nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In 1876, he was recommended by Toshimichi Okubo for serving for Kangyoryo (Industrial Agency) and played an active role in producing Japanese tea.
Japanese: 1876年に大久保利通の推挙により勧業寮に出仕し、製茶業務に従事した。
English: After that, he turned to be a businessman and played an important roll in establishing Sapporo Breweries Ltd., and then, he became a president of Toneunga (the Tone Canal) Corporation.
Japanese: その後は実業界に転じて、サッポロビールの設立に関与し、利根運河社長をつとめた。
English: Since the 1890's, he often attended meetings where the participants talked about historical incidents and some stories about the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate and Meiji Restoration told there have been handed down for generations.
Japanese: 明治30年代よりたびたび史談会に出席し、幕末維新期に関する談話を残している。
English: Chikara TACHIKAWA (1840? - January 22, 1903) born in Chikuzen Province was a member of the Shinsengumi (a special police force of the late shogunate period).
Japanese: 立川主税（たちかわちから、天保11年（1840年）?-明治36年（1903年）1月22日）は、筑前国出身の新選組隊士。
English: He was born in a fishing village, Kanezakiura Munakata County, Chikuzen Province (the land of Fukuoka Domain, Oaza Kanezaki, Genkai-cho, Munakata County, Fukuoka Prefecture which was later merged into Munakata City) as the son of Kiroku, a merchant.
Japanese: 天保11年（6年説あり）、筑前国宗像郡鐘崎浦（福岡藩領、福岡県宗像郡玄海町(福岡県)大字鐘崎、のち合併により宗像市）の漁村に、町人喜六の息子として生まれる。
English: After he was defeated in the Battle of Koshu Katsunuma and Isami KONDO turned himself up the new government in Nagareyama City, Shimousa Province, he went separate ways from Toshizo HIJIKATA, the deputy leader and headed for Aizu with Hajime SAITO (Jiro YAMAGUCHI) and Saisuke YASUTOMI.
Japanese: 甲州勝沼の戦いで敗退し、下総国流山市で近藤勇が新政府軍へ出頭した後は、副長土方歳三ともいったん別行動をとり、斎藤一（山口二郎）や安富才助らと共に会津へ向かう。
English: When Toshizo HIJIKATA was killed in Hakodate War, he was there and entrusted to deliver a letter to the Hijikata family from Saisuke YASUTOMI, rikugunbugyo soeyaku (a person who support the army leader conveying the command or giving instructions).
Japanese: 箱館戦争にて土方歳三の戦死に居合わせた立川は、陸軍奉行添役安富才助より土方家への手紙を託された。
English: He was confined in Kubota Domain and afterward, sent to Aomori in September 1869 and then, transferred to Hyobu sho, Tokyo Hyobu sho (the government agency in charge of military affairs) in November, and after that, he was confined in his hometown, Fukuoka Domain.
Japanese: 久保田藩預かりの身となり、明治2年（1869年）9月に青森、11月に東京兵部省兵部省(明治時代)へ送検され、その後は郷里福岡藩での預かりとなった。
English: After he was granted a pardon, he visited Hikogoro SATO who lived in Hino taking a collection of tanka (poems) paying a tribute to the memory of Toshizo HIJIKATA and a diary in his own handwriting with him.
Japanese: 赦免された立川は、土方歳三への追悼歌集や自筆の日記を携えて日野の佐藤彦五郎を訪ねた。
English: After that, he entered the Buddhist priesthood and entered Gankuzan Itoku-ji Temple, Soto sect located in Hatakura Village (present Otsuki City), Tsuru County, Yamanashi Prefecture on the recommendation of Ichidakusai SAITO, a former member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: その後仏門に入り、元新選組隊士斎藤一諾斎の勧めで山梨県都留郡畑倉村（現大月市）の曹洞宗岩空山威徳寺に入門。
English: In 1875, he served as the twelfth chief priest of Miyashitayama Saiho-ji Temple in Katsura Village, Tsuru County, in 1885, he served as the twenty-third chief priest of Koyozan Jizoin Temple in Kasugai Village (in the past, it was Kasugai-cho, at the present, it is Fuefuki City), Higashi Yamanashi County and then, in 1903, he died.
Japanese: 明治8年（1875年）、同郡桂村宮下山西方寺の12代目住職、明治18年(1885年)、東山梨郡春日居村（旧春日居町、現笛吹市）甲陽山地蔵院の23代目住職を勤め、明治36年（1903年）、死去。
English: At the Hakodate War, he was a close aide to Toshizo HIJIKATA and he held memorial services for the repose of HIJIKATA's soul for all his life.
Japanese: 箱館戦争時、土方歳三の側近を勤めていた立川は、終生土方の菩提を弔ったと言う。
English: His daughter, Haruko, built his grave in Jizoin Temple in September 1924.
Japanese: 立川の娘春子が大正13年（1924年）9月、地蔵院に立川の墓を建立した。
English: Yoshisuke KONDO (May 1843-July 5, 1922) was from Kunitomo Village, Omi Province and a member of the Shinsengumi
Japanese: 近藤芳助（こんどうよしすけ、天保14年（1843年）5月-大正11年（1922年）7月5日）は、江州国友村出身の新選組隊士。
English: In October 1864, he entered the Shinsengumi at the age of 22 in response to recruitment.
Japanese: 元治元年（1864年）10月、隊士募集に応じて22歳で新選組に入隊。
English: In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he got injured; however, he joined an army at the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma and participated in the Aizu War.
Japanese: 鳥羽伏見の戦いで負傷したが、甲州勝沼の戦いに従軍して、会津戦争に復帰。
English: Got separated from the main force of the Shinsengumi during the Battle of Bonari-toge, he reunited with Shinpachi NAGAKURA, who formed the Seikyotai (Seiheitai), and they went to the Yonezawa Domain together.
Japanese: 母成峠の戦いで新選組本隊とはぐれ、靖共隊を組織していた永倉新八と再会して、共に米沢藩に向かった。
English: When he was leaving for Ezochi (inhabited area of Ainu) after hearing of the crossing of Takeaki ENOMOTO, Toshizo HIJIKATA, and others, KONDO was captured by the new government army in the castle town of Yonezawa-jo Castle and sent to Edo.
Japanese: 榎本武揚・土方歳三らの蝦夷地渡航を伝え聞いて、同じく蝦夷地へ向かわんとしていたところ、米沢城下で新政府軍に捕まり江戸へ送られる。
English: During the questioning by the new government, he did not reveal that he was a member of the Shinsengumi, saying that he was just a Shogun's retainer.
Japanese: 新政府の訊問では、新選組隊士である事は明かさずに、単に幕臣であるとした。
English: He started working as a lawyer in Minami Ota-cho, Sumiyosi Town, Yokohama, and assumed office as a prefectural governor in 1887.
Japanese: 横浜住吉町、南大田町で弁護士をはじめ、明治20年（1887年）、県令議員に就任。
English: Honinbo Shuei (November 1, 1852 - February 10, 1907) was an Igo (board game of capturing territory) player in the Edo and Meiji periods, also known as Shuei HAYASHI the 13th, Honinbo the 17th and the 19th, and a Meijin (master)(Igo).
Japanese: 本因坊秀栄（ほんいんぼうしゅうえい、嘉永5年9月20日(旧暦)（1852年11月1日）-明治40年（1907年）2月10日）は江戸時代・明治の囲碁棋士(囲碁)、十三世林秀栄、十七世、十九世本因坊、名人(囲碁)。
English: He succeeded the Hayashi family (Igo) the 13th, but returned to the Honinbo family to oppose to Hoensha, succeeded Honinbo the 17th in the 5th dan (qualification of rank) level and extinguished the Hayashi family.
Japanese: 林家(囲碁)十三世を継ぐが、方円社に対抗するため本因坊家に復帰、五段で十七世を継ぎ、林家を絶家とした。
English: He was praised as the Master of the masters in the second half of the Meiji period and his transpicuous Igo style is highly evaluated even in the present age.
Japanese: 明治後半において名人中の名人と謳われ、その平明な棋風は現代でも高く評価される。
English: In 1862, he was adopted by Hakueimonnyu HAYASHI the 12th, and changed the name to Shuei HAYASHI at the age of 11.
Japanese: 1862年(文久2年)、11歳で十二世林柏栄門入の養子となり、林秀栄と改名。
English: Hakuei died in 1864, but Shuei kept his death secret and submitted a request to inherit the family estate in the following 1865, then the family estate was allowed to him in the 3rd dan level at the age of 16 in 1867, and thereby he became the 13th of Hayashi family.
Japanese: 1864年(元治元年)柏栄死去し、その死を伏せたままで翌1865年に家督願いを出し、1867年(慶応3年)に16歳三段で家督を許されて、林家十三世となる。
English: In 1868, Shuei asked for a promotion to the 4th dan level at the age of 17 with the consent of Honinbo and the Yasui family, but Matsumotoinseki INOUE opposed this and designated Tetsujiro KOBAYASHI, his disciple, as the opponent of Sogo (official challenge match).
Japanese: 1868年(明治元年)17歳の時に本因坊、安井家の同意で四段昇段を求めたが、井上松本因碩がこれに反対し、争碁の相手として門人の小林鉄次郎を指名した。
English: Shuei demanded to match up with Inseki as the family head of the Hayashike, but was rejected, and therefore three families approved the fourth dan level to Shuei and also decided not to ask the consent on the dan promotion to Inseki who had previously caused similar problems.
Japanese: 秀栄は林家当主として因碩との対戦を求めたが応じなかったため、三家にて秀栄の四段を認め、またかねてから同種の問題を起こしていた因碩には昇段の同意を求めないこととなった。
English: In 1869, he inaugurated a study group 'Rokuninkai' (six-people society) with Honinbo Shuetsu, Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA, and others.
Japanese: 1869年(明治2年)、本因坊秀悦、中川亀三郎らと研究会「六人会」を発足。
English: In 1870, he played Jubango (10 game match) against Showa ITO the 7th dan level (Shuei, Sen [playing 1st in all 3 matches]), 7 wins, 2 losses, and 1 draw.
Japanese: 1870年(明治3年)伊藤松和七段と十番碁を打ち（秀栄先）、7勝2敗1ジゴ。
English: From 1872 until he became 24 years old, Shuei toured the Mino, Owari, and Ise Provinces and the Keihan (Kyoto and Osaka) area with Honinbo Shuho who had been alienated from the Honinbo family.
Japanese: 翌1872年(明治5年)から24歳まで、本因坊家とは疎遠になっていた本因坊秀甫とともに美濃国、尾張国、伊勢国、京阪を遊歴。
English: In 1876, he played 10 matches against Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA, 20 matches against Tetsujiro KOBAYASHI, and 10 matches against Hosaku FUJITA, in which he performed Josen (the same as sen above) to Kobayashi.
Japanese: 1876年(明治9年)、中川亀三郎と十番碁、小林鉄次郎と二十番碁、藤田方策と十番碁を打ち、小林には定先に打ち込む。
English: In 1877, his foster mother died and a relative succeeded the family name, and thereby, Shuei began to bear the continuance of the Hayashi family as an Igo family.
Japanese: 1877年(明治10年)養母が亡くなると、親戚の者が家名を継ぐこととなり、秀栄は碁家としての林家を存続を担う。
English: In 1879, Hoensha was inaugurated as an Igo study group mainly by Shuho MURASE the seventh dan level and Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA, who were the leading authority of the Igo world at that time.
Japanese: 1879年(明治12年)、当時の棋界の第一人者だった村瀬秀甫七段と中川亀三郎六段が中心となり、方円社が囲碁研究会として発会される。
English: In commemoration of this, Shuei participated in the Hoensha opening commemoration match with the Igo players of the head family side including Sanei YASUI, the fifth dan level.
Japanese: これを記念した方円社発会記念対局に、秀栄も安井算英五段などの家元側の棋士とともに参加した。
English: Soon after that, however, Shuei began to act repulsively against Hoensha's way not appreciating the authority of the head family, and withdrew from Hoensha to counteract Hoensha and Shuho MURASE.
Japanese: しかしほどなくして、家元の権威を認めない方円社のやり方に、秀栄らは強く反発し方円社を脱会、方円社と村瀬秀甫に対抗するようになった。
English: In the end of September, Shuei deprived the dan levels of the disciples who became the employees of Hoensha by conspiring with Honinbo Shugen the 16th and Inseki INOUE, which made the confrontation decisive.
Japanese: 9月下旬、秀栄は、十六世本因坊秀元、井上因碩らと謀り、方円社の社員となっていた門下の段位を剥奪し、対立は決定的になった。
English: In 1884, Shuei abolished the Hayashi family and forced Honinbo Shugen retire, then returned to the Honinbo family and called himself Honinbo Shuei the 17th.
Japanese: 1884年(明治17年)、林家を廃絶し、本因坊秀元を隠居させて本因坊家に復帰し、十七世本因坊秀栄を名乗る。
English: He asked Shojiro GOTO to act as intermediary for the reconciliation with Hoensha recommended by Kaoru INOUE and Gyokukin KIN and others, then on December 21, Shuei started 10 matches with Shuho MURASE, in Shuei's sen.
Japanese: 井上馨、金玉均らの勧めで後藤象二郎に方円社と仲介を依頼、12月21日、村瀬秀甫と秀栄先での十番碁を開始。
English: In July 30, 1886, Shuei reconciled with Hoensha and officially approved the eighth dan level to Honinbo Shuho, and at the same time he transferred the title of Honinbo to Shuho and called himself Shuei TSUCHIYA.
Japanese: 1886年（明治19年）、7月30日、方円社と和解して、本因坊秀甫の八段を正式に認め、同時に本因坊を秀甫に譲って、自らは土屋秀栄を名乗る。
English: Immediately after that, however, Shuho died on October 14, and Shuei asked Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA for Sogo (official challenge match) to succeed the title of Honinbo but was declined, and therefore Shuei succeeded the Honinbo family again to be Honinbo the 19th.
Japanese: しかし直後の10月14日に秀甫が没し、秀栄は中川亀三郎に本因坊位継承のための争碁を申し込むが断られ、再び本因坊家を継いで十九世本因坊となる。
English: He inaugurated 'Igo Shorei Kai' (Nihonbashi Club Shorei Kai) (encouragement society) in 1892.
Japanese: 1892年（明治25年）、「囲碁奨励会（日本橋倶楽部奨励会）」を発足。
English: Later Honinbo Shuya who had been expelled from Hoensha became a disciple, and this Shorei Kai lasted until 1894.
Japanese: 後に方円社を除名されていた本因坊秀哉が入門するなどし、1894年まで続いた。
English: Shugen TSUCHIYA, as well as young Igo players of Hoensha including Junichi KARIGANE, gathered one after another at Shuei who made remarkable progress.
Japanese: 進境著しい秀栄の元には土屋秀元などの他、雁金準一を始め方円社の若手棋士もこぞって参加した。
English: In 1904, Shishokai ended and the establishment of 'Nihon Igo Kai' (Japan Igo Association) was promoted by the intercession of Yoshijiro YANO at Jiji Shinpo (a daily newspaper publishing company), and in commemoration of the preparation of its establishment, Shuei fought against Yasuhisa TAMURA (Sen) in two matches and won both, which was his last Igo match.
Japanese: 1904年(明治37年)、四象会が終了し、時事新報の矢野由次郎の斡旋で「日本囲棋会」の設立が進められ、その設立準備会記念碁として秀栄と田村保寿（先）の二番碁が行われて秀栄が2連勝、これが秀栄最後の勝負碁となった。
English: The Nihon Igo Kai was established in the following 1905, including honorary members such as Sutejiro FUKUZAWA, Tsuyoshi INUKAI, Eichi SHIBUSAWA, Hisaya IWASAKI, Ryohei TOYOKAWA, and Tamiko TAKEDA.
Japanese: 日本囲棋会は翌1905年に設立され、名誉会員には福沢捨次郎、犬養毅、渋沢栄一、岩崎久弥、豊川良平、高田民子らがいた。
English: In 1906, other than when Tamura kept Josen, Shuei beat other Igo players under Sen ni (handicap matches), and was promoted to the ninth dan level and also appointed to the Master.
Japanese: 1906年（明治39年）、田村が定先を保っていた以外、他の棋士を先二以下に打ち込み、推されて九段昇段、名人就位。
English: He was confined to bed due to influenza from December of the preceding year, and died at the age of 56 in February 10, 1907.
Japanese: 1907年（明治40年）、前年12月から流行感冒に伏せ、2月10日享年56で没す。
English: Shuya was the strongest player among Shuei's disciples, but it is said that Shuei disliked Shuya due to his miserly attitude, and intended to put up Junichi KARIGANE as his successor.
Japanese: 秀栄門下の最強者は秀哉であったが、秀栄は金銭に汚いなどの理由で秀哉を嫌っており、雁金準一を後継者に立てる意向があったといわれる。
English: However, Shuei died before appointing his successor, so the confusion occurred over the status of Honinbo.
Japanese: しかし秀栄は後継者を指名することなく死去し、本因坊位をめぐって混乱が起きた。
English: After all, it was sorted out by Shugen, Shuei's younger brother, who succeeded the 20th for the time being and transferred it to Shuya one year later.
Japanese: 結局弟の秀元がいったん二十世を継ぎ、一年後に秀哉に譲る形で事態を収拾している。
English: 1876 to 1877: 20 matches against Tetsujiro KOBAYASHI (Tagai-sen, 6-2-1 up to the 9th match, Kobayashi, Sen ai sen, 7-2-1 up to the 18th match, Kobayashi, Josen), 13-5-2
Japanese: 1876-77年小林鉄次郎二十番碁（互先、9局目まで6-2-1で小林先相先、18局まで7-2-1で小林定先）13-5-2
English: 1898: The 2nd 10 matches against Sanei YASUI (Sanei, Sen, 4-0 up to the 4th match, Sen ni sen [1st move in 2 matches and a two-stone-handicap in 1 match]), 8-2
Japanese: 1898年第2次安井算英十番碁（算英先、4局目まで4-0で先二先）8-2
English: After 1926, Honinbo Shusai told that 'even now Master Shuei would beat me even if I played Sen ai sen.'
Japanese: 昭和になって本因坊秀哉は「秀栄先生には、今でも先相先は打たれるでしょう」と語った。
English: "Inukai Bokudo den" (biography of Bokudo INUKAI) describes that Shuei was a close friend of those politicians including Tsuyoshi INUKAI and Toshimichi OKUBO.
Japanese: 政治家では犬養毅、大久保利通と親しかったことが、『犬養木堂伝』に記されている。
English: Shuei was close to Gyokukin KIN, who had fled from Korea to Japan, and visited to console him when Kin was exiled to the Ogasawara Islands and Hokkaido.
Japanese: 朝鮮から日本に亡命していた金玉均とは交友が深く、金が小笠原諸島や北海道に流された際にもその地を訪ねて慰めた。
English: He was considerably supported by Tamiko TAKADA for Shishokai and others, but disconnected from the Takada family due to the improper manners of Chikucho NOZAWA, his disciple who trained other disciples as his proxy, and therefore the management of Shishokai came in trouble.
Japanese: 四象会などにおいて高田民子に大きな援助を受けていたが、代稽古に遣っていた門下の野沢竹朝の不作法を咎められたことで高田家と縁を切り、四象会運営は苦しくなった。
English: In the scene (see the figure) when Shuei was challenged how to handle five stones in the left side, his spectacular move has been passed down that he made the third white, and two stones taken by the opponent, to three stones from Hane (putting a stone crossly) of the first white.
Japanese: 左辺5子のサバキを問われた場面、白1のハネ(囲碁)から白3と取られている2子を3子にしたのが語り伝えられる秀栄の妙手。
English: Moreover, for Tsugi (connecting not to be cut) of 'c' towards the third white, he performed Watari (connecting own stones) for the white 'e,' black 'a,' white 'f,' black 'g,' and white 'h.'
Japanese: また白3に対してcのツギなら、白e、黒a、白f、黒g、白hとワタリ(囲碁)しまう。
English: Tamura of the black stones had to perform Ate (doing above Watari) with 'e' and throw away upper three stones, and white five stones which were in a trouble could proudly return.
Japanese: 黒の田村はeとアテて上の3子を捨てる他なく、ピンチの白5子は大威張りで生還することとなった。
English: This spectacular move is famous in Igo history and also Shuei's playing style up to there was also highly evaluated.
Japanese: 囲碁史上に残る妙手として有名だが、ここに至るまでの秀栄の打ち回しにも評価が高い。
English: "Setting Moves in Igo, New Technique of Igo," Okura Shoten (publisher), 1894 (Shuei's instruction manual for Fuseki [preparation] from Nine stones to Tagai-sen)
Japanese: 『定石囲碁新法』大倉書店1894年（九子から互先までの布石の秀栄による解説書）
English: "Igo Shorei Zasshi" (encouragement magazine), Igo Shorei Kai, 1892 - Unknown (published the Igo matches of Igo Shorei Kai)
Japanese: 『囲棋奨励雑誌』囲碁奨励会1892年-不明（囲碁奨励会の対局譜を掲載）
English: Master Shuei Kifu (record of Igo matches) Preservation Society, "Complete Works of Shuei," Ono Banzai Kan (publisher), 1911 (recorded 256 Igo matches, chief editor Honinbo Shuei, reprinted in 1922)
Japanese: 名人秀栄棋譜保存会『秀栄全集』大野万歳館1911年（棋譜256局を収録、編集主任本因坊秀哉、1922年再版）
English: Honinbo Shuho (1838 - October 14, 1886) was an Igo (board game of capturing territory, also called Go) player from the Edo to the Meiji period.
Japanese: 本因坊秀甫（ほんいんぼうしゅうほ、天保9年（1838年）-明治19年（1886年）10月14日）は江戸時代から明治にかけての囲碁棋士_(囲碁)。
English: He founded Hoensha, an Igo organization, and supported the Igo world in the Meiji period which had lost patronage from the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and made the first step to spread and popularize Igo in Western Europe.
Japanese: 江戸幕府の庇護がなくなった明治期に囲碁結社方円社を主宰して囲碁界を支え、さらに西欧にまで広める端緒をつくった。
English: Probably due to such situation, he allegedly worked so hard and did any household tasks since he became an uchideshi (disciple boarding in the home of his master), waking up earlier than anybody else and staying up late at night to study Go.
Japanese: そのためか内弟子になってからは家事万端よく働き、朝は一番に起きて夜は遅くまで碁の勉強に励んだという。
English: When Shuho was 17 years old in 1854, he became 4-dan and served as jukuto (school manager) to take over Saichiro KISHIMOTO as he returned to his hometown.
Japanese: 嘉永7年(1854年)17歳で四段となり、この年に本因坊塾頭の岸本左一郎帰郷により、代わって塾頭を勤める。
English: In 1855, he accompanied Shuwa on the trip to Mino Province, Kyoto and Osaka Prefecture and was given the rank equivalent to 5-dan.
Japanese: 安政2年、秀和の美濃国、京都、大阪府への旅行に随伴し、五段格を与えられる。
English: In 1861 he became 6-dan and took the tonsure to prepare himself for participating in the oshirogo (castle game of Go), but he never had a chance to do so because the oshirogo was discontinued from the following year.
Japanese: 文久元年(1861年)六段、剃髪して御城碁に備えるが、翌年から御城碁は行われなくなり、出仕する機会を得なかった。
English: When Shusaku died in 1862, most people thought that Shuho would succeed him because he was the best among the Hoinbo disciples, but the widow of Honinbo Jowa, Seiko, strongly objected it and 14-year-old Honinbo Shuetsu, Shuwa's first son, became the heir in 1863.
Japanese: 文久2年に秀策が死去し、門下実力第一の秀甫が後継と見られていたが、文久3年に本因坊丈和未亡人・勢子の抗議により秀和の長男で14歳の本因坊秀悦が跡目とされる。
English: Shuho became eligible for the entry to the oshirogo; however, it was called off due to the upheaval at the end of the Edo period.
Japanese: 御城碁への参加資格を得るが、この年から幕末動乱のため御城碁は中止となった。
English: He lost a hope for the future, as his succession of the Honinbo was denied; wondered around the Echigo Province and neighboring regions, thus often being away from Edo.
Japanese: 跡目の道を絶たれ、望みを失くした秀甫は越後国方面に遊歴に出て、江戸には不在であることが多くなった。
English: In 1871 he returned to Edo and played eight games on Sen ai sen against Shuwa, resulting in Shuho's five wins and three losses.
Japanese: 明治4年(1871年)帰京して秀和と先相先で8局対局し、秀甫の5勝3敗となる。
English: In 1872 he, together with Honinbo Shuei, traveled Mino, Owari and Ise Provinces and Osaka.
Japanese: 明治5年、本因坊秀栄とともに美濃国、尾張国、伊勢国、大阪を遊歴する。
English: In 1879 Kamesaburo NAKAGAWA planned to launch a study group named Hoensha, together with Honinbo Shuetsu, Sanei YASUI, Inseki INOUE and Shuei HAYASHI among others, so Shuho accepted their request and returned from Echigo to join them and he became the president.
Japanese: 明治12年(1879年)、中川亀三郎が本因坊秀悦、安井算英、井上因碩、林秀栄らとともに研究会方円社発足を計画し、秀甫はその要請に従って越後より帰京してこれに参加、社長となる。
English: Shuho's reviews on the kifu (Go game record) appeared on 'Igo Shinpo' published by Hoensha every month.
Japanese: 方円社が毎月発行した「囲棋新報」に掲載される棋譜には秀甫の評が付けられた。
English: After the each Iemoto (the head family of Go school) had withdrawn from Hoensha, Hoensha started to issue its original menjo (diploma) and changed from dan-i ranking system to kyu-i ranking system in 1880.
Japanese: 方円社では各家元が脱退して独自の免状を発行するようになり、明治13年に段位制から級位制に移行していた。
English: Around that time Shuho had beaten other kishi (professional Go players) down to Sen or further handicaps and advanced to 2-kyu (8-dan) with the recommendation by all members of Hoensha.
Japanese: この時期秀甫は他の棋士を先以下に打ち込んでおり、明治14年に方円社全員の推薦により2級（八段）へ進んだ。
English: After that, only Nuiji MIZUTANI proceeded to play against Shuho on Sen ai sen, but died young in 1884.
Japanese: その後には水谷縫次がただ一人秀甫に先相先に進むが、明治17年に夭逝した。
English: Shuho taught Go to a German railroad engineer, Oskar KORSCHELT, which became the beginning of the popularization of Go in the West.
Japanese: またドイツ人の鉄道技師オスカー・コルセルトに碁の指南をして西洋へ碁を広めるきっかけを作った。
English: In 1886, Shuei officially approved Shuho being 8-dan at the same time he stepped aside to make him to the Honinbo, thus Shuho became the 18th Honinbo Shuho.
Japanese: 明治19年に秀栄は秀甫の八段を正式に認めて、同時に本因坊を秀甫に譲り、秀甫は18世本因坊秀甫となる。
English: Although Shuho had such an excellent reputation that Chomin NAKAE regarded him as 'one of the 31 distinguished people in the modern time' in his book "Ichinen Yuhan" (One and a Half Year Left), he was less known to the public, compared with the grand masters such as Honinbo Dosaku, Shuwa, Shusaku and Shuei, and his life was not totally fortunate in spite of that he was the leading player of the time.
Japanese: 秀甫は中江兆民『一年有半』で「近代非凡人三十一人」に数えられるほどの名声を得ていたが、本因坊道策・秀和・秀策・秀栄といった史上の大名人たちに比べると知名度は低く、時の第一人者でありながらその生涯は決して恵まれたものではなかった。
English: His master, Shuwa, gave high praise for him, saying that 'Even if Shusaku had lived long enough to the Meiji period, Shuho would probably have had an advantage over Shusaku.'
Japanese: 師の秀和は「秀策が明治まで長生きしていたとしても、おそらく秀甫に分があっただろう」と極めて高く評価している。
English: Even in today's Igo World, not a few people including Akira ISHIDA regard Shuho being on par with these grand masters.
Japanese: 現代囲碁界でも石田章など、秀甫をこれら大名人の列に連なる実力者と見る者は少なくない。
English: Taisuke INOUE (January 19, 1858-February 10, 1927) was a member of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 井上泰助（いのうえたいすけ、安政4年12月5日(旧暦)（1858年1月19日）－昭和2年（1927年）2月10日）は、新選組隊士。
English: The Boshin War broke out shortly after the Taisei Hokan (transfer of power back to the Emperor) and the Restoration of Imperial Rule, and his uncle Genzaburo died in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi.
Japanese: まもなく、大政奉還、王政復古の令を経て戊辰戦争が勃発し、叔父源三郎が鳥羽・伏見の戦いで戦死。
English: Shuzo AOKI (March 3, 1844-February 16, 1914) was a diplomat and a statesman during the Meiji and Taisho era.
Japanese: 青木周藏（あおきしゅうぞう、1844年3月3日（天保15年1月15日(旧暦)）-1914年2月16日）は明治、大正期の外交官、政治家。
English: At the age of 22, he was adopted by Kenzo AOKI (1815-1870) who was the director of Meirinkan Koseido (a medical institute) and later became the chief imperial doctor, and Danshichi became shizoku (warrior class).
Japanese: 22歳の時、明倫館好生堂（医学所）館長で後の宮廷大典医となる青木研蔵（1815-1870）の養子となって士族となった。
English: Kenzo AOKI was the younger brother of Shusuke AOKI (1803-1863), who was the court physician of the Takachika MORI and conducted the vaccination for the first time in Japan.
Japanese: 青木研蔵は、毛利敬親の侍医で日本で初めて種痘を行った蘭学者青木周弼（1803-1863）の弟であった。
English: After studying at Meirinkan, he learned medical science in Nagasaki, then went to Germany to study medical science as an overseas student of his domain in 1868.
Japanese: 明倫館で学んだ後、長崎での医学修行を経て、1868年藩留学生としてドイツ留学。
English: In 1872 he became the representative of the overseas students in North Germany and aroused much controversy by intervening in the decision of the major subjects of the students in Germany.
Japanese: 1872年、北ドイツ留学生総代となり在独留学生の専攻科目決定に介入し物議をかもす。
English: Aoki's true intention was to appeal the necessity of decentralizing the major subjects for the modernization of Japan.
Japanese: 青木の真意は日本近代化には、専攻を分散することの必要を説くことだった。
English: With Aoki's recommendation, some people succeeded by specializing in the areas of forest industry, paper manufacturing, beer brewing and manufacturing carpets (thick woolen carpets).
Japanese: 青木の推奨もあって、林業、製紙、ビール、製絨（羅紗絨毯）などの分野へ特化して成功した人物も出た。
English: He made strenuous efforts to negotiate on the revision of the treaty with the Britain to abolish the counselor jurisdiction.
Japanese: 対英条約改正交渉を行い駐英公使として領事裁判権撤廃の条約改正に奮闘した。
English: Aoki's plan to revise the treaty was, unlike the conventional ones at the time, to aim 'taito goi' (agreement on equal basis), (not adopting foreign judges to the Daishin-in (Predecessor of the Supreme Court of Japan), and not admitting the possession of real estate by foreigners unless the counselor jurisdiction was abolished were specified).
Japanese: 青木の条約改正案は従来のものと異なり治外法権に関して「対等合意」(外国人裁判官の大審院への不採用、外国人不動産は領事裁判権を撤廃しない限り認めないことを明記）を目指した。