nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
Out of the 181 million people in Nigeria, approximately two million people have been internally displaced, of which 63.2 per cent are concentrated in urban and peri urban seƩlements, compared to 47.7 per cent of Nigeria's total populaƟon.
Nigeria's foreign investment, otherwise known as capital importation has recorded consistent decline Quarter  on  Quarter, QoQ in the year 2018. However, portfolio investment inflow rose by 38 percent, Year on Year  ( YoY )  to $16.8 billion in the fourth quarter of 2018, Q4'18, from $12.2 billion recorded in the corresponding period of 2017.The Capital Importation report of the National Bureau of Statistics  ( NBS )  released yesterday, showed that on quarterly basis, the figure which stood at $6.3 billion in the first quarter of 2018  ( Q1'18 )  nosedived by 12.7 percent to $5.5 billion in Q2'18. The figure further dropped by 48.2 percent to $2.85 billion in Q3, while it dropped further by 26.3 percent to $2.1billion in Q4.
Climate change is one of the causes of this conflict, as it has brought about desertification, resulting in clashes over resources. Nigeria is also dealing with an influx of refugees fleeing the violence in Cameroon's Anglophone region and arriving in Cross River, Benue, and Taraba States.
The government's role in blocking or granting access makes it extremely difficult for humanitarian actors to uphold the principles of neutrality and impartiality in northeastern Nigeria. Interviewees highlighted the politicization of aid as a key issue. Access constraints mean that humanitarian actors are only working on one side of the armed conflict. Furthermore, because of the security situation, many in the humanitarian community have agreed to use military assets or escorts. In some areas, humanitarian actors have been and still are collocated with the military, and most of their activities depend on military clearance. This can create the perception that humanitarian actors are aligned with the military
The Kano FMP monitors cross border flows of migrants between Nigeria, Niger and, in lesser proprtions, movements to and from Chad and Cameroon. The Kano FMP has been collecting data since March 2017, covering two migratory routes in Dala and Nasarawa LGAs in Kano state. Six enumerators, three in each location, carry out the task of monitoring flows travelling through the FMP. Results show that the daily average number of individuals observed in January 2019 at the Kano FMP was 1,137 a four per cent increase compared to December 2018. In January, Maradi  ( 57% ) , Zinder  ( 32% )  and Diffa  ( 7% )  in Niger, Ndjamena  ( 3% )  in Chad and Center  ( 1% )  in Cameroon were the main cities of departure of travellers passing through Kano, whereas Maradi  ( 57% ) , Zinder  ( 32% )  and Diffa  ( 7% )  in Niger, Ndjamena  ( 3% )  in Chad and Center  ( 1% )  in Cameroon were the main cities of intended destination of observed flows. The main types of flows identified were: economic migration of more than six months  ( 39% of all flows ) , short term local movements  ( 35% of all flows ) , seasonal  ( 16% of all flows ) , and tourism  ( 10% of all flows ) . Two main modes of transport were identified: cars  ( 66% of all flows )  and buses  ( 34% of all flows ) . The main nationalities observed this month were recorded as Nigerian  ( 57% ) , Nigerien  ( 32% ) , Chadian  ( 5% ) , Malian  ( 4% )  and Cameroonian  ( 2% )  nationals.
Beginning from 1 st October, 2018 to 10th April, 2019, a total of 641 suspected cases have been reported from 15 states.So far, 55 deaths  ( CFR=8.6% )  have been recorded among all suspected cases
April 1: Thirty seven commuters were kidnapped in Kachia, Kaduna. April 1: Boko Haram attacked Chibok, Borno. No casualties were reported. April 1: The Nigerian Air Force killed "several"  ( estimated at five )  Boko Haram militants in Gwoza, Borno. April 1: Sectarian violence led to four deaths in Wukari, Taraba
Earlier this month bandits killed 26 people when they raided seven villages in the Mada district, according to the police. Last July, Amnesty International said Zamfara state was “at the mercy' of armed bandits who had killed at least 371 people in the first six months of 2018. In December an influential traditional chief in the state urged authourities to allow vigilantes carry assault rifles to defend themselves against bandits.Last month, information minister Lai Mohammed claimed that bandits were mobilised to carry out attacks and “provoke massive chaos before, during and after the elections'.
Throughout March, a series of fire incidents were recorded in Damboa, Magumeri  ( Gajiganna ) , Monguno, Konduga and Dikwa LGA of Borno State due to the seasonal dry, hot and windy weather conditions. More than 2,000 shelters, a majority of them temporary or makeshift shelters, were damaged or destroyed further exacerbating the humanitarian needs. Cooking fires have been reported as the main cause of fire outbreaks.
An exhaustive nutrition screening using mid upper arm circumference  ( MUAC )  and Oedema for acute malnutrition was conducted by Nutrition Sector partners for 354 children of 6 59 months. Of the 354 children screened, the MUAC reading was: 5 children  ( 2 from Inaccessible and 3 from accessible area )  were in the Red category, 30 were in the Yellow category and 319 were measured in the Green category. No case of Oedema was reported in the 3 LGAs that sent in reports
Gubio: 490 departures were recorded in Gubio LGA of Borno state. These include 265 departures from Gubio I ward comprising of 137 departures to Bolori II ward, 36 to Fezzan ward, 13 to Lamisula Jambamri ward, 2 to Bolori I ward of Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, 13 to Bale Galtimari ward and 34 to Dusuman ward of Jere LGA, other departures within this ward include 4 to Bauchi state, 9 to Yobe and 17 to Kano state. 225 departures from Gubio II ward which include 16 to Bolori I ward, 4 to Bolori II ward, 11 to Gwange ward, 37 to Shehuri North and 49 to Maisandari ward of Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, 28 to Mashamari ward and 16 to Gomari ward of Jere LGA, 3 to Monguno ward of Mungono LGA of Borno state. Other departures within this ward include 43 to Yobe state and 18 to Bauchi state. All the departures were due to the ongoing conflict.
There were 90 suspected cases of Lassa Fever  ( LF )  reported from 14 LGAs in nine states  ( Edo – 50, Ondo – 4, Ebonyi – 7, Bauchi – 2, Nasarawa – 1, Plateau – 1, Taraba – 1, Benue – 1 & Abia – 3 ) . There were eight confirmed cases and no death was recorded
Specific events that triggered Nigerians to leave their origin country reflected a combination of economic triggers  ( e.g. lack or loss of employment, job offer in Europe )  and influence from their social circles  ( e.g. hearing from a family or friend that life in Europe was good, friends asking to join in their migration, family wanting them to migrate )  and to lesser extent security.
There were 116 suspected cases of AFP reported from 86 LGAs in 30 states and FCT. None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded
May 27: Gunmen killed six family members in Riyom, Plateau. May 27: Boko Haram killed seven in Jere, Borno.
Fear of physical safety and abduction by NSAG when travelling or going to get firewood in the bush for cooking and going to/work on their farms.  Restriction of movement/travelling: Young girls face the risk of being arrested, threatened, extorted or detained by security personnel when travelling without legal documentation
In addition to the Chibok abductions, Boko Haram fighters abducted more than 300 children from Zanna Mobarti Primary School in Damasak in March 2015 after Chadian forces expelled them from the northern Borno town. And on February 19, 2018, in a brazen operation reminiscent of the Chibok school attack, insurgents abducted 110 schoolgirls from the Government Girls Science and Technical College, in Dapchi, Yobe State.
ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: voluntary relocation  ( 38% ) , improved security  ( 11% ) , fear of attack  ( 4% ) , military operation  ( 20% )  and poor living conditions  ( 27% ) .
Since the conflict between Nigerian security forces and armed opposition groups  ( AOGs )  escalated in 2013, more than two million individuals have been displaced.1 Most were displaced within Borno State, particularly to urban centres in accessible Local Government Areas  ( LGAs ) . The humanitarian response is challenged by information gaps including, but not limited to, a lack of clarity on the security environment in inaccessible areas outside of urban centres, clarity on the availablility of services and persons' access to services in accessible locations and the varying vulnerabilites of beneficiaries.
Increased security incidents, involving armed conflict, civil unrest and terrorism. • Attacks on commercial convoys along Dikwa Ngala road have frequently been reported. The trend is expected to remain unchanged until mid July 2019 when the road will become impassable as a result of the rainy season
Violent crime, banditry, killings and attacks on villages triggered large scale displacement in Katsina and Zamfara states, and across the border towards Niger.
The major protection risks experienced by beekeepers are:  Attack/Kidnapping by NSAGs. In fact, attack and kidnapping by NSAGs was presented as one of the main protection risks reported by the different groups, as in most cases to get good honey harvest the beekeepers have to site the hive in the bush, far from, the secured locations.  Theft of hives and their products.  Bush burning.  Assault, especially sexual assault for youth female and young girls while marketing or selling their products.
o Ten  ( 10 )  new cases were reported from 31st October to 8th November, 2019 from Yola North, Yola South and Girei LGAs. o Total case count now stands at 818 with 4 deaths. CFR=0.495%
Maiduguri M.C: 270 arrivals were recorded in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council  ( MMC )  LGA of Borno state. These include 222 arrivals from Sojiri ward of Konduga LGA, 32 arrivals from Yau ward and 16 arrivals from Mallafatori ward of Abadam LGA of Borno state. 79% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due the ongoing conflict while 21% was due to fear of attack.
Konduga: 555 arrivals were recorded in Konduga LGA of Borno state. All the arrivals were from Mile 3 in Baga ward of Kukawa LGA of Borno State. 41% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated voluntarily while 59% was due to fear of attack.
A much greater proportion of Nigerian potential migrants reported facing challenges on the personal  ( 90.0% ) , household  ( 81.5% ) , and community  ( 41.6% )  levels. At the personal level, the primary challenges included insufficient income levels ( 48.2% ) , unemployment  ( 34.3% ) , as well as financial problems and debt  ( 6.96% ) . Financial problems and debt  ( 37.9% ) and lack of sufficient income  ( 22.8% )  reappeared as secondary challenges on the personal level
Within the period of 22 28 April 2019, a total of 2,770 movements were recorded, including 2,226 arrivals and 544 departures. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Chibok, Dikwa, Gwoza, Jere, Kaga, Mafa, Maiduguri, Mobbar, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  of Borno state and locations in Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Mayo Belwa, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa state. Departures were recorded at Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state, Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan and Yola North LGAs of Adamawa state
In Nigerian society as a whole, child begging is widespread. Victims of child begging also include children with disabilities, who are lured into the major cities. Poverty, conflict and displacement in the north, as well as reluctance or sheer negligence by the Federal Government to act on this issue, are other contributory factors.
Within the period of 01   09 April 2019, a total of 2,893 movements were recorded, including 2,550 arrivals and 343 departures. Arrivals were recorded at locatins in Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Dikwa, Gwoza, Jere, Konduga, Mafa, Maiduguri, Mobbar and Ngala Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  of Borno state and locations in Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Mayo Belwa, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa state. Departures were recorded at Askira/Uba and Chibok LGAs of Borno state, Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Hong, Maiha, Michika and Numan LGAs of Adamawa state
Gwoza: 349 arrivals were recorded in Gwoza LGA of Borno state. These include 215 arrivals from Marwa and 2 arrivals from Mazagwa in Cameroon, 5 arrivals from Daware ward of Fufore LGA and 3 arrivals from Girei ward of Girei LGA of Adamawa state. Furthermore, the arrivals include 57 from Shehuri ward, 44 from Banki ward and 23 from Darajamal ward of Bama LGA of Borno State. 68% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions while 43% of the new arrivals voluntarily relocated.
4.2 million Children in need of humanitarian assistance  ( Humanitarian Response Plan, 2019 )  7.1 million People in need of humanitarian assistance in the northeast states of Borno, Adamawa & Yobe  ( HRP, 2019 )  6.1 million People targeted in the northeast states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe  ( HRP, 2019 )  1.76 million Internally displaced people in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe states  ( IOM DTM Round XXIV, January 2019 )
There were 106 suspected cases of Yellow Fever  ( YF )  reported from 51 LGAs in 20 states and FCT. None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded.
Since the beginning of the year, the ETS has provided Internet connectivity services to over 2,300 humanitarians from 76 organisations at the hubs deployed across North East Nigeria.
April 24: The Nigerian Air Force killed "some"  ( estimated at five )  Boko Haram militants in Gwoza, Borno. April 24: Gunmen killed three policemen and one community chief in Oyigbo, Rivers; two of the assailants were also killed April 25: Two Chinese construction workers were kidnapped in Ohaozara, Ebonyi. April 25: Gunmen kidnapped two Shell workers and killed their two police escorts in Emuoha, Rivers. April 25: Gunmen killed a bus driver and kidnapped all approximately, thirty passengers, in Emuoha, Rivers. April 25: Nigerian troops killed four bandits in Shinkafi, Zamfara.
February 2: Election related violence resulted in one death in Sagbama, Bayelsa. February 2: Election related violence resulted in two deaths in Ibarapa Central, Oyo. February 2: Nigerian soldiers killed four Boko Haram militants in Abadam, Borno. January 27–February 3: Reporting on the week's activities, Nigerian troops claimed to have killed nine bandits in and around Birnin Magaji, Zamfara. February 4: Nigerian troops inflicted "heavy casualties"  ( estimated at twenty )  on Boko Haram in Yunusari, Yobe. February 4: Bandits killed one and kidnapped one in Gusau, Zamfara. February 4: Bandits killed fourteen and abducted six  ( who were later freed )  in Gusau, Zamfara.
A total of 35 new suspected cases were reported from Adamawa State with no new death in October  There is a 38% decline in cases reported in Adamawa in October 2019 compared to September 2019  Twenty eight samples were collected and tested using Rapid Diagnostic Test  ( RDT )  kit. Of the samples tested, 14 were positive  As at 31st October, 2019, a total of 1583 suspected cases, xx confirmed cases and 22 deaths among suspected cases ( CFR = 1.38% )  have been reported from seven States  ( Adamawa, Bayelsa, Ebonyi, Delta, Kano, Katsina and Plateau )  since the beginning of 2019
May 16: Boko Haram killed five in Madagali, Adamawa. May 16: Boko Haram killed thirteen in Ceilia, Chad. May 16: Sectarian violence led to three deaths in Donga, Taraba. May 16: Bandits killed eleven in Kankara, Katsina.
Lagos, 26 June, 2019  All six States in the South West Zone have completed the ‘2nd Outbreak Response'  ( OBR2 )  to the circulating Vaccine. Derived Polio Virus  ( cVDPV2 )  with varying degrees of success. The exercise, implemented on 15 – 24 June, was in response to confirmed reports by the Lagos State Government of environmental strains of Polio Virus in Makoko, Itire and Maracana canals, as well as in Imeko Afon LGA of Ogun State.
Thirty four  ( 34 )  new cases reported from 20th to 24 th June, 2019 from the 3 LGAs bringing total case count to 125 o No new death reported within the reporting period  ( CFR=0.8% ) . o Three  ( 3 )  new wards are affected. Total number of wards that reported at least one suspected case are 14
In one of the most violent incidents, in October 2018 soldiers opened fire on large groups of Shia protesters in Abuja, killing at least 42 IMN members during three days of protests, according to the group.Human Rights Watch confirmed that at least 21 people were fatally shot during the violence in Karu, Abuja on October 29.
According to the June 2019 ‘'Cadre Harmonisé'' analysis update, about 2.97 million people were estimated to be in need of food assistance from June to August 2019, with a significant decrease from the 3.70 million food insecure people in June August 2018.
Northwest and central states of Nigeria impacted by the farmer/herder, banditry, and communal conflict: The insecurity in the central and northwest states also persists. Conflict related to farmer/pastoralist and communal conflicts are limited to localized areas and are taking place in the central states including Taraba, Benue, Plateau, Niger, and Kaduna states. Kidnapping, armed banditry, and cattle rustling are common in Katsina, Zamfara, and Sokoto states.
Fifty two  ( 52 )  new cases reported from 17 th July to 22nd July, 2019 from the 4 affected LGAs  ( Yola North, Yola South, Girei and Song )  bringing total case count to 377. One new death reported within the reporting period  ( CFR=1.06% ) . o No new ward affected. Total number of wards which reported at least one suspected case still stands at 17.
During 2019, 7.1 million Nigerians will require some form of humanitarian assistance in the most affected states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe, with women and children comprising 80 per cent. This represents a decrease of 600,000 people in need compared to 2018, attributed to the ongoing delivery of assistance, improved security conditions, and favorable climatic conditions.
The conflict has taken a major toll on the health care system and exacerbated already fragile health services in the region, characterized by the lack of community awareness and sensitization on safe health and hygiene practices. The revitalization and strengthening of the health system is vital: two thirds of health facilities in the BAY states have been damaged by the conflict.
Emergency shelter needs have increased in a context of continued large scale displacement. Some 96 per cent of IDPs in camps in need of emergency shelters are living in selfmade/makeshift shelters, mainly in Ngala, Damboa, Dikwa, Jere, Konduga, Jere, Magumeri, Nganzai and Monguno LGAs in Borno State. In most sites  ( 60 70 per cent ) , shelters need to be urgently upgraded or replenished, as a result of the short lifespan of shelters and continuous fluid population movements.
At least 867 primary, junior and senior secondary schools are still non functional across the north east, primarily in Borno State, mainly due to inaccessibility as a result of insecurity. In addition, the destruction and/or looting of nearly 1,400 schools  ( out of 5,600 primary, junior and senior secondary schools )  has created an acute need for safe and protective learning spaces and resulted in overcrowding in existing schools.
The reporting period witnessed high levels of population movement, with a total of 28,433 new arrivals and 6,884 departures in Borno and Adamawa states. Movements were attributed to ongoing conflict, military operations, fear of attack and voluntary relocation2 . This month's movements include 2,652 persons returning from Cameroon  ( which accounts for over 70 per cent of the total figure at 2,014 individuals ) , Niger  ( 597 individuals )  and Chad  ( 41 individuals ) .
As at epi week 18, 2019, 34 new suspected cases were reported: Cross River {17}, Sokoto {5},Jigawa {5}, Niger {4} Zamfara {2} and Kebbi {1}  Beginning from 1 st October, 2018 to 12th May, 2019, a total of 891 suspected cases have been reported from 15 states.
The attack happened on Saturday evening when a large number of jihadists stormed Magumeri, some 50 kilometres  ( 30 miles )  north of the Borno state capital, Maiduguri.The town and surrounding area have been attacked before by fighters from the Islamic State group supported factional leader of Boko Haram, Abu Mus'ab al Barnawi. In July, at least 69 people   most of them soldiers and civilian militia members   were killed in an ambush on a heavily armed convoy escorting an oil exploration team.
A video released on Wednesday, July 24 in the evening shows the female Action Against Hunger staff member alongside five companions  ( drivers and health workers engaged in a humanitarian program run by Action Against Hunger in Damasak region, Borno State )  apparently in good health condition.Action Against Hunger strongly requests that our staff member and her companions be released.They are humanitarians and health workers and they chose to dedicate their lives to support the most vulnerable communities in Nigeria. They were only in pursuit of solidarity, humanity and neutrality.Their abduction fully contradicts International Humanitarian Law and internationally recognized standards for the protection of humanitarian workers and organizations.
July 6: The Nigerian Air Force killed "several"  ( estimated at ten )  ISWAP  ( Boko Haram )  militants in Bakassi, Borno. July 7: Gunmen killed six in Kankara, Katsina. July 8: Nigerian troops killed one bandit in Birnin Gwari, Kaduna.
Concerning nutrition conditions persist in the northeast. According to a late 2018 assessment conducted by the Government of Nigeria, the UN World Food Program  ( WFP ) , and the UN Children's Fund  ( UNICEF ) , nearly 11 and 13 percent of children ages five years and younger in Borno and Yobe, respectively, are acutely malnourished, representing high acute malnutrition levels per UN guidelines. In Adamawa, approximately seven percent of children are acutely malnourished, signifying a medium level of acute malnutrition.
The total number of cases reported as at 5 th July, 2019 stands at 213, with 3 death  ( CFR=1.41% ) . Yola North has 113 cases with 2 deaths  ( CFR= 1.77% ) ; Girei has 93 cases with 1 deaths  ( CFR= 1.08% )  and Yola South has 7 cases with 0 death  ( CFR= 0% ) . So far, 61 samples yielded growth typical of Vibrio cholerae on culture and results of 7 isolates from the reference laboratory revealed 01 serotype
In the reporting week 26, no new health care worker was affected. A total of eighteen health care workers have been infected since the onset of the outbreak in nine States – Edo  ( 7 ) , Ondo  ( 3 ) , Ebonyi  ( 2 ) , Enugu  ( 1 ) , Rivers  ( 1 ) , Bauchi  ( 1 )  Benue  ( 1 ) , Plateau  ( 1 )  and Kebbi ( 1 )  with two deaths in Enugu and Edo States  Eight  ( 8 )  patients are currently being managed at various treatment centres across the country: Irrua Specialist TeachingHospital ( ISTH ) treatment Centre  ( 4 )  and Federal Medical Centre, Owo  ( 4 )
Twenty two  ( 22 )  States  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, FCT, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta, Oyo, Kebbi, Cross River and Zamfara )  have recorded at least one confirmed case across 83 Local Government Areas   Figure 1  92% of all confirmed cases are from Edo ( 36% ) , Ondo ( 29% ) , Ebonyi ( 8% ) , Bauchi ( 7% ) , Taraba ( 7% )  and Plateau ( 6% )  states   Predominant age group affected is 21 40 years  ( Range: >1 month to 97 years, Median Age: 38 years )     The male to female ratio for confirmed cases is 1.2:1
The crisis currently affecting the Lake Chad Basin states results from a complex combination of factors, including conflict with NonState Armed Groups, extreme poverty, underdevelopment and a changing climate, which together have triggered significant displacement of populations. As of 17 June 2019, Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria were hosting an estimated 4,582,379 affected individuals made up of Internally Displaced Persons  ( IDPs ) , Refugees  ( both in  and out of camp ) , Returnees  ( Former IDPs and Returnees from abroad )  and Third Country Nationals  ( TCNs ) . 80 per cent of the affected population  ( representing 3,662,832 individuals )  were located in Nigeria, while 10 per cent resided in Cameroon  ( 475,817 individuals ) , 5 per cent in Niger  ( 248,887 individuals )  and 4 per cent in Chad  ( 194,843 individuals )
July 13: Bandits killed ten in Safana, Katsina. July 13: Sectarian violence led to two deaths in Abi, Cross River. July 13: Gunmen killed two in Obio/Akpor, Rivers.
Gwoza: 208 arrivals and 1 departure were recorded in Gwoza LGA of Borno state. These include 61 arrivals from Darajamal and Chongolo wards of Bama LGA, 5 arrivals from Chikde ward of Gwoza LGA, 3 arrivals from Maisandari ward of Maiduguri LGA and 111 arrivals from Marwa in Cameroon. Other arrivals include 9 from Taraba LGA of Taraba state and 19 arrivals from Mubi south and Madagali LGAs of Adamawa state. The only departure was from Lamurde ward of Mubi south LGA of Admawa state. 97% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions and 3% was due to the ongoing conflict while the departure was voluntary.
 The National Emergency Operations Centre for Cerebrospinal Meningitis is coordinating national response activities  States in the meningitis belt were formally placed on alert on the 8th of November 2018  As at epi week 15, 2019, 14 new suspected cases were reported.
The crisis continues to cause new displacement of refugees and IDPs. Security considerations should be addressed in a manner which also ensures access to protection by displaced persons. In all affected countries, concerns have been raised since the start of the crisis with regard to incidents and risk of refoulement, whether in the form of border closures, forced returns or induced returns.
HART partners are located in Jos, the capital of Plateau state; and Bari, south of Kano state capital. Middle Belt of Nigeria. Their disputes were initially driven by socio economic factors like land and cattle, but have grown to have a religious and ideological undertone. Aside from the direct death toll, these two major conflicts have resulted in a tragic litany of secondary issues  ( that stem off the displacement of people from their homes )  such as food insecurity, malnutrition, and loss of religious freedoms.
Clashes between the Nigerian military and Boko Haram in December 2018 and January 2019 in the town of Rann, eight kilometres from the border with Cameroon, forced around 40,000 people to flee across the border. Research participants reported similar movements in other border areas: “We started to hear gunfire from all sides and then we ran into Fotokol in Cameroon', said Emmanuel from the town of Gamboru.
May 14: The Islamic State  ( Boko Haram )  killed twenty eight Nigerien soldiers in Tillaberi, Niger. May 14: Bandits abducted eight and killed two in Maru, Zamfara. May 14: Gunmen killed twenty in Kankara, Katsina. May 15: Sectarian violence led to three deaths in Wukari, Taraba
Kala/Balge: 243 departures were recorded in Kala/Balge LGA of Borno State. The 243 departures were from Rann “A' ward. The departures were all due to poor living conditions resulting from the flooding of farmlands caused by the overflow of a nearby Cameroonian river, which had a serious impact on farm produce and livelihood.
Kaga: 91 arrivals were recorded in Kaga LGA of Borno state. These include 56 arrivals from Auno/Chabbol and 35 from Jakana ward of Konduga LGA. The new arrivals all relocated due to the ongoing conflict.
Numan: 26 arrivals and 54 departures were recorded in Numan LGA of Adamawa state. These include 10 arrivals from Gyawana ward in Lamurde LGA, 9 from Gwadabawa and 7 from Jambutu ward of Yola North LGA of Adamawa state. 20 departures from Gamdio ward of Numan LGA, 18 from Lafiya ward of Lamurde LGA and 16 from Dong ward of Demsa LGA of Adamawa state. 54% of the IDPs reported to have relocated due to improved securities, 13% due to poor living conditions and 34% relocated voluntarily. The departures were all voluntary.
Twenty three  ( 23 )  new cases reported from 29th July to 31 stJuly, 2019 from the 3 LGAs  ( Yola North, Yola South and Girei )  bringing total case count to 457. o No new death reported within the reporting period  ( CFR=0.87 % ) . o No new ward affected. Total number of wards which reported at least one suspected case still stands at 17. o Song LGA has not reported a new case in 3 weeks
The rainy season has not been so kind to the internally displaced persons in the North east of Nigeria especially across the 3 Bay states of Borno , Yobe and Adamawa. The intensive, destructive and stormy rains have left IDP camps flooded, disease prone, rendered roads impassable, reduced accessibility, increased shelter/ NFIs damages and induce further displacements. Out of the 136 camp sites in which CCCM activities are carried out, 75 camp sites have been identified as being high flood prone sites in the rain season with more than 9,518 shelters being damaged and affecting 56,705 individual since the rains started in late April.
September 2: The PDP national youth leader was kidnapped in Awgu, Enugu. September 2: Sectarian violence led to one death in Birnin Kudu, Jigawa. September 3: Nigerian police killed one protester in Ibeju/Lekki, Lagos.
The joint efforts of the health partners have enabled mobile medical teams to deliver services to over 1.2 million people in 2019 and ongoing collaborations continue to increase this number. The expansion of mobile health interventions is essential to the provision of essential and primary health care services in this active armed conflict context. An estimated 300,000 people in hard to reach settlements across the three states Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states remain unreached and this number is expected to increase in the coming months.
Shelleng: 593 arrivals and 700 departures were recorded in Shelleng LGA of Adamawa State. The arrivals include 243 from Jambo and were tracked in Anguwan Kambari of Kiri ward and 350 from Wuro Yanka ward. The 700 departures were from Kiri ward. The arrivals and departures were all due to flood.
In more than 80% of the schools, there was notable lack of toilet facilities  ( latrines in the schools are uncompleted and unused, this means that there is open defecation around the bushes in the school environment )  and in all the schools there are no water points/boreholes.
 On 22 August, twenty five families of 134 Nigerian refugees voluntarily returned from Cameroon to Adamawa State. At the transit centre, they were provided with return packages, consisting of cash and NonFood Items  ( NFIs ) , communication facilities, and six months' worth of food allowance. Three days later, convoys brought the returnees to their respective areas of origin, where they have been warmly received. They will be assisted to reintegrate by the heads of their local communities. UNHCR and partners shall conduct follow up monitoring visits to ensure a sustainable reintegration of the returnees in their communities.
Prior to the floods, the Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency  ( NIHSA ) , a Federal Government Agency under the Federal Ministry of Water Resources released its annual flood outlook in July, detailing that, seventy four  ( 74 )  LGAs in 30 States in Nigeria are likely to experience severe flooding between July to September 2019.
October 12: Robbers killed five in Onitsha North, Anambra. October 12: Robbers killed a policeman and four others in Ilorin East, Kwara
Four  ( 4 )  new cases reported on the 3rd September, 2019 from Yola North, Yola South and Girei. No new case from Song LGA. o Total case count now stands at 715 with 4 deaths. CFR=0.56% o No new settlement or ward has been infected. 20 settlements are still the ones reporting new suspected cases
May 19: Cultists killed twenty in Khana, Rivers. May 19: Gunmen killed one and kidnapped two in Igabi, Kaduna. May 19: Gunmen kidnapped ffiteen in Birnin Gwari, Kaduna.
• Nigeria is currently responding to an outbreak of yellow fever, in people who are either resident in, or have visited Alkaleri Local Government Area  ( LGA )  in Bauchi since the 1st of August 2019 • Suspected and confirmed cases with an epidemiological link to Bauchi have been reported in Borno, Kano, Gombe and Katsina states • The first confirmed case was reported on the 29th of August, in a case from Kano who had visited Yankari Game Reserve, Alkaleri LGA, Bauchi in August 2019 • Of the cases with an epidemiological link to Bauchi, current epi summary is as follows: o 169 suspected cases o 10 presumptive positives cases  ( IgM positive on serology )  o 15 confirmed cases by RT PCR o 23 deaths o 5 states affected
Child/Forced Marriage were reported in Bama, Monguno, Ngala MMC and Jere LGAs; Young girls are forced to marry at an early age to avoid being abducted and forced to marry members of the NSAG or their parent killed for giving out a grown up girl in marriage.  Young girls are exposed to risk of sexual exploitation and abuse through child labour, street hawking and begging
Field assessments were carried out during the month of March 2018 to ascertain the water supply situation on ground in Gwoza. Gwoza is been served presently by a number of boreholes in various part of the town. There is no centralized system that caters for the town as there is no reticulation or pipelines. The individual boreholes are fixed with taps from which people fetch water for their use.
The nutrition situation in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa States continue to face a critical nutrition situation, with the global acute malnutrition  ( GAM )  rates of 10 20%  ( the global emergency threshold is 15% )  in many of the LGAs.
February 23: Boko Haram attacked Maiduguri, Borno, killing one soldier. February 23: Boko Haram attacked Geidam, Yobe. There were no reported casualties. February 23: One soldier and six civilians were killed in election related violence in Akuku Toru, Rivers. February 23: Four were killed in election related violence in Andoni, Rivers. February 23: Bandits killed the APC ward chairman in Chafe, Zamfara. February 23: Three were killed in election related violence in Sapele, Delta. February 23: One was killed in election related violence in Ibadan, Oyo. February 23: Election related violence resulted in one death in Dekina LGA and one death in Igalamela Odolu LGA in Kogi. February 23: An election official was killed in Degema, Rivers. February 23: Soldiers killed two in Southern Ijaw, Bayelsa. February 23: Gunmen abducted ten corps members in Abak LGA, four in Itu LGA, and four in Ikono LGA in Akwa Ibom. February 23: The Nigerian Air Force killed "several"  ( estimated at five )  Boko Haram militants in Mobbar, Borno.
The prevalence of acute malnutrition based on MUAC among children 6 to 59 months is shown in Table 10. At the State level, the prevalence of acute malnutrition by MUAC  ( <12.5 cm )  rates were highest in Yobe  ( 5.6 percent )  followed by Borno  ( 5.1 percent )  and Adamawa  ( 1.7 percent )  while the SAM proxy prevalence  ( MUAC < 11.5 cm )  was highest in Borno  ( 2.2 percent ) . At the domain level, the prevalence of acute malnutrition by MUAC  ( <12.5 cm )  was highest in Northern Borno  ( 10.2 percent ) . When disaggregated by sex, the prevalence of acute malnutrition was higher among girls than boys in all domains except Central Borno A and Northern Yobe A. While MUAC and WHZ are different indicators for identifying different children as acutely malnourished, they both suggest a similar finding – the rates of acute malnutrition are higher in Borno and Yobe relative to Adamawa.
The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  and the National Primary Health Care Development Agency  ( NPHCDA )  have continued to support the response to an outbreak of yellow fever among residents and recent visitors to Alkaleri Local Government Area  ( LGA )  in Bauchi State. Since the confirmation of the first case of yellow fever linked to Alkaleri LGA on the 29th of August 2019, there have been 15 laboratory confirmed cases of yellow fever, from 169 clinically suspected cases as at the 11th of September 2019. Further testing of samples is going on at the NCDC National Reference Laboratory, Abuja.
November 25: Election related violence resulted in four deaths in Burutu, Delta. November 25: Gunmen killed five and abducted five children in Karim Lamido, Taraba. November 25: Kidnappers killed one policeman and abducted three Chinese expatriates in Atakumosa West, Osun. November 25: Gunmen killed two policemen and kidnapped seven people in Mubi South, Adamawa. November 25: Kidnappers abducted thirteen and killed one in Sabon Gari, Kaduna.
in Adagom, refugees have raised their serous concerns and challenges on health sector, such as not easy to access to primary healthcare at the health post; lack of in patient care at the health facilities during admission; inadequate drugs at the health post; and inconsistent/irregular immunization of refugee children.
Departures include 292 from Jambutu ward of Yola North LGA, 529 departures from Girei I and Modire/Vinikilang wards of Girei LGA, 500 departures from Digil and Lamurde wards of Mubi South LGA, 465 departures from Namtari and Bole Yolde Pate wards of Yola South LGA, 105 departures from Song Waje ward of Song LGA, 84 departures from Mayo Nguli aand Sorau A wards of Maiha LGA, 50 departures from Kwarhi ward of Hong LGA. Other departures are from Borno state and they include, 36 departures from Pulka ward of Gwoza LGA, 19 departures from Soye ward of Bama LGA and 17 departures from Wamdeo/Rumirgo ward of Askira/Uba LGA. 78% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to fear of attack, 5% due to poor living conditions while 16% was due to improved security. 97% of the departure was due to fear of attack, 1% due to poor living conditions, 2% due to improved security while 1% relocated voluntarily.
February 12: The Islamic State claimed to have killed forty two in an attack on Governor Shettima's convoy in Ngala, Borno. February 12: Nigerian troops killed eleven Boko Haram militants and lost one soldier and one civilian in Madagali, Adamawa. February 12: Herdsmen killed two in Ndokwa West, Delta. February 13: Herdsmen killed one and abducted a cleric in Udi, Enugu. February 14: Customs officials killed five smugglers in Jibia, Katsina. February 14: Three were killed during a clash between APC and People's Democratic Party  ( PDP )  supporters at a rally in Yola, Adamawa. February 15: Gunmen killed an aide to the Delta State Governor in Uvwie, Delta. February 15: Boko Haram killed seven Nigerien soldiers while Nigerien troops killed "several"  ( estimated at five )  Boko Haram militants in Chetima Wanou, Niger. February 15: Gunmen killed six in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni, two in Ikwerre, and one police officer in Obio/Akpor, Rivers. February 15: Two were killed by security operatives when they broke into an Independent National Electoral Commission  ( INEC )  office in Obot Akara, Akwa Ibom.
KATSINA No fewer than five persons were, yesterday, feared dead after a clash between officers of the Nigeria Customs Service, NCS, and smugglers in a village in Kastina State. The incident, which took place between Mil Takwas village and Agangaro, the North West farms along Jibia Katsina Road, Katsina State, was said to have left several others with various degrees of injuries. However, when contacted, NCS's spokesperson, Theophilus Duniya, said nobody was killed during the incident, except that two of his officers were injured by the smugglers and are receiving treatment at the command's clinic.
1. AFP 1.1 As at February 3 2019, no new case of WPV was recorded1.2 In the reporting week, 164 suspected cases of AFP were reported from 133 LGAs in 32 States and FCT 1.3 Between week 1 and 5  ( 2019 ) , 549 suspected cases of AFP were reported from 33 LGAs in 36 states and FCT 2.1 In the reporting week, 22 suspected Cerebrospinal Meningitis  ( CSM )  cases were reported from 14 LGAs in six States ( Borno – 2, Jigawa – 1, Katsina – 11, Sokoto – 1, Yobe   2 & Zamfara – 5 )  compared with 51 suspected cases with three laboratory confirmed and one death  ( CFR, 2.0% )  reported across 27 LGAs  ( 12 States )  at the same period in 2018  ( Figure 1 )  2.2 Between weeks 1 and 5  ( 2019 ) , 147 suspected meningitis cases with six laboratory confirmed and seven deaths  ( CFR, 4.76% )  from 65 LGAs  ( 17 States )  were reported compared with 416 suspected cases with 56 Laboratory confirmed and 25 deaths  ( CFR, 6.0% )  from 102 LGAs in 23 states during the same period in 2018
28 December 2018 – 8 January 2019: More than 18,500 new arrivals from Kukawa LGA were registered in Teachers Village in 12 days, the vast majority from Baga town. Humanitarian partners began responding to the urgent assistance and protection needs of new arrivals. 11 January 2019 – 27 February 2019:Newly displaced people from Baga town continued to arrive in Teachers Village, yet at a slower rate than at the peak of the influx. In this six week period, an additional 2,300 new arrivals were registered, bringing the total number of new arrivals in Teachers Village to 22,414 people. Thousands of IDPs who fled to Teachers Village are still sleeping out in the open.
5 MEASLES 5.1 In the reporting week, 1104 suspected cases of measles with nine laboratory confirmed and two deaths  ( CFR, 0.18% )  were reported from 34 states compared with 434 suspected cases and four deaths  ( CFR,0.92% )  reported from 35 states during the same period in 2018. 5.2 Since the beginning of the year, 3723 suspected measles cases with 305 laboratory confirmed and six deaths  ( CFR, 0.16% )  were reported from 36 states and FCT compared with 1943 suspected cases and 20 deaths  ( CFR, 1.03 % )  from 36 States and FCT, during the same period in 2018
In the reporting week 27  ( 1 st – 7 th July, 2019 )  twelve new confirmed cases were reported from three states – Edo ( 5 ) , Ondo ( 6 )  and Kebbi ( 1 )  states, three new deaths from Edo ( 2 )  and Ondo ( 1 )  states  From 1 st January to 7th July, 2019, a total of 2959 suspected cases have been reported from 22 states. Of these, 615 were confirmed positive, 17 probable and 2327 negative  ( not a case )
The largest outbreak thus far has affected 16 states in Nigeria. The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  declared an outbreak of Lassa fever on 22 January 2019. The 213 confirmed cases to date, including 42 deaths, mark a significant increase – already a third of the total cases for all of last year, when Nigeria experienced its worst outbreak of Lassa fever. Four health workers have been infected so far in this latest outbreak. A total of 12 cases have been confirmed to date in Benin, Guinea, Liberia and Togo, including two deaths, with more suspected cases being investigated.
May 18: Bandits killed seventeen in Birnin Magaji, Zamfara. May 18: Herdsmen killed one and abducted seven in Ovia North, Edo. May 18: Bandits killed one and abducted six in Toto, Nassarawa. May 18: Boko Haram killed twelve in Konduga, Borno. May 18: Sectarian violence led to eleven deaths in Yagba West, Kogi.
The Kano FMP monitors cross border flows of migrants between Nigeria and Niger. The Kano FMP  ( Kofar Ruwa Park and Yankaba Park )  has been collecting data since March 2017, covering two migratory routes in Dala and Nasarawa Local Government Areas in Kano state. Six enumerators, three in each location, carry out the task of monitoring flows travelling through the FMP. Results show that the daily average number of individuals observed in September 2019 at the Kano FMP Point was 1,061, this represents 1 per cent increase compared to August 2019. In September, Zinder  ( 51% ) , Maradi  ( 38% )  and Diffa  ( 7% )  in Niger, Ndjamena  ( 3% )  in Chad and Centre  ( 1% )  in Cameroon were the regions of departure for travellers passing through Kano, whereas Zinder  ( 55% ) , Maradi  ( 34% )  and Diffa  ( 7% )  in Niger, Ndjamena  ( 3% )  in Chad and Centre  ( 1% )  in Cameroon were the regions of intended destination of observed flows.
Domestic violence at distribution centres resulting from the way organizations selects beneficiaries. To mitigate this, every POC should get one CRI kit.  Women complained of arbitrary arrest/detention on account of suspicion of association with NSAG was highlighted during focus group discussions, especially in Pulka, Gwoza Dalori I, Dalori II and Muna Garage camps, with IDPs stating that since the arrests, they have not heard from the detainees.
DTM assessments identified 540,049 IDPs  ( 88,631 households )  across the eight states covered in North Central and North West Nigeria. This represents a 74 per cent increase in the number of displaced individuals identified in Round 1  ( 309,755 ) . This growth may be partially explained by the significant increase in coverage of DTM assessments, which quintupled between Rounds 1 and 2  ( from 129 to 630 wards assessed ) . The share of IDPs living in the two zones is fairly equal, with 51 percent of IDPs  ( 277,327 )  residing in North Central and 49 per cent  ( 262,722 )  displaced in North West.
Displacement in Zamfara, the state hosting the fourthlargest IDP population  ( 65,533 individuals, or 12% of IDPs ) , IDPs ) , is a result of violent crimes and banditry in the state, and in particular the kidnapping of travellers along major highways; attacks by herders on villages, during which herders steal or seize property and burn down villagers' homes; theft and robberies; and killings. Villagers in Zamfara are also victim of cattle rustling, whereby bandits raid villages to steal cattle by force; villagers who refuse to comply are often killed. Anka LGA, recorded the highest number of IDPs  ( 19,796, which is also the fourth highest number of IDPs of all affected LGAs )  followed by Maru LGA  ( 10,855 )  and Shinkafi LGA  ( 10,099 ) .
Askira/Uba: 3,716 arrivals and 311 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. These include 865 arrivals from Gatamarwa ward of Chibok LGA, 2851 from Kopa/Multhfu ward of Askira Uba LGA tracked at Uba and Lassa wards of the LGA. Also, there were 9 departures from Maisandari ward of Maiduguri Metropolitan Council  ( MMC )  of Borno state, 89 departures from Lamurde ward of Mubi South LGA, 70 departures from Damare ward of Girei LGA, 69 departures from Sorau A ward of Maiha LGA, 28 departures from Kwarhi ward of Hong LGA and 17 departures from Jambutu ward of Yola north LGA of Adamawa state. The new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict. 75% of the departures were due to poor living condi�ons, 22% due to the ongoing conflict while 9% was due to fear of a�ack.
Protection of women. In Pulka, the safety and protection of women, believed to be wives of suspected NSAG members, is increasingly compromised. They reportedly leave IDP camps in the middle of the night to meet with their husbands in the bush. Some of whom have been able to return safely to the IDP camps, while others have been intercepted by NSAG elements.
Two incidents of PBIED explosions were reported. Humanitarians were not targeted by both incidents. However, this continues to be a major threat to physical safety within the BAY states. • Increased frequency of looting of medical supplies from health facilities as well as assistance received by IDPs including other possessions, further exacerbating safety risks for medical facilities and protection concerns for the civilian population in IDP camps.
In the reporting week 47, no new health care worker was affected. A total of nineteen health care workers have been infected since the onset of the outbreak in ten States – Edo  ( 6 ) , Ondo  ( 4 ) , Ebonyi  ( 2 ) , Enugu  ( 1 ) , Rivers  ( 1 ) , Bauchi  ( 1 ) , Benue  ( 1 ) , Delta  ( 1 ) , Plateau  ( 1 )  and Kebbi  ( 1 )  with two deaths in Enugu and Edo States.  Twenty  ( 20 )  patients are currently being managed at various treatment centres across the country: Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital ( ISTH )  treatment Centre  ( 9 )  Federal Medical Centre, Owo  ( 9 )  and Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki  ( 1 ) .