nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: (In the mountain there, I took off my clothes and practiced Zen meditation sitting cross-legged on a rock on which I put down all my clothes, not caring about losing my life, for seven days without eating until I fell spontaneously. Since someone did not necessarily bring any food, I often did not have a meal for days and days.)
Japanese: （そこの山で7日間も食べず、岩の上に着物を引いて命も惜しまず、自然に転げ落ちるまで座禅をしました。誰かが食べ物を持ってくるわけでもないので何日も何日も食事しないことが多かったのです）
English: Then when I spit, it was bloody, stiffen and round as large as the head of a thumb.
Japanese: のちには痰を吐きますれば、おやゆびの頭ほどなる血の痰がかたまって、ころりころりとまん丸に成って出ました。
English: One time I spit bloody sputum on a wall and watched as it ran down.
Japanese: あるとき痰を壁にはきかけて見ましたれば、ころりころりとこけて落ちるほどにござったわいの。
English: (The illness became more serious, my body became weak, and I started to spit phlegm.
Japanese: （病気がだんだん重くなり体が衰弱して痰を吐くようになってしまいました。
English: Then I suddenly realized that I was making a vain effort because I had not known that everything was unborn or fusho (to not live in the world of hesitation).
Japanese: おりふしにひょっと、一切事は不生でととのうものを、いままで得知らいで、さてさて無駄骨を折ったことかなと思い居た。
English: (Since it was in such a situation, I kept thinking, "Oh, I am dying."
Japanese: （そんな状況なので「ああ、もう死んでしまうな」とばかり考えていたのです。
English: However, then I suddenly realized that my ascetic practices were vain efforts since I did not know "all things were unborn."
Japanese: ところが、その時ひょっと「全てのことは不生だった」ということを知らなかったので、無駄骨を折って修行してしまったなあと思いました。
English: He lived at Sanyu-ji Temple, Bizen Province, in 1654, enlightened feudal retainers of Okayama Domain and embraced territorial lords, such as Shigenobu (Tensho) MATSUURA of Hirado, Hizen Province.
Japanese: 1654年（承応3年）備前国三友寺に住して岡山藩士を教化、肥前国平戸の松浦鎮信(天祥)など諸大名の帰依を受けた。
English: He preached Buddhism in friendly tone with dialect, as described above, to broad range of people including common people.
Japanese: 上記のような方言交じりの親しみやすい語調で幅広く一般庶民に法を説いた。
English: He interpreted Hannya Shingyo (Heart Sutra), which was previously explained only in kanbun (Sino-Japanese), colloquially in plain language.
Japanese: これまで漢文でしか解釈されなかった般若心経も口語でわかり易く解釈した。
English: (snip) We all were born only with a Buddha mind when our parents had given birth to us, but nothing else.
Japanese: （中略）人々みな親の生み付けてたもったは、仏心ひとつで余のものはひとつも生み附けはしませぬわいの。
English: Cloistered Imperial Prince Shucho (September 3, 1634 - June 12, 1680) was the first Rinnojinomiya Monzeki (temple formerly led by founder of sect, temple in which resided a member of nobility or imperial family) or Nikko Monzeki.
Japanese: 守澄法親王（しゅちょうほっしんのう、寛永11年7月11日(旧暦)（1634年9月3日）-延宝8年5月16日(旧暦)（1680年6月12日））は、初代輪王寺宮門跡（日光門跡とも呼ばれる）。
English: He was bestowed various titles such as nihon (the second court rank for Imperial Princes), Isshin Ajari (a special class of the teaching priests, who are noble and permitted to play role of ajari), Ippon (First Order of an Imperial Prince), Goji, Gissha (special permission from the Emperor to enter the imperial palace in an ox-drawn cart), and Kenpu Ajari (teaching priests, who were in charge of inspections and sealing) from the Imperial Court.
Japanese: 朝廷より二品・一身阿闍梨・一品・護持・牛車・検封阿闍梨などの宣下を受ける。
English: As part of the policy of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) concerning the Imperial Court and religion, the bakufu submitted a request to the Imperial Court in 1638 for a prince to move outside of Kyoto (regarded as "descending" from the holy Imperial compounds to the lower world), and an understanding was reached beteween the bakufu and the Imperial Court the following year for such an arrangement.
Japanese: 1638年（寛永15）江戸幕府が対朝廷政策・宗教政策の一環として、幕府が朝廷に対して皇子下向の要請を出し、翌年に幕府と朝廷との間に皇子下向の契約が結ばれる。
English: After he performed the ritual to pray for peace at the palace in November, the Imperial Court bestowed the title of Rinno-ji Temple on Mt. Nikko.
Japanese: 11月　大内裏安鎮修法を行い、朝廷から日光山に対し「輪王寺」号を与えられる。
English: The bakufu named Rinnojinomiya Monzeki as the chief priest in charge of the three mountains of Mt. Hiei, Mt. Toei and Mt. Nikko.
Japanese: 1656年（明暦2）2月、幕府により輪王寺宮門跡が比叡山・東叡山・日光山の三山を管領する長として定められる。
English: In April 1658 during the memorial ceremony to commemorate the 27th anniversary of the death of Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Cloistered Imperial Prince Shucho petitioned a grand pardon.
Japanese: 1658年（万治元）4月、徳川秀忠27回忌法会において、守澄法親王の請願により大赦令が出された。
English: He visited Kyoto in May 1666 to meet with Gomizuoin and to attend the memorial prayer services for Emperors Goyozei and Gokomyo.
Japanese: 1666年（寛文6）5月、後水尾院との対面、後陽成天皇・後光明天皇の法会のため上洛。
English: He again visited Kyoto in May 1673 for the reestablishing of Chinese characters to be avoided and to attend the tokudo (enter the Buddhist priesthood) of Cloisered Imperial Prince Tenshin, who was later to become the second Rinnojinomiya Monzeki.
Japanese: 1673年（延宝元）5月　諱改めと後に第2代輪王寺宮門跡になる天真法親王の得度に立ち会うため上洛。
English: He visited Kyoto in January 1677 and May 1678 to pray for the recovery from illness of Tofukumonin Kazuko.
Japanese: 1677年（延宝5）1月と翌年5月に東福門院和子の病気の祈祷のため上洛。
English: Jisan (1637-August 7, 1690) was a scholar monk during the early Edo period.
Japanese: 慈山（じさん、寛永14年（1637年）-元禄3年7月3日(旧暦)（1690年8月7日）は、江戸時代前期の学僧。
English: In 1664, at the age of 17, he entered the Buddhist priesthood and received the Inka (Certification of spiritual achievement) under Raiho Zenji (Master of Zen Buddhism) of Kazan-ji Temple in Yamashina.
Japanese: 1664年（寛文4年）17歳で山科花山寺の雷峰禅師のもとで得度、印可を受けた。
English: At Mt. Hiei, because he rejected the oral transmission of doctrine and proposed Shojoritsu (rules in Hinayana Buddhism) instead, he was kicked out of the Tendai Sect.
Japanese: 比叡山では口伝法門を排して小乗律を主唱したことから天台宗側から排斥された。
English: Jisyu (1734 - April 28, 1801), a Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect and a composer of Chinese poems, lived in the mid-Edo period.
Japanese: 慈周（じしゅう、享保19年（1734年）-享和元年3月16日(旧暦)（1801年4月28日））は、江戸時代中期の天台宗の僧・漢詩人。
English: He had been an avid student since childhood, and he learned prose and poetry under Toko NOMURA of Hikone; later he moved to Edo and studied under Ryumon MIYASE.
Japanese: 幼い頃から学問を好み、彦根の野村東皐（のむらとうこう）に詩文を学び、その後江戸に出て宮瀬龍門に師事した。
English: Later, while he was living in places such as Kyoto, Edo and Kashiwabara in Omi Province, he communicated with various people.
Japanese: のちには京都・江戸・近江国柏原などに住しながら様々な人々と交流した。
English: Ninjitsu (1091-July 11, 1131) was a priest of the Tendai sect in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 仁実（にんじつ、寛治5年（1091年）-天承元年6月8日(旧暦)（1131年7月4日））は、平安時代後期の天台宗の僧。
English: As the second son of FUJIWARA no Kinzane, his mother was FUJIWARA no Koshi (a daughter of FUJIWARA no Takakata) and he was an older paternal half-brother to Taikenmonin FUJIWARA no Shoshi.
Japanese: 藤原公実の次男。母は藤原光子（藤原隆方女）。待賢門院藤原璋子の異母兄。
English: Ninjitsu entered the temple on Mt. Hiei and learned about the Tendai Sect while studying under Ninkaku, Ningen, Keicho, Ningo, Shokaku and Sokan.
Japanese: 比叡山に上り、仁覚・仁源・慶朝・仁豪・相覚・宗観などに師事して天台教学を学んだ。
English: In 1123, assuming the post of Tendai-zasu (the head priest of the Tendai sect) at the youthful age of 33, Ninjitsu was the first case of anyone assuming the post younger than the age of 40.
Japanese: 1123年（保安(元号)4年）33歳の若さで天台座主に就任したが、これは40歳未満の天台座主就任の初例とされる。
English: Filling the post of Kanjo Daiajari (a priest who has received the special anointment transmitting the teaching and rituals of esoteric Buddhism) of Saisho-ji Temple and Sonsho-ji Temple, Ninjitsu retired from his post as Tendai-zasu in 1131.
Japanese: 最勝寺・尊勝寺の灌頂大阿闍梨を務め、大治(日本)5年（1131年）に座主を辞退。
English: Later on, Ninjitsu became the Shobodai-in betto (the head priest of Shobodai-in Temple) and Hosho-ji Gon no betto (acting head priest of Hosho-ji Temple), but died on July 11th, 1131.
Japanese: 翌年の天承元年（1131年）証菩提院別当・法勝寺権別当となるが、同年6月8日に没した。
English: Yuizen (1253-March 23, 1317) was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) in the late Kamakura period.
Japanese: 唯善（ゆいぜん、建長5年（1253年）-文保元年2月2日(旧暦)（1317年3月15日））は、鎌倉時代後期の浄土真宗の僧。
English: After that, Yuizen received outside help from Yuien (Yuien of Kawada) and converted to Jodo Shinshu.
Japanese: その後唯円（河和田の唯円）により他力法門に接して浄土真宗に改宗した。
English: When the Senju Nenbutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nenbutsu) was threatened to be prohibited in the Kanto region in 1303, Yuizen went down to Kanto to protect it.
Japanese: 1303年（嘉元元年）関東における専修念仏が禁止されそうになると、関東にくだりこれを護った。
English: He then had a dispute with Kakunyo, Kakue's child, about the succession of the Otani-byodo Mausoleum and capitulated, returning to Kamakura in Sagami Province with the head of the founder's statue.
Japanese: その後覚恵の子覚如と大谷廟堂の相続について争いがあり、それに敗れて祖像の首を持って相模国鎌倉に下った。
English: Shinbutsu (March 17, 1209 - April 13, 1258) was a Pure Land Sect Buddhist priest in the mid-Kamakura period.
Japanese: 真仏（しんぶつ、承元3年2月10日(旧暦)（1209年3月17日）-正嘉2年3月8日(旧暦)（1258年4月13日））は、鎌倉時代中期の浄土真宗の僧。
English: It is said that Shinbutsu studied under Shinran at Inada Soan (now Sainen-ji Temple in Inada, Kasama City, Ibaraki Prefecture) around 1224 and he had Shinran shave his head to become a priest in 1225.
Japanese: 1224年（元仁元年）ごろ稲田草庵（現在茨城県笠間市稲田にある西念寺）で親鸞に師事してその教を受け、翌1225年（嘉禄元年）に親鸞より剃髪を受けたという。
English: In 1227, Shinbutsu went to Kyoto and became the chief priest of Kosho-ji Temple (Bukko-ji Temple) under the order of his mentor.
Japanese: 1227年（安貞元年）上洛し、師の命により興正寺（仏光寺）の寺主となる。
English: In 1232, he gave Kosho-ji Temple to Genkai and became the chief priest of Nyorai-do Temple (latter-day Senju-ji Temple) in Takada, Shimotsuke Province; he also travelled around the country to preach Pure Land Buddhism while correcting the wrong teachings that had been spread throughout the Tohoku region.
Japanese: 1232年（貞永元年）興正寺を源海に譲って下野国高田如来堂（のちの専修寺）を継ぎ、諸国をめぐって浄土教を広める一方、東北では当地で広まっていた異義を正している。
English: In 1257, he came back to Kyoto, where he had an audience with Shinran, and soon left for the Kanto region.
Japanese: 1257年（正嘉元年）に一旦帰京し親鸞に拝謁したが、再び関東に下向している。
English: Nyorai-do Temple in Takada, Shimotsuke Province, was the center of Shinran's teaching in the Kanto region, and the Takada Sect was formed around it, and Shinbutsu was a leading figure of the Sect.
Japanese: 親鸞の関東教化の拠点であった下野国高田の如来堂を中心に高田門徒が形成され、真仏はその中心的な存在であった。
English: Senkan (918-January 23, 984) was a priest of the Tendai Sect in the mid Heian period.
Japanese: 千観（せんかん、延喜18年（918年）-永観元年12月13日(旧暦)（984年1月18日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: Later on he was influenced by Kuya and devoted himself to the Jodo (Pure Land) sect and prepared the "Praise of Amida" as the first Wasan (Japanese hymn) to educate the masses.
Japanese: 後に空也の影響を受けて浄土教へ傾倒し、民衆教化のための和讃としてはじめての阿弥陀和讃をつくった。
English: Senkan was selected to debate for discourses on Owa Shuron, but declined the offer and went to revive the Konryu-ji Temple in the Settsu Province (Takatsuki City) (Ama-dera Temple) where he lived.
Japanese: 応和宗論の論者として選ばれたが辞退し、摂津国金龍寺(高槻市)（安満寺）を再興してそこに住した。
English: He was always spreading the Hassei Jugan teachings, which were the standard for Nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation) devotees, and formed Jodo-sect-believer groups.
Japanese: 常に念仏者の規範である八誓十願の教えを広め、浄土教の信者集団を作った。
English: Gyokei (year of birth unknown-August 31, 1165) was a priest of the Tendai sect in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 行慶（ぎょうけい、生年不詳-永万元年7月16日(旧暦)（1165年8月24日））は、平安時代後期の天台宗の僧。
English: Gyokei became a priest living in the Onjo-ji Temple and was appointed to Daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order) in 1128.
Japanese: 出家して園城寺に住し、1128年（大治(日本)3年）には大僧正に任じられた。
English: Subsequently, he was appointed as the Shitenno-ji betto (the head priest of Shitenno-ji Temple) in 1135 and the Chori (chief priest) of the Onjo-ji Temple in 1152.
Japanese: その後、1135年（保延元年）に四天王寺別当、1152年（仁平2年）には園城寺長吏に任じられている。
English: Gyokei served three periods of emperors, including Emperor Konoe, Emperor Goshirakawa and Emperor Nijo as a Gojiso (a priest who prays to guard the emperor) and is said to have been particularly highly trusted by Emperor Goshirakawa.
Japanese: 近衛天皇・後白河天皇・二条天皇の三代に亘って天皇の護持僧となるが、特に後白河院の信任が厚かったとされる。
English: Cloistered Imperial Prince Kakusin (May 29, 1588 - March 15, 1648) was a Pure Land Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the early Edo period.
Japanese: 覚深法親王（かくしんほっしんのう、天正16年5月5日(旧暦)（1588年5月29日）-慶安元年1月21日(旧暦)（1648年3月15日））は、江戸時代前期の真言宗の僧。
English: On June 17, 1594, he was granted the title of Shinno (Imperial Prince) with the intention that he would be the next to ascend to the imperial throne.
Japanese: 文禄3年4月29日(旧暦)（1594年6月17日）、次期天皇即位を前提に親王宣下を受ける。
English: One theory proposes that Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI was behind the decision to grant him the status of Shinno, and it is said that there were plans to relocate Emperor Go-Yozei to Beijing as Emperor of China and install Ryonin as the Emperor of Japan in the event that the Japanese invasion of Korea (1592–1598) became successful and conquered the Ming Dynasty of China.
Japanese: 一説にはこの親王宣下の背景には豊臣秀吉の後押しがあり、朝鮮出兵が成功して明を征服した暁には後陽成天皇を北京市に遷して、良仁親王を日本の天皇にする計画が存在したとも言われている。
English: The Imperial palace of the Retired Emperor Ogimachi, who died two years later, was given to him as Togu Gosho (Crown Prince's Palace) to be granted as the future emperor.
Japanese: 2年後には亡くなった正親町上皇の御所を将来の東宮御所にすべく親王に与えられている。
English: However, when Hideyoshi died in 1598, Emperor Go-Yozei suddenly indicated his intention to disinherit Imperial Prince Ryonin from ascending to the throne.
Japanese: ところが、慶長3年（1598年）秀吉が死亡すると、突如、後陽成天皇が良仁親王を皇位継承から外す意向を示す。
English: Despite the fact that both the imperial court and the Toyotomi regime were strongly opposed to this, Ieyasu TOKUGAWA who seized political power after winning the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 accepted the intension of Emperor Go-Yozei on the condition to disinherit Imperial Prince Ryonin, who was strongly in favor of the Toyotomi regime, and Imperial Prince Kotohito (who later became Emperor Go-Mizuno), the third son of Sakiko KONOE who was a court lady and the emperor's lawful wife, to be the next in line for the throne instead.
Japanese: この時は朝廷・豊臣政権ともに強く反対して中止されるものの、慶長5年（1600年）関ヶ原の戦いに勝利して政治の実権を握った徳川家康は豊臣政権色の強い良仁親王を廃して、天皇の正室である女御近衛前子が生んだ第三皇子の政仁親王（後の後水尾天皇）を代わりに立てることを条件に天皇の意向を受け入れた。
English: In April 7, 1601, Imperial Prince Ryonin studied at the Shinko-in sub-temple of Ninna-ji Temple where he took the tonsure and entered the Buddhist priesthood.
Japanese: 慶長6年3月5日(旧暦)（1601年4月7日）、良仁親王は仁和寺真光院に入室し落飾。
English: In 1614, he was given the rank of Ippon (first rank of an imperial prince) and the highest position of Buddhist priests.
Japanese: 慶長19年（1614年）、一品に叙せられて法中第一座の宣下を受けた。
English: Chomu (1732 – February 2, 1796) was a monk and a haiku poet during the mid Edo period.
Japanese: 蝶夢（ちょうむ、享保17年（1732年）-寛政7年12月24日(旧暦)（1796年2月2日））は、江戸時代中期の僧・俳人。
English: When he visited Tsuruga in 1757, he was inspired by the provincial style of haikai which had its lineage in the poetry of Shibaku.
Japanese: 1757年（宝暦9年）、敦賀に赴いたのをきっかけとして、支麦の系統の地方俳諧に接した。
English: Through interactions with poets of haikai such as Kihaku, who was also a travelling monk, and Jiryu and Bakusui, who were both from Kaga Province, he endeavored to revive haikai in the style of Basho.
Japanese: 俳人で行脚僧の既白や加賀国出身の二柳・麦水などと交流し、蕉風俳諧の復興を志した。
English: He visited Gicho-ji Temple in Baba of Otsu, where there is a tomb of Basho, on the occasion of the Buddhist memorial service of the 70th death anniversary of Basho, and as he found the temple in ruin, he resolved to restore it.
Japanese: 芭蕉70回忌法要に大津馬場の義仲寺（芭蕉墓所）を訪れ、その荒廃を嘆き再興を誓った。
English: He also rebuilt Okina-do Hall of Gicho-ji Temple, and gave a large-scale celebration on the 100th anniversary of the death of Basho in 1793.
Japanese: そして義仲寺翁堂などを再建し、1793年に芭蕉100回忌を盛大に成し遂げた。
English: His research on Basho MATSUO's posthumous work came to fruition as the trilogy "Basho okina hokku shu" (Collection of hokku (haiku) of Basho the Elder), "Basho okina bunshu" (Collection of anthologies of Basho the Elder), and "Basho okina haikai shu" (Collection of haikai of Basho the Elder), which were the first anthology of Basho's works.
Japanese: また松尾芭蕉の遺作を研究し刊行した『芭蕉翁発句集』『芭蕉翁文集』『芭蕉翁俳諧集』の三部作は、はじめて芭蕉の著作を集成したものである。
English: During Horeki Era (1751 – 1763), he served as the chief priest of Kihaku-in at Amida-ji Temple (Pure Land Sect).
Japanese: 宝暦年間（1751年－1763年）、阿弥陀寺（浄土宗）帰白院の住職となる。
English: Nisshin (1565 - May 17, 1626) was a monk of the Nichiren Sect of Buddhism from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the Edo period.
Japanese: 日真（にっしん、永禄8年（1565年）-寛永3年4月22日(旧暦)（1626年5月17日））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
English: He became the 12th chief priest of Myoden-ji Temple in Kyoto, and upon receiving the conversion of Kiyomasa KATO, the lord of the Kumamoto-jo Castle, to Buddhism, he erected Honmyo-ji Temple in Osaka.
Japanese: 京都妙伝寺12世となり、熊本城主加藤清正の帰依を受けて大阪に本妙寺を創建した。
English: In 1592, Nisshin accompanied Kiyomasa to Korea to offer prayers for victory in the campaign.
Japanese: 1592年（文禄元年）には清正とともに朝鮮に従い、戦勝を祈願している。
English: Responding to a request by a temple in Mt. Tendai, China for Enryaku-ji Temple to send a hand-written copy of Tendai Kyoshaku (doctrine book) which had been dispersed and lost in China, he went across the sea to Goetsu (Wuyue) as Soshi (delivering envoy) in 953.
Japanese: 中国天台山から延暦寺に対し中国で散逸した天台教籍の書写送付の依頼があり、953年（天暦7年）その送使として呉越へ渡った。
English: He was presented with a purple canonical robe by the King of Wu-yueh (銭俶), specially permitted to learn at Shitendai (an astronomical observatory) and returned to Japan in 957 with approximately 1,000 Buddhist and secular books and a Futenreki (the Futian calendar table) of Shin rekiho (a new method of making calendars) which had not been introduced to Japan.
Japanese: 呉越王銭俶から紫衣が贈られて司天台（天文台）で学ぶ特別な許可を与えられ、957年（天徳(日本)元年）日本に伝わっていない新暦法の符天暦と内典・外典約1000巻を携えて帰国した。
English: Emperor Murakami intended to present an imperial letter of Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs) to praise his achievements but Nichien declined, going down to Dazaifu in Kyushu and erecting the Oura-dera Temple for FUJIWARA no Morosuke during the Koho era (964-968).
Japanese: 村上天皇はその功を賞して僧綱宣旨を贈ろうとしたが、日延はそれを辞退して九州の大宰府に下り、康保年間（964年-968年）藤原師輔のために大浦寺を建立した。
English: Nichien seems to have been known for his activities in the field of Rokumei, rather than Suiyodo, however, as in "Nichureki" (Dual History), he was described not as a Sukuyoshi (master of an astrology based on the Sutra of constellations and planets) but as a Rokumeishi (teller of one's destiny) and well informed about Rokumei (one's lot) which tells fortunes by examining one's physiognomy or date of birth.
Japanese: ただし、『二中歴』には、日延は宿曜師ではなく、人の骨相や生年月日から人の運命を占う禄命に通じた禄命師として扱われており、宿曜道よりも禄命の分野での活躍が知られていたようである。
English: Jinnichi (860-December 29, 916) was a priest of the Shingon sect from the early to late Heian Period.
Japanese: 神日（じんにち、貞観(日本)2年（860年）-延喜16年11月27日(旧暦)（916年12月29日））は、平安時代前期から後期にかけての真言宗の僧。
English: Jinnichi received Kanjo (a consecration ceremony by pouring water onto the top of a monk's head) by Yakushin ENJOJI in Hakuun-ji Temple on Mt. Atago, Kyoto and learned Shingon Esoteric Buddhism from Gensho and Ensho.
Japanese: 京都愛宕山の白雲寺で円成寺益信から灌頂を受け、玄証・延性から真言密教を学んだ。
English: Jiun (February 18, 1673 – August 6, 1753) was a monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land sect of Buddhism) and a poet.
Japanese: 似雲（じうん、寛文13年1月2日(旧暦)（1673年2月18日）-宝暦3年7月8日(旧暦)（1753年8月6日））は、江戸時代中期の浄土真宗の僧・歌人。
English: His Buddhist name was originally Joun, and later it was changed to Jiun (possibly the name was chosen after the cherry blossoms that Saigyo loved).
Japanese: 法号は初め如雲と称したが、のちに似雲（西行の好んだ桜のことか）に改めている。
English: In the following year in 1710, he moved to Kyoto to study the art of waka poetry with an aristocrat called Sanekage MUSHANOKOJI, whose theory on poetry he recorded as 'Shirin shushu' (Treatise on Waka Poetry).
Japanese: 翌1710年（宝永7年）上洛して、歌道を公家の武者小路実陰に学び、実陰の歌論を書き取って「詞林拾集」と著している。
English: Through the aristocratic connection of Sanekage, Jiun formed relationships with court nobles and the imperial family, and was especially close to Imperial Prince Ichijoin no miya Sonsho who was also a waka poet.
Japanese: 公家の実陰を通し公家や皇族とも親交があり、とくに歌人である一乗院宮尊賞親王とは親しかった。
English: Jien (1748-August 2, 1805) was a priest of the Tendai sect and poet from the mid to late Edo Period.
Japanese: 慈延（じえん、寛延元年（1748年）-文化(元号)2年7月8日(旧暦)（1805年8月2日））は、江戸時代中期から後期にかけての天台宗の僧・歌人。
English: He learned Kagaku (Uta Poem Study) from Tamemura REIZEI and was counted as one of the four best Waka poets of the Heian period with Roan OZAWA, Chogetsu and Kokei BAN.
Japanese: 歌学を冷泉為村に学び、小沢蘆庵・澄月・伴蒿蹊とともに平安和歌四天王の一人に数えられた。
English: Ganshoni (953-October 16, 1034) was a nun (Buddhist nun) of the Tendai sect in the mid Heian period.
Japanese: 願証尼（がんしょうに、天暦7年（953年）-長元7年8月25日(旧暦)（1034年10月10日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の尼僧。
English: It is claimed that Ganshoni was determined to pursue Buddhism from her childhood, and once becoming a nun, she lived in Mt. Yoshino, Yamato Province, where she devoted herself to praying to the Amida Buddha and performed Jizoko (a Buddhist ritual praising the Jizo (Ksitigarbha)) on the eighth day of every month.
Japanese: 幼少から仏道に志し、出家後は大和国吉野山に住んで日夜念仏に専念し、毎月8日に地蔵講を行ったという。
English: While she adhered to the precepts of Buddhism and distributed her offerings among poor people, she was reportedly content with living in poverty.
Japanese: 戒律を守り、布施されたものは貧しい者たちえ分け与え自らは清貧に甘んじたという。
English: Kanshu (945-August 17, 1008) was a priest of the Tendai sect in the mid Heian period.
Japanese: 勧修（かんしゅう、天慶8年（945年）?-寛弘5年7月8日(旧暦)（1008年8月11日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: Kanshu entered the temple on Mt. Hiei and became a Chigo (child in Buddhist possession) at the age of 11, afterwards becoming a priest and receiving the kanjo (initiation of a succession where water is poured onto the successor's head) from Yokei in 985.
Japanese: 11歳の時比叡山に上って稚児となり、その後出家して、寛和元年（985年）に余慶から灌頂を受けた。
English: In 997, together with his teacher Jitsuin, he criticized a book on the Tendai sect which was sent from Baisong, China.
Japanese: 長徳3年（997年）には、中国の北宋から送られてきた天台宗に関する書物について師である実因とともに批判している。
English: Later that year, he became the Chori (chief priest) of Onjo-ji Temple, and in September 1000 he was appionted as a Daisojo (a Buddhist priest of the highest order).
Japanese: 同年に園城寺長吏となり、長保2年（1000年）8月には大僧正に任じられている。
English: When FUJIWARA no Michinaga erected the Jomyo-ji Temple in Uji in 1005, Kanshu became the Kaisan (the founder of a temple as the first chief priest).
Japanese: 寛弘2年（1005年）、藤原道長が宇治に浄妙寺を建立した際にはその開山となった。
English: In order to store and maintain the correspondence with the documents, the dates are indicated according to the lunar calendar (the Senmyo Calendar), except for the dates of births and deaths, and the names of eras during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts are expressed according to those designated by the Northern Court (Japan).
Japanese: 日付は、文献との整合を保つ為、旧暦（宣明暦）表示（生歿年月日を除く）とし、南北朝時代の元号は、北朝(日本)で表記する。
English: Soon after he was appointed as the fifth chief priest of 'Hongan-ji Temple' in 1390, he entrusted the practical running of the temple to his second son Gyonyo who was his hoshi (successor to an abbacy) in order to build and live in a soan (a hermitage built with a simple structure with a thatched roof) in Sugitani of Ecchu Province.
Japanese: 康応2年/明徳元年（1390年）、「本願寺」を継承し第五世になるも、まもなく寺務を法嗣である第2子の巧如に委任し、越中国杉谷に草庵を結び居所とする。
English: Shakunyo moved to Kyoto upon being recommended by Shoren-in Temple as a scholar who excelled at deciphering the difficult sovereign's messages sent from Ming to the Japanese imperial court.
Japanese: 明から朝廷に送られてきた難解な国書を読むのに、青蓮院は綽如を推挙し、上洛する。
English: As a token of his gratitude, the emperor gave him Namubutukizo (a Buddhist wooden statue) and eight volumes of 'Shotokutaishi-eden' (Illustrated Biography of Prince Shotoku).
Japanese: その礼として、聖徳太子2歳の南無佛木像と「聖徳太子絵伝」8巻を賜わる。
English: When Emperor Gokomatsu learned that Shakunyo had a dream of erecting a temple, he permitted him to make 'kanjinjo' (a letter of temple solicitation) and gave him 'ryoshi' (special paper for writing).
Japanese: 後小松天皇は、綽如に一寺建立の願いがある事を知ると、「勧進状」の作成を認め「料紙」を授ける。
English: Shakunyo returned to Ecchu Province and completed 'kanjinjo' (now preserved as a National important cultural asset), and with it, he solicited donations in Kaga, Noto, Ecchu, Echigo, Shinano and Hida for erecting the temple.
Japanese: 越中国に戻ると「勧進状」（重要文化財）を作成し、加賀・能登・越中・越後・信濃・飛騨において勧化する。
English: In 1394, Gyonyo, who had been appointed as a temple administrator, inherited 'Hongan-ji Temple.'
Japanese: 応永元年（1394年）、寺務を委任されていた巧如が「本願寺」を継承する。
English: Myogaku (1056-year of death unknown) was a priest of the Tendai sect in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 明覚（みょうがく、天喜4年（1056年）-没年不詳）は、平安時代後期の天台宗の僧。