nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: However, the government expressed their negative views because the request was made by the opposition party, the proposal was not legally binding and Japan was in recession in 1900 to 1901.
Japanese: しかし、野党案であったことや、建議に拘束力がなかったこと、1900-01年の日本は不況期であったことなどから、政府は消極姿勢であった。
English: On the contrary, the diet adopted a 'proposal of establishing Hokkaido imperial university' in 1901, and a 'proposal of establishing Tohoku imperial university' in 1902 to appeal to the government.
Japanese: 対して議会では、1901年（明治34年）「北海道帝国大学設立建議」、1902年（明治35年）「東北帝国大学設立建議」と重ねて採択が行われ、政府へ働きかけた。
English: In 1902, Minister of Education Dairoku KIKUCHI (former president of the University of Tokyo) of the first Katsura Cabinet said that 'imperial universities other than Tokyo and Kyoto Imperial Universities were unnecessary' and proposed a draft of establishment of practical vocational schools.
Japanese: 1902年（明治35年）、第1次桂内閣の菊地大麓文相（元東京大学総長）が、「東京・京都以外に帝大は設立不要」とし、実用的な専門学校の設置案を提案した。
English: The draft was abandoned due to dissolution of the House of Representatives, but it was decided to establish special higher education facilities in each of the prefectures that offered a large amount of donation, and the Fukuoka College of Medicine, Kyoto University was established based on the Fukuoka Prefectural Fukuoka Hospital in 1903 with a national budget of 1,500,000 yen.
Japanese: 衆議院解散で設置案は流れたが、九州帝大設置のために巨額の寄付を申し出ていた各県に専門の高等教育機関の設置が決まり、まず、国から150万円の予算を得て1903年（明治36年）に福岡県立福岡病院をもとに京都大学福岡医科大学が設立された。
English: After that, Nagasaki Koto Shogyo Gakko (Nagasaki Higher Commercial School) was established in 1905, Sendai Higher Technical School and Kumamoto Higher Technical School were established based on Faculty of Engineering, the Former Fifth High School, in 1906.
Japanese: その後、1905年（明治38年）に長崎高等商業学校が、1906年（明治39年）に仙台高等工業学校、および、第五高等学校工学部をもとに熊本高等工業学校が設置された。
English: When the first Saionji Cabinet was formed headed by Prime Minister Kinmochi SAIONJI who made efforts to establish Kyoto Imperial University and was willing to establish higher education facilities, the budget for establishing Tohoku Imperial University (Sendai City) and Kyushu Imperial University (Fukuoka City) was included in the 1907 budget.
Japanese: 1906年（明治39年）、京都帝大の設置に尽力し、高等教育機関の設置に前向きな西園寺公望を首相とする第1次西園寺内閣が成立すると、1907年度（明治40年度）予算に東北帝国大学（仙台市）および九州帝国大学（福岡市）の設置予算を組み込んだ。
English: Finance Minister Itaya reduced the budget due to a recession after Japanese-Russo War and it was impossible to establish the universities.
Japanese: しかし、日露戦争後の不況期に入ったことを理由に板谷蔵相によって予算は削減され、設立は絶望的となった。
English: Minister of home affairs, Takashi HARA (Morioka Domain, Outside the Morioka Castle, from present Hongu, Morioka City, Iwate Prefecture) managed to persuade Toranosuke FURUKAWA (17 years old) who was vice-president of Furukawa Mining and the second-generation owner of Furukawa zaibatsu, to provide the fund to establish the two imperial universities and the establishment of the universities was approved in the cabinet 17 days after the reduction of the budget.
Japanese: このとき、古河鉱業副社長であった原敬内務大臣(日本)（盛岡藩盛岡城外・本宮村、現岩手県盛岡市本宮出身）が、古河財閥の二代目オーナーの古河虎之助（当時17歳）を説得し、両帝国大学設立のための資金を献納させることを取り付け、予算削減から17日目に両帝国大学の設置が閣議決定された。
English: Furukawa zaibatsu that built a fortune due to the booming (1904 to 1905) resulted from Japanese-Russo War had pollution problems caused by the Ashio Copper Mine Mineral Pollution and conciliated public opinion by donation to the public.
Japanese: 日露戦争による好況（1904-05年）によって財を成した古河財閥は、一方で足尾銅山の鉱毒による公害問題を抱えており、公のために寄付をすることで世論の沈静化を願った。
English: The headquarters of Tohoku University was established in Sendai City in June 1907, and Sapporo Agricultural School was promoted to the College of Agriculture, Tohoku Imperial University (Sapporo City) in September in the same year.
Japanese: 1907年（明治40年）6月、東北大学本部が仙台市に設置され、同年9月に札幌農学校が東北帝国大学農科大学（札幌市）に昇格した。
English: College of Science, Tohoku Imperial University (Sendai City), was newly established in January, 1911 and the headquarters of Kyushu University was established and College of Engineering, Kyushu Imperial University, was newly established (both in Fukuoka City).
Japanese: 1911年1月には、東北帝国大学理科大学（仙台市）が新設され、九州大学本部の設置および九州帝国大学工科大学の新設がなされた（両者とも福岡市）。
English: In April in the same year, the Fukuoka College of Medicine, Kyoto Imperial University, was transferred to College of Medicine, Kyushu Imperial University.
Japanese: 同年4月には、京都帝国大学福岡医科大学が移管されて九州帝国大学医科大学となった。
English: Not only the donations from local well-wishers, but also the donations of about 1,060,000 yen in five years beginning with 1907 from Furukawa zaibatsu were used to establish these universities (construction cost: 987,739 yen, office expense: 69,137 yen).
Japanese: これらの大学設置には、地元からの寄付金等も用いられたが、1907年度から5年間で約106万円に上った古河財閥の寄付金が用いられた（内訳は建築費が987,739円、事務費用69,137円）。
English: The fund for construction of buildings from Furukawa zaibatsu was as follows: 135,519 yen for the College of Agriculture, Tohoku Imperial University, 244,170 yen for College of Science, Tohoku Imperial University, and 608,050 yen for College of Engineering, Kyushu Imperial University.
Japanese: 古河財閥からの校舎建設資金は、東北帝大分が、農科大学135,519円、理科大学244,170円、九州帝大分が工科大学608,050円であった。
English: The third 'proposal of establishing Hokkaido imperial university' was adopted in the diet in 1911, but the government expressed negative views.
Japanese: 1911年（明治44年）、三度目の「北海道帝国大学設立建議案」が議会で採択されたが、政府は消極的だった。
English: However, when economic conditions improved during World War I (1915 to 1918), the situation changed and the College of Agriculture, Tohoku Imperial University, was separated from Tohoku Imperial University and Hokkaido University was established in April, 1918, before each imperial university was reorganized from colleges to departments according to the promulgation of the University Law.
Japanese: しかし、第一次世界大戦による好況（1915-18年）に入ると風向きが変わり、大学令公布に伴う各帝国大学の分科大学制から学部制への改組に先立って、1918年（大正7年）4月、札幌区所在の東北帝国大学農科大学を東北帝大から分離して北海道大学が設立された。
English: The 'foundation and expansion plan of high schools in the miscellaneous category' was adopted in the Imperial Diet under the Hara cabinet in the same year, and Faculty of Economics was established in Tokyo Imperial University and Kyoto Imperial University and Faculty of Law and Letters was established in Tohoku Imperial University and Kyushu Imperial University.
Japanese: 同年、原内閣の下、「高等諸学校創設及拡張計画」が帝国議会で可決され、東京帝国大学・京都帝国大学に各々経済学部が、東北帝国大学・九州帝国大学には各々法文学部が設置された。
English: The details of establishment of Imperial University in this period were complicated due to the relationship between Imperial Diet and the government, problem of funding and constructing school buildings, and the relations between the predecessor institutions of high education and newly established Imperial Universities; and it was associated with the relationships with Shosuke SATO (last master of Sapporo Agricultural School, first president of the College of Agriculture, Tohoku Imperial University, first president of Hokkaido Imperial University), who was from Morioka Domain like Takashi HARA and a class mate in hanko Sakujinkan Shubunjo (domain school, Sakujinkan Shubunjo).
Japanese: 帝国議会と政府との関係、資金面の問題、校舎建設の問題、前身となる高等教育機関と新設各帝国大学との関係から、この時期の帝国大学の設立経緯は複雑であり、原敬と同じ盛岡藩出身で藩校作人館修文所で同級生だった佐藤昌介（札幌農学校最後の校長、東北帝国大学農科大学初代学長、北海道帝国大学初代総長）も関係している。
English: The imperial universities established in this period were named after regions and other Imperial Universities were named after cities.
Japanese: また、この時期設立の帝大は全て地方名が大学名として採用され、その他の帝大が都市名を冠しているのとは対照的となっている。
English: Since the Imperial Universities were established for political reasons in Sendai City (population 120,000), Sapporo City (population 100,000) and Fukuoka City (population 95,000) which were more thinly populated than Osaka City (population 1,250,000), Nagoya City (population 430,000) in three major metropolitan areas, Hiroshima City (population 160,000), and Kanazawa City (population 130,000), campaigns for establishment of Imperial Universities were carried out in large cities (-> Order of populations (1920) of prefectural capitals and ordinance-designated cities).
Japanese: なお、三大都市圏の大阪市（125万人）や名古屋市（43万人）、あるいは、広島市（16万人）や金沢市（13万人）に比べて人口が少ない仙台市（12万人）、札幌区（10万人）、福岡市（9.5万人）に政策的な理由で帝国大学が設置されたため、他の大都市では帝国大学設置運動がその後も続いた（→都道府県庁所在地と政令指定都市の人口順位1920年（大正9年）の人口順位）。
English: 6. Keijo Imperial University (established in 1924, abolished due to the defeat of World War II and reorganized to Seoul National University)
Japanese: 6.京城帝国大学（1924年設立、敗戦による廃校後ソウル大学校に再編）
English: Nationalism spread after the end of World War I by Fourteen Points (January 8, 1918) and Treaty of Versailles (1919), March First Movement (1919) occurred in Korea in the period of Japan's rule and there is a strong movement on foot to establish private universities in national and U.S.A. missionary groups.
Japanese: 十四か条の平和原則（1918年1月8日）、ヴェルサイユ条約（1919年）によって、第一次世界大戦後に民族自決が広まり、日本統治時代の朝鮮では三・一独立運動（1919年）が発生し、民族系およびアメリカ合衆国系宣教師団で私立大学設立の動きが見られた。
English: Japan became a permanent member of the League of Nations when it was organized in 1920, took an international position, acted upon 'inland territorial expansionism' (assimilationism in the foreign parts) in the period of Japan's rule of Korea/(Taiwan) inland territorial expansionism (1915 to 1937)/Kwantung Leased Territory and established numerous higher education facilities (-> higher education facilities former foreign parts).
Japanese: 日本は、1920年（大正9年）の国際連盟発足に伴い常任理事国(国際連盟)の一員となり、国際的地位を得る中、朝鮮・日本統治時代(台湾)内地延長主義時期（1915年-1937年）・関東州などにおいて「内地延長主義」（外地の同化政策）を採って、数々の高等教育機関を設立していった（→旧外地の高等教育機関）。
English: Establishment of the Imperial Universities in the foreign parts had implications of suppressing nationalism there, but the numbers of departments and students were limited, professors and most students were Japanese and some national newspaper criticized racial discrimination.
Japanese: 外地での帝国大学設立は、外地での民族自決を抑え込む意味合いがあったものの、学部数や定員は限定され、また、教授陣は日本人、かつ、学生の多くも日本人であったため、民族差別を訴える民族系新聞もあった。
English: While all universities and higher education facilities in the inland (Japan) were under control of Ministry of Education, most schools and universities in the foreign parts, including Keijo Imperial University and Taipei Imperial University, were under control of Taiwan Sotoku-fu, Chosen Sotoku-fu, Kanto kyoku or Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Japanese: また、全ての内地（日本国内）の大学・高等教育機関が文部省管轄下にあったのに対し、京城・台北の両帝国大学を始め、外地のほとんどの学校・大学が台湾総督府・朝鮮総督府・関東局あるいは外務省の管轄下に置かれた。
English: Tokyo suffered devastating damage by the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, the population of Osaka City and Nagoya City increased greatly because people moved there from Tokyo (order of populations of prefectural capitals and ordinance-designated cities).
Japanese: 1923年に発生した関東大震災により、東京が壊滅的な打撃を受けた一方、東京からの移住者により、大阪市や名古屋市の人口は急増した（都道府県庁所在地と政令指定都市の人口順位）。
English: A campaign for establishment of Imperial Universities was conducted in prefectures where both the cities are located, but the government budget for establishment of Imperial Universities was not approved due to Showa financial crisis (1927) and the Great Depression (1929) and the two universities were established with donations from local well-wishers to the national treasury.
Japanese: 両市のある府県では帝大設立運動が起きたが、昭和金融恐慌（1927年）、世界恐慌（1929年）のため帝大創設の政府予算は付かず、全額を地元が国庫に寄付するというかたちで両帝大は設立された。
English: Osaka Imperial University was established based on Osaka Medical College, and Nagoya Imperial University was established based on Nagoya Medical College.
Japanese: 大阪帝国大学は大阪医科大学、名古屋帝国大学は名古屋医科大学を前身として設立されている。
English: Since the military gained power after Manchurian Incident in 1931, military expenditures took precedence in the finance, local governments were required to bear the expenses for establishment of new Imperial Universities according to precedent of the two Imperial Universities and as a result, no Imperial Universities were established in other areas.
Japanese: 1931年の満州事変以後、軍部の台頭によって財政は軍事費優先傾向が強くなり、また、両帝大の先例から、新たな帝大の設立には全額地元負担が必須となってしまい、他地域での帝大新設は行われなかった。
English: Since many professors (Japanese) returned to Japan from Keijo Imperial University and Taipei Imperial University in the foreign parts due to the defeat of Japan, it was difficult to give sufficient lectures for the length of the course of study though the buildings of the universities remained.
Japanese: 外地にあった京城帝国大学と台北帝国大学では、日本の敗戦によって教授陣（日本人）が大量に日本に引き揚げたため、大学の建物は残っても修業年限全てに渡って充分な講義をすることが困難になった。
English: With influences of such internal conditions of university organizations and differences of ruling by Japan (-> the period of Japan's rule (Korea), the period of Japan's rule (Taiwan)), the parent organization of Taiwan University was Taipei Imperial University, Seoul National University was newly established in 1946 and Keijo Imperial University was not its parent organization.
Japanese: そのような大学組織の内部事情と日本の統治の仕方の違い（→日本統治時代(朝鮮)、日本統治時代(台湾)）も影響して、台湾大学は、設立母体を台北帝国大学としているが、ソウル大学校は1946年（昭和21年）に新設した大学として、設立母体を京城帝国大学とはしていない。
English: Japanese was used for lectures before World War II, but it was changed to Korean in Seoul National University and to Chinese in Taiwan University after the war.
Japanese: また、講義に用いられる言語については、戦前は日本語が用いられたが、戦後、ソウル大学校では朝鮮語、台湾大学では中国語への変更がなされた。
English: Fixed number of places were perpared for children of Kuomintang Party members who received education in primary schools, junior high schools and high schools in Japan to study in Taiwan University as a student from overseas, and some professors who were educated in Japanese before World War II taught in Japanese these students who could not speak Chinese well.
Japanese: なお、台湾大学では、日本各地の小・中・高の教育を受けた中国国民党側の子弟の留学枠が存在し、中国語が拙いこれらの学生に対し、戦前に日本語で教育された教授陣が個人的に日本語で教育する例も見られた。
English: In Japan, the Imperial University Law was renamed to National University Law in 1947, the imperial universities in various parts of Japan were renamed and the educational system was maintained, but the names of imperial universities were disused.
Japanese: 内地においては、1947年（昭和22年）に帝国大学令が国立綜合大学令と名称変更され、それに伴い各地の帝国大学は改称し、学制は保持しつつも帝国大学の名は消えた。
English: They were organized to universities under the new system (education system reformation) in 1949 and old-education-system universities were abolished in 1962.
Japanese: その後、1949年（昭和24年）に新制大学に包括され（学制改革）、1962年（昭和37年）に各旧制大学は廃止された。
English: Gakushikai (headquartered in Tokyo) has survived and functions as a common alumni association for seven universities (and graduates from Imperial Universities in the foreign parts).
Japanese: 学士会はそのまま存続し、内地の七大学（と外地の帝大卒業生）共通の同窓会組織として機能している。
English: Seven Universities Athletic Meet (abbreviated as Nanataisen or Nanateisen) in which seven universities competed periodically was performed every year.
Japanese: また、七大学の定期対抗戦である全国七大学総合体育大会（通称して七大戦、もしくは七帝戦）が毎年開催されている。
English: Since there were nine Imperial Universities, they were called 'Kyuteidai,' but it had the same pronunciation as '旧帝大' and the exchange with former Imperial Universities decreased, it became an obsolete word.
Japanese: また九つの帝国大学が存在したことから「九帝大」とも呼ばれていたが、「旧帝大」と同音異義語であることと国外の旧帝大との交流が減ったことにより、現在は死語となっている。
English: Some Imperial Universities were established by the initiative of the government, the diet adopted a lot of proposals of establishing Imperial Universities and appealed the establishment to the government.
Japanese: 政府が率先して設置した帝国大学もあったが、帝国議会が成立した後は、議会が数々の帝大設立建議を採択し、政府に設置を働きかけた。
English: However, the proposals were not legally binding, higher education facilities other than Imperial Universities could be established at a relatively low cost, but a large amount of money was required to establish Imperial Universities because they were highly rated.
Japanese: しかし、建議は法的拘束力がない上、帝国大学以外の他の高等教育機関が比較的安価に設立できたのに対し、帝国大学は格付けが高く、設立に多大な費用を必要とした。
English: Therefore, it was difficult to establish Imperial Universities soon with a proposal of establishing the Imperial Universities in the diet because it did not have financial prospects.
Japanese: そのため、財政的裏付けのない議会の帝大設立建議が、すぐに設立に結びつくとは言い難かった。
English: The top five regions and the top prefecture in each university were shown with the ratio to the whole.
Japanese: 日本の地域中、各大学において上位5地方と第1位の都道府県を全体に対する比率と共に記載した。
English: Mie Prefecture is included in the Kinki region, not in the Chubu region, but it will be stated if different.
Japanese: 三重県は近畿地方に含め、中部地方には含めないが、異なる場合には但し書きする。
English: In the Nobel Prize natural science field, a majority of Asian Noble Prize winners and 11 of 13 Noble Prize winners of Japanese graduates and 3 of 4 Asian Fields Prize winners were from Imperial Universities or national universities to which former Imperial Universities were reorganized (as of 2008).
Japanese: ノーベル賞自然科学分野において、アジア人受賞者の過半数、かつ、日本の大学卒受賞者13人中11人、フィールズ賞においてはアジア人受賞者4人中3人が帝国大学ないしは旧帝国大学が改組して誕生した国立大学の出身者となっている（2008年現在）。
English: The prize-winning study may not be performed in the research institute of the university from which a winner graduated.
Japanese: ただし、受賞理由となった研究は、出身大学の研究機関で行われたとは限らない。
English: The three Japanese winners of Nobel Prize for literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics are from former Imperial Universities as of 2008.
Japanese: なお、ノーベル文学賞、ノーベル平和賞、アルフレッド・ノーベル記念経済学スウェーデン銀行賞（経済学賞）の2008年現在の日本人受賞者3人は全て旧帝大卒である。
English: University of the Punjab (Lahore (Pakistan)) (2 persons): Abdus Salam, Har Gobind Khorana
Japanese: パンジャーブ大学（パキスタン・ラホール）（2人）：アブドゥッサラーム、ハー・ゴビンド・コラナ
English: Madras Presidency College (Chennai (India)) (2 persons): Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, Subramanyan Chandrasekhar
Japanese: マドラス管区大学（インド・チェンナイ）（2人）：チャンドラセカール・ラマン、スブラマニアン・チャンドラセカール
English: Nagasaki School of Medicine (old education system), attached pharmaceutical special division (Nagasaki Prefecture (Japan)): Osamu SHIMOMURA
Japanese: 長崎医科大学(旧制)附属薬学大学専門部(旧制)（日本・長崎県）（1人）：下村脩
English: Augustana College (Rock Island, Illinois (U.S.A)) (1 person): Daniel Chee Tsui. Born in Henan province (China), bred in Hong Kong. US citizenship)
Japanese: オーガスタナ大学（アメリカ合衆国・ロックアイランド(イリノイ州)）（1人）：ダニエル・ツイ（崔琦。中国・河南省生まれ、香港出身。アメリカ国籍）
English: St. Joseph College (Yokohama (Japan)) (1 person): Charles Pedersen (half Norwegian and half Japanese.
Japanese: セント・ジョセフ・インターナショナル・カレッジ（日本・横浜市）（1人）：チャールズ・ペダーセン（ノルウェーと日本のハーフ。
English: Chinese University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong (China)) (1 person): Shing-Tung Yau (Born in Swatow, Guangdong (China), US citizenship)
Japanese: 香港中文大学（中国・香港）（1人）：シン＝トゥン・ヤウ（丘成桐。中国・広東省汕頭生まれ、アメリカ国籍）
English: The top seven educational institutions regarding 'number of theses' are former Imperial Universities and the top nine educational institutions, except Japan Science and Technology Agency and RIKEN, regarding 'number of quotations of theses' are also dominated by former Imperial Universities.
Japanese: 「論文数」で見ると国内上位7法人は旧帝国大学、「論文の被引用数」でも科学技術振興機構と理化学研究所(理研)を別とすれば上位9法人を旧帝国大学で独占している。
English: The top three regarding the 'average number of quotations' are Japan Science and Technology Agency, RIKEN, and National Institutes of Natural Sciences, followed by universities, such as Tokyo Institute of Technology and Tokyo Medical and Dental University, other than Imperial Universities, thus Imperial Universities did not have precedence.
Japanese: 但し、「平均被引用数」では上位3位を振興機構・理研・自然科学研究機構で占める上に、東京工業大学や東京医科歯科大学など非帝大系が健闘するなど帝大優位とは必ずしも言い難い。
English: The top seven educational institutions with many research expenses among national universities are seven former Imperial Universities.
Japanese: 総ての国立大学法人の中で、研究費が多い上位7法人は旧帝国大学の7校となっている。
English: The 'main research expenses' are the total of research expenses and Grants-in-Aid for scientific research expenses (direct expenses).
Japanese: 「主要研究経費」は、研究経費と科学研究費補助金（直接経費）の合算値とする。
English: Kyusei koto gakko was an institution of higher education in Japan based on the Higher School Order (in 1894 and 1918) that existed until 1950.
Japanese: 旧制高等学校（きゅうせいこうとうがっこう）とは、高等学校令（1894年および1918年）にもとづく、1950年まで存在した日本の高等教育機関である。
English: However, considering the moral tone and the status of the students back then, it can be said that this type of institution does not exist in the modern era, where upper secondary education has become popularized.
Japanese: しかし、当時の学生の気風や地位を考慮すると高等教育が大衆化した現代にこのような機関は存在しないといえる。
English: It is often confused with high school, but the modern-day high school is an institution of secondary education, and therefore it is equivalent to the school of secondary education under the old system (it is typified by middle school under the old system).
Japanese: なお、高等学校と混同されることがあるが、現在の高等学校は中等教育機関であり、旧制中等教育学校（その代表格が旧制中学校）に相当する。
English: Among the seven national higher middle schools, which included the First through the Fifth Schools and the ones in Yamaguchi and Kagoshima established in 1886 by the Middle School Order, the six schools excluding the one in Kagoshima were reorganized into higher schools in 1894.
Japanese: 1886年の中学校令により設立された第一から第五、山口、鹿児島の7官立高等中学校のうち、鹿児島をのぞく6校を1894年高等学校に改組してはじまった。
English: However, the specialized course was either successively abolished (they were upgraded to imperial universities) or divided into specialized schools, and all that was left was university preparatory course, where preparatory education for imperial universities took place.
Japanese: しかし、学部は順次廃止（帝国大学昇格）ないし専門学校として分離され、帝国大学への予備教育をおこなう大学予科のみとなった。
English: According to the Higher School Order of 1894, higher schools were defined as institutions where education of specialized courses took place, and preparatory education for students to be enrolled in the imperial universities was stipulated by a provisional clause.
Japanese: 1894年の高等学校令では専門学科の教育をおこなう機関と定義され、但し書きにて帝国大学入学者のための予科教育が規定された。
English: The specialized course was modeled after colleges in England and in the U.S. with the primary goal of providing specialized education, and it was expected to play the role of 'the highest educational institution at the regional level' (regional university).
Japanese: 専門学科は英米のカレッジを手本に、専門教育をさずけることを主要目的とし、「地方における最高学府」（地方大学）としての役割が期待された。
English: An example of an educational institution, that offered this specialized course that reflected its character as defined by the Higher School Order, was the Third Higher School (under the old system).
Japanese: 高等学校令に定義された専門学科の教育機関としての性格をそのまま反映した例が第三高等学校(旧制)である。
English: In 1895, Kinmochi SAIONJI suggested to upgrade the Third Higher School to Kyoto University using the reparations obtained from the Sino-Japanese War.
Japanese: 1895年、西園寺公望は日清戦争で得た賠償金をもとに、第三高等学校を京都大学へ昇格させる提案をおこなった。
English: Consequently, the Third Higher School University Preparatory Course was established on the southern side of Higashi ichijo-dori Street (current Kyoto University Yoshida Minami Campus).
Japanese: そこで、第三高等学校大学予科を東一条通の南側（現在の京大吉田南キャンパス）に設置した。
English: The suggestion that the premises, buildings and facilities of the Third Higher School Faculty of Law and Engineering be used by Kyoto Imperial University was adopted, and the budget was approved in the following year.
Japanese: 第三高等学校法学部および工学部の土地・建物・設備を京都帝国大学が利用するという案が採用され、翌年予算処置が可決された。
English: The imperial edict related to the establishment of Kyoto Imperial University was issued on June 18, 1897, and Kyoto Imperial University was inaugurated.
Japanese: 1897年6月18日に京都帝国大学設立に関する勅令が制定され、京都帝国大学が発足する。
English: The Third Higher School Faculty of Medicine, which was located in Okayama, branched out and became independent as Okayama Medical College in 1901.
Japanese: 岡山にあった第三高等学校医学部は1901年に岡山医学専門学校として分離独立した。
English: In other higher schools the specialized faculties and university preparatory courses were completely separated, and higher schools became institutions of higher education that provided only preparatory education for imperial universities.
Japanese: そのほかの高等学校でも、専門学部と大学予科は完全分離され、高等学校は帝国大学への予備教育のみをおこなう高等教育機関となった。
English: The role of specialized faculties at higher schools under the old system as regional educational institutions of specialized higher education would be played by the specialized schools under the old system and the imperial universities that would later be established in increasing numbers in local regions.
Japanese: 旧制高等学校専門学部の地方における高等専門教育機関としての役割は、後に、各地で増設されることになる帝国大学や旧制専門学校が担うことになった。
English: The Higher School Order that was reformed in 1918, aimed to fulfill the national morality of men and to perfect the higher ordinary education.
Japanese: 1918年に改正された高等学校令では男子の国民道徳を充実させ、高等普通教育を完成することを目的とした。
English: Moreover, the establishment of public and private higher schools was permitted, and they continued to grow until the end of the World War II.
Japanese: また公立、私立の高等学校設立がみとめられるようになり、第二次世界大戦終結後まで発展をとげた。