今伝授を受けた「古今伝授の間」は、幽斎の孫で熊本藩主となった細川忠利が造営した水前寺成趣園（熊本市）に大正時代に移築されている。
English: Mitsuhide AKECHI, a close friend of his, also had only one wife and no concubines.
Japanese: 親友ともいえる明智光秀も同じく、正室ひとりにとどめて側室を置かなかった。
English: Hideki YUKAWA (January 23, 1907-September 8, 1981) was a theoretical physical scientist in Japan.
Japanese: 湯川秀樹（ゆかわひでき、明治40年（1907年）1月23日-昭和56年（1981年）9月8日）は、日本の理論物理学者。
English: Contributed to the development of nuclear and particle physics by advocating the meson theory, he became the first Japanese to win the Nobel Prize in 1949.
Japanese: 中間子論の提唱などで原子核・素粒子物理学の発展に大きな功績をあげ、1949年、日本人として初めてのノーベル賞を受賞した。
English: He was born in 1907 to a geological scientist Takuji OGAWA and his wife Koyuki as their third son in Ichibei-cho Town, Azabu Ward, Tokyo City (present Minato Ward (Tokyo Prefecture)).
Japanese: 1907年、東京市麻布区市兵衛町（現・港区(東京都)）に地質学者・小川琢治・小雪夫妻の三男として生まれる。
English: Following his father Takuji's position as professor of Kyoto Imperial University (present Kyoto University), his family moved to Kyoto City in 1908.
Japanese: 1908年、父・琢治の京都帝国大学教授就任に伴い、一家で京都市に移住する。
English: He lived in Kyoto Prefecture from the age of one until graduating from university, and lived in Osaka Prefecture and Nishinomiya City, Hyogo Prefecture for a short period after graduation; he spent the greater part of his life in Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 1歳から大学までは京都、大学を出て一時大阪や西宮市にいたこともあるが人生の大半は京都で過ごしたことになる。
English: YUKAWA wrote in his autobiography, "The days after we moved to Kyoto can be recollected but those before Kyoto cannot be. Therefore, Kyoto may be called my hometown."
Japanese: 湯川は自伝に「私の記憶は京都に移った後から始まる。やはり京都が私の故郷ということになるのかもしれない」と記している。
English: His grandfather Komakitsu OGAWA was originally a samurai (warrior) of the Kishu Domain with a great store of knowledge of Sinology, who studied Western studies after the Meiji period, and continued to subscribe to the London Times until his later years.
Japanese: 祖父・駒橘は元紀州藩の武士であり、漢学の素養は豊富で、明治以後は洋学を学び晩年までずっとロンドンタイムスを購読し続けた人物であるという。
English: There is a stone monument showcasing the birthplace of Konosuke MATSUSHITA, a businessman from Wakayama Prefecture, in MATSUSHITA's hometown, whose title was written by YUKAWA as a person from the same province.
Japanese: 和歌山県出身の実業家松下幸之助の郷里に「松下幸之助君生誕の地」の石碑があり、題字は同郷ということで湯川の筆によって書かれたものである。