nntsuzu/KFTT huggingface dataset:
English: One day when Petitjean was about to attend to some gardening, on March 17, 1865, a group of about fifteen men and women visitors were having a difficult time trying to figure out how to open the door to the church.
Japanese: 1865年（慶応元年）3月17日の午後、プティジャンが庭の手入れをしていると、やってきた15人ほどの男女が教会の扉の開け方がわからず難儀していた。
English: When Petitjean was praying before the altar, a woman in the group named Yuri SUGIMOTO knelt before the priest and said in a whisper, 'We are of the same faith as you.'
Japanese: プティジャンが祭壇の前で祈っていると、一行の一人で杉本ゆりと名乗る中年の女性が彼のもとに近づき、「ワレラノムネ、アナタノムネトオナジ（私たちの信仰はあなたの信仰と同じです）」とささやいた。
English: These were a group of hidden Christians from Urakami who had been keeping their faith in secret for nearly 300 years.
Japanese: 浦上から来た彼らこそ300年近くの間、死の危険を犯してまでキリスト教の信仰を守っていた隠れキリシタンといわれる人々であった。
English: Petitjean dispatched news of the circumstances to Europe, and it became big news.
Japanese: プティジャンはこの仔細をヨーロッパへ書き送り、大きなニュースとなった。
English: Thereafter a continuous flow of people from different parts of Nagasaki appeared and proclaimed themselves to be Christians.
Japanese: 以後、続々と長崎各地で自分たちもキリシタンであるという人々が名乗り出てきた。
English: Pretending to be giving the group a tour of the church, father Petitjean would conduct a mass for the visitors in secret.
Japanese: プティジャンは見学の振りをしながら訪れる日本人信者に対し、秘密裏にミサや指導を行う。
English: However, as more and more believers appeared who were openly expressing their belief in Christianity, they were persecuted and supressed under the anti-Christian policies of the Edo shogunate government that had been continued by the Meiji government (for more details, see the entry on the fourth arrest of Christians of 1867).
Japanese: しかし堂々とキリスト教の信者である事を表明する者が現れたため、江戸幕府やキリスト教禁教政策を引き継いだ明治政府から迫害や弾圧を受ける事になる（詳しくは浦上四番崩れの項参照の事）。
English: However, when Petitjean discovered the Christians, the information regarding oppressive actions of the Meiji government toward Christians mobilized Western governments to pressure the Japanese government about policies supressing Christianity, which lead to the rehabillitation of Christianity, which had been prohibited since the Edo Period.
Japanese: しかしプティジャンによるキリスト教徒発見と、明治政府による一連の弾圧行為の情報が欧米諸国を動かし、日本政府に対しキリスト教弾圧政策に圧力をかける結果に繋がり、江戸時代より禁教とされてきたキリスト教信仰の復活のきっかけとなった。
English: ABE no Yoritoki (year of birth unknown - August 28, 1057) was a military commander in the Heian period.
Japanese: 安倍頼時（あべのよりとき、?-天喜5年7月26日(旧暦)（1057年8月28日））は平安時代の武将。
English: His brothers were ABE no Tadayo and ABE no Ryosho; his children were ABE no Sadato, ABE no Muneto, ABE no Ieto, ABE no Yukito, and many others.
Japanese: 弟に安倍忠世、安倍良照、子に、安倍貞任、安倍宗任、安倍家任、安倍行任ほか多数。
English: After FUJIWARA no Narito was appointed Mutsu no kami (Governor of Mutsu Province) in 1051, the Abe clan mobilized barbarians to invade the provincial governorate by crossing the Koromo River (Iwate Prefecture), and defeated the provincial government force in "the Battle of Onikiribe" (the Zenkunen War).
Japanese: 永承6年（1051年）に藤原登任が陸奥守として赴任すると、俘囚らを動員して衣川(岩手県)を越えて国衙領へ侵攻し、「鬼切部の戦い」において国府側を撃破した（前九年の役）。
English: The Imperial Court then appointed MINAMOTO no Yoriyoshi both Mutsu no kami and Chinjufu Shogun (Commander-in-chief of the Defense of the North) and sent him to attack the Abe clan; however, the Abe clan received an amnesty to pray for Jotomon-in FUJIWARA no Shoshi; both sides concluded a peace.
Japanese: 朝廷では源氏の源頼義を新たに陸奥守、鎮守府将軍に任命して派遣するが、朝廷において上東門院藤原彰子の祈願のために安倍氏に大赦が出され、講和が成立。
English: Just before Yoriyoshi finished up his service as Governor of Mutsu Province in 1056, he provoked Yoritoki to take up arms (the Akutokawa Incident).
Japanese: 1056年、頼義は任期満了で陸奥守をやめる直前、頼時を挑発をして挙兵を誘発した（阿久利川事件）。
English: Details of this incident was as follows: when the Yoriyoshi's army returned to the Taga-jo Castle, his followers' camp was attacked by someone at night; Yoriyoshi requested the handing over of Sadato, a suspect of this incident.
Japanese: これは、多賀城へ帰還中の頼義軍の部下の営所を何者かが夜襲したとされ、その嫌疑人として頼義が貞任の身柄を要求した事件である。
English: However, Gozoku (a powerful regional clan) ABE no Tomitada, who was considered a member of the Abe clan, raise in rebellion against Yoritoki, so Yoritoki went up north to defeat the rebel army.
Japanese: しかし、一族と見られる豪族安倍富忠が頼時に反旗を翻したため討伐のために北上。
English: In August 1057, he encountered a surprise raid near Nitoroshi by Tomitada's army; he was seriously wounded by a stray arrow.
Japanese: 57年7月、仁土呂志辺においてに富忠勢に奇襲を受け、流れ矢を受けて深手を負った。
English: Seriously wounded, he retreated to Tonomi no saku (a fort of Tonomi); however, he died there within a reach of the Koromo River base.
Japanese: 重傷の身で鳥海柵まで退却したが、本拠地の衣川を目前に鳥海柵で没した。
English: In addition, according to Konjaku monogatari shu (The Tale of Times Now Past), he did not mastermind the rebellion; this incident was followed by the fact that he was suspected of exploiting the uprising of Emishi (Japanese northerners).
Japanese: なお、今昔物語集等を根拠として、頼時自身は反乱の首謀者ではなく蝦夷反乱に同調しようとしたとの嫌疑が掛けられたことに伴うものである等の見解が出されている。
English: Masayasu KUROKAWA (March 21, 1817 to September 28, 1890) was a doctor who practiced Western medicine and a Dutch scholar (a person who studied Western sciences by means of the Dutch language) during the end of Edo period.
Japanese: 黒川良安（くろかわまさやす、1817年3月21日（文化(元号)14年2月4日(旧暦)）-1890年（明治23年）9月28日）は、江戸時代末期の蘭学医者、蘭学者である。
English: Because he founded Kanazawa Vaccination Institute which became the foundation of Kaga Domain Medical School (one of the schools streamed from the present Department of Medicine, Kanazawa University) and was the founder of modern medical science in Hokuriku region, a relief sculpture of him was set up in the campus of Department of Medicine, Kanazawa University, to commemorate him.
Japanese: 加賀藩医学館（現金沢大学医学部の源流諸校の1つ）の基となる金沢種痘所を創るなど、北陸近代医学の祖であり、金大医学部キャンパスには彼を記念するレリーフが設置されている。
English: In 1817, he was born as the child of Genryu KUROKAWA, who was a doctor.
Japanese: 1817年　医者である黒川玄龍（くろかわ　げんりゅう）の子として生まれる
English: In 1836, after he visited Koan OGATA at his school of western sciences in Osaka, under Koan's instruction he entered the school of Shindo TSUBOI, who was a Dutch scholar in Edo, and became the head of the school.
Japanese: 1836年　適塾に緒方洪庵を訪ね、洪庵の指示により、江戸の蘭学者である坪井信道の門に入り塾頭となる
English: Yorinao (also Yorihisa) SHONI (1293 - 1371) was a Kyushu military commander who lived during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan) and into the Muromachi period.
Japanese: 少弐頼尚（しょうによりなお（よりひさ）、1293年（永仁元年）-1371年（建徳2年/応安4年））は、南北朝時代(日本)、室町時代の九州の武将である。
English: When the Genko War, a war whose object was to overthrow the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), broke out in 1333, Yorinao joined his father Sadatsune--both of whom were in support of the war--in a campaign to destroy Hidetoki HOJO, the chinzei tandai (military governor) of Hakata and the force of the Hojo clan in Kyushu.
Japanese: 1333年（元弘3年）に鎌倉幕府討幕運動である元弘の乱が起こると賛同し、父の貞経に従って九州における北条氏勢力であった博多の鎮西探題北条英時を滅ぼす。
English: After the Kamakura bakufu was destroyed, the Emperor Godaigo's Kemmu Restoration began, but when Takauji ASHIKAGA, who had become disillusioned with Godaigo's direct imperial rule, tried to take refuge in Kyushu, Yorinao marched out to Akamaseki barrier to meet him; while en route, however, Dazaifu (the modern-day Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture) was attacked by Taketoshi KIKUCHI and Korenao ASO, both supporters of the Emperor, and his father Sadatsune was killed in the ensuing battle.
Japanese: 鎌倉幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇の建武の新政が始まり、親政から離反した足利尊氏が九州へ落ち延びてくると頼尚は尊氏を迎えるために赤間関へ赴き、その最中に宮方に属した菊池武敏、阿蘇惟直に大宰府（福岡県福岡市）を攻められ父の貞経が戦死する。
English: In 1336, Yorinao was part of the Ashikaga force that crushed the army of the Kikuchi clan in the battle of Tatarahama in Chikuzen Province (modern-day Higashi Ward, Fukuoka City), and accompanied Takauji--who had once again set his sights on recapturing the capital of Kyoto--on his campaign into the Kinai (the region around Kyoto).
Japanese: 1336年（建武(日本)3年）に頼尚は足利勢とともに筑前国多々良浜の戦い（福岡市東区(福岡市)）で菊池氏らを撃破し、再び京都を目指す尊氏に従い畿内まで従軍する。
English: Yorinao was rewarded for his service by being appointed the governor of several provinces, including Chikuzen, Buzen, Higo, and Tsushima.
Japanese: 頼尚は恩賞として筑前国、豊前国、肥後国、対馬国などの守護職を与えられる。
English: After internecine strife within the Ashikaga family blossomed into outright opposition between Takauji and his younger brother Tadayoshi ASHIKAGA in what became known as the Kanno Disturbance, Tadayoshi's adopted son Tadafuyu ASHIKAGA sought refuge in Kyushu in 1349, and Yorinao chose to back Tadafuyu, giving him his own daughter in marriage and falling into armed conflict with Noriuji ISSHIKI, the Kyushu tandai (military commissioner) and the force of Ashikaga in Kyushu, but Tadafuyu was destroyed, and consequently the greater part of Yorinao's territory was confiscated.
Japanese: 足利家で尊氏と弟の足利直義が対立した観応の擾乱が発生し、1349年（貞和5年/正平(日本)4年）に直義の養子の足利直冬が九州へ逃れると頼尚は娘を娶せて直冬を擁立し、九州における足利勢力である九州探題の一色範氏と争うが、直冬が没落したために領地の大半は没収される。
English: Moreover, when the Imperial Prince Kaneyoshi (also pronounced "Kanenaga"), the Emperor Godaigo's own son, was sent by the Yoshino Court (that is, the Southern Court) as seisei shogun (general who pacifies the west) on a military expedition to Kyushu, he entered the southern Kyushu and went to join forces with the Kikuchi clan.
Japanese: さらに吉野朝廷は後醍醐天皇の皇子である懐良親王を征西将軍として九州へ派遣し、懐良は南九州へ入り菊池氏に迎えられる。
English: In 1359, the Shoni clan was defeated by Takemitsu KIKUCHI and the rest of the seisei shogun's army in the Battle of Chikugo-gawa River, and in 1361 Yorinao was driven back from Uchiyama-jo Castle in Dazaifu.
Japanese: 1359年（延文4年/正平14年）には少弐氏は菊池武光ら征西将軍勢力と筑後川の戦いで敗れ、1361年には頼尚は大宰府有智山城を追われる。
English: Sakimitsu YANAGIWARA (1850 - September 2, 1894) was a Court noble who was born in Kyoto, Yamashiro Province and he later became a count.
Japanese: 柳原前光（やなぎはらさきみつ、1850年（嘉永3年）-1894年（明治27年）9月2日）は、山城国京（京都）出身の公家で、後に伯爵。
English: A poet Byakuren YANAGIHARA who became famous through Byakuren Incident was the second daughter of Sakimitsu (a daughter of Oryo, who was a geisha (Japanese professional female entertainer at drinking party) and his concubine).
Japanese: 白蓮事件で有名になった歌人の柳原白蓮は前光の次女（妾で芸者"おりょう"との間の子）である。
English: Sukemasa IRIE, who was a famous essayist and a Jiju (Imperial Household Agency staff) of Emperor Showa, was a grandson of Sakimitsu (Sukemasa was the third son of Tamemori and Nobuko IRIE).
Japanese: 昭和天皇の侍従で随筆家としても有名な入江相政は前光の孫にあたる（相政は入江為守・信子夫妻の三男）。
English: At Seinan War, he visited Kagoshima as an Imperial envoy and he interviewed Tadayoshi SHIMAZU and Uzuhiko SHIMAZU.
Japanese: 西南戦争では勅使として鹿児島入りし島津忠義・島津珍彦と会見している。
English: Later he became Genroin gikan (councilor of Chamber of Elders or Senate) (Japan) where he engaged in discussion of Penal Code and Chizaiho (the Criminal Procedure Law of 1880 -1890), and filled posts of a minister to Russia, President of Decoration Bureau and the chairman of Genroin (the Chamber of Elders).
Japanese: その後元老院(日本)議官となり刑法・治罪法審議に従事し、駐露公使・賞勲局総裁・元老院議長を務める。
English: Kazue SOMA (1835 or 1843 - 1875?) was the last commander of the Shinsengumi (a special force that guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate).
Japanese: 相馬主計（そうまかずえ、天保6年（1835年）或いは14年（1843年）-明治8年（1875年）？）は、新選組最後の隊長。
English: After he left the domain in 1865, he applied for the recruitment of Shogunate Infantry, and was stationed in Mitsuura (present Matsuyama City, Aichi Prefecture) during the Second Conquest of Choshu.
Japanese: その後、慶応元年(1865)脱藩し、幕府歩兵の徴募に応じ第二次長州征伐の際は三津浦(現愛媛県松山市)に駐屯した。
English: However, the date of the enrolment in the Shinsengumi is not clear (according to one theory, it was in October 1867).
Japanese: ただ相馬がいつ新選組に入隊したかの詳細は不明である（慶応3年10月説あり）。
English: Later, in the Koyo Chinbutai (a military unit formed specially for the campaign in Kai Province) he distinguished himself as the chief of the direct attendant group on Commander, and when Isami KONDO surrendered to the New government army in Nagareyama and presented himself at the government-general in Itabashi, Soma visited Itabashi to beg for Kondo's life with the letter of Shogunate Army Gunjikata (officer in charge of military affaires), Gennojo MATSUNAMI.
Japanese: その後、甲陽鎮撫隊では局長付組頭として頭角を現し、流山で近藤勇が新政府軍に投降し、板橋の総督府に出頭すると、幕府陸軍軍事方、松濤権之丞の書状を携え、近藤の助命のために板橋を訪れた。
English: However, as Kondo had been already captured, Soma was also detained there as a Kondo's ally.
Japanese: しかし、近藤はすでに捕縛されていたことから、相馬もまた仲間として捕縛されてしまう。
English: Though Soma was scheduled to be executed on May 17, 1868 together with Kondo, thanks to Kondo, who begged for Kazue's life, he and Risaburo NOMURA, who was also captured, were spared from the execution, and they were ordered to put a rein on their own behavior under the custody of the Kasama Domain.
Japanese: 4月25日、近藤勇と一緒に処刑されるはずだったが、近藤の助命により、一緒に捕縛されていた野村利三郎と共に処刑を免れ、笠間藩に預けられ謹慎する。
English: He later entered into the Shogunate Army to work under the direction of Saemon KASUGA, and after the Shogitai (group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the Battle of Ueno) was fallen apart to pieces, he fought in one place after another toward the Iwaki Province with other former Tokugawa retainers.
Japanese: のちに陸軍隊春日左衛門の支配下に入り、彰義隊瓦解後、旧幕臣らとともに磐城方面を転戦する。
English: After having fought in various battles, he reached Hakodate Goryokaku, which was the final field of the Boshin War, and he took charge of controlling Hakodate City mainly.
Japanese: 戊辰戦争の最終地である箱館五稜郭へと転戦し、主に箱館市中の取締の任にあたる。
English: After Toshizo HIJIKARA, who was leading the Shinsengumi, died in battle on June 20, 1869, the Shinsengumi members staying in Benten Daiba (Cape Benten Battery) presented a letter of obedience to the new government with the name of Soma at the head of the letter as Commander, which finally closed the curtain on the history of the Shinsengumi.
Japanese: 明治2年5月11日、新選組を統率していた土方歳三が戦死すると、弁天台場の新選組は相馬を隊長として恭順の書状に名前をしたため、新選組の歴史に幕を引いた。
English: On November 3, 1870, Soma was alleged to have assassinated Kashitaro ITO and was condemned to transportation, and deported to Nii-jima Island of Izu.
Japanese: 明治3年10月10日、伊東甲子太郎暗殺の嫌疑により、終身流罪となり、伊豆新島に流される。
English: In 1872, he was pardoned and lived in a place called 'Kuramae' in Tokyo with his wife Matsu.
Japanese: 明治5年、赦免され、東京の「くらまえ」と称する場所に妻マツと暮らした。
English: Next year, he began working for the Toyooka Prefecture (former Toyooka Domain) as the 15th rank attendant, probably with the backing of Uchu ONO, who was Gonsanji (second to the governor) of Toyooka Prefecture (former Toyooka Domain) at that time.
Japanese: 翌年、豊岡県権参事だった大野右仲の推薦からか、同県へ15等出仕として勤務する。
English: According to that, when Matsu returned home, the paper screens were stained in bloody red and Soma had already committed disembowelment without being assisted.
Japanese: それによればマツが外出先から帰ってきた際、すでに相馬は障子を真っ赤に染め、介錯もなく割腹を遂げていたという。
English: With his last breath, Soma himself strictly ordered Matsu 'not to breath a word of it,' and since Matsu kept his order until she died, the details and motive as well as the temple where he was buried are unknown to date.
Japanese: その際、相馬自身がマツに「他言無用」と厳命し、マツが生涯その命を守り通したため、自殺の詳細や動機、また菩提寺については現在に至るまで不明である。
English: Ginko OGINO (real name: Gin OGINO/ April 4, 1851-June 23, 1913) was the first female doctor in modern Japan.
Japanese: 荻野吟子（おぎのぎんこ（本名：荻野ぎん）、1851年4月4日（嘉永4年3月3日(旧暦)）-1913年（大正2年）6月23日）は、近代日本における日本初の一覧の女性の医師である。
English: She was born to Ayazaburo OGINO, village headman who had been allowed to adopt surname and wear a pair of sword for generations, and Kayo OGINO as their fifth daughter (youngest daughter) in the village of Tawarase, Hatara County, Musashi Province (currently, Tawarase, Kumagaya City, Saitama Prefecture/ until Sept 30, 2005: Oaza Tawarase, Menuma-machi, Osato-gun).
Japanese: -武蔵国幡羅郡（はたらぐん）俵瀬（たわらせ）村（現在の埼玉県熊谷市俵瀬、2005年9月30日までは大里郡妻沼町大字俵瀬）に、代々苗字帯刀を許された名主の荻野綾三郎、嘉与（かよ）の五女（末娘）として生を享ける。
English: She married to Kanichiro INAMURA (later, the first president of Ashikaga Bank), the eldest son of the headman of the village of Kamikawakami, Kita-Saitama County, Musashi Province (currently, Kamikawakami, Kumagaya City, Saitama Prefecture), upon his request.
Japanese: -望まれて武蔵国北埼玉郡上川上村（現在の熊谷市上川上）の名主の長男稲村貫一郎（のちの足利銀行初代頭取）と結婚。
English: She was hospitalized in Juntendo Hospital in Tokyo to receive gynecological treatment, which was given by only male doctors.
Japanese: 上京し順天堂医院に入院し婦人科治療をうけるが、そのとき治療にあたった医師がすべて男性だった。
English: From her humiliating experience of exposing her lower body to male doctors for treatment, she decided to become a female doctor so that she could rescue women from suffering the same humiliating experience.
Japanese: 男性医師に下半身を晒して診察される屈辱的な体験から、女医となって同じ羞恥に苦しむ女性たちを救いたいという決意により、女医を志す。
English: Through her school's Professor Hisaichiro NAGAI's introduction, she got acquainted with Tadanori ISHIGURO, high-rank Surgeon General and viscount, to whom she appealed the necessity of female doctors.
Japanese: 同学校の永井久一郎教授紹介により軍医監で子爵の石黒忠悳（ただのり）に女医の必要性を解く。
English: Through ISHIGURO's introduction, she was specially allowed to enroll the Koju-in College, a private medical school in Shitaya Neribei-machi (present Akihabara), which was run by Tsunenori TAKASHINA, a court physician who worked at Tenyakuryo (the Bureau of Medicine).
Japanese: 石黒を介して、典薬寮出身で侍医の高階経徳が経営する下谷練塀（ねりべい）町（現在の秋葉原）の私立医学校・好寿院に特別に入学を許される。
English: Being only woman among male students, she experienced various types of bullying and went through hardship and troubles, but she graduated with excellent results in three years.
Japanese: 男子学生に混じり様々ないじめや苦労の艱難辛苦を舐めつつ3年間で優秀な成績で修了する。
English: However, her application for the general practitioner tests was rejected by the Tokyo metropolitan government on the ground of her gender, followed by the same result in the following year.
Japanese: しかし、女性であることより、東京府に医術開業試験願を提出したが却下、翌年も同様であった。
English: "As the day ebbs in autumn (a season when chrysanthemum blooms under the hedge, and creeping branches exude a scarlet hue), it becomes colder, and tiles are covered with chilly air."
Japanese: 「時方に孟秋の暮つかた、籬落の菊花綾を布き、万朶の梢錦をまとうのとき、天寒く霜気瓦を圧す。」
English: "Feeling disappointment, I go up to the top of the hill at full moon in an autumn breeze and see smoke coming from millions of bustling houses in downtown."
Japanese: 「満月秋風　独り悵然として高丘に上れば、烟は都下幾万の家ににぎはう。」
English: "Relatives and friends again laugh at me, and I am in dead end, with escape strategies eluding me again."
Japanese: 「...親戚朋友嘲罵は一度び予に向かって湧ぬ、進退是れ谷まり百術総て尽きぬ。」
English: "The flow is blocked by the rock standing in the middle, and I'm beginning to see that the rock is there to further whirl the raging flow rather than stop it."
Japanese: 「見ずや中流一岩の起つあるは却て是れ怒涛盤滑を捲かしむるのしろなるを。」
English: Her resolution to become a general practitioner, however, was strong, and she seems to have planned to get certified under overseas institutions as the last ditch effort.
Japanese: 開業への思いは強く最後の手段として外国での資格取得も考えていたようである。
English: Kaemon TAKASHIMA, an entrepreneur, sympathized with Ginko, who was cornered because of the rejection of GP test application, and introduced Sensai NAGAYO, head of Hygiene Bureau at the Ministry of Home Affairs, to Ginko, through Yorikuni INOUE.
Japanese: 開業試験願を却下され窮地に陥っている吟子に同情した実業家の高島嘉右衛門は、井上頼圀に依頼して内務省衛生局局長、長与専斎を紹介。
English: When enrolling the Koju-in College, Ginko read various books and discovered in the book "Ryo-no-gige" (commentary on the Ryo) that there were female doctor-like persons in Japan from ancient times.
Japanese: 吟子は好寿院に入る際にいろいろの書物を捜した末『令義解』という本に、日本でも古代から女医らしい者があったことを突きとめた。
English: Kaemon TAKASHIMA, meanwhile, asked Yorihuni INOUE to examine historical records from ancient times, which mentioned female doctors.
Japanese: 併せて高島嘉右衛門は、井上頼圀に依頼して、古代からの女医の史実を調査してもらった。
English: Tadanori ISHIGURO, feeling responsibility, contacted the head of the bureau upon Ginko's request, and asked for acceptance of her application, but his petition was rejected on the ground that women could not be applicable.
Japanese: 吟子に依頼を受けた石黒忠悳も、責任があるので衛生局へ行き、局長に会って頼んだところ、女は困ると言われた。
English: If women are not welcome, a clause that "Women are banned from becoming doctors." should be inserted in laws."
Japanese: 「女がいけないのなら、『女は医者になる可らず』と書き入れておくべきだ。」
English: Thanks to the help of Bureau Head NAGAYO, who was moved by Ginko and her supporters' passion, it was decided that "It would be all right if we allow women to take the GP tests as long as they have knowledge and skills."
Japanese: こうして吟子と支援者との熱意にうたれた長与局長の計らいで「学力がある以上は、開業試験を受けることを許可して差し支えない」ということになる。
English: During first few years after the opening of the clinic, Ginko was the darling of newspapers and magazines as the first female doctor, and her clinic was crowded with patients for a while.
Japanese: 開業当初は第1号女医と新聞や雑誌にもてはやされ、一時は患者にあふれた。
English: The common practice at that time, however, was that people below the middle class consulted with witch doctors or counted on folk remedies rather than went to a clinic to see a doctor.
Japanese: しかし、当時は中産階級以下の者は医者にかかることなく祈祷師や民間療法に頼る時代であった。
English: Also, without healthcare, it was very difficult for doctors to ask every patient who had treatment to bear all the expensive medical costs.
Japanese: また保険医療もなく、たとえ患者として受診した者に対しても、高額になる医療費を全ての者に全部支払ってもらうことなど出来ない時代であった。
English: However, OGINO was an important person in that she opened the door to the GP tests for women.
Japanese: しかし、女性に対して医術開業試験への門戸を開いたという意味で、荻野は重要な人物である。
English: Together with Ukitchi TAGUCHI, author of "Nihon kaika shoshi," (literally, small history of Japanese civilization) Ginko was christened by EBINA Danjo.
Japanese: -海老名弾正から『日本開化小史』の著書で有名な田口卯吉らとともにキリスト教の洗礼を受ける。
English: She joined the Christian Women Ethics Club, worked as the Manner Chief of the club, and got involved in the prostitute abolishment movement.
Japanese: キリスト教婦人矯風会にも参加し、その風俗部長に就任するとともに、廃娼運動にも取り組む。
English: At the age of 39, she remarried over opposition to Yukiyoshi SHIKATA, a student of Doshisha University who was 13-year junior to her and a devout Christian who was baptized by Joseph Hardy Neesima (Joe NIIJIMA).
Japanese: -39歳の時13歳年下の同志社の学生で、新島襄から洗礼を受け敬虔なキリスト教徒だった志方之善（しかたゆきよし）と周囲の反対を押し切り再婚する。
English: Happy newlywed life, where they were bonded with shared passion for Christianity and ideal society, was ephemeral.
Japanese: キリスト教や理想社会を求める互いの熱意に共感し合って幸せな新婚生活であったのも束の間だった。
English: Yukiyoshi revealed to Ginko his resolution to emigrate to Hokkaido to set up a Christian utopia there.
Japanese: 夫の之善はキリスト教徒の理想郷をつくるという信念から北海道へ渡る決意を吟子に告げる。
English: Ginko closed her clinic and migrated (several years after Yukiyoshi's emigration) to Inumaeru (Imagane town), where Yukiyoshi lived.
Japanese: 吟子も診療所をたたみ、数年おくれて之善のいるイマヌエル（今金町）へ渡った。
English: The tasks of cultivating woodland and wasteland in Hokkaido and building a utopia were, in reality, a very troublesome endeavor.
Japanese: 北海道の密林と原野を開拓して理想郷を創造するというこの仕事は、実際には困難を極めた。
English: Yukiyoshi, who had failed also in the development of a manganese mine in Kunnui area, reentered Doshisha University in Kyoto.
Japanese: 国縫のマンガン鉱の開発にも失敗した之善は、京都の同志社へ再入学した。
English: As female doctors were not accepted at that time, she had her hair cut short just in the same way as her male classmates.
Japanese: その頃は女医は認められていないため、ヘアスタイルはショートカットで、　男性と同じ髪型であった。
English: Tanenao HARADA (dates of birth and death unknown) was a Japanese military commander and Dazai gonno Shoni (Junior Assistant Governor-General of Dazai-fu [local government office in Kyushu region]) in the late Heian period.
Japanese: 原田種直（はらだたねなお、生没年不詳）は、平安時代末期の武将、大宰権少弐。
English: The Harada clan originated from the Okura clan, a direct descendant of OKURA no Haruzane, who performed distinguish services to suppress the Rebellion of Johei Tengyo (FUJIWARA no Sumitomo's rebellion).
Japanese: 原田氏は承平天慶の乱（藤原純友の乱）鎮圧に活躍した大蔵春実の子孫、大蔵氏の嫡流。
English: The Harada clan successively inherited the posts of Dazai no Daigen and Shogen (Junior Inspector of Dazai-fu) (the third highest rank official of Dazai-fu in charge of military and police affairs in the area).
Japanese: 代々大宰府の現地任用官最高位の大宰大監・少監（大宰府の第三等官・管内の軍事警察を管轄）を世襲する。
English: After the Hogen War, he privately established a subordinate-superior relationship with the Taira clan (TAIRA no Kiyomori and TAIRA no Yorimori, who were successively appointed Dazai no Daini [Senior Assistant Governor-General of Dazai-fu, the second highest rank official of Dazai-fu]).
Japanese: 保元の乱以降、大宰大弐（大宰府の第二等官）に続けて任官した平氏（平清盛、平頼盛）と私的主従関係を結ぶ。
English: He took an adopted daughter of TAIRA no Shigemori, TAIRA no Kiyomori's eldest son, to his wife; he acted as a representative of the administration of the Taira clan in Dazai-fu in charge of the trade between Japan and the Sung Dynasty in China.
Japanese: 平清盛の長男、平重盛の養女を妻とし、大宰府における平氏政権、日宋貿易の代行者となる。