ビックス・バイダーベック

レオン・ビスマルク "ビックス" バイダーベック はアメリカの実在したジャズ・コルネット奏者、ピアニスト、作曲家。

1. 概要
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ルイ・アームストロングと並んで、1920年代の最も影響力のあるソロイストであった。特に1927年の『Singin' the Blues』『I'm Coming, Virginia』は音色の純粋さ・即興演奏の才能を証明している。この2曲はジャズのバラード・スタイルを発明し、1950年代のクール・ジャズのヒントになった。

1927年のピアノ曲『In a Mist』はクラシックの印象派とジャズのシンコペーションを融合した。

直接的にビング・クロスビーに、間接的に フランキー・トランバウアーとレスター・ヤングに影響を与えた。

アイオワ州ダヴェンポート生まれ。独学でコルネットを習得、独自の指使いをした。

最初の録音はMidwestern jazz ensembles、The Wolverines 、The Bucktown Fiveなどと。

1924年、デトロイトのJean Goldkette Orchestraで演奏し、1926年、Frank TrumbauerとGoldketteに加入。ニューヨークのローズランド・ボールルームで、フレッチャー・ヘンダーソン楽団の向かいで演奏した。1927年、有名な録音をし、デトロイトを去ってニューヨークのPaul Whiteman Orchestraに加入。

2. 主な録音
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1. Wolverine楽団:1924年リッチモンド録音Gennett社

"Fidgety Feet" / "Jazz Me Blues"
"Copenhagen",
"Riverboat Shuffle" / "Susie "2. ビックス・バイダーベックとリズム・ジャグラーズ:1925年リッチモンド録音Gennett社

"Toddlin' Blues" / "Davenport Blues"3. Jean Goldkette楽団: ニューヨーク録音ヴィクター

"My Pretty Girl" / "Cover Me Up with Sunshine"
"Sunny Disposish" / "Fox Trot" from "Americana"
"Clementine" [1].4. Frankie Trumbauer楽団とギターのEddie Lang: ニューヨーク録音1927/Okeh

"Clarinet Marmalade" / "Singin' the Blues"
"I'm Coming, Virginia" / "Way Down Yonder in New Orleans"
"For No Reason at All in C" / "Trumbology"
"In a Mist" / "Wringin' an' Twistin'"
"Borneo" / "My Pet"5. ビックス・バイダーベックとギャング: 1927, ニューヨーク録音Okeh 40923

"At the Jazz Band Ball" / "Jazz Me Blues",,
"Royal Garden Blues" / "Goose Pimples",
"Sorry" / "Since My Best Gal Turned Me Down"
"Wa-Da-Da ",
"Rhythm King", 1928ニューヨーク録音 Okeh 411736. Paul Whiteman楽団: ニューヨーク録音

"Lonely Melody" [Take 3] / "Mississippi Mud" [Take 2], with Bing Crosby, the Rhythm Boys, and Izzy Friedman, 1928,Victor 25366
"Ramona",1928 ,Victor 21214-A. No.   1 for 3 weeks
"Ol' Man River" , 1928,Victor 21218-A and Victor 25249 with Bing Crosby on vocals. No.   1 for 1 week
"San" [Take 6], , 1928,Victor 24078-A
"Together", , 1928,Victor 35883-A. No.   1 for 2 weeks
"Mississippi Mud" [Take 3] / "From Monday On" [Take 6], with vocals by Bing Crosby,1928, Victor 21274
"My Angel", 1928 Victor 21388-A. No.   1 for 6 weeks
"My Melancholy Baby", 1928, Columbia 50068-D
"Sweet Sue", , 1928, Columbia 50103-D7. Bix Beiderbecke楽団: ニューヨーク録音 1930, Victor 23008

"I Don't Mind Walking in the Rain" / "I'll Be a Friend with Pleasure"8. ホーギー・カーマイケル楽団: ニューヨーク録音 1930,Victor

"Barnacle Bill, the Sailor" / "Rockin' Chair", with vocals by Carson Robison,
"Georgia on My Mind", with Hoagy Carmichael on vocals

3. グラミーの殿堂
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死後、グラミーの殿堂入り。



4. 受賞
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1962, inducted into //Down Beat'//s Jazz Hall of Fame, critics' poll
1971, Bix Beiderbecke Memorial Society established in Davenport, Iowa; founded annual jazz festival and scholarship
1977, Beiderbecke's 1927 recording of "Singin' the Blues" inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame
1979, statue presented at LeClaire Park, in Davenport, Iowa
1979, inducted into the Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame
1980, Beiderbecke's 1927 recording of "In a Mist" inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame
1989, Asteroid 23457 Beiderbecke named after him.
1993, inducted into the International Academy of Jazz Hall of Fame
2000, statue dedicated in Davenport
2000, ASCAP Jazz Wall of Fame
2004, inducted into the inaugural class of the Lincoln Center's Nesuhi Ertegun Jazz Hall of Fame
2006, the 1927 recording of "Singin' the Blues" with Frankie Trumbauer and Eddie Lang was placed on the U.S. Library of Congress National Recording Registry.
2007, inducted into the Gennett Records Walk of Fame in Richmond, Indiana
2014, the 1930 recording of "Georgia on My Mind" by Hoagy Carmichael and His Orchestra featuring Bix Beiderbecke on cornet on Victor was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

5. 資料
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//The Beiderbecke Trilogy//, a three-part 1980s British  television series  with a jazz soundtrack in the Beiderbecke style performed by Frank Ricotti and cornetist Kenny Baker, as the hero is a Beiderbecke fan.

6. 参照
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7. 参考
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Alexander, Scott with Dennis Pereyra. [2]. [3]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Alexander, Scott with Dennis Pereyra. [4]. [5]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Armstrong, Louis. //Satchmo: My Life in New Orleans//. New York: Da Capo, 1954, 1986. ISBN 0-306-80276-7.
Baker, Dorothy. //Young Man with a Horn//. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1938.
Berton, Ralph. //Remembering Bix: A Memoir of the Jazz Age//. New York: Da Capo, 1974, 2000. ISBN 0-306-80937-0.
[6]. [7]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
[8]. [9]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
[10]. Albert Haim, owner and moderator. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Blumenthal, Bob. "The Birth of Modern Jazz." In //Jazz: The First Century//. John Edward Hasse, ed. New York: William Morrow, 2000. Pp.   87–111. ISBN 0-688-17074-9.
Brooks, Michael. "The Flourishing of Jazz." In //Jazz: The First Century//. John Edward Hasse, ed. New York: William Morrow, 2000. Pp.   25–51. ISBN 0-688-17074-9.
Brothers, Thomas. //Louis Armstrong's New Orleans//. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2006. ISBN 0-393-33001-X.
Carmichael, Hoagy. //The Stardust Road & Sometimes I Wonder: The Autobiography of Hoagy Carmichael//. New York: Da Capo, 1946, 1965, 1999. ISBN 0-306-80899-4.
Condon, Eddie, with Thomas Sugrue. //We Called It Music: A Generation of Jazz//. New York: Da Capo, 1947, 1992. ISBN 0-306-80466-2.
Dodds, Baby. //The Baby Dodds Story, as Told to Larry Gara//. Alma, Miss.: Rebeats Publications, 1959, 2003. ISBN 1-888408-08-1.
DownBeat Critics . [11]. [12]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Evans, Philip R. and Linda K. Evans. //Bix: The Leon Bix Beiderbecke Story//. Bakersfield, Calif.: Prelike Press, 1998. ISBN 0-9665448-0-3.
Fairweather, Digby. "Bix Beiderbecke." In //The Oxford Companion to Jazz//. Bill Kirchner, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. pp.   122–131. ISBN 0-19-512510-X.
Feather, Leonard, and Ira Gitler, eds. //The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz//. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-19-507418-5.
Ferguson, Otis. "Young Man with a Horn"  and "Young Man with a Horn Again"  in //The Otis Ferguson Reader// . New York: Da Capo, 1982, 1997. ISBN 0-306-80744-0.
Gioia, Ted. //The Birth  of the Cool//. Golden, Colo.: Speck Press, 2009. ISBN 1-933108-31-2.
Gioia, Ted. //The History of Jazz//. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-19-512653-X.
[13]. [14]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Gray, Frank . [15]. [16]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Green, Benny. //The Reluctant Art: Five Studies in the Growth of Jazz//. New York: Da Capo, 1962, 1991. ISBN 0-306-80441-7.
Hadlock, Richard. //Jazz Masters of the Twenties//. New York: Collier Books, 1965, 1974.
Haim, Albert . [17]. [18]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
[19]. [20]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
[21]. [22]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Jacobsen, Bob. [23]. [24]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
James, Burnett. //Bix Beiderbecke//. London: Cassell, 1959.
[25]. [26]. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Johnson, Rich and Jim Arpy and Gerri Bowers. //Bix: The Davenport Album//. Barnegat, N.J.: Razor Edge, 2009. ISBN 0-9774018-5-5.
Kennedy, Richard Lee. //Jelly Roll, Bix, and Hoagy: Gennett Studios and the Birth of Recorded Jazz//. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-253-21315-0.
Kenney, William Howland. //Jazz on the River//. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005. ISBN 0-226-43733-7.
Lion, Jean Pierre. //Bix: The Definitive Biography of a Jazz Legend//. New York: Continuum, 2005. ISBN 0-8264-2754-5.
Mezzrow, Mezz and Bernard Wolfe. //Really the Blues//. New York: Citadel, 1946, 1998. ISBN 0-8065-1205-9.
Perhonis, John Paul. //The Bix Beiderbecke Story: The Jazz Musician in Legend, Fiction, and Fact; A Study of the Images of Jazz in the National Culture 1930–the Present//. Unpublished dissertation, University of Minnesota, March 1978.
Rayno, Don. //Paul Whiteman: Pioneer in American Music, 1890–1930; Vol. I//. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0-8108-4579-2.
Shapiro, Nat and Nat Hentoff, eds. //Hear Me Talkin' to Ya: The Story of Jazz as Told by the Men Who Made It//. New York: Dover, 1966. ISBN 0-486-21726-4.
Spencer, Frederick J., M.D. //Jazz and Death: Medical Profiles of Jazz Greats//. Oxford, Miss.: University Press of Mississippi, 2002. ISBN 1-57806-453-8.
Sudhalter, Richard M. //Lost Chords: White Musicians and Their Contribution to Jazz, 1915–1945//. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-19-514838-X.
Sudhalter, Richard M. //Stardust Melody: The Life and Music of Hoagy Carmichael//. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-19-516898-4.
Sudhalter, Richard M. and Philip R. Evans with William Dean-Myatt. //Bix: Man and Legend//. New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1974. ISBN 0-02-872500-X.
[27]. [28]. Lewis Porter, Tim Wilkins, and Ted Gioia, eds. Retrieved September 19, 2010.
Teachout, Terry. "Homage to Bix", //Commentary//, September 2005, pp.   65–68.
Teachout, Terry. //Pops: A Life of Louis Armstrong//. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009. ISBN 0-15-101089-7.
Turner, Frederick. //1929//. New York: Counterpoint, 2003. ISBN 1-58243-265-1.
Wald, Elijah. //How the Beatles Destroyed Rock 'n' Roll: An Alternative History of American Popular Music//. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 0-19-534154-6.
Ward, Geoffrey C. //Jazz: A History of America's Music//. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000. ISBN 0-679-44551-X.
Williams, Martin. //The Jazz Tradition//. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970, 1993. ISBN 0-19-507816-0.

8. 外部リンク
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[29]
[30] – A series of nineteen one-half-hour radio programs from 1971. Includes interviews with Frank Trumbauer, Louis Armstrong, Gene Krupa, Eddie Condon, Bing Crosby, Hoagy Carmichael, and Bix's brother Charles "Burnie" Beiderbecke

[31] – An mp3 of Beiderbecke's first recording under his own name.
[32] by Brendan Wolfe, [33].
[34] by Brendan Wolfe, [35].
[36], a blog by Brendan Wolfe concerned with Beiderbecke and his legend
[37]
[38]