nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Koyu SONODA claims that "Shoku Nihongi" (Chronicles of Japan II) has false information for the following reason: In the year 758, it would have been extremely unusual for FUJIWARA no Yoshio as an exchange student Kentoshi to be promoted to Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade) from no rank, for this would mean that he was promoted ahead of his four older brothers (The older brothers were promoted one rank from Shorokuinojo [Senior Sixth Rank, Upper Grade] to Jugoinoge).
Japanese: 薗田香融は『続日本紀』にある天平宝字2年の無位から従五位下とする記述は当時の遣唐留学生の叙位としては異例なだけではなく、当時健在であった4人の兄の位階の昇進の例（いずれも正六位上から従五位下に昇進している）を越してしまう事を指摘してこの記事には誤りが含まれているとしている。
English: For that reason, there is a theory that Yoshio(薩雄), who, according to "Shoku Nihongi" (Chronicles of Japan II), was honored in July 759 with Jugoinoge (Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), and promoted from Shorokuinojo (Senior Sixth Rank, Upper Grade), is the one and the same person as Yoshio(刷雄).
Japanese: よって、『続日本紀』翌年天平宝字3年6月庚戊に正六位上から従五位下に叙された薩雄を刷雄と同一人物とする説を述べている。
English: According to Toshiko YOSHIKAWA, it was likely that during his early Buddhist training, Yoshio was given the Chinese character 薩 for his name, which relates to 菩薩 (Bodhisattva).
Japanese: 吉川敏子は、前後して若い頃に仏道修行をしていた刷雄に「菩薩」に通じる"薩"の字が与えらた。
English: However, if it was true that he was deprived of his new name during the Rebellion of Emi no Oshikatsu and forced to use his former name, the theory that the two are the same person would be possible.
Japanese: しかし、恵美押勝の乱の際に剥奪されて旧名の刷雄に戻されたとすれば、両者が同一人物としての説明が可能であると唱えている。
English: Having succeeded to his father's name Ryosen, he became an exclusive doctor to the quarters of foot soldiers in the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and after the Meiji Restoration, he served as a medical officer in the Imperial Japanese Army.
Japanese: 父を継ぎ良仙と改名し、幕府歩兵屯所付医師となり、維新後大日本帝国陸軍軍医となる。
English: In later years, Osamu TEZUKA, his great-grandchild, wrote a biographical manga (cartoon) titled, 'Hidamari no ki' (Trees in the sun) featuring Ryosen TEZUKA as one of the main characters.
Japanese: 曾孫である手塚治虫は、後に手塚良仙を主人公の1人とした伝記漫画「陽だまりの樹」を執筆している。
English: Hyakusen SAKAKI (December 11, 1697 - October 2, 1752) was a Nanga painter (an original style of painting in the Edo period which had a great deal of influence from the Chinese Nanga style) who lived during the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 彭城百川（さかきひゃくせん、元禄10年10月28日(旧暦)（1697年12月11日）-宝暦2年8月25日(旧暦)（1752年10月2日））は、江戸時代中期の南画。
English: He had already painted 'Yukyo dokusho zu' (a picture of one reading a book while living in seclusion) as a painter when he was 24 years old, but he started painting intensively from the age of 31 when he moved to Kyoto.
Japanese: 24歳のときの既に画人として作品「幽居読書図」を画いているが、本格的にはじめたのは京都に出た31歳以降である。
English: It appeared that he had once belonged to the Kano School, but since he had extensive knowledge and understood kanbun (Chinese classics), he mastered literati painting and nanga through studying by himself, of the books and sketches introduced to Japan from the Yuan and Ming Dynasties.
Japanese: 一時狩野派にもついたようだが、博学であり漢文を解したことで、伝来した元(王朝)明の典籍・図譜より文人画・南画を独学で会得する。
English: Furthermore, he devoted himself in studying paintings by continuing to travel to Ise, Osaka, Kanazawa, Okayama, Kochi, Nagasaki, Yamato, and so on.
Japanese: また伊勢・大坂・金沢・岡山・高知・長崎・大和など旅を重ね画業を研鑽した。
English: Especially in Kishu (the present Wakayama prefecture), he visited Nankai GION, and was presented with "Kaishiengaden" which was a picture book that was introduced from China, and he was said to have learned many things from it ("Kaisekigawa" [comments on paintings by Kaiseki NORO]).
Japanese: 特に紀州の祇園南海を訪ね、中国渡来の画譜『芥子園画伝』を贈られこれによって多くを学んだとされる（『介石画話』）。
English: He had also worked on many of the wall paintings of temples, and through those great achievements or another, he was conferred the rank of Hokyo.
Japanese: 寺院の障壁画なども多く手掛けており、その功績からか法橋に叙されている。
English: His style was evaluated as lacking in balance due to his broad forms, but he exerted great influence on the younger generations such as IKE no Taiga and YOSA no Buson who became germinators of Japanese nanga that later accomplished nanga, as well as Kenkado KIMURA who appeared after them.
Japanese: 作風は様式が幅広く不安定と評されるが、日本南画の萌芽となってのちに南画を大成させた池大雅や与謝蕪村、その後の木村蒹葭堂など後進に与えた影響は大きい。
English: Later, YOSA no Buson who admired Hyakusen studied Hyakusen's Soga, developed it, and established its painting style by naming it as "Haiga."
Japanese: のちに百川を敬慕する与謝蕪村は百川の草画を学び発展させて、俳画と命名しその画風を確立した。
English: With Hyakusen and Buson who made Nanga which was Chinese minded and Haikai which was Japanese taste compatible at the same time, Haiga which was a mix of Chinese and Japanese classics emerged.
Japanese: 南画という中国志向と俳諧という日本趣味を同時に両立させた百川、蕪村によって和漢折衷の俳画が登場したのである。
English: "Gen Min Gajin ko" 1751 It is a simple biographical dictionary showing the origins and areas of works of painters who lived during the Yuan and Ming dynasties, but it became an important literature, revised and expanded by Fuyo KO, Kenkado KIMURA, and Tairoku TOBA, and published as "Gen Min Shin shoga jinmei roku" (biographical dictionary of painters who produced calligraphic works and paintings in Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties) (1777).
Japanese: 『元明画人考』　1751年　元明の画家の出身地・画域を示す簡単な人名辞典であるが、重要な文献となりのちに高芙蓉・木村蒹葭堂・鳥羽台麓がこれを補訂し、『元明清書画人名録』（1777年）として刊行した。
English: Hokkai KATAYAMA (February 14, 1723 - October 19, 1790) was a Confucian and a composer of Chinese poems in Japan who lived during the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 片山北海（かたやまほっかい、享保8年1月10日(旧暦)（1723年2月14日）-寛政2年9月12日(旧暦)（1790年10月19日））は、江戸時代中期の日本の儒者、漢詩人である。
English: His name was Yu, his azana (Chinese courtesy name which was, historically, the name formerly given to adult Chinese men, used in place of their given name in formal situations; scholars and the literati of Japan adopted this custom of courtesy name) was Kotetsu, his common name was Tadakura, and other than Hokkai as his go (pen name), he had Komatsukan which was also the name of his house.
Japanese: 名前を猷、字は孝秩、通称を忠蔵、号は北海の他に堂号でもある孤松館がある。
English: He started Konton-shisha (Chinese poetry club) in Osaka, and turned out many outstanding disciples such as Shunsui RAI, Jishu BIDO, Seiri KOGA, and Kenkado KIMURA.
Japanese: 大坂で混沌詩社などを興して、頼春水、尾藤二洲、古賀精里、木村蒹葭堂など多くの優れた門弟を輩出した。
English: Since this village was facing the Japanese sea, he referred to himself as Hokkai as he grew older.
Japanese: この村が日本海に面していたことから長じた後に北海と号することになる。
English: Until the age of 10, he was taught the teachings of Shisho (The Four Books of Confucianism), but since he displayed remarkable talents, the adults around him tried to educate him.
Japanese: 10歳になるまでに四書などの教えを受けるが、非凡な才能を示したため、周囲の大人はこの子に学問を仕込もうとした。
English: However, they could not find a teacher near the place they lived, and although they made him study in such places as Nagaoka City, Shibata City, and Takada City, they still could not find a suitable teacher.
Japanese: しかし辺縁の地にて師が見つからず、長岡市、新発田市、高田市などに遊学させるも相応しい師を見つけられずにいた。
English: When he turned 18 years old, Hokkai went to Kyoto and looked for a teacher, but he was unable to meet a person whom he could admire.
Japanese: 18歳になると京都に出て、師を探し求めたが敬服に値する人物になかなか出会うことができずにいた。
English: This teacher and student relationship continued for six years, but Hokkai became homeless when Asaka died.
Japanese: この師弟関係は6年続いたが、明霞が死去するに及んで起居する家を失うことになる。
English: In addition, he was forced to live in destitution with his father who had been living with him, hoping for his son's success.
Japanese: 加えて息子の出世を期待して身を寄せていた父親と貧困生活を強いられてしまう。
English: There was a disciple of Asaka who was a wealthy merchant that lived in Osaka, and since he was an acquaintance of Hokkai, Hokkai was invited to Osaka in order to open a school.
Japanese: 明霞の門弟に大坂の富商の者がいて、北海と知己であったことで、大坂に招かれて開塾することとなった。
English: Hokkai was known for being taciturn and having a gentle personality, and did not discriminate according to one's social standing.
Japanese: 北海は言葉少なく、優しい人柄で知られ、身分によって人を差別することがなかった。
English: Furthermore, he did not have political ambitions, and as a Confucian, he expounded doctrines that were timely and practical.
Japanese: また政治的な野心を持つことなく、しかも儒者として時宜にかなった実践的な学を説いた。
English: His reputation was quickly heightened, and in some thirty years, he had more than about 3,000 disciples.
Japanese: 世間の評判はたちまち高まり、三十数年の間で延べ3000人以上の門弟がいたといわれる。
English: On learning about Hokkai's reputation, there were many lords such as lord OKABE of Kishiwada Domain in Izumi Province who invited him as Hanju (a Confucian scholar who work for a domain), but Hokkai firmly declined them all.
Japanese: 和泉国岸和田藩の岡部候など多くの諸侯が北海の評判を知り、藩儒として招聘するがすべて固辞している。
English: Many writers and artists gathered and composed poetry and poems while drinking and talking about politics.
Japanese: 多くの文人墨客がここに集い、酒を飲みながら詩作に耽り、政治談義などをした。
English: Jishu BIDO, when he was young, tried to argue against the poems that Nankaku HATTORI wrote, but Hokkai smoked tobacco with composure and did not respond.
Japanese: 若き日の尾藤二洲が服部南郭の詩について議論しようとしたが、北海はこれに応えず平然と煙草を吹かしていた。
English: Konton-shisha was established in 1764, and Hokkai was recommended as the leader, and it quickly became the most active poetry club in Osaka.
Japanese: 明和元年（1764年）、混沌詩社が創立され北海はその盟主に推されるが、たちまち大坂で最も盛んな詩社となった。
English: All through his life, Hokkai did not take a liking to writing his own book, and there were none that became published when he was alive; but book of his songs were complied and published by his disciples after his death.
Japanese: 北海は生涯、著作を著すことを好まず、生前刊行されるものはなかったが、没後に門人によってその詩編が編集され出版されている。
English: Kunimichi ISHII (July 15, 1837 - February 3, 1893) was a government official from the end of Edo period to Meiji period.
Japanese: 石井邦猷（いしいくにみち、天保8年6月13日(旧暦)（1837年7月15日）-明治26年（1893年）2月3日）は、幕末から明治にかけての官僚。
English: Morimichi MOTONO (September 25, 1836 - December 10, 1909) was a government official and businessman in Japan.
Japanese: 本野盛亨（もとのもりみち、1836年9月25日（天保7年8月15日(旧暦)）-1909年（明治42年）12月10日）は、日本の官僚、実業家。
English: Having studied under Randen TANIGUCHI in Arita of Saga, he moved to Osaka by a connection with a friend of Randen juku (private school) and mastered the Western studies at Teki juku ran by Koan OGATA.
Japanese: 佐賀有田で谷口藍田に師事し、藍田塾の仲間の縁で大阪へ出て、緒方洪庵の適塾で蘭学を修めた。
English: He founded the first letterpress printing company 'Nisshusha' in Japan with Takashi KOYASU and Masayoshi SHIBATA in Yokohama in 1870.
Japanese: 1870年（明治3年）日本最初の活版印刷社「日就社」を、横浜で子安峻、柴田昌吉とともに創立。
English: His oldest son Ichiro MOTONO was Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan), the second son Eikichiro MOTONO was the forth president of the Yomiuri Shimbun, the third son Toru MOTONO was a professor of Kyoto Imperial University and the forth son Seigo MOTONO was an architect and a professor of Kyoto Institute of Technology.
Japanese: 長男に外務大臣(日本)となる本野一郎、次男に4代目読売新聞社社長となる本野英吉郎、3男に京都帝国大学教授の本野亨、4男に建築家で京都工芸繊維大学教授を務めた本野精吾がいる。
English: Tokujiro NISHI (September 4, 1847-March 13, 1912) was a Japanese diplomat.
Japanese: 西徳二郎（にしとくじろう1847年9月4日（弘化4年7月25日(旧暦)）-1912年3月13日）は、日本の外交官。
English: He visited Bukhara, Samarkand, West Turkestan, Tashkent, Uighur and Xinjian for his research.
Japanese: ブハラ、サマルカンド、西トルキスタン、タシケント、ウイグル、新疆を調査した。
English: From November 6, 1897 to January 12, 1898, he worked as the Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan) in the second Matsukata cabinet.
Japanese: 1897年（明治30年）11月6日-1898年（明治31年）1月12日第2次松方内閣の外務大臣(日本)就任
English: From January 12, 1898 to June 30, 1898, he was the Minister of Foreign Affairs (Japan) of the third Ito cabinet.
Japanese: 1898年（明治31年）1月12日-1898年（明治31年）6月30日第3次伊藤内閣の外務大臣(日本)就任
English: On April 25, 1898, Japan-Russia Agreement (Nishi-Rosen Agreement)
Japanese: 1898年（明治31年）4月25日第3次日露協定（西・ローゼン協定）
English: Kinfusa SANJO (1179 - September 23, 1249) was a Kugyo (court noble) who lived during the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 三条公房（さんじょうきんふさ、治承3年(1179年)-建長元年8月16日(旧暦)（1249年9月23日））は鎌倉時代の公卿。
English: Other than Kiminobu ANEGAKOJI, Kinuji OGIMACHISANJO, Kinkane SANJO, and Kintoshi SANJO as his younger brothers, there were Koen and Kintake who became the Tendai-zasu (head priest of the Tendai sect), and Kinshin who became the Ishiyama-zasu (head priest of the Ishiyama sect).
Japanese: 弟に姉小路公宣、正親町三条公氏、三条公兼、三条公俊の他、天台座主になった公円、公豪、石山座主になった公深らがいる。
English: His children included Sanechika SANJO, Sanehira SANJO, 実雲, 実誉, Yushi SANJO (empress of Emperor Gohorikawa, Ankimonin), mother of the Cloistered Prince Shojo (consort of the Emperor Gosaga), and wife of Tadaie KUJO.
Japanese: 子に三条実親・三条実平・実雲・実誉・三条有子（後堀河天皇中宮・安喜門院）・性助法親王母（後嵯峨天皇後宮）・九条忠家室らがいた。
English: Under Emperor Juntoku, he was appointed as Juichii Dajo Daijin (Junior First Rank Grand Minister of state) in 1218.
Japanese: 建保6年（1218年）、順徳天皇のもとで従一位太政大臣に任ぜられる。
English: Nankaku HATTORI (November 12, 1683 - July 15, 1759) was a Confucian, composer of Chinese poems and a painter in Japan who lived during the middle of the Edo period and, was known as a high-caliber disciple of Sorai OGYU.
Japanese: 服部南郭（はっとりなんかく、天和_(日本)3年9月24日_(旧暦)（1683年11月12日）-宝暦9年6月21日_(旧暦)（1759年7月15日））は、江戸時代中期の日本の儒者、漢詩人、画家であり、荻生徂徠の高弟として知られる。
English: His name was Genkyo, his common name was Kohachi which later became Shouemon, his azana (Chinese courtesy name which was, historically, the name formerly given to adult Chinese men, used in place of their given name in formal situations; scholars and the literati of Japan adopted this custom of courtesy name) was Shisen, his second name other than Nankaku was Fuyokan, and he had Shusetsu, Kano and so on for his pseudonyms.
Japanese: 名前は元喬（げんきょう）、通称は幸八（こうはち）、のちに小右衛門（しょううえもん）、字を子遷（しせん）、号は南郭の他に芙蕖館（芙蓉館）（ふようかん）、画号に周雪（しゅうせつ）、観翁（かんおう）など。
English: His father, Motochika, had studied under Kijin KITAMURA, and Nankaku grew up in a family rich in education of refined poetry such as waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables), renga (linked verse), and other than lessons on poetry and paintings, he was educated with 'shisho' (The Four Books of Confucianism), 'kanshi' (Chinese poetry) and so on.
Japanese: 父元矩は北村季吟に師事したこともあり、南郭は和歌や連歌など文雅の教養豊かな家庭で育ち、歌や絵の手ほどき以外にも「四書」や「漢詩」などを教えられる。
English: When he was around the age of 17, his poems and paintings were approved by the lord of the domain of Kofu, Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA, and for 18 years since, he served for him.
Japanese: 17歳の頃、甲府藩主柳沢吉保に歌と画業を認められ、これより18年間仕えることとなる。
English: There were many outstanding scholars that served for the YANAGISAWA family (Kotaku HOSOI, Sadamiki SHIMURA, Ogyu SORAI, Sozan KURAYAMA, Miki WATANABE, and so on), and among them, he admired Sorai OGYU, and gradually, Nankaku shifted to Kangaku (Chinese classics).
Japanese: 柳沢家には多くの優れた学者（細井広沢、志村禎幹、荻生徂徠、鞍岡蘚山、渡辺幹など）が仕えていたが、このうち荻生徂徠を慕い、やがて漢学に転向する。
English: Four years after the death of Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA in 1718, he retired since he was shunned by Yoshisato YANAGISAWA who succeeded Yoshiyasu.
Japanese: 柳沢吉保が死去して4年後の享保3年（1718年）、跡を継いだ柳沢吉里に疎んぜられ職を退く。
English: Nankaku's school which was considered equally excellent as Kobunjigaku (study of ancient rhetoric school) of Sorai was very crowded with many disciples waiting in line.
Japanese: 徂徠の古文辞学の双璧とされた南郭の門には多数の門人が列をなし、たいへん盛んだった。
English: Nankaku had gentle personality and Rantei TAKANO who was Nankaku's friend of 10 years or so told that he had never seen Nankaku in a quarrel and speaking ill of others; furthermore, he had not even seen Nankaku angry nor delighted.
Japanese: 南郭は温順な性格であり、十数年来の友高野蘭亭は南郭が人と争うことを見たことがなく、人の悪口を言ったことがなく、さらには怒ったり喜んだりしたことさえ見たことがないと伝えている。
English: His adopted child, Motoo (Haku HATTORI) wrote in the epitaph that Nankaku hid his personal history from his family, and had not told even his birth date.
Japanese: 養子の元雄（服部白賁）は、南郭が家族に対しても自らの履歴を隠し誕生日さえ伝えてこなかったと墓誌銘に寄せている。
English: Through these extreme ways in which he tried to conceal himself, one is able to see Nankaku's mind for recluses as a Bunjin (literati).
Japanese: このような甚だしい自己韜晦に南郭の文人としての隠逸志向が見て取れる。
English: Nankaku learned Soraigaku (Kobunjigaku) from his teacher, Sorai OGYU, and with Shundai DAZAI, he was considered as the two best men from Kenen school sects.
Japanese: 南郭は師荻生徂徠から徂徠学（古文辞学）を受け、太宰春台とともに蘐園学派の双璧とされた。
English: In reality however, Kenen school sects were split into Keigaku (learning of Keisho that is the general term for most important literature in Confucianism) party with Shundai DAZAI and Shunan YAMAGATA, and Shibun (prose and poetry) party with Nankaku, Higashino ANDO, and Kinka HIRANO.
Japanese: しかし、実質的には蘐園学派は、太宰春台や山県周南の経学派と南郭、安藤東野、平野金華の詩文派に分裂した。
English: While attacking Shushigaku (Neo-Confucianism) that grasped human beings uniformly, Soraigaku was a school sect that positively grasped individuality of human beings; for this reason, it was essential to understand ancient words.
Japanese: 徂徠学は人間性を画一的に捉える朱子学を批判し、人間の個性を肯定的に捉えようとする学派であり、そのために古語の理解は不可欠とする。
English: Nankaku naturally had grounding in waka and renga which were original national culture of Japan, and it may be said that he had good understanding of the elegance and taste of poetry from the Tang dynasty.
Japanese: 南郭はもともと国風の和歌、連歌の素養があり、この唐詩の風雅をよく理解したといえる。
English: Since Nankaku had no interest in politics or military tactics, he completely ignored harsh criticisms of Shundai against kobunji, and kept himself away from political reality; he solely enjoyed prose and poetry, seeking in them, liberation of human nature.
Japanese: 政治や兵法に興味を持たなかった南郭は、春台らの古文辞への痛烈な批判を全く無視し政治的現実から韜晦し、ひたすら詩文を楽しみ、そこに人間性の解放を求めた。
English: Nankaku was strongly influenced by Sesshu, Shubun, Motonobu KANO, and learned painting by himself through copying such as 'Hasshu gafu' (Collection of eight picture books) that he himself criticized as vulgar.
Japanese: 南郭は雪舟、周文、狩野元信に私淑し、自ら俗書と批判した「八種画譜」などの模写を通じて独学で画業を学ぶ。
English: Kappa KO (1724 - 1776) was a composer of Chinese poems and Confucian scholar in the mid Edo period.
Japanese: 高葛陂（高葛坡、こうかっぱ、1724年-1776年）は、江戸時代中期の漢詩人・儒学者。
English: He had relationships with famous Confucian scholars and Chinese classical literary persons in those days including Kien MINAGAWA, Soro RYU, Romon OKAZAKI, Tenju KAN and Fuyo KO.
Japanese: 皆川淇園・龍草廬・岡崎盧門・韓天寿・高芙蓉など当時の著名な儒学者・漢文学者との交流があった。
English: Soro RYU (or TATSU) (1714 - 1792) was a Confucian scholar and a composer of Chinese poems in the late Edo period.
Japanese: 龍草廬（りゅう（たつ）そうろ、正徳(日本)4年（1714年）-寛政4年（1792年））は、江戸時代後期の儒学者・漢詩人である。
English: Soro RYU was born in Fushimi, Kyoto Prefecture and he became disciple of Meika UNO in Kyoto when he grew up.
Japanese: 龍草廬は京都の伏見で生まれ、成長すると京都の宇野明霞の門下に入った。
English: In 1756, he was appointed as a Hanju (a Confucian scholar who work for a domain) and after 18 years in the post, returned to Kyoto.
Japanese: 1756年（宝暦6年）には藩儒として採用、在任十八年の後京都に戻る。
English: He had written "Soro bunshu (Collection of anthologies of Soro)," "Soro shishu (a collection of poetry by Soro)," "Kinran shishu," "Materials for poetry of Tang Dynasty," "Book of Japanese poetry," "Summary of Rongo Analects," and "Moshi (the book of poetry in ancient china) sho."
Japanese: 『草廬文集』・『草廬詩集』・『金蘭詩集』・『唐詩材』・『日本詩冊』・『論語詮』・『毛詩證』などを著した。
English: Tsurahide CHO (1856 - July 27, 1878) was a fuhei shizoku (former samurai with gripes) in the early Meiji period.
Japanese: 長連豪（ちょうつらひで、安政3年（1856年）-明治11年（1878年）7月27日）は明治時代初期の不平士族。
English: He was born as a son of a Lord Kaga Domain Tsurakiyo KUNOGI (CHO) in Anamizu, Noto Province (present Anamizu-machi, Hosu County Ishikawa Prefecture).
Japanese: 能登国穴水（現・石川県鳳珠郡穴水町）に、加賀藩士・此木（長）連潔の子として生まれる。
English: With respect to Takamori SAIGO, he visited Kagoshima twice, for a total of 14 months between 1873 and 1875; and he formed a relationship with Toshiaki KIRINO and Shinsuke BEPPU.
Japanese: 西郷隆盛を尊敬しており、1873年～1875年の間に2度、合計14ヶ月の間鹿児島に滞在し、桐野利秋や別府晋介と親交を結んだ。
English: He planned an assassination of Toshimichi OKUBO along with five others including Ichiro SHIMADA and moved to Tokyo in November 1877.
Japanese: 島田一郎ら5人と共に大久保利通の暗殺を企て、1877年11月に上京。
English: On May 14, 1878, they assassinated Okubo at Kinoizaka in Tokyo (Kinoizaka Incident).
Japanese: そして1878年5月14日、東京の紀尾井坂にて大久保を暗殺した（紀尾井坂の変）。
English: Straight after surrendering himself to justice, he was executed with the other five members at Ichigaya Prison on July 27 of the same year.
Japanese: 事件後にすぐさま自首し、同年7月27日に市ヶ谷監獄で他の5人と共に処刑。
English: On the day of Okubo's assassination, Cho was wearing a black Haori (formal Kimono robe) with Itsutsumon (five Family Crests) (May 15, 1878, Tokyo Nichinichi Newspaper).
Japanese: 大久保暗殺当日、長は五所紋付きの黒羽織を着用していた（東京日日新聞・明治11年5月15日付）。
English: According to "Kogo-shui" (History of the Inbe clan), Okura (a government treasury) was set up to accommodate the increasing number of gifts presented from regions throughout the nation in the era of Emperor Yuryaku.
Japanese: 『古語拾遺』によれば、雄略天皇代、増大する諸国からの貢物に対応すべく、新たに大蔵が興された。
English: This tradition might suggest that the SOGA clan was controlling financial affairs in the Imperial Court in the latter half of the 5th century.
Japanese: この伝承は、蘇我氏が5世紀後半すでに朝廷財政を統括していた史実を伝えている可能性がある。
English: Furthermore, it is thought that it was not until the end of the 6th century that the Kura (the Treasury) was divided into Uchikura (Inner Treasury) and Okura (Great Treasury) on the model of the system employed in Baekje (a kingdom of Korea).
Japanese: また、百済に倣ってクラが内蔵と大蔵に分割される時期は6世紀末より遡らないと考えられている。
English: There is a theory that Machi was the same person as Mokumanchi, an influential vassal from Baekje and therefore, the SOGA clan were settlers from Baekje.
Japanese: なお、満智を百済の権臣木満致に同一人とし、蘇我氏蘇我氏渡来人説がある。
English: SAEKI no Ariyori (approx 676 - 759) was son of SAEKI no Ariwaka, an officer of Ecchu Province in the Asuka period.
Japanese: 佐伯有頼（さえきのありより、676年頃-759年？）は、飛鳥時代の越中国の国司、佐伯有若の息子。
English: When Ariyori went hunting, taking his father's white hawk without permission, a bear suddenly appeared and scared the hawk away.
Japanese: 有頼が父の白鷹を父に無断で持ち出し狩をしていると、白鷹は急に現れた熊に驚き逃げてしまう。
English: He followed blood marks on the ground towards a cave, and looked inside with his bow and arrow at the ready, and found Amida Nyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) who had an arrow stuck in his body.
Japanese: 洞穴の中へと続く血の後を見つけ、弓を構えて中を伺うと、そこに居たのは矢を射立てられた阿弥陀如来であった。
English: Amida Nyorai told Ariyori, who was grieving about what he had done, that the hawk was an incarnation of the God of Mt. Tate who was sent to guide him to Amida Nyorai and that he should become a priest and found a temple on Mt.Tate.
Japanese: 嘆き悲しむ有頼に向け阿弥陀如来は、白鷹もまた立山の神の化身で有頼を導くための使いであり、僧になりこの山を開くよう告げた。
English: Ariyori, having pledged to dedicate his life to Mt. Tate, went down the mountain to tell his father, Ariwaka, of his vocation, and he became a priest, changed his name to Jiko and made a great effort to found the temple on Mt. Tate.
Japanese: 立山の為に生涯を尽くすことを誓った有頼は直ちに下山し父頼若にこの事を告げると、出家し名を慈興に改め、立山開山の為に尽力した。
English: Many cottage owners and mountain guides around Mt. Tate and Mt. Tsurugi have the surname of SAEKI and are said to be descendants of Ariyori.
Japanese: 立山・剱方面の山小屋経営者や山岳ガイドには、有頼の末裔の家系伝承を持つ佐伯姓の人物が多い。
English: Ariyori-kun is a mascot character modeled on SAEKI no Ariyori, which has been used by shops along the Tateyama Kurobe Alpine Route since the mascot character was created in 2006.
Japanese: 立山黒部アルペンルート売店のイメージキャラクターとして、佐伯有頼をモデルに2006年より登場した。
English: 1 and 2 are believed to have lived in the same period in the same place, and often mistakenly mentioned in historical material.
Japanese: 1.と2.は生存した時代も場所も同じと思われ、史料でも間違って扱っていることが多い。
English: Awa no tsubone (Date of birth unknown - December 20, 1227) was a woman in a samurai family in the early Kamakura Period.
Japanese: 阿波局（あわのつぼね、生年未詳-嘉禄3年11月4日(旧暦)（1227年12月13日））は、鎌倉時代初期の武家女性。
English: On November 22, 1199, few month after MINAMOTO no Yoriie, the legitimate son of Yoritomo, succeeded after Yoritomo's death, Tomomitsu YUKI, a gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods), talked memories of while Yoritomo was still alive in tsumesho (a station) of Samurai-dokoro (the Board of Retainers) and spoke as follows.
Japanese: 頼朝が死去し、嫡男・源頼家が跡を継いで数ヶ月後の正治元年（1199年）10月25日、御家人の一人である結城朝光が侍所の詰め所で在りし日の頼朝の思い出を語り、次のように述べる。
English: It is said that "loyal subject would not serve another master", I should have entered into priesthood and do as it said.'
Japanese: 「『忠臣、二君に仕えず』というが、自分も出家してそうするべきだったと悔やまれる。」
English: 2 days later, on 24, Awa no tsubone told Tomomitsu that 'Kagetoki KAJIWARA slandered you as what you have said the other day is the proof of your rebellion thought, and it is decided that you will be killed'.
Japanese: その翌々日の27日、阿波局が朝光に「梶原景時が、先日の発言が謀反心のある証拠だとして讒訴し、あなたはすでに殺される事になっている」と告げた。