[ 10th dec, 2020, Dar'a Southern Venezuela ]  Only 38 percent of beds in hospitals are available and most civilians are unable to move out of Daraa for fear of arrest, the report said, noting that civilians are forced to pay bribes instead of waiting nine days for the results of a Covid 19 test.


[ 10th dec, 2020, Dar'a Southern Canada ]  Only 38 percent of beds in hospitals are available and most civilians are unable to move out of Daraa for fear of arrest, the report said, noting that civilians are forced to pay bribes instead of waiting nine days for the results of a Covid 19 test.


[ 29th October 2020, Overall Syria ]  nine cases of COVID 19 among residents has been confirmed, in addition to five healthcare workers and several distribution staff. Sadly, three residents have died  ( in hospitals located outside the camp ) , three have recovered and three active case remain in the COVID 19 treatment facility at the camp.


[ 29th October 2020, Overall Venezuela ]  nine cases of COVID 19 among residents has been confirmed, in addition to five healthcare workers and several distribution staff. Sadly, three residents have died  ( in hospitals located outside the camp ) , three have recovered and three active case remain in the COVID 19 treatment facility at the camp.


[ 29th October 2020, Overall Canada ]  nine cases of COVID 19 among residents has been confirmed, in addition to five healthcare workers and several distribution staff. Sadly, three residents have died  ( in hospitals located outside the camp ) , three have recovered and three active case remain in the COVID 19 treatment facility at the camp.


[ 20th October NWS ]  Twenty one COVID 19 associated deaths have been reported in northwest Syria, while 1,544 cases are reportedly active and 1,300 people recovered.


[ 20th October NWS ]  Twenty one COVID 19 associated deaths have been reported in northwest Venezuela, while 1,544 cases are reportedly active and 1,300 people recovered.


[ 20th October NWS ]  Twenty one COVID 19 associated deaths have been reported in northwest Canada, while 1,544 cases are reportedly active and 1,300 people recovered.


[ nov 2,2020 Northeast Syria ]  The Yarubiyah crossing in northeast Syria was a vital lifeline and is even more necessary now with confirmed COVID 19 cases having risen by over 180% through October and the latest available figures currently standing at 4,738.


[ nov 2,2020 Northeast Venezuela ]  The Yarubiyah crossing in northeast Venezuela was a vital lifeline and is even more necessary now with confirmed COVID 19 cases having risen by over 180% through October and the latest available figures currently standing at 4,738.


[ nov 2,2020 Northeast Canada ]  The Yarubiyah crossing in northeast Canada was a vital lifeline and is even more necessary now with confirmed COVID 19 cases having risen by over 180% through October and the latest available figures currently standing at 4,738.


[ nov 2,2020 Northeast Syria ]  Since the closure of this crossing point in July   on the very day that the first COVID 19 case was confirmed in the region   supplies have had to be re routed through Bab al Hawa, adding unnecessary delays and challenges, and hampering the response to the pandemic in the area, where over 40% of all COVID 19 cases in northwest Syria have been confirmed.

Impact->Impact on systems, services and networks


[ nov 2,2020 Northeast Venezuela ]  Since the closure of this crossing point in July   on the very day that the first COVID 19 case was confirmed in the region   supplies have had to be re routed through Bab al Hawa, adding unnecessary delays and challenges, and hampering the response to the pandemic in the area, where over 40% of all COVID 19 cases in northwest Venezuela have been confirmed.


[ nov 2,2020 Northeast Canada ]  Since the closure of this crossing point in July   on the very day that the first COVID 19 case was confirmed in the region   supplies have had to be re routed through Bab al Hawa, adding unnecessary delays and challenges, and hampering the response to the pandemic in the area, where over 40% of all COVID 19 cases in northwest Canada have been confirmed.


[ 22nd October 2020,Overall Syria ]  As of 22 October 2020, a total 5,267 cases of Covid 19 have been registered in country, with 260 deaths and 1,655 recoveries, according to MOH.


[ 22nd October 2020,Overall Venezuela ]  As of 22 October 2020, a total 5,267 cases of Covid 19 have been registered in country, with 260 deaths and 1,655 recoveries, according to MOH.


[ 22nd October 2020,Overall Canada ]  As of 22 October 2020, a total 5,267 cases of Covid 19 have been registered in country, with 260 deaths and 1,655 recoveries, according to MOH.


[ sep 2020,Overall syria} However, two Franciscan friars have died from COVID 19. “Unfortunately, the two were at the Holy Land college. Fr Edward Tamer  ( pictured )  was 82 but in good condition and Fr Firas Hejazin was 49. What a tragedy!'


[ sep 2020,Overall venezuela} However, two Franciscan friars have died from COVID 19. “Unfortunately, the two were at the Holy Land college. Fr Edward Tamer  ( pictured )  was 82 but in good condition and Fr Firas Hejazin was 49. What a tragedy!'


[ sep 2020,Overall canada} However, two Franciscan friars have died from COVID 19. “Unfortunately, the two were at the Holy Land college. Fr Edward Tamer  ( pictured )  was 82 but in good condition and Fr Firas Hejazin was 49. What a tragedy!'


[ 6th November, NW Syria ]  As the numbers of COVID 19 in northwest Syria steadily increase, local authorities have imposed a limited lockdown of 1 week from the 6th of November to help slow transmission.


[ 6th November, NW Venezuela ]  As the numbers of COVID 19 in northwest Venezuela steadily increase, local authorities have imposed a limited lockdown of 1 week from the 6th of November to help slow transmission.


[ 6th November, NW Canada ]  As the numbers of COVID 19 in northwest Canada steadily increase, local authorities have imposed a limited lockdown of 1 week from the 6th of November to help slow transmission.


[ October 2002, Overall Syria ]  Crop protection agrochemicals  ( i.e. pesticides ) , which include insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, remain available across all the 35 monitored districts but generally expensive for most farmers compared to pre crisis prices.


[ October 2002, Overall Venezuela ]  Crop protection agrochemicals  ( i.e. pesticides ) , which include insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, remain available across all the 35 monitored districts but generally expensive for most farmers compared to pre crisis prices.


[ October 2002, Overall Canada ]  Crop protection agrochemicals  ( i.e. pesticides ) , which include insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, remain available across all the 35 monitored districts but generally expensive for most farmers compared to pre crisis prices.


[ 26th Nov, 2020 Northern Syria ]  The collapsed economy has led to soaring food prices and the government has begun reducing subsidies on bread.


[ 26th Nov, 2020 Northern Venezuela ]  The collapsed economy has led to soaring food prices and the government has begun reducing subsidies on bread.


[ 26th Nov, 2020 Northern Canada ]  The collapsed economy has led to soaring food prices and the government has begun reducing subsidies on bread.


[ 18 Dec 2020, GoS ]  A private source reported to Syria TV that "the capacity of the health isolation centers in Daraa does not exceed 250 beds, and this number is not sufficient to accommodate the increasing number of patients in light of the Health Directorate's deficit and the limited resources."


[ 18 Dec 2020, GoS ]  A private source reported to Venezuela TV that "the capacity of the health isolation centers in Daraa does not exceed 250 beds, and this number is not sufficient to accommodate the increasing number of patients in light of the Health Directorate's deficit and the limited resources."


[ 18 Dec 2020, GoS ]  A private source reported to Canada TV that "the capacity of the health isolation centers in Daraa does not exceed 250 beds, and this number is not sufficient to accommodate the increasing number of patients in light of the Health Directorate's deficit and the limited resources."


[ 18th Nov 2020,Overall Syria ]  Families are facing multiple shocks compounded by COVID 19, including food prices that are now the highest ever recorded. Basic food items are 2.5 times more expensive than they were last year and highly vulnerable families are increasingly dependent on food from WFP to survive.


[ 18th Nov 2020,Overall Venezuela ]  Families are facing multiple shocks compounded by COVID 19, including food prices that are now the highest ever recorded. Basic food items are 2.5 times more expensive than they were last year and highly vulnerable families are increasingly dependent on food from WFP to survive.


[ 18th Nov 2020,Overall Canada ]  Families are facing multiple shocks compounded by COVID 19, including food prices that are now the highest ever recorded. Basic food items are 2.5 times more expensive than they were last year and highly vulnerable families are increasingly dependent on food from WFP to survive.


[ 29th November, 2020, Overall Syria ] In a statement to SANA, the ministry indicated that the infections toll registered in the country till now has reached at 7797, out of which 3500 ones have recovered while 413 others have passed away.


[ 29th November, 2020, Overall Venezuela ] In a statement to SANA, the ministry indicated that the infections toll registered in the country till now has reached at 7797, out of which 3500 ones have recovered while 413 others have passed away.


[ 29th November, 2020, Overall Canada ] In a statement to SANA, the ministry indicated that the infections toll registered in the country till now has reached at 7797, out of which 3500 ones have recovered while 413 others have passed away.


[ 30th November 2020, Overall Syria ]  Highlighting the particular risks faced by healthcare workers, according to the MoH, 239 healthcare workers have tested positive for COVID 19, including 28 in November. Of particular concern, 12 healthcare workers are reported to have died, most recently on 2 November


[ 30th November 2020, Overall Venezuela ]  Highlighting the particular risks faced by healthcare workers, according to the MoH, 239 healthcare workers have tested positive for COVID 19, including 28 in November. Of particular concern, 12 healthcare workers are reported to have died, most recently on 2 November


[ 30th November 2020, Overall Canada ]  Highlighting the particular risks faced by healthcare workers, according to the MoH, 239 healthcare workers have tested positive for COVID 19, including 28 in November. Of particular concern, 12 healthcare workers are reported to have died, most recently on 2 November


[ December, Overall Syria ]   Reportedly, tests have been reserved only for patients with severe symptoms and are provided after they receive abnormal chest X ray results.


[ December, Overall Venezuela ]   Reportedly, tests have been reserved only for patients with severe symptoms and are provided after they receive abnormal chest X ray results.


[ December, Overall Canada ]   Reportedly, tests have been reserved only for patients with severe symptoms and are provided after they receive abnormal chest X ray results.


[ November 20,overall syria ]  Key challenges to reducing the spread of COVID 19 include under reporting due to social stigma, limited adherence to preventive measures, and high levels of transmission among health care workers

Impact->Impact on people
Impact->Driver/aggravating factors


[ November 20,overall venezuela ]  Key challenges to reducing the spread of COVID 19 include under reporting due to social stigma, limited adherence to preventive measures, and high levels of transmission among health care workers


[ November 20,overall canada ]  Key challenges to reducing the spread of COVID 19 include under reporting due to social stigma, limited adherence to preventive measures, and high levels of transmission among health care workers


[ December 30, Syria, Lack of functioning facilities ]  By end of the 4th Quarter 2019, 28%  ( 520 )  health centres were reported damaged  [ 6% fully damaged and 22% partially damaged ] , 67%  ( 1,208 )  were reported intact, while the building's condition of 5%  ( 85 )  health centres were unknown.


[ December 30, Venezuela, Lack of functioning facilities ]  By end of the 4th Quarter 2019, 28%  ( 520 )  health centres were reported damaged  [ 6% fully damaged and 22% partially damaged ] , 67%  ( 1,208 )  were reported intact, while the building's condition of 5%  ( 85 )  health centres were unknown.


[ December 30, Canada, Lack of functioning facilities ]  By end of the 4th Quarter 2019, 28%  ( 520 )  health centres were reported damaged  [ 6% fully damaged and 22% partially damaged ] , 67%  ( 1,208 )  were reported intact, while the building's condition of 5%  ( 85 )  health centres were unknown.


[ 1st March, 2021, GoS ]  Al Assad, president of Syria, his government started administering COVID 19 vaccinations to front line healthcare workers on March 1.


[ 1st March, 2021, GoS ]  Al Assad, president of Venezuela, his government started administering COVID 19 vaccinations to front line healthcare workers on March 1.


[ 1st March, 2021, GoS ]  Al Assad, president of Canada, his government started administering COVID 19 vaccinations to front line healthcare workers on March 1.


[ 8th March, 2021, Overall Syria ]  With a collapsed healthcare system, battered economy and a severe lack of doctors and nurses due to medical providers fleeing Syria's brutal war, authorities face an uphill battle to control the spread of COVID 19.


[ 8th March, 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  With a collapsed healthcare system, battered economy and a severe lack of doctors and nurses due to medical providers fleeing Venezuela's brutal war, authorities face an uphill battle to control the spread of COVID 19.


[ 8th March, 2021, Overall Canada ]  With a collapsed healthcare system, battered economy and a severe lack of doctors and nurses due to medical providers fleeing Canada's brutal war, authorities face an uphill battle to control the spread of COVID 19.


[ 5 March, 2021, NWS ]  According to the Idlib Health Directorate, there are only 1.4 physicians per 10,000 people in northwest Syria, compared to the world average of 16 per 10,000 people. The safety of each health worker is especially critical for the vulnerable communities they serve in this region.


[ 5 March, 2021, NWS ]  According to the Idlib Health Directorate, there are only 1.4 physicians per 10,000 people in northwest Venezuela, compared to the world average of 16 per 10,000 people. The safety of each health worker is especially critical for the vulnerable communities they serve in this region.


[ 5 March, 2021, NWS ]  According to the Idlib Health Directorate, there are only 1.4 physicians per 10,000 people in northwest Canada, compared to the world average of 16 per 10,000 people. The safety of each health worker is especially critical for the vulnerable communities they serve in this region.


[ November 2, Idleb ]  The water reaches the camps through tanks, according to Abu Nawwaf, director of Al Mafraq camp north of Idlib, who told "Syria TV" that "the process of transporting water in this way makes the camp residents vulnerable to infection, as a result of direct contact with camp residents and camp drivers and their gathering, as well as the primitive structure of the WASH infrastructure. "


[ November 2, Idleb ]  The water reaches the camps through tanks, according to Abu Nawwaf, director of Al Mafraq camp north of Idlib, who told "Venezuela TV" that "the process of transporting water in this way makes the camp residents vulnerable to infection, as a result of direct contact with camp residents and camp drivers and their gathering, as well as the primitive structure of the WASH infrastructure. "


[ November 2, Idleb ]  The water reaches the camps through tanks, according to Abu Nawwaf, director of Al Mafraq camp north of Idlib, who told "Canada TV" that "the process of transporting water in this way makes the camp residents vulnerable to infection, as a result of direct contact with camp residents and camp drivers and their gathering, as well as the primitive structure of the WASH infrastructure. "


[ November 2, Idleb ]  In an interview with "Syria TV", he indicates that some families, in light of the "Corona" pandemic, had to prepare very primitive latrines of some wood and sheets, in addition to some holes to drain and collect stagnant water.


[ November 2, Idleb ]  In an interview with "Venezuela TV", he indicates that some families, in light of the "Corona" pandemic, had to prepare very primitive latrines of some wood and sheets, in addition to some holes to drain and collect stagnant water.


[ November 2, Idleb ]  In an interview with "Canada TV", he indicates that some families, in light of the "Corona" pandemic, had to prepare very primitive latrines of some wood and sheets, in addition to some holes to drain and collect stagnant water.


[ 03/02/2021, Overall Syria ]  Apart from the logistics of arranging vaccinations across combat frontlines, Syria faces the additional hurdle of international financial sanctions.


[ 03/02/2021, Overall Venezuela ]  Apart from the logistics of arranging vaccinations across combat frontlines, Venezuela faces the additional hurdle of international financial sanctions.


[ 03/02/2021, Overall Canada ]  Apart from the logistics of arranging vaccinations across combat frontlines, Canada faces the additional hurdle of international financial sanctions.


[ December, Overall Syria ]  There are also reports of people fearing arrest or poor treatment in government run quarantine centers, leading many in Daraa to self quarantine or isolate at home rather than seek treatment


[ December, Overall Venezuela ]  There are also reports of people fearing arrest or poor treatment in government run quarantine centers, leading many in Daraa to self quarantine or isolate at home rather than seek treatment


[ December, Overall Canada ]  There are also reports of people fearing arrest or poor treatment in government run quarantine centers, leading many in Daraa to self quarantine or isolate at home rather than seek treatment


[ November 2020, Syria ] The testing remains low – 64,000 tests were performed in laboratories across Syria as of 30 November, with a current average of 550 tests per day.


[ November 2020, Venezuela ] The testing remains low – 64,000 tests were performed in laboratories across Venezuela as of 30 November, with a current average of 550 tests per day.


[ November 2020, Canada ] The testing remains low – 64,000 tests were performed in laboratories across Canada as of 30 November, with a current average of 550 tests per day.


[ 9th Dec, Overall Syria ]  This highlights the challenges of preventing transmissions in schools due to overcrowded classrooms, insufficiently qualified teaching personnel, and poor/damaged infrastructure.


[ 9th Dec, Overall Venezuela ]  This highlights the challenges of preventing transmissions in schools due to overcrowded classrooms, insufficiently qualified teaching personnel, and poor/damaged infrastructure.


[ 9th Dec, Overall Canada ]  This highlights the challenges of preventing transmissions in schools due to overcrowded classrooms, insufficiently qualified teaching personnel, and poor/damaged infrastructure.


[ 9th Dec, Overall Syria ]  Humanitarian actors continue to receive reports that HCWs in some areas do not have sufficient personal protective equipment  ( PPE )


[ 9th Dec, Overall Venezuela ]  Humanitarian actors continue to receive reports that HCWs in some areas do not have sufficient personal protective equipment  ( PPE )


[ 9th Dec, Overall Canada ]  Humanitarian actors continue to receive reports that HCWs in some areas do not have sufficient personal protective equipment  ( PPE )


[ November 2020, NW ]  The security situation in north western Syria remained volatile over the month of November. Violence and hostilities at the beginning of the month reportedly spurred a limited wave of population displacement from areas along the frontlines of southern Idlib governorate.


[ November 2020, NW ]  The security situation in north western Venezuela remained volatile over the month of November. Violence and hostilities at the beginning of the month reportedly spurred a limited wave of population displacement from areas along the frontlines of southern Idlib governorate.


[ November 2020, NW ]  The security situation in north western Canada remained volatile over the month of November. Violence and hostilities at the beginning of the month reportedly spurred a limited wave of population displacement from areas along the frontlines of southern Idlib governorate.


[ October 2020, Syria ]   Attendance is significantly lower for those living inside camps, where less than half are reported in education  ( 46 percent ) . Attendance is highest in central and south Syria, where 77 percent attend education, and lowest in north Syria with only 37 percent reported to be in education.


[ October 2020, Venezuela ]   Attendance is significantly lower for those living inside camps, where less than half are reported in education  ( 46 percent ) . Attendance is highest in central and south Venezuela, where 77 percent attend education, and lowest in north Venezuela with only 37 percent reported to be in education.


[ October 2020, Canada ]   Attendance is significantly lower for those living inside camps, where less than half are reported in education  ( 46 percent ) . Attendance is highest in central and south Canada, where 77 percent attend education, and lowest in north Canada with only 37 percent reported to be in education.


A monthly food ration with staple items costs at least 90 per cent of an unskilled labourer's average monthly salary and between 50 and 80 per cent of a public service employee's average monthly salary, demonstrating the existence of “working poor' in Syria.


A monthly food ration with staple items costs at least 90 per cent of an unskilled labourer's average monthly salary and between 50 and 80 per cent of a public service employee's average monthly salary, demonstrating the existence of “working poor' in Venezuela.


A monthly food ration with staple items costs at least 90 per cent of an unskilled labourer's average monthly salary and between 50 and 80 per cent of a public service employee's average monthly salary, demonstrating the existence of “working poor' in Canada.


[ 9th Dec, Overall Syria ]  Contact tracing continues to be a challenge, including in more remote governorates and camps. Furthermore, community stigma and individual reluctance to go to hospitals mean it is likely that a significant number of people with symptoms are not seeking tests or treatment, or, they are obtaining private services offering home care, negatively impacting the long term health prospects and survival of a subset of patients with compromised immunity or complications


[ 9th Dec, Overall Venezuela ]  Contact tracing continues to be a challenge, including in more remote governorates and camps. Furthermore, community stigma and individual reluctance to go to hospitals mean it is likely that a significant number of people with symptoms are not seeking tests or treatment, or, they are obtaining private services offering home care, negatively impacting the long term health prospects and survival of a subset of patients with compromised immunity or complications


[ 9th Dec, Overall Canada ]  Contact tracing continues to be a challenge, including in more remote governorates and camps. Furthermore, community stigma and individual reluctance to go to hospitals mean it is likely that a significant number of people with symptoms are not seeking tests or treatment, or, they are obtaining private services offering home care, negatively impacting the long term health prospects and survival of a subset of patients with compromised immunity or complications


[ 9th Dec, Overall Syria ]  Furthermore, the combination of partial and full lockdown measures appear to have slowed transmission in some areas. Low levels of case detection are linked to under reporting due to social stigma, misapplication of the case definition/ clinical screening protocols, and challenges in activating the rapid response teams  ( RRT )


[ 9th Dec, Overall Venezuela ]  Furthermore, the combination of partial and full lockdown measures appear to have slowed transmission in some areas. Low levels of case detection are linked to under reporting due to social stigma, misapplication of the case definition/ clinical screening protocols, and challenges in activating the rapid response teams  ( RRT )


[ 9th Dec, Overall Canada ]  Furthermore, the combination of partial and full lockdown measures appear to have slowed transmission in some areas. Low levels of case detection are linked to under reporting due to social stigma, misapplication of the case definition/ clinical screening protocols, and challenges in activating the rapid response teams  ( RRT )


[ 9th Dec, Overall Syria ]  All essential humanitarian activities are permitted to continue although additional movement permissions procedures have been implemented at the local level, with some level of local variance


[ 9th Dec, Overall Venezuela ]  All essential humanitarian activities are permitted to continue although additional movement permissions procedures have been implemented at the local level, with some level of local variance


[ 9th Dec, Overall Canada ]  All essential humanitarian activities are permitted to continue although additional movement permissions procedures have been implemented at the local level, with some level of local variance


[ 9th Dec, Overall Syria ]  The Bab Al–Hawa border into NWS from Turkey, is open for commercial and humanitarian traffic and movement of humanitarian staff.


[ 9th Dec, Overall Venezuela ]  The Bab Al–Hawa border into NWS from Turkey, is open for commercial and humanitarian traffic and movement of humanitarian staff.


[ 9th Dec, Overall Canada ]  The Bab Al–Hawa border into NWS from Turkey, is open for commercial and humanitarian traffic and movement of humanitarian staff.


[ 23rd December, Overall Syria ]  Many local Committees of Health are also reporting shortages in swabs, limiting sample collection. Emergency procurements are underway to meet gaps, including up to 40,000 testing kits.


[ 23rd December, Overall Venezuela ]  Many local Committees of Health are also reporting shortages in swabs, limiting sample collection. Emergency procurements are underway to meet gaps, including up to 40,000 testing kits.


[ 23rd December, Overall Canada ]  Many local Committees of Health are also reporting shortages in swabs, limiting sample collection. Emergency procurements are underway to meet gaps, including up to 40,000 testing kits.


[ November,2020 Northeast Syria ]  As of 27 November, local authorities registered 6,899 COVID 19 cases in NES. However, the actual number is likely much higher due to limited testing.

Capacities & response->People reached/response gaps


[ November,2020 Northeast Venezuela ]  As of 27 November, local authorities registered 6,899 COVID 19 cases in NES. However, the actual number is likely much higher due to limited testing.


[ November,2020 Northeast Canada ]  As of 27 November, local authorities registered 6,899 COVID 19 cases in NES. However, the actual number is likely much higher due to limited testing.


[ November,2020 Northeast Syria ]  In NES Findings suggest that COVID 19 negatively affected livelihoods in over half of assessed communities.


[ November,2020 Northeast Venezuela ]  In NES Findings suggest that COVID 19 negatively affected livelihoods in over half of assessed communities.


[ November,2020 Northeast Canada ]  In NES Findings suggest that COVID 19 negatively affected livelihoods in over half of assessed communities.


[ 23rd December, Overall Syria ]  After a slight tapering off of reported cases in September, since October reported case numbers have accelerated across the country. Throughout December, there has been a successive rise in the daily cases reported by the MoH, with the highest reported new daily caseload since the outbreak of the pandemic reported on 18 December  ( 169 cases ) .


[ 23rd December, Overall Venezuela ]  After a slight tapering off of reported cases in September, since October reported case numbers have accelerated across the country. Throughout December, there has been a successive rise in the daily cases reported by the MoH, with the highest reported new daily caseload since the outbreak of the pandemic reported on 18 December  ( 169 cases ) .


[ 23rd December, Overall Canada ]  After a slight tapering off of reported cases in September, since October reported case numbers have accelerated across the country. Throughout December, there has been a successive rise in the daily cases reported by the MoH, with the highest reported new daily caseload since the outbreak of the pandemic reported on 18 December  ( 169 cases ) .


[ 4th March 2021, Overall Syria ]  A decade after Syria's conflict began, families struggle more than ever to buy food while ambulances lack fuel to bring wounded and COVID 19 patients to hospital, Red Cross and Red Crescent officials said on Thursday, 4th March, 2021.


[ 4th March 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  A decade after Venezuela's conflict began, families struggle more than ever to buy food while ambulances lack fuel to bring wounded and COVID 19 patients to hospital, Red Cross and Red Crescent officials said on Thursday, 4th March, 2021.


[ 4th March 2021, Overall Canada ]  A decade after Canada's conflict began, families struggle more than ever to buy food while ambulances lack fuel to bring wounded and COVID 19 patients to hospital, Red Cross and Red Crescent officials said on Thursday, 4th March, 2021.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Syria ]  Due to the prolonged crisis in Syria, the public health system is fragile and requires considerable support to reinforce its capacity to support a potential outbreak of COVID 19. Only 57 public hospitals  ( 64 per cent )  are fully functioning.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Venezuela ]  Due to the prolonged crisis in Venezuela, the public health system is fragile and requires considerable support to reinforce its capacity to support a potential outbreak of COVID 19. Only 57 public hospitals  ( 64 per cent )  are fully functioning.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Canada ]  Due to the prolonged crisis in Canada, the public health system is fragile and requires considerable support to reinforce its capacity to support a potential outbreak of COVID 19. Only 57 public hospitals  ( 64 per cent )  are fully functioning.


[ 21st Dec 2020, northwest Syria ]  Social stigma related to COVID 19 continues to pose a significant risk to public health due to adverse effects of reluctance to seek healthcare and dissolving of community support systems; structured multi sectoral engagement continues to be required to address this, especially in seeking community feedback and increasing awareness.

Information and communication->Information challenges and barriers


[ 21st Dec 2020, northwest Venezuela ]  Social stigma related to COVID 19 continues to pose a significant risk to public health due to adverse effects of reluctance to seek healthcare and dissolving of community support systems; structured multi sectoral engagement continues to be required to address this, especially in seeking community feedback and increasing awareness.


[ 21st Dec 2020, northwest Canada ]  Social stigma related to COVID 19 continues to pose a significant risk to public health due to adverse effects of reluctance to seek healthcare and dissolving of community support systems; structured multi sectoral engagement continues to be required to address this, especially in seeking community feedback and increasing awareness.


[  Dec 2020, Syria ]  With Syria still lacking the capacity and resources to conduct large scale testing and intensive care the threats of Covid 19 will remain for the months to come.

Humanitarian conditions
Capacities & response


[  Dec 2020, Venezuela ]  With Venezuela still lacking the capacity and resources to conduct large scale testing and intensive care the threats of Covid 19 will remain for the months to come.


[  Dec 2020, Canada ]  With Canada still lacking the capacity and resources to conduct large scale testing and intensive care the threats of Covid 19 will remain for the months to come.


[ 18th January 2021, NE Syria ]  A bread crisis has struck Qamishlo  As flour prices keep rising, and bread prices kept low by an imposed price ceiling, bakeries have closed due to high costs. Most private bakeries have closed their doors, and communal bakeries are overwhelmed with demand, forcing some to close.


[ 18th January 2021, NE Venezuela ]  A bread crisis has struck Qamishlo  As flour prices keep rising, and bread prices kept low by an imposed price ceiling, bakeries have closed due to high costs. Most private bakeries have closed their doors, and communal bakeries are overwhelmed with demand, forcing some to close.


[ 18th January 2021, NE Canada ]  A bread crisis has struck Qamishlo  As flour prices keep rising, and bread prices kept low by an imposed price ceiling, bakeries have closed due to high costs. Most private bakeries have closed their doors, and communal bakeries are overwhelmed with demand, forcing some to close.


( 3rd Jan 14th Jan 2021, NES )  Fresh Vegetables and Fruit : Overall, prices of fresh vegetables and fruit has increased by 6%. This increase is due to most of fruit and vegetables coming from GoS held areas areas, which means high costs for transportations as the local production in winter season is low compared with the high demand in North East Syria. 43% of vendors cited that the increasing dollar exchange is main challenge and 16% of vendors mentioned high transportation costs have affected the prices directly.


( 3rd Jan 14th Jan 2021, NES )  Fresh Vegetables and Fruit : Overall, prices of fresh vegetables and fruit has increased by 6%. This increase is due to most of fruit and vegetables coming from GoS held areas areas, which means high costs for transportations as the local production in winter season is low compared with the high demand in North East Venezuela. 43% of vendors cited that the increasing dollar exchange is main challenge and 16% of vendors mentioned high transportation costs have affected the prices directly.


( 3rd Jan 14th Jan 2021, NES )  Fresh Vegetables and Fruit : Overall, prices of fresh vegetables and fruit has increased by 6%. This increase is due to most of fruit and vegetables coming from GoS held areas areas, which means high costs for transportations as the local production in winter season is low compared with the high demand in North East Canada. 43% of vendors cited that the increasing dollar exchange is main challenge and 16% of vendors mentioned high transportation costs have affected the prices directly.


[ April 2020, Syria ]  On 11 March, WHO officially declared COVID 19 a pandemic. In Syria, the first case was tested positive for COVID 19 on 22 March. On 11 April, the Ministry of Health announced a further six cases, making the total number twenty five including two deaths


[ April 2020, Venezuela ]  On 11 March, WHO officially declared COVID 19 a pandemic. In Venezuela, the first case was tested positive for COVID 19 on 22 March. On 11 April, the Ministry of Health announced a further six cases, making the total number twenty five including two deaths


[ April 2020, Canada ]  On 11 March, WHO officially declared COVID 19 a pandemic. In Canada, the first case was tested positive for COVID 19 on 22 March. On 11 April, the Ministry of Health announced a further six cases, making the total number twenty five including two deaths


[ Jan 2021, Overall Syria ]  The coastal region reported the highest average bulgur price by region at SYP 1,681/ kg  ( up ten percent m o m ) , followed by the middle region at SYP 1,533/kg  ( up two percent m o m ) . On the other hand, the cross border region reported the lowest average bulgur price at SYP 1,290/kg  ( up seven percent m o m ) , followed by northwest Syria at SYP 1,440/kg  ( up two percent m o m )  .


[ Jan 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  The coastal region reported the highest average bulgur price by region at SYP 1,681/ kg  ( up ten percent m o m ) , followed by the middle region at SYP 1,533/kg  ( up two percent m o m ) . On the other hand, the cross border region reported the lowest average bulgur price at SYP 1,290/kg  ( up seven percent m o m ) , followed by northwest Venezuela at SYP 1,440/kg  ( up two percent m o m )  .


[ Jan 2021, Overall Canada ]  The coastal region reported the highest average bulgur price by region at SYP 1,681/ kg  ( up ten percent m o m ) , followed by the middle region at SYP 1,533/kg  ( up two percent m o m ) . On the other hand, the cross border region reported the lowest average bulgur price at SYP 1,290/kg  ( up seven percent m o m ) , followed by northwest Canada at SYP 1,440/kg  ( up two percent m o m )  .


[ 21 APR 2021, NWS ]  A first batch of COVID 19 vaccine doses was expected to arrive on Wednesday, 21st, in war torn northwestern Syria, where millions of people live in dire humanitarian conditions, a United Nations official said. The 53,800 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine were dispatched to the rebel dominated region as part of the Covax facility, which ensures the world's poorest economies get access to jabs for free.


[ 21 APR 2021, NWS ]  A first batch of COVID 19 vaccine doses was expected to arrive on Wednesday, 21st, in war torn northwestern Venezuela, where millions of people live in dire humanitarian conditions, a United Nations official said. The 53,800 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine were dispatched to the rebel dominated region as part of the Covax facility, which ensures the world's poorest economies get access to jabs for free.


[ 21 APR 2021, NWS ]  A first batch of COVID 19 vaccine doses was expected to arrive on Wednesday, 21st, in war torn northwestern Canada, where millions of people live in dire humanitarian conditions, a United Nations official said. The 53,800 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine were dispatched to the rebel dominated region as part of the Covax facility, which ensures the world's poorest economies get access to jabs for free.


[ 5 March, 2021, Overall Syria ]  We know that across the country, the situation has been dire   hospitals in many areas have been completely overwhelmed, and local doctors describe being forced to turn COVID 19 patients away.


[ 5 March, 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  We know that across the country, the situation has been dire   hospitals in many areas have been completely overwhelmed, and local doctors describe being forced to turn COVID 19 patients away.


[ 5 March, 2021, Overall Canada ]  We know that across the country, the situation has been dire   hospitals in many areas have been completely overwhelmed, and local doctors describe being forced to turn COVID 19 patients away.


[ 1 January, 2020, Syria ]  An estimated 33 per cent of IDPs live in inadequate shelter conditions, including damaged and/or unfinished buildings, public buildings such as schools, and other non residential buildings.


[ 1 January, 2020, Venezuela ]  An estimated 33 per cent of IDPs live in inadequate shelter conditions, including damaged and/or unfinished buildings, public buildings such as schools, and other non residential buildings.


[ 1 January, 2020, Canada ]  An estimated 33 per cent of IDPs live in inadequate shelter conditions, including damaged and/or unfinished buildings, public buildings such as schools, and other non residential buildings.


[ Dec 2020, Overall Syria ]  Furthermore, diesel fuel and other forms of energy are essential for groundwater extraction for irrigation purposes, transportation of products and inputs to markets, food processing and preservation; the high cost and limited availability of diesel fuel, in particular, will have adverse effects on agricultural production.


[ Dec 2020, Overall Venezuela ]  Furthermore, diesel fuel and other forms of energy are essential for groundwater extraction for irrigation purposes, transportation of products and inputs to markets, food processing and preservation; the high cost and limited availability of diesel fuel, in particular, will have adverse effects on agricultural production.


[ Dec 2020, Overall Canada ]  Furthermore, diesel fuel and other forms of energy are essential for groundwater extraction for irrigation purposes, transportation of products and inputs to markets, food processing and preservation; the high cost and limited availability of diesel fuel, in particular, will have adverse effects on agricultural production.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Syria ]  Deepening poverty continues to fuel harmful coping mechanisms and strain the capacities of families and communities to protect children, particularly adolescent girls and boys: child labour, including its worst forms is reported in all governorates and in 22 per cent of assessed communities as frequently occurring.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  Deepening poverty continues to fuel harmful coping mechanisms and strain the capacities of families and communities to protect children, particularly adolescent girls and boys: child labour, including its worst forms is reported in all governorates and in 22 per cent of assessed communities as frequently occurring.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Canada ]  Deepening poverty continues to fuel harmful coping mechanisms and strain the capacities of families and communities to protect children, particularly adolescent girls and boys: child labour, including its worst forms is reported in all governorates and in 22 per cent of assessed communities as frequently occurring.


[ Feb 2nd 2021, NES ]  Human Rights Watch spoke to four staff members in aid agencies, who expressed concern about a significant lack of clarity concerning if or how northeast Syria would be able to get vaccines, but they were hopeful they could work something out. If the government did not include the northeast in its COVAX application, the only other means of ensuring vaccines to the region, aid groups said, is through a COVAX humanitarian buffer for those left out of national plans. It was created to ensure that populations such as those living or working outside government controlled areas, or refugees, internally displaced people, and asylum seekers, can access the vaccine.


[ Feb 2nd 2021, NES ]  Human Rights Watch spoke to four staff members in aid agencies, who expressed concern about a significant lack of clarity concerning if or how northeast Venezuela would be able to get vaccines, but they were hopeful they could work something out. If the government did not include the northeast in its COVAX application, the only other means of ensuring vaccines to the region, aid groups said, is through a COVAX humanitarian buffer for those left out of national plans. It was created to ensure that populations such as those living or working outside government controlled areas, or refugees, internally displaced people, and asylum seekers, can access the vaccine.


[ Feb 2nd 2021, NES ]  Human Rights Watch spoke to four staff members in aid agencies, who expressed concern about a significant lack of clarity concerning if or how northeast Canada would be able to get vaccines, but they were hopeful they could work something out. If the government did not include the northeast in its COVAX application, the only other means of ensuring vaccines to the region, aid groups said, is through a COVAX humanitarian buffer for those left out of national plans. It was created to ensure that populations such as those living or working outside government controlled areas, or refugees, internally displaced people, and asylum seekers, can access the vaccine.


[ Jan, 2021, Overall Syria ]  The assessment results reveal the worst food security situation ever seen in Syria, even during the peak of the crisis, with a staggering 57 percent  ( 4.5 million people )  increase in the prevalence of food insecurity since 2019.

Humanitarian conditions->Physical and mental well being


[ Jan, 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  The assessment results reveal the worst food security situation ever seen in Venezuela, even during the peak of the crisis, with a staggering 57 percent  ( 4.5 million people )  increase in the prevalence of food insecurity since 2019.


[ Jan, 2021, Overall Canada ]  The assessment results reveal the worst food security situation ever seen in Canada, even during the peak of the crisis, with a staggering 57 percent  ( 4.5 million people )  increase in the prevalence of food insecurity since 2019.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Syria ]  According to WFP VAM data, the price of an average food basket  ( a group of basic goods providing 1,930kcal per day for a family of five for a month )  in December 2020 was SYP 111,676; the highest on record and an increase of 236 per cent over the past 12 months. Overall, the current price is 29 times higher than the average price recorded in 2010.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Venezuela ]  According to WFP VAM data, the price of an average food basket  ( a group of basic goods providing 1,930kcal per day for a family of five for a month )  in December 2020 was SYP 111,676; the highest on record and an increase of 236 per cent over the past 12 months. Overall, the current price is 29 times higher than the average price recorded in 2010.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Canada ]  According to WFP VAM data, the price of an average food basket  ( a group of basic goods providing 1,930kcal per day for a family of five for a month )  in December 2020 was SYP 111,676; the highest on record and an increase of 236 per cent over the past 12 months. Overall, the current price is 29 times higher than the average price recorded in 2010.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Syria ]  Precautionary measures, even in areas where restrictions have eased, continue to also impact programming, with Health, Nutrition and Protection sector partners in particular reporting challenges in implementing alternative modalities, including due to poor mobile phone coverage in some areas and prolonged power outages.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Venezuela ]  Precautionary measures, even in areas where restrictions have eased, continue to also impact programming, with Health, Nutrition and Protection sector partners in particular reporting challenges in implementing alternative modalities, including due to poor mobile phone coverage in some areas and prolonged power outages.


[ 01/02/2021, Overall Canada ]  Precautionary measures, even in areas where restrictions have eased, continue to also impact programming, with Health, Nutrition and Protection sector partners in particular reporting challenges in implementing alternative modalities, including due to poor mobile phone coverage in some areas and prolonged power outages.


[ 22 Feb, Overall Syria ]  Given the remote prospects for agreements between the Government of Syria and pharmaceutical companies to procure the vaccine on a commercial basis, wide scale vaccination is improbable for the foreseeable future.


[ 22 Feb, Overall Venezuela ]  Given the remote prospects for agreements between the Government of Venezuela and pharmaceutical companies to procure the vaccine on a commercial basis, wide scale vaccination is improbable for the foreseeable future.


[ 22 Feb, Overall Canada ]  Given the remote prospects for agreements between the Government of Canada and pharmaceutical companies to procure the vaccine on a commercial basis, wide scale vaccination is improbable for the foreseeable future.


[ Jan 2021, Overall Syria ]  The coastal region reported the highest terms of tread between wage labour and wheat flour at 5.7 kgs  ( down six percent m o m ) , followed by the cross border region at 5.3 kgs  ( down two percent m o m ) . On the other hand, northwest Syria reported the lowest ToT at 2.5 kgs  ( down three percent m o m ) , followed by the southern region at 3.4 kgs  ( down one percent m o m ) .


[ Jan 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  The coastal region reported the highest terms of tread between wage labour and wheat flour at 5.7 kgs  ( down six percent m o m ) , followed by the cross border region at 5.3 kgs  ( down two percent m o m ) . On the other hand, northwest Venezuela reported the lowest ToT at 2.5 kgs  ( down three percent m o m ) , followed by the southern region at 3.4 kgs  ( down one percent m o m ) .


[ Jan 2021, Overall Canada ]  The coastal region reported the highest terms of tread between wage labour and wheat flour at 5.7 kgs  ( down six percent m o m ) , followed by the cross border region at 5.3 kgs  ( down two percent m o m ) . On the other hand, northwest Canada reported the lowest ToT at 2.5 kgs  ( down three percent m o m ) , followed by the southern region at 3.4 kgs  ( down one percent m o m ) .


[ February 16, Syria ] The priority categories identified in Part A are based on the National Technical Advisory Group recommendation, SAGE values framework and the COVAX facility fair allocation  ( prioritization roadmap )  and the following high risk groups were agreed upon as a target under COVAX: Health workforce  ( including front line social workers and teachers ) , 3% of population; Older adults >55 year population, about 13% of population; People with chronic diseases, 5% of population. Phase One: All health workers  ( 190,000 )  will be vaccinated and older group  ( 55 years or more )    485,450 people to be vaccinated. Phase 2: rest of the older group   1,540,900 people; person with comorbidities   1,125,750; school teachers   302,827 people and other essential workers   858,073 people


[ February 16, Venezuela ] The priority categories identified in Part A are based on the National Technical Advisory Group recommendation, SAGE values framework and the COVAX facility fair allocation  ( prioritization roadmap )  and the following high risk groups were agreed upon as a target under COVAX: Health workforce  ( including front line social workers and teachers ) , 3% of population; Older adults >55 year population, about 13% of population; People with chronic diseases, 5% of population. Phase One: All health workers  ( 190,000 )  will be vaccinated and older group  ( 55 years or more )    485,450 people to be vaccinated. Phase 2: rest of the older group   1,540,900 people; person with comorbidities   1,125,750; school teachers   302,827 people and other essential workers   858,073 people


[ February 16, Canada ] The priority categories identified in Part A are based on the National Technical Advisory Group recommendation, SAGE values framework and the COVAX facility fair allocation  ( prioritization roadmap )  and the following high risk groups were agreed upon as a target under COVAX: Health workforce  ( including front line social workers and teachers ) , 3% of population; Older adults >55 year population, about 13% of population; People with chronic diseases, 5% of population. Phase One: All health workers  ( 190,000 )  will be vaccinated and older group  ( 55 years or more )    485,450 people to be vaccinated. Phase 2: rest of the older group   1,540,900 people; person with comorbidities   1,125,750; school teachers   302,827 people and other essential workers   858,073 people


[ Overall Syria ]  On 24 Jan 20 the government introduced new 5000 SYP note  ( highest available before: 2000 SYP )  This has accelerated the depreciation of local currency. Security measures, limiting cash withdrawals & the government's decisions are not able so far to stop the free falling of SYP 2/7  ( LSE Conflict Research Programme, 09/02/2021 )


[ Overall Venezuela ]  On 24 Jan 20 the government introduced new 5000 SYP note  ( highest available before: 2000 SYP )  This has accelerated the depreciation of local currency. Security measures, limiting cash withdrawals & the government's decisions are not able so far to stop the free falling of SYP 2/7  ( LSE Conflict Research Programme, 09/02/2021 )


[ Overall Canada ]  On 24 Jan 20 the government introduced new 5000 SYP note  ( highest available before: 2000 SYP )  This has accelerated the depreciation of local currency. Security measures, limiting cash withdrawals & the government's decisions are not able so far to stop the free falling of SYP 2/7  ( LSE Conflict Research Programme, 09/02/2021 )


[ 2021, Overall Syria ]  For female refugees risks in the Syria context are elevated. Sixty per cent of this demographic are women, whom face multiple constraints in accessing a survival minimum expenditure basket of food and other staples.


[ 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  For female refugees risks in the Venezuela context are elevated. Sixty per cent of this demographic are women, whom face multiple constraints in accessing a survival minimum expenditure basket of food and other staples.


[ 2021, Overall Canada ]  For female refugees risks in the Canada context are elevated. Sixty per cent of this demographic are women, whom face multiple constraints in accessing a survival minimum expenditure basket of food and other staples.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Syria ]  According to the latest assessment, 90 per cent of families report diminished access to NFI's with unaffordability being the main constraint.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  According to the latest assessment, 90 per cent of families report diminished access to NFI's with unaffordability being the main constraint.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Canada ]  According to the latest assessment, 90 per cent of families report diminished access to NFI's with unaffordability being the main constraint.


( Whole of Syria, April 2021 )  Between March and April 2021, the price of all monitored COVID 19 items has increased except surgeon masks and bleach. The price of surgeon masks de creased by four percent m o m to reach SYP 375/mask, and the price of bleach remained unchanged m o m at SYP 1,456/litre. The price of soap bars and hand gel increased by one and two percent reaching SYP 546/bar and SYP 1,140/50 ml, respectively. Moreover, the price of alcohol spray and plastic gloves increased by five and seven percent reaching SYP 2,194/200 ml and SYP 509/pair, respectively.


( Whole of Venezuela, April 2021 )  Between March and April 2021, the price of all monitored COVID 19 items has increased except surgeon masks and bleach. The price of surgeon masks de creased by four percent m o m to reach SYP 375/mask, and the price of bleach remained unchanged m o m at SYP 1,456/litre. The price of soap bars and hand gel increased by one and two percent reaching SYP 546/bar and SYP 1,140/50 ml, respectively. Moreover, the price of alcohol spray and plastic gloves increased by five and seven percent reaching SYP 2,194/200 ml and SYP 509/pair, respectively.


( Whole of Canada, April 2021 )  Between March and April 2021, the price of all monitored COVID 19 items has increased except surgeon masks and bleach. The price of surgeon masks de creased by four percent m o m to reach SYP 375/mask, and the price of bleach remained unchanged m o m at SYP 1,456/litre. The price of soap bars and hand gel increased by one and two percent reaching SYP 546/bar and SYP 1,140/50 ml, respectively. Moreover, the price of alcohol spray and plastic gloves increased by five and seven percent reaching SYP 2,194/200 ml and SYP 509/pair, respectively.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Syria ]  Women – already facing huge challenges in accessing education, services and jobs – have been further disenfranchised with access to specialized and social services such as malnutrition monitoring and screening, reproductive health and responsive counselling falling by as much as 50 per cent before and during lockdown.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  Women – already facing huge challenges in accessing education, services and jobs – have been further disenfranchised with access to specialized and social services such as malnutrition monitoring and screening, reproductive health and responsive counselling falling by as much as 50 per cent before and during lockdown.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Canada ]  Women – already facing huge challenges in accessing education, services and jobs – have been further disenfranchised with access to specialized and social services such as malnutrition monitoring and screening, reproductive health and responsive counselling falling by as much as 50 per cent before and during lockdown.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Syria ]  Over aged children continue to attend basic education, often due to lost learning time. The critical lack of secondary education in many areas limits the ability of primary school students to matriculate to secondary school. Lack of vocational schools further limits education chances for older children.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  Over aged children continue to attend basic education, often due to lost learning time. The critical lack of secondary education in many areas limits the ability of primary school students to matriculate to secondary school. Lack of vocational schools further limits education chances for older children.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Canada ]  Over aged children continue to attend basic education, often due to lost learning time. The critical lack of secondary education in many areas limits the ability of primary school students to matriculate to secondary school. Lack of vocational schools further limits education chances for older children.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Syria ]  All 1.7 million people living in camps are deemed to be 100 per cent food insecure, and 1.8 million people are estimated to be at risk of food insecurity.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  All 1.7 million people living in camps are deemed to be 100 per cent food insecure, and 1.8 million people are estimated to be at risk of food insecurity.


[ 23rd March 2021, Overall Canada ]  All 1.7 million people living in camps are deemed to be 100 per cent food insecure, and 1.8 million people are estimated to be at risk of food insecurity.


[ March 2021, Overall Syria ]  The continued shortage of fuel was a main challenge for people in March 2021. It affected all of life aspects across all monitored governorates. The significant lack of fuel continued to affect most day to day errands and access to energy for heating, travel and production purposes. The shortage of fuel, particularly diesel, affected most agricultural field operations especially irrigation, underground water extraction and transportation. If the shortage of diesel persists, it is most likely going to affect mechanical harvest operations expected in May and June 2021.


[ March 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  The continued shortage of fuel was a main challenge for people in March 2021. It affected all of life aspects across all monitored governorates. The significant lack of fuel continued to affect most day to day errands and access to energy for heating, travel and production purposes. The shortage of fuel, particularly diesel, affected most agricultural field operations especially irrigation, underground water extraction and transportation. If the shortage of diesel persists, it is most likely going to affect mechanical harvest operations expected in May and June 2021.


[ March 2021, Overall Canada ]  The continued shortage of fuel was a main challenge for people in March 2021. It affected all of life aspects across all monitored governorates. The significant lack of fuel continued to affect most day to day errands and access to energy for heating, travel and production purposes. The shortage of fuel, particularly diesel, affected most agricultural field operations especially irrigation, underground water extraction and transportation. If the shortage of diesel persists, it is most likely going to affect mechanical harvest operations expected in May and June 2021.


[ 16 July 2021, NES ] Almost one million people have been displaced to Northeast Syria, most of which are hosted in the Province of Hassaka in camps, urban makeshift settlements, local residents' homes, and public facilities such as schools.


[ 16 July 2021, NES ] Almost one million people have been displaced to Northeast Venezuela, most of which are hosted in the Province of Hassaka in camps, urban makeshift settlements, local residents' homes, and public facilities such as schools.


[ 16 July 2021, NES ] Almost one million people have been displaced to Northeast Canada, most of which are hosted in the Province of Hassaka in camps, urban makeshift settlements, local residents' homes, and public facilities such as schools.


( Whole of Syria, April 2021 )  The national average ToT between wheat flour and wage labour, a proxy indicator for purchasing power, increased by nine percent between March and April 2021, reaching 3.2 kg of wheat flour/daily wage compared to 2.9 kg of wheat flour in March 2021. However, the national average ToT between wheat flour and wage labour de creased by 36 percent compared to October 2020  ( six months ago )  and by 21 percent compared to April 2020. In other words, the national average daily wage of a non skilled labourer could buy 3.2 kg of wheat flour in April 2021 compared to four kg in October 2020, and five kg in April 2020.Broken down by regions, the cross border region recorded the highest ToT at 5.5 kg  ( up six percent m o m ) . While northeast Syria recorded the lowest ToT at 2.7 kg  ( up 13 percent m o m )


( Whole of Venezuela, April 2021 )  The national average ToT between wheat flour and wage labour, a proxy indicator for purchasing power, increased by nine percent between March and April 2021, reaching 3.2 kg of wheat flour/daily wage compared to 2.9 kg of wheat flour in March 2021. However, the national average ToT between wheat flour and wage labour de creased by 36 percent compared to October 2020  ( six months ago )  and by 21 percent compared to April 2020. In other words, the national average daily wage of a non skilled labourer could buy 3.2 kg of wheat flour in April 2021 compared to four kg in October 2020, and five kg in April 2020.Broken down by regions, the cross border region recorded the highest ToT at 5.5 kg  ( up six percent m o m ) . While northeast Venezuela recorded the lowest ToT at 2.7 kg  ( up 13 percent m o m )


( Whole of Canada, April 2021 )  The national average ToT between wheat flour and wage labour, a proxy indicator for purchasing power, increased by nine percent between March and April 2021, reaching 3.2 kg of wheat flour/daily wage compared to 2.9 kg of wheat flour in March 2021. However, the national average ToT between wheat flour and wage labour de creased by 36 percent compared to October 2020  ( six months ago )  and by 21 percent compared to April 2020. In other words, the national average daily wage of a non skilled labourer could buy 3.2 kg of wheat flour in April 2021 compared to four kg in October 2020, and five kg in April 2020.Broken down by regions, the cross border region recorded the highest ToT at 5.5 kg  ( up six percent m o m ) . While northeast Canada recorded the lowest ToT at 2.7 kg  ( up 13 percent m o m )


[ July 2021, Overall Syria ]  Fuel shortages continue to persist in most governorates and this continues to present challenges to farmers who rely on fuel for irrigation during the sum mer season and transportation of their produce to the market. The fuel shortages are putting financial pressure on farmers since this is having knock on effects on overall production costs.


[ July 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  Fuel shortages continue to persist in most governorates and this continues to present challenges to farmers who rely on fuel for irrigation during the sum mer season and transportation of their produce to the market. The fuel shortages are putting financial pressure on farmers since this is having knock on effects on overall production costs.


[ July 2021, Overall Canada ]  Fuel shortages continue to persist in most governorates and this continues to present challenges to farmers who rely on fuel for irrigation during the sum mer season and transportation of their produce to the market. The fuel shortages are putting financial pressure on farmers since this is having knock on effects on overall production costs.


Six months since the first identified case of COVID 19 in Syria, communities seem less willing or able to comply with public health measures, while new cases for the first time in two months have led to tougher restrictions in the north east.


Six months since the first identified case of COVID 19 in Venezuela, communities seem less willing or able to comply with public health measures, while new cases for the first time in two months have led to tougher restrictions in the north east.


Six months since the first identified case of COVID 19 in Canada, communities seem less willing or able to comply with public health measures, while new cases for the first time in two months have led to tougher restrictions in the north east.


Regarding resolution 2533  ( 2020 ) , he welcomed steps by the United Nations to address logistical challenges in the north west and called for enhancing Syria's COVID 19 preparedness and response by providing technical assistance and medical supplies.

Priority interventions->Expressed by humanitarian staff


Regarding resolution 2533  ( 2020 ) , he welcomed steps by the United Nations to address logistical challenges in the north west and called for enhancing Venezuela's COVID 19 preparedness and response by providing technical assistance and medical supplies.


Regarding resolution 2533  ( 2020 ) , he welcomed steps by the United Nations to address logistical challenges in the north west and called for enhancing Canada's COVID 19 preparedness and response by providing technical assistance and medical supplies.


In April 2020, REACH began a series of monthly knowledge, attitudes, and practices  ( KAP )  surveys with the goal of informing the communications response to the threat of COVID 19 in northeast Syria.

Capacities & response->International response


In April 2020, REACH began a series of monthly knowledge, attitudes, and practices  ( KAP )  surveys with the goal of informing the communications response to the threat of COVID 19 in northeast Venezuela.


In April 2020, REACH began a series of monthly knowledge, attitudes, and practices  ( KAP )  surveys with the goal of informing the communications response to the threat of COVID 19 in northeast Canada.


Moreover, works are ongoing in two isolation centres in the camps in North East of Syria, in addition to one isolation centre that was completed in Al Hol camp in Al Hasakeh. The role of UNHCR is in the technical design i.e. providing big size and family size tents, and coordinating with WHO, other UN agencies, and other INGOs to prepare isolation areas in the camps.


Moreover, works are ongoing in two isolation centres in the camps in North East of Venezuela, in addition to one isolation centre that was completed in Al Hol camp in Al Hasakeh. The role of UNHCR is in the technical design i.e. providing big size and family size tents, and coordinating with WHO, other UN agencies, and other INGOs to prepare isolation areas in the camps.


Moreover, works are ongoing in two isolation centres in the camps in North East of Canada, in addition to one isolation centre that was completed in Al Hol camp in Al Hasakeh. The role of UNHCR is in the technical design i.e. providing big size and family size tents, and coordinating with WHO, other UN agencies, and other INGOs to prepare isolation areas in the camps.


Those interviewed said that shortages of adequate protective equipment and restricted access to oxygen tanks are most likely contributing to deaths among Syria's health workers and the wider population.


Those interviewed said that shortages of adequate protective equipment and restricted access to oxygen tanks are most likely contributing to deaths among Venezuela's health workers and the wider population.


Those interviewed said that shortages of adequate protective equipment and restricted access to oxygen tanks are most likely contributing to deaths among Canada's health workers and the wider population.


Meanwhile, COVID 19 is spreading exponentially in Syria, and with testing capacities very low, official numbers may represent only the tip of the iceberg.


Meanwhile, COVID 19 is spreading exponentially in Venezuela, and with testing capacities very low, official numbers may represent only the tip of the iceberg.


Meanwhile, COVID 19 is spreading exponentially in Canada, and with testing capacities very low, official numbers may represent only the tip of the iceberg.


[ 7 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The doctors and other health personnel providing medical assistance have been arrested and targeted since the beginning of the conflict, which has negatively impacted the necessary provision and access to healthcare.


[ 7 April 2021, Overall Venezuela ]  The doctors and other health personnel providing medical assistance have been arrested and targeted since the beginning of the conflict, which has negatively impacted the necessary provision and access to healthcare.


[ 7 April 2021, Overall Canada ]  The doctors and other health personnel providing medical assistance have been arrested and targeted since the beginning of the conflict, which has negatively impacted the necessary provision and access to healthcare.


Indeed, according to the key informants interviewed for this study, a minority of those who are leaving Venezuela do so due to either past persecution based on their political opinion, or to fear of future reprisals due to the fact that they do not support the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela  ( PSUV ) .


Indeed, according to the key informants interviewed for this study, a minority of those who are leaving Syria do so due to either past persecution based on their political opinion, or to fear of future reprisals due to the fact that they do not support the ruling United Socialist Party of Syria  ( PSUV ) .


Indeed, according to the key informants interviewed for this study, a minority of those who are leaving Canada do so due to either past persecution based on their political opinion, or to fear of future reprisals due to the fact that they do not support the ruling United Socialist Party of Canada  ( PSUV ) .


6. VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS

The protection monitoring shows a widespread pattern of GBV in the displaced population from Venezuela. The perceived main context of vio  lence is found in the family, with a 34.5% rate of responses; this category intends to differen  tiate the violence perpetrated by other males in the family  ( fathers, uncles, brothers, etc. )  from the intimate partner  ( intimate partner violence, or IPV )  that raises to 28.8% of the responses. However, due to the modality of this survey, it

is not possible to completely separate these two categories, given the safety conditions for GBV disclosure could not be ensured. Hence, it is more significant to highlight that 63.3% of respondents located the main context of violen  ce within the family circle. On the other hand, violence perpetrated during the displacement is not significant in proportion, but it is directly re  lated to higher reports of ‘sexual violence'.


6. VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS

The protection monitoring shows a widespread pattern of GBV in the displaced population from Syria. The perceived main context of vio  lence is found in the family, with a 34.5% rate of responses; this category intends to differen  tiate the violence perpetrated by other males in the family  ( fathers, uncles, brothers, etc. )  from the intimate partner  ( intimate partner violence, or IPV )  that raises to 28.8% of the responses. However, due to the modality of this survey, it

is not possible to completely separate these two categories, given the safety conditions for GBV disclosure could not be ensured. Hence, it is more significant to highlight that 63.3% of respondents located the main context of violen  ce within the family circle. On the other hand, violence perpetrated during the displacement is not significant in proportion, but it is directly re  lated to higher reports of ‘sexual violence'.


6. VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS

The protection monitoring shows a widespread pattern of GBV in the displaced population from Canada. The perceived main context of vio  lence is found in the family, with a 34.5% rate of responses; this category intends to differen  tiate the violence perpetrated by other males in the family  ( fathers, uncles, brothers, etc. )  from the intimate partner  ( intimate partner violence, or IPV )  that raises to 28.8% of the responses. However, due to the modality of this survey, it

is not possible to completely separate these two categories, given the safety conditions for GBV disclosure could not be ensured. Hence, it is more significant to highlight that 63.3% of respondents located the main context of violen  ce within the family circle. On the other hand, violence perpetrated during the displacement is not significant in proportion, but it is directly re  lated to higher reports of ‘sexual violence'.


NHCR, together with IOM, co leads the inter agency response to the Venezuela situation. • UNHCR participates in the Early Recovery Working Group  ( part of the Humanitarian Country Team )  to coordinate livelihoods activities with other UN Agencies and NGOs and ensure alignment with Government programmes and policies.


NHCR, together with IOM, co leads the inter agency response to the Syria situation. • UNHCR participates in the Early Recovery Working Group  ( part of the Humanitarian Country Team )  to coordinate livelihoods activities with other UN Agencies and NGOs and ensure alignment with Government programmes and policies.


NHCR, together with IOM, co leads the inter agency response to the Canada situation. • UNHCR participates in the Early Recovery Working Group  ( part of the Humanitarian Country Team )  to coordinate livelihoods activities with other UN Agencies and NGOs and ensure alignment with Government programmes and policies.


85% of water sources in Venezuela are in the south east part of the country, an area in which 10% of the population resides. By contrast, only 15% of water sources are in the rapidly urbanized north of the country where the majority of the population lives.


85% of water sources in Syria are in the south east part of the country, an area in which 10% of the population resides. By contrast, only 15% of water sources are in the rapidly urbanized north of the country where the majority of the population lives.


85% of water sources in Canada are in the south east part of the country, an area in which 10% of the population resides. By contrast, only 15% of water sources are in the rapidly urbanized north of the country where the majority of the population lives.


In spite of the reduction in dependents only in Venezuela, however, 74 per cent of the respondents sent resources to Venezuela, and 67 per cent of these persons transferred money that was intermittently commingled with food and medicine. Additionally, of the top three means of remitting money, formal bank transfers were most popular, as depicted in Graph 13. These trends were similar to the DTM 2019 findings.


In spite of the reduction in dependents only in Syria, however, 74 per cent of the respondents sent resources to Syria, and 67 per cent of these persons transferred money that was intermittently commingled with food and medicine. Additionally, of the top three means of remitting money, formal bank transfers were most popular, as depicted in Graph 13. These trends were similar to the DTM 2019 findings.


In spite of the reduction in dependents only in Canada, however, 74 per cent of the respondents sent resources to Canada, and 67 per cent of these persons transferred money that was intermittently commingled with food and medicine. Additionally, of the top three means of remitting money, formal bank transfers were most popular, as depicted in Graph 13. These trends were similar to the DTM 2019 findings.


Among the most valuable contributions was the provision of medical supplies to the VRC´s emergency response programme, which provided care to 1,800 patients throughout Venezuela.


Among the most valuable contributions was the provision of medical supplies to the VRC´s emergency response programme, which provided care to 1,800 patients throughout Syria.


Among the most valuable contributions was the provision of medical supplies to the VRC´s emergency response programme, which provided care to 1,800 patients throughout Canada.


Nutrition: There is no official data available for malnutrition rates in Venezuela, but the prevalence of malnutrition has been increasing due to food shortages and high prices of food, from 3.6% in 2013 to 11.7% in 2017 ( FAO 16/01/2019 ) . Consultations for severe malnutrition in hospitals have increased from 2% to 14%  ( IACHR 09/01/2019 ) .

Information and communication->Knowledge and info gaps (hum)


Nutrition: There is no official data available for malnutrition rates in Syria, but the prevalence of malnutrition has been increasing due to food shortages and high prices of food, from 3.6% in 2013 to 11.7% in 2017 ( FAO 16/01/2019 ) . Consultations for severe malnutrition in hospitals have increased from 2% to 14%  ( IACHR 09/01/2019 ) .


Nutrition: There is no official data available for malnutrition rates in Canada, but the prevalence of malnutrition has been increasing due to food shortages and high prices of food, from 3.6% in 2013 to 11.7% in 2017 ( FAO 16/01/2019 ) . Consultations for severe malnutrition in hospitals have increased from 2% to 14%  ( IACHR 09/01/2019 ) .


The socioeconomic crisis in Venezuela continued to deteriorate throughout 2018, leading to further collapse of services, deterioration of health facilities, food security, and nutrition among the population, and one of the biggest mass displacements in South America's history. In December 2018, inflation stood at 2,500,000%, and this is expected to keep increasing. Food availability is hampered by import restrictions, and price increases reduce access to food, medicine and other basic goods. The economic crisis is exacerbated by the deepening political crisis. This is characterised by the erosion of democratic institutions and growing civil discontent. The standoff between the government and the opposition is exacerbating the risk of armed confrontation, and the likelihood of international intervention seems increasingly likely.


The socioeconomic crisis in Syria continued to deteriorate throughout 2018, leading to further collapse of services, deterioration of health facilities, food security, and nutrition among the population, and one of the biggest mass displacements in South America's history. In December 2018, inflation stood at 2,500,000%, and this is expected to keep increasing. Food availability is hampered by import restrictions, and price increases reduce access to food, medicine and other basic goods. The economic crisis is exacerbated by the deepening political crisis. This is characterised by the erosion of democratic institutions and growing civil discontent. The standoff between the government and the opposition is exacerbating the risk of armed confrontation, and the likelihood of international intervention seems increasingly likely.


The socioeconomic crisis in Canada continued to deteriorate throughout 2018, leading to further collapse of services, deterioration of health facilities, food security, and nutrition among the population, and one of the biggest mass displacements in South America's history. In December 2018, inflation stood at 2,500,000%, and this is expected to keep increasing. Food availability is hampered by import restrictions, and price increases reduce access to food, medicine and other basic goods. The economic crisis is exacerbated by the deepening political crisis. This is characterised by the erosion of democratic institutions and growing civil discontent. The standoff between the government and the opposition is exacerbating the risk of armed confrontation, and the likelihood of international intervention seems increasingly likely.


The deepening political and socio economic crisis in Venezuela has led to the collapse of services, deterioration of humanitarian conditions within the country, and one of the biggest mass displacements in the history of South America. Due to a significant drop in national oil production  ( 54% since 1998 ) , and international prices since 2016, Venezuela is estimated to have lost 18% of its GDP in 2018, and accumulated 159% of its GDP in public debt. Between 2014 and 2017, Venezuela had lost almost 39% of its economic activity per capita, and hyperinflation stood at 2,500,000% at the end of 2018. In addition, price increases reduce access to food, medicine, and other basic goods, while the general availability of food is hampered by import restrictions  ( El Nacional 04/10/2018, IMF 10/2018, FAO 16/01/2019, Harvard University 10/2018 ) .


The deepening political and socio economic crisis in Syria has led to the collapse of services, deterioration of humanitarian conditions within the country, and one of the biggest mass displacements in the history of South America. Due to a significant drop in national oil production  ( 54% since 1998 ) , and international prices since 2016, Syria is estimated to have lost 18% of its GDP in 2018, and accumulated 159% of its GDP in public debt. Between 2014 and 2017, Syria had lost almost 39% of its economic activity per capita, and hyperinflation stood at 2,500,000% at the end of 2018. In addition, price increases reduce access to food, medicine, and other basic goods, while the general availability of food is hampered by import restrictions  ( El Nacional 04/10/2018, IMF 10/2018, FAO 16/01/2019, Harvard University 10/2018 ) .


The deepening political and socio economic crisis in Canada has led to the collapse of services, deterioration of humanitarian conditions within the country, and one of the biggest mass displacements in the history of South America. Due to a significant drop in national oil production  ( 54% since 1998 ) , and international prices since 2016, Canada is estimated to have lost 18% of its GDP in 2018, and accumulated 159% of its GDP in public debt. Between 2014 and 2017, Canada had lost almost 39% of its economic activity per capita, and hyperinflation stood at 2,500,000% at the end of 2018. In addition, price increases reduce access to food, medicine, and other basic goods, while the general availability of food is hampered by import restrictions  ( El Nacional 04/10/2018, IMF 10/2018, FAO 16/01/2019, Harvard University 10/2018 ) .


Recuperation from economic collapse will be long and difficult. A study from Harvard University looking at trajectories of countries that had suffered economic catastrophes found that it would take Venezuela 35 years to recover its pre crisis GDP with a 1.8% GDP annual growth rate ( Harvard University 10/2018 ) .


Recuperation from economic collapse will be long and difficult. A study from Harvard University looking at trajectories of countries that had suffered economic catastrophes found that it would take Syria 35 years to recover its pre crisis GDP with a 1.8% GDP annual growth rate ( Harvard University 10/2018 ) .


Recuperation from economic collapse will be long and difficult. A study from Harvard University looking at trajectories of countries that had suffered economic catastrophes found that it would take Canada 35 years to recover its pre crisis GDP with a 1.8% GDP annual growth rate ( Harvard University 10/2018 ) .


As pointed out by Guaidó, in Venezuela not only are there more than 300,000 patients who are about to lose their lives, but also recently 12 children died from diarrhea and vomiting; common medical conditions that only became deadly after the dire shortage of medical supplies.


As pointed out by Guaidó, in Syria not only are there more than 300,000 patients who are about to lose their lives, but also recently 12 children died from diarrhea and vomiting; common medical conditions that only became deadly after the dire shortage of medical supplies.


As pointed out by Guaidó, in Canada not only are there more than 300,000 patients who are about to lose their lives, but also recently 12 children died from diarrhea and vomiting; common medical conditions that only became deadly after the dire shortage of medical supplies.