nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The wooden seated statue of Jikei Daishi (important cultural property) is enshrined at tokonoma (alcove) in 'Jussetsu no ma,' and other statues of Buddha, with the principle image of Amida Nyorai in the center, are enshrined in butsuma.
Japanese: 「十雪の間」の床の間には木造慈恵大師坐像（重要文化財）を安置し、仏間には本尊阿弥陀如来を中心とする諸仏を安置する。
English: It has 'Fuji no ma' (room of Mt. Fuji) at the south-eastern side and a main fort 'Tasogare no ma' (room of twilight) with toko (alcove) and tana (shelf) in the north of its layout, and the western side of the construction is divided into several small rooms including 2 jo no chashitsu (tea room in 3.3 square meters area).
Japanese: 間取りは東南側に「富士の間」、その北に床（とこ）・棚をもつ主要室である「黄昏（たそがれ）の間」があり、建物西側は二畳の茶室を含むいくつかの小部屋に分かれている。
English: The tana at the side of tokonoma of 'Tasogare no ma' is made with several kinds of wood, and is known as 'Manshuin Temple-dana.'
Japanese: 「黄昏の間」の床の間脇にある棚は多種類の木材を組み合わせたもので「曼殊院棚」として知られる。
English: The fretwork of ranma (transom) at the border of 'Fuji no ma' and 'Tasogare no ma' and kugikakushi (object which conceals the head of nail) with cloisonne ware, are also the characteristics of this construction.
Japanese: 「富士の間」「黄昏の間」境の欄間の透かし彫りや、七宝焼き製の釘隠し（富士山をかたどる）もこの建物の特色である。
English: There is another chashitsu, not the 2 jo no chashitsu mentioned above, attached to the north side of Koshoin, and it is known as 'Hassoken' (literally, house of eight windows).
Japanese: 小書院の北側には前述の二畳の茶室とは別の茶室が付属し、「八窓軒」の名で知られる。
English: Renjimado (a window with vertical or horizontal wooden laths or bamboo) above nijiriguchi (small door which leads into a tea ceremony hut) is especially famous for it makes a shadow like a rainbow.
Japanese: 躙口上の連子窓は虹のような影が生じることから「虹の窓」と呼ばれて殊に名高い。
English: Color painting on silk, a portrait of Fudo Myoo (Ki Fudo (Yellow Cetaka)) - one of the portraits produced based on Ki Fudo Zo (produced in the early Heian period) located in Enjo-ji Temple (Miidera Temple) in Shiga Prefecture, and is estimated to have been produced in around the twelfth century, in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 絹本著色不動明王像（黄不動）－滋賀・園城寺（三井寺）に秘蔵される、黄不動像（平安時代前期）を元に制作された画像の1つであり、平安時代末期、12世紀頃の制作と推定されている。
English: Kokin Waka Shu (Manshuin-bon (Manshuin Temple version)), 1 volume - a manuscript copy of Kokin Wakashu written on dyed paper with different colors with elegant Japanese style handwriting, and is an article that goes back to the eleventh century.
Japanese: 古今和歌集（曼殊院本）1巻－色変わりの染紙に優美な和様書体で書写された古今和歌集の写本で、11世紀にさかのぼる遺品である。
English: 1 - 9 were cancelled from designation as national treasures (former national treasures) by the Law for the Preservation of National Treasures since they became the properties of the Imperial household in 1936.
Japanese: 1-9は1936年、皇室財産となったため、国宝保存法に基づく国宝（旧国宝）指定を解除されたもの。
English: Also 1 - 6 were re-designated as important cultural properties (1 was designated as a national treasure by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties) since they were nationalized after the war.
Japanese: うち1-6は戦後国有となったため、重要文化財に再指定されている（1は文化財保護法に基づく国宝に指定）。
English: Gishin (born 781, died August 26, 833) was an early Heian-period Buddhist monk of the Tendai sect.
Japanese: 義真（ぎしん、天応(日本)元年（781年）－天長10年7月4日(旧暦)（833年8月26日））は、平安時代前期の天台宗の僧。
English: After this stage he became the disciple of Saicho, and in 804 he crossed over to Tang China with Saicho as an interpreter of Chinese; he returned to Japan after receiving both the Endon precepts from Daosui (a Chinese Tiantai (Tendai) monk) and the dharmic transmission of Vajrayana (esoteric) rituals from Shunxiao, exactly as Saicho did.
Japanese: その後最澄に師事し、804年（延暦23年）中国語の通訳として最澄とともに唐へ渡り、最澄と同じく道邃（どうすい）から円頓戒を、順暁（じゅんぎょう）から密教の付法をうけ日本へ帰国した。
English: In 822, after Saicho passed away, Gishin became the first priest in charge of transmitting the precepts at the Mahayana Buddhist ordination platform of Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 822年（弘仁13年）に最澄が没した後には比叡山大乗戒壇初の授戒の伝戒師となる。
English: In 824 he assumed the position of the Head Priest of Tendai, becoming the first such head priest, and also participated in the Yuima-e (Buddhist debates) as a lecturer in 832; this was the first time a priest designated as a member of the Tendai sect had done so.
Japanese: 824年（天長元年）初代の天台座主に就任し、832年（天長9年）には天台宗の僧として初めて維摩会の講師となった。
English: Taihan (778-?) was an early Heian period Buddhist monk of the Shingon sect.
Japanese: 泰範（たいはん、宝亀9年（778年）－?）は、平安時代前期の真言宗の僧。
English: In 810, together with Saicho, he created the Three Precepts of Buddhist law on Mt. Hiei, and established rules for dwelling at temples.
Japanese: 810年（弘仁元年）に最澄と共に比叡山に住持仏法の三章を作り寺観を定める。
English: In July and August 812, as a result of Saicho having fallen ill, he was appointed the head priest of all of Mt. Hiei, but internal strife among the clergy of the mountain (Taihan irritated the clergy with his personal inconveniences, so he asked Saicho for a leave of absence, and permission to depart from the mountain) caused him to seclude himself from the world on Takashima island in Omi Province.
Japanese: 弘仁3年6月最澄の病気により比叡山総別当に任じられるが、山内の紛争（泰範は自身の不都合により衆僧に迷惑をかけた」という理由で最澄に休暇を願い出ている）により近江国髙島に隠遁した。
English: Saicho took Taihan with him to go twice to visit Kukai and persuade him to bestow the dharmic succession ritual of the Diamond Realm on him, but Taihan refused (this led Saicho to go in 812 without Taihan, accompanied by other disciples, to see Kukai, who then granted him the dharmic succession ritual of the Diamond Realm).
Japanese: 最澄は泰範に共に空海のもとで金剛界の灌頂を受けようと2度にわたり説得するも断っている（このため最澄は泰範以外の弟子らと812年（弘仁3年）に金剛界灌頂を受けている）。
English: On January 23, 813, Taihan, along with Saicho and others, did receive the succession ritual of the Womb Realm from Kukai at Takaosan-ji Temple (Jingo-ji Temple), and thereafter became a disciple of Kukai.
Japanese: 同年12月14日、泰範は高雄山寺(後の神護寺)で空海に胎蔵界灌頂を最澄らと共に受け、これ以後空海に師事した。
English: Thereafter, Saicho--recognized as Kukai's favorite pupil, and groomed as his successor--tried to press Taihan into returning over and over to Mt. Hiei, but Taihan did not in fact return.
Japanese: この後、彼を愛弟子として、また後継者として目していた最澄は再三比叡山に戻るよう促すも、泰範が比叡山に戻ることはなかった。
English: This struggle over Taihan, as well as Saicho's views on esoteric Buddhist ritual, among other factors, eventually led to a separation between Saicho and Kukai.
Japanese: この泰範の問題、また最澄の密教観などから、最澄と空海は決別するに至った。
English: Nonetheless, it is said that to the very end Saicho never gave up his quest to have Taihan return to Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: しかしながら最澄は最後まで泰範が比叡山に戻ることをあきらめていなかったといわれる。
English: In 816, Taihan established temporary residence at Otokuni-dera temple, and when Kukai established the monastery of Mt. Koya, Taihan, along with Kukai's other disciple Jichie, worked hard, climbing the mountain and erecting a thatched hut.
Japanese: 泰範は弘仁7年乙訓寺に仮住まいし、空海が高野山を開創するにあたっては空海の弟子実恵（じちえ）とともに奔走、登山して草庵を構えた。
English: In 837, when Taihan would have been about 60, his name appears on a document of Buddhist precepts as one of the established monks of To-ji Temple, but thereafter nothing is known of what became of him.
Japanese: 837年（承和(日本)4年）、当時60歳として、僧綱牒に東寺定額僧として泰範の名が見えるが、それ以降の消息については不明である。
English: Taihan was one of the Ten Great Disciples of Kukai, and is counted as one of the Four Sages, but because very little is known of his priestly career, he is frequently considered as on a par with Kojo, another disciple of Saicho's, but this comparison is considered an error.
Japanese: 空海門下の十大弟子、また四哲の一人とされるが、履歴が不明な事から、しばしば最澄の弟子・光定と同一視される向きもあるが、これは誤りといわれる。
English: Jichie (also pronounced Jitsue, born 786, died December 24, 847), was an early Heian-period Buddhist priest of the Shingon sect.
Japanese: 実恵（じちえ/じつえ・実慧、延暦5年（786年）－承和(日本)14年11月13日(旧暦)（847年12月24日））は、平安時代前期の真言宗の僧。
English: He studied the Yuishiki theory (of vijnapti matrata, the theory that everything exists only in the mind) of the Hosso sect with Taiki, a priest of Daian-ji Temple in Nara, and in 807 took Buddhist vows, receiving the succession ritual from Kukai in 810.
Japanese: 奈良大安寺の泰基に法相・唯識を学び、807年（大同(日本)2年）に受戒、810年（弘仁元年）には空海から灌頂を受けた。
English: In 812 he assumed the position of Sango (the Three Offices) of Jingo-ji Temple on Mt. Takao, and starting in 816, he began to assist Kukai in founding the monastery on Mt. Koya.
Japanese: 812年（弘仁3年）高雄山寺三綱に任じられ、816年（弘仁7年）からは空海の高野山開創に尽力した。
English: In 845, he sold the Shugei Shuchiin, the school Kukai had founded in 828, and with the income from that and the revenue from his shoen (private estate) in Oyama in Tanba Province, he began to hold Buddhist religious assemblies at To-ji Temple.
Japanese: 828年（天長5年）空海が開設した学校である綜芸種智院（しゅげいしゅちいん）を845年（承和12年）に売却し、それで得た丹波国大山荘の収入をもとに東寺伝法会を始めている。
English: Encho (772-837) was a Tendai Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the first part of the Heian period.
Japanese: 円澄（えんちょう、772年（宝亀3年）－837年（承和(日本)4年））は、平安時代前期の天台宗の僧。
English: It was under Dochu of the Kanto region that he first entered the Buddhist priesthood and took the name Hokyo but went on to study under Saicho of Mt. Hiei in the year 798 and change his name to Encho.
Japanese: 始め関東の道忠（どうちゅう）の下で出家し法鏡行者と称したが、798年（延暦17年）比叡山に上って最澄に師事し、円澄と名を改めた。
English: In the year 806, he received the Endonkai (Precepts for Perfect and Immediate Enlightenment) from Saicho and his aptitude led to him being given the opportunity to recite the second volume of the Lotus Sutra following Saicho at a Hokke Choko (long recitation of the Lotus Sutra) in the year 807.
Japanese: 806年（大同(日本)元年）最澄による最初の円頓戒授与で受戒者の上首となり、翌807年（大同2年）の法華長講では最澄の次に第2巻を講説した。
English: Encho was appointed as the second Tendai Zasu (head priest of the Tendai Sect) in the year 833 before establishing Saito-in Temple and Jakko-in Temple on Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 833年（天長10年）第2世天台座主に就任し、比叡山に西塔院・寂光院を建立している。
English: He also recommended that Empress Dowager Tachibana no Kachiko make an offering of several hundred Buddhist surplices to Guoqing Temple on China's Mt. Tiantai.
Japanese: また、皇太后橘嘉智子に袈裟数百枚を中国天台山国清寺に施入することを勧め、実行させている。
English: Gien (October 1, 1558 - June 15, 1626) was a Shingon Sect Buddhist monk who lived from the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan) to Edo period.
Japanese: 義演（ぎえん、永禄元年8月20日(旧暦)（1558年10月1日）－寛永3年4月21日(旧暦)（1626年6月15日））は、戦国時代(日本)から江戸時代にかけての真言宗の僧。
English: Gien entered the Buddhist priesthood in 1571 and studied under Gyojo of the Risei-in sub-temple of Daigo-ji Temple, and revived Kongorin-in Temple, anther of Daigo-ji Temple's sub-temples, in 1575.
Japanese: 1571年（元亀2年）に得度して醍醐寺理性院尭助に師事し、1575年（天正3年）には醍醐寺金剛輪院を再興している。
English: He was appointed the 80th head priest of Daigo-ji Temple in 1576, made Daisojo (High Priest) in 1579, given the imperial title of Jusango (honorary rank next to the three Empresses: Great Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager, and Empress) in 1585, and promoted to chief abbot of To-ji Temple in 1594.
Japanese: 翌1576年（天正4年）醍醐寺第80代座主に就任、1579年（天正7年）に大僧正、1585年（天正13年）に准三后、1594年（文禄3年）には東寺長者に任じられている。
English: He was revered by emperors, retired emperors and the samurai class alike, and Hideyoshi in particular visited Daigo-ji Temple regularly.
Japanese: 天皇・太上天皇・武家の尊崇を受け、特に秀吉が度々醍醐寺を訪れている。
English: Shuen (771 - July 16, 835) was a Hosso Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the first part of the Heian period.
Japanese: 修円（しゅえん、宝亀2年（771年）-承和(日本)2年6月13日(旧暦)（835年7月16日））は、平安時代前期の法相宗の僧。
English: Shuen studied the Hosso Sect teachings under Kenkei of Kofuku-ji Temple in Yamato Province, served as one of the overseeing monks during the service celebrating the completion of Konpon Chudo Hall on Mt. Hiei in the year 794, and was consecrated by Saicho in the year 805.
Japanese: 大和国興福寺の賢憬に法相を学び、794年（延暦13年）比叡山根本中堂の落慶供養の際その堂達をつとめ、805年（延暦24年）には最澄から灌頂を受けた。
English: He became a preceptor in the year 810 and betto of Kofuku-ji Temple in 812, following which he constructed Denpo-in Temple within the precinct of Kofuku-ji Temple where he began conducting Shinmitsue.
Japanese: 810年（弘仁元年）に律師、812年（弘仁3年）に興福寺別当となり、興福寺に伝法院を設けて深密会を始めた。
English: He is not the same 'Shuen' who studied the Tendai Sect teachings under Gishin before declaring himself Tendai Zasu (Chief Tendai Sect Abbot) after his master's death in the face of opposition from sect followers, reside at Murosan-ji Temple in Yamato Province, and give rise to so-called 'Muro Tendai' (refer to the works of Hidenori TSUJI).
Japanese: 義真から天台教学を学び、義真の没後は義真に代わって後にいう天台座主を私に襲うも宗徒の反対にあい、大和国室生山寺に住し、いわゆる「室生天台」を現出させた「円修」とは別人（逵日出典の著作参照）。
English: Shuen was also close to Kukai, which indicates that he had an understanding of Tendai Sect and Shingon Sect Buddhism which were both new to Japan at the time.
Japanese: 空海とも親しく、天台宗・真言宗という当時としては新しい仏教に理解を示していたようである。
English: Enkan (September 1, 1281 - April 2, 1356) was a Tendai Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the latter part of the Kamakura period and the Northern and Southern Courts period.
Japanese: 円観（えんかん、弘安4年7月17日(旧暦)（1281年9月1日）-正平(日本)11年/延文元年3月1日(旧暦)（1356年4月2日））は、鎌倉時代後期から南北朝時代(日本)にかけての天台宗の僧。
English: He was also given the alias 'Gokoku Daishi' after having received precepts from Emperor Gofushimi, Emperor Hanazono, Emperor Godaigo, Emperor Kogon and Emperor Komyo.
Japanese: 後伏見天皇・花園天皇・後醍醐天皇・光厳天皇・光明天皇の5帝に戒を授けたために「五国大師」の異名を得た。
English: He was ordained at Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei in 1295 where he studied the Endonkai (Precepts for Perfect and Immediate Enlightenment) Mahayana precept.
Japanese: 永仁3年（1295年）に比叡山延暦寺に入寺して授戒を受けて大乗戒である円頓戒を学んだ。
English: However, he was not satisfied and eight years later left Mt. Hiei to establish Ritsu-in Temple (Geno-ji Temple) in Kitashirakawa with his master Koen, where he worked to enhance his understanding of the Endonkai precept.
Japanese: だが、それに飽き足らず、8年後に比叡山を降りて師の興円とともに北白川に律院（元応寺）を建立し、円頓戒の宣揚につとめた。
English: The devotion of Emperor Godaigo led to him being appointed Kanjin (position in charge of collecting donations for the temple) of Hossho-ji Temple in Kyoto in 1326 which he worked to restore and was allowed to reside in as reward for his success.
Japanese: 後醍醐天皇の帰依を受けて嘉暦元年（1326年）京都法勝寺の勧進職となり同寺の再興に務め、その功績によってそのまま住持となる。
English: Along with others including Monkan and Chuen, he participated in Emperor Godaigo's plot to overthrow of the shogunate; recruiting warrior monks from temples such as Enryaku-ji Temple, Todai-ji Temple and Kofuku-ji Temple, and praying for the spiritual safety of the Hojo clan.
Japanese: 文観・忠円らとともに後醍醐天皇の倒幕計画に参画し、延暦寺・東大寺・興福寺など大寺の僧兵を募って北条氏を調伏するための祈祷を行った。
English: When the plot to over throw the shogunate was discovered in 1331, he was captured in Rokuhara and exiled to Mutsu Province.
Japanese: 1331年（元徳3年・元弘元年）倒幕計画が幕府側に知られて六波羅に逮捕され、陸奥国への流罪に処せられた。
English: During the Kenmu Restoration, he was pardoned, allowed to return to Hossho-ji Temple and appointed Daikanjin (position in charge of collecting donations for the temple) of Todai-ji Temple but worked for the Northern Court after the imperial line split into the Northern and Southern Courts.
Japanese: 建武の新政では罪を赦され法勝寺に戻り東大寺大勧進職に任じられたが、南北朝が分裂すると北朝側について活躍した。
English: It is also due to the efforts of Enkan that places of Endonkai precept study were established at the Engoku Shikaidan (Hokai-ji Temple in Kamakura, Yakushi-ji Temple in Kaga Province, Tomyo-ji Temple in Iyo Province and Chinko-ji Temple in Tsukushi Province).
Japanese: また、遠国四戒壇（鎌倉宝戒寺・加賀国薬師寺・伊予国等妙寺・筑紫国鎮弘寺）に円頓戒の道場を開くことができたのは円観の力によるものとされる。
English: Enkan's system (Echin Monryu) was passed on to monks including Koshu, Yuiken and Unkai, and although part of the Tendai Sect, is thought to have existed as separate group from Enryaku-ji Temple until the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States).
Japanese: 円観の系統（恵鎮門流）は光宗_(僧)・惟賢・運海らに継承され、天台宗でありながら戦国時代_(日本)まで延暦寺とは別の集団を形成していたと考えられている。
English: Jojin (1011 - November 9, 1081) was a Tendai Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 成尋（じょうじん、寛弘8年（1011年）－永保元年10月6日(旧暦)（1081年11月9日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: His mother was Jojin Ajari no Haha, poet and daughter of MINAMOTO no Toshikata who wrote 'Jojin Ajari no haha no shu' (A collection of poems by mother of Jojin Ajari).
Japanese: 母は女流歌人で「成尋阿闍梨母集」を残した源俊賢の娘（成尋阿闍梨母）。
English: He entered the Buddhist priesthood aged seven years when he studied under Monkyo of Daiun-ji Temple in Iwakura, Kyoto before receiving the knowledge of Taimitsu (esoteric Buddhism of the Tendai Sect) from Goen, Gyoen and Myoson.
Japanese: 7歳で出家し、はじめ京都岩倉大雲寺(京都市)の文慶（もんきょう）に師事し、その後悟円・行円・明尊から台密（天台宗における密教）の法を受けた。
English: In 1072, he travelled to Northern Song Dynasty China where he made a pilgrimage to the holy sites and temples connected to Tendai Sect founder Zhiyi including Mt. Tiantai and Mt. Wutai,
Japanese: 1072年（延久4年）北宋へ渡り、天台山や五台山など智者大師の聖跡・諸寺を巡礼。
English: In addition, he introduced the travel journals of Ennin and Chozen as well as monk Eshin Sozu Genshin's "Ojoyoshu" (The Essentials of Rebirth in the Pure Land) to China, and sent over 600 scrolls including sutras to Japan.
Japanese: また、円仁やちょう然の旅行記と恵心僧都源信_(僧侶)の『往生要集』を中国にもたらし、経典など600巻余りを日本へ送りました。
English: He attempted to return to Japan but was kept in China by Emperor Shenzong, and passed away at Kaibao Temple in Bianjing.
Japanese: 自らも帰国しようとしたが、神宗に遺留され北宋に残り、汴京開宝寺で没した。
English: A so-do hall is a temple building dedicated to the communal living of practitioners (monks) and the promotion of ascetic practices.
Japanese: 僧堂（そうどう）は仏教の寺院内にある建物の1つで、修行者（僧侶）が集団生活を行いながら仏道修行に励む場である。
English: These halls are also known as "un-do" due to the presence of the monks, and also called "senbutsu-do" (lit. choosing Buddhism hall) after the fact that the practitioners have chosen a life of Buddhism.
Japanese: 僧侶（僧侶）が集まる事から雲堂、修行者の中から仏が選ばれる事から選佛堂とも言う。
English: These halls usually function as places in which monks practice Zazen and take their meals, although meals are sometimes take in a separate shoku-do (dining hall) in Rinzai Sect temples.
Japanese: 通常は建物内で坐禅と共に食事も行われるが、臨済宗では食事は食堂で行われる場合もある。
English: Also, the training institutions in which monks must spend a certain amount of time training before they qualify as a chief priests in Japanese Zen Buddhism are known as senmon so-do (lit. specialist so-do halls).
Japanese: また、日本の禅宗において僧侶が住職の資格を得るために一定期間修行する研修機関の事を、特に専門僧堂と言う。
English: During the Indian age of Buddhism, the collection of buildings in which monks lived was called so-do but this definition is now covered by the words a temple or monastery.
Japanese: インド時代の仏教に於いて、僧侶が集団生活する建物群の事を僧堂と呼んでいるが、これは寺院や僧院の事を指す言葉である。
English: The form of so-do halls seen today is thought to have been established with the Shingi (daily regulations of Zen temples) founded in Tang Dynasty China by Baizhang Huaihai.
Japanese: 現在に繋がる僧堂は、唐代の中国において百丈懐海によって創始された清規と共に創始されたとされる。
English: A system was later developed by Chongsheng Temple on Mt. Xuefeng, Wanshou Temple on Mt. Jing and the temples on Mt. Tiantong. and this was later transmitted to Japan during the Song Dynasty.
Japanese: その後、雪峰崇聖寺、徑山萬壽寺、天童山など諸寺院で制度が整えられ、宋代に日本に伝えられた。
English: The first so-do hall in Japan is believed to be that of Kosho-ji Temple (Uji City) which was established by Dogen, founder of the Japan Soto Sect.
Japanese: 日本の最初の僧堂は、日本曹洞宗の開祖道元による興聖寺(宇治市)僧堂であるとされる。
English: So-to halls went on to be constructed throughout Japan following the geographical spread of Zen Buddhism, and they continue to be used as places of ascetic practice at temples including Eihei-ji Temple and Kencho-ji Temple.
Japanese: その後、禅宗の地方展開と共に各地に設立され、今日もなお、永平寺や建長寺等で修行道場として使用されている。
English: The so-do hall is one of the seven principal buildings considered necessary for a Zen Buddhist temple, and it is situated opposite the kuri (monks' living quarters) with the straight line consisting of the sanmon gate, butsuden (main hall) and hodo (lecture hall) between them, on the left when the butsuden is observed from the sanmon gate.
Japanese: 僧堂は禅宗では七堂伽藍の1つに数えられ、直線上に並んだ山門・仏殿・法堂を挟んで庫裏の反対側、山門から仏殿に向かって左側に設置される。
English: There are so-do halls with not one but two entrances where one entrance is opposite the other.
Japanese: 入り口は一箇所だけではなく、二箇所設けられる事もあり、その際は一方の対面に設けられる。
English: The 'tan' which serve as places for practicing Zazen and living space for each monk are arranged along the walls as if surrounding the holy monk.
Japanese: そして聖僧を囲むように、建物の壁に沿って僧侶個人の坐禅・生活の場である「単」が連続して設けられる。
English: Where there is additional interior space, tan are placed in the central space at both sides of the holy monk statue.
Japanese: 内部の空間に余裕がある場合には、聖僧の両脇の中央の空間に単が設けられる。
English: The tan closest to the entrance is called the 'tanto' and is where the shiso (so-do hall preceptor) sits.
Japanese: 単の中で最も入り口に近い場所を「単頭」と言い、師僧（僧堂師家）が坐る位置となる。
English: There are also instances in which tan, referred to as 'gaitan' (lit. outer tan), are arranged around the exterior wall of the building, whereas those on the inside are called 'naitan' (lit. inner tan).
Japanese: また、建物の外部の壁に沿って単が設けられる場合もあり、これを外単と言って、内部の内単と区別する。
English: Ningai (951 - June 22, 1046) was a Shingon Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 仁海（にんがい、天暦5年（951年）－永承元年5月16日(旧暦)（1046年6月22日））は、平安時代中期の真言宗の僧。
English: Ningai entered the Buddhist priesthood under Gashin of Mt. Koya before being ordained by Gango of Ishiyama-dera Temple.
Japanese: 高野山の雅真（がしん）に師事して得度し、その後石山寺元杲（がんごう）に灌頂を受けた。
English: He went on to establish Mandara-ji Temple (which later became Zuishin-in Temple) in Ono, Yamashina in the year 991 where he founded the Ono School.
Japanese: 991年（正暦2年）山科小野に曼荼羅寺（後の随心院）を建立し、小野流を開いた。
English: In 1018, he mastered rainmaking prayers and was promoted to the rank of Gon-Risshi after performing a miracle.
Japanese: 1018年（寛仁2年）祈雨法を修して霊験を現したことにより権律師に任じられた。
English: Gengo (914 - March 30, 995) was a Shingon Sect Buddhist monk who lived during the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 元杲（げんごう、延喜14年（914年）-長徳元年2月27日(旧暦)（995年3月30日））は、平安時代中期の真言宗の僧。
English: After studying at a kangakuin (Fujiwara clan daigaku-besso (academic facility for nobles) or schools established at temples), he entered the Buddhist priesthood under Ganpo of Daigo-ji Temple before going on to study under Ichijo and Myochin.
Japanese: 勧学院（藤原氏の大学別曹または諸大寺院が建てた学校）に学んだ後、醍醐寺の元方に師事して出家、また一定（いちじょう）・明珍（みょうちん）らに学んだ。
English: He was ordained by Junyu and Kanku, and in the year 968 he became one of the naikubu-juzenshi (the ten selected excellent priests for a Buddhist service in the Imperial Court) and gojiso (personal monk) to the crown prince.
Japanese: 淳祐(僧)・寛空に灌頂を受け、安和元年（968年）内供奉十禅師・東宮護持僧となった。
English: He attained the rank of Gon-Risshi (generally in Shingon sect, fifteenth-ranking Buddhist priest, literally, "supernumerary master of discipline") in the year 981, and that of Gon Daisozu (Junior prelate) in the year 983.
Japanese: 天元(日本)4年（981年）権律師、天元6年（983年）権大僧都に至った。
English: Being well versed in the Ono and Hirosawa schools of the Shingon Sect, he authored numerous works including 'Gushi Kanjo Gishiki' as well as having numerous rainmaking miracles attributed to him.
Japanese: 真言宗の小野・広沢両流に詳しく「具支灌頂儀式」など多くの書物を著し、また祈雨法を修して霊験があったという。
English: Yukai (1345 - August 10, 1416) was a Shingon Sect priest scholar who lived from the Northern and Southern Courts period (Japan) to the mid-Muromachi period.
Japanese: 宥快（ゆうかい、興国6年/貞和元年（1345年）－応永23年7月17日(旧暦)（1416年8月10日））は、南北朝時代(日本)から室町時代中期にかけての真言宗の学僧。
English: At the age of 19, he ascended Mt. Koya where he studied Esoteric Buddhism under Shinko of Hosho-in Temple before taking over from his master as head of Hosho-in Temple in 1374.
Japanese: 19歳で高野山に上り宝性院信弘について密教を学び、1374年（応安7年・文中3年）師の跡を継いで宝性院の院主となった。
English: He also studied under Koga of Ansho-ji Temple in Yamashina, Yamashiro Province (Kyoto City) where he learned the ways of the Anshoji School, and found achieved great success with his Esoteric Buddhist studies on Mt. Koya
Japanese: さらに山城国山科安祥寺(京都市)の興雅に師事して安祥寺流を受け、高野山における密教の学問（事相）を大成した。
English: Yukai's school was called Homon but this spilt into Chokaku's Jumon and Mt. Koya Esoteric Buddhism, and within the Shingon Sect were ranked with Raiyu of Negoro-ji Temple and Koho of To-ji Temple.
Japanese: 宥快の学派は宝門と呼ばれ、長覚の寿門と高野山の密教学を二分し、真言宗内では根来寺の頼瑜や東寺の杲宝と並び称された。
English: Yukai is known as the author of the "Hokyosho," a commentary on the Tachikawa School of Esoteric Buddhism.
Japanese: 密教の一派「立川流(密教)」を批判した書、『宝鏡鈔』を著したことでも知られる。
English: Yua (1291 - c.1379) was a Ji Sect Buddhist monk and Manyo scholar who lived from the latter part of the Kamakura period to the Northern and Southern Courts period.
Japanese: 由阿（ゆあ、正応4年（1291年）－天授(日本)5年/康暦元年（1379年）頃?）は、鎌倉時代後期から南北朝時代(日本)にかけての時宗の僧・万葉学者。
English: He became the disciple of Taa, a direct disciple of Yugyo Shonin, and resided at Shojoko-ji Temple in Sagami Province where he immersed himself in research into the 'Manyoshu.'
Japanese: 遊行上人2世他阿真教の門弟となり、相模国清浄光寺に住して「万葉集」の研究に没頭した。