nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The bronze bell (temple bell) is said to have been cast by Hideyori TOYOTOMI and used by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA as a gong in Osaka no Eki (The Siege of Osaka); it was dedicated to the temple by Hikozaemon OKUBO.
Japanese: 豊臣秀頼が鋳造し、徳川家康が大坂の役で陣鐘として用い、大久保彦左衛門が奉納したとされる梵鐘。
English: This is the cemetery of Hikozaemon OKUBO, an artist, Ganku, 拝匠 and Baishitsu.
Japanese: 大久保彦左衛門、画家岸駒（がんく）、拝匠梅室（ばいしつ）の墓が有る。
English: The dharma lineage started with the founder of a religious sect, Nichiren, followed by Nichiro (Rokuroso), Nichiin (the winner of Kamakura denchu mondo dialogue), and Nichijo (who originated from the Uesugi clan).
Japanese: 宗祖日蓮から、日朗（六老僧）、日印（鎌倉殿中問答の勝者）、日静（上杉氏
English: The Gokaicho of the founder of the religious sect, Nichiren's nenjibutsu (a small statue of Buddha kept beside the person), 'standing statue of Shakyamuni Butsu' in Ryuzo-do Hall is exhibited to the public twice each year, once in Manninko (early April) and again in Oeshiki (a Buddhist (memorial) service in the Nichiren sect, held on October 13).
Japanese: 立像堂（りゅうぞうどう）の宗祖日蓮の念持仏｢立像釈迦牟尼仏｣は､年二回､万人講（4月上旬）と御会式（おえしき）（10月13日）の時において、御開帳される｡
English: It is located at 394 Kitanobe machi, Hirokoji-dori (Kyoto City) noboru, Teramachi dori, Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture (northeast of Kyoto Imperial Palace).
Japanese: 京都府京都市上京区寺町通広小路通(京都市)上ル北之辺町394番地（京都御所の北東）
English: After exiting from Seiwa-in Gomon Gate of Kyoto Imperial Palace and heading north for a while from Teramachi-dori, there are three famous temples: Rozan-ji Temple, where the remains of Murasakishikibu's villa are found on the east side of the street, and the south side to the precincts of the temple, Shojoke-in Temple, which is famous for Migawarifudo and Honzen-ji Temple.
Japanese: 京都御所の清和院御門を出て、寺町通を少し北に進むと、道の東側に南から境内に｢紫式部邸宅遺跡｣がある廬山寺､｢身代り不動｣が有名な清浄華院､本禅寺の三寺が並ぶ。
English: It was once located on Shijo-dori horikawa-dori, but it was moved to 方四町 in Nishijin after Tenbun-honan (Tenbun Hokke War) during the time in which Nichikaku daisojo was in power.
Japanese: かつて、日陣創建時は四条通堀川通に有り、天文法難以後、日覚大僧正の時に西陣の方四町の地に移る。
English: Shinnyosanmayado was built by Daigo-ji Temple, Sohonzan (the head temple of a Buddhist sect) of the Daigo school of the Shingon sect in 1997, in order to solemnly display the righteous behavior of Shinjo ITO, who was the founder of the sect of a religious corporation of Shinnyoen Buddhism.
Japanese: 真如三昧耶堂（しんにょさんまやどう）は、宗教法人真如苑教主・伊藤真乗の浄行を荘厳するために、真言宗醍醐派総本山醍醐寺により1997年に建立された堂。
English: The place where Shinnyosanmayado was built-- the site of the Hokke Sanmai-do, which was constructed soon after Daigo-ji Temple was built (it was burned down in a battle on September 24, 1470)--is located at the bottom part of Daigo-ji Temple, marking the realization of Emperor Daigo's wish.
Japanese: 真如三昧耶堂のある場所は、醍醐寺開創間もない頃に建立された法華三昧堂（文明(日本)2年（1470年）8月20日戦火により炎上）の跡地で、醍醐天皇の誓願を実現した醍醐寺の下伽藍に位置する。
English: Consequently, one of the systems of religious teachings of Shinnyoen Buddhism, called Shinnyo mitsu (Shinnyo Esoteric) (named by the head priest Yushu OKADA, who was from the Daigo school of the Shingon sect) was established as 'Shinnyo Sanmaya School.'
Japanese: これによって真如苑の法流、すなわち真如密（真言宗醍醐派の故岡田宥秀門跡が命名）が、「真如三昧耶流」という一流派として確立された。
English: Shinnyo sanmayaryu is one of the religious schools of the Shingon sect, which was made famous by Daigo-ji Temple, Sohonzan (the head temple of a Buddhist sect) of the Daigo school of the Shingon sect, but it's also the system of teachings of the Buddhist Shinnyoen himself.
Japanese: 真如三昧耶流（しんにょさんまやりゅう）は、真言宗醍醐派総本山醍醐寺により顕揚された真言宗の一流派であり、また、真如苑独自の法流でもある。
English: Usually when an agreement is concluded, the personal seal can't be seen because the hand that holds the seal is hidden under the sleeves.
Japanese: 通常、印契を結ぶ時、手は衣の下に隠れているため、その印相を目視することは出来ない。
English: Shinnyoen Buddhist is said to have been achieved as an orthodox derivative of the traditional Buddhism from the ancient period, and that it became a religious school of one religious sect.
Japanese: 真如苑は、旧来の伝統仏教から正統な派生を遂げ、一宗一派となったものとされる。
English: The founder of Shinnyoen Buddhism, Shinjo ITO, learned one of the teachings of the Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts) from the Tozan school, Saisho Ein Sanma Yaho (Dainichi Nyorai's most secret teachings) (also called Ein Kanjo (the ceremony of becoming the successor to a ritual of the Ein School Daiho (also known as great traditions of Esoteric practices by lay believers)), but he also became Kintai-ryobu denpo-kanjo (Daiho, or great traditions of Esoteric practices) by entering into the priesthood, followed by Ajari (a master in esoteric Buddhism; a high priest).
Japanese: 真如苑開祖の伊藤真乗は、若き日に当山派修験道の法、最勝恵印三昧耶法（恵印灌頂ともいい、在家の大法とされる）を修め、更に真言宗の金胎両部伝法灌頂（出家の大法）を畢（お）えて阿闍梨となった。
English: It is said the completing the learning of Hsing-man of Esoteric practices is so difficult and strict that perhaps just one person in dozens of years will complete the learning.
Japanese: この恵印灌頂を修めるものは数十年に一人出るか否かというほどに行満の道のりは厳しく困難なものであるという。
English: In addition to the regulation that was passed after the separation of the gods and Buddha in the early Meiji period, such as the Law for Secularization of Temples, Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism), the Law Banning Shugendo (mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts), while even the existence of Daigo-ji Temple wasn't safe, the Einko schools (or learning groups of Einko) were organized after some monks and ascetics from the temple got together.
Japanese: 明治初年の神仏分離令以後相次いだ「門跡還俗令、廃仏毀釈、修験道禁止令等」に加え、醍醐寺の存続すらも危ぶまれるに至った時代、恵印黌（えいんこう黌学校）、恵印講習会などが一山の僧侶・行者の結束によって開催された。
English: Given the above, although the inheritance of the light of Buddhism was stopped for a long time since the founder, 聖宝 (根本僧正 of Daigo-ji Temple, Rigen Daishi), 'Esoteric practices' was restored in 1910, but it is said that few people have wanted to learn this teaching since then.
Japanese: これにより、長く絶えていた、開山聖宝（醍醐寺根本僧正・理源大師）開壇以来の伝燈「恵印灌頂」が復活（明治43年秋1910）されたのであったが、それ以降もこの法を修するものは殆ど出なかったとされる。
English: Shinjo ITO whose monk name when he was learning was Tensei, but he seemed to be called "Apparesan" in the gyoba of Kami-Daigo (the upper part of Daigo) after he finished learning the traditional Buddhist teachings of lay believers at the Daigo training place (orthodox dharma lineage of the Tozan school) in 1939; furthermore, he tried to learn 大法受法 of the Honshu department, and he became 伝燈大阿闍梨 金剛院真乗 in 1943 after finishing traditional system of teaching when entering into priesthood of Daigo-ji Temple, 'Sanpoin-ryu.'
Japanese: 伊藤真乗（修行時代の僧名「天晴（てんせい）」＝上醍醐の行場では『あっぱれさん』とよばれていたらしい）は、醍醐修験部（当山派正統法脈）に伝承の在家法流の行を修めた後（昭和14年秋1939）、さらに本宗部の大法受法に臨み、醍醐寺伝承の出家法流「三宝院流」を履修し畢えて、昭和18年春(1943)、「伝燈大阿闍梨　金剛院真乗」となった。
English: During this time, after obtaining approval from the chief priest of the Daigo school, the hall of Tachikawa Fudoson Kyokai (currently the head office of Shinnyoen Buddhist Shincho-ji Temple) was built, and also 密院, which was directly supervised by Honzan, was established (in February 1939, after having the 落慶 Buddhist memorial service, it was named Tokeizan Shincho-ji Temple and go, 堂宇, which currently exist).
Japanese: この間醍醐派管長の認可を得て立川不動尊教会の会堂（現在の真如苑総本部真澄寺）を建立、本山直轄の密院を開創した（昭和14年2月落慶法要のちに鐙檠山真澄寺と号　堂宇：現存）。
English: In 1941, Shinjo ITO took the position of a special chief priest as 醐山管長命, after receiving an order from the chief priest of Ein (shugen) Temple, '福聚山一住坊常宝院,' one of the historic old branch temples of Daigo Sanpoin Temple and the only one left in Murayama Village, Kita-tamagun, Tokyo Prefecture, while many 法類 temples were abolished, returned to secular life, or changed into another religious school during the time of disorder within the movement for the excision of Buddhism.
Japanese: 昭和16年3月末（1941年）には、東京府北多摩郡村山村に唯一残った、醍醐三宝院末の古刹で、廃仏毀釈時代の混乱期に多くの法類寺院が廃絶、廃毀、還俗、転派した中を乗り切った恵印（修験）寺院、「福聚山一住坊常宝院」住持の辞令を受け、醐山管長命による特命住職として晋山。
English: Shinjo focused on restoring the temple, which hadn't had a priest since the mid-Taisho period and was declining in power.
Japanese: 大正中期以降、住侶に恵まれぬまま荒廃に瀕していた同院の復興に専心した。
English: 真乗僧都 established gojikai, ' 常宝會' within his temple, Tachikawa Fudoson Kyokai; he tried to learn about the Honshu department and continuously dealt with 醍醐寺上山 while running the temple as the chief priest of 常宝 by doing things such as repairing the thatched roof or maintaining the mountainside.
Japanese: 真乗僧都は、自坊の立川不動尊教会内に護持会「常宝會」を置き、茅葺屋根の修理、山内の整備など、常宝院主としての寺門運営に携わりながら醍醐寺上山をかさね、本宗部の修学に努めた。
English: Shinjo returned this temple to the honzan as a show of appreciation for letting him learn the inheritance of the light of Buddhism, 密法,受法 which was succeeded from Keika (Changan Seiryu-ji Temple 伝燈阿闍梨)- Kukai (Kobo Daishi (a posthumous title of the priest Kukai) - Shobo (Rigen Daishi) - Kangen (the first zasu (temple's head priest)of Daigo-ji Temple) - 恵眼 (the ninety-sixth zasu (temple's head priest)of Daigo-ji Temple - Shinjo, and left his position as a specially ordained chief priest.
Japanese: 真乗は、復興なった同院堂宇を、恵果（長安青龍寺伝燈阿闍梨）―空海（弘法大師）…―聖宝（理源大師）―観賢（醍醐寺第一世座主）…―恵眼（醍醐寺第九六世座主）―真乗と継承され来たった伝燈密法・受法の答礼として本山に献納し、特命住職の職を辞した。
English: Subsequently, due to the abolishment of the Shukyo Dantaiho (Religious Organization Law) (December 1945), the combined religious group of the Shingon sect (or the Daishingo sect) was dissolved (dated March 1, 1946) and each sect established an individual religious sect.
Japanese: その後、宗教団体法の廃止（昭和20年12月1945）により、それまで統合されていた「合同真言宗」（または大真言宗)は解体され（昭和21年3月1日付）各派独立。
English: At that time, Tachikawa Fudoson Kyokai Shincho-ji Temple, having Shinjo ITO as the shukan (representative), left the religious sect and the Honmatsu group and became independent from the Shingon sect.
Japanese: このとき、伊藤真乗主管の立川不動尊教会・真澄寺は、宗派ならびに本末関係を離脱し、真言宗より独立した。
English: After the Religious Cooperation Law was issued (the law became effective on December 28, 1945), 'Makoto kyodan,' having Shincho-ji Temple as its sohonzan, was established (Shinjo ITO, chief abbot, 1948).
Japanese: その後、宗教法人令（昭和20年12月28日施行1945）による、真澄寺を総本山としての「まこと教団」の設立（伊藤真乗管長昭和23年1948）。
English: Furthermore, after the Religious Cooperation Law was issued (the law became effective on April 3, 1951), the former religious organization was reformed and the system of the new religious group based on lay people in Buddhism was organized, Misshu, or 'Shinnyoen Buddhism,' was established. (approved by the Minister of Education on May 16, 1953).
Japanese: さらに、宗教法人法（昭和26年4月3日施行1951）により、旧宗団組織を改め、在家仏教を基盤とする新たな教団の体制を整え、密宗「真如苑」（昭和28年5月16日付文部大臣認証1953）の発足となった。
English: Incidentally, in 一住坊常宝院, which had once been restored by Shinjo ITO, there was no priest to succeed after the successor to the former chief priest went to war, so that the temple was abolished after the war, 一住坊常宝院, which had been passed down since the medieval period, was absorbed into Shiofune Kannon, the oldest temple in Ome City (1952).
Japanese: なお、かつて伊藤真乗が再興した、一住坊常宝院は、戦時下、先代住職の後継が出征し戦死したため後住なく、戦後まもなく廃寺となり、中世以来継がれた法灯は青梅市最古の古刹、塩船観音に吸収された（昭和27年1952）。
English: Honzon (principal image of Buddha), Fudo Myoo (Acala, one of the Five Wisdom Kings), Buddhist scriptures and other materials are currently enshrined at Shiofune Kannonji Temple of Bekkaku-honzan (special head temple) of the Daigo school of the Shingon sect.
Japanese: 本尊・不動明王、経典、什物類は、現在、真言宗醍醐派別格本山塩船観音寺に安置されている。
English: (The materials being used to collect above information were not from publications of religious groups who didn't have objective materials for researchers, but instead the information came from the chronicle of a local history book, as the history of the city and town, being part of the materials of the library of official documents.)
Japanese: 〔尚、上記加筆に用いた資料として、研究者には客観性に乏しい教団サイドの出版物は一切無視し、郷土史誌、市・町史、公文書館等史料に基く補筆に努めた。〕
English: In terms of the tradition of dharma lineage of the Shingon sect, it is said that the name Shinjo was clearly mentioned in the genealogy of the Shingon sect (it has traditional dharma lineage since Shingon the eighth) (it was confirmed by a person in charge of the Ministry of Education (currently the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) when applying for approval of a religious corporation, Shinnyoen Buddhism).
Japanese: 真言の法脈の伝承に関しては、真言宗の系譜（真言八祖から法脈の伝承を明確に記している系図）に真乗と明確に記されている（宗教法人真如苑認証の際に、文部省（現在の文部科学省）の担当官が確認している）という。
English: In 1976, when Sohonzan Daigo-ji Temple was part of the Daigo school, the Shingon sect had its 1100th anniversary after opening the Daigo mountain; Shinjo ITO acted as 大導師 due to the order from Sohonzan Daigo-ji Temple of Daigo school, Shingon sect, and also conducted the Buddhist memorial service of 真如苑慶讃法要 to commemorate the anniversary.
Japanese: 昭和51年、真言宗醍醐派総本山醍醐寺では、醍醐山開創一千百年を迎えたが、伊藤真乗は、真言宗醍醐派総本山醍醐寺の命を承けて大導師を勤め、醍醐山開創一千百年真如苑慶讃法要を執行している。
English: Additionally, 弘法大師御入定一千百五十年御遠忌法要 (memorial service of Kobo Daishi (a posthumous title of the priest Kukai), the 1150th anniversary of his death) was conducted, and Shinjo ITO daisojo, the chief priest of 真如苑, acted as 導師 at Kondo Hall of Daigo-ji Temple (a national treasure) in 1984.
Japanese: また、昭和59年には、醍醐寺金堂（国宝）においても真如苑教主伊藤真乗大僧正の導師により弘法大師御入定一千百五十年御遠忌法要が執行された。
English: Shinjo ITO is famous as a sculptor of Buddhist images; the statues he made had been given to various places and kept as Hibutsu (Buddhist statues not usually shown to the public).
Japanese: 伊藤真乗は仏師としても著名であるが、創作した仏像は、様々な所に贈られており、秘仏として扱われている。
English: There are many places where the statues were given, such as Eihei-ji Temple, Daihonzan (head temple of a Buddhist sect) of the Soto Zen sect, Chuson-ji Temple, Tohoku daihonzan of the Tendai sect, Juntei Kannon-do Hall of Daigo-ji Temple, Paknum Temple in Thailand, Copenhagen University, Uppsala University, University of Oslo, Pope Paul VI in Vatican City, Hebrew University, and Erin-ji Temple, which is an ancestral temple of Shingen TAKEDA, and the golden statues were sent to various places without regard for differences of religion.
Japanese: 贈られた先には様々あるが、一例を挙げると、曹洞宗大本山永平寺、天台宗東北大本山中尊寺、醍醐寺准胝観音堂、タイ国パクナム寺院、コペンハーゲン大学、ウプサラ大学、オスロ大学、バチカンのヨハネ・パウロ6世、ヘブライ大学、武田信玄公菩提寺の恵林寺など、宗派を超えて金色の仏像が送られている。
English: By the way, Shinnyoen officially announced itself as a new religious group since it started in the early Showa period; this is the only religious group in Buddhist society in which there is an established Buddhist group of lay believers based on the theory of the Nirvana Sutra.
Japanese: なお、真如苑では、昭和初期の時代に興った宗教であり、仏教界で唯一、大般涅槃経を所依として在家仏教教団を開設したことなどから、教団では新宗教であることを公式に肯定して憚らない。
English: However, it is true that Shinnyoen succeeded the traditional dharma lineage as mentioned above, the couples of the founder of the religious sect clearly states that it is different than being just a new religion since this religion started naturally based on the religious background when it was succeeded from another family, and it didn't start by having someone in the group abruptly establish a new channel.
Japanese: しかし一方では上記のように伝統の法脈を承け継いでいることもまた事実であり、開祖夫妻はお互いの家系から受け継いだ宗教的背景から自然発生的に興った宗教であり、突然神がかり状態になって興った宗教ではないことなどから、それらの面では単なる新宗教、あるいは新興宗教ではないと、きっぱり否定している。
English: It is true that any new religion will initially be treated with prejudice or will be seen as an enemy by other religions, and there is a history of persecution, regardless of whether it's Christianity, Islam or Buddhism, and every religion seems to have rumor or some true or false information attached to it.
Japanese: また、キリスト教やイスラム教、そして仏教問わず、いかなる宗教でも、始まった当初は周囲の偏見や既存の他宗教などから異端視され、多少なりとも迫害された歴史が物語ることや、そこに事実・無実問わず噂話や情報が混入されていく傾向はどの宗教にもあることである。
English: Thus, when investigating the religion after considering the above, Shinnyoen must be further investigated carefully, as to whether it's appropriate to contemptuously call it a new religion.
Japanese: したがって、これらの実績を踏まえて考察するとき、真如苑を、侮蔑的な意味での新興宗教と称することが適切であるか否かは、今、一歩、慎重に検証、考察することが必要とされる。
English: Sixty years after the war, through successive generations and seeing religion not from the perspective of categorization into a simultaneously existing Bukkyo and new religion, although the search for direction continues, it is presumed that the religious group of Shinnyoen seems to direct a certain direction or possibility, where 'bulky' should describe the new generation.
Japanese: 戦後60年、二世代を経た今、旧仏教、新宗教の二元的括り（くくり）からの視点ではなく、なおも様々な模索をかさねながらも、新時代に即応する「仏教」の一方向、可能性を、この宗団は指し示しているように惟われる。
English: Tahoto (literally, "multiple-treasure pagoda") represent an architecture of pagodas, which are religious buildings in Asia.
Japanese: 多宝塔（たほうとう）は、寺院建築のうち仏塔における形式のひとつである。
English: Today's temple architects and cultural property experts define tahoto as a single-level tower with a Mokoshi (pent roof).
Japanese: 現代の寺院建築用語・文化財用語としては、一般に裳階付き単層塔である。
English: Additionally, the term 'hoto' is used by professionals in reference to cylinder-shaped pagodas topped by squared roofs.
Japanese: なお、宝塔という呼称もあるが、現代の寺院建築用語・文化財用語では円筒形の塔身に方形の屋根を架けたものを「宝塔」と称している。
English: Then, Taho Nyorai (Prabhuta-ratnam), who was inside, turned over his position to Shakyamuni by giving him half of his seat; this is how the tahoto came into existence.
Japanese: その中にいた多宝如来が半座を開け、釈迦に座を譲ったとされることに由来する。
English: Kenhotohon states that 'while Seson (Shaka) was preaching, a huge Shippoto (pagoda made of seven treasures, including gold, silver and lapis lazuli) gushed out of the ground and rose high into the air.'
Japanese: 見宝塔品には、「世尊（釈迦）が説法をしていると、大地から巨大な七宝塔（金、銀、瑠璃などの七宝で造られた塔）が涌出（ゆじゅつ）し、空中にそびえた」との説話がある。
English: Taho Nyorai, who was residing in the pagoda, was so impressed with Shaka's teachings that he gave half of his seat to him and sat together with him.
Japanese: 塔内にいた多宝如来は釈迦の説く法華経の教えを讃嘆し、半座を開け、釈迦とともに並んで座ったと説かれる。
English: This episode makes one of the most dramatic scenes in Hokkekyo and is well known as proof and validation.
Japanese: この見宝塔品のエピソードは法華経の中でもドラマチックな場面の1つであり、法華経の真実性を証明するものとして著名である。
English: Kenhotohon, Chapter 11 of Hokkekyo, doesn't specifically indicate what shape the tahoto had.
Japanese: 「法華経」見宝塔品第十一自体には、多宝塔（宝塔）の形式は記載されていない。
English: The tahoto now seen in Japan are considered to have developed in a manner unique to the country.
Japanese: 現在日本で見られるような多宝塔（宝塔）の形式については、日本独自のものといわれている。
English: Scholars believe that in China, as well as in ancient Japan, people built three-story or five-story pagodas and enshrined Taho Nyorai and Shaka Nyorai in them.
Japanese: 中国や古代日本で多宝如来・釈迦如来を安置する塔には五重や三重の塔があったと考えられている。
English: Using the current terms of temple architecture, a tahoto can be defined as a two-story tower with the first floor in a square shape and the second floor in a circular shape.
Japanese: 現代の寺院建築用語では初重平面が方形、二重平面が円形の二層塔を多宝塔と称する。
English: More specifically, a tahoto had to have three pillars between the vertices of the square, which means that each side had four pillars with four spaces between them.
Japanese: さらに狭義には初重が方三間（1辺に柱が4本立ち柱間が4間あるの意）のものを多宝塔と称する。
English: The temples of the Tendai sect have built pagodas with the floors on both the first and second levels in the shape of a square, and they simply call them 'two-story pagodas.'
Japanese: 天台系には初重・二重とも平面方形の二重塔があるがこれは単に「二重塔」と呼称している。
English: Historically, the term 'hoto' has been used in reference to pagodas eulogistically, but it doesn't specify a certain architectural style.
Japanese: 「宝塔」は歴史的用語としては「塔」の美称であり、特定の建築形式を指すものではない。
English: However, today's temple architects define a 'hoto' as a pagoda with a cylinder-shaped body topped by a roof in the shape of a four-sided pyramid.
Japanese: 現代の寺院建築用語では、円筒形の塔身に宝形造（四角錐形）の屋根を載せた形の塔を「宝塔」と呼ぶ。
English: They were usually made of copper or stone; few were made of wood.
Japanese: 銅製や石造のものをしばしば見るが、木造の塔でこの形式のものは少ない。
English: Hoto with cylinder-shaped bodies and extended roofs are considered to be the archetypes of tahoto.
Japanese: このような平面円形の「宝塔」形式の塔に庇を設けたものが多宝塔の原型とされている。
English: Between the first and second levels, the tahoto shows a cylinder-shaped body covered in white plaster; this part is called 'Kamebara' (literally, "tortoise body") and is indicative of the cylinder-shaped body it used to have.
Japanese: 多宝塔では初重と二重の間に「亀腹」と称する漆喰塗りの円形部分があり、円筒形の塔身の名残りを見せている。
English: Although the body of the pagoda appears to be in the shape of a cylinder, a tahoto is basically a cube topped by a cylinder-shaped structure.
Japanese: ただし、円筒形に見えるのは外観のみで、構造的には四角い初重の上に平面円形の上層部を乗せたものである。
English: They have adopted a style called 'Itto ryozon' (literally, "a pagoda and two Buddha") where a pagoda is placed between Shakamuni-butsu and Taho Nyorai.
Japanese: 塔の両脇に釈迦牟尼仏と多宝如来を安置した、「一塔両尊」の形式の本尊である。
English: This style may sometimes take a form called 'Itto ryozon shishi,' where four Bosatsu (bodhisattva) worshipped by the sects are added to the above 'Itto ryozon.'
Japanese: 四菩薩日蓮宗・法華宗における四菩薩を従えた「一塔両尊四士」の形式をとることも有る。
English: The origin of this style is found in Birushana hokkai taisho, a pagoda that Kukai (one of Japan's best known, most beloved Buddhist saints, and founder of the Shingon ("True Word") school of Buddhism) planned to build at Mt. Koya.
Japanese: 空海が高野山に建立を計画していた毘盧遮那法界体性塔（びるしゃなほっかいたいしょうとう）にその原型が求められる。
English: The pagoda now found in Mt. Koya is the one rebuilt with reinforced concrete in 1938.
Japanese: 現在高野山にある塔は昭和12年（1938年）に再建された鉄筋コンクリート造のものである。
English: Evidence shows that the pagoda initially built was close to what we see today.
Japanese: この塔の創建時の形態は、現在の多宝塔に近いものであったと考証されている。
English: Saicho, who is considered to have been one of the most active Buddhist priests in the early Heian period along with Kukai, also planned to build six pagodas in various parts of Japan in order to house 1000 copies of the Lotus Sutra.
Japanese: 空海とともに平安時代初期の仏教界で活動した最澄は法華経千部を安置する塔を日本各地の6か所に建立することを計画した。
English: However, unlike today's tahoto, they were two-story pagodas that had squared floors on both the first and second levels.
Japanese: これは現在で言う多宝塔とは異なり、初重・二重ともに平面方形の二重塔であった。
English: Hokke Soji-in Toto, a pagoda built at Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hie in 1980 to control the six pagodas built by Saicho, still maintains its original style with squared floors on both the first and second levels.
Japanese: 現在、比叡山延暦寺にある法華総持院東塔は1980年に建立されたものだが、初重・二重とも方形の形式を保っている。
English: There were very few two-story pagodas of this style before pre-modern times; the one at Kirihata-ji Temple in Tokushima Prefecture may be a rare example.
Japanese: この形式の二重塔で近世以前にさかのぼるものはきわめて少なく、徳島県の切幡寺塔婆はその貴重な遺例である。
English: This tower was initially built in 1618 within the precinct of Jingu-ji Temple, which was associated with Sumiyoshi-taisha Shrine in Osaka, but early in the Meiji period it was moved to where it now stands.
Japanese: この切幡寺塔は、もとは大阪の住吉大社の神宮寺にあり、元和4年（1618年）に建てられたものだが、明治時代初期に現在地に移建されている。
English: Doko (1430 - 1527) was a Buddhist monk who was the monzeki (chief priest who is a member of the Imperial Family) of Shogo-in Temple during the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 道興（どうこう、永享2年（1430年）-大永7年1527年）は、室町時代の僧侶で聖護院門跡。
English: "Kaikoku Zakki," a record of his travels in eastern provinces written in 1486 and 1487, is well known.
Japanese: 1486年（文明(日本)18年）・1487年（文明19年）に書いた東(曖昧さ回避)の紀行『廻国雑記』が有名。
English: Osen Keisan (1429 - December 25, 1493) was a Zen monk (Rinzai sect) in the middle to late Muromachi period.
Japanese: 横川景三（おうせんけいさん、永享元年（1429年）-明応2年11月17日(旧暦)（1493年12月25日））は、室町時代中期から後期にかけての禅僧（臨済宗）。
English: On the occasion of a memorial service for the thirty-third anniversary of the death of Eiso's master, Donchu Doho, which was held in March 1441, he became a monk (teihatsu-seni (literally, taking the tonsure and dyeing vestments)) at the age of 13, at Higashiyama Yogen-in Temple, by worshipping Doho's Chinzo (a portrait of a Zen monk) and forming the relationship of master and disciple.
Japanese: 嘉吉元年（1441年）3月、英叟の師・曇仲道芳の三十三回忌にあたり、13歳にして東山養源院において頂相を拝して師資の礼を結び、薙染（剃髪染衣）した。
English: He was given the hoi of 'Keisan' ('san' means 'three' in Japanese), since he became a monk when he was 13 years old, in March (san-gatsu in Japanese) and on the occasion of the thirty-third anniversary.
Japanese: 13歳、3月、三十三回忌など「三」という数にまつわる因縁が深いため「景三」の法諱を与えられた。
English: When the Onin War erupted, he evacuated to Omi Province along with his friend Togen Zuisen and resided at Shikiroan of Eigen-ji Temple (Higashi-Omi City) while being embraced by Sanezumi OGURA, a local ruling family.
Japanese: 応仁の乱の勃発に際し、友人桃源瑞仙とともに戦火を避けて近江国に移り、同国の豪族小倉実澄の帰依を受け、永源寺(東近江市)内に識廬庵を結んで居住した。
English: In February 1478, he became the chief priest of Toji-in Temple, and in March of the same year he succeeded to the teachings of Donchu.
Japanese: 文明10年（1478年）2月等持院の住持となり、同3月曇仲の法を嗣いだ。