nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Later on, he studied a Chinese mathematics book, "Sanpo Toso" under his relative, Soan SUMINOKURA, and published his book, "Jinkoki" (a mathematical book covering almost all important mathematics useful for daily professional life in the Edo period) in 1628.
Japanese: のち一族の角倉素庵のもとで中国の数学書『算法統宗』の研究を行い、それをもとに1628年(寛永5年)、著書『塵劫記』を出版した。
English: The book was appraised for being an example of the introductory textbook of mathematics, which contained a lot of graphics and was written as to facilitate learning of the all level from the basics to the advanced level.
Japanese: 同書は絵を多用し基礎から応用まで容易に学習出来るように書かれた数学入門の模範と評価された。
English: Yoshiharu SANDAN (1930 - 1998) was a former chairperson of Kyoto Autonomous Economic Association.
Japanese: 山段芳春（さんだんよしはる、1930年-1998年）は、元京都自治経済協議会理事長。
English: He had a great power in political and business world and was a big figure of the dark society in Kansai region, as being called 'a fixer in Kyoto.'
Japanese: 京都の政財界に絶大な影響力を持ち、「京都のフィクサー」と呼ばれた関西闇社会の大物である。
English: He had a broad network in various fields, such as political and business world, government, medical association, labor unions, prefectural police and Public Prosecutors' Office, and he even ruled mass media like Kyoto Broadcasting System Co., Ltd., The Kyoto Shimbun Newspaper Co., Ltd.
Japanese: 政界、財界、官界、医師会、労組、府警、検察に至るまで京都のあらやる分野に幅広いネットワークを持ち、京都放送、京都新聞等のマスコミをもその影響下においた。
English: He boasted his latent power as a key person in Kyoto, such as having a strong connection with the dark society including Aizu Kotetsu-kai (one of the Japanese organized crime syndicates) led by Tokutaro TAKAYAMA who had a close relationship with him, and also exerted a huge influence on taking the position of the past mayors of Kyoto City, but his handling of the incident of buying up stocks of Kyoto Bank led to a misunderstanding, and later dividers from various fields caused his power to be diminished.
Japanese: また親しかった高山登久太郎会長率いる会津小鉄会をはじめとして闇社会にも太いパイプを持ち、歴代京都市長の誕生にも多大な影響を及ぼすなど、京都の黒幕的存在として隠然たる力を誇ったが、京都銀行の株買占め事件に際しての対応が誤解を招き、後に各界からの離反者を出してその影響力は衰えた。
English: With his broad network, he built a rare vested-interest structure in Kyoto society and reigned over its top, and this makes some people to call him Kakuei TANAKA in Kyoto (since 1984, Hiromu NONAKA became the boss in Kyoto.)
Japanese: 広大な人脈を背景に京都社会に類稀な利権構造を築き上げ、その頂点に君臨した人物であることから、京都の田中角栄と呼ぶ向きもある(1984年以降は野中広務が京都のドンとなる)。
English: However, his existence had long been unknown to public and by having kept wielding influences behind the scenes made him enough to be called 'backroom manipulator.'
Japanese: しかしながら、長きにわたってその存在は一般には知られることがなく一貫して陰から影響力をふるい続けたことから、正に「黒幕」と呼ぶに相応しい人物であったと言えるであろう。
English: Hirosawa no tsubone (1572 - 1637) was a daughter of Tsunemasa NAGOYA who was the lord of Kakizoe-jo Castle in Hizen Province, and one of the Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's concubines.
Japanese: 広沢局（ひろさわのつぼね、元亀3年（1573年）-寛永14年（1637年））は、肥前国垣添城主名護屋経勝の娘で豊臣秀吉の側室。
English: Hiroko (広子) was still unmarried at the age of 20, she became a concubine of Hideyoshi who came to Nagoya-jo Castle for the Bunroku-Keicho War in April, 1592.
Japanese: 広子は20歳だったがまだ独身で、文禄・慶長の役のため、1592年の四月に名護屋城に来た秀吉の側室になった。
English: After he went back to Osaka in August, 1593, he never returned to Nagoya-jo Castle.
Japanese: 1593年の8月に秀吉は大阪に帰り、名護屋城には二度と戻ってこなかった。
English: In 1598, Hirosawa no tsubone was still living in Yamazato-maru of Nagoya-jo Castle, however, when Hideyoshi died in August, and, since her brother, Tsunenobu NAGOYA, had already died, she entered the nunhood.
Japanese: 1598年、彼女はなおも名護屋城の山里丸に住んでいたが、8月に秀吉が死去すると、既に兄の名護屋経述が死去していたこともあり、出家した。
English: Tokuhon NAGATA (1513 - March 27, 1630) was a doctor living from the late Sengoku Period (period of warring states) to the early Edo period.
Japanese: 永田徳本（ながたとくほん、1513年（永正10年）-1630年3月27日（寛永7年2月14日(旧暦)））は、戦国時代(日本)後期から江戸時代初期にかけての医師。
English: He was known as 'Tokuhon in Kai (Province)', and was also described as 'Juroku (sixteen) mon doctor' (mon is a medieval currency unit) or 'Saint Doctor.'
Japanese: 「甲斐の徳本」などとも呼ばれ、また「十六文先生」や「医聖」とも称された。
English: It is said that he was born in Mikawa Province in 1513, the middle of the Sengoku Period, (one of the alternative theories suggests he was born in Yamura, Kai Province).
Japanese: 戦国時代中期の1513年、三河国で生まれたという（甲斐国谷村など、異説もある）。
English: Afterwards, he became a Buddhist monk in Mutsu Province, and in Dewa Province (also called Kashima) he practiced Shugendo (mountain asceticism) and subsequently studied Ii-Zhu medicine (traditional Chinese medicine brought to Japan during the Ming dynasty) under Sanki TASHIRO, Otei, and others.
Japanese: その後、陸奥国で仏門に入り、出羽国（鹿島ともいう）で修験道を学び、また田代三喜、玉鼎らより李朱医学（当時の明からもたらされた漢方医学）を修めた、信濃国・甲斐国に移り住み、国主であった戦国大名武田信虎・武田信玄父子二代の侍医となったと言われる。
English: He moved to Shinano Province and then to Kai Province, where it is said that he served as personal doctor to Nobutora TAKEDA and his son Shingen TAKEDA, who were the provincial lords and daimyo in the Sengoku period.
Japanese: 信濃国・甲斐国に移り住み、国主であった戦国大名武田信虎・武田信玄父子二代の侍医となったと言われる。
English: It is said that after the expulsion of Nobutora TAKEDA from the territory, Tokuhon lived in Suwa, Shinano Province, and after the downfall of the Takeda clan he traveled around the provinces in Tokai and Kanto districts, offering medicines to poor people free of charge or providing them with medical care at a low price.
Japanese: 武田信虎の領国追放後は信濃国諏訪に住み、武田氏滅亡後は東海・関東諸国を巡り、貧しい人々に無料で薬を与えたり、安価で診療を行ったとされる。
English: According to legend, Tokuhon roamed around the provinces on a cow, medicine bag dangling from his neck and, regardless of the treatment he provided he refused to take more than 16 mon (mon=old minor unit of currency/penny), or possibly 18 mon (according to some sources), lead him to be referred to as 'Doctor 16 pennies.'
Japanese: 伝承に拠れば彼は首から薬袋を提げ、牛の背に横になって諸国を巡り、どんな治療を行っても報酬として16文（18文ともいう）以上の金額を受け取らなかったと伝わり、「十六文先生」とも称されたらしい。
English: He had botanical knowledge, and according to legend when he was 103 years old he engaged in the improvement of grape cultivation (using an overhead trellis method for the vines) (source: 'Koshu')
Japanese: 本草学にも通じ、103歳の頃に甲斐におけるブドウ栽培法の改良（ぶどうの棚架け法）も行ったとする伝説もある（参考「甲州(葡萄)」）。
English: It is also said that during the Edo period he cured the Seii Taishogun (unifying commander) Hidetada TOKUGAWA of illness (for no charge) however, it is difficult to establish the veracity of this episode.
Japanese: 江戸時代に入ったのち、征夷大将軍徳川秀忠の病を治癒し、その際も報酬を受けずに立ち去ったと言われるなど、その人生は謎と伝説に包まれている。
English: The name of today's Japanese pharmaceutical company 'Tokuhon' derives from Tokuhon NAGATA (although there is no direct connection).
Japanese: 現代の日本の製薬会社「トクホン」の社名は、（直接の所縁はないが）この永田徳本にちなんで命名されたものである。
English: His tombstone in Okaya was said to contain a wart-removing spirit, and it was believed that if you knocked the tombstone with a small stone, you would be able to get rid of a wart.
Japanese: 岡谷に残る墓碑はいぼ取りの神様と呼ばれ、小石で墓石を叩くといぼ取りに効果があるとされた。
English: Tradition says that he once admitted young Razan HAYASHI, a son of his friend Nobutoki HAYASHI, as his disciple, but observing that Razan was extraordinarily talented, he encouraged Razan to proceed to other profession.
Japanese: 一時、友人林信時の子である、若き日の林羅山を弟子としていたが、羅山の非凡なるを視て他の職に進むように勧めたとされる。
English: According to the theory that he was born in Mikawa, he was a younger brother of 長田重元 (Shigemoto OSADA), a descendent of 長田親政 (Chikamasa OSADA), who defeated Yoshitomo MINAMOTO.
Japanese: 三河出生説に拠れば、源義朝を討ちとった長田親政の子孫である長田重元の弟とされる。
English: In short, that would make Tokuhon an uncle of Naokatsu NAGAI (son of Shigemoto who changed his surname), who in turn was a close confident of Hidetada (castle guard) who became seriously ill as mentioned above.
Japanese: つまり先述の秀忠重病時の秀忠側近（書院番）であった永井直勝（重元の息子。改姓）の叔父に当たる。
English: The clan adopted the name Kutsuki because it controlled Kutsuki sho in Omi Province (the Takashima clan, the head family, was succeeded by Yasunobu, the eldest son of Takanobu).
Japanese: 近江国朽木庄を領した為朽木氏を称した（宗家である高島氏は高信の長子である泰信が継承した）。
English: Tsuneuji KUTSUKI became the heir of Akimori IKE from the Ike clan, the main branch of Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan), and inherited the territory of the Ike clan.
Japanese: 朽木経氏は、桓武平氏の嫡流池氏の池顕盛の猶子となり池氏の所領も相続した。
English: After the fall of Ashikaga Shogun, Mototsuna KUTSUKI served for Nobunaga ODA and Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, kept possessing his territory, and maintained the family name as a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord).
Japanese: 足利将軍の没落後、朽木元綱は織田信長、豊臣秀吉に仕え領土を保全し大名として家名を保った。
English: In the Battle of Sekigahara, the Kutsuki clan originally supported Western Camp but later engaged in secret communication with Eastern Camp, so that the clan was permitted to survive as a daimyo even after the establishment of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いにおいては当初西軍についたが東軍に内通し、そのため江戸幕府成立後も大名として存続を許された。
English: Since the territory was divided into pieces for the descendants after the death of Mototsuna, the main branch family survived as hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu, which is a form of Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) of kotaiyoriai (alternate yoriai, a family status of samurai warriors in the Edo period).
Japanese: 元綱の死後、領土は子孫に分割されたため嫡流は交代寄合の旗本として存続した。
English: In addition, Tanetsuna KUTSUKI (the lord of the Tsuchiura Domain), the third son of Mototsuna, was appointed as wakadoshiyori (a managerial position in Edo bakufu) as a Shogun's retainer.
Japanese: また、元綱の三男・朽木稙綱(土浦藩主)は幕臣として若年寄に就任した。
English: Thanks to his achievements there, Tanetsuna became a daimyo in the Kanuma Domain in Shimotsuke Province (after that, the Tanetsuna family line moved to the Tsuchiura Domain in Hitachi Province, and lastly moved and stayed in the Fukuchiyama Domain in Tanba Province until the Meiji Restoration).
Japanese: その功で下野国鹿沼藩の大名となっている（その後常陸国土浦藩を経て、丹波国福知山藩で明治維新まで存続する）。
English: Takamichi, a son of Nobutsuna, identified himself as Kyogoku, the name of his maternal family, and became the daimyo of the Tango Mineyama Domain.
Japanese: また宣綱の子の一人高通が外家の号京極を名乗り、丹後峰山藩の大名となっている。
English: Yoshinari AICHI (MINAMOTO no Yoshinari: date of birth and death unknown) was a busho (Japanese military commander), who lived from the later Heian Period to the early Kamakura Period.
Japanese: 愛智義成（あいちよしなり／源義成　みなもとのよしなり、生没年未詳）は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての武将。
English: 慶範 (Yoshinori), his grandfather by his mother, was said to be Gunji (local magistrate) of Aichi County, Owari Province (current Aichi-gun, Aichi Prefecture).
Japanese: 外祖父の慶範は尾張国愛智郡（愛知県愛知郡(愛知県)）の郡司であったとされる。
English: It is said that, in this connection, after his father Gien was killed in the Battle of Sunomatagawa, he was brought up in this place; and when he arrived at manhood, he called himself Kurodo AICHI and became the first generation of the Aichi clan.
Japanese: この縁により、父の義円が墨俣川の戦いで戦死した後は同地において養育され、長じた後は愛智蔵人を名乗り愛智氏の祖となったという。
English: His descendents survived for generations as a local ruling family, maintaining the contact with the Ano clan, the descendant of Gien's elder brother Zenjo Ano.
Japanese: 子孫は数代に渡って尾張の豪族として存続、義円の兄阿野全成後裔の阿野氏とも交流がある。
English: The family's existence can be traced back at least to the period of the Northern and Southern Courts by the documents such as "Sonpi Bunmyaku" (a text compiled in the fourteenth century that records the lineages of the aristocracy).
Japanese: (子孫は)少なくとも南北朝時代(日本)期までは続いていたことを『尊卑分脈』等で確認することができる。
English: Although, since then, the families of the name Aichi had been seen occasionally in Owari Province, their connection with the Aichi clan is not confirmed.
Japanese: それ以降の尾張においても愛智姓は散見されるが、系譜上の関連性は不明である。
English: Shigeyoshi MORI (year of birth and death unknown) was a Wasanka (mathematician) who was active in the early Edo period and the earliest known mathematician so far.
Japanese: 毛利重能（もうりしげよし、生没年不詳）は江戸時代前期に活躍した和算家で、現在知られている中では最も古い。
English: His book "Warizan sho" (The Book of Division) (popular name) was the most valuable Wasansho in the early Edo period with "Sanyo-ki" (the Calculation Manual).
Japanese: 著書『割算書』(通称)は、『算用記』と共に江戸時代初期を代表する貴重な和算書である。
English: In the colophon of "Wsansho," it is written that "Shigeyoshi MORI moved from Kawarabayashi, Mukonokori, Settsu Province to Kyoto, and established the school under the name of 'the Master of Division'" (the sign said this is the school of Master of Division).
Japanese: 『割算書』の奥付には、「摂津国武庫郡瓦林から京都へ移り住み、“割算の天下一”という名（割算天下一指南の看板）の下に塾を開いた」と書かれている。
English: Shigeyoshi was also famous for teaching apprentices such as leading Wasanka (mathematicians) Mitsuyoshi YOSHIDA, Chisho IMAMURA and Yoshitane TAKAHARA who was the master of Takakazu SEKI..
Japanese: 後の代表的な和算家吉田光由や今村知商、あるいは関孝和の師匠でもあった高原吉種などの弟子達を育てたことでも有名である。
English: These Mitsuyoshi YOSHIDA, Chisho IMAMURA and Yoshitane TAKAHARA were high-caliber disciples, commonly called 'Mori no Sanshi' (the three masters of calculation).
Japanese: この吉田光由・今村知商・高原吉種は俗に「毛利の三子」と呼ばれた高弟である。
English: In the site of Kumano-jinjya Shrine, 'the monument of Shigeyoshi MORI' was built in 1972, and 'Sangaku-jinjya Shrine' (shrine of mathematics) was built aside of it in 1973.
Japanese: 熊野神社内に昭和47年に「毛利重能顕彰碑」が建立され、その傍らに昭和48年建立の「算学神社」がある。
English: MINAMOTO no Mitsuyasu (源 光保: date of birth unknown - 1160) was a busho (Japanese military commander), who lived during the late Heian Period.
Japanese: 源光保（みなもとのみつやす、生年未詳-永暦元年（1160年））は、平安時代末期の武将。
English: He was a brother of MINAMOTO no Mitsunobu, MINAMOTO no Mata, etc., and his children were MINAMOTO no Mitsumune, Tosa no Tsubone (Lady of Tosa), and MINAMOTO no Shigeko (Bomon no Tsubone (Lady of Bomon)).
Japanese: 兄弟に源光信、源全らがあり、子に源光宗、土佐局、源重子（坊門局）らがある。
English: In 1130, when his elder brother MINAMOTO no Mitsunobu, accused of the Toran-jiken (Brawling Incident), was sentenced to the deportation to Tosa Province, Mitsuyasu's involvement was also implicated and he was removed from the post of Hyoe-fu; however, before long, he was reappointed to the former position.
Japanese: 大治(日本)5年（1130年）、闘乱事件の罪により兄源光信の土佐国配流が決定すると、光保もこれに連座して兵衛府の任を解かれたが間もなく還任される。
English: Afterwards, he took charge of Hokumen no bushi (the Imperial Palace Guards for the North side) of Emperor Toba, taking over the elder brother's position, and when his own daughter (Tosa no Tsubone) became a retired Emperor's favorite concubine, he was taken up to be the retired Emperor's courtier.
Japanese: その後、兄に代わり鳥羽天皇の北面武士を務めるが、娘（土佐局）が法皇の寵妃となったことを契機としてその近臣となる。
English: In 1151, starting from Intenjobito (a high ranking courtier allowed into the Imperial Palace), in 1154 he reached Jushiinoge (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) Izumo no kuni no Kami (Governor of Izumo Province).
Japanese: 仁平元年（1151年）の院殿上人を皮切りに、久寿元年（1154年）には従四位下出雲国となる。
English: Moreover, in 1156 he was raised to Shoshiinoge, and as such, he moved up the promotional ladder with exceptional speed ("Heihanki" (Diary of TAIRA no Nobunori)).
Japanese: さらに保元元年（1156年）には正四位下に叙されるなど異例の早さで昇進した（『兵範記』）。
English: As he had a close contact with Empress Bifukumon-in, he became a close adviser of her adopted son Imperial Prince Morihito(later Emperor Nijo), and during the Hogen Disturbance, he joined the Emperor Goshirakawa's side together with his nephew MINAMOTO no Mitsumoto (the first generation of the Toki clan), and wan the battle.
Japanese: そして、美福門院に近かったことから、その猶子となっていた守仁親王（後の二条天皇）の側近となり、保元の乱に当たっては甥の源光基（土岐氏の祖）と共に後白河天皇方に参加して勝利する。
English: After the disturbance, when a conflict took place between the supporters of the enthroned Emperor Nijo's new government and those of the cloister government of Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, Mitsuyasu acted consistently in support of the former side, in accordance with the relationship so far.
Japanese: 乱の後、即位した二条天皇の親政派と退位した後白河天皇の院政派が対立を生じると、光保はかねてからの関係により終始前者の側に立って行動する。
English: In this regard, when the Heiji Disturbance broke out in 1159, he joined the FUJIWARA no Nobuyori and MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo side, leading his eldest legitimate son, MINAMOTO no Mitsumune, and his nephew, MINAMOTO no Mitsumoto.
Japanese: その流れの中で平治元年（1159年）に勃発した平治の乱にあたっては、嫡男源光宗や甥の源光基らを率いて藤原信頼、源義朝方に参加。
English: He launched the pursuit of FUJIWARA no Shinzei, who was the primary target of attack, and he achieved a distinguished merit by successfully tracking him down to death.
Japanese: 第一の攻撃目標に掲げられていた信西を追跡し、山城国において発見・殺害するという大功を挙げた。
English: However, Emperor Nijo left the Imperial Palace seeking refuge because of the betrayal of FUJIWARA no Korekata and FUJIWARA no Tsunemune, who once were the new government supporters.
Japanese: しかし同じ親政派の藤原惟方や藤原経宗の裏切りにより二条天皇が内裏から脱出する。
English: Mitsuyasu and his soldiers got frustrated because they had lost the reason for supporting the Nobuyori's camp; and although they took charge of guarding the Yomei-mon Gate at the beginning, they eventually went over to the TAIRA no Kiyomori's camp.
Japanese: 信頼方に味方する理由を失った光保一党は動揺初め陽明門の守備に付くが、最終的には寝返って平清盛方に加勢した。
English: Under such a circumstance, Mitsuyasu was exempted from the punishment for a while after the disturbance, however, targeted by Retired Emperor Goshirakawa who was trying to exclude all the followers of Emperor Nijo's government, he had to live in a precarious situation.
Japanese: このため乱の直後は処罰を免れるが、二条親政派の排除を意図した後白河によって、引き続きその立場を狙われることとなる。
English: In July 1160, he was finally arrested together with Mitsumune for having attempted to kill Retired Emperor Goshirakawa, and was exiled to Satsuma Province.
Japanese: 永暦元年（1160年）6月、後白河の命を狙ったという罪状でついに光宗とともに逮捕され、薩摩国に配流となった。
English: Minami no tsubone (c.1566 - the year of death unknown) was a daughter of Toyokuni YAMANA, the lord of Tottori-jo Castle.
Japanese: 南の局（みなみのつぼね、永禄9年（1566年）?-没年不詳）は、鳥取城主山名豊国の娘。
English: On July 17, 1580, Hideyoshi pretended to attack Tottori-jo Castle and actually attacked Shikano-jo Castle, which its defense was weak.
Japanese: 天正8年（1580年）5月26日、秀吉は鳥取城を攻めると見せかけ、守りの手薄だった鹿野城を攻めた。
English: At that time, Toyokuni YAMANA was subordinated to the Mori clan, and Toyokuni's wife and a daughter Akane, and other vassals including senior vassals, Michihiro MORISHITA and Harutsugu NAKAMURA, more than 20 others were detained as hostages of the Mori clan in Shikano-jo Castle.
Japanese: 当時、山名豊国は毛利氏に従属しており、鹿野城には毛利の人質として妻や娘のあかね他、重臣の森下道裕・中村春次ら家臣達二十余人が収容されていた。
English: Hideyoshi easily made Shikano-jo Castle to surrender,then took hostages and besieged Tottori-jo Castle.
Japanese: 秀吉は鹿野城を容易に陥落させると人質を奪い、彼らを連行した後、鳥取城を包囲した。
English: Hideyoshi forced the capitulation in exchange for sparing the hostages' lives, however, Toyokuni didn't accept Hideyoshi's requirement, therefore, Hideyoshi crucified the famies of vassals then started to execute one by one as a warning.
Japanese: 秀吉は人質を助命する代わりに開城を迫ったが、豊国が応じなかったため、見せしめとして家臣の家族達を磔にし、一人一人処刑していった。
English: Toyokuni still didn't accept the request to surrender, even though the families of his vassals started to be executed one after the other.
Japanese: 豊国は次々と家臣の家族達が処刑されていっても、依然として開城には応じなかった。
English: Although Hideyoshi spared the life of Akane, he broke his promise of approval of Toyokuni as a landowner of Inaba Province on the grounds that Toyokuni took so long to surrender.
Japanese: 秀吉はあかねの命は助けたものの、開城が遅いという事で豊国との因幡国安堵の約束を反故にし、二郡のみを与えて引き上げた。
English: Toyokuni came to obey Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI, and joined the second Siege of Tottori-jo Castle in 1581.
Japanese: 豊国は豊臣秀吉に従う事になり、天正9年（1581年）の第二次鳥取城攻めに加わった。
English: Because of discord with his own son, Chikaharu, he had ceded his birthplace, Uno-sho Manor in Yamato Province, to his brothers and sisters, however, after the disputes, Chikaharu's proprietary was recognized by the imperial decree.
Japanese: 本貫の地であった大和国宇野荘は子の親治との不和によりその弟妹に譲渡していたが、相論の末、久寿2年（1155年）に宣旨によって親治の知行が認められた。
English: Upon this decree, Chikaharu donated the manor to priest Shosen at Sanbo-in of Daigo-ji Temple, with the intention of promoting stability in the own domain.
Japanese: これにより親治は同荘を醍醐寺三宝院の勝尊に寄進し、自ら知行安泰を図っている。
English: Gekkein (1568 - 1655) was a daughter of Yorizumi ASHIKAGA of the Oyumi Kubo family.
Japanese: 月桂院（げつけいいん、永禄11年（1568年）-明暦元年（1655年））は、小弓公方家足利頼淳の娘。
English: Oshima was a Himegimi (daughter of a person of high rank) of the Oyumi Kubo family which was a branch family of Koga kubo family, Kanto Kanrei (A shogunal deputy for the Kanto region) and came from the most distinguished ancestry among Hideyoshi's concubines.
Japanese: お嶋は、関東管領・古河公方家の分家である小弓公方の血を継ぐ名門の姫君であり、秀吉の側室達の中では、もっとも高い家柄の出となる。
English: Moreover, Oshima's first husband, Korehisa SHIONOYA was from a distingusihed family same as Oshima's Kizuregawa family, a descendent of MINAMOTO no Yoshiie and granted the territory of about 20,000 koku in Shioya-gun by MINAMOTO no Yoritomo.
Japanese: また、お嶋の最初の夫である塩谷惟久も、お嶋の喜連川家と同じく源義家の血を引き、源頼朝から､塩谷郡に役二万石相当の領地を与えられた名家の出であった。
English: In 1590, after the Siege of Odawara, when Hideyoshi came to Koga for Oshu Shioki (approach to punish the powerful warriors in the area of Oshu, to prevent them from strengthening their power), Oshima's husband, Korehisa fled, leaving her alone.
Japanese: 天正18年（1590年）、小田原の役の後､奥州仕置に向かった秀吉が古河の方にやって来ると、お嶋の夫の惟久は妻の彼女を置いて逃亡してしまった。
English: After that Oshima who left behind met Hideyoshi, and became his concubine.
Japanese: 夫に置き去りにされたお嶋は、その後､秀吉と面会し、秀吉の側室になった。
English: Oshima asked Hideyoshi to let Kunitomo ASHIKAGA who was her brother and a grandchild of Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA and Ujihime ASHIKAGA, who was a daughter of Yoshiaki of the Koga kubo family marry, in order to revive the Ashikaga clan of the Kamakura kubo group which essentially became extinct because of the death of Yoshiuji ASHIKAGA (Koga kubo) in 1582.
Japanese: お嶋は､弟で足利義明の孫でもある足利国朝と古河公方家の義明の娘である足利氏姫を結婚させ､天正10年（1582年）の足利義氏(古河公方)の死によって､実質的に断絶してしまっていた鎌倉公方系足利氏を復興させる事を、秀吉に頼んだのであった。
English: It seems that Hideyoshi expected Ohima who came from a distinguished family to give birth to his children at the beginning.
Japanese: 初めはぜひとも大変な名門の出であるお嶋に､自分の血を引く子供を生んでくれる事を期待していたと思われる。
English: In 1591, Hideyoshi acceded Oshima's request and let Kunitomo and Ujihime marry.
Japanese: 天正19年（1591年）に、お嶋の願いを聞き入れ国朝と氏姫を結婚させた。
English: However, Ujihime was so proud and nevertheless she lived in poverty with the fief of only 300 koku, she despised Hideyoshi who came from a poor family, saying that 'He is of low origin,' therefore, she was neglected by Hideyoshi for a time.
Japanese: しかし、氏姫は気位の高い姫で、当時、わずか300石を有するだけの貧乏生活を送っていたが、「素性よろしからず」と秀吉の出自が低いのを見下したため、一時は見捨てられたような状態になった。
English: Through Oshima's intervention, Ujihime was given 332 koku in 1590 and finally she could emerged from the poverty.
Japanese: お嶋のとりなしによって、天正18年に332石を与えられ、やっと貧困生活から抜け出せたという。
English: When Hideyoshi died in 1598, Oshima entered nunhood at To-ji Temple in Kyoto.
Japanese: お嶋は､秀吉の死去した慶長3年（1598年）､京都の東寺で出家した｡
English: Akitsuna INA (year of birth unknown -1600) was a busho (Japanese military commander) in the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 伊奈昭綱（いなあきつな、生年不詳-慶長5年（1600年））は、安土桃山時代の武将。
English: He was the second son of Akitsugu INA, and he became the adopted son of his older brother Akitada INA who had no heir and succeeded to the position of family head.
Japanese: 伊奈昭忠の次男で、嗣子のない兄・伊奈昭忠の養子となって家督を相続する。
English: He participated in the battle of the Siege of Odawara, and was entitled to 2,500 koku (about 450,000 liters) when Ieyasu conquered Kanto region.
Japanese: 天正18年（1590年）の小田原の役に従軍し、家康の関東入国とともに2500石を与えられる。
English: On the occasion of the conquest of Kagekatsu UESUGI in 1600, he was dispatched to Tohoku region as kenbunshi, the inspector to confirm the rebellion by Kagekatsu.
Japanese: 慶長5年の上杉景勝征伐に際しては、景勝の反逆を確認する検分使として東北に派遣された。
English: After the Battle of Sekigahara, he was in charge of the maitenace of security in Kyoto as the guard of of Hioka no Seki (Hioka checking station) in Yamashiro Province.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦い直後には山城国日岡の関を守衛し、京の治安維持にあたった。
English: When Akitsuna was the guard of Hioka, Masanori FUKUSHIMA, the lord of Hiroshima-jo Castle in Aki Province, dispatched his chief retainer Kaemon SAKUMA as a messenger to Ieyasu who was staying at Fushimi-jo Castle.
Japanese: 昭綱が日岡の守衛をしていた際、安芸国広島城主の福島正則が、家老の佐久間嘉右衛門を伏見城の家康のもとへ使者として派遣した。
English: A vassal of Akitsuna, who was then the guard of checking station, did not allow Sakuma to pass on the ground that he did not possess a pass.
Japanese: だが、関の守衛であった昭綱の家人は佐久間が通行証をもっていなかったことを理由に通過を認めなかったのである。
English: Sakuma made a full report on the affair to his lord soon after he returned to Hiroshima, and committed suicide saying he lost face.
Japanese: 佐久間は広島に戻るや否や主君にこの理不尽さを訴え、面目を失ったとして自害して果てた。
English: Masanori sent the head of Sakuma to Ieyasu in order to check Ieyasu and requested him to order Akitsuna, the responsible person of checking station, to commit suicide by disembowelment.
Japanese: 家康を牽制する必要もあって正則は佐久間の首を家康に送り付け、代償として関所の責任者である昭綱の切腹を要求した。