nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: However, it is partly unavoidable that the resort area is mixed up with the red-light area by the people living in the other areas of Japan, because they are located within 1 square kilometer.
Japanese: その他の地域から見れば1km四方の温泉街が同一視されるのはやむを得ない部分もある。
English: The hot spring belongs to Ogoto Onsen is not brought to the special bathhouses (brothels) located in the red-light district, thus there are no relations between the resort area and the red-light district as hot springs.
Japanese: しかし風俗街で営まれる特殊浴場（ソープランド）には雄琴温泉の源泉は引かれておらず、温泉としての関連性は全くない。
English: However, in fact, the red-light area played a part in attracting guests for Ogoto Onsen, which developed as a hot springs resort with red-light areas, after the war.
Japanese: ただし、戦後の雄琴温泉は歓楽温泉として発展したことで、雄琴の集客において一役買っていたことも事実である。
English: Although it is said that the hot springs were discovered by Dengyo Daishi Saicho (伝教大師最澄) about 1,200 years ago, another story written below exists.
Japanese: 今から約1200年前、伝教大師最澄が開いた湯といわれているが、次のようなエピソードもある。
English: It is said that there was a big snake with 8 heads living around the site, and the valley that the big snake lived had a pond called Nenbutsuike.
Japanese: 昔はこの近くに八つの頭を持つ大蛇が棲んでいたといわれ、その大蛇の棲む谷には念仏池という池があった。
English: The villagers believed that the pond cures diseases, and threw coins in it while chanting nenbutsu (Buddhist invocation).
Japanese: この池は病気に効くというので、村人は念仏を唱えながら賽銭を投げ入れていたという。
English: The place-name Ogoto (雄琴) was named after the Chinese character '雄' (o) of Imaonosukune (今雄宿禰), an aristocrat who owned a shoen (manor in medieval Japan) around that area in the Heian period, and the Chinese character '琴' (koto) (a long Japanese zither with thirteen strings), because the sound of koto was often heard around the mansion of Imaonosukune.
Japanese: 雄琴という地名は、平安時代の貴族、今雄宿禰の荘園があり、その「雄」とその邸からはよく琴の音が聞こえてきたことから、「琴」をとって雄琴と呼ばれるようになった。
English: Especially, at the beginning of 1970s, with the number of the large parties of tourists visiting Ogoto onsen increased, the red-light area was also built on a broad scale.
Japanese: 特に1970年代前半から団体旅行客が増加、それに伴い、大規模な風俗街も作られた。
English: Many adult-entertainment businesses flew into this area, because Turkish bath (kind of a adult entertainment of the time) businesses were barred from Kyoto Prefecture in March 1971.
Japanese: 1971年3月に京都府からトルコ風呂(性風俗)（当時の名称）が締め出されたため、風俗店は生き残りをかけて当地に多数流入した。
English: Publishers of travel guidebooks intentionally avoided Ogoto from their books and an absurd rumor, said any women swim in Lake Biwa near Ogoto gets pregnant, was running rampant up until the late '90s.
Japanese: 90年代後半ぐらいまで旅行ガイドから雄琴の名は意図的に退けられていたり、「琵琶湖の雄琴近隣で女性が泳ぐと妊娠する」といった荒唐無稽ともいえる風評まで飛び交うほどあった。
English: After the collapse of the '90s bubble, the number of the tourists visiting Ogoto had declined, and the owners of the accommodations started to renovate the buildings to survive from the late 1990s.
Japanese: バブル崩壊の1990年代から観光客が減少、生き残りを図るため1990年代後半から各旅館が改装に乗りだした。
English: 'Ogoto International Hotel Kikunoya (雄琴国際ホテルきくのや)' became 'Dantokan Kikunoya (暖灯館きくのや),' 'Kokkaso (國華荘)' became 'Biwako Hanakaido (びわ湖花街道),' and 'Royal Hotel Yuzanso (ロイヤルホテル雄山荘)' became 'Satoyu mukashibanashi Yuzanso (里湯昔話雄山荘).'
Japanese: 「雄琴国際ホテルきくのや」は「暖灯館きくのや」に、「國華荘」は「びわ湖花街道」に、「ロイヤルホテル雄山荘」は「里湯昔話雄山荘」に改称した。
English: Those accommodations are also building new annexes or dependences only with rooms with open air bathes.
Japanese: また、各旅館がこぞって全室露天風呂付きの客室の新館や別館を併設したりしている。
English: Not only changing the names and renovating the buildings of their accommodations but they are also offering elaborately built open air bathes, inventive dishes, and revising the services.
Japanese: そういったハード面だけでなく、各旅館がこぞって、趣向を凝らした露天風呂や創作料理を提供したり、サービス改善に努めたりとソフト面の改善も進行した。
English: The competition among those accommodations creates positive synergetic effect, by which stable development that raises repeat guests and new customers continues and the number of visitors, used to be decreasing, now are coming back little by little.
Japanese: これらの旅館同士の競争がいい相乗効果を生んでおり、着実にリピーター、新規顧客を増やし、安定した成長を続ける結果となり、減少を続けていた宿泊客数は少しずつではあるが、増加に転じている。
English: Those accommodations also take in school trip customers visiting Kyoto area.
Japanese: また、京都方面への修学旅行客受け入れ先としても機能を果たすようになっている。
English: On the other side, the red-light area is one of the biggest special bathhouse (brothel) areas in Kansai region along with the one in Fukuhara, Kobe City, and it is also true that the red-light area plays a role in attracting guests for the hot springs resort area.
Japanese: その一方で、2007年現在も神戸市の福原(神戸市)と並び、関西では屈指のソープランド街を形成しており、風俗街が温泉街の集客力の一部を担っていることも事実ではある。
English: However, the red-light area is separated from the hot springs resort area, and there are no problems for the regular customers to enjoy the stay and recreation.
Japanese: ただし風俗街は温泉街とは隔てられているので、一般客が宿泊、保養を楽しむ分には全く問題はない。
English: The number of the special bathhouses (brothels) is in decline and the red-light area is going down.
Japanese: なお雄琴における特殊浴場の数自体は減少しており、風俗街は衰微傾向にある。
English: Shionoha Onsen Hot Spring (Shionohaonsen) is a hot spring in Kawakami Village, Yoshino County, Nara Prefecture (former Yamato Province).
Japanese: 入之波温泉（しおのはおんせん）は、奈良県吉野郡川上村(奈良県)（旧国大和国）にある温泉。
English: Public transportation: take a bus of Nara Kotsu Bus which is bound for Yumori Onsen Sugi no Yu, at Yamato-Kamiichi Station of the Kinki Nippon Railway Company, get off the bus at `Yumori Onsen Sugi no Yu (Cedar Hot Spring)' to transfer to a bus bound for Shionoha Onsen Hot Spring, and get off the bus at the last stop, which is close to Shionoha Onsen Hot Spring.
Japanese: 公共交通機関：近畿日本鉄道大和上市駅から奈良交通バスで湯盛り温泉杉の湯行きで「湯盛温泉杉の湯」で乗換え、入之波泉行き終点下車すぐ。
English: There are two Japanese-style inns, one is `Yamabatoyu hot spring,' the other is publicly-owned `Goshikiyu hot spring,' on the banks of Osako dam, deep in mountains close to the headstream of Yoshino-gawa River.
Japanese: 吉野川の源流に近い山奥、大迫ダムのほとりに2軒の旅館「山鳩湯」、公営の「五色湯」が存在。
English: Brownish yellow calcareous deposits adhere to the inside of a bathtub to the extent that people cannot recognize that the bathtub is made of wood.
Japanese: 湯船は本来は木の浴槽でありながら、そうであることは全く分からないほどに黄褐色の石灰質の析出物が付着している。
English: The point where hot water drops has a cliff that consists of hot spring constituents, which looks like the calcareous sinter of Futamata Radium Onsen Hot Spring.
Japanese: 湯の落ちる先には二股ラジウム温泉の石灰華を思わせる温泉成分から成る断崖が見られる。
English: On the way of the climbing trail up to Mt. Odaigahara, there is a site of Goshikiyu hot spring, which was a hot spring cure site in the Edo period, and hot spring still comes out even today.
Japanese: 大台ヶ原山に向かう登山道の途中に、江戸時代の湯治.E6.B9.AF.E6.B2.BB.E5.A0.B4であった五色湯跡があり、現在も温泉が湧いている。
English: It has been known as kusuriyu (medicated bath) since ancient times, and it was opened as a hot spring as early as the Heian period.
Japanese: 古くから薬湯として知られ、平安時代にはすでに温泉として開湯されていた歴史がある。
English: The hot spring sank under water when the construction of Osako dam was completed in 1973, but the hot spring revived later in Yamabatoyu Ryokan Inn when the source was struck by boring.
Japanese: 1973年に大迫ダムが完成した際に温泉はダムに沈んだが、その後ボーリングによって源泉を掘り当て、山鳩湯旅館が営業を始めて温泉は復活した。
English: Aside from Shionoha Onsen Hot Spring, there are hot springs that revived after being sunk under water due to a dam including Nichu Onsen Hot Spring, Tsurunoyu Hot Spring (Tokyo), Omaki Onsen Hot Spring, Sarugakyo Onsen Hot Spring, and Oshio Onsen Hot Spring (Fukushima Prefecture).
Japanese: ダムに沈んでから復活した温泉は、他にも日中温泉、鶴の湯温泉(東京都)、大牧温泉、猿ヶ京温泉、大塩温泉(福島県)などがある。
English: Mt. Odaigahara (Odaigaharayama) is located across Kamikitayama Village and Kawakami Village in Yoshino-gun, Nara Prefecture, and former Miyagawa Village, Odai Town, Taki-gun, Mie prefecture.
Japanese: 大台ヶ原山（おおだいがはらやま）は奈良県吉野郡上北山村、同郡川上村(奈良県)および三重県多気郡大台町旧宮川村(三重県)に跨って座す山。
English: Mountains with flat tops are concentrated in the vicinity of Mt. Odaigahara, and those mountains and Mt. Odaigahara are collectively called Odaigahara at times.
Japanese: 頂上の平坦な山が周辺にいくつか集中しており、それらをひとまとめにして単に大台ヶ原（おおだいがはら）と言うこともある。
English: Terrains with flat tops surrounded by steep cliffs are called a peneplane in cycle of erosion.
Japanese: このような頂上が平坦で周囲を傾斜が急な崖で囲まれている地形を地形輪廻準平原という。
English: Therefore, it is designated as a special protection area, which is strictly controlled, within Yoshino-Kumano National Park.
Japanese: そのため吉野熊野国立公園のなかでも特に規制の厳しい特別保護地区に指定されている。
English: Just below Mt. Hidegatake, the dieback of spruce and bamboo fields in Masakimine peak and Masakigahara are well-known.
Japanese: 日出ヶ岳の直下、正木嶺や正木ヶ原のトウヒの立ち枯れと笹原が有名である。
English: Behind these, forests were destroyed and trees were washed away by Isewan Typhoon which hit the Kinki region in 1959, and bamboo started to grow thickly instead of moss which had been growing naturally on the ground.
Japanese: これは、1959年に近畿地方を襲った伊勢湾台風がそれまで覆っていた森林を破壊し、その木々が流出したことによりそれまで地面に自生していたコケ類が衰退、代わって、ササ類が繁茂し始めたためである。
English: As a result, the number of the Japanese deer that mainly eat bamboo has increased and they even eat seedlings and barks of conifers; these complex factors affect the present environmental conditions.
Japanese: その笹を主食とするニホンジカの数が増え、針葉樹の実生や樹皮までも採食するといった複合的な要因によって現在の環境に至っている。
English: Mt. Odaigahara is important as a habitat for wildlife such as a blue-and-white flycatcher, Japanese robin, and Japanese scops owl.
Japanese: また、オオルリやコマドリ、コノハズク等の野生生物の生息地として重要である。
English: For this reason, it is designated as government-designated Mt. Odaigahara wildlife refuge (large-scale habitat) (1,403 hectares of special protection area within the total area of 18,054 hectares).
Japanese: このため、国指定大台山系鳥獣保護区（大規模生息地）に指定されている（面積18,054ヘクタール、うち特別保護地区1,403ha）。
English: For enjoy hiking in Mt. Odaigahara, `Higashi Odai hiking course,' approximately 9 kilometers is recommended starting at the visitor center.
Japanese: 大台ケ原を散策するにはビジターセンターからとなるが、大台ケ原を堪能するなら「東大台ハイキングコース」約9キロがお勧め。
English: However, as there are bumpy roads or roads with high inclination dotting the mountain, the hiking can be tough for people who do not usually do any exercises.
Japanese: だが途中荒れた道や、線形(路線)勾配のきつい道が点在するので普段運動をしない人にとって多少厳しい。
English: Three courses are shown on the hiking map sold at the visitor center (100 yen).
Japanese: ビジターセンターで販売しているハイキングマップ（100円）には3コース紹介されている。
English: Another hiking course with a half distance of the regular course is shown too.
Japanese: その中にはこれよりも半分程度の距離のハイキングコースも紹介されている。
English: From those stated above, the Ministry of the Environment decided to restrict the entry to the mountain in Nishiodai district.
Japanese: 上記のことから、環境省はより西大台地区において入山規制を実施することを決定した。
English: After implementation of the restriction, climbers are required to apply for the paid entry to the mountain in advance to obtain a permit, and to take a lecture at the Odaigahara visitor center on the day of entry to the mountain.
Japanese: 規制以降入山するには、予め申し込んで有料の認定証を取得し、入山当日は大台ヶ原ビジターセンターで講義を受ける必要がある。
English: Most of them are mountains which have certain relation with Atago-jinja Shrine (propagated name) and the name of their origin, Atago-jinja Shrine (Kyoto City) (Kadono-gun, Yamashiro Province), was originated from the name of a mountain.
Japanese: 多くは愛宕神社と関連のある山（伝播地名）であるが、その大元の愛宕神社(京都市)（山城国葛野郡）の名も山名に由来する。
English: Atago-san (Higashimaizuru, Maizuru City) - It is located in a place to the north of the urban area of Higashimaizuru City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 愛宕山(舞鶴市東舞鶴)-京都府舞鶴市の東舞鶴市街地から北寄りにある。
English: Takahashi relay stations (partly for Takahashi-Matsuyama relay station) for various broadcasting companies that cover the central part of the city are located here.
Japanese: 市内中心部をカバーする各放送局の高梁中継局（一部の局は高梁松山中継局）が設置されている。
English: Kamiyu Onsen Hot Spring (Kamiyu Onsen) is a hot spring in Totsukawa-mura, Yoshino-gun, Nara Prefecture (the former Yamato Province).
Japanese: 上湯温泉（かみゆおんせん）は、奈良県吉野郡十津川村（旧国大和国）にある温泉。
English: By car: Take National Route 168 from Gojo City or Singu City, or take Ryujin-Totsukawa Route of Nara Prefectural Road, via National Route 425 from Hiraya Warabio, Totsukawa-mura village (Warabio intersection).
Japanese: 車五條市・新宮市から国道168号、十津川村平谷蕨尾（ワラビ尾交差点）より国道425号経由、奈良県道735号龍神十津川線。
English: By bus: Take Nara Kotsu Bus Lines (Yagi-Shingu Route, Totsukawa Route) from Yamato-Yagi Station of the Kinki Nippon Railway Company, Gojo Station of the West Japan Railway Company (Nara Prefecture), or JR Shingu Station, and transfer to Totsukawa Village Bus (Kamiyukawa Route, Teragaito Route) at the bus stop of `Totsukawa Onsen Hot Spring' and get off the bus at the bus stop of `Ohara entrance.'
Japanese: バス近畿日本鉄道大和八木駅、西日本旅客鉄道五条駅(奈良県)、JR新宮駅より奈良交通（八木新宮線、十津川線）-「十津川温泉」停留所で十津川村営バス（上湯川線、寺垣内線）に乗換-「小原口」停留所下車
English: On March 19, 1985, it was designated as a People's Recreation Spa along with Tosenji Onsen Hot Spring and Totsukawa Onsen Hot Spring.
Japanese: 1985年（昭和60年）3月19日、温泉地温泉、十津川温泉とともに国民保養温泉地に指定。
English: On June 28, 2004, Totsukawa-mura village office declared that hot springs within Totsukawa-mura village are` 100% free-flowing hot-spring.'
Japanese: 2004年6月28日、十津川村役場が、村内の温泉の「100%源泉掛け流し宣言」を発表した。
English: Totsukawa Onsen Hot Spring is a hot spring in Totsukawa-mura, Yoshino-gun, Nara Prefecture (the former Yamato Province).
Japanese: 十津川温泉（とつかわおんせん）は、奈良県吉野郡十津川村（旧国大和国）にある温泉。
English: By bus: Take Nara Kotsu Bus Lines (Yagi-Shingu Route, Totsukawa Route) from Yamato-Yagi Station of the Kinki Nippon Railway Company, Gojo Station of the West Japan Railway Company (Nara Prefecture), or JR Singu Station and get off the bus at the bus stop, `Totsukawa Onsen Hot Spring.'
Japanese: バス近畿日本鉄道大和八木駅、西日本旅客鉄道五条駅(奈良県)、JR新宮駅より奈良交通（八木新宮線、十津川線）-「十津川温泉」停留所
English: The source was drawn to the bank of Futstsuno Dam to develop a hot spring resort when the dam lake was completed in 1974.
Japanese: 1974年にダム湖が出来た際に、湖畔まで源泉を引湯し、温泉街を形成した。
English: On March 19, 1985, it was designated as one of People's Recreation Spa, along with Tosenji Onsen Hot Spring and Kamiyu Onsen Hot Spring..
Japanese: 1985年（昭和60年）3月19日、湯泉地温泉、上湯温泉とともに国民保養温泉地に指定。
English: On April 1, 2005, it was placed to Nara City along with Tsukigase-mura, Soekami district.
Japanese: 2005年4月1日に添上郡月ヶ瀬村とともに奈良市へ編入され、消滅した。
English: The climate there is rather cold in comparison with the basin area, accordingly it is comfortable in summer, while it is terribly cold in winter.
Japanese: 気候は盆地部より比較的冷涼・寒冷で夏季は過ごしやすく、冬季は厳寒を極める。
English: On January 1, 1955, Tsugeno village and Harigabessho village in Yamabe County were synoecized to establish Tsuge-mura village.
Japanese: 1955年（昭和30年）1月1日山辺郡都介野村・同郡針ヶ別所村が合併し、発足。
English: For instance, the village council seemed to be a meeting of representative people in each oaza (an administrative unit) and spokespeople of residents in oaza.
Japanese: 例えば村議会などは、単なる大字ごとの代表者・大字住民の代弁者の集会という色合いが濃かった。
English: Nara City, Tenri City, Sakurai City, Yamazoe Village, Yamabe County, Haibara-cho, Uda County (Nara Prefecture), Muro Village
Japanese: 奈良市、天理市、桜井市、山辺郡山添村、宇陀郡榛原町(奈良県)、室生村
English: Nara City Tsuge Junior High School http//www.naracity.ed.jp/tsuge-j/
Japanese: 奈良市立都祁中学校　http//www.naracity.ed.jp/tsuge-j/
English: Tosenji Onsen Hot Spring is a hot spring in Totsukawa-mura village, Yoshino-gun, Nara Prefecture (the former Yamato Province).
Japanese: 湯泉地温泉（とうせんじおんせん）は、奈良県吉野郡十津川村（旧国大和国）にある温泉。
English: By bus: Take Nara Kotsu Bus Lines (Yagi-Shingu Route, Totsukawa Route) from Yamato-Yagi Station of the Kinki Nippon Railway Company, Gojo Station of the West Japan Railway Company, or JR Singu Station, and get off the bus at the bus stop, `Totsukawa-mura Office.'
Japanese: バス近畿日本鉄道大和八木駅、西日本旅客鉄道五条駅(奈良県)、JR新宮駅より奈良交通（八木新宮線、十津川線）-「十津川村役場前」停留所
English: On March 19, 1985, it was designated as a People's Recreation Spa along with Totsukawa Onsen Hot Spring and Kamiyu Onsen Hot Spring.
Japanese: 1985年3月19日、十津川温泉、上湯温泉とともに国民保養温泉地に指定。
English: It is a mountainous region from Mt. Yoshino to Mt. Omine and its name means that good field suitable for hunting.
Japanese: 吉野山から大峰山の山岳地帯をいい、狩りに適した良い野という意味である。
English: Okuyoshino is a mountainous region in which mountains continue and it was called Omine in ancient time and, in strict definition, it was not included in Yoshino.
Japanese: 奥吉野は山々が連なる山岳地帯で、古くは大峰とよばれ、厳密には吉野に含まれなかった。
English: Yoshino-gawa River continues to Kino-kawa River and flows into Kii Channel and Totsu-kawa and Kitayama-gawa Rivers continue to Kumano-gawa River and flow into Kumano-nada Sea.
Japanese: 吉野川は紀ノ川となって紀伊水道へと流れ下り、十津川と北山川は熊野川となって熊野灘へ注いでいる。
English: It is a rainy region comparable to the Kumano region (from the southern part of Mie Prefecture to Higashimuro County, Wakayama Prefecture) and, at the same time, a typhoon Ginza (an area where typhoons frequently pass).
Japanese: 熊野地方（三重県南部から和歌山県東牟婁郡まで）と並ぶ多雨地帯であり、台風銀座でもある。
English: Yoshino cedar is deemed as one of the three most beautiful forests in Japan together with Akita cedar and Kiso hinoki (Japanese cypress), and forms a major forestry region in Japan.
Japanese: 吉野杉は秋田杉や木曽桧と並んで日本三大美林一つとされ、日本有数の林業地帯となっている。
English: It is famous for cherry blossoms, but most of cherry trees are not Someiyoshino (Prunus yedoensis), the name of which includes Yoshino, but Prunus jamasakura and so on.
Japanese: サクラの名所としても知られるが、多くは吉野の名を冠したソメイヨシノではなく、ヤマザクラの類である。
English: In 2004, sacred sites and pilgrimage routes in the Kii mountain range were registered as a World Heritage site by UNESCO.
Japanese: 2004年には、吉野・大嶺を含む紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道が、国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産に登録された。
English: The scope of 'Yoshino' and 'Yoshino region' changed with times and expanded to deeper and deeper as we go forward in time.
Japanese: 「吉野」「吉野地方」の範囲は時代によって異なっており、時代が下ると共に奥へ奥へと拡大していった。
English: The first appearance of Yoshino in history books is the article of Jinmu tosei (Eastern expedition of the Emperor Jinmu) in the "Kojiki" and the "Nihonshoki" and it is described as the point to be passed through from Kumano Province to Yamato Province.
Japanese: 吉野が最初に史書に現れるのは、『古事記』『日本書紀』の神武東征の記事で、熊野国から大和国に入る通過地として記載されている。
English: Needless to say, as it is a story of half-mythical world, it is difficult to identify correctly, a region along Yoshino-gawa River such as present Kawakami-mura (Nara Prefecture) or Higashiyoshino-mura is considered.
Japanese: 元より半神話の世界なので、正確な比定は困難であるが、現在の川上村(奈良県)、或いは東吉野村などの吉野川沿いの地域が想定される。
English: Yoshino which was recorded as the place of the Emperor Ojin's pleasure, places of Yoshino no miya (Miyataki ruins) as a detached palace established in 654, a place for seclusion for Furuhito no Oe no Miko after Taika no Kaishin (Great Reformation of the Taika Era) or Oama no Miko (later, Emperor Tenmu) and his wife, Uno no Himemiko (later, Empress Jito) immediately before Jinshin War, and the destination for imperial visit of the Empress Jito is considered to mean the detached place, Yoshino no miya, which was located in the vicinity of Miyataki of present Yoshino-cho.
Japanese: 応神天皇の遊興の地となり、654年には離宮として吉野宮（宮滝遺跡）がおかれたとされ、大化の改新後の古人大兄皇子、または壬申の乱の直前の大海人皇子（天武天皇）及びその妻・鸕野皇女（持統天皇）の隠遁地、持統天皇の行幸の地として記されている吉野は、現在の吉野町の宮滝付近にあった離宮・吉野宮を指すものと思われる。
English: From and after the Wado era (708-715), Yoshino was written as '芳野' and the Emperor Shomu often made imperial visits as a place of connection for the dynasty of Tenmu line.
Japanese: 和銅年間以降は「芳野」と表記され、天武系王朝の故地として聖武天皇もたびたび行幸した。
English: In the Heian period, Kinpusen-ji Temple, for which En no Gyoja (A semi-legendary holy man noted for his practice of mountain asceticism during the second half of the seventh century) is deemed as the founder, was established and Mt. Yoshino became the place for Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts).
Japanese: 平安時代には、役行者が開いたと伝えられる金峯山寺が建立され、吉野山は修験道の地となる。
English: In the late stage of the Kamakura period, Imperial Prince Morinaga, who was a prince of the Emperor Godaigo, raised an army in Mt. Yoshino to overthrow the shogunate.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代後期には、後醍醐天皇の皇子である護良親王が吉野山で倒幕の兵を挙げる。
English: After demolition of the shogunate, Godaigo carried out the Kenmu Restoration in Kyoto, but he moved to Yoshino in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) and established Yoshino Imperial Court (Southern Court) by setting up a palace and administrative organs.
Japanese: 後醍醐は幕府滅亡後に京都で建武の新政を開くが、南北朝時代(日本)には吉野へ移り、皇居や行政機関を置いて吉野朝廷（南朝）が成立。
English: Mt. Yoshino of Yoshino-cho was the center, but in the former Nishiyoshino-mura, there was the Ano Imperial residence as an angu (emperor's temporary abode).
Japanese: 吉野町の吉野山を中心とするが、旧西吉野村には行宮としての賀名生皇居があった。
English: In the beginning of the Edo period in 1614, it was in the control of Tenkai, who was an adviser of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: 江戸時代初期には、1614年に徳川家康の顧問を務めた天海の支配下となった。
English: Saidai-ji Temple is a temple which is located in Saidaiji Shibamachi, Nara City, Nara Prefecture and the grand head temple of Shingon Risshu sect.
Japanese: 西大寺（さいだいじ）は、奈良県奈良市西大寺芝町にある、真言律宗総本山の寺院。
English: It was built in the Nara period at the wish of the Empress Koken having Joto, a priest, as kaisan (the first chief priest).
Japanese: 奈良時代に孝謙天皇の発願により、僧・常騰（じょうとう）を開山（初代住職）として建立された。
English: As one of the Seven Great Temples of Nanto (Nara), it boasted magnificent temple buildings in the Nara period, but it declined in the Heian period for a certain time.
Japanese: 南都七大寺の1つとして奈良時代には壮大な伽藍を誇ったが、平安時代に一時衰退した。
English: It was restored in the Kamakura period by Koshobosatsu Eison.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代に興正菩薩叡尊（こうしょうぼさつえいそん）によって復興された。
English: Its sango (the name of a group of Buddhist temples to which the temple belongs) is Shohozan (In the Nara period, temples did not have sango and its sango was given later.).
Japanese: 山号を勝宝山と称する（ただし、奈良時代の寺院には山号はなく、後になって付けられたものである）。
English: Saidai-ji Temple is a temple which was established in 765 at the imperial order of the Empress Shotoku (Empress Koken).
Japanese: 西大寺は、天平神護元年（765年）に称徳天皇の勅願により創建された寺院である。
English: Gilt copper statues of Shitenno (the four guardian kings) which were built by the Retired Empress Koken (Empress Shotoku) invoking suppression of rebellion by FUJIWARA no Nakamaro have been enshrined.
Japanese: 藤原仲麻呂の乱平定を祈願して孝謙上皇（称徳天皇）が造立した金銅四天王像を安置している。
English: Those statues of Shitenno are enshrined in Shitendo (hall for shitenno) of Saidai-ji Temple even today, but only Jaki (imp) which is downtrodden by statue of Zochoten (guardian of the southern quarter) is the original since establishment and all other statues are manufactured or supplemented in the later period.
Japanese: この四天王像は西大寺四王堂に今も安置されるが、増長天像が足元に踏みつける邪鬼だけが創建当時のもので、その他の像、本体も後世の作、補作である。
English: The name of the temple 'Saidai-ji' is, needless to say, in contrast to 'Todai-ji Temple' which is famous for daibutsu (large statue of Buddha).
Japanese: 「西大寺」の寺名は言うまでもなく、大仏で有名な「東大寺」に対するものである。
English: When established, it was a large temple, which was included in the Seven Great Temples of Nanto having magnificent buildings consisting of Yakushikondo (kondo [golden hall] for Yakushi [healing Buddha]), Mirokukondo (kondo for Maitreya-bodhisattva), Shitendo (hall for shitenno), Juichimendo (hall for Juichimen Kannon [eleven-faced Kannon, Goddess of Mercy]), five-story pagodas on the east and west and so on.
Japanese: 創建時は薬師金堂、弥勒金堂、四王堂、十一面堂、東西の五重塔などが立ち並ぶ壮大な伽藍を持ち、南都七大寺の1つに数えられる大寺院であった。
English: However, it declined in the Heian period and many halls and pagodas were lost by fire or typhoon and the temple itself was controlled by Kofukuj-ji Temple.
Japanese: しかし、平安時代に入って衰退し、火災や台風で多くの堂塔が失われ、寺は興福寺の支配下に入っていた。
English: Eison (Koshobosatsu, 1201-1290), a priest in the Kamakura period, is the restorer of Saidai-ji Temple.
Japanese: 西大寺の中興の祖となったのは鎌倉時代の僧・叡尊（興正菩薩、1201－1290）である。
English: Eison was born in 1201 in Sonokami County, Yamato Province (present Yamatokoriyama City).
Japanese: 叡尊は建仁元年（1201年）、大和国添上郡（現・大和郡山市）に生まれた。
English: Since the age of eleven, he had trained himself in Daigo-ji Temple, Koyasan and soon and, in 1235 when he was thirty-five years old, he became the chief priest of Saidai-ji Temple for the first time.
Japanese: 11歳の時から醍醐寺、高野山などで修行し、文暦2年（1235年）、35歳の時に初めて西大寺に住した。
English: Since then, after experiencing the chief priest of Kairyuo-ji Temple (Hokkeji-cho, Nara City) for a certain period, he returned to Saidai-ji Temple in 1238 and devoted himself for restoration of Saidai-ji Temple, which had been devastated, for more than 50 years until he died at the age of ninety years old.
Japanese: その後一時海龍王寺（奈良市法華寺町）に住した後、嘉禎4年（1238年）西大寺に戻り、90歳で没するまで50年以上、荒廃していた西大寺の復興に尽くした。
English: Eison worried about the state of corruption and degradation of Buddhism in Japan at that time and tried to restore the precepts of Buddhism.
Japanese: 叡尊は、当時の日本仏教の腐敗・堕落した状況を憂い、戒律の復興に努めた。