nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Tannan ITO, with whom Sensai kept friendship disregarding age differences, wrote a book 'Rojin Danwa' which contains everyday dialogues of Sensai.
Japanese: 専斎の忘年の友である伊藤坦庵が、専斎の日常談話を記録した「老人雑話」がある。
English: Hidekiyo OGASAWARA was a military commander and a scholar of ancient courtly traditions and etiquette in the Warring States period and the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 小笠原秀清（おがさわらひできよ）は戦国時代から安土桃山時代にかけての武将・有職故実家。
English: Hidekiyo was generally known by the name Shosai OGASAWARA and as a person who assisted Hosokawa Garasha in dying.
Japanese: 一般には小笠原少斎の名で、細川ガラシャを介錯した人物として知られる。
English: The Kyoto Ogasawara family, the house he was born, was branched from the Shinano Ogasawara family, the head family of the Ogasawara clan, in the early Muromachi period, and served the Muromachi bakufu as a palace guard in Kyoto for generations.
Japanese: 生家の京都小笠原氏は、室町時代初期に小笠原宗家（信濃小笠原氏）から分かれ、代々京都で奉公衆として室町幕府に仕えていた。
English: On June 27, 1565, his father Tanekiyo died in the Eiroku Battle with the lord Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA as Yoshiteru's attendant.
Japanese: 父の稙盛は足利義輝の近習であったが、永禄8年（1565年）5月19日の永禄の変で義輝と共に討死した。
English: Hidekiyo became a lordless warrior after the battle, and later, he was received as a guest by Yusai HOSOKAWA (also known as Fujitaka) in Tango Province and granted a stipend of 500 koku of rice (1 koku weighs about 150kg).
Japanese: 秀清は変の後に浪人となったが、後年丹後国で細川幽斎の客分となり、500石を給された。
English: After that, he took tonsure and assumed a Buddhist name Shosai, presumably in 1582 or 1596, about the same time as Yusai's tonsure.
Japanese: 後に剃髪して少斎と号したが、その時期は藤孝と同時の天正10年（1582年）とも、慶長元年（1596年）ともいう。
English: When Tadaoki HOSOKAWA took part in conquering the Aizu region in July 1600, Hidekiyo, who was a chief retainer to Tadaoki, was ordered to keep the Tadaoki's Osaka residence with Kazunari KAWAKITA IWAMI, Sukenao INADOME and others during the absence of the lord.
Japanese: 慶長5年（1600年）6月、細川忠興が会津征伐に従軍すると、家老であった秀清は、河喜多（川北）石見一成、稲富祐直らとともに大坂屋敷の留守居を命じられた。
English: On July 16, a messenger was sent from Mitsunari ISHIDA to prompt them to have a wife of Tadaoki, Hosokawa Garasha, come to Osaka-jo Castle, but Hidekiyo rejected that.
Japanese: 7月16日、ガラシャの大坂城登城を促す石田三成方の使者が来るが、秀清らはこれを拒絶。
English: On July 17, the next day, when the army of Ishida enveloped the Osaka residence, Hidekiyo took a long sword and stabbed Garasha in the chest to death.
Japanese: 翌17日、石田方の兵に屋敷を囲まれると、秀清はガラシャの胸を長刀で突き介錯した。
English: Sukenao INADOME, on the other hand, escaped from the residence led by his disciples in artillery who were in the Ishida's army; this aroused the displeasure of Tadaoki HOSOKAWA later.
Japanese: 稲富は包囲方に加わっていた砲術の弟子の手引きで逃亡したため、後に忠興の勘気を蒙ることになった。
English: The Kyoto Ogasawara family, Hidekiyo's home, was the archery and horsemanship instructor to shogun for generations in the Muromachi period and played a main role in the study of ancient courtly traditions and etiquette.
Japanese: ところで、生家の京都小笠原氏は室町幕府において代々将軍の弓馬師範を務める家柄であり、有職故実の中心的存在であった。
English: It is supposed that Hidekiyo was engaged in the study of protocols for military families, which is proved by Ninagawa family documents that contain a transcription of a record of the oral transmission from Hidekiyo as one of the documents about the protocol for military families.
Japanese: 秀清も武家故実に関与していたようで、蜷川家文書の武家故実に関するものには秀清の口伝本を書写したものがある。
English: Documents including the book transmitting the essence of archery in the Heki-ryu Sekka-ha school describe that the founder Sekka YOSHIDA received instruction in protocol for military families from Hidekiyo.
Japanese: また弓術の日置流雪荷派の伝書などには、始祖の吉田雪荷は秀清から故実を伝授されたとの記述がある。
English: Nagasada (also known as Nagamoto), the heir of Hidekiyo, married Tama, who was a niece of Tadaoki and a daughter of Kaneharu YOSHIDA by her real mother Iyo, who was a daughter of Yusai HOSOKAWA.
Japanese: 嫡男長貞（長基）には、忠興の姪で吉田兼治息女たま（生母は藤孝息女伊与）が嫁した。
English: Nagasada (also known as Yosaburo and Gyobu Nyudo Genya), another son of Hidekiyo, married Miya, who was a daughter of Okiyoshi KAGAYAMA, a chief retainer of the Hosokawa family.
Japanese: 長定（与三郎・刑部入道玄也）には、細川家重臣の加賀山興良の息女みやが嫁した。
English: Okiyoshi was martyred on November, 20, 1619 in Kitaku in Kokura as a Christian.
Japanese: 興良はキリシタンで、元和(日本)5年（1619年）10月15日小倉北区で殉教。
English: The family of Nagasada was Christian, which had been kept secret for a long time, while they had been forced to abandon their beliefs.
Japanese: 玄也一家もキリシタンであり棄教を迫られ続けたものの、その後も長らく秘匿されていた。
English: When the domain of the Hosokawa family was transferred, the family of Nagasada moved to Kumamoto City; however, the fact that the family of Nagasada was Christian was reported to bakufu through the Nagasaki magistrate that received the information from a betrayer--after all, Nagasada was martyred with his family and followers in Zenjoji Temple in Kumamoto on January 30, 1636.
Japanese: 細川家の移封に従い熊本市に移るが、長崎奉行への密告があって幕府に露見したため、寛永12年12月22日（1636年1月30日）、熊本禅定寺において家族・従者と共に殉教した。
English: On June 1, 2007, it was decided that Nagasada, his family and followers were to be beatified.
Japanese: 平成19年（2007）6月1日、家族・従者ともに福者に列せられることが決定した。
English: Eizaburo ONOE is a hereditary family name for an actor of Kabuki, a Japanese traditional theatrical drama.
Japanese: 尾上榮三郎（おのええいざぶろう、新字体：栄三郎）は歌舞伎役者の名跡。
English: For Kabuki actors, the name 'Matataro' is used in two different hereditary family names 'Matataro YAMASHITA' and 'Matataro BANDO.'
Japanese: 歌舞伎の上で又太郎の名は山下又太郎と坂東又太郎の2種類の名跡が存在する。
English: Naoka ANDO (1786 - May 5, 1826) was the 15th lord of the Kii Tanabe Domain in Kii Province.
Japanese: 安藤直馨（あんどうなおか、天明6年（1786年）-文政9年3月29日(旧暦)（1826年5月5日））は、紀伊国紀伊田辺藩の第15代当主。
English: As the former domain lord, Naonori ANDO died, he was adopted to take over the position of family head.
Japanese: 文政6年（1823年）、先代当主の安藤直則が死去したため、養子となって家督を継ぐ。
English: Naozumi NAKAE (dates unknown) was a busho (Japanese military commander) and feudal lord during the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 中江直澄（なかえなおずみ、生没年不詳）は、安土桃山時代の武将、大名。
English: In 1590, in the Siege of Odawara, he participated in the army attacking Shinobu-jo Castle headed by commander in chief Mitsunari ISHIDA.
Japanese: 天正18年（1590年）、小田原の役の際は石田三成を総大将とした忍城の攻めに参加。
English: In 1592, in the Bunroku Campaign of Korean Invasions, he took up a position in Nagoya-jo Castle in Hizen Province and concurrently belonged to the rear guard unit of the east side second citadel and the gatekeeper unit of the front and rear gates of the keep.
Japanese: 文禄2年（1592年）、朝鮮の役では肥前国名護屋城に在陣し、東二の丸御後備衆、本丸裏表御門番衆に連名。
English: In the Battle of Sekigahara, he stayed in Osaka-jo Castle with Munekatsu KAWAGUCHI and started to join the East Camp, but he was persuaded by Nagamori MASHITA and Masaie NATSUKA (also known as Masaie NAGATSUKA) out of joining the East Camp, therefore, he joined the West Camp against his will and participated in the attack on Anotsu-jo Castle and the like - as the West Camp was defeated, his fief was confiscated and, together with Munekatsu KAWAGUCHI, he was kept in custody in Masamune DATE until he was pardoned in 1603.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いに際しては、川口宗勝と大坂城におり東軍に味方するつもりで出立したが、増田長盛、長束正家に留められ、心ならずも西軍に属し、安濃津城攻めなどに参加した為、所領を没収され、川口宗勝とともに伊達政宗に預けられるが、慶長8年（1603年）に許される。
English: MINAMOTO no Tsunemitsu (year of birth unknown - April 28, 1146) was a samurai, who lived during the latter Heian period.
Japanese: 源経光（みなもとのつねみつ、生年未詳-久安2年3月9日(旧暦)（1146年4月21日））は、平安時代後期の武士。
English: According to an article in "Honcho seiki" (Chronicle of Imperial Reigns), in the late evening of April 28, 1146 when the residence of his cousin, Imperial Princess Kanshi (the fifth Imperial Princess of Emperor Shirakawa) was burned down due to lightning strike, he tried to beat off the growling thunder with a hyojo (deadly weapon) in his hand and he was struck by lightning just in the moment of grand discharge and got electrocuted.
Japanese: 久安2年（1146年）3月9日の夜半に経光の従兄妹にあたる官子内親王（白河天皇第五皇女）の邸宅が落雷により焼失した際、兵仗を手に執り轟く雷を追い払おうとしたところ邸に雷が落ちて震死（感電死）したとの記事が『本朝世紀』にみえている。
English: Although the details of the incident was unknown, in the article of the next day, there is a comment on the spread of the rumor, in which that he was said to received divine punishment due to his discourtesy related to Tsunemitsu's management in the clerical work at Takebe-taisha Shrine in Omi Province (although, it is not known the exact background nor details).
Japanese: 事件の詳細については不明であるが、同書翌日条には経光が近江国建部大社の社務（具体的な経緯・詳細は不明）を執行した際に非法を行ったことから神罰が下ったとの噂が流布したとある。
English: It is also said that on that day of the incident, his wife was just next to him but she was miraculously unhurt, and Imperial Princess Kanshi escaped in safety to the residence of FUJIWARA no Sadanobu.
Japanese: また、事件当日は経光の妻も側にあったが彼女は奇跡的に無事であり、官子内親王も無事で近隣の藤原定信宅に避難したという。
English: According to "Honcho seiki," there is a description about the hyojo he was carrying, as 'it is commonly called naginata,' and it is supposed that this was the first appearance of naginata (Japanese halberd) in a document.
Japanese: なお、『本朝世紀』にはこの経光の所持していた兵仗に対し「俗に之奈木奈多と号す」との記述があり、薙刀の初見とされている。
English: MIYOSHI no Nagahira (1168 - May 3, 1244) was a court official during the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 三善長衡（みよしのながひら、仁安(日本)3年（1168年）-寛元2年3月25日(旧暦)（1244年5月3日）は、鎌倉時代初期の官人。
English: He successively filled official positions including the doctor of mathematics, an official at the Tax Bureau, the Chief Food Inspector, and the governor of Mutsu Province, while serving initially the regent house and later the Saionji family as a house steward, and in the Saionji family, he was trusted by Kintsune SAIONJI to manage the estates of the family.
Japanese: 算博士・主税寮・主税頭・陸奥国国司などの官職を歴任する一方で、当初は摂関家、後に西園寺家の家司となり、西園寺公経の信任を受けて同家の所領経営などにあたる。
English: When Kintsune was caught by Retired Emperor Gotoba immediately before the Jokyu War, Nagahira secretly sent a messenger to the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) to inform that the Retired Emperor killed Kyoto military governor Mitsusue IGA and schemed to raise an army.
Japanese: 承久の乱開戦直前に後鳥羽上皇によって公経が囚われると、秘かに鎌倉に使者を送って、上皇の挙兵計画と京都守護伊賀光季の殺害を知らせた。
English: Also, it is recorded that when the army of the Kamakura bakufu came across the Yodo River, he guided the army into Kyoto.
Japanese: また、鎌倉幕府が淀川を越えると京都入りの手引きをしたと伝えられている。
English: MIYOSHI no Yasutsura (1193 - October 22, 1256) was a personal retainer to the shogun in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and judicial official during the first half of the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 三善康連（みよしのやすつら、建久4年（1193年）－康元元年10月3日(旧暦)（1256年10月22日））は、鎌倉時代前期の鎌倉幕府御家人・法曹官僚。
English: Due to his knowledge of laws and institutions including the legal code, he was given an important position together with his nephews Yasumochi MACHINO and Tomoshige YANO early on.
Japanese: 律令などの法制に通じて早くから甥の町野康持・矢野倫重らとともに重んじられた。
English: He was given stewardship for half of the land of Ota no sho, Sera district, Bingo Province, from his father so that he possessed the land of Kuwabarakata in Ota no sho (present Seracho, Hiroshima prefecture).
Japanese: 父から備後国世羅郡太田荘の半分の地頭職を譲られ、同荘桑原方（現在の広島県世羅町）を所領する。
English: In 1225, Yasutsura led the proclamation of 'Goseibai shikimoku,' according to a description in "Azumakagami."
Japanese: 貞永元年（1225年）に御成敗式目が制定された際に康連が中心人物であったことは、『吾妻鏡』にも見える。
English: In January 1234, he was appointed secretary of the Ministry of Popular Affairs and conferred Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade, in recognition for his services in maintenance of the Kamigamo shrine.
Japanese: 天福(日本)元年（1233年）12月に上賀茂神社修造の功績によって民部大丞に任じられ、更に従五位下に叙せられる。
English: In November 1246, he was appointed the fourth head of the Board of Inquiry to replace his nephew Yasumochi who lost his position in the Kangen Incident in the same year, and filled the position until October 24, 1256, immediately before his death.
Japanese: 寛元4年（1246年）の寛元の乱で甥の康持が失脚したために、同年8月に替わって問注所執事（第4代）に任じられて、死の直前の康元元年9月28日まで務めた。
English: Kunimichi KITAGAKI (September 17, 1836 - January 16, 1916) was a statesman and baron of the Meiji period.
Japanese: 北垣国道（きたがきくにみち、天保7年8月7日(旧暦)（1836年9月17日）-大正5年（1916年）1月16日）は、明治時代の政治家、男爵。
English: When Kitagaki assumed the position of governor of Kyoto Prefecture, the town of Kyoto was losing its liveliness as an urban community because of population drain to Tokyo, Osaka and so on, which was caused by the transfer of the capital to Tokyo, and so on; and also because of industrial recession.
Japanese: 北垣が京都府知事に着任した頃の京都の街は、東京遷都などにより東京や大阪などへの人口流出、産業衰退により、都市としての活力が失われつつあった。
English: Kitagaki planned, as a measure to promote industries in Kyoto, the construction of Lake Biwa Canal for irrigation, water supply, water transport and powering water wheels by building a canal between Lake Biwa and Kyoto.
Japanese: 北垣は、京都の勧業政策として琵琶湖から京都までの疏水建設によって、灌漑、上水道、水運、水車の動力を目的とした琵琶湖疏水を計画した。
English: The design work for the canal was advanced by Sakuro TANABE, a graduate of the Imperial College of Engineering (later Faculty of Engineering, the University of Tokyo) and an engineer of Kyoto Prefecture; it was completed in four years and eight months of major construction works.
Japanese: 疏水の設計は工部大学校（後の東京大学工学部）を卒業した京都府技師の田辺朔郎が進め、4年8ヶ月の大工事で完成させた。
English: He went on an inspection tour of the United States while the construction works were in progress, and he introduced hydroelectric system which had not been in the original plan; he built Keage Power Plant, Japan's first hydroelectric power station for business use, and in 1895, commercial operation of Japan's first streetcar (Kyoto Electric Railway) started in the section between Kyoto and Fushimi.
Japanese: 工期途中で視察のためアメリカ合衆国を訪れた田辺は、当初の計画になかった水力発電を取り入れ、日本初の営業用水力発電所となる蹴上発電所を建設し、1895年には京都・伏見間で日本初となる路面電車（京都電気鉄道）の営業運転が始まることとなった。
English: The harbor of Hakodate Port, which had been shallow since long before, had deposition of sediments so that it became impossible for large vessels to reach the shore; in 1892, in response to the submission of "Proposal for dredging and repairs of Hakodate Harbor and construction of a dock," a request for repairs of Hakodate Harbor, Kitagaki directed dredging work of the harbor and construction of sand control dyke, breakwater and lighthouse as well as improvement works including construction of a wharf by reclaiming land from the sea.
Japanese: 1892年（明治25年）、もともと港湾部が浅かった上に土砂の堆積が重なって大型船の接岸が不可能になっていた函館港の改修についての要望書『函館港湾浚渫修築并ニ船渠設置意見上申書』の提出を受け、港内の浚渫や砂防堤・防波堤・灯台の設置、埋立てによる埠頭の建設などの改良工事を指示した。
English: In March 1894, when he was the director of the Hokkaido Government Office, he planned to build Hokkaido Government Railway both for colonization and defense of Hokkaido.
Japanese: 北海道庁長官時代の1894年（明治27年）3月、北海道の拓殖と防備を兼ねて北海道官設鉄道を計画。
English: Tanabe conducted the investigation and directed the construction of the section between Sorachibuto (present day Takikawa City) and Asahikawa City in Kamikawa Line (a part of present-day Hakodate Main Line) in the beginning, and also other sections which later became parts of Soya Main Line and Nemuro Main Line.
Japanese: 田辺は上川線（現函館本線の一部）の空知太（現滝川市）〜旭川市間を手始めに、のちの宗谷本線、根室本線の一部となる区間の調査と建設指揮にあたった。
English: Financial resources for the construction of Lake Biwa Canal were not only the finances of the country and Kyoto Prefecture, but also municipal bonds, contributions, and special-purpose tax on citizens; he worked hard together with citizens of the prefecture.
Japanese: 琵琶湖疏水建設は、国や京都府の財政支出のみならず、市債や寄付金などのほか、市民に対しての目的税をも財源とし、府民と一体となって取り組んだ。
English: He also devoted himself to establishment of Kyoto Chamber of Commerce and Industry and so on to contribute to the founding of the modern industrial city of Kyoto.
Japanese: さらに、京都商工会議所などの創設などに尽力し、近代産業都市としての京都建設に大いに貢献した。
English: Kitagaki is highly regarded, among successive governors of Kyoto Prefecture, by many political or business leaders of today's Kyoto.
Japanese: 現在の京都の政財界において、歴代京都府知事の中で北垣を高く評価する人々が多い。
English: The story of the construction of Lake Biwa Canal, which Kitagaki and Tanabe had worked together hand-in-hand, was once on an elementary school textbook of social studies published by Osaka Shoseki Co., Ltd.
Japanese: 田辺と二人三脚で挑んだ琵琶湖疏水工事の物語が大阪書籍の小学校社会科教科書に掲載されていた。
English: Kunitsugu YASUDA (1556 - July 16, 1597) was a military commander during the Warring States period and Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 安田国継（やすだくにつぐ、弘治(日本)2年(1556年)-慶長2年6月2日(旧暦)（1597年7月16日））は戦国時代(日本)、安土桃山時代の武将。
English: Naritoshi (also known as Ranmaru) MORI intercepted him, piecing him with a cross-shaped spear in the abdomen, but he managed to kill Naritoshi, which was part of the distinguished service he rendered in the battle.
Japanese: 行く手を阻んだ森成利(蘭丸)に十文字槍で下腹部を突かれるも成利を討ち取るなど功を挙げた。
English: He successively served Hidekatsu HASHIBA, Hidenaga HASHIBA, and Ujisato GAMO, and finally, employed by Nagayoshi MORI, who was an older brother of Naritoshi he killed, in recognition of his bravery.
Japanese: 羽柴秀勝、羽柴秀長、蒲生氏郷と仕えた後、かつて討った成利の兄である森長可に武勇を見込まれて召抱えられる。
English: His name appears as a messenger between the Toyotomi family and the Tachibana family during the warfare of the Bunroku-Keicho eras in the Toyotomi's Korean invasion campaigns.
Japanese: 文禄・慶長の役では豊臣家と立花家の間に立った使者として何度か名前が見える。
English: Shigetsuna SASAKI was a military commander during the early to middle Kamakura period.
Japanese: 佐々木重綱（ささきしげつな）は、鎌倉時代前期から中期にかけての武将。
English: He served the Kamakura bakufu; in the Jokyu War, he joined the army of Yasutoki HOJO going up east to enter Kyoto with his father, and in the battle of Ujigawa, he distinguished himself by leading the van of the army.
Japanese: 鎌倉幕府に仕え、承久の乱では父と共に北条泰時の東上軍に従って入京し、宇治川の戦いでは先陣を務める武功を挙げた。
English: In 1242 when his father died, he came into conflict with his younger brother Yasutsuna SASAKI who had handed over a fief and succeeded the family property from their father during their father's lifetime; in 1243, he instituted a suit against the bakufu over this matter, and Shigetsuna was granted a fief owned by Yasutsuna in Omi Province by the bakufu.
Japanese: しかし仁治3年（1242年）に父が死去すると、父の生前に家督と所領を譲られていた弟の佐々木泰綱と抗争し、寛元元年（1243年）には幕府に対して訴訟を起こし、幕府により泰綱の近江国内における所領を譲り受けている。
English: MINAMOTO no Sukekata (1113 - April 1, 1188) was a Kugyo (the top court official) and gagakuka (musician of old Japanese court music), who lived during the late Heian period.
Japanese: 源資賢（みなもとのすけかた、永久(元号)元年（1113年）-文治4年2月26日(旧暦)（1188年3月25日））は、平安時代末期の公卿・雅楽家。
English: However, in July 1162, he was exiled to Shinano Province for having cursed Emperor Nijo, and two yeas later he was recalled.
Japanese: しかし、翌年6月に二条天皇を呪詛した罪で信濃国に流罪になるが、2年後に召還された。
English: There is a famous anecdote related to this occasion as follows: to the Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, who said to him 'As you were living a country life, you have forgotten music, haven't you?' he replied reciting a verse of imayo (popular style of song in Heian period) that originally reads, 'The river along the Kisoji Road which is supposed to be in deep Shinano,' by changing it slightly as, 'The river along the Kisoji Road which surely exists in deep Shinano,' (recorded in "Jikkinsho" [Miscellany of Ten Maxims], "Heike Monogatari" [The Tale of the Heike], etc.).
Japanese: その際、後白河院に「田舎住まいで音曲など忘れただろう」という問いに対して、「信濃にあんなる木曽路河」という今様を「信濃に有し木曽路河」と謡い替えた逸話は有名（『十訓抄』『平家物語』などに記載）。
English: In 1174, when an imayoawase (competition of poem making) was held, he served as a judge with FUJIWARA no Moronaga.
Japanese: 承安(日本)4年（1174年）の今様合において藤原師長とともに判者を務めた。
English: In 1179, he became Gon Dainagon (provisional major councilor of state), however, due to Coup d'etat of TAIRA no Kiyomori (Coup of the Third Year of Jisho), he was dismissed in December 1179.
Japanese: 治承3年（1179年）権大納言になるが、同年11月の平清盛のクーデター（治承三年の政変）によって解官された。
English: Senmatsumaru SOGO (1575 - August 11, 1589) was a son of Masayasu SOGO.
Japanese: 十河千松丸（そごうせんまつまる、天正3年（1575年）-天正17年（1589年）7月）は、十河存保の子。
English: In 1587, Masayasu SOGO met a heroic end in the battle of Hetsugigawa, leaving word to his vassal 'Senmatsumaru has not had an audience with Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI yet. Be sure to have him have an audience with Hideyoshi after my death, to succeed me and carry on the name of the SOGO family.'
Japanese: 天正14年（1587年）、戸次川の戦いに参戦していた父の存保は「まだ千松丸は豊臣秀吉に謁見してない。自分が亡くなったら必ず秀吉に謁見させ、十河家を存続させるように」と家臣に伝えて、壮絶な戦死を遂げた。
English: After the death of Masayasu, however, his fief of 20,000 koku (1 koku is about 150kg of rice) was confiscated, and Chikamasa IKOMA who was granted the fief brought up Senmatsumaru in his residence, allowing Senmatsumaru merely 3,000 koku for small expenses.
Japanese: 存保の戦死により2万石の領地は没収され、その後同地に入った生駒親正は鼻紙代と称し3000石のみ与え、千松丸は親正の元で養育された。
English: When Senmatsumaru grew up, it was arranged to have him have an audience with Hideyoshi, but accompanied by Chikamasa IKOMA and Chikamasa's nephew Uneme OTSUKA.
Japanese: 成長後、豊臣秀吉との謁見の席が設けられたが、そこには親正とその甥の大塚釆女が同席していた。
English: Hideyoshi was pleased to meet Senmatsumaru and said that Senmatsumaru appeared to be as capable as Masayasu and that he expected Senmatsumaru to grow up to be a brave warlord, but was displeased at such treatment for Senmatsumaru as having given him merely 3,000 koku.
Japanese: 秀吉は、千松丸の器量は父親に劣らず早く大人になって立派な武将になるようにと言って喜び、3000石しか領地を与えていないことには不服であったといわれる。
English: Senmatsumaru's remaining retainers and people living in his fief mourned over his death and held a memorial service for Senmatsumaru and his father with a song 'Father risked his life for the sake of his son Senmatsumaru – Be a brave man, my son.'
Japanese: 遺臣や領民たちは嘆き悲しみ「命すつるも子ゆえにすたれ　けなげなれとよ　千松丸」と唄い、十河父子の菩提を弔ったという。
English: Takakazu SEKI (c. March, 1642 - December 5, 1708) was an Edo-period mathematician (of Japanese-style mathematics, called "wasan").
Japanese: 関孝和（せきたかかず、寛永19年（1642年）3月?-宝永5年10月24日(旧暦)（1708年12月5日））は、日本の江戸時代の和算家（数学者）である。
English: There are a variety of theories on the year of his birth, which seems to have been between 1635 and 1643, but none have conclusive proof.
Japanese: 生年は寛永12年（1635年）から寛永20年（1643年）の間で諸説あり、はっきりしない。
English: Two different theories exist as to his place of birth: one claims he was born in Fujioka in Kozuke Province (Fujioka City in Gunma Prefecture today), while the other asserts he was born in Edo (modern-day Tokyo).
Japanese: 上野国藤岡（現在の群馬県藤岡市）で生まれたとの説と、江戸（現在の東京都）で生まれたとの説がある。
English: Since his biological father moved from Fujioka to Edo in 1639, scholars assume that he must have been born in Fujioka if he was born prior to his father's move, or in Edo if he was born after his father moved.
Japanese: 実父が寛永16年に藤岡から江戸に移っているので、生年がそれ以前ならば生地は藤岡、それ以後なら生地は江戸と推測される。
English: This paucity of information is due to his adopted son Shinshichirohisayuki SEKI having suffered Ju-tsuiho (the most severe form of exile), which resulted in the ending of the Seki lineage.
Japanese: 養子である関新七郎久之が重追放になり、家が断絶したことが理由の一つである。
English: Takakazu served both Tsunashige TOKUGAWA and Tsunatoyo TOKUGAWA (Ienobu TOKUGAWA) of the Kofu domain in Kai Province (modern-day Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture) and became the Kanjoginmiyaku (a post within the Edo shogunate, whose duty was to support commissioners at the finance ministry).
Japanese: 甲斐国甲府藩（山梨県甲府市）の徳川綱重、徳川綱豊（徳川家宣）に仕え，勘定吟味役となる。
English: When Tsunatoyo became the sixth Shogun, Takakazu began working for the Edo shogunate and was appointed the Maruonando kumikashira (a job whose duty was to manage the assets belonging to the Shogun's family).
Japanese: 綱豊が6代将軍となると直参として江戸詰めととなり、西の丸御納戸組頭に任じられた。
English: He was involved in compiling the province-wide cadastral survey (known as "kuni ezu" in Japanese) for Kofu domain, and after working with the convoluted Juji Calendar he began looking for an opportunity to revise the calendar system, but once the Jokyo Calendar, developed by Harumi SHIBUKAWA, was created, he had no chance to make any noteworthy achievements with regards to the calendar.
Japanese: 甲府藩の国絵図の編纂に関わり、又改暦に備えて授時暦を深く研究して改暦の機会を窺っていたが、その後渋川春海によって貞享暦が作られ、暦学において功績を挙げることは適わなかった。
English: SEKI played an important role in starting the development of Japanese mathematics beyond the influence of Chinese mathematics
Japanese: 関は和算が中国の模倣を超えて独自の発展を始めるにあたって、重要な役割を果たした。
English: In particular, he conducted extensive research into the Tengen jutsu, an algebraic system (created in China in the thirteenth century) which saw extensive development in the Song, Jin, and Yuan Dynasties, and was able to make basic improvements to the system.
Japanese: 特に宋金元時代に大きく発展した天元術を深く研究し、根本的な改良を加えた。