nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: It was held in 1815 as a sake contest to celebrate the 60th birthday of Rokuemon NAKAYA (中屋六衛門) who lived at Senju-juku Station.
Japanese: 文化12年（1815年）、千住宿に住む中屋六衛門の六十歳の誕生日を祝う競飲会として催された。
English: In 1882, the Osaka prefectural police banned the conference of sake breweries because of the growing opposition movement against a tax increase by the Meiji government.
Japanese: 明治15年（1882年）　酒造業者の明治政府への増税反対運動が高まり、大阪府警は酒屋会議を禁止。
English: It was a sake contest held at Kumagaya Town (Yorii Town), Osato County, Saitama Prefecture in 1927.
Japanese: 昭和2年（1927年）、埼玉県大里郡熊谷町（寄居町）で催された競飲会。
English: After that, such folkways decreased early because of the unstable condition of the nation and the rise of the military in the 1930s, and the circumstances of sake had greatly changed.
Japanese: 以後、1930年代に入ると国情不安、軍部の台頭などによりこのような風俗はつとに減少し、また日本酒をめぐる情勢も激変していくこととなる。
English: (1984 to 1989) A trial on home-made Doburoku which was headed for the Supreme Court disputed which was more important, the pursuit of happiness in people's food culture or the procurement of tax revenue of the nation.
Japanese: （1984年-1989年）　食文化における国民の幸福の追求か、国家の税収の確保かを争点として、自家製酒どぶろくをめぐって最高裁まで争われた裁判。
English: "Makura no Soshi Ekotoba" refers to the picture scrolls on which impressive scenes selected from the passages in the diary of "Makura no Soshi" (The Pillow Book) were depicted.
Japanese: 枕草子絵詞（まくらのそうしえことば）は、『枕草子』の日記章段の印象的な場面を抽出して絵画化した絵巻。
English: The entry for December 28, 1438, in "Kanmongyoki" (Diary of Imperial Prince Fushimi no miya Sadafusa) includes the phrase 'two picture scrolls of scenes from the Pillow Book of Sei Shonagon.'
Japanese: 『看聞御記』（永享十年十二月三日条、時に西暦1438年）に「清少納言枕草子絵二巻」とある。
English: Its origin is unclear, but it is thought that it was probably brought by Kitamaebune (a trading ship in Edo and Meiji period) because Sakata flourished as a rice port in Edo period and had contacts with Kyoto via Kitamae route (traveling west).
Japanese: 発祥は定かではないが、江戸時代において酒田は米の積み出し港として栄え、北前航路（西廻り）を通じて京都との交流があったことから、おそらく北前船によって伝えられたものと考えられている。
English: Also in 1765, Mitsuoka HOMMA, the 3rd generation of the Homma family and a great merchant from Sakata City, asked a puppet maker in Kyoto for float production to stimulate the town of Sakata with a big Sanno Festival like Yamahoko-junko (a parade of beautifully decorated floats) of the Gion Festival in Kyoto.
Japanese: また、1765年に酒田市の豪商・本間家3代本間光丘は、京都の祇園祭山鉾巡行に習い、山王祭りを盛大にすることによって酒田の町を活性化させようと京都の人形師に山車製作を依頼した。
English: The former annex of the Honma family is Honma museum now and is decorated with a pair of Kasafuku once owned by the Kazama family who were purveyors of the Shonai Domain, together with hina dolls on a tiered platform.
Japanese: 現在、かつての本間家の別館は本間美術館となっており、庄内藩の御用商人だった風間家の1対の傘福が雛壇とともに飾られている。
English: That's why Kasafuku is associated with the peach Doll Festival, but Kasafukus were originally placed in local shrines to wish for safe deliveries and children's growth to Kannondo temples by hanging 61 kinds ornaments representing various wishes in each umbrella and wishing for healthy growth of children because it had been said that souls are living in it.
Japanese: これが傘福と桃の節句を結びつける由縁のようになっているが、本来この風習は観音堂に安産や子供の成長を願って地元の神社に納めたものであり、昔から傘の中には魂が宿るといわれ子どもが健やかに育つことを思い、また様々な願いを形にして61種類の細工が吊り下げられているといわれる。
English: In recent years, it has been called the three hanging decorations together with Sagemon from Yanagawa in Fukuoka and Hina no Tsurushikazari from Izu Inatori.
Japanese: 近年、福岡柳川のさげもん、伊豆稲取の雛のつるし飾りと結び付けられ、三大つるし飾りと呼ばれるようになった。
English: Kasafukus decorated with 6,000 ornaments were made in 2006 for the 25th anniversary celebration the Sakata Chamber of Commerce and Industry business women's club.
Japanese: 2006年、酒田商工会議所女性会の創立25周年の記念事業として、6000個の細工を使用した盛大な傘福製作が行われた。
English: The biggest one is 270cm high with and umbrella of 200 cm in diameter and 999 hanging ornaments, which is exhibited in Sanno Club (a tourist facility of Sakata City).
Japanese: 最大のものは直径200cmの傘の中に999個の細工をつるした高さ270cmの傘福が山王クラブに展示されている。
English: Yamato school, one of the Kyudo (Japanese art of archery) schools, was founded by Kozan MORIKAWA in the early Edo period (in 1652).
Japanese: 大和流（やまとりゅう）とは、江戸初期（承応元年・1652年）に森川香山により開かれた弓道の流派である。
English: Kozan MORIKAWA had been taught Heki school Jutoku line's archery by Doju, his father, since his childhood and came to expert in shooting.
Japanese: 森川香山は少年期から父道寿より日置流寿徳派の弓術を学び射技精妙となる。
English: After that, he had trained his shooting technique more than ten years, learning as a student of each famous Kyudo school around the country.
Japanese: その後諸国を遊歴して各流派における名家の門人となり、10数年にわたり弓の錬磨に努める。
English: According to the Kyudo genealogy of Yamato school, Kozan mastered each esoteric technique of these schools: Itsumi school, Heki school Dosetsu line, Heki school Okura line, Heki school Insai line, Heki school Chikurin line, Takeda school, Ogasawara school.
Japanese: 大和流弓道系譜によれば、逸見流、日置流道雪派、日置流大蔵派、日置流印西派、日置流竹林派、武田流、小笠原流、各流派についてその秘奥を究めたとある。
English: While Kozan learned the archery technique of Itsumi school from Naotsuna KUMAGAI in Osaka, he also embraced Shintoism Naotsuna believed in.
Japanese: また、大坂の熊谷直綱より逸見流を学ぶと同時に、直綱の神道思想を受け入れる。
English: He perfected the Yamato school centering Shintoism that included Confucianism and Buddhism.
Japanese: その神道思想を中心とし、儒仏の思想をも織り混ぜて大和流として大成させた。
English: Kozan Yoshitada MORIKAWA (his pseudonym is Kantokuken), the founder of Yamato school, stated in 'Yamato-ryu Kyudo Kyokun no maki' (Precepts for Kyudo of Yamato school) as follows:
Japanese: 大和流開祖森川香山喜忠（号観徳軒）は「大和流弓道教訓之巻」で以下のように述べている。
English: First, the name Yomato would make the vision known that Kyudo, Japanese archery, is venerable because Yamato is the original name of Japan.
Japanese: 一には、大和と云ふは、我本邦の惣称なれば、和朝の弓道の尊き事を知らしめん為め。
English: Second, Kyudo should be always with Danjo HEKI who came from Yamato Province.
Japanese: 二には、日置弾正は大和の国より出たる人なれば、射術は日置をはなれざる心。
English: Third, given that Yamato means to become more even-tempered, I intend to help archers with an inflated sense of their own abilities and who don't understand the truth of Kudo to see reason.
Japanese: 三には、愚かなる射手弓道の術理を弁へず、邪儀慢心なる夷心を大に和ぐとの道理を以て、大和流と号する也。」
English: Yamato school's shooting style has the twelve fundamental stages of shooting: Ashibumi, Dozukuri, Yugamae, Sumashi Midokoro, Monomi, Uchiokoshi, Hikikomi, Hijinari, Tenouchi, Kake, Tamochi, and Hanare.
Japanese: 大和流の的前射法では、足踏、胴作、弓構、すまし見所、物見、打起、引込、肘形（ひじなり）、手の内、掛、持満（たもち）、はなれ、の12ヶ条に分けて説明されている。
English: While the lineal descendants are 'Nobukazu' of the Mito line, Kozan's oldest son, and 'Yoshiyori' of the Shimabara line, the third son, there are some collateral descendants.
Japanese: 香山長子「信一」の水戸系、三男「僖凭」の島原系が本系としてあげられ、他にもいくつかの系統がある。
English: Nobukazu died some time before Kozan's death and Yoshiyori succeeded Kozan, so that the Yamato school was continued to the Meiji period by Yoshiyori line as a lineal descendant in Shimabara.
Japanese: 長子信一は父香山に先立って没し、三男僖凭が父の後を受け継ぎ、大和流の本系として島原の地で明治に及ぶ。
English: When Dai Nippon Butoku Kai was established, he became a Kyudo grand master in the Nagasaki branch and, then, a grand master at the headquarters of Butoku Kai in Kyoto, where he moved to live.
Japanese: 大日本武徳会が設立されると長崎支部弓道教授に、やがて武徳会本部教授となり京都に住む。
English: The process comprising, in order, adding water to ground glutinous rice powder such as refined rice flour (ground glutinous rice) or mochi-ko (rice cake flour), kneading until soft, adding sugar or starch syrup, and kneading on heating.
Japanese: 白玉粉（もち米を挽いたもの）や餅粉など、もち米をひいてできた粉に水分を加え軟らかく練り、そこへ砂糖や水飴を加えた後に加熱をしながら練る製法。
English: The process comprising, in order, steaming the above-mentioned kneaded materials instead of boiling, adding sugar and so on, and kneading again.
Japanese: 上記の練った材料を茹でるのではなく蒸し、その後砂糖などを加えて更に練る製法。
English: The reason why gyuhi is also written as 牛皮 (cow hide) or 牛肥 (cattle fertilizer) in kanji (Chinese characters) is considered as that, gyuhi of older times was darkish and looked like cow hide as it was made from unpolished glutinous rice.
Japanese: 漢字で牛皮や牛肥とも表記するが、これは古い時代の求肥がもち米の玄米を用いて作られたために色が浅黒く、ウシの皮に似ていた為と言われる。
English: It is said that the characters of 求肥 (demand fertilizer) were applied later because of the strong tendency to detest meat eating in Japan.
Japanese: 日本では獣食を忌む傾向が強かったため、後に求肥の字を当てたとされる。
English: Eboshi was the headwear which an adult man put on when he wore a Japanese formal attire from the Heian period to modern times.
Japanese: 烏帽子（えぼし）とは平安時代から近代にかけて和装での礼服着装の際に成人男性が被った帽子のこと。
English: In the early days eboshi had been tailored from thin silk, but later it changed to paper coated with black lacquer.
Japanese: 初期は薄い絹で仕立てたものだったが、のちに黒漆を塗った紙製に変わる。
English: There were several kinds of eboshi according to the formality of garments and the social status of the wearer, and the proper one was strictly chosen to apply.
Japanese: 衣装の格式や着装者の身分によっていくつかの種類があり、厳格に使い分けた。
English: The formality of the eboshi was lower than that of the court cap worn with formal attire, and the eboshi was worn with casual attire from the Heian period to the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 正装の際にかぶる冠より格式が落ち、平安から室町にかけては普段着に合わせて着装した。
English: In modern times, the type of eboshi, completely covers the head which is fixed at the chin with the kakeo strap is used often, because the mage (chignon) to fix the eboshi has been abolished.
Japanese: 近代になると烏帽子を固定する髷がなくなったため、頭にすっぽりとかぶり掛緒を顎にかけて固定するタイプのものが用いられることが多い。
English: The person who takes the role as a guardian for a new adult (eboshi-go) at samurai family's ceremony of attaining manhood is called "eboshi-oya."
Japanese: 武家の元服の儀式で新成人（烏帽子子）の後見人を勤める者を「烏帽子親」と呼ぶ。
English: The origin is that samurai families introduced the eboshi while the nobles with Ikai (court rank) of imperial court wore court caps.
Japanese: 宮中の位階を持つ貴族が冠を着用するのに対して烏帽子を持ち出したのが由来。
English: In either case, a man put a court cap or an eboshi on his head, then was accepted into adult society from that day.
Japanese: どちらにしてもこの日を境に男性は頭に冠や烏帽子をかぶり大人社会に迎えられる。
English: Incidentally, a triangle-shaped cloth which children tied to their foreheads instead of the eboshi to imitate adults during their play in the Heian period, was added to the shroud costume in later ages to dignify the dead.
Japanese: ちなみに平安時代の子供が遊びの中で大人を真似て烏帽子の代わりに額に結わえつけた三角の布が、後代死者の威儀を正すために死装束に加えられた。
English: Hina no Tsurushikazari is a custom of hanging decorations in the Izuinatori area going back to the Edo period.
Japanese: 雛のつるし飾り（ひなのつるしかざり）とは、江戸時代から伝わる伊豆稲取地方の風習、吊るし飾りのこと。
English: They are decorated on both sides of Hina dolls on tiered platforms for the first sekku (seasonal turn) of the first daughter of a family to wish for good health and good match.
Japanese: 長女の初節句に、無病息災、良縁を祈願して、雛壇の両脇に細工を吊すもの。
English: There are only a few old Tsurushikazaris left now, because people normally burn them at New Year Dondoyaki (fire festival) at each point of life of their children like 7th birthday, coming of age and getting married.
Japanese: つるし飾りは、子供が成長し7歳、成人、嫁入りといった節目を迎えると、新年のどんど焼きに焚きあげてしまうため、古いものはあまり残っていない。
English: Since 1993, it has been included in the handicraft course of the Inatori Women's Club and seen in a new light and got the name "Hina no Tsurushikazari".
Japanese: 平成5年頃より稲取の婦人会の手芸講座にてツルシ製作を通じて見直され、「雛のつるし飾り」の名称をつけられた。
English: In 1998, Inatori Association of Sightseeing held Hina no Tsurushikazari Festival as the main event to promote tourism, and after that they had problems with similar products and events made or held by outside makers, sekku (seasonal turn) goods shops, handicraft shops etc.
Japanese: 平成10年、稲取温泉旅館協同組合が中心となり観光の目玉として雛のつるし飾りまつりが開催されたが、それ以後から類似した吊るし雛イベントが開催されたり、外部の製作者、節句店、手芸店などによる類似異形のつるし飾りが流通したりするなどの問題が発生。
English: They are working with "Kinu no Kai (Silk Association) to encourage production and purchase of Tsurushikazari meeting the standard for quality in member stores.
Japanese: また”絹の会”とともに加盟店による伊豆稲取の品質基準を満たしたつるし飾りの製作、購入を推奨している。
English: There are 50 shapes in Tsurushikazari now including the basic ones: peach flower (wishing for long life), Monkey (protection against bad luck), Triangle (traditional pill or incense bag shaped).
Japanese: 現代では、桃（長寿）、猿っ子（魔除け）、三角（薬袋香袋）を基本として50種の細工がある。
English: The basic form has total 110 ornaments hung: two sets of 55 ornaments including 11 ornaments each on 5 red strings.
Japanese: これらを5列の赤糸に各11個の細工をつるし計55個にそろえ、これを対で製作することにより110の細工がつるされたものが基本型とされる。
English: Those are generally made into 170cm lengths and hung on a ring 30cm in diameter called Sagewa, and the number of ornaments are combined in odd numbers like 3, 5, 7 or 9.
Japanese: 一般に直径30cmのさげわに170cmの長さで吊るされ、飾りの数は3、5、7、9などの奇数で組み上げられる。
English: The reason is that it is a lucky object as stated above, for which Japanese people avoid using even numbers, because even numbers are divisible.
Japanese: この理由は、前述した様に縁起物であるため、割り切れる数字（偶数）を避けてのことである。
English: "Tori no ichi" is an open-market fair held at Otori-jinja Shrines around the country on the Days of the Cock in November every year.
Japanese: 酉の市（とりのいち）は、例年11月の酉に行われる、各地の鷲神社（おおとりじんじゃ）の祭。
English: In the Edo period, Otori-jinja Shrine (which enshrines Otori Daimyojin [the Great Eagle God]) in Hanamata Village, Minami Adachi County, Musashi Province (which is present Hanahata, Adachi Ward, Tokyo) thrived.
Japanese: 江戸時代には、武蔵国南足立郡花又村（現・東京都足立区花畑(足立区)）にある大鷲神社(東京都足立区)（鷲大明神）が栄えた。
English: The harvest festival held by the residents of neighboring towns and villages, who worshiped the Otori Daimyojin in Hanamata as ubusuna-gami (the guardian deity of one's birthplace), is said to be the origin of Tori no ichi in Edo.
Japanese: この花又鷲大明神を産土神とする近在住民の収穫祭が江戸酉の市の発端といわれている。
English: It was believed in the Edo period that the principal image of the Otori-jinja Shrine was Shaka (Buddha) standing on the back of an eagle (on the basis of the honji-suijaku-setsu [the theory of original reality and manifested traces, according to which Shinto gods are manifestations of Buddhas] under the concept of shinbutsu-shugo [the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism]).
Japanese: 江戸時代には、大鷲神社の本尊（神仏習合本地垂迹説）は鷲の背に乗った釈迦とされた。
English: The most prominent Tori no ichi since the late Edo period has been the one held at Otori Daimyojin no Yashiro Shrine in the precincts of Juzaisan Chokoku-ji Temple (which belongs to the Honmon Lineage of the Hokke Sect) in Asakusa (in Senzoku, Taito Ward, Tokyo).
Japanese: 江戸時代後期から、最も著名な酉の市は、浅草の鷲在山長国寺（じゅざいさん・ちょうこくじ、法華宗本門流）境内の鷲大明神社（東京都台東区千束）で行われた酉の市である。
English: At that time, the Otori Daimyojin of Asakusa was also called Myoken Daibosatsu.
Japanese: 当時浅草の鷲大明神は妙見大菩薩（みょうけんだいぼさつ。）とも呼ばれていた。
English: Then, it was depicted as Myoken Bosatsu standing on the back of an eagle, and set in place in Banjin-do (which was Otori Daimyojin no Yashiro Shrine) in the precincts of Chokoku-ji Temple.
Japanese: そして、鷲に乗った妙見菩薩の姿として描かれ、長国寺境内の番神堂（鷲大明神社）に安置された。
English: On Tori no hi in November, Washi Myoken Daibosatsu was unveiled, and Tori no ichi began to be held on a grand scale.
Japanese: 11月の酉の日には鷲妙見大菩薩が開帳され、酉の市が盛大に行われるようになる。
English: Otori Daimyojin no Yashiro Shrine and Chokoku-ji Temple were also called 'Washi no Miya' (the Eagle Shrine), and 'Tori no Tera' (the Cock Temple).
Japanese: 鷲大明神社は「鷲宮（わしのみや）」、長国寺は「酉の寺」とも呼ばれた。
English: Aside from 'Hontori' and 'Shintori,' there was Tori no ichi held in Shosen-ji Temple (Akamon-dera Temple belonging to the Jodo Sect) in Senju, and it was called 'Naka no tori' (the Middle Cock).
Japanese: この「本酉」「新酉」の他、千住の勝専寺（赤門寺。浄土宗）が「中酉」と呼ばれた。
English: Now, shrines and temples all over the Kanto region, including Hanazono-jinja Shrine (in Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo), Okunitama-jinja Shrine (in Fuchu City, Tokyo), Ko-jinja Shrine (in Konosu City, Saitama Prefecture), and Jakko-in Temple (in Kiryu City, Gunma Prefecture), enshrine the divided spirit of the enshrined deity of the Otori-jinja Shrine and hold Tori no ichi.
Japanese: 現在では、花園神社（東京都新宿区）、大國魂神社(府中市)（東京都府中市(東京都)）、鴻神社（埼玉県鴻巣市）、寂光院（群馬県桐生市）など、関東地方各地の社寺で大鳥神社を勧請し、酉の市が行われている。
English: Outside the Kanto region, Tori no ichi is held in Daian-ji Temple in Hamamatsu City (in Naka Ward, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture).
Japanese: なお、関東地方以外では浜松市の大安寺（静岡県浜松市中区）で酉の市が行われる。
English: In the Kinki and Shikoku regions, also the Chukyo area, and so on, 'Ebisu-ko' (a festival honoring Ebisu [the God of Wealth] held for the purpose of praying for good harvests, a good catch of fish, and business success), as seen in Atsuta-jingu Shrine in Nagoya City, is historically the mainstream.
Japanese: 近畿地方及び四国地方並びに中京圏などでは、名古屋市の熱田神宮にも見られるとおり歴史的に「えびす講」が主流だ。
English: However, Tori no ichi is also held exceptionally in Nanatsu-dera Temple in Osu, in addition to Susanoo-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: しかし、例外的に素盞男神社で酉の市が行われる他、大須七寺でも行われている。
English: The enshrined deity of Otori-jinja Shrines, Yamato Takeru no Mikoto, prayed for a victory in the eastern expedition at Washinomiya-jinja Shrine.
Japanese: 大鳥神社（鷲神社）の祭神である日本武尊が、東征の戦勝祈願を鷲宮神社で行った。
English: In connection with this, Otori-sai is held on Tori no hi in November (or, the first Tori no hi in December in the case of Washinomiya-jinja Shrine), on which Yamato Takeru no Mikoto is believed to have died.
Japanese: これにちなみ、日本武尊が亡くなった日とされる11月の酉の日（鷲宮神社では12月の初酉の日）には大酉祭が行われる。
English: According to the biography of Otori-jinja Shrine in Asakusa, Yamato Takeru no Mikoto visited the shrine for thanksgiving on Tori no hi in November, and he leaned a rake, which was used as a weapon, against the pine tree in front of it.
Japanese: また、浅草・鷲神社の社伝では、日本武尊が鷲神社に戦勝のお礼参りをしたのが11月の酉の日であり、その際、社前の松に武具の熊手を立て掛けた。
English: In the Buddhist account (Tori no tera, Chokoku-ji Temple, in Asakusa), Tori no ichi has its origin in the fair that was held on the day, on which Myoken Daibosatsu was unveiled.
Japanese: 仏教（浅草酉の寺・長国寺）の解説では、鷲妙見大菩薩の開帳日に立った市を酉の市の起源とする。
English: On Tori no hi in November 1265 (in old lunar calendar), when Nichiren Shonin (High Priest Nichiren), the founder of the Nichiren sect, prayed for the national peace during his stay at the Kobayakawa house (which is present Daihonzan [the chief temple of the sect] Jusen-ji Temple) in Washi no su, Kazusa Province (which is present Mobara City, Chiba Prefecture), the Venus started to shine brightly and Washi Myoken Daibosatsu appeared.
Japanese: 1265年（文永2年）11月の酉の日、日蓮宗の宗祖・日蓮上人が、上総国鷲巣（現・千葉県茂原市）の小早川家（現・大本山鷲山寺）に滞在の折、国家平穏を祈ったところ、金星が明るく輝きだし、鷲妙見大菩薩が現れ出た。
English: Because of this, Washi Myoken Daibosatsu was brought from Jusen-ji Temple to Chokoku-ji Temple in Asakusa to be unveiled on Tori no hi in November since its establishment.
Japanese: これにちなみ、浅草の長国寺では、創建以来、11月の酉の日に鷲山寺から鷲妙見大菩薩の出開帳が行われた。
English: Later, in 1771, Washi Myoken Daibosatsu was transferred to Chokoku-ji Temple as kanjo (ceremonial transfer of a divided tutelary deity to a new location), and came to be unveiled on Tori no hi in November (in old lunar calendar).
Japanese: その後1771年（明和8年）長国寺に鷲妙見大菩薩が勧請され、11月の酉の日に開帳されるようになった。
English: Actually, the harvest festival by the farmers living near Otori Daimyojin in Hanamata is said to be the origin of Tori no ichi in Edo.
Japanese: 実際は、花又の鷲大明神の近在農民による収穫祭が江戸酉の市の発端といわれる。
English: The farmers in the surrounding countryside offered live chickens and, when the festival was over, they released them in front of the Kannon-do of Senso-ji Temple.
Japanese: 近郷農民は生きた鶏を奉納し祭が終わると浅草寺観音堂前に放ったのである。
English: The shrine that worshiped chickens as gods in this way was facing Ayase-gawa River, and thus it was ideal for assembling people and commodities by water transport.
Japanese: このように鶏を神とも祀った社は、綾瀬川に面しているため水運による人、物の集合に好適であった。
English: For this reason, the fairs on Tori no hi gradually attracted more visitors to the shrine from the city of Edo, and tsuji-tobaku (open-air gambling) was run on a grand scale there in front of the shrine.
Japanese: そのため酉の日に立つ市には江戸市中からの参詣者も次第に多くなり、そこでは社前で辻賭博が盛大に開帳された。
English: The crowd shifted instead to the Myoken Bosatsu of Washi no su that was placed in Chokoku-ji Temple in Asakusa.
Japanese: かわって、酉の市の盛況ぶりは浅草長国寺に安置された鷲ノ巣の妙見菩薩へと移った。
English: The existence of Shin Yoshiwara (a new red-light district) on the east side of Otori Daimyojin in Asakusa was also a big factor explaining the success of Asakusa Tori no ichi.
Japanese: また浅草鷲大明神の東隣に新吉原が控えていたことも浅草酉の市が盛況を誇る大きな要因であった。
English: In this way, Tori no ichi transformed from the agricultural fair of the neighboring farm villages displaying autumn harvests and practical farming tools into the urban festival, having kazari-kumade (decorative rakes) full of good omens that brought in good fortune and so on as the lucky charms of the fair, as it moved from the countryside to the city of Edo.
Japanese: このように酉の市とは、秋の収穫物や実用の農具が並んだ近郊農村の農業市が江戸市中へと移行するに従い、招福の吉兆を満載した飾り熊手などを市の縁起物とする都市型の祭へと変遷してきたのである。
English: On the days of 'Tori no ichi,' stalls selling 'Engi-kumade' decorated with lucky charms that bring in good fortune such as okame (the face of a plain woman) line up.
Japanese: 「酉の市」の立つ日には、おかめや招福の縁起物を飾った「縁起熊手」を売る露店が立ち並ぶ。
English: Kumade-mamori,' small bamboo rakes decorated with the ears of rice and bills, are given by temples and shrines holding the fair.
Japanese: また、市を開催する寺社からは小さな竹熊手に稲穂や札をつけた「熊手守り」が授与される。
English: They are nicknamed 'Kakkome' from share (a pun) playing with the words: 'Hakikomu, kakikomu' (sweep in, rake in) good fortune, which is represented by kome (rice).
Japanese: 福を「掃き込む、かきこむ」との洒落にことよせ「かっこめ」と呼ばれている。
English: In addition to the rakes, the lucky charms of Tori no ichi included 'To no imo' (head potatos) (which are pronounced in the same manner in Japanese as Chinese potatoes) and 'Kogane-mochi' (gold rice cake) made of awa (millet) from the Edo period.
Japanese: 酉の市の縁起物は、江戸時代より熊手の他に「頭の芋（とうのいも）」（唐の芋）や粟でつくった「黄金餅（こがねもち）」があった。
English: It was believed that To no imo gave you success in life by making you a head because of the letter 'To' (the head) of 'To no imo,' and blessed you with children because of many baby potatoes they bore.
Japanese: 頭の芋は頭（かしら）になって出世する、芋は子芋を数多く付ける事から子宝に恵まれるとされた。
English: However, 'Kirizansho' (rice cake made from a mixture of sugar, powdered Japanese pepper, and rice flour), which began to be sold around the last days of the Tokugawa shogunate, replaced Kogane-mochi and became the lucky charm of the fair up to now.
Japanese: しかし幕末頃から売られるようになった「切り山椒」が黄金餅に変わって市の縁起物となり現在にいたっている。
English: It is said that eating it prevents catching cold in this glacial season.
Japanese: 本格的な寒さを迎えるこの時期、これを食べれば風邪を引かないといわれる。
English: A rake, which is a typical lucky charm, is said to be also modeled on the claws of an eagle, copying the image of an eagle clutching its prey.
Japanese: 縁起物の代表である熊手は、鷲が獲物をわしづかみすることになぞらえ、その爪を模したともいわれる。
English: A rake is bought with a smart and fun exchange of words -- 'katta' which has two different meanings, 'bought' and 'won,' and 'maketa' which likewise has two different meanings, 'reduced' and 'lost' -- with the rake dealer.
Japanese: 熊手は熊手商と買った（勝った）、まけた（負けた）と気っ風の良いやり取りを楽しんで買うものとされる。
English: (Some people consider it 'Iki na kaikata' [a smart way of buying it] to bring down the product price and pay the balance to the seller as 'Goshugi' [a tip].
Japanese: （商品額をまけさせて、その差し引いた分を店側に「ご祝儀」として渡すことを「粋な買い方」とする人もいる。）
English: In most cases, the ceremonial hand-clapping is done when the seller receives the 'Goshugi.'
Japanese: （そして、手締めはこの「ご祝儀」を店側が受け取った場合に行われる場合が多い。）
English: "Tori no hi" is the date that corresponds to 'Tori' (the Cock) in the dating method that applies each of eto (the twelve Chinese zodiac signs) to each day of the year.
Japanese: 「酉の日」は、毎日に干支を当てて定める日付け法で、「酉」に当たる日のこと。
English: Since there are 30 days per month, there can be 2 or 3 Tori no hi in November, depending on the first sign of the month.
Japanese: ひと月は30日なので、日の巡り合わせにより、11月の酉の日は2回の年と3回の年がある。
English: The general public is often told to take precautions against fires between November and the end of the year.
Japanese: その年の11月から歳末にかけて、社会一般で火事に気をつけることがよく言われる。
English: In addition, most kumade merchants sell engi-kumade with the sticker of 'Hi no yojin' (watch out for fire) in those years.
Japanese: 余談だがその年には熊手商の多くは縁起熊手に「火の用心」のシールを貼って売りだす。
English: There were three Days of the Cock in November 2006, as 4th, 16th, and 28th which was up to San no tori.
Japanese: なお、2006年（平成18年）11月の酉の日は、4日、16日、28日の3回で、三の酉まであった。
English: The Days of the Cock were 5th (Wednesday), 17th (Monday), and 29th (Saturday) in November 2008.
Japanese: 2008年（平成20年）11月の酉の日は、5日（水）、17日（月）、29日（土）。
English: 雅 is used for personal names relatively often and read 'Miyabi' for female names in Japanese reading and 'Masa' for male names in phonetic reading.
Japanese: -女性に対しては「みやび」と訓読みで、男性に対しては「まさ」と音読みで、それぞれ命名される場合が比較的多い。