nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In Bizen City area Okayama Prefecture (especially Hinase-cho), there is okonomiyaki called Hinasefu, Hinaseyaki and so on which is uniquely grilled and in particular okonomiyaki called 'kakioko' (Japanese pancake), in which Okayama Prefecture's local product oyster is included is a specialty.
Japanese: 岡山県備前市地域（特に日生町）では日生風・日生焼きなどと呼ばれる独自の焼き方をするお好み焼きが存在し、中でも「カキオコ」と呼ばれる岡山県名産の牡蠣をいれたお好み焼きが名物である。
English: And when the oyster is not in season, the okonomiyaki called 'ebioko' (using shrimp instead of oyster) is famously served.
Japanese: また、牡蠣シーズンではないときに提供される「エビオコ」（カキオコの牡蠣を海老に変えたもの）も有名である。
English: In Asakuchi City Okayama Prefecture, there is okonomiyaki of bachi (called 'bachioko' following kakioko), where a large amount of bachi (the by-product of hand-stretched fine white noodles of Bicchu) is added to the dough.
Japanese: 同県浅口市では備中手延べ麺の手延べ麺を大量に生地に混ぜ込んだ、バチのお好み焼きがある（カキオコに倣って「バチオコ」と呼ばれる）。
English: Also in the city which is an oyster production area like Hinase, following kakioko in Hinase, shops serving oyster-included okonomiyaki have appeared.
Japanese: また同市内では、日生と同じく牡蠣の産地である事から、日生のカキオコの影響を受けて牡蠣入りお好み焼を提供する店が現れている。
English: In the south parts of Bigo Province in the eastern parts of Hiroshima Prefecture, centering on Fuchu City (Hiroshima Prefecture), there is okonomiyaki called Fuchufu-okonomiyaki or Fuchuyaki, which includes minced pork.
Japanese: 広島県東部の備後国地方南部では、府中市(広島県)を中心に、豚ミンチ肉を使用した府中風お好み焼き・府中焼きと呼ばれるお好み焼きが存在している。
English: When people in Shikoku go to Hiroshima Prefecture on business or on a sightseeing trip and eat Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki for the first time, many of them are still shocked at it.
Japanese: 仕事や観光で出向いた広島県で広島風お好み焼きを初めて食べて衝撃を受ける四国民もまだまだ多い。
English: Though they know Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki, some say, 'it looks rather like omusoba (fried noodles wrapped in an omelette)' and some Shikoku women say, 'there is little of the powder dough like Kansaifu-okonomiyaki and while eating, cabbage or other ingredients are scattered and it looks dirty' and they seem to dare not eat it.
Japanese: 広島風お好み焼きを知ってはいるものの「どちらかと言うとオムそばのようだ」と言う者や「関西風のように粉生地の部分がほとんどないので、食べている間にキャベツや具が散乱して汚く見えるから」と敢えて食べない四国女性もいるようである。
English: However, on the other hand, in Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki, the ratio of cabbage is high and the ratio of carbohydrate can be modulated by the amount of soba, which is healthy, and so the choice of women is moving towards Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki.
Japanese: しかしその一方、広島風お好み焼きはキャベツの比率が高く炭水化物の割合がそばによって調整できるためにヘルシーであることから、女性の選択は広島風お好み焼きに移りつつある。
English: In most of the shops the customers grill it by themselves at the table furnished with an iron plate (as for modanyaki, it is troublesome to mix the dough with noodles and so the staff grills it in the kitchen and serves the finished one), but mostly, until grilled up, a set of the spatulas, chopsticks and small dishes are served to the customer by the shop and the spatulas are used only for turning it over and cutting it up and the chopsticks are used by many when eating.
Japanese: 大抵の店舗は鉄板を備え付けたテーブル席にて客自身が焼く場合が多いのだが（モダン焼きは麺と合わす手間があるので厨房で焼いて完成品を出してくれる）、焼きあがるまでに店がヘラと割り箸と小皿をセットで客に出すことがほとんどなので、ヘラは返しと完成後の分割作業のみに用い、割り箸で食す者が圧倒的に多い。
English: If the customer follows the gourmet and tries to eat it using the spatula, in many shops, the shop staff recommends they use chopsticks when eating, saying 'it is troublesome and you might get burned.'
Japanese: 食通よろしくヘラで食べようとすると、「火傷をされては困るから」と割り箸での食事を推奨してくる店も多数ある。
English: Also in the shops where the staff grills it in the kitchen, it is common to serve chopsticks, not spatulas.
Japanese: 店が厨房で焼いて出してくれる店でもヘラではなく割り箸を付けるのが一般的である。
English: In every shop mayonnaise is served, but in the shops where the staff cooks and serves okonomiyaki, without spreading mayonnaise on the dough with the spatula after saucing, they put the sauce, aonori-ko, sliced dried bonito on the dough and after that, mayonnaise is put over all the dough or in the center, or in the shops where the customers grills by themselves at the table, in order for them to be able to put mayonnaise on by preference, a little sachet of it is often served additionally.
Japanese: マヨネーズは大抵どの店でも付いているが、厨房で作って出す店の場合は関西のようにソースを塗ったあとで生地の上にヘラで塗り広げたりせずにソース→青海苔→鰹節と仕上げてから全体や中央にかけられるか、客が自分のテーブル席で焼く店なら好みでかけられるように小さなパック入りの使いきりタイプのマヨネーズが別に付いてくる場合が多い。
English: In this case, the sauces, aonori-ko and sliced dried bonito are also prepared on the table in most of the shops.
Japanese: この場合は大抵ソースや青海苔や鰹節もテーブルに備え付けてある店がほとんどである。
English: In Ehime Prefecture, which has interacted with Hiroshima Prefecture across the Seto Inland Sea from long ago, the shops which serve Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki have increased recently.
Japanese: 愛媛県は瀬戸内海を挟んだ広島県との古くからの交流の影響もあり、広島風お好み焼きを提供する店舗も近年は増加してきている。
English: However, in relations with nautical traffic and nowadays the logistical path such as Shimanami Kaido and the Seto-ohashi Bridge which links Kagawa Prefecture and Okayama Prefecture, there are just a few shops which serve Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki in Matsuyama City or in that neighborhood, which are in so-called Chuyo region, or in the Toyo region which is close to Kagawa Prefecture.
Japanese: ただしこれも船舶での往来や、昨今ならばしまなみ海道、香川県と岡山県を結んだ瀬戸大橋等物流経路の関係からか、松山市やその付近の所謂中予地方や、香川県に程近い東予地方に僅かに広島風を提供する店がある程度である。
English: Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki which can be stored for quite a while as a souvenir is sold at JR Matsuyama Station or Matsuyama Kanko Port which is the departure and arrival port for the hydrofoil for Hiroshima Prefecture (currently called Super Jet) and the ferries.
Japanese: 長期保存が可能なお土産用の広島風お好み焼きは、JR松山駅や広島県行きの水中翼船（現在の名称はスーパージェット）とフェリーの発着港である松山観光港などで販売されている。
English: When you say 'tama iri' in the okonomiyaki shops in Kagawa Prefecture, it mostly refers to the modanyaki that includes a pack of Sanuki udon (udon noodles from Kagawa Prefecture).
Japanese: 香川県はお好み焼き屋で「玉入り」と言えばそばではなく、ほぼ讃岐うどんの玉入りのモダン焼きを指す。
English: If you want soba-tama, not udon-tama, you must say 'soba iri' or 'modan with soba' in advance because if you do not say it, some shops willy-nilly serve modanyaki with udon, so you must be careful.
Japanese: うどん玉ではなく、そば玉入りが良い時は「そば入り」「モダンをそばで」とあらかじめ店に言わないと有無を言わせずうどん玉入りのモダン焼きになる店もあるので注意せねばならない。
English: This is because most of them are, as we say, 'short tempered about food' and think 'the sooner the food is served and eaten, the better it is' as seen in the popularity of the self-service udon shops.
Japanese: これはセルフうどん店の普及率の高さに見られる様に「食事は素早く提供されて、手早く食べられれば良い」と考える、いわゆる「食に短気な県民」が大半だからである。
English: In Tokushima Prefecture, okonomiyaki with unique ingredients is served, such as mandarin orange, sweetly simmered kidney bean, yogurt, roundly fried 'tenpura' (deep-fried fish and vegetables in a light batter), deep-fried breaded cutlet of fish.
Japanese: 徳島県では、ミカン、甘く煮たインゲンマメ、ヨーグルト、丸く揚げた「天麩羅」、フィッシュカツなどの独特の具を用いたものも供されている。
English: In Fukuoka City, there is okonomiyaki where the dough is about two centimeters thick and chewy.
Japanese: 福岡市内では厚さ約2センチで腰の強い生地を特徴とするお好み焼きがある。
English: Characteristically a large amount of mayonnaise which is white custard-like is used.
Japanese: 白いカスタードクリーム状のマヨネーズを大量に使用することも大きな特徴である。
English: The sunny-side up egg whose yolk is broken is often embedded and the way the dough is added and the surface is grilled crisply.
Japanese: お好み焼きの中に黄身を崩した目玉焼きを埋め込まれることも多い、生地は焼く途中で追加され表面はカリカリに焼き上げられる。
English: In Omuta City Fukuoka Prefecture and Arao City Kumamoto Prefecture, okonomiyaki called 'dago' (savoury pancake with various ingredients) is eaten.
Japanese: 福岡県大牟田市・熊本県荒尾市では、「ダゴ」と呼ばれるお好み焼きが食されている。
English: As for the number of okonomiyaki shops per population in seven prefectures of Kyushu, Omuta City ranks in the first and Arao City in the second and the junior-high school students are often seen to drop in the okonomiyaki shops on their way home from school.
Japanese: 九州7県では人口あたりのお好み焼き店の数において大牟田市が1位、荒尾市が2位となっており、中学生などが学校帰りにお好み焼き店に立ち寄る光景がよくみられる。
English: Basically they are Osaka style, but among them, there are some shops which basically serve Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki or monjayaki.
Japanese: 基本的には大阪風であるが、中には広島風やもんじゃ焼を基本とする店もある。
English: In Okinawa Prefecture, there is grilled food that is thinner than okonomiyaki, called 'hirayachi' (savoury pancake with various ingredients).
Japanese: 沖縄県には、「ヒラヤーチー」と呼ばれるお好み焼きより薄い焼き物料理がある。
English: In Taiwan, the square-shaped okonomiyaki called 'Osaka-yaki' (日式大阪焼), which is localized, is widely sold at food stalls.
Japanese: 台湾では「大阪焼」（日式大阪焼）の名称で、現地化した四角いお好み焼きが、屋台などで広く売られている。
English: Frozen meals, quick-frozen okonomiyaki are sold by food manufacturers, sauce manufacturers and famous okonomiyaki shops.
Japanese: お好み焼きを急速冷凍した冷凍食品が食品メーカーやソースメーカー、有名お好み焼き店により販売されている。
English: And at the major JR stations (Matsuyama Station and Hiroshima Station) in Ehime Prefecture and Hiroshima Prefecture and at Matsuyama Kanko Port and Hiroshima Port (Ujina Port) which are the ports for ships of both prefectures, okonomiyaki for souvenirs, that can be stored to some degree even at normal temperature, is also sold and is popular among tourists and businessmen, who say 'after buying it, it is not necessary to worry that it must be frozen.'
Japanese: また、愛媛県と広島県の主要JR駅（松山駅、広島駅）や両県の船舶の港である松山観光港、広島港（宇品港）では、常温でもある程度まで保存可能なお土産用お好み焼きも販売されていて、観光客やビジネスマンに「買った後冷凍せねばならないと言う心配がなくて良い」と好評である。
English: Tsuki-okure means that under the Gregorian calendar (the New Style), dates of annually scheduled Japanese programs or events are deferred one month compared to the Taiin-taiyo-reki (lunisolar calendar) (the Old Style including the Tenpo calendar, the Kansei calendar, the Horyaku calendar, and the Jokyo calendar).
Japanese: 月遅れ（つきおくれ）とは、日本の年中行事の日程を太陰太陽暦(旧暦の天保暦、寛政暦、宝暦暦、貞享暦など)の日付からグレゴリオ暦(新暦)上で1か月遅らせて行うこと。
English: Due to the reasons described below, there is definitely an approximate one-month difference between the New Style (the Gregorian calendar) and the Old Style (Taiin-taiyo-reki.)
Japanese: 以下の理由により、新暦（グレゴリオ暦）と旧暦（太陰太陽暦）では必ず1か月程度ずれる。
English: This is caused by a difference in the rules for determining in which month the same event (the spring equinox) should be performed, rather than a difference in the method of making the calendars.
Japanese: これは暦法の違いが原因なのでなく、同一事象（春分）をどの月にするかという決まりが違っているからである。
English: In ancient times in the West, the time of year around March of the current calendar was considered as the beginning of the year (and calendar for winter didn't exist) but later on, the winter solstice was considered as the beginning of the year (referring to the Roman calendar.)
Japanese: 西洋では、古代には現在の3月ごろを年初としていた（冬には暦がなかった）が、後に冬至の時期を年初とするようになった（ローマ暦を参照）。
English: The First Council of Nicaea in Christianity agreed to establish the spring equinox on March (March 21) in 325.
Japanese: キリスト教では325年の第1ニカイア公会議において、春分を3月（3月21日）と定めた。
English: In ancient times in the East, the time of the year around the winter solstice was considered as the beginning of the year, but later on the time of year around the beginning of spring was considered as the beginning of the year (actually, a month having rain was considered Shogatsu (January)).
Japanese: 東洋では、古代には冬至のころを年初としていたが、後に立春のころを年初とする（正確には雨水を含む月を正月（1月）とする）ようになった。
English: The Chinese calendar which was used by the Qing Dynasty, used a method for determination of 24 divisions of the old calendar based on the ecliptic cycle, in which an interval between 24 divisions of the old calendar varied, and in the Kakei era (China) rules were revised to call the month including the Spring equinox February (Kisaragi).
Japanese: 清代で採用した時憲暦では二十四節気の間隔が変動する定気法を採用したため、嘉慶(中国)年間より春分を含む月を2月（如月）と呼ぶように規則が変更された。
English: After the calendar reform of January 1, 1873, people tried to perform events on the same dates as the old calendar, but there were cases in which some events were found unseasonable due to the occurrence of the unavoidable one month difference, as stated above, like Koi-nobori (carp rising, or Boy's Day) and Tanabata (the Star Festival).
Japanese: 明治6年(1873年)1月1日の改暦後、旧暦時代の日付をそのまま新暦に持ち込んで行事をしようとすると、前述のとおり絶対に1ヶ月程度ずれるので、鯉幟や七夕のように季節感の合わないものが出てきた。
English: The origin of Koi-nobori is based on an old story that carp would grow to become dragons after ascending to heaven even in the rain, so samurai families flew the Koi-nobori in May, a rainy season, of the calendar of that time in hopes of the success of their son's careers in the Edo period.
Japanese: 鯉幟は、雨の中でもコイが天に昇って竜になることにあやかって、江戸時代に武士の子弟が出世できることを願い、梅雨の季節である当時の暦の5月(旧暦)に、掲げるものであった。
English: Originally, Tanabata was on July 7 in the old calendar and used to be a seasonal term for autumn and was at the end of the rainy season in the old calendar.
Japanese: 元来、旧暦7月7日(旧暦)の七夕は、秋の季語であって、旧暦では梅雨明け後であった。
English: Because of the above-mentioned reasons, there is an approximately one-month difference between a date according to the Gregorian calendar and the equivalent date according to the Tenpo calendar (actually, the difference between the dates varies from year to year and this degree of variation is also approximately one month).
Japanese: 前述の理由で、グレゴリオ暦と天保暦との日付の差は平均してほぼ1か月である（ただし、実際には日付の差は年によって増減し、その変動幅も約1か月ある）。
English: For example, if one is added to the number of a month under the old calendar, dates in both calendars will be approximately corresponding.
Japanese: たとえば、旧暦の月数を１つプラスすれば、両者がおおよそ一致するはずであろう。
English: Therefore, it was decided that using the dates of the Gregorian calendar, the dates of events were deferred by one month.
Japanese: そこで、日付はグレゴリオ暦のまま、行事の日程のほうを1か月遅らせて行うようになった。
English: Obon, which was July 15 in the old calendar, is held on August 15 (one month later or 'tsuki-okure') in most areas, and there are many companies which have set the period around this day as Summer holiday (the Obon holiday).
Japanese: 旧暦7月15日(旧暦)のお盆は、ほとんどの地方で月遅れの8月15日に行われ、この時期を夏休み（お盆休み）としている会社なども多い。
English: Also, Hina-matsuri (the Doll festival) was March 3 in the old calendar but is now held one month later in many regions.
Japanese: また、旧暦3月3日(旧暦)の雛祭りなども、多くの地方で月遅れで行われている。
English: Tsuki-okure (holding events one month later) and the Tenpo calendar are often confused and events performed in tsuki-okure are often called 'old ___' (such as Old bon), and while dates under both systems are very close, they are not the same.
Japanese: なお、月遅れと天保暦は混同されやすく、月遅れで行われる行事のことを「旧○○」（旧盆など）と呼ぶことも多いが、月遅れと天保暦の日時は近似であるが同一日ではない。
English: The nengajo is a postcard or a greeting card sent as a New Year's greeting.
Japanese: 年賀状（ねんがじょう）とは新年に送られるはがきやカードを用いた挨拶状のことである。
English: A word of celebration for the new year is written as a greeting, often followed by an appreciation for cordial friendship in the past year and a request for continued kindness in the new year.
Japanese: 新年を祝う言葉を以ってあいさつし、旧年中の厚誼の感謝と新しい年に変わらぬ厚情を依願する気持ちを添えることが多い。
English: Many nengajo are exchanged in Japan, and there are similar customs in the Republic of Korea, the People's Republic of China and Taiwan, which are close to Japan.
Japanese: 日本では多く取り交わされ、日本に近い大韓民国、中華人民共和国、台湾にも似た風習がある。
English: In Europe and the United States, there isn't a culture of nengajo because the New Year's greetings are included in Christmas cards.
Japanese: ヨーロッパやアメリカ合衆国などではクリスマス・カードで新年の挨拶も済ませてしまうので、年賀状の文化はない。
English: Due to the workload of post offices, there is an announcement to post the nengajo by December 20 or so.
Japanese: そのため郵便局内での作業負荷の関係上、12月20日頃までに投函するようにアナウンスされる。
English: However, due to changes in the social environment, such as the diffusion of personal computers and printers, the peak of posting nengajo has become later each year.
Japanese: しかしながらパーソナルコンピュータ（パソコン）並びにプリンターの普及等の社会環境の変化などから投函のピークは遅くなっている。
English: It was reported that the peak of posting nengajo for 2005 was December 25 of the previous year, and that the peak posting for 2006 was as late as December 30 of the previous year.
Japanese: 2005年が前年12月25日、2006年に至っては前年12月30日が投函のピークと報じられた。
English: New Year's postcards with lottery numbers, which are different from normal postal cards, are released every November for use as nengajo, and therefore the New Year's lottery postcards are mainly used.
Japanese: 年賀状用として通常使用されるはがきと異なるお年玉付郵便はがきが毎年11月から発売されるため、これを用いることが多い。
English: Frequently used patterns include the zodiac animals (junishi) of the new year, lucky charms such as a treasure ship and the Seven Deities of Good Luck, symbols of early spring such as Japanese butterbur and plum blossoms.
Japanese: よく用いられる図柄は新年の干支（十二支）、宝船や七福神などの縁起物、フキやウメの花など早春を象徴するものである。
English: In view of postal service, nengajo is treated as "nenga tokubetsu yubinbutsu" (special New Year's mail), which is a kind of special mail.
Japanese: 郵政においては、年賀状は「年賀特別郵便物」という一種の特殊取扱として扱われている。
English: Mail marked 'Nenga' in red during the period is separately forwarded to each post office in charge of the mailing address, and is stored there until January 1.
Japanese: その期間に年賀と朱記した郵便物について予め区分したうえであて先を管轄する配達局に送付し同局で1月1日まで留め置かれるサービスである。
English: However, because such mail doesn't satisfy the requirement for the nenga tokubetsu yubinbutsu, i.e., posting within the handling period, it isn't guaranteed but is simply a goodwill gesture by the postal service to deliver it on January 1.
Japanese: しかし年賀特別郵便物の要件、すなわち取扱期間内での差出しを満たしていないため1月1日に配達される保障はなく、あくまでも郵政側のサービスによっている。
English: When a piece of stationery such as a New Year postcard or a postcard printed with 'Nenga' in red below a postage stamp is posted into a dedicated mail slot provided in a mailbox, the postmark is omitted.
Japanese: 年賀はがきや印面下部に年賀と朱記したはがきなどのステーショナリーを、郵便ポストに設置された専用投入口に投函した場合は消印は省略される。
English: Such a mail slot is provided during the period of (in the case of 2006) December 15 to January 7 of the following year.
Japanese: この投入口が設けられる期間は2006年の場合、12月15日から翌年1月7日である。
English: Nengajo with a postal stamp and those especially requested by the senders are, if posted during the period of handling the nenga tokubetsu yubinbutsu, canceled with a postmark dated January 1 of the following year.
Japanese: 年賀特別郵便物取扱期間中に差出された、切手貼りの年賀状と差出人から特に依頼のあった場合は翌年1月1日付けの年賀印という消印が押印される。
English: In a case where the nengajo is posted after the period, it's canceled with a postmark of the day even if the other requirements have been satisfied.
Japanese: それ以降に差し出された場合は、同様の郵便物であっても当日付けの消印が押印される。
English: In Japan, there has been an event of New Year's greeting called 'nenshi mawari' since the Nara period, though that origin isn't definite.
Japanese: 日本にははっきりとはしないが奈良時代から新年の年始回りという年始の挨拶をする行事があった。
English: In the Heian period, such a custom spread among nobles and court nobles, and notes were exchanged with those living too far away to visit, instead of nenshi mawari.
Japanese: 平安時代には貴族や公家にもその風習が広まって挨拶が行えないような遠方などの人への年始回りに変わるものとして書状でも交わされた。
English: As time passed, the New Year's greeting spread among common people, and in the Edo period express messengers (hikyaku) delivered the notes.
Japanese: 時代とともに新年の挨拶は一般に広まり、江戸時代になると飛脚が書状を運ぶようになった。
English: In 1871, after the Meiji Restoration, though the mail system was already well established, nengajo were sent as notes in most cases, but still there weren't so many.
Japanese: 明治維新後の1871年、郵便制度が確立したが年賀状は書状で送るところがほとんどで、数は決して多くはなかった。
English: When the postcard was issued in 1873, the custom of sending postcards as nengajo spread rapidly because New Year's greetings could be sent simply and inexpensively.
Japanese: 1873年に郵便はがきを発行するようになると、年始の挨拶を簡潔に安価で書き送れるということで葉書で年賀状を送る習慣が急速に広まっていった。
English: However, in or around 1887 the sending of nengajo rooted among citizens as a year-end event, resulting in a concentration of nengajo from many people in post offices, thereby increasing the amount of mail several tens of times.
Japanese: しかし明治20年頃になると年賀状を出すことが国民の間に年末年始の行事の1つとして定着し、その結果、年末年始にかけて郵便局には多くの人々が出した年賀状が集中し郵便取扱量が何十倍にもなってしまった。
English: Because the number of people engaged in the postal business was limited, the huge amount of nengajo delayed the processing of all mail, which influenced mail other than nengajo and often caused delays in delivery.
Japanese: 郵便事業に携わる人の数は限られているため膨大な年賀状のために郵便物全体の処理が遅れ、それが年賀状以外の郵便物にも影響し通常より到着が遅れることがしばしば発生していた。
English: Furthermore, the end of the year was also the closing of the business fiscal year, and therefore the delay in the mail could pose an economic obstacle.
Japanese: しかも年末は商売上の締めの時期にも当たり、郵便の遅延が経済的障害ともなりかねない状況となっていた。
English: This countermeasure failed to catch up with the ever-increasing nengajo.
Japanese: それでも、さらに増え続ける年賀状にその対応だけではとても追いついていけなかった。
English: To have a postmark dated "January 1" at either the pickup post office or the delivery post office, many people would post nengajo around December 26 to 28 and on January 1.
Japanese: そこで受付局か配達局の「1月1日」の消印を押してもらうため多くの人がそこを狙って年賀状を出すようになり、12月26日～12月28日あたりと1月1日当日の郵便物が集中するようになった。
English: To cope with such a situation, the special handling of nengajo at specified post offices started in 1899.
Japanese: そこで1899年、その対策として指定された郵便局での年賀郵便の特別取扱が始まった。
English: In the special handling system, as long as nengajo is brought to a specified post office during a specific period at the end of the year (specifically from December 20 to December 30), it will be delivered no sooner than New Year's Day postmarked with the date "January 1."
Japanese: 年末の一定時期（具体的には12月20日～12月30日の間）に指定された郵便局に持ち込めば、「1月1日」の消印で元日以降に配達するという仕組みになっていた。
English: In 1900 (as needed) the system was carried out in post offices throughout the nation, the use of private mailing cards was permitted, and finally, in 1905, the system was brought into full practice at post offices throughout the nation.
Japanese: 翌1900年には（必要に応じてではあるが）全国の郵便局で実施、私製葉書の使用も認められ、1905年に完全に全国の郵便局で実施されるようになった。
English: Nengajo were originally written and mailed on New Year's Day, but the special handling was triggered to mail them at the end of the year for delivery on New Year's Day.
Japanese: なお年賀状は本来、元日に書いて投函するのであるがこの特別取扱をきっかけに年末に投函し元日に配達するようになった。
English: It was a general rule at the time to bundle a certain amount attached with a tag in order to bring nengajo to a post office, but in 1907 it was allowable to post the nengajo regardless of the amount as long as there was the description "Nenga" on top of the postcard.
Japanese: また、当時はある程度の枚数を束ねて札をつけ、郵便局に持ち込むことが原則であったが、1907年から葉書の表に「年賀」であることを表記すれば枚数にかかわらず郵便ポストへの投函も可能となった。
English: In the years of the Great Kanto Earthquake and the death of Emperor Taisho (December 25), the special handling for the year (to be delivered in the following year) was canceled (it was carried out in the years of the deaths of Emperor Meiji and Emperor Showa).
Japanese: なお、関東大震災や大正天皇崩御（12月25日）の年は、その年（翌年配達分）の特別取扱が中止された（明治天皇・昭和天皇崩御の年は実施されている）。
English: Because the amount of the private postcard increased as the total handling amount increased, in 1935 New Year's postcard stamps were issued for attachment to private postcards.
Japanese: 年々取扱量が増えていくと共に私製葉書の取扱量も増えていったため1935年に私製葉書の貼付用として年賀切手の発行が始まった。
English: However, due to the worsening condition of the times, an issuance of New Year's postcard stamps stopped in 1938, the special handling was stopped in 1940 and there was an increased demand for voluntary restraint with the outbreak of the Pacific War.
Japanese: しかし時勢の悪化により1938年に年賀切手の発行が中止、1940年には特別取扱が中止され、太平洋戦争勃発以降はさらに自粛の声が高まった。
English: In 1949, the Otoshidama-tsuki yubin hagaki (nengajo with lottery numbers) was sold for the first time (the first New Year postcard as the official postal card), which attracted public attention and became a huge hit.
Japanese: 1949年、お年玉付郵便はがき（年賀はがき）が初めて発行され（官製はがきとしては初めての年賀はがき）、大きな話題を呼び大ヒットした。
English: In 1955, the New Year postcard was issued in Okinawa under the American occupation, and the New Year's postcard stamp was issued in 1956.
Japanese: なお、1955年にアメリカ軍占領下に置かれた沖縄でも年賀はがきが発行され、1956年には年賀切手も発行されている。
English: Initially, the lottery was included in the charitable postcards, but in 1956 it was also included in the non-charitable ones.
Japanese: お年玉付郵便はがきは当初、寄付金付きの葉書にくじが付いていたが1956年に寄付金無しの葉書もくじが付くようになった。
English: Since 1961, the postmark has been omitted from New Year's postcards; alternatively, a circular mark similar to the postmark has been printed below the price indication.
Japanese: 1961年から年賀はがきの消印が省略され額面表示の下に消印に模した丸表示を印刷するようにった。
English: In the 1970s, it became popular to print drawings and letters on New Year's postcards, and since 1982 such drawings and words of congratulations have been printed on the back of charitable New Year's postcards.
Japanese: 1970年代になると年賀はがきに絵や文字を印刷する年賀状印刷がさかんになっていき、1982年から寄付金付きの年賀はがきにの裏面に絵や賀詞が印刷されるようになった。
English: In the 21st century, it has become common to create and print New Year's postcards with pictures taken by a digital camera, using a personal computer and printer at home.
Japanese: 21世紀になるとデジタルカメラで撮った写真入りの年賀状を家庭のパソコンとプリンターで作成・印刷するスタイルが定着した。