nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: Harutada TAKADA (year of birth and death unknown) was a feudal warlord in the Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 高田治忠（たかだはるただ、生没年不詳）は、安土桃山時代の武将・大名。
English: In 1585, when Hidekatsu died at the age of 18, he became an immediate vassal of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI and participated in a campaign in the Korean peninsula.
Japanese: 天正13年（1585年）、秀勝が18歳で没すると豊臣秀吉の直臣となり、朝鮮出兵に従軍。
English: In the Battle of Sekigahara, he belonged to the Western Army and guarded Korai-bashi Bridge in Osaka in July to prevent hostages from escaping.
Japanese: 関ヶ原の戦いでは西軍に属し、7月に人質流出を防ぐ為、大坂高麗橋を守備する。
English: Josai KONO (1742-March 26, 1779) was a Japanese Confusian scholar and composer of Chinese poems in the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 河野恕斎（こうのじょさい、寛保2年（1742年）-安永8年2月9日(旧暦)（1779年3月26日））は、江戸時代中期の日本の儒学者・漢詩人である。
English: His first strain of learning was commentaries of the ancients like his father Hakku OKA, but later he changed it to Neo-Confucianism.
Japanese: 学統ははじめ父岡白駒と同じく古注学を宗としたが、後に朱子学に転向した。
English: Josai worshipped Kagi and Riku Ka, his goal was that 'a Confucian acts for governing a nation and providing relief and peace to people,' he submitted a petition to the lord of the domain Naohiro NABESHIMA.
Japanese: 恕斎は賈誼・陸賈の人となりを敬慕しており「儒者は経世済民・治国泰平の為に行動する」ことを標榜していたことから、藩主鍋島直寛に「弊を救う五策」を建白した。
English: He and his wife Nomura liked inviting guests, and often used to have people come over, served delicious food and held a poetry party.
Japanese: 妻の野村氏ともに客好きでよく自宅に人を呼んで自慢の料理を振る舞って詩会を行った。
English: "野史詠" (1786) which was compiled by their friend Soshii includes Chinese poetry made by Josai.
Japanese: 社友の曽之唯が編集した『野史詠』（天明6年）に恕斎の漢詩が掲載されている。
English: Naotsune KUMAGAI (11283 - 1365) was a Gokenin (shogunal retainer)/Samurai during the period between the end of the Kamakura period and the Northern and Southern Courts period (Japan).
Japanese: 熊谷直経（くまがいなおつね、弘安6年（1283年）-貞治4年（1365年））は、鎌倉時代末期から南北朝時代_(日本)の御家人・武士。
English: Both Naotsune and his older brother, Naotsugu KUMAGAI, succeeded the Shoryo (territory) from their father, Naomitsu, after Naomitsu divided the shoryo into two in 1308.
Japanese: 延慶元年（1308年）に、父の直満より、兄の熊谷直継と所領を二分割して与えられた。
English: His father, Naomitsu, died from an illness in 1319 and his half older brother, Naotsugu also died in 1322; thus he succeeded the family estate.
Japanese: 元応元年（1319年）に父の直満が病死し、元亨2年（1322年)には異母兄の直継も死去し、直経が家督を相続した。
English: Naotsune belonged to the Soke (head family) of the KUMAGAI clan; however, by the time Naotsune succeeded the family estate, the KUMAGAI clan had been split and its power had been dispersed into each branch family.
Japanese: 直経は熊谷氏宗家であったが、この頃までに熊谷氏は分裂し、その勢力は各分家に分散していた。
English: Therefore, even though Naotsune's family was the head family, he did not have the power to control branch families.
Japanese: そのため、直経も宗家であっても、一族の惣領と言える立場でもなかった。
English: Around this time, the most powerful KUMAGAI clan living in Aki Province was the Shinjo-line KUMAGAI clan.
Japanese: この頃、安芸在住の熊谷氏の中で最も勢力があったのが新庄熊谷氏であった。
English: Masashige KUSUNOKI gathered troops and shut himself in the Chihaya-jo Castle in 1333.
Japanese: 南朝：元弘3年/北朝:正慶2年（1333年）に楠木正成が挙兵し、千早城に籠もった。
English: Naotsune, ordered from the Kamakura bakufu, joined the force to attack the Chihaya-jo Castle together with other samurai from western provinces
Japanese: 鎌倉幕府の命令を受けた直経は、他の西国の武士と同様に千早城攻めに加わることとなった。
English: He fought furiously in these battles by attacking the Chihaya-jo Castle through the Ote-mon Gate with families and retainers and defeated enemy soldiers around the Ote-mon Gate even though he suffered serious injuries including 4 serious wounds and 18 less serious wounds.
Japanese: この時の直経の戦いぶりは凄まじく、千早城の大手門に一族郎党と突撃し、大きな傷だけでも4ヶ所、小さい傷を合わせると22ヶ所を負傷する重傷を負いながらも大手門付近の敵兵をなぎ倒した。
English: Nevertheless, there was no advancement in the war situation; thus, the force to attack the Chihaya-jo Castle was collapsed.
Japanese: しかしこの奮闘にも関わらず、戦況は利あらず、結局千早城攻撃軍は瓦解することとなった。
English: Later, he joined the force led by Takauji ASHIKAGA and received the order from Takasada SHIJO, an envoy of Imperial Prince Moriyoshi.
Japanese: その後は足利尊氏側に加わり、護良親王の使者四条隆貞からの指令を受けている。
English: Moreover, Takauji ASHIKAGA took over the Rokuhara Tandai (the office of shogunal deputy in Kyoto placed by the Kamakura shogunate) and Yoshisada NITTA and others took over the control of Kamakura; thus the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) fell.
Japanese: そして足利尊氏が六波羅探題を落とし、新田義貞らが鎌倉を落として、鎌倉幕府は滅亡する。
English: Even though the Kenmu Restoration had begun, samurai were treated as spies of the Kuge (Court noble) and they ended up being placed in an unfavorable circumstance.
Japanese: 建武の新政が始まったが、武士はまた公家の犬として扱われ、不公平な立場に置かれることとなった。
English: Naotsune's territory was almost confiscated as the land belonged to a traitor; however, he recovered half of his territory after an appeal.
Japanese: 直経の所領も、反逆者の所領として没収されかかったが、訴訟により半分だけは奪回した。
English: Japan was filled with samurai feeling dissatisfaction toward the government which treated samurai unfairly and Takauji ASHIKAGA finally gathered troops in Kamakura.
Japanese: 武士の同様な不満が日本国中に満ち溢れ、ついに、足利尊氏が鎌倉にて挙兵する。
English: Powerful Gozoku (local ruling families) in Aki province such as Motoharu MORI and Sadatsune YOSHIKAWA, feeling dissatisfaction toward the Imperial Court controlled by Emperor Godaigo, also joined Takauji.
Japanese: 同様に後醍醐天皇が指導する朝廷への不満から、毛利元春や吉川実経等をはじめとする安芸国の有力な豪族が尊氏方に参加。
English: However, branch families of Naotsune such as Rengaku KUMAGAI, his child, Naomura KUMAGAI, and his nephew, Naozumi KUMAGAI, joined the Southern Court (Japan) force and shut themselves in the Yano-jo Castle in order to stop the ASHIKAGA force from going to Tokyo.
Japanese: しかし直経の分家筋であった熊谷蓮覚とその子熊谷直村、甥の熊谷直統らは南朝(日本)方に味方し、足利軍の東上を阻むべく矢野城に立て篭もった。
English: Finally, the offensive and defensive battle of the Yano-jo Castle began on December 23 of the same year between the Southern Court force and the force of Takauji ASHIKAGA, led by Nobutake TAKEDA.
Japanese: そして武田信武率いる足利尊氏勢との間に同年12月23日、矢野城攻防戦が開始された。
English: Shutting himself in the Yano-jo Castle, built strongly utilizing a natural fortress, Renkaku with his small force furiously fought against the outnumbering TAKEDA force and killed many enemies including Shihei YOSHIKAWA and injured many others.
Japanese: 少数とはいえ天然の要害を利用した堅城であった矢野城に立てこもった蓮覚は、多勢の武田軍を相手に奮戦奮闘し、寄せ手の吉川師平が討死、多くの将兵が負傷、死亡した。
English: After defeating the Rengaku family, the ASHIKAGA force travelled up to the East, joined the main force of Takauji ASHIKAGA, and started to guard Kyoto in January of the same year.
Japanese: 蓮覚一族を滅ぼした足利軍は東上して足利尊氏本隊と合流、翌1月には京都の守備についた。
English: However, in the following month, the ASHIKAGA force was forced to be routed by Akiie KITABATAKE who travelled to the South from Mutsu Province.
Japanese: しかし翌月、陸奥国から南下してきた北畠顕家により足利軍は敗走を余儀なくされる。
English: In April of the same year, Takauji defeated Masashige KUSUNOKI and Yoshisada NITTA in the Battle of Minato-gawa River and entered the capital in June.
Japanese: 同年4月には湊川の戦いで楠木正成と新田義貞を撃破、6月には入京を果たした。
English: In 1338, Naotsune left the capital with Yorisada TOKI in order to defeat Yoshisada NITTA who was controlling Echizen Province and Yoshisada was killed in Fujishima in July of the same year.
Japanese: 南朝：延元3年/北朝：暦応元年（1338年)、越前国を支配する新田義貞を撃退すべく土岐頼貞と共に京を出陣し、同年7月に義貞は藤島で討死している。
English: Later, after returning from the capital, Naotsune built the Miiritakamatsu-jo Castle in 1347 on Mt. Takamatsu, an important point looking down the town of Kabe, (it is also said that he chased away the NIKAIDO clan, the lord of the Miiritakamatsu-jo castle at the time) and lived there.
Japanese: その後帰国した直経は、南朝：正平2年/北朝：貞和3年（1347年）に、可部の街を見下ろす要衝の高松山に三入高松城を築城し（当時三入高松城主だった二階堂氏を追い出したとも）、新たな居城とした。
English: In 1349, an ilegitimate child, Naoaki, was born when Naotsune was 67.
Japanese: 南朝：正平4年/北朝：貞和5年（1349年）、67歳の時に嫡子・直明が誕生。
English: In 1365, he transferred the family estate to Naoaki KUMAGAI, a legitimate child, retired, and died in the same year.
Japanese: 南朝：正平20年/北朝：貞治4年（1365年）に嫡子の熊谷直明に家督を譲って隠居、同年に死去した。
English: Kansho RIN (years of birth and death unknown) was a Japanese tenkokuka (artist of seal engraving) in the mid Edo period.
Japanese: 林煥章（りんかんしょう、生卒年不詳）は、江戸時代中期の日本の篆刻家である。
English: When he was a young boy living in Kyoto, he learned seal engraving from Fuyo KO and was given the pseudonym, Kansho.
Japanese: 京都に住んでいた年少の頃、高芙蓉に篆刻を学び、煥章の号を与えられる。
English: After touring Naniwa and Kanto regions, he became the chief priest of Kichijo-ji Temple in Tobu Hachioji, and was known as kalyaana-mitra (one who offers spiritual friendship and guidance that is non-directive, non-denominational, and non-religious).
Japanese: 浪華や関東を遊歴後、東武八王子の吉祥寺の住持となり、善知識としてその名が聞こえた。
English: He served Ujitsuna ROKKAKU, resided in Seta-jo Castle and was called the leader of the south Omi because he had a strong influence there.
Japanese: 六角氏綱に仕え、瀬田城を居城にして江南の旗頭と呼ばれるほどの実力を保持していたといわれた。
English: The Yamaoka clan was the influential vassals of the Rokkaku clan and was in charge of military affairs as the military governor together with the Aochi clan and the Mabuchi clan.
Japanese: 山岡氏は六角氏の有力家臣で、青地氏・馬淵氏らとともに守護六角氏の軍事力の中心を担っていた。
English: Nagaharu MIZOE (date of birth unknown - June 23, 1646) was a busho (Japanese military commander) and a daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) in Azuchi-Momoyama period.
Japanese: 溝江長晴（みぞえながはる、生年不詳－正保3年5月10日(旧暦)（1646年6月23日））は、安土桃山時代の武将・大名。
English: In April 8, 1600, Nagaharu MIZOE inherited his father's property inheritance, Echizen Province and Kanazu-jo Castle with 17713 koku (crop yields.)
Japanese: 慶長5年（1600年）4月8日、父の遺領越前国金津城1万7713石を継ぐ。
English: In 1616, he lived in Minoura village, Sakata county, Omi Province as a guest of Naotaka II.
Japanese: 元和2年（1616年）井伊直孝の客分となり近江国坂田郡箕浦村に住した。
English: In 1628, he became a vassal of Naotaka II, was given 500 koku, and moved near Hikone-jo Castle.
Japanese: 寛永5年（1628年）同家臣となり500石給せられ、彦根城下に移り住む。
English: Nagayasu, Nagaharu's legitimate son, succeeded to the family and possessed 300 koku after dividing the property and giving 200 koku to the younger brother Gohei.
Japanese: 嫡男の長保が家を継ぎ、弟五兵衛200石を分知し、300石の知行となる。
English: Sadamasa YABE (date of birth and death unknown), a busho (Japanese military commander) in Azuchi-Momoyama period, served Nobunaga ODA, and then served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as a vassal.
Japanese: 矢部定政（やべさだまさ、生没年不詳）は、安土桃山時代の武将で織田信長、後に豊臣秀吉家臣。
English: Sadamasa's foster father, Zenshichiro Iesada YABE served Nobunaga ODA as his kinju (attendant), and was called ODA ke bugyo goninsyu (five administrators of the ODA family) together with Nagayori SUGAYA, Hidekazu HASEGAWA, Hidekatsu FUKUTOMI, and Hidemasa HORI.
Japanese: 養父の矢部善七郎家定は、菅屋長頼、長谷川秀一、福富秀勝、堀秀政と織田家奉行五人衆として織田信長の近習として仕えていた。
English: His natural father, Yasushige HONGO was a member of Murakami-Genji (Minamoto clan) and lived in Hongo, Oi-gun, Wakasa Province, where his family has been around for generations as the birthplace of clan.
Japanese: 実父の本郷泰茂は村上源氏の一族で、若狭国大飯郡本郷を本貫地として代々住んでいた。
English: In 1570, Yasushige was affiliated with Nobunaga through the assistance of Iesada, and it seems that he gave Sadamasa for adoption based on the relationship at that time.
Japanese: 元亀元年（1570年）に家定が仲介して信長の傘下に入り、この時の縁により定政を養子にしたと思われる。
English: After the Honnoji Incident, Sadamasa served Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI as umamawarishu (horse guard) with his foster father, and it is said that he took over the family estate after taking a part in the campaign of Odawara no eki (the Siege of Odawara.)
Japanese: の本能寺の変後は、養父と豊臣秀吉に馬廻衆として仕え、小田原の役に従軍した頃、家督を継いだとされる。
English: In Bunroku Keicho no eki (the Bunroku-Keicho War), he protected Ninomaru (second bailey) of Nagoya-jo Castle in Hizen Province that was the foothold of that war.
Japanese: 文禄・慶長の役では、その拠点となった肥前国名護屋城二の丸を警護した。
English: In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he belonged to the West squad and joined the battle in Fushimi-jo Castle and the battle in Otsu-jo Castle, however, he returned to Osaka before the fall of Otsu-jo Castle.
Japanese: 慶長5年（1600年）、関ヶ原の戦いで西軍に属し、伏見城の戦いに参戦し、大津城の戦いにも加わったが、大津城落城前に大坂に引き揚げた。
English: Norikuni MAEDA (1847 - 1915) was a painter and a statesman.
Japanese: 前田則邦（まえだのりくに、弘化4年（1847年）-大正4年（1915年））は、政治家、画家。
English: He was elected as the first mayor of Toyama City for the term, June 2, 1889 - May 27, 1895.
Japanese: 初代富山市長（明治22年（1889年）6月2日～明治28年（1895年）5月27日）となる。
English: Since then, he successively worked in different positions: a head of Toyama Normal School, head of Nei, Kaminiikawa, and Nakaniikawa Districts, president of Juni Bank (the predecessor of Hokuriku Bank), which was established in 1878.
Japanese: その後、富山師範学校校長、婦負・上新川・中新川の郡長、明治11年（1878年）に設立した十二銀行（北陸銀行の前身）頭取などを歴任した。
English: Gyokuko GYOTOKU (June 1828-June 22 1901) was a composer of Chinese poems, a calligrapher, a literati painting and a Tenkoku (seal engraving) artist.
Japanese: 行徳玉江（ぎょうとくぎょくこう、文政11年5月（1828年）-明治34年（1901年）6月22日）は、幕末から明治期のの日本の漢詩人・書家・文人画・篆刻家である。
English: His real name was 直貫 (直 was a given name) or 貫, azana was 仁卿, the second name was 檜園・九柳十橋逸士 in addition to 玉江.
Japanese: 名は直貫（直は譲り字）または貫、字を仁卿、号(称号)は玉江の他に檜園・九柳十橋逸士。
English: After admitted Gyokuso HIROSE's talent for poetry, Motoyasu sent GYOTOKU to study poetry under the tutorship of Gyokuso HIROSE.
Japanese: その後父は浪華に移り住んでいた広瀬旭荘の詩才を見込み、13歳の玉江を入門させている。
English: At the age of 18, appearing in "浪華画家名流" (list of painter in Osaka Prefecture), Gyokuro was recognized as a painter.
Japanese: 18歳のときには『浪華画家名流』にその名が掲載され画家として認められている。
English: Admonished by his uncle to devote all the energies to either the medical profession or calligraphy, GYOTOKU flatly abandoned the medical profession.
Japanese: 叔父に「医業か画業いずれかに専心せよ」と戒めを受けあっさり医を諦める。
English: Kyozo NAGASE (1877 - January 21, 1955) was an architect mostly active in Kyoto.
Japanese: 永瀬狂三（ながせきょうぞう、1877年-1955年1月21日）は、京都を中心に活躍した建築家。
English: He left many of his masterpieces at Kyoto University since he enrolled in the Eizen (Building and Repairs) Department of Kyoto Imperial University.
Japanese: 京都帝国大学営繕に在籍していたことから、京都大学に多くの作品を残している。
English: The origin of his name 'Kyozo' (literally meaning devil's advocate) came from Chapter 13 Shiro, Volume 17 of Rongo; Confucius says, 'if you cannot be a friend of a man of common sense with no shortcoming, then make friends with either a devil's advocate or a moral zealot, because devil's advocates often study hard and moral zealots are very unlikely to be tempted by a desire.'
Japanese: 「狂三」の名前の由来は、論語・巻第七子路第十三の「不得中行而与之、必也狂狷乎、狂者進取、狷者有所不為也（中行を得てこれに与せずんば、必ずや狂狷か、狂者は進みて取り、狷者は為さざる所あり）」から
English: He graduated from the Department of Architecture of the University of Tokyo in 1906 and joined Shimoda Kenzo Goshi Company (Kikutaro SHIMODA) in Yokohama City.
Japanese: 1906年（明治39年）東京大学建築学科を卒業、横浜市の下田築造合資会社（下田菊太郎）に入所
English: The Exhibition Hall in the Department of Literature at Kyoto University (co-designed with Jibei YAMAMOTO in 1914 and registered as a tangible cultural property in Sakyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City)
Japanese: 京都大学文学部陳列館（1914年、山本治兵衛と共同設計、京都市左京区、登録有形文化財）
English: The Promotion Center of the Medical School at Kyoto University (former research laboratory for the Department of Physiology, Sakyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City, 1914)
Japanese: 京都大学医学部推進センター（旧生理学教室研究室、1914年、京都市左京区）
English: Research Center for Geophysics attached to the Department of Science at Kyoto University (registered tangible cultural properties, Beppu City, Oita Prefecture, 1924)
Japanese: 京都大学理学部附属地球物理学研究所（1924年、大分県別府市、登録有形文化財）
English: The Main building of the headquarters at Kyoto University (co-designed with Goichi TAKEDA and Shizuo SAKA, Sakyo-ku Ward, Kyoto City, 1925)
Japanese: 京都大学本部本館（1925年、武田五一・坂静雄と共同設計、京都市左京区）
English: Masayoshi SAITO (1516 - 1548) was a busho (Japanese military commander) who lived during the Sengoku period (Japan).
Japanese: 斎藤正義（さいとうまさよし、永正13年（1516年）-天文17年（1548年））は戦国時代(日本)の武将。
English: Initially, he was an ascetic monk in Yokokawa Senjinin in Mt. Hiei; however, he moved to Mino Province to become a guest freeloader for Dosan SAITO because he preferred the military lifestyle over a monk's.
Japanese: はじめ比叡山横川専心院の修行僧であったが、武事を好み、美濃国に下って斎藤道三の食客となっていた。
English: Furthermore, he played an active role in the battle against the force of Yorizume TOKI, an enemy of Dosan; thus, he was chosen to be Dosan's adapted child and given the family name of Saito.
Japanese: そして道三と敵対する土岐頼純方との合戦に活躍し、道三の猶子に迎えられ、斎藤姓を与えられたという。
English: However, Toshichika SAITO, a grandchild of Myochin SAITO, already called himself Dainagon (major counselor); therefore, it is thought that Masayoshi might have succeeded this Jizein family.
Japanese: ただし、斎藤妙椿の孫の斎藤利親が大納言を名乗っているので、この持是院家を継承したものかもしれない。
English: He served in his first battle in 1532; moreover, following the instructions from Dosan, he built the Kaneyama-jo Castle (Mino Province) in 1537 in order to pressure the Tounou region and prepare for the invasion of Owari province.
Japanese: 天文元年（1532年）に初陣を飾り、天文6年（1537年）、道三の命により、尾張侵攻に備え、金山城(美濃国)を築いて東濃に武威を張っていた。
English: In February, 1548, he was invited into the Kukuri-jo Castle by its lord, Yorioki KUKURI, where he was assassinated; furthermore, the Uho-jo Castle was taken over by Akugoro.
Japanese: 同17年（1548年）2月、配下の久々利城主久々利頼興に館に招かれて謀殺され、烏峰城は悪五郎に乗っ取られてしまった。
English: Time passed and Akugoro was assassinated by Masanori KAKIYA, a grandchild of Masayoshi in 1583.
Japanese: 時は流れて天正11年、悪五郎は正義の孫、加木屋正則により討ち果たされた。
English: There is a portrait of Masayoshi in his armor as a fearless warrior with the year of production, 1539 written on it, and it is kept in the Joon-ji Temple of the Jodo Sect called Masayoshi Kaiki.
Japanese: 正義開基という浄土宗浄音寺に天文8年の賛がある精悍な甲冑姿の肖像が残っている。
English: Tsuneko NOGI (1885-1886) was the eldest daughter (the third child) of Maresuke NOGI (military man in Japanese Army in Meiji era) and Shizuko NOGI.
Japanese: 乃木恒子（のぎつねこ、1885年-1886年）は、明治期の陸軍軍人である乃木希典・乃木静子夫妻の長女（第三子）。
English: Her dates of birth and death are unknown due to lack of material but, her age at death could be 0 on the basis of Gregorian calendar.
Japanese: 生没月日に関しては資料が無いので現時点では不明だが、グレゴリオ暦に於ける誕生日によっては満で数えた場合だと享年が0の可能性もある。
English: Mototeru TAKATSUKASA (April 19, 1727 – July 6, 1743) was a court noble of the middle of the Edo period.
Japanese: 鷹司基輝（たかつかさもとてる、享保12年2月28日(旧暦)（1727年4月19日）-寛保3年5月15日(旧暦)（1743年7月6日））は、江戸時代中期の公家。
English: He was a son of Kaneka ICHIJO but was adopted by Fusahiro TAKATSUKASA and inherited the Takatsukasa family, however, he died suddenly at the age of only 17.
Japanese: 父は一条兼香で、鷹司房熙の養子となり、鷹司家を継承するも、17歳で急死。
English: For preventing the extinction, the Takatsukasa family adopted Atsunomiya, the fourth Prince of Imperial Prince Kaninnomiya Naohito; Atsunomiya called himself Sukehira TAKATSUKASA and inherited the Takatsukasa family.
Japanese: これにより鷹司家は断絶の危機を迎えたが、養子に閑院宮直仁親王第四皇子の淳宮（鷹司輔平）を迎え、危機を免れた。
English: Shigesada SAJI (1174-?) was a samurai who lived during the Kamakura period.
Japanese: 佐治重貞（さじしげさだ、承安(日本)4年（1174年）-?）は鎌倉時代の武士。
English: Afterward, Shigesada, who had become a gokenin (shogunal retainers) of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after reaching the manhood, asked his older brother to return the position of Goshi shiki.
Japanese: その後、元服し鎌倉幕府御家人となった重貞は郷司職の返還を兄に対して求めた。
English: However, so far from returning the position to Shigesada, his brother Yasusada transferred it to his son.
Japanese: しかし、いっこうに返還されないばかりか、兄の康貞は実子に所職を譲度してしまったた。
English: In May 1213, Shigesada performed great feats in the Battle of WADA at the age of 40 by taking sides with Yoshitoki HOJO, with the result that he was finally appointed to the position of Goji and Jito of Saji-go in November of the same year.
Japanese: 建暦3年（1213年）5月、当時40歳であった重貞は、和田合戦において北条義時方について功を為し、ようやく同年11月に佐治郷司並びに地頭に補任された。
English: Takato OSHIMA (1826 - 1901) was a mining scientist of the Meiji period.
Japanese: 大島高任（おおしまたかとう、文政9年（1826年）-明治34年（1901年））は明治時代の鉱山学者。
English: He subsequently returned to his domain and made efforts in mine development, and after the Meiji Restoration, he accompanied the Iwakura Mission (a Japanese diplomatic journey to Europe and the United States between 1871 and 1873 by the top officials of the new Meiji government) to visit and study mines in Europe, and after returning to Japan, he became the first chairman of Mining and Metallurgical Institute of Japan.
Japanese: やがて、藩に戻り鉱山開発に努め、維新後には岩倉使節団に同行、ヨーロッパの鉱山を視察、帰国後は日本鉱業会の初代会長を務めた。
English: Yasusada's younger brother Shigesada SAJI was so young when he took over Saji-go that Yasusada worked as Goshi shiki of the Saji-go instead of his younger brother for a long time.
Japanese: 佐治郷を継承した弟の佐治重貞は当時幼少であったため、康貞が長らく佐治郷司職の代行をしていた。
English: However, without returning the position even after his younger brother reached manhood, Yasusada transferred the position to his son Shigehisa, so that he was sued in the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
Japanese: しかし弟の成人後も所職を返還せず、実子の重久に譲渡してしまったために鎌倉幕府に訴えられた。
English: The fact that the plaintiff Shigesada performed feats in the Battle of WADA worked favorably to Shigesada in the suit, with the result that Yasusada was obliged to return the position in December 1213 after losing the suit.
Japanese: 建暦3年（1213年）11月、争っていた重貞が和田合戦で功を為したのが後押しとなった。
English: The Hiketa family may have declined after Yasusada lost the suit, because the name of the HIKETA family including Yasusada does not appear in historical materials afterward.
Japanese: この後、史料上からは康貞を含む曳田氏の名を確認することはできないため、訴訟に敗れた後、衰退した可能性がある。
English: Noburu KANAI (February 26, 1865 - August 13, 1933) was from Shizuoka Prefecture, an economist and a member of Society for the Study of Social Policy.
Japanese: 金井延（かないのぶる、1865年2月26日（元治2年2月1日(旧暦)）-1933年8月13日）は静岡県出身の経済学者・社会政策学会。
English: After graduating from the University of Tokyo, he went to Germany to study under Gustav von Schmoller and Adolf Wagner.
Japanese: 東京大学を卒業した後、ドイツへ留学し、グスタフ・フォン・シュモラー、アドルフ・ワグナーらに師事。
English: After he had returned to Japan, he joined and became a core member of Society for the Study of Social Policy, and taught as a professor of Tokyo Imperial University until 1925.
Japanese: 帰国後は社会政策学会(日本1897年)に参加しその中心メンバーになるとともに、東京帝国大学にて1925年まで教授を務めた。
English: He established his position based on the economics and social policies he studied in Germany; he joined and became a core member of Society for the Study of Social Policy (of Japan, in 1897) after he returned from Germany.
Japanese: ドイツにて修得した経済学、社会政策の立場に基づき、帰国後社会政策学会(日本1897年)に参加して中心メンバーとなった。
English: He criticized free economy and advocated the gold and silver bimetallism and the protection of workers by the nation.
Japanese: 自由主義経済への批判や、国家による労働者の保護および金銀複本位制度などの提唱を行った。
English: KANAI together with Hirondo TOMIZU, Masaakira TOMII, Toru TERAO, Sakue TAKAHASHI, Kiheiji ONOZUKA, and Shingo NAKAMURA submitted the opinion in writing (The Written Opinion of Seven Scholars) supporting the pro-war position and swayed the public opinion in the direction of opening the war in June, 1903 preceding the Russo-Japanese War.
Japanese: 日露戦争に先立つ1903年6月、戸水寛人、富井政章、寺尾亨、高橋作衛、小野塚喜平次、中村進午らと共に開戦論を主張する意見書（七博士意見書）を提出し、世論を開戦の方向へと位置付けた。
English: Rikinosuke ISHIKAWA (1845 - 1915) was born in Akita Prefecture.
Japanese: 石川理紀之助（いしかわりきのすけ、1845年（弘化2年）-1915年（大正4年））は、秋田県生まれ。
English: He was admired as "a saintly farmer" and known to say "Do your work yourself; don't ask other people to do it for you."
Japanese: 「聖農」と称えられ、「寝ていて人をおこす事なかれ」のことばを残したことで知られる。
English: In addition, he surveyed not only industries and economics but also geographies, histories, personalities, and customs of two prefectures, eight counties, forty-nine towns and villages, and based on the research, proposed comprehensive future plans, 'Tekisanshirabe' (1896 - 1902).
Japanese: そのほか、2県8郡49町村の部落において産業・経済はもとより地理・歴史・人情・習慣についての全般的調査を行い、それに基づいて総合的な将来計画「適産調」を立案した（1896年-1902年）。
English: His words, "If you are going to do something, keep doing it until you see the result," were quoted by Prime Minister Yasuo FUKUDA in his administrative policy speech on January 18, 2008.
Japanese: 「井戸を掘るなら、水の湧く（沸く）まで掘れ」という彼の言葉は、2008年1月18日に福田康夫内閣総理大臣の施政方針演説の中で引用された。
English: "Tekisanshirabe- yoroku" (published in 1917) - the book recommended to survey wider areas not included in the previous research based on the success of 'Tekisanshirabe.'
Japanese: 『適産調要録』（1917年刊）-「適産調」での実績を踏まえ未実施地域での調査を推奨したもの。
English: 'Kosakukai (The Farmer's Association),' included in "The collected works of books on Japanese Agriculture, Volume 63, Agricultural Community Development," Edited by Tsuneo SATO (Rural Culture Association, 1995) ISBN 4-540-94013-9 - records of meetings held by the farmer's association.
Japanese: 「耕作会」『日本農書全集第63巻農村振興』佐藤常雄編集（農山漁村文化協会、1995年）ISBN4-540-94013-9-開催した農業研究会の記録。