nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The fact that he was born into the Kanamori clan was established from entries in the family death register at Joon-ji Temple and the cross-generational records of Rissei-ji Temple in Mino Province.
Japanese: 出自を金森氏とするのは、浄音寺過去帳や濃州立政寺歴代記の記録による。
English: Two lingering doubts remain about Sakuden's status as having been born into the Kanamori clan, however: his secular surname of 'HIRABAYASHI' and the Kanamori clan's (Buddhist) denominational affiliation with the Soto sect.
Japanese: しかしながら、策伝の俗姓を「平林」とすること、金森氏の仏教宗派は曹洞宗であること、以上2点は策伝が金森氏出身であることに疑問を残す部分である。
English: Tamekane KYOGOKU (1254 - April 16, 1332) was a late Kamakura-period waka poet.
Japanese: 京極為兼（きょうごくためかね、建長6年（1254年）-元徳4年/元弘2年3月21日(旧暦)（1332年4月16日））は、鎌倉時代後期の歌人。
English: In 1280, Tamekane began serving Imperial Prince Hirohito (who later became Emperor Fushimi), and the style of waka poetry in which he instructed the Imperial Prince and his close associates came to be known as the Kyogoku school.
Japanese: 1280年（弘安3年）東宮煕仁親王（後の伏見天皇）に出仕し、東宮及びその側近らに和歌を指導して京極派と称された。
English: Once Emperor Fushimi ascended to the throne Tamekane also became active as a politician, but was banished to Sado Province in 1298 for his participation in the attempt, as an aristocratic supporter of the Jimyoin lineage, to manipulate the Imperial succession in favor of the Jimyoin line.
Japanese: 伏見天皇が践践した後は政治家としても活躍したが、持明院統側公家として皇統の迭立に関与したことから、1298年（永仁6年）佐渡国に配流となった。
English: He fell into conflict with Tameyo NIJO over who would be chosen as a compiler of the latest Imperial waka anthology, but received an imperial decree appointing him such, and in 1312 he set about compiling the 'Gyokuyo wakashu' (The Jeweled Leaves Collection).
Japanese: 勅撰和歌集の撰者をめぐって二条為世と論争するが、院宣を得て1312年（正和元年）「玉葉和歌集」を撰集している。
English: The following year, in 1313, he took the tonsure together with Retired Emperor Fushimi, and took the monk-name "Renkaku," and later "Shokaku."
Japanese: 翌1313年（正和2年）伏見上皇とともに出家し、法号を蓮覚のちに静覚と称した。
English: In 1315, he was once again arrested by the Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto), and in 1316 was exiled to Tosa Province; this time, he never received permission to return to the capital, and ended his life in Kawachi Province.
Japanese: 1315年（正和4年）再び鎌倉幕府の六波羅探題に捕らえられ、翌1316年（正和5年）土佐国に配流となり、帰京を許されないまま河内国で没した。
English: The background for why he was twice punished with exile lies in his promoting of the idea of 'benevolent rule,' in which he and Emperor Fushimi sought to restore true power to the imperial court and fell into an intensifying conflict with the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun); one explanation has it that Tamekane served as scapegoat for the Emperor, being punished in his stead.
Japanese: 2度の流刑の背景には「徳政」の推進を通じて朝廷の権威を取り戻そうとしていた伏見天皇と鎌倉幕府の対立が激化して、為兼が天皇の身代わりとして処分されたという説もある。
English: In the poetic style of his family the evoking of true emotions was very highly prized, leading him to compose waka that expressed a delicate yet sensuous quality; this new style breathed life into the stagnated waka circles of late Kamakura-period Japan.
Japanese: 家風は実感を尊び、繊細で感覚的な表現による歌を詠み、沈滞していた鎌倉時代末期の歌壇に新風を吹き込んだ。
English: KI no Haseo (born 845, died March 6, 912) was a high-ranking court noble and literatus who lived from the early into the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 紀長谷雄（きのはせお、承和(日本)12年（845年）-延喜12年2月10日(旧暦)（912年3月6日））は、平安時代前期から中期にかけての公卿・文人。
English: Among his children were KI no Yoshimochi, who is thought to have written the Chinese preface to the 'Kokin wakashu' (Collected Waka from Ancient and Modern Times, usually abbreviated as "Kokinshu"), and KI no Yoshito, who served as kami (governor) of Iyo Province.
Japanese: 子に「古今和歌集」の真名序を執筆したとされる紀淑望、伊予守の紀淑人がいる。
English: In 890 he became Zusho no kami (head of the Documents Office), and thereafter succeeded to the posts of Monjo hakase (Chief Calligrapher to the Court) and Daigaku no kami (Headmaster of the Academy); in 902 he was appointed Sangi (Director of Palace Affairs), and then in 911 (Engi 11) he was promoted to Chunagon (vice-councilor of state).
Japanese: 890年（寛平2年）図書頭となり、以後文章博士・大学頭などを経て、902年（延喜2年）に参議、911年（延喜11年）に中納言に昇進した。
English: Haseo studied under MIYAKO no Yoshika, SUGAWARA no Michizane, and OKURA no Yoshiyuki, and participated in the compilation of the 'Kanke goshu' (Later Collection of the Sugawara family), and was also involved in the compilation of the 'Engi Kyakushiki' (the Engi Codes).
Japanese: 都良香（みやこのよしか）や菅原道真や大蔵善行（おおくらのよしゆき）に師事し「菅家後集」の編纂に携わり、「延喜格式」の編纂にもあたった。
English: Michizane, moreover, recognized Haseo's potential abilities, and at his suggestion Haseo was chosen to serve as vice-envoy in the final diplomatic mission to Tang China, all such missions having been discontinued earlier.
Japanese: また道真に才能を見込まれ、道真の建議により中止となった最後の遣唐使には副使に補された。
English: January 7, 894: He was promoted to Jugoinojo (Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade), while his appointments as Shikubu shosuke, monjo hakase, and Sanuki no suke were unchanged.
Japanese: 894年（寛平6）1月7日、従五位上に昇叙し、式部少輔・文章博士・讃岐介元の如し。
English: August 13, 895: He was promoted to Shogoinoge (Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), while all his official appointments remained unchanged.
Japanese: 895年（寛平7）8月13日、正五位下に昇叙し、右少弁・式部少輔・文章博士・讃岐介元の如し。
English: December 16, 896: He was promoted to Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade), while his four court appointments remained unchanged.
Japanese: 896年（寛平8）12月16日、従四位下に昇叙し、式部少輔・大学頭・文章博士・讃岐介元の如し。
English: January 7, 903: He was promoted to Jushiinojo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade), while his appointments as sangi and sadaiben remained unchanged.
Japanese: 903年（延喜3）1月7日、従四位上に昇叙し、参議・左大弁元の如し。
English: January 7, 908: He was promoted to Shoshiinoge (Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade), while his appointments as sangi, sadaiben, and Sanuki no kami remained unchanged.
Japanese: 908年（延喜8）1月7日、正四位下に昇叙し、参議・左大弁・讃岐守元の如し。
English: Masatsune ASUKAI (November 28, 1569 - February 9, 1616) was a court noble and waka poet who lived through the turmoil of the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) and into the beginning of the Edo period.
Japanese: 飛鳥井雅庸（あすかいまさつね、永禄12年10月20日(旧暦)（1569年11月28日）-元和(日本)元年12月22日(旧暦)（1616年2月9日））は、戦国時代(日本)の戦国期から江戸時代前期にかけての公家・歌人。
English: In 1613 (Keicho 18), he reached the Junii (Junior Second Rank), and in 1615 he was appointed to the position of Gonno Dainagon (Assistant Major Counselor).
Japanese: 1613年（慶長18年）従二位に至り、1615年（元和元年）権大納言に任じられる。
English: He was initiated into kokin denju (the art of interpreting the kokinshu) by the Shoko-in Dogo JUNGO, and initiated into the art of calligraphy by Narisada FUJIKI, and was exceptionally accomplished instructing such luminaries as Retired Emperor Gomizuo, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, and Iehisa SHIMAZU in the game of kemari (an ancient kick-ball game similar to soccer).
Japanese: 昭高院准后道澄から古今伝授を、また藤木成定から入木道（じゅぼくどう＝書道）伝授を受け、後水尾上皇・徳川秀忠・細川忠興・島津家久に蹴鞠を指導するなど諸芸に秀でていた。
English: Michikatsu NAKANOIN (June 13, 1556 - May 18, 1610) was a court noble, waka poet, and Kokugaku (National Learning) scholar who lived from the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) into the early Edo period.
Japanese: 中院通勝（なかのいんみちかつ、弘治(日本)2年5月6日(旧暦)（1556年6月13日）-慶長15年3月25日(旧暦)（1610年5月18日））は、戦国時代(日本)から江戸時代前期にかけての公家・歌人・和学者。
English: The following year, in 1580, he fell under Imperial censure from Emperor Ogimachi and was exiled to Maizuru in Tango Province, where he studied under Yusai HOSOKAWA and mastered waka and kokugaku (national learning).
Japanese: 翌1580年（天正8年）正親町天皇の勅勘をこうむり丹後国舞鶴に配流、細川幽斎に学んで和歌・和学を極めた。
English: The Mikohidari family, which was part of Michinaga's lineage in the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, enjoyed considerable prestige as a family that excelled in waka poetry, with FUJIWARA no Shunsei, FUJIWARA no Teika, and FUJIWARA no Tameie; during the time of Tameie's son Tameuji NIJO, the family split into two branches, one led by his younger brother Tamenori KYOGOKU, a commoner, and the other led by Tamesuke REIZEI.
Japanese: 藤原北家道長流である御子左家は、藤原俊成・藤原定家・藤原為家と和歌の家としての地位を確立し、為家の子二条為氏の代に、庶弟京極為教・冷泉為相の2家の分家が出来た。
English: In the time of Tameyo NIJO, Tameuji NIJO's son, and of Tamekane KYOGOKU, son of Tamenori KYOGOKU, the Nijo school of poetry allied itself with the Daikakuji imperial lineage (which later became the Southern Court) and began adhering to its conservative family (poetic) traditions; the Kyogoku school, however, forged ties to the Jimyoin imperial lineage (which was later to become the Northern Court), and developed an extraordinarily new, fresh poetic style.
Japanese: 二条為氏の子二条為世、京極為教の子京極為兼の代になると、二条派は大覚寺統（のちの南朝）と結んで保守的な家風を墨守し、京極派は持明院統（のちの北朝）と結んで破格・清新な歌風を唱えた。
English: The Nijo and Kyogoku schools developed a relationship of vehement mutual antagonism, their respective members frequently squabbling over the prestige of being selected as compiler of the imperial waka anthologies; the Nijo school managed to achieve a near-monopoly with the exceptions of the 'Gyokuyo wakashu' (the Jeweled Leaves Collection), the 'Fuga wakashu' (Collected Elegant Verse), and the 'Shinshoku kokin wakashu' (New Collected Waka from Ancient and Modern Times, Continued).
Japanese: 二条派と京極派は互いに激しく対立して勅撰和歌集の撰者の地位を争い、二条派は「玉葉和歌集」「風雅和歌集」「新続古今和歌集」以外の勅撰和歌集を独占した。
English: But the actual influence and prestige of the Nijo school had already been transferred to the poet-monk Tona by the time of the Northern and Southern Court period, and with the subsequent death of Tameto NIJO, the Nijo family lineage fell into extinction.
Japanese: しかし、二条派の実権は南北朝時代(日本)にはすでに僧頓阿に移っており、さらに二条為遠の死によって家系は断絶してしまった。
English: Thereafter, its secret teachings were passed to the To clan (a military family that was a tributary branch of the Chiba clan), which in turn handed it down to the SANJONISHI family (a noble family, part of the Fujiwara clan).
Japanese: その後秘伝は、東氏(千葉氏一族)（千葉氏の支流で武家）をへて三条西家（藤原氏で公家）に伝わった。
English: Moreover, thanks to one of the Sanjonishi family poetic school's most illustrious disciples, Yusai HOSOKAWA, their poetic style also spread to the then-contemporary Imperial Family, the Miyake (families allowed to be in status of Imperial family), the aristocracy, and the non-courtier families (jige), and ever since then, the Sanjonishi family has continued to hold rightful authority as the true poetic heirs of the Nijo family.
Japanese: また、三条西家高弟細川幽斎から近世初頭の天皇家、宮家、堂上、地下（じげ）にも広まったが、三条西家は、これ以降も、二条家正嫡流としての権威を保ち続けた。
English: The Kyogoku school (Kyogokuha) was a school of waka poetry that existed from the middle of the Kamakura period into the beginning of the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 京極派（きょうごくは）は、鎌倉時代中期から室町時代初期にかけての和歌の流派の一つ。
English: The poetic school of the Kyogoku family, known as a 'Waka family,' belonged to the Mikohidari lineage of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan; Tamenori KYOGOKU, the commoner brother of Tameuji NIJO--the Mikohidari family's rightful heir--started the Kyogoku school together with his son Tamekane KYOGOKU, but in reality it was through Tamekane that the Kyogoku school came into true being as a prominent waka school.
Japanese: 「和歌の家」としての京極派は、藤原北家御子左流に属し、御子左家の嫡男二条為氏の庶弟京極為教とその子京極為兼に始まるが、実質的には為兼によって和歌の流派としての京極派は生まれた。
English: As the main lineage (i.e., from the eldest son) of the Mikohidari family, members of the Kyogoku school fell into conflict with adherents of the Nijo school, who had forged close ties with the Daikakuji imperial lineage (which would afterwards become the Southern Court); Tamekane, welcomed as Emperor Fushimi's tutor in the art of waka poetry, took advantage of his closeness with the Jimyoin imperial lineage (which later became the Northern Court) to create a waka circle at the Imperial Court, working to ensure his fresh new poetic style would become popular.
Japanese: 御子左嫡流で、大覚寺統（のちの南朝(日本)）と結びついた二条派に対し、為兼は伏見院の歌道師範として迎えられたのを契機に持明院統（のちの北朝(日本)）宮廷において歌壇を築き、斬新な歌風を流行させた。
English: Waka in this style, which treasured expression of true feelings as well as a delicate sensibility, were able to inject new freshness into the stagnant poetry circles of the late Kamakura period, but suffered severe castigation from the Nijo school for their eccentric and unconventional expressions.
Japanese: 実感を尊び繊細な感覚的表現による歌は鎌倉時代末期の沈滞していた当時の歌壇に新鮮味を与えたが、その奇抜で型破りな表現によって二条派からつよい非難を浴びることになった。
English: Three sub-categories are covered under the umbrella term "poetry circles of the Kyogoku school": 1) members of the Kyogoku family itself, a family famous for its waka production (this would also include the Reizei family, since at this point it had not yet split away and become independent), 2) gatherings of poets who had adopted the Kyogoku poetic style, and 3) the literary salon at Emperor Fushimi's court; each of these aspects reinforced the other until the overall entity took shape as something that could be called 'the Kyogoku school.'
Japanese: 京極派歌壇には、(1)歌の家としての京極家（および当時はまだ一家を成すにいたっていなかった冷泉家）、(2)京極派歌風を信奉する歌人たちの集まり、(3)伏見院宮廷における文学サロンの三つの面があり、それぞれが互いに重なりあいつつ全体として「京極派」と呼ぶべきものをかたちづくっている。
English: In general, the history of the Kyogoku school is broken into two periods, with the school during the Kamakura period dubbed the early period and all its history from the Northern and Southern Court period onwards being called the late period; its principal active poets included Tamekane KYOGOKU, Emperor Fushimi, Imperial Prince Hisaaki, Shoshi SAIONJI, Tameshi FUJIWARA (also known as Tameshi of Junior Third Rank), and Tamesuke REIZEI (whose daughter married Imperial Prince Hisaaki of the Jimyoin lineage), and Tamekane was also chosen (by order of Emperor Fushimi) to compile the 13th Imperial waka anthology, "Gyokuyo wakashu" (the Jeweled Leaves Collection).
Japanese: 通常鎌倉期のそれを前期、南北朝期以降のそれを後期と呼んで区分しているが、前期京極派においては京極為兼、伏見院、久明親王、西園寺しょう子、藤原為子（従三位為子）、冷泉為相（娘が持明院統の久明親王に嫁す）らが主要な歌人として活躍し、十三番目の勅撰集『玉葉和歌集』（伏見院下命、為兼撰）が編まれた。
English: In the later period of the Kyogoku school's history, Shoshi SAIONJI (also known by her Buddhist name, Eifukumonin), Emperor Hanazono, and Emperor Kogon were its principal active poets, and Kogon (by order of Emperor Hanazono) was selected to compile the 17th Imperial waka anthology, "Fuga wakashu" (Collected Elegant Waka), but during the Kanno Disturbance, the most important members of the Jimyoin lineage imperial court such as Emperor Kogon were put under confinement by Southern Court forces, and as a result the Jimyoin lineage imperial court suffered a major blow to its power and prestige, and while Emperor Kogon was still under house arrest, Emperor Gokogon, the successor to both the Jimyoin lineage and to the poetic traditions of the Kyogoku school, switched his allegiance to the Nijo school, leaving the Kyogoku school facing extinction, without a suitable successor.
Japanese: 後期京極派においては、永福門院、花園天皇、光厳院らが主要な歌人として活躍し、十七番目の勅撰集『風雅和歌集』（花園院下命、光厳院親撰）が編まれたが、観応の擾乱によって光厳院ら持明院統の要人が南朝側に監禁された結果、持明院統宮廷が大きな打撃を受け、そして光厳院が監禁されている間に持明院統を継いだ後光厳院が二条派を重んじたため、思わしい後嗣を得ないままに断絶した。
English: In the medieval period and into more recent times, no one rated the poetry of the Kyogoku school very highly and it consequently fell into a long period of obscurity, but closer to the present day, the Kyogoku school experienced a more positive reappraisal, with Shinobu ORIGUCHI and Zenmaro TOKI, in particular, offering strong praise of the Kyogoku poetic style.
Japanese: 中世・近世においてはたかく評価されることがなく、長らく埋もれたままになっていた京極派ではあるが、近代に入ってから再評価が行われ、特に折口信夫や土岐善麿がその歌風をつよく称揚した。
English: In the postwar period, research into the Kyogoku school has been progressing under Miyoko IWASA and her team, and little by little the complete picture of the Kyogoku school's attributes and activities is becoming clear.
Japanese: 戦後に入って岩佐美代子らによる研究が進み、その全貌が徐々にあきらかになりつつある。
English: The Reizei school ("Reizeiha" in Japanese) is a school of waka poetry composition that began in the mid Kamakura period and continues to the present day.
Japanese: 冷泉派（れいぜいは）は、鎌倉時代中期から現代にいたるまでの和歌の流派の一つ。
English: The center of the Reizei school's activities shifted with each era; in the Kamakura period, it was in Kamakura, while in the Muromachi and Warring States periods it moved to Sunpu before relocating to Edo in the Edo period, extending its influence only in the Kanto region (Sunpu was the seat of power for the Imagawa clan, who held the position of vice-Shogun under the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun)), where the Nijo school failed to hold much sway.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代は、鎌倉で、室町時代および戦国時代_(日本)は、駿府で、江戸時代は、江戸でと、各時代を通して、二条派の勢力の及ばない関東地方でのみ、勢力を伸ばす（駿府は、室町幕府の副将軍家だったこともある今川氏の居館があった）。
English: And when, during the Azuchi-Momoyama period, the leading poet of the Reizei school fell under the emperor's censure and was ruined, it was none other than Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who exerted all his power and influence to rehabilitate him.
Japanese: 織豊時代には当主が勅勘をこうむり没落するも、徳川家康の尽力により再興される。
English: Compared to the Kyogoku school, the Reizei school did not produce any poems worthy of mention in terms of poetic style, but they were esteemed by the major poetic school from which they broke off, the Nijo school, for the pedigree of their master family alone.
Japanese: 京極派に比べ、歌風としては特筆すべきものはないが、宗匠家の血統のみは、主流派の二条派からも尊ばれた。
English: MIYAKO no Yoshika (834 - March 25, 879) was a literatus and kanshi (Chinese verse) poet who lived in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 都良香（みやこのよしか、承和(日本)元年（834年）－元慶3年2月25日(旧暦)（879年3月25日））は、平安時代前期の漢詩人・文人。
English: After passing the Taisaku (a type of employment examination for officials under Japan's Ritsuryo system), following his posts as Shonaiki (assistant editor) and assistant to the envoy from the Korean kingdom of Bohai, he reached the Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) of Monjo hakase (chief calligrapher of the court) and Dainaiki (chief editor).
Japanese: 対策（律令制における官吏採用試験の一種）に合格した後、少内記・掌渤海客使を経て従五位下文章博士兼大内記に至った。
English: He participated in the compilation and editing of the 'Nihon montoku tenno jitsuroku' (Record of the Reign of Emperor Montoku of Japan, usually shortened to Montoku Jitsuroku), but died before the work was complete.
Japanese: 「日本文徳天皇実録（略称・文徳実録）」の編纂にも関与したが、完成する前に亡くなっている。
English: He is known for several famous literary compositions, including his personal literary collection, the 'Toshi bunshu' (the Miyako clan Literary Collection) as well as Imperial Rescripts and questions for the Taisaku.
Japanese: 家集「都氏文集（としぶんしゅう）」には詔勅や対策の策問などの名文がおさめられている。
English: SUGAWARA no Kiyokimi (also "Kiyotomo," 770 -November 26, 842) was the early Heian period court noble and literatus.
Japanese: 菅原清公（すがわらのきよきみ/きよとも、宝亀元年（770年）-承和(日本)9年10月17日(旧暦)（842年11月26日））は、平安時代初期の公家・文人。
English: During his career he passed from the position of Monjo hakase (chief calligrapher to the court) to such posts as Daigaku no kami (headmaster of the Academy), Shikibu taifu (chief judge of Civil Services), Sachuben (first assistant controller of the left) and Danjo daihitsu (Major Deputy Inspector of the Police Bureau), thereafter reaching Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) and receiving imperial permission for a visit, via ox-drawn carriage, to the Emperor's palace.
Japanese: 文章博士から大学頭・式部大輔・左中弁・弾正大弼などを歴任、その後従三位となり牛車による参内を勅許された。
English: During that period, in 804, he was appointed Inspector of the envoy to Tang China, and as such crossed over to China together with Kukai, Saicho, and the rest of the emissaries.
Japanese: その間、延暦23年（804年）、遣唐使判官として空海・最澄らとともに唐へ渡った。
English: At Kiyokimi's suggestion, in 818--after his return to Japan--ceremonies and customs at court were modified to reflect a more Tang style.
Japanese: 帰国後の弘仁9年（818年）には、清公の建議により朝廷における儀式や風俗が唐風に改められた。
English: One example of a specific aspect of this change that survived to affect later generations is that the process of assigning names to people, heretofore done in Japanese style, was changed into Tang style.
Japanese: 具体的な後世に残った例としては、それまで和風だった人名のつけ方を唐風に改めたことが挙げられる。
English: Specifically, for male children, names in a longer format, like 'Tamuramaro' from 'Tamuramaro SAKANOUE' were shortened into two- character names (read in kun-yomi, meaning Japanese pronunciation) like 'Michizane' from 'SUGAWARA no Michizane' or 'Kintsune' from 'FUJIWARA no Kintsune,' or alternatively one-character names (also read in kun-yomi) like 'Toru' from 'MINAMOTO no Toru' or 'Makoto' from Lord 'MINAMOTO no Makoto'; as regards names for female children, the format of one character followed by 'ko' (also pronounced 'shi') was introduced thanks to a proposal by Kiyokimi.
Japanese: 男子の場合「坂上田村麻呂」の「田村麻呂」のような形式から「菅原道真」の「道真」や「藤原基経」の「基経」といった二文字訓読みか「源融（みなもとのとおる）」の「融」や「源信(公卿)（みなもとの・まこと）」の「信」など一文字訓読みという形式にし、女性の名前の「○子」という形式にすることは彼の建言によって導入されたものである。
English: Kiyokimi was also called 'the greatest of the Confucians,' and was invested into the nobility at Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), as befitting his official post as Monjo hakase (Chief court calligrapher); under the Ritsuryo system, he essentially stole the position of 'top brush' (i.e., chief calligrapher) from Myogyo, an instructor in the Confucian classics at the Academy.
Japanese: 清公は「儒門之領袖」と称されて、文章博士の官位相当を貴族である従五位下に引き上げさせて、律令法によって本来大学寮の博士の筆頭とされてきた明経博士からその地位を奪った。
English: Moreover, his reputation as a literatus meant there were some, like OE no Otondo, who in fact went as far as visiting him at his private residence to request lessons (as recorded in the "Fuso Rakuki," or Abridged History of Japan).
Japanese: また、大江音人のように私邸にまで訪問して教えを請う者もいた（『扶桑略記』）。
English: As a result, the large hallway of the Sugawara clan's private estate (in those days, the hallways had sufficient space to be used as a regular room, costing rent and all) became a gathering point for Academy students, thereby acquiring the name 'the Kanke (Sugawara family) hallway' among later generations (as recorded in the "Kitano Tenjin onden," or Legends of Kitano Tenjin Shrine (which was dedicated to Michizane).
Japanese: このため、菅原氏の私邸の廊下（当時は空間が広く部屋代わりにも用いられていた）には学生達が集まるようになり、後世に「菅家廊下」と称されるようになったとされている（『北野天神御伝』）。
English: Starting with Kiyokimi, instructors at the Academy began to have personal interactions with their students as master and pupils, leading to the creation of a kind of school clique as well as a more concentrated effort by instructors like Kiyokimi truly to teach their students (of course, the contribution to this new system made by Kiyokimi's talented successors Koreyoshi and Michizane is also quite large) and as a result, the position of Monjo hakase became a more or less hereditary one, held by many from the Sugawara clan; this earned the clan the resentment of all the other Monjo hakase, especially MIYAKO no Haraaka (uncle of MIYAKO no Yoshika), who insisted that ability (real merit) should be the key to success, not birth privilege or personal connections.
Japanese: 清公以後、博士が学生と私的な師弟関係を結ぶきっかけとなり一種の学閥の形成が進むとともに、子弟の教育に力を注いだ（勿論、後継者である是善・道真の才能による部分も大きいが）ことによって菅原氏から世襲的に文章博士が輩出されるようになったため、才用（実力）があれば家柄や人脈にとらわれず評価されるべきであると主張した都腹赤（都良香の伯父）をはじめとする他の文章博士の反感を買った。
English: The antagonism between the Sugawara clan and the rival faction continued to fester through successive eras, leading some to view this antagonism as the true cause of Michizane's famous demotion later on (in the Shotai Incident).
Japanese: 菅原氏と反対派の対立は次代以後に持ち越され、後の道真左遷（昌泰の変）の遠因となったとする見方もある。
English: Once his grandson Michizane was deified as the god Tenjin, Kiyokimi and his son Koreyoshi were deified together at Tenmangu Shrine.
Japanese: 孫の道真が天神として祀られたことから、子の是善とともに天満宮に祀られている。
English: In addition to his contributions to the family poetry collection, the 'Kankeshu' (Collected Poems of the Sugawara family), Kiyokimi is also known for his work, together with KIYOHARA no Natsuno, to edit the 'Ryo no gige' (Clarification of the Code).
Japanese: 家集に「菅家集」があるほか､清原夏野らと協同して「令義解」を編纂したことでも知られている。
English: Dai Nihon Yashi is a Japanese history book written in a style of biographical historiography, and covers the 21 Emperors' reigns from Emperor Gokomatsu (Meitoku era) to Emperor Ninko.
Japanese: 大日本野史（だいにほんやし）は、後小松天皇（明徳年間）から仁孝天皇までの二十一代の帝王の治世を紀伝体で記した日本の歴史書。
English: During the last days of the Tokugawa Shogunate, the book was written by Tadahiko IDA, who was a scholar of Kokugaku (National Learning) from Tokuyama Domain and served the Arisugawa no Miya family later and it was completed in 1851.
Japanese: 幕末期に徳山藩出身で後に有栖川宮家に仕えた国学者飯田忠彦によって執筆されて、嘉永4年（1851年）に完成した。
English: Because "Dai Nipponshi" (The History of Japan), a history book made by Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA, was finished with an account of unifying Japan in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (in 1392), Ida planned to write a sequel to the book and spent more than thirty years in completing it.
Japanese: 徳川光圀による歴史書『大日本史』が南北朝時代_(日本)統一（明徳3年（1392年））をもって締めくくられているため、飯田がその続編執筆を志し、30年余りの月日をかけて完成された。