nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: According to "Mino no Kuni Shokyuki" (the Chronicles of Mino Province) which was compiled during the Edo period, and other sources, Kicho was apparently her posthumous name.
Japanese: 諱は江戸時代に成立した『美濃国諸旧記』などから帰蝶（きちょう）とされる。
English: It is noted in "Mino no Kuni Shokyuki" that she was known as 'Sagiyama-dono,' but it is also possible to speculate that she was known as 'Iguchi-dono' or 'Kinka-dono,' because it is understood that she was born and raised in Gifu-jo Castle, which was also called 'Inabayama-jo Castle,' and had nicknames including 'Iguchi-jo Castle' and 'Kinkayama-jo Castle' at the time.
Japanese: 「鷺山殿」と呼ばれていたと『美濃国諸旧記』に記されているが、彼女は岐阜城で生まれ育っていると推測されており、「稲葉山城」がこの当時「井口城」「金華山城」と呼ばれていたことからして「井口殿」「金華山殿」などと呼ばれていたとの推測も可能である。
English: But it is also possible that she moved into Sagiyama-jo Castle before her marriage in 1548 with her father Dosan SAITO who used the castle as his retreat for his old age, because it is also clear that Nohime and Magoshiro SAITO and Kiheiji SAITO, who are considered to be her younger brothers, lived at Inabayama-jo Castle at the time.
Japanese: ただし、輿入れ前の天文17年（1548年）に父・斎藤道三が鷺山城を隠居所として移り住んでおり、濃姫と同腹の弟と考えられている斎藤孫四郎と斎藤喜平次も稲葉山城に居住していなかった事が明らかであるため、濃姫も道三と共に鷺山城に移り住んだ可能性がある。
English: Another possible reason it would make sense for her to be called 'Sagiyama-dono' is that her marriage procession may have departed from Sagiyama-jo Castle where her parents lived even after she continued to live at Inabayama-jo Castle.
Japanese: また、稲葉山城に引き続き居住していたとしても、両親の住む鷺山城から輿入れの出立をしたとも考えられ、それにちなんで「鷺山殿」と呼ばれたと考えれば辻褄が合う。
English: Her common 'Nohime' means 'a woman of high class from Mino Province' and it is believed that she went by the common name after she married, but there is a theory that the name was given in later years.
Japanese: 「濃姫」という通称は「美濃国出身の高貴な女性」という意味であり、結婚後のものとされるが、後世作られたものという説もある。
English: There is a theory that she and Mitsuhide AKECHI were cousins to each other, but it cannot be determined because the first half of the life of Mitsuhide remains unknown.
Japanese: 明智光秀とは従兄妹同士という説があるが、光秀自身の前半生が不明であるため確定は出来ない。
English: In general, she is considered to be an intelligent and composed woman and to have served as a good wife for Nobunaga, but she was not necessarily an obedient one.
Japanese: 一般には、知的で気性のしっかりした女性であり、従順な妻という意味とは別の意味で、信長にとって良き妻であったとのイメージがある。
English: In addition, Nobunaga highly appreciated his wife's supportive role at home as she reprimanded a vassal who lived apart from his wife and tried to mediate in an argument between Hideyoshi HASHIBA and his wife, but much of her real character remains obscure because there are hardly any records about Nohime as Nobunaga's wife.
Japanese: また、信長は夫婦別居した部下を叱ったり、羽柴秀吉夫妻の喧嘩に仲裁に出たりと、家庭における妻の内助の役割を高く評価していた言動が多いものの、実際の彼の妻である濃姫の史料は極めて乏しく、その実像には謎が多い。
English: She married Nobunaga as a matter of political strategy on March 23, 1549.
Japanese: 天文18年2月24日(旧暦)（1549年3月23日）に政略結婚で信長に嫁いだ。
English: It is commonly viewed that she bore him no children, but there is no way to confirm whether they really had none, because the biological mothers of many of Nobunaga's children were unknown.
Japanese: 二人の間には子ができなかったというのが通説だが、信長の子供は生母不明の者が多く、本当に子がいなかったかどうかは確認できない。
English: There are a genealogy that shows that they had a daughter and literature that she gave birth.
Japanese: 二人の間に娘のいる家系図が残っていたり、御台出産記事のある文献もある。
English: Her character remains obscure as described earlier, and there are various theories about her life after she married into the Oda clan, with one theory saying she died young and another saying she divorced.
Japanese: 前述のようにその人物像は不明で、織田家に嫁いだ後の消息は早世説・離婚説など諸説に分かれている。
English: There is even a theory that says she died during the Honno-ji Incident as she took up the naginata halberd and fought the enemy forces with her husband Nobunaga, but the theory that says that she died at Honno-ji Temple, the situation which has been used in historical novels and other forms of entertainment, has low credibility.
Japanese: 本能寺の変の際に薙刀を振るって夫・信長とともに敵兵と戦って戦死したという説もあるが、歴史小説などで用いられているこの本能寺での死亡説の信憑性は低い。
English: One theory says that "Tokitsugu Kyoki," which was compiled in 1569 when Nobunaga conquered Mino Province, could show that Nohime (Kicho) was alive, because there is an entry in the diary that says that she was 'the lawful wife of Nobunaga' of the Saito family.
Japanese: 一説に、濃姫（帰蝶）の生存を示すのではないかと考えられる史料として、信長が美濃を制圧した時期である永禄12年（1569年）の『言継卿記』に斎藤家親族の「信長本妻」の記述がある。
English: In addition, there is an entry in "Omi no Kuni Kochi-shi" that says that Nobunaga and his wife stayed at Jobodai-ji Temple, and this "wife" is believed to be Kicho, because it is also believed that the entry was written in 1568, the year before the above-mentioned entry from "Tokitsugu Kyoki."
Japanese: 『近江國輿地志』にも、信長と御台所が共に成菩提寺に止宿したと言う記述もあり、おそらく永禄11年（1568年）頃の記述と思われ、前述の『言継卿記』の記事の前年である事から帰蝶の事と考えられる。
English: And an entry and other information from "Seishu Gunki" say that Nobunaga's wife, who was the daughter of Dosan SAITO, bore him no children and that Nobutada ODA (his childhood name was Kimyo or Kimyomaru), who was born from one of Nobunaga's concubines, was adopted so that Nobunaga could make him the legitimate son.
Japanese: また『勢州軍記』には、信長の御台所である斎藤道三の娘に若君が生まれなかったため側室が生んだ織田信忠（幼名、奇妙または奇妙丸）を養子とし嫡男とした、などの記述も見られる。
English: And in "Akechi Gunki" (biography of Mitsuhide AKECHI), there is an entry that says that Nobunaga's wife (Nohime, the lawful wife) treated his vassals with many avalons and other delicacies at a banquet held after the suppression of Owari Province to express gratitude for their support for the order of the suppression of Mino Province.
Japanese: また『明智軍記』にも尾張平定後の饗膳の際に、信長内室（正室の濃姫）が美濃討伐の命令を望む家臣達に感謝し、家臣達にたくさんのあわびなどを振舞ったという記載がある。
English: Because "Akechi Gunki" was compiled by the Shogunate sometime between 1688 and 1703 (with the oldest original edition published in 1693), there are many entries that are different from historical facts and fabricated; however, it can be assumed that it had been generally understood, at least at the time when the biography was compiled, that Nohime remained Nobunaga's lawful wife after the suppression of Owari Province and that there were no facts that she died or she was divorced after Dosan died.
Japanese: 『明智軍記』は元禄年間（最古の元版は1693年版）の幕府作成のものであるので、史実と異なる点や歪曲している点なども多くみられるが、少なくとも作成時の段階では一般的に濃姫は尾張平定後も信長の正室として存在しており、道三亡き後濃姫が離縁された、亡くなったというような事実はなかった、という認識だったのではないかと推測できる。
English: Because there is an entry in "ODA Nobukatsu Bungencho" (registers of vassals of Nobukatsu ODA) that says that a woman called 'Azuchi-dono' was given chigyo fief worth 600 kanmon, that she was listed third in the order of female vassals following Nobukatsu's lawful wife and Tokuhime, that she was listed prior to 'Okatadono-sama,' who is believed to be Dota-gozen, and that her name included 'Azuchi' from Azuchi-jo Castle, it can be assumed that she retained a prominent position in the Oda family and she could be the lawful wife of Nobunaga, the deceased father of Nobukatsu ODA.
Japanese: 『織田信雄分限帳』に「安土殿」という女性が、600貫文の知行を与えられているのが記載されており、女性としては信雄正室、徳姫に続き三番目に記載され、土田御前と推測される「大方殿様」よりも先に記載されている事、安土城の「安土」という土地を冠されている事から、織田家における地位の高さがうかがえ、織田信雄の亡き父・信長の正室にあたるのではないかとも考えられる。
English: Because the word 'tsubone' means 'a space where a wife and her children live,' it can be assumed that the lawful life was called 'Mitsubone' reflecting her status as the most authoritative person in the inner hall of a castle, and that the 'Mitsubone' who was given more chigyo fief than anyone else among those listed in "ODA Nobukatsu Bungencho" was Nohime.
Japanese: 「局」が「妻子の居住する空間」を示すことから、奥でもっとも権威のあった正室を「御局」と称したとも考えられ、『織田信雄分限帳』に記載されているもっとも知行の多い「御局」が濃姫という可能性もある。
English: In addition, it would be premature to conclude that the 'Okatadono-sama' was actually 'Dota-gozen,' due to the fact that Nohime herself was regarded as 'Okatadono-sama' because she was the lawful wife of Nobukatsu's father Nobunaga, and that there are no historical materials that can prove Nohime was not 'Okatadono-sama.'
Japanese: また、信雄から見て父信長の正室である濃姫は、「大方殿様」の立場にあたる為、「大方殿様」が濃姫ではないと裏付ける史料がない以上、「大方殿様」を「土田御前」と決めつけることも早計である。
English: In "Ujisato-ki," "Sokenin-dono Tsuizen-ki" and other materials, there are entries that the 'Midaidokoro,' or the Shogun's wife, and 'Kitanokata' were included in those who fled the Azuchi-jo Castle following the Honnoji Incident with Nobunaga's wife and children, so it can be assumed that Nohime was the same person as Azuchi-dono (or Mitsubone).
Japanese: 『氏郷記』『総見院殿追善記』などには本能寺の変直後、安土城から落ち延びた信長妻子の中に「御台所」「北の方」の記述が見られ、安土殿（または御局）と同一人物とも推測できる。
English: If 'Midaidokoro' and 'Kitanokata' were Nohime, it would be physically impossible for her to be present at Honno-ji Temple at the time of the Honnoji Incident, given the fact that she fled Azuchi-jo Castle the day after the incident.
Japanese: この「御台所」「北の方」が濃姫だったとすると、本能寺の変の翌日であることから考えて、変時に彼女が本能寺にいたとするのは時間的に無理がある。
English: Because she did not earn her place in history after she married, it has often been considered she was poor in health or divorced, or even incapable of managing concubines and other female attendants of the castle; in fact, it can be assumed that she was indeed an able woman who could manage the O-oku system at the time, in which a shogun had one lawful wife and many other concubines and lovers, because Nobunaga's scandals related to his bedrooms never came out and were well managed.
Japanese: 結婚後は歴史の表舞台に一切名を残さなかったせいか、病弱説や離婚説、奥を取り仕切るだけの器量がなかったなどという評価がなされる事があったが、実際は信長の閨房における醜聞が一切表に出ずきちんと取り仕切られていたことから、決して無能な女性ではなく一正室多側室多愛妾多伽係という当時の奥制度をきちんと管理出来る女性だったと考えられる。
English: Nohime adopted Nobunaga's legitimate son Nobutada, and it is believed that Nohime went ahead to adopt Nobutada because if the child of Nohime, who was linked by blood to the Saito and Toki clans, was the legitimate son of Nobunaga, Mino Province could have been ruled more smoothly and the authenticity of the heir could be emphasized on top of the letter from Dosan which named Nobunaga as successor of Mino Province.
Japanese: 信長嫡男の信忠は濃姫が養子にしているが、濃姫があえて信忠を養子に迎えた理由として道三の国譲状により信長の美濃支配の正当性はあるものの、斎藤氏、土岐氏の血を引く濃姫の子供が信長の嫡男であればより円滑な美濃支配と後継者の正統性を強調できるためではないかと思われる。
English: In "Myoshinji-shi," or the chronicle of Myoshin-ji Temple, there is an entry that says that the wife of Nobunaga organized the first year anniversary of Nobunaga's death on July 20, 1583, so it is highly possible that this was 'Azuchi-dono (or Mitsubone)' because it was a Buddhist mass not hosted by Hideyoshi and that the "wife" here would not refer to Kyounin (Onabe no kata).
Japanese: 『妙心寺史』には、天正11年6月2日（1583年）に信長公夫人主催で一周忌を執り行った記事があり、秀吉主催とは別の一周忌法会であるため、興雲院（お鍋の方）とは別人と推測され、「安土殿（または御局）」である可能性が高い。
English: And if 'Azuchi-dono (or Mitsubone)' were Nohime, it would mean that she died on July 26, 1612, at age of 78 and was buried at Soken-in Temple, which stands in the compound of Daitoku-ji Temple, under the Buddhist posthumous name of 'Yokainden Yoshinmyo Daishi.'
Japanese: 「安土殿（または御局）」が彼女であった場合、慶長17年7月9日(旧暦)（1612年7月26日）に78歳で逝去、「養華院殿要津妙玄大姉」という法名で大徳寺総見院に埋葬されている事となる。
English: Masanaga HATAKEYAMA (1442-June 9, 1493) was a busho (Japanese military commander) and shugo daimyo (shugo, which were Japanese provincial military governors, that became daimyo, which were Japanese feudal lords) in the late Muromachi period.
Japanese: 畠山政長（はたけやままさなが、嘉吉2年（1442年）-明応2年閏4月25日(旧暦)（1493年6月9日））は、室町時代後期の武将・守護大名。
English: Masanaga's father, Mochitomi HATAKEYAMA was planned to become the heir of his older brother in kanrei position, Mochikuni HATAKEYAMA, who did not have a legitimate child.
Japanese: 政長の父畠山持富は、嫡子のない兄の管領畠山持国の嗣子に予定されていた。
English: However, Mochikuni attempted to have his illegitimate child, Yoshinari HATAKEYAMA, who was born between Mochikuni and yujo (a prostitute), take over the family estate.
Japanese: しかし持国は、遊女に産ませた庶子畠山義就を召し出して後を嗣がせようとした。
English: After Mochitomi soon died, Masanaga's older brother, Masahisa HATAKEYAMA succeeded his father and fought against Yoshinari.
Japanese: 持富は間もなく没したが、政長の兄の畠山政久が後を嗣いで義就と争った。
English: Thus, Masanaga became the successor of Yasaburo supported by people who were on Yasaburo's side such as Naganobu JINBO, and developed a fierce battle with Yoshinari.
Japanese: そのため、政長は弥三郎派の神保長誠らの支持を受けて弥三郎の後継となり、義就と激しい戦いを繰り広げた。
English: Masanaga returned to the bakufu instead of Yoshinari, who lost power in 1460, made a great achievements in pursuing Yoshinari, and became kanrei in 1466.
Japanese: 1460年に失脚した義就に代わり幕府に帰参し、義就の追討に功績を挙げ、文正元年（1466年）には管領に就任する。
English: When Mochitoyo (Sozen) YAMANA backed up Yoshinari HATAKEYAMA and Masanaga was dismissed, Masanaga expressed dissatisfaction with the dismissal of the kanrei position, turned to Katsumoto HOSOKAWA, and raised an army at Kamimitama-sha Shrine in Kyoto in 1467.
Japanese: 山名持豊(宗全)らが畠山義就を擁立して政長が罷免されると、翌1467年に管領の解任を不服として細川勝元を頼り、ついに京都上御霊社において挙兵した。
English: This became a cause of the Onin War, along with battles between the Ashikaga Shogun Family and the Shiba clan (Buei Riot).
Japanese: 足利将軍家や斯波氏の争い（武衛騒動）と関連して応仁の乱のきっかけとなる。
English: However, when Masanaga was appointed as shugo of Yamashiro Province during the war, he forced through an implementation of Shugo-ryogoku system in order to obtain the real power of shugo, which was just a nominal role before because originally Yamashiro Province was governed as direct control territory of the bakufu or Imperial Court, or as shoen (manor) of dominant nobility or temples and shrines.
Japanese: ところが、乱の最中に政長が山城国の守護に任じられると、本来山城国は幕府や朝廷の直轄領や有力貴族・寺社の荘園として統治され、名目上の役割に過ぎなかった筈の守護職に実権を得るために、守護領国制の導入を強行した。
English: This not only caused strong feelings by Masamoto HOSOKAWA (a son of Katsumoto) who was on the same East squad, but also caused an invasion of Yamashiro Province by Yoshinari's army under the name of 'punitive expedition of Masanaga' and a revolt by kokujin and peasants of Yamashiro Province (the uprising in Yamashiro Province).
Japanese: だが、それが同じ東軍であった細川政元（勝元の子）ら幕府首脳達の反感を買ったばかりでなく、「政長討伐」を名目とした義就軍の山城侵攻や、山城の国人・農民達による国人一揆（山城国一揆）を引き起こした。
English: In 1493, Masanaga maintained reins of power by keeping the family estate while supporting then-shogun Yoshiki ASHIKAGA (later Yoshitane).
Japanese: 明応2年（1493年）には当時の将軍足利義稙(後の義稙)を擁しながら、家督を維持して権勢を誇った。
English: However, Masamoto HOSOKAWA, who became kanrei by then, caused Coup of Meio for the purpose of destroying the shogun and regaining real power.
Japanese: しかし、管領となっていた細川政元が将軍廃立と実権奪還を目的とした明応の政変を起こした。
English: Ienobu TOKUGAWA was the sixth seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and took office from June 8, 1709 to November 12, 1712.
Japanese: 徳川家宣（とくがわいえのぶ）は江戸幕府第6代征夷大将軍である（在職：宝永6年5月1日(旧暦)（1709年6月8日）-正徳(日本)2年10月14日(旧暦)（1712年11月12日））。
English: Recent research shows that he went by the family name of Matsudaira while he was in Kofu (because use of Tokugawa was only allowed for those from the head family, the three privileged branches of the family, and the heir).
Japanese: 近年の研究では、甲府時代は松平を名乗っていた（宗家、御三家の当主、世嗣以外は徳川を名乗れなかった）。
English: He was born the first son of Tsunashige TOKUGAWA on June 11, 1662, at the Nezu house in Edo.
Japanese: 寛文2年4月25日（1662年6月11日）、徳川綱重の長男として江戸根津邸にて生まれる。
English: Because he was born to a 26-year-old low-rank maid when his father, who was about to marry his lawful wife, was 19 years old, he was adopted by Masanobu SHINMI, one of the vassals of the family, and went by the name of Sakon SHINMI.
Japanese: 父が正室を娶る直前の19歳の時に身分の低い26歳の女中に生ませた子であったため、世間をはばかって家臣の新見正信に預けられ、養子として新見左近を名乗った。
English: He was brought back to the Tokugawa family by Tsunashige, who had no male children as heir, when he was nine years old, and when he reached adulthood he went by the name of Tsunatoyo after being granted use of a portion of the real name of uncle Ietsuna TOKUGAWA, the fourth shogun, and after his father died in 1678, he took over as head of the family at age 17 and was raised by his grandmother JUNSEI-IN.
Japanese: 9歳のとき、他の男子に恵まれなかった綱重の世嗣として呼び戻され、元服して伯父である4代将軍・徳川家綱の偏諱を受けて「綱豊」と名乗り、延宝6年（1678年）の父の死後、17歳で家督を継承し祖母・順性院に育てられた。
English: He was one of leading candidates as the fifth shogun along with Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, Tsunashige's younger brother and the lord of the Tatebayashi Domain in Kozuke Province, when Ietsuna became critically ill in 1680 because Ietsuna had no male child, but because Masatoshi HOTTA strongly recommended Tsunayoshi, who was more closely related to Iemitsu by blood, for the shogun, Tsunatoyo did not take office as shogun.
Japanese: 延宝8年（1680年）、家綱が重態となった際には、家綱に男子がなかったことから綱重の弟に当たる上野国館林藩主・徳川綱吉とともに第5代将軍の有力候補であったが、堀田正俊が家光に血が近い綱吉を強力に将軍に推したため、綱豊の将軍就任はならなかった。
English: Tsunayoshi had no male child either, but because Tsunayoshi's son-in-law Tsunanori TOKUGAWA was among the leading candidates as heir, he changed his name to Ienobu as heir to the shogun after Tsunanori's death and took residence in the western citadel of Edo-jo Castle in December 31, 1704, at age 43.
Japanese: 綱吉にも世嗣がいなかったが、綱吉娘婿の徳川綱教も後継候補だったため、綱教の死後、将軍世嗣として「家宣」と改名して江戸城西の丸に入ったのは宝永元年12月5日(旧暦)（1704年12月31日）、家宣が43歳の時だった。
English: When Tsunayoshi died in 1709 and he assumed the position of the sixth shogun at age 48, Ienobu showed backbone by abolishing notorious ordinances such as Shorui-Awaremi-no-rei (ordinances of animal protection) and liquor tax, winning widespread popularity and raising expectations from the common people.
Japanese: 宝永6年（1709年）、綱吉が亡くなり、48歳で第6代将軍に就任すると、悪評の高かった生類憐れみの令や酒税を廃止するなど気概を示したため、庶民からの人気と期待は高かった。
English: In an effort to promote the transformation of the feudal government from a military to civilian institution, he dismissed Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA and appointed Hakuseki ARAI, and also gave orders to Shigehide OGIWARA in an attempt to reform the government's financial practices, but Ienobu died on November 12, 1712, three years after he took office.
Japanese: 柳沢吉保を免職し、間部詮房・新井白石を登用して文治政治を推進し、荻原重秀に命じて財政改革を試みたが、在職3年後の正徳2年10月14日（1712年11月12日）に死去。
English: The periods ruled by Ienobu and his successor Ietsugu TOKUGAWA are known collectively as "Shotoku no chi" (the peaceful era of Shotoku).
Japanese: 家宣と次代将軍・徳川家継の治世を、併せて正徳の治（正徳の政治）という。
English: When his father Tsunashige brought him back to name him heir, Masanobu SHINMI, Masashige OTA, and Tokiyuki SHIMADA were ordered to work under Ienobu.
Japanese: 父・綱重に世子として呼び戻された際、家宣付の家臣として新見正信、太田正成、島田時之らを付された。
English: Ienobu had absolute confidence in Shinmi because he was adopted and raised by him, but Ota and Shimada became jealous of Shinmi and brought a false charge against him, telling the bakufu that Sakon had died young and Shinmi replaced his own child with Sakon.
Japanese: 新見は家宣の育ての父であり、さらに養父であったことから家宣の信任が厚く、それを嫉妬した太田・島田らが幕府に対して「左近は早世しており、新見が自らの子を左近として擁立した」と讒訴した。
English: When the accusation was proved groundless, the bakufu ordered the two to commit harakiri, but Ienobu pleaded with the bakufu to save their lives, saying that he would like to have them spared because they had served for him, although temporarily, and the sentence was reduced to banishment.
Japanese: これがと知れると、両名は幕府から切腹を命じられたが、家宣は「一時とはいえ、自分のために仕えてくれた家臣を助けてほしい」と助命を嘆願し、流罪に減刑された。
English: It is believed that he was strongly recommended by Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA, the lord of the Mito Domain, to become the next shogun when Tsunayoshi's biological child Tokumatsu TOKUGAWA died young.
Japanese: 綱吉の実子・徳川徳松が早世すると、水戸藩主・徳川光圀から強く次期将軍に推挙されたといわれる。
English: It is generally understood that he was extremely dedicated to learning, and enthusiastically studied history under the tutelage of Hakuseki ARAI on matters including achievements gained by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, the first shogun, Hidetada TOKUGAWA, the second shogun and his great-grandfather, and Iemitsu TOKUGAWA, the third shogun.
Japanese: 無類の学問好きで、新井白石から初代将軍・徳川家康、曽祖父の2代将軍・徳川秀忠、祖父の3代将軍・徳川家光の事跡など、歴史について熱心に学んだといわれる。
English: It is said that he ordered his vassals to compile a book in 10 months to cover the family lineage and the brief biography of all the territorial lords existed in the 80 years from 1600 through 1680, and he always kept the book, titled "Hankanpu," on hand.
Japanese: また慶長5年（1600年）から延宝8年（1680年）に至る80年間の諸大名家の家系図と略伝を10ヶ月でまとめさせ、『藩翰譜』と題して常に手元に置いたという。
English: Ienobu never received any gifts which could work as bribes from territorial lords and hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) who had an axe to grind when he first came to the western citadel of Edo-jo Castle after he was adopted by Tsunayoshi.
Japanese: 綱吉から養子として迎えられて江戸城西の丸に入ったとき、また下心を持つ諸大名や旗本が賄賂に近い祝い品を持ってきたとき、家宣はこれらを全く受け取らなかったといわれる。
English: It is also believed that he reshuffled bakufu personnel and strictly cracked down on wrongdoings after he took over the position of the shogun.
Japanese: 後に将軍になると、人事を一新して、不正を厳しく取り締まったといわれる。
English: It is believed that he made tremendous efforts in appointing useful staff members when he became the shogun, bringing Arai, Kyuso MURO and many other scholars into the administration.
Japanese: 将軍になると、新井のほかに室鳩巣ら多くの学者を招聘し、人材の登用に尽力したといわれる。
English: He is described as the wise ruler among the successive shoguns, as he came up with various measures to reform the bakufu, including discontinuing the unpopular law prohibiting cruelty to animals, and there are many voices that say it was such a loss that he died only three years after taking office.
Japanese: 人気のなかった「生類憐みの令」を廃止するなどして、幕政改革に熱心だったことから、歴代将軍の中でも名君と評されていて、在位3年で死去したのを惜しむ声が多い。
English: Tsunayoshi, the fifth shogun, said in his last testament to strictly observe the law prohibiting cruelty to animals, but Ienobu, two days before the funeral of Tsunayoshi, apparently said the following to lord chamberlain Yoshiyasu YANAGISAWA in front of the coffin of Tsunayoshi:
Japanese: 5代将軍・綱吉は「生類憐みの令」を厳守することを遺言したが、家宣は葬儀の2日前に綱吉の柩の前で、側用人の柳沢吉保に対し次のように言ったという。
English: It is believed that when Ienobu was on his deathbed, he consulted Arai through lord chamberlain Akifusa MANABE about the next shogun as follows:
Japanese: 家宣が死の床についたとき、側用人の間部詮房を通じ、新井に将軍継嗣について家宣は以下のように相談したという。
English: "Which one of the two plans do you think is better: I should relinquish the shogun's post for Owari dono and let him decide what to do when Nabematsu reaches adulthood because Tosho-gu (Ieyasu) established the three privileged branches specifically for this kind of situation, or; I should ask Owari dono to stay in the western citadel until Nabematsu reaches adulthood to administer the bakufu and ask him to take over the shogun family in case Nabematsu dies by misfortune."
Japanese: 東照宮（家康）が御三家を立てられたのはこのような時のためであるから、自分の後は尾張殿に譲り、鍋松が成人した折には尾張殿の心に任せた方が良いか、あるいは鍋松が成人するまで尾張殿には西丸にいて政治を執ってもらい、不幸にして鍋松が死んだ場合に尾張殿に将軍家を継いでもらった方が良いか、この2案のうちどちらが良いか。
English: But Hakuseki was opposed to both plans and advised him to name Nabematsu the heir and order fudai (hereditary vassals) to support him, and Ienobu acknowledged the plan and soon after breathed his last.
Japanese: これに対して、白石は2案とも反対し、鍋松を継嗣として譜代の者がこれを補佐することを進言したので、家宣もその案を受け入れ、間もなく息を引き取った。
English: He called himself Toramatsu MATSUDAIRA on August 24, 1670.
Japanese: 寛文10年7月9日(旧暦)（1670年8月24日）、松平虎松を称する。
English: On January 15, 1677, he was commissioned with the Jusanmi (Junior Third Rank) and appointed Sakone gon no chujo (Provisional Middle Captain of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards).
Japanese: 延宝4年12月12日(旧暦)（1677年1月15日）、従三位に叙し、左近衛権中将に任官。
English: On December 8, 1678, he was appointed castellan of Fuchu, Kai Province, and was granted inheritance the territory.
Japanese: 延宝6年10月25日(旧暦)（1678年12月8日）、甲斐国府中城主襲封
English: On January 13, 1691, he was transferred as gon chunagon (provisional middle councilor).
Japanese: 元禄3年12月15日(旧暦)（1691年1月13日）、権中納言に転任。
English: On December 31, 1704, he was named heir to succeed the position of shogun.
Japanese: 宝永元年12月5日(旧暦)（1704年12月31日）、将軍後継者となる。
English: On March 29, 1705, he was promoted to the position of junii (junior second rank) and was transferred to the position of go dainagon (provisional chief councilor of state).
Japanese: 宝永2年3月5日(旧暦)（1705年3月29日）、従二位に昇叙し、権大納言に転任。
English: On June 8, 1709, he was promoted to the position of shonii (senior second rank) and was transferred to the position of naidaijin (minister of the interior).
Japanese: 宝永6年5月1日(旧暦)（1709年6月8日）、正二位に昇叙し、内大臣に転任。
English: He died on January 15, 1712.
Japanese: 正徳(日本)2年10月14日(旧暦)（1712年1月15日）、薨去。
English: It is rare for someone to concurrently hold the position of chujo (middle captain), who served as suke (assistant director) of the Konoefu (the headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards), and shogen, (lieutenant), who also served as hangan (inspector) of the Konoefu.
Japanese: ※近衛府の次官たる中将と同府の判官たる将監を兼任するのは珍しい様相である。