nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Usually it is not accessible by public transportation but a local bus service may be available from Higashi-Maizuru Station in response to the arrival and departure times on occasions when many visitors can be expected, for example in summer.
Japanese: 公共交通機関でのアクセスは通常はないが、夏季等繁雑期のみフェリー発着時間に合わせて東舞鶴駅より路線バスの運行が行われることがある。
English: The liaison bus from Shin-Osaka Station is convenient because the service is more often available even during times outside of busy seasons.
Japanese: また新大阪駅からの連絡バスが繁雑期以外にも運行されていることが多いため比較的使いやすい。
English: The wharf of the ferry was once located near the Maizuru port joint government building of the West Port, and maritime safety officials were regularly stationed near the Maejima Wharf of the East Port.
Japanese: 以前は西港の舞鶴港湾合同庁舎付近がフェリー埠頭であり、東港の前島埠頭付近に海保が常駐していた。
English: The East port, which has been developed as a naval port since the Meiji period, has many historic sites related to the former Imperial Japanese Navy.
Japanese: 東港は前述の通り、明治時代より軍港として発展してきた関係から、多くの旧日本海軍関連の遺跡を有している。
English: In particular, Maizuru Red-brick Warehouses has been recently used in shooting films.
Japanese: 特に近年では舞鶴赤レンガ倉庫群などでは映画の撮影なども行われるなどしている。
English: Other sightseeing spots include the Aka Renga Museum having a collection of bricks from all over the world and the Maizuru Municipal Administrative Museum exhibiting the history and customs of Maizuru City.
Japanese: 他にも世界中の煉瓦を集めた赤れんが博物館や、舞鶴市の歴史や風俗を展示した舞鶴市政記念館なども整備されており、観光名所ともなっている。
English: People in the city enjoy cherry blossoms at Repatriation Memorial Museum, Kyoraku Park, Maruyama Park, and Yushiodai Park every spring.
Japanese: 春には引揚記念公園、共楽公園、円山公園、夕潮台公園などの桜が市民にも親しまれている。
English: The West Port, located in and developed as a castle town of the Tanabe-jo Castle (Tango Province), and has been developed as a commercial port since the Edo period.
Japanese: 西港は田辺城(丹後国)の城下町として発展してきたため、江戸時代より商港として発展してきた。
English: However, it is attracting attention as a key logistic center, due to the opening of the Maizuru-nishi Interchange of the Maizuru Wakasa Expressway in 1989.
Japanese: しかし、1989年に舞鶴若狭自動車道・舞鶴西インターチェンジが開通したことにより、物流の要として注目されている。
English: Wada Wharf, a multi-purpose international terminal (tentative name) is under construction with aims to be completed early 2008; the wharf, when completed, will enable full-scale container ships in the 50,000 ton class to berth.
Japanese: 現在、平成20年初頭の完成を目指して、国際多目的ターミナル・和田埠頭（仮称）が建設中で、埠頭完成時には5万トン級のフルコンテナ船が就航できる。
English: In addition, 'Nishi-maizuru Road,' which is a bypass of the National Route 27 is also being planned, and thereby the port is enhancing its importance as an international logistic port.
Japanese: また埠頭から高速道路へ直接アクセスできる国道27号バイパス「西舞鶴道路」も計画中であり、国際物流港としての重要性がますます高まりつつある。
English: The Japan Coast Guard Eighth Regional Coast Guard Headquarters is in the Maizuru harbor joint government office located in this port.
Japanese: また港内には舞鶴港湾合同庁舎内に海上保安庁第八管区海上保安本部もある。
English: The West Port, which physically includes the Maizuru Fishing Port governed under the Act on Development of Fishing Ports and Grounds (the fishing port area does not legally belong the Maizuru Port), provides bases for large scale vessels equipped with a stationary net.
Japanese: また西港地区は漁港漁場整備法における舞鶴漁港を内包し（法的にはこの区域は舞鶴港ではない）、大型定置網漁船の拠点となっている。
English: Maizuru City also built the Maizuru Port Toretore Center, a wholesale shop for marine products.
Japanese: 舞鶴市により、海産物即売所である舞鶴港とれとれセンターが建てられている。
English: On September 30 2004, the Maizuru steam ship, which was dealt as a national route with roles as a community road, closed its seventy-year history due to a decline in passengers and deterioration of ships.
Japanese: 2004年（平成16年）9月30日には、生活道路たる国道の扱いで存続し70年の歴史を持つ舞鶴汽船が、利用者の減少と船の老朽化により廃止された。
English: The total number of vessels entering the Maizuru Port from the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was 252, the largest in Japan.
Japanese: 舞鶴港は、朝鮮民主主義人民共和国からの入港隻数が252隻と国内最多である。
English: Two Japanese companies were engaged in landing and loading businesses with such vessels but one of the companies stopped deals because of mounting criticism stemming from abduction issues.
Japanese: 国内2社が接岸・荷役業務を行っていたが、うち1社は拉致の高まりを受けて取引を停止した。
English: The rest, International Transport Department, Maizuru Marine Transport Office, Nippon Express Co., Ltd. stopped dealings with North Korean vessels after missile launches by North Korea; however, North Korean freights started to be seen unloading goods in Maizuru Port on July 28, 2006.
Japanese: 残る日本通運舞鶴海運支店も北朝鮮によるミサイル発射後、北朝鮮との取引を停止していたが、2006年7月28日より舞鶴港に北朝鮮からの貨物船が荷降ろしを始めている。
English: With nuclear tests by North Korea in October 2006, North Korean vessels will be banned from entering Japanese ports.
Japanese: 2006年10月の北朝鮮による核実験の実施に伴い、国内への北朝鮮籍の入港は禁止されることとなる見通しである。
English: 1952: The Coastal Safety Force was established in the Maizuru East Port.
Japanese: 1952年（昭和27年）：舞鶴東港に海上警備隊（海上自衛隊）を設置。
English: In the east of Nagaokakyo City around Nagaokakyo Station of West Japan Railway, high-tech companies such as Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Panasonic Corporation (formerly Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.), and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation have opened their offices and/or factories, and also Nippon Yusoki Co., Ltd., a famous forklift manufacturer, is located along the railroad.
Japanese: 西日本旅客鉄道長岡京駅周辺の東部は村田製作所、松下電器産業、三菱電機などのハイテク企業が進出しており、線路沿いには、フォークリフトで有名な日本輸送機がある。
English: Suntory also built Kyoto Brewery in the city near the border with Oyamazaki-cho, and, using the water from springs flowing from the Nishiyama Mountain Range, Kyoto Brewery produces products mainly for western Japan.
Japanese: また、西山山系の湧水を利用してサントリーが大山崎町との境目近くに京都ビール工場を設置、主に西日本地区向けの製品の生産を行っている。
English: There was a time when friction arose between Suntory and residents due to its heavy use of groundwater; currently, Suntory has tried to make amends, for example, inviting residents to the Beer Festival held by the company in fall.
Japanese: かつてサントリーが地下水を大量に使用するため、市民と軋轢を生じた時期もあったが、現在はサントリーが主催する秋のビール祭に市民を招待するなどして関係の回復を図っている。
English: The middle of Nagaokakyo City around Nagaoka Tenjin Station of Hankyu Corporation is comprised of commercial and residential districts, and is the center of the city.
Japanese: 阪急電鉄長岡天神駅の周辺の中部は、商業地、住宅地から構成されており、長岡京市の中心地となっている。
English: Large grocery stores gathered around this area, but after 2000, the west exit of JR Nagaokakyo Station has been redeveloped and stores have opened in the area, as well.
Japanese: 大手スーパーなどもこの付近に偏っていたが、2000年台以降は、JR長岡京駅西口が再開発され、こちらにも商店の進出がなされている。
English: The west of Nagaokakyo City to the westward of the Oyamazaki Oe Line (Tanba Kaido Road) of the Kyoto Prefectural Route 10 is an area with a wealth of nature, consisting mainly of the hillside area in Nishiyama, and where famous shrines and temples are scattered around as mentioned below.
Japanese: 京都府道10号大山崎大枝線（丹波街道）以西の西部は、主に西山の丘陵地帯からなる自然あふれる地域であり、後述のような有名神社仏閣などが点在する。
English: Nagaokakyo City does not receive much attention because one of the most popular tourist destinations in Japan, Kyoto City, is located nearby, but is still a good location.
Japanese: 日本を代表する観光地である京都市が近いために注目されることは少ないが、ロケーションには恵まれている。
English: Bamboo groves are especially beautiful; the setting for "Taketori Monogatari" (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter) is said to have modeled either Nagaokakyo City or Yawata City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 特に竹林は美しく、平安時代の作品『竹取物語』のモデルは長岡京市もしくは京都府八幡市のどちらかであると言われている。
English: Kirishima azalea by the Hachijogaike Pond at the Nagaoka-tenmangu Shrine, tree peonies at the Otokuni-dera Temple, hydrangeas at the Yokoku-ji Temple, and autumn leaf color at the Komyo-ji Temple (Nagaokakyo City) are all known for their beauty, as well.
Japanese: また長岡天満宮八条ヶ池の霧島つつじ、乙訓寺の牡丹、楊谷寺のアジサイ、光明寺(長岡京市)の紅葉も美しさに定評がある。
English: Nagaokakyo City holds a variety of events and festivals, from the Garasha (Gratia) Matsuri Festival in fall to the event at the bamboo grove featuring Kaguya-hime (Princess Kaguya), the firefly viewing gathering, the Tenjin Matsuri Festival, the Ajisai (hydrangea) Matsuri Festival, and the Botan (tree peony) Matsuri Festival.
Japanese: 秋に行われる『ガラシャ祭り』を筆頭に、かぐや姫をモチーフとした竹林のイベントや、蛍鑑賞会、天神祭、アジサイ祭り、牡丹祭りなどが開かれている。
English: Putting aside the city's intention to attract visitors from all over the country, these seem to be successful events and festivals of family recreation for the residents.
Japanese: 全国から集客したいという市の思惑はともかく、家族連れが訪れる市民憩いのイベントとしては成功しているようである。
English: October 1, 1949: Three villages of Shinkotari-mura, Kaiinji-mura and Otokuni-mura were combined to form Nagaoka-cho.
Japanese: 1949年（昭和24年）10月1日新神足村、海印寺村、乙訓村の3村が合併して長岡町となる。
English: Note that to avoid confusion with Nagaoka City, Niigata Prefecture, the city was named after Nagaoka-kyo, which had included the area of Nagaoka-cho in its territory.
Japanese: ※市名は新潟県長岡市との混同を回避するため、町内をまたがる長岡京から用いた。
English: Arlington, Massachusetts, USA
Japanese: アメリカ合衆国・マサチューセッツ州アーリントン(マサチューセッツ州)
English: The Hankyu Bus uses the area in front of JR Nagaokakyo Station as a bus terminal because Hankyu Nagaokatenjin Station has little space in front.
Japanese: 阪急長岡天神駅前にスペースがないため、JR長岡京駅前をターミナルとしている。
English: Meishin Expressway: there are no interchanges in the city, and the closest one is the Oyamazaki Interchange.
Japanese: 名神高速道路（市内にインターチェンジなし。最寄のインターチェンジは大山崎インターチェンジである）
English: Mukomachi Post Office in adjacent Muko City is in charge of collection and delivery in the entire area of Nagaokakyo City.
Japanese: 市内全域の郵便集配業務は、隣接する向日市にある向日町郵便局が担当している。
English: Mt. Kinugasa is also called Mt. Kinukake after a story about the fifty ninth Emperor Uda, who wanted to see snow in midsummer, covered ('kake') Mt. Kinugasa with white silk ('kinu').
Japanese: 第59代宇多天皇が、真夏に雪景色が見たいと衣笠山に白絹をかけた故事から、別名「きぬかけ山」と呼ばれている。
English: Mt. Kinugasa is surrounded by renowned temples such as Kinkaku-ji Temple, Ninna-ji Temple and Ryoan-ji Temple, as well as cultural and educational facilities such as Kyoto Prefectural Insho-Domoto Museum of Fine Arts and Ritsumeikan University, thus attracting many tourists.
Japanese: 周囲は、金閣寺、仁和寺、龍安寺などの名刹に加え、京都府立堂本印象美術館や立命館大学などといった文化・教育施設に恵まれ、多くの観光客で賑わう。
English: The town is located in the northeastern part of Tango Peninsula, and is famous for Funaya (a large cluster of traditional fishermen houses) (selected as one of the Preservation Districts for Groups of Historic Buildings).
Japanese: 丹後半島の北東部に位置し、舟屋で知られる（重要伝統的建造物群保存地区選定）。
English: Exchanges with the continent of Asia were carried out actively in the Tango Peninsula, and Ine-cho was located along the trade route between the capital Kyoto and the Continent.
Japanese: 丹後半島は古代より大陸との交流が盛んな所で、京の都と大陸との交易ルートにあたる。
English: 1993: NHK produced the Asadora Drama, "Eenyobo" (A Good Wife), which was set in Ine no Funaya Houses.
Japanese: 1993年（平成5年）-伊根の舟屋を舞台にした、連続テレビ小説『ええにょぼ』が制作される。
English: Muko City is located on the southwestern edge of the Kyoto Basin; to the west lies the Nishiyama Mountain Range including Mt. Oshio, and to the east outside the city flows the Katsura-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River system).
Japanese: 京都盆地の南西端に位置し、西方には小塩山をはじめとする西山連峰を望み、市外東方には桂川(淀川水系)が流れる。
English: As a result, the city consists overall of flat terrain with a plateau on its northwest part and a lowland on its southwest part.
Japanese: このため、全般に北西方向が高地に南西方向が低地となる平坦な地形となっている。
English: Fukada-gawa River: an irrigation canal built by HATA no Kawakatsu (also called Nishino-oka Yosui canal or Terado Yosui canal)
Japanese: 深田川：秦川勝が造った潅漑用水路（西ノ岡用水、寺戸用水とも呼ばれる）
English: After the capital was transferred from Nagaoka-kyo to Heian-kyo, agriculture became the main industry in the area as a backland for the new capital.
Japanese: 長岡京が平安京に移されてのちはその後背地として農業を産業の中心とした。
English: The area has been the center of Otokuni-gun since old times; currently, the Kyoto Prefectural general office of Otokuni-gun, a remnant of the district office, and the Mukomachi Police Station are located in Muko City.
Japanese: 古くから乙訓郡の中心地であり、現在も郡役所の名残である京都府乙訓総合庁舎、向日町警察署が設置されている。
English: Additionally, even after the shisei (grant of city status) was implemented, some facilities such as the JR Mukomachi Station have used the old town name 'Muko-machi' for their names as if it were still a name of the place; there are cases such as Tokamachi City, Niigata Prefecture and Omachi City, Nagano Prefecture that included even the part 'machi' (cho, or town) in their city names when towns were given city status.
Japanese: 他にもJR向日町駅のように、「向日町」の旧町名を市制施行後の今でも地名のように使っている施設などがある（町が市へ昇格した際に「町」も市名に含めた例は新潟県十日町市、長野県大町市などが挙げられる）。
English: When the chosei (grant of township) was implemented, the town was named 'Muko-cho;' however, the old town name Muko-cho is now generally read as 'Muko-machi' when it is used for the name of a facility.
Japanese: なお、町制時の町名のよみは「むこうちょう」であったが、現在「向日町」と名のつく施設などは、「むこうまち」と読むものがほとんどである。
English: Muko City is one of the rare municipalities in Japan that never merged with any other municipality since the enactment of the chosonsei (Town and Village System Law) on April 1, 1889, including the Great Mergers of the Showa and Heisei periods.
Japanese: 1889年（明治22年）4月1日の町村制施行以降、昭和・平成の大合併の時期を含めて、一度も合併を経験していない、全国でも数少ない自治体のひとつである。
English: 1889: Muko-cho merged with its neighboring five villages of Mozume, Terado, Morimoto, Kaide and Kamiueno.
Japanese: 1889年（明治22年）、向日町が周辺5村（物集女、寺戸、森本、鶏冠井、上植野）と合併。
English: Kyoto City and Nagaokakyo City: Muko City is adjoined to Kyoto city on the east, west and north, and to Nagaokakyo City on the south.
Japanese: 京都市、長岡京市　向日市はその周囲のうち、北西東を京都市と接し、南を長岡京市と接する。
English: Incidentally, the city used to be adjoined with the former Kuse-mura, Otokuni-gun on the east and Oharano-mura Otokuni-gun on the west, but since Kyoto City absorbed the two villages, formerly Muko-cho has remained as if it jutted out into Kyoto City from Otokuni-gun.
Japanese: なお、東側は旧乙訓郡久世村(京都府)であり、西側は旧乙訓郡大原野村であったが、京都市への編入により、旧向日町が乙訓郡から京都市に突出する形で残ったものである。
English: The downtown areas of Kyoto City and Muko City are connected, making it difficult to easily determine the border.
Japanese: また、京都市と向日市は市街地が連続しており、現地に行ってみても一目で市境を判別するのは困難である。
English: Hankyu Kyoto Main Line: Higashimuko Station and Nishimuko Station (note that for the area on the northern edge of the city near the border, Rakusaiguchi Station in Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City is a station located nearby.)
Japanese: 阪急京都本線：東向日駅、西向日駅※市北端部付近は市境至近の京都市西京区内の洛西口駅が近い。
English: There are no interchanges in the city even though the Meishin Expressway runs through it, and thus, people usually take the Kyoto Minami Interchange towards Nagoya and the Oyamazaki Interchange towards Osaka and Kobe.
Japanese: 名神高速道路が通過しているものの、市内にはインターチェンジはないため、名古屋方面行きの場合は、京都南インターチェンジ、大阪・神戸方面行きの場合は大山崎インターチェンジを利用するのが一般的である。
English: People usually take the Mozume Kaido Road up north or the Sanin Kaido Road west to Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: 京都市西京区へは物集女街道を北上、または山陰街道西行するのが通例である。
English: To get to Nagaokakyo City, it is common to take the Saigoku Kaido Road down south and cross the Ichimon-bashi Bridge.
Japanese: また、長岡京市へは西国街道を南行し、一文橋をわたるルートが一般的である。
English: Take the Hankyu Kyoto Line at Higashimuko Station or Nishimuko Station (or Rakusaiguchi Station from the northern edge of the city), transfer to the Kyoto Municipal Subway Karasuma Line at Karasuma Station (or Shijo Station (Kyoto Municipal Subway)), get off at Marutamachi Station (Kyoto Municipal Subway), and walk northwest for 10 minutes.
Japanese: 東向日駅または西向日駅（市北端部では洛西口駅）から乗車し、烏丸駅で京都市営地下鉄烏丸線（四条駅(京都市営地下鉄)）に乗り換え、丸太町駅(京都市営地下鉄)で下車、北西方向へ徒歩10分である。
English: Take the JR Kyoto Line at Mukomachi Station, transfer to the Kyoto Municipal Subway Karasuma Line at Kyoto Station, and get off at Marutamachi Station as mentioned above.
Japanese: 向日町駅で乗車し、京都駅で市営地下鉄烏丸線に乗り換え、上記同様に丸太町駅で下車する。
English: Take the National Route 171 via the Kujo-dori Street in Kyoto City and the Horikawa-dori Street up north, and turn right at the Shimotachiuri-dori Street eastward; this is the common route, which takes about 40 minutes.
Japanese: 国道171号線から京都市内にて九条通を経由し、堀川通を北上、下立売通を右折し東行するのが一般的であり、およそ40分程度である。
English: There is no accommodation in Muko City even though the city has tourist spots, for it is small in area and adjacent to Kyoto City.
Japanese: 観光地はあるものの、市域の狭さおよび京都市から至近であることなどから、市内に宿泊施設はない。
English: Muko-jinja Shrine: it was built in 718 and its main shrine was built in the sangensha nagare-zukuri (architecture of three-bay wide structure with a gable roof).
Japanese: 向日神社：養老2年（西暦718年）創建；本殿は三間社流造（さんげんしゃながれづくり）
English: Located at the base of the Tango Peninsula in Kyoto Prefecture, Mt. Oe extends over Yosano-cho, Fukuchiyama City and Miyazu City.
Japanese: 大江山（おおえやま）は京都府丹後半島の付け根に位置し与謝野町、福知山市、宮津市にまたがる連山である。
English: On August 3, 2007, the mountain range was designated as a Quasi-National Park under the name Tango-Amanohashidate-Oeyama Quasi-National Park.
Japanese: 2007年8月3日には丹後天橋立大江山国定公園として国定公園にも指定されている。
English: In 1917, a mineral deposit was found in the mountain, after which it was mined for nickel, which was necessary to support the production of weapons from 1933 to the end of the Pacific War.
Japanese: 1917年に鉱床が発見され、1933年から太平洋戦争末期にかけて兵器に不可欠なニッケルを確保するため大江山から採鉱。
English: Minerals were carried by industrial railway (Kaya Railway) to the refinery in Iwataki-cho, bordering the Sea of Japan, where they were refined.
Japanese: 日本海に面した岩滝町の精錬場まで専用鉄道（加悦鉄道）で輸送し、精製した。
English: On August, 1998, sixteen Chinese miners filed a damage suit to the Kyoto District Court for forced labor.
Japanese: 中国人労働者16人が過酷な労働を強制されたとして損害賠償訴訟を1998年8月に京都地方裁判所へ提訴。
English: On September 29, 2004, Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd. (headquartered in Tokyo) paid a settlement totaling twenty-one million yen, and a reconciliation was partly effected at the Osaka High Court.
Japanese: 2004年9月29日、日本冶金工業（東京都）が和解金として計2100万円を支払い、大阪高等裁判所で一部和解が成立。
English: On May 12, 2007, however, in a decision at the appeal hearings, the Supreme Court (Japan) (Presiding Judge Mutsuo TAHARA) dismissed the damage suit against the Japanese government.
Japanese: しかしながら、2007年5月12日の上告審判決で、最高裁判所(日本)（田原睦夫裁判長）は、国への損害賠償請求を完全に退ける決定をした。
English: One legend in the Kojiki (Japan's ancient chronicle) holds that Emperor Sujin's brother Hikoimasuno-miko exterminated KUGUMIMI no Mikasa, a tsuchigumo (those in ancient times who were not subjects of the Yamato court).
Japanese: 一つは、古事記に記された、崇神天皇の弟日子坐王（ひこいますのみこ）が土蜘蛛陸耳御笠（くぐみみのみかさ）を退治したという話。
English: The second legend is that Prince Shotoku's younger brother, Imperial Prince Maroko defeated three ogres named Eiko, Karuashi and Tsuchiguma, and the third is the famous legend about Shuten-doji.
Japanese: 二つめは聖徳太子の弟麻呂子親王が英胡、軽足、土熊を討ったという話、三つめが有名な酒呑童子伝説である。
English: The Japan Ogre Exchange Museum was built on the site of an abandoned copper mine at the foot of Mt. Oe in 1993 after these legends.
Japanese: これらの伝説にちなみ、大江山の山麓にあった廃坑となった銅鉱山跡に1993年日本の鬼の交流博物館が作られた。
English: Incidentally, the home of Shuten-doji 'Mt. Oe' is believed to have been a mountain along Mt. Oe in Tango, but some say it might have been a mountain along the Sanin-do Road on the border between Yamashiro and Tanba Provinces in Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: なお、酒呑童子の本拠とした「大江山」は、この丹後の大江山であったという説のほかに、京都市西京区にある山城国と丹波国の境、山陰道に面した大枝山（おおえやま）という説もある。
English: The Tango region where the mountain range is located had close contacts with the Asian continent from ancient times, and immigrants were engaged in metal work; with their advanced technique in metal refining, and having accumulated a large fortune, those who recognized this in the capital sent an army to pillage the wealth, and rule the region.
Japanese: 大江山の位置する丹後地方は古くから大陸との交流が深く、渡来人は高度な金属精錬技術により大江山で金工に従事、多くの富を蓄積していた、これに目を付けた都の勢力は兵を派遣、富を収奪し支配下に置いた。
English: One theory holds that people created the tsuchigumo (spider limbed monster) and ogre extermination legends from these incidents in order to justify and glorify themselves; at the same time, some propose that immigrants were in fact called ogres because they gathered to become thieves and terrorized the region.
Japanese: 多分このような出来事が元になり自分達を正当化、美化しようとの思いから土蜘蛛退治や鬼退治伝説が生まれたのではないかとする説と同時に、渡来人が寄り集まって山賊化して非道な行いをしたので鬼と呼ばれたという説もある。
English: The Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (one hundred waka poems) has this tanka by KOSHIKIBU no Naishi, 'The road going over Mt. Oe and via Ikuno is so far that I have not set foot on Ama no Hashidate or seen a letter from my mother yet.'
Japanese: 小倉百人一首には「大江山いく野の道の遠ければ、まだふみも見ず天の橋立」（小式部内侍）という歌がある。
English: Some say that Mt. Oe in this tanka indicates both the mountain explained in this section and the one in Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City.
Japanese: ここでの大江山は本項でのものと京都市西京区の大枝山をかけているとの説もある。
English: Yamazaki has been a focal point for transportation since ancient times because the confluence of the Katsura-gawa (Yodo-gawa River system), Uji-gawa as well as Kizu-gawa Rivers are located at the foot of the hillside stretching deep into the plain.
Japanese: 丘陵地が平野に近く迫り、そのふもとに桂川(淀川水系)と宇治川、木津川(京都府)の合流点が位置するため、山崎は古来から交通の要地であった。
English: The Battle of Yamazaki, in which Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI (called Hideyoshi HASHIBA at that time) defeated Mitsuhide AKECHI, was waged in Mt. Tenno in Oyamazaki-cho.
Japanese: 明智光秀を豊臣秀吉（当時は羽柴秀吉）が破った山崎の戦いは大山崎町天王山で行われた。
English: The idiomatic phrase 'Tenno-zan wo mukaeru' (approach Tenno-zan), meaning 'to have a showdown,' originated from this historical event.
Japanese: この故事から雌雄を決することを「天王山を迎える」という成句が生まれた。
English: Water in the Yamazaki area from Yamazaki, Shimamoto-cho, Osaka Prefecture to Oyamazaki-cho, Kyoto Prefecture is known for its quality.
Japanese: 大阪府の島本町山崎から京都府の大山崎町にかけての山崎の地はまた名水で知られる。
English: The Myokian Temple in front of Yamazaki Station (Kyoto Prefecture) holds the tea ceremony house called 'Taian' (a national treasure), one of the two existing tea ceremony houses designed by SEN no Rikyu.
Japanese: また山崎駅(京都府)前の妙喜庵には千利休の現存する二例の茶室作例の一つである茶室待庵（国宝）が現存する。
English: 1200: FUJIWARA no Sadaie stayed at the oil seller's hut in Yamazaki on the way to the Minase-rikyu (Minase Imperial Villa).
Japanese: 1200年（正治2年）藤原定家が水無瀬離宮への道中の途中で山崎の油売り小屋に泊まる。
English: 1311: The Retired Emperor Fushimi waived the seki-tsu-ryo (tax at checkpoints, 関津料) in Yodo for the jinin in Yamazaki.
Japanese: 1311年（応長元年）伏見上皇、山崎神人のために淀などの関津料を免除する。
English: 1392: Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA gave Oyamazaki the right to prohibit the Shugo (provincial constable) from entering the territory.
Japanese: 1392年（元中9年／明徳3年）足利義満、大山崎に守護不入の権限を与える。
English: 1422: The Kokushi (provincial governor) in Mino Province allowed the merchants from Oyamazaki to pass through the Fuwa-no-seki (Fuwa checkpoint) for free.
Japanese: 1422年（応永29年）美濃国国司が大山崎商人に不破関の無料通行を許す。
English: 1889: The three villages of Oyamazaki-mura, Enmyoji-mura and Shimoueno-mura were merged to form Oyamazaki-mura.
Japanese: 1889年（明治22年）大山崎村・円明寺村・下植野村の3村が合併し、大山崎村が誕生。
English: Mayor: Sohei MANABE (as of December 5, 2006, the first term), who belongs to the Japanese Communist Party
Japanese: 町長真鍋宗平（2006年12月5日－1期目）-（日本共産党籍の首長）
English: Suntory Yamazaki Distillery, however, is located in Shimamoto-cho, Osaka Prefecture, not in Oyamazaki-cho.
Japanese: なお、サントリー山崎蒸溜所は大阪府島本町に所在し、本町には所在しない。
English: As more people returned to the urban areas of Kyoto City in recent years, the estimated population of Nakagyo Ward, according to the national census taken in 2005, exceeded 100,000 for the first time in twenty years (since 1985).
Japanese: 近年都心回帰が進み、平成17年国勢調査（2005年）における推計人口が1985年（昭和60年）以来20年ぶりに10万人の大台を回復した。
English: These districts have attracted attention as a leading educational district in Kyoto City, suitable for raising children.
Japanese: これらの地域は子育てに適した市内有数の文教地区と近年来注目されているエリアである。
English: Nakagyo Ward (中京区) is often mispronounced by people other than local residents as 'Chukyo' as in the 'Chukyo area' (中京圏), which includes Aichi Prefecture; it is also often misspelled as 'Chuo Ward' (中央区).
Japanese: 地元以外からは、愛知県などが属する中京圏と同じように「ちゅうきょう」と読まれたり、「中央区」と誤記されることも多い。
English: April 1, 1929: With the expansion of districts in Kyoto City, Nakagyo Ward was formed from the south part of the former Kamigyo Ward and the north part of the former Shimogyo Ward.
Japanese: 1929年4月1日-京都市の増区により、旧上京区の南部と旧下京区の北部が中京区となる。
English: The areas to the south of the Marutamachi-dori Street and to the north of the Shijo-dori Street were each separated from the former Kamigyo Ward and the former Shimogyo Ward (which includes towns along the Shijo-dori Street) to create Nakagyo Ward.
Japanese: 中京区は、旧上京区の丸太町通以南と旧下京区の四条通以北（四条通に面する町は下京区）から分離して成立したものである。
English: The name of the town on the boards in the Ebisugawa-dori Street uses the old address 'Kamigyo Ward' ('Ward' being written in the old form of a Chinese character).
Japanese: 夷川通に残る、町名を示す古い住所表示看板に「上京区」（区は旧字体）の表記がある。