nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Kanku became Gon-Risshi (generally in Shingon sect, fifteenth-ranking Buddhist priest, literally, "supernumerary master of discipline") in 945, and then successively held the following posts; To-ji choja, Kongobuji Temple's zasu (head priest), Ninna-ji Temple betto (secretary in the office of temple), and Ninna-ji temple homu (Director of Temple Affairs) and became Sojo in 964.
Japanese: 945年（天慶8年）権律師となり、その後東寺長者・金剛峯寺座主・仁和寺別当・同寺法務を歴任し、964年（康保元年）僧正にいたった。
English: He established Jobonrendai-ji Temple, and in 971 resigning from all the posts, and he adjusted the temple, which became Koryu-ji Temple by Emperor Murakami's order.
Japanese: 上品蓮台寺を建立し、971年（天禄2年）に諸職を辞して蓮台寺の充実整備を行い、村上天皇の御願による香隆寺となった。
English: Nichiju (June 11, 1314 - February 28, 1392) was a Nichiren sect priest in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
Japanese: 日什（にちじゅう）（1314年6月11日）～（1392年2月28日）は、南北朝時代(日本)の日蓮宗の僧。
English: Nichiju was born in Aizu Kurokawa, Mutsu Province (present-day, Aizuwakamatsu City, Fukushima Prefecture) in 1314.
Japanese: 1314年（正和3年）に陸奥国会津黒川（現在の福島県会津若松市）で誕生する。
English: In 1372, he was invited by the Ashina clan, the feudal lord of Aizu, to become the chief priest of Haguroyama Toko-ji Temple (present-day, closed).
Japanese: 1372年（応安5年）に会津領主の蘆名氏の招きにより、故郷の羽黒山東光寺（廃寺）の住職となる。
English: In 1380, Nichiju showed allegiance to Guho-ji Temple (Ichikawa City) (Chiba Prefecture) of the Nichiren sect.
Japanese: 1380年（康暦2年）に日蓮宗の弘法寺(市川市)（千葉県）に帰伏する。
English: He also reported the religious idea to Emperor Goenyu and was bestowed with the position of 'Nii no sozu,' and 'the imperial order to propagandize the sect in the capital.'
Japanese: また、後円融天皇へ上奏し、「二位僧都」の位と「洛中弘法の綸旨」を賜った。
English: In 1389, Nichiju established Myoman-ji Temple (Kyoto Prefecture) and founded Nichijumon school.
Japanese: 1389年（康応1年）に日什は妙満寺（京都府）を建立し、日什門流という一派を興す。
English: Nichijin, one of his disciples, cremated his body, built the mausoleum and established Myokoku-ji Temple (Fukushima Prefecture).
Japanese: 弟子の日仁は遺体を荼毘に附し廟所を設け、妙國寺（福島県）を建立する。
English: Nichio (July 5, 1565 - April 22, 1630) was a Nichiren sect priest from the Azuchi-momoyama to the early Edo period.
Japanese: 日奥（にちおう、1565年7月5日（永禄8年6月8日(旧暦)）-1630年4月22日（寛永7年3月10日(旧暦)））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代前期にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
English: In 1574, Nichio learned doctrine of the sect under Nitten at Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture).
Japanese: 1574年（天正2年）妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）日典を師として法を学んだ。
English: In 1595, Nichio opposed to Jufuse school, including Nichiju in Honman-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture) about whether they should attend Senso kuyoe (ceremony of thousand priest mass) at Hoko-ji Temple Daibutsu-den Hall, which was hosted by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI.
Japanese: 1595年（文禄4年）豊臣秀吉が主催した方広寺大仏殿の千僧供養会へ出仕するかどうかで、本満寺(京都市)（京都府）日重らの受不施派と対立した。
English: Nichio left Myokaku-ji Temple (Kyoto City) (Kyoto Prefecture), insisting on Fuju-fuse-gi (nothing could be received or given), and lived in seclusion in Koizumi, Tanba Province.
Japanese: 日奥は、不受不施義を主張して妙覚寺(京都市)（京都府）を去り、丹波国小泉に隠棲した。
English: In 1599, Nichio didn't attend the Kuyo-e (memorial service), which was hosted by Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and was exiled to Tsushima Island due to Osaka tairon.
Japanese: 1599年（慶長4年）徳川家康による供養会にも出席せず、大阪対論により対馬に流罪となった。
English: In 1623, after spending thirteen years in Tsushima, Nichio was pardoned and the gutsu (missionary activities) of Fuju-fuse-gi was allowed.
Japanese: 対馬にいること13年、1623年（元和(日本)9年）赦免となり、不受不施派の弘通が許された。
English: The two schools had a debate (Shinchi tairon) at the Edo-jo Castle, and Nichio was taken as the leader of the Fujufuse school, which was considered to rebel against the Bakufu and sentenced to be again exiled to Tsushima Island.
Japanese: 両者は江戸城にて対論した結果（身池対論）、日奥は、幕府に逆らう不受不施派の首謀者とされ、再度、対馬に流罪となった。
English: Nichiju (1549 to 1623) was a Nichiren sect priest from the Azuchi-momoyama to the early the Edo period.
Japanese: 日重（にちじゅう、天文(元号)18年（1549年）－元和(日本)9年（1623年））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代前期にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
English: As for the doctrine, Nichiju denied his master, Nichiko's Shakubuku shugi (the doctrine of Shakubuku, the method of propagating Buddhism by correcting another's mistaken views) but accepted the doctrine of Shoju shugi (the doctrine of Shoju, the method of propagating Buddhism by teaching without pointing out mistaken beliefs) and developed it.
Japanese: 教学的には師日珖の折伏主義を排して摂受主義の教義を発展的に継承した。
English: In 1595, it was discussed whether they should attend Senso kuyoe (ceremony of a thousand priests) which was hosted by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as representatives of the Nichiren sect, Nichiju promoted Jufuse from the standpoint of protecting the doctrine and strongly opposed to Nichio, who took the position of Fuju-fuse-gi (nothing could be received or given).
Japanese: 1595年（文禄4年）豊臣秀吉が主催した京都方広寺大仏殿の千僧供養会に日蓮宗として出仕するかどうかの問題では、宗門護持の立場から受不施を推進し、不受不施の立場を取った日奥と鋭く対立した。
English: Nichiko (1532 - 1598) was a monk of Nichiren Sect in the Azuchi-momoyama period.
Japanese: 日珖（にちこう、天文(元号)元年（1532年）－慶長3年（1598年））は、安土桃山時代の日蓮宗の僧。
English: It is said that Sonkei, his mentor at Mt. Hiei, appreciated Nichiko's broad scholarship and presented him a fragment of Murasaki kesa (purple robe for Buddhist priest), which was in connection with Saicho and was a temple treasure.
Japanese: 比叡山での師尊契は日珖の広い学識に感じて最澄ゆかりの神宝である紫袈裟を切って贈ったという。
English: While he reconstructed Sakai Chogen-ji Temple in 1558, he also gained faith from Miyoshi clan in Kawachi Province.
Japanese: 1558年（弘治4年）堺長源寺を再興する一方で、河内国の三好一族の信仰を得た。
English: Although he originally adopted shakubuku shugi (the method of propagating Buddhism through correcting others' mistaken views), he later converted to Setsuju shugi (the method of propagating Buddhism through teaching without pointing out others' mistaken views) after a religious debate with Jodo Sect (so-called Azuchi Shuron) that was conducted in 1579 at the behest of Nobunaga ODA.
Japanese: 当初は激しい折伏主義をとっていたが、1579年（天正7年）織田信長の命による浄土宗との宗論（いわゆる安土宗論）をきっかけとして摂受主義に転じた。
English: Nikken (1560 - December 6, 1635) was a Buddhist monk of Nichiren Sect in the Azuchi-momoyama period to the early Edo period.
Japanese: 日乾（にっけん、永禄3年（1560年）－寛永12年10月27日(旧暦)（1635年12月6日））は、安土桃山時代から江戸時代前期にかけての日蓮宗の僧。
English: In 1569, he became a Buddhist monk with Nikkin, a monk of Chogen-ji Temple in Wakasa Province, with his mentor and in 1571, two years later, he studied under Nichiju, a monk of Honman-ji Temple in Kyoto.
Japanese: 1569年（永禄12年）若狭国長源寺の日欽に師事して出家、2年後の1571年（元亀2年）京都本満寺の日重に学んだ。
English: Although he took the position of Fuju-fuse (a school of Nichiren Sect which asserts that fuse (money etc. given to monks) must not be received or given from those who believe in other sutras than Hokke-kyo Sutra) during the era of Bunroku, he later changed his position to Ju-fuse (a school of Nichiren sect which asserts fuse can be received even from those who believe in other sutras than Hokke-kyo Sutra) and became in 1602 the 21st chief priest of Minobusan Kuon-ji Temple.
Japanese: 文禄年間頃は不受不施を主張していたが、慶長年間に入ると受不施の立場に変り、1602年（慶長7年）身延山久遠寺21世として入寺している。
English: He was embraced by Yorinobu TOKUGAWA, the lord of Kishu Domain in Kii Province, and reconstructed Renei-ji Temple in Suruga Province with Yorinobu.
Japanese: 紀伊国紀州藩主徳川頼宣の帰依を受け、頼宣の援助により駿河国蓮永寺を再興している。
English: In response to the invitation of Koetsu HONAMI, he founded in 1627 Josho-ji Temple (Kyoto City) at Rakuhoku Takagamine as well as its danrin (a school annexed to a temple).
Japanese: また、1627年（寛永4年）には、本阿弥光悦の招きにより洛北鷹峰に常照寺(京都市)を創建して檀林を開創した。
English: Eun (798 - October 31, 869) was a Buddhist monk of Shingon Sect in the early Heian period.
Japanese: 恵運（えうん、延暦17年（798年）－貞観_(日本)11年9月23日(旧暦)（869年10月31日））は、平安時代前期の真言宗の僧。
English: He initially studied the doctrine of Hosso Sect under Taiki of Todai-ji Temple and Chukei of Yakushi-ji Temple, he became in 824 a disciple of Jichie, a monk of Shingon Sect, after receiving religious precept.
Japanese: 初め東大寺泰基・薬師寺仲継に法相教学を学んだが、受戒後の824年（天長元年）真言宗の実恵（じちえ）の門下に入った。
English: After he served as a proofreader of hand-written Issai-kyo Sutra in the Kanto region and a lecturer at Chikushi Kanzeon-ji Temple, he went to Tang in 842 on a ship owned by Ri Shojin, a merchant of Tang.
Japanese: 関東での一切経書写の検校や筑紫観世音寺講師などを歴任した後、842年（承和(日本)9年）唐の商人李処人の船で唐に渡った。
English: He received Kanjo (a ceremony to be the successor) from Gishin of Changan Qinglongsi Temple (Xian City) and thereafter, made a pilgrimage to Mt. Wutai Shan (China) as well as Tendai-san.
Japanese: 長安青龍寺(西安市)で義真に灌頂を受け、五台山(中国)・天台山を巡拝した。
English: At the wish of a nyogo (a high-ranking lady in the court (a consort of an emperor)), Fujiwara no Junshi, he founded Kyoto Ansho-ji Temple (Kyoto City) in 848.
Japanese: 翌848年（承和15年）女御藤原順子の発願により京都安祥寺(京都市)を開創した。
English: Kani (1062 - July 12, 1101) was a Buddhist monk of Shingon Sect in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 寛意（かんい、康平5年（1062年）-康和3年6月15日(旧暦)（1101年7月12日））は、平安時代後期の真言宗の僧。
English: He learned the doctrine of Hirosawa school of Shingon Sect under priest-Imperial Prince Shoshin and became Gojiso (a priest who prays for the emperor) of the Emperor Shirakawa.
Japanese: 性信入道親王のもとで真言宗広沢流の法を受け、白河天皇の護持僧となった。
English: In response to the request by priest-Imperial Prince Shoshin, he founded Kanjo-in Temple at Mt. Koya in 1086 and was appointed as Gon Shosozu (a title of high-ranking priest) and Betto (a chief administrator of a temple) of Enshu-ji Temple.
Japanese: 1086年（応徳3年）性信入道親王の依頼を受けて高野山に灌頂院を創建し、権少僧都・円宗寺別当に任じられた。
English: When the Retired Emperor Shirakawa visited Mt. Koya in 1088, he opened the door of Miei-do hall (a hall dedicated to the sect's founder) at the behest of the Retired Emperor.
Japanese: 1088年（応徳5年）白河上皇の高野山行幸の際、命により御影堂を開扉している。
English: As his Kujaku Kyobo (the ritual for averting disasters) was known as the one that had a miraculous effect, he was appointed as Gon Daisozu and the second head priest of To-ji Temple.
Japanese: 孔雀経法を修して霊験があったとされ、権大僧都・東寺二長者に任じられた。
English: As he hated Hirosawa school which was then ornate, he strived to restore it and was deemed as the founder of Kannonin school.
Japanese: 当時華美であった広沢流を嫌いその復古につとめ、その後観音院流の祖とされた。
English: Gakyo (date birth is not known - February 8, 1013) was a Buddhist monk of Shingon Sect in the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 雅慶（がきょう・がけい、生年不詳－長和元年12月25日(旧暦)（1013年2月8日））は、平安時代中期の真言宗の僧。
English: Thereafter, he received Kanjo from Genko and learned the doctrine of both Hirosawa school and Ono school of Shingon Sect from him.
Japanese: ついで元杲（げんこう）から灌頂をうけ、真言宗広沢流・小野流双方の法を受けた。
English: He became the head priest of Ninna-ji Temple in 986, the head priest of To-ji Temple and the head priest of Mt. Koya in 998 and the head priest of Todai-ji Temple in 999, the following year.
Japanese: 986年（寛和2年）に仁和寺別当、998年（長徳4年）に東寺一長者兼高野山座主となり、翌999年（長徳5年）には東大寺別当に任じられた。
English: He was conferred the title of Sojo (a title of high-ranking priest next to Daisojo) in 1002 and when he was conferred the title of Daisojo (a title of the highest-ranking priest) in 1011, he held Daizo-kyo Sutra Kuyo (a Buddhist ceremony commemorating Daizokyo Sutra's importation into Japan) at Ichijo-in Temple and founded Homan-in Temple.
Japanese: 1002年（長保4年）に僧正、1011年（寛弘8年）には大僧正に任じられ、一条院で大蔵経供養を行い、宝満院を創建した。
English: "Hannyashin-gyo Hiken" was a commentary on "Hannya Shingyo" (the Wisdom Sutras) and was written by Kukai around 818.
Japanese: 『般若心経秘鍵』（はんにゃしんぎょうひけん）は、818年頃に空海によって書かれた『般若心経』の注釈書である。
English: Some schools of the Shingon sect sometimes read "Hannyashin-gyo Hiken" as makura-gyo Death Guidance (pillow sutra).
Japanese: 真言宗系の宗派によっては、『般若心経秘鍵』を枕経として読む場合がある。
English: It points out the similarities and differences between Kumaraju's translation of "Hannya Shingyo" and Daihenkaku Sanjo's (Xuan Zang) translation and it also defines "Hannya Shingyo" as a teaching to dive into deep meditation with the help of Daishin Shingon mantra of Hannya-bosatsu.
Japanese: まず、『般若心経』の鳩摩羅什訳と大遍覚三蔵（玄奘）訳との異同点を指摘し、次いで『般若心経』を般若菩薩の大心真言による深い禅定に入るための教えと定義している。
English: It preaches that "Hannya Shingyo" should not be mixed with "Daihannyaharamitta-kyo Sutra," because they contain the same phrases, just as dragons shouldn't be considered the same as snakes because both have the same scales.
Japanese: そして、龍に蛇の鱗があると雖も、両者を同じと見てはならない事と同様に、『般若心経』に『大般若波羅蜜多経』と同じ文言があるからといって混同してはならないと説いている。
English: It also pays attention to Shingon granted to the last part and recommends that you should not read "Hannya Shingyo" but make it the object for kansho (meditation based on Shingon nenju) and practice it.
Japanese: また、最後の部分に真言がされている事に着目し、『般若心経』を読誦するのではなく、観誦（真言念誦による瞑想）の対象とし、その実践を勧めている。
English: Soni (866 - April 4, 940) was a Buddhist monk of Tendai Sect in the mid-Heian period.
Japanese: 尊意（そんい、貞観_(日本)8年（866年）－天慶3年2月24日(旧暦)（940年4月4日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: As he became religious when he saw a picture of hell at Kichiden-ji Temple located at the east side of Kamo-gawa River (the Yodo-gawa River system), he studied the doctrine of Tendai Sect initially under Kenitsu of Kozan-ji Temple and later under Zozen of Gokuraku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei.
Japanese: 鴨川(淀川水系)東の吉田寺で地獄絵を見て発心し、初め高山寺の賢一、ついで比叡山極楽寺の増全に師事して天台教学を学んだ。
English: He was known as an ascetic Buddhist monk who was good at such rites like Buccho Sonsho ho and Fudo ho and it has been passed down that his rites conducted during Taira no Masakado's War (Johei War) had a miraculous effect.
Japanese: 仏頂尊勝法・不動法の修法を得意とする験者として知られ、平将門の乱（承平の乱）における調伏にも霊験があったと伝えられている。
English: It is said that though he originally aspired to go to the Pure Land after death, he aspired to go to Tusita Heaven, a world where miroku (Maitreya) lives, when he died.
Japanese: 当初極楽浄土への往生を願っていたが、没時には弥勒兜率天往生願生に改めたとされる。
English: Kakunyo was a Buddhist monk of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) who was active from the end Kamakura period to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan).
Japanese: 覚如（かくにょ）は、鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代(日本)にかけての浄土真宗の僧。
English: He strived to convert 'Otani-byodo Mausoleum' into a temple (establishment of Hongan-ji Temple) and laid the foundation of a religious order headed by Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: 「大谷廟堂」の寺院化（本願寺の成立）に尽力し、本願寺を中心とする教団の基礎となった。
English: (Though Shinran is generally believed to be the founder, Shinran didn't have the intention to establish a sect and Kakunyo decided after Hongan-ji Temple was established.)
Japanese: （一般に開祖は、親鸞とされるが、親鸞自身に開宗の意思は無く、本願寺成立後、覚如が定めた。)
English: While writing many books, including, but not limited to "Hoon-ko Shiki" (Buddhist sutra for Hoon-ko (a memorial services for Shinran)), "Hongan-ji Shonin Dene" (Buddhist picture scrolls painted about the life of Shinran), ("Godensho" (description of Honganji Shonin Denne (Buddhist picture scrolls painted about the life of Shinran)), "Shinran Dene"), "Shuji Sho" ("On Embracing the Name"), "Kuden Sho" ("What Shinran Taught") and "Gaija Sho" ("Setting the Claims Straight"), he constantly asserted that Shinran was the legitimate successor of Honen and that the religious order of Hongan-ji should have a leading role in Jodo Shinshu.
Japanese: 『報恩講私記』、『本願寺聖人伝絵』（『御伝鈔』・『親鸞伝絵』）、『執持鈔（しゅうじしょう）』、『口伝鈔』（くでんしょう）、『改邪鈔』（がいじゃしょう）など多数撰述し、法然の正統な後継者としての親鸞と浄土真宗内における本願寺教団の優位性を主張した。
English: In order to ensure consistency with those of his books, dates will be shown based on a lunar calendar (except for the year, month and day of birth and death) and gengo (an era name) during the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) will be shown by those of the Northern Court.
Japanese: 日付は、著作との整合を保つ為、旧暦表示（性歿年月日を除く）とし、南北朝時代(日本)の元号は、北朝（京都）で表記する。
English: He was born in Kyoto on February 16, 1271.
Japanese: 文永7年12月28日(旧暦)（1271年2月16日）、京都に生まれる。
English: In 1277, he studied holy writings, both home and foreign, under Jishinbo Chokai, who resided at a neighboring temple, and was instructed 'Shoshin-shu' of Tendai Sect.
Japanese: 建治3年（1277年）頃、隣房の慈信房澄海（ちょうかい）の元、内外の聖典の修学に励み、天台宗「初心集」を伝受される。
English: In 1282 (or 1284), he became a disciple of Saisho Hoin Shuto, a monk of Enryaku-ji Temple.
Japanese: 弘安5年（1282年）（弘安7年〈1284年〉とも）、延暦寺の宰相法印宗澄（しゅうとう）に入門。
English: In 1283, he became a disciple of Shinsho, a monk of Kofuku-ji Temple Ichijo-in, and learned the doctrine of Hosso Sect.
Japanese: 弘安6年（1283年）、興福寺一乗院の信昭に入室し、法相教の教えを受ける。
English: In 1286, he entered the Buddhist priesthood and received Buddhist precepts at Kofuku-ji Temple Ichijo-in in Nara and thereafter, he was called 'Kakunyobo Soshu' and he further studied under Gyokaku.
Japanese: 弘安9年（1286年）、奈良興福寺一乗院にて、出家・受戒し「覚如房宗昭」と号され、行覚に学ぶ。
English: In 1287, he learned Shugi (the teachings of Honen and Shinran) from Nyoshin (Shinran's grandchild) who came to Kyoto for attending Shinran's Shogetsuki (anniversary of the month of one's death).
Japanese: 弘安10年（1287年）、親鸞の祥月忌の為に上洛した如信（親鸞の孫）より、宗義（法然・親鸞の教え）を学ぶ。
English: Since this year, he visited Shinran's remains in Togoku (Kanto region) along with his father Kakue and Joga Hogen and was taught by Shinran's disciples.
Japanese: 同年より、父覚惠、浄賀（じょうがほうげん）らと共に、東国（関東）の親鸞の遺跡を巡拝し、遺弟に教えを受ける。
English: In 1294, he wrote "Hoon-ko Shiki" (Hoon-ko Shiki, Shikimon) on the occasion of the 32nd anniversary of Shinran's death (the origin of Hoon-ko).
Japanese: 永仁2年（1294年）、親鸞の33回忌に『報恩講私記』（報恩講式・式文）を撰述する（報恩講の始まり）。
English: In 1295, he wrote "Hongan-ji Shonin Dene" (first version 'Jusandan' (13 chapters)).
Japanese: 永仁3年（1295年）、『本願寺聖人伝絵』（初稿本・「十三段」）を撰述する。
English: In 1301, he wrote "Shui-Kotoku Den," in which he emphasized that Shinran was the successor of Honen.
Japanese: 正安3年（1301年）、親鸞が法然の後継者である事を主眼に置いた『拾遺古徳伝』を著作する。
English: In 1302, a conflict erupted between Kakue and Yuizen concerning the position of Rusushiki (the custodian of Shinran's Mausoleum at Otani) (Yuizen Incident).
Japanese: 正安4年（1302年）、覚恵と唯善の間に起こった留守職就任問題（唯善事件）が勃発する（唯善事件）。
English: In 1306, Yuizen robbed Kakue of the key of Otani Byodo Mausoleum and occupied it.
Japanese: 徳治元年（1306年）、覚惠は唯善に大谷廟堂の鍵を強奪され、占拠される。
English: In July, 1309, it was decided by Shoren-in Temple that Rusushiki of Otani Byodo Mausoleum should be succeeded by Kakunyo.
Japanese: 延慶(日本)2年（1309年）7月、青蓮院により大谷廟堂留守職は、覚如に継承される事が裁定される。
English: Yuizen, who was defeated, destroyed Otani Byodo Mausoleum thoroughly, took Mieizo (wooden statue of Shinran) as well as a portion of Shinran's remains and ran away to Kamakura.
Japanese: 敗れた唯善は、大谷廟堂を徹底的に破壊し、御影像（親鸞の木像）と遺骨の一部を奪い、鎌倉へ逃亡する。
English: However, Togoku Monto (believers in Kanto region) didn't unconditionally admit Kakunyo as the successor because they didn't like that the successor of Rusushiki of Otani Byodo Mausoleum was limited to a person who was related by birth.
Japanese: しかし東国門徒は、大谷廟堂留守職継承を血縁に限定されるのを嫌い、無条件には覚如を認めなかった。
English: In the face of such a situation, he was forced to write a petition consisting of 12 clauses (as of July 26 in the same year) on the premise of his inauguration as Rusushiki.
Japanese: やむなく留守職就任を前提とした十二か条からなる懇望状（同年7月26日付）を記す。
English: Triggered by the above incident, he realized the limitation in the weak position of Rusushiki and started to think of the conversion of 'Otani Byodo Mausoleum' into a temple.
Japanese: この事が切っ掛けで、脆弱な立場の留守職に、限界を感じ「大谷廟堂」の寺院化を考えるようになる。
English: In 1311, he reconstructed Mieizo and Ei-do Hall (a hall dedicated to sect's founder) on the occasion of the 49th anniversary of Shinran's death.
Japanese: 延慶4年/応長元年（1311年）、親鸞五十回忌に当たり、御影像と影堂を再建する。
English: In 1314, he handed over the position of Rusushiki to Zonkaku, his eldest son, and entered into a secluded life at Ichijo Omiya due to his own illness as well as with the aim of making the succession of Rusushiki by a bloodline a fait accompli.
Japanese: 正和3年（1314年）、自身の病身と血脈による留守職継承を既成事実とする為、長男の存覚に留守職を譲り、一条大宮に隠居する。
English: In 1321, he converted 'Otani Byodo Mausoleum' into a temple and named it 'Hongan-ji Temple' (the establishment of Hongan-ji Temple).
Japanese: 元亨元年（1321年）、「大谷廟堂」を寺院化し、「本願寺」と号する（本願寺の成立）。
English: In 1322, he severed his relations with Zonkaku and was reinstated in Bettoshoku because of a conflict of opinion concerning the succession of Rusushiki by a bloodline and the attitude toward Togoku Monto.
Japanese: 元亨2年（1322年）、留守職の血脈継承と東国門徒に対する意見の相違により、存覚を義絶し、別当職に復職する。
English: In 1331, he wrote "Kuden Sho" in which he declared 'a bloodline of three generations' and insisted his succession of Hoto (the light of Buddhism).
Japanese: 元弘元年（1331年）、『口伝抄』を撰述し、「三代伝持の血脈（けちみゃく）」を表明し、法灯継承を主張する。
English: (Religious line: Honen=>Shinran=>Nyoshin=>Kakunyo, bloodline: Shinran=>Kakushinni=>Kakue=>Kakunyo) He defined himself as the third head priest of Hongan-ji Temple.
Japanese: （法脈…法然⇒親鸞⇒如信⇒覚如、血統…親鸞⇒覚信尼⇒覚恵⇒覚如）自らを本願寺三世と位置づける。
English: In 1332, he went to Oami (Furudono-machi, Shirakawa-gun, Fukushima Prefecture) in Mutsu Province in order to preach at the memorial service for the 32nd anniversary of Nyoshin's death.
Japanese: 正慶元年（1332年）、如信の三十三回忌の勤修の為、陸奥国の大網（現、福島県白川郡古殿町）に赴く。
English: Taking this opportunity, he convinced 20-odd Togoku Monto to admit that he was the legitimate inheritor of sect's doctrine as well as the successor of Hoto and got them to sign their names.
Japanese: 同時に有力な東国門徒20人余りに、正統な宗義の相伝者・法灯の継承者である事を認めさせ署名させる。
English: In 1336, he evacuated to Omi Uriuzu, where Zonkaku resided, in order to keep away from the war initiated by Takauji ASHIKAGA.
Japanese: 建武(日本)3年（1336年）、足利尊氏による戦乱を避け、存覚の居住する近江瓜生津に疎開する。
English: In 1338, he absolved Zonkaku of gizetsu and handed over Bettoshoku to him through the mediation of Gutotsu of Omi Uriuzu.
Japanese: 建武5年/暦応元年（1338年）、近江瓜生津の愚咄の仲裁により、存覚の義絶を赦免し、別当職を譲る。
English: In 1342, he again severed his relations with Zonkaku and was reinstated in Bettoshoku.
Japanese: 暦応5年、康永元年（1342年）存覚を再び義絶し、別当職に復職する。
English: He supplemented "Hongan-ji Shonin Dene" ("Godensho") and made it a book consisting of 15 chapters (Koeibon (a book written in Koei era)).
Japanese: 『本願寺上人伝絵』（『御伝鈔』）を増補して、十五段とする（「康永本」）。
English: He got Enjuku (a son of Joga Hogen) and his disciple Soshun to draw "Goeden."
Japanese: 『御絵伝』は、円寂（えんじゅく、浄賀法眼の子）と門人・宗舜（そうしゅん）に描かせる。
English: (For worshippers' convenience sake, words and pictures were separately compiled in "Godensho" and "Goeden" respectively.)
Japanese: （拝観の便を考え、詞を『御伝鈔』、絵を『御絵伝』と別仕立てにした。）
English: On February 23, 1351, he died in his 82nd year.
Japanese: 観応2年1月19日(旧暦)（1351年2月23日）、82歳（数え年）にて覚如入滅する。
English: He often attended Buddhist meetings held in the Imperial court or by aristocracy, and served as naigubu (a special monk who holds a position in the Imperial court) from 990 to 995.
Japanese: 宮中や貴族の法会にしばしば列席し、正暦年間（990年－995年）に内供奉（ないぐぶ）となった。
English: Although Kanin was at first critical of Genshin's Mukae-ko, he came to believe in it and established the Daimitsu Ryuzenin-ryu school under the teaching of Genshin.
Japanese: 源信の迎講（むかえこう）には当初批判的であったがその後帰依し、源信の教を奉じて台密龍禅院流を形成した。
English: He visited many places for an enlightenment campaign, and established Mukae-ko at Amanohashidate in Tango Province.
Japanese: その後、諸国教化のため遍歴し、丹後国では天橋立において迎講をおこした。
English: Kanshun (978 - October 9, 1057) was a Buddhist monk of the Tendai sect who lived during the mid Heian period.
Japanese: 桓舜（かんしゅん、天元(日本)元年（978年）－天喜5年9月9日(旧暦)（1057年10月9日））は、平安時代中期の天台宗の僧。
English: He learned about the Tendai doctrine from Kyoen, the head priest of the Tendai sect, and was called as one of the four masters of Mt. Hiei along with Teien, Nichijo, and Henkyu.
Japanese: 天台座主慶円に天台教学を学び、貞円・日助・遍救とともに比叡山の四傑と称された。
English: Since he had served as the lecturer at the Thirty Lectures of the Lotus Sutra held by FUJIWARA no Michinaga in 1016, he was active among the Imperial Court aristocrats.
Japanese: 1016年（長和5年）藤原道長の法華三十講の講師となって以来、朝廷の貴族の間で活躍した。
English: In 1035 he got Gon-Risshi (generally in Shingon sect, fifteenth-ranking Buddhist priest, literally, "supernumerary master of discipline"), in 1039 became the zasu (temple's head priest) of Gokuraku-ji Temple, followed by being promoted to the head priest of Hossho-ji Temple, and reached Gon dai sozu (the provisional second highest position, upper grade, of priest) in 1054.
Japanese: 1035年（長元8年）権律師、1039年（長暦3年）極楽寺座主、ついで法性寺座主と昇任し、1054年（天喜2年）権大僧都に至った。
English: Kanshin (also known as Kanjin) (1084 - April 2, 1153) was a Shingon sect priest in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 寛信（かんしん・かんじん、応徳元年（1084年）－仁平3年3月7日(旧暦)（1153年4月2日））は、平安時代後期の真言宗の僧。
English: He learned San-lun Teachings from Kakuju at Todai-ji Temple, and esoteric points of the Shingon sect Ono school from Genkaku at Kanshu-ji Temple.
Japanese: 東大寺覚樹に三論教学を学び、勧修寺厳覚から真言宗小野流の奥義を受けた。
English: He assumed the post of Betto (the superior of a temple) of Kanshu-ji temple in 1110 and worked hard for the provision of Hokke hakko (ceremonial series of eight lectures on the eight scrolls of the Lotus Sutra) at the temple.
Japanese: 1110年（天永元年）勧修寺別当に就任し、勧修寺における法華八講の整備に力を注いだ。