nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The description begins with the creature of heaven and earth and ends with the reign of Oharida (Emperor Suiko). The period from Amenominakanushi no kami (God Ruling the Center of Heaven) to Hikonagisatake ugayafukiaezu no mikoto was determined to be contained in Kamitsumaki (Volume 1), the period from Kamuyamatoiwarebiko no sumera mikoto to the reign of Homuda was determined to be contained in Nakatsumaki (Volume 2), and the period from Emperor Osasagi to Owarida no Omiya was determined to be contained in Shimotsumaki (Volume 3). I am honored to present these three volumes that I wrote. Sincerely Yours, Your subject, Yasumaro.
Japanese: （大抵所記者自天地開闢始以訖于小治田御世故天御中主神以下日子波限建鵜草葺不合尊以前爲上卷神倭伊波禮毘古天皇以下品陀御世以前爲中卷大雀皇帝以下小治田大宮以前爲下卷并録三卷謹以獻上臣安萬侶誠惶誠恐頓首頓首）
English: Kamitsumaki describes the period from Tenchikaibyaku (creation of heaven and earth) (Japanese Mythology) to the formation of the Japanese Islands and development of National land, and also describes the mythological age from tenson korin (tensonkorin - the descent to earth of the grandson of the sun goddess) to Yamasachihiko.
Japanese: 天地開闢(日本神話)から日本列島の形成と国土の整備が語られ、天孫が降臨し山幸彦までの神代の話を記す。
English: It stated that various gods were born when the heaven and earth were created and Izanagi and Izanami were born in the end.
Japanese: 天地開闢とともに様々な神が生まれたとあり、その最後にイザナギ、イザナミが生まれた。
English: Izanagi and Izanami descended from Takamanohara (plain of high heaven) to Ashihara no Nakatsu Kuni (the terrestrial land), and married.
Japanese: 二神は高天原（天）から葦原之中津国（地上世界）に降り、結婚して結ばれた。
English: Izanami gave birth to Oyashima-no-kuni (Great eight islands), and then gave birth to various gods based on animism such as Yamanokami (God of the Mountain), Uminokami (God of the sea).
Japanese: その子として、大八島国を産み、ついで山の神、海の神などアニミズム的な様々な神を産んだ。
English: Without giving birth to all the gods required for kuni-umi (the birth of the land of Japan), Izanami died of burns because he gave birth to Hi-no-kami (the God of the fire).
Japanese: こうした国産みの途中、イザナミは火の神を産んだため、火傷を負い死んでしまった。
English: Her dead body was buried on Hibanoyama Mountain (present day Yasugi City, Shimane Prefecture) located along the boundary of Izumo and Hoki Provinces.
Japanese: そのなきがらは出雲と伯耆の堺の比婆山(現；島根県安来市)に葬られた。
English: Izanagi missed Izanami so much that he visited yominokuni (realm of the dead, the next world) to bring her back.
Japanese: イザナギはイザナミを恋しがり、黄泉の国（死者の世界）を訪れ連れ戻そうとする。
English: When he washed his left eye, Amaterasu Oomikami was born; when he washed his right eye, Tsukuyomi no mikoto was born; when he washed his nose, Susanoo no mikoto was born.
Japanese: 左目を洗った時に天照大御神（アマテラスオオミカミ）、右目を洗った時に月読命（ツクヨミノミコト）、鼻を洗った時に須佐之男命（スサノオノミコト）を産む。
English: Susanoo no mikoto turned out to be innocent, but he got carried away and became violent.
Japanese: その結果、スサノオノミコトは潔白を証明するが、調子に乗って狼藉を働いてしまう。
English: Meanwhile, other gods judged Susanoo no mikoto to be expelled from Takamanohara (the plain of high heaven) and was forced to descend to Izumo Province of Ashihara no Nakatsu Kuni.
Japanese: 一方スサノオノミコトは神々の審判を受けて高天原を追放され、葦原中津国の出雲国に下る。
English: Although Susanoo no mikoto had been labeled as just a ravager by that time, he changed and became a hero, exterminating Yamata no Orochi (the eight forked great serpent), which was a well known story.
Japanese: ここまでは乱暴なだけだったスサノオノミコトの様相は変化し、英雄的なものとなって有名なヤマタノオロチ退治を行なう。
English: It was followed by stories of Okuninushi such as the white hare of Inaba, an offer of marriage, and disasters (mythology of Okuninushi), and then it stated that Okuninushi proceeded the development of National land together with Sukunahikona.
Japanese: 大国主の稲羽の素兎（因幡の白兎）や求婚と受難の話が続き（大国主の神話）、スクナヒコナと供に大国主の国づくりを進めたことが記される。
English: Amaterasu Oomikami demanded the transfer of the sovereignty of Ashihara-Naka-tsu-Kuni (The Middle Land of Reed Plain) to the grandson of the sun goddess, and Okuninushi (chief god of Izumo in southern Honshu Island, Japan, and the central character in the important cycle of myths set in that region) and his child, Kotoshiro nushi (a Japanese ancient god) accepted it.
Japanese: 天照大御神は、葦原中津国の統治権を天孫に委譲することを要求し、大国主と子供の事代主はそれを受諾する。
English: Once the gods of Takamanohara (plain of high heaven) were granted the sovereignty of Ashihara-Naka-tsu-Kuni, they had Tenson Ninigi, the grandson of Amaterasu-Omikami (the sun goddess) descend to Takachiho of Hyuga Province.
Japanese: 葦原中津国の統治権を得ると高天原の神々は天孫ニニギを日向の高千穂に天孫降臨させる。
English: A visit to the palace of sea god, which is said to be the root of the tales of Urashima Taro, and subsumption of foreign strain are described.
Japanese: 浦島太郎の説話のルーツとも言われる、海神の宮殿の訪問や異族の服属の由来などが語られる。
English: Kamitsumaki (Volume 1) ends with the scene that Yamasachihiko married the daughter of the sea god, and Ninigi's grandson, Emperor Jinmu was born.
Japanese: 山幸彦は海神の娘と結婚し、彼の孫の神武天皇が誕生することをもって、上巻は終わる。
English: It begins with Jinmu tosei (story in Japanese myth about the first generation of the Imperial Family), and contains mythological tales such as Yamatotakeru or Empress Jingu, which means that it was the period between the god world and the human world.
Japanese: 神武東征に始まり、ヤマトタケルや神功皇后の話など神話的な説話が多く、神の世と人の世の間の時代であることを示している。
English: One theory states that these eight generations are fictional added after ages, but another theory states that they existed.
Japanese: そのため、この八代は後世に追加された架空の存在であると説かれているが、実在説も存在する。
English: Each emperor was recorded in Japanese-style posthumous names, as done in Chinese-style posthumous names, such as `Emperor Jinmu' corresponding to the Japanese-style posthumous name was not defined when the "Kojiki" was compiled.
Japanese: なお、「神武天皇」といった各天皇の漢風諡号は、『古事記』編纂の時点では定められていないため、国風諡号のみで記されている。
English: There is a theory that Empress Jingu was Himiko or had some relationship with Himiko, which was not yet generally accepted.
Japanese: 神功皇后と卑弥呼を同一視ないし関連づける説もあるが、一般に受け入れられるには到っていない。
English: Kamuyamatoiwarebiko no mikoto settled in the palace of Kashiwara at Unebi, and governed the country (the southeast area of Mt. Unebi in Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 神倭伊波禮毘古命（かむやまといはれびこのみこと）、畝火の白檮原宮（かしはらのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県畝火山の東南の地）。
English: His Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) is on Kashi ridge in the northern part of Mt. Unebi (Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 御陵（みはか）は畝傍山の北の方の白檮（かし）の尾の上にあり（奈良県橿原市）。
English: Kamununakawa-miminomikoto settled in the palace of Takaoka at Kazuraki, and governed the country (Minami Kazuraki-gun, Nara prefecture).
Japanese: 神沼河耳命（かむぬなかはみみのみこと）、葛城の高岡宮に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県南葛城郡）。
English: Shikitsuhikotamade no mikoto settled in the palace of Ukiana at Kataimina, and governed the country (Minami Kazuraki-gun, Nara prefecture).
Japanese: 師木津日子玉手見命（しきつひこたまでみのみこと）、片鹽の浮穴宮に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県南葛城郡）。
English: Oyamatohikosukitomo no mikoto settled in the palace of Sakaioka at Karu, and governed the country (Minami Kazuraki-gun, Nara prefecture).
Japanese: 大倭日子鉏友命（おほやまとひこすきとものみこと）、軽の境岡宮に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県南葛城郡）。
English: Mimatsuhikokaeshine no mikoto settled in the palace of Wakigami at Kazuraki, and governed the country (Minami Kazuraki-gun, Nara prefecture).
Japanese: 御眞津日子訶惠志泥命（みまつひこかゑしねのみこと）、葛城の掖上宮に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県南葛城郡）。
English: His Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) is on the Mt. Hakata in Wakigami (Minami Kazuraki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 御陵は掖上（わきがみ）の博多（はかた）山の上にあり（奈良県南葛城郡）。
English: Oyamatotarashihikokunioshihito no mikoto settled in the palace of Akizushima at Muro in Kazuraki, and governed the country (Minami Kazuraki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 大倭帯日子國押人命（おほやまとたらしひこくにおしびとのみこと）、葛城の室の秋津島に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県南葛城郡）。
English: Oyamatonekohikofutoni no mikoto settled in the palace of Iodo at Kuroda, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 大倭根子日子賦斗邇命（おほやまとねこひこふとこのみこと）、黒田の庵戸宮（いほとのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Oyamatonekohikokunikuru no mikoto settled in the palace of Sakaihara at Karu, and governed the country (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 大倭根子日子國玖琉命（おほやまとねこひこくにくるのもこと）、軽の境原宮に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県高市郡）。
English: Wakayamatonekohikoobibi no mikoto settled at Izakawa palace of Kasuga, and governed the country (Nara City).
Japanese: 若倭根子日子大毘毘命（わかやまとねこひこおほびびのみこと）、春日の伊邪河宮（いざかはのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良市）。
English: Mimakiirihikoinie no mikoto settled in the palace of Mizugaki at Shiki, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 御眞木入日子印惠命（みまきいりひこいにゑのみこと）、師木（しき）の水垣宮（みずがきのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: His Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) is on a hill at the curve of the Yamanobe path (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 御陵は山邊（やまのべ）の道の勾（まがり）の岡の上にあり（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Ikumeiribikoisachi no mikoto settled in the palace of Tamagaki at Shiki, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 伊久米伊理毘古伊佐知命（いくめいりびこいさちのみこと）、師木の玉垣宮に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Otarashihikooshirowake no sumeramikoto settled in the palace of Hishiro at Makimuku, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 大帯日子淤斯呂和氣天皇（おほたらしひこおしろわけのすめらみこと）、纏向（まきむく）の日代宮に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: He went to Nobono (Suzuka district, Mie Prefecture) and died there.
Japanese: 能煩野（のぼの、三重県鈴鹿郡）に至りまし、歌ひ竟（を）ふる即ち崩りましき。
English: He changed to a bird and flew off to shore.
Japanese: ここに八尋白智鳥（やひろしろちどり）に化りて、天に翔りて濱に向きて飛び行でましき。
English: Wakatarashihiko no sumera mikoto settled in the palace of Takaanaho at Shiga, and governed the country (Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture).
Japanese: 若帯日子天皇（わかたらしひこのすめらみこと）、志賀の高穴穂宮（たかあなほのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（滋賀県大津市）。
English: Tarashinakatsuhiko no sumera mikoto settled in Anato (Chofu, Shimonoseki City) and in the palace of Kashii at Tsukushi, and governed the country (Kashii, Fukuoka City).
Japanese: 帯中日子天皇（たらしなかつひこのすめらみこと）、穴門（あなど、下関市長府）、また筑紫の詞志比宮（かしひのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（福岡市香椎）。
English: Homudawake no mikoto settled in the palace of Akira at Karushima, and governed the country (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 品蛇和氣命（ほむだわけのみこと）、軽島の明宮（あきらのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（奈良県高市郡）。
English: His Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) is on the hill of Mofushi at Ega in Kafuchi (Minamikawachi-gun, Osaka Prefecture).
Japanese: 御陵は川内（かふち）の恵賀の裳伏（もふし）の岡にあり（大阪府南河内郡）。
English: The generations from Emperor Ninken to Emperor Suiko is called the Kesshi-Judai (Ten Undocumented Sovereigns), and Shimotsumaki contains only issues such as a genealogy and few specific issues, as well as Kesshi-Hachidai (Eight Undocumented Sovereigns).
Japanese: 仁賢天皇から推古天皇までは欠史十代ともいわれ、欠史八代と同じく系譜などの記述にとどまり具体的な著述が少ない。
English: It is said that because those generations were close to the time when Shimotsumaki was written, specific issues were omitted.
Japanese: これは、書かれた当時においては、時代が近く自明のことなので書かれなかったなどと言われている。
English: Osasagi no mikoto settled in the Takatsu palace in Naniwa, and governed the country (Osaka City).
Japanese: 大雀命（おほさざきのみこと）、難波の高津宮に坐（ま）してまして、天の下治（し）らしめしき（大阪市）。
English: Izahowake no mikoto settled in the palace of Tamaho at Iware, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 伊邪本和氣命（いざほわけのみこと）、伊波禮（いはれ）の若櫻宮に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Mizuhawake no mikoto settled in Shibakaki palace at Tajihi, and governed the country (Minamikawachi-gun, Osaka Prefecture).
Japanese: 水歯別命（みづはわけのみこと）、多治比（たじひ）の柴垣宮に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（大阪府南河内郡）。
English: Oasazumawakugo no sukune no mikoto settled in Totsuasuka palace, and governed the country (Asuka, Yamato).
Japanese: 男淺津間若子宿禰命（をあさづまわくごのすくねのみこと）、遠飛鳥宮（とほつあすかのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（大和の飛鳥）。
English: Anaho no mikoto settled in Anaho palace in Isonokami, and governed the country (Yamabe-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 穴穂御命（あなほのみこと）、石上（いそのかみ）の穴穂宮（あなほのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県山辺郡）。
English: Ohatsusewakatake no mikoto settled in Asuka palace in Hatsuse, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 大長谷若健命（おほはつせわかたけのみこと）、長谷（はつせ）の朝倉宮に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Shiragaoyamatoneko no mikoto settled in the Mikakuri palace at Iware, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 白髪大倭根子命（しらにのおほやまとねこのみこと）、伊波禮（いはれ）の甕栗宮（みかくりのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Wokenoihasuwake no mikoto settled in Chikatsuasuka palace, and governed the country at the age of eight (Minamikawachi-gun, Osaka Prefecture).
Japanese: 袁・之石巣別命（をけのいはすわけのみこと）、近飛鳥宮（ちかつあすかのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめすこと八歳なりき（大阪府南河内郡）。
English: Oke no mikoto settled in the palace of Hirotaka at Iso no kami, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 意・命（おけのみこと）、石上の廣高宮に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Ohatsusenowakasazaki no mikoto settled in the palace of Namiki at Hase, and governed the country at the age of eight (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 小長谷若雀（おはつせのわかささのみことぎ）、長谷の列木宮（なみきのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめすこと八歳なりき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Odo no mikoto settled in the palace of Tamaho at Iware, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 哀本柕（おほとのみこと）、伊波禮の玉穂宮（たまほのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Hirokunioshitakekanahi no mikoto settled in the palace of Kanahashi at Magari, and governed the country (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 広国押建金目（ひろくにおしたけかなひのみこと）、勾（まがり）の金箸宮（かなはしのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県高市郡）。
English: Takeohirokunioshitate no mikoto settled in the palace of Iorino at Hinokuma, and governed the country (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 建小広国押楯（たけおひろくにおしたてのみことのみこと）、檜垌（ひのくま）の廬入野宮（いほりののみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県高市郡）。
English: Amekunioshiharukihironiwa no mikoto settled in the palace of Shikishima, and governed the country (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 天国押波流岐広庭（あめくにおしはるきひろにわのみこと）、師木島の大宮に坐してまして、天の下治らしめしき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Nunakurafutotamashiki no mikoto settled in the palace of Osada, and governed the country at the age of fourteen (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 沼名倉太玉敷（ぬなくらふとたましきのみこと）、他田宮（をさだのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめすこと、十四歳なりき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Tachibana no toyohi no mikoto settled in the palace of Ikenobe, and governed the country at the age of three (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 橘豊日（たちばなのとよひのみこと）、池邊宮に坐してまして、天の下治らしめすこと、三歳なりき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: His Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) was originally at Ikenoue in Ihare, and later, it was transferred to the Misasagi in Shinaga (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 御陵は石寸（いはれ）の掖上（いけのうえ）にありしを、後に科長の中の稜に遷しき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Hatsusebe no Wakasagi no Mikoto settled in the palace of Shibakaki at Kurahashi, and governed the country at the age of four (Shiki-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 長谷部若雀（はつせべのわかささぎのみこと）、倉橋の柴垣宮（しばかきのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめおと、四歳なりき（奈良県磯城郡）。
English: Hatsusebe no Wakasaki no Mikoto settled in the palace of Owarida, and governed the country at the age of thirty seven (Takaichi-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 長谷部若雀（はつせべのわかささぎのみこと）、小治田宮（をわりたのみや）に坐してまして、天の下治らしめすこと、三十七歳なりき（奈良県高市郡）。
English: His Misasagi (Imperial mausoleum) was originally on the hill of Ono, and later it was transferred to the Misasagi in Shinaga (Uda-gun, Nara Prefecture).
Japanese: 御陵は大野の岡の上にありしを、後に科長の大き稜に遷しき（奈良県宇陀郡）。
English: "Kojiki" mainly about tales, and a number of songs and ballads are contained in it.
Japanese: 『古事記』は物語中心の記述法であるが、そのなかに多くの歌謡が挿入されている。
English: It is highly likely that a great number of songs and ballads that were originally Minyo (a traditional folk song) or zokuyo (popular song, ballad, folk song, ditty) are appropriately contained in "Kojiki" in accordance with the tales.
Japanese: これらの歌謡のなかには、もと民謡や俗謡であったものが、物語に合わせる形で適宜はめこまれたというものが相当数含まれている可能性が高い。
English: The existing "Kojiki" manuscripts are divided into `Ise-bon group,' and `Urabe-bon group.'
Japanese: 現存する『古事記』の写本は大きく「伊勢本系統」と「卜部本系統」に分かれる。
English: The oldest existing "Kojiki" manuscript is the Shinpuku-ji manuscript copied in three fascicles (national treasure) that belongs to `Ise-bon group' copied by Kenyu, a monk of Osu-Kannon Temple from 1371 to 1372.
Japanese: 現存する『古事記』の写本で最古のものは、「伊勢本系統」の1371年から翌1372年にかけて大須観音の僧・賢瑜によって書写された真福寺本古事記三帖（国宝）である。
English: According to Okugaki (postscript), Kamitsumaki and Shimotsumaki are the books of ONAKATOMI no Sadayo and Nakatsumaki is the book of FUJIWARA no Michimasa in the basic book of popular edition.
Japanese: 奥書によれば、祖本は上・下巻が大中臣定世本、中巻が藤原通雅本である。
English: The series of three Doka manuscripts composed of the Doka manuscript (only the first half of Kamitsumaki, copied in 1381), the Dosho manuscript (only Kamitsumaki, copied in 1424), the Shunyu manuscript (only Kamitsumaki, copied in 1426) are close to the Shinpukuji manuscript, and they belong to the Ise-bon group.
Japanese: 道果本（上巻の前半のみ。1381年写）、道祥本（上巻のみ。1424年写）、春瑜本（上巻のみ。1426年写）の道果本系3本は真福寺本に近く、ともに伊勢本系統をなす。
English: All other manuscripts belong to the Urabe-bon group, and the basic book of the popular edition was written by Kanenaga Urabe in his own handwriting (composed of Volume1, 2, and 3. copied during the latter half of the Muromachi period).
Japanese: その他の写本はすべて卜部本系統に属し、祖本は卜部兼永自筆本（上中下3巻。室町後期写）である。
English: "The Murasaki Shikibu Diary" is said to have been written by Murasaki Shikibu.
Japanese: 『紫式部日記』（むらさきしきぶにっき）は、紫式部によって記された日記とされる。
English: Some people regard Kurokawa bon, the manuscript owned by the Imperial Household Agency, as the best manuscript, but it is said that there is a manuscript which has partly better contents than Kurokawabon.
Japanese: 写本は宮内庁書陵部蔵の黒川本が最もよいとされているが一部記載については他の写本がすぐれているとも。
English: The title on the cover of the manuscript says "Murasaki Diary," but the diary does not contain the author's name, Murasaki Shikibu, so it is unknown since when it has been called "The Murasaki Shikibu Diary."
Japanese: 写本の表紙の表題は『紫日記』とあり、内容にも紫式部の名の記載ははなく、いつから『紫式部日記』とされたかは不明。
English: The common view that Murasaki Shikibu authored "The Tale of Genji" is based on a legend and the description written in this "Murasaki Diary."
Japanese: 『源氏物語』の作者が紫式部であるという通説は、伝説とこの『紫日記』にでてくる記述に基づいている。
English: The diary covers the incidents ranging in date from the autumn of 1008, when the Empress FUJIWARA no Shoshi was nearing her confinement, to the New Year of 1010.
Japanese: 中宮藤原彰子の出産が迫った寛弘5年（1008年）秋から同7年正月にかけての諸事が書かれている。
English: In the diary she described people vividly, which other historical materials did not do, so the work also has historical value.
Japanese: 史書では明らかにされていない人々の生き生きとした行動がわかり、歴史的価値もある。
English: It contains gossips about "The Tale of Genji," private letters in which she described her view of life, and comments about her colleagues at the Imperial Court such as Izumi Shikibu, Akazome Emon and her rival, Seisho Nagon.
Japanese: 自作『源氏物語』に対しての世人の評判や、宮中の同僚であった和泉式部・赤染衛門、ライバル清少納言らの人物評や自らの人生観について述べた消息文などもみられる。
English: She appreciated the talented younger colleague, Izumi Shikibu, but also gave frank advice about her unrestrained love affairs.
Japanese: 和泉式部に対しては先輩として後輩の才能を評価しつつもその情事の奔放さに苦言を呈している。
English: Those who want to act as if they were superior to others will lose by comparison with others.'
Japanese: 「他人より優れているように振舞いたがる人間は後々見劣りするであろう。」
English: During the 13th century (the Kamakura period), an illustrated scroll of color painting on paper called "Murasaki Shikibu Nikki Emaki" was made.
Japanese: 13世紀（鎌倉時代）には『紫式部日記絵巻』という紙本着色の絵巻物が著された。
English: A part of "Eiga Monogatari" (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes) contains exactly the same writing as the diary, and in its afterword the author writes that part of the tale was transcribed from the diary.
Japanese: なお、『栄花物語』と一部文章が全く同じであり、同物語のあとがきには日記から筆写した旨記されている。
English: Kigo, season word or kidai, seasonal topic (in haiku poetry) is a word symbolizing a given season and it is considered desirable that one of either kigo or kidai be contained in a haiku poetry.
Japanese: 季語（きご）あるいは季題（きだい）は、俳句に必ず1つ含まれることが望ましいとされる、季節を象徴的に示す語。
English: Season words derived from kinokotoba (season phrase) in renga (linked verse) and haikai (seventeen-syllable verse) that are the origin of haiku.
Japanese: 本来は俳句の起源である連歌・俳諧の季・季詞（きのことば）に由来する。
English: It is true, however, that some haiku poems have no season word and, in such cases, those haiku poems were referred to as 'zo no ku' (miscellaneous poems) in hokku (the first line of waka or haiku) of haikai in the Edo period which became known as mukihaiki (haiku without season word) in the modern haiku after the generation of Shiki MASAOKA.
Japanese: もっとも季語を含まない俳句もあり、その場合には、江戸俳諧の発句では雑（ぞう）の句、子規以降の近代俳句では無季俳句と呼ばれる。
English: When a haiku contains 2 or more season words, it is referred to as kigasane (having more than one season phrase in a haiku) and, in such cases, the season word is the one which is in keeping with the topic.
Japanese: 2つ以上季語が存在することを季重ねといい、その場合は主題に沿った物を季語とする。
English: Although its format is similar to haiku being a 17-syllable poem, since senyu emphasizes irony, satire, humor and human foibles, season words may not play a significant role.
Japanese: 同じ五七五の短詩でも、穿ちによって表現する川柳には、季語は意識されていない。
English: Collection of season words is referred to as Kiyose (a practical catalog of season-specific words used in haiku) or Saijiki and a variety of these catalogs have been published.
Japanese: 季語を集めたものは「季寄せ」「歳時記」と呼ばれ、各種のものが出版されている。
English: Most of Saijiki conform to Nijushisekki (24 divisions of the old calendar) to correspond season words to seasons.
Japanese: 季語と季節の対応は、ほとんどの歳時記が二十四節気を基にした節切りに則っている。
English: Words associated with the new year used in the old calendar days were classified as season words for spring but, since the calendar reform in Meiji, the new year changed to the winter time whereby a separate section for 'new year' in addition to the four seasons was established.
Japanese: そのため、旧暦時代の新年に関する言葉は春の季語に分類されていたが、明治改暦以降、新年が冬に移行したため、四季とは別に「新年」の部が設けられた。
English: "Heike Monogatari" is a war chronicle which deals with the prosperity and downfall of the Taira family, and seems to have been completed during the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 『平家物語』（へいけものがたり）は、鎌倉時代に成立したと思われる、平家の栄華と没落を描いた軍記物語である。
English: It also splendidly depicts the fabric of human relationships between the declining Heian nobles and warriors on the rise, in the fall of the Taira family which had started since the Jisho-Juei War.
Japanese: また、治承・寿永の乱から平家の滅亡を追ううちに、没落しはじめた平安貴族たちと新たに台頭した武士たちの織りなす人間模様を見事に描き出している。
English: It is a representative work of literature written in the mixed writing style of Japanese and Chinese, which is known for the simple and refined sentences.
Japanese: 和漢混淆文で書かれた代表的作品であり、平易で流麗な名文として知られる。
English: The tale is widely known to everyone, especially the opening line, 'The bell of the Gion Temple tolls …' is famous.
Japanese: 「祇園精舎の鐘の声……」の有名な書き出しをはじめとして、広く人口に膾炙している。
English: It is conjectured that the tale had originally been called "Jisho Monogatari" since the Jisho era, when the battle grew more severe, as well as "Hogen Monogatari" (The Tale of the Hogen War) and "Heiji Monogatari" (The Tale of Heiji), but there is no evidence.
Japanese: 当初は『保元物語』や『平治物語』と同様に、合戦が本格化した治承（元号）年間より『治承物語（じしょうものがたり）』と呼ばれていたと推測されているが、確証はない。
English: Although it is not known exactly when the tale was completed, the shihai monjo (an old document which was written on the other side of a piece of used paper) of "Heihanki" (diary of TAIRA no Nobunori) transcribed by FUJIWARA no Teika in 1240 states that "Jisho Monogatari volume Six, transcribed," therefore it is considered that the tale was completed before 1240.
Japanese: 正確な成立時期は分かっていないものの、仁治元年（1240年）に藤原定家によって書写された『兵範記』（平信範の日記）の紙背文書に「治承物語六巻号平家候間、書写候也」とあるため、それ以前に成立したと考えられている。
English: However, there remains a question that 'Jisho Monogatari' is really equivalent to the present Heike Monogatari, so it cannot be said to be reliable.
Japanese: しかし、「治承物語」が現存の平家物語にあたるかという問題も残り、確実ということはできない。
English: It seems to have been completed at least before 1309, when the original okugaki (postscript) of the Engyo-bon manuscript was made.
Japanese: 少なくとも延慶本の本奥書、延慶(日本)2年（1309年）以前には成立していたものと思われる。
English: However, it is generally considered that the extant Engyo-bon manuscript cannot be said to have remained the same as the okugaki suggests.
Japanese: ただし、現存の延慶本が、そのまま奥書の時代の形をとどめているとは言えないというのが一般的見解である。
English: The oldest one was stated by Kenko YOSHIDA in "Tsurezuregusa" (Essays in Idleness), which mentions that Shinano no Zenji (former official from Shinano) Yukinaga is the author of Heike Monogatari, and he taught the tale to a vision-impaired musician called Shobutsu to have him narrate it.
Japanese: 最古のものは吉田兼好の『徒然草』で、信濃前司行長（しなののぜんじゆきなが）なる人物が平家物語の作者であり、生仏（しょうぶつ）という盲目の音楽家に教えて語らせたと記されている。
English: During the reign of the Retired Emperor Gotoba, Shinano no Zenji Yukinaga, who got a reputation for his studies (…), wrote Heike Monogatari, and taught the tale to a vision-impaired man called Shobutsu in order to have him recite it.' (Section 226, Tsurezuregusa)
Japanese: 「後鳥羽院の御時、信濃前司行長稽古の譽ありけるが（中略）この行長入道平家物語を作りて、生佛といひける盲目に教へて語らせけり。」（徒然草226段）