nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: After Kogishi's death, Shusai concentrated his hopes on Nobuaki MAEDA, but fine performances by Minoru KITANI and Seigen GO stopped him from doing so.
Japanese: 次には前田陳爾に望みを託したが、木谷実、呉清源の活躍の前にその夢も消えた。
English: From his own bitter experience, Shusai strongly wished to give the Honinbo Title to the strongest, so presumably, he decided to abolish Honinbo's hereditary succession system.
Japanese: 秀哉には自身の経験から実力第一位のものに本因坊の名を継がせたいという強い思いがあり、本因坊位の世襲制廃止に踏み切ったものと言われる。
English: In 1926, a full-scale tournament between the Nihon Ki-in and the Kiseisha took place, and in the first match Shusai fought a decisive battle with Junichi KARIGANE, which was the battle between captains of the two teams.
Japanese: 1926年、日本棋院対棋正社の全面対抗戦の初戦において、雁金準一との主将同士の決戦に臨んだ。
English: Karigane's black stone which got in a lower white framework ('moyo' in Japanese) was taken high-handedly by Shusai, which made the match scuffled, thrilling people all over the world.
Japanese: 下辺の白模様に突入した雁金の黒石を、秀哉が強引に取りに行ったことから大乱戦となり、満天下を沸かせるスリリングな一戦となった。
English: The Yomiuri Shimbun which hosted the tournament brought a special bulletin showing a large go board to replicate the game to various locations, and advertised by including reviews of the match written by Kan KIKUCHI and Hekigoto KAWAHIGASHI, leading men of letters, thereby reportedly tripling the number of copy of the paper at once.
Japanese: 主催の読売新聞は各地で大盤を用いて速報し、観戦記に菊池寛、河東碧梧桐など有名文士を配して宣伝に努め、部数を一挙に3倍に伸ばしたといわれる。
English: Shusai captured Black's eye, which, however, was countered by Karigane's counter-attacking move toward a weak link of White's encirclement, resulting in a rare game full of twists and turns.
Japanese: 秀哉は黒の眼を奪うが、雁金も包囲網の薄みをついて反撃、まれに見るねじり合いとなった。
English: A ko (repetision of the same pattern of offence and defense) appeared there led Shusai to making a situation advantageous, thus ending the game when Karigane ran out of time.
Japanese: 秀哉はここで発生したコウをきっかけに勝勢を確立、最後は雁金の時間切れ負けとなった。
English: In 1933, Seigen GO defeated 16 opponents at a tournament called "Japan Go Championship" and won the victory.
Japanese: 1933年、呉清源は16人のトーナメントを勝ち抜いて「日本囲碁選手権手合」に優勝。
English: 24 hours were allotted to each player, and the game was adjourned ('uchikake' in Japanese) 13 times before eventually reaching the end on January 29, 1934.
Japanese: 持ち時間は各24時間、13回の打ち掛けをはさんで1934年1月29日に終了。
English: At the beginning the game looked like a mere go lesson, but The Yomiuri Shimbun's advertising campaign gradually turned the game to being viewed with political overtone such as Japan versus China or old authority versus new force, making the competition heating up.
Japanese: 当初は単なる指導碁程度の趣であったが、読売新聞の大宣伝により次第に日本対中国、旧権威対新勢力の大勝負へと事態はヒートアップしていった。
English: Attracting the national attention, Seigen made his first move which was the san-san-uchi (literally, placing a stone at a 3-3 point) that the Honinbo school prohibited.
Japanese: 日本中の注目が集まる中、呉は第一着に本因坊家の禁手とされる三々打ち。
English: Seigen further demonstrated the adventurous opening portion of a game ('fuseki' in Japanese) such as the hoshi (star) at the third move and the tengen (center point or the origin of heaven) at the fifth move, exciting the audience across the country (see an article on the shinfuseki [the new opening strategy] below).
Japanese: 3手目に星(囲碁)、5手目に天元という大胆な布石を披露し、満天下を沸かせた（新布石の項参照）。
English: After advancing to the 159th move, and upon resuming the game after the 13th adjournment, Shusai made the historic move of excellence ('myoshu' in Japanese) to storm Seigen's black territory.
Japanese: 159手目まで進行した後、13回目の打ち継ぎ開始直後に、秀哉は呉の黒地に強襲をかける歴史的妙手を放つ。
English: Seigen, on the other hand, responded by making the contact move ('tsuke' in Japanese) named "Uke no myoshu" (literally, excellent move in response), so that he avoided disruption of his territory, but Shusai captured 5 black stones in the right side as a result of such offence and defense, getting an advantage.
Japanese: 呉も「受けの妙手」と呼ばれたツケで応えて崩壊を免れるが、この攻防の間に秀哉は右方で黒5子を捕獲し、優勢を決定づけた。
English: Later, however, a rumor spread that that myoshu was devised by Shusai's disciple named Nobuaki MAEDA, but the whole truth still remains unknown.
Japanese: しかし後日、この妙手は秀哉の弟子である前田陳爾が案出した手であるという説が流れており、今もって真相は不明のままとなっている。
English: In 1938, at the age of 64, Shusai announced his retirement as a professional go player, playing a retirement game with Minoru KITANI who had won the victory over the league match.
Japanese: 1938年、64歳の秀哉は現役引退を発表し、リーグ戦を勝ち抜いた木谷實を相手に引退碁を打つこととなった。
English: With the longest allotted time of 40 hours in history and the newly adopted rule to seal the move before each adjournment, the game started on June 26.
Japanese: 史上最長となる持ち時間40時間、史上初となる封じ手制で行われ、6月26日に開始された。
English: 20 adjournments were called during the game, and Shusai who was sick and went to hospital in the middle of the game was in danger of giving up, but the game finally reached the end on December 4.
Japanese: 20回の打ちかけをはさみ、途中秀哉の入院などもあり終局まで打ち通せるか危ぶまれもしたが、12月4日に終局。
English: Yasunari KAWABATA, who wrote a review of that retirement game, later novelized the game under the title "Meijin" (The Master of Go).
Japanese: この対局の観戦記を担当した川端康成は後にこれを小説に起こし「名人(小説)」という名で発表している。
English: Tokimune HOJO was the eighth regent of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in the middle of Kamakura period.
Japanese: 北条時宗（ほうじょうときむね）は、鎌倉時代中期の鎌倉幕府第8代執権。
English: While strengthening the power of the Tokuso family within the country, he repulsed two attacks by the Mongolian Empire, which at that time was far more powerful than Japan, and consequently has been regarded by later generations as a hero who had saved the nation of Japan.
Japanese: 内政にあっては得宗権力の強化を図る一方、圧倒的に国力の勝るモンゴルの2度にわたる侵攻を退け、後世には日本の国難を救った英雄とも評される。
English: On June 12, 1251, he was born at Amanawa Mansion of the Adachi clan in Kamakura, Sagami Province.
Japanese: 建長3年（1251年）5月15日(旧暦)、相模国鎌倉、安達氏の甘縄邸に生まれる。
English: Although he had an older paternal half-brother named Hojumaru (Tokisuke HOJO), Shojumaru (Tokimune HOJO) was determined to be the heir because Hojumaru was born from a concubine (thus an illegitimate child).
Japanese: 異母兄に宝寿丸（北条時輔）がいたが、宝寿は側室の子（庶子）であったため、正寿が後継者に指名された。
English: He attained his manhood in 1257 and took the name of Tokimune, one character of his name was taken from that of the Imperial Prince Munetaka, who was seitaishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians").
Japanese: 康元2年（1257年）元服し、征夷大将軍宗尊親王の偏諱を賜り時宗を名乗る。
English: In 1260, he joined the Kozamurai-dokoro, the office in charge of attending on a shogun, and in May 1261, married Kakusan-ni who was a daughter of Yoshikage ADACHI.
Japanese: 文応元年（1260年）、将軍の供奉などを務める小侍所へ入り、弘長元年（1261年）4月に安達義景の娘の覚山尼と結婚。
English: In August 1264, following the 6th Regent Nagatoki HOJO's entrance into the priesthood, Masamura HOJO became the 7th regent, and in August of that year, Tokimune, at the age of 14, assumed the position of rensho (assistant to the regent).
Japanese: 文永元年（1264年）7月、6代執権北条長時が出家、北条政村が7代執権となり、8月には時宗は14歳で執権の補佐を務める連署に就任する。
English: In 1266, in cooperation with Regent Masamura and a powerful member of the family, Sanetoki HOJO, he removed the Imperial Prince Munetaka who was alleged to have plotted a rebellion against the bakufu, and sent him back to Kyoto, replacing him with the Imperial Prince Koreyasu.
Japanese: 執権政村や一族の重鎮北条実時と協力して、文永3年（1266年）に幕府転覆を計画していたとされる宗尊親王の廃位と京都送還、惟康親王の擁立などを行った。
English: In January 1268, envoys from Goryeo visited the Dazai-fu (a local government office in Kyushu region) with an official demand from the Mongolian Empire that it become subject to their rule, which was forwarded to Kamakura.
Japanese: 文永5年（1268年）正月、高麗の使節がモンゴルの国書を持って大宰府を来訪、蒙古への服属を求める内容の国書が鎌倉へ送られる。
English: Tokimune, advised by Masamura, Sanetoki HOJO, Yasumori ADACHI and Yoritsuna TAIRA, discussed foreign diplomacy issues such as how to reply to the official letter from the Mongolian Empire, while they strengthened their defense system against a foreign invasion, and held a prayer service for victory.
Japanese: 時宗は政村や北条実時・安達泰盛・平頼綱らに補佐され、モンゴルの国書に対する返牒など対外問題を協議し、異国警固体制の強化や、降伏の祈祷など行わせる。
English: In 1271, when envoys from the Mongolian Empire visited Japan again to threaten a military invasion, Tokimune ordered retainers in western provinces, including the Shoni clan, to prepare for a war.
Japanese: 文永8年（1271年）、再びモンゴルの使節が来日し武力侵攻を警告すると、少弐氏をはじめとする西国御家人に戦争の準備を整えさせている。
English: Meanwhile, in 1272, in order to consolidate the power of the Tokuso family, he killed his older brother Tokisuke HOJO (who held the office of Rokuhara Tandai Minamikata (Southern Chief of Administrative and Judicial Agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto), and was unhappy with his younger brother Tokimune's having becoming regent and increasing influence in the Imperial Court) as well as brothers from the clan Tokiaki HOJO and Noritoki HOJO who were hyojoshu (members of the Council of State) in the Nigatsu Sodo (the Disturbance of February).
Japanese: また、得宗家の権力を磐石なものとするため、文永9年（1272年）には弟時宗が執権になった事に不満を持って朝廷に接近していた六波羅探題南方の兄北条時輔や、一族の評定衆北条時章・北条教時兄弟を誅殺している（二月騒動）。
English: In 1274, he exiled Nichiren, who had submitted "Rissho Ankoku Ron" (Treatise for Spreading Peace Throughout the Country by Establishing the True Teaching) to the bakufu, to Sado Island.
Japanese: 文永11年（1274年）、『立正安国論』を幕府に上呈した日蓮を佐渡島に配流した。
English: Although the Mongolian army fought well against the Japanese army bearing a large number of soldiers equipped with new weapons, they were forced to withdraw due to either a storm or conflict between commanders over the policy, and thus a full-scale war was avoided.
Japanese: この時の日本軍は元軍の集団戦法や新兵器などに苦戦したが、暴風雨の到来によるとも指揮官たちの方針の分裂が原因とも言われるモンゴル軍の撤退で全面的戦闘は回避された。
English: The following year, when the envoy Shizhong DU came to Japan to recommend Japan surrender, Tokimune met him in Kamakura and executed him.
Japanese: 翌年、降伏を勧める使節杜世忠らが来日すると、鎌倉で引見し、処刑する。
English: Tokimune later seems to have considered sending an army to Goryeo, but eventually abandoned the idea.
Japanese: その後、時宗は高麗出兵を考えていたようだが、これは結局中止となった。
English: He strengthened the country's defense by creating new positions for defense such as the Ikoku Keigo Banyaku (Foreign Enemy Defense) and built stone mounds, which remain still the present day, along the coast of Hakata Bay having learned from the Bunei War.
Japanese: 異国警固番役などを新たに設置して国防を強化し、この文永の役を教訓として博多湾岸に今でも残る石塁を構築した。
English: In the Koan War of 1281, military instructions were given in the name of Tokimune, and officers appointed by the Tokuso family were sent to the battlefield to command the army.
Japanese: 弘安4年（1281年）の弘安の役では、作戦指示が時宗の名で出され、得宗被官が戦場へ派遣されて指揮にあたった。
English: The Mongolian army fought a tough battle against the Japanese army who resisted utilizing their strengthened defense which including stone mound fortifications, and were ultimately destroyed by a storm.
Japanese: モンゴル軍は、石塁などで防御が強化された日本軍の抵抗に苦戦した末、暴風雨のために壊滅した。
English: Thus Tokimune avoided the national crisis of a Mongolian invasion, but many difficult problems were left following the war, such as providing reward grants for the Kamakura bakufu's retainers and the further strengthening of defense in preparation for the third Mongolian invasion.
Japanese: こうして時宗はモンゴル軍の襲来という国難を回避したが、戦後に今度は御家人などに対する恩賞問題などが発生したり、3度目の元軍襲来に備えて改めて国防を強化せねばならないなど、難題がいくつも積み重なっていた。
English: It is said that by 1284 Tokimune had already been confined to his bed, entering into the priesthood on April 27 and dying from disease on that same day at the age of 34.
Japanese: 弘安7年（1284年）にはすでに病床にあったとされ、4月4日には出家し、同日に34歳で病死。
English: Tokimune was a religious man, who had faith in the Zen Buddhism having learned Chinese Zen from foreign priests staying in Japan.
Japanese: 時宗は禅宗に帰依するなど信心深く、来日した渡来僧から中国禅に親しんでいた。
English: His teachers included Doryu RANKEI who was an associate of his father Tokiyori as well as Gottan Funei and Daikyu Shonen who had come to Japan from China during the Southern Sung dynasty.
Japanese: 父の時頼との交友のあった蘭渓道隆、南宋から来日した兀庵普寧・大休正念らに教えられた。
English: After the death of Doryu RANKEI in 1278, he sent envoys to China to extend an invitation for a high priest to come to Japan, an invitation that would go to Mugaku Sogen.
Japanese: 1278年に蘭渓道隆が死去すると名師を招くために中国に使者を派遣し、無学祖元を招聘する。
English: He built Engaku-ji Temple in Kamakura (Yamanouchi, Kamakura City) in 1282 with Sogen as its founding priest, and designated it a Kanto kitosho (temple dedicated to prayer for the security of the Kamakura bakufu) donating the territory of Tomitanosho in Owari Province.
Japanese: 祖元が開山した鎌倉の円覚寺（鎌倉市山之内）の開祖(1282)となり、円覚寺を関東祈祷所とし、尾張国富田庄を寄進する。
English: His portrait "Den Hojo Tokimune Zo" (Portrait Said to Be of Tokimune HOJO) is owned by Mangan-ji Temple in Oguni-machi, Kumamoto Prefecture, although it is pointed out by some people that it is not him.
Japanese: 肖像は、熊本県小国町(熊本県)の満願寺に所蔵されている頂相『伝北条時宗像』があるが、別人ともされる。
English: Among the regents of the Kamakura bakufu, Tokimune a gained good reputation as a wise ruler who had solved the national crisis.
Japanese: 時宗は歴代執権のうち、国難に立ち向かった名君として肯定的に評価された。
English: His achievements were appreciated in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts by Chikafusa KITABATAKE in his book "Jinno Shotoki" (Record of the Legitimate Succession of the Divine Emperors), and in the Edo period, by scholars of Mitogaku (the scholarship and academic traditions that arose in the Mito Domain) and Kokugaku (the study of Japanese classical literature) including Norinaga MOTOORI, and Sanyo RAI.
Japanese: モンゴルの国書に侵略的意図があったとする前提で、南北朝時代には北畠親房が『神皇正統記』において、江戸時代には水戸学や、本居宣長ら国学者、頼山陽らが評価した。
English: In the Meiji period, court ranks were posthumously conferred to those who had fought in the Mongolian invasions, including Tokimune who was awarded Juichii (Junior First Rank), and in the Showa period, many biographies about him were written in the period that led up to the Pacific War.
Japanese: 明治には元寇受難者への追贈で時宗にも従一位が追贈され、昭和には太平洋戦争へ至る時局から評伝などが数多く書かれた。
English: On the other hand, it has also been pointed out that the Kamakura bakufu was ignorant about international affairs when it damaged negotiations with the Mongolian Empire by killing their envoys.
Japanese: 一方でモンゴルの使節を殺害して対日交渉を決裂させた鎌倉幕府の国際情勢に対する無知も指摘されている。
English: As for domestic affairs, he worked to keep his retainers' territories together, and address the problems left following the Mongolian invasions.
Japanese: 内政では、細分化する御家人の所領問題と蒙古襲来の事後処理におわれた。
English: Meanwhile, he assumed control of both internal and external affairs from the Imperial Court in Kyoto following the Mongolian invasions.
Japanese: また、蒙古襲来以降、内政・外交の両面で京都の朝廷から主導権を握ることとなった。
English: According to "Moko Shurai" (Mongolian Invasions) written by Yoshihiko AMINO, this is thought to be the turning point where the Kamakura bakufu became a system of national government organization rather than simply a military organization as 'bakufu.'
Japanese: これを契機として、鎌倉幕府は軍政組織としての「幕府」から全国的な国家組織としての色合いが濃くなっていったとする説がある（網野善彦『蒙古襲来』）。
English: Yoshisuke AYUKAWA (November 6, 1880 to February 13, 1967) was a Japanese entrepreneur and statesman.
Japanese: 鮎川義介（あゆかわよしすけ、1880年（明治13年）11月6日-1967年（昭和42年）2月13日）は、日本の実業家、政治家。
English: *He is sometimes called by his common name, 'Yoshisuke AIKAWA', but his real name is Yoshisuke AYUKAWA.
Japanese: ※通称名で「あいかわよしすけ」と呼ばれることもあるが、本名は「あゆかわよしすけ」である。
English: In 1880 (at the age of 0), he was born to the eldest daughter of the real sister of Kaoru INOUE, Genkun (the statesmen who contributed in the Meiji Period), and Yahachi AYUKAWA, a former samurai of Choshu Domain (the 10th family head), in Ouchi Village, Hikawa County, Yamaguchi Prefecture (present day Ouchi area, Yamaguchi City).
Japanese: 1880年（明治13年、0歳）、明治時代の元勲井上馨の実姉の長女を母とし、旧長州藩武士鮎川弥八（第10代当主）を父として、山口県氷川郡大内村（現在の山口市大内地区）に生れた。
English: He studied at Yamaguchi High School (the old system) and graduated from the Department of Mechanics of the University of Tokyo in 1903 (at the age of 23).
Japanese: 山口高等学校(旧制)を経て、1903年（明治36年、23歳）に東京大学工科大学機械科を卒業。
English: Later, he moved to the US in order to have experience of the Western situation, since all the technology those days were imitations of the Western technology.
Japanese: その後､当時の技術はすべて西欧の模倣であったので、西欧の状況を体験すべく渡米。
English: In 1909 (at the age of 29), he founded Tobata Casting Company (present Hitachi Metals, Ltd.) with the support of Kaoru INOUE.
Japanese: 1909年（明治42年、29歳）、井上馨の支援を受けて戸畑鋳物（現日立金属）を創立。
English: In 1928 (at the age of 48), he became the president of of the Kuhara Mining Company and changed the name of the company to Nihon Sangyo (Nissan).
Japanese: 1928年（昭和3年、48歳）、久原鉱業の社長に就任し、同社を日本産業（日産）と改称。
English: The Kuhara Mining Company managed by his younger brother-in-law, Fusanosuke KUHARA, was on the verge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression after the World War I and KUHARA's entrance into politics, so AYUKAWA reluctantly agreed to take over the position at the request from Giichi TANAKA (Army General) of the Seiyu Party and others, who wished for reconstruction of the company.
Japanese: 義弟久原房之助の経営する久原鉱業は、当時は、第一次世界大戦後の恐慌と久原の政界入りで経営破綻に瀕していたが、政友会の田中義一（陸軍大将）らの再建の懇請にしぶしぶ応じたもの。
English: He changed the company into a holding company, and created Nissan Konzern Company Group, which owned many publicly held holding companies such as Nissan Motors, Nippon Mining, Hitachi, Nissan Chemicals, Nichiyu, Nichirei Corporation, Japan Coal Mine, Nissan Fire Insurance and Nissan Mutual Life Insurance.
Japanese: 会社を持株会社に変更し、公開持株会社として傘下に、日産自動車、日本鉱業、日立製作所、日産化学、日本油脂、ニチレイ、日本炭鉱、日産火災、日産生命など多数の企業を収め、日産コンツェルンを形成。
English: In 1933 (at the age of 53), he took over the production rights for the Datsun from Automobile Industries Company (present Isuzu Mortors) for free, and in December, 1933, he founded Jidosha Seizo Company for the production of Datsun.
Japanese: 1933年（昭和8年、53歳）、自動車工業株式会社（現在のいすゞ自動車）よりダットサンの製造権を無償で譲り受け、同年12月ダットサンの製造のために自動車製造株式会社を設立する。
English: In 1934 (at the age of 54), he changed the name of Jidosha Seizo Company to Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Japanese: 1934年（昭和9年、54歳）、自動車製造株式会社を日産自動車製造株式会社と改称。
English: In 1937 (at the age of 57), he moved Nissan to Manchuria and became the first president and consultant of the Manchurian Industrial Development Company.
Japanese: 1937年（昭和12年、57歳）、日産を満州国に移し、満州重工業開発株式会社として初代総裁・相談役に就任。
English: Around 1939 (at the age of 59), he discussed the world politics with Jiro SHIRASU and others, and concluded that the war between Germany and England and France would end in the victory of England and France.
Japanese: 1939年（昭和14年、59歳）頃には白洲次郎らと世界情勢を語り合い、ドイツと英仏間の戦争は、英仏の勝利との結論を得る。
English: In 1943 (at the age of 63): On November 17, when Ginjiro FUJIWARA became a member of the Tojo Cabinet, AYUKAWA took the position of an advisor of the Cabinet along with Keita GOTO and Teiichi SUZUKI..
Japanese: 1943年（昭和18年、63歳）：11月17日に藤原銀次郎が東條内閣に入閣すると、五島慶太、鈴木貞一らと内閣顧問に就任。
English: After the World War II ended, he was charged with war crime and got arrested in December, 1945, and incarcerated in Sugamo Prision for 20 months, but he was cleared of the charge.
Japanese: 第二次世界大戦終結後、戦争犯罪容疑を受け1945年12月に逮捕され巣鴨拘置所に20か月拘置されたが、容疑が晴れる。
English: In 1952 (at the age of 72), he founded the Small and Medium-Sized Firms Assistance Association with the invenstment of the companies of Nissan Group.
Japanese: 1952年（昭和27年、72歳）、日産グループ各社の出資を得て中小企業助成会を設立。
English: In 1956 (at the age of 76), he founded the Japan Medium and Small Enterprise Political Federation (Chuseiren) and became the president.
Japanese: 1956年（昭和31年、76歳）、日本中小企業政治連盟（中政連）を創立し、総裁に就任。
English: In 1959 (at the age of 79), although he was reelected as a member of the House of Councilors from the nationwide constituency, he resigned from the Diet in December of the same year, taking the responsibility for highly-suspected election violations by campaigners for his second son Kinjiro AYUKAWA who was also elected in the same election.
Japanese: 1959年（昭和34年、79歳）、全国区より参議院に再度当選したが、同時に当選した次男鮎川金次郎派運動員の選挙違反容疑が高まり、12月に責任をとり議員辞職。
English: In 1966 (at the age of 86), although he underwent an operation for his chronic disease, gallbladder inflammation, his recovery was very slow because of his old age and his stay in hospital was prolonged.
Japanese: 1966年（昭和41年、86歳）、持病の胆嚢炎を手術したが、高齢により回復がはかどらず入院が長引く。
English: On February 13, 1967, he died of acute pneumonia occuring as a complication at Surugadai Kyoundo Hospital.
Japanese: 1967年（昭和42年）2月13日、合併症による急性肺炎により駿河台杏雲堂病院にて死去。
English: The Small and Medium-Sized Firms Assistance Association was reorganized into "Techno Venture," an investment company for venture businesses in the generation of the eldest son, Yaichi.
Japanese: 中小企業助成会は長男弥一の代にベンチャービジネス向けの投資会社「テクノベンチャー」に改組している。
English: Second son: Kinjiro AYUKAWA (a statesman), the wife of the second son: Masako (the president of Nones University)
Japanese: 二男：鮎川金次郎（政治家）、二男の妻：雅子（ノーネスユニバーシティ学園長）
English: Other relatives: Nobusuke KISHI (a bureaucrat, statesman, Prime Minister), Eisaku SATO (a bureaucrat, statesman, Prime Minister)
Japanese: その他の親戚：岸信介（官僚、政治家・首相）、佐藤栄作（官僚、政治家・首相）
English: He was the last head of the Ukita clan while it remained a feudal lord family, and a feudal lord of Okayama-jo Castle in Bizen Province, which yielded 574,000-koku (a unit of volume of rice produced in one year; one koku equals approximately 180 liters).
Japanese: 大名家としての宇喜多氏最後の当主であり、備前国岡山城57万4,000石の大名。
English: In 1572 he was born the second son of Naoie UKITA, who was the lord of the Okayama-jo Castle in Bizen Province (Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture).
Japanese: 元亀3年（1572年）、備前国岡山城（岡山県岡山市）主の宇喜多直家の次男として生まれた。
English: In 1582 he inherited the family estate and, at the discretion of Nobunaga ODA, was approved to run the main domain, to which the Ukita clan was then subordinate.
Japanese: 天正10年（1582年）、当時宇喜多氏が従属していた織田信長の計らいにより本領を安堵され、家督を継いだ。
English: After Naoie's death, Nobunaga ordered the incorporation of the Ukita army into Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's expeditionary force, and together they travelled to Chugoku district to help Hideyoshi's attack on Takamatsu-jo Castle (Bicchu Province).
Japanese: 直家の死後、宇喜多軍は信長の命令によって中国遠征を務めていた豊臣秀吉（豊臣秀吉）の遠征軍に組み込まれ、秀吉による高松城(備中国)攻めに協力した。
English: Since Hideie was a child, however, his uncle, Tadaie UKITA led the army on behalf of him.
Japanese: ただし、秀家は幼少のため、叔父の宇喜多忠家が代理として軍を率いている。
English: Due to that reason, Hideyoshi and Terumoto MORI made peace with each other, and Hideie rose to the status of a big feudal lord possessing the territory ranging from eastern Bicchu Province to Mimasaka and Bizen Provinces, while he served keeping watch over the Mori family.
Japanese: このため、秀吉と毛利輝元は和睦することとなり、秀家は備中国東部から美作国・備前を領有する大大名にのし上がり、毛利家の監視役を務めることとなった。
English: Gaining the favor of Hideyoshi, Hideie became his adopted son, before marrying Hideyoshi's adopted daughter, Gohime (Toshiie MAEDA's daughter) in 1586, making her his seishitu (lawful wife).
Japanese: 秀吉の寵愛を受けてその猶子となり、天正14年（1586年）には秀吉の養女（前田利家の娘）の豪姫を正室とする。
English: For that reason he was treated as a member of the Hideyoshi family, despite being a tozama (outside feudal lord).
Japanese: このため、外様ではあるが、秀吉の一門衆としての扱いを受けることとなった。
English: He participated in the Shikoku Conquest in 1585, as well as the Kyushu Conquest in 1586.
Japanese: 天正13年（1585年）の四国征伐、天正14年（1586年）の九州征伐にも参加する。
English: In the Battle of Hekitenkai (ByeogJe Gwan), he took part in successful military exploits with Takakage KOBAYAKAWA, such as defeating the Ming army led by Ru-song LI.
Japanese: 碧蹄館の戦いでは小早川隆景と共に李如松率いる明軍を打ち破るなどの武功を挙げた。
English: In recognition of the this achievement, he was promoted from Sangi (Royal Advisor) to Jusanmi Chunagon (Middle Counselor with Junior Third Rank) in 1594.
Japanese: この功により、文禄3年（1594年）に参議から従三位中納言に昇叙した。
English: As an army supervisor, he crossed the sea with Hidemoto MORI in the Keicho Campaign, which started in 1597.
Japanese: 慶長2年（1597年）からの慶長の役では毛利秀元と共に監軍として渡海する。
English: In 1598, he returned to Japan and was appointed to the Gotairo (Council of Five Elders) by Hideyoshi.
Japanese: 慶長3年（1598年）、日本に帰国し、秀吉から五大老の一人に任じられた。
English: In 1599, after Hideyoshi's death, there were internal squabbles within the Ukita family.
Japanese: 秀吉没後の慶長4年（1599年）、宇喜多家内部で御家騒動が発生した。
English: The family troubles were caused by Hideie's problematic behavior, as well as other senior vassals' dissatisfaction with the autocratic administrative officials of the Ukita family, including Tsunanao OSAFUNE and Jirobe NAKAMURA.
Japanese: 原因は秀家の素行に問題があったことのほか、宇喜多家の執政であった長船綱直や中村次郎兵衛らの専横による他の重臣の不満。
English: Moreover, many vassals in the Ukita family were believers of the Nichiren Sect of Buddhism, but because Gohime was Christian they were ordered by Hideie to convert to Christianity, which caused unrest in the family.
Japanese: さらに宇喜多家では日蓮宗徒の家臣が多かったが、秀家は豪姫がキリシタンであったことから家臣団にキリシタンに改宗するように命令するに至ったため、家中で騒動が起こったのである。