nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: In the ritsuryo system, those who were in a direct line and in the up to six degree of kinship were the Imperial family, but there is no such restriction after the Meiji period.
Japanese: 律令制のもとでは直系で六親等までが皇族であったが、明治以降そのような制限は設けられていない。
English: When a queen becomes an adult, she receives the Order of the Precious Crown, Peony (or if she became an adult before November 2, 2003, she received the Second Order of the Precious Crown).
Japanese: 成年に達すると、宝冠牡丹章が授与される（2003年11月2日までに成年に達した場合は勲二等宝冠章）。
English: These five queens are in the three degree of kinship, i.e., grandchildren of Emperor Taisho who was their direct ancestor.
Japanese: これら5女王は直系尊属である大正天皇からみて三親等、即ち曾孫にあたる。
English: In the present Imperial House Law, it refers to sons of the Imperial family who are in the direct line and in the three or more degree of kinship from the emperor (not in collateral line and counted from the emperor who is a direct ancestor).
Japanese: 現行の皇室典範では、天皇から直系で三親等以上離れた皇族男子を指す（傍系でなく直系尊属の天皇から数える）。
English: As of September, 2007, there were queens (of imperial family), but no kings in Japan.
Japanese: ただし、2007年9月時点で日本には女王(皇族)は存在するものの、王は一人も出生していない。
English: When a king becomes an adult, he is given Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers of the Rising Sun (or Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flower if he became an adult before November 2, 2003).
Japanese: 王は皇族身位令に準じ、成年となったときに桐花大綬章を授与される（2003年11月2日までに成年に達した場合は勲一等旭日桐花大綬章であった）。
English: According to the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty and the related imperial edict, 'His Majesty the Emperor of Korea, His Majesty the Retired Emperor, His Majesty the Crown Prince and their empresses and descendents' were called the royal family, and the head of the Lee royal family was also called a king, but the king of the imperial family was different from the king of the royal family.
Japanese: なお、韓国併合条約及び関連する詔書により、「韓国皇帝陛下太皇帝陛下皇太子殿下並其ノ后妃及後裔」に該当する者を王族とし、李王家の当主も王というが、皇族の王と王族の王は全く違うものである。
English: Soon after Japan established diplomatic relations with the West at the end of Edo Period, the Japanese government misunderstood that the relationship between the emperor (Japanese emperor) and king of the West was an unequal relationship like that of Japan and China, and discriminated sovereign's messages to imperial states from those to royal states, causing confusions.
Japanese: なお、幕末以後日本が西洋と国交を開いた直後には、西洋の皇帝（＝天皇）と王の関係を日本や中国と同様の非対等な関係と誤解をして、帝制の国家と王制の国家あての国書に格差を付けてしまった為に、紛糾したと言われている。
English: Since Empress Dowager and Grand Empress Dowager were in the same rank of empresses, 'chugu' was used as the name of the residence of an empress and the empress herself.
Japanese: また、皇太后・太皇太后も同じく后位にあることから、その住居及びそこに住む本人の呼称として同様に「中宮」が用いられた。
English: The Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code) stipulated that Chugushiki (Office of Imperial Wives) should be established in the Ministry of Central Affairs as an organization of government officials to serve three empresses all together; Empress, Empress Dowager, and Grand Empress Dowager.
Japanese: 大宝律令では、皇后・皇太后・太皇太后の三者に一括して奉仕する官司として中務省に中宮職を設置することが規定された。
English: After the establishment of Taiho Ritsuryo (Taiho Code), female emperors were enthroned successively and empresses were not appointed, thus Chugushiki did not work in fact.
Japanese: 大宝律令制定後、女性天皇の即位が相次ぎ、皇后が立てられることがなかったので、中宮職は実際には機能しない状態が続いた。
English: The only male emperor during the period, Emperor Monmu, did not put up an empress because the highest-ranking wife (actual legal wife) was FUJIWARA no Miyako Fujin (consort of the emperor).
Japanese: 唯一の男性天皇である文武天皇も、最高位の妻（事実上の正妻）は夫人である藤原宮子であり、皇后を立てることはなかった。
English: When Emperor Shomu was enthroned in 724, his real mother Miyako was called Kotaifujin, but Chugushiki was established at this time to serve Kotaifujin Miyako.
Japanese: しかるに、神亀元年（724年）に聖武天皇が即位すると、生母宮子を皇太夫人と称することとされたが、このとき中宮職が設置され、皇太夫人宮子に奉仕することになった。
English: She was treated in the same way as an empress, and it was considered to be a special treatment taken by the emperor to increase the authority of her mother who was not an empress.
Japanese: 皇太后に準じる待遇で、皇后ではなかった母の権威を高めるために天皇がとった特別措置といえる。
English: This measure was possible because there was no one in the position of the empress at the time.
Japanese: このとき后位にある者がほかに誰もいなかったために可能だった措置でもあった。
English: Miyako was often called chugu because she was served by Chugushiki.
Japanese: 中宮職に奉仕されていることに基づき、宮子が中宮と呼ばれることもあった。
English: The treatment of Chugushiki assigned to Miyako became a problem when Empress Komyo was put up as an empress in 729.
Japanese: その後、天平元年（729年）に夫人光明皇后が皇后に立てられると、宮子に付置されている中宮職の扱いが問題となった。
English: However, the emperor made a decision to establish a new Kogogushiki (the Queen-consort's Household Agency) as Ryoge no kan (a post outside the original Ritsuryo code created by Imperial edicts) and let Chugushiki continue to serve Kotaifujin Miyako.
Japanese: しかし、天皇は、皇后のためには令外官として皇后宮職を新たに設置し、中宮職はそのまま皇太夫人宮子に奉仕を続けさせることを選んだ。
English: Miyako was given a title of Grand Empress Dowager when her grandchild Empress Koken was enthroned, and continued to be served by Chugushiki until her death in 754.
Japanese: 宮子は孫の孝謙天皇が即位すると太皇太后の称号を贈られたが、そのまま天平勝宝6年（754年）の死去まで継続して中宮職に奉仕された。
English: Kotaigo gushiki (Imperial Household Agency assigned to the household of Queen Mother) was established for Asukabehime who became Empress Dowager when Emperor Shomu abdicated the throne and served her consistently until she died in 760.
Japanese: 一方、聖武の譲位にともなって皇太后となった安宿媛には、あらためて新設された皇太后宮職が付置され、天平宝字4年（760年）の死去まで、一貫して皇太后宮職に奉仕された。
English: These events became precedents, and Kogogushiki, Kotaigo gushiki, Taikotaigogushiki (Imperial Household Agency assigned to the household of Grand Empress Dowager), and Chugushiki were established to serve Empress, Empress Dowager, Grand Empress Dowager, and Kotaifujin respectively.
Japanese: この一連の経緯がその後の定例となり、皇后には皇后宮職、皇太后には皇太后宮職、太皇太后には太皇太后宮職、皇太夫人には中宮職がそれぞれ個別に設置されて奉仕に当たる体制ができあがった。
English: Taikotaigogushiki was established for the first time for FUJIWARA no Junshi who became Grand Empress Dowager in 864 according to historical documents.
Japanese: ちなみに、太皇太后宮職の設置がはじめて史料的に確認できるのは貞観(日本)6年（864年）に太皇太后となった藤原順子のケースである。
English: After Chugushiki became an organization of government officials dedicated to Kotaifujin, chugu was also used exclusively as the name of Kotaifujin.
Japanese: 中宮職が皇太夫人専属の官司となるのにともない、中宮もまたもっぱら皇太夫人の呼称として用いられることになった。
English: Seven Kotaifujin after Miyako, from TAIMA no Yamashiro, the real mother of Emperor Junnin, to FUJIWARA no Onshi, the foster mother, appeared and were served by Chugushiki.
Japanese: 宮子以後、淳仁天皇の生母当麻山背から醍醐天皇の養母藤原温子まで、7人の皇太夫人が現れたが、いずれも中宮職に奉仕された。
English: Four of them became Empress Dowagers later, and were served by Kotaigogushiki which was established for each of them.
Japanese: そのうちの4人はその後さらに皇太后に転じているが、その際はあらためて皇太后宮職が設置されて奉仕している。
English: After FUJIWARA no Onshi died in 907, no one held the position of Kotaifujin.
Japanese: 藤原温子が延喜7年（907年）に死去すると、皇太夫人の地位に就く者は絶えた。
English: Six generations of emperors did not put up empresses for about 100 years after the investiture of the Empress to Imperial Princess Masako, empress of Emperor Junna, but Emperor Daigo put up nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court [a consort of an emperor]) FUJIWARA no Onshi as empress to revive the empress after a long time.
Japanese: 淳和天皇の皇后正子内親王の立后以来約100年、その間6代の天皇はいずれも皇后を立てることがなかったが、延喜23年（923年）、醍醐天皇は女御藤原穏子を皇后に冊立し、久しぶりに皇后を復活させた。
English: Chugushiki, not Kogogushiki, was established to serve Onshi.
Japanese: このとき、皇后宮職ではなく中宮職が設置されて穏子に付置されることになった。
English: Onshi became Empress Dowager when Daigo died and their son Emperor Suzaku was enthroned, and became Grand Empress Dowager when Emperor Suzaku demised the throne to his maternal half-brother Emperor Murakami, but she was always served by Chugushiki and called chugu throughout the time.
Japanese: 穏子は、醍醐の死去と息子朱雀天皇の即位にともなって皇太后に、さらに朱雀が同母弟の村上天皇に譲位すると太皇太后に転じたが、その間一貫して中宮職に奉仕され、中宮と呼ばれた。
English: Empress of Emperor Murakami, FUJIWARA no Anshi, and Empress of Emperor Reizei, Imperial Princess Shoshi, were also served by Chugushiki and called chugu.
Japanese: それに続く、村上天皇の皇后藤原安子、冷泉天皇の皇后昌子内親王も中宮職に奉仕され、中宮と呼ばれた。
English: When Emperor Enyu put up nyogo FUJIWARA no Koshi as empress in 973, he changed Empress Masako to Empress Dowager and revived Kotaigogushoku to serve her.
Japanese: 天禄4年（973年）に円融天皇が女御藤原こう子を皇后に立てるに際し、皇后昌子を皇太后に移したが、このとき皇太后宮職が復活され、昌子に奉仕することになった。
English: Chugushiki was established for Koshi and it was thereafter settled as an organization of government officials dedicated to empresses.
Japanese: 媓子には中宮職が付置され、これ以降は、中宮職は完全に皇后専属の官司として定着する。
English: FUJIWARA no Junshi who became an empress instead of Koshi who died young was also served by Chugushiki and called chugu.
Japanese: 若くして死去した媓子に代わって皇后となった藤原遵子も同様に中宮職に奉仕され、中宮と呼ばれた。
English: FUJIWARA no Teishi, a daughter of FUJIWARA no Michitaka, entered into court for Emperor Ichijo and became nyogo in 990.
Japanese: 永祚(日本)2年（990年）に藤原道隆の娘藤原定子が一条天皇のもとに入内して女御となった。
English: Sessho (regent) Kaneie, the father of Michitaka, died and Michitaka became Sessho and wished to put up Teishi as empress to reinforce his political power, but the post of the empress was not vacant because Junshi stayed as empress even after the abdication of Emperor Enyu, and FUJIWARA no Senshi, the real mother of Ichijo, was Empress Dowager and Masako was Grand Empress Dowager.
Japanese: 折りから道隆の父摂政兼家が死去し、新たに摂政となった道隆は自己の政治的立場を強化するためにも定子を皇后に立てることを望んだが、当時、皇后には円融の退位後も遵子がそのままとどまっており、皇太后には一条の生母藤原詮子が、太皇太后には昌子が就いており、后位に空席はなかった。
English: As a matter of course, no one could be dismissed from the position of the empress unless she committed a crime or misconduct.
Japanese: なんらかの罪を犯したり不祥事を起こしたりしたわけでもない者を后位から退けることは当然できなかった。
English: Since the empress was originally a 'lawful wife of an emperor' (an interpretation of the articles of the Ryo in "Ryo-no-gige" [commentary on the Ryo]), Michitaka forcibly put up Teishi who was the lawful wife of the reigning emperor, as empress, while Junshi, the wife of 'Daijo tenno' (the Retired Emperor) Enyu, stayed as empress.
Japanese: しかし、道隆は、本来、皇后が「天子の嫡妻」（『令義解』による令の条文の解釈）であることから、現時点ではあくまで「太上天皇」円融の妻である遵子を皇后にとどめたまま、在位の天皇の嫡妻である定子の立后に強引に踏み切った。
English: Chugushiki which had been assigned to Junshi was assigned to Teishi, and Kogogushiki was revived and assigned to Junshi.
Japanese: このとき、遵子に付置されていた中宮職は定子に付置されることとされ、遵子にはあらためて皇后宮職が復活されて付置された。
English: Since the distinction between the names of the two empresses became a problem, Junshi was called Kisai no miya (empress) and Teishi was called 'chugu' according to the offices of government officials assigned to them.
Japanese: 皇后が2人いることからその呼称の区別が問題となり、付置されている官司にちなみ、遵子を「皇后宮」と呼び、定子を「中宮」と呼ぶこととされた。
English: When FUJIWARA no Michinaga became a person in paramount authority after the death of Michitaka and the downfall of his legitimate son FUJIWARA no Korechika, Teishi became a powerless empress due to the downfall of her family home, even if she was the mother of Imperial Prince Atsuyasu, the first prince of Ichijo.
Japanese: 道隆の死去とその嫡男藤原伊周の失脚により、藤原道長が最高権力者となると、定子は一条の第1皇子敦康親王の母でありながら、実家の没落により後ろ盾のない無力な皇后に転落してしまった。
English: On the other hand, Michinaga wished to have his daughter Jotomonin enter into court for Ichijo, make her nyogo and then empress.
Japanese: 一方、道長は娘の上東門院を一条に入内させ、まず女御とし、さらに皇后とすることを望んだ。
English: Ichijo loved Teishi who moaned about the downfall of Korechika, retired from the Imperial Palace and entered into priesthood so much that he had her enter into court again regardless of criticism of people, and although he was reluctant to the investiture of the Empress to Akiko, he was persuaded by those around him to accept the intention of Michinaga in the end.
Japanese: 一条は、伊周の失脚を嘆いて内裏を退出し出家していた定子をあえて再度入内させて世人の批判を浴びるほど定子を深く愛しており、彰子の立后には消極的であったが、長い逡巡の末、周囲の説得もあってついに道長の意向を受け入れた。
English: Junshi was shifted to the vacant post of Empress Dowager and Kotaigogushoku was established for her in 1000, and Kotaigogushoku was established instead of Chugushiki and assigned to Teishi, and Akiko was put up as empress to which Chugushiki was assigned.
Japanese: 長保2年（1000年）、遵子を当時は空席となっていた皇太后に移して皇太后宮職を付置し、定子には中宮職をあらためて皇后宮職を付置し、彰子が皇后に立てられて中宮職を付置された。
English: This became a precedent that one emperor could have two empresses.
Japanese: これで、1人の天皇が2人の皇后を持つことができる先例が開かれることになった。
English: Two empresses were allowed until the end of the Kamakura period, one was called Kisai no miya (empress) and the other, chugu.
Japanese: 以後、鎌倉時代の末まで、皇后の定員は2名となり、一方を皇后宮、他方を中宮と呼ぶ慣行が確立した。
English: It became an institution that an honorary title of empress was given to a woman who was not a 'lawful wife of an emperor'.
Japanese: また、その後「天子の嫡妻」ではない女性に名誉称号として皇后の位を与える慣行も並行して行われるようになった。
English: Both Kisai no miya and chugu were essentially empresses between whom there was no difference or hierarchical relationship.
Japanese: 皇后宮も中宮もその本質はあくまで皇后であり、両者の間に優劣や上下関係はない。
English: There are no clear rules about usage of Kisai no miya and chugu.
Japanese: 皇后宮と中宮との使い分けについても固定した明確なルールは存在しない。
English: If an emperor put up one of his wives as empress, she was called chugu.
Japanese: ある天皇が、妻のなかから最初に皇后を立てた場合、その皇后は中宮とされる。
English: If the emperor put up another wife as the second empress, the first one became Kisai no miya and the second one was called chugu.
Japanese: その天皇が、別の妻を2人目の皇后とする場合、1人目の皇后は皇后宮に移り、あとから皇后になった者が中宮とされる。
English: An empress that did not meet the conditions of 'lawful wife of an emperor', such as young emperor's Junbo (a woman who was given the status equivalent to the emperor's birth mother) and a wife of retired emperor, was called Kisai no miya.
Japanese: 幼少の天皇の准母、すでに譲位した上皇の妻など「天子の嫡妻」の条件に当てはまらない皇后は皇后宮とされる。
English: Empress of Emperor Goreizei, FUJIWARA no Kanshi, was the second empress of Goreizei, and when she became an empress, Kanshi was called Kisai no miya and the first empress Imperial Princess Shoshi stayed as chugu.
Japanese: 後冷泉天皇の皇后藤原寛子は後冷泉の2人目の皇后であったが、立后に際しては1人目の皇后章子内親王がそのまま中宮にとどまり、寛子は皇后宮とされた。
English: After Shoshi became Kisai no miya, Kanshi was transferred from Kisai no miya to chugu.
Japanese: その後、章子が皇太后に転じたあとを受けて、皇后宮から中宮に移っている。
English: Imperial Princess Teishi who became an empress as junbo of Emperor Horikawa was called chugu though she was not a 'lawful wife of an emperor' and remained single her entire life.
Japanese: 堀河天皇の准母として皇后となったてい子内親王は「天子の嫡妻」ではなく、生涯独身であったが、中宮とされた。
English: The empresses were not installed after the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, and the names of Kisai no miya and chugu were not used.
Japanese: 南北朝時代以降、皇后の冊立が絶え、その間は皇后宮・中宮の呼称も用いられることがなかった。
English: A daughter of Hidetada TOKUGAWA, Tofukumon-in who became the lawful wife of Emperor Gomizunoo was put up as empress from nyogo in 1624, and the empress was revived after the lapse of about 300 years and she was called chugu.
Japanese: 寛永元年（1624年）に至って、徳川秀忠の娘東福門院が後水尾天皇の嫡妻として女御から皇后に立てられて、約300年ぶりに皇后が復活したが、このときの呼称は中宮であった。
English: There were three other empresses in the Edo period, who were all 'lawful wives of emperors' and called chugu.
Japanese: 江戸時代にはほかに3人の皇后がいるが、すべて「天子の嫡妻」であり、いずれも中宮と呼ばれた。
English: Two empresses were no longer put up at the same time and the name of Kisai no miya was not used.
Japanese: また、皇后が同時に2人立てられることはいっさいなくなり、皇后宮の呼称は用いられることはなかった。
English: Empress Dowager Shoken who became empress in 1868 was called chugu first, but renamed to Kisai no miya the next year.
Japanese: 明治元年（1868年）に皇后となった昭憲皇太后も当初は中宮と呼ばれたが、翌年皇后宮と改められた。
English: The name of 'chugu' was not included in the Former Imperial House Law established in 1889, here, chugu was abolished and Haruko became the last chugu.
Japanese: 1889年（明治22年）制定の旧皇室典範には「中宮」の呼称は採りいれられなかったため、ここに中宮は廃絶し、美子が最後の中宮となった。
English: Princess Yamanobeno Himemiko (663 - October 25, 686) was an imperial princess of Emperor Tenchi.
Japanese: 山辺皇女（やまのべのひめみこ、663年（天智天皇2年）?-686年10月25日（朱鳥元年10月3日(旧暦)））とは天智天皇皇女。
English: She became the lawful wife of Prince Otsu, but the Prince was arrested of allegedly having an intention for rebellion and killed himself in his house in Iware, and she also killed herself.
Japanese: その後、大津皇子の正妃となったが、皇子が謀反の意ありとして捕えられて磐余の自邸で死を賜ったのに殉死。
English: "Nihonshoki" (Chronicles of Japan) says that she ran with bare feet swinging her hair and killed herself, and those who saw her grieved and moaned.
Japanese: その様子は『日本書紀』に「被髪徒跣、奔赴殉焉、見者皆歔欷（髪を振り乱して裸足で走り、殉死した。それを見た者は皆嘆き悲しんだ。）」と記されている。
English: Ko-zoku Gunjin refer to the members of the imperial family who became general officers of the Imperial Japanese Army or Imperial Japanese Navy.
Japanese: 皇族軍人（こうぞくぐんじん）とは、大日本帝国陸軍・海軍の将官となった皇族を指す。
English: According to the Meiji Constitution (Constitution of the Empire of Japan), the Emperor was in the position to supervise the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy as Daigensui (Commander-in-chief).
Japanese: 大日本帝国憲法下においては、天皇は大日本帝国陸海軍の大元帥として統括する立場にあった。
English: The Crown Prince was appointed as a general officer when he came of age or was regarded so.
Japanese: 皇太子は成人ないしはそれに見合う年齢になったとされると将官に任じられる。
English: According to the definition by Imperial Household Agency, villas with a certain size of building and site are regarded as Rikyu (detached palaces), whereas small-scale villas are called Goyotei.
Japanese: 宮内庁の定義では、一定規模の建造物と敷地を有するものを離宮とし、小規模のものを御用邸と称している。
English: Nasu Goyotei (located in Nasu-machi, Nasu-gun County, Tochigi Prefecture, from 1926 up to today)
Japanese: 那須御用邸（なすごようてい、栃木県那須郡那須町、1926年（大正15年）-）
English: In 2008, upon request of Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko the imperial family visited the Nasu Goyotei for the first time in autumn: October 24-27.
Japanese: 2008年には明仁・皇后美智子の意向を受けて史上初めて、10月24日～27日という秋の時期に訪れることとなった。
English: Hayama Goyotei (located in Hayama-cho, Miura-gun County, Kanagawa Prefecture, from 1894 up to today)
Japanese: 葉山御用邸（はやまごようてい、神奈川県三浦郡葉山町、1894年（明治27年）-）
English: Suzaki Goyotei (located in Shimoda City, Shizuoka Prefecture, from 1971 up to today)
Japanese: 須崎御用邸（すざきごようてい、静岡県下田市、1971年（昭和46年）-）
English: It was established in 1899, and abolished in 1931, and the site is currently occupied by Kamakura Municipal Onari Elementary School and Kamakura city hall.
Japanese: -1899年（明治32年）設置、1931年廃止、現在の鎌倉市立御成小学校、鎌倉市役所
English: Upon demise of Emperor Taisho in December 25, 1926, Crown Prince Hirohito succeeded to the imperial throne at the Hayama Goyotei.
Japanese: 葉山御用邸は、1926年12月25日、大正天皇の崩御に伴い、皇太子裕仁親王が践祚した。
English: In 2007, the control of about a half of the site of the Nasu Goyotei, which was the 570-hectare site, was transferred from Imperial Household Agency to Ministry of the Environment.
Japanese: 那須御用邸は、2007年に御用邸敷地の約半分の570ヘクタールが宮内庁から環境省に移管された。
English: The transferred site is planned to become a part of Nikko National Park in 2011, and will be opened to the public.
Japanese: 移管地は2011年度に日光国立公園の一部とし、一般開放する予定にしている。
English: Imperial Princess Inoe (717 - May 30, 775) was the first Princess of the 45th Emperor Shomu.
Japanese: 井上内親王（いのえ（いがみ）ないしんのう、養老元年（717年）-宝亀6年4月27日(旧暦)（775年5月30日））は第45代聖武天皇の第一皇女。
English: She was appointed to Ise no saigu (Saigu of the Ise-jingu Shrine) by fortune-telling on October 10, 721 when she was five.
Japanese: 養老5年（721年）9月11日(旧暦)に五歳で伊勢の斎宮にト定される。
English: On February 5, 744, she was dismissed from the post of Saio (high priestess) and resigned due to the death of her younger brother Prince Asaka.
Japanese: 天平16年（744年）1月13日(旧暦)、弟の安積親王の死により、斎王の任を解かれ、退下する。
English: Emperor Konin enthroned on October 27, 770, and she became empress on November 6, in the same year.
Japanese: 光仁天皇が宝亀元年（770年）10月1日(旧暦)に即位し、同年の11月6日(旧暦)、皇后となる。
English: Her son Imperial Prince Osabe was formally installed as Crown Prince on February 16, 771.
Japanese: その翌年の宝亀2年（771年）の1月23日(旧暦)、息子の他戸親王が立太子される。
English: On April 13, 772, she was removed from empress for the reason that she cursed Emperor Konin and Imperial Prince Osabe was also released from the crown prince on July 6, in the same year, and they were confined.
Japanese: 宝亀3年（772年）3月2日(旧暦)、光仁天皇を呪詛したとして皇后を廃され、同年の5月27日(旧暦)には他戸親王も皇太子を廃され、二人は幽閉される事になった。
English: Imperial Prince Yamanobe (later Emperor Kanmu) was formally installed as Crown Prince on February 2, 773, and Imperial Princess Inoe and Imperial Prince Osabe were confined in a confiscated house in Uchi-gun, Yamato-no-kuni (present Gojo City, Nara Prefecture) on November 12.
Japanese: 宝亀4年（773年）1月2日(旧暦)には山部親王（後の桓武天皇）が立太子し、10月19日(旧暦)、井上内親王と他戸親王は大和国宇智郡（現在の奈良県五條市）没官の邸に幽閉される。
English: Imperial Princess Inoe and his son Imperial Prince Osabe died in the place where they were confined on June 3, 775.
Japanese: その後、井上内親王はやがて幽閉先で宝亀6年（775年）4月27日、息子の他戸王と共に逝去した。
English: It is unbelievable that Imperial Princess Inoe cursed her old-aged husband, Emperor Konin, because Imperial Prince Osabe was already formally installed as Crown Prince.
Japanese: すでに息子の他戸親王は立太子され、井上内親王が老齢の夫、光仁天皇を呪ったとは、信じ難い所がある。
English: Imperial Princess Sakahito (the daughter of Imperial Princess Inoe) was suddenly appointed to Ise no Saio (Saio of the Ise-jingu Shrine) at the age of 19 on December 15, 772, after the deposition of her mother Imperial Princess Inoe as empress and Imperial Prince Osabe as crown prince, a daughter of Imperial Princess Inoe, and there is a possibility that the incident was related to the appointment of Imperial Princess Sakahito to Saio.
Japanese: さらに、宝亀3年（772年）、母の井上内親王と他戸親王の廃后と廃太子事件のあった後の11月13日(旧暦)、俄かに井上内親王の娘の酒人内親王が19歳で伊勢の斎王にト定されており、この事件と酒人内親王の斎王ト定は連動していた可能性がある。
English: FUJIWARA no Nagate, Minister of the Left, who is said to have made efforts for the investiture of the Imperial Princess Inoe and the investiture of the Crown Prince Osabe, died on March 15, 771 and the regime shifted from the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan to the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan, which is also worth paying attention.
Japanese: また、井上内親王の立后と他戸親王の立太子に尽力したと言われている左大臣藤原永手が宝亀2年（771年）の2月21日(旧暦)に他界して、藤原氏内部における藤原北家から藤原式家への政権移動があったことも注目すべき事柄である。
English: There is a theory which states that the incident of Imperial Princess Inoe's curse on Emperor Konin was a plot of the Ceremonial House of the Fujiwara clan, such as FUJIWARA no Yoshitsugu and FUJIWARA no Momokawa, who attempted to install Imperial Prince Yamanobe as the Crown Prince (or that the Imperial Princess was brought to bay by their political power).
Japanese: 井上内親王の光仁天皇呪詛事件は、山部親王の立太子をもくろむ藤原良継や藤原百川ら藤原式家一派の陰謀だと（あるいは彼らの政治的圧力によって内親王が追い詰められた結果とも）いう説がある。
English: ("Mizu Kagami" [The Water Mirror] contains a story that Emperor Konin told the empress, 'if I win, you give me a lady of great beauty. If I loose, I give you a young and strong man,' and the empress won, so his son Imperial Prince Yamanobe (later Emperor Kanmu) was introduced to her, and she got so attracted to the young prince, causing the incident.
Japanese: （『水鏡』では、光仁天皇が皇后と賭け事で「自分が勝ったら后に絶世の美女を紹介してもらおう。自分が負けたら后に若く逞しい男性を与えよう」と言い、結果皇后の勝ちであったために息子の山部親王（後の桓武天皇）を差し出したところ、皇后が若い親王に夢中になってしまったのが事件の原因であるという話が見える）
English: According to "Ichidai Yoki" (summary chronicle of each reign), Imperial Prince Osabe was a son who was given birth by Nyoju (court lady who serves in the inner palace) Agata no Inu Kai no Sukune Isamimi who was in the same family as the mother of Imperial Prince Inoe, and Imperial Prince Inoe took care of him as his son.
Japanese: なお、『一代要記』によれば他戸親王は井上内親王の母と同族の女嬬・県犬養宿禰勇耳の産んだ息子で、井上内親王が引き取り、我が子として育てたという説もある。
English: Natural disasters occurred frequently after 776, and they were dreaded as the acts of the revengeful ghosts of the deposed empress and the deposed crown prince and a rumor started to circulate that the empress became a dragon.
Japanese: 宝亀7年（776年）から天災地変がしきりに起こり、廃后・廃太子の怨霊と恐れられ、また廃后は竜になったという噂が立った。
English: In addition, Imperial Princess Inoe was given a title of empress and her grave was renamed to become an imperial tomb at the occasion of restoring the impaired reputation of Emperor Sudo (Imperial Prince Sawara) in 800.
Japanese: さらに延暦19年（800年）、崇道天皇（早良親王）の名誉回復にあわせ、井上内親王を皇后と追号し、御墓を山陵と追称する。
English: Tochi no Himemiko (653 [Some say 648] - May 3, 678) was the first Princess of Emperor Tenmu (Mother was Nukata no Okimi) and the lawful wife of Prince Otomo (Otomo no Oji) (Emperor Kobun).
Japanese: 十市皇女（とおちのひめみこ、653年（白雉4年）?（大化4年（648年）説も）-天武天皇7年4月7日(旧暦)（678年5月3日））天武天皇の第一皇女（母は額田王）、大友皇子（弘文天皇）の正妃。
English: She became the lawful wife of Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun), an Imperial prince of Emperor Tenchi, and gave birth to Kadono no Okimi around 669.
Japanese: 天智天皇の皇子の大友皇子（弘文天皇）の正妃となり、天智天皇8年（669年）頃?葛野王を産む。
English: However, in the Jinshin Rebellion which occurred in 672, her father and her husband ended up fighting against each other.
Japanese: しかし、天武天皇元年（672年）に起こった壬申の乱では、父と夫が戦うという事態になってしまう。