nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: This led Russia into a direct confrontation with Germany, which advocated Pan-Germanism and Austria which planned to invade the Balkans the conditions that would set off the First World War was set.
Japanese: このことが汎ゲルマン主義を唱えるドイツや、同じくバルカンへの侵略を企むオーストリアとの対立を招き、第一次世界大戦の引き金となった。
English: The popular resentment over the hardships endured by the populace during the war manifest itself in the First Russian Revolution, which began with the Bloody Sunday Incident (1905) and the mutiny on the Knyaz' Potemkin-Tavricheskiy (battleship), setting the stage for the Russian Revolution.
Japanese: また、戦争による民衆の生活苦から血の日曜日事件(1905年)やポチョムキン＝タヴリーチェスキー公(戦艦)の叛乱等より始まるロシア第一革命が誘発され、ロシア革命の原因となる。
English: Recognizing that Japan had the upperhand in the war, the Iljinhoe was established from the Donghak Party in 1904, developing from a grass-roots pro-Japanese independence movement into an pro-annexation movement that received support from Japan.
Japanese: 日本の戦況優勢を見て、東学党の系列から一進会が1904年に設立され、大衆層での親日的独立運動から、日本の支援を受けた合邦運動へ発展した。
English: Relations between Russo-Japanese, and Anglo-Russian relations rapidly improved as a result of the Russo-Japanese War, leading to the conclusion of the Russo-Japanese Treaty and the Anglo-Russian Entente.
Japanese: 日露戦争をきっかけに日露関係、英露関係が急速に改善し、それぞれ日露協約、英露協商を締結した。
English: Before the Russo-Japanese War, Europe was alligned into three major blocs of England, Russia/France, and Germany/Austria/Italy, underlined by an Entente Cordiale concluded between England and France.
Japanese: 既に締結されていた英仏協商と併せて、欧州情勢は日露戦争以前の英・露仏・独墺伊の三勢力が鼎立していた状況だった。
English: This alignment moved towards a confrontation between the Triple Entente consisting England, France, and Russia and the Triple Alliance (1882) composed of Germany, Austria, and Italy.
Japanese: それが、英仏露の三国協商と独墺伊の三国同盟(1882年)の対立へと向かった。
English: England shifted its projected rival from Russia to Germany, and the two countries became locked in an ever-expanding naval arms race.
Japanese: こうしてイギリスは仮想敵国をロシアからドイツに切り替え、ドイツはイギリスとの建艦競争を拡大してゆく。
English: The United States of America took advantage of its intermediary stance, and sought to advance its own ambitions in Manchuria.
Japanese: アメリカ合衆国はポーツマス条約の仲介によって漁夫の利を得、満洲に自らも進出することを企んでいた。
English: However, in contrary to its expectations, the United States was blocked out from receiving privileges in China by Japan, England, and Russia.
Japanese: しかし、思惑とは逆に日英露三国により中国権益から締め出されてしまう結果となった。
English: The United State's efforts to expand their presence in China through the 'Open-door Policy' failed to bear fruit, and led to rising tensions with Japan.
Japanese: 以後もアメリカは「門戸開放政策」を掲げて中国進出を意図したが、結局上手くいかず、対日感情が悪化する。
English: This situation led to the termination of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, demands for arms reduction, along with a rise in anti-immigration sentiments reflected in popular hysteria over the "Yellow Peril," which set the stage for a series of confrontations between Japan and the United States that would lead to the Second World War.
Japanese: これは日英同盟の解消や軍縮の要求などにつながり、黄禍論の高まりと共に、後の第二次世界大戦を引き起こす日米対立の第一歩となった。
English: The then U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 in recognition of his contribution to the peace talks between Japan and Russia that led to the conclusion of the Treaty of Portsmouth.
Japanese: 当時の大統領セオドア・ルーズベルトは、ポーツマス条約締結に至る日露の和平交渉への貢献が評価され、1906年のノーベル平和賞を受賞した。
English: Manchuria (Dongsan Province, part of present day northeastern China), where the Russo-Japanese War was fought over was Qing territory.
Japanese: 日露戦争の戦場であった満州（東三省・現在の中国東北部）は清の主権下にあった。
English: The Qing Dynasty was established by the Manchu, who forbade the ethnic Han from migrating into their native lands through an exclusion policy, and did not adopt specifically delineated administrative policies as they in Manchuria as they had in China.
Japanese: 満州族による王朝である清は建国以来、父祖の地である満洲には漢民族を入れないという封禁政策を取り、中国内地のような目の細かい行政制度も採用しなかった。
English: With the exception of the southernmost areas in the Liaodong peninsula and Liaoxi, most of Manchuria was underdeveloped; Hence, the Qing could not mount a response to Russian expansionism at the end of the 19th century.
Japanese: 開発も最南部の遼東半島・遼西を除き進んでおらず、こうしたことも原因となって19世紀末のロシアの進出に対して対応が遅れた。
English: It is for this reason that they acquiesced to the construction the Eastern Manchurian Railway and colonial cities beginning with Harbin.
Japanese: そのため、東清鉄道やハルピンを始めとする植民都市の建設まで許すこととなった。
English: The Russians continued their occupation of Manchuria even after the Boxer Protocol was concluded in 1901, prompting Zhang Zhidong and Yuan Shikai to assert Qing sovereignty over Dongsan Province by claiming that it should treated as an internal affair.
Japanese: 1901年の北京議定書締結後もロシアの満洲占拠が続いたために、張之洞や袁世凱は東三省の行政体制を内地と同一とするなどの統治強化を主張した。
English: However the Qing Dynasty Russo-Japanese War erupted before the Qing could mount a coherent response, leading to a situation in which two foreign countries fought on Qing territory.
Japanese: しかし清朝の対応は遅れ、そうしているうちに日露両国が開戦し、自国の領土で他国同士が戦うという事態となった。
English: After the war, Japan reversed its original stance to seek equality among the great powers when it concerns Manchuria, and planned to share rights equally with Russia.
Japanese: 終戦後は、日本は当初唱えていた満洲に於ける列国の機会均等の原則を翻し、日露が共同して利権を分け合うことを画策した。
English: The Qing Dynasty felt increasingly uneasy with this situation and sought to increase the population density in Manchuria by promoting an immigration of ethnic Han from Zhili and Shandong to Manchuria.
Japanese: こうした状況に危機感をつのらせた清朝は直隷・山東からの漢民族の移民を奨励して人口密度の向上に努めた。
English: In 1907, two years after the end of the Russo-Japanese war, the Qing Dynasty established an administrative system using the categories of 'Sho, Fu and Ken' identical to that which was used to govern China proper.
Japanese: そして、終戦の翌々年の1907年には内地と同じ「省・府・県」による行政制度を確立した。
English: Certain estimates indicate that the population of Dongsan Province actually grew to 17,836,000 from 7,434,000 between 1880 and 1910.
Japanese: ある推計によると、1880年から1910年にかけて、東三省の人口は743万4千人から1783万6千人まで膨れ上がっている。
English: Furthermore, in the same year, part of the Beiyang Military faction led by Yuan Shikai was deployed to Manchuria to reinforce policing and security, and offer a bulwark against Japanese and Russian movements.
Japanese: さらに同年には袁世凱の北洋軍閥の一部が満洲に駐留し、警察力・防衛力を増強するとともに、日露の行動への歯止めをかけた。
English: The Qing Dynasty also sought to introduce American capital and play them off against Japanese and Russian rights, but this failed due to the downfall of Yuan Shikai and maneuvering by Japan.
Japanese: また、日露の持つ利権に対しては、アメリカ資本を導入して相互の勢力を牽制させることで対抗を図ったが、袁世凱の失脚や日本側の工作もあり、うまくいかなかった。
English: Japan immediately sought to fill the vacuum after the disintegration of the Russian Empire in 1917, and finally established the puppet state of Manchukuo in 1932.
Japanese: また、1917年のロシア帝国崩壊後は日本が一手に利権の扶植に走り、ついに1932年には自身の傀儡国家である満州国を建国した。
English: When Japan was defeated in the Pacific War and withdrew from Manchuria, the Soviet Union replaced the Japanese presence and stripped the region of the industrial infrastructure constructed by the Japanese, and claimed the concessions of Lushun and Dalian.
Japanese: 太平洋戦争で日本が敗れて撤退すると、代わって進駐したソ連が満洲侵略に乗じて日本の残したインフラを持ち去り、旅順・大連の租借権を主張した。
English: It was not until 1955 that the People's Republic of China reassumed full control over northeastern China -over fifty years after the Russo- Japanese War.
Japanese: 中華人民共和国が中国東北部を完全に掌握したのは1955年のことであり、日露戦争から50年後のことであった。
English: Many of the memoirs written by the leaders of countries formerly colonized by western countries refer to the Russo-Japanese War with great excitement.
Japanese: 当時、欧米列強の支配下にあり、後に独立した国々の指導者達の回顧録に下記のような、植民地時代における感慨の記録が数多く見受けられる。
English: The unprecedented victory of a small country of yellow people over a large country of white people has galvanized the spirit of people seeking independence across the colonies throughout Asia and Africa.'
Japanese: 「有色人種の小国が白人の大国に勝ったという前例のない事実が、アジアやアフリカの植民地になっていた地域の独立の気概に弾みをつけたり人種差別下にあった人々を勇気付けた」
English: Although there was a precedent set by the Ethiopian Empire when it defeated the Kingdom of Italy in the First Italo–Ethiopian War, they succeeded in ousting the Italian with the full military support of England and France.
Japanese: また、第一次エチオピア戦争で、エチオピア帝国がイタリア王国に勝利した先例があるが、これは英仏の全面的な軍事的支援によるものであった。
English: Therefore, the Japanese victory over Russia in the Russo-Japanese War can be regarded as the first modern war in which a non-western state defeated a western state.
Japanese: そのため、日露戦争における日本の勝利は、有色人種国家独自の軍隊による、白色人種国家に対する近代初の勝利と言える。
English: Furthermore, the Russo-Japanese War could also be viewed as a victory of a constitutional monarchy over an absolute monarchy (czarism).
Japanese: また、絶対君主制（ツァーリズム）を続ける国に対する立憲君主国の勝利という側面もあった。
English: There is no doubt that the Japanese victory in the Russo-Japanese War was a major historic event that changed the course of history.
Japanese: いずれにしても日露戦争における日本の勝利が及ぼした世界的影響は計り知れず、歴史的大事件であったことには変わりない。
English: Former Russian colonies sought independence in the aftermath of the Russo-Japanese War, and independence and revolutionary movements became active throughout Asia.
Japanese: 日露戦争の影響を受けて、ロシアの植民地であった地域やアジアで特に独立・革命運動が高まった。
English: It influenced the Sun Yatsen's Xinhai Revolution, the Young Turks Revolution in the Ottoman Empire, the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, Phan Boii Chau's Dong Du Movement (Look-Japan Movement) in French Indochina, and the Indian National Congress's Calcutta Conference.
Japanese: 清朝における孫文の辛亥革命、オスマン帝国における青年トルコ革命、カージャール朝におけるイラン立憲革命や、仏領インドシナにおけるファン・ボイ・チャウの東遊運動、インド帝国におけるインド国民会議国民会議カルカッタ大会等に影響を与えている。
English: A one-sen five-rin postage stamp and a three-sen postage stamp were issued in commemoration of the victory (April 29, 1906).
Japanese: 特殊切手として（1906年4月29日）、1銭5厘、3銭の切手が発行された。
English: The Railway Nationalization Act (the 17th Law issued on March 31, 1906) is a Japanese law to nationalize private railways in order to unify the nation-wide networks of railways under the Tetsudoin (Railway Bureau) in the Cabinet.
Japanese: 鉄道国有法（てつどうこくゆうほう；明治39年3月31日法律第17号）は、全国的な鉄道網を内閣鉄道院に一元化するため、私鉄を国有化することを定めた日本の法律である。
English: The law was issued on March 31, 1906 and revised on August 5, 1920.
Japanese: 1906年（明治39年）3月31日公布、1920年（大正9年）8月5日改正。
English: It was abolished on April 1, 1987 by the provision no.110 of Enforcement Law of Japanese National Railways Reform Act (Law no.93 issued in 1986).
Japanese: 1987年（昭和62年）4月1日、日本国有鉄道改革法等施行法（昭和61年法律第93号）第110条の規定により廃止。
English: The railway networks of 17 railway companies mentioned below, which were as long as 2812 miles (about 4500km), were acquired over the period from 1906 to 1907 by the nationalization act.
Japanese: これにより、1906年から翌年の1907年（明治40年）にかけて、下記の17社の2,812.0マイル（約4,500km）が買収された。
English: The networks of Japanese Imperial Government Railway, which had been only 1600 miles (about 2600 km) before the acquisition, tripled to 4400 miles (about 7100 km).
Japanese: 買収前には1,600哩（約2,600km）に過ぎなかった官設鉄道は、4,400哩（約7100km）と3倍に増えた。
English: The policy was largely due to the fact that Masaru INOUE, who was the leader and the driving force of railway administration in Japan, was an ardent advocate of railway nationalization.
Japanese: これは、草創期の日本の鉄道行政を頂点に立って牽引した井上勝が、熱心な鉄道国有論者であったことが大きい。
English: However, with the financial drought, the government was not able to build and administer all the railways, and the government ended up being obliged to leave a part of building main railways to private railway companies.
Japanese: しかしながら、政府財政の窮乏により鉄道をすべて官設官営で建設運営することはかなわず、やむなく民営鉄道に幹線鉄道建設の一部を委ねざるを得ないことになってしまった。
English: Because of the fact, Inoue took every chance to insist on his claim to nationalize the railways and acquire the private railway companies.
Japanese: そのため、井上は機会あるごとに、自説の鉄道国有論と私設鉄道買収を説いた。
English: Although the bill to nationalize the railways was repeatedly submitted to the Diet, it did not go through the Diet until Inoue's retirement in 1893.
Japanese: 鉄道国有化法案も再三国会に提出されたが、井上が退官する1893年（明治26年）までにそれが可決されることはなかった。
English: It was the vast war spending of Seinan War that aggravated the government's finance.
Japanese: 政府の財政を窮乏させる原因となったのは、西南戦争による過大な戦費の支出であった。
English: It went so far that the idea came up that Keihin (Tokyo and Yokohama) and Keihanshin railways completed by then would be sold to the private sectors and with money obtained by selling the lines, the new lines would be built.
Japanese: それまでに完成していた京浜間、京阪神間鉄道を民間に売却して、その代金により新線建設を行なおうという案まで出たほどであった。
English: The dilemma between the policy of building the networks of railways quickly and the financial drought made the government change its policy and leave a part of the building main railways to private sectors.
Japanese: 鉄道網速成の方針と財政窮乏のジレンマが、幹線鉄道建設の一部を民間に委ねる方針転換をさせることになる。
English: This is how Nippon Railway, the first private railway company in Japan, was established in 1881.
Japanese: こうして1881年（明治14年）、日本初の私設鉄道、日本鉄道が設立されたのである。
English: Inoue submitted a written opinion entitled 'An opinion on building private railways' to Construction Minister in 1883.
Japanese: 井上は1883年（明治16年）、工部卿宛てに意見書「私設鉄道に関する論旨」を提出した。
English: In the written opinion, Inoue claimed that in principle railways should not be left to the private sectors because the purpose of the railways use was the same with one of National Route.
Japanese: この中で、鉄道の用途は国道と同様であって、これを民営に委ねるべきでないことを原則とすると自説を主張した。
English: He pointed out the eight adverse effects including the unnecessary competition and the neglect of improvement efforts that may occur when it was left to the private sectors.
Japanese: 民営に委ねた場合に発生する、無用の競争や改良努力の怠慢など8項目の弊害をあげた。
English: Meanwhile, even though Nippon Railway had received a careful protection from the government, the boom to build private railways started across Japan when Nippon Railway announced its positive financial statements.
Japanese: 一方で、政府の手厚い保護を受けていたとはいえ、日本鉄道が好調な決算を発表すると、各地で私設鉄道設立ブームが起こった。
English: Starting with Nankai Electric Railway in 1884 and Iyo Railway in 1887, Ryomo Line, Sanyo Railway Company, Mito Line (the first), Kyushu Railway and Kansai Railway (the first) were approved.
Japanese: 1884年（明治17年）南海電気鉄道や、1887年（明治20年）の伊予鉄道を皮切りに、両毛線、山陽鉄道、水戸線（初代）、九州鉄道、関西鉄道（初代）などが認可された。
English: The principle of construction and administration of railways by the government collapsed, and main railways in Japan came to be built both by the government and by private sectors.
Japanese: それまでの官設官営の原則が崩れて、日本の幹線鉄道は、官設・私設の両方により建設されることとなった。
English: However, some of the projects induced reckless plans and investments, which resulted in the economic crisis in 1980.
Japanese: だが、中には無謀な計画や投資を誘発したものもあり、それは1890年（明治23年）の経済恐慌となってはね返った。
English: Also, such projects caused stagnation in construction, the delay of paid-in capital and deteriorating management of existing private railways.
Japanese: 建設工事の停滞や株式払込みの遅滞、既設私設鉄道の経営の悪化を招いた。
English: The situation improved soon, and under such circumstances, Inoue submitted 'The opinion on the policies of railways' to the government in 1891.
Japanese: 状況は間もなく回復したが、このような状況の中で、1891年（明治24年）、井上は「鉄道政略に関する議」を上申した。
English: In the written opinion, he stressed the importance of acquisition of existing private railways in addition to his theory of nationalization of railways and insisted, for the purpose, that it was necessary to enact the law to acquire private railways.
Japanese: この上申書では、従来からの鉄道国有論に加えて既設私設鉄道の買収を前面に押し出しており、そのためには私設鉄道買収法の制定が必要であると説いている。
English: Taking this opportunity, the government repeatedly submitted the bill of railway public ponds and acquisition of private railways to the Diet, but every time the bill was not passed.
Japanese: この上申書を契機として、政府は再三、鉄道公債法と私設鉄道買収法を帝国議会に提出したが、いずれも可決されなかった。
English: In 1892, the Railway Construction Act, in which great amendment was added to the bill of acquisition, was enacted.
Japanese: 1892年（明治25年）に、買収法案に大幅な修正を加えた鉄道敷設法が制定された。
English: However, according to the act, the acquisition of private railway was possible only when acquisition was necessary for the construction of planned lines, and the support from the Diet was necessary.
Japanese: しかしそれは、予定線建設のために必要がある場合のみ、私設鉄道の買収ができ、さらに議会の協賛を必要とするものであった。
English: Hinting the possibility of nationalization in the future, in fact, the act allowed the construction of planned lines by private sectors.
Japanese: 将来の国有化の可能性をにおわせながら、実際は予定線の民間による建設を容認するなどとした。
English: The act was watered down completely because the Diet was composed of the peerages, capitalists, and land owners who were also the shareholders of private railways.
Japanese: 議会を構成する私設鉄道の株主でもある華族や資本家、地主たちによって完全に骨抜きにされてしまった。
English: Against Inoue's theory of nationalization of railway, the powerful businessmen in Mitsui and Mitsubishi-zaibatsu (company syndicate) including Eichi SHIBUSAWA, Ukichi TAGUCHI, and Hikojiro NAKAMIGAWA advocated the theory of railway management by private sectors.
Japanese: 井上の鉄道国有論に対抗して鉄道民営論を唱えたのは、渋沢栄一や田口卯吉、中上川彦次郎、三井財閥や三菱財閥などの財界の有力者たちであった。
English: They were well aware that railway management would bring a huge profit along with the development of capitalism and there is close relationship between the control of industries and the control of railways.
Japanese: 彼らは資本主義の発展にともなって鉄道経営が大きな利益をもたらすとともに、産業支配と鉄道支配との間に密接な関連性があることをよく認識していた。
English: In their thesis run in the 'The investigative report on railways' published by the Tokyo Economic Association in 1891, Kazuchika SABURI refuted every point of the theory of railway nationalization by indicating the proof of it, and concluded 'The railways in the future should be built and administered by private sectors'.
Japanese: 渋沢らが関わる東京経済学協会が1891年に発表した「鉄道調査報告書」に掲載された佐分利一嗣の論文では、鉄道国有化論に対する反証を一々あげて論じ、「将来の鉄道は、私設民営たるべし」という結論を導いている。
English: After this, the powerful businessmen including Shibusawa planned the disposal by the government of Japanese Imperial Government Railway in 1894 and tried to realize the railway management by the private sectors in one stroke, but the plan came to a deadlock with the outbreak of Sino-Japanese War.
Japanese: 続いて渋沢らは、1894年（明治27年）に官設鉄道払下計画を立案し、一挙に彼らの理想とする鉄道民営の実現を図ったが、日清戦争の勃発にともない、計画は頓挫している。
English: After that, it was in 1899 that the railway nationalization became a political agenda.
Japanese: その後、鉄道国有化が政治課題となるのは、1899年（明治32年）である。
English: The bill of proposal on railway nationalization' was submitted to the House of Representatives and passed, and the Committee on railway nationalization under the direct control of the Prime Minister was established.
Japanese: 衆議院に「鉄道国有に関する建議案」が提出、可決され、調査期間として首相直属の鉄道国有調査会が設置された。
English: Based on the report by the committee, the following year, the bills of railway nationalization and acquisition of private railways were submitted to the Imperial Diet, but the bills did not go through the Diet.
Japanese: その報告に基づき、翌年鉄道国有法案および私設鉄道買収法案が帝国議会に提出されたが、これも議決されることはなかった。
English: However, the military that began to be aware of the war against Russia with the Triple Intervention after the Sino-Japanese War came to consider the issue of railway nationalization as the primary purpose.
Japanese: しかし、この頃には、日清戦争後の三国干渉によって対ロシア戦を意識しだした軍部も、鉄道国有問題を第一義とするようになっていった。
English: The disadvantaged point of railway management by private sector was that in the case of the private railways, being the joint-stock companies, they must report their managing status in detail to the shareholders.
Japanese: 鉄道が民営であることの軍事的に不利な理由は、私鉄の場合、株式会社であるから、経営状態を詳しく株主に報告しなければならない。
English: Therefore, when the companies told the foreign investors their managing status, the companies needed to tell them so far as to the information on running the extra trains for military transportation, and at the same time there was a fear that military secrets would leak to foreign countries.
Japanese: そのため、彼らに経営状況を教える時には、軍事輸送用の臨時列車を走らせることまでも公開する必要に迫られる可能性があり、同時に軍事機密が外国に漏洩される恐れもあった。
English: In addition, there was even a fear that when the stocks were bought up by foreign investors, military transportation might be refused if the investors were the ones from enemy country.
Japanese: 加えて、外国人投資家に株を買い占められた時、それが敵国の資本家なら軍事輸送を拒否される恐れすらあった。
English: Besides military reasons, Zaibatsu that were monopolizing the key industries after Russo-Japanese War came to think highly of the significance of railways.
Japanese: 軍事的理由以外にも、日露戦争後は、主要産業を独占化しつつあった財閥が、物流の大動脈である鉄道の意義を高く評価するようになった。
English: And Zaibatsu came to recognize that the fact of main railways being divided and held separately by private railways was so disadvantageous in terms of the competition with foreign countries.
Japanese: 主要幹線が多数の私設鉄道によって分割保有されていることが、諸外国との競争上、非常な不利であると認識されるようになった。
English: And in 1906, after twists and turns, the bill of Railway Nationalization Act was submitted to the 22nd Imperial Diet by the First Saionji Cabinet.
Japanese: そして1906年、紆余曲折を経た鉄道国有法案は、第1次西園寺内閣によって第22帝国議会に提出される。
English: With not only Eichi SHIBUSAWA but also Kaoru INOUE, Takaaki KATO, and Korekiyo TAKAHASHI opposing the bill and trying to persuade the Diet, the government had trouble dissuading them, but on March 16 in the same year, the bill was approved with 243 in favor and 109 opposed.
Japanese: 渋沢栄一に加えて井上馨や加藤高明、高橋是清も反対論を唱えて衆議院を説得しようとしたために政府は彼らの説得に苦慮したが、同年3月16日に賛成243・反対109で可決された。
English: In the House of Peers, Sukenori SOGA (the president of Nippon Railway) and Mitsugi SENGOKU (the president of Kyushu Railway) opposed to the bill.
Japanese: 貴族院_(日本)では曾我祐準（日本鉄道社長）や仙石貢（九州鉄道社長）が反対論を唱えた。
English: But by the maneuvering of Yataro MISHIMA, the leader of a study group (in the House of Peers), the bill was approved with amendments on March 25.
Japanese: だが、研究会_(貴族院)の指導者三島弥太郎の工作によって3月25日に修正付きで可決された。
English: However, since Rikken Seiyukai Party (a political party organized by Hirobumi ITO) whose president was Saionji passed the amended bill with completely same contents because it was the end of the Diet session, the same bill was recognized to be passed.
Japanese: だが、西園寺が総裁である立憲政友会が会期末であることを理由に全く同一の修正案を可決したために、同一の法案が成立したとみなされた。
English: By the passage of the bill, railway nationalization which had been a long-cherished wish of Inoue was realized at last and 17 private railways were going to be nationalized.
Japanese: これにより、井上の悲願であった鉄道国有化は漸く実現し、17私鉄が国有化されることとなったのである。
English: The original draft of the bill submitted at this time was to acquire 32 private railways including 15 private railways, besides the original 17 private railways
Japanese: この時提出された法案の原案は、17私鉄の他に15私鉄を加えた32私鉄を買収するものであった。
English: The draft was to include the acquisition of 15 private railways besides 17 private railways that had been to be acquired in the first draft.
Japanese: これは、閣議において17私鉄を買収するという原原案に15私鉄を加えたものである。
English: The bill was passed in the House of Representatives but was amended and changed in the House of Peers to the original plan to acquire 17 private railways.
Japanese: 衆議院は通過したものの、貴族院(日本)で修正され、原原案の17私鉄買収に戻った経緯がある。
English: Kawagoe Railway, Narita Line (the first), Tobu Railway Co., Ltd., Chichibu-Railway, Sunzu Line of Izu Hakone Railway, Suigun Line (the second), Chuetsu Railway, Toyokawa Railway, Meitetsu Bisai Line, Omi Railway Corporation, Nankai Main Line, Nankai Takano Route, Osaka Railway (the second), Chugoku Railway, Hakata Bay Railway Kisen
Japanese: 川越鉄道、成田線（初代）、東武鉄道、秩父鉄道、伊豆箱根鉄道駿豆線、水郡線（2代）、中越鉄道、豊川鉄道、名鉄尾西線、近江鉄道、南海本線、南海高野線、大阪鉄道(2代目)、中国鉄道、博多湾鉄道汽船
English: In May 1906, the Temporary Preparation Bureau for Railway Nationalization was established under the control of the Communication Minister.
Japanese: 1906年5月、私鉄買収の準備を行なう臨時鉄道国有準備局が、逓信大臣の管下に設置された。
English: The bureau existed for a while after completion of the acquisition, and was abolished at the end of July in 1909 after the inauguration of Tetsudoin.
Japanese: 同局は、買収完了後もしばらくの間存続し、廃止されたのは鉄道院発足後の1909年（明治42年）7月末である。
English: With the acquisition of private railways, the scale of the Imperial Government Railway, the fieldwork agency of government railways, swelled enormously in a short period.
Japanese: 私鉄の買収により、官設鉄道の現業部門である鉄道作業局の規模は一気に膨れあがった。
English: The succeeded length of the private railways was 4550 km, unopened line 292 km with 1118 locomotives, 3101 passenger carriages, and 20850 freight cars.
Japanese: 私鉄から引き継がれた鉄道路線の延長は4,550km、未開業線292km、機関車1,118両、客車3,101両、貨車20,850両であった。
English: Those figures far exceeded the ones Japanese Imperial Government Railway had possessed with 2525 km in length of the railway, 769 locomotives, 1832 passenger carriages, and 10821 freight cars.
Japanese: それまで官設鉄道が保有していた路線延長2,525km、機関車769両、客車1,832両、貨車10,821両を大きく上回っている。
English: In order to accommodate them, on Aril 1, 1907 the Imperial Government Railway was reorganized to the Imperial Railway Agency.
Japanese: それらの受入れのため、1907年4月1日に鉄道作業局を帝国鉄道庁に改編した。