nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: (In ancient times, however, Saio did not necessarily exist under the reigns of all the successive emperors.)
Japanese: （ただし古代においては、斎王は必ずしも歴代天皇すべての御世に置かれたわけではない。）
English: A theory holds that Emperor Tenmu presented his own imperial princess to the Ise-jingu Shrine as gratitude for victory in the Jinshin War.
Japanese: 一説には天武天皇が壬申の乱の戦勝祈願の礼として伊勢神宮に自らの皇女を捧げたといわれる。
English: Since then, mainly every time the Emperor was succeeded, a new Saio was chosen and set out on a journey from the capital to Ise.
Japanese: これ以後、主に天皇の代替わりごとに新しい斎王が選ばれて都から伊勢へと旅立った。
English: In this connection, there is a theory which argues that any Saigu before Sukatehime is a complete invention of later generations on the basis of the three points below.
Japanese: なお、下記のの三点から、酢香手姫以前の斎宮は後世の虚構とする説がある。
English: In the "Fusoryakuki" (A Brief History of Japan), there is an account stating that Oku no Himemiko was appointed as Saigu for the first time during the period of Emperor Tenmu.
Japanese: 『扶桑略記』には天武天皇の時に初めて大来皇女を斎宮を置いたという旨の記事があること。
English: And Wakatarashihime, Sukaku no Himemiko, Iwakuma no Himemiko, Uji no Himemiko, and Sukatehime no Himemiko did not come to Ise.
Japanese: そして、稚足姫・荳角皇女・磐隈皇女・菟道皇女・酢香手姫皇女が伊勢に来ていないこと。
English: Once the last Saigu ends her mission, candidates are picked out among unmarried imperial princesses and princesses (of the Imperial Family).
Japanese: 先代の斎宮が退下すると、未婚の内親王または女王(皇族)の中から候補者を選び出す。
English: And a new Saigu is chosen by fortune-telling called Kiboku (divination that interprets the fissure that appears after toasting the turtle shell in the fire.
Japanese: そして、亀卜（亀の甲を火で焙りひびで判断する卜占）により吉凶を占って新たな斎宮を定める。
English: Once a new Saigu is selected, Chokushi (an Imperial envoy) comes to her residence to inform her that she was chosen by Bokujo.
Japanese: 新斎宮が決定すると、邸に勅使が訪れて斎宮卜定（ぼくじょう）を告げる。
English: Unique taboo words were used, for example 'die=>recover,' 'blood=>sweat,' 'the Buddha=>Nakago' (the center), 'a sutra=>dyed paper,' and 'a monk=>a long hair.'
Japanese: 例えば「死ぬ→なおる」「血→汗」「仏→中子（なかご）」「経→染紙（そめがみ）」「僧→髪長」というように、独特の忌み言葉を使用した。
English: It is Densha that is temporality built for Saigu in a pure location outside the capital (which was mainly Sagano since the Heian period) determined by fortune-telling.
Japanese: 野宮は京外の清浄な地（平安時代以降は主に嵯峨野）を卜定し、斎宮のために一時的に造営される殿舎である。
English: (Therefore, it is not accurately known today in which parts of Sagano there were Nonomiya.)
Japanese: （故に現在では、嵯峨野のどのあたりに野宮が存在したのか、正確な位置は判っていない。）
English: Saigu prepared for leaving the capital and going down to Ise until next September, living a purification life in Nonomiya immediately after Shosaiin.
Japanese: 斎宮は初斎院に引き続き、この野宮で斎戒生活を送りながら翌年9月まで伊勢下向に備えた。
English: In the "Genji Monogatari" (The Tale of Genji), a daughter of Rokujo no Miyasudokoro and former Togu (the Crown Prince) (who later became Empress Akikonomu) was selected as Saigu in the book of 'Aoi (of Genji Monogatari).'
Japanese: 『源氏物語』では六条御息所と前東宮の娘（後の秋好中宮）が「葵(源氏物語)」帖で斎宮となった。
English: Afterward, she enters Daigokuden (the main building of the Imperial Palace) inside the Imperial Court, where the Emperor is waiting, and attends the ceremony of departure, 'Hakken no Gi.'
Japanese: その後、天皇の待つ宮中大極殿に入り、出立の儀式「発遣の儀（はっけんのぎ）」に臨む。
English: Different from common official courtesies, the Emperor sits in the seat prepared on the floor in white clothing and looks to the east in this occasion.
Japanese: この時天皇は一般の公式儀礼とは異なり、白装束で床に座を設けて東を向く。
English: And he tells her not to 'betake herself to the direction of the capital' so as to pray for the everlasting prosperity of his reign.
Japanese: そして、御世の末長い栄えを願う意味で「都の方におもむきたもうな」と告げる。
English: (When the Emperor cannot attend the ceremony because of Monoimi [confinement to his residence on an unlucky day] and so on, Sessho [a regent] or Kanpaku [the chief adviser to the Emperor] performs the ceremony on his behalf.)
Japanese: （天皇が物忌などで儀式に出られない場合は、摂政・関白が代理で行う。）
English: It was a rule that neither Saigu nor the Emperor could ever look around when leaving Daigokuden after finishing the ceremony.
Japanese: そして、儀式を終えて大極殿を出る時、斎宮も天皇も決して振り返ってはならない決まりであった。
English: In this connection, the oldest example that is recorded in historical material today is the record relating to the event of Princess Kishi (who later became Saigu no Nyogo) in 938.
Japanese: なお、現在史料に残る最古の例は天慶元年（938年）、徽子女王（後の斎宮女御）の時の記録である。
English: However, according to the "Honcho Seiki" (Chronicle of Imperial Reigns), it was modeled on the example of Saigu Imperial Princess Tenshi of 861.
Japanese: だが、『本朝世紀』によるとこの時は貞観_(日本)3年（861年）の斎宮恬子内親王の例に倣ったとされる。
English: After Hakken no Gi is over, Saigu gets into Sokaren (a special palanquin only the Emperor and the Empress can usually ride) and at last departs for Ise.
Japanese: 発遣の儀の後、斎宮は葱華輦（通常は天皇・皇后だけしか乗れない特別な輿）に乗り、いよいよ伊勢へ出発する。
English: A large procession was formed by a company of almost five-hundred people including Saigu, Chobusoshi (an Imperial envoy who escorts her to Ise), Kannin (public officials), Kanjo (court ladies), etc.
Japanese: 一行は斎宮以下長奉送使（斎宮を伊勢まで送り届ける勅使）を始め、官人・官女以下およそ五百人に及ぶ大行列であった。
English: The party takes a trip of six days and five nights - during which it repeatedly performs a purification ceremony in each of five Tongu (improvised palaces), namely, Seta (where the comb that was put at Hakken no Gi is removed), Koka, Tarumi, Suzuka, and Ichishi - to arrive at Ise from Heian-kyo Capital.
Japanese: そして、平安京から勢多（ここで発遣の儀の時に挿した櫛を外す）、甲賀、垂水、鈴鹿、一志の五つの頓宮で禊を重ねながら、五泊六日の旅程で伊勢に到着する。
English: FUJIWARA no Sukefusa, who accompanied Saigu Imperial Princess Ryoshi when she went down to Ise in 1038, recorded the journey to Ise at full length in his diary "Shunki" (Spring Journal).
Japanese: 長暦2年（1038年）の斎宮良子内親王の伊勢下向の際、同行した藤原資房がその日記『春記』に伊勢までの道程を詳しく記録している。
English: However, the remains of Tarumi Saio Tongu in Tsuchiyama-cho, Koka City, Shiga Prefecture - one of the places where Tongu reportedly existed - are designated as a national historic site.
Japanese: しかし、伝承地の一つである滋賀県甲賀市土山町の垂水斎王頓宮跡は国の史跡に指定されている。
English: The home of Saigu in Ise was Saiguryo that was about twenty kilometers away from the Ise-jingu Shrine (the present Meiwa-cho, Taki County, Mie Prefecture).
Japanese: 伊勢での斎宮の生活の地は、伊勢神宮から約20キロ離れた斎宮寮（現在の三重県多気郡明和町(三重県)）であった。
English: She went to Ise-jingu Shrine and gave her service to the Shinto ritual three times a year, only for the Sansetsu-sai Festival, namely Tsukinami no Matsuri Festival in June, Kanname-sai Festival in September, and Tsukinami no Matsuri Festival in December.
Japanese: そして、年に三度、6月の月次祭、9月の神嘗祭、12月の月次祭の「三節祭」に限って神宮へ赴き神事に奉仕した。
English: It was a large scale construction with grid blocks forming a line in a plot, which had more than 137 hectares.
Japanese: 137ヘクタールあまりの敷地に碁盤目状の区画が並ぶ大規模なものであった。
English: Saio attends the second day of the Sansetsu-sai Festival, which is held on the sixteenth and the seventeenth in the Inner Shrine of Ise and the fifteenth and the sixteenth in the Outer Shrine of Ise.
Japanese: 斎王は内宮は16・17日、外宮は15・16日に行われる三節祭の二日目に参加する。
English: Heihaku (offerings) are distributed to the shrines that are inside the Shingun (special districts born as the precincts of the shrines) of Take and Watarai in the festival, which informs the onset of agriculture.
Japanese: 農耕の開始を告げる祭事として、多気、度会の神郡内の神社に、幣帛を分配。
English: However, there were also other instances of Taige due to mourning for the deaths of Saigu's parents and close relatives, deplorable events like adultery during purification, and the death of Saigu herself.
Japanese: しかし、それ以外にも斎宮の父母や近親の死去による忌喪、潔斎中の密通などの不祥事、また斎宮本人の薨去による退下もあった。
English: It is also said that Saigu who died during her service in Ise after Gunko was buried on the spot.
Japanese: また群行の後伊勢での在任中に薨去した斎宮はそのまま現地に葬られたらしい。
English: (There are two Saigu who died in Ise, namely Princess Takako and Imperial Princess Atsuko from the Heian period.)
Japanese: （伊勢で薨去した斎宮は平安時代の隆子女王と惇子内親王の二人である。）
English: She waited in Ise for a few months until arrangements were made and then returned to Kyoto, accompanied by Hogeshi (an Imperial envoy who welcomed Saigu to the Imperial Family).
Japanese: そのまま数ヶ月の間伊勢で待機し準備が整った後に、奉迎使に伴われて帰京した。
English: However, she usually returned home via Iga-Yamato-ji Road (Ichishi, Kawaguchi, Aho, and Sagara) when there were other misfortunes (such as the death of the Emperor and mourning for the deaths of her close relatives).
Japanese: しかし、その他の凶事（天皇崩御、近親者の喪など）の場合には伊賀・大和路（一志、川口、阿保、相楽）を経て帰還するのが通例であった。
English: With respect to ancient Saigu, there is a record only about Imperial Princess Sukatehime no Himemiko who moved to Katsuragi after carrying out her mission.
Japanese: また、古代の斎宮については、酢香手姫皇女だけが、任を終えて葛城に移ったと記されている。
English: It can also be presumed that it was left out because there was a place, to which they should naturally return (for instance, the neighborhood of the Emperor's Palace).
Japanese: 当然帰るべき所（例：天皇の宮の周囲）が決められていたので、省略されたと推測するか。
English: Alternatively, it may be supposed that the new address of Imperial Princess Sukatehime no Himemiko - that is, Katsuragi - was given to represent other Saigu's new address.
Japanese: それとも、酢香手姫皇女の移転先である葛城の記載が、他の斎宮の移転先をも代表して書かれていると見るかである。
English: Little is known about the lives of former Saigu after they fulfilled their duties and returned to Kyoto with a few exceptions.
Japanese: 役目を終えて京に戻った前斎宮のその後の人生については、少数の例外を除いてあまり知られていない。
English: Thus, former Saigu married only emperors and other members of the Imperial Family after Taige until the end of the Nara period.
Japanese: そのため、奈良時代までは退下後の前斎宮が嫁いだのは天皇もしくは皇族のみであった。
English: Even after the beginning of the Heian period, it was only Imperial Princess Gashi (a wife of FUJIWARA no Morosuke) who married a subject among all the imperial princesses.
Japanese: 平安時代以降も内親王で臣下と結婚したのは雅子内親王（藤原師輔室）ただ一人であった。
English: However, it is believed that many former Saigu lived all their lives quietly without getting married.
Japanese: だが、多くの前斎宮は生涯独身でひっそりと暮らしていたものと思われる。
English: On the other hand, four former Saigu married the Emperor, namely Imperial Princess Inoe (who was the Empress of Emperor Konin but was later dethroned), Imperial Princess Sakahito (who was the Consort of Emperor Kanmu), Imperial Princess Asahara (who was the Consort of Emperor Heizei), and Princess Kishi (who was the Consort of Emperor Murakami).
Japanese: なお、天皇と結婚した前斎宮は、井上内親王（光仁天皇皇后、後廃位）、酒人内親王（桓武天皇妃）、朝原内親王（平城天皇妃）、徽子女王（村上天皇女御）の4人であった。
English: Especially, the three imperial princesses - Inoe, Sakahito, and Asahara - are rare cases who became Saigu across three generations of mothers and daughters.
Japanese: 特に井上・酒人・朝原の3人は母娘3代にわたり斎宮となった稀な例でもあった。
English: Since then, imperial princesses, who became Nyoin via the conferral of Junbo (a status that is equivalent to the Emperor's birth mother) and Ritsugo (the investiture of the Empress) after being Saigu or Saiin, continued to appear until the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
Japanese: そして以後、斎宮または斎院から准母立后を経て女院となる内親王が南北朝時代まで続いた。
English: Naniwa no Miya was a palace located in the present-day Chuo Ward, Osaka City in the Asuka and Nara periods.
Japanese: 難波宮（なにわのみや）は、現在の大阪市中央区(大阪市)にあった飛鳥時代・奈良時代の宮殿。
English: It was mentioned in a history book (Nihonshoki [the Chronicles of Japan]), however, its location remained unknown until the end of the World War II.
Japanese: 史書（『日本書紀』）には載っていたが、第二次世界大戦が終わるまでは所在地は不明なままであった。
English: In 1913, several roof tiles with the jukenmon (concentric circle design) and rengemon (lotus flower patterns) were found but were virtually ignored.
Japanese: 1913年（大正2）大阪城外堀の南付近で数個の重圏文（じゅうけんもん）・蓮華文の瓦が発見されていたが、ほとんどの人は省みなかった。
English: In 1953, however, Shibi (ornamental ridge-end tile) was unearthed in the vicinity where the roof tiles had been found.
Japanese: しかし、1953年（昭和28）同所付近から鴟尾（しび）が発見された。
English: That discovery jump-started the excavation and study by Naniwakyushi Kenshokai (Association of honoring publicly for Naniwa-kyu Palace site) under the leadership of Tokutaro YAMANE and, little by little, the remains of the palace in the Nara period became unraveled.
Japanese: このことがきっかけになり山根徳太郎を指導者とする難波宮址顕彰会の努力により発掘・調査が進み、奈良時代の宮の遺構が次第に明らかになった。
English: In 1958, additionally, the remains of pillars believed to be a generation older than Shibi and, from the scorched earth that filled pillar holes, it became known that there had been a fire.
Japanese: そればかりでなく、1958年（昭和33）にはそれよりも一時代古いとみられる柱列跡が検出され、その柱穴に焦土が詰まっており、火災の跡であることが明らかになった。
English: In short, based on the record that 'the Naniwa no Miya Palace burnt down' in February 686, it can be presumed that the palace of Emperor Kotoku was lost in fire whereby it came to be thus considered that a new palace was subsequently built for Emperor Tenmu.
Japanese: つまり、686年（朱鳥元）正月「難波の宮室が全焼した」記録から、孝徳朝の宮室が焼失したと推定でき、その後に天武朝の宮室が建造されたのだと考えられるようになった。
English: In 1961, the excavation work performed by Tokutaro YAMANE and his collaborators unearthed the remains of Daigokuden (Council Hall in the Imperial Palace) in 'the late Naniwa no Miya Palace' of the era of Emperor Shomu and its existence was confirmed.
Japanese: 1961年（昭和36年）、山根徳太郎らの発掘により、聖武天皇時代の「後期難波宮」の大極殿跡が発見され、その存在が確認された。
English: In 645, after the Taika Reforms, Emperor Kotoku relocated the capital city to Naniwa (Naniwa no Nagara no Toyosaki no Miya Palace) whereby the earthfast and thatched-roof palace was completed in 652.
Japanese: 大化の改新の後、645年に孝徳天皇は難波に遷都し（難波長柄豊崎宮）、宮殿は652年に完成した、これは掘立柱、草葺屋根で造られたものであった。
English: In January 655, after the passing of Emperor Kotoku, Empress Saimei ascended to the throne for the second time at Asuka Itabuki no Miya Palace in Nara whereby transferring the capital city.
Japanese: 孝徳天皇の没後、655年1月に斉明天皇が奈良の飛鳥板蓋宮で再び即位（重祚）し、遷都された。
English: During the Nara period (726), Emperor Shomu appointed FUJIWARA no Umakai as Chief of Construction of Naniwa no Miya to start the construction of Naniwa-kyo (an ancient capital of Naniwa) while having a detached palace in place (under the dual capital system in conjunction with Heijo-kyo[the ancient capital of Japan in current Nara]).
Japanese: 奈良時代の神亀3年（726年）に聖武天皇が藤原宇合を知造難波宮事に任命して難波京の造営に着手させて離宮を設置する（平城京との複都制）。
English: In 744, the capital was transferred and it is considered that Naniwa-kyo was also in existence at that time.
Japanese: 天平15年（744年）に遷都され、このとき難波京も成立していたと考えられている。
English: In 784, concurrent with the relocation of capital to Nagaoka-kyo (an ancient capital of Nagaoka) by Emperor Kanmu, buildings such as Daigokuden were dismantled and reconstructed in the new capital city.
Japanese: 784年、桓武天皇により長岡京に遷都された際、大極殿などの建物が長岡京に移築された。
English: The remains of Naniwa no Miya extend over the surrounding area which includes the district where NHK Osaka and Osaka Museum of History are located.
Japanese: 難波宮の遺跡は周辺にも及んでおり、NHK大阪放送局・大阪歴史博物館のある一角も難波宮の跡である。
English: On the first basement level of the Osaka Museum of History, visitors can view the subterranean archaeological site.
Japanese: 大阪歴史博物館の地下1階では、地下遺跡の様子を見学することができる。
English: The thatched-roof stilt warehouse in front of that museum is a replica of one of the massive stilt warehouses existed in the fifth century (Kofun period [Tumulus period]) that were found in the Hoenzaka Site.
Japanese: 同博物館前にある茅葺きの高床倉庫は、法円坂遺跡で見つかった5世紀（古墳時代）の巨大高床倉庫群のうち1棟を復元したもの。
English: In 2006, mokkan (a narrow strip of wood on which an official message is written), from approximately the mid seventh century, believed to be the oldest of its kind which was written in Manyo-gana (a form of syllabary used in the Manyoshu [Collection of Myriad Leaves]) was excavated.
Japanese: 2006年には、万葉仮名で書かれたものとしては、最古とされる7世紀中ごろの木簡が出土している。
English: Mokkan measured 18.5 centimeters long and 2.7 centimeters wide with writings in ink on one side being '皮留久佐乃皮斯米之刀斯' which is believed to read 'Harukusa no Hajime no toshi' (Spring grass of the new year).
Japanese: 木簡は長さ18.5センチ、幅2.7センチで、片面に墨で「皮留久佐乃皮斯米之刀斯」と書かれており、「はるくさ（春草）のはじめのとし」と読むとみられている。
English: Based on earthenware excavated at the same time and the conditions of geological formation, it is considered that mokkan was made around the time when the early Naniwa no Miya was completed and it was the finding which urged reconsideration of the existing belief that Manyo-gana came into existence between 672 and 697.
Japanese: 一緒に出土した土器や地層の状況から前期・難波宮の完成前後のものと考えられ、万葉仮名は天武・持統朝（672年-697年）に成立したと考える説に再考を促す発見であった。
English: Virtually the entire Hanshin Expressway (No.13) Higashi Osaka Route which runs east to west on the north side of Naniwa no Miya Historical Park is an elevated expressway except for the part near the remains of Naniwa no Miya Palace which is at street level.
Japanese: 難波宮跡公園の北側を東西に通る阪神高速道路阪神高速13号東大阪線は、ほぼ全線が高架構造にもかかわらず、難波宮跡付近の部分だけ平面となっている。
English: As a result of pre-construction consultation, this 'street-level design' was adopted to preserve the remains of the Naniwa no Miya Palace ruins and to secure the scenery between Naniwa no Miya Historical Park and the ruins of the Osaka-jo Castle.
Japanese: これは、建設に先立つ事前協議の結果、難波宮跡の遺構の保存と難波宮跡公園から大坂城跡への景観を確保するために「平面案」が採用されたためである。
English: The sudden steep inclination in this section of the highway, however, often causes accidents and traffic congestions.
Japanese: しかし、この突如として現れる急な勾配区間のために、事故や渋滞の原因となることも多い。
English: A special structural design was used for the foundation of the street-level section of the expressway whereby no stakes were driven into the ground so as not to damage the center section of the Naniwa no Miya Palace ruins.
Japanese: なお、平面部分の道路の基礎は、難波宮跡中心部の遺構を破壊しないよう、地下に杭を打ち込まないような特殊な構造となっている。
English: Naramachi is a preservation district having groups of historic buildings that extends over the south of the present urban area of Nara City, Nara Prefecture.
Japanese: 奈良町（ならまち）とは奈良県奈良市の現市街地南に広がる伝統的建造物群保存地区である。
English: Naramachi originally developed as an extension of Nara Capital Heijo-kyo where numerous temples and shrines were located.
Japanese: 元々は奈良の都・平城京の外京として多くの社寺が置かれたことに始まる。
English: After the transfer of the national capital to Nagaoka-kyo, there were times that Naramachi fell into a decline but, subsequently, it gradually became a booming area being the temple town of Todai-ji Temple and Kasuga-Taisha Shrine.
Japanese: 長岡京遷都後は衰退の時期もあったが、東大寺や春日大社の門前町としてしだいに活況を見せる。
English: In the Edo period, various businesses (such as making brushes, ink, mosquito nets, bleached cotton cloth, futon (Japanese-style bedding), swords, sake liquor and soy sauce) developed on the premises of Gango-ji Temple which is now registered as the world heritage.
Japanese: 江戸時代に入り、現在世界遺産に登録されている元興寺境内に様々な産業（筆、墨、蚊帳、晒、布団、刀、酒、醤油等）が発展した。
English: According to the survey performed by ongoku-bugyo (the collective name of the magistrates placed at important areas directly controlled by the government in the Edo period) at the end of the 17th century, the population of Naramachi was 35,000.
Japanese: 遠国奉行による17世紀末の調査では、人口3万5,000人を数えている。
English: Having escaped the air raid during the World War II, Naramachi flourished as the former urban district of Nara City after the war and, in April 1990, the area was designated as 'the Naramachi Urban Landscape Formation Area' (approximately 48.1ha) in accordance with the Nara City Landscape Conservation Regulation.
Japanese: 第二次世界大戦の空襲を免れたことにより戦後は奈良市旧市街地として栄え、1990年4月、奈良市より奈良市都市景観条例に基づき「奈良町都市景観形成地区」（面積約48.1ha）の指定を受ける。
English: In the latter half of the 20th century, efforts to conserve machiya buildings became active and, in 1984, Nara Machizukuri Center (NMC) was established.
Japanese: 20世紀後半には地域住民による町屋保存活動が活発化し、1984年には社団法人奈良まちづくりセンターを設立。
English: Restaurants and general stores that were the refurbished machiya to offer modern features while maintaining their original form, public cultural facilities, temples and shrines began to dot various areas of the town.
Japanese: 町屋の原型を保ちつつ現代風に改装された飲食店や雑貨店、公共文化施設、社寺が町内各地に点在するようになる。
English: Naramachi consequently started to attract attention as a new tourist area in Nara and, nowadays, its labyrinth of narrow alleys are busy with visitors who enjoy the historical ambience of the town.
Japanese: このため奈良の新たな観光スポットとして各方面から注目を集め、細かく入り組んだ路地を歩きながら歴史的風情を楽しむ観光客で賑わっている。
English: The Urban Development Think Tank consisting mainly of the area residents was the first of its kind in Japan, being the groundbreaking case to set a precedent for the subsequent urban development movement in various regions.
Japanese: 市民主体のまちづくりシンクタンク社団法人の設立は全国でも初めてのことで、各地のまちづくり運動の先鞭をつけた画期的な事例である。
English: It was based on the background that, back in those days, if a deer, which was regarded as a divine messenger, was found dead in front of someone's house by officials, it constituted an offense whereby they would face a serious charge or be punished by a fine of three mon (an old currency unit in Japan).
Japanese: その理由は当時、家の前で神使とされているシカが死んでいる所を役人に見つかると罪となり、重罪または3文(通貨単位)の罰金となった。
English: The area residents consequently came to get up early to check to see if there was no dead deer in front of their houses before the officials began to make the rounds of the town.
Japanese: それ故、朝早く起きて役人が見回りに来る前にシカが家の前で死んでいないか確認するようになったという。
English: It is said that the proverbial phrase saying, 'Early risers stand to gain three mon' originated from this matter.
Japanese: また、その事柄から「早起きは三文の徳」ということわざが生まれたといわれている。
English: Attraction of Naramachi is that lifestyle and cultural tradition of its residents have been ingrained in the character of the locality for generations and the livelihood of ordinary people that remain vibrant today.
Japanese: 奈良町の魅力は何世代にもわたる住民の生活習慣や文化的伝統が土地柄に染み込み、路地に息づく庶民的な暮らしが現在に継承されている。
English: As a result, there are numerous neighborhoods with rich and pleasant ambience which resonates in one's heart whereby attracting the deep-seated popularity of admirers who appreciate the restfulness emanating from the things of the past that were marked with the spirit of the communities of Naramachi.
Japanese: そのため心の奥底に響く味わい深い界隈が多数点在し、その精神が刻み込まれた古いものから感じる落ち着きを好むファン達の根強い人気を集めている。
English: Nara Orient-kan (Nara City FM Communications Satellite Studio)
Japanese: ならオリエント館（奈良シティエフエムコミュニケーションズサテライトスタジオ）
English: Kaneda-jo Castle (also known as Kanetanoki Castle) is an ancient mountain castle (Korean-style mountain castle) built in Tsushima Province during the Asuka Period.
Japanese: 金田城（かねだじょう、かねたのき）は、飛鳥時代に対馬国に築かれた古代山城（朝鮮式山城）。
English: Kaneda-jo Castle is situated on Mt. Jo (also known as Joyama) 275 meters above sea level which stands on the south shore of Aso-wan Bay in the central Tsushima.
Japanese: 対馬の中部にある浅茅湾の南岸に突き出た標高275メートルの城山（じょうやま）に位置する。
English: The southeastern foothill forms a relatively slow slope and there are castle walls along the three dales leading to the sea (that are referred to as 'First Castle Door,' 'Second Castle Door' and 'Third Castle Door,' respectively) that still remain in existence today.
Japanese: 南東麓は比較的緩やかな斜面で、海に通じる三本の谷（北から順に「一の城戸」「二の城戸」「三の城戸」）には城壁が残っている。
English: Additionally, a number of remains of buildings were discovered around 'Mt. Bingushi' situated between 'Second Castle Door' and 'Third Castle Door' whereby it is considered that a major facility such as lodging houses for Sakimori (soldiers garrisoned at strategic posts in Kyushu in ancient times) existed in that area.
Japanese: また、「二の城戸」と「三の城戸」の中間に位置する「ビングシ山」周辺から複数の建物跡が発見されており、防人宿舎など中枢機能があったと考えられている。
English: After losing the Battle of Hakusukinoe in 663, Wakoku (later Japan) built defense facilities in various western regions to secure the country against Tang (China) and Silla (Korea).
Japanese: 663年の白村江の戦いに敗れた倭国は唐・新羅に対する防衛のため、西日本各地に防衛施設を築いた。
English: It positions itself apart from competing stores by limiting lines of business.
Japanese: 取り扱い商品を絞って競合各店との差別化を図った店舗構成となっている。
English: It keeps a lot of specialty boutiques and the like such as UNITED ARROWS and JOURNAL STANDARD which are popular among young people.
Japanese: ユナイテッドアローズやジャーナルスタンダードなど、若者に人気のセレクトショップなどを数多く構える。
English: It has no connection in either capital or human resources with a major department store Daimaru (the head office is in Osaka City) which is running Kyoto-mise (Kyoto Branch) at Shijotakakura-dori Street (about 400 meters to the west of Fujii Daimaru), nor with a stationery wholesale trading company Daimaru Fujii in Sapporo City.
Japanese: 四条高倉通（藤井大丸の西方約400m）に京都店（きょうとみせ）を構える百貨店大手の大丸（本社：大阪市）および札幌市にある文具卸商社の大丸藤井とは資本・人材共に無関係である。
English: July, 1972: The first shop of McDonald in the Kansai region 'Fujii Daimaru Shop' was opened on the first floor (It had moved away and doesn't exist now, but you can find the moved shop just across Shijo-dori Street.)
Japanese: 1972年7月-マクドナルドの関西第1号店「藤井大丸店」が1階に置かれる（移転して現存しない。四条通すぐ向かい側に移転した店舗が見られる）
English: Nara Park is a municipal park stretching at the foot of Mt. Wakakusa in Nara City, Nara Prefecture.
Japanese: 奈良公園（ならこうえん）は、奈良県奈良市の若草山麓に広がる都市公園。