nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Occasionally, a flea market or an event is held at the plaza space in front of the Kyoto City Hall.
Japanese: 京都市役所前の広場では、休日になるとフリーマーケットやイベントが行なわれる事がある。
English: The Awa Express Bus Kyoto-go is the daytime express bus running from Kyoto City - Oyamasaki-cho, Otokuni District - Takatsuki City - Naruto City - Tokushima City.
Japanese: 阿波エクスプレス京都号（あわエクスプレス　きょうとごう）は、京都市、乙訓郡大山崎町、高槻市と鳴門市、徳島市を結ぶ昼行高速バスである。
English: While these buses running between Kansai Region and Tokushima Prefecture are individually operated by JR (Japan Railroad) and private bus companies, (suh as the Tokushima Bus Co., Ltd.) this Awa Express Bus Kyoto-go is jointly operated by both parties.
Japanese: 関西～徳島間の高速バスは、JR系と徳島バス・私鉄系とは同じ行き先でも完全に別立てで運行されているが、この京都行きのみは両系統の共同運行となっている。
English: Although the public nickname of this express bus is unified as the Awa Express Bus Kyoto-go among those four companies jointly operating this bus route, (West JR Bus Company, JR Shikoku Bus Company, the Keihan Bus Co., Ltd., and the Honshi Kaikyo Bus Co., Ltd.) only the bus of this route operated by the Tokushima Bus Co., Ltd. is named as the Eddy (this name is the common public nickname given to all the express buses operated by the Tokushima Bus, while the "Awa Express Bus Kyoto-go" is the official name for this company, too.)
Japanese: このバスの愛称は、西日本JRバス、JR四国バス、京阪バス、本四海峡バスの4社が阿波エクスプレス京都号（あわエクスプレスきょうとごう）に統一しているが、徳島バスのみエディ号（徳島バスの高速バスに共通してつけられる愛称であり、『阿波エクスプレス京都号』は路線名として使用されている）である。
English: 7 round-trips in a day (the West JR Bus for 2 round-trips, the JR Shikoku Bus and the Tokushima Bus for 1.5 round-trips, and the Keihan Bus and the Honshi Kaikyo Bus for 1 round-trip)
Japanese: 1日7往復（西日本JR2往復、JR四国・徳島各1.5往復、京阪・本四各1往復）。
English: The Kameoka City Furusato Bus is the community oriented bus running in Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture (the route is operated by the Keihan Kyoto Transport, Co., Ltd.)
Japanese: 亀岡市ふるさとバス（かめおかしふるさとバス）は、京都府亀岡市のコミュニティバスである（京阪京都交通により運行）。
English: This community bus began its operation on April 1, 2005 when the regular bus operation was discontinued in some areas of Kameoka City.
Japanese: 亀岡市内一部地域での路線バス廃止に伴い、2005年4月1日に運行開始した。
English: Those pre-paid cards such as KANSAI THRU PASS, PiTaPa, Common bus card of the Keihan Group can be used for boarding.
Japanese: スルッとKANSAI、PiTaPa、京阪グループ共通バスカードが使用可能である。
English: There are two courses for Kawahigashi Route departing from Kameoka Station Front, going to Chiyokawa Station Front area (via Chitose) and Gounoguchi area (via Kawabara Hayashi).
Japanese: 川東コースには、亀岡駅前発（千歳経由）千代川駅前方面行と（河原林経由）郷の口方面行の2通りのコースがある。
English: The Settan-kaido Road was the principal road connecting Settsu Province and Tanba Province (present-day Ikeda City, Osaka Prefecture, and Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture, respectively).
Japanese: 摂丹街道（せったんかいどう）は、摂津国と丹波国（現在の大阪府池田市-京都府亀岡市）を結ぶ街道。
English: The section of the road in Nose District, Settsu Province, was also called Yono-kaido Road, while the section in Tanba Province was also called Ikeda-kaido Road.
Japanese: 摂津国・能勢郡側は余野までは余野街道、丹波国側は池田街道の別名がある。
English: Most of the section of this road has been re-developed by expansion construction for the road width, replacing or reducing the atmosphere of the old-days road and the roadside scenery.
Japanese: ほとんどの区間が道路拡張工事などで整備され、旧街道の面影はほとんど残っていない。
English: The prefecture boundary mark placed by Kyoto Prefecture in 1934 still remains on the roadside at the boarder of Osaka Prefecture and Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 大阪府・京都府境の街道脇に昭和9年に京都府が設置した府境標が残っている。
English: Most of the section of this road is designated as the National Highway No. 423, while some section in Kameoka City is designated as the National Highway No. 372.
Japanese: 区間の大半が国道423号に指定されており、亀岡市内においては国道372号の一部区間が含まれる。
English: The end point: Yatsu-machi, Kameoka City, Kyoto Prefecture (the intersection of the former Sanin-do Road [Kyoto Prefectural Road No. 402, Oji Namikawa Route])
Japanese: 終点：京都府亀岡市安町（旧山陰道（京都府道402号王子並河線）交点）
English: The Kurotani Magura Tunnel is one of the tunnels of the Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway, running between Ayabe City and Maizuru City of Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 黒谷真倉トンネル（くろたにまぐらトンネル）は、京都府綾部市と舞鶴市を貫く舞鶴若狭自動車道のトンネル。
English: This tunnel is the second longest tunnel among those tunnels of the Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway, next to the Tanba Daiichi Tunnel (2,361m) located in Hyogo Prefecture.
Japanese: 舞鶴若狭道のなかでは、兵庫県の丹波第一トンネル（2,361m）に続いて2番目に距離が長い。
English: The Mikunidake Tunnel is one of the tunnels of the Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway, running between Maizuru City, Kyoto Prefecture and Takahama-cho, Oi District, Fukui Prefecture.
Japanese: 三国岳トンネル（みくにだけトンネル）は、京都府舞鶴市と福井県大飯郡高浜町を貫く舞鶴若狭自動車道のトンネル。
English: 2003: The tunnel began its operation when the Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway was extended to Obama and opened to traffic.
Japanese: 2003年（平成15年）：舞鶴若狭自動車道の小浜延伸に伴い供給開始。
English: The proposal of construction was made for the Expressway and the tunnel for transforming the road into four-lane; however, currently there is no sign of starting the construction because the priority is given to complete the entire Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway first.
Japanese: 4車線化も計画されているが、舞鶴若狭道の早期全通を優先しており、着工の見通しは立っていない。
English: The Fukuchiyama City Local Voluntary Operation Bus service is operated by Fukuchiyama City (Kyoto Prefecture) as a replacement for the discontinued regular bus route (No. 80 Route).
Japanese: 福知山市内自主運行バス（ふくちやましないじしゅうんこうバス）は、京都府福知山市で運行されている廃止代替バス（80条バス）。
English: There are three routes for this bus service; Nakamutobe Bus, Anga Bus and Mitake Bus.
Japanese: 中六人部（なかむとべ）バス・庵我（あんが）バス・三岳（みたけ）バスの3路線がある。
English: At bus stops in the suburbs or the center of the city where the Fukuchiyama City Local Voluntary Operation Bus is in competition with Kyoto Transport (Maizuru Management Office) and West JR Bus, you can only get off buses heading for Fukuchiyama and you can only get on buses departing from Fukuchiyama.
Japanese: 京都交通(舞鶴)・西日本ジェイアールバスなどと競合する近郊・都心の一部バス停では、福知山行きを降車のみ、福知山発を乗車のみとして棲み分けを図っている。
English: Although the Zentan Bus Co. Ltd. used to operate a bus route coming from Hyogo Prefecture by going across the prefectural boarder and connecting to the Fukuchiyama City Local Voluntary Operation Bus route at Kamisasaki bus stop, the bus route was discontinued on September 30, 2008.
Japanese: かつては全但バスが府県境を越え、上佐々木で連絡していたが、2008年9月30日に運行休止となった。
English: The Fukami Tunnel is the tunnel running between Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City and Minami-Tanba City (Kyoto Prefecture).
Japanese: 深見トンネル（ふかみトンネル）は京都府京都市右京区と同府南丹市に跨るトンネルである。
English: The former Fukami-zuido Tunnel for the old National Road No.162 was blocked for passing through by setting up a barricade.
Japanese: 旧道である深見隧道は現在では通行不能であり、バリケードが張られている。
English: The new Fukami Tunnel has the length of 1034m, while it is constructed in higher standard in specification by providing 10.5m width for the tunnel and equipped with many illuminations, allowing to reduce the sense of tightness inside of the tunnel space.
Japanese: 延長1034m、幅員10.5mの高規格な造りとなっており、照明も多く圧迫感はほとんど感じられない。
English: The tunnel also houses a sidewalk designed for those people who enjoy walking and bicycling on this road.
Japanese: 歩道も整備されており、ハイキングやサイクリングなどを楽しむ人にも配慮された造りとなっている。
English: The traffic volume of this tunnel is very high as it was built for the National Road No. 162, the trunk road connecting Fukui Prefecture and Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 福井県と京都府を結ぶ幹線道路である国道162号にある為、交通量は非常に多い。
English: During the summer season, the traffic volume of touring motorcycles is particularly high.
Japanese: 特に夏はツーリング(オートバイ)のバイクが多く通行するトンネルである。
English: The Kasa Tunnel is the tunnel running between Kita Ward and Ukyo Ward of Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 笠トンネル（かさトンネル）は京都府京都市北区(京都市)と右京区に跨るトンネルである。
English: Opened for traffic in March, 1973, this tunnel has a length of 1199m, (width: 8 m), which is the third longest tunnel of National Road No. 162, next to the Hatagoyama Tunnel that is also linked to National Road No. 27, and the Horikoshi Tunnel located at the border of Fukui Prefecture and Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 1973年3月に開通し、延長1199m、幅員8mで、国道162号のトンネルの中では国道27号と重複中の旗護山トンネル、福井県境の堀越トンネルに次ぐ3番目の長さを誇る。
English: This is the only tunnel that connects the Shuzan region with Kyoto City, so the road in this tunnel has the highest traffic volume of all the roads in this area.
Japanese: 周山地域と京都市を結ぶ道としては唯一のトンネルであり、最も利用の多い道路である。
English: The speed limit of this section of the road outside of this tunnel is set at 50km/h, but while the speed limit inside of this tunnel is set at 40km/h.
Japanese: トンネル前後の道路は50km/hの速度規制だが、トンネル内は40km/hに規制されている。
English: The traffic volume of this tunnel is high as it was built for the Shuzan-Kaido Road, the National Road No. 162, which is used by various type of vehicles such as the freight tractor-trailers or touring motorcycles.
Japanese: 福井県と京都府を結ぶ周山街道国道162号上にある為、交通量は多く、貨物自動車などの牽引車両やツーリング(オートバイ)をするバイクなど様々な種類の車両が通行するトンネルである。
English: The Yosano-cho Community Bus is the community oriented bus operated in Yosano-cho, Yosa District, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 与謝野町コミュニティバス（よさのちょうコミュニティバス）は、京都府与謝郡与謝野町内を運行するコミュニティバス。
English: Kanokuma - Yosa Day-care Center South (- Yamakawa Community Center - Uzuki Community Center) - Kaya SL Square - Kayanosato - Atsue Community Center North - Kaya Government Office - Will (<- Kaya Day-care Center Front <- Kayaoku Jubangumi)
Japanese: 鹿ノ熊-与謝保育園下（-山河公民館-宇豆貴公民館）-加悦SL広場-加悦の里-温江公民館上-加悦庁舎-ウイル（←加悦保育園前←加悦奥十番組）
English: Kanokuma -> Yosa Day-care Center South -> Yamakawa Community Center -> Uzuki Community Center -> Kaya SL Square -> Kayanosato - > Atsue Community Center North -> Kaya Government Office -> Kaya Day-care Center Front -> Kayaoku Jubangumi
Japanese: 鹿ノ熊→与謝保育園下→山河公民館→宇豆貴公民館→SL広場→加悦の里→温江公民館上→加悦庁舎→加悦保育園前→加悦奥十番組
English: Kawakami North - Isikawa Kamiji - Kameyama - Nodagawa Government Office - Akasi Apartment (- Will) - Kaya Government Office - Kuwagai Elementary School Front - Kago North - Omiya - Kameyama - Nodagawa Government Office
Japanese: 川上上-石川上地-亀山-野田川庁舎-明石団地（-ウイル）-加悦庁舎-桑飼小学校下-香河上-大宮-亀山-野田川庁舎
English: Shogasaki -> Kaya Government Office -> Kuwagai Elementary School -> Kago North -> Omiya -> Kawakami North -> Isikawa Kamiji -> Kameyama -> Nodagawa Government Office
Japanese: 庄ヶ崎→加悦庁舎→桑飼小学校下→香河上→大宮→川上上→石川上地→亀山→野田川庁舎
English: All the operation of the buses on Sunday, national holidays and New Year season (December 30 - January 3) is suspended.
Japanese: 全コースとも、日曜・祝祭日・年末年始（12月30日～翌年1月3日まで）は全便運休する。
English: The Fukuchiyama Municipal Operation Bus is the community oriented bus operated by Fukuchiyama City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 福知山市営バス（ふくちやましえいバス）は、京都府福知山市で運行されているコミュニティバス。
English: All of the former town bus services had replaced the former private bus services and the former National Railway bus service, when those bus services were discontinued by those companies.
Japanese: 旧町営バスの各路線とも、民間バスや旧国鉄バスの路線撤退を受けた廃止代替バスである。
English: The origin of this bus route is the former Oe-cho Municipal Management Bus, which was handed over from the former Kyoto Transport Co., Ltd. Kameoka Management Office and the former National Railway Bus to Oe-cho (this is the town that used to belong to the former Kasa District of Kyoto Prefecture.)
Japanese: 旧京都交通(亀岡)・旧国鉄バスの路線を旧加佐郡大江町(京都府)が継承した大江町営バスに由来。
English: Oe Yamanoie Route: Sakaigawa - Gujyo Station - Tadewara - Oe Station (Kyoto Prefecture) - Futamata Station - Oe Yamaguchi Naiku Station - Juvenile Center - Oe Yamanoie
Japanese: 大江山の家線：堺川-公庄駅-蓼原-大江駅(京都府)-二俣駅-大江山口内宮駅-青少年センター-大江山の家
English: Nika South Route: Gujyo Station Front - Green Hill - Former Agricultural Cooperative Office Front - Senbara North - Tadehara - Oe Station Front - Kyoto Prefectural Oe High School - Kitaariji - Nika North - Nika South
Japanese: 二箇下線：公庄駅前-グリーンヒル-旧農協前-千原下-蓼原-大江駅前-京都府立大江高等学校-北有路-二箇上-二箇下
English: The origin of this bus route is the former Miwa-cho Municipal Management Bus, which was handed over from the West JR Bus Company and the former Kyoto Transport Co., Ltd., and the Shinki Bus Co., Ltd. to Miwa-cho (this is the town that used to belong to the former Amata District of Kyoto Prefecture.)
Japanese: 西日本JRバス・旧京都交通・神姫バスの路線を旧天田郡三和町(京都府)が継承した三和町営バスに由来。
English: Kawai Obara Route: Tsuji - Senzoku - Welfare Center Front - Miwa Apartment - Sinbashi - Kawai Day-care Center - Kawaiguchi - Obara - Teramachi - Ayabe Station
Japanese: 川合大原線：辻-千束-福祉センター前-三和荘-新橋-川合保育園-川合口-大原-寺町-綾部駅
English: Ubara Route: Senzoku - Welfare Center Front - Miwa Apartment - Hosomi Tsuji - General Assembly Hall - Miwa Post Office (Kyoto Prefecture) - Ubara Naka Shoe Store - Fukuchiyama Municipal Ubara Elementary School - Ubara - Omi North - Kayo
Japanese: 菟原線：千束-福祉センター前-三和荘-細見辻-総合会館-三和郵便局(京都府)-菟原中しゅうず-福知山市立菟原小学校-菟原-大身上-加用
English: Tomobuchi Route: Welfare Center Front - Senzoku - Hosomi Tsuji - General Assembly Hall - Miwa Post Office - Ubara Naka Shoe Store - Tokuyo (special nursing home for elderly) Front - Sainono - Tomobuchi - Kusayama Spa - Alpine Hotel
Japanese: 友渕線：福祉センター前-千束-細見辻-総合会館-三和郵便局前-菟原中しゅうず-特養前-サイノノ-友渕-草山温泉-アルパインホテル
English: Ito-Chihara Route: Simo-Yakuno Station - Fureai Plaza Front - Shimo-Chihara - Takauchi - Kuchi-Ogura - Roadside Station Farming Craftsman Village Yakuno - Kami-Yakuno Station - Kazuka - Imoji - Tatani
Japanese: 板生千原線：下夜久野駅-ふれあいプラザ前-下千原-高内-口小倉-道の駅農匠の郷やくの-上夜久野駅-門垣-いもぢ-田谷
English: Naomi Route: Fureai Plaza Front - Shimo-Yakuno Station Front - Simo-Heki - Takauchi - Oyugo - Kami-Yakuno Station Front - Farming Craftsman Village - Kazuka - Soedani - Miyagaki - Saitani
Japanese: 直見線：ふれあいプラザ前-下夜久野駅前-下日置-高内-大油子-上夜久野駅前-農匠の郷-門垣-副谷-宮垣-才谷
English: Hata Route: Imazato - Kinno - Obata - Hata Cultural Exchange Center Front - Fureai Plaza Front - Shimo-Yakuno Station Front - Shimo-Heki - Takauchi - Oyugo - Kami-Yakuno Station Front - Farming Craftsman Village
Japanese: 畑線：今里-金尾-小畑-畑交流センター前-ふれあいプラザ前-下夜久野駅前-下日置-高内-大油子-上夜久野駅前-農匠の郷
English: Go-kaido Roads were five land traffic routes of the Edo period starting from Edo. 
Japanese: 五街道（ごかいどう）は、江戸時代の江戸を起点とする五つの陸上交通路。
English: In 1601 Ieyasu TOKUGAWA began to maintain 5 routes (described as follows) connecting Edo to various places to rule all over Japan, and in the time of the 4th Shogun, Ietsuna TOKUGAWA these routes were defined as main routes.
Japanese: 慶長6年（1601年）に徳川家康が全国支配のために江戸と各地を結ぶ以下の5つの街道を整備し始め、四代将軍徳川家綱の代になって基幹街道に定められた。
English: In 1604 Nihonbashi (Chuo Ward, Tokyo Prefecture) was defined as the starting point of Go-kaido Roads.
Japanese: 慶長9年（1604年）に日本橋(東京都中央区)が五街道の起点として定められた。
English: Ichirizuka (a milestone) were put up every approx. 3.927km as the road infrastructure and inns were at regular intervals. 
Japanese: 整備として一里ごとに一里塚を設けたほか、一定間隔ごとに宿場を用意した。
English: They came under the jurisdiction of newly-created Dochu-bugyo (magistrate of major roads) after 1659.
Japanese: 万治2年（1659年）以降は新たに設置された道中奉行の管轄に置かれた。
English: Branch roads of Go-kaido Roads and Wakiokan (main roads other than Go-kaido) as old routes were built and came under the jurisdiction of kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance).
Japanese: 五街道の枝道、また古街道として脇往還が設置され、勘定奉行の管轄に置かれた。
English: Nakahara-kaido Road: A Wakiokan which connected Edo to Hiratsuka almost straight and was used as the shortest route for travelers and transportation of farm products from roadside area.
Japanese: 中原街道：江戸・平塚間をほぼ直線につなぐ脇往還として沿道の農産物等の運搬や旅人の最速ルートとして利用された。
English: Hokuriku-do Road: It stretched from Hokkoku-kaido Road, through Kanagawa City in Kaga Province and Kinomoto-cho in Omi Province to Nakasen-do Road.
Japanese: 北陸道：北国街道から加賀国金沢市、近江国木之本町を経て中山道に至る。
English: Hokkoku-kaido Road: It branched off at Oiwake-shuku on Nakasen-do Road and ran through Zenko-ji Temple to Takada city in Echigo Province.
Japanese: 北国街道：中山道追分宿から分かれ、善光寺を経て越後国高田市へ至る街道。
English: Mikuni-kaido Road: It branched off at Takasaki-shuku on Nakasen-do Road and ran to Teradomari-cho in Echigo Province or farther to Sado Province across the sea.
Japanese: 三国街道：中仙道高崎宿から分かれ、越後国寺泊町へ至り、佐渡国へ渡る街道。
English: The roads which ran from Edo to Sendai along the Pacific coast were called 'Rikuzenhama-kaido Road,' and among them the one which ran to Mito City, where one of three privileged branches of Tokugawa family was located, was occasionally called 'Mito-kaido Road.' 
Japanese: 江戸から仙台まで太平洋岸をたどる街道を総称して「陸前浜街道」といい、うち徳川御三家のひとつが置かれていた水戸市までを「水戸街道」と呼ぶ場合がある。
English: The name of Mito-kaido Road is now also used to refer to the part from Sumida Ward in Tokyo Prefecture to Mito on Route 6.
Japanese: 水戸街道という呼称は、現在は国道6号線の東京都墨田区から水戸までの部分の通称としても使われている。
English: Ushu-kaido Road: It started at Naka-kori-shuku and ran over Kosaka Pass and Kanayama Pass to Yamagata, Akita and Aomori. 
Japanese: 羽州街道：中桑折宿から小坂峠・金山峠を越えて山形、秋田、青森へ至る。
English: These were the road that ran from Shirakawa City in Mutsu Province to Sendai City and the one that ran from Sendai through Matsumae-cho (Hokkaido) to Hakodate City, and the most part of Route 4 covers the route of them.
Japanese: 陸奥国白河市から仙台市までと、仙台から松前町(北海道)を経て函館市に至る街道で、国道4号をほぼなぞる。
English: These roads were sometimes called 'Oshu-kaido Road' for descriptive purposes because they were on the extended route of Oshu-kaido Road.
Japanese: 奥州街道の延長路に当たるため、これらの街道も便宜的に奥州街道と呼称することもある。
English: It branched off Nakasen-do Road at Hongo-oiwake, ran via Iwabuchi-shuku and Iwatsuki Ward and joined Nikko-kaido Road at Satte City.
Japanese: 本郷追分で中山道から分かれ、岩淵宿や岩槻区を経由して幸手市で日光街道と合流する。
English: The travelers of this road could bypass such chokepoints as Suzuka Pass and Shichiri no Watashi on Tokai-do Road and Ota no Watashi on Nakasen-do Road.
Japanese: 東海道の鈴鹿峠・七里の渡し、中山道の太田の渡し等の難所を迂回することができた。
English: Yamato no kodo stands for the ancient paths in Japan that were constructed in Yamato Province and it includes the following:
Japanese: 大和の古道（やまとのこどう）とは、日本の古代道路のうち、大和国内に設置されたものをいい、以下のようなものがある。
English: They are called the Kami-kaido (Kamitsu Michi), Nakatsu Michi and the Naka-kaido (Shimotsu Michi).
Japanese: 上街道(上ツ道)（かみつみち）、中ツ道（なかつみち）、中街道(下ツ道)（しもつみち）。
English: The three roads stretch straight in a north-south direction in equal intervals of about 2,120m, and run parallel to each other in the order of Kamitsu Michi, Nakatsu Michi and Shimotsu Michi from east to west.
Japanese: 南北にまっすぐ通る三道は、ほぼ4里（一里＝531メートル、四里で約2120m）の等間隔をなしており、東から順に上ツ道、中ツ道、下ツ道と平行に並んでいる。
English: The date of construction is estimated to be in the mid 7th century, considering the description in the "Nihon Shoki" (Chronicles of Japan) at the part of June 653 in the era of the Emperor Kotoku, saying that they constructed big roads in several places.
Japanese: 三道の敷設年代については、『日本書紀』孝徳天皇の白雉4年(653)六月条に「処処の大道を脩治（つく）る」とあることなどを勘案して七世紀中ば頃に敷設されたと推定されている。
English: The three roads appear in the articles of the "Nihon Shoki" about battles at Jinshin War in the Nara Basin, which means the roads had already been constructed before the era of the Emperor Tenmu.
Japanese: また、『日本書紀』によれば、壬申の乱の奈良盆地での戦闘記事には、すでにこの三道の名が見えるので、天武天皇朝以前には完成していたことが知られる。
English: In the 7th century, there was a rush of construction of palaces, temples and residences of the nobles on the hills of Asuka Basin and its surrounding areas.
Japanese: 七世紀に飛鳥盆地や周辺の丘陵部で宮殿・寺院・貴族の邸宅の造営などが相次いで行われた。
English: Especially in the era governed by Saimei, a huge stone-made facility was constructed, made up of large stone buildings and mountains. 
Japanese: とりわけ斉明朝には、巨大な建築物や山をも取り込んで石造の巨大施設が作られていた。
English: Others suppose that these roads were constructed for military purposes, since the roads played important roles in battles including Jinshin War.
Japanese: また、壬申の等乱でこの三道が効果的によく用いられているところから、軍事用に作られたのではないか、とも推測されている。
English: Kamitsu Michi is an ancient road that starts from Sakurai City, goes up north along mountains at the eastern edge of the Nara Basin, runs through Tenri City and reaches the Sarusawa-ike Pond in the middle of Nara City.
Japanese: 上ツ道は桜井市から奈良盆地東端の山沿いを北上して、天理市を経て奈良市中部（猿沢池）に至る古道。
English: There is a supposition that this road connected Nishiyama Tumulus of the Mononobe clan and Hashihaka Tumulus in the south during the Kofun period (tumulus period).
Japanese: 古墳時代には物部氏の西山古墳と南では箸墓古墳を結んでいたのではないか。
English: At the southern end, the road crosses with Yokooji (Nara Prefecture) and connects to Yamada-michi Road that leads to Asuka.
Japanese: 南は桜井市仁王堂で横大路(奈良県)と交わり、更にその先は山田道を経て飛鳥へと通じている。
English: If extended southward, this road leads to 'Mt. Miha,' which is described in a poem in the "Manyoshu" (Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves; 13-3230).
Japanese: 南の延長線上に「ミハ山」があり、『万葉集』(13-3230)にも詠まれている。
English: The 'Mt. Miwa' can be considered as 'Kannabiyama' (the mountain where gods live), and a guide for Yoshino known as 'Kamioka.'
Japanese: その「ミワ山」が「神名火山」で、「神岳」である吉野に通ずる道しるべであるかも知れない。
English: It is said that the Emperor Tenmu, after escaping from the Omi Court, went to Shimanomiya (detached palace) in Yoshino via Nakatsu Michi.
Japanese: 近江朝廷を脱出した天武天皇は、この中ッ道を通って吉野の嶋宮に入ったと推測されている。
English: The traces of this road are unclear and interrupted, compared to those of other roads.
Japanese: 他の道に比べれば形跡はあまりはっきりと残っておらず、途切れがちな印象である。
English: Shimotsu Michi starts from Fujiwara-kyo (present-day Kashihara City), goes through the middle Nara Basin northbound and becomes Suzaku-oji Street in Heijo-kyo (present-day Nara City).
Japanese: 下ツ道は、藤原京（現・橿原市）の西京極から、奈良盆地の中央を北上し、平城京（現・奈良市）の朱雀大路となる。
English: The road goes south, brushing the western end of the moat around the Mise Maruyama Tumulus stretching from Ogaru-cho and Gojono-cho, Kashihara City.
Japanese: 橿原市大軽町と五条野町に跨る見瀬丸山古墳の周濠の西端をかすめて南進している。
English: Most of the part from Kashihara City to Tenri City corresponds to or runs parallel to the present-day Route 24.
Japanese: 橿原市から天理市にかけては、現在の国道24号線とだいたい合致・平行する。
English: There are two Yokooji; one is the road in an east-west direction starting from the southern area of Mt. Miwa in present-day Sakurai City to Mt. Nijo in Katsuragi City (Nara Prefecture and Osaka Prefecture) and the other is the road in an east-west direction starting from around Horyu-ji Temple in Ikaruga Town to Ichinomoto in Tenri City.
Japanese: 現在の桜井市の三輪山の南から葛城市の二上山(奈良県・大阪府)付近まで東西に設置された道と斑鳩町の法隆寺付近から天理市の櫟本まで東西に通っていた道がある。
English: As a general rule, Yokooji refers to the former one, and the latter is called Kita no Yoko-oji.
Japanese: 通常、横大路とは前者のことを指し、後者は「北の横大路」と区別される。
English: It is an almost straight kando (a road that is improved, managed and maintained by the Japanese nation) connecting the area around Horyu-ji Temple (Ikaruga Town) and Asuka (Asuka-mura).
Japanese: 法隆寺（斑鳩町）付近から飛鳥（明日香村）へほぼ一直線に結んでいたとされる官道。
English: The road was called Sujikaimichi Road (diagonal road) because it was oblique in the north-northwest to the south-southeast direction by about 20 degrees from the north-south line.
Japanese: 南北から北北西-南南東方向に約20度傾いて設置されているところから、筋違道と呼ばれた。
English: Another name of this road is 'Taishimichi,' as Prince Shotoku is supposed to have passed this road.
Japanese: また、聖徳太子が行き来したとされることから、「太子道」とも呼ばれた。
English: Yamanobe-no-michi Road threads the skirts of the mountains located in the east end of the Nara Basin, starting from the foot of Mt. Miwa at the southeast of the Basin to the foot of Mt. Kasuga standing by Mt. Wakakusa in the northeast.
Japanese: 奈良盆地の東南にある三輪山のふもとから東北部の若草山に並んでいる春日山のふもとまで、盆地の東端を山々の裾を縫うように通っているのが、山の辺の道（山辺の道、やまのべのみち）である。
English: The route of Yamanobe-no-michi Road has been slightly changing according to the traffic conditions of each era.
Japanese: 山辺の道の道程は、その時々の交通事情により少しずつ変化してきている。
English: The name of Yamanobe-no-michi Road is supposed to come from the descriptions in the "Kojiki" (Records of Ancient Matters) at the part of the Emperor Sujin saying that the tumulus was at the Magari hill in Yamanobe-no-michi and the part of Keiko saying that 'the tumulus was located along Yamanobe-no-michi.'
Japanese: 山辺の道の名称は、『古事記』では、崇神天皇の条「御陵は山辺の道のまがりの岡の上にあり」同じく景行紀には「御陵は山辺の道上にあり」とあり、これらに由来すると思われる。
English: It is also supposed that Yamanobe-no-michi Road connected the Furu Site and the Makimuku Site in late Yayoi period.
Japanese: この山の辺の道は、弥生時代後期には、布留遺跡と纏向遺跡を結ぶ道であったとも推測されている。
English: In present, the starting point of this road is Tsubaichi (also known as Tsubakinoichi).
Japanese: 現在のその道の起点は、海石榴市（つばいち、椿市つばきのいち）である。
English: In ancient times, the place was called Yaso no chimata (the ancient crossroad of Tsubaichi), and was located around the area of Odono, Sakurai City.
Japanese: 古代には、海石榴市の八十（ヤソ）の衢（ちまた）と称されたところで、桜井市粟殿（おおどの）を中心とした地域であった。
English: In 926 in the middle of the Heian period, the designated starting point was the area around Tsubakiichi kannon hall.
Japanese: 平安時代中期の926年（延長4）には椿市観音堂付近が起点の地になった。