nlpai-lab/mirage huggingface dataset:
G-quadruplex
With the abundance of G-quadruplexes "in vivo", these structures hold a biologically relevant role through interactions with the promoter regions of oncogenes and the telomeric regions of DNA strands. Current research consists of identifying the biological function of these G-Quadruplex structures for specific oncogenes and discovering effective therapeutic treatments for cancer based on interactions with G-quadruplexes. Early evidence for the formation of G-quadruplexes in vivo in cells was established by isolating them from cells, and later by the observation that specific DNA helicases could be identified where small molecules specific for these DNA structures accumulated in cells. Topology. The length of the nucleic acid sequences involved in tetrad formation determines how the quadruplex folds. Short sequences, consisting of only a single contiguous run of three or more guanine bases, require four individual strands to form a quadruplex. Such a quadruplex is described as tetramolecular, reflecting the requirement of four separate strands. The term G4 DNA was originally reserved for these tetramolecular structures that might play a role in meiosis. However, as currently used in molecular biology, the term G4 can mean G-quadruplexes of any molecularity. Longer sequences, which contain two contiguous runs of three or more guanine bases, where the guanine regions are separated by one or more bases, only require two such sequences to provide enough guanine bases to form a quadruplex.

Question: If the term G4-DNA was originally used to describe tetramolecular structures, what does it currently signify in molecular biology?
Answer: G-quadruplexes of any molecularity
Anthony Roll
Record of ships of the English Tudor navy of the 1540s
The Anthony Roll is a written record of ships of the English Tudor navy of the 1540s, named after its creator, Anthony Anthony. It originally consisted of three rolls of vellum, depicting 58 naval vessels along with information on their size, crew, armament, and basic equipment. The rolls were presented to King Henry VIII in 1546, and were kept in the royal library. In 1680 King Charles II gave two of the rolls to Samuel Pepys, who had them cut up and bound as a single volume book, which is now in the Pepys Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge. The third roll remained in the royal collection until it was given by King William IV to his daughter Lady Mary Fox, who sold it to the British Museum in 1858; it is now owned by the British Library. The Anthony Roll is the only known fully illustrated inventory of ships of the English navy in the Tudor period. As the work of a successful state official in 16th century England, the artistic value of the Anthony Roll has been described as being characterised by "naive draughtsmanship and conformity to a pattern" though its artistic aspects display "a decent amateur grasp of form and colour". While the inventories listed in its text have proven to be highly accurate, most of the ship illustrations are rudimentary and made according to a set formula. The level of detail of the ship design, armament and especially rigging has therefore proven to be only approximate.

Question: If Lady Mary Fox had decided not to sell the Anthony Roll to the British Museum in 1858, where would it likely be located today?
Answer: Royal Collection
Abdul Hamid II
Abdul Hamid II attempted to reassert his absolutism a year later, resulting in his deposition by pro-constitutionalist forces in the 31 March incident, though the role he played in events is disputed.&lt;templatestyles src="Template:TOC limit/styles.css" /&gt;
Early life. Hamid Efendi was born on 21 September 1842 either in Çırağan Palace, Ortaköy, or at Topkapı Palace, both in Constantinople. He was the son of Sultan Abdulmejid I and Tirimüjgan Kadın (Circassia, 20 August 1819 – Constantinople, Feriye Palace, 2 November 1853), originally named Virjinia. Following his mother's death, he became the adoptive son of his father's legal wife, Perestu Kadın. Perestu was also the adoptive mother of Abdul Hamid's half-sister Cemile Sultan, whose mother Düzdidil Kadın had died in 1845, leaving her motherless at the age of two. The two were brought up in the same household, where they spent their childhood together. Unlike many other Ottoman sultans, Abdul Hamid II visited distant countries. In the summer of 1867, nine years before he ascended the throne, he accompanied his uncle Sultan Abdul Aziz on a visit to Paris (30 June – 10 July 1867), London (12–23 July 1867), Vienna (28–30 July 1867), and capitals or cities of a number of other European countries. Accession to the Ottoman throne.

Question: If Abdul Hamid II had followed the tradition of other Ottoman sultans, which places would he not have visited nine years before his ascension to the throne?
Answer: Paris, Distant countries, Vienna, London, Other European countries
Get a Grip Tour
Interspersed among regular show dates were performances on television shows such as "Saturday Night Live", "Late Show with David Letterman", "MTV's Most Wanted", the MTV Video Music Awards, the Grammy Awards, and the MTV Europe Music Awards. The band also played club shows, in Los Angeles, London – as a surprise – Sioux Falls, South Dakota after a concert there. At the Woodstock '94 festival in August 1994, the band closed the show on Saturday night, taking the stage at 1:15am to a crowd of 350,000. They were supposed to start at midnight, but a heavy downpour delayed the start time. Steven Tyler and Joey Kramer had attended the original Woodstock Festival in 1969. Opening acts on the tour included Megadeth, Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Cry of Love, Jackyl, 4 Non Blondes, Soul Asylum, Therapy?, Collective Soul, Extreme, Brother Cane, Mr. Big, and Robert Plant in Argentina. Megadeth opened the first shows in June, but was fired on July 17, after the band overheard Dave Mustaine talking poorly of Aerosmith in a radio interview: "We think we oughta be headlining, but we don't mind because everyone knows this is Aerosmith's last hurrah." Steven Tyler replied, "Dave, we'd like to help you out. Which way did you come in?"

Question: If there hadn't been a heavy downpour, at what time would Aerosmith have begun their performance at Woodstock '94?
Answer: Midnight
Operation Outside the Box
On 6 March 2017, the Kibar nuclear site was captured by the Syrian Democratic Forces – a U.S.-backed coalition of Kurdish and Arab militia fighters – from a retreating ISIL force in northern Deir Ezzor province. Pre-strike activity. In 2001, the Mossad, Israel's external intelligence service, was profiling newly inducted Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. Visits by North Korean dignitaries, which focused on advanced arms deliveries, were noticed. Aman, Israel's military intelligence department, suggested nuclear arms were being discussed, but the Mossad dismissed this theory. In spring 2004, U.S. intelligence reported multiple communications between Syria and North Korea, and traced the calls to a desert location called al-Kibar. Unit 8200, Israel's signals intelligence and codebreaking unit, added the location to its watch list. "The Daily Telegraph", citing anonymous sources, reported that in December 2006, a top Syrian official (according to one article this was the head of the Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Ibrahim Othman) arrived in London under a false name. The Mossad had detected a booking for the official in a London hotel, and dispatched at least ten undercover agents to London. The agents were split into three teams. One group was sent to Heathrow Airport to identify the official as he arrived, a second to book into his hotel, and a third to monitor his movements and visitors.

Question: If the Mossad, the Israeli intelligence agency, had proceeded with their initial plan to assassinate a high-ranking Syrian official in London, who would have been the targeted individual?
Answer: Ibrahim Othman
Despised Icon
On June 18, 2008, the original bassist Sebastien Piché has left the band due to him having a full-time job and being a new father. Piché was replaced by Max Lavelle from Goratory. They were then on the 2008 Summer Slaughter Tour alongside The Black Dahlia Murder, Vader, Cryptopsy, The Faceless, Aborted, Born of Osiris, Psycroptic, and Whitechapel. In late October 2008, Despised Icon announced the details of their first DVD, entitled "Montreal Assault", which was released January 27, 2009. The DVD features a multi-camera shoot from the band's sold-out hometown show, along with a documentary, in addition to all their music videos. It was originally intended to be released on January 17, but was delayed due to manufacturing problems. In December 2008, guitarist Al Glassman left Despised Icon to join Job for a Cowboy in replacement of their original guitarist Ravi Bhadriraju. During their 2009 Montreal Assault Tour, Despised Icon announced that they were recording a new studio album, entitled "Day of Mourning", that was released on September 22, 2009 by Century Media Records. On July 17, 2009, Despised Icon released their song, "MVP" as the first song off of "Day of Mourning" onto the web. They played on the 2009 Thrash and Burn Tour alongside DevilDriver, Emmure, Veil of Maya, For the Fallen Dreams, Oceano, Periphery, MyChildren MyBride, and Thy Will Be Done.

Question: If there had been no manufacturing issues, when was Despised Icon's DVD "Montreal Assault" originally scheduled for release?
Answer: January 17, 2009, January 17
All for You Tour
2001–02 concert tour by Janet Jackson
The All for You Tour was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Janet Jackson, in support of her seventh studio album "All for You" (2001). The show was designed by Mark Fisher and Jackson. It was originally scheduled to start in Vancouver, Canada, but due to problems transporting technical equipment across the Canada–United States border, the first show took place in Portland, Oregon. The tour trekked through North America throughout the summer and ended with a final show in Honolulu, Hawaii which was broadcast by HBO. Although international dates in Europe were planned, those concerts were cancelled following the September 11 attacks. According to Pollstar, the tour was the 8th highest grossing Year-End Tour of 2001, grossing $42 million from 57 shows and grossed over $48 million from 68 shows in North America between 2001 and 2002. The tour is notable for its choreography, theatrics, and upbeat nature. Its most infamous moment is thought to be the highly controversial rendition of "Would You Mind", where Jackson selected a member of the audience and strapped them into a gurney while caressing and fondling them. The show became one of the top-grossing tours of 2001 and saw Jackson performing many of her biggest hits. The show received positive feedback from fans and critics. Postponements and cancellations. The premiere show in Vancouver at GM Place was postponed because an integral piece of the stage set did not arrive in time for rehearsals and the planned premiere performance. According to a statement released by Orca Bay and SFX Concerts, the shipping problem was blamed on the Canada Day and Independence Day holidays.

Question: If Janet Jackson's "All for You Tour" hadn't encountered technical issues at the Canada–United States border, which city would have hosted the first show?
Answer: Vancouver
Italian Somaliland
On 5 April 1908, the Italian Parliament enacted a basic law to unite all of the parts of southern Somalia into an area called "Somalia Italiana". The colonial power was then divided between the Parliament, the metropolitan government, and the colonial government. The power of the colonial government was the only power that was changed. The civil governor controlled export rights, regulated the rate of exchange, raised or lowered native taxes, and administered all civil services and matters relating to hunting, fishing, and conservation. The governor was in control of the police force, while nominating local residents and military arrangements. From 5 April 1908 to 5 May 1936, the Royal Corps of Somali Colonial Troops ("Regio corpo truppe coloniali della Somalia Italiana"), originally called the "Guard Corps of Benadir", served as the territory's formal military corps. At the start of its establishment, the force had 2,600 Italian officers. Between 1911 and 1912, over 1,000 Somalis from Mogadishu served as combat units along with Eritrean and Italian soldiers in the Italo-Turkish War. Most of the troops stationed never returned home until they were transferred back to Italian Somaliland in preparation for the invasion of Ethiopia in 1935. Effective Italian control remained largely limited to the coastal areas until the early 1920s. After the collapse of the Dervish movement, wherein Diiriye Guure was sultan and wherein Mohammed Abdullah Hassan' was emir, rebellion and revolt occurred, with disputes arising between different clans in the colony. The government of the time served as a mediator while maintaining close control over the military. Colonial development and fascist era.

Question: If the "Regio corpo truppe coloniali della Somalia Italiana" had retained its original name, what would it have been referred to as in English in 1910?
Answer: Guard Corps of Benadir
Max B
American rapper, singer, and songwriter
Charley Wingate (born May 21, 1978), better known by his stage name Max B (short for Max Biggaveli), is an American rapper and singer. He is best known for his solo "Public Domain" and "Million Dollar Baby" series of mixtapes, and introducing the term "wavy" as a slang in popular lexicon. He made his mixtape debut in 2006, and signed a recording deal with fellow Harlem-based rapper Jim Jones' label/group ByrdGang. Following a streak of financial and ethical grievances, Max B parted ways with Jones in 2008. The two became embroiled in a bitter feud which pitted Jones and his associates on one side, and Max B and his affiliates on the other. Max B is closely associated with producer Dame Grease, and fellow rapper French Montana where the two collaborated on the "Coke Wave" mixtape series. In mid 2009, he was sentenced to 75 years in prison on conspiracy charges pertaining to armed robbery, kidnapping, aggravated assault and felony murder. While in prison, he secured a deal with Amalgam Digital to publish his debut album "Vigilante Season" which was released in 2011. On September 16, 2016, it was announced that Max B took a 20-year plea bargain for aggravated manslaughter. Early life. Max B was born Charly Wingate on May 21, 1978 and raised in the Abraham Lincoln housing projects in Harlem, New York City.

Question: If a New York City judge hadn't ruled in favor of Max B, which record label would have been prevented from releasing the album "Vigilante Season"?
Answer: Amalgam Digital, Amalgam
Comino
For several decades it was deemed to be property of the local civil authorities, and might have been used as an isolation hospital, or even as a wintering pen for farm animals. The tower again saw active service during both World War I and World War II. Since 1982 the tower has been the property of the Armed Forces of Malta. It now serves as a lookout and staging post to guard against contraband and the illegal hunting of migratory birds at sea. The tower underwent extensive restoration between 2002 and 2004. Today, it remains the most notable structure on Comino. Comino chapel. A chapel dedicated to the Assumption of St Mary existed in the proximity of the Bay of St Mary since at least 1296. Indeed, it was this chapel which gave the bay its name and not opposite. A Roman Catholic chapel dedicated to the Holy Family Upon its Return from Egypt is located above Santa Marija Bay. Built in 1618, and enlarged in 1667 and again in 1716, the chapel was originally dedicated to the Annunciation. It has been deconsecrated and reconsecrated at least once in its history, when Comino was devoid of residents. The earliest record of a chapel on this site dates back to the 12th century, and can be seen in a navigational map of the period, located in the National Maritime Museum and Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London.

Question: If the Roman Catholic chapel dedicated to the Holy Family Upon its Return from Egypt in Comino on the Maltese Isles had not been enlarged or modified after its initial construction, when would have been the last time it was structurally worked on?
Answer: 1618
London Victoria station
However, the transfer of the Crystal Palace from Hyde Park to Sydenham Hill between 1851 and 1854 created a major tourist attraction in the then rural area south of London, and the LB&amp;SCR opened a branch line from the Brighton Main Line at Sydenham to the site in 1854. While this was under construction the West End of London and Crystal Palace Railway also planned a line from Crystal Palace, to a new station at Battersea Wharf, at the southern end of the new Chelsea Bridge. Despite its location, the new station was called Pimlico. It opened on 27 March 1858, but was very much regarded as a temporary terminus, composed of a small number of wooden huts, and positioned immediately next to a proposed bridge over the Thames. Shortly afterwards the LB&amp;SCR leased most of the lines of the new railway, and built a further connection from Crystal Palace to the Brighton Main Line at Norwood Junction, thereby providing itself with a route into west London, although it was recognised that a terminus would be needed on the north side of the river. During the summer of 1857 a scheme for an independent "Grosvenor Basin Terminus" in the West End of London, "for the use of the Southern Railways of England" was mooted. The station was originally referred to as the "Grosvenor Terminus" but later renamed Victoria as it was sited at the end of Victoria Street. Three other railway companies were also seeking a terminus in Westminster: the Great Western (GWR), the London &amp; North Western (LNWR), and the East Kent Railway (EKR).

Question: If the London Victoria station had kept its original name in the 19th century, what would we be calling it today?
Answer: Grosvenor Terminus
Quest Crew
American hip-hop dance crew
Quest Crew is an American hip-hop dance crew from Los Angeles, California who were declared winners of the third season of "America's Best Dance Crew". They made their first few appearances individually on shows like "So You Think You Can Dance" and at events such as Kollaboration 8 and World of Dance. They helped with the choreography for well-known duo LMFAO and have previously toured with them as well. On August 29, 2015, Quest Crew was declared all-star champions of Season 8 of "America's Best Dance Crew" (ABDC) receiving $100,000 and the ABDC trophy again. This is the crew's second time being declared champion of MTV's hit show. History. The name "Quest Crew" reflects the support that the Quest Learning Center, located in Artesia, California, has had on growth within the team and individually. Quest Crew won the title of America's Best Dance Crew on the third season of the show and consists of eleven members. Team members originally performed with the "SickStep" dance troupe, but later disbanded to recreate and include dancers to form Quest. D-Trix and Victor Kim are also part of the b-boy crew Fallen Kings, formally known as Flexible Flave, which won Freestyle session. The entire crew appeared in the Far East Movement music video "Dance Like Michael Jackson" and LMFAO's "Party Rock Anthem", "Champagne Showers", "Sexy And I Know It" and "Sorry for Party Rocking".

Question: If the members of Quest Crew hadn't disbanded, which dance troupe would they have continued to perform with?
Answer: SickStep
Schitt's Creek
The wealthy Rose family — video store magnate Johnny (Eugene Levy), his wife and former soap opera actress Moira (Catherine O'Hara), and their pampered adult children David (Dan Levy) and Alexis (Annie Murphy) — lose their fortune after being defrauded by their business manager. They move towards rebuilding their lives with their sole remaining asset: a remote town named Schitt's Creek somewhere in Canada, which Johnny bought for David's birthday in 1991 as a joke. The Roses are forced to relocate to Schitt's Creek, moving into two adjacent rooms in a run-down motel. While the family adjusts to their new lives, their well-to-do attitudes conflict with the town's more provincial residents, including mayor Roland Schitt (Chris Elliott), his wife Jocelyn (Jenn Robertson), and their son Mutt (Tim Rozon), the motel's clerk Stevie Budd (Emily Hampshire), town council members Ronnie Lee (Karen Robinson) and Bob Currie (John Hemphill), veterinarian Ted Mullens (Dustin Milligan), and Jazzagal member and Café Tropical waitress Twyla Sands (Sarah Levy). Cast and characters. Main
Recurring
Development. Conception. Dan Levy came up with the idea for the show while watching reality television. "I had been watching some reality TV at the time and was concentrating on what would happen if one of these wealthy families would lose everything. Would the Kardashians still be the Kardashians without their money?"

Question: If Emily Hampshire had not been selected in the auditions for the American TV show Schitt's Creek, which character would she not have portrayed?
Answer: Stevie Budd
Mike Torrez
American baseball player (born 1946)
Michael Augustine Torrez (born August 28, 1946) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) starting pitcher. In an 18-season career, he pitched for the St. Louis Cardinals (1967–1971), Montreal Expos (1971–1974), Baltimore Orioles (1975), Oakland Athletics (1976–1977, 1984), New York Yankees (1977), Boston Red Sox (1978–1982), and New York Mets (1983–1984). As a member of the Yankees, he won two games of the 1977 World Series over the Los Angeles Dodgers. He batted and threw right-handed. A native of Topeka, Kansas, Torrez was signed by the Cardinals in 1964. He made his MLB debut with them in 1967 and became a full-time major leaguer in 1969, winning nine of his final 10 starts that year. He had a 10–4 record in 1969 but an 8–10 record in 1970 before getting traded to the Expos during the 1971 season. After pitching one game for Montreal that year, Torrez spent the next three seasons with the ballclub, winning 16 games in 1972 and 15 games in 1974. Traded to the Orioles for 1975, he won 20 games for the only time in his career, posting a .690 winning percentage. The Orioles sent him to Oakland for 1976 as part of the Reggie Jackson trade; Torrez won 16 games for Oakland in 1976 before getting traded to the Yankees in April 1977.

Question: If Mike Torrez had joined the New York Yankees as initially planned, in which month would his first game have taken place?
Answer: April