nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: The following Tokugawa gosanke are the male descendants through the line of males of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and were given even extra special treatment within shinpan.
Japanese: 以下の徳川御三家は、徳川家康の男系男子・子孫であり、親藩の中でもさらに別格の扱いだった。
English: These three clans had to provide a shogun if the Shogun family (the head of the Tokugawa family) lacked a male through a line of males (an heir to Shogun).
Japanese: これらの三家はもし将軍家（徳川宗家）に男系男子（将軍継嗣）が無ければ、将軍を出すように決められていた。
English: And they were allowed to call themselves Tokugawa (other "ichimon", family-related clans of the Tokugawa family, called themselves Matsudaira), and also use "Mitsuba-aoi no kamon" (family crest of three leaves of Hollyhock).
Japanese: また、徳川姓を名乗ること（他の一門は松平姓）や、三つ葉葵の家紋の使用などが許されていた。
English: But at first, the Shogun family, the Owari family, and the Kishu family were referred to as gosanke (the Mito family was not included).
Japanese: ただし、当初は将軍家・尾張家・紀州家をもって御三家（水戸は入っておらず）と称した。
English: Yoshimune TOKUGAWA, the eighth shogun became shogun through the lord of the Kishu clan, and so did Iemochi TOKUGAWA, the fourteenth Shogun, through the lord of the Kishu clan, as also did Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, the fifteenth Shogun, from the Mito-Tokugawa family through the head of the Hitotsubashi family.
Japanese: 八代将軍徳川吉宗は紀州藩主から、十四代将軍徳川家茂は紀州藩主から、十五代将軍徳川慶喜は水戸徳川家から一橋家当主を経て将軍となっている。
English: There were also families (ichimon) next to gosanke and gosankyo, such as the Echizen Matsudaira family, the forefather Hideyasu YUKI, the second son of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA (Hidetada's older brothor), and the Aizu-Matsudaira family, the forefather Masayuki HOSHINA, the son of Hidetada TOKUGAWA (Iemitsu TOKUGAWA's younger paternal half-brother).
Japanese: 御三家・御三卿に次ぐ一門としては徳川家康の二男・（徳川秀忠の兄）結城秀康を祖とする越前松平家、徳川秀忠の子（徳川家光の異母弟）保科正之を祖とする会津松平家などがあった。
English: Those ichimon daimyo (family-related feudal lords) were favored in the Kakaku (family status) and official ranks, but never allowed to participate in the shogunate government, as they were only the shogun's relatives, but not fudai daimyo (feudal lords in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family).
Japanese: これら一門大名は家格・官位などでは優遇されたが（将軍の親戚と言うだけであって譜代大名ではないので）幕政に参加する事は許されなかった。
English: Therefore, Masayuki HOSHINA held no post in the shogunate government although he took part in the government as an assistant to Ietsuna TOKUGAWA.
Japanese: そのため、徳川家綱の補佐役として幕政に参与した保科正之は、幕府の役職にはついていない。
English: In the Ansei Reform during the end of the Edo Period, Nariaki TOKUGAWA (the Mito-Tokugawa family) became a coastal defense officer and was allowed to participate in the shogunate government.
Japanese: 幕末に至って安政の改革で徳川斉昭（水戸徳川家）が海防参与となり、幕政参加を許された。
English: This was a reflection of the government's special circumstances, a 'critical moment,' such as the cession of Hong Kong by Qing after the defeat of the First Opium War, and the opening of the country to the world (refer to Ansei Reform).
Japanese: これは、アヘン戦争敗北を受けた清の香港割譲・開国など幕府の「危急存亡の秋」という特殊事情が反映されたものである（→安政の改革参照）。
English: And during the Bunkyu Reform, Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA (the Echizen Matsudaira family) and Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa family) participated in the shogunate government by an Imperial order released under the leadership of Hisamitsu SHIMAZU and the court nobles in the Imperial Court who supported the idea of uniting the court and the shogunate, as did Katamori MATSUDAIRA (the Aizu-Matsudaira family) by an order from Shogun (taimei).
Japanese: また文久の改革では島津久光および朝廷の公武合体派公卿らの主導で出された勅命を受け松平慶永（越前松平家）、徳川慶喜（一橋徳川家）が、将軍の命令（台命・たいめい）を受け松平容保（会津松平家）が幕政に参加している。
English: Since the Kamakura period, bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) that served choka (the imperial family or household) with military power was refered to as buke (samural family), nobles who served choka in governmental affairs came to be called kuge.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代以降、武力で朝家に奉仕する幕府を武家と称するようになると、それに対比して、政務一般をもって朝家に奉仕する貴族一般を公家と呼ぶようになった。
English: In the aristocratic society family lineage which allowed one to ascend to Kugyo (the top court officials) began to be limited since the late Heian period, and as kakaku (family status) was fixed when Sekke (line of regents and advisers) was established by the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, a hierarchical kuge society was formed by the early Kamakura period.
Japanese: 平安時代末期ごろから貴族社会において公卿に昇る家柄が限定されるようになり、藤原北家による摂家の確立に伴って家格が固定化し、鎌倉時代前期ごろまでに公家社会が形成された。
English: At that time 'a family system' assuming inheritance of family property was being established in each class of Japanese society, therefore, the formation of the kuge society can be understood as establishment of 'a family' within the noble hierarchy.
Japanese: この当時、日本の社会各層で家産の相続を前提とする「家」（イエ）制度の成立が進行しており、公家社会の形成も、貴族層における「家」の成立として理解することができる。
English: Among the kuge, the upper nobles were building up their financial basis by ruling a shoen estate as honke (a head family), gaining the commendation of shoen, and middle-class nobles were doing so by gaining the right to manage shoen, as they were appointed to azukaridokoro (a deputy of "shoen" manor lord) by upper nobles or main temples and shrines, and so on
Japanese: 公家のうち、上流貴族は荘園寄進を受けて本家として荘園支配を行うことにより、また中流貴族は上流貴族や大寺社から預所などに任命されて荘園管理権を得ることにより、経済的基盤を築いていた。
English: Throughout the Kamakura period, not only the military government (Kamakura bakufu) which mainly took charge of military and police authorities and the dominion of Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly the Kanto region), but also the kuge government (chotei) which dealt with governmental affairs and ruling of Seigoku (the western part of Japan) co-existed, and the both attended the government in cooporation.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代を通じ、主に軍事警察権と東国支配を担当する武家政権（鎌倉幕府）に相対して、政務一般と西国支配を所掌する公家政権（朝廷）が存在しており、両政権がおおむね協調連携しながら政務にあたっていた。
English: In local areas, however, some cases where the rights of the kuge side to financial control were encroached by local samurai (jito) (manager and lord of manor) began to appear.
Japanese: ただし、在地レベルでは公家側の経済的支配権が、現地の武士（地頭）らに侵食されるケースが現れ始めていた。
English: The authority of the kuge government came to be greatly encroached by the bakufu and shugo (provincial constable), and gradually became little more than a mere name.
Japanese: 公家政権の権限は、幕府および守護によって大きく侵されてされていき、次第に有名無実化していった。
English: During the Edo period, the kuge society gained protection from the bakufu, while the "Kinchu narabini kuge shohatto" (a set of legal regulations that applied to emperors and Kyoto nobles) that regulated emperors and kuge was established and defined the relationship between kuge and samurai of the Edo period.
Japanese: 江戸時代に入ると、公家社会は幕府から保護を受けることとなったが、反面、天皇と公家を規制する禁中並公家諸法度が定められ、これにより江戸時代の公武関係が規定された。
English: Although the kuge society was retained until the end of the Edo period, it was abolished in the course of the Meiji Restoration and most of the kuge shifted to the social status of peerage.
Japanese: 公家社会は幕末まで温存されたが、明治維新期に解体され、公家のほとんどは華族身分へ移行した。
English: At the end of the Edo period, with the background of a revival of chotei's authority, it produced many important figures, such as Tomomi IWAKURA and Sanemi SANJO who left great achievements during the Meiji Restoration.
Japanese: 幕末には朝廷権力の復活を背景に岩倉具視や三条実美など明治維新に功績を残した者を多数輩出した。
English: Kuge can be classified into two ranks in a broader sense - "Toshoke" (the hereditary lineage of court nobles occupying relatively high ranks) which refers to a family allowed to be tenjobito (a high-ranking courtier allowed into the Imperial Palace) and Jigeke (family status of non-noble retainers who are not allowed into the Emperor's living quarters in the Imperial Palace) which refers to a family otherwise, but generally speaking, kuge refers to Toshoke.
Japanese: 公家は、広い意味では殿上人が許された家である堂上家と許されていない地下家の2つに分けられるが、一般的に公家と言えば堂上家を指す。
English: Such tradition to call Toshoke and tenjobito which were allowed access to the Imperial Court 'kuge' continued to the Edo period.
Japanese: 昇殿が許された堂上家および殿上人を公家と呼ぶ慣わしは、江戸時代まで継続している。
English: Besides, a family dated back generations ago was called kyuka (old family), and those which moved out and set up a new branch family after the Azuchi-Momoyama period were called shinke (newly founded family).
Japanese: また、古くからある家は旧家、安土桃山時代以降に分家し新たに創設された家は、新家と呼ばれた。
English: Between the late Heian period and the Kamakura period, kakaku of the kuge was fixed and the government posts one could attain were restricted depending on one's lineage and pedigree.
Japanese: 平安末期から鎌倉時代にかけて公家の家格が固定化され、家柄によって昇進できる官職が限定された。
English: In the course of transition to peerage, status as peerage of kuge families was decided according to their kakaku and the record of appointments in generations while they served their governments.
Japanese: 華族への移行に当たっては、公家出身の家は公家時代の家格と代々の任官状況で華族としての地位を取り決められた。
English: In principle, heads of Sekke and Seiga family became Dukes or Marquises, families whose ranks were below them became earls if they had produced many Dainagon (chief of the councilor of State), and otherwise they became viscounts.
Japanese: おもに摂家や清華家の当主を公爵家・侯爵家とし、それ以下の家においては大納言を多く輩出した家を伯爵家、そうでない家を子爵家としている。
English: Starting with Tokimasa HOJO, the first regent of the bakufu, and Yoshitoki HOJO (who succeeded Tokimasa), the Tokuso line covered nine generations; their legitimate descendents included Yasutoki, Tokiuji, Tsunetoki, Tokiyori, Tokimune, Sadatoki, and Takatoki.
Japanese: 幕府の初代執権の北条時政を初代に数え、2代北条義時からその嫡系である北条泰時、北条時氏、北条経時、北条時頼、北条時宗、北条貞時、北条高時の9代に渡る。
English: Tokuso was named after the posthumous Buddhist name of Yoshitoki HOJO, who was second in the Tokuso line, by Yasutoki HOJO.
Japanese: 「得宗」とは、2代目である北条義時の法名に由来して北条泰時が名づけたとされる。
English: Few historical records refer to the family heads of the legitimate line of the Hojo clan as Tokuso; thus, this is also regarded as having been an administrative term.
Japanese: 史料においては北条氏嫡流の当主を「得宗」と指した例は少なく、行政用語であったとも考えられている。
English: In the Kamakura period, the Tokuso family had their own miuchibito (vassals who served as low-level bureaucrats), Kumonjo (office of administration), and territory, and were the most senior family in the Hojo clan, which held the position of shugoshiki (provincial constable) in various provinces and the majority of the most important posts in the bakufu, such as that of head of the Rokuhara Tandai (an administrative and judicial agency in Rokuhara, Kyoto).
Japanese: 鎌倉時代には、得宗家は専属の被官である御内人、家政機関（公文所）と所領を持ち、諸国の守護職や、六波羅探題をはじめ幕府の要職の過半を占める北条一門の最上位に位置づけられた。
English: In the late Kamakura period, the Tokuso family came to overwhelm other gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods), including the Hojo clan.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代後半になると、得宗家は北条一門を含む他の有力御家人を圧倒するようになった。
English: After Tokiyori, the head of the family would sometimes retain the real power after assuming the post of regent, handing over the position of head of the family to another member of the family and entering the priesthood.
Japanese: 時頼以後には執権職に就いた後にそれを一族のものに譲り出家し、実権を握り続けるケースが見られる。
English: It has been pointed out that the relationship between the regent and the head of the Tokuso was similar to that between the emperor and the retired emperor in the Imperial Court during the same period.
Japanese: この様な執権職と得宗の関係は、同時代の朝廷における天皇と治天の君との関係に類似しているとも指摘されている。
English: A body made up of the Hojo clan and their miuchibito that held private meetings at the Tokuso residence effectively replaced the bakufu's official advisory body, the Hyojoshu (Council of State), as the highest organ of the shogunate administration and established the autocracy system.
Japanese: 得宗邸で行われる北条一門や御内人の私的会合である寄合が評定衆による幕府の公式の合議体（評定）に代わって実質上の幕政最高機関となり、専制体制を築く。
English: Once a small regional clan from Izu Province, a provincial fiefdom of Yorimasa MINAMOTO of the Settsu-Genji (a branch of the Minamoto clan) in the late Heian period, the Hojo clan followed the army raised by Yoritomo MINAMOTO of the Kawachi-Genji (another branch of the Minamoto clan), who had been exiled to Izu, and formed a bakufu with Yoritomo as the seii taishogun (literally, the great general who subdues the barbarians).
Japanese: 平安時代末期に摂津源氏の源頼政の知行国だった伊豆国の小豪族に過ぎなかった北条氏は、伊豆へ流罪となっていた河内源氏の源頼朝の挙兵に従い、頼朝を征夷大将軍とする幕府を成立させる。
English: After Yoritomo's death, Masako HOJO, Yoritomo's wife, and Yoshitoki HOJO led the shogunate administration, and excluded powerful gokenin including the Wada clan, and then suppressed the Imperial Court and anti-Hojo force by keeping a rein on gokenin at the Jokyu War.
Japanese: 頼朝の死後は頼朝室の北条政子や北条義時が幕政を主導し、和田氏などの有力御家人を排斥し、また承久の乱においても御家人を統率して朝廷や反北条勢力を抑えた。
English: After the Minamoto family came to an end with the death of the third shogun, Sanetomo MINAMOTO, the Kamakura shogunate was presided over by a sekke shogun (shogun from a regent family) sent from the Imperial Court, which made the position of shogun a merely ceremonial post.
Japanese: 3代将軍源実朝の死による源家の断絶後、鎌倉幕府は朝廷から迎える摂家将軍を推戴し、将軍の地位を形式的なものにした。
English: At the same time, a collective leadership system for making policy decisions was established that was made up of the regent (who was effectively the leader), rensho (who acted as assistants to the regent), and the Hyojoshu (which acted as a consultative body).
Japanese: 一方、政務決裁には事実上のトップである執権、その補佐である連署、合議機関である評定衆を置く集団指導体制を成立させる。
English: Yasutoki HOJO set up an office of administration for the soryo (government) family and laid down provisions for governing so that he could take up the reins of the Hojo clan, which had continued to set up branch families.
Japanese: 北条泰時は分家を重ねた北条一門を統率する為、惣領家の家政機関を置き、家政運営のための条文を定めた。
English: In 1246, when Tsunetoki died without a heir, the decision was taken at a meeting to choose his successor that Tokiyori would assume the reins of the Tokuso family and the regent post.
Japanese: 1246年、経時が嗣子無くして没した際、時頼の得宗家家督、執権職就任は就任寄合で決定している。
English: Tokiyori expelled former shogun Yoritsune FUJIWARA from Kamakura and excluded the powerful gokenin on Yoritsune's side, thus establishing the absolute authority of the position of regent (these events are known as the Miya-sodo, which literally means "palace disturbance").
Japanese: 時頼は前将軍藤原頼経を鎌倉から追放、与同する有力御家人を排除し、執権として確固とした権威を築く（宮騒動）。
English: At the Battle of Hoji, he destroyed the Miura clan (who were a powerful gokenin) and removed Yoritsugu FUJIWARA (the fifth shogun), who had gained support from the anti-Tokuso forces, from his position as sekke shogun; in 1252, he invited Imperial Prince Munetaka to become the sixth shogun (Munetaka held the title of miyashogun, which literally means "shogun from the Imperial Court," or kozoku shogun, which literally means "shogun from the Imperial family").
Japanese: また宝治合戦で有力御家人の三浦氏を滅ぼし、摂家将軍で反得宗勢力の支持を集めていた5代将軍藤原頼嗣を廃立し、1252年、新たに宗尊親王を6代将軍に迎えた（宮将軍または皇族将軍）。
English: He himself retired from the post of regent because of illness, but as his heir (Tokimune HOJO) was still a child, he handed over the position to Nagatoki HOJO, who was a member of the Gokurakuji line of the Hojo clan.
Japanese: 自らは病の為執権職を退くが、嫡子北条時宗が幼少だった為、北条氏(極楽寺流)の北条長時に執権を譲る。
English: However, Tokiyori kept the real power, while Nagatoki served as a puppet who held the position until Tokimune came of age.
Japanese: だが、実権は変わらず時頼に在り、長時は時宗へ繋ぐ為の傀儡に過ぎなかった。
English: After Tokiyori's death, Tokimune HOJO dealt with two Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, with the assistance of Yasumori ADACHI (a relative of his mother's side) and the miuchibito.
Japanese: 時頼死後、北条時宗は外戚の安達泰盛や御内人らに補佐され、二度に渡る元寇に対処する。
English: As they had struggled against the group tactics of the Yuan army during the Bunei War (the first attempted invasion by the Mongols), the Japanese army issued orders in Tokimune's name during the Koan War (the second attempted invasion by the Mongols), and a Tokuso vassal was sent to the battlefield to command the gokenin.
Japanese: 一度目の元寇である文永の役の際、日本軍は元(王朝)軍の集団戦法に苦戦した経験から、二度目の元寇である弘安の役では、作戦指令が時宗の名で出され、得宗被官が戦場に派遣されて御家人の指揮にあたった。
English: This resulted in the increased influence of Tokuso and the miuchibito, their vassals.
Japanese: この事は、得宗とその家臣である御内人の発言力が強まるという結果を齎した。
English: After Tokimune's death, Yasumori, who had the support of the gokenin, led the shogunate administration and initiated the Koan-tokusei (political reforms instituted in the Koan era); however, a dispute with Yoritsuna TAIRA (a head of the Tokuso family who was a representative of the miuchibito) led to him being overthrown in the Shimotsuki incident.
Japanese: 時宗の死後、御家人層の支持を持つ泰盛が幕政を主導して弘安徳政を開始するが、御内人の代表である内管領の平頼綱と対立し、霜月騒動で滅ぼされる。
English: Although the Tokuso autocracy system of the Hojo clan had been strengthened, after the Mongol invasion attempts against Japan, there was an increase of in the number of gokenin who became bankrupt having received no reward in return for their service in repelling the Mongol invasion attempts; consequently, the position of regent became symbolic and gangsters increased their activities in various provinces.
Japanese: 北条氏の得宗専制体制は強化されるが、元寇以後には、元寇の戦功に応じた恩賞を受けられず没落する御家人が増加し、執権の地位は有名無実化し、諸国では悪党の活動が活発化する。
English: Furthermore, the Tokuso autocracy system collapsed during the days of Takatoki HOJO due to the foolishness of Takatoki himself, the dissatisfaction and gangster activities of the gokenin, and the fact that the shogunate administration was controlled by Takatsuna NAGASAKI (Enki) and his son Takasuke NAGASAKI, who were Uchi-Kanrei and related to Yoritsuna.
Japanese: 更に、北条高時の時代になると、御家人の不満や悪党の活動に加えて高時本人が暗愚であった事もあり、幕政は内管領で頼綱の一族である長崎高綱（円喜）・長崎高資父子に牛耳られ、得宗専制体制は崩壊に向かう。
English: In 1333, gokenin including Takauji ASHIKAGA and Yoshisada NITTA overthrew the shogunate, after which Takatoki killed himself and the Tokuso family went to ruin.
Japanese: 1333年に御家人の足利尊氏（高氏）や新田義貞らによって幕府が倒され、高時は自害し、得宗家も滅亡した。
English: Later, Takatoki's second son, Tokiyuki HOJO, was caught and executed during the wars that took place in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), resulting in the extinction of the family line.
Japanese: その後、次男の北条時行が南北朝時代_(日本)の戦乱の中で捕らえられて処刑されたために、家系は途絶えた。
English: It was the head family of Kai Genji, belonging to Kawachi Genji, one of Seiwa Genji lines, and was founded by MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu.
Japanese: 家系は清和源氏の一流・河内源氏の一門、源義光を始祖とする甲斐源氏の宗家である。
English: The heads of the clan in later years regarded MINAMOTO no Yoshimitsu, the third son of the head of Kawachi Genji Minamoto no Yoriyoshi, as the founder of the Takeda clan.
Japanese: 武田氏の祖は、後世の当主からは河内源氏の棟梁・源頼義の三男源義光と位置づけられている。
English: Minamoto no Yorinobu, who called himself Kawachi Genji, was appointed the governor of Kai Province in 1209, and thereafter Yoriyoshi and Yoshimitsu took over the post successively.
Japanese: 河内源氏を称した源頼信は長元2年（1029年）に甲斐守に任官し、頼義、義光と継承される。
English: Yoshimitsu is believed to be the first person who lived in Kai province, and it has been passed down orally that Wakamiko Castle located in Wakamiko, Sutama-cho, Hokuto City, Yamanashi Prefecture was Yoshimitsu's residence.
Japanese: 義光は初めて甲斐へ着任し土着した人物とも言われ、山梨県北杜市須玉町若神子の若神子城は義光の在所であったとする伝承がある。
English: In an excavation conducted in 1981, no firm evidence proving that it was Yoshimitsu's residence was discovered, although some relics were unearthed.
Japanese: 1981年（昭和56年）の発掘調査では出土遺物が確認されるものの義光の在所とする確定的な証拠は発見されなかった。
English: Further, this oral tradition is being questioned in the light of the fact that the kokuga (provincial government office) of Kai Province was located in Yatsushiro-gun (Kai Province) at the time.
Japanese: また古代甲斐における国衙が八代郡(甲斐国)であることからも義光の入国は疑問視されている。
English: Ryoichi SHIDA asserted in his book "The History of Katsuta City" published in 1968 that the founder of the clan was Minamoto no Yoshikiyo (Takeda kaja), a son of Yoshimitsu, who used the Takeda clan as a family name in Takeda-gori, Naka-gun, Hitachi Province (Takeda, Hitachinaka City, formerly Katsuta City, Ibaragi Prefecture).
Japanese: 昭和43年に志田諒一が『勝田市史』において発祥を義光の子である源義清(武田冠者)（武田冠者）が常陸国那珂郡武田郷（現・茨城県ひたちなか市武田、旧勝田市）において武田姓を名乗ったとする説を提唱した。
English: It is said that Yoshikiyo and his eldest son Kiyomitsu were banished from Hitachi to Kai Province in 1130 due to Kiyimitsu's violence.
Japanese: 大治5年（1130年）に義清の嫡男清光の乱暴が原因で父子は常陸を追放され、甲斐国へ配流されたという。
English: It is believed that the place where they settled was Ichikawa-sho, Koma-gun (Ichikawamisato-cho, formerly Ichikawadaimon-cho, Yamanashi Prefecture), but it could be the current Saijo, Showa-cho.
Japanese: 配流先は巨摩郡市河荘（山梨県市川三郷町、旧市川大門町）のであるとされているが、現在の昭和町西条とも考えられている。
English: Yoshikiyo and his son occupied Hemi-sho located at the foot of Mt. Yatsugatake, and their descendants settled at various places in the Kofu basin and became branch families.
Japanese: 義清父子は八ヶ岳山麓の逸見荘へ進出し、子孫は甲府盆地の各地へ土着して諸氏が分出した。
English: Kiyomitsu called himself Hemi, not Takeda, but Nobuyoshi TAKEDA, a grandson of Yoshikiyo, called himself Takeda when he celebrated his coming of age at Takeda Hachiman-gu Shrine.
Japanese: 清光は逸見（へみ）姓を名乗り武田を称した形跡は無いが、義清の孫にあたる武田信義は元服の際に武田八幡宮において武田を称したという。
English: His son Nobumitsu TAKEDA was appointed to shugo of Kai Province/Aki Province and laid the foundation for the Takeda clan to prosper in Kai and Aki.
Japanese: その子の武田信光は甲斐・安芸守護にも任ぜられ、武田氏が甲斐、安芸で繁栄する基礎を築いた。
English: In the era of Katsuyori, however, the head family was extinguished due to the disturbance inside the territory, and only the illegitimate branch families were in existence during the Edo period.
Japanese: しかし、勝頼期には領国の動揺を招いて宗家は滅亡し、江戸時代にはわずかに庶家が残った。
English: Its family treasures are Mihata (the Japanese (rising sun) flag that was granted by Emperor Goreizei) and Tatenashi (Tatenashi-no-yoroi (unrivaled armor) which Minamoto no Yoriyoshi was granted together with Mihata).
Japanese: 家宝は御旗（後冷泉天皇から下賜された日章旗）・楯無（楯無の鎧、源頼義が御旗とともに授けられたという）。
English: Although he adopted an independent position initially, he later achieved distinguished war service during the Battle of the Fuji River in cooperation with Minamoto no Yoritomo and was appointed as shugo of Suruga Province.
Japanese: 当初は独立的立場を取っていたが、富士川の合戦を期に源頼朝に協力して戦功をあげ駿河国守護を任ぜられる。
English: Later, Nobuyoshi was purged by Yoritomo, who feared Nobuyoshi's power, and many of his brothers and sons were sent to their deaths.
Japanese: その後、その勢力を警戒した頼朝から粛清を受け、信義は失脚し、弟や息子達の多くが死に追いやられた。
English: However, only Nobumitsu TAKEDA, the fifth son of Nobuyoshi, was taken under Yoritomo's wing and appointed to shugo of Kai Province.
Japanese: しかし、信義の五男武田信光だけは頼朝から知遇を得て甲斐国守護に任ぜらた。
English: Nobumitsu achieved distinguished war service during the Jokyu War as well, and he became the founder of the Aki Takeda clan after being appointed to shugo of Aki Province.
Japanese: 信光は承久の乱でも戦功を上げ、安芸国守護職に任ぜられ、安芸武田氏の祖となる。
English: During the Genko War, a warthat occurred near the end of the Kamakura period in which Emperor Godaigo raised an army, the clan followed the Hojo clan of Kamakura and attacked Mt. Kasagi.
Japanese: 鎌倉時代後期に後醍醐天皇が挙兵した元弘の乱では鎌倉の北条氏に従い笠置山を攻めた。
English: During the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), Nobutake Takeda, then the shugo of Aki Province, followed Takauji ASHIKAGA, achieved distinguished war service at various battle fields and became the shugo of Kai Province in place of the Takeda clan of Isawa lineage.
Japanese: その後南北朝時代(日本)には安芸守護であった武田信武が足利尊氏に属して各地で戦功をあげ、石和系武田氏に代わり甲斐国守護となった。
English: In 1416 when Kanto Kanrei (a shogunal deputy for the Kanto region) Zenshu UESUGI rebelled against Kamakura Kubo (quasi-shogun of Kanto region) Mochiuji ASHIKAGA (War of Zenshu UESUGI) at Kamakurafu (Kamakura Government), Nobumitsu TAKEDA sided with his son-in-law Zenshu.
Japanese: 1416年に鎌倉府で関東管領の上杉禅秀が鎌倉公方の足利持氏に反旗を翻す（上杉禅秀の乱）と、武田信満は女婿にあたる禅秀に味方した。
English: However, Zenshu was defeated because of the intervention by bakufu of Kyoto, and Nobumitsu was subjugated by Kamakurafu and committed suicide.
Japanese: しかし、京都の幕府の介入で禅秀は滅亡し、信満は鎌倉府から討伐を受け、自害する。
English: Nobumoto TAKEDA, a younger brother of Nobumitsu who had become a monk at Mt. Koya in fear of bakufu's interrogation, was appointed as the successor of the shugo of Kai Province after the internal strife in Kai-Genji with the Hemi clan.
Japanese: 後継の甲斐守護職は、逸見氏との甲斐源氏同士の内紛の末、幕府の追及を恐れて高野山で出家した信満の弟である武田信元が任じられる。
English: When the power of Kamakurafu eroded as the result of the Eikyo Disturbance in the era of sixth shogun Yoshinori ASHIKAGA, Nobumitsu's son Nobushige TAKEDA achieved distinguished war service in the Battle of Yuki and seized the opportunity to restore the clan.
Japanese: 6代将軍足利義教の頃には永享の乱で鎌倉府が衰亡し、信満の子の武田信重の代に結城合戦で功績を挙げ再興のきっかけをつかんだ。
English: After Nobumitsu restored it, the clan was still annoyed with the rebellion of influential local samurai, the arbitrary behavior of shugodai (deputy of shugo) Atobe clan, the strife inside the clan and the invasion by neighboring provinces.
Japanese: 信重の復帰以降も国内の有力国人や守護代である跡部氏の専横や一族の内紛、周辺地域からの侵攻に悩まされた。