nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: On the other hand, according to the findings of some historical studies performed on Goshiki Fudo, it was not until the late Meiji Period or early Taisho era when the term "Goshiki Fudo" actually began to emerge, and hence it is difficult to consider that the Iemitsu TOKUGAWA legend concerning Goshiki Fudo being a historical fact which took place in the Edo Period; however, the basic gist of that Iemitsu tale was found in a gossip which has been around since those days.
Japanese: 一方で五色不動を歴史的に研究したいくつかの報告によると、実際に『五色不動』という名称が登場するのは明治末または大正始めであり、江戸時代の史実とは考えにくいとしているが、伝説自体は江戸時代から伝わる噂話に原型が見られるという。
English: It is said that, except for the term Goshiki Fudo, the history of those individual temples and the statues of Fudo-son mentioned earlier goes back to the pre-Edo Period.
Japanese: また名称を別とすれば個々の寺院や不動像自体は江戸時代（以前）からの歴史を持つとされる。
English: Meguro Fudo, Mejiro Fudo and Meaka Fudo, in particular, can be identified in documents in the Edo Period and were places of interest known as the "Three Fudo."
Japanese: 特に目黒不動・目白不動・目赤不動については江戸時代の資料からもその名称が確認でき、江戸の名所として『三不動』の名で知られる。
English: Of these, Meguro and Mejiro were used for station names of the JR Yamanote Line and Meguro, in particular, is well known for having been adopted as a ward name referred to as Meguro Ward.
Japanese: このうち、目黒駅と目白駅は山手線の駅名ともなり、特に目黒区は区名となっているため有名である。
English: Goshiki Fudo, in principle, is found in temples of the Tendai-shu sect and Shingon-shu sect, which share the common teaching of the Esoteric Buddhism, and Myoo, not only Fudo Myoo, is an Esoteric Buddhist image by nature.
Japanese: なお五色不動は基本的に天台宗や真言宗の系統の寺院にあり、密教という点で共通しているが、不動明王に限らず明王は元来密教の仏像である。
English: - Konjo-in Temple (in Toshima Ward) (Takada, Toshima Ward, Tokyo) is the principle image of Shin Hase-dera Temple of the Shingi Shingon-shu Sect which was located near the present Edogawa Park in Sekiguchi, Bunkyo Ward during the Edo Period.
Japanese: -金乗院(豊島区)（東京都豊島区高田）　江戸時代は現在の文京区関口江戸川公園付近にあった新義真言宗新長谷寺の本尊
English: - Saisho-ji Temple (in Setagaya Ward) (Taishido, Setagaya Ward, Tokyo) which has an identical name as Saisho-ji Temple of Meki Fudo in Hirai.
Japanese: -最勝寺(世田谷区)（東京都世田谷区太子堂(世田谷区)）　本来の寺名は平井の目黄と同じ最勝寺
English: For the individual Fudo-son, please refer to the sections under historical facts on Goshiki Fudo, Goshiki Fudo Meki and the respective temples.
Japanese: 各不動尊については五色不動史実、五色不動複数の目黄および各寺の項目も参照。
English: It is believed that, in the mid-Kanei era, the third shogun Iemitsu TOKUGAWA accepted a suggestion of the highest-ranking Buddhist priest, Tenkai, and selected Fudo-son in five directions so that they could surround Edo and assigned each Fudo-son to one of Goshiki in order to pray for peace and tranquility for the country.
Japanese: 寛永年間の中旬、三代将軍徳川家光が天海大僧正の具申をうけ江戸の鎮護と天下泰平を祈願して、江戸市中の周囲五つの方角の不動尊を選んで割り当てたとされる。
English: It is sometimes mentioned that four Fudo of Shijin-soo had been selected first and Meki was added during or subsequent to the days of Iemitsu.
Japanese: 最初に四神相応の四不動が先行し、家光の時代ないしは後年に目黄が追加されたとして語られる場合もある。
English: Goshiki (five colors) means blue, white, red, black and yellow originated from Onmyo-gogyo-setsu (The Theory of Five Elements) of the Esoteric Buddhism and these five colors represent east, west, south, north and center, respectively.
Japanese: 五色とは密教の陰陽五行説由来し重んじられた青・白・赤・黒・黄でそれぞれ五色は東・西・南・北・中央を表している。
English: Because those designated Fudo-son statues have been relocated due to various circumstances such as that some temples became abolished or consolidated subsequent to the Meiji era, it can be said that the current addresses have lost their original role as kekkai (boundary between the sacred and worldly spaces).
Japanese: 現在の住所は、明治以降、廃寺、統合などで不動尊が移動しているので本来の結界の役を失ったといってよい。
English: In recent years, however, the Goshiki Fudo legend has often been told in conjunction with feng shui and there are various versions with the five directions being sometimes interpreted as Go-kaido Road.
Japanese: ただし近年では風水と絡めて語られることも増え、五方を五街道と解釈する場合もあるなど、様々な説がある。
English: It is said that Mejiro was named in connection with Meguro by Shogun Iemitsu and it is also said that the name Mejiro derived from Mejiro-oshi (jammed).
Japanese: 目白は、将軍家光が目黒にちなんで命名したとも、目白押しから名付けられたともいう。
English: Additionally, it is said that, in the early Edo Period, there was Akame Fudo named for Akame of Iga in Dozaka (to be described) which subsequently came to be referred to as Akame at Iemitsu's command and was moved to the present location.
Japanese: また、江戸時代初期の動坂（後述）には、伊賀の赤目に由来する赤目不動があったが、家光の命により目赤と名乗るようになり現在地へ移ったと称する。
English: As to the three Fudo mentioned above, they appeared in topography of the Edo Period but there was no mention of any connection between them and Tenkai.
Japanese: 以上3つの不動については、江戸時代の地誌にも登場するが、天海と結びつける記述はまったく見られない。
English: During the 40's of the Meiji era (1906 – 1915), this temple was relocated to Taishido, Setagaya Ward and began to refer itself to as 'Meao Fudo' at that time.
Japanese: 明治40年代にこの寺院は世田谷区太子堂に移転し、その頃から「目青不動」を名乗るようになった。
English: There are two locations for Meki Fudo that have been identified but it is supposed that, since the both of them are located near 'Meireki Fudo' (which was sometimes referred to as Meki Fudo for short later on) which was situated at Asakusa Shozo-in Temple, they may have been also considered as Meki Fudo due to confusion of people's memory.
Japanese: 目黄不動は2箇所が同定されているが、いずれも浅草勝蔵院にあった「明暦不動」（後になまってメキ不動と呼ばれたこともある）に近く、その記憶から目黄不動とされたのではないかと推測される。
English: In any event, only 3 Fudo with names containing 'me' existed in the Edo Period and there were no references in which those 3 Fudo were mentioned in conjunction with one another.
Japanese: いずれにせよ、江戸時代には目がつく不動が3つしかなく、それをセットとして語る例はなかった。
English: It is considered that Meki and Meao appeared after the Meiji Period and the Goshiki Fudo legend was subsequently concocted.
Japanese: 明治以降、目黄、目青が登場し、後付けで五色不動伝説が作られたものと考えられる。
English: The theory explaining that the area inside the lines connecting all of the points where the respective Goshiki Fudo were located on the map was referred to as 'Shubikiuchi' or 'Naifu of Edo' is contradictory to the fact.
Japanese: なお、五色不動を結んだ線の内側が「朱引内」あるいは「江戸の内府」と呼ばれたという説は事実ではない。
English: In view of the above, it has been sometimes said that a succession of the Goshiki Fudo legends including a tale of Tenkai and kekkai were created in recent years; however, it has been also pointed out that such stories were told as gossip (urban legend) irrespective of historical facts during the Edo Period.
Japanese: 以上のような背景から、天海の結界に始まる一連の五色不動伝説は近年作られたものと言われることもあるが、一方で江戸時代にも噂話（都市伝説）として史実とは別に語られていた可能性も指摘されている。
English: According to Natsuyama Zatsudan (1741), Tenkai placed 4 statues of Fudo whose eyes were red, black, blue and white, respectively, in 4 directions.
Japanese: 夏山雑談（1741年）の記述では天海が四方に赤・黒・青・白の四色の目の不動を置いたとされる。
English: It further mentions the hearsay concerning 'Meki' Fudo at Asakusa Shozo-in Temple described earlier but it seems that the existence of neither Meaka nor Meki could be verified at the time.
Japanese: さらには前述の浅草勝蔵院の「目黄」不動の噂にも言及しているが、当時は目青や目黄の裏付けは取れなかったようである。
English: Later, in Yanagidaru (collection of poems) Volume 46 (1808), there was a senryu (satirical haiku) that read, 'Of the eyes of Fudo, there are 2 colors missing to make goshiki (5 colors).'
Japanese: その後、柳樽四十六篇（1808年）では、五色には二色足らぬ不動の目という川柳が残されている。
English: While only 3 Fudo (aside from Meireki Fudo) were known in those days, it is confirmed that an idea that related the eye colors of Fudo to 'Goshiki' (five colors) mentioned earlier existed.
Japanese: 当時は（明暦不動を別とすれば）三不動しか知られていなかった一方で、前述の「五色」に見立てる発想の存在が確認できる。
English: At any rate, it is said that influence of these urban legends may have been behind the situation where multiple Meki were indiscriminately erected, Meao came into picture and the 3 established Fudo began to refer to themselves as Goshiki Fudo.
Japanese: いずれにせよ明治以降、複数の目黄が乱立し、目青が登場し、従来の三不動も五色不動を名乗り始めた背景には、こうした都市伝説の影響があったのではないかとも言われている。
English: In Natsuyama Zatsudan, Meaka and Meao are described as if they were geographical names but Meaka and Meao Fudo-son respectively began to be referred to as Meaka Fudo and Meao Fudo after relocating to their current locations that have yet to be named after those Fudo-son.
Japanese: 夏山雑談では目赤・目青も地名であるかのように語られているが、現在の目赤・目青の各不動尊はいずれも引越しを機に名乗り始めており、移転先で地名を残すには至っていない。
English: Although there is an opinion that the geographical name Meguro (in Tokyo) came from Meguro Fudo, Meguro is an old place name, and thus it is highly likely that Meguro Fudo was named after that geographical name.
Japanese: 目黒(東京都)の地名は目黒不動に因むという説もあるが、古い地名であり、地名に由来して目黒不動となった可能性は高いとみられている。
English: These 2 places are in close proximity to one another and it is said that Mejiro Fudo was named after Mejirodai, or the place (Mejiro) was named after Mejiro Fudo.
Japanese: 両者は近接した地域であり、目白台に因んで目白不動になったとも、目白不動に因んで目白の地名ができたとも言われる。
English: When it comes to Goshiki Fudo, places other than the above 6 locations are often mentioned.
Japanese: 五色不動の話題では、しばしば上記六箇所以外について言及されることがある。
English: The name Meki, however, became popular and by the end of the Meiji Period, there were at least 2 known sites for Meki that remain in existence today.
Japanese: しかし目黄の名は広がりを見せ、明治末期の時点では少なくとも現在に繋がる二箇所の目黄が知られるようになっていた。
English: It is said that Meki was a common name for some of Fudo-son in the past possibly due to remnants from the days when Goshiki Fudo was an urban legend, but it is now difficult to understand the whole truth of these stories while the popularity of the name Meki seemed apparent.
Japanese: 五色不動が都市伝説だった頃の名残か、一部の不動尊では過去に通称として親しまれたとも語られており、目黄の名の流行が覗える一方で、今となってはこれらの全容を把握することは難しい。
English: Eikyu-ji Temple (Meki of Goshiki Fudo): It is considered that this temple has been Meki Fudo since as early as 1880.
Japanese: 永久寺（五色不動の目黄）　1880年という比較的早い時期から目黄不動だったと見られている。
English: Saisho-ji Temple (Meki of Goshiki Fudo): This temple has been Meki Fudo from the days when it was located in Sumida Ward near Meireki Fudo but was moved to Hirai in 1913.
Japanese: 最勝寺（五色不動の目黄）　明暦不動に近い墨田区にあった頃から目黄不動だったが、1913年に平井に移転。
English: Although details are unknown as it is not disclosed, Ryugan-ji Temple was introduced as Meki Fudo in the December 1930 issue of the Sendagaya community bulletin and has often been mentioned as Meki of Goshiki Fudo in recent years; Therefore, the temple will be discussed in this section.
Japanese: 非公開のため詳細は不明だが、昭和5年12月発行の千駄ヶ谷町誌で目黄不動と紹介され、近年になり五色不動の目黄として言及される機会が増えているため本節に記す。
English: Shingaku-ji Temple (Tamagawa-cho, Akishima City, Tokyo): Shingaku-ji Temple is quite far from the area which was known as Edo and may be considered as another Fudo-son with the same name located outside Tokyo; however, the temple is commonly referred to as Meki Fudo even today.
Japanese: 真覚寺（東京都昭島市玉川町）　江戸だった地域からはかなり離れており、都（区）外の同名不動尊とも言えるが、今でも普通に目黄不動の名で親しまれている。
English: Shozo-in Temple (previously described) in Senso-ji Temple: There was a rumor that Meireki Fudo located at Shozo-in turned into Meki Fudo but that temple no longer exists today.
Japanese: 浅草寺勝蔵院（既出）　江戸時代に明暦不動が転じて目黄不動の噂を生んだが、今は無い。
English: Fudo-in Temple (Roppongi, Minato Ward (Tokyo), Tokyo): It is located near the former site (the former Gongyo-ji Temple) of Meao Fudo.
Japanese: 不動院（東京都港区(東京都)六本木）　目青不動の旧地（旧観行寺）に近い。
English: Meaka Fudo was referred to as Akame Fudo in the past; however, in Akame where the name of Akame is derived from, there is Akame Fudo remained in Enju-in Temple (in Akame-cho, Nabari City, Mie Prefecture) even today.
Japanese: 目赤不動はかつて赤目不動と称したが、その由来となった赤目では、延寿院（三重県名張市赤目町）に今でも赤目不動がある。
English: In 1881, Mainichi Shinbun reported on Meao Fudo in Noge Shinden, Yokohama, which followed the 3 Fudo and Meki Fudo in Tokyo, but there has been no record to indicate that the name (Meao) was used after that, and thus it is considered that the reported Meao Fudo is not the same as the existing one.
Japanese: 毎日新聞では1881年に、東京の三不動や目黄不動に続くものとして横浜野毛新田の目青不動が報じられたことがあるが、以降その名が使われた記録は無く、現在の目青とは別物と見られている。
English: Although the relation with Goshiki Fudo is unknown, there are some Fudo-son with the same name outside Tokyo, such as the one in Gansho-ji Temple (Fushimi-do, Tondabayashi City, Osaka Prefecture).
Japanese: また五色不動との関連は不明だが、願昭寺（大阪府富田林市伏見堂）のように、東京以外にも同名の不動尊が存在する。
English: The statue of Meaka Fudo-son at Tajiri Fudo-do Hall (Tajiri-ku, Horigane-mura, Azumino City, Nagano Prefecture) is a tangible cultural property designated by Azumino City.
Japanese: 田尻不動堂（長野県安曇野市堀金村田尻区）の目赤不動明王像は、安曇野市指定の有形文化財。
English: Toshi is a term generally used to represent history books of the Buddhism, specifically, that of the Zen Sect.
Japanese: 燈史（とうし,新字灯史）は、一般的に仏教界における歴史書、とりわけ禅宗史書を指す用語である。
English: Toshi represents the process of handing down the teachings of Buddhism from a teacher to his students and from those students to their students in the manner similar to that of the Olympic Torch Relay, and also means history books describing the history of that tradition.
Japanese: 燈史は、師から弟子、そのまた弟子へと、まるで聖火リレーのように燈（仏法）を伝えるという、仏法の継承の流れを指し、その伝承の歴史が書かれた歴史書の事も指す。
English: It was consequently compiled in chronological order by pairs of a teacher and a student and was not organized by category as in hongi (biographical records) or retsuden (a series of biographies) that were written in style of biographical historiography represented by Shiki (the Chinese Historical Records).
Japanese: ゆえに、史記に代表される紀伝体の、本紀や列伝などの分類による叙述ではなく、師弟順によって編年体的に編集されている。
English: With respect to the Zen Sect during the Tang Dynasty, the shishi sosho (transmission of the teachings and the way of Buddhism from a teacher to a disciple) relationship was not clearly defined.
Japanese: 唐代の禅においては、師資相承関係は明確に固定化されたものではなかった。
English: Unsui (a postulant awaiting acceptance into a monastery of a novice monk who has undertaken Zen training) traveled to various places and studied Zen with many masters to receive enlightenment from them.
Japanese: 雲水たちは、各地を遊方し、多数の祖師に就いて修禅することによって、その啓発を受けた。
English: Additionally, Unsui generally continued to study with masters even after receiving Inka (certification of spiritual achievement).
Japanese: また、一度、印可を受けた後も歴参を続けることが一般的に行なわれていた。
English: As a result, there were some instances where differences in perception of the relationship occurred between the priestly teacher and disciples.
Japanese: よって、師僧と弟子の間で、師弟関係に関する認識の差異が生じることもあった。
English: With toshi such as "Sodoshu" being compiled, however, it became necessary to unite Zen monks together as an exclusive group.
Japanese: ところが、『祖堂集』のような燈史が編纂されるようになると、排他的に禅僧たちを繋ぎ合わせる必要が出てくる。
English: It also helped Zen monks define perspectives to gain their awareness of the school of the Buddhist sect which they belong to.
Japanese: また、禅僧たちにも自身の法系を意識する立場が明確になってくることとなった。
English: In the Northern Sung Dynasty, as Zen flourished, 'Soto' (genealogy of the teachings of Buddhism) came to gain acute interest among the public became and, as a result, Toshi, which was a compilation of Soto, was completed.
Japanese: 北宋代になると、禅の興隆につれて、「祖統」（伝法の系譜）が強烈に意識されることとなり、それを編んだ燈史が完成されることとなる。
English: Nicchin (1469 to June 24, 1527 (old lunar calendar)) was the 12th head priest of Taiseki-ji Temple.
Japanese: 日鎮（にっちん、文明_(日本)元年（1469年）-大永7年6月24日_(旧暦)）は、大石寺第12世法主。
English: It is said that he was born in an imperial family and the Kuro-mon gate (black wooden gate) that still exists today was completed in the days of this head priest.
Japanese: 出生は皇室の出身とされ、現今の黒門（黒木の門）は、この法主の時代に完成。
English: He received a doctrine from the ninth Nichiu and assumed the position of the 12th Nicchin on October 28, 1482.
Japanese: 1482年（文明14年）9月7日、9世日有より法の付嘱を受け、12世日鎮として登座。
English: He built the Miei-do Hall, the main gate, etc. of Taiseki-ji Temple to establish the structure of the temple on October 16, 1522.
Japanese: 1522年（大永2年）9月17日、大石寺御影堂・総門等を建立し結構を整う。
English: Nisshu (January 8, 1556 to September 16, 1617) was the 14th head priest of Taiseki-ji Temple.
Japanese: 日主（にっしゅ、弘治(日本)元年11月17日(旧暦)（1555年12月29日）-元和(日本)3年8月17日(旧暦)（1617年10月5日））は、大石寺第14世法主。
English: The 13th Nichiin took up Nisshu (13 years old) as his disciple and sent him to Shingyo-ji Temple, in Hirai, Shimotsuke on November 23, 1567.
Japanese: 1567年（永禄10年）10月13日、13世日院、幸島の妙行坊に命じて日主（13歳）を付弟となし下野平井信行寺に置く。
English: He was conferred teachings from Nichiin and assumed the position of the 14th Nisshu in 1573.
Japanese: 1573年（天正1年）、日院より法を付嘱し第14世日主として登座す。
English: Katsuyori TAKEDA established rules of Taiseki-ji Temple and Omosu Honmon-ji Temple in October 6, 1574, in an attempt to renovate and thrive the two temples.
Japanese: 1574年（天正2年）9月12日、武田勝頼、大石寺及び重須本門寺の寺規を定め両寺の修造興隆に努めしむ。
English: A vassal of Katsuyori TAKEDA attacked Omosu Honmon-ji Temple and robbed Nika Sojo (documents which were believed to be addressed from Nichiren to his disciple, Nikko, in 1282) in April, 1581 (Seimetsu 300).
Japanese: 1581年（天正9年）3月、聖滅300年、武田勝頼の臣、重須本門寺を襲い二箇相承等を奪う（要9-17・20）
English: He agreed with Yobo-ji Temple in Kyoto on service and provided a principal image of Nichimoku in 1587.
Japanese: 1587年（天正14年）、京要法寺と通用の申合せをなし日目の本尊を授与す。
English: He gave teachings to Nissho in Rengyo-ji Temple of Koganei, Shimotsuke Province on October 22, 1596.
Japanese: 1596年（慶長1年）9月1日、下野小金井蓮行寺において法を日昌に付す。
English: Nissho (1562 to May 17, 1622) was the 15th head priest of Taiseki-ji Temple.
Japanese: 日昌（にっしょう、1562年-1622年4月7日）は、大石寺第15世法主。
English: He joined a parishioner of Iidaka-Danrin School (present Hanko-ji Temple) in Shimosa Province in November, 1583.
Japanese: 1583年（天正11年）10月、下総国飯高檀林（現在の飯高寺）に入檀す。
English: He inherited teachings from Nicchu in Rengyo-ji Temple of Koganei, Shimotsuke Province on October 22, 1596.
Japanese: 1596年（慶長1年）9月1日、下野国小金井蓮行寺において日柱より法を相承する。
English: He founded Hokke-ji Temple in Iwaki Miharu, Mutsu Province on January 8, 1614.
Japanese: 1613年（慶長18年）11月28日、陸奥国磐城三春に法華寺を創す。
English: The 14th Nisshu sent a letter to Nissho from Koganei in Shimotsuke Province on September 4, 1617.
Japanese: 1617年（元和3年）8月5日、14世日主、下野小金井より日昌に状を送る。
English: He provided a principal image to Myoko-ji Temple in Gonbosakai-mura, Suruga Province on April 18, 1620.
Japanese: 1620年（元和6年）3月16日、駿河国根方境村妙光寺に本尊を授与す。
English: The Tachikawa-ryu school is a school of Esoteric Buddhism founded by Ninkan in the Kamakura period and perfected by Monkan in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
Japanese: 立川流（たちかわりゅう）とは、鎌倉時代に仁寛によって開かれ、南北朝時代(日本)に文観によって大成されたとされる密教の一派である。
English: In Esoteric Buddhism, however, Rishu-kyo based on Yoga Tantras (scripture about controlling mind and body) and many Anuttara (supreme) Yoga Tantras accept sexual intercourse.
Japanese: しかし、密教では瑜伽タントラの理趣経や多くの無上瑜伽タントラによって肯定されている。
English: Although many Yoga Tantras were introduced and spread around Japan, Anuttara Yoga Tantras, which specifically dealt with sexual intercourse, were only partially introduced.
Japanese: ただし、日本には瑜伽タントラまでは多く伝わっているが、具体的に性交を論じた無上瑜伽タントラは部分的にしか伝わっていない。
English: The skull is selected in a method previously mentioned, on which surface, coated with harmony water (a liquid made up of a mix of semen and female bodily secretion produced during sexual intercourse) thousands of times.
Japanese: こうして選ばれた髑髏の表面に性交の際の和合水（精液と愛液の混ざった液）を幾千回も塗る。
English: In addition you have to keep having sexual intercourse in front of the principal object, and chant a mantra during the religious exercise.
Japanese: しかもその行の間絶え間なく本尊の前で性交し、真言を唱えていなければならない。
English: It is believed that lower rank skulls grant any wish, middle rank skulls give an oracle in a dream and higher rank skulls tell all the truths in the whole universe.
Japanese: 下位ではあらゆる望みをかなえ、中位では夢でお告げを与え、上位のものでは言葉を発して三千世界の全ての真理を語るという。
English: The ritual takes seven years because the goal of the ritual is for a monk and his female partner to reach enlightenment during the course of it.
Japanese: この儀式に7年もの歳月がかかるのは、その過程で僧侶とその伴侶の女性が悟りを得ることがその目的だからである。
English: The essence of the Tachikawa-ryu school is that a man and a woman become one with Dainichi Nyorai (Mahavairocana), which is the principal image of the Shingonshu sect, through sexual intercourse.
Japanese: 立川流の真髄は性交によって男女が真言宗の本尊、大日如来と一体になることである。
English: In this point, the Tachikawa-ryu school differs from other existing religious schools which explain that 'women are unclean beings and cannot become the Buddha.'
Japanese: この点において、「女性は穢れた存在であり、仏にはなれない」と説いていた既存の宗派と異なる。
English: Tachikawa-ryu school uses the special vajra, of which an end has three blades and the other two blades.
Japanese: 立川流の金剛杵は特殊な金剛杵であり、片方が三鈷杵、もう片方が二鈷杵になっている。
English: The creed of the Tachikawa-ryu school itself consists of the extended doctrines of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism using the two ways of yin and yang.
Japanese: なお、立川流の教義自体は、陰陽の二道により真言密教の教理を発展させたものである。
English: Tachikawa-ryu school regards the state of male and female copulation as the state of sokushinjobutsu and a figure of male and female copulation is drawn in the form of a mandala.
Japanese: 男女交合の境地を即身成仏の境地と見なし、男女交合の姿を曼荼羅として図現したものである。
English: However its rituals, such as having a skull as its principal image, are just popular beliefs.
Japanese: しかし、髑髏を本尊とするなどの儀式に関しては、あくまでも俗説である。
English: All existing literature about the Tachikawa-ryu school was written by its opponents and therefore it is impossible to know if it describes the truth or not.
Japanese: 立川流の件で現存する文献はすべて弾圧した側のものであるから、それが真実かどうかはわからないとされている。
English: A state of male and female copulation, that is, orgasm, came to be considered as the state of sokushinjobutsu for several reasons.
Japanese: 男女交合の境地、すなわちオルガスムスが即身成仏の境地であるとされるに至ったのにはいくつかの理由がある。
English: Esoteric Buddhism has the thought that human beings are originally not tainted (hongaku philosophy [all living things have an innate ability to achieve enlightenment]).
Japanese: 密教では、人間はそもそも汚れたものではないという、自性清浄（本覚思想）という考えがある。
English: It is considered that the creed of the Tachikawa-ryu school originates from the sermons about 17 pure states which say that all human activities, including sexual intercourse, is essentially pure.
Japanese: そこに性行為を含め人間の営みはすべて本来は清浄なものであると十七清浄句が説かれていることに起因すると考えられている。
English: On the other hand, Taimitsu (Esoteric Buddhism of the Tendaishu sect) also had a school called Genshi Kimyo-dan which regarded sexual intercourse between a man and a woman as the state of becoming Buddha.
Japanese: 対し、台密（天台宗の密教）でも男女の性交を以って成仏とする玄旨帰命壇という一派があった
English: It is said the Tachikawa-ryu school was founded in the Kamakura period by a monk of Esoteric Buddhism, Ninkan, and perfected in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts by Monkan who became the gojiso (a priest who prays to guard the emperor) to Emperor Godaigo.
Japanese: 立川流は鎌倉時代に密教僧である仁寛によって開かれ、南北朝時代に後醍醐天皇の護持僧となった文観によって大成されたといわれる。
English: In 1113 Ninkan, who was serving Imperial Prince Sukehito, the third prince of Emperor Gosanjo, as his gojiso, attempted to assassinate Emperor Toba but failed.
Japanese: 1113年（永久(元号)元年）、後三条天皇の第3皇子・輔仁親王に護持僧として仕えていた仁寛は、鳥羽天皇の暗殺を図って失敗する。
English: Changing his name to Rennen, Ninkan preached Shingonshu sect in this place and met an onmyoji (master of yin yang), Kenren (written as 見蓮 or 兼蓮) from Tachikawa City, Musashi Province.
Japanese: 名を蓮念と改め、この地で真言の教えを説いていた仁寛は、武蔵国立川市（たちかわ）出身の陰陽師・見蓮（兼蓮とも書く）と出会った。
English: In addition Ninkan met three monks, Kanren, Jakujo and Kansho and initiated them into the secret arts of Daigo Sanboin school.
Japanese: ほかに観蓮、寂乗、観照という3名の僧と出会った仁寛は、彼らに醍醐三宝院流の奥義を伝授した。
English: It is believed that after Ninkan committed suicide by throwing himself from Mt. Jo in April, 1114, Kenren and others established the Tachikawa-ryu school by mixing the yin yang philosophy and the creed of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism and propagated it.
Japanese: 1114年（永久2年）3月に仁寛が城山（じょうやま）から投身自殺を遂げたのちは、見蓮らが陰陽道と真言密教の教義を混合して立川流を確立し、布教したとされている。
English: According to "Juho Yojin-shu" (the oldest book which criticized the Tachikawa-ryu school), 90 percents of the monks of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism became believers of the Tachikawa-ryu school.
Japanese: 『受法用心集』によると、真言密教の僧のうち、9割が立川流の信徒となっていたといわれる。
English: At the end of the Kamakura period, Monkan, who had learned the secrets of the arts of the Tachikawa-ryu school from Dojun, a monk in Hojo-ji Temple, had a reputation as 'the most effective man.'
Japanese: 鎌倉時代末期、北条寺の僧・道順から立川流の奥義を学んだ文観は、「験力無双の仁」との評判を得ていた。
English: Monkan initiated Emperor Godaigo into the secret arts and became Gonsojo (the lowest grade that can be held by one who has reached the highest rank in the hierarchy of Buddhist priests) in Sanboin, Daigo-ji Temple.
Japanese: 文観は後醍醐天皇に奥義を伝授し、自身は醍醐寺三宝院の権僧正となった。
English: The fact that the emperor embraced the religion meant that Monkan gained a great supporter.
Japanese: 天皇が帰依したという事実は、文観にとって大きな後ろ盾ができたということであった。