nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: According to "Koyo Gunkan" (a record of the military exploits of the Takeda family), he left a will, `my death should be kept secret for three years, and my dead body shall be sunk into Lake Suwa' and also left his last word, `serve as koken (guardian) until Nobukatsu succeeded the position, and relyed on Kenshin UESUGI in Echigo Province,' to Katsuyori.
Japanese: 『甲陽軍鑑』によれば、信玄は遺言で「自身の死を3年の間は秘匿し、遺骸を諏訪湖に沈める事」や、勝頼に対しては「信勝継承までの後見として務め、越後の上杉謙信を頼る事」を言い残した。
English: He asked his senior vassals, Masakage YAMAGATA, Nobufusa BABA, Masatoyo Naito to look after his affairs after he died, and left his last words, `Genshiro, tomorrow, Place the Takeda's flag in Seta,' to YAMAGATA.
Japanese: 重臣の山県昌景や馬場信房、内藤昌豊らに後事を託し、山県に対しては「源四郎、明日は瀬田に（我が武田の）旗を立てよ」と言い残したという。
English: It is stated that sinking Shingen's dead body into Lake Suwa in Shingen's will was not true (according to "Gunkan," it was not implemented as a result of a discussion between his senior vassals).
Japanese: 信玄の遺言については、遺体を諏訪湖に沈めることなど事実で無いことが含まれている（『軍鑑』によれば、重臣の協議により実行されなかったという）。
English: Some issues were confirmed in historical materials in the period, while Shunroku SHIBATSUJI pointed out that the intent of Masanobu KOSAKA (Toratsuna KASUGA,) who was said to be the author of Gunkan, was reflected in the record.
Japanese: 信憑性に関しては軍鑑作者と言われる高坂昌信（春日虎綱）の意思が介在していることが指摘されている（柴辻俊六による）一方で、同時代史料で確認できるものある。
English: Katsuyori, who succeeded the family after Shingen died, followed Shingen's will, and kept the death of Shingen secret without performing a funeral.
Japanese: 信玄の死後に家督を相続した勝頼は遺言を守り、信玄の葬儀を行わずに死を秘匿している。
English: It has been orally handed down that Chogaku-ji Temple in Komaba or Enko-ji Temple at Iwakubo, Kofu was the location of Shingen's cremation.
Japanese: 駒場の長岳寺や甲府岩窪の円光院などには信玄の火葬地とする伝承がある。
English: It is said that a coffin on which Shingen's Kaimyo (posthumous Buddhist names) and the year and month of his death were inscribed was discovered in 1779 when the excavation was conducted, and it is believed that Shingen's remains were preserved after cremating his body just after his death.
Japanese: 円光院では安永8年（1779年）に甲府代官により発掘が行われて信玄の戒名と年月の銘文がある棺が発見されたと言われ、死の直後に火葬して遺骸を保管していたと考えられている。
English: According to Article 51 of "Koyo Gunkan" (record of the military exploits of the Takeda family), on April 12, 1575 (in old lunar calendar, which was May 31, 1575 in Gregorian calender), just before the Battle of Nagashino, Shingen's funeral ceremony was perfomed, and Kaisen Joki served as Daidoshi (who chants the prayers and essence of religious texts and leads the whole ceremony in Shuni-e (Omizutori, Water-Drawing Festival)) at the funeral ceremony.
Japanese: 葬儀は、『甲陽軍鑑』品51によれば長篠の戦いの直前にあたる天正3年（1575年）4月12日に恵林寺で弔いが行われており、快川紹喜が大導師を務め葬儀を行ったという。
English: Haruo UENO stated `On April 16, 1576 (in old lunar calneder, which was May 24, 1576 in Gregorian calender), three years after his death, Shingen's formal funeral was performed.'
Japanese: 上野晴朗はこれを「3年喪明けの葬儀で天正4年（1576年）4月16日に本葬を行った」としている。
English: However, some people say that the statement concerning the formal ceremony in 1576 was a mistake, and advocate that the formal ceremony was performed in 1576.
Japanese: しかし、この記事を天正4年（1576年）の本葬の誤記であるとする説もある。
English: It is considered that categorizing Takeda family based on system was quite difficult.
Japanese: 武田家臣団を制度的に分類する事は研究者の間でも意外と難しいとされる。
English: Because the Takeda family was transferred from being a provincial constable to daimyo during the Sengoku period, some systems remained Medieval, while other systems were revised for the needs of the new period.
Japanese: 武田家が守護から戦国大名になったと言う経緯から、中世的な部分が残る一方、時代に合わせて改変していった制度もある。
English: The influences of the first half of the Kamakura and Muromachi period and the latter half of the Muromachi are indistinctly mixed.
Japanese: 部分部分で鎌倉室町前期の影響と室町後期の時代の影響の両方がやや混然と存在しているためである。
English: However, the family that was promoted to Samurai-Daisho (commander of warriors) during shingen TAKEDA's generation, for example, Toratsuna KASUGA (Masanobu KOSAKA) is included in the Fudai kashin dan.
Japanese: ただし、春日虎綱（高坂昌信）のように武田信玄の代に侍大将に抜擢された家なども含まれる。
English: The term, Tozama, was not used during that period, but as a matter of practical convenience, it is used like this today.
Japanese: 同時代には外様と言う表現は使われていないが、現代では便宜的にこのように言われる。
English: They were called by their regional name such as Suwa shu (a group of vassals of the Suwa clan), Ueno shu (a group of vassals of the Ueno clan) and by the name of their feudal lord such as Sanada shu (a group of vassals of the Sanada clan).
Japanese: 当時は諏訪衆・上野衆と言った地域名、あるいは真田衆と言った領主名で呼ばれていた。
English: There are some groups including Mukawa shu (a group of samurai in Kai Province) that existed within Kai Province, and it is hard to determine whether those groups were Shingen's relatives or fudai (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) and whether they belonged to the Takeda clan or whether they had a relationship that bordered on being an alliance with the Takeda clan.
Japanese: 武川衆のように甲斐国内に存在した集団でありながら、親族とも譜代とも判別し難いのみならず、武田氏に服属していたのか同盟関係に近かったのかの判断が困難なグループがある。
English: Many of those groups are based on the main and branch family relationship, and are groups possessing their own features in a specific region.
Japanese: 多くは中世の本家分家的な関係を基礎としており、一定地域での独自色の強い集団であった。
English: On the other hand, according to "Jingo Kishomon" (written oath), people who should be categorized into Fudai kashin dan (a group of hereditary vassals) are categorized into `Takeda shinzoku shu' (a group which mainly consisted of siblings and relatives of Shingen Takeda).
Japanese: しかし、『壬午起請文』では譜代家臣団の中に入るべき人物が「武田親族衆」とされている部分もある。
English: According to Harunori Hattori, the term, `unrelated branch family' is used for those people, and the depth of one's relationship with the Takeda family determines whether the term, `unrelated branch family' would have been used for them.
Japanese: これらについて服部治則は「非血縁分家」と言う表現で武田家との関係の深度によるのではないかとしている。
English: Since the Takeda clan didn't have a centralized system, they didn't directly place orders towards the territory of a local lord (so-called Kokujin (local samurai)).
Japanese: ただし、武田氏は中央集権的な制度ではなかったため、在地領主（いわゆる国人）の領地に対しては直接指示を下せるわけではなかった。
English: The territories of the Anayama and Oyamada clan maintained an identity close to that of kokujin ryoshu (local samurai lord).
Japanese: 特に穴山・小山田両氏の領地は国人領主と言えるほどの独自性を維持している。
English: However, it doesn't seem that it was operated as a complete system, given that the names of some people assigned were not described.
Japanese: ただし、任命されていた人物の名が記されていない場合もあり、完全なシステムとしてこのように運営されていたわけではないようである。
English: It appears that these systems were revised as the territory was expanded and the chigyo system (enfeoffment system) was established.
Japanese: また、領地の拡大や知行制の浸透に伴い、これらの制度も変遷を行った様子が伺える。
English: Ashigaru tai sho (in charge of assisting Samurai-tai-sho and guarding the boundaries of territories)… further divided into Hatamoto tai sho (assistants to Samurai-tai-sho) that served and assisted Samurai tai sho (in charge of guard and departure for the front in a war) as Kenshi (inspector), and into Kasei tai sho (in charge of guarding on the boundaries of territories) who guarded the territorial boundaries.
Japanese: 足軽隊将…検使として侍隊将の補佐を勤める旗本隊将と、領地境界の番手警備を行う加勢隊将に別れる。
English: Some positions such as Gundai (Intendant of a region or administrator of a town) in the occupied territory obtained independent discretionary power, which, however was limited.
Japanese: また、占領地の郡代など、限定的ながら独自裁量権を持つ地位も存在する。
English: It was rarely to describe attacks against Suruga, and the castellan or Jodai (the keeper of castle) assumed the duty of Gundai.
Japanese: 駿河侵攻時にはあまり見られなくなっており、城主や城代がその役目を行うようになった。
English: However, in Takeda-related materials, the term, `Doshin shu' (Yoriko) is used in some parts instead of Yoriko.
Japanese: ただし、武田関連資料ではこの寄子に関して「同心衆」と言う表現をされる場所がある。
English: In addition, a group of local samurai that were an independent group which existed within Koshu and were related by blood, were considered to be the group that was under the rule of the Takeda clan.
Japanese: また、地域武士団は血縁関係によって結びついた甲州内に存続する独自集団であり、指揮系統的には武田氏直属であったと考えられている。
English: In some cases, the entire group was assigned to Shinzoku shu (a group which consisted of siblings and relatives) much like doshin (a police constable), depending on the group.
Japanese: 集団が丸ごと親族衆の下に同心の様に配されている場合もあり、必ずしも一定していない。
English: Mukawa shu (a group of samurai in Kai Province) was an example of a group of local samurai, which was prescribed earlier, and Kuishiki shu (a group of local samurai) which was assigned to the Oyamada clan, was an example of a group of local samurai which was prescribed later.
Japanese: 地域武士団の前者の例は先述の武川衆、後者の例は小山田氏に配属されていた九一色衆が上げられる。
English: Since some of Fudai kashin dan (a group of hereditary vassals) were doshin (a police constable) (Yoriko), Fudai kashin dan were not necessarily commanders of mass groups such as Yorioya.
Japanese: 譜代家臣団でありながら同心（寄子）である家もあるため、譜代家臣団が必ず寄親のような大部隊指揮官という訳ではない。
English: Some families from the so called The Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda carried the rank of Doshin, which meant that their reputation had nothing to do with placement to Yorioya.
Japanese: また、俗に言う武田二十四将の中にも同心格である家もあり、知名度とも関係はない。
English: Additionally, in some cases, a person who was considered to be Samurai-Daisho (commander of warriors) was assigned to Yorioya,
Japanese: それどころか侍大将とされている人物でも寄親の下に配されている場合もある。
English: Generally, Yorioya was often a family that owned a vast territory, and this earned them to right to speak as a landlord.
Japanese: 全体としては大きな領地を持っている一族である例が多く、地主的な発言権とは不可分であるようである。
English: On the other hand, some Yorioya, for example, a commander (Toratsuna KASUGA in in northern Shinano, Masatoyo Naito in Ueno) may have had authority to direct and lead large scale military forces, apart from their right over a territory.
Japanese: また、一方面指揮官（北信濃の春日虎綱や上野の内藤昌豊など）のように、領地とは別に大軍を指揮統率する権限を有している場合もある。
English: Under peacetime conditions, they owned territory as nanushi (village headman), and had direct subordinates that were known as `Mata hikan' (low-level bureaucrat) (the term that was described by the Takeda clan, which referred to the hikan (low-level bureaucrat) under hikan (low-level bureaucrat) in the region where he lived or in his territory.
Japanese: 平時には名主として領地を有し、居住する地域や領地の中に「又被官（武田氏から見た表現。被官の被官と言う意味）」と記される直属の部下を持つ。
English: Yoshikage MAGARIBUCHI was an example of complications arising from this issue, and he was ordered to be `Doshin' of Nobukata ITAGAKI even though he was `hikan of Shingen.'
Japanese: この複雑さを示す例として「信玄の被官」であり板垣信方の「同心」を命じられた曲淵吉景が挙げられる。
English: More precisely, he should not be regarded as Yoriko in terms of system, but in fact, was regarded as Yoriko as he was the Doshin of Nobutaka.
Japanese: 制度面で正確に言えば寄子としては扱われないはずであるが、信方の同心である以上は寄子として扱われている。
English: Since he was the hikan of Shingen, directions at the time of battle were given by Nobutaka while chigyo (enfeoffment) were given by Shingen.
Japanese: 信玄の被官である以上、知行は信玄から与えられる一方、合戦時の指示は信方から与えられる、と言う事になる。
English: MAGARIBUCHI shown in this example was the Doshin of someone else, but a person, who was considered to be Doshin and was directly assigned to Shingen, existed as well.
Japanese: この例の曲淵は他者の同心であるが、信玄直属の同心と言える立場の人物ももちろん存在していた。
English: However, it is hard to determine whether they were described in a word for word manner as in modern times.
Japanese: もっとも現代のように一字一句にこだわった表現が当時されていたかどうかは判断が難しい。
English: For military service registeries, if someone was described as `hikan, * clan' or `Doshin * clan,' he would be taken to be the hikan directly assigned to Shingen, and if someone was described as `* clan Doshin X clan,' he would be taken to be the Mata hikan of someone, which makes it possible to determine the meaning based on the order of words.
Japanese: 軍役帳などの場合、「被官〜氏」「同心〜氏」であれば信玄直属の被官、「〜氏同心××氏」でれば誰かの又被官と、前後の書かれ方で意味が通じるからである。
English: It can't be denied that picking words from modern books that are published today facilitated confusion.
Japanese: 現代発行される書籍などで単語だけ取り出す事によって混乱が助長されている面は否定できない。
English: According to "Nakao no go gunyakushu namae cho" (register of military service), a person who went to the war front from the same Go (village), was sometimes assigned to several Yorioya, and turned out to be Yoriko Doshin, or a person who owned one's territory in several Go (village)
Japanese: また、『中尾之郷軍役衆名前帳』には同じ郷から出征する人物が複数の寄親に配属されている場合があり、複数の郷に領地を持っている人物が寄子同心が存在する。
English: In Koshu Hatto no Shidai (the Laws of the Province of Kai), it was defined that Yoriko would bring a suit to Yorioya regardless of its content.
Japanese: 甲州法度之次第では内容にかかわらず寄子はまず寄親に訴え出る事が規定されている。
English: The steady connection between Shingen and his vassals was maintained through kishomon (sworn oath) in which a vassal pledged allegiance to Shingen in terms of minor conflicts between Shingen and a vassal or incidents such as Yoshinobu incident which cause confusion in the family, and by performing Shinto and Buddhist oaths.
Japanese: 信玄は家臣との間の些細な諍いや義信事件など家中の動揺を招く事件に際しては忠誠を誓わせる起請文を提出させており、神仏に誓うことで家臣との紐帯が保たれていた。
English: The letter and vow to his homosexual partner, Gensuke KASUGA (later Masanobu KOSAKA) whom Shingen loved, in which Shingen stated his excuse for his love affairs ((1546) they are currently possessed by the Historiographical Institute of The University of Tokyo, complete with a vow to Harunobu TAKEDA), still exist.
Japanese: また、信玄が寵愛する衆道相手の春日源介（後の高坂昌信）に対して、浮気の弁明を記す手紙や誓詞（天文15年（1546年））武田晴信誓詞、ともに東京大学資料編纂所所蔵）が現存している。
English: In the period governed by Shingen, a system that imposed a land tax and miscellaneous taxes per ken (1-ken is approximately 1.8 meters) of house, which had been developed since the period of Nobutora, was established.
Japanese: 信玄期には信虎期から整備されて家一間ごとに賦課される棟別諸役が確立した。
English: Although the base of the Takeda clan, Kai Province included a flat land known as Kofu basin, there were few usable fields available due to the flooding of two major rivers, Kamanashi-gawa River, Fuefuki-gawa River, for which high income from nengu (land tax) was not expected.
Japanese: 武田氏の本拠地である甲斐は平野部である甲府盆地を有するが、釜無川、笛吹川の二大河川の氾濫のため利用可能な耕地が少なく年貢収入に期待ができなかった
English: Consequently, flood prevention projects; river improvement and the development of new fields from the flooded fields were actively implemented through the power of the Daimyo during the period governed by Shingen.
Japanese: この為、信玄期には大名権力により治水事業を行い、氾濫原の新田開発を精力的に実施した。
English: In Ryuo where Midai-gawa River and Kamanashi-gawa River joined together (Formerly, Ryuo-cho, Nakakoma-gun, present day Kai City), banks called Shingen tsutsumi (banks of the river) were established to divert the course of the river for cultivation while the castle town in Kofu, was developed, which was an excellent example of flood prevention projects.
Japanese: 代表的事例として、甲府城下町の整備と平行して行われた御勅使川と釜無川の合流地点である竜王（旧中巨摩郡竜王町、現甲斐市）では信玄堤と呼ばれる堤防を築き上げ、河川の流れを変え開墾した。
English: In Kai, there were gold mines such as Kurokawa Kinzan (Kurokawa Gold Mine), Yunooku Kinzan (Yunooku gold mine), that boasted bountiful reserves of gold and were operated during the period governed by Shingen.
Japanese: 甲斐には黒川金山や湯之奥金山など豊富な埋蔵量を誇り信玄期に稼動していた金山が存在した。
English: The excavation technology and refining method were actively employed from nanban (the Europe), and a large amount of gold was yielded to be devoted to flood prevention projects and military expenses.
Japanese: 南蛮渡来の掘削技術や精錬手法を積極的に取り入れ、莫大な量の金を産出し、治水事業や軍事費に充当した。
English: In diplomatic affairs, the gold which was yielded was used as gifts to the central and powerful family, powerful temples and shrines, as well as donations to support the force that fought against Nobunga ODA and Kenshin UESUGI
Japanese: また中央権門や有力寺社への贈答、織田信長や上杉謙信に敵対する勢力への支援など、外交面でも大いに威力を発揮した。
English: Koshu gold (Goishi gold) was not commonly circulated, and it didn't appear that the Takeda clan directly controlled mining at gold mines according to historical resources.
Japanese: ただし、碁石金は通常の流通には余り用いられず、金山の採掘に関しては武田氏は直接支配を行っていた史料はみられなかった。
English: It is believed that the Takeda clan obtained gold based on the condition that they covered the rights and interests of a group with technicians.
Japanese: 金堀衆と呼ばれる技術者集団の諸権益を補償することによって金を得ていたと考えられている。
English: They implemented measures to protect temples and shrines, for example, approving or donating the domain of a temple, securing the rights and interests of temple, prohibiting intervention by Syugo (provincial constable), inviting chief priests, conferring priest's names or posthumous Buddhist names from the central organization.
Japanese: 寺社政策では寺領の安堵や寄進、守護不入など諸権益の保証、中央からの住職招請、法号授与の斡旋など保護政策を行った。
English: On the other hand, they imposed obligations such as retaining conventions, carrying out a method in esoteric Buddhism to pray for a victory in a war, holding memorial services for the fallen, and dedication to the god(s) for shrines.
Japanese: 一方で、規式の保持や戦勝祈願の修法や戦没者供養、神社には神益奉仕などを義務づける統制を行っている。
English: As his own territory expanded, he protected temples and shrines that had strong influences on people in the region, in order to understand his territory regardless of Buddhism sects.
Japanese: 領国拡大に伴い地域領民にも影響力を持つ寺社の保護は領国掌握の一環として特定宗派にとらわれずに行っている。
English: It is especially well known that he generously protected Erin-ji Temple of Rinzai Sect, built a shaden (a shrine building) at Takeda hachiman-gu Shrine, and requested Zenko-ji Temple to move to Kofu.
Japanese: 特に臨済宗の恵林寺に対する手厚い保護や、武田八幡宮の社殿造営、甲府への善光寺の移転勧請などが知られる。
English: In 1571, he recruited Fuhei MAMIYA (10 vessels), Mikinojo MAMIYA (five vessels), Kagetaka OHAMA (one Atake bune (a ship used in war, seen from the latter half of the Muromachi period to the beginning of the Edo period), 15 boats), Masakatsu MUKAI (five vessels), Yasunao ITAMI (12 vessels, 50 doshin (a police constable) to establish the Takeda navy.
Japanese: 元亀2年（1571年）に間宮武兵衛（船10艘）、間宮造酒丞（船5艘）、小浜景隆（安宅船1艘、小舟15艘）、向井正勝（船5艘）、伊丹康直（船5艘）、間宮忠兵衛（船12艘、同心50騎）などを登用して、武田水軍を創設している。
English: However, he acted against the teachings of Buddha, and still became involved in the real world even after he became a priest.
Japanese: しかし、信玄自身は在家出家しながらも俗世との関わりを絶たずにいるなど仏教に背く行為がみられた。
English: In the "Koyo Gunkan" (record of the military exploits of the Takeda family), which was not clearly authenticated (Quite a few parts were modified by the Tokugawa Shogunate, given that it was not written by Shinegn himself and was completed in the early Edo period) the following was written:
Japanese: このことに関して信憑性は今ひとつである『甲陽軍鑑』（元々信玄本人が著したのではないのと、成立が江戸初期という事で、徳川幕府の手が加わっている個所が多々見られる）の記述がある。
English: When Shingen finished practicing a Zen book, until the volume 7 of 10 volumes of "Hekiganroku", which Shingen studied fastidiously, the instructor, Gishu Genpaku said to him as follows:
Japanese: 当時信玄が熱心に勉強していた『碧巌録』の10巻ある内の7巻までを信玄が参禅し終わった時、導師岐秀元伯に次のように言われた。
English: Because you are Samurai, I don't recommend that you become enlightened and retire from the real world.'
Japanese: 「武士である以上、悟りをひらいて俗世を捨てるという考え方はいかがなものか。」
English: Shingen desired to practice the Zen book until Volume 10, but eventually ended his studies with volume 7 as he was advised.
Japanese: 信玄本人は10巻までの参禅を希望したが、説得され7巻までにとどまったとされている。
English: Samurai at that time, especially samurai called the Daimyo with territory were deeply connected with monks, and many samurai became priests.
Japanese: 当時の武士、特に国持ち大名と呼ばれる武士達と僧侶は繋がりが深く、多くの武士が出家している。
English: However, they didn't become enlightened due to various reasons such as circumstances concerning territory, issues concerning the head of family, and philistine attitudes.
Japanese: しかし、国の情勢や家督問題、俗物的な思惑など様々な理由により悟りをひらくまでにはいたっていない。
English: In influential temples and shrines at that time, many monks became corrupt, some monks became a monk-soldier, or an armed monk called the jinin (associates of Shinto shrines), would have relationships with girls or commit acts of burglary.
Japanese: 当時の有力寺社には僧兵、神人と呼ばれる武装した下級の僧侶、神職を抱え、女人に手を出し強盗紛いの行為に及ぶなど堕落していた。
English: It is believed that Shingen aimed to warn other Daimyo or disperse their military forces by inciting religious forces or riots by becoming a member or partner of religious forces after he became a priest.
Japanese: 信玄は出家しこれ等宗教勢力の一員もしくは協力者ともいえる関係になることで、これ等の宗教勢力や一揆を扇動し、他の大名への牽制や戦力の分散をさせるといった狙いもあったとされる。
English: According to "Koyo Gunka," one reason that Shingen became a priest was that he intended to acquire the position of daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order) after entering priesthood.
Japanese: 『甲陽軍鑑』の中で信玄出家の理由の一つに、出家することで大僧正の地位を手に入れるといった目的もあったとの記述も見られる。
English: The wife of Kennyo HONGANJI, Nyoshun-ni, and the lawful wife of Shingen, Sanjou-no-kata were full sisters.
Japanese: また、本願寺の顕如の夫人如春尼と信玄の正室三条の方は実の姉妹である。
English: Apart from Shingen, the Takeda family were deeply connected with these religious forces, given that some of Shingen's vassals also became priests as well.
Japanese: このような事や家臣にも同様に出家したものが複数いることから、信玄個人だけでなく武田家は宗教勢力との関わりが深かったと言える。
English: It seems that Shingen was not a genuine believer as he promoted the marriage of monks, which was originally a taboo that was no longer in vogue, and incited a riot using believers.
Japanese: このように、形骸化したとはいえ本来あってはならない僧侶の婚姻を推し進めたり、信者を使って一揆を誘発したりしていたことから少なくとも純粋な信徒ではなかったようである。
English: `Kenpon chakushoku Takeda Harunobu gazo' (a portrait of Takeda Harunobu) possessed by Jimyo-in Temple in Wakayama Prefecture and `Kenpon chakushoku Takeda Shingen gazo' (a portrait of Takeda Shingen) painted by Tohaku HASEGAWA, possessed by Seikei-in Temple, Mt. Koya (important cultural property) are well known.
Japanese: 和歌山県の持明院所蔵の「絹本著色武田晴信画像」、高野山成慶院所蔵の長谷川等伯筆「絹本著色武田信玄画像」（重要文化財）が知られる。
English: It has been handed down that the former one was a portrait dedicated for use in the memorial services for Shingen, in which Harunobu was portrayed as an adolescent donning samurai eboshi (lacquered hat) and hitatare (a kind of court dress in old days), which were the formal wear of Samurai.
Japanese: 前者は信玄の供養のため奉納されたと伝わる肖像画で、青年期の晴信が侍烏帽子に直垂という武家の正装姿で描かれている。
English: Hanabishi-mon (a crest which represents the head of the Takeda family and the military governor of Kai Province) that showed that he was the head of the Takeda family, Kai shugoshiki (military governor of Kai Province) was depicted on a hitatare (a kind of court dress in old days).
Japanese: 直垂には武田家当主・甲斐守護職であることを示す花菱紋が描かれている。
English: It has been handed down that the latter one was a portrait dedicated to Seikei-in Temple by Katsuyori, an ancestral temple of the Takeda clan.
Japanese: 後者は、勝頼が武田氏の菩提所である成慶院に奉納したと伝わる肖像画である。
English: It depicted Shingen in his late middle ages, who was rather plump with tabusa (hair in a bundle), carrying a sword with `Nihikiryomon' (the family crest of the Ashikaga family (Ashikaga Shogunate family)), the family crest of Ashikaga Shogun Family.
Japanese: 壮年期のふっくらとした姿で頭部には髻があり、足利将軍家家紋「二引両紋」のある太刀が描かれている。
English: It was painted by Tohaku HASEGAWA, a painter, who connected with the Sanjo family during the same period that the `portrait of Abbot Nichigi Shonin,' the portrait of the uncle of Sanjo-fujin (Lady Sanjo), and the lawful wife of Shingen, were painted.
Japanese: 三条家とも関わりのある絵師・長谷川等伯によって描かれ、信玄正室の三条夫人の叔父を描いた「日堯上人像」と同時期に描かれている。
English: Apart from his portraits, Shingen had himself depicted in the image of Fudo Myoo (Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings) during the same period, but the image was not instilled.
Japanese: 同時代では、信玄は肖像画以外に不動明王のイメージで自らを描かせているが、イメージは不確定であった。
English: During the Edo period, "Koyo Gunkan" became popular, and the image of Shingen, as Hoshi-musha (armed priests) with a red clerical garment and the helmet of Suwahossho, was established.
Japanese: 江戸時代には『甲陽軍鑑』が流行し、赤法衣と諏訪法性の兜に象徴される法師武者姿としてのイメージが確立した。
English: The image was established in Shingen's portraits painted by Tanshin KANO or Yoshisato YANAGISAWA, the drawing of the twenty four generals of Takeda, and in Ukiyoe (Japanese woodblock prints).
Japanese: 狩野探信や柳沢吉里により描かれた信玄個人の肖像画や武田二十四将図、浮世絵などにおいて定着した。
English: After the portrait possessed by Seikei-in Temple was publicly introduced as `the portrait of Shingen TAKEDA,' the image was established from the Taisho period through until the early Showa period.
Japanese: また、明治後半には成慶院所蔵の肖像画が「武田信玄像」として紹介されると大正から昭和初期にかけて定着した。
English: Since the bronze statues in front of Kofu station and Enzan station were modeled on this image, and the fact that the image was used in historical text books as well, led to the image becoming the generally accepted image of Shingen.
Japanese: 甲府駅前や塩山駅前にある銅像のモデルにもなっており、歴史教科書においても採用されていたため信玄の一般的なイメージとなっている。