nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: "Masukagami" (written in the Northern and Southern Court period of Japan) uses several paragraphs from "Towazugatari."
Japanese: 『増鏡』（南北朝時代_(日本)成立）には『とはずがたり』の文章が数段に渡って用いられている。
English: Also, because there were very few records of Emperor Gofukakusa's romances before "Towazugatari" was found, some scholars used to think that the descriptions of his romances in "Masukagami" were fictional or had been confused with those of his brother Emperor Kameyama, but after the discovery of "Towazugatari," it was confirmed that there was a basis for the descriptions in "Masukagami."
Japanese: また、『とはずがたり』発見以前には後深草天皇の女性関係に関する記録が乏しく、『増鏡』における同天皇の女性関係の記述を創作あるいは弟の亀山天皇のものとの誤認説を唱える学者もいたが、この書の発見以後『増鏡』の記述に根拠がある事が確認された。
English: The structure of the categories was, in order: spring (two volumes), summer, autumn (two volumes), winter, felicitations, travel, love (5 volumes), miscellaneous (5 volumes), Buddhism, and Shinto.
Japanese: 部類の構成は春（上・下）、夏、秋（上・下）、冬、賀、旅、恋（五巻）、雑（五巻）、釈教、神祇の順。
English: It was submitted to the emperor for inspection on May 5, 1312 ("Masukagami" (The Clear Mirror)), and completed in October 1313 after some further editing.
Japanese: 正和元年3月28日(旧暦)（1312年5月5日）に奏覧され（『増鏡』）、切継作業を経て同2年10月に完成。
English: Its compilation was difficult and took nearly 20 years from planning to final selection, involving the political dispute between the Jimyo-in line and the Daikakuji line, and the conflict between the poetic houses they supported, Kyogoku and Nijo.
Japanese: 持明院統・大覚寺統両統の政争に、それぞれが庇護した歌道の家である京極派・二条派の対立が絡み、企画から選定までに20年近い歳月を要した複雑な成り立ちを持つ。
English: In the reign of Emperor Fushimi in 1293, Tameyo NIJO, Tamekane KYOGOKU, Masaari ASUKAI and Takahiro KUJO were selected as compilers for an imperial anthology by order of the Emperor.
Japanese: すなわち、伏見天皇の治世、永仁元年（1293年）、二条為世・京極為兼・飛鳥井雅有・九条隆博に勅撰集編纂の勅命が下った。
English: However, various arguments about, among other things, the policy for selecting waka between Tameyo and Tamekane became heated, and an enraged Tameyo resigned as compiler, on top of which followed the deaths of Takahiro KUJO in 1298 and Masaari ASUKAI in 1301.
Japanese: が、選歌方針ほかを巡り為世・為兼両者の争論が白熱化し、激昂した為世が撰者を辞退、さらに同6年（1298年）には九条隆博、正安3年（1301年）には飛鳥井雅有が死没。
English: During that period in 1298, there was no choice but to stop the compilation of the imperial anthology because Tamekane KYOGOKU was exiled to Sado Province by the bakufu and Emperor Fushimi was forced to abdicate the throne.
Japanese: その間、幕府によって永仁六年に京極為兼は佐渡国へ配流、伏見天皇も譲位を強いられ、勅撰の議は中断せざるを得なかった。
English: After that, Tamekane was recalled in 1303, and in accordance with the start of cloistered government by Retired Emperor Fushimi, the project of compiling the imperial anthology was finally able to be continued.
Japanese: その後、乾元(日本)2年（1303年）になって為兼は召還され、徳治3年（1308年）伏見院政の開始に伴い、漸く勅撰集編纂事業は続行された。
English: In spite of Tameyo's strong opposition, on May 21, 1311, it was ordered that Tamekane should compile the collection and present it alone ("Petition by Two Nobles of the Enkei Era").
Japanese: 為世の猛烈な反対にも拘らず、応長元年5月3日(旧暦)（1311年5月21日）、為兼が単独で撰進すべき命が下ったのであった（『延慶両卿訴陳状』）。
English: "Gyokuyo wakashu" was compiled in such a way as to prioritize the Jimyo-in line and the Kyogoku faction throughout, treating the Daikakuji line and the Nijo faction almost too coldly, including only a token amount their poems, with no more than 16 even for Tameuji NIJO.
Japanese: こうして完成した『玉葉集』は、持明院統・京極派優先主義を貫き、大覚寺統・二条派の者に関しては過度なまでに冷遇し、二条為氏（16首）以下、形ばかりの入集である。
English: It also took a policy of placing emphasis on contemporary works, so although famous medieval poets like FUJIWARA no Teika, FUJIWARA no Shunzei, Saigyo, and FUJIWARA no Tameie had over fifty poems included, among the 180 poets in the collection, 113 appeared for the first time, over half of which were women, a rather large number for the time.
Japanese: また当代重視方針を取り、藤原定家・藤原俊成・西行・藤原為家ら中世初期の著名歌人も50首以上採られているが、入集を果たした180人のうち、113人は勅撰集初出で、中でも女流の占める比重が過半数と大きい。
English: Among contemporary poets, Fushimi-in led the group with 93 poems,followed by Sanekane SAIONJI and Tamenori KYOGOKU's daughter Tameko KYOGOKU (60 poems each), Shoshi SAIONJI (49), and Tamekane KYOGOKU (36), gathering all the major poets of the early Kyogoku faction.
Japanese: 当代の歌人では、伏見院の93首が群を抜き、西園寺実兼・京極為教女京極為子（共に60首）、西園寺しょう子（49首）、京極為兼（36首）ら、前期京極派の主要歌人の顔ぶれが揃う。
English: Although the title "Gyokuyoshu" is reminiscent of "Manyoshu" (Ten Thousand Poems), and similarly includes a number of older poems, including a poem by KI no Tsurayuki starting off the collection, its most salient characteristic was not in following tradition, but in boldly incorporating new techniques of expression, and creating a free and fresh new poetic style.
Japanese: 『玉葉集』の名義は『万葉集』を思わせ、紀貫之の歌を巻頭に据えるなど、古歌を多く採っているが、それにも増してこの集の特色は、伝統を踏襲することを良しとせず、大胆にも斬新な表現上の技法を取り入れ、清新自由な歌風を創出したことにある。
English: Contrasting movement and stillness, describing the passage of time, and with frequent use of gitaigo (mimetic words), parallelism, and sound repetition, even while using the traditional vocabulary, it was a revolutionary effort that makes a vivid impression on anyone more familiar with the flat style of the Nijo faction.
Japanese: 動と静の対比、時間の推移の描写、擬態語・対句・同音反復の頻繁な使用など、従来の用語を使いながらも、革新的な試みがなされ、二条派の平淡な歌風に馴染んだ人に鮮明な印象を与える。
English: Furthermore, restricting the number of uncreative poetic topics, it aimed for poems with a fine sensitivity, a detailed observation of nature, and an expression of pure feeling.
Japanese: また、創意に乏しい題詠の数を抑え、精緻な自然観照や、純粋な心情の吐露など、鋭い感受性を伴った歌を目指した。
English: However, because it insisted on poetic technique, and did not allow poems with extra syllables, it left behind the traces of artificial polishing, so that many poems failed to achieve true beauty.
Japanese: しかし、詩的工夫に固持し、「字余り」も辞さなかった結果、入念な彫琢が造作の痕跡を残し、流麗な調べに欠ける歌も多い。
English: Although Gyokuyo wakashu was an extraordinary work that ushered in a new phase in the world of waka, which had reached a dead end with the Shinkokinshu, it was followed only by "Fuga waka shu" (Collection of Elegance) and was long regarded as heretical because the conservative Nijo faction led waka circles for many centuries.
Japanese: 玉葉集は、新古今で行き詰まった和歌の世界へ新風を吹きいれた非凡な作品であるにもかかわらず、僅かに『風雅和歌集』という後継者を得ただけで、その後何世紀にも渡って歌壇を保守的な二条派が主導したため、長らく異端視され続けた。
English: In modern times, after a close study by the poet Zenmaro TOKI (1885－1980) and his reevaluation of the Kyogoku faction, "Gyokuyo wakashu" began to receive attention again.
Japanese: 近代になって、歌人・土岐善麿（1885－1980）によって緻密な研究がなされ、京極派が再評価されてから、改めて『玉葉集』は脚光を浴びるようになった。
English: "Shoku Kokin Wakashu" is an anthology compiled by imperial command in the Kamakura period, and is the eleventh of the twenty one poetry anthologies.
Japanese: 『続古今和歌集』（しょくこきんわかしゅう）は鎌倉時代の勅撰集で、二十一代集の第十一番目。
English: It consists of twenty volumes as follows: spring (two volumes), summer, autumn (two volumes), winter, Shintoism, Shakyamuni's teachings, separation, kiryo (journey), love (five volumes), sorrow, miscellaneous (three volumes), and celebration.
Japanese: 春（上・下）、夏、秋（上・下）、冬、神祇、釈教、離別、羇旅、恋（五巻）、哀傷、雑（三巻）、賀の全20巻からなる。
English: The Shoku Kokin Wakashu List' has also survived, which classified the poets as either contemporary or ancient, and included their brief biographies and number of included poems.
Japanese: 歌人を当世と故者に分けて、入集歌数および略伝を附す「続古今和歌集目録」も伝わる。
English: FUJIWARA no Tameie, the head of the Mikohidari family was ordered to compile the anthology by Emperor Gosaga on April 17, 1259.
Japanese: 御子左家の当主・藤原為家が、正元(日本)元年（1259年）三月十六日に後嵯峨天皇から勅撰集撰進の命を受けた。
English: However, in October and November 1262, the Emperor also ordered Inner Minister Motoie KUJO (1203-1280), Ieyoshi KINUGASA (1192-1264), Yukiie ROKUJO (1223-1275), and Mitsutoshi HAMURO, aka. Shinkan (1203-1276), who were against the Mikohidari, to join as anthologists, so Tameie, resenting the decision, had his oldest son FUJIWARA no Tameuji continue the compiling work instead.
Japanese: ところが途中の弘長二年（1262年）九月、同院の勅宣により反御子左派の先鋒に立つ九条内大臣基家（1203－1280）・衣笠家良（1192－1264）・六条行家（1223－1275）・真観こと葉室光俊（1203－1276）の四名が新しく撰者として加わり、憤懣やるかたない為家は以後、専ら嫡男藤原為氏に編纂工作を任せたという。
English: It was completed and submitted to the Emperor for inspection on February 9, 1266, and a feast celebrating the completion of the work was held on April 25 of the following year.
Japanese: 文永二年（1265年）十二月二十六日、完成し奏覧、同三年三月十二日竟宴。
English: In 1264, Ieyoshi became the only one of the five anthologists to pass away before its completion.
Japanese: 撰者五人のうち、家良は完成を待たず、文永元年（1264年）に没した。
English: In those days, representative poets were distinguished people from influential families such as Imperial Prince Munetaka, Shogun of Kamakura (67 poems), Saneuji SAIONJI (61 poems), who was an important person in political circles, and the Gosaga-in (54 poems).
Japanese: 代表的な当代歌人は、鎌倉将軍宗尊親王（67首）、当時の政界の大老・西園寺実氏（61首）、後嵯峨院（54首）ら権門の貴顕であった。
English: Among the deceased, FUJIWARA no Teika (56 poems), who was the leading poet in Shin Kokin Wakashu (New Collection of Ancient and Modern Poetry), Emperor Gotoba (49 poems), and FUJIWARA no Ietaka (41 poems) were considered important.
Japanese: 物故者では新古今和歌集の主役、藤原定家（56首）・後鳥羽天皇（49首）・藤原家隆（41首）らが重視されている。
English: Three more poems by Emperor Tsuchimikado (the Gosaga-in's real father) were selected than those by Emperor Juntoku (35 poems), although Emperor Tsuchimikado's poems were inferior to Emperor Juntoku's, which was probably due to the will of the Gosaga-in.
Japanese: 順徳天皇（35首）より、歌人として劣る土御門天皇（後嵯峨院の実父）の方が三首多く選入されたのは、多分後嵯峨院の意志によるものであろう。
English: The anthology tried to follow tradition by naming itself the successor of "Kokin Wakashu" (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Poetry) and "Shin Kokin," and the reason why the number of anthologists was increased to five was probably because the Emperor wanted to make the anthology resemble "Shin Kokin," but because the anthologists were unable to agree with each other and couldn't organize the poems well it ended up being too diversified and inconsistent.
Japanese: 命名には『古今和歌集』『新古今』以来の正統を継承しようとする意気込みが見え、撰者の数を五人に増やしたのも、おそらく『新古今』のような勅撰集を目指した故であろうが、撰者が相容れぬ立場にあるため歌風の調和が取れず、多種多様で統一性に欠ける。
English: Some were bighearted poems in the Manyo style, and some were written in the elegant Shin Kokin style, although there was a strong tendency toward a simple and antique style as a whole.
Japanese: 鷹揚な万葉調の歌もあれば、華麗な新古今調もあるが、全体から見ればやはり平淡にして古風な傾向が強い。
English: "Shin Chokusenwakashu" is the first collection of the thirteen imperial anthologies of Japanese poetry, and the ninth anthology in aggregate.
Japanese: 『新勅撰和歌集』（しんちょくせんわかしゅう）は十三代集の最初、通算で第九勅撰和歌集。
English: Fujiwara no Teika was ordered to compile the anthology by Emperor Gohorikawa on July 9, 1232, and he selected the poems alone.
Japanese: 貞永元年（1232年）六月十三日、後堀河天皇の下命を受けた藤原定家が単独で撰した。
English: After the Retired Emperor passed away, Michiie and Norizane KUJO, father and son, took over the compiling effort, completed it on April 8, 1235 of the time of Emperor Shijo, and reported its completion to Emperor.
Japanese: 上皇の死後も九条道家・九条教実父子の後援で編纂事業が引き継がれ、四条天皇代の文暦二年（1235年）三月十二日、完成し奏上。
English: The poems are classified into the following categories: the four seasons (2 volumes for spring and autumn and 1 volume for the others), celebration, journey, Shintoism, Shakyamuni's teachings, love, and miscellaneous (the latter two consist of 5 volumes each).
Japanese: 部立は四季（春秋二巻、他一巻）・賀・羇旅・神祇・釈教・恋・雑（恋・雑共に五巻）の順に並び、
English: The categories of elegy and parting, which formed independent volumes in the conventional 20 volume imperial anthologies, were omitted, so they were included instead in the categories of miscellaneous poems and journey.
Japanese: 従来の二十巻の勅撰集において独立した巻を持った哀傷・離別の項目が無く、それぞれ雑歌・羇旅に吸収されている。
English: Of the poets in the anthology, Fujiwara no Ietaka has the most poems (43), followed by Yoshitsune KUJO's (36), then FUJIWARA no Toshinari's (35), Kintsune SAIONJI's (30), Jien's (27), MINAMOTO no Sanetomo's and Michiie KUJO's (25 each), and Masatsune ASUKAI's (20), so it could be said that the poems composed by the distinguished people of the Kujo and the Saionji families (Kintsune was Teika's brother-in-law and Kanpaku (Senior Regent), Michiie Kujo's father-in-law) are the most prominent.
Japanese: 最多入集歌人は藤原家隆（43首）で、九条良経（36首）、藤原俊成（35首）、西園寺公経（30首）、慈円（27首）、源実朝・九条道家（共に25首）、飛鳥井雅経（20首）がそれに次ぎ、定家が庇護を受けた九条家・西園寺家の貴顕（公経は定家の義弟にして、関白九条道家の岳父である）の入集が目立つ。
English: It was due to Teika's consideration for the bakufu that the work by the great poets Emperor Gotoba and Emperor Juntoku was omitted, as they were in exile following the Jokyu incident.
Japanese: 承久の乱以後、流刑地にあった大歌人後鳥羽天皇と順徳天皇の歌を除外したのは、他ならぬ幕府への配慮である。
English: He also reduced his own poems to a minimum while holding poems by FUJIWARA no Ietaka and MINAMOTO no Sanetomo in high regard, deepening interest in Teika's attitude toward poetry selection.
Japanese: 藤原家隆・源実朝を高く評価する傍ら、自身の歌の入集を最小限に抑えた定家の態度は興味深い。
English: Compared with the elegant Shin Kokin style, Shin Chokusenshu is characterized by its simple and refined style, which tells us what he preferred in his later years.
Japanese: 新勅撰集は華やかな新古今調から一転して平明枯淡な趣向に走り、定家晩年の好みを伺わせる。
English: Its conservative style of poetry was respected by the Nijo poetic house as 'truth,' becoming the model for all subsequent waka poems in the medieval period.
Japanese: その保守的な歌風は二条派に「実」として尊重され、中世和歌の手本となった。
English: Mido Kanpakuki is a diary written by FUJIWARA no Michinaga, a court noble who held the titles of Regent and Grand Minister in the Heian period.
Japanese: 御堂関白記（みどうかんぱくき）は、平安時代の貴族の摂政太政大臣藤原道長が著した日記。
English: The name of Mido Kanpakuki came from the Hojoji Muryojuin Hall, which FUJIWARA no Michinaga built.
Japanese: 御堂関白記の名称由来は、藤原道長建立の法成寺無量寿院のことを指している。
English: However, Michinaga never formally took the title of regent, so it is likely that the diary was merely titled Diary of a Mido Regent for posterity.
Japanese: しかし、道長は生前、一度として関白となっておらず、御堂関白記の名称は後世付けられたものであり、正確なものではない。
English: Mido Kanpakuki is well known as a diary of historical material written by FUJIWARA no Michinaga, but at the same time it has a bad reputation for unclear writing, misspellings, and grammatical errors, which make interpretation difficult.
Japanese: 御堂関白記は藤原道長の日記史料として著名であるが、同時に意味不明な文章や、誤字、文法的誤りの多いことでも有名で、解釈が難しい史料である。
English: This can also be applied to "Denryaku" written by FUJIWARA no Tadazane of the regent house of Fujiwara and "Gonijo Moromichi-ki" by FUJIWARA no Moromichi, so it seems that the regent family were not particularly adapt at Classical Chinese.
Japanese: これは同じ藤原摂関家の藤原忠実による『殿暦』、藤原師通による『後二条師通記』にもいえることで、摂関家は漢文についてそれほど得意ではなかったようだ。
English: Compared with them, the contemporary works "Gonki" by FUJIWARA no Yukinari and "Shoyuki" by FUJIWARA no Sanesuke are well known for their excellent writing and contents.
Japanese: これにくらべ、同時期の藤原行成『権記』、藤原実資『小右記』はすぐれた文体と内容で定評がある。
English: The diary entries cover the years 998 to 1021, although some of them are missing.
Japanese: 長徳4年（998年）から治安(元号)元年（1021年）までの記述であるが、一部欠巻もある。
English: As there were periods of time when Michinaga didn't keep a diary, not all of the crucial issues of his political attitudes and intentions could have been written in it.
Japanese: しかし、道長は日記記述を行わなかった時期があるため、肝心の政治的動向や思惑が記されていることはまずあり得ない。
English: The diary is surprisingly simple, and lacks the emotional commentary which the modern reader would expect to find.
Japanese: 驚くほど簡明な記録であり、現代人が期待するような内面的叙述は一切存在しない。
English: However, it could be the best historical material we have to understand the official duties and fields of activity of the head of the To clan.
Japanese: ただ、藤氏長者の職掌を知り、活動範囲を学ぶには最適な史料であるといえよう。
English: A modern Japanese translation has not been made yet, and the only existing modern translation is the French one made by a French Japanologist.
Japanese: 現代語訳は日本語では行われておらず、フランスの日本学学者がフランス語でしたものが唯一。
English: Nijo Kawaha no Rakusho are writings collected in "Kenmu Nenkan-ki," a record of the Kenmu era which was handed down in the Machino clan, which was the head of Monchujo (Board of Inquiry) in Muromachi bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 二条河原の落書（にじょうがわらのらくしょ）とは、室町幕府問注所執事の町野氏に伝わる『建武年間記(建武記)』に収録されている文である。
English: It consists of 88 stanzas, and was written in seven-and-five-syllable meter, criticizing and satirizing politics and society in the chaotic days of the Kenmu Restoration.
Japanese: 88節に渡り、建武の新政当時の混乱する政治・社会を批判、風刺した七五調の文書。
English: Hand written copies (criticizing and satirizing politics and society) have been passed down through the years up until today, and it is said to have been displayed at the Nijo river beach near Nijo Tomikoji Street in the Kamogawa river basin (Yodogawa river system) (near the present day Nijo-Ohashi Bridge, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City) where the Kenmu regime's office was.
Japanese: 建武政権の政庁である二条富小路近くの二条河原（鴨川(淀川水系)流域のうち、現在の京都市中京区二条大橋付近）に掲げられたとされる落書（政治や社会などを批判した文）で、写本として現代にも伝わる。
English: The lampoon was displayed on August, 1334, when the Kenmu Restoration was inaugurated by Emperor Godaigo after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu.
Japanese: 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇により開始された建武の新政が行われるなか、1334年（建武(日本)元年）8月に掲げられた。
English: Taking a look at the text, you can see that it was written in a kind of verse, so it must have been written by someone who was familiar with Chinese poetry and waka poems.
Japanese: 本文を見ると一種の詩をかたどった文書であり、漢詩や和歌に精通している人物が書いたことは間違いないと思われる。
English: Emperor (Emperor Kiritsubo) falls in love with Kiritsubo no Koi, a lower class court lady, and she bears him an Imperial prince, but she soon dies of a disease.
Japanese: 帝（桐壺帝）はそれほど身分の高い家の出ではない桐壺更衣を寵愛し皇子を儲けるが、更衣はやがて病死してしまう。
English: In order to console the deeply grieving Emperor, Fujitsubo, who looks exactly like the late Koi, is sent to the Imperial court and wins the Emperor's favor.
Japanese: これを深く嘆く帝を慰めるために亡き更衣生きうつしの藤壺が入内し、新たな寵愛を得る。
English: The child of the late Koi is brought up under the protection of the Emperor, and comes to love Fujitsubo, who is said to look like his lost mother.
Japanese: 一方で更衣の遺児は帝のもとで育てられ、亡き母に似るという藤壺をことに慕うようになる。
English: He celebrates his coming of age, being given the name of Genji and getting married to Lady Aoi, a daughter of the House of the Sadijin (Minister of the Left), and people come to call him Hikaru Genji because of his shining beauty.
Japanese: 元服した彼は帝によって源氏を賜り、源氏物語の登場人物左大臣家家娘葵の上の婿となって、その光り輝くような美貌から光源氏と呼ばれるようになる。
English: One night, when an early summer rain is falling, young court nobles gather around Genji, who is on night duty, and have a chat about ladies, in an episode known as 'rating woman on a rainy night.'
Japanese: 五月雨のある夜、宮中に宿直する源氏のもとに若い公達が集って「雨夜の品定め」を行う。
English: On the following day, Genji has a relationship with Utsusemi (lady of the cicada shell), a wife of Iyo no Suke (Iyo Deputy), at her residence which he has visited for ritual abstention.
Japanese: 翌日、物忌みに出向いた邸で、源氏は伊予介の妻空蝉(源氏物語)と関係を持つ。
English: Genji wins over her younger brother to his side, and tries to meet her again and again in vain, but Utsusemi keeps strongly refusing him.
Japanese: 源氏は彼女の弟を手なづけ、その後何度も逢瀬を求めるが、空蝉はこれをかたくなにこばみつづける。
English: In the summer evening, Genji catches a glimpse of Utsusemi and her daughter-in-law, Nokiba no Ogi, having a game of Go, and he grows affectionate toward her.
Japanese: 夏の夕暮、源氏は空蝉と義理の娘軒端荻が碁を打つのを垣間見、いよいよ慕情をつのらせる。
English: When night falls, Genji sneaks into her bedroom, but Utsusemi senses he is coming and runs away leaving her clothes behind.
Japanese: 夜に入って源氏が寝間に忍びこむと、空蝉はそれと察して衣だけを脱捨てて逃げてしまう。
English: Genji loves the pretty and obedient Yugao deeply, but Rokujo no Miyasudokoro is so jealous of Yugao that her spirit possesses Yugao and causes her death.
Japanese: 源氏は可憐で素直な夕顔を深く愛するが、六条御息所が嫉妬のあまり生霊となってある夜これをとり殺す。
English: The following spring, Genji visits the Northern Hills to perform incantations, finding a beautiful little girl there who lives with her grandmother and others.
Japanese: 翌年の春、源氏は病気加持祈祷のため北山に赴き、そこで祖母の源氏物語の登場人物その他とともに住まう美貌の幼女を見かける。
English: Genji is infatuated with the girl, a niece of Fujitsubo, and asks the nun to take responsibility for her, but the nun refuses his offer.
Japanese: 藤壺の姪にあたる彼女に源氏は執心し、引き取って手元で育てたいというが尼君は応じない。
English: Genji and To no Chujo are possessed by a rumor that a daughter of Prince Hitachi is living in sad circumstances, and compete with each other in their advances to her.
Japanese: 常陸宮の姫君が廃邸にひっそりと暮しているという噂に源氏と頭中将が心ひかれ、競争のようにして言いよる。
English: Genji succeeds in having a relationship with her sooner than To no Chujo, and is surprised to find her an ugly lady with a long red nose.
Japanese: 源氏がひと足はやく彼女と関係してみると、意外にも鼻の長く赤い醜女であって源氏は閉口する。
English: When Emperor holds the Momiji no Ga (the autumn excursion) to celebrate the Retired Emperor's birthday, Genji performs a dance.
Japanese: 帝が上皇の長寿のお祝いを紅葉賀と銘打って主催し、源氏はこれに舞を舞う。
English: At the end of the spring, Genji, invited to a feast held at the residence of the Udaijin (Minister of the Right), knows that she is a daughter of his political enemy the Udaijin, and moreover, she is the woman called Oborozukiyo (the misty moon), who is going to be married to Genji's older brother.
Japanese: 春の末、右大臣家の宴に招かれた源氏は、彼女が政敵右大臣の娘で、まもなくみずからの兄のもとに入内する朧月夜(源氏物語)の君であることを知る。
English: At the Aoi festival, Rokujo no Miyasudokoro is humiliated by lady Aoi over a quarrel about where their carriages are to be kept, and feels great bitterness toward her.
Japanese: 葵祭の折、車の場所争いのことで六条御息所は葵の上によって辱めを受け、これを深くうらむ。
English: Aoi, who is pregnant and in childbed, gives birth to a baby boy (Yugiri), but is tortured by the spirit of Rokujo no Miyasudokoro and dies.
Japanese: 折から妊娠していた葵の上は産褥に御息所の生霊に苦しめられ、無事男子（夕霧(源氏物語)）を出産したものの亡くなってしまう。
English: Rokujo no Miyasudokoro is afraid of her own vicious spirit, so when her daughter becomes a high priestess, she decides to go down to Ise Province with her daughter, to confine and purify herself in the temporary shrine at Sagano.
Japanese: 六条御息所はみずからの生霊のおそろしさにおびえ、娘が斎宮となったのを機にともに伊勢国に下ることを決意し、嵯峨野の野宮に籠もって潔斎する。
English: Because of this, Genji, who has become involved in the political conflict between the Udaijin and Sadaijin (Minister of the Left) after the death of Emperor Kiritsubo, is put in a difficult situation.
Japanese: 桐壺帝死後の右大臣派と左大臣派の政争にまきこまれた源氏は、これを口実に陥れられようとする。
English: During a break in the early summer rain, Genji visits lady Reikeiden, one of the court ladies of the late Emperor Kiritsubo.
Japanese: 五月雨の晴れ間、源氏は故桐壺院の女御の一人、麗景殿女御のもとを訪れる。
English: At her residence in which she lives a quiet, charming life like something out of an old tale, Genji remembers the days of the reign of his father the emperor.
Japanese: ひっそりと物静かな、昔語りのゆかしい風情に住みなしている人のもとで、源氏は父帝在世のころをしのぶ。
English: The encounter with Hanachirusato, who is a younger sister of the lady and to be one of Genji's wives, is not mentioned in the work, but the author wrote of their reunion after many years.
Japanese: 後に妻の一人となる女御の妹花散里との出会いは作中に記述されておらず、この巻で久々の再開と言う形をとる。
English: Hikaru Genji senses that he is being punished, so takes the initiative, secluding himself from society to Suma.
Japanese: 罪せられそうな気配を敏感に察し、光源氏は先手を打って須磨に隠遁する。
English: It is pitiful to see Genji, worried about lady Murasaki, say good-bye to all the women with whom he has had relations and leave Kyo.
Japanese: かかわりのある女君たちに別れを告げ、紫の上の身上を心配しつつ、京を去る源氏の姿はあわれぶかい。
English: Around the same time, Priest Akashi, who lives in a neighboring province, knows that Genji is staying temporarily in Suma, so he plans to make his daughter marry Genji.
Japanese: 一方で隣国の明石入道は、須磨に源氏が仮寓することを知って娘との結婚を画策する。
English: Meanwhile at the capital, Emperor Suzaku has a dream in which Emperor Kiritsubo appears and tells him that Genji is innocent, blaming Suzaku.
Japanese: 一方都では朱雀帝の夢に桐壺帝があらわれ、源氏は無実の旨を告げて叱責する。
English: While Genji has fallen on hard times and withdrawn from society, Suetsumuhana, who doesn't have anybody else to depend on, has been devotedly waiting for him while enduring a life of poverty.
Japanese: 源氏逼塞のあいだ、ほかに頼るものとてない末摘花は一途に彼を待ちつづけ、落魄の生活にも耐えていた。
English: Competing for Emperor's favor, the high priestess of Ise (Lady Plum Pavilion, later called Empress Akikonomu) and a daughter of Gon no Chunagon (Kokiden no Nyogo) are respectively supported by Genji and To no Chujo (now Gon no Chunagon), who was once his best friend.
Japanese: 冷泉帝の後宮に時めく斎宮女御（梅壷女御。後の秋好中宮）と権中納言の姫君（弘徽殿女御）は、それぞれかつての親友であった源氏と頭中将（今は権中納言）が後盾となって寵を競っている。
English: When a picture contest is held, both Genji and Gon no Chunagon keep their respective princesses focussed on collecting picture scrolls in order to make their own one win.
Japanese: 宮中に絵合が行われることになり、二人はおのおのみずからの姫君を勝たせるべく絵巻の収集に余念がない。
English: On the day of the picture contest, the picture scroll made by Genji when he was in exile in Suma is applauded by Fujitsubo and Emperor Reizei, so the high priestess wins the contest.
Japanese: 絵合の当日、源氏が須磨流浪の折の自筆の絵巻が藤壺、冷泉帝に賞賛され、斎宮女御方の勝ちとなった。