nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Behind this, it is suspected that the Imperial Prince Yamanobe and the Fujiwara family that supported him masterminded the conspiracy.
Japanese: この背景には山部親王とそれを擁立する藤原家の陰謀があったと目される。
English: The emperor persevered in affairs of state even after he became 70 years old, but after Imperial Princess Noto, his first Princess, died in February 781, he deteriorated suddenly both physically and mentally and abdicated the throne to his crown prince for health reasons in May of the same year.
Japanese: 70歳を超えても政務に精励したが、天応元年（781年）2月第一皇女能登内親王に先立たれてから心身ともに俄かに衰え、同年4月、病を理由に皇太子に譲位。
English: Grand empress dowager is an honorific title for the legal wife (Empress) of the late Emperor but one or for the grandmother of the present Emperor.
Japanese: 太皇太后（たいこうたいごう）は先々代の皇帝の正妻(皇后)もしくは、当代の帝王の祖母に対して用いる尊称である。
English: So, it once meant the honorific title or the rank of former Empresses in Japan.
Japanese: 転じて日本では、以前皇后だったものに対して用いる尊称ないし位とされたことがある。
English: Now, a Grand empress dowager is called with the title of honor 'Heika' (her Majesty) but in ancient times, 'Gu' (palace) was attached after their names as the title of honor.
Japanese: 現在の敬称は「太皇太后陛下」であるが、古くは太皇太后宮という様に「宮」(ぐう)の字をつけて敬称した。
English: Ryo (administrative code) assigned Chugu-shiki (Office of the Consort's Household) to manage the Grand empress dowager's affairs, quoting Ryo no gige (commentary on the Ryo) as its legal basis which says that 'the Grand empress dowager is Chugu (Empress) accordingly', but, in fact, Taikotaigogu-shiki (Office of the grand empress dowager) was established to serve Grand empress dowager exclusively.
Japanese: 令では中宮職を担当の役所となし、『令義解』では「太皇太后……の宮また自ずから中宮なり」とし、中宮職をもって太皇太后に仕える根拠とするが、実際には中宮職と別個に太皇太后宮職をおいて奉仕させた。
English: In the late Heian period when Emperors changed frequently in a short period of time, there were cases that a former imperial wife (Empress) was given the title of Empress dowager when a new Empress came into the palace, and she would be elevated to the title of Grand empress dowager when another new Empress came.
Japanese: 天皇の在位期間が短くなる、平安時代後期には、以前に皇后（中宮）だったものが、のちに新たに皇后が立てられると皇太后と称せられ、さらにまた新たな皇后が立てられると、繰り上がって太皇太后の位を贈られるようになった。
English: Even after the Ritsuryo codes were abolished in Meiji period, the title of Grand empress dowager continued and a Grand empress dowager is specified as a member of the Imperial family by the Imperial House Act.
Japanese: 明治になり、律令は廃止されたが、太皇太后の称は残り、皇室典範で太皇太后は皇族とされた。
English: Rescript on Imperial Funeral Ceremonial (No. 11 of the Imperial family's Act in 1926) states that Minister of the Imperial Households shall announce the death of a grand empress dowager and decide her posthumous title and that the emperor shall host her funeral.
Japanese: また皇室喪儀令（大正15年皇室令第11号）では、太皇太后の死に際しては宮内大臣が公示し、追号を定め、天皇が喪主となると定める。
English: After the World War II, the former Imperial House Act was replaced by the new Imperial House Act, which was enforced in the same year as the Constitution of Japan.
Japanese: 第二次世界大戦後、日本国憲法とともに旧皇室典範にかえ、新たに皇室典範が施行される。
English: Grand empress dowager is specified as a member of the Imperial family (Article 2) and she may become a regent (Article 17).
Japanese: 太皇太后は皇族とされ（第2条）、また摂政に就任しうるものとされる（第17条）。
English: Her title of honor shall be Heika (Article 23) and she shall be buried in a mausoleum (Article 27).
Japanese: また敬称は陛下を用い（第23条）、太皇太后を葬るところは陵と称する（第27条）。
English: FUJIWARA no Masaruko, the Empress of Emperor Konoe (she later became the Empress of Emperor Nijo) in the late Heian period, was the last Japanese grand empress dowager up to the present date.
Japanese: 平安末期に近衛天皇の皇后であった藤原多子（後に二条天皇の皇后となる）を最後に、現在に至るまで太皇太后は登場していない。
English: Empress Koken (718 - August 28, 770), the forty-sixth Japanese Emperor, was in power from August 19, 749 to September 7, 758.
Japanese: 孝謙天皇（こうけんてんのう、養老2年（718年）-神護景雲4年8月4日_(旧暦)（770年8月28日））は、日本の第46代天皇（在位：天平勝宝元年7月2日(旧暦)（749年8月19日）-天平宝字2年8月1日(旧暦)（758年9月7日））。
English: Her father was Emperor Shomu and her mother was Empress Komyo (Komyoshi) who came from the Fujiwara clan and was the first subject to become an empress in Japanese history.
Japanese: 父は聖武天皇、母は藤原氏出身で史上初めて人臣から皇后となった光明皇后（光明子）。
English: She was also called Takanuno Sumeramikoto, Takano-himeno Sumeramikoto, and Yamatoneko no Sumeramikoto.
Japanese: 高野天皇・高野姫天皇・倭根子天皇（やまとねこのすめらみこと）とも呼ばれたこともある。
English: She returned to power as Emperor Shotoku after the reign of Emperor Junnin, the forty-eighth Japanese Emperor (Empress) and reigned from November 6, 764 to August 28, 770.
Japanese: 淳仁天皇を経て重祚し、第48代称徳天皇（しょうとくてんのう、稱德天皇、在位：天平宝字8年10月9日(旧暦)（764年11月6日）-神護景雲4年8月4日（770年8月28日））。
English: Japan saw no birth of an empress for more than 850 years after Empress Shotoku until Empress Meisho in Edo period.
Japanese: この称徳天皇以降、江戸時代の明正天皇に至るまで実に850余年女帝はいない。
English: Because Emperor Shomu and Empress Komyo finally ended up with no male children, Imperial Princess Abe, their daughter, was formally installed as the Crown Princess on February 6, 738, the first Crown Princess in Japan.
Japanese: 聖武天皇と光明皇后の間にはついに男子が育たず、天平10年1月13日(旧暦)（738年2月6日）に娘・阿部内親王を立太子し、史上初の女性皇太子となる。
English: Empress Dowager's nephew FUJIWARA no Nakamaro (later EMI no Oshikatsu) was appointed as director general of the Shibi chudai and he rapidly extended his influence with the backing of Empress Dowager.
Japanese: 長官には皇太后の甥の藤原仲麻呂（後に恵美押勝に改名）が任命され、皇太后を後盾にした仲麻呂の勢力が急速に拡大した。
English: Several Princes, the grandsons of Emperor Tenmu, raised an army in vain to seize the imperial throne.
Japanese: また天武の孫である何人かの王が皇位を狙って挙兵したが、いずれも失敗におわっている。
English: In 758, upon the abdication of Empress Koken, Prince Oi assumed the throne to become Emperor Junnin who had the backing of Nakamaro.
Japanese: 天平宝字2年（758年）に孝謙天皇は退位し、仲麻呂が後見する大炊王が即位して淳仁天皇となる。
English: Retired Empress Koken repeatedly conflicted with Emperor Junnin, for example, she rejected to change the name of the era and resisted to give an honorary title to Imperial Prince Toneri (father of Emperor Junnin) which was eventually realized by the strong request from Empress Dowager Komyo.
Japanese: 孝謙上皇は代始改元を拒み、舎人親王（淳仁の父）への尊号献上にも抵抗する（最終的には光明皇太后の強い要請により実現）など淳仁天皇との軋轢を繰り返した。
English: Inspired by the Anshi War in Tang Dynasty, Nakamaro, (now EMI no Oshikatsu) who continued in power, planned to attack neighboring Shiragi (ancient Korean kingdom) and forged ahead with such policies as to change the names of domestic systems from Japanese style to Chinese style.
Japanese: 引き続き権力を握った仲麻呂（恵美押勝に改名）は唐で安史の乱が発生したことを機に、淳仁天皇の名において隣国新羅の討伐を目論み、国内制度も日本的なものから唐のものへ名称を変更するなどの政策を推し進めた。
English: The next year, Retired Empress Koken came to favor Buddhist monk Dokyo of the Yuge clan, who took care of her when she was taken with ill, which caused another conflict with Emperor Junnin who criticized her behavior.
Japanese: 翌年、病に伏せった孝謙上皇は、看病に当たった弓削氏の僧・道鏡を寵愛するようになるが、それを批判した淳仁天皇と対立する。
English: In 763, Retired Empress Koken returned to Heijo Capital, moved to Hokke-ji Temple on June 23, and, 10 days later, appeared as a nun in front of senior vassals to declare that she would deprive Emperor Junnin of authority.
Japanese: 天平宝字6年（762年）に孝謙上皇は平城京に帰還し、5月23日(旧暦)（6月23日）に法華寺に別居、その10日後、尼僧姿で重臣の前に現れ、淳仁天皇から天皇としての権限を取り上げると宣言した。
English: In September, 764, Nakamaro who had lost the backing of Empress Dowager Komyo, raised an army (FUJIWARA no Nakamaro's War) but was defeated, which triggered the second enthronement of Retired Empress Koken to become Emperor Shotoku who expelled Emperor Junnin in October of the same year
Japanese: 光明皇太后の後見を無くした仲麻呂は天平宝字8年（764年）9月に挙兵（藤原仲麻呂の乱）するが敗れ、同年10月淳仁天皇を追放して孝謙上皇が重祚し、称徳天皇となった。
English: Also, she picked KIBI no Makibi, lower-ranking government official, for Udaijin (minister of the right) to balance with Sadaijin (minister of the left) FUJIWARA no Nagate.
Japanese: また下級官人である吉備真備を右大臣に用いて、左大臣の藤原永手とのバランスをとった。
English: In 765, she prohibited any kind of private ownership of land, except for temples and shrines, because the land was overly cultivated due to the Law Permitting Permanent Ownership of Newly Cultivated Land.
Japanese: 天平神護元年（765年）には墾田永年私財法によって開墾が過熱したため、寺社を除いて一切の墾田私有を禁じた。
English: In 769, NAKATOMI no Suge no Asomaro, Kantsukasa (ritual official) of Dazaifu (Government Headquarters in Kyushu), reported the oracle of Usa Hachiman God that 'Dokyo shall assume the throne.'
Japanese: 神護景雲3年（769年）、太宰府の主神（かんづかさ）中臣習宜阿曾麻呂が「道鏡が皇位に就くべし」との宇佐八幡の託宣を報じた。
English: WAKE no Kiyomaro was sent to Usa Hachiman-gu Shrine as an imperial envoy to ascertain the authenticity of this oracle which, he confirmed, was false.
Japanese: これを確かめるべく、和気清麻呂が勅使として宇佐八幡に送られたが、この託宣は虚偽であると復命した。
English: Dokyo got angry about his report and relegated Kiyomaro as Inaba no ingainoge and Emperor Shotoku expulsed him to Osumi Province (plot of Usa Hachiman-gu oracle).
Japanese: これに怒った道鏡は清麻呂を因幡員外介として左遷し、さらに称徳天皇は清麻呂を除名し大隅国へ配流した（宇佐八幡宮神託事件）。
English: The next year, Emperor Shotoku visited Yugeno-miya Detached Palace in Kawachi Province and declared to designate the place as the western capital of Japan but she soon fell sick and died about 100 days later.
Japanese: しかし翌年、称徳天皇は河内の由義宮に行幸し同地を西京とする旨を宣したのち、病臥、100日余で崩御した。
English: Kibi no Yuri (sister or daughter of KIBI no Makibi), a court lady (female servant), was the only person allowed to watch at her bedside and Dokyo never saw her until she passed away.
Japanese: このとき、看病の為に近づけたのは宮人（女官）の吉備由利（吉備真備の姉妹または娘）だけで、道鏡は崩御まで会うことはなかった。
English: Because no historical material suggests that the prayer (now it is just a superstition but was a highly respectable medical treatment at that time) was given to wish her recovery from illness, some people insists that she was left to die without receiving any medical treatment (there is even an assassination theory).
Japanese: 病気回復を願う祈祷（現代では迷信だが、当時は立派な医療行為のひとつ）が行われたとの史料がないことから、医療行為を施されず見殺しにされたとの主張（さらに踏み込んで暗殺説）もある。
English: Emperor Shotoku was forced to remain single her entire life and never had children because she was a successor of the imperial throne.
Japanese: 称徳天皇は皇位継承者であったことから生涯独身を余儀なくされ、子をなすこともなかった。
English: Since neither she nor her father Emperor Shomu had brothers, who had all died in power struggles, and there was no Imperial Prince, Prince or other descendants of Emperor Tenmu, who would have been adequate to accede to the throne, Shirakabe no okimi (Prince Shirakabe) (Emperor Konin), from the line of Emperor Tenchi, was enthroned with the recommendation from FUJIWARA no Nagate and FUJIWARA no Momokawa.
Japanese: また、それまでの権力闘争の結果、兄弟もなく、父聖武天皇にも兄弟がなく、他に適当な天武天皇の子孫たる親王、王が無かったため、藤原永手や藤原百川の推挙によって天智天皇系の白壁王（光仁天皇）が即位した。
English: Dokyo fell from the power and was expelled to Shimotsuke Province, and the private ownership of newly cultivated land, which Empress Shotoku had prohibited, was resumed.
Japanese: また、道鏡は失脚して下野国に配流され、彼女が禁じた墾田私有は再開された。
English: Takano no Misasagi Mausoleum in Misasagi Town, Nara City, Nara Prefecture, is identified as her mausoleum while the identification of Saki Takatsuka Tumulus in the Mausoleum as the Mausoleum of Empress Koken remains questionable because it is a keyhole-shaped tomb mound composing the Sakitatenami Burial Mounds.
Japanese: 奈良県奈良市山陵町にある高野陵（たかののみささぎ）と比定されているが、孝謙天皇陵と比定されている佐紀高塚山古墳は佐紀盾列古墳群を構成する前方後円墳であり、その比定は疑問視されている。
English: Emperor Junnin (733 - November 10, 765) was the forty seventh emperor of Japan (the period of reign: September 7, 758 - November 6, 764).
Japanese: 淳仁天皇（じゅんにんてんのう、天平5年（733年）-天平神護元年10月23日(旧暦)（765年11月10日））は、日本の第47代天皇（在位：天平宝字2年8月1日(旧暦)（758年9月7日）-天平宝字8年10月9日(旧暦)（764年11月6日））。
English: He is called Haitei (Dethroned Emperor) or Awaji Haitei (Deposed Emperor of Awaji) in ancient documents.
Japanese: 古文書では廃帝（はいたい）または淡路廃帝（あわじはいたい）と呼ばれる。
English: Because his father died when he was three years old, although he was a grandson of Emperor Tenmu, he was not given an official rank, let alone his presence never drew attention.
Japanese: だが、3歳で父が没したこともあって、天皇の孫でありながら官位を受けることもなく、まして自らの存在が注目されることもなかった。
English: In 757, he was installed as the Crown Prince by the unmarried Empress Koken on behalf of Prince Funado who became the Crown Prince according to the will of Emperor Shomu.
Japanese: 757年（天平宝字元年）、聖武天皇の遺言によって立太子した道祖王に代わって、未婚の女帝・孝謙天皇により立太子された。
English: FUJIWARA no Nakamaro (later changed his name to EMI no Oshikatsu) recommended Prince Oi to be the Crown Prince strongly.
Japanese: この立太子は、藤原仲麻呂（後に恵美押勝に改名）の強い推挙によるものだった。
English: Prince Oi had a strong relationship with Nakamaro, having married AWATA no Morone, a widow of FUJIWARA no Mayori who was a daughter of Nakamaro, and lived in Nakamaro's private house.
Japanese: 大炊王は仲麻呂の子・藤原真従（まより）の未亡人である粟田諸姉を妻とし、仲麻呂の私邸に住むなど、仲麻呂と強い関係を持っていた。
English: It was good that Prince Oi could ascend the throne; however, Nakamaro seized most real political power and Empress Komyo (FUJIWARA no Komyoshi), the guardian of Nakamaro, had a strong influence on politics.
Japanese: だが皇位に就いたのは良かったが、政治の実権はほとんど仲麻呂が握り、また仲麻呂の後見人である光明皇后（藤原光明子）が強い影響力を持っていた。
English: Due to the occurrence of the Anshi Rebellion in Tang, Emperor Junnin tightened the security in Kyushu; however, he allowed Nakamaro to pursue the plan to subjugate Silla and also changed the names of official ranks to Chinese style.
Japanese: 政策は、唐で安史の乱が発生した為、九州の警備を強化したが、仲麻呂が推進した新羅討伐計画を許可し、官位も唐風の名称に改めるなどした。
English: Emperor Junnin protested against the relationship between Retired Empress Koken and Dokyo, which led to the confrontation between them.
Japanese: そして、淳仁天皇が孝謙上皇と道鏡との関係について諫言したことを契機にして両者の関係は対立するようになっていく。
English: In 762, in order to reassume the supreme power as Emperor, Retired Empress Koken declared that "Current emperor should administer the ordinary state affairs and minor political matters. We'll administer a matter of national importance and justice."
Japanese: 762年（天平宝字6年）、孝謙上皇は再び天皇大権を掌握することを目的に、「今の帝は常の祀りと小事を行え、国家の大事と賞罰は朕が行う」と宣告した。
English: Due to this declaration, some researchers think that the political power was moved to Retired Empress Koken, others say that Emperor Junnin still exerted his power because he had possessed Gyoji (the Imperial Seal).
Japanese: この宣告によって、政治権力が孝謙上皇のもとに移ったとする理解と、御璽を保持しつづけていた淳仁天皇が依然と権能を発揮していたとする見解がある。
English: In 764, after the revolt of Fujiwara no Nakamaro, Emperor Junnin didn't act together with his supposed best guardian, Nakamaro.
Japanese: 天平宝字8年（764年）藤原仲麻呂の乱が起きた後も、最大の後見人であるはずの仲麻呂と行動をともにすることは無かった。
English: As to the reason, some say that Emperor Junnin was already captured by the ex-emperor's side, others say that having gave up on Nakamaro, Emperor Junnin was trying to reconcile with the ex-emperor's side.
Japanese: その原因については既に上皇側に拘束されていたからだとも、仲麻呂を見限って上皇側との和解を探っていたからだとも言われている。
English: (Nakamaro unwillingly attempted to help Prince Shioyaki to be the new emperor because he couldn't bring Emperor Junnin out.)
Japanese: （仲麻呂は天皇を連れ出せなかった為、やむなく塩焼王を新天皇に擁立することを企てた。）
English: Due to the "close relationship with Nakamaro," Emperor Junnin was dethroned by Retired Empress Koken and exiled to Awaji Province, having been treated as the Imperial Prince.
Japanese: そこで上皇より「仲麻呂と関係が深かったこと」を理由に廃位を宣告され、親王の待遇をもって淡路国に流される。
English: However, many government officials visited Emperor Junnin to Awaji and also in the capital of the country, there were the power who attempted Emperor Junnin's return.
Japanese: だが、淡路の淳仁天皇のもとに通う官人らも多くおり、また都でも天皇の復帰をはかる勢力もあった。
English: Having felt the sense of danger to this political situation, in February 765, Retired Empress Koken ordered to tighten the security in Awaji to SAEKI no Tasuku and others who were kokushu (the governors of the province).
Japanese: このような政治動向に危機感をもった上皇は、翌天平神護元年（765年）2月に現地の国守である佐伯助らに警戒の強化を命じている。
English: Officially it is said that Emperor Junnin was died of sickness; actually, however, it is highly possible that he was died of wounds received when he escaped.
Japanese: 公式には病死と伝えられているが、実際は逃亡の時に危害を加えられた結果であった可能性が高い。
English: The imperial mausoleum of Emperor Junnin was built in Mihara County, Awaji Province (it is said that the place is present day Tenomorioka, Minami-Awaji City, Hyogo Prefecture).
Japanese: 淳仁天皇の御陵は淡路国三原郡（現在の兵庫県南あわじ市の天王森丘とされる）に造営された。
English: In 772, Emperor Konin sent sixty Buddhist monks to hold a Buddhist service for the repose of the soul of the Emperor Junnin.
Japanese: 宝亀3年（772年）に、光仁天皇は僧侶60人を派遣し、斎を設けて、その魂を鎮めた。
English: However, although he ascended the throne, due to the wish of Empress Koken, he hadn't been admitted as an Emperor of Japan for a long time and called as Haitei (Dethroned Emperor) or Awaji Haitei (Deposed Emperor of Awaji).
Japanese: しかし践祚していながら、孝謙天皇の意向によって長らく天皇のひとりと認められず、廃帝または淡路廃帝と呼ばれていた。
English: In 1870, together with Emperor Kobun (Prince Otomo) and Emperor Chukyo, he received a posthumous name, "Emperor Junnin" from Emperor Meiji.
Japanese: 1870年（明治3年）に、弘文天皇（大友皇子）、仲恭天皇と共に、明治天皇から「淳仁天皇」と追号を賜られた。
English: In 1873, Emperor Junnin was enshrined in Shiramine Jingu shrine sacred to the memory of Emperor Sutoku who died in the place of exile like Emperor Junnin.
Japanese: 1873年には、同様に配流先で歿した崇徳天皇を祀る白峯神宮に合祀された。
English: Emperor Kinmei (509 - May 24, 571) was the 29th emperor of Japan (the reign: December 30, 539 - April 15, 571 [old calendar]).
Japanese: 欽明天皇（きんめいてんのう、継体天皇3年（509年）-欽明天皇32年4月15日(旧暦)（571年5月24日））は、第29代の天皇（在位：宣化天皇4年12月5日(旧暦)（539年12月30日）-欽明天皇32年（571年）4月15日(旧暦)）。
English: Amekunioshiharukihironiwa no mikoto, his younger brother, ruled the country, residing in his palace in the palace of Shikishima.
Japanese: 弟（おと）、天国押波流岐広庭（あめくにおしはるきひろには）天皇、師木島（しきしま）の大宮に坐しまして、天の下治めらしめしき。
English: Amekunioshiharukihironiwa no mikoto-Mentioned in the book, "Kojiki" (The Records of Ancient Matters)
Japanese: 天国押波流岐広庭天皇（あめくにおしはるきひろにわのすめらみこと）-『古事記』
English: Amekunioshiharakihironiha no Sumeramikoto-mentioned in the book, "Nihonshoki "(Chronicles of Japan)
Japanese: 天国排開広庭天皇（あめくにおしはらきひろにわのすめらみこと）-『日本書紀』
English: Amekunioshiharukihiro no Mikoto-mentioned in the book, "Cultural Properties of Chugu-ji Temple"
Japanese: 阿米久爾意斯波留支比里爾波乃弥己等（あめくにおしはるきひろにわのみこと）-『中宮寺文化財』
English: Emperor Kinmei is the legitimate child between Emperor Keitai and Princess Tashiraka no Himemiko (an princess of Emperor Ninken, a granddaughter of Emperor Yuryaku).
Japanese: 継体天皇の嫡子で、母は手白香皇女（たしらかのひめみこ。仁賢天皇の皇女、雄略天皇の孫娘）。
English: Being a collateral descendant, Emperor Keitai, the father of Emperor Kinmei, selected Princess Tashiraka, a direct descendant as his Empress; she was princess of former Emperor Ninken as well as the sister of Emperor Buretsu.
Japanese: 父親の継体天皇は傍系出身であり、先々代仁賢天皇の皇女で、先代武烈天皇の姉(妹)である直系の手白香皇女を皇后に迎え入れた。
English: Although Emperor Keitai had many children, his legitimate child was only Emperor Kinmei, who was the prince born between Emperor Keitai and Princess Tashiraka.
Japanese: 継体天皇は他に沢山の子がいたのにも関わらず、嫡子は手白香皇女との間の皇子であるこの欽明天皇であった。
English: Older brothers of Emperor Kinmei by a concubine, Emperor Senka and Emperor Ankan, also chose the sisters of Princess Tashiraka as their Empress.
Japanese: 庶兄の宣化天皇、安閑天皇もまた継体天皇と同じく手白香皇女の姉妹を皇后に迎え入れている。
English: Although Kasuga no Yamada no Himemiko (the empress of the former Emperor Ankan) was nominated as an interim successor upon the death of Emperor Senka, Emperor Kinmei at his young age succeeded the enthronement in 539 due to refusal by Kasuga no Yamada no Himemiko.
Japanese: 宣化天皇が身罷った時に、先代安閑天皇の皇后であった春日山田皇女を中継ぎとして推薦したが、これは辞退されたためまだ若い欽明天皇が539年（宣化天皇4年12月5日）に即位した。
English: It was the moment Emperor Kinmei succeeded the enthronment to Imperial family, as being the son of Emperor Keitai (a collateral descendant) and Princess Tashiraka (direct descendant).
Japanese: ここに傍系の継体天皇と、直系の手白香皇女両名の血を引く天皇が誕生した。
English: Emperor Kinmei also selected Ishihime no Himemiko as his Empress, the daughter of Emperor Senka and Tachibana no Nakatsu Himemiko (the princess of Emperor Ninken), and he is also the father of Emperor Bidatsu, Emperor Yomei, Emperor Sushun, Emperor Suiko, and the grandfather of the Prince Umayado (Prince Shotoku) and Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko (the father of the Emperor Jomei and Chinu no Okimi (Load)).
Japanese: 欽明天皇もまた宣化天皇と橘仲皇女(仁賢天皇皇女)との間の娘である石姫皇女を皇后とし、敏達天皇を儲けたほか、用明天皇・崇峻天皇・推古天皇の父でもあり、厩戸皇子（聖徳太子）や押坂彦人大兄皇子（舒明天皇・茅渟王の父）の祖父でもある。
English: IIn addition, there is a theory in that after Emperor passed away the Imperial Court of the Emperor Ankan/Emperor Senka and the court of Emperor coexisted side by side or there was a domestic conflict (the details will be addressed later).
Japanese: なお、継体天皇の死後、安閑天皇・宣化天皇の朝廷と欽明天皇の朝廷が並立していた、あるいは内乱があったという説がある（詳細は後述）。
English: Although Emperor Kinmei assigned OTOMO no Kanamura and MONONOBE no Okoshi as Omuraji, and SOGA no Iname as Oomi, OTOMO no Kanamura lost his status of Omuraji in 540 and it was right after he was assigned that position.
Japanese: 大伴金村と物部尾輿を連（おおむらじ）とし、蘇我稲目を大臣(古代日本)（おおおみ）としたが、直後の540年（欽明天皇元年）大伴金村は失脚する。
English: With regards to relations with Soga clan, Emperor Kinmei selected Soga no Kitashihime and Soga no Oane no kimi (the daughters of SOGA no Iname) as his wives.
Japanese: 特に蘇我氏とは541年（欽明天皇2年）に稲目の娘である蘇我堅塩媛や蘇我小姉君を妃とした。
English: After the death of Emperor Bidatsu, Soga clan flourished as three children born (after Prince Tachibananotoyohi) between Emperor Kinmei and his wives took positions of Okimi (emperor) instead of Oshisaka no Hikohito no Oenomiko (prince) whose mother was officially a member of Imperial family; however, in those times accession to the throne was more common from brother to brother rather than from father to his son.
Japanese: 敏達天皇崩御後、彼女らの間に儲けた橘豊日皇子以降3人の弟・妹が、母親がれっきとした皇族である、甥の押坂彦人大兄皇子を差し置いて約40年大王（天皇）位につき、蘇我氏の全盛期が築かれる（ただ、当時は親子よりも兄弟の継承が一般的であった）。
English: Although there have been continuing discussions over rehabilitation of Mimana between Emperor Kinmei and Sho Myoo of Paekche (king, also known as Seong-wang in "History of Three Kingdoms") since 541, due to the dire war situation for Paekche, and they abandoned Pyongyang and Seoul Special City in 552 (538 in "History of Three Kingdoms").
Japanese: 百済の聖明王（『三国史記』では聖王、中国の正史では諱を明とすると書かれている）の間とは541年より任那の復興について協議していたが、戦況は百済側に不利であり、552年には平壌とソウル特別市を放棄した（『三国史記』によれば538年）。
English: Furethremore, after the death of Sho myoo during the battle with Silla in 554, the Silla army gained its momentum and Mimana fell in 562 (or 560).
Japanese: さらに554年（欽明天皇15年）に新羅との戦で、聖明王が亡くなると新羅軍は勢いづき、562年（もしくは560年)に任那を滅ぼしてしまう。
English: In 562, though the Emperor Kinmei sent punitive forces to Silla, they were trapped and forced to withdraw.
Japanese: 562年（欽明天皇23年）には、新羅に討伐軍を送るが、敵の罠にかかってしまい退却する。
English: (Also, the Silla History in "History of Three Kingdom" edited in the same year similarly describe that Silla sent the army to Gaya during Gaya rebellion, and astonished its enemies by waving white flags.)
Japanese: (同年の『三国史記』の新羅本紀にも伽耶が反乱を起こしたため、軍隊を送り、白旗を立てて敵を驚かせたという似た記述が見られる。)
English: Mimana is not just one country but an alliance composed of ten countries, according to "Chronicles of Japan".
Japanese: なお、任那は一つの国ではなく十国が集まった連合であるという記載が『日本書紀』にある。
English: Around this time Yamato Dynasty was losing its clout on Miman, and Silla was giving pressure against Mimana.
Japanese: ちょうどこのころは、大和朝廷が任那からの影響力を失い、新羅が任那を圧迫していた。
English: Due to these reasons as well as weakening of Paekche, it seems to be this period when Yamato Dynasty could not maintain its momentum and gave its influence areas to Silla.
Japanese: 百済の弱体化もあり、その勢力を維持できず新羅に勢力圏を明け渡した時期とも考えられる。
English: In 554, the Prince Osada no Nunakura no Futotamashiki (Emperor Bidatsu) succeeded to the throne as the first prince of Kinmei, Yatatamakatsu no Oenomiko, already had passed away in 552.
Japanese: 第一皇子の箭田珠勝大兄皇子はすでに552年に早世していたため、554年に立太子させた渟中倉太珠敷皇子（敏達天皇）が即位した。
English: As mentioned above, "Chronicles of Japan" suggests that Emperor Kinmei succeeded the enthronement after Emperor Senka, his older brother by a concubine, passed away.
Japanese: 前述通り『日本書紀』によれば、欽明天皇は庶兄・宣化天皇が崩御した後即位したとされている。
English: However, the calendar era of the book shows some contradictions with regard to the year of his enthronement; therefore, many theories relating to the accurate year have been presented.
Japanese: しかし、同書の紀年には幾つかの矛盾が見られ、それを解決するための議論がいくつか提示されてきた。
English: First, Takurei HIRAKO concluded that Emperor Keitai (Emperor Kinmei's father) died in 527 as written in Kojiki ("the Record of Ancient Matters"), and Emperor Ankan and Senka reigned as the Emperor for two years respectively.
Japanese: まず、平子鐸嶺は父の継体天皇の没年を『古事記』の527年（丁未年4月9日）とし、その後2年ずつ安閑・宣化が在位したとした。
English: Also, Hirako insisted that Emperor Kinmei succeeded the enthronement in 531 which was the year Emperor Keitai passed away as stated in "Chronicles of Japan".
Japanese: また、『日本書紀』での継体の没年（継体天皇廿五年春二月丁未）にあたる531年に欽明天皇が即位したと主張した。
English: On the other hand, Sadakichi KIDA agreed on the year of his enthronement as 531.
Japanese: これにたいして喜田貞吉は欽明の即位年は531年という点では同意した。