nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Blessed with the conditions of the time including the Britain's favorable stance toward Japan due to the anxiety of the Imperial Russia's advancement to the East Asia, the negotiations almost succeeded.
Japanese: 帝政ロシアが東アジアに進出することに不安を抱くイギリスが日本に好意を持つなど時勢にも恵まれ交渉は成功しかけた。
English: In addition, the Russia's ministry-counselor visited Aoki after the incident and protested against the indefinite imprisonment of the culprit Sanzo TSUDA, although his death penalty had been promised.
Japanese: なお、この際ロシア公使に対して犯人津田三蔵の死刑を確約しながら、判決が無期懲役となり公使が抗議に訪れた。
English: Aoki explained to the ministry-counselor that it was because he had been instructed to do so by Hirobumi ITO and Kaoru INOUE, which created their animosity toward him.
Japanese: するとこれを伊藤博文と井上馨の指示だと述べたことによって両名の恨みを買う事になった。
English: (Aoki, who was the Minister, had the right to decide what content would be noticed finally to the minister-counselor of the counterpart nation.)
Japanese: （相手国公使に対する通告内容に関する最終決定権は大臣である青木にある）
English: Aoki was committed to revising the treaty as the minister-counselor in Britain with the Foreign Minister Munemitsu MUTSU, and succeeded in revising the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation in 1894.
Japanese: 1894年駐英公使として陸奥宗光外務大臣と条約改正に尽力、日英通商航海条約改正に成功。
English: In addition Aoki dealt with Hokushin (North China) Incident as the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Second Yamagata Cabinet, and tried to intervene aggressively in the incident, detecting the movement of the powerful countries.
Japanese: また第2次山縣内閣外務大臣として北清事変に対処、列強の動きを敏感に察知し積極的な介入を試みた。
English: He promoted introducing the German political system and culture as the most well-versed expert on Germany in Japan.
Japanese: 日本におけるドイツ通の第一人者としてドイツの政治体制、文化の導入をはかった。
English: (Heibonsha Wide Toyo bunko in 2004) ISBN 4-256-80168-5
Japanese: （平凡社ワイド版東洋文庫、2004年）ISBN4-256-80168-5
English: Masachika KUMEBE (June 6, 1841-September 25, 1910) was from Osaka, Settsu Province and a member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 久米部正親（くめべまさちか、天保12年4月17日(旧暦)（1841年6月6日）-明治43年（1910年）9月25日）は、摂津国大阪出身の新選組隊士。
English: The Boshin War broke out in 1868, and he got injured in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi; however, he participated in the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma.
Japanese: 慶応4年（1868年）に戊辰戦争が勃発し、鳥羽伏見の戦いで負傷するが、甲州勝沼の戦いにも参戦。
English: Tetsugoro ITO (1840 - June 20, 1868?) from Kyoto, Yamashiro Province, was a member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 伊藤鉄五郎（いとうてつごろう、天保11年（1840年）-慶応4年5月1日(旧暦)（1868年6月20日）?）は、山城国京都出身の新選組隊士。
English: It is said that during the Boshin War, he participated in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi and the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma, and he was killed in the Battle of Shirakawaguchi.
Japanese: 戊辰戦争時には、鳥羽伏見の戦い、甲州勝沼の戦いに参戦し、白河口の戦いにおいて戦死したとされる。
English: Among Nobori NAKAJIMA' paintings, Ito was painted when he was fighting in Shirakawa.
Japanese: 中島登が描いたなかでも、伊藤は白河で戦っているところを書かれたという。
English: O Kikuchi (1847 - June 15, 1868), from the Hirosaki Domain, Mutsu Province, was a member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 菊池央（きくちおう、弘化4年（1847年）-慶応4年4月25日(旧暦)（1868年6月15日））は、陸奥国弘前藩出身の新選組隊士。
English: He joined the Shinsengumi in 1867, and after he was defeated in the Battle of Toba Fushimi and the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma during the Boshin War, he went to Aizu via Nagareyama.
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）に新選組に入隊し、戊辰戦争では鳥羽伏見の戦い、甲州勝沼の戦いに敗退後、流山を経て会津へ向かう。
English: Although he performed a feat defeating Taisho (Major Captain) of the New government army in the Battle of Shirakawaguchi, he was killed in this war.
Japanese: 白河口の戦いでは、新政府軍大将を討つ手柄をあげたが、同戦いにて戦死。
English: Tadao ARAI (March 5, 1835 - February 15, 1891) was Shoshi shirabeyaku ken kansatsu (Shinsengumi's organizational post for investigating movements of the opponents and keeping the Shinsengumi members under control) of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 新井忠雄（あらいただお、天保6年2月7日(旧暦)（1835年3月5日）-明治24年（1891年）2月15日）は、新選組諸士調役兼監察。
English: He had lived in Edo since he was eighteen years old and joined the Shinsengumi at the age of 31 in 1864.
Japanese: 18歳より江戸で生活し、元治元年(1864年)、31歳で新選組に入隊。
English: It is said that Arai, a heavy drinker, went to the site of the Sanjo-ohashi Bridge Noticeboard Incident dead drunk after having a lot of sake (rice wine) and took part in the battle in September, 1866.
Japanese: 大酒飲みだった新井は、慶応2年（1866年）9月の三条制札事件の際にも、大量の酒を飲んだ後で、泥酔状態のまま現場へ向かって戦闘に及んだと言う。
English: In 1867, he broke away from the Shinsengumi with Kashitaro ITO and other people, and formed Goryo-eji (guards of Imperial mausoleums).
Japanese: 慶応3年（1867年）、伊東甲子太郎らと共に新選組を離脱して御陵衛士を結成。
English: Kaisuke HASHIMOTO, from the Yamato Koriyama Domain, (1835 - June 3, 1871) was a member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 橋本皆助（はしもとかいすけ、天保6年（1835年）-明治4年4月16日(旧暦)（1871年6月3日））は、大和郡山藩出身の新選組隊士。
English: After leaving his clan, he participated in raising an army of Mt. Tsukuba by Mito tengu to, and joined the Shinsengumi in 1866.
Japanese: 脱藩して水戸天狗党の筑波山挙兵に応じ、慶応2年(1866年)に新選組に入隊。
English: In appreciation of his service in Sanjo-ohashi Bridge Noticeboard Incident, he became a regular member and was promoted to a corporal, however he broke away from the Shinsengumi with Kashitaro ITO and other members in 1867, and formed Goryo-eji.
Japanese: 三条制札事件の功労によって正式隊士となり、伍長に昇格するが、慶応3年(1867年)には伊東甲子太郎らと同意して新選組を離脱、御陵衛士を結成。
English: Makoto KONDO (October 29, 1831 - September 4, 1886) was an educator, a thinker during the Meiji period, one of the six greatest educators of the Meiji period and the founder of Kogyokusha Junior High School and High School.
Japanese: 近藤真琴（こんどうまこと、1831年10月29日（天保2年9月24日(旧暦)）-1886年（明治19年）9月4日）は、明治の教育家、思想家、明治の明治六大教育家の一人、攻玉社中学校・高等学校創立者。
English: He lost his father on October 16, 1834 and succeeded the headship of the family at the age of four; he changed his name to Makoto (imina [personal name]), Kiin (azana [Chinese courtesy name which was, historically, the name formerly given to adult Chinese men, used in place of their given name in formal situations; scholars and the literati of Japan adopted this custom of courtesy name]), and his common name to Seiichiro.
Japanese: 天保5年（1834年）9月14日に父を亡くし、4歳で家督を相続すると、諱を真琴、字を徽音、通称を誠一郎とした。
English: He established the foundation of seamanship, land surveying in Japan and took the initiative of education in the fields of mathematics and civil engineering.
Japanese: 日本における航海術、測量学の基礎を確立したほか、数学、土木学の教育の先鞭を付けた。
English: He took the position to promote the kana literature, and he was also know as the author of 'Kotoba no sono' (garden of words), which was the first kana-writting dictionary in Japan.
Japanese: かな文学を推進する立場を取り、日本初のかな書き辞書である「ことばのその」の著者としても知られている。
English: In 1869, he entered the government service at Tsukiji Navy Training Center, and served in a variety of posts such as the senior assistant professor on military science, the junior assistant professor on military science and a middle professor on military science, and in the end, he was promoted to the Lieutenant Colonel of the Navy.
Japanese: 明治2年（1869年）、築地海軍操練所に出仕し、兵学大助教、兵学少教授、兵学中教授などを歴任し、海軍中佐まで昇進。
English: He was dismissed in 1872, and in January of the following year, he began serving in the Ministry of the Navy as a sixth rank navy civilian employee.
Japanese: 明治5年（1872年）に免官となり、翌年1月、海軍省6等出仕となり軍属として勤める。
English: He went to Europe as official trips, and successively appointed to the posts such as a second rank professor in the Navy, the section chief of navigation in the Naval Academy, serving as a fifth rank official, the vice president of naval educational affairs and the first rank instructor.
Japanese: 欧州出張、海軍二等教官、海軍兵学校(日本)航海課長、五等出仕、海兵教務副総理、一等教官などを歴任。
English: He contributed to the education at the Naval Academy until he was dismissed in February, 1886.
Japanese: 明治19年（1886年）2月に免官となるまで、海軍兵学校での教育に貢献した。
English: Makoto KONDO made great achievements as a modern Japanese scholars that could be counted as one of the pioneers in the area.
Japanese: 近藤真琴は近代国語学者として先駆者の一人に数えられる業績を残している。
English: In addition, he published books such as 'Fumimanabi no Omune' (Outline of how to learn words), 'Mayumi no Ochiba' (Fallen leaves of Mayumi) and 'Kani Shogaku Kyokasho' (Easy text books on how to teach elementary students).
Japanese: その他近藤真琴は「ふみまなびのおほむね」「まゆみのおちば」「かんいせうがくけうくわしょ」を刊行した。
English: In 'Letters' he wrote about the origin of kana, in 'Language' about the classification, characters and usage of words, and in 'Auxiliary' about auxiliary verbs.
Japanese: 「文字篇」では仮名の発生と発音の理を、「言語篇」では語の類別、性質、用法などを、「助用言」では助動詞についてを、それぞれ説いている。
English: There is an anecdote in "Chikuhaku Manpitsu"(written by Nobutsuna SASAKI) published in June, 1928, that during the Meiji period, when the necessity to draw up the Japanese anthem arose and the Ministry of Navy was approached on that matter, Kondo, who happened to be serving the ministry, wrote the draft of the lyrics since he was well-versed in affairs and literature in the Western countries.
Japanese: 明治期に日本の国歌を策定する必要が発生して海軍省に打診があった際、たまたま海軍省へ出仕していた近藤が西洋事情と文学に詳しいということで歌詞の素案を書いたという話が昭和3年（1928年）6月に発行された『竹柏漫筆』（佐佐木信綱著）に掲載されている。
English: According to the book, although many supported Kondo's lyrics, the lyrics were abandoned because a few people in the Ministry of the Navy opposed it.
Japanese: 同書によるとその歌詞は賛同が多かったものの海軍省内の一部で異論があり、お蔵入りになったとされている。
English: Uchu ONO (January 14, 1837 - June 11, 1911) was a feudal retainer of the Karatsu Domain in the end of Edo period and a member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 大野右仲（おおのうちゅう、天保7年12月8日(旧暦)(1837年1月14日)-明治44年(1911年)6月11日）は、幕末期の唐津藩士で、新選組隊士。
English: He was born as the first son of a feudal retainer of Karatsu Domain, Kansuke ONO, and he entered Shoheizaka Gakumonjo (Shoheizaka School) at the age of 21 in 1856.
Japanese: 唐津藩士大野勘助の長男に生まれ、安政3年(1856年)、21歳より昌平坂学問所で学ぶ。
English: Around the beginning of May, he stayed in his old friend, Tsugunosuke KAWAI's who rose to Hitto karo (the head of chief retainers) of the Echigo Nagaoka Domain at that time, and he came upon the scene where the Nagaoka Domain started the war with the New government army due to breaking off of Ojiya danpan (Ojiya negotiation) after Nagaoka Domain's adhering to neutrality ("Shidankaisokkiroku").
Japanese: 5月始めごろには、旧友で当時越後長岡藩の筆頭家老にまで登りつめていた河井継之助のもとに居り、長岡藩が中立堅持の末、小千谷談判の決裂により新政府軍との開戦に至る現場に居合わせた（『史談会速記録』）。
English: Under Hakodate Government (Ezo Republic), he became an immediate subordinate of Toshizo HIJIKATA who took office as 陸軍奉行並 (the corresponding post of an army commissioner), and then, he served as Hijikata's assistant from the battle at Fatamataguchi to the all-out assault of Hakodate.
Japanese: 箱館政権(蝦夷共和国)下では、陸軍奉行並に就任した土方歳三直属の部下となり、二股口の戦いから、箱館総攻撃に至るまで土方の補佐役を務めた。
English: According to Ono's literary work "Hakodate Senki", Ono saw Toshizo HIJIKATA who was on the way to Hakodate City at Chiyogaoka jinya (regional government office), and accompanied him to Ippongi kanmon (a barrier).
Japanese: 著書『函館戦記』によれば、大野は明治2年(1869年)5月11日、千代ヶ岡陣屋で箱館市中に向かう土方歳三を目撃して、共に一本木関門へ向かった。
English: Since the warship of the New government army, Cyoyomaru, was torpedoed and sunk by the warship of the former army of bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), Banryumaru, in Hakodate Port, they made an attack toward the direction of Benten Daiba (Cape Benten Battery) by Hijikata's command.
Japanese: 箱館港では旧幕府軍蟠竜丸が新政府軍朝陽丸を轟沈せしめたため、土方に命じられて弁天台場方面へ進撃。
English: Although soldiers took flight one after another, it is said that Ono believed that 'Hijikata certainly stopped them at Kanmon.'
Japanese: 敗走する兵が続出していたが、大野は「奉行(土方歳三)が、敗走兵を必ず関門で食い止めてくれる」と信じていたと言う。
English: However, when Ono was surprised that there was no sign of decreasing the number of soldiers who took flight and returned to Chiyogaoka jinya, he was told by his colleagues such as Torao OSHIMA and Saisuke YASUTOMI that Hijikata was killed in the war.
Japanese: しかし、敗走兵の留まる様子が無いことに驚いて千代ヶ岡陣屋へ引き返したところ、同役の大島寅雄・安富才助らから土方の戦死を知らされた。
English: After that, he told Kazue SOMA who visited to Goryokaku to meet Hijikata about his death.
Japanese: その後、土方を訪ねて五稜郭へ訪れていた相馬主計に土方の死を伝えたとも言われている。
English: It is said that Ono surrendered to the enemy with other Shinsengumi members at Benten Daiba, however there is also a different view concerning this.
Japanese: 大野はその後、弁天台場で新選組隊士らと共に降伏したとされるが、異論もある。
English: Goro NAKAMURA (1849 - July 15, 1867), from the Utsunomiya Domain, Shimotsuke Province, was a member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 中村五郎（なかむらごろう、嘉永2年（1849年）-慶応3年6月14日(旧暦)（1867年7月15日））は、下野国宇都宮藩出身の新選組隊士。
English: In May 1865, he applied for recruitment of Shinsengumi members by Toshizo HIJIKATA, Kashitaro ITO and Hajime SAITO, and joined the Shinsengumi at the age of 17.
Japanese: 慶応元年（1865年）4月の土方歳三、伊東甲子太郎、斎藤一らによる隊士募集に応じて、17歳で新選組に入隊。
English: When the Shinsengumi's promotion to Shogun's retainer was determined in July 1867, he decided to break away from the Shinsengumi with other members including Shimenosuke SANO, Tsukasa IBARAKI and Juro TOMIKAWA who had strongly believed the idea of Sonno Joi (reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners), and asked them to join Goryo-eji (guards of Imperial mausoleums) formed by Ito who also separated from the Shinsengumi, however his request was turned down.
Japanese: 慶応3年6月に新選組の幕臣取り立てが決定すると、尊皇攘夷思想の強かった佐野七五三之助・茨木司・富川十郎らと共に脱退を決意して、伊東らが新選組と分離して結成していた御陵衛士への入隊を希望するが拒否されてしまう。
English: Nakamura who had nowhere to go visited the residence of Kyoto shugoshoku (Military governor of Kyoto) of the Aizu Domain to plead for his withdrawal from the Shinsengumi, however, things didn't go well and he committed suicide there.
Japanese: 行き場を失った中村らは、会津藩京都守護職邸へ新選組脱退を嘆願するも、上手く事は運ばず、同地にて自刃。
English: Waichiro MOTOI (1843 - date of death unknown) was from Kasuzaki, Kariwa County, Echigo Province and belonged to the Shinsengumi for only a short time.
Japanese: 元井和一郎（もといわいちろう、天保14年（1843年）-没年不明）は、越後国刈羽郡粕崎出身で、極短期間のみ新選組に所属。
English: He was born as the child of Moriemon MOTOI, a myoshu (owner of rice fields), however he didn't get along with his older brother, Taizo, and he left home in May 1858 to settle in the house of his uncle, Eikichi, in Ueno Isesaki.
Japanese: 名主元井森右衛門の子として生まれたが、兄・鯛蔵と仲が悪く、安政5年（1858年）5月に家出して、上野伊勢崎の伯父・栄吉のもとに住み着く。
English: In 1861, he moved to his relative, Torakichi's house, and in 1863 he visited Mankichi ECHIGOYA's, a mercantile house in Kamiya-cho Edo.
Japanese: 文久元年（1861年）、今度は縁戚・乕吉のもとに移り、文久3年（1863年）には江戸神谷町の商家越後屋万吉のもとを訪ねた。
English: Although he applied for recruitment of the Shinsengumi members by the leader, Isami KONDO, and joined the Shinsengumi in October, 1864, he left the Shinsengumi before going to Kyoto.
Japanese: 元治元年（1864年）10月、新選組局長近藤勇による隊士募集に応じて一時新選組へ入隊するが、京都へ向かう前に脱退。
English: When the Boshin War broke out, he decided to return to his home because the Tokugawa shogunate broke down and he couldn't get a salary.
Japanese: 戊辰戦争が勃発すると、徳川幕府が崩壊して給料が得られなくなってしまったため、帰郷を決意。
English: On his way home, he met a troop led by 古屋佐久左衛門 (Sakuzaemon FURUYA) (later, Shoho-tai) in the Sano Domain, and was almost forcibly taken in it.
Japanese: 途中、佐野藩で古屋佐久左衛門率いる一隊（後、衝鉾隊）に遭遇し、なかば強制的に所属させられる。
English: After their surrender in Hakodate War, he became in custody of the Shizuoka clan, and was pardoned in March, 1870.
Japanese: 箱館戦争降伏後、静岡藩預かりとなり、明治3年（1870年）3月、赦免。
English: Kakugoro INOUE (November 30, 1860 - September 23, 1938) was a Japanese businessman and statesman.
Japanese: 井上角五郎（いのうえかくごろう、1860年11月30日（万延元年10月18日(旧暦)）-1938年9月23日）は、日本の実業家、政治家。
English: He started to practice calligraphy at terakoya (a private elementary school in the Edo period) at the age of six and then started to learn Chinese characters from Kyuko YAMAMURO, a Confucian scholar in the Bingo-Fukuyama Domain in Bingo Province, but skipped grades to enter the Seishikan, a Fukuyama domain school as a special case by recommendation of Yamamuro because he was doing very well at school.
Japanese: 6歳から寺子屋で手習いをはじめ、8歳から備後備後福山藩の儒学者山室汲古に漢字を習い始めるが学業優秀だったため山室の推薦により飛び級で福山藩校誠之館に特例入学。
English: After entering the Seishikan, he learned Sinology and mathematics and became a selected student (scholarship student) because he was specially excellent in mathematics.
Japanese: 入学後は漢学と数学を学び数学が特に優秀だったため準得業生（特待生）となる。
English: In 1873, an elementary school was set up in the Inoue family's estate as the first one in the district, and Inoue, at the age of 14, became a teacher at the school by the request of the villagers.
Japanese: 1873年、井上家の所有地内にその地区で初めて小学校が設けられたが、当時14歳の井上は村人に請われその学校の教師となっている。
English: After the graduation at the age of 19, he taught at several elementary schools and in the following year he went up to Tokyo counting on Yoshinao KOBAYASHI who was from the same village and his senior at school.
Japanese: 19歳で卒業しいくつかの小学校に勤務したが、翌年同郷の先輩小林義直を頼り上京。
English: Three months later, he became Yukichi FUKUZAWA's shosei (a live-in student who performs domestic duties while studying) by recommendation of Kobayashi to enter Keio Gijuku (an educational institution) and he graduated from it at the age of 23.
Japanese: 三月ほどして小林の薦めで福澤諭吉の書生となり学校法人慶應義塾に入学、23歳で卒業。
English: When Inoue was invited by the Korean government along with his fellow pupils, Takuzo USHIBA and Masanobu TAKAHASHI, Fukuzawa, who was concerned about the Korean people's awareness-raising and felt it necessary to improve their literacy rate to achieve it, gave him instructions, saying 'it is necessary to issue newspapers written in Korean language to achieve Korean independence and Korean people's enlightenment.'
Japanese: 朝鮮の一般庶民の意識改革の為、識字率を上げる必要を感じていた福沢は、朝鮮政府に招聘された井上と、同じく招聘された同門の牛場卓蔵、高橋正信に「朝鮮の独立と朝鮮人の啓蒙の為には、朝鮮語による新聞の発行が不可欠」と訓示した。
English: Ushiba and Takahashi gave up their intent and left Korea due to the stringent circumstance and returned to Japan, but Inoue stayed in Korea and in due time he came to assume the position of diplomatic advisor.
Japanese: 牛場と高橋は厳しい情勢に見切りをつけて帰国したが、井上だけは朝鮮に留まり、やがて外衙門顧問（外交顧問）に就任。
English: Inoue was engaged in translation and editorial supervision of a Korean newspaper, "Hanseong Sunbo (Kanjo Junpo)" (Hanseong Ten-day Reports) issued by the Kaika group (advocate for civilization) including Yonghyo PAK (박영효) in 1883.
Japanese: 1883年朴泳孝ら開化派が発行した「漢城旬報」に井上は翻訳、編集指導として関わった。
English: "Hanseong Sunbo" was the first modern newspaper in Korea and all the text was written in pure classical Chinese when it was launched.
Japanese: 「漢城旬報」は朝鮮における最初の近代的新聞で文章は当初は純漢文だった。
English: The Gapsin Coup broke out in December 1884, which is considered as a trigger for the annexation of Korea, and it is said that Inoue who was deeply involved in the coup, fled to Japan together with Ok-gyun KIM and Yonghyo PAK.
Japanese: 1884年12月に朝鮮で起こった甲申政変は、韓国併合の契機となったといわれるが、この事件に井上は深く関与し金玉均・朴泳孝らと共に日本に逃れたとされる。
English: When the newspaper published a negative article on the Gapsin Coup, Hung Chang LI (a Chinese leading politician who directed the Chinese policy in Korea) complained to the Korean government over its content, and Inoue resigned as a diplomatic advisor to take responsibility.
Japanese: しかし、甲申政変の批判記事を載せたところ、李鴻章から朝鮮政府に対する抗議があり、井上はその責任をとって外交顧問を辞任。
English: "Hanseong Sunbo" (issued once every 10 days), which ceased its publication for a while due to the Gapsin Coup, restarted to be issued as the "Hanseong Chubo" (Hanseong Weekly Bulletins) (issued weekly) in 1886 and Inoue was employed again as the editorial supervisor.
Japanese: 甲申政変によって一時停止されていた「漢城旬報」（10日に一回発行）は、1886年「漢城周報」（週に一回発行）として発行され、井上も再び編集指導として採用された。
English: "Hanseong Chubo" was the first newspaper written in an eclectic style using Chinese characters and Hangeul.
Japanese: この「漢城周報」では、新聞としては初めて漢字とハングルの混交文が使用された。
English: The newspaper was read mainly by government officials and its readership did not expand to the ordinary people, but this is considered as one of the important episodes of using Hangeul in Korea.
Japanese: 読者は主に役人でこの新聞自体は庶民には浸透しなかったが、朝鮮におけるハングル使用の中の一つの重要なエピソードとされている。
English: Right after he returned to Japan on January 1885, he was arrested for the involvement in the Gapsin Coup and convicted for contempt of government officials for insulting Hirofumi ITO and Kaoru INOUE, who were Genroin gikan (councilors of Chamber of Elders).
Japanese: 1885年1月に帰国した直後、甲申政変に関係した廉で捕らえられ、伊藤博文、井上馨両元老院議官を侮辱したと官吏侮辱罪で有罪判決を受ける。
English: In June 1887, encouraged by Fukuzawa to immigrate to the United States of America, he moved to the United States with some 30 persons from Hiroshima Prefecture.
Japanese: 1887年6月には、福沢にアメリカ合衆国移住を勧められ、30数名の広島県人者を連れて渡米。
English: Around that time, Japanese immigrants into the U.S. mainland were mainly students and those who came to work were in the minority.
Japanese: この頃アメリカ本土への移民は、まだ学生が主で労働目的の移民は多くなかった。
English: After he came back from the United States in 1888, he joined the Great Merger Movement led by Shojiro GOTO, with whom he a long acquaintance since he was a student at Keio Gijuku.
Japanese: 1888年アメリカから帰国後、慶應義塾在学時代から知遇を得ていた後藤象二郎の大同団結運動に参加。
English: In 1892, he became a member of the Central Negotiation Society, a political party in favor of the government, and he joined the board of Hokkaido Colliery and Railway Company.
Japanese: 1892年、吏党系の中央交渉部に籍を移して、更に北海道炭鉱鉄道の重役となる。
English: As he gained a reputation as a 'lawmaker well-connected with the business world,' for his policy of proactively introducing foreign capital, he became an immediate target of the political activist who were critical about his policy and he was frequently assaulted by those activists.
Japanese: 外資導入などを積極的に行い“実業界議員”として名を馳せると、これを良しとしない壮士（政治活動家）の、いの一番の標的となり、たびたび狙われ暴行を浴びた。
English: In 1891, those who assaulted Inoue were ordered to leave the Diet Chamber during the Imperial Diet session under the public security regulations.
Japanese: 1891年には、井上に暴行を加えた者達が、保安条例に基づき帝国議会会期中の退去を命ぜられた。
English: He carried a sword cane with him as a cautionary measure, and the following year, 1892, when he was attacked by a man who proclaimed himself a political activist of the Liberal Party, he fiercely fought against the aggressor.
Japanese: 用心のため仕込杖を持ち歩き、翌年1892年には、自由党の壮士と名乗る者に襲われ大立ち回りを演じた。
English: That same year, the following statement by a radical political activist appeared in the "Tokyo Nichinichi Shinbun" (the 'Tokyo Daily Newspaper'): "if you see the emerging pattern, that the target of the parties' pro-democracy political activists must not be limited to Inoue, and the current situation demands that all the mayor conservatives in the Diet deserve violent treatment, you should perceive that riot and strife of any imaginable scale could occur at any moment, and so on."
Japanese: この年の『東京日日新聞』に「民党壮士が目指すものは独り井上に止まらず、温派議員の錚々たる者には総て乱暴を仕掛くべしとの模様も見ゆれば、今程は何れにても如何なる騒動の起り居るならんも知らずと云々」と過激な壮士の発言が掲載された。
English: After that, he formed his own parliamentary group without joining the Kokumin Kyokai Party (of Japan), however afterwards, he joined the Kenseito Party which agreed with him on the railway nationalization policies.
Japanese: その後、国民協会_(日本)には参加せずに独自の会派を結成するも、後には鉄道国有政策で意見の一致する憲政党に入党。
English: Although he belonged to the Seiyu Party subsequently, he confronted with the party on financial policies, and he was expelled from the Seiyu Party in 1901.
Japanese: 引き続き政友会にも所属したが、財政方針で対立し1901年、政友会を除名された。
English: Around that time, political cartoons of Inoue drawn with a deformed crab-like face frequently appeared in newspapers, and a rumor spread that posting a slip of paper with the phrase 'Mr. Kakugoro INOUE is staying here' on one's house entrance could prevent smallpox; such treatment ensured he was one of the most well-known men of the age.
Japanese: この頃の新聞などに、蟹の顔をした井上の漫画がよく書かれたり、天然痘が流行した頃、家の入口に「井上角五郎様御宿」と書いた紙を貼れば、天然痘除けになるという噂が広るなどこの時代の名物男であった。
English: He won the election for thirteen times in a row until 1924 and attended the first to the 47th Imperial Diet.
Japanese: 1924年まで連続当選13回、第1回から第47回までの帝国議会に参加した。
English: After involved in the establishment of Keifu Railways (connecting between Soul and Busan in Korea) and South Manchuria Railways, he promoted such activities as the organizational reform of railway operation, development of new coal mines, and the expansion of contingent businesses as the executive managing director (virtually the president) of Hokkaido Colliery and Railway Company (later Hokkaido Colliery & Steamship Co., LTD.).
Japanese: 京釜鉄道、南満州鉄道設立に関わった他、北海道炭鉱鉄道（のち北海道炭礦汽船）専務（実質社長）として鉄道業務機構の改組、新炭鉱の開発、付帯事業の拡張を推し進めた。
English: He reinforced railway transportation capacity by establishing a full-range coke plant and Wanishi Iron Works (later Nippon Steel Corporation Muroran Works) amongst others.
Japanese: 大規模コークス工場や輪西製鉄（のち新日本製鐵室蘭製鐵所）の設立などで鉄道輸送力を強化。
English: Moreover, in 1907 he established the Japan Steel Corporation--said to be the first Japanese company to accept foreign (British) capital--and contributed greatly to the colliery and railway industries in Hokkaido.
Japanese: また1907年、日本初の外資（イギリス資本）導入といわれる日本製鋼所を設立、北海道の炭礦鉄道事業に多大な業績を残した。