エドガー・イップ・ハーバーグ

エドガー・イプセル・"イップ"・ハーバーグはアメリカのポピュラーソングの作詞家であり、多くの有名な作曲家と働いた。

本名イシドア・ホックバーグ。

歌詞を書いたのは"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?"や"April in Paris"や"It's Only a Paper Moon"や『オズの魔法使』の「虹の彼方に」など。

1. 生い立ち
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ハーバーグは1896年4月8日にニューヨークのマンハッタンで生まれた。彼の父であるルイス・ハーバーグと母であるメアリー・ライシングはイディッシュ語を話す正統派ユダヤ教徒であり、ロシアからの移民であった。高校時代にアイラ・ガーシュウィンと知り合った。

1921年にニューヨーク市立大学を卒業し、その後、電気装置会社の共同経営者になるが、1929年の世界大恐慌のために倒産してしまう。これを契機に作曲家としての人生をスタートさせる。

2. 代表歌
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"Over the Rainbow" 
"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" with composer Jay Gorney 
Last Night When We Were Young ：ハロルド・アーレン作曲 
"Cabin in the Sky"：ハロルド・アーレン作曲
"The Eagle and Me" ：ハロルド・アーレン作曲
"April in Paris"
"It's Only a Paper Moon"
"Lydia the Tattooed Lady"
"How Are Things in Glocca Morra?"
"Old Devil Moon"
"Then I'll Be Tired of You"
"When the Idle Poor Become the Idle Rich"
"Down with Love"
"Free and Equal Blues" performed by Josh White

3. レヴュー
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//Earl Carroll's Sketchbook of 1929//  - co-composer and co-lyricist with Jay Gorney
//Garrick Gaieties//  - contributing lyricist
//Earl Carroll's Vanities of 1930//  - contributing songwriter
//The Vanderbilt Revue//  - contributing lyricist
//Ziegfeld Follies of 1931//  - featured lyricist for "Mailu"
//Shoot the Works//  - contributing composer and lyricist
//Ballyhoo of 1932//  - lyricist
//Americana//  - lyricist. The Revue include "Brother Can You Spare a Dime?"
//Walk A Little Faster//  - lyricist
//Ziegfeld Follies of 1934//  - primary lyricist 
//Life Begins at 8:40//  - co-lyricist with Ira Gershwin
//The Show is On//  - featured lyricist
//Blue Holiday//  - all-Black cast - contributing composer and lyricist
//At Home With Ethel Waters//  - featured lyricist for "Happiness is Jes' a Thing Called Joe"

4. 遺作
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//A Day in Hollywood / A Night in the Ukraine//  - featured lyricist for "Over the Rainbow"
//Jerome Kern Goes to Hollywood//  - featured lyricist to music by Jerome Kern
//Mostly Sondheim//  - featured lyricist

5. ミュージカル
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//Hooray for What!//  - lyricist and originator
//Hold On to Your Hats//  - lyricist
//Bloomer Girl//  - lyricist, originator and director for musical numbers
//Finian's Rainbow//  - lyricist, originator and co-bookwriter
Revived in 1955, 1960, 2009
//Flahooley//  - lyricist, originator and co-bookwriter
//Jamaica//  - lyricist, originator and co-bookwriter - Tony Nomination for Best Musical
//The Happiest Girl in the World//  - originator and lyricist to music by Jacques Offenbach and originator of the story, based on //Lysistrata// by Aristophanes
//Darling of the Day//  - lyricist

6. 映画
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//Moonlight and Pretzels// - 1933
//The Singing Kid// - 1936
踊る三十七年 //Golddiggers of 1937// - 1936
//The Wizard of Oz// - 1939
//At the Circus// - 1939
ブロードウェイ//Babes on Broadway// - 1941
//Ship Ahoy// - 1942
//Cabin in the Sky// - 1943 Harburg's song "Aint It The Truth" expressing religious skepticism was removed
//Can't Help Singing// - 1944
//Gay Purr-ee// - 1962
//Finian's Rainbow// - 1968

7. 本
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//Rhymes for the Irreverent// 
//At This Point in Rhyme// 
//Over the Rainbow// 

8. 参照
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9. 参考
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Meyerson, Harold and Ernie Harburg. //Who Put the Rainbow in the Wizard of Oz: Yip Harburg, Lyricist//, University of Michigan Press, . ISBN 0-472-10482-9
Alonso, Harriet. "Yip Harburg: Legendary Lyricist and Human Rights Activist," Wesleyan University Press . ISBN 978-08195-7128-1

10. 外部リンク
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[1]
[2]
[3], a //Democracy Now!// special, including audio/video clips of Yip Harburg, and an extended interview with his son and biographer, Ernie Harburg 
[4] and [5] held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
[6] , held in the [7] of the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
[8] February 2, 2006 article on The Freedom From Religion Foundation's website
[9] Freedom From Religion Foundation's Podcast
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[10] by Amy Goodman
[11]