nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Yakahito, priestly Imperial Prince Ninnajinomiya Shujo, Princess Tsuneko (Senju-ji Enyu wife) and Sonryo OFUNA (大舟尊梁) (head priest of Kosho-in Temple) were his children.
Japanese: 王子女に京極宮家仁親王の他、仁和寺宮守恕入道親王、常子女王（専修寺円猷室）、大舟尊梁（光照院門跡）がいる。
English: Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Yakahito (May 4, 1704 - January 25, 1768) was a Japanese Imperial family member in the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 京極宮家仁親王（きょうごくのみややかひとしんのう、宝永元年4月1日（1704年5月4日）-明和4年12月6日（1768年1月25日））は江戸時代中期の日本の皇族。
English: He became Emperor Higashiyama's adopted child in December 1708 and was given the name of Chachamaru.
Japanese: 宝永5年（1708年）12月東山天皇の猶子となり、茶々丸（ちゃちゃまる）の名を賜る。
English: His Princes and Proncesses are Imperial Prince Kyogokunomiya Kinhito, priestly Imperial Prince Chioninnomiya Sonpo, priestly Imperial Prince Ichijoinnomiya Sonei, Princess Toyoko (Yoriyuki ARIMA's Empress).
Japanese: 王子女に京極宮公仁親王の他、知恩院宮尊峰入道親王、一乗院宮尊映入道親王、豊子女王（有馬頼僮室）などがいる。
English: (1351 - December 9, 1416) was Japanese Imperial family member during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts and the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 観応2年/正平6年（1351年）-応永23年11月20日（1416年12月9日））は、南北朝時代、室町時代の日本の皇族。
English: He received title of Imperial Prince in the New Year of 1368, and was named Yoshihito.
Japanese: 応安元年/正平23年（1368年）正月親王宣下を受け、栄仁と命名される。
English: His father, the Grand Emperor Suko wished Imperial Prince Yoshihito to succeed to the throne, who was the first Prince within the successors of the Jimyoin Imperial line.
Japanese: 父帝崇光太上天皇は、持明院統嫡流として第一皇子である栄仁親王の即位を念願していた。
English: However the Imperial line was separated into a few different ones such as the retired Emperor Suko's line of the Northern Court and Emperor Gokogon's line who was Emperor Suko's younger brother during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
Japanese: しかし、皇統が南北朝時代_、さらには北朝自体が崇光上皇、栄仁親王の系統と崇光天皇の弟である後光厳天皇の系統に分立するなど、
English: After the retired Emperor Suko died in the New Year of 1398, Imperial Prince Yoshihito lost his powerful political supporter and went into the priesthood in May 1398.
Japanese: 応永5年（1398年）正月崇光上皇が崩御され、最大の後ろ盾を失った栄仁親王は、同年5月出家した。
English: He then moved to Fushimi-dono Palace in December 1399, however it was burnt down (1401) and the Prince moved to Koonin in Saga (Kyoto City).
Japanese: 応永6年（1399年）12月伏見殿に移るが、応永8年（1401年）伏見殿が火事で焼け落ち、嵯峨(京都市)洪恩院に移る。
English: In 1403 the Prince moved to Arisugawa mountain villa (Arisugawa-dono Palace) and named it Arisugawa dono.
Japanese: 応永10年（1403年）には有栖川山荘（有栖川殿）に移り、有栖川殿と称する。
English: Although the Prince had to wander around different places, in June 1409 he moved back to Fushimi, where the Imperial estate of successive Imperial generations was called Fushimi dono.
Japanese: 遍歴を余儀なくされた親王であるが、応永16年（1409年）6月に皇室累代の禁裏御料である伏見に戻り、伏見殿と称されるようになる。
English: The Prince's Imperial estate was successively passed to his descendants from generation to generation after that, it became the origin of Fushiminomiya.
Japanese: 親王の伏見御料は、以後子孫相次いで伝領され、これが伏見宮の起源となる。
English: He had many talents in art such as Biwa (a four-stringed Japanese lute), a sho (a wind instrument composed of a mouthpiece and seventeen bamboo pipes of various lengths), waka poems, and established the origin for the Fushiminomiyha family to start music as their family business.
Japanese: また、栄仁親王は、琵琶、笙、和歌など諸芸能に堪能で、伏見宮家が楽道を家業とする起源を作った。
English: Prince Fushiminomiya Haruhito (1370 - February 28, 1417) was a Japanese Imperial family member during the period of the Northern and Southern Court and the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 伏見宮治仁王（ふしみのみやはるひとおう　建徳元年/応安3年（1370年）-応永24年2月12日（1417年2月28日））は、南北朝時代、室町時代の日本の皇族。
English: After his father, Imperial Prince Yoshihito died in November 1416, he succeeded to Miyake (house of an imperial prince) however, he died after a few months.
Japanese: 応永23年（1416年）11月に父栄仁親王が薨去すると宮家を相続するが、わずか数ヶ月で急逝した。
English: Prince Sadafusa who succeeded to his older brother, Prince Haruhito, was under the suspicion of killing his brother with poison, but he was released since the Retired Emperor Gokomatsu and the fourth Shogun Yoshimochi ASHIKAGA did a favor and made an alibi for Prince Sadafusa.
Japanese: このため治仁王の跡を継いだ貞成王に兄を毒殺した嫌疑がかけられたが、後小松上皇や4代将軍足利義持への弁明が功を奏して安堵を受けている。
English: There is a common theory that Prince Haruhito was Imperial Prince Yoshihito's older brother, however there is another theory that it was recorded by mistake, and Prince Haruhito was Imperial Prince Sadafusa's younger brother.
Japanese: なお、治仁王は貞成親王の兄であるというのが通説であるが、それは享年の書き誤りであって貞成親王の弟とする説もある。
English: Takayuki HARADA "Koi no Jubaku" (the Spell of the Throne) (Sobunsha, 2006) ISBN 4794705360
Japanese: 原田隆之『皇位の呪縛』（叢文社、2006年）ISBN4794705360
English: Imperial Princess Yoshiko (March 11, 1779 - August 11, 1846) was a member of the Imperial family member during the Edo period.
Japanese: 欣子内親王（よしこないしんのう、安永8年1月24日（1779年3月11日）-弘化3年6月20日（1846年8月11日））は、江戸時代の皇族。
English: After her mother, Koreko died, she was brought up by her father's grandmother, Tomiko ICHIJO (Kyoraimonin), who became her foster mother.
Japanese: 母維子の没後は父方の祖母にあたる一条富子（恭礼門院）を養母とし、その手元で養育された。
English: Her father, Emperor Gomomozono died in the year when the Princess was born, since the Emperor had no other children, but Imperial Princess Yoshiko, the Imperial throne was succeeded by Sachinomiya Morohito (later called Emperor Kokaku), who was the sixth Prince of Kaninnomiya Imperial Prince Sukehito of the collateral line after he was welcomed (adopted) into the Imperial family.
Japanese: 誕生の年に父後桃園天皇が没するが、天皇には欣子内親王の他に子女がなかったため、皇位は傍系の閑院宮閑院宮典仁親王の第六皇子、祐宮師仁（のちの光格天皇）を迎えて継承された。
English: At this time, it was planned for Imperial Princess Yoshiko to make an Imperial Consort's bridal entry for the new Emperor into the court to keep the Imperial blood line for Imperial succession, since she was the only person who had Emperor Nakamikado's blood line, therefore, it was said Sachinomiya Morohito who was not married, was chosen as the new Emperor.
Japanese: この際、皇統の連続性を示すため、中御門天皇直系の血を受け継ぐ唯一の皇女であった欣子内親王の新天皇への入内を計画されており、この観点から未婚の祐宮師仁が選定されたとも言われている。
English: In December 1781, one year after the Princess was born, she received title as Imperial Princess, and also received the rank of Jisango (one of the official ranks for Imperial family and court nobles during the Heian period) by the Emperor in December 1794, she then made an Imperial consort's bridal entry into court on 31 March, 1794.
Japanese: 誕生の翌年、安永9年（1781年）12月に内親王宣下、寛政5年（1794年）12月に准三后宣下を経て、翌寛政6年3月1日（1794年3月31日）に入内。
English: By the way it was indeed the first time for the Imperial Princess to be officially appointed as Chugu in four hundred and sixty years, since Emperor Godaigo's Chugu, Imperial Princess Junshi (Emperor Gofushimi's first Princess, Shinmuromachiin)
Japanese: ちなみに、内親王の中宮立后は後醍醐天皇の中宮珣子内親王（後伏見天皇の第一皇女、新室町院）以来実に460年ぶりのことであった。
English: In January 1800, six years after the Princess made an Imperial consort's bridal entry into the court, she gave birth to the third Prince, Imperial Prince Atsuhito.
Japanese: 入内して6年後の寛政12年（1800年）1月に、第三皇子温仁親王を出産。
English: Due to the Prince's death, instead, it was decided for Tenji (Naishinosuke) (a court lady of the first rank), Higashikyogokuin's fourth Prince, Yutanomiya Ayahito to become Crown Prince in July 1807, the Princess announced Yutanomiya as her own son at this time.
Japanese: そのため、代わって文化(元号)4年（1807年）7月に典侍東京極院所生の第四皇子、寛宮恵仁（のちの仁孝天皇）が儲君となることとなったが、その際、寛宮を自身の実子として公称した。
English: After that she again gave birth to the seventh Prince, Imperial Prince Toshihito in January 1816, however the young Prince also died when he was just six years old in February 1821, due to this, the Imperial succession from Emperor Nakamikado finally discontinued.
Japanese: その後、文化13年（1816年）1月に再び第七皇子悦仁親王を出産するが、こちらも文政4年（1821年）2月に6歳で夭折し、これにより、中御門天皇からの皇統は完全に途絶えてしまうこととなった。
English: By the way, there was an article in "Omoinomama no ki" that the Princess had mental problem and once she wondered around and went out of the Palace, Gosakuramachiin (the Retired Emperor Gosakuramachi) was furious about this.
Japanese: なお、心の病によって御所をさまよい出て、後桜町院の怒りに触れたという記事が『思ひのままの記』に見える。
English: After two years of Emperor Kokaku's enthronement, the Prince became Empress Dowager in March 1820, she then entered into the priesthood in January 1841 when the Emperor died, she received the Nyoin go title and was named Shinseiwain.
Japanese: 光格天皇譲位の翌々年、文政3年（1820年）3月に皇太后となり、光格上皇崩御の翌天保12年（1841年）1月には出家して女院号宣下を受け、新清和院と称される。
English: She died on August 11, 1846 at thirty eight, she was entombed in Nochi no Tsukinowa no Misasagi in Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture.
Japanese: 弘化3年6月20日（1846年8月11日）、68歳で崩御し、京都府京都市東山区の後月輪陵に葬られた。
English: There are some people who talk about Imperial Princess Yoshiko as a precedent to avoid the crisis of discontinuation of Imperial succession when there was a recent argument about improving the Imperial Family (Household) Law.
Japanese: 最近の皇室典範改正論議で、皇位継承の危機への対策の先例として、欣子内親王の例を取り上げる人も多い（皇位継承問題を参照）。
English: Kishi SAIONJI (1303 - November 19, 1333) was a Japanese Imperial family member during the late Kamakura period.
Japanese: 西園寺禧子（さいおんじきし、藤原禧子（ふじわらのきし）、嘉元元年（1303年）-元弘3年10月12日（1333年11月19日））は、鎌倉時代後期の日本の皇族。
English: Her Nyoin go title (nyoin go - a title of respect given to close female relatives of the Emperor or a woman of comparable standing) was initially named Reiseimonin from the Northern Court, but later on it was abolished, after she died her title was renamed Gokyogokuin from the Southern Court.
Japanese: 女院号は始め北朝側より礼成門院（れいせいもんいん）と称されるが、のちにそれは廃され、死後に改めて南朝側より後京極院（ごきょうごくいん）の号を追贈された。
English: Her eldest brother was Sadaijin (Minister of the left), Kinhira SAIONJI, her forth older brother was the first family head of the Kikutei family, Dajo daijin, Kanesue IMADEGAWA, the oldest sister was Emperor Fushimi's Chugu, Shoshi SAIONJI (Eifukumonin), second older sister was Emperor Kameyama's Empress, Eishi SAIONJI (Shokunmonin).
Japanese: 長兄は左大臣西園寺公衡、四兄は菊亭家の初代、太政大臣今出川兼季、長姉は伏見天皇の中宮西園寺しょう子（永福門院）、次姉は亀山天皇の妃西園寺瑛子（昭訓門院）。
English: After Imperial Prince Takaharu succeeded the throne in February 1318, she was given title to become Nyogo (imperial consort) in April, then was officially appointed to Chugu in August 1319.
Japanese: 文保2年（1318年）2月、尊治親王の即位に伴い、同年4月に女御宣下、次いで翌元応元年（1319年）8月には中宮に冊立される。
English: However in 1331, after the Genko Incident, Emperor Godaigo was caught and was sentenced to deportation to the Oki Islands in March 1332, Kishi was given Nyoin go title by Emperor Kogon of the newly established Northern Court government in May, she was named Reizeimonin, and entered into the priesthood in August in the same year.
Japanese: しかし元弘元年（1331年）、元弘の変によって後醍醐天皇が捕らえられ、翌元弘2年（正慶元年、1332年）3月に天皇が隠岐諸島に流罪となると、禧子はそれに伴って同年5月、新たに立てられた北朝の光厳天皇より女院号を宣下されて礼成門院と称し、追って同年8月には出家する。
English: In June 1333, after Emperor Godaigo came back to the Palace, Kishi lost her title of Reizeimonin and became Chugu, soon after that she became Empress Dowager, however she died not too long after this, on November 19, 1333.
Japanese: 翌元弘3年（1333年）6月、後醍醐天皇が帰京すると、禧子は礼成門院の号を廃されて中宮に復され、間を置かずして皇太后となるが、それから間もなく、同年10月12日（11月19日）に崩御。
English: After Kishi died, Emperor Gofushimi's first Princess, Imperial Princess Junshi became Emperor Godaigo's Chugu.
Japanese: 禧子の死後、後醍醐天皇の中宮には新たに後伏見天皇の第一皇女、珣子内親王が立てられた。
English: Kishi gave birth to her second Princess, Imperial Princess Kanshi (Yoshiko) (later called the Retired Emperor Kogen's empress, Senseimonin) in 1315, after that she had no more children and it was presumed because Emperor favored her joro (high rank woman servant in the Imperial Court), Renshi (Yasuko/Kadoko) ANO, instead of her.
Japanese: 禧子は正和4年（1315年）に第二皇女、懽子内親王（のちの光厳上皇妃、宣政門院）を出産しているが、その後は自身の上臈であった阿野廉子に天皇の寵愛を奪われたこともあってか、子女を産むことはなかった。
English: Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadayasu (February 1, 1547 - May 11, 1568) was an Imperial family member during the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
Japanese: 伏見宮貞康親王（ふしみのみやさだやすしんのう、天文(元号)16年1月11日（1547年2月1日）-永禄11年4月15日（1568年5月11日））は、戦国時代の皇族。
English: Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Kunisuke (April 25, 1513 - April 18, 1563) was an Imperial family member during the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
Japanese: 伏見宮邦輔親王（ふしみのみやくにすけしんのう、永正10年3月20日（1513年4月25日）-永禄6年3月26日（1563年4月18日））は、戦国時代の皇族。
English: He received the title of Imperial Prince in 1531 and had a coming-of-age ceremony in 1532.
Japanese: 享禄4年（1531年）に親王宣下、翌天文(元号)元年（1532年）に元服。
English: The Prince's children were Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadayasu, Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Kuninobu, Cloistered Imperial Prince Join (Buddhist Priest), Cloistered Imperial Prince Soncho, Cloistered Imperial Prince Saiin.
Japanese: 王子女に、伏見宮貞康親王、伏見宮邦房親王、常胤法親王、尊朝法親王、最胤法親王など
English: Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadaatsu (March, 1488 - September 2, 1572) was the Imperial family member during the Sengoku period (period of warring states).
Japanese: 伏見宮貞敦親王（ふしみのみやさだあつしんのう、長享2年（1488年）3月-元亀3年7月25日（1572年9月2日））は、戦国時代の皇族。
English: Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Kunitaka (March 8, 1456 - April 24, 1532) was an Imperial family member during the late Muromachi period.
Japanese: 伏見宮邦高親王（ふしみのみやくにたかしんのう、康正2年2月2日（1456年3月8日）-享禄5年3月19日（1532年4月24日））は、室町時代後期の皇族。
English: Imperial Prince Fushiminomiya Sadatsune (January 27, 1426 - August 15, 1474) was an Imperial family member during the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 伏見宮貞常親王（ふしみのみやさだつねしんのう、応永32年12月19日（1426年1月27日）-文明6年7月3日（1474年8月15日））は、室町時代の皇族。
English: He received the title Imperial Prince in 1444 and had a coming-of-age-ceremony in 1445, and received Nihon (the second rank of Imperial Prince) in 1464.
Japanese: 文安元年（1444年）に親王宣下、翌文安2年（1445年）に元服、寛正5年（1464年）に二品。
English: In 1456 his older brother, Emperor Gohanazono gave permission for him to name 'Fushimidono Gosho' (Fushimidono) after that he was named Fushinomiya.
Japanese: 康正2年（1456年）に兄である後花園天皇から、永世「伏見殿御所（伏見殿）」と称することを勅許され、以降は伏見宮と名乗るようになった。
English: Imperial Princess Junshi (March 13, 1311 - June 11, 1337) was Emperor Godaigo's Chugu (Empress).
Japanese: 珣子内親王（じゅんしないしんのう、延慶4年2月23日（1311年3月13日）-延元2年/建武4年5月12日（1337年6月11日））は後醍醐天皇の中宮。
English: Hokurokunomiya (1165 - August 17, 1230) was an Imperial family member between the late Heian period to the early Kamamura period.
Japanese: 北陸宮（ほくろくのみや、永万元年（1165年）-寛喜2年7月8日（1230年8月17日））は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代前期の皇族。
English: He was born as the first Prince of Prince Mochihito (the third Prince of Emperor Goshirakawa) who issued Prince Mochihito's order to search out and destroy the Taira family.
Japanese: 平家追討の令旨を出した以仁王（後白河天皇第三皇子）の第一王子として生まれた。
English: It was said he was born in 1165, or there was another theory that he was born in 1167.
Japanese: 永万元年（1165年）誕生というが、仁安2年（1167年）誕生説もある。
English: After his father, Prince Mochihito died in battle against the Taira clan in May 1180, his child, left by the deceased Hokurokunomiya, entered into the priesthood and escaped to Echizen accompanied by his wet nurse's husband, Sanuki-zenji Shigehide.
Japanese: 治承4年（1180年）5月父以仁王が平氏との合戦で敗死すると、その遺児である北陸宮は出家して乳母の夫讃岐前司重秀に伴われて越前へ逃れた。
English: There was a possibility of Hokurokunomiya being the Prince of Prince Mochihito, being pursued by the opposition, however MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka raised his army on Prince Mochihito's order in Shinano Province in September.
Japanese: 以仁王の王子である宮には追っ手がかかる可能性があったが、9月には信濃国で以仁王の令旨をかかげて源義仲が挙兵。
English: Instead of being protected by MINAMOTO no Yoshinaka, he was chosen as a person in charge of "Nishiki no Mihata" (a flag which represent Imperial Court) of the Kiso army.
Japanese: その庇護を受けるかわりに、木曽軍の『錦の御旗』に奉じられることとなった。
English: By the way, MINAMOTO no Yoritomo of Kamakura-Genji (the Minamoto clan) opposed this and he spread the rumor that Prince Mochihito was still alive and held captive by Yoritomo's force.
Japanese: なお鎌倉源氏の源頼朝もこれに対抗して以仁王は生存していて自分のところで匿われているという噂を流させている。
English: Yoshinaka suggested Emperor Goshirakawa, through his close friend, a high-ranking Buddhist priest Shungyo, for Hokurokunomiya to succeed the throne, but this suggestion was totally ignored by the Cloistered Emperor.
Japanese: 義仲は親しかった俊尭僧正を介して北陸宮を皇位継承者にすべきと後白河天皇に推挙したが、法皇からは完全に無視された。
English: After all the Cloistered Emperor appointed Emperor Antoku's younger brother, Shinomiya (Emperor Gotoba) to succeed the throne on August 20.
Japanese: 結局、法皇は、8月20日安徳天皇の弟四ノ宮（後鳥羽天皇）を皇位に就けた。
English: After that, Kisonomiya moved to Kyoto on September 18, but he run away from Kyoto just one day before Yoshinaka's coup, on November 18.
Japanese: 木曽宮は、その後9月18日に京都へ入ったが、義仲のクーデタ前日の11月18日に京都から逐電した。
English: He asked Emperor Goshirakawa to allow him to have the Minamoto family name and to be demoted from nobility to subject, however he was not allowed to do so, he then lived in Sagano and married FUJIWARA no Muneie's daughter.
Japanese: 後白河天皇に源姓下賜を求めたが、許されず、嵯峨野に住んで藤原宗家の娘を妻に迎えた。
English: It is said that he adopted Emperor Tsuchimikado's Princess and gave part of his private land to her.
Japanese: 土御門天皇の皇女を養女にして宮の持っていた所領の一所を譲ったという。
English: Shosei means new emperor (mainly Crown Prince or Empress) starts to rule the government without having an enthronement ceremony after the former emperor died.
Japanese: 称制（しょうせい）とは先帝崩御後、新帝（主に皇太子または皇后）が即位の式を挙げずに政務を執ること。
English: There were two examples of Shosei in Japan, Prince Naka no Oe and Emperor Jito in Asuka period, both are recorded in the "Chronicles of Japan" as if they were practically real Emperors.
Japanese: 日本では飛鳥時代に中大兄皇子と持統天皇の二例が見られるが、どちらも日本書紀では一見してほとんど事実上の天皇と同然に記述されている。
English: In Japan, it is similar to Sessho (regency) although the Emperor also exist with the Sessho, the big difference between Sessho and Shosei is there is no Emperor in case of Shosei (the one who rules Shosei is practically the Emperor or a person who has political control equivalent to Emperor).
Japanese: 日本の場合摂政と似ているが、摂政の場合、天皇が同時に存在しているが、称制の場合は、天皇がいない（称制している本人が事実上の天皇か天皇に準ずる存在）のが大きな違いである。
English: It is used when the Empress takes control of politics if the new emperor is too young to do so after the death of the former Emperor (Reign behind the curtain).
Japanese: 先王が崩御して、新王が幼少である場合、太后（母后）が実権を握って政治を代行することをいう（垂簾聴政）。
English: In China the structure was different from Japan, there should have been the Empress who ruled the actual Shosei while the legitimate monarch (young emperor) existed at the same time.
Japanese: 日本と異なり、中国の場合は称制する者（母后）と別に正統の君主（幼君）が同時に存在しなければならない。
English: In Japan there were two examples of Shosei which were, Prince Naka no Oe (Emperor Jomei and Empress Saimei's Prince, later called Emperor Tenchi or Tenji) and Emperor Jito (Emperor Tenchi's Princess, Emperor Tenmu's Empress and later called Emperor Jito), however there are some opinions that the three examples of Empress Jingu and Iitoyo no Himemiko (Princess Iitoyo) and Ahe no Himemiko (Princess Ahe) were considered as Shosei.
Japanese: 日本においては、中大兄皇子（舒明天皇・斉明天皇の皇子で後の天智天皇）と持統天皇（天智天皇の皇女・天武天皇の皇后で後の持統天皇）の2例を「称制」としているが、この他に神功皇后・飯豊皇女・阿閉皇女の計3例のケースも称制に相当すると言う考えがある。
English: While Emperor Saimei died while raising an army against the Silla Kingdom, Prince Naka no Oe ruled the government when he was Crown Prince even though he did not become Emperor.
Japanese: 斉明天皇は新羅出兵準備中に崩御したが、中大兄皇子は皇太子のまま即位せずに政務を執行した。
English: Even after Emperor Saimei died, Prince Naka no Oe did not succeed to the throne, according to "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan) or "The Anthology of Myriad [Ten Thousand] Leaves," it is said there was a person called 'Nakatsusumera-mikoto' during this period, there was a strong theory that she was said to be Princess Hashihito (Emperor Kotoku's Empress).
Japanese: 斉明天皇の崩御後も即位を先延ばしにしたが、この間は日本書紀や万葉集によると「中皇命（なかつすめらみこと）」と呼ばれた人物がいたらしく、これは間人皇女（孝徳天皇の皇后）のこととする説が有力である。
English: Since the Crown Prince had actual political control of the Japanese Shosei, it was different from the one in China where the Empress or the Empress Dowager used to take control of politics, it is presumed that above case was formally called 'Shosei' as the Empress Dowager (Emperor Saimei) was first appointed the nominal highest position followed by former Emperor's Empress (Emperor Kotoku's Empress, Princess Hashihito).
Japanese: 先帝の后や母后ではなく皇太子の方が実権を握っている点で、中国の称制とは異なるが、まず母后（斉明天皇）のちに先帝の后（孝徳天皇の皇后・間人皇女）を名目上の上位者として立てていたために形式上「称制」という名称が選ばれたのであろう。
English: In any case, Prince Naka no Oe moved the capital city to Imperial Palace Omi Otsu no Miya in 667, and he finally succeeded to the throne as Emperor Tenchi/Tenji on 3 January, 668.
Japanese: いずれにせよ、中大兄皇子は667年に近江大津宮に遷都し、668年旧正月1月3日にやっと正式に即位した（天智天皇）。
English: (There is another theory that Prince Naka no Oe could not succeed to the throne fifteen years after Isshi-no-hen (a Murder in the Year of Isshi), since he had an affair with his real younger sister, Princess Hashihito, or as opposed to this, it was said Princess Hashihito (Nakatsusumera-mikoto) was enthroned as a temporal Emperor. There are various theories concerning the reason why Prince Naka no Oe was finally enthroned in his later years.)
Japanese: （一説に、中大兄皇子が同母妹の間人皇女と不倫関係を持っていた為に乙巳の変から15年以上経過してもなお即位できなかったとの説や、反対に間人皇女（＝中皇命）は中継ぎの大王として即位していたとの説もある。中大兄皇子が（結果的に）晩年にやっと即位した理由については他にも様々な説がある。）
English: After Emperor Tenchi/Tenji died, the Junshin War happened and Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) won the war, after he died as well, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko wished her son, Prince Kusakabe to succeed to the throne, however she put pressure on Prince Kusakabe's opposition, Prince Otsu to kill himself and was blamed for it, she was not able to make her wish happen (for Prince Kusakabe to succeed to the throne), also Prince Kusakabe had an ordinary character, (he was not good enough to become Emperor) thus the Empress Dowager, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko took control of politics to support Prince Kusakabe.
Japanese: 天智天皇崩御後に勃発した壬申の乱に勝利した夫・大海人皇子（天武天皇）崩御後、菟野皇后は息子・草壁皇子への皇位継承を望んでいたのだが、ライバルの大津皇子を自害に追いやった為に却って反発を買い、草壁の凡庸な器量も相まって、草壁を即位させる事が出来なかったため、母后である菟野が政務を執り草壁を支えた。
English: Since Prince Kusakabe ended up as Crown Prince and died young, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko succeeded to the throne temporarily as Emperor Jito in the lunar New Year in 690, until Prince Kusakabe's son, Prince Karu (Emperor Monmu) became old enough to enthrone.
Japanese: 結局皇太子のまま草壁は早世してしまい、彼女は草壁の遺児・軽皇子（後の文武天皇）が成人するまでの中継ぎとして、690年旧正月にようやく持統天皇として即位した。
English: Emperor Tenchi/Tenji's Prince, Uno no Sarara no Himemiko conducted the Shosei since she wished to secure her son, Prince Kusakabe to succeed the blood line to the throne.
Japanese: 天智天皇の皇女・菟野皇后の称制は自らが産んだ草壁皇子の血統が続くのをより確実にしたいがためであった。
English: Although her son, Prince Kusakabe died young, she showed strong leadership and was brave enough to take control of politics to establish the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes, she finally passed the throne to her grandchild, Prince Karu (there was a theory Uno no and FUJIWARA no Fuhito planned an assassination when Prince Takechi, Emperor Tenmu's first Prince died just before Prince Karu's enthronement).
Japanese: 彼女は草壁の早世にめげず、強いリーダーシップで律令国家体制確立への舵を執り、孫・軽皇子への譲位（直前に天武天皇第一皇子高市皇子が薨去したが、菟野・藤原不比等による暗殺説もある。）を果たした。
English: The descendant of Prince Kusakabe, who was a child between Emperor Tenmu and Emperor Jito, became the main Imperial blood line during the Nara period and was actively involved in politics and culture, however the Imperial line was discontinued after Emperor Shotoku was the last Emperor, the Imperial line was returned to Emperor Tenchi/Tenji's line (Prince Shirakabe, later became Emperor Konin).
Japanese: 天武と持統の間から生まれた草壁皇子の子孫は奈良時代の皇統となって平城京で政治･文化の担い手になったが、称徳天皇を最後に断絶してしまい、皇統は天智天皇系（すなわち白壁王、のちの光仁天皇）に戻る事となった。
English: According to the "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan), after Emperor Chuai died, the successor to the Imperial throne, Emperor Ojin was just born, thus his mother, Empress Jungu became the regent.
Japanese: 日本書紀によると、仲哀天皇の崩御後、世継ぎの応神天皇が生まれたばかりであり、その母の神功皇后が摂政となったという。
English: Of course this was an early Japanese legend and there was no record of Chinese words being used like Sessho (Regent) or Shosei, in the "Nihonshoki" it was called neither Sessho nor Shosei.
Japanese: むろん伝説時代のことであるので当時に摂政だの称制だのという漢文の用語が使われたわけもなく、古事記では摂政とも称制ともいってはいない。
English: However this raises a question as to why the description of Sessho and Shose were not unified in accordance with the government of Emperor Tenchi/Tenji's Shosei or Emperor Jito's Shosei when the Nihonshoki was edited.
Japanese: が、日本書紀が編纂にあたって天智称制・持統称制にあわせて用語を統一しなかったのはどういうわけであろうか。