nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: There are various views on the origin of the name, TAWARA no Tota, such as a view that the Tawara, Yurugi-gun, Sagami Province was the place of the origin of the family name, a view based on the legend that he lived in Tawara near Kyoto in his childhood, and a view that is based on a legend that he was from Tawara-go, Kurita-gun, Omi Province.
Japanese: 田原藤太の由来説には、相模国淘綾郡田原を名字の地としていたことによるとする説、幼時に京都近郊の田原に住んでいた伝説に求める説、近江国栗太郡田原郷に出自した伝説に求める説などがある。
English: Hidesato had power as a local official in Shimotsuke Province (present Tochigi Prefecture), but, in 916, he joined and involved in anti-local government movement in the neighboring province, Kozuke Province and he was condemned to exile together with 17 (18?) family members.
Japanese: 秀郷は下野国（現在の栃木県）の在庁官人として勢力を保持していたが、延喜16年（916年）隣国上野国国衙への反対闘争に加担連座し、一族17（18?）名とともに流罪とされた。
English: However, provably because he was a descendant of an emperor's vassal and his prowess made it impossible to execute exile, there is no evidence of his following the order.
Japanese: しかし王臣子孫であり、かつ秀郷の武勇が流罪の執行を不可能としたためか服命した様子は見受けられない。
English: Two year after that in 929, the local government of the Shimotsuke Province issued an order to hunt down him by reason of his immoral conducts.
Japanese: さらにその2年後の929年には、乱行のかどで下野国衙より追討官符を出されている。
English: When TAIRA no Masakado raised an army in 939 and conquered eight provinces in Kanto (Johei and Tengyo War/TAIRA no Masakado's War), he formed a coalition with TAIRA no Sadamori and attacked Sashima-gun in the Shimofusa Province, which was the base of Masakado, in March 940, next year, and suppressed the turmoil.
Japanese: 天慶2年（939年）平将門が兵を挙げて関東8か国を征圧する（承平・天慶の乱平将門の乱）と、平貞盛と連合し、翌天慶3年（940年）2月、将門の本拠地である下総国猿島郡を襲い乱を平定。
English: Several historians surmise that he was appointed as Shimotsuke no jo and Oryoshi (Suppression and Control Agent) concurrently immediately before the suppression.
Japanese: 複数の歴史学者は、平定直前に下野掾兼押領使に任ぜられたと推察している。
English: However, TAWARA no Tota who happened to pass by did not get frightened and passed the bridge stomping over the giant snake.
Japanese: そこを通りかかった俵藤太は臆することなく大蛇を踏みつけて渡ってしまった。
English: The girl was a member of a family of dragon god living in Lake Biwa-ko and the giant snake which Tota stepped on in the daytime was an embodiment of the girl.
Japanese: 娘は琵琶湖に住む龍神一族の者で、昼間藤太が踏みつけた大蛇はこの娘が姿を変えたものであった。
English: The girl explained that the family of the dragon god had been agonized by a giant centipede in Mt. Mikami-yama and asked Total to kill the centipede.
Japanese: 娘は龍神一族が三上山の百足に苦しめられていると訴え、藤太を見込んで百足退治を懇願した。
English: Tota willingly accepted the request and when he arrived in Mt. Mikami-yama carrying a sword and a bow and arrows, a giant centipede that could wind around Mt. Mikami-yama for seven and a half time appeared.
Japanese: 藤太は快諾し、剣と弓矢を携えて三上山に臨むと、三上山を7巻き半する大百足が現れた。
English: He put saliva on the last arrow and shot praying to Hachiman god and finally succeeded to kill the giant centipede.
Japanese: 最後の1本の矢に唾をつけ、八幡神に祈念して射るとようやく大百足を退治することができた。
English: Tota received from the girl treasures as recompense including a rice bag which gave rice without limit.
Japanese: 藤太は龍神の娘からお礼として、米の尽きることのない俵などの宝物を贈られた。
English: In addition, it is said that he managed to find a weak point of TAIRA no Masakado, thanks to the help of the dragon god and kill Masakado.
Japanese: また、龍神の助けで平将門の弱点を見破り、将門を討ち取ることができたという。
English: In Shimotsuke Province which was Hidesato's base, there is a story in which Sarumaudayu (or Iwaji/Iwasaburo who were hunters) killed the god of Mt. Nantai-zan which changed its form into a centipede (a legend that led to the birth of the name, "Nikko Senjougahara (warfield in Nikko)"), and it seems that this legend was linked with anecdotes of Hidesato.
Japanese: 秀郷の本拠地である下野国には、日光市と赤城山の神戦の中で大百足に姿を変えた男体山の神を猿丸太夫（または猟師の磐次・磐三郎）が討つという話があり（この折の戦場から「日光戦場ヶ原」の名が残るという伝説）、これが秀郷に結びつけられたものと考えられる。
English: This legend gave rise to the name of "Dodomeki-dori" in the present Utsunomiya City along Fujiwara/Utsunomiya line, prefectural road No. 63 of Tochigi Prefecture.
Japanese: これも現宇都宮市街・栃木県道63号藤原宇都宮線側傍の「百目鬼通り」の地名になっている。
English: There is a play on word; "It sounds great that the giant centipede was long enough to go around Mt. Mikami-yama seven and a half times, but it is just little shorter than eight rounds (in Japanese, "little shorter than eight rounds" has the same sound as hachimaki (headband)).
Japanese: 「三上山を7巻き半と聞けばすごいが、実は8巻き（鉢巻）にちょっと足りない」という洒落がある。
English: As Hidesato's descendants did not go up to Kyoto, the political center, they became ancestors of samurai clans which came to control the central part of Kanto.
Japanese: 秀郷の子孫は中央である京都には進出しなかった結果、関東中央部を支配する武家諸氏の祖となった。
English: According to "Harima Kagami" (the history of Harima Province) which was a topography of the Edo Period, he was from Kishi village in the Harima Province (present day Nishikankicho Kishi, Kakogawa City, Hyogo Prefecture).
Japanese: 江戸時代の地誌『播磨鑑』によると播磨国岸村(現兵庫県加古川市西神吉町岸)の出身とされる。
English: He was in rivalry with ABE no Seimei who was considered as the founder of Onmyodo (way of Yin and Yang; occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of the five elements), and because he was defeated by Seimei in a fight using shikigami (fierce god which behaves in accordance with Onmyoji, who were masters of Yin and Yang), he was deported to Harima Province.
Japanese: 陰陽道の祖とされる安倍晴明とライバル関係にあり、式神対決で晴明に敗れ、播磨国へ追放された。
English: Generally, he is known as Doman ASHIYA (蘆屋 [Ashiya] is otherwise written as 芦屋) who was a rival of ABE no Seimei.
Japanese: 一般的には、蘆屋道満（あしやどうまん、蘆屋は芦屋とも書く）として知られる安倍晴明のライバル。
English: While ABE no Seimei was an Onmyoji who was employed by FUJIWARA no Michinaga, Doman ASHIYA was an Onmyoji who was employed by FUJIWARA no Akimitsu.
Japanese: 安倍晴明が藤原道長お抱えの陰陽師であったのに対し、蘆屋道満は藤原顕光お抱えの陰陽師であった。
English: A folklore about Doma hoshi secretly copying Abe's "Kinugyokutoshu" (the book of secrets of Onmyodo) was later dramatized for Joruri (ballad drama) and Kabuki.
Japanese: 安部の『金烏玉兎集』を盗写したという伝説は、のちに浄瑠璃、歌舞伎に脚色された。
English: Norimune was a name of a sword craftsman of Bizen Province, the origin of the Fukuoka Ichimonji style and a generic name for all the Japanese swords produced by Norimune.
Japanese: 則宗（のりむね）は、福岡一文字派の祖で備前国の刀工であり、則宗が製作した一連の日本刀の総称でもある。
English: Norimune's style is classified as Fukuoka Ichimonji, but some people classifies it into Koichimonji, a subclass of Fukuoka Ichimonji.
Japanese: 則宗の流派は、福岡一文字、或は福岡一文字派をさらに分け、古一文字と分類する人もある。
English: Some people called him Norimune KIKUMONJI but it was a fictional story and incorrect.
Japanese: 則宗のことを菊一文字則宗などと称する人があるが、これは創作であり正しくない。
English: They had an inscription of '則宗' (Norimune) in two characters created with a small chisel (Norimune never created swords with a Kikukamon [crest of Chrysanthemum]).
Japanese: 銘は「則宗」と細鏨で2字のみ切る（菊花紋を切った作は則宗にはない）。
English: There are few genuine Norimune swords remaining, including swords designated as national treasures and important cultural property.
Japanese: 正真の在名品は極めて少なく、国宝、重要文化財に指定されている刀剣をはじめごく少数しか現存しない。
English: The retired Emperor Gotoba invited noted sward craftsmen from various provinces, had them forge swords, and casually tempered the swords with them.
Japanese: 後鳥羽上皇は諸国の名刀工を招いて鍛えさせ、親しく焼刃をしたと伝える。
English: Because Norimune was working as a swordsmith in attendance, he was allowed to inscribe a 16-petal chrysanthemum, the crest that the retired Emperor Gotoba chose as the crest for his Imperial Throne.
Japanese: 則宗は御番鍛冶を務めた事から、後鳥羽上皇が定めた皇位の紋である16弁のキク紋を銘に入れることを許された。
English: The Ichimonji (the character for number one) group inscribed their names with '一' (One) and Norimune's swords had a chrysanthemum inscribed, so they were called Kikuichimonji.
Japanese: 一文字派は銘を「一」とだけ彫り、この刀はそれに加えて菊の紋を彫ったので菊一文字と称するようになった。
English: Probably, people in later generations thought that, because Norimune was the head swordsmith in attendance, he must have been the person who inscribed the chrysanthemum symbols; that is why Norimune's swords have been called Kikuichimonji.
Japanese: おそらく後世の人々が御番鍛冶の筆頭を務めていた則宗だから菊文を切ったに違いないと考えた為に則宗の刀が菊一文字と呼ばれるようになったのではないかと思われる。
English: Besides Norimune, there were several other swordsmiths who inscribed the number '一' and a chrysanthemum but the brand of their swords are not Kikuichimonji and are not generally called as Kikuichimonji either.
Japanese: 則宗以外の刀工でも菊と一の銘を彫る刀工は何人か存在したが、これも銘は菊一文字ではないし、菊一文字と一般的には称しない。
English: Although it is said that the leader of Ichibangumi of the Shinsengumi, Soji OKITA used Norimune-made swords, Norimune's swords were treated as a national treasure at the end of the Edo period, so it was impossible for Okita to obtain one.
Japanese: 新撰組の一番隊組長沖田総司が所持していたとされるが、幕末期において、則宗の刀は既に国宝的な扱いを受けており、到底、沖田に手の出る物ではない。
English: This was a fictional set-up that a historical novelist Ryotaro SHIBA created in his book 'Shinsengumi Keppuroku' (Record of Shinsengumi Bloodshed), which led to the image of Soji OKITA's favorite sword as Kikuichimonji.
Japanese: これは歴史小説作家の司馬遼太郎が著書「新撰組血風録」の中に描いた架空の設定で、ここから沖田総司の愛刀は菊一文字というイメージが定着した。
English: Okita could have had a sword with inscription of number one and chrysanthemum made by a swordsmith other than Norimune as mentioned above, but there are no records of Shinsengumi stating that Okita had a Kikuichimonji, and instead there is a record that he had a Kiyomitsu KASHU's sword.
Japanese: 前述の則宗以外の刀工の菊と一の紋の刀ならば可能性はあるが、新撰組に関する記録で沖田が菊一文字を使っていたと書かれている記録は無く、加州清光を使っていたとの記録がある。
English: After making swords was banned in the Meiji period, the Kikuichimonji Company Limited started to make kitchen, craft, flower arrangement and horticulture knives and tools, instead of making swords.
Japanese: 作刀が禁止された明治以降、刀匠から料理用・工匠用・生花園芸用の諸刃物を製造する株式会社菊一文字として創業した。
English: Their trade name is 'Kikuichimonji,' they have a horse's mouthpiece as their registered trademark, and their head office is currently in Kawara-machi, Sanjo-dori Street, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: 「菊一文字」を屋号、鍛冶を象徴するクツワ印を紋として商標登録し、現在、京都市中京区三条通河原町に本店を持つ。
English: They have a branch shop in Tokyo and they are making a wide range of tools from nail cutters to Japanese swords in both shops.
Japanese: 支店として東京店を持ち、本店・支店共に爪切りから日本刀まで幅広い刃物を扱っている。
English: There is another 'Kikuichimonji Norimune', established in the Meiji period, head and branch shops in Futami, Ise but they have a different trademark.
Japanese: 他方、伊勢・二見にも明治創業の「菊一文字則宗」本店・支店があるが、商標が異なる。
English: Yorimitsu SUWA (year of birth unknown-1483), a person in the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 諏訪頼満（すわよりみつ、?-文明(日本)15年（1483年））は、室町時代の人物。
English: The confrontation lasted into the generation of Masamitsu SUWA (the soryo family) and Tsugumitsu (継満) (the ohori family), finally in 1483, in cooperation with the Kanasashi clan and the Takato clan Tsugumitsu (継満) murdered Masamitsu and his subordinates (Bunmei no Naiko, the internal strife in the Bunmei era).
Japanese: この対立はそれぞれの子の諏訪政満（惣領家）と諏訪継満（大祝家）との代にも継続し、ついに文明15年に、継満は金刺氏や高遠氏と組んで政満らを謀殺する（文明の内訌）。
English: In the confusion, Yorimitsu, who already retired at that time, was killed because he was ill in bed and not able to escape.
Japanese: この混乱の中、隠居の頼満は病床にあったため逃げ切れず討ち取られている。
English: Yorimitsu SUWA (1473-January 27, 1540) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Sengoku period.
Japanese: 諏訪頼満（すわよりみつ、文明(日本)5年（1473年）-天文(元号)8年12月9日(旧暦)（1540年1月17日））は戦国時代(日本)の武将。
English: On February 24, 1483, Tsugumitsu (継満) SUWA from the Suwa clan (the ohori family), Okiharu KANASASHI (the Suwa shimosha Kanasashi clan) and Tsugumune (継宗) TAKATO (the Takato clan) carried out a revolt (Bunmei no Naiko) and because Masamitsu, Yorimitsu's father and older brother were killed, Yorimitsu took over as head of the family at the age of 10.
Japanese: 文明15年1月8日_(旧暦)、一族の諏訪継満（大祝家）・金刺興春（諏訪下社金刺氏）・高遠継宗（高遠氏）の反乱（文明の内訌）によって父政満と兄を殺されたため10歳で家督を相続した。
English: After he grow up, he exiled Masaharu KANASASHI, a son of Okiharu KANASASHI to Kai Province and forced Yoritsugu TAKATO, a son of Tsugumune (継宗) TAKATO to surrender, so he unified Suwa County area and fought against Nobutora TAKEDA in Kai who helped Masaharu.
Japanese: 成長すると金刺興春の子・金刺昌春を甲斐国に追放し、高遠継宗の子・高遠頼継を降伏させて諏訪郡一帯を統一し、さらに昌春を助ける甲斐の武田信虎とも戦う。
English: In 1528, he smashed the Nobutora force at Sakai-gawa River, Godo on a frontier (present-day Fujimi-cho, Suwa County, Nagano Prefecture) and actively expanded his territory.
Japanese: 享禄元年（1528年）には国境の神戸境川（長野県諏訪郡富士見町）において信虎勢を撃破し、積極的に領国を拡大していった。
English: He was called "Chuko no So"(the founder of a renaissance) of the Suwa clan because the Suwa clan had the most prosperous time under his leadership.
Japanese: このように諏訪氏の最盛期を築き上げた頼満は、『諏訪氏中興の祖』と言われた。
English: On May 25, 1530, his legitimate son Yoritaka suddenly passed away earlier than Yorimitsu at the age of 31 and in 1534, he transferred the head of the family to his legitimate grandchild Yorishige SUWA (the Sengoku period), entered into priesthood and called himself Hekiunsai.
Japanese: 享禄3年（1530年）4月18日(旧暦)、嫡男諏訪頼隆が頼満に先立って31歳で急死、天文3年には嫡孫の諏訪頼重(戦国時代)に家督を譲って出家して碧雲斎と名乗る。
English: In 1531, he supported kokujin ryoshu (local samurai lord) in Kai Province but lost the Kawarabe Battle (Nirasaki City, Yamanashi Prefecture) and made peace with Nobutora in 1535.
Japanese: 享禄4年（1531年）には甲斐の国人領主らを後援した河原辺合戦（山梨県韮崎市）で敗退しており、天文4年（1535年）には信虎と和睦する。
English: He let Yorishige marry the daughter of Nobutora and attacked Nagamune OGASAWARA together, however he died of illness at the age of 67 because a tumor on his back became worse.
Japanese: 信虎の娘を頼重に娶わせてともに小笠原長棟を攻めたが、背中に出来た腫瘍の悪化によって67歳で病死した。
English: Originally, he was a Buddhist monk at Kishi-dera Temple in Iyo Province; however in 1556, because the family head Sanemitsu SAIONJI's biological child, Kintaka died in a battle, Kinhiro became the adopted heir of Sanemitsu and returned to secular life in 1565.
Japanese: もともとは伊予国来住寺で僧籍にあったが、弘治(日本)2年（1556年）、当主であった西園寺実充の実子公高が戦死したため、永禄8年（1565年）に実充の養嗣子として迎えられて還俗した。
English: In 1568, in cooperation with the Mori clan and the Kono clan he fought against Kanesada ICHIJO, Toyotsuna UTSUNOMIYA and the Tsuno clan and won.
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年）には毛利氏、河野氏と手を結んで一条兼定、宇都宮豊綱、津野氏を攻めて勝利した。
English: In 1572, he fought against the Tosa Ichijo clan, but was attacked by Yoshishige OTOMO who was related to the Ichijo clan and suffered a crushing defeat.
Japanese: 元亀3年（1572年）にも土佐一条氏を攻めたが、逆に一条氏と縁戚関係にあった大友義鎮の攻撃を受けて大敗した。
English: In 1584, he was attacked by Motochika CHOSOKABE and surrendered, then in 1585, attacked by Takakage KOBAYAKAWA, a retainer of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI who aimed to subjugate Shikoku and surrendered.
Japanese: 天正12年（1584年）、長宗我部元親の猛攻を受けて降伏し、翌天正13年（1585年）、四国平定を図る豊臣秀吉配下の小早川隆景に攻められて降伏したのである。
English: After that, only Kurose-jo Castle was left to Kinhiro and he became a retainer of Takakage KOBAYAKAWA but in 1587, he was killed by a retainer of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, Katsutaka TODA who was newly assigned as the feudal lord of Uwa County.
Japanese: その後は居城の黒瀬城のみを残され、新領主の小早川隆景に属したが、天正15年（1587年）、新たに宇和の領主となった秀吉の家臣・戸田勝隆に戸田邸で謀殺された。
English: Harumichi was the head of the main Hatano clan and Hideharu should have simply taken it over, but somehow Hideharu became an adopted child of his uncle Motohide HATANO before taking over his father's position.
Japanese: 晴通は波多野氏本家の当主であり、秀治はその後を相続したはずと考えられるのだが、なぜか一族の伯父である波多野元秀の養子となった上で家督を継いでいる。
English: The Hatano clan had been working for Nagayoshi (Chokei) MIYOSHI since the death of Hideharu's grandfather Tanemichi HATANO, and Hideharu was at first a vassal of the Miyoshi clan.
Japanese: 波多野氏は秀治の祖父・波多野稙通の死後から三好長慶に服属していたため、秀治は最初は三好氏の家臣であった。
English: However, after the death of Nagayoshi (Chokei) in 1566, Hideharu recaptured their headquarters Yakami-jo Castle to become independent as a Sengoku Daimyo.
Japanese: だが、長慶死後の永禄8年（1566年）、秀治は居城の八上城を奪還し、戦国大名として独立した。
English: In 1568, when Nobunaga ODA visited Kyoto to obey Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA, Hideharu became Nobunaga's vassal.
Japanese: 永禄10年（1568年）、織田信長が足利義昭を奉じて上洛してくると、信長の家臣となった。
English: In 1574, Hideharu joined Mitsuhide AKECHI's army sent by Nobunaga and fought to suppress local powers who were opposed to the Oda clan in Tanba, but all of a sudden in February 1575, he changed his allegiances and attacked Mitsuhide's army and repelled them (The Battle of Kuroi-jo Castle).
Japanese: 天正2年（1575年）には信長が派遣してきた明智光秀の軍勢に加わって丹波で織田氏に反抗する豪族の討伐を担当したが、天正3年（1576年）1月に突如として叛旗を翻し、光秀の軍勢を攻撃して撃退した（黒井城の戦い）。
English: Against this, Hideharu fought by barricading himself in the Yakami-jo Castle and coped with Mitsuhide's attack for over one and a half years.
Japanese: これに秀治は八上城で籠城して対抗、光秀の攻撃を1年半にもわたって耐え抜いた。
English: However, with Mitsuhide's plan, local powers of Tango and Tajima Provinces who used to be on Hideharu's side turned to the Oda clan side; and they ran out of army provisions due to being besieged for a long time, he surrendered to Mitsuhide in 1579.
Japanese: しかしながら光秀の調略で味方であったはずの丹後国・但馬国における豪族が織田氏に寝返り、さらに長期の籠城戦で兵糧も尽きてしまい、天正7年（1579年）に光秀に降伏した。
English: Later on, Hideharu was sent to the Azuchi Castle with his brother Hidenao but on Nobunaga's order, he was executed by crucifixion in Jion-ji Temple of Jogo-in in Azuchi on July 5.
Japanese: その後、秀治は弟の秀尚と共に安土城に送られたが、信長の命令で6月2日に安土の浄巌院慈恩寺で磔に処された。
English: He had high respect for the Imperial Court and he not only donated funds for the ceremony of the enthronement of the Emperor Ogimachi but also provided a security service for Kyoto by leading his army.
Japanese: 朝廷を重んじる尊王心が強かったようで、正親町天皇に対して即位の礼の費用を献上し、さらに軍を率いて京都の警護を務めている。
English: The reason that Hideharu, who were crushingly weaker in force size, amount of material and human resources, could fight against Nobunaga for more than one and a half years was that he was superior at hit-and-run tactics utilizing the topography of the mountains in Tanba.
Japanese: 圧倒的に兵力・物量・人材で劣る秀治が、信長に対して1年半以上も抵抗し続けることができた理由は、丹波の山間の地形を利用したゲリラ戦法に長けていたからである。
English: However, this upset Nobunaga extraordinarily and Hideharu ended up being executed by crucifixion.
Japanese: だが、このために信長の怒りは尋常ではなく、磔に処される結果となった。
English: Mitsuhide, who was irritated by the prolonged battle, ended the tact of holding the castle by promising to save Hideharu and Hidenao under the condition that Mitsuhide would give his own mother (this could have been his aunt who brought him up) as a hostage to Hideharu and Hideharu and Hidenao would surrender and open the castle.
Japanese: 長期戦に苛立つ光秀が、生母（あるいは育ての母同然の叔母とも）を秀治に人質として差し出し、代わりに秀治・秀尚が降伏して開城するという条件で助命するということで籠城戦を終結させた。
English: Yet, because Nobunaga did not forgive and executed Hideharu and his brother, the enraged johei (castle garrison) killed Mitsuhide's mother by crucifixion.
Japanese: しかし信長は秀治兄弟を許さずに処刑したため、激怒した城兵が光秀の生母を磔に処した。
English: In another theory, a johei, who was unhappy about the prolonged battle, is thought to have taken Hideharu and his brother to Mitsuhide and opened the castle.
Japanese: また一説に、長期戦に不満を持った城兵が、秀治兄弟を光秀に差し出して開城に持ち込んだともされる。
English: Buyeo Pung (years of birth and death unknown) was the prince of the last King Uija of Paekche (reign AD 641 to AD 660).
Japanese: 扶余豊璋（ふよほうしょう、扶余豐璋、生没年不詳）は百済最後の義慈王（在位：641年-660年）の王子。
English: Buyeo Pung was the transcription in "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan), in "Samguk Sagi" (History of the Three Kingdoms), it was Yeo Pung, and in "Jiu Tang Shu" (Old Tang History), it was Yeo Pung.
Japanese: 扶余豊璋は『日本書紀』での表記、『三国史記』では余豊璋、『旧唐書』では余豊である。
English: While he was staying in the old Japan, Paekche was destroyed by Tang Dynasty and Silla, so he returned home to revive Paekche.
Japanese: 倭国滞在中、百済本国が唐・新羅に滅ぼされたため、百済を復興すべく帰国した。
English: Pung came from overseas, according to "Nihonshoki", in March, AD 631.
Japanese: 豊璋の渡来時期は『日本書紀』によれば舒明天皇3年（631年）3月である。
English: However, in 'History of Paekche' of "Samguk Sagi" (History of the Three Kingdoms), since it says that the relationship with Yamato (ancient Japan) was established in AD 653, it was conjectured that he might have come around this time.
Japanese: が、『三国史記』百済本紀には義慈王13年（653年）倭国と通好すとあるので、この頃ではないだろうかとする説もある。
English: In "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan), it was already written that on February 15 AD 650 during the rule of Emperor Kotoku, Pung attended the ceremony of the white pheasant presentation (which was the start of changing name of an era) in Naniwanomiya Palace that was under construction.
Japanese: 『書紀』には既に孝徳天皇の650年2月15日、造営途中の難波宮で白雉改元の契機となった白雉献上の儀式に豊璋が出席している。
English: Though Pung was a hostage who mortgages the alliance of Paekche with Japan, Pung was treated as an honored guest, so it was not bad.
Japanese: 豊璋は日本と百済の同盟を担保する人質ではあったが、日本側は太安万侶の一族多蒋敷の妹を豊璋に娶わせるなど、待遇は賓客扱いであり決して悪くはなかった。
English: In AD 660, news reached that said the Allied Forces of Tang Dynasty and Silla Kingdom suddenly destroyed Paekche.
Japanese: 660年、唐・新羅の連合軍が急に百済を滅ぼしたという知らせが届いた。
English: After the Tang army conquered Paekche, the majority returned leaving only a stationed troop of 10,000 soldiers, and therefore a note from Fukushin Kishitsu and others, who was the Sahira (highest officer in Paekche) also came, saying that they had raised a revolt.
Japanese: 唐軍は百済征服後、大部分が引き上げ、1万の駐留軍が残るだけであるので、百済の佐平・鬼室福信らが百済を復興すべく反乱を起こしたという知らせも来た。
English: At that time, King Naka no Oe no Oji (later Emperor Tenchi), who seized the real power in Yamato (ancient Japan), decided to support revival of the Paekche by enumerating all the effort in Yamato, and moved the capital to Chikushi Asakura Palace.
Japanese: 当時、倭国の実権を掌握していた中大兄王（後の天智天皇）は倭国の総力を挙げて百済復興を支援することを決定、都を筑紫朝倉宮に移動させた。
English: In May AD 662, Yamato affixed 5000 soldiers, led by two generals Sai Binro and HATA no Takutsu, and 170 military ships to Pung and dispatched him to Paekche.
Japanese: 662年5月、倭国は豊璋に狭井檳榔、秦田来津の二将率いる兵5000と軍船170艘を添えて百済へと遣わした。
English: Pung and the Yamato army joined Fukushin Kishitsu, Pung was recommended as King of Paekche, but later, the discord with Fukushin Kishitsu who seized the real power gradually arose.
Japanese: 豊璋と倭軍は鬼室福信と合流し、豊璋は百済王に推戴されたが、次第に実権を握る鬼室福信との確執が生まれた。
English: However, because of this violent act, Paekche's revival army remarkably weakened and caused the Tang-Silla army to invade.
Japanese: しかしこの暴挙により百済復興軍は著しく弱体化し、唐・新羅軍の侵攻を招くことになった。
English: On both days of August 27, 28, they confronted with Yamato's sea warriors in Baekgang River (also called White River or White Horse River in Korea).
Japanese: 8月27、28日の両日、倭国水軍と白村江（韓国では「白江」、「白馬江」ともいう）で衝突した。
English: About the younger brother of Pung, according to "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan), he was called Paekche King Zenko (different kanji characters of Zenko in "Shoku Nihongi" [Chronicles of Japan Continued]), came from overseas to Japan and stayed here.
Japanese: 豊璋の弟については、『日本書紀』によれば百済王善光（『続日本紀』では禪廣）といい日本に渡来人として滞在した。
English: The descendants were given kabane (hereditary title) of Paekche clan from Emperor Jito, and handed down the royal line of Paekche.
Japanese: その子孫が持統天皇から百済王氏（くだらのこにきし）のカバネを賜って百済の王統を伝えた。
English: In "Manyoshu" Volume 1, chapters 5 and 6, there is a Japanese poem composed by a person called Guno who presented it while he was accompanying the Imperial Progress of Emperor Jomei.
Japanese: 『万葉集』巻一第五番、六番に「軍王」と称する人物が舒明天皇の行幸に供奉した際に作った和歌が収録されている。
English: However, there is a theory saying that this Guno who was was read "konikishi no Ookimi" may be Pung.
Japanese: しかし、この「軍王」を「こにきしのおおきみ」と読み、豊璋のことではないかと見る説がある。
English: FUJIWARA no Nagate (714 to March 15, 771) was a politician during the Nara period.
Japanese: 藤原永手（ふじわらのながて、和銅7年（714年）-宝亀2年2月21日(旧暦)（771年3月15日））は、奈良時代の政治家。
English: However, because the eldest son FUJIWARA no Ukai died young, he was substantially the eldest son of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, and was promoted to important positions by Emperor Koken.
Japanese: しかし、長男の藤原鳥養が夭折したため、実質的に藤原北家の長として孝謙天皇の代より重用された。
English: In AD 757 when Funado no Okimi deposed Crown Prince, he, together with FUJIWARA no Toyonari, recommended Prince Shioyaki as the Crown Prince of Emperor Koken.
Japanese: 天平宝字元年（757年）の道祖王廃太子の際には、孝謙天皇の皇嗣として藤原豊成とともに塩焼王を推挙した。
English: (After all, Prince Oi [later Emperor Junnin] who was the favorite of Nakamaro became Crown Prince)
Japanese: （結局、仲麻呂の意中であった大炊王（のちの淳仁天皇）が皇太子となる）
English: On August 25 AD 758, during the Daijokan (Grand Council of State)'s conference amendment of official posts by Nakamaro, he was the only absent giseikan (legislative official).
Japanese: 同2年（758年）8月25日に開かれた仲麻呂による官号改易の際の太政官の会議に議政官で唯一欠席している。
English: After Nakamaro gripped full powers of the court, he was with ISHIKAWA no Toshitari or FUNYA no Kiyomi and became the third rank in Daijokan (Grand Council of State), but was placed politically in a misfortune situation.
Japanese: 仲麻呂が朝廷の全権を把握すると、石川年足あるいは文室浄三についで太政官の第3位にあったものの、政治的には不遇の状況に置かれた。