nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The symbolism of the ume tree derives from the Legend of Tobiume (the flying plum tree) that states that the tree flew to Dazaifu to be with Michizane.
Japanese: その梅が大宰府に移動したという飛梅伝説ができたことから、梅がシンボルになっていることが多い。
English: Tenman-gu Shrine takes bulls as shinshi (a messenger of the enshrined deity) as there are various legends that associate Michizane with bulls.
Japanese: また道真とウシにまつわる様々な伝承から、天満宮では牛を神使（祭神の使い）としている。
English: There are many major Tenman-gu Shrines on the path Michizane took to his place of exile in Dazaifu, and three Tenman-gu Shrines such Kitano-tenmangu Shrine, Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine, and Osaka-tenmangu Shrine (or Hofu-tenmangu Shrine), that are considered to have had the deepest connection with Michizane are referred to as the Three Great Tenjins of Japan.
Japanese: 道真が大宰府に流されていった道筋に主要な天満宮の多くはあり、その内特に道真と関係が深いという北野天満宮・太宰府天満宮の二つに大阪天満宮・防府天満宮のいずれかを入れた三つの天満宮については、日本三天神と呼ばれる。
English: The general headquarters, Kitano-tenmangu Shrine was built by the Imperial Court on Ukon no Baba (a riding ground) of which Michizane was particularly fond in order to appease his vengeful spirit, but in reality Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine rather than Kitano-tenmangu Shrine is considered to be the headquarters.
Japanese: 総本宮である北野天満宮は道真が好んだという右近の馬場に朝廷が菅公の怨霊を鎮めるために建立、しかし実際には、北野よりも太宰府のほうが天満宮の総本社と見做されることがある。
English: This is due to the fact that the main hall of Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine has been built on Michizane's burial place (this is particularly unique case while Shinto shrines usually enshrine only the deity's soul).
Japanese: これは、太宰府の本殿が道真の墓の上に建立されたことによる（通常神社は魂のみを祭るだけに珍しい）。
English: Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine receives not only many visitors from all over the country during the New Year and the examination season but also numerous requests to pray by post and fax.
Japanese: 太宰府は正月や受験シーズンなどには、全国から多くの参拝客を集めるほか、郵便やファクシミリにより多くの祈願依頼が寄せられている。
English: According to the National Police Agency's expectation of crowd during year-end and New Year holidays released at the end of each year, Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine expects approximately 2 million visitors every year, which is the highest number in the Kyushu-Okinawa regions as well as in the entire country.
Japanese: 警察庁が毎年末にまとめる年末年始の人出予想においては、太宰府は常に200万人前後の参拝客があると見込まれており、九州・沖縄地域で最多なのはもちろん、全国規模でも上位にランクされている。
English: Of course, other Tenman-gu Shrines have a long history of devoted worship in each region and receive many visitors consisting mainly of local people during the examination season.
Japanese: もちろん、他の天満宮も古くからそれぞれの地元で篤く信仰されてきた歴史があり、受験シーズンには地元を中心に多くの参拝者を集めている。
English: In addition to the Three Great Tenjins of Japan, Tokyo's Kameido-tenjinja Shrine and Yushima-tenmangu Shrine are large-scale shrines in the Tokyo metropolitan area and are both popular among students who are taking entrance examinations in the area.
Japanese: 三天神以外にも、東京の亀戸天神社、湯島天満宮は首都圏でも大規模なもので、首都圏地区の受験生が多く訪れる。
English: The main enshrined deity SUGAWARA no Michizane is accompanied by Chujo-dono (SUGAWARA no Takami, the first child of Michizane) and Kisshonyo (the lawful wife of Michizane).
Japanese: 菅原道真を主祭神とし、相殿に中将殿（道真の長子・菅原高視）と吉祥女（道真の正室）を祀る。
English: Kyoto City is a city of universities and many of Ema (a votive horse tablet) for getting through a university entrance examination hang in the shrine.
Japanese: 京都市が大学の町であることもあってか、掲げられている絵馬には、大学受験合格を祈願するものが多い。
English: Along with Dazaifu-tenmangu Shrine in Fukuoka Prefecture, Kitano-tenmangu Shrine is central to faith in Tenjin, and the divided enshrined deity has been ceremonially transferred from the shrine to new locations throughout the country.
Japanese: 福岡県の太宰府天満宮とともに天神信仰の中心となっており、当社から全国各地に勧請が行われている。
English: After SUGAWARA no Michizane passed away in 903 in Dazaifu where he was wrongly exiled, a succession of accidents occurred in the capital Kyoto such as lightening strikes.
Japanese: 延喜3年（903年）、菅原道真が無実の罪で配流された大宰府で歿した後、都では落雷などの災害が相次いだ。
English: Rumors spread that the disasters were brought by a curse of Michizane, and linked to Goryo-shinko (a folk religious belief of avenging spirits), people feared his vengeful spirit.
Japanese: これが道真の祟りだとする噂が広まり、御霊信仰と結びついて恐れられた。
English: 20 years after his death, the Imperial Court revoked his demotion, restored his official rank and conferred upon him Shonii (Senior Second Rank).
Japanese: そこで、歿後20年目、朝廷は道真の左遷を撤回して官位を復し、正二位を贈った。
English: According to an oracle in 942 which came to a young lady named TAJIHI no Ayako who lived in Shichijo of Ukyo, the shrine pavilions enshrining Michizane were built in Kitano, the current location, by the Imperial Court in June 29, 947.
Japanese: 天慶5年（942年）、右京七条に住む多治比文子（たじひのあやこ）という少女に託宣があり、それに基づいて天暦元年6月9日(旧暦)（947年）、現在地の北野の地に朝廷によって道真を祀る社殿が造営された。
English: It is said that FUJIWARA no Morosuke (a nephew of FUJIWARA no Tokihira and the son of FUJIWARA no Tadahira who is said to be a relative of the Sugawara clan) later donated the buildings of his residence to rebuild the magnificent shrine pavilions.
Japanese: 後に藤原師輔（藤原時平の甥であるが、父の藤原忠平が菅原氏と縁戚であったと言われる）が自分の屋敷の建物を寄贈して、壮大な社殿に作り直されたと言う。
English: The first festival was held by Imperial order in 987 and the name 'Kitano-tenmangu Tenjin' was granted to the shrine by Emperor Ichijo.
Japanese: 永延元年（987年）に初めて勅祭が行われ、一条天皇より「北野天満宮天神」の称が贈られた。
English: Even during the medieval period, the shrine was highly revered by not only the Sugawara clan and the Fujiwara clan but also the Ashikaga Shogunate family.
Japanese: 中世になっても菅原氏・藤原氏のみならず足利将軍家などからも崇敬を受けた。
English: However, Kitano-tenmangu Shrine at the time was the proprietor of the Koji-za (guild of koji (rice malt) manufacturers), and a dispute regarding exclusive rights of manufacturing koji led to an attack in 1444 by the Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) in which the shrine was burned to the ground and temporarily plunged into a period of decline (The Koji Crisis of the Bunan Era).
Japanese: だが、当時北野天満宮を本所としていた麹座の麹製造の独占権を巡るトラブルから文安元年（1444年）に室町幕府の攻撃を受けて天満宮が焼け落ちてしまい、一時衰退する（文安の麹騒動）。
English: On October 1, 1587, the Great Kitano Tea Gathering was held in the precinct by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: 天正15年（1587年）10月1日、境内において豊臣秀吉による北野大茶湯が催行された。
English: During the Edo period, the image of Michizane as a vengeful spirit began to lose favor as he came to be regarded as the patron of scholars, and divisions of Kitano-tenmangu Shrine's Tenjin deity enshrined in Terakoya (private elementary schools in Edo period).
Japanese: 江戸時代には道真の御霊としての性格は薄れ、学問の神として広く信仰されるようになり、寺子屋などで当社の分霊が祀られた。
English: In 1871, the shrine was raised to the rank of Kanpei Chusha, and with this, its name was forced to be changed to 'Kitano-jinja.'
Japanese: 1871年（明治4年）に官幣中社に列するとともに「北野神社」と改名させられる。
English: The reasons of renaming was that to address the shrine with the suffix '-gu,' used in the former name, the enshrined deity had to be basically a member of the Imperial household and also the Imperial Court authorized the shrine using the suffix.
Japanese: 「宮」を名乗るためには祭神が基本的には皇族であり、かつ勅許が必要であったためである。
English: The shrine's former name of Kitano-tenmangu was restored after the abolition of Governmental Control of State Shinto after the Second World War.
Japanese: 旧称の北野天満宮の呼称が復活したのは、戦後の神道国家管理を脱したあとである。
English: In 1912, Kyoto City Streetcars started to run between the shrine and Kyoto Station on the Horikawa-line (commonly known as the Kitano-line).
Japanese: 1912年には、京都駅との間で、京都市電堀川線（通称北野線）が走るようになった。
English: The Keifuku Electric Railway Co. Kitano-Line ran to the front of Kitano-tenmangu Shrine until 1958 when it came to stop at Hakubaicho Station (renamed Kitano Hakubaicho station at the time) on the pretext of turning over the Kitano-Hakubaicho route to Kyoto City Streetcars due to the construction of the Imadegawa Line.
Japanese: また1958年までは、神社の前まで京福電気鉄道北野線が乗り入れていたが、京都市電今出川線建設のため、北野～白梅町間の路線を市電に譲る形で白梅町（その時北野白梅町駅と改名）止まりとなった。
English: Katana sword inscribed Kitano Tenman Tenjin Toyotomi Hideyori-ko Gozoei no tera tokini keicho juni teibi juichi gappi (Kitano Tenman Tenjin Shrine was erected by Hideyori TOYOTOMI in November of the year of 12, the Keicho era), Shinano no kami Kunihiro Zo (Created by Kunihiro of Shinano no kami (Governor of Shinano Province))
Japanese: 刀　銘北野天満天神豊臣秀頼公御造営之寺于時慶長十二丁未十一月日信濃守国広造
English: Sangaku: Dedicated to both Imanishi Shoemon Shigeyuki and Iida Busuke Masanari, and hung at Emado in 1686.
Japanese: 算額　貞亨3年（1686年）今西小右衛門重之、飯田武助正成奉納　絵馬堂に掲額
English: Sangaku (Japanese votive tablets featuring mathematical puzzles) : Dedication from eleven people such as Junai SHINMYO, Harumitsu MIMUROTO and Yasukiyo KURAHASHI in 1878, hung at Ema-do Hall (shrine building where votive picture tablets are hanged).
Japanese: 算額　明治12年（1878年）新名重内，三室戸治光，倉橋泰清など11名奉納　絵馬堂に掲額
English: The shrine's northern gate stands near Hirano-jinja Shrine, famous for its sakura cherry blossom, and the Kinugasako mae bus stop on Nishi Oji-dori Street can be reached by passing through Hirano-jinja Shrine from the northern gate.
Japanese: なお、当社の北門は桜の名所でもある平野神社にほど近く、北門から平野神社の中を通って西大路通りの衣笠校前バス停に行くこともできる。
English: Michizane was very fond of ume and composed the waka (a traditional Japanese poem of thirty-one syllables) to the ume tree in his garden, 'Kochi fukaba Nioi okoseyo ume no hana aruji nasitote haruna wasureso (recently haruwo wasuruna)' (Whenever the east wind blows, my dear plum blossoms remember spring, even if your master won't be here), following his demotion and exile to Dazaifu.
Japanese: 道真は梅をこよなく愛し、大宰府左遷の際、庭の梅に「東風（こち）吹かば　匂い起こせよ　梅の花　主なしとて　春な忘れそ（現在は「春を忘るな」とされることもある）」と和歌を詠みました。
English: The ume tree of the shrine's crest comes from the Legend of Tobiume (flying ume tree), which tells that the ume tree so longed to be with SUGAWARA no Michizane that one night it flew to Dazaifu.
Japanese: その梅が菅原道真を慕って一晩のうちに大宰府に飛来したという飛梅伝説ができたことから、梅が神紋となっている。
English: These trees blossom at the same time of year as the school examination season so it is during this period that the shrine receives the greatest number of students and their families in addition to increased numbers of tourists who visit to see the ume blossom.
Japanese: ）梅の花の咲く頃は受験シーズンであるので受験生やその家族の参拝がもともと多いが、加えて観梅の観光客も多く訪れる。
English: Tenman-gu Shrine also enshrines the bull as a shinshi (a messenger of the enshrined deity) as there are many legends that link Michizane to the bull, including those that claim that 'Michizane was born in the year of the bull (in chinese calendar),' 'died on the day of the bull in the month of the bull (in chinese calendar),' 'Michizane rode a bull to Dazaifu,' 'a bull saved Michizane from an assassin,' and 'a bull decided the location of Minchizane's grave (Dazaifu Tenman-gu Shrine).'
Japanese: 牛は天満宮において神使（祭神の使者）とされているが、その理由については「道真の出生年は丑年である」「亡くなったのが丑の月の丑の日である」「道真は牛に乗り大宰府へ下った」「牛が刺客から道真を守った」「道真の墓所（太宰府天満宮）の位置は牛が決めた」など多くの伝承があります。
English: It is not known which are true and which are merely legend but the grounds of Kitano-tenmangu Shrine contain many statues of bulls in a lying down position that are believed to serve as shinshi.
Japanese: どれが真実なのか、それとも全て伝承に過ぎないのかは今となっては良くわからないものの、それらの伝承にちなみ北野天満宮には神使とされる臥牛の像が多数置かれている。
English: Of these legends, the one that 'a bull saved Michizane from an assassin' is recognized strong relation with the wild boar legend of Go-jinja Shrine enshrining WAKE no Kiyomaro.
Japanese: 伝承のうち「牛が刺客から道真を守った」というのは和気清麻呂を祭神とする護王神社のイノシシの伝承との関連性が強く認められる。
English: Its origin lies in a thatched hut named Ichijo Shikanin built by Denkyo Daishi Saicho in 788.
Japanese: 伝教大師最澄が788年（延暦7年）に、一乗止観院という草庵を建てたのが始まりとされる。
English: The principal image is a statue of Bhaisajyaguru (usually withheld from public view) that was carved by Saicho who is said to have prayed three times after every stroke of his blade.
Japanese: 本尊は最澄が一刀三礼して刻んだ薬師瑠璃光如来と伝えられております（秘仏）。
English: The holy flame in front of the statue lit by Saicho is known as the Eternal Light as has burned continuously for 1200 years without even once being extinguished.
Japanese: その宝前に灯明をかかげて以来最澄のともした灯火は1200年間一度も消えることなく輝き続けているので、不滅の法灯と呼ばれる。
English: Of the three halls (Yakushido, Monjudo, Kyodo) built by Saicho, the central Yakushido hall became known as Chudo (lit. central hall) and this name remained after the three halls were combined into a single temple complex.
Japanese: 中堂という呼称の由来は、最澄創建の三堂（薬師堂・文殊堂・経蔵）の中心に位置することから薬師堂を中堂と呼ぶようになり、後にこの三堂は一つの伽藍にまとめられ、中堂という名前が残ったとされる。
English: As the center of Hieizan Enryaku-ji Temple, it was called Konpon Chudo (lit. root temple in the center) and it is the central building of the Todo (east pagoda) area of Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 比叡山延暦寺の中心であることから根本中堂といい、比叡山では東塔という区域の中心的建築物である。
English: In 1443, when the former Southern Dynasty's Hino clan, among others with the aim of restoring the Southern Dynasty, sparked the Kinketsu Coup by stealing part of the Three Sacred Treasures of Japan from the Imperial palace in Kyoto, the conspirators held up in Konpon Chudo and were besieged by the Shogunate army and warrior monks after the imperial order was given to track them down and kill them.
Japanese: 1443年（嘉吉3年）年に南朝(日本)復興を目指す後南朝の日野氏などが京都の御所から三種の神器の一部を奪う禁闕の変が起こると、一味は根本中堂に立て篭もり、朝廷から追討令がでた事により幕軍や山徒により討たれる。
English: Following its destruction by fire during Nobunaga ODA's raid, the current Konpon Chudo was rebuilt over a period of 8 years from 1634 (completed in 1641) by order of the third Tokugawa Shogun, Iemitsu TOKUGAWA acting on the counsel of Jigen Daishi Tenkai.
Japanese: 現在の根本中堂は、織田信長焼き討ちの後、慈眼大師天海の進言により徳川三代将軍家光の命によって、1634年（寛永11年）より8年の歳月をかけて再建されたもの（完成は1641年（寛永19年）。
English: The purlins measure 37.57 meters, the crossbeam measures 23.63 meters, the height of the eaves is approximately 9.78 meters, the ridge measures 24.46 meters and the entire building is topped by a single storey in Irimoya-zukuri (hip-and-gable roof).
Japanese: 桁行11間（37.57m）、梁間6間（23.63m）、軒高約9.78m、棟髙24.46m、屋根は一重、入母屋造。
English: The southern side is in the shinden-zukuri style (architecture representative of a nobleman's residence in the Heian period) and forms the inner courtyard in which there are bamboo racks placed to appeal to the gods of Japan.
Japanese: 南側に中庭が配置される寝殿造となっており、その中庭に日本中の神々を勧請する竹台がある。
English: The hall is divided into an outer chamber, central chamber and inner chamber, of which the inner chamber housing the principal image is also known as 'Shugyo-no-tanima' (lit. Valley of Discipline) due to its stone paved floor that lies 3 meters lower than the outer and central chambers, and its role as the place in which monks chant sutras and pray.
Japanese: 堂内は外陣・中陣・内陣に分かれ、本尊を安置している内陣は中陣や外陣より3mも低い石敷きの土間となっており、内陣は僧侶が読経・修法する場所であることから別名「修業の谷間」といわれる。
English: The building has a unique structure in that the height of the principal image and the Eternal Light in the inner chamber are at the same height of the visitors in the central chamber and it is known as Tendai-zukuri or Chudo-zukuri, which is a characteristic of Tendai Buddhist temples.
Japanese: 内陣の本尊・不滅の法灯と中陣の参詣者の高さが同じという珍しい構造になっており、これを天台造又は中堂造と呼ばれ、天台仏堂の特色を示している。
English: The ceiling of the central chamber is adorned with a painting named 'Hyakka-no-zu' (hundreds of flowers) in which 200 flowers have been painted in rich colors.
Japanese: 中陣の天井は「百花の図」といわれ、二百に及ぶ草花が極彩色で描かれている。
English: In the center of the central chamber is a throne on which a tablet with the word 'Denkyo' (transmitting the teaching of Buddhism) written by Emperor Showa is displayed.
Japanese: 中陣中央には玉座がり、その上に昭和天皇宸翰の「伝教」と書かれた額が掲げてある。
English: Heian-jingu Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Sakyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 平安神宮（へいあんじんぐう）は、京都府京都市左京区にある神社である。
English: Heian-jingu Shrine was built in 1895 for the 1,100th anniversary of the relocation of the capital city to Heiankyo and enshrines Japan's 50th Emperor Kanmu, the emperor in the period of the capital relocation.
Japanese: 1895年（明治28年）に平安遷都1100年を記念して平安京遷都当時の天皇であった第50代桓武天皇を祀る神社として創建された。
English: In 1940, a commemorative ceremony for the 2,600th year of the founding of Japan, Japan's 121st Emperor Komei, the final Emperor to reside in Heiankyo, were added to the enshrined deities.
Japanese: 紀元二千六百年記念行事にあたる1940年（昭和15年）に、平安京で過ごした最後の天皇である第121代孝明天皇が祭神に加えられた。
English: On January 6, 1976 a fire broke out in which nine buildings including the main building and inner sanctuary were lost.
Japanese: 1976年1月6日、火災が発生し本殿・内拝殿など9棟が炎上、消失した。
English: As a relatively new shrine, it had not been designated a cultural property and was therefore not eligible to receive national subsidies, but was rebuilt three years later thanks to funds donated from all over the country.
Japanese: 創建が比較的新しく文化財指定を受けていなかったため、国からの補助金が見込めなかったが、全国からの募金により3年後に再建された。
English: The large vermillion front gate, based on the Heian period Oten-mon Gate, is a well-known feature of Heian-jingu Shrine.
Japanese: 平安時代の応天門を模した、大きく赤く光る朱色の正面の門が特徴である。
English: The shrine precinct covers an area of approximately 66,200 square meters, including the traditional Japanese garden known as 'Heian-jingu Shinen,' the approximately 33,100 square meters.
Japanese: 敷地面積は約10000坪の日本庭園である「平安神宮神苑」を含め、約20000坪ほどある。
English: Shinen has been nationally designated a place of scenic beauty and was created over a period of more than 20 years by seventh-generation master gardener Jihei OGAWA (Ueji), who lived during the Meiji period into the Showa period.
Japanese: 神苑は明治から昭和にかけての名庭師である7代目・小川治兵衛（植治）が20年以上かけて造った名園で、国の名勝に指定されている。
English: Shinen is home to numerous creatures including birds rarely found in areas inhabited by humans such as the common kingfisher and northern goshawk, the Japanese Pond Turtle which has waterweed growing on its shell, and the Asian Yellow Pond Turtle which is extremely rare in Japan.
Japanese: 神苑には人里には少ないカワセミや大鷹などの鳥類や、甲羅に草を生やすミノガメ、日本では非常に珍しいミナミイシガメなどが棲息している。
English: In commemoration of the shrine's founding, the Jidai-Matsuri (Festival of Ages) is held on October 22, the date that the decision was made to relocate the capital city to Heiankyo.
Japanese: 創建を記念して、平安京遷都の日である10月22日に時代祭が行われるようになった。
English: Since autumn of 2003, the Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa has been held by the volunteer students in Kansai in Heian-jingu Shrine and the Okazaki area.
Japanese: 2003年の秋からは、平安神宮及び岡崎地域一帯にて、関西の有志の学生達による京都学生祭典が開催されている。
English: Every year, the Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa records the spectator numbers in excess of 100,000 and is one of the most representative big festivals of Kyoto.
Japanese: この京都学生祭典は毎年10万人以上の観客動員数を記録しており、京都を代表する大きな祭の一つとなっている。
English: Mai KURAKI performed live in the precinct of Heian-jingu Shrine during the first Kyoto Intercollegiate Festa in October 2003.
Japanese: 2003年10月には、第一回京都学生祭典において倉木麻衣によるライブが境内にて行われた。
English: During her performance, Mai, who was a student of a university in Kyoto at that time, talked enthusiastically rapped about the beauty of Kyoto, especially the changing of the four seasons, and the crowd were fascinated by her and her passion.
Japanese: ライブ中のMCでは、自身が当時在籍していた大学のある京都の美しさ、特に四季の移り変わりの美を熱く語り、観客は彼女とその思いに魅了された。
English: The Heian-jingu Shrine area is maintained as the Okazaki Park (Kyoto City) to be a cultural zone.
Japanese: 平安神宮の周辺は岡崎公園(京都市)として整備されており、文化ゾーンになっている。
English: Through Otori (the giant torii) to the west is the Kyoto Prefectural Library; The National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto; and Kyoto Kaikan Hall, and to the east is the Kyoto Municipal Museum of Art and the Kyoto City Zoo.
Japanese: 大鳥居を挟んで西には京都府立図書館、京都国立近代美術館、京都会館、東には、京都市美術館、京都市動物園などがある。
English: It was relocated to Nijo-dori Street, Teramachi-dori Street (now Nakagyo-ku Ward) in 1590 during Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's creation of the temple district (Teramachi).
Japanese: 豊臣秀吉の寺町建設に伴い、天正18年（1590年）に寺町通二条通（現中京区）に移転。
English: In 1708, the temple caught fire in the great fire of the Hoei era and was moved to its current site (Niomon-dori Street Nishi-iru, Higashioji-dori Street, Sakyo-ku Ward).
Japanese: 宝永5年（1708年）の宝永の大火で類焼したため、現在地（左京区東大路通仁王門通西入）に移転。
English: Nikkai was a highly skilled Go player who was unrivaled in his day and was praised as Meijin (strongest Go player) by Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 日海は碁技に優れ、当時敵手無く、信長から名人_(囲碁)と称揚された。
English: After Nikkai, the word Honinbo became the title of the a grand master of Go to be inherited its successors.
Japanese: 日海以降、本因坊の名称は碁界家元の地位をもち、襲名継承される様になった。
English: Hachiman (Hachiman-shin/Yawata no kami) is a deity worshipped only in Japan.
Japanese: 八幡神（はちまんしん、やはたのかみ）は、日本独自で信仰される神である。
English: Shrines that enshrine Hachiman are named Hachiman-jinja Shrine (Hachiman-sha Shrine, Hachimangu Shrine, Wakamiya-jinja Shrine) and there are said to be between 10,000 and 20,000 in Japan - making it the second most numerous type of Shinto shrine after Inari-jinja.
Japanese: 八幡神を祀る神社は八幡神社（八幡社・八幡宮・若宮神社）と呼ばれ、その数は1万社とも2万社とも言われ、稲荷神社に次いで全国2位である。
English: On the other hand, Shoji OKADA claimed that classifying all of the nation's shrines by their enshrined deities gives a total of 7,817 devoted to Hachiman, the greatest numbers in Japan.
Japanese: 一方、岡田荘司らによれば、祭神で全国の神社を分類すれば、八幡信仰に分類される神社は、全国1位（7817社）であるという。
English: Although believed to have been a deity of agriculture or the sea, Kunio YANAGIDA considered that it may be a blacksmith deity.
Japanese: 農耕神あるいは海の神とされるが、柳田國男は鍛冶の神ではないかと考察している。
English: It is said that it was enshrined by a man named OGA no Higi during the reign of Emperor Kinmei (539-571).
Japanese: 欽明天皇の時代（539年～571年）に大神比義という者によって祀られたと伝えられる。
English: According to texts such as "Hachiman Usagu Gotakusenshu" (the biography of Usa Hachimangu Shrine), Hachiman manifested as 'Honda no Sumera Mikoto Hirohata Yahatamaro' (Honda no Sumera Mikoto was the posthumous name of Emperor Ojin) on January 1, 571 - leading to the belief that Hachiman is Emperor Ojin.
Japanese: 宇佐八幡宮の社伝『八幡宇佐宮御託宣集』などでは、欽明天皇32年（571年）1月1日に「誉田天皇広幡八幡麿」（誉田天皇は応神天皇の国風諡号）と称して八幡神が表れたとしており、ここから八幡神は応神天皇であるということになっている。
English: Yahata Hachimangu Shrine (Yahata Hachimangu in Buzen Ayahata-go) in Shida-machi, Chikujo-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture, said to be the origin of Usa Hachimangu Shrine and now known as Kintomi-jinja Shrine, is uniquely known as the sacred place in which Hachiman first manifested himself.
Japanese: この宇佐八幡宮のいわゆる元宮とされる、福岡県築上郡椎田町の矢幡八幡宮（豊前綾幡郷矢幡八幡宮）、現在の金富神社は、「原始八幡神顕現の霊地」であり他に類を見ないと言われている。
English: This shrine was initially known as 'Yahata Hachiman', and then named 'Minato Hachiman' and 'Kinutomi Hachiman' before being given its current name 'Kintomi Hachiman' during the Edo period.
Japanese: この神社は最初「矢幡八幡」と呼ばれ、次で「湊八幡」、「絹富八幡」、「金富八幡（江戸時代）となり今日に至る。
English: It is written in the Usa Hachimangu Shrine history 'Hachiman Usagu Gotakusenshu' that Daibugu Shrine (Daibu Hachimangu Shrine) presently in Kaho-gun (former Honami-gun), Fukuoka Prefecture is the main shrine of Usa Jingu Shrine and the origin of Hakozakigu Shrine.
Japanese: また今の福岡県の穂波郡にある大分宮（大分八幡宮）は宇佐神宮の本宮であり箱崎宮の元宮であると宇佐八幡宮の由緒書き「八幡宇佐宮御託宣集」に書かれてもいる。
English: The main deity is Emperor Ojin, who is enshrined with Empress Jingu and Hime-gami, which are also collectively known as Hachiman-shin (Hachiman Sanshin, the three Hachiman deities).
Japanese: 現在では、応神天皇を主神として、神功皇后、比売神を合わせて八幡神（八幡三神）ともしている。
English: Empress Jingu was the mother of Emperor Ojin and the two are said to have been the basis of the belief in Oyako-gami (Bashi-gami), or parent-child deities.
Japanese: 神功皇后は応神天皇の母親であり、親子神（母子神）信仰に基づくものだといわれる。
English: Hime-gami is often described as the wife of Hachiman, but this relationship is not well understood.
Japanese: 比売神は八幡神の妃神と説明されることも多いが、その出自はよく分かっていない。
English: There is a theory claiming that Hime-gami was the original local deity enshrined at Usa and that Hachiman was brought in later, and another theory that Hime-gami is one of the three Munakata goddesses or Ichikishima-hime-no-mikoto, but recent theories have emerged that claim Hime-gami to have been Himiko or Amaterasu (Sun-goddess).
Japanese: 八幡神は外来神で比売神はそれ以前に宇佐に祀られていた地主神だという説や、比売神は宗像三神または市杵島姫命であるという説、近年では比売神は卑弥呼でありアマテラスであるという説も登場している。
English: The deity enshrined at Hachiman-jinja Shrines is Emperor Ojin, but there are many in which Emperor Ojin is enshrined alongside his father, Emperor Chuai.
Japanese: 八幡神社の祭神は応神天皇だが、応神天皇の父である仲哀天皇をともに祀っているところも多い。
English: The word 'Hachiman' first appeared in "Shoku Nihongi" (Chronicle of Japan Continued) in 737 and the pronunciation 'Yahata' from the term 'Hirohata no Yahata no Okami' is given by the imperial edict in 749 from the same book.
Japanese: 「八幡」の文字が初めて出てくる『続日本紀』天平9年（737年）で、読み方を同書天平勝宝元年（749年）の宣命に「広幡乃八幡大神」のように「ヤハタ」と読みました。