nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: When he was aged 5, his real father Sukeyasu KAWAZU was assassinated by a member of the family, Suketsune KUDO, and after that, he was brought up by the Soga clan, the feudal load of Soga-so Estate in Sagami Province (present Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture) and the family into which his mother remarried, and he came to use the name of Soga clan.
Japanese: 5歳の時、実父河津祐泰が1176年（安元2年）に一族の工藤祐経に暗殺され、その後母の再嫁先である相模国曾我荘（現在の神奈川県小田原市内）の領主曾我氏において養育され、曾我氏を称した。
English: In 1193, making use of the occasion of Fuji no Makigari (the hunting session at Mt. Fuji), in collaboration with his younger brother Tokimune, he killed Suketsune KUDO to avenge his father's death, but he was subjugated by Tadatsune NITA.
Japanese: 1193年（建久4年）富士の巻狩りが行われた際、弟時致とともに父の敵工藤祐経を殺害したが、仁田忠常に討たれた。
English: Tokimune SOGA (1174 - June 29, 1193) was a samurai, who lived during the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 曾我時致（そがときむね、承安(日本)4年（1174年）-建久4年5月29日(旧暦)（1193年6月29日））は、鎌倉時代初期の武士。
English: When he was aged 3, his real father Sukeyasu KAWAZU was assassinated by a member of the family, Suketsune KUDO, and after that, together with his older brother Sukenari he was brought up by the Soga clan, the feudal load of Soga-so Estate in Sagami Province (present Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture) and the family into which his mother remarried, and he came to use the name of Soga clan.
Japanese: 3歳の時、実父河津祐泰が1176年（安元2年）に一族の工藤祐経に暗殺され、その後母の再嫁先である相模国曾我荘（現在の神奈川県小田原市内）の領主曾我氏において兄祐成とともに養育され、曾我氏を称した。
English: In 1193, making use of Fuji no Makigari (the hunting session at Mt. Fuji), in collaboration with his older brother Sukenari, he killed Suketsune KUDO to avenge his father's death, but his brother was subjugated by Tadatsune NITA, and Tokimune, who attempted to attack the accommodation of Shogun MINAMOTO no Yoritomo, was arrested.
Japanese: 1193年（建久4年）富士の巻狩りが行われた際、兄祐成とともに父の敵工藤祐経を殺害し、兄は仁田忠常に討たれ、時致は将軍源頼朝の宿所を襲おうとしたが捕らえられた。
English: The next day, interrogated by Yoritomo, Tokimune told his sentiment that lead him to avenge his father's death, and Yoritomo once thought about saving Tokimune's life, however, on the request of Suketsune's bereaved child, Tokimune was executed.
Japanese: 翌日、頼朝の取調べを受けた際、仇討ちに至った心情を述べて頼朝は助命を考えたが、祐経の遺児の要望により処刑された。
English: Toshitada IJUIN (year of birth and death unknown) was a person born in Satsuma Province and lived during the mid Kamakura period.
Japanese: 伊集院俊忠（いじゅういんとしただ、生没年不詳）は鎌倉時代中期、薩摩国の人。
English: According to one theory, his family began using the name 'Ijuin,' when his son Hisakane IJUIN took the family reign, and it is said that Toshitada himself was using the family name 'Shimazu.'
Japanese: 伊集院氏と称したのは子の伊集院久兼からで、俊忠は島津姓であったとも言われている。
English: Tadakuni IJUIN (date of birth and death unknown) is a person of Satsuma Province from the end of Kamakura period to the early Muromachi period.
Japanese: 伊集院忠国（いじゅういんただくに、生没年不詳）は、鎌倉時代末期から室町時代前期の薩摩国の人。
English: His sons and daughters includes Hisauji Ijuin (the sixth family head), a daughter (a wife of Ujihisa SHIMAZU), Nanchu Keishu (the founder of Taiteizan Kozai-ji Temple) and Sekioku Shinryo (the founder of Gakkozan Taiun-ji Temple).
Japanese: 子に伊集院久氏（6代）、女（島津氏久の室）、南仲景周（泰定山広済寺開山者）、石屋真梁（月光山泰雲寺開山者）。
English: When the disturbance of Northern and Southern Court began, he supported Takauji ASHIKAGA along with Sadahisa SHIMAZU, the fifth family head of the Shimazu Soke family, in the beginning.
Japanese: 南北朝時代(日本)の乱が起きると、当初は島津宗家5代当主の島津貞久とともに足利尊氏に協力していた。
English: When Takauji ASHIKAGA was defeated by the Southern Court and escaped to Kyushu, he went to the battlefield of Kita Kyushu in response to Sadahisa's invitation to defeat the Kikuchi clan, a local ruling family in Chikugo Province supporting the Southern Court.
Japanese: 足利尊氏が南朝(日本)に敗れ九州に落ち延びると、貞久の招きに応じて北九州に出陣し、筑後国の南朝方豪族・菊池氏を討つ。
English: Tadakuni, who returned to Satsuma, belonged the Southern Court and raised an army at his own castle, Ichiuji-jo Castle, just after Imperial Prince Kaneyoshi (the ninth son of Emperor Godaigo) was appointed as Seisei Shogun (literally, "great general who subdues the western barbarians") and Yasusue SANJO, a court noble of the Southern Court, arrived at Satsuma as advance agent in 1337.
Japanese: 薩摩に戻った忠国だったが、延元2/建武(日本)4年（1337年）、懐良親王（後醍醐天皇の九男）が征西将軍に任命され、先遣として南朝方公家の三条泰季が薩摩へ到着するや、南朝方に属して居城の一宇治城で挙兵する。
English: There was a lot of local ruling families belonged to the Southern Court, but Tadakuni was the only one person among the Simazu clan who belonged to the Southern Court.
Japanese: 南朝方に属した薩摩の豪族は多かったが、島津一族の中で忠国は唯一南朝方に属した人物であった。
English: In August of the same year, the Southern Court including Tadakuni invaded Izaku to fight against the Northern Court let by Hisanaga SHIMAZU of the Izaku family, but it was indecisive.
Japanese: 同年7月、忠国ら南朝方は伊作へ侵攻、伊作家島津久長の率いる北朝(日本)方と交戦するも勝敗は決しなかった。
English: Sadahisa, who was fighting in Kyoto at the time, found the crisis of his main domain and ordered his first son of concubine Yorihisa KAWAKAMI and Hisanaga's son Munehisa SHIMAZU to return to the domain to attack the Soutnern Court.
Japanese: 当時京都で戦っていた貞久は本領の危機を知り長庶子の川上頼久・久長の子である島津宗久を急ぎ帰国させ、南朝方討伐に向かわせる。
English: Tadakuni raised an army to save Ishiku no in, but abandoned the castle two month later.
Japanese: 忠国は市来院を救うため出陣するも、2か月後には城を放棄することになる。
English: After the fall of Ichiku no in-jo Castle, Tadakuni supported kaneshige KIMOTSUKI of Osumi Province along with local ruling families of the Southern Court to fight against the Northern Court in Nansatsu region.
Japanese: 市来院城の陥落後、忠国は南朝方の豪族とともに大隅国の肝付兼重を援護、南薩地方で北朝方と戦う。
English: In 1338, Tadakuni commanded 如厳 MURATA of a busho (commanding officer) to attack the load of Kiirein, Sanetada IZUMI (a younger brother of Sadahisa SHIMAZU).
Japanese: 延元3/暦応元年（1338年）、忠国は部将の村田如厳に命じ、給黎院（きいれいん）領主の和泉実忠（島津貞久の弟）を攻撃させる。
English: Although 如厳 MURATA captured two castles of Kiirein and besieged Ikariyama-jo Castle, the castle of the Shimazu head family, he lifted the siege three months later because of stiff resistance.
Japanese: 村田如厳は給黎院の2城を落とし薩摩へ侵攻、島津本家の居城である碇山城を包囲するも、激しい抵抗にあい3か月後に包囲を解いている。
English: In 1340, when Sadahisa SHIMAZU returned to the domain and attacked the Southern Court, Tadakuni escaped from Ichiuji-jo Castle to hirajiro (castles built on the level ground).
Japanese: 興国元/暦応3年（1340年）、島津貞久が帰国して南朝方を攻撃すると、忠国は一宇治城を放棄し平城へ逃亡。
English: As the castles of the Southern Court in Kagoshima were falling one after another, Tadakuni tried to regain the power and recaptured castles in Kagoshima along with Kaneshige KIMOTSUKI when Sadahisa left from Kagoshima.
Japanese: 鹿児島の南朝方の城が次々と陥落する中、忠国は勢力の建て直しを計り、貞久が鹿児島を離れると肝属兼重とともに鹿児島の城を奪回する。
English: In 1342, When Imperial Prince Kaneyoshi arrived at Satsuma, the Southern Court of Satsuma and Osumi including Tadakuni got together in Taniyama-jo Castle where the Imperial Prince stayed.
Japanese: 興国3/康永元年（1342年）、懐良親王が薩摩に到着すると、忠国はじめ薩摩・大隅の南朝勢力は親王が居城とした谷山城に集まる。
English: Sadahisa rapidly attacked Taniyama-jo Castle but he was defeated, and the ascendancy of the Southern Court such as the injury of Sadahisa's son, Ujihisa, continued.
Japanese: 貞久は急ぎ谷山城を攻めるも敗退、貞久の子・氏久も負傷するなど南朝方優位の状態が続く。
English: Tadakuni took control of Matsuo-jo Castle in Koriyama and put the areas south of Koriyama under the control of the Southern Court in 1350.
Japanese: 忠国は観応元/正平(日本)5年（1350年）には郡山の松尾城を陥落させ、郡山以南の地を南朝方の支配下に組み込んでいる。
English: There is little achievement after the occupation of Koriyama, and subsequent detail is unknown.
Japanese: 郡山攻略後の忠国の事跡はあまり残っておらず、以後の詳細は不明である。
English: However, it seems that he supported the Shimazu Soke family in this period because of the things: Sadahisa and Ujihisa surrendered to the Southern Court in 1351 and after that Hisauji, a son of Tadakuni, followed Ujihisa to attack the Hatakeyama clan of the Southern Court (the Simazu clan repeated subordination and estrangement according to the situation); a daughter of Tagakuni is a wife of Ujihisa.
Japanese: しかし観応2/正平6年（1351年）、貞久・氏久が南朝方に降伏、その後忠国の子・久氏は氏久に従い南朝方の畠山氏を攻撃している（島津氏は状況をみて帰属・離反を繰り返していた）ことや忠国の娘が氏久の室であることからも、この時期には島津宗家に協力していたと考えられる。
English: Tadakuni, who opposed to the Shimiazu Soke family, was described as 'vicious clique' or 'bandit' in "the archives of the House of Shimazu", but after the Meiji period he was given the rank of Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) for his loyalty to the Southern Court.
Japanese: 島津宗家と対立していた忠国は『島津家文書』などで「兇徒」「賊徒」などと記されているが、明治になって南朝への忠勤が認められ、従三位の位が贈られている。
English: Joan ENDO (1836 - the year of death unknown) was a soldier of the Mibu-Roshigumi.
Japanese: 遠藤丈庵（えんどうじょうあん、天保7年（1836年）-没年不詳）は壬生浪士組の同士。
English: In Kyoto, he did not belong to the Serizawa group (including Nishiki NIMI and Goro HIRAYAMA) or the Shieikan group (a group led by Isami KONDO, including Toshizo HIJIKATA and Soji OKITA), but belonged to the Tonouchi-Iesato group (including Negishi and Goichi SHIMIZU).
Japanese: 残留後は、芹沢一派（新見錦、平山五郎など）や試衛館一派（近藤勇中心。土方歳三・沖田総司など）には属さず、殿内・家里一派（根岸、清水吾一など）に属した。
English: After returning to Edo, he joined the Shinchogumi (Tokugawa Shogunate guard organization), but left it on October 24, 1863 because all the members were appointed as Kobushinkata Igamono (generic name of local samurai in Iga Province) Jiseki (associate Igamono Kobushinkata).
Japanese: 江戸に戻った後、新徴組に入隊したが、同年9月12日に総員小普請方伊賀者次席に召抱えられたため脱退。
English: Oden TAKAHASHI (1848 - January 31, 1879) was a woman who became a model of the character that appears in 'Takahashi Oden Yasha Monogatari' (Story of Yasha [a Buddhist guardian deity sometimes depicted as a demonic warrior] Oden TAKAHASHI) by Robun KANAGAKI
Japanese: 高橋お伝（たかはしおでん、嘉永元年（1848年）-明治12年（1879年）1月31日）は仮名垣魯文の「高橋阿伝夜叉譚」のモデルとなった女性である。
English: 1848: Soon after the birth, she was adopted (according to one theory, her year of birth was 1850 and to the other, 1852).
Japanese: 1848年　誕生、生後すぐに養子に出される（生年を1850年・1852年とする説もある）。
English: Although she was said to have poisoned the husband, in reality she dedicated herself to take care of her husband, and this account was nothing but dramatized to make the image of 'evil woman' prevalent at the time.
Japanese: 毒殺などと言われるが実際には彼女は看病しており、当時の「毒婦物」の流行の為に脚色されたに過ぎない。
English: August 27, 1876: She killed an antique dealer, Kichizo GOTO, for money in Asakusa Kuramae, Tokyo.
Japanese: 1876年8月27日　東京・浅草蔵前で金を目的に古物商後藤吉蔵を殺害。
English: She was beheaded by Asaemon YAMADA, the eighth, as the last female criminal commanded to death by decapitation in Japan.
Japanese: 8代目山田浅右衛門により、日本における女性死刑囚最後の斬首刑に処された。
English: Her graveyard is in the Yanaka Cemetery, however, her grave is also found in Kozukapparaekoin Temple and the gravestone is located next to the six outstanding figures collectively called Tenpo Rokkasen (outstanding persons in the Tenpo era), Nezumi Kozo (a famous thief who lived during the Edo period), and Ude no Kisaburo (a chivalrous person who lived in the Edo period).
Japanese: 墓所は谷中霊園、なお、墓は、小塚原回向院にも、天保六花撰・鼠小僧・腕の喜三郎の墓に隣接して墓石が置かれている。
English: The body of Den (Oden) was autopsied by the Daigo (fifth) Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, and a part of it, is still preserved in the reference room of the Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
Japanese: 伝の遺体は警視庁第五病院で解剖されて、その一部は現在東京大学法医学部の参考室に保存されている。
English: Her grave has a reputation that if someone pays a visit, his or her skill of shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese banjo) will be improved, and accordingly, a considerable number of people who are learning shamisen visit her grave even today, after a certain period of time since the death of Den (Oden).
Japanese: 伝の墓に参ると三味線が上達するという評判があり、三味線を習う者の墓参が伝逝去後の現在もかなりあるといわれる。
English: Tankai (1099 - 1174) was a shaso (priest who belonged to) Kumano-hongu-taisha Shrine and the 18th Kumano betto (title of an official who administered the shrines at Kumano) in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 湛快（たんかい、康和元年（1099年）-承安(日本)4年（1174年））は、平安時代後期の熊野本宮大社の社僧で18代熊野別当。
English: In 1146 he was appointed the 18th Kumano Betto after serving as an official of the Hongu shrine, shuri betto (priest in charge of repairs) and Gon-betto (Deputy Betto).
Japanese: 本宮在庁・修理別当・権別当職などをへて、1146年（久安2年）18代熊野別当に任じられた。
English: While he served at the Kumano Hongu shrine, he founded a betsugu (shrine associated with the main shrine) named Imakumano-sha Shrine (present Tokei-jinja Shrine), thereby gaining ground to advance into Hidaka-gun.
Japanese: 湛快は熊野本宮にあって田辺に進出し別宮として新熊野社（現在の闘雞神社）を設け、日高郡進出の足がかりをつかんだ。
English: When the Heiji War broke out in 1159, he provided 7 armors, bows and arrows for TAIRA no Kiyomori and his followers who happened to stay in Nitagawa no Yado (also known as Tanobe no Yado) to make pilgrimage to Kumano.
Japanese: 1159年（平治元年）に平治の乱が起こった際、ちょうど二タガワノ宿（タノベノ宿の別名）に滞在していた熊野参詣中の平清盛らに対し鎧7領と弓矢を提供した。
English: He had a daughter who had been married to Gyokai, a master of the bow and arrow, heir of the Shingu betto family (and MINAMOTO no Tameyoshi's grandson by his married out daughter) and who had borne him two sons (Jinkai and Rinkai).
Japanese: また、新宮別当家の後継者の1人である弓矢の達人・行快（源為義の外孫）に嫁して2人の息子（尋快・琳快）を儲けていた自分の娘がいた。
English: In 1173, Tankai retired from Betto shoku (the office of head administrator) in favor of Gon-betto Yukinori (lord of the Shingu betto family).
Japanese: 1173年（承安(日本)3年）、湛快は別当職を権別当の行範（新宮別当家当主）に譲って隠居。
English: In 753, he guided Ganjin, who came to Japan from Tang, to Dazaifu, Kyushu, and served as an interpreter for Ganjin when this reverend priest went to Kyoto in the following year 754.
Japanese: 753年（天平勝宝5年）唐から渡来した鑑真を大宰府に案内し、翌754年（天平勝宝6年）鑑真が入京した際には訳語（おさ＝通訳）をつとめた。
English: According to a document stored in the Shoso-in Treasure Repository, Enkei lent "Kegon-kyo" (Avatamsaka Sutra) in 755 and "Matoga-kyo" (Mātaṅgī-sūtra) in 756 to the Sutra Copying Office of Todai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 正倉院文書によれば、東大寺写経所に755年（天平勝宝7年）に「華厳経」を、翌756年（天平勝宝8年）には「摩登伽経」を貸し出している。
English: In 758, he rejected the awarding of a court rank Ge-jugoinoge (Jugoinoge [Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade] given to persons outside Kyoto) because of his being a priest, but ikuro (stipends paid to people who were in the fourth rank and the fifth rank) and iden (fields given according to the court rank) were not confiscated due to the Imperial command.
Japanese: 758年（天平宝字2年）僧であることを理由に外従五位下の爵位を辞したが、勅命により位禄・位田は没収されなかった。
English: Shinsho (Shinjo) was a Buddhist priest of the Kegonshu sect in the Nara period.
Japanese: 審祥（しんしょう・しんじょう、生没年不詳）は、奈良時代の華厳宗の僧。
English: It is presumed that Shinsho went to Tang Dynasty China and learned Kegon (the thought that virtues are correctly provided due to training and performing acts of charity) from Hozo, but since he called himself a student of Silla, another theory was that he learned Kegon Doctrine in Silla.
Japanese: 唐に渡って法蔵から華厳を学んだとされるが、新羅学生と名乗っていることから新羅で華厳教学を学んだとする説もある。
English: He served as a lecturer in the lecture of Kegon-kyo (Avatamsaka Sutra), which was started by Roben at Konshu-ji Temple in 740, for three years.
Japanese: 740年（天平12年）良弁が金鐘寺で始めた華厳経の講説では3年間講師をつとめた。
English: Shinsho owned many sutras in those days and frequently lent them to sutra copying offices.
Japanese: 当時において有数の経論の所蔵者で写経所に対して頻繁に経論を貸し出していたようである。
English: In 644, when the Prince NAKA no Oe (who later became the Emperor Tenchi) got engaged to the daughter of SOGA no Ishikawamaro, the elder brother of Himuka, he snatched her on the night.
Japanese: 644年（皇極天皇3年）天智天皇（後の天智天皇）と日向の兄蘇我石川麻呂の娘が婚約した夜にその娘と密通した。
English: In 649, Himuka made a false accusation about Ishikawamaro's conspiracy to murder the Prince NAKA no Oe and led a punitive force.
Japanese: 649年（大化5年）日向は「石川麻呂が中大兄皇子を殺害しようとした」と讒言、軍を率いて石川麻呂を追討した。
English: Ishiwakamaro's innocence later became apparent, and the Prince NAKA no Oe assigned Himuka to Dazai no Sochi (the administrator) of Tsukushi Province, but it was widely called as Kakushi Nagashi, which literally means 'a false relegation'.
Japanese: その後石川麻呂の無実が明らかとなり、中大兄皇子は日向を筑紫国の大宰帥としたが、世間ではこれを隠流し（かくしながし）と評したという。
English: While they wanted to pretend Himuka was charged of the incident and relegated to Tsukushi, it was nothing but an extraordinary promotion that somebody with obscurity and no rank was assigned to Dazai no Sochi which had an important role in diplomacy.
Japanese: つまり、その罪を問われて左遷させられた、とでもいいたいのであろうが、日向臣という無名の冠位もない人間が、太宰帥という外交上のおいても重要な地位をしめる要職についたというのは、むしろ異例の栄転であった。
English: Therefore, those excuses from the Prince NAKA no Oe and "Shoki" (the Chronicle) are not convincing at all.
Japanese: したがって、この中大兄皇子や『書記』の言い訳は、全く説得力をもたないのである。
English: Ryozo SHUKUIN (circa 1821 - January 30, 1868) was a common member of the Miburoshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group, which was the forerunner of the Shinsengumi) and the Shinsengumi (literally, the newly selected corps, referring to a special police force for the Tokugawa regime).
Japanese: 宿院良蔵（しゅくいんりょうぞう、文政4年（1821年）頃？-慶応4年1月6日(旧暦)（1868年1月30日））は、壬生浪士組及び、新選組平隊士。
English: Generally, Ryozo has been famous for participating in the Ikedaya Incident, and although it is unclear when he joined the Shinsengumi, yet he participated in the Palace Coup of August 18 which occurred on September 30, 1863, thus making it possible to infer that he had been a member since the time of the Miburoshigumi which was the forerunner of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 一般的には池田屋事件に参戦した隊士として有名で、入隊時期に関しては、正確には不明なものの、文久3年（1863年9月30日）に起きた八月十八日の政変に参加している事から、それ以前、つまり、新選組の前身・壬生浪士組の頃からの隊士である。
English: In the Ikedaya Incident taking place in July 8, 1864, Ryozo was a troop of Toshizo HIJIKATA's unit, taking charge of defense outside of the Ikedaya.
Japanese: 元治元年6月5日（1864年7月8日）の池田屋事件では土方歳三隊に属し、屋外の守備を担当。
English: When Takehachiro KAZURAYAMA committed hara-kiri in October, 1864, Ryozo and Sanjuro TANI visited Koen-ji Temple as Tanomikoshibito (who were in charge of requesting burial of the deceased after hara-kiri and/or carrying the body of the deceased after hara-kiri) for Takehachiro.
Japanese: 同年9月(1864年10月）の葛山武八郎の切腹に際しては、谷三十郎と共に、頼越人となって光縁寺を訪れている。
English: Further, in December, 1864, or in January, 1865, the Shinsengumi structured its organization and Ryozo was assigned to the third unit ('Sanbangumi' in Japanese) led by Genzaburo INOUE.
Japanese: さらに同年12月（1864年12月～1865年1月）の組織編成では、井上源三郎の三番組に属している。
English: Ryozo's name appeared as a Hira doshi (regimental soldier) in a record of the Shinsengumi which was formally employed as a group of mercenaries by the Tokugawa bakufu on July 11, 1867.
Japanese: 慶応3年6月10日（1867年7月11日）の幕府召抱えでは平同士として名を連ねている。
English: Ryozo fought the Battle of Toba-Fushimi which was known as the first siege of the Boshin Civil War commencing on January 27, 1868, and was eventually killed in the Battle of Hashimoto on January 30th.
Japanese: 慶応4年1月3日（1868年1月27日）から始まった戊辰戦争第一の役鳥羽・伏見の戦いを経て、1月6日（1月30日）に橋本の戦いで戦死。
English: Eikichi WAKATA (February 2, 1851 - June 18, 1919) was a troop of the first squad ('ichibuntai' in Japanese) of the Hakodate Shinsengumi (the Shinsengumi in Hakodate, where the Shinsengumi which literally meant the newly selected corps referred to a special police force for the Tokugawa regime).
Japanese: 若田栄吉（わかたえいきち、嘉永4年1月2日(旧暦)（1851年2月2日）-大正8年（1919年）6月18日）は箱館新選組壱分隊隊士。
English: Shogen IEKI (years of birth and death unknown) was a member of the Miburoshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group) which was the forerunner of the Shinsengumi (literally, the newly selected corps, referring to a special police force for the Tokugawa regime).
Japanese: 家木将監（いえきしょうげん、生没年不詳）は新選組の前身、壬生浪士組の隊士である。
English: Shogen joined the Miburoshigumi in around June or July, 1863, as his name appeared in a 'List of Signers for Official Documents Submitted to the Shogunate' ('Bakufu Teishutsu Josho Shomeisha Ichiran' in Japanese) which was dated July 10, 1863.
Japanese: 文久三年五月頃（1863年6月～7月）に入隊し、同月二十五日（1863年7月10日）の「幕府提出上書署名者一覧」に名前がある。
English: However, judging from the fact that Shogen's name was not included in a 'List of Active-Duty Troops' which was created in August or September, 1863, he supposedly retired somewhere before then.
Japanese: しかし、同年七月（1863年8月～9月）の「在隊者リスト」には名前がないことからそれ以前に離隊したものと考えられる。
English: Eiji (year of birth unknown - March 31, 623) was a Korean priest who came across the sea from Goguryeo to Japan in the Asuka period.
Japanese: 慧慈（えじ、生年不詳-推古天皇31年2月22日(旧暦)（623年3月31日））は、飛鳥時代に高句麗から渡来した僧。
English: He spread Buddhism over Japan and when Hokoji Temple (built by SOGA no Zentoko, now known as Asukadera Temple Angoin) was completed in 596, he lived together with Eso, a priest from Baekje, and they were called as the Toryo (leader) of Sampo (three 3 treasures of Buddhism).
Japanese: 仏教を日本に広め、推古天皇4年（596年）法興寺（蘇我善德が寺司、現在の飛鳥寺安居院）が完成すると百済の僧慧聡（えそう）と住し、ともに三宝の棟梁と称された。
English: In 615, he went back to Goguryeo with Sankyogisho, commentaries for Buddhiest scriptures such as Hokkekyo Sutra, Shomangyo and Yuimagyo written by Prince Umayado.
Japanese: 推古天皇23年（615年）、厩戸皇子が著した仏教経典（法華経・勝鬘経・維摩経）の注釈書三経義疏を携えて高句麗へ帰国した。
English: Eiji was deeply sorrowed to hear about the death of Prince Umayado on April 8, 622 and promised he would reunion with the Prince in the Heaven on the same day of the next year, and passed away as stated.
Japanese: 推古天皇30年2月22日（622年4月8日）に厩戸皇子が没したという訃報を聞いて大いに悲しみ、自らも推古天皇31年（623年）の同じ日に浄土で厩戸皇子と会うことを誓約して、言葉どおりに没したという。
English: When Hoko-ji Temple (SOGA no Zentoku was the chief priest and it is now known as Asuka-dera Temple Ango-in) was built in 596, Eso lived there with Eji who came from Goguryeo and was addressed as one of the leaders of Three Treasures of Buddhism.
Japanese: 推古天皇4年（596年）に法興寺（蘇我善德が寺司、現在の飛鳥寺安居院）が完成すると、高句麗から渡来した恵慈と住し、ともに三宝の棟梁と称された。
English: According to "Sangoku Buppo Denzu Engi", Eso was a scholar as well as a priest of the Sanron Sect (one of the Nanto Rokushu) and taught Buddhism to Prince Umayado.
Japanese: 『三國佛法傳通縁起』によれば、三論宗（南都六宗の一つ）の学僧で厩戸皇子の仏教の師となったという。
English: In 625, the king of Goguryeo sent Ekan to Japan and he spread the teachings of Sanron Sect and had the imperial order to live in the Ganko-ji Temple.
Japanese: 625年（推古33年）高句麗王の貢上により来日し、三論宗を伝え、勅命により元興寺に住した。
English: One view states that he became the highest ranked monk by preaching the Three Shastras when people suffered from drought in the summer of that year, whereas others believe it was Emperor Kotoku who offered him the position.
Japanese: 同じ年の夏は旱魃となり、その際、三論を講じて僧正に任じられたというが、一説によれば孝徳天皇のときに僧正に任じられたともいう。
English: Then Teachings were passed on to Doji who moved to China and learned the San-lun Teachings and lived in Daian-ji Temple after he came back.
Japanese: その後、道慈に受け継がれ、道慈は入唐し、三論教学を学び、大安寺に住した。
English: FUJIWARA no Sukeie (year of birth and death unknown) was a person who lived in the Heian period and he belonged to the family of Michinaga's line of the Northern branch of the Fujiwara clan.
Japanese: 藤原資家（ふじわらのすけいえ、生没年不詳）は、平安時代の人物で、藤原北家道長流の一族。
English: He was granted the Nasu county in the Shimotsuke Province (present Tochigi Prefecture) as a reward when he defeated the rebels in Mt. Yamizo in the Shirakawa county, Oshu (Mutsu Province); accordingly he left the capital and went to the Nasu county.
Japanese: 奥州白河郡八溝山の賊を討った功により、下野国那須郡を賜り、同地に下向。
English: Harutaka YAMADA (years of birth and death unknown) was a member of the Miburoshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group) which was the forerunner of the Shinsengumi (literally, the newly selected corps, referring to a special police force for the Tokugawa regime).
Japanese: 山田春隆（やまだはるたか、生没年不詳）は新選組の前身、壬生浪士組の隊士である。
English: Harutaka's name appeared in a 'List of Signers for Official Documents Submitted to the Shogunate' ('Bakufu Teishutsu Josho Shomeisha Ichiran' in Japanese) which was dated July 10, 1863, but his name was not included in a 'List of Active-Duty Troops' which was created in August or September, 1863.
Japanese: 同月二十五日（1863年7月10日）の「幕府提出上書署名者一覧」には名前があるものの、同年七月（1863年8月～9月）の「在隊者リスト」には名前がない。
English: Takumi HOSOKAWA (years of birth and death unknown) was a member of the Miburoshigumi (Mibu masterless warriors group) which was the forerunner of the Shinsengumi (literally, the newly selected corps, referring to a special police force for the Tokugawa regime).
Japanese: 細川内匠（ほそかわたくみ、生没年不詳）は新選組の前身、壬生浪士組の隊士である。
English: Takumi joined the Miburoshigumi in around June or July, 1863, as his name appeared in a 'List of Signers for Official Documents Submitted to the Shogunate' ('Bakufu Teishutsu Josho Shomeisha Ichiran' in Japanese) which was dated July 10, 1863.
Japanese: 文久三年五月頃（1863年6月～7月）に入隊し、同月二十五日（1863年7月10日）の「幕府提出上書署名者一覧」に名前がある。
English: However, judging from the fact that Takumi's name was not included in a 'List of Active-Duty Troops' which was created in August or September, 1863, he supposedly retired somewhere before then.
Japanese: しかし、同年七月（1863年8月～9月）の「在隊者リスト」には名前がないことからそれ以前に離隊したものと考えられる。