nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The Emperor gave Michinaga a permission to be a Nairan (Authority to review documents presented to Emperor), and then in September, he was assigned as Udaijin and became the Chief of the To (Fujiwara) family.
Japanese: 天皇は詔して道長に内覧を許し、次いで9月に右大臣に任じ藤氏長者となった。
English: On New Year's day in 996, Korechika and his younger brother, FUJIWARA no Takaie, caused an incident in which an arrow was shot toward Kazan Ho'o because of their involvement with a woman.
Japanese: 長徳2年（996年）正月、伊周とその弟の藤原隆家が女性関係が原因で花山法皇に矢を射かける事件を引き起こした。
English: This incident was exposed immediately, and in April, Korechika was demoted to Dazai Gonnosochi and Takaie was demoted to Izumo Province and fell from power, and Empress Sadako/Teishi who became saddened by this cut off her hair and became a nun, but later, upon Emperor's order she returned to the Imperial Court (Chotoku Incident).
Japanese: ことは直ぐに露見し4月に罪を責められた伊周は大宰権帥、隆家は出雲国に左遷されて失脚しこれを憂いた中宮定子は髪を切って尼となったが、後に天皇の命で宮中に戻っている（長徳の変）。
English: In July, Michinaga was promoted to Sadaijin and he became the leading figure in the Imperial Court both in name and in reality.
Japanese: 7月には道長は左大臣に昇進し名実ともに廟堂（びょうどう）の第一人者となる。
English: Kanemichi's son, FUJIWARA no Akimitsu, was assigned as the next Udaijin, but Akimitsu was already regarded as an inept person.
Japanese: 次席の右大臣には兼通の子の藤原顕光が任じられたが、顕光は当時から無能者と軽んじられている人物だった。
English: Because he later built Hojo-ji Temple he is also called Mido Kanpaku, but in actuality, he never became Kampaku.
Japanese: 後に法成寺を建立したことから御堂関白とも呼ばれるが、実際に関白になったことはない。
English: At first, Emperor Ichijo gave Michinaga an order assigning him only as Nairan, and this was done so with Korechika in consideration but also, at the same time, because Michinaga lacked qualifications as Kanpaku for he was still only Dainagon and he did not have a position as a minister.
Japanese: 当初、一条天皇は内覧の宣旨のみを道長に与えたが、これは伊周への配慮であると同時に、道長が未だに大納言でしかなく、大臣の地位に無かったために関白の資格に欠けていた事情もある。
English: However, even though he immediately became Udaijin and the Chief of the To (Fujiwara) Family Michinaga still did not assume the position of Kanpaku, and he continued to remain as the Minister of the Right (later the Minister of the Left) with the qualifications as Nairan and as Ichinokami (Head of Kugyo).
Japanese: だが、直後に右大臣・藤氏長者に補されたにも関わらず、道長は依然として関白に就任せず、内覧と一上の資格を有した右大臣（後に左大臣）の地位に留まり続けている。
English: The official power of Kanpaku did not have the final authority, and the position only assisted the Emperor who had the absolute authority.
Japanese: 関白の職権そのものには決裁権がなく、あくまでも最高決裁権者である天皇の後見的存在であった。
English: For this reason, the nature of the authority was dependent upon the relationship with the Emperor (in reality, Michinaga and Emperor Sanjo were alienated from each other).
Japanese: このため、天皇との関係次第によってその権限は左右される性質のものであった（現に道長と三条天皇とは疎遠であった）。
English: Moreover, even if Regent or Kanpaku had a joint appointment as Daijin in Dajokan, the highest body of public government, the law prevented him from getting involved.
Japanese: また公式な政府の最高機関である太政官には摂政・関白は大臣兼任であったとしても関与出来ない決まりであった。
English: Therefore, Michinaga did not assume the position of Regent or Kanpaku until his own grandson became the Emperor so that he was the Emperor's grandfather on the Emperor's mother's side, and he tried to exert his highest power of authority by holding a joint appointment as Sadaijin (Ichinokami), effectively the chief figure in Dajokan, and as Nairan, which had the authority close to that of Kampaku.
Japanese: そこで道長は自らの孫が天皇に即位して外祖父となるまでは摂政・関白には就かず、太政官の事実上の首席である左大臣（一上）と関白に近い権限を持つ内覧を兼任することによって最高権力を行使しようとしたのである。
English: In 998, Michinaga suffered from a severe illness, which was serious enough that he begged the Emperor to let him become an ordained monk.
Japanese: 長徳4年（998年）、道長は大病に陥り、出家を天皇に願い出る程に深刻だった。
English: In November, 999, he sent his eldest daughter, Shoshi/Akiko, to Emperor Ichijo as Nyogo (Emperor's concubine).
Japanese: 長保元年（999年）11月、一条天皇のもとへ長女・彰子を女御として入内させる。
English: Her entrance into the Imperial Court was elaborate; lavish furniture were provided, including a 1.2 m long folding screen with poems composed by court nobilities and collected by MINAMOTO no Toshikata, the Councilor, and written by a talented calligrapher, FUJIWARA no Yukinari, and even Kazan Ho'o composed a waka poem as a gift on the occasion of Shoshi/Akiko's entrance into the Imperial Court.
Japanese: その入内は盛大なもので豪華な調度品が用意され、その中には参議源俊賢を介して公卿たちの和歌を募り能書家の藤原行成が筆を入れた四尺の屏風歌もあり、花山法皇までもが彰子の入内のために和歌を贈った。
English: Sanesuke was a successor in the Ononomiya Line (the family line of Saneyori), and at the time he was the foremost scholar who studied and had the knowledge of court rules, ceremonies, decorum and records of the past, and he maintained the attitude of not groveling to the authority.
Japanese: 実資は小野宮流（実頼の家系）の継承者で当時では有職故実に通じた一流の学識者で、権勢におもねらず筋を通す態度を貫いた。
English: Teishi/Sadako was the Emperor's wife already, and she had already given birth to the First Prince, Prince Atsuyasu, whom the Emperor favored, but Michinaga pushed Teishi/Sadako to become an Empress and he daringly implemented the system of One Emperor, Two Empresses.
Japanese: 先立の后に定子がおり、すでに第一皇子・敦康親王を生み帝寵も深かったが、道長は定子を皇后に押し上げることであえて一帝二后を遂行させた。
English: This was unprecedented, but Michinaga used his power to push through his agenda, and armed with FUJIWARA no Yukinari's logical reasoning, the support of Higashi Sanjo-in greatly helped him in his persuasion.
Japanese: これは先例がないことであったが道長は権勢で押し通し、また東三条院の後援と藤原行成の論理武装が説得の大きな手助けとなった。
English: The Empress who came from the Fujiwara family was supposed to serve at Oharano-jinja Shrine but there was no empress who could do so, and this was disrespectful to the gods.
Japanese: 藤原氏出身の皇后が行うことになっている大原野神社に奉仕する皇后が1人もおらず、神に対して申し訳が立たない。
English: Therefore, Yukinari crafted an excuse to increase the number of empresses on this occasion so that they could serve at festivals, and he used this excuse to persuade Higashi Sanjo-in and Emperor Ichijo.
Japanese: よってこの際皇后を増員し、祭りに奉仕すべきであるという論理を行成が編み出し、これによって東三条院や一条天皇を説得した。
English: Teishi/Sadako, who unwillingly became an Empress because of Michinaga, died in December of that year after giving birth to a princess.
Japanese: 道長によって望まぬ皇后にされた定子は、その年の12月に皇女出産の産褥で死去している。
English: In September, 1008, 10 years after entering the Imperial Court, Shoshi/Akiko gave birth to a prince, Emperor Go-Ichijo, at Michinaga's Tsuchimikado mansion, and in the following year, Emperor Go-Suzaku was also born.
Japanese: 寛弘5年（1008年）9月、入内後10年目にして彰子は道長の土御門殿において皇子・後一条天皇を出産し、翌年にはさらに年子の後朱雀天皇も生まれた。
English: Emperor Ichijo, who became bedridden in June, 1011, handed over his throne to Crown Prince Emperor Sanjo (Prince of Emperor Reizei), and he passed away after he underwent tonsure and became ordained.
Japanese: 寛弘8年（1011年）6月、病床に臥した一条天皇は東宮・三条天皇（冷泉天皇の皇子）に譲位し、剃髪出家した後に崩御した。
English: It is said that there was a trusting relationship between Emperor Ichijo and Michinaga, but on the other hand, according to "Kojidan" and "Gukansho," although they are later records, when Michinaga was organizing the Emperor's belongings after his death he found the Emperor's handwritten note that said "even though the King desires righteous political administration the conniving ministers bring chaos to the land," and Michinaga became angry, ripped and threw away the note.
Japanese: 一条天皇と道長は信頼関係にあったとされるが、その一方で後世の記録ではあるが『古事談』や『愚管抄』によると天皇の遺品を整理していると「王が正しい政を欲するのに、讒臣が国を乱してしまう」という天皇の手書を見つけ、道長が怒って破り捨てたという。
English: On the other hand, there is an account in "Gonki," a diary of FUJIWARA no Yukinari which is a record from the same period, that notes that Emperor Ichijo, just prior to his death, consulted with Yukinari about supporting Prince Atsuyasu, whom Teishi/Sadako bore, as the next Crown Prince, but Yukinari, who was already deeply connected with Michinaga, instead urged the Emperor and made him agree to support Michinaga's grandson, Prince Atsuhira, whom Shoshi/Akiko bore, as the next Crown Prince.
Japanese: 一方、同時代の記録である藤原行成の日記『権記』には、一条天皇が死の直前に側近の行成に定子が生んだ敦康親王の次期東宮擁立の相談を行ったが、既に道長と深く結んでいた行成は却って天皇に迫って、道長の外孫である彰子が生んだ敦成親王の次期東宮擁立を認めさせという経緯が記述されている。
English: At the very least, it seems that there was a confrontation between Emperor Ichijo and Michinaga regarding the future of Prince Atsuyasu and Prince Atsuhira.
Japanese: 少なくても一条天皇と道長の間に敦康・敦成両親王の将来を巡る対立があったのは事実のようである。
English: In February, 1012, Michinaga made his second daughter, FUJIWARA no Kenshi/Kiyoko an Empress, who was already in the Imperial Court when Emperor Sanjo was still the Crown Prince.
Japanese: 長和元年（1012年）2月、道長は東宮時代の三条天皇に入内させていた次女の藤原妍子を中宮とした。
English: At first, the Emperor requested Michinaga to assume the position of Kanpaku, but Michinaga declined and continued to hold his position as Nairan.
Japanese: 当初、天皇は道長に関白就任を依頼するが道長はこれを断り、続けて内覧に留任した。
English: Michinaga and Emperor Sanjo were uncle and nephew, but there was a little sense of common bonds between them because the Emperor lost his mother, Empress Choshi/Toko, while he was young and because he was enthroned after he became an adult and the Emperor wanted rule himself.
Japanese: 道長は三条天皇とも叔父・甥の関係にあったが、早くに母后超子を失い成人してから即位した天皇と道長の連帯意識は薄く、天皇は親政を望んだ。
English: Also, because Kenshi/Kiyoko gave birth to Princess Teishi/Yoshiko/Sadako, the relationship between him and the Emperor gradually worsened.
Japanese: 妍子が禎子内親王を生んだこともあり、天皇との関係は次第に悪化していった。
English: Aside from Kenshi/Kiyoko the Emperor had a concubine named FUJIWARA no Seishi (daughter of FUJIWARA no Narutoki) since his days as the Crown Prince, and she had given birth to the First Prince, Prince Atsuakira, and the Emperor decided to make Seishi an Empress.
Japanese: 天皇には妍子とは別に東宮時代からの女御に藤原せい子（藤原済時の娘）がおり第一皇子・敦明親王を生んでおり、天皇は娍子を皇后に立てることとした。
English: However, on the day of the ceremony to install the new Empress, Michinaga was absent because it was his day to visit the Imperial Palace to see Kenshi/Kiyoko, and the other court nobilities, in order to gain Michinaga's favor, also declined to attend the ceremony.
Japanese: ところが立后の儀式の日を道長は妍子の参内の日として欠席し、諸公卿もこれにおもねって誰も儀式に参列しようとしなかった。
English: Even though he was ill, Sanesuke, a person of sound judgment, made the decision to attend with Chunagon Takaie and managed the ceremony, but it ended up being a lonely ceremony.
Japanese: 良識者の実資が病身をおして意を決して中納言・隆家とともに参内し儀式を取り仕切ったが、寂しい儀式となった。
English: The following year, upon investiture of Seishi's older brother, FUJIWARA no Michito'o, as a reward for visiting Seishi at the Imperial Palace, Michinaga criticized the Emperor for rewarding Michito'o saying that under normal circumstances the eldest brother, FUJIWARA no Tameto'o, would be the who had the guardianship of Seishi, and in the end he had the Emperor promote Tameto'o.
Japanese: 翌年の娍子参内の行賞として娍子の兄の藤原通任を叙任しようとした際に、道長は本来は長年娍子の後見をしたのは長兄の藤原為任であるとして通任を叙位しようとした天皇の姿勢を批判して、最終的に為任を昇進させた。
English: On the other hand, Emperor Sanjo secretly conveyed a message of relying on Sanesuke, but judicious Sanesuke, although he acted according to his principles, was not willing to confront powerful Michinaga head on.
Japanese: これに対して三条天皇は密かに実資を頼りとする意を伝えるが、賢明な実資は物事の筋は通すが権勢家の道長と正面から対抗しようとはしなかった。
English: In 1014, the Emperor, who became isolated, developed an illness of the eyes that almost made him lose his eyesight, and it finally became difficult for him to conduct affairs of the state, and Michinaga used this as an excuse to urge the Emperor to pass on his throne.
Japanese: 孤立した天皇は長和3年（1014年）、失明寸前の眼病にかかり、いよいよ政務に支障が出てこれを理由に道長はしばしば譲位を迫った。
English: It was obvious that Michinaga wanted not only the enthronement of Prince Atsuhira but also assignment of Prince Atsunaga, also a son of Shoshi/Akiko, as the Crown Prince; the Emperor despised Michinaga and he resisted his request to step down, and he wished for the recovery from his illness of the eyes by frequently ordering various temples and shrines for incantations.
Japanese: 道長が敦成親王の即位だけでなく同じ彰子の生んだ敦良親王の東宮を望んでいるのは明らかで、天皇は道長を憎み譲位要求に抵抗し眼病快癒を願い、しきりに諸寺社に加持祈祷を命じた。
English: In October, 1015, under the pressure to pass down his throne the Emperor ordered Michinaga to be the Associate Regent and delegated the Jimoku ceremony (a ceremony for the periodical appointment of the government), and he declared that he would not be involved.
Japanese: 長和4年（1015年）10月、譲位の圧力に対して天皇は道長に准摂政を宣下して除目を委任し、自らは与らぬことを詔する。
English: Michinaga used this as an excuse to further urge the Emperor to hand down his throne, and Emperor Sanjo, with his eye illness not at all getting better, finally gave in and he agreed to hand over the throne with the condition that his First Prince, Prince Atsuakira be the Crown Prince.
Japanese: これを理由に道長はさらに強く譲位を迫り眼病も全く治らず三条天皇は遂に屈し、自らの第一皇子・敦明親王を東宮とすることを条件に譲位を認めた。
English: On New Year's day, 1016, he handed over the throne and Crown Prince Atsuhira was enthroned as the Emperor (Emperor Go-Ichijo).
Japanese: 長和5年（1016年）正月、三条天皇は譲位し、東宮の敦成親王が即位した（後一条天皇）。
English: However, Prince Atsuakira was not related to Michinaga through maternal relatives, and the family of his mother, Seishi, did not back him up and the Prince's father-in-law was Akimitsu, Udaijin, but he did not have much respect and was completely unreliable.
Japanese: だが、敦明親王と道長には外戚関係がなく、母の娍子の生家は後ろ盾にならず親王の舅は右大臣顕光だが、人望がなくまるで頼りにならなかった。
English: In March, 1017, Michinaga passed on his positions as Regent and the chief of the family to his heir, Yorimichi, and he fixed the system of successors.
Japanese: 翌寛仁元年（1017年）3月、道長は摂政と氏長者を嫡男の頼通に譲り、後継体制を固めた。
English: Soon after Ex-Emperor Sanjo passed away in May, Prince Atsuakira made a request in August to resign from being the Crown Prince.
Japanese: 5月に三条上皇が崩御すると、それから程ない8月、敦明親王は自ら東宮辞退を申し出た。
English: Michinaga named Prince Atsuakira Deputy Retired Emperor (title was Sho-Ichijoin), and he treated him favorably by arranging his daughter, FUJIWARA no Kanshi/Hiroko, to marry him.
Japanese: 道長は敦明親王を准太上天皇とし（院号は小一条院）、さらに娘の藤原寛子を嫁させ優遇した。
English: In December, he was given a court rank of Juichii (Junior First Rank) and Dajo Daijin, and he achieved the highest rank in the government, but he soon resigned.
Japanese: 12月、従一位太政大臣に任じられ位人臣を極めるが、程なくこれを辞した。
English: It seemed like he retired from the political administration, but he continued to have guardianship over young Yorimichi who became Sessho (Regent) and gave him directions.
Japanese: 一応、政治から退いた形になるがその後も摂政となった若い頼通を後見して指図している。
English: In March, 1018, when Emperor Go-Ichijo turned 11 years old he sent his third daughter, FUJIWARA no Ishi/Takeko to the Court as the Emperor's concubine, and in October he made her an Empress.
Japanese: 寛仁2年（1018年）3月、後一条天皇が11歳になった時、道長は三女の藤原威子を女御として入内させ、10月には中宮となした。
English: Sanesuke wrote words of admiration in his diary, "Ouki/Shoyuki," that read 'Three Empresses came from one family, how unprecedented.'
Japanese: 実資はその日記『小右記』に、「一家立三后、未曾有なり」と感嘆の言葉を記した。
English: On the day Ishi/Takeko became an Empress (November 26) various court nobilities were invited to the banquet held at Michinaga's mansion, and Michinaga read an impromptu poem to Sanesuke, 'When I reflect, this world is indeed my world, nor is there any flaw in the full moon' ("Ouki/Shoyuki," original text in Chinese characters).
Japanese: 威子の立后の日（10月16日(旧暦)（11月26日））に道長の邸宅で諸公卿を集めて祝宴が開かれ、道長は実資に向かって即興の歌「この世をば　わが世とぞ思ふ　望月の　欠けたることも　なしと思へば」を詠んだ（『小右記』、原文漢文）。
English: Sanesuke very politely declined to give a poem in response, and instead, he suggested for everyone to recite this 'fine poem' together, and all the court nobilities recited this poem over and over again.
Japanese: 実資は丁重に返歌を断り、代わりに一同が和してこの「名歌」を詠ずることを提案し、公卿一同がこの歌を繰り返し何度も詠った。
English: The banquet held on this day was written in Michinaga's diary even though this poem itself was not included, but this poem was written in the diary of Sanesuke, who was critical of Michinaga, and it has passed on to the later generations.
Japanese: 道長の日記にはこの日の宴会のことは書かれているがこの歌自体は書かれず道長に批判的な実資の日記に書き残され、後世に伝えられることになった。
English: In 1021, Michinaga's youngest daughter, FUJIWARA no Kishi/Yoshiko, served the Crown Prince, Prince Atsunaga, as Naishi no Tsukasa (Lady officials serving Emperor) so that she would also be an Empress in the future, but Kishi/Yoshiko died early in 1025 after she gave birth to Emperor Go-Reizei.
Japanese: 寛仁5年（1021年）、道長の末女・藤原嬉子も将来の皇妃となるべく東宮敦良親王に内侍司として侍したが、嬉子は後冷泉天皇を産んで万寿2年（1025年）に早世した。
English: Man power and resources were funneled into the construction, and Juryo (local governors) of various provinces raced to contribute to this construction project for powerful Michinaga, even if that meant making the necessary payment to the government later.
Japanese: 造営には資財と人力が注ぎ込まれ、諸国の受領は官へ納入を後回しにしても、権門の道長のために争ってこの造営事業に奉仕した。
English: "Eiga Monogatari (The Tale of Glory)" describes the splendor of Hojo-ji Temple as the height of Michinaga's life in luxury.
Japanese: 『栄花物語』は道長の栄耀栄華の極みとしての法成寺の壮麗さを伝えている。
English: Michinaga lived in this Hojo-ji Temple, but many of his children died before him, and because he was sickly it can be said that he did not live peacefully.
Japanese: 道長はこの法成寺に住んだが多くの子供たちに先立たれ、病気がちで安らかとはいえなかった。
English: The definite cause of his death is not known, but it is said, based on the records, that he might have died of either a cancer of diabetes.
Japanese: 死因ははっきりとは分かっていないが、記録から癌または糖尿病ではないかといわれている。
English: Michinaga built the glory days of the Fujiwara Hokke Family, and even after the collapse of the regency government, his descendents alone became Regents and Senior Regents by hereditary succession, and from the main line, the 5 Sekke Families and three families (Kazanin-ke, Oinomikado-ke, Daigo-ke) of the 9 Seigake Families developed.
Japanese: 道長は藤原北家の全盛期を築き、摂関政治の崩壊後も彼の子孫のみが摂関職を代々世襲し、本流から五摂家と九清華家のうち三家（花山院家・大炊御門家・醍醐家）を輩出した。
English: Michinaga's diary between the age of 33 and 56 is called "Diary of Mido-Kanpaku" ("Diary of the Hojo-ji Temple Regent"), and 14 volumes written by himself and 12 volumes that were transcribed are kept at Yomei Library in Kyoto.
Japanese: 道長の33歳から56歳にかけての日記は『御堂関白記』（『法成寺摂政記』）と呼ばれ、自筆本14巻、書写本12巻が京都の陽明文庫に保存されている。
English: Judging from the fact that mistakes in the characters and phonetic equivalents are scattered throughout, and that abusive languages and words of happiness and elation are used candidly Michinaga's easygoing and impulsive character can be seen very well.
Japanese: 誤字・当て字が随所に散らばり、罵言も喜悦の言葉も素直に記してある所を見れば、大らかで直情径行な道長の気性がよく分かる。
English: Further, he referred to his official wife, MINAMOTO no Rinshi, as 'Nyobo (my wife),' and it is worth noting that he used the word 'Nyobo' in the same sense as that used in the modern sense.
Japanese: また正妻源倫子のことをすべて「女房」と表現しており、「女房」という言葉を現代語と同様の意味で用いていることが注目される。
English: It has been designated as a National Treasure in 1951 for being a first class historical resource related to the politics and the life of aristocrats back then.
Japanese: 当時の政治や貴族の生活に関する超一級の史料として、昭和26年（1951年）に国宝に指定された。
English: Michinaga was of large-hearted and pleasant character, and according to a story of his youth his father, Kaneie, envying FUJIWARA no Kinto, a talented son of Kanpaku Yoritada, said with a sigh of grief to his sons, 'my sons fall far short, they won't even be able to step on (Kinto's) shadow.'
Japanese: 道長は豪爽な性格で、若い頃の話として父・兼家が才人である関白頼忠の子の藤原公任を羨み、息子たちに「我が子たちは遠く及ばない、（公任の）影を踏むこともできまい」と嘆息した。
English: Michitaka and Michikane didn't say a word, but Michinaga alone answered, 'I may not be able to step on his shadow, but I can step on his face' (Okagami).
Japanese: 道隆と道兼は言葉もなかったが、道長のみは「影を踏むことはできないでしょうが、その面を踏んでやりましょう」と答えている（大鏡）。
English: At the funeral of the father, Kaneie, MINAMOTO no Yorimitsu, a renowned warrior who observed Michinaga's dignified demeanor, admired him saying that he had the caliber of a general, and he followed his example.
Japanese: 父・兼家の葬儀の際、道長の堂々たる態度を見た名高い武士の源頼光は将帥の器であると感嘆して、自ら従うようになったという。
English: Also, he was an expert at archery, and when he had an archery contest with FUJIWARA no Korechika, heir to his older brother, Michitaka, and who later became his rival, he said, 'if my daughter weds the Emperor then let the arrow strike the target,' then he released the arrow and it hit the target, but Koretaka missed.
Japanese: また弓射に練達し、後にライバルとなる兄・道隆の嫡男の藤原伊周と弓比べをし、「我が娘が寝極に入るならば当たれ」と言って矢を放つと見事に命中し、伊周は外してしまう。
English: Then Michinaga said 'if I am to become Regent and Senior Regent, let the arrow hit the target' and he released the arrow and it hit the target again.
Japanese: 続いて道長が「我れ摂関に至らば当たれ」と言って放つとやはり命中した。
English: Michinaga loved literature and he provided tutelage for female writers such as Murasakishikibu and Izumishikibu, and he not only attended essay-writing gatherings at the Emperor's residence but also hosted essay-writing gatherings and poetry contests at his own mansion.
Japanese: 文学を愛好した道長は紫式部・和泉式部などの女流文学者を庇護し、内裏の作文会に出席するばかりでなく自邸でも作文会や歌合を催したりした。
English: He was the first reader of "The Tale of Genji," and it is said that every time he visited Murasakishikibu's room he asked for her manuscript (it is also said that he was looking forward to reading about an aristocrat that appears in the story who is a tactician modeled after him).
Japanese: 『源氏物語』の第一読者であり、紫式部の局にやってきてはいつも原稿の催促をしていたといわれている（自分をモデルとした策略家の貴族が登場していることからそれを楽しみにしていたとも言われる）。
English: However, Michinaga seemed to have favored Chinese poetry over waka (Japanese) poetry (incidentally, it is said that he did not particularly like his famous poem, 'This world,' because it was composed on the spot, and therefore, it does not appear in "Diary of Mido-Kanpaku," but it is passed down in "Ouki/Shoyuki" by his political enemy, FUJIWARA no Sanesuke).
Japanese: もっとも道長本人は和歌より漢詩の方を得手としていたようである（ちなみに有名な「この世をば」の歌は本人も即興で作った歌であったために気に入らなかったとされ『御堂関白記』などには記載されておらず、政敵・藤原実資の『小右記』に伝えられている）。
English: Furthermore, as a politician he took price stabilization measures by adjusting the commodity valuation system (after Michinaga and Sanesuke died court nobilities no longer worked on public policy, which became a remote cause for the effective control of political authority to be seized by Insei (Administration from the Office of the Retired Emperor) and by military regime by the warrior class).
Japanese: また、政治家としては估価法の整備などの物価対策などにも取り組んだ（道長や実資が死ぬと公卿が社会政策に取り組む事はなくなり、院政や武家政権に政治の実権を奪われる遠因となる）。
English: Also, he had a deep faith in Buddhism (Pure Land teaching in particular), and it is said that at his last moment he passed away in the middle of a ritual to pray for the Pure Land surrounded by many monks in front of the principal image of Hojo-ji Temple's Amitabha hall that he built himself.
Japanese: また、仏教（特に浄土教）に対して信仰心が厚く、最期は自らが建てた法成寺阿弥陀堂本尊前で大勢の僧侶に囲まれ極楽浄土を祈願する儀式の中で臨終の時を迎えたとされる。
English: May 31: He was permitted to visit the Crown Prince (Prince Morosada, later Emperor Kazan).
Japanese: 4月28日(旧暦)（5月31日）：東宮（のちの花山天皇こと、師貞親王）昇殿を許される
English: August 1st: He was permitted again to enter the Court because Emperor Ichijo was enthroned.
Japanese: 6月23日(旧暦)（8月1日）：一条天皇践祚により、あらためて昇殿を許される
English: September 3rd: He was promoted to Shogoinoge (Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade), and his position as Kurodo and Uhyoe-gonnosuke remained unchanged.
Japanese: 7月27日(旧暦)（9月3日）：正五位下に昇叙し、蔵人・右兵衛権佐如元
English: November 19: He was transferred to Sakonoe-shosho and retained the position of Shonagon.
Japanese: 10月15日(旧暦)（11月19日）：左近衛少将に転任し、少納言如元
English: December 21: He was promoted to Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) and retained the position of Sakonoe-shosho.
Japanese: 11月18日(旧暦)（12月21日）：従四位下に昇叙し、左近衛少将如元。
English: October 21: His position as Sakonoe-shosho ended, but he was permitted to wear a sword on his belt.
Japanese: 9月26日(旧暦)（10月21日）：左近衛少将を止むが、帯剣を許される
English: October 26: He was also assigned to Chugu (daughter of FUJIWARA no Michitaka, Emperor Ichijo's Empress, FUJIWARA no Teishi/Sadako) Daibu.
Japanese: 10月5日(旧暦)（10月26日）：中宮（藤原道隆の娘で一条天皇中宮・藤原定子）大夫を兼任
English: May 31st: He was promoted to Junii, retaining the positions of Gondainagon and Chugu Daibu.
Japanese: 4月27日(旧暦)（5月31日）：従二位に昇叙し、権大納言・中宮大夫如元
English: Among adopted children and children considered as his, there are: MINAMOTO no Narinobu (son of Prince Munehira, nephew of Rinshi), whose father became an ordained monk and passed away so his relative, Michinaga, took guardianship; FUJIWARA no Nobumoto (Norimichi's son, later FUJIWARA no Michimoto) and FUJIWARA no Kaneyori (Yorimune's son), who were Michinaga's biological grandsons but Michinaga adopted them in order to facilitate their promotion; and the brothers adopted for the same reason, FUJIWARA no Kanetsune and Domyo (Betto of Shitenno-ji Temple), who were biological sons of Michitsuna, who was Michinaga's half brother by a different mother.
Japanese: なお、養子・猶子となった者に実父の出家・死去によって縁戚の道長が後見を務めた源成信（致平親王の子・倫子の甥）、道長の実の孫でその昇進の便宜のために道長が養子とした藤原信基（教通の子、後の藤原通基）・藤原兼頼（頼宗の子）、同様のケースと考えられる道長の異母兄道綱の実子である藤原兼経・道命（四天王寺別当）兄弟が挙げられる。