nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
12,114 people have so far been supported with both poultry and home gardening material in the NWSW regions while about 800 people were supported with unconditional cash for food in the Donga Mantung, Ngo Ketunjia and Mezam divisions in the North West.
As of 31 March, Cameroon had reported 193 confirmed cases of COVID 19, with one of the confirmed cases in Limbe, in the SW region.
Some cluster activities have been temporarily suspended to prevent the spread of COVID 19 while life saving humanitarian activities continue.
En plus des pénuries alimentaires typiques qui accompagnent la période de soudure, la tendance actuelle des prix a une implication majeure sur la sécurité alimentaire actuelle des ménages pauvres de l'Extrême Nord, les exposant encore davantage à l'insécurité alimentaire de Stress  ( Phase 2 de l'IPC ) , avec quelques ménages en Crise  ( Phase 3 de l'IPC ) .
La capacité de réponse reste limitée et l'UNICEF a lancé un appel pour un montant supplémentaire de 1 250 000 dollars US afin d'augmenter la capacité de réponse multisectorielle.
Poor households typically rely on selling their own harvests of maize, cocoyam, beans and potatoes as a major source of income. In the current lean season, they are turning to small scale trade, selling charcoal and firewood, poultry farming and market gardening to tide them over until their stocks are replenished following the July harvest.
Fear of contracting COVID 19 is also forcing some displaced persons to return to their camps of origin.
Although the number of cases in Cameroon is expected to rise, the Government is likely to steadily lift the restrictions, and could fully reopen the country in the coming months. This could cause incidence of the disease to spike.
Economic conditions remain depressed on account of border closures and restrictions on non essential travel, leading to job losses and a decline in everyday income, and leaving poor households with reduced purchasing power.
Cameroon is among the epicenters of the COVID 19 pandemic in Central and West Africa, with 12,592 confirmed cases and 313 deaths as of June 29, 2020
Dans le Mayo Tsanaga, 7,227 nouveaux PDIs ont été enregistrés dont 4 895 dans l'arrondissement de Mokolo frontalier du Nigeria.
NRC apporte par exemple, un appui aux établissements primaires de Nguetchewe  ( Mayo Tsanaga ) , violemment frappé par une attaque de groupes armés le 1er août, sous forme de dotation en matériels didactiques, kits récréatifs et par la redynamisation des structures de gouvernance scolaires.
In May, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees  ( UNHCR )  recorded over 297,300 IDPs who had fled from Boko Haram attacks.
the prices of livestock for local consumption are higher than in previous months, since this is the time of year when working animals are purchased.
Fear of contracting the virus, social distancing measures and border closures are continuing to restrict the flow of rice, fish and other imported goods from Douala and Yaoundé to the rest of the country, as well as hindering the movement of locally produced food.
Plan International a assuré la désinfection des salles de classe du camp de réfugiés de Minawao et dans les écoles de la communauté autour du camp.
Selon les résultats de l'étude sur « L'analyse de la sécurité alimentaire et de la vulnérabilité à la pauvreté » menées par l'Université américaine de Beyrouth  ( AUB )  en collaboration avec le HCR et le PAM en 2018, plus de 80% sont considérés comme « extrêmement vulnérables ».
Les organisations humanitaires de leur côté évaluent les possibilités de transfert des activités alors en cours sur le site ; vers les quartiers de Kolofata où sont désormais concentrés les PDIs.
Les attaques contre les infrastructures et le personnel de santé, les écoles, les enseignants, les élèves et leurs parents se poursuivent.
Les revenus issus de la dernière campagne agricole restent inférieurs à la moyenne dans les régions anglophones en conﬂit, après quatre années consécutives de production inférieure à la moyenne.
En cas de symptômes :  ( 1 )  s'isoler jusqu'à ce qu'un test puisse être établi et  ( 2 )  d'appeler le 1510 qui enverra une EIIR ou indiquera au patient de se rendre dans un centre de santé.
Le taux d'inflation pour le premier trimestre 2020 est de 2,6 %, ce qui représente le taux le plus élevé depuis 2013.
Avec l'intensification des précipitations en juillet et août, l'accès humanitaire devient presque impossible dans le département du Logone et Chari.
Poor households began buying food in November, just four months after the start of the harvest. By contrast, in conflict free years, this gap is typically between 8 and 11 months.
Funding for a joint UNICEF  WFP nutrition proposal for the NWSW over 600,000 Euros  ( UNICEF – 200,000 Euros and WFP – 400,000 Euros )  has been approved.
OCHA is taking part together with the Health Cluster Coordinator in meetings organized by the COVID 19 NW Regional Task Force chaired by the Regional Delegates of Public Health and the Governor of NW while coordination support also continues in the SW
In April, a total of 50,486 individuals were reached through WASH services  ( excluding COVID 19 activities )  implemented by eleven WASH partners  ( ASWEDO, CAMGEW, CHAMEG, IVSPD, NRC, SHUMAS, SUDAHSER, CARITAS, Plan International, CBC and REACH OUT )  in the NWSW
43 vulnerable persons were referred to other humanitarian actors for suitable responses to their specific needs, while psychosocial support was provided to 59 vulnerable persons.
A total of 19,801 individuals benefitted from shelter/NFI kits distributed by DRC and NRC within the NWSW regions in the month of April.
Psychosocial support was provided to 681 beneficiaries by various humanitarian actors, including the clinical psychologists deployed by WHO in the NWSW.
IOM in its response to vulnerable IDP households in self settled situations assisted 743 individuals with both shelter and NFIs in Momo Division.
171 GBV actors, including health personnel, community mobilizers, community leaders and other humanitarian actors  ( 80% female )  received training and orientation on GBV prevention, referral pathways, case management and clinical management of rape.
Enhancing GBV case management skills of frontline workers is key to the healing process of survivors of GBV as well as their recovery and empowerment.
In the NWSW, OCHA is ensuring the humanitarian community supports the work of the Government of Cameroon in a transparent and coherent manner and in full respect of humanitarian principles.
Hence, several food security partners have been exploring the possibility of shifting to cash. The cash working group has engaged with the local government in the regions to ensure that partners shifting to cash do not face any bureaucratic challenges.
La croissance camerounaise de la dernière décennie reste non inclusive et ne réduit pas de manière significative la pauvreté ou les inégalités. D'importantes disparités régionales subsistent et la croissance ne crée pas d'emplois formels et décents.
Comme l'ont montré les conclusions de la phase 1 du plan de réponse socio économique au Cameroun, l'impact de la crise sanitaire touchera en premier lieu les ménages et groupes vulnérables, qui n'ont pas à leur disposition les outils nécessaires pour y faire face.
Dans un environnement ou les PME et les TPE représentent plus 99 % du tissus des entreprises, 34 % du PIB Global et totalisent près de 60 % de l'emploi, les effets du la pandémie représente un gros risque pour la stabilité économique et sociale, l'atteinte des objectifs de développement durables avec des risques d'aggravation d'inégalités et d'exclusion.
De même pour soutenir le plan d'intervention national, le SNU a mis à profit l'infrastructure, les actifs et l'expertise de sa chaîne d'approvisionnement existante dans le pays pour servir la communauté humanitaire au sens large, en fournissant l'épine dorsale logistique de la réponse à la crise COVID 19
Dès le début de la crise, le SNU déploie des mesures urgentes pour aider le Gouvernement à renforcer et permettre au système de santé de rester résilient, notamment à travers l'aide à la mise en place d'un centre nationale de coordination de la réponse sanitaire, l'identification, la prise en charge et le traitement rapide des cas avérés, l'acquisition du matériel médical d'urgence
Schools have been closed since 18 March to contain the spread of the COVID 19 pandemic.
Some 2,419 households received mosquito nets and 998 pregnant women received tetanus and diphtheria vaccines, out of which 812 received iron supplementation, and 144 received intermittent preventive treatment for malaria prevention.
Mass sensitization campaigns are ongoing in both regions to raise awareness and counter the widespread misinformation about COVID 19 in the regions.
Certaines études sur l'impact potentiel de la COVID  19 sur le VIH, la tuberculose et le paludisme dans les pays à faible revenu et à revenu intermédiaire conclut que dans les milieux à forte charge, les décès liés au VIH, à la tuberculose et au paludisme sur 5 ans risquent d'augmenter.
Ainsi, la CEA  ( 2020 )  estime que les pertes d'emplois sont importantes, en particulier dans le secteur informel où la protection de l'emploi est plus faible.
Les artefacts historiques, objets, matériaux d'importance culturelle, religieuse et historique qui abondent au Cameroun sont rassemblés dans 31 musées.
Plus de la moitié  ( 52% )  de la population vit en milieu urbain, notamment dans les deux grandes métropoles que sont Douala et Yaoundé
En effet, la déperdition des effectifs d'élèves observée du préscolaire au secondaire ces dernières années est liée entre autres à l'insécurité dans les régions du Nord Ouest et du Sud Ouest et les autres crises qui affectent le système éducatif.
Le niveau élevé des investissements publics et la baisse des prix du pétrole ont maintenu les déficits budgétaires dans une fourchette de 4 à 5 % du PIB entre 2010 et 2016.
En termes de communication, Il existe 3 opérateurs téléphoniques mobiles dans l'arrondissement de Zina : MTN, NEXTEL et Orange. Cependant, la couverture du réseau téléphonique reste partielle. Fortes perturbations sur le réseau sont courantes et peuvent durer des heures voir plus.
Human Interest Stories and External Media :Disseminated COVID 19 prevention messages and continued to feature UNICEF Somalia's response through social media platforms  ( Facebook, Instagram and Twitter ) . Social media activity also continued to showcase the crucial support of donors and partners
At least eight water pumps were also submerged and destroyed by the flood waters  [ by Deyr seasonal rains  ]
Shelter and Non Food Items  ( S NFI ) : Depending on the affected community's vulnerabilities, assets, capacities, and preferences, IOM provides identified populations with transitional shelters or more permanent structures through in kind and/or cash based intervention.
Between September and October, the Ministry of Education and Higher Education in Puntland has been working on the development of alternative learning contents for all grades. The Ministry of Education embarked on undertaking quality assurance and standards for the developed content for grade 6, 7 and 8. With the initial development of the grade 6,7 and 8 learning materials, the MoE has developed learning materials for lower grade subjects. It is also expected that once completed, this will complement the learning processes as schools re open.
DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX  ( DTM ) : During the reporting period, 7,058 people, entering and exiting Somalia, were reached. COVID 19 information was shared with 3,118  ( 44% )  individuals who reported to be unaware of the COVID 19 situation.
March saw a continued uptake in the number of cases of COVID 19 within Somalia. As of the end of the month there was a total of 11,504 positive cases with 537 deaths.
When the COVID 19 outbreak began, the country had no ventilators or intensive care unit beds in any of the public hospitals. As cases increased, WHO and other UN agencies – International Office of Migration, United Nations Population Fund and United Nations Development Programme – and other international partners rapidly scaled up support to establish isolation centres in all the main tertiary hospitals and equip them with ventilators, oxygen concentrators and other equipment to enhance the functioning of the intensive care units. We have also provided personal protective equipment for health care workers in all these hospitals.
International support is being mobilised for the Somalia COVID 19 Preparedness and Response Plan  ( CPRP )  that was launched on 23 April. The plan seeks US$689 million to respond to the direct public health and indirect immediate humanitarian and socio economic consequences of COVID 19.
WASH and Health partners have intensified AWD/Cholera prevention and response activities, increased training for private water operators to ensure safe water handling and strengthened coordination with state level Health and Water Resource Ministries
Measles vaccination, Vitamin A supplementation and household access to clean water and sanitation remain low in many rural livelihoods.
Reinforced complain and feedback mechanisms was also recommended. Some partners mentioned also the use of protection monitoring findings, such as findings of the Protection Monitoring System, and referrals to address any situation of systematic exclusion.
More than 9 million people are affected by poor WASH conditions in Somalia. The methodology used for the PIN calculation estimated that 3.8 WASH 2.7 million people are in severe  ( 2.5M )  and extreme  ( 0.2M )  need of humanitarian WASH assistance. There are no people in catastrophic need of WASH support, although it is anticipated that 0.7M people could be in acute life saving needs along the Shabelle and Juba river basins in case of above normal rainfall performance during the 2020 Gu' and Deyr rainy seasons.
Urgent treatment and nutrition support are required for about 849,900 children under the age of five years  ( total acute malnutrition burden ) , who will likely face acute malnutrition through August 2021, including 143 400 who are likely to be severely malnourished.
2020 Deyr season cereal production in southern Somalia is estimated at 78 600 tons, which is 20 percent below the 1995 2019 average. The main factors for below average production include: poor and erratic rainfall, recurrent flooding, Desert Locust, and conflict.
IOM continued to disseminate information to ensure IDPs are aware of the risks, signs and symptoms and mode of transmissions of COVID 19 and know the appropriate mitigation measures to reduce the risks. Awareness raising sessions were conducted at the information centres, marketplaces or during community meetings, with a highlight on how to practice physical distancing.
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Nutrition LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 56% for stress and lowest was 1% for no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per Nutrition LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 43% for stress and lowest was 4% for no or minimal.
This  ( Floods )  has triggered a sharp increase in the number of acute watery diarrhea and cholera cases in Somalia in which, as of mid  June, 4,437 confirmed cases have been reported. This year, the cases are significantly higher than the same period last year.
Schools continue with the phased reopening since August amidst challenges related to social distancing, physical space and prevention. According to Education Cluster Partners at least 900,000 face masks and 16,728 digital thermometers are needed to support the safe reopening of schools for the 900,000 children targeted under the COVID 19 Preparedness and Response Plan  ( CPRP ) .
Meanwhile, UNHCR, the Government and partners continue to facilitate safe and voluntary returns of Somali refugees  ( mainly residing in Kenya and Yemen )  to Somalia.
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Among households of IDP settlements with children , 10% households reporting having access to mobile nutrition team able to assess for malnutrition in the 6 months prior to data collection . While among households of non IDP settlements with children , 8% households reporting having access to mobile nutrition team able to assess for malnutrition in the 6 months prior to data collection.
In general, humanitarian access in rural areas of the South is low, but food assistance has reached less than 25 percent of the population in several districts, such as Bulo Burto of Hiiraan and Marka of Lower Shabelle, among others.
Terms of trade: Household purchasing capacity, as measured by terms of trade, is below average in most regions of the country. The labor to cereals terms of trade declined from October to December, largely due to decreased demand for agricultural labor during the recent below average deyr agricultural season as well as decreased labor demand during the crop marketing season for processing, transportation, and other market related activities. In addition, reduced economic activity in major towns – especially in the construction sector from the election related political stalemate – has also contributed to reduced wage rates.
Livestock still command a relatively higher price in the North, where supply is still below normal, compared to the South, where supply is relatively near normal. Despite high goat prices, poor households – especially in north central Somalia – have few goats to sell and total income is below average.
Protection: KIs from 81% of assessed settlements reported at least one type of protection incident that happened in the month preceding data collection. In those settlements, 29% reported the most commonly reported types of protection incidents was unofficial tax collection, 28% reported theft, 12% reported Conflict in settlement .
SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ] The main drivers of shelter & NFI LSGs were found to be Households without access to a safe and healthy housing enclosure unit  ( 30% ) , Households whose shelter solutions do not meet agreed technical and performance standards  ( 30% ) , Households without access to vital household NFIs  ( 67% ) .
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  98% of the household found with WASH living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 10% found to be very extremely severe, 40% extreme severe, 48% severe, 1% stress, 1% no or minimal.
Crop stages range from the vegetative stage in Bay, to establishment stages in Bakool, to maturation stages in parts of Lower Shabelle and Cowpea Belt Agropastoral livelihood zone.
From June to September, food security in northern Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral livelihood zone is expected to deteriorate to Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 ) .
While there has been no reported major COVID 19 outbreak, testing remains extremely limited and congestion and unsanitary conditions are risks for wide spread transmission.
Since 12 August, hygiene kits for 5,300 families and water trucking for 4,500 households have been initiated. Chlorination of community water points and household water treatment is ongoing. WASH actors have also devised a two phase intervention plan to manage the floods and mitigate disease outbreaks including disinfection of community water points and supply to the affected communities. Large scale hygiene promotion activities targeting some 150,000 people is taking place in the affected areas.
UNDP Somalia's Accelerator Lab in collaboration with the Institute of Innovation, Technology and Entrepreneurship, Harihub and Hanaqad, is facilitating a hackathon for at least 300 young Somalia innovators tasked with coming up with innovative solutions for the COVID 19 pandemic.
Health partners distributed 1,450 sample collection kits and transported more than 650 samples from inaccessible areas. At least 20 new health care facilities  ( HCFs )  were added to the Early Warning and Response Network  ( EWARN )  and 73 rapid response teams deployed for field investigation and sample collection.
The vulnerabilities caused from food insecurities have also increased largely to urban areas
Moreover, security has not improved having a direct impact on humanitarian interventions, and deliveries of supplies.
Five  ( 5 )  regions in Somalia reported cases: Banadir, Hiraan  ( Beletwanye, Buloburte Jalaqsi ) , Middle Shabelle  ( Jawhar ) , Lower Shabelle  ( Marka )  and Bay  ( Biadoa )  with Banadir leading number of infections. A large part of the AWD/Cholera cases are attributed to flooding outside of Banadir.
Sustained large scale humanitarian assistance to prevent further destitution and to protect the gains already made in enhancing access to food is required.
Cash and in kind values scaled up to more than 50 percent of monthly kilocalorie needs, delivered in two month distribution cycles in order to limit the risk of spreading COVID 19 among in kind recipients.
Livestock exports were better than forecast, with exports from Bossaso port rising 40 percent above exports during the same period of 2019 in March and April. In Berbera, exports increased by 14 percent.
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  The 100% households found to have an overall MSNI of 3 and above, this score was most commonly driven by extreme LSGs in WASH, Education, SNFI AND Nutrition  ( 21% ) , followed by WASH, SNFI, Nutrition and Protection  ( 10% ) , or WASH, Education, SNFI, Nutrition AND Food security  ( 9% ) .
Accordingly, a deterioration from Serious  ( IPC Phase 3 )  to Critical  ( IPC Phase 4 )  is expected among Galkacyo IDPs, Hawd Pastoral of northeast and central regions, rural Hiran  ( Beletweyne, Jalalaqsi, Buloburte and Mataban districts ) , Baidoa IDPs, Bay Agropastoral and Lower Juba Riverine.
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  85% of the household found with WASH living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 16% found to be very extremely+ severe, 25% extreme severe, 44% severe, 12% stress,3% no or minimal.
Health partners warn of risk of diarrhoea, vector borne diseases, respiratory tract infections and other communicable diseases rapidly spreading amongst the displaced population.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  66% of Households of IDP settlements have not been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection while 26% of Households of IDP settlements have been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection.
Between January and December 2020, around 1.3 million people were displaced in Somalia. Of these, more than 1 million new and secondary displacements occurred because of natural disasters, particularly due to the Gu and Hagaa flooding, as well as drought and other interrelated causes.
Most poor households are expected to experience food consumption gaps indicative of Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  in southern agropastoral livelihood zones and in Togdheer Agropastoral livelihood zone. In Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral livelihood zone, where households are highly vulnerable to below normal labor income, an increasing proportion of poor households will likely deteriorate to Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 ) .
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  100% of IDP settlement and 98% of non IDP settlement households found with multi sectoral needs.
The Education Cluster saw a decline in the number of People in Need because of the changed focus, from children in and out of school in need of Education in Emergencies  ( EiE )  assistance  ( based on multi facetted needs analysis from the JMCNA ) , to only focusing on children who were enrolled prior to school closure.
WHO has therefore worked hard to ensure that COVID 19 did not overwhelm the already fragile health system and adversely affect the health of these groups. Stringent health safety measures have been put in place in order to reduce the risk of exposure of both health care seekers and providers to the COVID 19 virus.
The Federal Government of Somalia  ( FGS )  and Puntland Ministry of Health, supported by the University of Oslo, have started the District Health Information System indicator review process with stakeholders and partners to improve monitoring of essential services and COVID 19 related disruption in 2021.
The Somali Red Crescent and ICRC provided more than 94,000 sandbags to communities to help them protect their property and crops against floodwaters.
Typically, a household of six seven people needs to purchase 90 kg of rice or cereal monthly. On average, the sale of a local quality goat in May could purchase 65 76 kg of cereal across key reference markets in central, northwestern, and northeastern Somalia, which is 7 20 percent May 2019
A recent consultation conducted by the Africa's Voices Foundation, which utilised interactive radio to gather perspectives from over 8,200 citizens on the current humanitarian context, found that 84 per cent of people felt that participating in radio dialogues made them feel more included in humanitarian decision making.
In Rabdhure, prices of local cereals increased minimally by 2% to 4% compared to last week, however imported food items and fuel prices remain the same for four weeks in a row and are expensive.
Humanitarian access to contested and sieged areas is hampered by ongoing hostilities, movement and security restrictions, as well as poor infrastructures. Identifying safe access routes and obtaining assurances to enter remain the major hindrances to ensure the safe, unimpeded and predictable passage of humanitarian aid and personnel to affected areas.
Nearly 54 per cent of health facilities do not provide an ‘Expanded Program on Immunization' service, driving coverage below 50 per cent and leading to a rapid accumulation of children susceptible to vaccine preventable illnesses and communities exposed to large outbreaks.
Siege like warfare engaged in by Al Shabaab in some government held towns in Hirshabelle, South West State and Jubbaland State continues to hinder the transport of humanitarian and commercial supplies.
Flooding has displaced 412,000 people in 29 districts as of 17 May, forcing many of them to seek shelter on higher ground, often in crowded shelters in nearby villages.
Access to affected people remains a major challenge in Somalia. Over one third of the country is hard to reach by humanitarians, including 23 districts  ( 31 per cent of total )  and 16 district capitals  ( 22 per cent )  . Around 1.3 million people in need reside in the hardest to reach areas, predominantly in Middle Juba, Lower Shabelle, Bay, Bakool, Middle Shabelle, and southern Galgaduud. Of the 23 districts with the highest access constraints, Afgooye, Baidoa, Jilib, Kurtunwaarey, Marka and Qoryooley host over half of the people in need  ( 59 per cent ) .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported areas in the community where girls and/or women do not feel safe were: On the way to markets, 64% When leaving settlement/town 44% ,At water points 31%
IOM supports the Government of Somalia in promoting safe and orderly migration, securing borders and building the capacity of immigration officials.
Although health workers were forced to pause regular health services to attend to the COVID 19 pandemic, in the last month, Somalia has taken bold steps to resume regular health activities, including conducting immunization campaigns to stop the spread of the polio virus.
WHO supported the establishment of three laboratories in the country with the capacity to test for COVID 19 using a real time polymerase chain reaction  ( PCR )  technique
UNICEF's ongoing humanitarian action focuses on an integrated, inclusive, and multi sectoral response to residual drought impact, displacement, conflict, disease outbreaks and seasonal floods
Investment in community level preventive healthcare and nutrition is also necessary to reduce the population susceptibility to diseases/risks of disease outbreak thus minimizing the burden on the health system. Mental health and psychosocial services  ( MHPSS )  should be widely integrated to the primary health care services in order to address the social and mental health consequences of COVID 19 and reduce the negative impact on livelihoods.
Health has received the largest amount of any cluster  ( $20 million ) , followed by Protection  ( $6.1 million ) , Food Security and Multi Purpose Cash  ( $3.5 million each ) . Smaller contributions have also been allocated for CCCM, WASH, Enabling Programmes, Education and Shelter & NFIs.
In South West State, overflowing water from River Shabelle has reportedly inundated six villages in Afgooye area, affecting 8,000 people, of whom 3,500 are displaced.
Since the start of the year, polio health teams have joined the fight against COVID 19 in Somalia, providing support in tracing, tracking and following up on suspected and confirmed cases
The low internet penetration in Somalia makes it difficult to plan and execute online virtual activities with community level facilitators/volunteers, parents and children
Mandatory medical measures on travelling passengers were imposed in 25 airports.
Over 5.2 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance in Somalia, including 3.5 million non IDPs; 1.7 million people displaced by conflict, insecurity, forced evictions, droughts, and floods; 108,000 returnees; and 42,000 refugees and asylum seekers.
IOM promotes pathways of labour migration, enhancing coordination for diaspora engagement, strengthening institutional capacity and, mitigating the drivers of irregular migration.
Insufficient access to information and community participation: According to the DSA, over 70 per cent of IDPs in informal sites lack access to information about their rights and available services.
Although local partners have been more successful in securing access in conflict affected areas on the basis of their lower security profiles, much more needs to be done to ensure the safe, timely, unimpeded and predictable passage of humanitarian assistance, goods and personnel to affected zones.
32 health and community workers received refresher training in Belet Weyne, Hirshabelle State on COVID 19 prevention and case management guidelines.
Marginalized/minority communities are extremely vulnerable to discrimination and persecution by the myriad of armed actors in Somalia and have reduced capacity to provide meaningful protection to members.They lack redress for grave violations of human rights due to limited state protection.
In Marka district, authorities and partners are relocating affected families to higher grounds. In Afgooye and Wanla Weyn, the Food Security Cluster has provided one month food rations to 2,000 households.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  Top three most commonly reported priority needs: Shelter  ( 54% ) , Food  ( 26% ) , Healthcare  ( 29% ) .
While ensuring the continuity of critical WASH interventions to respond to the COVID 19 crisis and mitigate post floods and cholera impact, putting in place preparedness measures for the next deyr season remains a priority for WASH partners, targeting in particular displaced populations in urban/periurban and at points of entry.. It is also important to continue implementing integrated WASH/health interventions, to jointly respond to COVID 19 and prevent a further increase in AWD/ cholera cases, as well as further raise awareness to prevent the spread of COVID19 through risk communication and community engagement, and support compliance to recommended measures through hygiene promotion, hygiene kit distribution and access to water.
Already, the outbreak of COVID 19 has had a significant economic impact. The Federal Government is projecting an 11 percent decline in nominal GDP for 2020, remittances that are received by an estimated 40 per cent of Somali households have dropped by as much as 50 per cent and revenue collection has dropped.
In September, protection partners reached a total of 2,271 individuals  ( over 61 per cent children, women, persons with disabilities )  through protection monitoring. A total of 254 persons with specific needs and heightened vulnerability were provided with protection oriented support and 10,571 reached through awareness raising on protection issues. A total of 366 individuals were reached through community based protection activities
In September, WASH partners reached 141,461 beneficiaries with access to sustainable safe water through rehabilitation, upgrading and construction of water sources, and 26,977 beneficiaries with emergency sanitation. The partners also reached 144,941 beneficiaries with hygiene promotion activities and hygiene kits distribution and 172,590 beneficiaries with access to temporary water such as trucking and chlorination of shallow wells and water points.
Came milk prices have shown increased trends compared to previous weeks due to seasonality. In the main markets, camel milk prices are trading between $1 and $1.3 per litre
WFP and UNICEF are supporting government to reach the most vulnerable through a variety of rural and urban safety nets to address food insecurity and loss of income. WFP is already accelerating registration of people and planning to expand transfers in the coming weeks for an urban safety net. Under the government led, World Bank funded Shock Responsive Safety Net for Human Capital Project  ( SNHCP ) , WFP expects to reach an additional 200,000 rural households by the third quarter of 2020.
Insecurity, lack of access, funding and operation challenges remain a major constraint for response. The U$256 million humanitarian component of the Somalia COVID 19 CPRP launched in April is only 31 per cent  ( $78.5 million )  as of 14 October
There is also a continuous requirement for advocacy and capacity building of the Somalia Explosives Management Authority  ( SEMA )  to facilitate a sustained national capability to manage and coordinate mine action responses effectively
During January the child protection programme reached 7,264 people with mental health and psychosocial support  ( MHPSS )  services, of whom 72 per cent were children.
The WHO country office in Somalia set up a dashboard for real time monitoring of COVID 19 in the country which is updated every day. The dashboard available at https://bmgf.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/d0d9a939c5fa4 01caa3a7447e72b2017 provides the number of cases and deaths associated with COVID 19 in real time, including information on operations support provided by WHO for surveillance, case management and essential health services.
Unaccompanied and separated children  ( UASC )  are at risk of other protection violations including abuse and exploitative labour if they are not provided with services at the destination point. A total 2239 UASC  ( 1299 girls and 940 boys )  were documented and provided with various protection services between January to August 2019 , including interim care by foster families in the case of unaccompanied children.
. As a result, 84,468 children were informed on the risks related to COVID 19, as well as the preventive measures in September. In addition, dissemination of health messages on COVID 19 through the mass media including TVs, radio, SMS and online mechanisms was undertaken.  ( By UNICEF )
High population density as is the case in most of the IDP sites in Somalia, is a key factor for transmission pathways.
Upsurge in access constraints reported in first half of 2020 with 141 incidents recorded up to July compared to 151 in the whole of 2019
To move these efforts forward, GAP agencies are collaborating with the Government to develop an operational plan. They aim to align this with the new funding that a number of agencies are providing for the response to COVID 19, to support the scale up of primary health care, including implementation of the package of essential health services.
The threat of improvised explosive devices  ( IEDs )  on key roads and areas under government control continues to affect access in many parts of southern and central Somalia. Reports indicate that harassment and extortion at checkpoints continue to delay or block aid delivery. Additionally, people living within territory controlled by Harakat al Shabaab al Mujahedeen  ( AS )  remain largely out of reach, as their ability to move to safer areas in neighboring districts where humanitarian actors are currently responding is very limited.
According to the Famine Early Warning Systems Network outlook report of August 2020, the below average 2020 gu cereal harvest, the economic impacts of COVID 19 and the forecast of below average deyr rainfall from October to December drive a worsening food security outlook through at least early 2021.
Violence against children, both inside and outside of the home has reportedly increased and is made worse by the lack of avenues through which to report abuse and seek adequate assistance, according to a Child Protection COVID 19 Survey.
Adequate infant and young child nutrition  ( IYCN )  practices are crucial for the growth and development of children. In Somalia, the 2016 Infant and Young Child Nutrition  ( IYCN )  Assessment found that only 33 per cent of infants below six months are exclusively breastfed, and while 46 per cent of mothers continue to breastfeed their infants up to 12 months, only 15 per cent continue to breastfeed the child up to 24 months.
According to the Somalia Food Security Cluster, an average of 1.85 million people received food assistance monthly from April to August. Approximately 400,000 people also benefitted from government led rural and urban safety net programmes. In April, the Government enacted a 20 to100 per cent tax exemption on imported food commodities in order to mitigate the socio economic impact of COVID 19 on the population.
By 1 September 2020, $567 million had been received against activities in the Humanitarian Response Plan. Key clusters such as health  ( 23 per cent )  and protection  ( 15 per cent )  – crucial to the prevention of disease outbreak and gender based violence respectively that have been known to rise due to compromised living conditions are critically underfunded.
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of nutrition barriers reported by households with children were: Unaware that supplements are available  ( 44% ) , Unaware that services are available  ( 37% ) , difficulty in enrolling children in  ( 33% ) .
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  99% of the households found with Multi sectoral needs. 15% found to be extreme+, 61% extreme, 23% severe and 1% stress.
Case Management services provided to 1,382 children  ( 73.5 per cent girls )  in November, either directly through daily field presence of caseworkers or remotely
The existing risks that could lead to the injury and death of children, the major responses identified by 56% of the KI indicated that environmental risks at home and outside  ( as the main cause of dangers and injuries to children.
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Four most common types of occupancy status reported by households of IDP settlements were: Hosted without rent  ( by family, friends, institution )   ( 56% ) , Ownership  ( 10% ) , No occupancy agreement / squatting  ( 24% ) , rented  ( 7% ) . Similarly, Four most common types of occupancy status reported by households of non IDP settlements were: Hosted without rent  ( by family, friends, institution )   ( 33% ) , Ownership  ( 23% ) , No occupancy agreement / squatting  ( 6% ) , rented  ( 36% ) .
Vulnerable migrants continued to receive direct assistance and basic services at Migration Response Centers and the Ethiopian Community Centres in Hargeisa and Bossaso. At least 11 Somali nationals were assisted to return after more than six months of being stranded in the Islamic Republic of Iran, following the outbreak of COVID 19
The main challenge in delivering humanitarian assistance in a timely, efficient manner is the limited access to areas controlled by Al Shabaab. While insight of what the actual humanitarian needs are in these areas is required, only a limited number of actors have the capacity to operate in Al Shabaab controlled areas and the lack of access by international staff makes it increasingly difficult to carry out monitoring and evaluation of projects on the ground
A combination of Covid 19 and natural events, increasing in intensity and frequency by climate change, such as flooding and desert locust swarms, exacerbated communities' existing vulnerabilities.
To improve livelihoods and respond to the increased need of personal protective equipment, 42 former graduates from UNHCR's vocational skills training are producing non clinical face masks, certified by the Ministry of Health, in South West Somalia. In Hargeisa, 25 small scale business  ( SSB )  beneficiaries were each supported with USD 400 during Covid 19
high levels of conflict have prompted more than 30,000 persons to move from rural areas to peri urban and urban centres.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  4% and 5% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement respectively reported areas in their community where boys or men do not feel safe.
As of October 2020, the Federal Government of Somalia has lifted several of these restrictions, particularly on movements in and out of the country, including by reopening international airports  ( ICAO, 2020 )  .
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  100% of the households found with Multi sectoral needs. 18% found to be extreme+ severe, 52% extreme and 30% severe.
Fuel prices have increased in most markets compared to last week and are low. For instance in Hargeisa, diesel increased from 4,000 to 4,800 SL. SH  ( 20% )  and petrol increased from 5,000 to 5,500 SL SH. per litre  ( 10% )
In November, Education partners reached at least 102,770 of whom 50,380 were girls with Education in Emergency  ( EiE )  assistance, bringing the total number of children reached with EiE to 651,587  ( 302,373 girls ) .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of shelter enclosure issues reported by households were Leaks during heavy rain  ( 62% ) , Leaks during light rain  ( 39% ) , Lack of insulation from cold  ( 20% ) .
Illegal checkpoints that were erected between Bosasso  Beletweyne route were removed by the police improving supply flow of commodities.
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  Among households with multi sectoral needs, highest need was of WASH  ( 96% ) , followed by Education ( 88% ) , Shelter ( 74% ) , Nutrition ( 54% ) , Health ( 23% )  and Protection ( 10% )
The nutrition context has remained precarious in Somalia, with a median national GAM rate of 13.8 per cent during the Gu season in 2019   this is a slight improvement from the previous years' 14 per cent  ( 2018 )  and 17.4 per cent  ( 2017 ) . The majority of high GAM rates are concentrated in the six regions of Banadir  ( 14.8 per cent ) , Shabelle  ( 11 per cent ) , Bay  ( 8.8 per cent ) , Hiraan  ( 6.1 per cent ) , Woqooyi Galbeed  ( 5.6 per cent )  and Gedo  ( 5.4 per cent ) . Pre existing challenges including conflict, displacement, drought, flooding and lacking basic social services, as well as compounding factors such as disability, exacerbate the nutrition outlook in the country.
According to WHO, cumulative positive testing rate, has declined. Across the country, health facility and community based surveillance activities are focused on early detection, testing, tracking and tracing of cases
The second instalments of small grants were provided to the Community Education Committees for 37 schools in south central. The grant modality aims to maintain enrolment of children, especially girls, and improve teacher motivation in the Ministry of Education target schools.
The COVID 19 pandemic is generating new humanitarian needs, especially as compelled by the impact of the locust infestation as well as Gu' flooding. At the same time, the impact of this pandemic has the potential to affect the humanitarian outcomes of people already targeted in the HRP, particularly the 2.6 million people living in highly congested IDP sites, by exposing them to additional risk and exhausting coping capacities.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  6% and 12% of Households IDP and non IDP settlements respectively reported education of their children had been disrupted as a result of the COVID 19 outbreak.
On 21 June, convoys carrying supplies of food and non food commodities to Gedo region could not be delivered, because of armed clashes between an Ethiopian convoy and AS militants. On 23 June, a suicide bomb exploded outside the Turkish Somalia military training camp, in Wadajir district.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported areas in the community where girls and/or women do not feel safe were: On the way to markets  ( 82% ) , When leaving settlement/town ( 74% ) , At water points  ( 91% ) .
There are limited provisions for and access to mental health and psychosocial support, to address emotional and social suffering and prevent long term burden on health, social and economic systems.
In Diinsoor, prices of imported food products were high, also due to the restriction on the transport of goods inside and outside the district.
According to WHO, 744 children in Banadir have reportedly been infected with measles since the beginning of the year, which accounts for around half the total number of cases in the country. Three cases of poliovirus were also recorded in Banadir region. Measles is a highly contagious respiratory infection that causes high fever and rash; it spreads easily in densely populated areas. It commonly affects children who have not been vaccinated. Children who are malnourished are at greater risk. Complications of measles include severe and prolonged diarrhea, pneumonia, blindness, encephalitis and death.
During the reporting period, confirmed cases increased in Somaliland and Puntland. WHO continues to support four biosafety level 2 PCR testing laboratories located in Mogadishu, Hargeysa and Garowe.
[ General household information ] Two most commonly reported preferred sources through to receive information about COVID 19 were Radio classes  ( 32% )  and SMS  ( 31% ) .
Major reasons for displacement are droughts  ( 62% )  and conflict  ( 38% )  in Cadaado District
Floods contributed to the outbreak of cholera, with 271 cases so far admitted to the Marka district hospital CTC.
The population in Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  has risen significantly, with a 48 percent increase recorded from September 2020 to January 2021. In addition to the population in Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  or Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 ) , 2.93 million people are Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  and in need of livelihoods support.
[ Specific locations assessed Baidoa, Mogadishu, Galkayo ] While facilities were found to be basic, households or communities reportedly work to ensure that they are well cared for. A majority of households  ( 70% )  reported considering the latrines they use to be hygienic or very hygienic. Non displaced households  ( 76% )  were reportedly more likely to consider the latrines they use to be hygienic compared to displaced households  ( 52% )
In Rabdhure, local cereals  ( white maize and red sorghum )  are out of stock, in addition prices of vegetables are high due to scarcity. For instance, the price of both tomatoes and potatoes is $2 per Kg and banana is $0.25 per piece.
[ Specific locations assessed Baidoa, Mogadishu, Galkayo ]  Participants were much less likely to report reducing drinking or domestic water consumption as a coping strategy. Instead, the leading responses were: spending more time travelling to fetch water, relying on humanitarian assistance, purchasing water, and notifying their community leader or relevant authority.
Over 4,754 confirmed cases since 16 March 2020, 4,754 including 130 deaths. Positivity rate: 7 per cent declined since the start of the outbreak. Case fatality rate: 2.6 per cent  ( Source: WHO, Health cluster ) .
The next three months  ( January to March 2021 )  are expected to be dry and intervening agencies are advised to take advantage of the dry period and low river levels to repair the open and weak river banks to reduce flood impacts in the three districts during the next rainy season of Gu 2021.