nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In 1173, her husband Yukinori assumed the 19th Kumano betto after Tankai's retirement, but Yukinori died just a few months from his assumption.
Japanese: 承安(日本)3年（1173年）、湛快の引退後、夫・行範は19代熊野別当に就任したが、わずか数か月で死去した。
English: After Yukinori's death, Tatsutahara no nyobo immediately tonsured herself, bore the name of Torii zenni and entered Tosen-ji Temple, her family temple.
Japanese: 行範の死後、「たつたはらの女房」はすぐさま剃髪して鳥居禅尼と名乗り、菩提寺の東仙寺に入る。
English: Incidentally, Tosen-ji Temple is said to have existed near former Shingu-jo Castle, and now, the statues of Amitabha Tathagata, Healing Buddha and others, to which Torii zenni is said to have dedicated her prayers, are enshrined in the temple.
Japanese: ちなみに東仙寺は、旧新宮城付近にあったといわれる寺で、現在鳥居禅尼の祈念仏といわれる阿弥陀如来仏・薬師如来仏などが同寺にまつられている。
English: Torii zenni prayed for Yukinori there, occupying the position of the pivot in the family as a widow, and raised her children.
Japanese: そこで行範の菩提を弔いつつ、後家として一家の要の位置を占め、子供たちを育てた。
English: Of her children, the oldest son Noriyo was adopted by an influential shaso in Nachi and later became the most responsible person at the site of Kumano Nachi-taisha Shrine, and Gyokai (the 21st Kumano betto in later days) was feared by pirates in Ise, "Kokin Chomonju" (A Collection of Tales Heard, Past and Present) says, as a masterful arrow shooter.
Japanese: 鳥居禅尼の子には、那智の有力社僧に養子に入り後に那智執行となった範誉を筆頭に、弓の名手として伊勢の海賊から恐れられたと『古今著聞集』に記された行快（後の22代熊野別当）がいる。
English: And in addition, there existed Hanmyo (later, the 23rd Kumano betto), Gyohen, who became famous as a maker of Japanese poetry in "Shin Kokin Wakashu" (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Poems), and Gyosen and Gyozo, who both became gon no betto (the acting chief) of Kumano betto later.
Japanese: さらには範命（後の23代熊野別当）、『新古今和歌集』の歌人として有名になった行遍、後の権別当の行詮、同じく権別当の行増などがいる。
English: After the Battles between the Minamoto clan and the Taira clan, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, who was the Kamakura shogun and Torii zenni's nephew, rewarded Torii zenni for her contribution during the battles, and she became an immediate vassal of the Kamakura shogunate.
Japanese: 鳥居禅尼は源平の乱後、乱中の数々の功績によって、甥に当たる将軍源頼朝から恩賞を受け、鎌倉幕府の御家人になった。
English: The rewards were, for example, her appointment to Jito (the estate steward) of Sano no sho and Yubashi, both in Ki Province, in 1190, and then to Jito of Tataraki no sho in Tajima Province in 1194 (cf. "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East)).
Japanese: 恩賞の例としては、紀伊国佐野庄および湯橋（1190年）、但馬国多々良岐庄（1194年）などの地頭への任命が挙げられる（『吾妻鏡』）。
English: In 1210, at Torii zenni's request, the Kamakura shogunate permitted her to transfer the position of Jito and control over all territory to her adopted child.
Japanese: 承元4年（1210年）、幕府は鳥居禅尼の願いをいれ、これらすべての知行地の地頭職を養子に譲補することを認めた。
English: The name of the adopted child is unknown, but supposedly, it was Yukitada or Chosen, both the sons of Gyosen (cf. "Azuma Kagami").
Japanese: 養子の名前はわからないが、行詮の子の行忠か長詮が養子とされたと思われる（『吾妻鏡』）。
English: Thanks to these appeals of Torii zenni, Shingu betto-ke (the lineage based in Kumano Hayatama-taisha Shrine assuming Kumano betto for generations) seems to have been treated with the greatest respect as the member of the Kamakura shogunate family, and have expanded their influence inside and outside of Kumano Sanzan (three major shrines, Kumano Hongu-taisha, Kumano Hayatama-taisha and Kumano Nachi-taisha).
Japanese: 新宮別当家は、こうした鳥居禅尼の働きにより鎌倉将軍家の一族として手厚く遇され、熊野三山内外にその勢力を伸ばしていったものと思われる。
English: Though Torii zenni could not become Kumano betto because of her gender, she exerted a great influence through her family members occupying the central part of the organization controlling Kumano Sanzan, such as her husband Yukinori, her younger brother-in-law Noritomo (the 20th Kumano betto), her son-in-law Tanzo (the 21st Kumano betto) and her sons and grandsons, and she is said to have passed away due to considerable old age around 1210.
Japanese: 鳥居禅尼は女性なので別当にこそなれなかったが、熊野三山統轄機構の中枢部にいた夫の行範や義弟の範智（20代熊野別当）、それに娘婿の湛増（21代熊野別当）、さらには子や孫を通じてその影響力を大いに発揮し、1210年頃、かなりの高齢で死去したと伝えられる。
English: TAIRA no Narimasa (years of birth and death unknown) was a court noble in the mid-Heian Period.
Japanese: 平生昌（たいらのなりまさ、生没年不詳）は、日本の平安時代中期の公家。
English: He worked his way up as an official from Daigakuryo (training institute of Personal Authority in Heian Period to foster officials) and served in Tajima Province, at the Imperial Palace as household official to Chugu (FUJIWARA no Teishi/Sadako), as Daishin (judicial official at the administrative office in Kyoto), and in Bicchu Province, and in Harima Province.
Japanese: 大学寮出身の叩き上げで、但馬国・中宮職（藤原定子）大進・備中国・播磨国などを歴任した。
English: In 996 when, FUJIWARA no Korechika was transferred to Dazai Gon no Sochi (deputy administrator of Dazaifu) after his downfall (Chotoku Incident), he secretly returned from Harima Province to enter Kyoto, however Narimasa informed FUJIWARA no Michinaga about Korechika.
Japanese: 長徳2年（996年）藤原伊周が失脚して大宰権帥に左遷された（長徳の変）際、密かに播磨国から入京したが、生昌はこれを藤原道長に密告した。
English: On September 26, 999, when Chugu (the Empress) of Emperor Ichijo, FUJIWARA no Teishi/ Sadako withdrew from the Imperial Palace, as she was pregnant with Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, she chose Narimasa's residence to give birth.
Japanese: 長保元年（999年）8月9日(旧暦)、一条天皇中宮であった藤原定子が敦康親王を懐妊し内裏を退出する際、生昌の邸を行啓先とした
English: (She chose his residence because the residence of the Nijo, where she was born, was burned down in summer of 995, and there was a connection with him through his brother Tadanaka).
Japanese: （生家である二条邸が長徳元年（995年）夏に焼失したため。生昌邸が選ばれたのは、兄である惟仲の縁と思われる）。
English: Sei Shonagon, who was serving Teishi/Sadako at that time, wrote about this event in the "Makurano Soshi" (The Pillow Book) 5th Story titled "When the Empress went down to the residence of Daishin Narimasa..."
Japanese: 当時定子に仕えていた清少納言は、この時の様子を『枕草子』第五段『大進生昌が家に、宮の出でさせ給ふに、』に記している。
English: In 1009 he was permitted to enter the Imperial Palace of Imperial Crown Prince Okisada/ Iyasada (later Emperor Sanjo).
Japanese: 寛弘6年（1009年）、東宮居貞親王（のちの三条天皇）御所への昇殿を許される。
English: His date of death is not known, however, it seems that he had already died as of January, 1017 (the article of December 10, 1016 in"Nihon Ryakki" (Summarized chronicle of Japan)).
Japanese: 没年は不詳だが、長和5年（1016年）12月にはすでに卒去していたらしい（『日本紀略』長和5年12月10日条）。
English: Kouma no Myobu (year of birth and death unknown) was a female waka poet during the reign of Emperor Enyu in the Heian period.
Japanese: 小馬命婦（こうまのみょうぶ、生没年不詳）は、平安時代円融朝の女流歌人。
English: She compiled 'Kouma no Myobu shu' (Personal Poetry Collection of Kouma no Myobu), and her poems were selected into Chokusen wakashu (anthologies of Japanese poetry compiled by Imperial command), such as 'Shui Wakashu' (Collection of Gleanings) and 'Shinkokin Wakashu' (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry).
Japanese: 家集に「小馬命婦集」があり、「拾遺和歌集」、「新古今和歌集」などの勅撰和歌集にも入集している。
English: Apart from the Japanese poetry maker above, there was another Kouma no Myobu who was the daughter of Sei shonagon, well-known for "Makura no soshi" (The Pillow Book).
Japanese: 上記の歌人のほかに、枕草子で知られる清少納言の娘として別人の小馬命婦がいる。
English: She served FUJIWARA no Shoshi (called Jotomonin), the empress of Emperor Ichijo, so she was called Jotomonin Kouma no Myobu.
Japanese: 一条天皇の皇后藤原彰子に仕えたことから上東門院小馬命婦とも称される。
English: FUJIWARA no Koreshige/ Korenari (953-989) was a Court politician in the mid-Heian Period.
Japanese: 藤原惟成（ふじわらのこれしげ/これなり、天暦7年（953年）-永祚(日本)元年（989年））は、平安時代中期の宮廷政治家。
English: Since he was still very young, he served Emperor Kazan, because his mother was the Emperor's nanny, and after Emperor Kazan's enthronement, he exercised influence as one of the closest attendants to the Emperor comparable with FUJIWARA no Yoshichika.
Japanese: 花山天皇の乳母子であった関係によって早くからその身辺に仕え、その即位後は藤原義懐と並ぶ第一の側近として権勢を振るった。
English: Especially, he is said to have played a central role by handling practical matters, in the implementation of 'Kazan shinsei (new laws issued by Emperor Kazan),' including Manor Regulation Acts.
Japanese: 特に、荘園整理令を初めとする「花山新制」の施行に当たっては、実務面において中心的な役割を担ったとされる。
English: However, when Emperor Kazan was forced to abdicate the throne and enter the priesthood due to a political upheaval in 986, he also retired from the politics and became a priest, following the Emperor.
Japanese: しかし寛和2年（986年）の政変によって花山天皇が退位・出家に追い込まれると、自らもこれに従い、出家の上政界から引退した。
English: FUJIWARA no Ietaka (date of birth: unknown to December 14, 1125) was a retainer of the Imperial Court during the late Heian Period.
Japanese: 藤原家隆（ふじわらのいえたか、生年未詳-天治2年11月11日(旧暦)（1125年12月7日））は平安時代末期の廷臣。
English: Although he was born in a Sekkan-ke (the families which produced the Regent and the Chief Adviser to the Emperor), since his mother was from a low status family and he lost his father in his infancy, he was not able to attain the position of a court noble.
Japanese: 摂関家の子弟として生まれながら、母の身分が低く、また早くに父を喪ったこともあって、公卿昇任は果たせずに終わっている。
English: It is said that he associated closely with Tadazane, his older paternal-half brother, and following Tadazane, he took a daughter of Tosa no kami (governor of Tosa Province) FUJIWARA no Morizane, and had FUJIWARA no Naritaka as his legitimate son.
Japanese: 異母兄の忠実に近侍したとされ、忠実と同じく土佐守藤原盛実の娘を妻として、嫡子藤原成隆を儲けている。
English: It is also known that one of his daughters, (FUJIWARA no Shoshi nyobo (a court lady served to FUJIWARA no Shoshi)) became a concubine of TAIRA no Tadamori, and had TAIRA no Norimori.
Japanese: また娘の一人（藤原璋子女房）が平忠盛の側室となって、平教盛を儲けたことでも知らていれる。
English: In the article 32 of "Chugaisho" vol. II, there is a description, in which Tadazane's grandson, Keigaku, who was Betto (Secretary in the office of temple) of Kofuku-ji Temple, complained of his status as a priest.
Japanese: 『中外抄』下巻第32条には、忠実の孫である興福寺別当覚継が出家の身にあることに不満を述べている。
English: And it is said that referring to this, NAKAHARA no Moromoto, Keishi (household superintendent) of Tadazane, commented, 'Keigaku has fortunately gained the present position in the Buddhist world, thanks to the backing of Tadazane, but if there had not been such support, he would not be able to surpass even the position of Ietaka even in secular society.'
Japanese: それに対し、忠実の家司中原師元が「覚継は忠実の引き立てがあるから仏教界においても今日の地位を得ているのであり、たとえ俗界にあったとしてもその後ろ盾が無ければ、家隆の地位をも越えることができないであろう」と語ったとある。
English: In this comment, Ietaka's name was used as an example to show that being the son of Sekkan-ke did not always promise success in life.
Japanese: 摂関家師弟であったとしても必ずしも栄達できる訳ではないことの事例として引き合いに出されている。
English: After ages, the Tokunaga clan, which was the lord of the Takasu domain in Mino Province in the earlier Edo Period, claimed that his clan was a descendent of Ietaka.
Japanese: 後世、江戸時代前期において美濃国高須藩主であった徳永氏は、この家隆の末裔を称している。
English: KUZE Michinori (1593-1628) was a court noble during the early Edo Period.
Japanese: 久世通式（くぜみちのり、文禄2年（1593年）-寛永5年（1628年））は江戸時代初期の公卿。
English: The Kyoto Kuze family are court nobles belonging to the House of Urin (holding military ranks) and are descendents of the Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan), and Michinori KUZE was the first generation of the Kuze family and the second son of Atsumichi KOGA., who was the 19th generation of the Koga family.
Japanese: 久我家19代敦通の次男通式を初代とする京都久世家は村上源氏の流れを組む羽林家の公家である。
English: In addition to the Kuze family, there are eight court noble families separated from the Koga family; they are: the Nakanoin family, the Rokujo family, the Iwakura family, the Chigusa family, the Higashikuze family, the Umetani family, the Atago family and the Uematsu family.
Japanese: 久我家から分岐した公家諸家としては、久世家の他に中院家、六条家、岩倉家、千種家、東久世家、梅渓家、愛宕家、植松家の8家がある。
English: The time in which Michinori formed the Kuze family, that separated from the Koga family, is not clearly known, but in November 1619, Michinori was granted a shoryo (territory) that yielded 200-koku (36.078 cubic meters of crop yield) at Shimokuze Village, Otsukuni County, Yamashiro Province.
Japanese: 通式が久我家から分家して久世家を興した時期は明確でないが、通式は元和(日本)5年（1619年）10月に所領として山城国乙訓郡下久世村において二百石を新知されている。
English: Since he took the third daughter of Tadataka HOSOKAWA (after the disinheritance, he called himself NAGAOKA Kyumu), Fukuhime (Princess Fuku) (1609-1635) as his lawful wife, and as Tadataka was the first son of the lord of Higo domain, Tadaoki HOSOKAWA, even after Fukuhime's death, he continued to be granted the yield of rice from the Hosokawa clan.
Japanese: 通式が肥後藩主細川忠興の長男細川忠隆（廃嫡後は長岡休無）の三女福姫（1609-1635）を正室にした由縁で、福姫死後も助成米が細川氏から送られている。
English: And when Tadataka HOSOKAWA died, according to his will, Michinori's son Michitoshi KUZE succeeded to the privilege of receiving the grant of 100-koku (18.039 cubic meters of crop yield).
Japanese: また細川忠隆死去にあたりその遺志として、子の久世通俊に助成米として年百石が贈られるようになった。
English: After Michinori KUZE, the family was succeeded by Michitoshi KUZE, Michioto KUZE and others, and it can be counted up to the 22nd generation since Michinori.
Japanese: 久世通式以後は、通式－久世通俊－久世通音と続き、現在まで22代続く。
English: Numerous documents derived from the Kyoto Kuze family of Yamashiro Province are kept in Meiji University, etc., and the study on the family is carried out in the National Institute of Japanese Literature and others.
Japanese: 膨大な山城国京都久世家文書が明治大学などに残され、国文学研究資料館などで研究されている。
English: TSUKASA Tayu, whose real name was Yukie NAKAGAWA, was Shimabara Tayu (a high ranking courtesan of Shimabara District of Kyoto).
Japanese: 司太夫（つかさ・たゆう）、本名・中川幸永（なかがわゆきえ）は嶋原太夫。
English: At one time, she worked as a maiko (apprentice geisha) and was called "Namiko," in Gion Kobu (the largest entertainment area in Kyoto).
Japanese: かつては祇園甲部で舞妓、『奈見子』（なみこ）という芸名で在籍していた。
English: Since her infancy, she learned classical Japanese dance, tea ceremony, flower arrangement and koto music among others, and after graduating from junior high school, she joined a yakata (okiya or geisha dwelling) at Gion Kobu to get training and at the age of 16 she became maiko.
Japanese: 幼少の頃から日本舞踊、茶道、華道、箏曲等を習い、中学卒業後、祇園甲部の屋形（置屋）に入り修業の後16歳で舞妓になる。
English: After terminating the term of the service, she received the offer of the owner of "Wachigaiya," a yakata and ochaya (teahouse where maiko or geisha perform their accomplishments) in Shimabara District, who proposed the post of Tayu, saying, 'one of our Tayu left out our house, wouldn't you like to be Tayu?' and in this way she became Tayu at the age of 23 and announced herself as "Tsukasa Tayu."
Japanese: 年季が明けた後、嶋原の屋形でお茶屋である『輪違屋』の当主に「太夫の一人が辞めてしまう、太夫になってみないか」と声をかけられ、23歳で太夫となり、『司太夫』と名乗る。
English: In 2001, she published a newspaper "Kottai" (term of Tayu specifically used in the Shimabara District), and although at the beginning the paper was distributed only to a limited number of readers, its reputation had been gradually spread across the country by word of mouth.
Japanese: 2001年に新聞『こったい』（嶋原では太夫のことをこう呼んでいる）を発行し、当初は一部の読者に配られていたが口コミにより、全国に広まる。
English: In December of the same year, she resuscitated an annual festival "Mochitsuki" (rice cake making festival) in Shimabara, after a 12-year absence.
Japanese: 同年12月に嶋原の年中行事で12年間途絶えていた『餅つき』を再興させた。
English: Editorial Department, Recruit Works Co., Ltd. "Omotenashi no Genryu: Nihon no Dento ni Service no Honshitsu wo Saguru" (Origin of 'Omotenashi' (hospitality): Exploring the essence of Service in the Japanese tradition), Eiji Press Inc.: December 25, 2007, ISBN 4862760333 (an interview in Lecture 3 'Hanamachi' - entertainment area).
Japanese: リクルートワークス編集部『おもてなしの源流　日本の伝統にサービスの本質を探る』英治出版、2007年12月25日、ISBN4862760333（第３講「花街」にインタビュー掲載）
English: Tatsuaki KURODA (September 21, 1904 - June 4, 1982) was a Japanese lacquer artist and wood worker.
Japanese: 黒田辰秋（くろだたつあき、1904年9月21日-1982年6月4日）は、漆芸家、木工家。
English: 1924: KURODA was impressed with Kanjiro KAWAI's speech and became a member of the Mingei (folk crafts) movement lead by people such as KAWAI and Soetsu YANAGI.
Japanese: 1924年（大正13）頃に河井寛次郎の講演に感銘を受け、河井や柳宗悦らの民藝運動に加わる
English: 1966: KURODA 's wiped lacquer artworks, such as a display shelf, door decoration, a chair, and a table, were delivered to the new Royal Palace building.
Japanese: 1966年（昭和41）皇居新宮殿の拭漆樟大飾棚、扉飾、椅子、卓を制作
English: April 25, 1970: KURODA was designated as an important intangible cultural property holder of 'wood working' (a living national treasure).
Japanese: 1970年（昭和45）4月25日、重要無形文化財「木工芸」保持者（人間国宝）認定
English: Kanenaga FUJIWARA (1138 - 1158) is a court politician during the late Heian period.
Japanese: 藤原兼長（ふじわらのかねなが、保延4年（1138年）-保元3年（1158年）正月）は平安時代末期の宮廷政治家。
English: While he was once named as Tadatsune by his father Yorinaga in 1145, his name was changed to Kanenaga on the following day due to his grandfather Tadazane FUJIWARA's strong opposition.
Japanese: 久安元年（1145年）に、父頼長より「忠経」の名を与えられるが、祖父藤原忠実の強硬な反対により翌日兼長と改められた。
English: Tadazane cited, as the reason, the fact that the name is ominous because the pronunciation of the name is the same as that of Tadatsune TAIRA, who was killed as an enemy of the court.
Japanese: この理由として忠実は、朝敵として討滅された平忠常と同訓であることの不吉を説いている。
English: At that time, Kanenaga's father Yorinaga was in the position to succeed the family fortune of the Fujiwara Regent Family from his elder brother Tadamichi FUJIWARA in the future.
Japanese: 当時、父の頼長は、その兄藤原忠通から摂関家の家督を将来的に相続すべき立場にあった。
English: With such a background, Kanenaga, who was the eldest son of Yorinaga, was promoted rapidly in the court, and ranked as Goi (Fifth Rank) Konoefu when he was only eleven years old.
Japanese: その流れの中で頼長の嫡男たる兼長の官途も順調であり、久安4年（1148年）には11歳にして五位近衛府に進んでいる。
English: Kanenaga was adopted by his uncle Tadamichi and Kanenaga's maturity ceremony was held at Tadamichi's house.
Japanese: また伯父である忠通の猶子ともなり、同年忠通の近衛邸で元服を果たしている。
English: However, Tadamichi was reluctant to allow Yorinaga succeed the family fortune, because Tadamichi's eldest son Motozane FUJIWARA was born in 1143.
Japanese: しかし、康治2年（1143年）に嫡男藤原基実を得ていた忠通は、内心では頼長流への家督移譲に対して消極的であった。
English: Therefore, Kanenaga's promotion in the court after that time had nothing to do with Tadamichi and was achieved by his biological father Yorinaga's political power, who succeeded the family fortune of the Fujiwara Regent Family from Tadamichi in 1150.
Japanese: したがってこれ以降の兼長の昇進は忠通の関与するところではなく、むしろ忠通に代わって久安6年（1150年）に藤氏長者となって実権を握った実父頼長の威光によるものであった。
English: Kanenaga was promoted to Shonii (Senior Second Rank) and Chunagon (vice-councilor of state) in 1153, and came to also hold the post of Konoefu in 1154.
Japanese: 仁平3年（1153年）には正二位中納言に達し、翌仁平4年（1154年）には近衛府を兼任。
English: In 1154, He was appointed as the chief of the spring festival of the Kasuga-taisha shrine and left Kyoto with a long procession of many attending nobilities and samurai, such as Tameyoshi MINAMOTO, under his command for the festival.
Japanese: この年、春日祭上卿を勤め、多くの殿上人や源為義らの武士を含む大行列を従え、盛大に京を出立している。
English: He received an appropriate education as a child of a high ranking nobility, including dancing lessons by Mitsuchika KOMA, for example.
Japanese: 狛光近の指導により舞踊にも長ずるなど、上流貴族の子弟に相応しい教育を受けていた。
English: However, the confrontation between Yorinaga and Tadamichi became increasingly serious in connection with internal struggles inside the Royal Family and finally lead to the Hogen Rebellion in 1156.
Japanese: しかし、頼長と忠通の対立は、皇室内部の角逐とも相まって極点に達し、遂に保元元年（1156年）の保元の乱の勃発を招くに至った。
English: Kanenaga stood by in Uji together with his brothers during the rebellion and surrendered after Yorinaga's defeat and death.
Japanese: この際兼長は弟達とともに宇治に待機するが、やがて頼長の敗北・戦死という事態を受けて降伏した。
English: KOSE no Notari (750 - January 9, 817) was an army general and politician in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 巨勢野足（こせののたり、天平21年（750年）-弘仁7年12月14日(旧暦)（817年1月9日））は、平安時代初期の将軍、政治家。
English: In 810, he was appointed to Kurodo no to along with FUJIWARA no Fuyutsugu, which shows he was highly valued also in the political community.
Japanese: 大同(日本)5年（810年）には、藤原冬嗣とともに蔵人頭になるなど、政界でも重んじられていたことがわかる。
English: Shoin (also called Seiin, 943 - June 13, 995) was a Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect and a waka poet in the Heian period.
Japanese: 清胤（しょういん（「清因（せいいん）」とも）、天慶6年（943年）-長徳元年5月8日_(旧暦)（995年6月13日））は、平安時代の天台宗の僧侶・歌人。
English: Michimura NAKANOIN (February 22, 1588 - March 28, 1653) was a nobleman in the early Edo period.
Japanese: 中院通村（なかのいんみちむら、天正16年1月26日(旧暦)（1588年2月22日）-承応2年2月29日(旧暦)（1653年3月28日））は江戸時代前期の公卿。
English: He was a gritty person because it is said that when the third Shogun Iemitsu TOKUGAWA requested Kokindenju from Michimura, Michimura rejected the request.
Japanese: 江戸幕府3代将軍徳川家光に古今伝授を所望されたが、断ったという逸話がある硬骨の人。
English: He was a highbrow similar to his father-in-law Yusai HOSOKAWA and also had adequate knowledge of painting.
Japanese: また、絵画などにも造詣があるなど、舅の細川幽斎に劣らぬ教養人でもあった。
English: Shisui ROKKAKU (April 24, 1867 - April 15, 1950) was a Japanese lacquer artist.
Japanese: 六角紫水（ろっかくしすい、1867年4月24日(慶応3年3月20日(旧暦))-1950年(昭和25年)4月15日）は、日本の漆器。
English: ROKKAKU graduated from the department of elementary education of Hiroshima normal school (now faculty of education of Hiroshima University) and worked as a teacher at an elementary school run by his old school.
Japanese: 1883年（明治16年）広島師範学校初等師範科（現広島大学教育学部）卒業後、母校の小学校で教員を務めた。
English: Then, he moved to Tokyo and entered the department of Japanese lacquer art of the Tokyo fine arts school (now Tokyo university of the arts) as a member of the first class of the department.
Japanese: その後に、上京、東京美術学校（現東京芸術大学）の一期生として漆工科へ入学。
English: When OKAKURA quit the Tokyo fine arts school in 1898, ROKKAKU quit the school as well and cooperated with OKAKURA in founding the Japan art institute.
Japanese: 1898年（明治31年）、岡倉が同校を辞職した際にも行動をともにし日本美術院の創立に参加。
English: They worked in the Orient department of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and the Metropolitan Museum of Art to classify Oriental fine arts stored at these museums.
Japanese: ボストン美術館東洋部、メトロポリタン美術館に勤務し東洋美術品の整理に従事した。
English: ROKKAKU studied a variety of classical techniques associated with the Shosoin Treasures, Rakuro lacquer ware, etc. and actually applied those techniques to his own works while teaching at his old school.
Japanese: 母校で後進の指導に当たりながら、正倉院宝物や楽浪漆器など幅広い古典技法の研究と応用作品を発表。
English: When an art craft division was newly established in the Exhibition of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, ROKKAKU exhibited his works as a member of the selecting committee and Mukansa (a person who need not be submitted to the selecting committee).
Japanese: 1927年（昭和2年）帝展に工芸部が新設されると審査員、無鑑査として作品を発表した。
English: His work 'Gyotenkogonozu-shikki' exhibited at the 11th Exhibition of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts was awarded the Teikokubijutsuin prize in 1930.
Japanese: 1930年（昭和5年）第11回帝展に出品した「暁天吼号之図漆器」が帝国美術院賞を受賞した。
English: He has left great achievements, such as renovation of the Chusonji-konjikido temple and the Itsukushima-jinja shrine, research work on cultural properties of old temples and shrines, invention of white Japanese lacquer, etc. as one of the pioneers of the Japanese lacquer art.
Japanese: 中尊寺金色堂や厳島神社社殿の修復、古社寺文化財の調査、白漆の発明など、日本の漆工芸界の草分けとして大きな功績を残した。
English: FUJIWARA no Asako (or Tomoko, year of birth unknown - February 19, 1166) was a woman in the later Heian period.
Japanese: 藤原朝子（ふじわらのあさこ/ともこ、生年不詳-永万2年1月10日(旧暦)（1166年2月19日））は平安時代後期の女性。
English: At first, Asako served FUJIWARA no Shoshi (also called Taikenmonin) who was the empress of Emperor Toba, and Asako began to be called Ki no tsubone because Asako's father was Ki no kuni no kokushi (the governor of Ki Province).
Japanese: 初め、鳥羽天皇の妃・藤原璋子に仕え、父が紀伊国国司であったことから紀伊局と呼ばれるようになった。
English: After Imperial Prince Masahito ascended the throne as Emperor Goshirakawa, Asako began to be given senior positions, such as Naishi no suke (the first-ranking Court lady) in 1157 and Junii (Junior Second Rank) in 1159, and she was called 'Ki no nii' for the rank.
Japanese: 雅仁親王が後白河天皇として即位すると重んじられて、保元2年（1157年）には典侍に任命され、2年後には従二位に叙せられたため、「紀伊二位」とも呼ばれた。
English: Later, she returned to Kamakura, and after Tokiuji's death in 1230, she became a Buddhist nun and began to live in the residence of Amanawa, her parents' home.
Japanese: のちに鎌倉に戻り、寛喜2年（1230年）の時氏の死後、出家して実家の甘縄邸に住んだ。
English: "Tsurezuregusa" (Essays in Idleness) mentions at the paragraph number 184 an anecdote that she herself repaired the paper sliding door and taught the spirit of frugality to Tokiyori, and this anecdote was also picked up by the textbook of Japanese-language in the Showa period.
Japanese: 『徒然草』184段に、障子の切り貼りを手づからしてみせて時頼に倹約の心を伝えたという逸話がみえ、昭和期の国語教科書などにも取り上げられた。
English: MINAMOTO no Norimasa (dates of birth and death unknown) was a noble who lived in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 源　則理（みなもと・の・のりまさ、生没年不詳）は、平安時代後期の貴族。
English: He was Tajima no kuni no kami (Governor of Tajima Province), but he illegally collected land taxes from shrine territories.
Japanese: 嘗て但馬国守だったが、社領から年貢を取り立てるという非法行為を行っていた。