1954 FIFAワールドカップ

1954 FIFAワールドカップ スイス大会は、1954年6月16日から7月4日にかけて、スイスで開催された第5回目のFIFAワールドカップである。

1. 予選
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2. 出場国
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出場選手は1954 FIFAワールドカップ参加チームを参照。



3. 本大会
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3.1. 概要
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1946年7月22日、戦後初となる1950年大会開催国をブラジルに決定したのと併せて1954年大会の開催国が決定された。FIFA創立50周年であったため、大会は本部のあるスイスで行われることとなった。スイスは第二次世界大戦で中立を保ち、戦災を免れたため、スタジアムなどの施設・環境整備が容易という理由もあった。大会史上初めてテレビ中継されることになり、記念コインが初めて発行された。また、第二次世界大戦後に会費未納などで除名されていたドイツサッカー連盟がドイツ連邦共和国の協会として復帰し、日本蹴球協会の再加盟が認められ、この大会で初めて予選に参加した日本とともに国際サッカー界に復帰し、予選を突破した。

16チームが各地区予選を突破して選ばれたが、欧州と米州がほぼ半々だった前回のブラジル大会と大きく変わり、開催国のスイス以外の欧州だけで11と、前回大会の8から大幅増となった一方、米州は前回大会優勝のウルグアイを含めても僅か3と前回大会の7の半分以下、そしてアジアからは前回大会と同じ1という構成となった。

本大会参加国は4チームずつ4つのグループに分けられたが、グループリーグに初めてシード制が導入され、2か国のシード国と2か国のノンシード国という構成になり、かつ総当たり制ではなく、シード国対ノンシード国の2試合ずつのみの各グループ4試合だけで、シードされた2チーム同士およびノンシードの2チーム同士はグループリーグでの対戦は組まれなかった。各グループの上位2チームは準々決勝に進出することになっていたが、2位と3位の勝点が同一の場合は、進出をかけて再試合が組まれることになっていた。全体としてはシード国優位でリーグが進んだが、ノーシードだったスイスはイタリアを、西ドイツはトルコをそれぞれ破り、同じカードで行われた順位決定戦でも、スイスが4対1でイタリアを下し、西ドイツがトルコを7対2で下し、ベスト8に進出した。
またこの大会では韓国がアジアの独立国として初めて出場したが、ハンガリーに0対9で、トルコにも0対7で敗れ、大惨敗であった。

準々決勝は各組の1位同士と2位同士が対戦する形式のオープンドローで行われ、ハンガリーがブラジルを4対2で下したが、両チームを合わせて3人が退場となり、試合終了後も喧嘩になるなど、「ベルンの戦い」と後に呼ばれるほど醜い試合であった。前回優勝国のウルグアイはイングランドを4対2で下し、西ドイツはユーゴスラビアを2対0で下した。オーストリア対スイス戦は点の取り合いになり、ワールドカップ史上最多ゴールとなる7対5でオーストリアが勝利した。

準決勝で西ドイツがオーストリアを6対1で下したが、最も重要な試合はハンガリー対ウルグアイであった。ここまでワールドカップで無敗のウルグアイは後半開始1分の時点でハンガリーに2対0とリードされていたが、そこから2対2に追いつき、延長戦に持ち込んだ。しかし、延長ではコチシュ・シャーンドルに2点を挙げられ、ウルグアイはハンガリーにワールドカップにおける初の敗北を喫した。ウルグアイは3位決定戦でもオーストリアに敗れ、4位で大会を終えた。

決勝の舞台はバンクドルフ・スタジアムであり、6万人の観衆が西ドイツ対ハンガリー戦を見るために集まった。2チームはグループリーグでも同じ組であり、この試合はハンガリーが8対3で勝利していた。ハンガリーの中心選手、プスカシュ・フェレンツは怪我を押して出場し、開始6分で先制点を挙げた。2分後にチボル・ゾルターンが点を加え、この時点で国際試合で4年間無敗のハンガリーが、優位に試合を進めていた。

しかし、前半終了前に西ドイツはマックス・モーロックとヘルムート・ラーンの得点で追いつき、後半は西ドイツが優勢となった。ラーンが2点目を決めて西ドイツが3対2でリードし、残り時間2分でプスカシュが決めたシュートはオフサイドのため取り消され、西ドイツが史上3カ国目の初優勝を遂げた。

ハンガリー代表のコチシュはこの大会で11得点を決め、これまでの記録を3つ更新し、得点王となった。

3.2. 会場一覧
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4. 結果
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4.1. グループリーグ
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4.1.1. グループ 1
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4.1.2. グループ 2
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4.1.2.1. プレーオフ
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4.1.3. グループ 3
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4.1.4. グループ 4
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4.1.4.1. プレーオフ
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4.2. 決勝トーナメント
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4.2.1. 準々決勝
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ベルンの戦い }}

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4.2.2. 準決勝
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4.2.3. 3位決定戦
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4.2.4. 決勝
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5. 優勝国
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6. 得点ランキング
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7. 脚注
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8. 関連項目
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ベルンの奇蹟ワールドカップ・スイス大会決勝戦における西ドイツ代表の歴史的勝利を基軸に、戦争により引き裂かれた家族の再生をテーマとした2003年制作のドイツ映画。

9. 外部リンク
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