nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: On December 28, 1926, Emperor Showa, who had just been enthroned, issued an ordinance to Saionji in particular ('Ordinance given to the Supreme Order Prince Kinmochi SAIONJI'), and by this, it became institutionally certain for Saionji to be 'the last Genro' and to continue serving as an advisor regarding the appointment of the Prime Minister, and he continued in one way or another to be involved in the recommendations of the Cabinet Chiefs until the Yonai Cabinet was formed in January, 1940 (he declined to give recommendations to the Second Konoe cabinet).
Japanese: 昭和元年（1926年）12月28日、践祚直後の昭和天皇は西園寺に対し特に勅語を与え（「大勲位公爵西園寺公望ニ賜ヒタル勅語」）、これにより、西園寺は「最後の元老」として引き続き内閣総理大臣奏薦の任に当たることが制度上確定、昭和15年（1940年）1月の米内内閣までは何らかの形で首班推奏に関与し続けることになる（第二次近衛内閣については奏薦を謝絶している）。
English: Regarding the Incident of blowing up Zhang Zuolin to death (Manchurian certain serious incident) in 1928, Saionji was the first person to become suspicious when the full account of the incident was reported.
Japanese: 昭和3年（1928年）、張作霖爆殺事件（満州某重大事件）では事件の顛末の報告に対し、最初に不審を抱いたのが西園寺であった。
English: Saionji suspected that the Army had a hand in the incident, and went to the capital from Okitsu, summoned Prime Minister Giichi TANAKA, and advised him that the government must thoroughly investigate this affair, and if the guilty party was Japanese, a harsh punishment should be exacted.
Japanese: 西園寺は陸軍の仕業であることに気づき、興津より上京して首相田中義一を呼びつけ、政府としてこの問題をしっかり調べ、もし犯人が日本人であるならば厳罰に処す必要があることを申し渡している。
English: Regarding this incident, Tanaka also indicated his view of harshly punishing the perpetrator via court-martial so as to maintain international credibility, but because nothing was being done Saionji again urged the investigation and the report.
Japanese: この件に関して田中も、国際的な信用を保つために容疑者を軍法会議によって厳罰に処すべきとの考えを示したが、一向に実行にいたらないので西園寺は再び調査と報告を急かしている。
English: On the other hand, he admonished the Emperor for not behaving appropriately (as a constitutional monarch) when Emperor Showa admonished Tanaka saying, 'I don't want to hear any more from Tanaka.'
Japanese: そのいっぽうで、昭和天皇が田中を「もう田中の話は聞きたくない」と叱責したことについては、立憲君主制の立場からすればふさわしくないとして、天皇を諫めている。
English: In the February 26 Incident of 1936, a contingent of (resolutely) mutinous officers had planned to attack Saionji, but the plan was never put into action.
Japanese: 昭和11年（1936年）の二・二六事件事件においては、決起将校の一部が西園寺襲撃を計画していたが、実行されなかった。
English: It is said that those who advocated the attack viewed Genro Saionji as a prime example of a 'wily vassal surrounding the Emperor,' while those who opposed used an outward excuse of exploiting Saionji as a pipe between the Emperor.
Japanese: 襲撃を主張する者は元老西園寺を「君側の奸」の最たるものと見なしていたのに対し、否定派は西園寺を天皇とのパイプとして利用することを表向きの口実としていたと言われる。
English: Furthermore, the Emperor was enraged by this incident and said that he would lead the Konoe Troops himself to fight against the rebellious troops, Saionji admonished him for taking an action unfit for a ruler under constitutional monarchy.
Japanese: またこの事件に対し天皇が激怒し、自ら近衛部隊を率いて叛乱軍と戦うと言い出した時は、立憲君主制下の君主にあるまじき行動として、激しく諌言している。
English: Aside from his main residence in Suruga-dai, Tokyo, he retired to his villas of Binsenzuka-besso in Gotenba-cho, Shizuoka Prefecture, Zagyo-so in Okitsu, also in Shizuoka Prefecture, and in Seifu-so in Kyoto, and he occupied an important position as a Genro.
Japanese: 東京駿河台の本邸の他に、静岡県御殿場町の便船塚別荘、同じく静岡県興津の坐漁荘、京都の清風荘の各別荘に隠棲し、元老として重きをなした。
English: In his very last years, other than staying in Gotenba to avoid the hot summer, he lived most of the year in Zagyo-so where it remained warm during winter.
Japanese: 最晩年になると、避暑のために御殿場に滞在する以外は、年の大半を冬期が温暖な坐漁荘で過ごしている。
English: In 1937, Saionji asked permission to resign from his position as a Genro when Kazushige UGAKI, who received an order to form a cabinet, failed because of resistance from the military.
Japanese: 昭和12年（1937年）、組閣大命を受けた宇垣一成の組閣が軍部の反対により失敗すると、西園寺は元老辞退を申し出た。
English: Even though he did not receive permission to resign from his position as a Genro, advising of the appointment of the Prime Minister was led by the Minister of the Imperial Household followed by Saionji, who confirmed it.
Japanese: 元老拝辞はならなかったものの、内閣総理大臣奏薦は内大臣主導で行い、西園寺がそれを追認する形式となった。
English: After the First Konoe Cabinet was formed in the same year, he gradually retreated from the political stage, and he passed away on November 24, 1940, two months after the formation of Tripartite Military Pact, which he had continued to oppose.
Japanese: 同年の第一次近衛内閣成立以降は次第に政治の表舞台から退き、反対し続けた日独伊三国軍事同盟成立の2ヶ月後の昭和15年（1940年）11月24日に死去した。
English: It is said that his last words were 'where on earth are they taking this country to?'
Japanese: 最後の言葉は「いったいどこへ国をもってゆくのや」であったと伝えられる。
English: Fumimaro KONOE, of whom he had high expectations, distanced himself from him, and it is said that he regretted until the end that he had recommended him as a prime minister.
Japanese: 期待していた近衛文麿に離反され、首相に推薦したことを最後まで後悔していたという。
English: In 1941, his grandson, Kinkazu SAIONJI, who was the brains of the Konoe Cabinet, was arrested for being involved in the Sorge Incident.
Japanese: 昭和16年（1941年）には近衛内閣のブレーンを務める孫の西園寺公一が、ゾルゲ事件に関与したとして逮捕されている。
English: When he was Minister of Education he emphasized nurturing of educated 'citizens,' and he tried to 'put an emphasis on science, English and the education of girls.'
Japanese: 文部大臣時代の西園寺は、教養ある「市民」の育成を重視し、「科学や英語や女子教育を重視せよ」と言明していた。
English: In 1890, he opposed the 'Education Ordinance' crafted by lawmakers including Tsuyoshi INOUE, and as soon as he obtained Emperor Meiji's permission to revise the Education Ordinance he worked on drafting 'The Second Education Ordinance.'
Japanese: 明治23年（1890年）には井上毅らが作った「教育勅語」に反対し、明治天皇から教育勅語改定の許可を得るとともに「第二次教育勅語」の作成に取り組んだ。
English: The original draft of this 'Second Education Ordinance' was donated to Ritsumeikan University by the Saionji Family, and it is currently kept there.
Japanese: この「第二次教育勅語」の草案は西園寺家から立命館大学に寄贈されて現存している。
English: Many fellows Kojuro NAKAGAWA's hometown (later the founder of Ritsumeikan University) became its students, but it was closed in less than a year because of a closure order from the Kyoto Prefectural Office (under the dual capital system of Dajokan).
Japanese: 中川小十郎（後の立命館大学創立者）の郷里の人間が多数学生となったが、京都府庁（太政官複都制）の差留命令により1年弱で閉鎖された。
English: Present day Ritsumeikan University was named after Ritsumeikan Private School, the name Nakagawa inherited, and even though Saionji's association with it as an institution of higher learning ended, he contributed in various ways to establish Kyoto Hosei School, an evening law school (present day Ritsumeikan University) as a successor to 'Ritsumeikan Private School.'
Japanese: 現在の立命館大学は、中川がその名跡を譲り受けたもので、大学組織的としての連続性は絶たれたが西園寺は「私塾立命館」の後継として京都法政学校（現・立命館大学）創立にあたり様々な支援を行う事になる。
English: Saionji used his political power and network to contribute to Kyoto Hosei School, an evening law school (Ritsumeikan University), including Saionji's biological younger brother, Takemaro SUEHIRO, who became the executive officer of the school, and another biological younger brother, Tomoito SUMITOMO, head of Sumitomo Zaibatsu, who donated large sums to the school.
Japanese: 西園寺の実弟末弘威麿が学園幹事に就任、同じく実弟の住友財閥当主住友友純が大口の寄付を行うなど、西園寺は自分の持つ政治力、人脈用いて京都法政学校（立命館大学）に協力した。
English: Furthermore, he donated large number of books so that Ritsumeikan University (under the old system) would fulfill the requirement to be recognized as a university, and they are kept as a valuable collection named the 'Saionji Library' at Ritsumeikan University.
Japanese: また彼の寄付した多数の書籍は立命館大学（旧制）が大学昇格条件を満たすために為されたものであり、現在も「西園寺文庫」として立命館大学に貴重コレクションとして保存されている。
English: The first donation took place in May, 1925, and consisted of 187 British and French books.
Japanese: 一回目の寄贈は大正14年（1925年）5月に行われ、英仏書187冊であった。
English: Later on, 300 Japanese and Chinese books were donated on October 16, 1930, and in June, 1938, 739 volumes and 881 traditionally bound Japanese books, which had been passed down in the Saionji family, were donated as well.
Japanese: その後、昭和5年（1930年）10月16日に和漢書約300冊、昭和13年（1938年）6月には西園寺家伝来の和綴本739部881冊の寄贈が為された。
English: These traditionally bound Japanese books contain valuable documents related to the ceremonial rites of the Imperial Court, yusoku-kojitsu (knowledge of court rules, ceremony, decorum and records of the past), records of the era, name changes, and waka poems.
Japanese: この和綴書には、宮中儀式、有職故実関係、改元記録、和歌関係などの貴重文書が含まれている。
English: The fourth and the last donation was made in May, 1940.
Japanese: そして最後、すなわち四回目の寄贈は昭和15年（1940年）5月に行われている。
English: The resources donated in this last donation amounted to 6671Japanese and Chinese books, and it was unique because it contained large numbers of books Saionji particularly loved.
Japanese: この最後の寄贈資料は和漢書6,671冊にもおよび、西園寺が特に愛読していたと思われるものが大量に含まれているのが特徴とされる。
English: Furthermore, Kinmochi gave Ritsumeikan University permission to use the 'Left Tomoe (a pattern of one or more curled tadpole shapes inside a circle)' flag, which is the family emblem of Saionji family, and it was in fact put into use.
Japanese: また公望は西園寺家家紋である「左巴」の旗を立命館大学が使用することを許可しており実際に使用されていた。
English: When Kojuro NAKAGAWA consulted Saionji about the use of the name 'Ritsumeikan,' he was overjoyed at the reuse of the name and the spirit of "Ritsumeikan" (reconstruction of Ritsumeikan) and he gave him a large decorative frame of "Ritsumeikan and its history."
Japanese: 中川小十朗が「立命館」の名称を用いる事を西園寺に申し出た際には『立命館』の名称と精神の継承（立命館の再興）を大層喜び『立命館と由緒』の大扁額を与えた。
English: Later, Saionji made a statement about the current Ritsumeikan University as 'a school that inherits the spirit and the name of Ritsumeikan that I built,' and he was very happy that the Ritsumeikan he created was reconstructed and that its legacy could live on.
Japanese: 後に西園寺は「余が建設せる立命館の名称と精神を継承せる貴学」と現在の立命館大学の事を述べており、彼の作った立命館が再興し、受け継がれている事を喜んだ。
English: On this occasion, he chose Ritsumeikan University Hirokoji Campus as the site of his visit, and he spent some time looking at the decorative frame displayed in the hall of the school building that had the word "Ritsumeikan" on it, which he himself had written.
Japanese: その際立命館大学広小路校地を訪問先に選んだが、校舎ホールに飾ってある自筆の『立命館』の扁額にしばらく目を留めた。
English: (From Bunshun, "Genro SAIONJI Kinmochi") Regarding this frame, Hiroo SAIONJI (a great grandson of Kinmochi SAIONJI) said the following:
Japanese: （文春「元老西園寺公望」より）　この『立命館』の扁額については、西園寺裕夫（西園寺公望の曾孫）はこう語っている。
English: However, the handwriting in "Ritsumeikan" was written when he was barely 20 years old, and it was very masculine and powerful.
Japanese: しかし若干20歳のときに書いた『館命立』の書は大変男性的であり、迫力があったのです。
English: This powerfulness was probably a representation of his desire to "create a new nation and new people."'
Japanese: この力強さは当時志していた“新しい国づくり人づくり”への思いの表れだったのではないかと思います」
English: In 1940, in the year Saionji passed away, Ritsumeikan University made an arrangement to designate Kinmochi SAIONJI, who contributed greatly to its establishment and to the education it provided later on, as the 'founder' (however, perhaps from his principle of life, there was a page in his will that read 'do not inscribe my biography' and 'do not create a monument for me' along with 'do not designate me as the founder of Ritsumeikan').
Japanese: 西園寺が没した昭和15年（1940年）に立命館大学は、創立とその後の教育に大きく貢献した西園寺公望を立命館大学の「学祖」と取り決めた（但し、西園寺の美意識からか彼の遺言には「余の伝記を記すべからず」「余の碑を作るべからず」とともに「余を立命館の学祖とすべからず」の項があった）。
English: Exchange between the Saionji family and Ritsumeikan University still continues to this day, and members of the Saionji family attend events at the university.
Japanese: 西園寺家と立命館大学の交流は現代も続いており大学の行事に西園寺家の人々が出席している。
English: In 1897, he invited the second Imperial University to be set up in Kyoto (now Kyoto University).
Japanese: 明治30年（1897年）、第2の帝国大学（現在の京都大学）を京都に誘致
English: October 22 (the 23rd on birth certificate), 1849: He was born in Kyoto as the second son of Kinito TOKUDAIJI of the Seigake family.
Japanese: 嘉永2年（1849年）10月22日（戸籍上は23日）、清華家の徳大寺公純の次男として京都で誕生。
English: October 7, 1857: Coming-of-age ceremony, he was permitted to enter the Imperial Palace, and he was reassigned to the Konoefu (the Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards).
Japanese: 安政4年（1857年）10月7日、元服し、昇殿を聴され、近衛府に転任。
English: January 4: Meiji Government (pertaining to this year, the term "Government" is used as an abbreviation for "Meiji Government".) jointly assigned to the post of Sanin-do Governor of Riot Control in the Government.
Japanese: 1月4日、明治政府（この年に関しては以下略して政府を付す。）山陰道鎮撫総督を兼帯。
English: April 5, leap month: Reassigned from Tajima-Fuchu Court Director General to be the Sanin-do Court Director General of the Government and jointly assigned to the post of Admiral of the Tozan-do Second Army.
Japanese: 閏4月5日、政府但馬府中裁判所総督から政府山陰道裁判所総督及び東山道第二軍総督に異動兼帯。
English: April 24, leap month: Reassigned from Sanin-do Court Director General of the Government and Admiral of the Tozan-do Second Army to, and jointly appointed to the post of a Delegate of Northern provinces pacification.
Japanese: 閏4月23日、政府山陰道裁判所総督兼東山道第二軍総督より政府北国鎮撫使に異動兼帯。
English: December 3, 1870: He departed from Yokohama in order to study in France at the government's expense.
Japanese: 明治3年（1870年）12月3日、官費によりフランス留学のため、横浜より出航。
English: February 14, 1885: Assigned to the post of envoy extraordinary to Austria.
Japanese: 明治18年（1885年）2月14日、オーストリア特命全権公使として赴任。
English: September 18: He entered the cabinet and continued with his joint assignment as Minister of Education and Foreign Minister in the Second Matsukata Cabinet.
Japanese: 9月18日、第2次松方内閣発足で引き続き、外務大臣兼文部大臣として入閣。
English: October 27: Became Chairman of the Privy Council, and therefore became a member of the Fourth Ito Cabinet.
Japanese: 10月27日、枢密院議長に就任し、併せて第4次伊藤内閣の班列となる。
English: At this time, he held the rank of Shonii (Senior Second Rank), the rank of a marquis, he received the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure, he was Chairman of the Privy Council and he was Acting Prime Minister and Acting Minister of Finance.
Japanese: 時に、正二位・侯爵・勲一等旭日大綬章・枢密院議長・内閣総理大臣臨時・大蔵大臣臨時。
English: June 2: Upon formation of the First Katsura Cabinet, he resigned from the position of Acting Prime Minister and Acting Minister of Finance.
Japanese: 6月2日、第1次桂内閣組閣により、内閣総理大臣臨時・大蔵大臣臨時を辞す。
English: January 7: Became Prime Minister (the First Saionji Cabinet) and was jointly appointed as Acting Minister of Finance.
Japanese: 1月7日、内閣総理大臣に就任（第1次西園寺内閣）し、文部大臣臨時を兼任。
English: August 30, 1911: Became Prime Minister (the Second Saionji Cabinet).
Japanese: 明治44年（1911年）8月30日、内閣総理大臣に就任（第2次西園寺内閣）
English: December 21, 1912: Resigned from the position of Prime Minister and became a Genro.
Japanese: 大正元年（1912年）12月21日、内閣総理大臣を辞し、元老となる。
English: He recommended Masahisa MATSUDA as his successor, but because Matsuda died suddenly, he assigned Takashi HARA as his successor.
Japanese: 後継に松田正久を推薦するが、松田が急死したために原敬を後継者とした。
English: He built a villa (Zagyo-so) in Okitsu-cho, Ihara-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture (present day Seikenji-cho, Okitstu, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka City) and retired there.
Japanese: 静岡県庵原郡興津町(現静岡市清水区興津清見寺町)に別荘(坐漁荘)を建て隠棲。
English: After that, key figures in the government and business circles frequently visited Saionji in Okitsu, and the term 'Okitsu visits' was born.
Japanese: 以後政財界の要人が頻繁に興津の西園寺の元を訪れるようになり、「興津詣」（おきつもうで）という言葉が生まれる。
English: September 7, 1920: He was promoted to Prince (due to his achievements as a chief delegate at the Paris Peace Conference).
Japanese: 大正9年（1920年）9月7日、公爵に昇叙（パリ講和会議首席全権の功による）。
English: The first wife was Geisha Tamahachi (Kikuko KOBAYASHI) of Shinbashi (Minato-ku, Tokyo), and she had a daughter, Shin.
Japanese: 最初の妻は新橋(東京都港区)芸者玉八（小林菊子）で、娘・新をもうけた。
English: Shin married Hachiro SAIONJI, the eighth son of Prince Motonori (Sadahiro) MORI, former lord of Choshu-han, and gave birth to 3 boys and 3 girls, including Kinkazu SAIONJI and Fujio SAIONJI.
Japanese: 新は旧長州藩主毛利元徳公爵の八男・西園寺八郎と結婚し、西園寺公一、西園寺不二男など三男三女を産んだ。
English: He brought along Hanako OKUMURA, a housemaid of the Saionji family, to the Paris Peace Conference, and this became a topic of gossip.
Japanese: 西園寺家の女中・奥村花子は、パリ講和会議に同伴させたことで話題となった。
English: Ensho (859-December 6, 929) is a Buddhist monk of the Shingon-shu sect during the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 延性（えんしょう、貞観_(日本)元年（859年）－延長(元号)7年10月28日(旧暦)（929年12月6日））は、平安時代中期の真言宗の僧。
English: In 905, he was authorized by Priest Shobo of Daigo-ji Temple to establish a new Buddhist temple, Nenkakuin, through a Kanjo ceremony (succession ceremony for Buddhist priests) and was appointed as the head of Daigo-ji Temple in 925.
Japanese: 905年（延喜5年）醍醐寺の聖宝から灌頂を受け、念覚院を開き、925年（延長3年）醍醐寺座主に就任した。
English: Takamori SAIGO (December 27, 1828 according to the old calendar (Gregorian calendar: January 23, 1828; Julian calendar: January 1, 1828) - September 24, 1877 of the Gregorian calendar) was a Japanese samurai who served as a feudal retainer, soldier, and statesman of the Satsuma clan.
Japanese: 西郷隆盛（さいごうたかもり、文政10年12月7日(旧暦)〈グレゴリオ暦1828年1月23日・ユリウス暦1828年1月11日〉-明治10年〈グレゴリオ暦1877年〉9月24日）は、日本の武士・薩摩藩士、軍人、政治家。
English: Takamori SAIGO was one of the 'Ishin no Sanketsu' (literally, three heroes of the Meiji Restoration), as were his sworn allies Toshimichi OKUBO of the Satsuma Domain and Takayoshi KIDO (also known as Kogoro KATSURA) of the Choshu Domain.
Japanese: 薩摩藩の盟友大久保利通、長州藩の木戸孝允（桂小五郎）と並び、「維新の三傑」と称される。
English: He was named Takanaga at the coming of age ceremony, and renamed Takeo then Takamori.
Japanese: 名（諱）は元服時には隆永（たかなが）、のちに武雄、隆盛（たかもり）と改めた。
English: The head of the Saigo family was named Kichibei, and Saigo's real name is Takanaga Kichibei SAIGO the eighth, the first generation having relocated from Kumamoto to Kagoshima; and their childhood names were Kokichi who known as Kichinosuke, and he was renamed Zenbei SAIGO and then Kichinosuke SAIGO.
Japanese: 西郷家の家長は吉兵衛と名乗り、西郷の本名は8代目西郷吉兵衛隆永と言う、初代は熊本より鹿児島に移り住む、幼名は小吉、通称(仮名)は吉之介、善兵衛、吉之助と順次変えた。
English: Takamori's name was the same as his father's name, but Tomozane YOSHII, who was his best friend, called him Kichibei, which was his father's name, by mistake when he received his orders from the Shoten Bill of Restoration of Monarchy, and after that he called himself by his father's name.
Japanese: 隆盛の名は父と同名であるが、これは王政復古(日本)の章典で位階を授けられる際に親友の吉井友実が誤って父吉兵衛の名を届けたため、それ以後は父の名を名乗ったからである。
English: His second brother was Kichijito SAIGO who died in the Boshin War (Hokuetsu War), his third brother was Tugumichi SAIGO, who was a central figure in the Meji government, (known as Shingo, go is Ryuan) and his fourth brother was Kohei (Takakatsu, Takatake) SAIGO who died in the Seinan War.
Japanese: 次弟は戊辰戦争（北越戦争）で戦死した西郷吉二郎（隆廣）、三弟は明治政府の重鎮西郷従道（通称は信吾、号は竜庵）、四弟は西南戦争で戦死した西郷小兵衛（隆雄、隆武）。
English: He was a samurai in the lower grade, but Nariakira SHIMAZU, who was the lord of the domain, found and selected him, and he stayed close to Nariakira SHIMAZU, who was the greatest Daimyo of the Kaimei Group still living, and he was strongly influenced by Nariakira.
Japanese: 薩摩藩の下級武士であったが、藩主の島津斉彬の目にとまり抜擢され、当代一の開明派大名であった斉彬の身近にあって、強い影響を受けた。
English: Although he returned home he did not get along with his biological father, who was the new lord of the domain, and again he travelled, this time to Oki-no-erabujima island.
Japanese: 復帰するが、新藩主の実父で事実上の藩主の島津久光と折り合わず、再び、沖永良部島に流罪にあう。
English: But again he returned, supported by Kiyokado KOMATSU, who was the chief retainer (to belt on a sward) and after Kimmon no Hen (Conspiracy of Kimmon) in 1864, he was very active, and succeeded forming the Satsuma-Choshu Alliance and the Restoration of the Monarchy (Japan), and took initiative in the Boshin War.
Japanese: しかし、家老小松清廉（帯刀）や大久保の後押しで復帰し、元治元年（1864年）の禁門の変以降に活躍し、薩長同盟の成立や王政復古(日本)に成功し、戊辰戦争を巧みに主導した。
English: England backed the new government and was against the all-out assault of Edo because she was afraid of disrupting trade in Edo Bay, and because of this Takamori SAIGO and the new government accepted England's demands and stopped the all-out surrender of Edo (bloodless surrender of Edo).
Japanese: 勝海舟との降伏交渉に当たっては、新政府の後ろ盾となっていたイギリスが、江戸湾を拠点とした貿易に支障がでることを恐れて江戸総攻撃に反対したため、西郷隆盛をはじめとする新政府はイギリスの求めに応じ、江戸総攻撃を中止した（江戸無血開城）。
English: After that, he returned to Satsuma, and resumed office as a councilor of the new government in 1871.
Japanese: その後、薩摩へ帰郷したが、明治4年（1871年）に参議として新政府に復職。
English: And after that, he held the posts of full general and Konoe-totoku (regulator of Konoefu), and he took charge of the Rusu-seifu (a temporary government while the permanent officials are away) when Okubo and Kido went to the official travel of Iwakura Mission.
Japanese: さらにその後には陸軍大将・近衛都督を兼務し、大久保、木戸ら岩倉使節団の外遊中には留守政府を主導した。
English: He proposed to going to Korea himself as a Kenkan Shisetsu (Japanese official diplomatic delegate sent to Korea) himself to attempt to restore relations with the Yi Dynasty Korea due to problems there, and he was appointed as an ambassador at once, which resulted in the antagonism of Okubo who came back to Japan.
Japanese: 朝鮮との国交回復問題では李氏朝鮮開国を勧める遣韓使節として自らが朝鮮に赴くことを提案し、一旦大使に任命されたが、帰国した大久保らと対立する。
English: In 1873, he once more returned to Kagoshima with Shimpei ETO and Taisuke ITAGAKI for the Meiji roku-nen no Seihen (Coups of 1873), and concentrated on the education at Shigakko (a school mainly for warriors).
Japanese: 明治6年（1873年）の明治六年政変で江藤新平、板垣退助らとともに下野、再び鹿児島に戻り、私学校で教育に専念する。
English: While the Shizoku-no-Hanran (rebellion of warrior class), Saga-no-ran War (turmoil of Saga), Shimpuren-no-ran War (turmoil of Shimpuren, a dissatisfied warrior group), Akizuki-no-ran War (turmoil of Akizuki), and Hagi-no-ran War (turmoil of dissatisfied warriors at Hagi) were going on, he became a leader in the Seinan War, which started due to students of Shigakko in 1877, but he lost at Shiroyama and committed suicide.
Japanese: 佐賀の乱、神風連の乱、秋月の乱、萩の乱など士族の反乱が続く中で、明治10年（1877年）に私学校生徒の暴動から起こった西南戦争の指導者となるが、敗れて城山で自刃した。
English: Below, the Tempo calendar, which is the old calendar, (lunar-solar calendar) will be used for dates up to December 2, 1872 in year/ month/ day format; after January 1, 1873, the New calendar (solar calendar), which is the Gregorian calendar, will be used, and date according to the Japanese calendar will be written in front, and with the date according to the Gregorian calendar following, inside parentheses.
Japanese: 以下、本項では、年・月・日は、明治5年12月2日までは旧暦（太陰太陽暦）である天保暦、明治6年1月1日以後は新暦（太陽暦）であるグレゴリオ暦を用い、和暦を先に、その後ろの（）内にグレゴリオ暦を書く。
English: On December 7, 1827, he was born in Yamanoguchi Baba, Shitakajiya-cho (Hogiri, Shitakajiya-cho), Kagoshima-jo, Satsuma Province, as the first child of Takamori Kuro SAIGO who was the Go-kanjokata-kogashira (chief of the finance department) (who was renamed Kichibei SAIGO later, and whose salary was about 27 seki).
Japanese: 文政10年（1827年）12月7日、薩摩国鹿児島城下加治屋町山之口馬場（下加治屋町方限）で、御勘定方小頭の西郷九郎隆盛（のち西郷吉兵衛に改名、禄47石余）の第一子として生まれる。
English: The Saigo family's Kakaku (family rank) was Okoshogumi, (lower ranked feudal retainer) which was the second lowest rank.
Japanese: 西郷家の家格は御小姓与であり、下から二番目の身分である下級藩士であった。
English: Their ancestor was the vassal of the Kikuchi family in Higo, and became the vassal of the Shimazu Family in Satuma in the Genroku era of the Edo period.
Japanese: 先祖は肥後の菊池家の家臣で、江戸時代の元禄時代に薩摩の島津家家臣になる。
English: In 1839, on a monthly visit to a shrine with friends he had in Goju (Satsuma's educational organization), he tried to intervene in a fight between some of his friends and other Goju, and the Kamigumi Goju took a knife and cut the nerve inside Saigo's right arm.
Japanese: 天保10年（1839年)、郷中仲間と月例のお宮参りに行った際、他の郷中と友人とが喧嘩しその仲裁に入るが、上組の郷中が抜いた刀が西郷の右腕内側の神経を切ってしまう。
English: Saigo survived even though he had a high fever for three days, but he gave up Bujutsu (martial arts) because he couldn't hold a sword, and decided to pursue scholarship.
Japanese: 西郷は三日間高熱にうなされたものの一命は取り留めたが、刀を握れなくなったため武術を諦め、学問で身を立てようと志した。
English: At this time, he was promoted to Niseko of Shitakajiyamachi-goju.
Japanese: この頃に下加治屋町郷中（したかじやまちごじゅう）の二才組（にせこ）に昇進。
English: Using this as an opportunity, Hanjiro NAKAMURA (later, Toshiaki KIRINO) came to guard Saigo.
Japanese: これを機に、西郷の身辺警護を中村半次郎（後の桐野利秋）が務め始める。
English: In 1844, he became a magistrate of a county under Toshinari SAKOTA and worked as Korikata-kakiyakusuke (government cleric of rice customs), then was elevated to the family rank of Okoshogumi (Ichiban-gumi, Koyo Hachiban).
Japanese: 弘化元年（1844年）、郡奉行迫田利済配下となり、郡方書役助をつとめ、御小姓与（一番組小与八番）に編入された。
English: In 1850, Yukie AKAYAMA committed Seppuku (hara-kiri, or ritual suicide) for Takasaki-Kuzure (the family feud of Satsuma domain); his father who was a Goyonin (officer handling domestic economy) of Akayama told him about this act of Seppuku (hara-kiri), and showed him bloodstained clothes.
Japanese: 嘉永3年（1850年）、高崎崩れ（お由羅騒動）で赤山靭負（ゆきえ）が切腹し、赤山の御用人をしていた父から切腹の様子を聞き、血衣を見せられた。