nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In November 1204, he took charge of negotiations with the Imperial Court and the Imperial nobles, to receive the Midaidokoro (shogun or minister's wife) of the third Shogun MINAMOTO no Sanetomo from Kyoto.
Japanese: 同年11月、3代将軍源実朝の御台所を京都から迎えるため、朝廷や公家との交渉役を務める。
English: In that occasion, Tomomasa had a discussion with a gokenin of Musashi Province, Shigeyasu HATAKEYAMA, who was staying in Kyoto to receive the Midaidokoro.
Japanese: その際、御台所を迎えるために上洛していた武蔵国の御家人畠山重保と朝雅の間で口論となった。
English: At that instance, their conflict was calmed down by the intercession of the people around them, but in June 1205, the Shigetada HATAKEYAMA War broke out, triggered by this discussion between Shigeyasu and Tomomasa, and Shigetada HATAKEYAMA and Shigeyasu HATAKEYAMA, father and son, were subdued as they were suspected to be conceiving an uprising.
Japanese: その時は周囲の取りなしで事は収まったが、翌元久2年（1205年）6月、重保と朝雅の口論に端を発した畠山重忠の乱が起こり、畠山重忠・畠山重保父子が謀反の疑いで討伐される。
English: According to "Azumakagami" (The Mirror of the East), this happened because Tomomasa reached out to his wife's mother Maki no kata (Lady Maki), Tokimasa HOJO's wife, about the conflict with Shigeyasu, and Maki no kata gave her husband Tokimasa a slanderous information against Shigeyasu.
Japanese: 『吾妻鏡』は朝雅が重保との争いを妻の母牧の方に訴え、牧の方が夫の北条時政に畠山親子に謀反の疑いがあると讒言したためとしている。
English: The Hatakeyama clan (whose original family name was Taira) was the most powerful gokenin in Musashi Province, and had a close relationship with Tomomasa who was the kokushi of Musashi Province.
Japanese: 畠山氏(平姓)は武蔵の最有力御家人で、武蔵国の国司であった朝雅とは関係が深い。
English: Tomomasa's father in law, Tokimasa HOJO, was gripping the real power in the bakufu, and exercised the administrative authority over Musashi Province as Tomomasa's guardian, while he was in Kyoto, and therefore, Tokimasa had a conflict with Shigetada HATAKEYAMA, who was the head of the Musashi samurai (warrior) corps.
Japanese: 朝雅の舅で幕府の実権を握っていた北条時政は朝雅の後見人として、朝雅の上洛後に武蔵国の行政権を握っており、武蔵武士団の棟梁である畠山重忠と対立する関係になっていた。
English: It is supposed that Tokimasa made the father and son of the Hatakeyama family culpable as traitors to get rid of them, and although his sons, Yoshitoki and Tokifusa HOJO were opposed to their father when Tokimasa ordered the subjugation of the Hatakeyama family, finally they followed his orders.
Japanese: 時政は畠山父子を排斥すべく謀反人に仕立て上げたとされ、時政に畠山討伐を命じられた息子北条義時・北条時房は反対したが押し切られた。
English: According to "Azumakagami," since this incident, the conflict of Tokimasa versus Yoshitoki and Masako HOJO became irreversible.
Japanese: この事件をきっかけに、時政と義時・北条政子の対立が決定的になった、と『吾妻鏡』は書いている。
English: It can be thought that behind this, there was an internal conflict of the Hojo family between the son of Tokimasa's ex-wife (Yoshitoki) and Tokimasa, who supported the son-in-law of his second wife (Tomomasa), and the discord between the Hatakeyama clan and the Hojo clan over the dominance of Musashi Province, which was an powerful province adjacent to Kamakura.
Japanese: これは時政の先妻の子（義時）と後妻の娘婿（朝雅）を担ぐ時政との北条家内の対立と、鎌倉に隣接する有力国武蔵の支配を巡る畠山氏と北条氏の軋轢が背景にあったものと考えられる。
English: In July of the same year, Tokimasa failed to back up Tomomasa as a new Kamakura-dono (lord of Kamakura) by deposing MINAMOTO no Sanetomo, and this failure brought about his downfall (Makishi Incident).
Japanese: 同年7月、源実朝を廃して朝雅を新たな鎌倉殿として擁立しようとした時政が失脚（牧氏事件）。
English: On September 23, 1205 (in some theories, on September 18), Tomomasa was killed in Heian-Kyo (present Kyoto City) by Michimoto YAMAUCHISUDO (Tsunetoshi's son) under an order from Yoshitoki HOJO, who at that time, had already gripped the real power of the bakufu.
Japanese: 朝雅も8月2日（閏7月26日とも）に平安京で、幕府の実権を握った北条義時の命をうけた山内首藤通基（経俊の子）によって殺害された。
English: Maki no kata (Lady Maki, year of birth and death unknown) lived around the end of the Heian Period to the early Kamakura Period.
Japanese: 牧の方（まきのかた、生没年不詳）は、平安時代末期、鎌倉時代初期の女性。
English: She and her husband, Tokimasa, were widely separated in age, but they are said to have been an affectionate couple.
Japanese: 夫・時政とはかなり年齢が離れていたが、その仲は睦まじかったと言われている。
English: In December 1182, she informed Masako HOJO, her stepdaughter after childbirth, that MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, Masako's husband, had an affair.
Japanese: 寿永2年（1182年）11月、産後の継娘北条政子に夫源頼朝の浮気を伝えた。
English: She caused such trouble that Masako ordered Munechika, Maki no kata's father, to destroy the residence of Kame no mae, Yoritomo's beloved concubine.
Japanese: 政子が牧の方の父宗親に命じて頼朝の愛妾亀の前の屋敷を打ち壊させる騒動を引き起こしている。
English: This was probably caused by the fact that Tomomasa HIRAGA, Maki no kata's son-in-law, made an ungrounded accusation against Shigeyasu, and she brought this accusation she had heard to Tokimasa.
Japanese: これは娘婿に当たる平賀朝雅が重保のことを牧の方に讒言し、それを聞いた牧の方が時政に讒訴したためであると言われている。
English: She also attempted to seize power in the shogunate government by way of making her son-in-law, Tomomasa, the new Shogun.
Japanese: さらに娘婿の朝雅を新将軍として擁することで幕政の実権を掌握しようと計画した。
English: On August 13, she and Tokimasa were forced to become priests and confined to Izu Province by order of Yoshitoki (the Makishi Incident).
Japanese: 7月20日(旧暦)に時政と共に出家し、その後、義時の手によって伊豆国に幽閉された（牧氏事件）。
English: After that, she went back to Kyoto to live a luxurious life; she visited several temples accompanied by her family and followers, which drew criticism from FUJIWARA no Teika.
Japanese: その後京都に戻って贅沢に暮らし、一族を引き連れて諸寺に詣でて藤原定家の批判を受けている。
English: The year of her death is unknown; however, she carried out the 13th anniversary of her husband, Tokimasa's death in 1227, so at she was alive at least until around that time.
Japanese: 没年は詳しく分かっていないが、嘉禄3年（1227年）に夫・時政の13回忌を行なっているため、少なくともこの前後までは生きていたと思われる。
English: Takao SUGIHASHI advanced a theory that Munechika MAKI, who was supposed to be Maki no kata's father or older brother, was the same person as FUJIWARA no Munechika, a brother of Ike no zenni ("Sonpi Bunmyaku" (Bloodlines of Noble and Base)).
Japanese: また、杉橋隆夫は牧の方の父あるいは兄とされる牧宗親と池禅尼の兄弟とされる藤原宗親（『尊卑分脈』）は同一人物であるとする説を提示している。
English: Norihiro OUCHI (May 11, 1420 - October 2, 1465) was Shugo (Military Governor) Daimyo in the middle of the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 大内教弘（おおうちのりひろ、1420年5月2日（応永27年3月20日(旧暦)）-1465年9月23日（寛正6年9月3日(旧暦)））は、室町時代中期の守護大名。
English: The Ouchi clan, who described itself as a family line related by blood to King Songmyong of Paekche in Suo Province, was descended from Zaichokanjin (the local officials in Heian and Kamakura periods).
Japanese: 家系は周防の百済の聖明王の血筋を自称し、在庁官人の系譜をひく大内氏。
English: He was the adoptive heir of the 12th family head, Mochiyo OUCHI in 1441 to succeed the family head who controlled four provinces, Suo Province, Nagato Province, Chikuzen Province, and Buzen Province, because Mochiyo was involved in Kakitsu War and died.
Japanese: 第12代当主・大内持世の養嗣子となる、1441年、持世が嘉吉の乱に巻き込まれて死去したため、その後を継いで当主となり、周防国・長門国・筑前国・豊前国の四ヶ国を領する。
English: He proposed Korea to cede the territory of Tsushima to defeat the Shoni clan who had relied on the So clan and ran away to Tsushima.
Japanese: 宗氏を頼って対馬へ逃れた少弐氏を討伐するために朝鮮に対して対馬の割譲を提言している。
English: He fought with Takeda clan in Aki Province, extending its power to the Provinces of Aki, Iwami, and Bizen.
Japanese: 安芸国で武田氏と戦い、大内氏の勢力を安芸・石見国・肥前国に拡大した。
English: He won in a dispute with the Hosokawa clan over a foreign trade (Japan-Korea Trade) with Joseon Dynasty and had relations with Korea.
Japanese: 細川氏と李氏朝鮮との交易（日朝貿易）をめぐって争ったが、これに勝利して朝鮮と通交する。
English: He also had a profound knowledge of culture and invited Sesshu to dispatch him to Ming.
Japanese: また、文化に対しても造詣が深く、雪舟を招聘して明に渡海させようとした。
English: He joined hands with Michiharu KONO in Iyo Province, who also were in opposition to the Hosokawa clan, to take advantage in fighting with the forces of Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, but died on September 3, 1465 in Gogo-shima Island.
Japanese: 細川氏と敵対していた伊予国の河野通春と手を結んで四国における細川勝元の軍に対して優位に戦ったが、1465年9月3日、興居島で死去。
English: Mochiyo OUCHI (March 23, 1394 - August 14, 1441) was a Shugo daimyo (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) in the mid-Muromachi Period.
Japanese: 大内持世（おおうちもちよ、1394年3月23日（明徳5年2月21日(旧暦)）-1441年8月14日（嘉吉元年7月28日(旧暦)））は、室町時代中期の守護大名。
English: In 1431, after the 11th head, Morimi OUCHI, was killed in a battle against the Otomo clan and the Shoni clan in Chikuzen Province, a conflict over the succession arose within the Ouchi clan.
Japanese: 1431年、第11代当主・大内盛見が大友氏・少弐氏と戦って筑前国で敗死した後、大内氏内部では後継ぎをめぐっての争いが起こった。
English: Morimi had made a will leaving the position at the head of the family and all territory except for Nagato Province to Mochiyo and leaving Nagato Province to Mochimori OUCHI.
Japanese: 生前、盛見は持世に家督と長門国を除く所領を、大内持盛に長門を継ぐように遺言していた。
English: Mochiyo initially respected the contents of the will due to the orders from the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), but soon deposed Mochimori with the support of the local samurai) and took over the position at the head of the family and all territories of the Ouchi clan.
Japanese: 幕命もあって持世は当初、これに従ったが、やがて国人衆の支持を背景にして持盛を滅ぼし、家督と大内氏の領土全てを相続するに至ったのである。
English: Mochiyo came close eliminating the Shoni clan, but in 1440, he found it within himself to ask the shogun of the bakufu, Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, to mediate a reconciliation which allowed the Shoni clan lineage to survive.
Japanese: 少弐氏を滅亡寸前までに追い込んだが、1440年には持世なりの寛大さがあったのか、幕府の将軍・足利義教に少弐氏との和睦を取り持ってもらうことで少弐氏を存続させている。
English: His motive may have been a fear of worsening relations with the So clan of Tsushima Province who had an alliance with the Shoni clan.
Japanese: 少弐氏と同盟関係にある対馬国の宗氏との関係悪化を恐れたとも言われる。
English: In 1441, when Mitsusuke AKAMATSU organized a feast celebrating the victory in the Yuki War, Mochiyo attended with Yoshinori, but was gravely injured in the Kakitsu War which took place at this time and died of his wounds on July 28.
Japanese: 1441年、赤松満祐が結城合戦の戦勝祝いにと祝宴を開いたとき、持世も義教に従って臨席していたが、このときの嘉吉の乱で重傷を負い、それがもとで7月28日に死去してしまった。
English: Hiroshige OUCHI (year of birth unknown - 1401) was a general who lived during the early Muromachi period.
Japanese: 大内弘茂（おおうちひろしげ、？-1401年（応永8年））は、室町時代前期の武将。
English: During the Oei War in 1399, he joined his older brother in holding a castle in Sakai City against the army of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) led by Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA; however his older brother was killed in the attack of the besieging army by setting fire to the castle, and Hiroshige surrendered to Yoshimitsu.
Japanese: 1399年、応永の乱のときに兄に従って堺市に籠城したが、兄が将軍・足利義満率いる幕府軍の火攻めにあって戦死したため、その軍門に降った。
English: To punish the Ouchi family for the War, Yoshimitsu confiscated Buzen Province, Iwami Province, Izumi Province and Kii Province, but, on condition that Hiroshige pay him homage and render him service, Yoshimitsu approved Hiroshige's succession to the head of the Ouchi family, and granted him fiefs in Suo Province and Nagato Province.
Japanese: 義満は戦後の大内氏に対する処罰として、豊前国・石見国・和泉国・紀伊国を没収すると同時に、弘茂が義満に臣従することを条件として家督相続と周防国・長門国二ヶ国の所領のみ安堵されたのである。
English: However, Moriharu OUCHI, who was taking care of the Ouchi house in Hiroshige's absence, defied Yoshimitsu's orders to give up the Ouchi's territory, and so Yoshimitsu ordered Hiroshige to bring down Moriharu.
Japanese: ところが、本国の留守を守っていた大内盛見が所領没収に従わずに義満に反抗したため、義満は弘茂に盛見の討伐を命じる。
English: With support from Yoshimitsu and the feudal loads of Aki Province and Iwami Province, Hiroshige attacked Moriharu and temporarily succeeded in expelling him into Buzen Province, but Moriharu and his troops launched a counterattack at Shiojiyama-jo Castle in Chofu Province in December 1401, and Hiroshige was defeated and subsequently killed at Sakariyama-jo Castle in the Chofu Province.
Japanese: 弘茂は義満や安芸国、石見の諸大名から支援を受けて盛見と戦い、一時はこれを豊前に放逐したが、1401年12月に反攻してきた盛見の軍勢と長府の四王司山城で戦うが敗れ、同じく長府の佐加利山城において討ち取られた。
English: Teruhiro OUCHI (c. 1520 - January 1, 1569) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Sengoku Period (Warring States Period).
Japanese: 大内輝弘（おおうちてるひろ、永正17年（1520年）？-永禄12年11月25日(旧暦)（1569年1月1日））は、戦国時代(日本)の武将。
English: Although he belonged to the Ouchi clan, he opposed Yoshitaka OUCHI from the outset, and became a guest busho (Japanese military commander) with the Otomo clan which was hostile in spite of the blood relations between the two clans.
Japanese: 大内氏の一族であるが、大内義隆と対立していたため、早くから大内氏と敵対関係でもあり血縁関係でもあった大友氏を頼り、その客将となっている。
English: Although became the 18th head of Ouchi clan, he had no real power, and the Ouchi clan can be viewed as having died out with the death of Yoshinaga OUCHI.
Japanese: 大内氏の第18代の当主とされるが、実権は既に無く、大内義長の死によって大内氏は断絶したと見るのが正しいと思われる。
English: In 1568, when Yoshishige OTOMO fought a battle with Motonari MORI over the hegemony of Buzen region, Otomo's army was in a state of collapse in the face of attacks by Mori's army.
Japanese: 永禄11年（1568年）、大友義鎮が毛利元就と豊前地域の覇権を巡って争った際、大友軍は毛利軍の攻勢の前に、一時は壊滅の危機に立たされていた。
English: On advice from Nagamasu YOSHIOKA, a member of his staff, from September to December of the same year Sorin entrusted his soldiers to Teruhiro who was dependent on the Otomo clan and ordered him to land secretly in Suo Province with the help of the Otomo navy headed by Shigeoki WAKABAYASHI.
Japanese: 宗麟の参謀である吉岡長増の進言により、宗麟は寄食していた輝弘に兵を与え、同年8月から9月にかけて、若林鎮興らの大友水軍を付けて、密かに海上から周防国に上陸させた。
English: When Teruhiro invaded Suo Province many former vassals of the Ouchi clan were ready to help him because of his family name.
Japanese: 大内氏の一族であったが故に周防に侵入すると、大内氏の遺臣の多くがこれに呼応した。
English: With most of Mori's army dispatched to the battlefields of northern Kyushu, the remaining soldiers were forced into a difficult battle.
Japanese: このため、周防国の毛利軍はその大半を北九州の戦線に投入していたため、苦戦を強いられた。
English: However, the wife of Tsuneyoshi ICHIKAWA, charged with defending Konomine-jo Castle, offered fierce resistance with a small band of soldiers and Teruhiro was stopped at Tsukiyama yakata (a villa of the Ouchi clan in Yamaguchi), and could not fully occupy Yamaguchi.
Japanese: しかし高嶺城を守る市川経好夫人が、少ない城兵を指揮し、徹底して抗戦したため、輝弘は山口の大内氏別邸築山屋形に入るに止まり、山口を完全に占領することができなかった。
English: When Motonari found out about the invasion by Teruhiro, he promptly gave up on attacking north Kyushu and sent his elite troops headed by Motoharu KIKKAWA and Takakage KOBAYAKAWA to Suo.
Japanese: 輝弘の攻撃を知った元就は北九州攻略を諦め、即座に軍を返して、吉川元春、小早川隆景率いる精鋭を周防に向かわせた。
English: Informed of this, Teruhiro abandoned his efforts in Yamaguchi and made for the coast in an attempt to escape by sea.
Japanese: 輝弘はその報を受けると山口での抵抗を諦め、海路での脱出経路を探るべく海沿いへ脱出した。
English: But he was chased down and caught at Mt. Chausu in Tonomi (currently Hofu City), and ended up committing suicide.
Japanese: しかしながら、追撃厳しく富海（とのみ：現在の防府市）の茶臼山にて自害して果てた。
English: As a result of Teruhiro's invasion of Yamaguchi, Mori's army was forced to withdraw to Honshu (the main island of Japan), which allowed the Otomo clan to recapture Mori's castles in Chikuzen Province and elsewhere in northern Kyushu.
Japanese: 輝弘の山口乱入によって、毛利軍は本州に撤退せざるを得なくなり、大友氏は筑前国など北九州の毛利方の諸城の奪回に成功した。
English: Morimasa ASHINA (1386 - 1434) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the early and mid Muromachi Period.
Japanese: 蘆名盛政（あしなもりまさ、1386年（元中3年/至徳(日本)3年）-1434年（永享6年））は、室町時代前・中期の武将。
English: After becoming the family head, he tried to strengthen the relationship with temple and shrine powers by donating his territories in order to solidify his position.
Japanese: 当主就任後はその地位を磐石なものとするため、寺社勢力に所領を寄進してその関係強化に務めた。
English: At the War of Zenshu UESUGI from 1416, he took sides with Zenshu UESUGI and fought against Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, but there was no fact that he was hunted down by the shogunate.
Japanese: 1416年からの上杉禅秀の乱では上杉禅秀（禅秀）に与して足利持氏と敵対しているが、幕府から追討を受けた経緯はない。
English: However, in 1418, the dissatisfaction against this made his family the Shingu clan betray Morimasa, and they engaged in conflicts and disputes.
Japanese: しかしこのことへの不満から1418年、一族の新宮氏が盛政を裏切って対立・抗争を繰り広げる。
English: Morihisa ASHINA (year of birth unknown - 1444) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the mid Muromachi Period.
Japanese: 蘆名盛久（あしなもりひさ、生年不詳-1444年（文安元年））は、室町時代中期の武将。
English: His father Morimasa transferred the family estate to him and he became the family head in June, 1434 (his father died in the same year).
Japanese: 1434年6月、父・盛政から家督を譲られて当主となる（父は同年に死去）。
English: Although the details while he was the family head is hardly known, it is supposed that it was Morihisa who took sides with Mitsunao ASHIKAGA of Sasagawa palace at the Eikyo War as the family head.
Japanese: 当主在任中の詳しい経緯はほとんどわかっていないが、永享の乱の際に篠川御所足利満直に従った際の当主は盛久と推定されている。
English: Since he had no children, he designated his younger brother Morinobu ASHINA as his successor, and he died in 1444.
Japanese: 子がいなかったため、弟の蘆名盛信を後継者として指名し、1444年に死去した。
English: It is said that, in 1432, he built a villa, which was later going to be the template for Oyakuen, the second residence of the Aizu clan.
Japanese: 1432年に、のちに会津藩の別邸となる御薬園の元となる別荘を建築したと伝わる。
English: However, some vassals were dissatisfied with Moriakira's succession, which caused outbreak of insurgency inside the Ashina clan.
Japanese: しかし家臣団の一部から盛詮の相続に不満を持つ者が現われ、これが原因となって蘆名氏内部で内乱が発生した。
English: Furthermore, in the following year, in the middle of such a fight, the Shogun Yoshimasa ASHIKAGA ordered to search and kill Kogakubo (descendants of one of the Ashikaga families that held the office of the Kanto district administrator), Shigeuji ASHIKAGA, but Moriakira ended up not following this due to the circumstances.
Japanese: しかもこのような最中の翌年、将軍・足利義政から古河公方・足利成氏追討令を発されたが、盛詮は周囲の情況から従うことができずして終わった。
English: FUJIWARA no Aritsuna (date of birth unknown -1082 or 1086) was a retainer of the Imperial Court, scholar, and Chinese-style poet in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 藤原有綱（ふじわらのありつな、生年不詳-永保2年（1082年）または応徳3年（1086年））は、平安時代後期の廷臣、学者、漢詩人。
English: Since then, he served successively as Kurodo (Chamberlain), Sashoben (third ranked officer of the left), Chugu no suke (Assistant Master of the Consort's Household), Daigaku no kami (Director of the Bureau of Education), Monjo hakase (professor of literature), etc., and he was distinguished for the breadth of his learning.
Japanese: 以後、蔵人、左少弁、中宮亮、大学頭、文章博士等々を歴任し、その学識の高さをもって知られた。
English: As he was Kanjinsha (the proposer) of the name of the era 'Otoku' as well, during the Otoku era, he was said to be one of the most highly recognized scholars.
Japanese: 年号「応徳」の制定の勘申者でもあったことから、応徳年間のころには最も名声がある学者の一人であったという。
English: He was also famous as a Chinese style poet and a poet, and his Chinese poetries are included in "Honchomudaishi" (A collection of Chinese poems), "Beppon Wakan Kensaku Shu" (Special issue of a collection of Japanese-Chinese poems) and his waka poetries are found in "Mandaishu" and "Shufushu," etc.
Japanese: 漢詩人や歌人としても名高く、漢詩は『本朝無題詩』や『別本和漢兼作集』、和歌は『万代集』『秋風集』などにその作が残っている。
English: According to a record, in 1075 he organized a utaawase (poetry contest) at his residence.
Japanese: 承保2年（1075年）には自邸で歌合せを開催したことが記録に残されている。
English: Yuzo KAWASHIMA (February 4, 1918-June 11, 1963) is a Japanese film director.
Japanese: 川島雄三（かわしまゆうぞう、1918年2月4日-1963年6月11日）は、日本の映画監督。
English: After working under Yasujiro SHIMAZU, Kozaburo YOSHIMURA, Yasujiro OZU, Hiromasa NOMURA, Keisuke KINOSHITA and others as an assistant director, in 1944 he passed the promotion examination to director at the top, and made his debut as a film director with "Kaette kita otoko" (A man who returned) based on the original work by Sakunosuke ODA.
Japanese: 島津保次郎、吉村公三郎、小津安二郎、野村弘将、木下惠介らの助監督を経て、1944年、監督昇進試験主席合格ののち織田作之助原作の『還って来た男』で監督デビュー。
English: On the other hand, the three films he directed at Daiei Motion Picture Company with actress Ayako WAKAO, "Onna wa nido umareru" (A woman can be born twice), "Temple of the Wild Geese," "Graceful Brute," came to be highly recognized in later years.
Japanese: かたわら大映でメガホンを取った『女は二度生まれる』『雁の寺』『しとやかな獣』の三作品で若尾文子と組み、後年高い評価を得る作品を残す。
English: His hobby is collecting cameras and he was the head of a club for Minox (sub-miniature camera) lovers, called 'Mino-mushi (basket worm) Club' with actors and actresses.
Japanese: 趣味はカメラで映画関係者、男優、女優らとミノックスの愛好会「ミノムシ・クラブ」を主宰。
English: Since around the time of his promotion to director, he had suffered from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and had difficulty in walking and others.
Japanese: 監督昇進の頃から、筋萎縮性側索硬化症に冒され歩行等に障害を有していた。
English: He produced a small magazine titled "Dorouma Club" (Maddy horse club) with Katsumi NISHIKAWA, Keizaburo KOBAYASHI, and Ruiju YANAGISAWA, who were born in the same year as Kawashima, that is, in 1918 or in the Year of Tsuchinoeuma (the year of the dobbin horse, according to zodiac sign).
Japanese: 川島と同じ大正7年戊午生まれの西河克己、小林桂三郎、柳沢類寿と共に『泥馬クラブ』という小冊子を作成。
English: The magazine that portrayed the top management figures and union leaders of Shochiku with a wry sense of humor gained a high reputation, however it had to be discontinued after its forth volume due to pressure from the company.
Japanese: 松竹首脳、組合幹部等をユーモアに包んで皮肉り好評を得るが、会社から圧力をうけ四号で終了。
English: However, according to what Shohei IMAMURA himself said in the later years, although he was credited as playwright-director, in reality very few of his ideas were adopted.
Japanese: ただし、今村昌平本人は後年、脚本家としてクレジットされているが、採用されたのはアイデアのほんの一部だと語っている。
English: In the original idea of the last scene in "Bakumatsu Taiyoden" (The Sun Legend of the End of the Tokugawa Era), the leading actor was to go outside, passing through the studio premise, and then run out into the city.
Japanese: 『幕末太陽伝』のラストシーンは、主人公が江戸時代のセットから外に出て、撮影所内を超えて、さらに現在の町中に走り出すというのが原案。
English: The director insisted that otherwise he would not continue filming; however, all the people around him, including Frankie SAKAI (the leading actor) and staff members, persuaded him to change the scene, because they thought that nobody would understand the meaning and technically it would be really impossible, and finally the director reluctantly accepted the change to the actual last scene.
Japanese: この設定以外ではやらないと言い出すが、フランキー堺やスタッフなどから、意味がわからない、実際には無理、と説得されて、現存のラストシーンとなった。
English: However, Frankie SAKAI commented later in life that afterwards he thought back that he should have done as the director said.
Japanese: ただ、フランキー堺は後に、後から考えると監督の言う通りにしておけば良かったと語っている。
English: In life he used to laugh at himself, saying, 'except for Franklin ROOSEVELT and me, nobody become famous suffering from this kind of diseases.'
Japanese: 生前、「この種の病気を抱えながら有名人になったのは、オレとフランクリン・ルーズベルトくらいだ」と自嘲していた。
English: His works are an uneven mixture of the brilliant and the mediocre, but he practically thought that 'filmmaking was nothing more than a way to earn a living.'
Japanese: 作品の出来は玉石混交であるが、「映画作りは、ひとえに生活のため」と割り切っていた。
English: Yasuzo MASUMURA (August 25, 1924-November 23, 1986) was a Japanese film director.
Japanese: 増村保造（ますむらやすぞう、1924年8月25日-1986年11月23日）は日本の映画監督。
English: He studied at Yamanashi Prefectural Kofu Daiichi High School and Daiichi High School (old-education-system), and graduated from the Faculty of Law at Tokyo University.
Japanese: 山梨県立甲府第一高等学校から第一高等学校(旧制)を経て東京大学法学部を卒業。
English: In 1952, He went to Italy to study under Federico FELLINI and Luchino VISCONTI among others.
Japanese: 1952年、イタリア留学、フェデリコ・フェリーニやルキノ・ヴィスコンティらに学ぶ。
English: Since the second film directed by him "A Vivacious Girl," he had worked together with actress Ayako WAKAO, and made a series of notable and significant pieces such as "A Wife Confesses," "Seisaku's Wife," "The Husband Witnessed," and "Red Angel."
Japanese: 監督第二作『青空娘』より若尾文子とタッグを組み、『妻は告白する』『清作の妻』『女の小箱・より　夫が見た』『赤い天使』などの佳作にして重要な作品群を残す。
English: He also contributed to the golden days of Daiei film, directing "The Hoodlum Soldier," "Nakano Spy School," as well as the fist film of the two blockbuster series starring Shintaro KATSU and by Raizo ICHIKAWA (VIII), respectively.
Japanese: また『兵隊やくざ』『陸軍中野学校』と、それぞれ勝新太郎、市川雷蔵(8代目)の大ヒットシリーズの第一作を監督して大映絶頂期を支えた。
English: In 1958 he wrote a critical essay titled 'A vindication,' in "Eiga Hyoron" (Cinema Review), March Issue.
Japanese: 1958年、雑誌『映画評論(雑誌)』3月号において、「ある弁明」という評論を発表。
English: And he argued that 'my cimematographic methodology is to establish a modern image of a man,' and he roundly criticized the renowned film directors of the time such as the master director Tadashi IMAMURA, and referring to Mikio NARUSE, he wrote "his films, which come to terms with the actual Japanese Society and depict the ephemeral 'sentiment' of petit bourgeois can be called naturalistic velocity movies."
Japanese: 「自分の映画の方法論は、近代的人間像を日本映画にうちたてるためのものだ」と主張し、成瀬巳喜男を、『日本の社会をそのまま認め、はかなき小市民の「情緒」を描く自然主義的風速映画』と、今井正もの当時の巨匠たちを痛烈に批判した。
English: He also collaborated with Katsu Production, lead by Shintaro KATSU, and filmed the pieces representing his later phase, such as "Shin heitai yakuza: Kasen" (The hoodlum soldier (new version): fuse).
Japanese: また、勝新太郎の勝プロと組んで『新兵隊やくざ火線』といった後期代表作を手がける。