nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
The proportion of assessed settlements reporting an incident of conflict that killed at least one civilian was high in Bama, where around half  ( 45% )  of assessed settlements in October reported an incident of this kind. Assessed settlements reporting at least one incident of looting in which most of a household's property was stolen was also high in Bama, with 67% of assessed settlements reporting incidents of this kind in October. Assessed settlements in Dikwa reporting an incident that killed at least one civilian decreased from more than half  ( 58% )  in October to less than half in December  ( 37% ) .
The number of individuals observed at the Kano and Sokoto FMPs in January 2020  ( 1,208 )  witnessed a 5 per cent decrease from the previous month  ( 1,269 ) . This trend may possibly be a result of tigter security and stricter controls linked to insecurity in the border area with Niger.
Regardless of high engagement in subsistence farming practices, a lower proportion of assessed settlements in Bama, Dikwa and Gwoza reported having access to land for farming compared to assessed settlements in Kukawa and Marte  ( see Map 4 ) . In October, 10% of assessed settlements in Dikwa reported that people had access to land for farming, while 52% and 37% of assessed settlements in Bama and Gwoza, respectively, reported having access to land for farming.
Bama had a higher proportion of assessed settlements reporting cultivation as the main source of food  ( 65% )  compared to the proportion of assessed settlements reporting foraging as the main source of food in October  ( 25% ) . Unlike Bama, in Dikwa in October, more than half  ( 75% )  of assessed settlements reported foraging as the main source of food. This proportion however decreased to 26% in December.
Skipping days without eating was reported as a coping strategy by assessed settlements in Dikwa, Gwoza and Marte. Assessed settlements reporting that people skipped days without eating increased in Dikwa and Gwoza  ( from 3% and 6% in October to 16% and 17% in December, respectively ) , while it was stable in Marte  ( reported by 15% of assessed settlements in December ) .
According to Nutrition and Food Security Surveillance data  ( round 8 )  used for the current analysis, the acute malnutrition prevalence is in IPC Phase 3  ( Serious )  in Central Yobe  ( 13.8% ) , Southern Yobe  ( 11.1% ) , Northern Yobe  ( 10.8% ) , and Eastern Borno  ( 10.1% )  domains, and in IPC Phase 2  ( Alert )  in Central Borno  ( 9.8% ) , Northern Borno  ( 9.4% ) , MMC/Jere  ( 6.9% ) , Southern Borno  ( 6.1% ) , Northern Adamawa  ( 7.4% )  and Southern Adamawa  ( 7.3% )  domains. The overall acute malnutrition prevalence at the state level is 11.5% in Yobe, 8.1% in Borno, and 7.2% Adamawa.
Throughout the reporting period, , the vast majority of assessed settlements across all LGAs reported not having access to a functional health facility within walking distance. The only exception was in Gwoza, where 17% of assessed settlements in December reported having access to a functional health facility
Aid agencies are unable to respond effectively to the crisis in northeastern Nigeria due to worsening insecurity and stifling operational requirements imposed by military and civilian authorities. Such restrictions give the impression that the organizations are not independent, making them vulnerable to attacks by Boko Haram.
Kukawa had the lowest proportion of assessed settlements reporting that people were using a latrine in December  ( 33% ) , which was consistently reported throughout the reporting period.
Meanwhile, an increase in shelters being partly destroyed or completely destroyed was reported in Gwoza from 3% in October to 58% in December. In Bama in October, a quarter  ( 25% )  of assessed settlements reported that shelters were being partly or completely destroyed due to the conflict.
Similar to the last reporting period, access to any educational services  ( formal and informal ) 7 was consistently reported as lacking throughout the reporting period, with an exception of Dikwa and Gwoza where small changes were observed. In December, the majority of assessed settlements in Dikwa  ( 89%   decrease from 99% in October ) , in Kukawa  ( 100% )  and in Marte  ( 85% )  reported not having access to any educational services within walking distance.
About 15 percent of those screened suffered severe acute malnutrition  ( SAM )  without medical complications, 5 percent were SAM cases with medical complications, 30 percent were MAM cases while the rest 50 percent were normal
• 45% of the camps in the displaced LGAs currently have access to vocational trainings. IDPs in all the camps can access a market in the camp or nearby.
Ngala: 386 arrivals were recorded in Ngala LGA of Borno State. The arrivals include 171 from Rann “A' ward of Kala/Balge LGA, 164 from Fotokol and 51 from Blangoua of Cameroon. The arrivals were all due to poor living conditions.
Lamurde: 1,810 arrivals and 2,120 departures were recorded in Lamurde LGA of Adamawa state. The arrivals include 1,335 from Waduku ward and 475 from Lafiya ward in Lamurde LGA of Adamawa state. 750 reported departures were from Gyawana ward, 585 from Suwa ward, 371 from Waduku ward and 182 from Mgbebongun ward of Lamurde LGA, 67 from Shelleng LGA, 78 from Yola North LGA of Adamawa state and 87 from Kaltungo LGA of Gombe state. 76% of movements recorded were due to conflict/a�ack and 24% were voluntary reloca�ons.
Among all the other states that were assessed, Adamawa recorded the highest increase in numbers of IDPs  ( 4% )  and Yobe witnessed the highest decrease of 5 per cent.
In Katsina state the worst affected LGAs include Jibia, Batsari, Kankara, Danmusa, Safana and Dutsinma – all along or near the border with Zamfara state. The bandits are understood to have moved into Katsina state from Zamfara state and from Niger through the Rugu forest. Restricted information is, however, available on population and size of IDPs in camps across the northwest of Nigeria, which limits our understanding of the total population in need of assistance.
The frequent fight for supremacy by rival armed groups has created an atmosphere of fear in different communities in Rivers state especially in Khana and Gokana local government areas. Clashes between the gangs are frequent, and people, as well as gang members have been killed.
The worst conflict affected households in the northwest, including Sokoto, Zamfara, and Katsina states, remain displaced and are unable to engage in normal livelihood activities and are now dependent on atypical livelihood activities. Only a a few of these households are able to cultivate and consume their own produced foods. Over 20 percent of this affected population are minimally able to access food but unable to meet non food needs and will experience Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  outcomes through May 2020.
Results show that the daily average number of individuals observed in December 2019 at the Kano FMP Point was 1,105, a 2 per cent increase compared to November 2019. In November, Zinder  ( 49% ) , Maradi  ( 38% )  and Diffa  ( 9% )  in Niger, N'Djamena  ( 3% )  in Chad and Centre  ( 1% )  in Cameroon were the main regions of departure for travellers passing through Kano, whereas Zinder  ( 50% ) , Maradi  ( 37% )  and Diffa  ( 9% )  in Niger, N'Djamena  ( 3% )  in Chad and Centre  ( 1% )  in Cameroon were the main regions of intended destination of observed flows
Gwoza: 177 arrivals and 8 departures were recorded in Gwoza LGA of Borno State. The arrivals include 11 from Kurana Bassa/Ngoshe Sama'a ward and were tracked in GwozaWakane/Bulabulin ward. Other arrivals include 31 from Fufore, 28 from Hong and 15 from Maiha of Adamawa State. 6 from Bauchi of Bauchi state, 22 from Dutse of Jigawa State and 64 from Mora of Cameroon. The 8 departures were from Pulka/Bokko ward. 42% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict, 36% relocated voluntarily, 16% due to poor living conditions while 6% due to Military operations. The departures were all voluntarily.
December 28: Communal violence led to seven deaths in Etsako East, Edo. December 29: Boko Haram killed one and kidnapped two in Biu, Borno. December 29: Kidnappers killed four in Kuje, FCT. December 29: Bandits killed one and abducted three in Jibia, Katsina.
The BAY states  ( Borno, Adamawa and Yobe ) , which have borne much of the insurgency, is one the world's top ten humanitarian crises area. In 2019, about 7.1 million people were in severe need of humanitarian assistance in Nigeria, with about 6.1 million targeted to receive aid.
In week 03, the number of new confirmed cases has increased from 64 cases in week 1, 2020 to 81. These were reported from six states  ( Ondo, Edo, Delta, Taraba, Plateau, and Bauchi )   ( Table 3 ) .  The number of deaths has decreased. The overall case fatality rate  ( CFR )  for 2020 is  ( 14.7% )  which is lower than the CFR for the same period during 2019  ( 23.4% )   ( Figure 5 ) .  In total for 2020, nine states have recorded at least one confirmed case across 32 Local Government Areas.
Nigeria acceded to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights on 29 July 1993. In its article 11  ( 1 ) , the Covenant proclaims the right to housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and the right to housing is now understood as a free standing right.
Six  ( 6 )  suspected cases of Lassa fever reported as at 1 st February, 2020 with 1 death. 1 sample from Numan LGA tested positive and 4 tested negative.
In September, Agnes Callamard, United Nations Special Rapporteur for Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions, at the end of her visit to Nigeria, noted that the absence of accountability functionality in Nigeria is contributing to human rights violations and crisis in the country. In its December preliminary report, the Office of the Prosecutor  ( OTP )  of the International Criminal Court  ( ICC )  included two more crimes related to attacks by Boko Haram against humanitarian personnel and recruitment and use of children by the Nigerian security forces. The OTP also confirmed that a final decision whether to carry out a full investigation will be made in 2020, should Nigerian authorities fail to demonstrate tangible steps to fulfil their obligations under the Rome Statute.
There were 11 suspected cases of Cerebrospinal Meningitis  ( CSM )  reported from eight LGAs in six states  ( Adamawa – 1, Bauchi – 1, Ebonyi – 1, Katsina – 6, Plateau – 1 & Yobe – 1 ) . None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded
Tahoua  ( 52% ) , Maradi  ( 46% ) , Dosso  ( 1% )  and Niamey  ( <1% )  in Niger were the regions of departure of individuals passing through Sokoto, whereas Maradi  ( 61% ) , Tahoua  ( 35% ) , Dosso  ( 3% ) . and Zinder  ( 1% )   ( all of which are located in Niger )  were the regions of destination for the observed population
Departures were recorded in Dikwa, Gwoza, and Kala/Balge LGAs of Borno State; Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South and Numan LGAs of Adamawa State also recorded departures.
In April 2019, an Amnesty International investigation exposed allegation of sexual violence against children by security agents and inmates at Maiduguri Maximum Security Prison.
Eighteen  ( 18 )  cases of Lassa fever reported as at 13th February 2020, with 2 associated deaths. The cases are from MMC  ( 5 ) , Jere  ( 5 ) , Bayo  ( 4 ) , Chibok  ( 1 ) , Askira Uba  ( 1 ) , Gwoza  ( 1 ) , and Biu  ( 1 ) . Three  ( 3 )  samples tested positive while, nine  ( 9 )  samples were negative. 2 samples results are pending with lab, Bayo  ( 1 )  and Askira Uba  ( 1 ) . 4 new suspected cases were reported from Jere LGA, sample was collected and sent to NCDC reference lab.
Some state authorities have continued to forcibly evict residents. People's homes and businesses have been demolished by state authorities without genuine consultations, adequate notice nor access to remedies. In 2019, the Nigerian government evicted over twenty communities in Lagos State, including Abagbo, Abule Elepa, Abule Glass, Ajakoji, Akaraba, Bobukoji, Ebute Oko, Fashola, Idi Mango, Ilaje, Inangbe / Ilado, Kopiamy, Ogunfemi, Oko Kate, Okun Alfa, Okun Babakati, Second Badagry, Okun Gbogba, Okun Ilase, Okun Kobena, Sankin, Sapo Okun, and Tokunbo, among others.
A new outbreak of Lassa fever has been affecting Nigeria since late 2019. Since January, more than 500 confirmed cases have been recorded, and 26 of the country's 36 states are currently affected. ALIMA  ( The Alliance for International Medical Action )  is treating patients at the Owo Federal Medical Center in Ondo State in support of local health authorities.
During the period of 30 March   5 April 2020, a total of 1,603 movements were recorded, composed of 1,120 arrivals and 483 departures. Arrivals were recorded at loca�ons in Askira/Uba, Bama, Dikwa, Gwoza, Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Mobbar, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  of Borno State; Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola South, and Yola North LGAs of Adamawa State also recorded arrivals
Almost 8,000 Cameroonian refugees have fled to Nigeria's eastern and southern states of Taraba and Cross Rivers over the past fortnight, bringing the total Cameroonian refugee population in the country to nearly 60,000 people.
On 2 December, five inmates were killed, and seven others injured after being electrocuted at the Ikoyi Correctional Facility in Lagos. The prison authorities said they were investigating the incident but did not release any report on the investigation by the end of the year.
LGBTI organizations reported widespread arrests of gays, lesbians and bisexuals by security agents. Gay men were also targeted by mobs and individuals for blackmail and extortions. In December, 47 men were tried in Lagos for public displays of affection with members of the same sex. They were part of 57 men arrested in a Lagos hotel in August 2018. They were publicly humiliated and accused of being homosexuals.
These security related incidents, directly involving aid workers, continue to reflect the volatility of the operating environment and its adverse impact on humanitarian programmes, planning and activities. It has become more difficult to reach people inneed, particularly those outside garrison towns.
Former US Attorney General Eric Holder, now a partner at law firm Covington & Burling, reminded participants of his firm's involvement in negotiating a landmark settlement between the government of Nigeria and mobile company MTN, which he said demonstrated that legal disputes on the continent could be settled timeously.
There were 198 suspected cases of cholera reported from five LGAs  ( Abakaliki – 105, Ebonyi – 12, Ivo – 48, Ohaukwu   18 & Onicha – 15 )  in Ebonyi state. None was laboratory confirmed and nine deaths were recorded.
Continuous population movements and risk: No influx has been registered during this reporting period. However, in Borno State, over 300 families of 1300 individuals arrived in Bama, Banki, Ngala, Gwoza, and Pulka citing the lack of security and family reunification as their reasons for displacement. This population escaped violence in Local Government Areas of Rann, Maiduguri and Bama, and local communities of Wangari and Sagini in Bama LGA. This number includes also 58 families of 249 individual refugee returnees from Cameroon, that returned in search of reunification with their family.
Bama: 174 arrivals and 4 departures were recorded in Bama LGA of Borno State. The arrivals include 59 from Dipchari/Jere/Dar jamal/Kotembe ward, 13 from Sabsabwa/Soye/Bulongu ward and 4 from Yabiri kura/Yabiri Gana/Chongolo ward and were tracked in Shehuri/Hausari/Mairi ward. Other arrivals include 25 from Kawuri ward of Konduga LGA, 25 from N'djamena of Chad, 33 from Mora and 15 from Mokolo of Cameroon. The 4 departures were from Shehuri/Hausari/Mairi ward. 67% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions while 33% relocated voluntarily. The departures were all voluntarily.
Since 2019, after a resurgence in fighting, government and military officials have also required aid organizations to undergo lengthy processes to obtain compulsory authorization for moving personnel, cash, and cargo carrying relief materials in the northeast region. The military mandated using armed escorts on some routes, banned certain types of goods, and limited the amount of fuel the agencies can use in the field.
By their estimates, 19 LGAs, including Bama, Gwoza, Kala Balge, Moba, and Monguno, are facing “extreme severity' with Kala Balge at the top of the list. Kala Balge is reported to have entered phase four of the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification  ( IPC ) , which global organizations, including the World Food Programme and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, have created for food security and humanitarian analysis. Phase four features severe lack of food access with excess mortality, very high and increasing malnutrition, and irreversible loss of livelihood resources.
Suspected Measles: Fifty seven  ( 57 )  suspected measles cases were reported through EWARS in week 9. Of the reported cases, 7 were from PUI Mobile clinics in MMC, 6 were from FHI360 PHC Damasak in Mobbar, 5 were from General Hospital Magumeri, 3 cases each from Biriyel MCH in Bayo, Damasak MCH in Mobbar, State Specialist Hospital in MMC, Teli Clinic in Bayo and Yimirdalang PHC in Kwaya Kusar. Fourteen  ( 14 )  additional cases were reported through IDSR* from Bama  ( 2 ) , Bayo  ( 2 ) , Damboa  ( 2 ) , Dikwa  ( 2 ) , Jere  ( 2 )  and Magumeri  ( 2 )  LGAs making a total of 71 suspected measles cases. No associated death was reported.
However, the largest increase in violence targeting civilians came from communal and ethnic militias, especially Fulani militias   a trend already begun before the pandemic, but exacerbated both by Islamist group co option of the disorder, as well as lack of state capacity in the remote regions where they are active.
45% of the IDPs are living in emergency and transitional shelters, 35% in makeshifts, 11% in collective/communal shelter and 9% in public facilities. • 759HH are living in the open in Maiduguri  [ 291 ]  and Konduga  [ 468 ]  LGA. • 3,419HH are sharing shelter in across 39 sites in 10 LGAs. • 15,807 shelters are damaged across 95 sites in 16 LGAs.
A total of 70,402HH need complete NFI kits. This include 14,038HH in Monguno, 9,416HH in Dikwa, 9,356HH in Maiduguri, 8,838HH in Ngala, 7,622HH in Jere, 5,189HH in Gwoza, 3,970HH in Bama, 3,528HH in Konduga, 2,816HH in Damboa, 5,629HH in Magumeri, Yola North, Yola South, Girei, Fufore, Kaga, Mafa LGA. 55% of the sites reported that blankets/mats are the most needed NFIs while Kitchen sets are the second most needed NFIs.
Acute respiratory infection: In Epi week 12, 7,393 cases of acute respiratory infection were reported through EWARS. Of the reported cases, 854 were from PUI mobile clinics in MMC, 444 were from Pulka PHC in Gwoza, 358 were from FHI360 clinic Banki in Bama, 311 were from Hausari IDP camp clinic  ( MDM )  in Damboa, 307 were from General Hospital Ngala  ( FHI360 ) , 239 were from ICRC FSP Clinic in Monguno, 237 were from Sabon Gari Lowcost IDP camp clinic  ( MDM )  in Damboa and 229 were from ICRC GGSS IDP Camp Clinic in Monguno. No associated death was reported.
The main source of drinking and non drinking water at displacement sites is the borehole. Other sources of water supply include hand pumps, wells, water vendors and water trucking. 76% of the displacement sites has an average waiting time at water points less than 30 minutes while 18% is between 30 minutes and an hour and 6% above an hour.
There is a lack of education continuity, as there is no functional senior secondary school in Monguno.
As of February 2020, there were 1,527 functional toilets separated for male and female but the hygiene conditions of most of the toilets is poor. Access to latrines is at 28 people per latrine compared to the minimum SPHERE standard of 50 people per latrine.
78% of assessed settlements reported most people had difficulty accessing information they needed on humanitarian services
Likewise, in Round 28 only 107 LGAs were accessible while Guzamala, Kukawa, and Nganzai LGAs and 12 wards were inaccessible. Inaccessibility continued during Round 29 with 794 wards accessible.
As of 13 April 2020, there were 343 confirmed cases of COVID 19 in Nigeria, with 91 discharged and ten fatalities. Through the COVID 19 Basket Fund, the UN in Nigeria is supporting accelerated Government response to address the pandemic, prevent further spread of the virus and ensure optimum care for those affected by the coronavirus
Results show that the average daily number of individuals observed in May 2020 at the FMP of Sokoto was 86, this represents a 28 per cent increase compared to April 2020. One of the effects of the Covid 19 pandemic is the massive decline in movements of people across international borders. However, the increase in Sokoto is attributed to the first phase of easing the lockdown/movement restrictions in Nigeria by the Federal government imposed to prevent and curb the spread of the COVID 19 pandemic. Tahoua  ( 71% )  and Maradi  ( 29% )  in Niger were the regions of departure of individuals passing through Sokoto, whereas Tahoua  ( 57% ) , Maradi  ( 41% ) , Zinder  ( 1% ) . and Diffa  ( <1% )   ( all of which in Niger )  were the regions of destination for the observed population.
In Adamawa State, breaches to peace include attacks on civilians by NSAG in the north particularly in Krinshinga and Gulak wards of Madagali LGA and criminal activities such as kidnapping, robbery, and clashes between Herders Farmers in the South of the State. In Yobe State, the clearance operation by the Multinational Joint Task Force  ( MNJTF )  around the Lake Chad Basin  ( LCB )  to flush out insurgents has pushed out the group to Gaidam, Kananma LGAs.
The food security situation has drastically deteriorated. 2.9 million people are food insecure across the three States. The figure is projected to rise to 3.7 million people by the June – August lean season if adequate food and livelihoods assistance is not provided.
Collective settlements continued to be the most common type of sites with 59 per cent  ( no change from last round of assessment ) , followed by camps at 40 per cent. The land ownership in camps and camp like settings were classified as private  ( 57%   up from 54% ) , followed by 42 per cent categorized as government or public buildings and 1 per cent as ancestral property
The total number of IDPs recorded is now at par with the 2,026,602 IDPs that were recorded in Round 25, which was carried out before the escalation of violence in October 2018, and during which the number of accessible LGAs was much higher  ( 110 ) . This plateauing cannot be interpreted as a calm in security situation as there is an increase in the number of LGAs and wards that are inaccessible. Accessibility continued to be low in Round 31 in keeping with the decreasing trend over the last seven rounds of DTM assessments. The high numbers in spite of limited accessibility are in fact an indication that mobility of IDPs has gone up and the situation continues to be fluid and unpredictable.
A total of 1,673,862 returnees were recorded in the DTM Round 31 assessment, an increment of 62,186 or 4 per cent from the 1,611,676 persons that were identified as returnees in the last round of assessment that was conducted in December 2019. The number of returnees is showing stabilization after many rounds of assessment when it had been increasing successively.
Access to food was on site in 59 per cent  ( up from 57% )  of sites where IDPs were residing with host community. Twentyone per cent  ( down from 22% )  of sites had access to food off site and 20 per cent had no access to food. Similarly, in Borno access to food was on site in 48 per cent  ( down from 50% )  of site
The global COVID 19 pandemic is impacting humanitarian operations and access in north east Nigeria. Movement restrictions and lock downs are affecting supply chains and the delivery of vital humanitarian assistance. Meanwhile, aid workers have been stepping up efforts to raise awareness on preventing the spread of COVID 19 and putting risk mitigation measures in place, such as setting up hand washing stations and building quarantine shelters.
Between January and 16 February 2020, a total of 673 suspected measles cases with one associated death  ( case fatality ratio 0.2 per cent )  were reported in the BAY states. Borno State accounts for 57 per cent of suspected measles cases reported from across the three States. The most affected age group included children under the age of ten years, accounting for over 65 per cent of the population affected. Regarding the ongoing Lassa Fever outbreak in Borno State, 21 cases were reported as of 29 February with two associated deaths. Two suspected yellow fever cases were reported through the Early Warning, Alert and Response System  ( EWARS )  from Gumsuri Clinic in Damboa LGA and Jaragol Clinic  ( 1 )  in Bayo LGA.
In 2020 the Emergency Telecommunications Sector  ( ETS )  will continue to provide critical Information Technology and Communication  ( ICT )  services for the humanitarian community to enable the delivery of life saving assistance in the deep field in Borno State and the state capitals of the BAY states where telecommunication services are lacking or were destroyed in the conflict. This includes coordination and information management services to ensure a coherent response and minimise duplication of efforts by sharing ETS information products, including dashboards, situation reports, and infographics, timely disseminated among global and local partners, and posting online at the Nigeria ETCluster.org platform.
Displaced persons, especially the newly arrived from Borno state as well as returnees and vulnerable host community households continue to be the most in need of life saving support. According to IOM DTM round 30 published in December 2019, there are 134, 511 IDPs and 176,201 returnees in Yobe. This figure does not include the 6,317 new arrivals reported in the first quarter of 2020. Tracking and targeting of the newly displaced persons remains a key challenge as most of them settle in different host community locations across the state, especially in Geidam, Damaturu, Bade and Nguru. It is important to note that the number of the new arrivals might fluctuate from time to time depending on the security context in Yobe and Borno States.
Four new cases reported. Total confirmed cases as at 11th May, 2020 is 21. As at 11th May 2020, 171 suspected cases have been reported. 21 confirmed positive, 137 negatives and 13 pending The confirmed cases are from Mubi South 2; Mubi North 8; Hong 2; Lamurde 2; Yola North 2; Yola South 1, Girei 3, Madagali, 1
As of May 1, there are 2,170 recorded cases of COVID 19 with 238 new cases reported from 18 states, of which, Kano  ( 92 ) , Lagos  ( 36 )  and Federal capital Territory  ( 30 )  recorded the highest number of new cases. Of the confirmed cases, 351 have been discharged with 68 deaths.
An exhaus�ve nutri�on screening using mid upper arm circumference  ( MUAC )  and Oedema for acute malnutri�on was conducted by Nutri�on Sector partners for 16 children of 6 59 months. Of the 16 children screened, the MUAC reading was no child  ( accessible areas )  in the Red category, 5 were in the Yellow category and 11 were measured in the Green category. No case of Oedema was reported in the 2 LGAs that reports were received from. The results include no children from neighbouring countries. All children found with acute malnutri�on have been admi�ed in the treatment programme.
Following weeks of relative calm, Boko Haram appears to have regrouped in recent days, striking civilian and military targets along the highway leading into Maiduguri. The group has killed or abducted many residents and aid workers in the region over the past week.
Agricultural laborers have been less impacted as the lockdown is less enforceable in rural communities and demand remains near normal as land clearing and preparation have started with the rainy season. The rainy season is underway normally in the southern areas and farmers are engaged in land preparation, though at below average levels. Households are prioritizing agriculture related activities to enhance production for the growing season; however, generally, these activities are occurring at below average rates due to conflict and insecurity and restrictions associated with COVID 19.
Among IDP HHs, the average reported per capita monthly expenditure on energy was 406 naira. For HC HHs, the average reported per capita monthly expenditure on energy was 641 naira.
69% of IDP HHs were found to have high risk hand washing practices, it was 64% for HC HHs. Of all  ( 95% IDP and 95% HC )  HHs with reported presence of women of reproductive age, 12% and 5% respectively reported not using sanitary pads in the 3 months prior to data collection
The number of confirmed COVID 19 cases is increasing daily across the country and as of May 28, 182 new cases and five deaths were reported in the last 24 hours. As of May 28, a total of 8,915 COVID 19 cases have been confirmed with 259 fatalities recorded across 35 states and the Federal Capital Territory with only Cross River reporting no cases. Lockdowns, curfews, and interstate border closures as well as regular handwashing and the wearing of face masks are enforced as measures to curb the spread of the disease. Curfews have been relaxed in some states allowing households to return to somewhat normal livelihoods
In addition, the need for Non Food Items also increased remarkably as 74,462 households are in immediate need of intervention to ensure a dignified living condition
A total of 35  ( of total 37 )  states have now been affected Lagos State is the worst affected with 1,491 confirmed cases, followed by Kano with 482 confirmed cases . Borno State is now the fourth worst affected state with 125 cases and 14 deaths. Cases have been also been registered in Adamawa  ( 15 cases/0 deaths )  and Yobe  ( 13 cases/1 death )  states . The Federal Government expects the number of COVID 19 cases to increase in the coming days and weeks, largely due to increased testing capacity and worsening community spread
Dozens were arrested by security forces in the BAY States for violating the lockdown, for example by opening shops or trying to cross to another State despite the inter state travel ban.
According to the majority of IDP HHs  ( 57% ) , market purchased was the most important source of food, while this was market purchased for the majority of HC HHs  ( 83% ) . The average reported travel time to buy food was 41 minutes for IDP HHs and 41 minutes for HC HHs. The most common mode of transportation used to buy food was public transportation for IDPs  ( reported by 58% of HHs )  and public transportation for the HC  ( reported by 79% of HHs )
In November and December, the Health Sector continued responding to the cholera outbreak declared in Adamawa State on 18 June. In December, more than 12 new cholera cases were reported, mainly from Yola North and Girei LGAs. The total case count now stands at 839 with four deaths  ( CFR=0.48% )  as of 6 December.
The government health agencies and another organization noted that before the insurgency, they established units for adolescents in many facilities, or even adolescent specific centers. These places were safe spaces where adolescents could go, spend time, and learn about life skills, SRH, their bodies, their rights, and other topics without fear of stigma. Health workers were often present to answer questions and provide services. Due to the insurgency, these centers closed.
Nigerian crude oil prices began decreasing in February but dropped significantly in March due to a reduction in global demand with the continued spread of COVID 19. March 2020 prices were about 45 percent below December 2019 prices. Nigeria depends on oil sales for around 60 percent of its revenue and 90 percent of its foreign exchange earnings  ( IMF ) . A decline in foreign exchange reserves of 25 percent was reported between April 2019 and April 2020 . Nigeria's reduction in oil export earnings is therefore driving the depreciation of the Naira  ( NGN ) , which could affect both domestic prices and regional trade dynamics
Lagos State is the worst affected with 2,550 confirmed cases  ( 36 deaths ) , followed by Kano with 825 confirmed cases  ( 36 deaths ) . Borno State is now the sixth worst affected state with 215 cases and 23 deaths. No new cases have been registered in Adamawa State  ( 21 cases/0 deaths )  since 11 May
IOM's MHPSS programme in Nigeria began in the aftermath of the abduction of the Chibok schoolgirls in 2014
In Nigeria's embattled north east, millions of people continue to endure the impact of a decade long humanitarian crisis. Most recently, on 9 June, an attack attributed to non state armed groups claimed the lives of 81 people in the Gubio Local Government Area, 80 kilometers from Borno State's capital, Maiduguri.
Additionally, military officials and other close observers report that in mid  and late 2019, the original Boko Haram faction, Jama'tu Ahlis Sunna Lidda'await Wal Jihad  ( JAS ) , under Abubakar Shekau's leadership, intensified attacks in the Nigeria Cameroon border area, operating from its base in Nigeria's Mandara mountains. Evidence points to these latter two groups being linked, with the Bakura faction reportedly pledging allegiance to Shekau.
There is a major need of shelter, shelter repair kits, construction and sanitation materials as a preparedness measure in all camps, provision of basic NFI as well as reconstruction of damaged toilets and shower areas. No casualty was reported.
An exhaus�ve nutri�on screening using mid upper arm circumference  ( MUAC )  and Oedema for acute malnutri�on was conducted by Sector partners for 116 children of 6 59 months. Of the 116 children screened, the MUAC reading was 3 children  ( 1 in In accessible and 2 in accessible areas )  in the Red category, 13 were in the Yellow category and 100 were measured in the Green category. No case of Oedema was reported in the 4 LGAs that we received reports from.
Malaria: In Epi week 21, 3,056 cases of confirmed malaria were reported through EWARS. Of the reported cases, 320 were from General Hospital Biu, 185 were from Uba General Hospital in Askira Uba, 162 were from MCH Miringa in Biu, 91 were from Shuwari Host Community Clinic in Damboa, 89 cases each from Gwange PHC in MMC and Wandali PHC in Kwaya Kusar and 80 were from Zuwa EYN Clinic in Biu. No associated death was reported.
Twenty five aid organisations are providing assistance to more than 150,000 internally displaced persons in the town of Monguno, in the north eastern part of Borno State. The United Nations and NGO partners in Nigeria are working to bring urgent aid and curtail the spread of COVID 19 in the north eastern states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe where 10.6 million people are in need of assistance.
The latest Cadre Harmonisé analysis  ( March 2020 )  indicatesthat around 3.7 million people in the three northeastern states are projected to face severe acute food insecurity  ( Phases 3+ )  during the lean season  ( JuneAugust 2020 )   the analysis was carried out prior to COVID 19.
There were 11 suspected cases of Cerebrospinal Meningitis  ( CSM )  reported from eight LGAs in four states  ( Borno – 1, Ebonyi – 1, Katsina – 8 & Kebbi – 1 ) . None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded
There were six suspected cases of cholera reported in three LGAs in three states  ( Kano – 4, Katsina – 1 & Kogi   1 )  this week. None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded
Bama town, the second largest town in Borno State, was repeatedly attacked between May 2013 and September 2014 and finally seized by non state armed groups  ( NSAGs ) , who turned it into their headquarters. Nigerian armed forces regained control of the LGA in March 2015 but the civilian administration has not yet officially returned. A new LGA Chair was appointed to run affairs of the LGA secretariat  ( Civil Authority )  on 11 November 2019.
These issues have expanded developmental problems in the country and weakened the state's capacity to engender a good living standard. The situation of underdevelopment and extreme poverty fuels group struggle over resources.
Therefore, to nip the conflict in the bud, the Nigerian government must prioritise the prevention of violent extremism and conflict through engendering even development in the country.
13,543 Departures were recorded from Askira/Uba, Bama, Chibok, Damboa, Dikwa, Gwoza, Hawul, Kala/Balge and Maiduguri Metropolitan Council LGAs of Borno state; Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa state.
Without WHO mobile health teams, populations in hard to reach areas, especially children and women will suffer needlessly from vaccine preventable diseases, severe acute malnutrition  ( SAM ) , community based HIV infections and other essential healthcare services that are not available or accessible.
Acknowledging the current destructive effects of rains and windstorms experienced in BAY states, the sector has developed a flood response strategy, accompanied with a contingency plan and projected analysis on flooding and the effects.
Abuja, 28 July, 2020   To commemorate the 2020 World Hepatitis Day, the Minister of Health, Dr Osagie Ehanire says, in Nigeria, "We could estimate that about 20 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B and C. Therefore, we recognize the importance of vaccination as a critical intervention in our determination to eliminate HBV infection by 2030.
States experiencing inter communal conflicts are better positioned to achieve peace by recognising the role traditional actors can play in mobilising their subjects towards peace and not violence. Government must invest in a community based approach to solving numerous violent conflicts in the country.
As documented in this report, many victims of SARS' alleged violations face unnecessary difficulties and in some cases, concerted opposition from the police authorities while seeking justice, including threats from SARS officers and their friends, if they report their case to the authorities. Most victims are poor and unable to access quality legal representation. Even when they approach the court, the legal process takes time and requires money.
At the time of Boko Haram's resurgence in 2010, Bauchi was among the top 10 Nigerian states in absolute poverty and Gombe was the third poorest state in the country in terms of absolute poverty.
A combination of communal clashes, banditry and criminality in rural areas of Zamfara, Katsina and Sokoto states, continues to cause fatalities and forced displacement within and outside Nigeria. An estimated 60,000 Nigerian refugees crossed into Niger Republic since May 2019, due to violence in the three North West states. Leading to declaration of L2 Emergency in Niger in March 2019.
Community sensitization programmes on routine vaccinations have also been scaled up in recent weeks, and have included door to door dissemination of important information materials. These programmes have also entailed consistent engagements with traditional and religious leaders, who play a key role in mobilizing their communities.
Militants assaulted army units in border regions of Cameroon, Chad and Niger, briefly holding small patches of territory and taking hostages. They carried out bombings in those countries, including in N'Djamena in 2015. The group's expansion was uneven: Cameroon and Niger were worst affected, Chad less so. But in none of Nigeria's three Lake Chad neighbours was Boko Haram able to penetrate very far beyond border regions.
A total of 52,119 movements comprising of 38,576 arrivals and 13,543 departures were recorded between 1 January and 14 June 2020. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Chibok, Damboa, Dikwa, Gwoza, Hawul, Jere, Konduga, Mafa, Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Mobbar, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  of the conflict affected northeastern Nigerian State of Borno. Arrivals were also recorded in Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Madagali, Maiha, Mayo Belwa, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North, and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa state.
Askira/Uba: 205 arrivals and 32 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. The arrivals included 128 from Askira/Uba LGA, 18 from Gwoza, 15 from Biu and 3 from Damboa LGA in Borno state, 22 from Gombi LGA and 19 from Yola North LGA in Adamawa state. The departures recorded were 27 from Kautikari ward of Chibok LGA and 5 from Chul/Rumirgo of Askira/Uba LGA in Borno state. 54 per cent of the movement were triggered by conflict/attack, 37 per cent from improved security, 8 per cent relocated voluntarily and 1 per cent poor living conditions.
Nigeria is a secular country with three dominant religions: Islam  ( 50% ) , Christianity  ( 40% )  and Traditional African religion  ( 10% ) .
On the afternoon of 9 June, armed actors aboard motorcycles mounted a brutal attack on Felo community in Gubio Local Government Area, 80 kilometres away from the state capital Maiduguri.
In March and April 2020, 52 incidents involving explosive ordnances  ( IEDs )  were recorded, claiming the lives of 18 civilians and injuring 34 others.
Prior to the COVID 19 outbreak, Nigeria's economy was projected to grow by 2.9% of GDP in 2020 and further expand by 3.3% in 2021. But with the advent of the pandemic and the slump in crude prices, the economy is expected to shrink by between 4.4% under a conservative baseline scenario, and 7.2% should the pandemic persist to end 2020
The Protection Sector has become aware of several reports of misconduct by security forces, suggesting the use of violence and harassment while enforcing COVID 19 movement restrictions in the North East.
Across the three states, some 1.2 million people are out of reach for humanitarian organizations and deprived of much needed assistance and civil authority services.
Lagos State is the worst affected with 14,456 confirmed cases  ( 192 deaths ) , followed by Abuja  ( FCT )  with 3,481 confirmed cases  ( 41 deaths )  Borno State is now the sixteenth worst affected state with 611 cases and 35 deaths. 140 cases  ( 9 deaths )  have been recorded in Adamawa State and 66 cases in Yobe State  ( 8 deaths )
The crisis currently affecting the Lake Chad Basin states results from a complex combination of factors, including conflict with Non State Armed Groups, extreme poverty, underdevelopment and a changing climate, which together have triggered significant displacement of populations.
For community members  ( 18 years and above ) , handwashing was observed to be highly practiced in Jere and MMC LGAs but there was no or very little practice of wearing of masks. In LGAs outside Jere and MMC, similar observations were made by the respondent organizations albeit with a higher percentage of observation of handwashing by community members in Jere and MMC in comparison to other LGAs as shown in Figures 12 and 13. There was also notably no or very little wearing of masks by community members in LGAs outside Jere and MMC.
As at 22 March, the Federal Ministry of Health announced that there are 27 confirmed cases in Lagos  ( 19 ) , Federal Capital Territory  ( 4 ) , Ogun  ( 2 ) , Ekiti ( 1 )  and Oyo  ( 1 ) . Of the confirmed cases, two have been discharged and there is no death recorded.
At least 49 people have been killed in different communities in Khana local government area in series of attacks between April and September 2019, according to villagers and community leaders.
Machine gun wielding jihadists killed four Nigerian soldiers and wounded 11 more during an attack on an army base in the northeast, military officials told AFP on Sunday.
About 89 per cent of household members lack legal documentation.
In 2019 alone, 12 aid workers were deliberately and brutally murdered by non state armed groups. And we must remember our fellow aid workers Grace Taku, who was abducted on 26 July 2019 and Alice Loksha, who was abducted on 1 March 2018.
Very few assessed settlements indicated they had access to a functional health facility within walking distance  ( 1% in September ) . With the onset of the rainy season, the proportion of assessed settlements reporting that fever/malaria was the primary health problem increased  ( 44% in September )
During FGDs, instances of family separation and feelings of insecurity among communities in H2R areas were regularly highlighted. Participants living in the LGA capital, regularly reported being separated from their close family members. A common reason given for the separation, by FGD participants from Bama and Gwoza, was that those still in the H2R area were too afraid to try to escape or that they would have been unable run away on foot because they were too old or had too many young children. FGD participants from Dikwa reported being separated because their family members had been abducted.
All three of these LGAs had the largest proportion of assessed settlements report that cultivation was the main source of food. In July, however, there was an increase in the proportion of assessed settlements reporting foraging as the main source of food, ranging from 28% in Marte to 59% in Ngala. A possible explanation for the increase in reliance on foraged food in July is that people have eaten all of their previous stocks but have not harvested new crops yet. FGD participants from Kala/Balge also mentioned that the food distributions they had received had stopped in July because the rainy conditions reduced the road access.
The number of meals most people were reported to be eating also indicated a better food access situation in Kala/Balge, Marte, and Ngala, relative to the other LGAs. In June July, 15% or less of assessed settlements reported most people eating one meal a day, and 64% or more were reported to be eating two meals a day. In August September, less than 4% of assessed settlements reported most people eating only one meal a day and between 29% 77% reported people eating three meals a day, with the remaining assessed settlements reporting most people eating two meals a day.
The Nigerian economy and government revenue are very closely tied to the oil and gas industry. With continued rising global oil prices up to 2014 2015 the economy was seeing significant year on year growth, and receipts from oil revenue were not only funding yearly government expenditure, but surplus revenue was put into the Excess Crude Account  ( ECA )  and invested into a sovereign wealth fund. However, the sharp fall in oil prices in 2015 caused the economy to go into recession and saw government revenue substantially reduce.
Out of those captured, 10,627 displaced persons  ( 3,651 households )  were newly Guzamala, 11% from Marte, 2% from Nganzai and 1% from other LGAs in Borno State
7,295 individuals  ( 1,884 households )  who were displaced into Monguno Local Government Area  ( LGA )  from other LGAs within and outside Borno State were recorded.
An exhaustive nutrition screening using monitoring of symptoms of acute malnutrition mid upper arm circumference  ( MUAC )  and Oedema was conducted by Nutrition Sector partners for 374 children of 6 59 months. Of the 374 children screened, the MUAC reading was: 2 children  ( 2 from an accessible area )  in the Red category, 28 in the Yellow category and 344 measured in the Green category. No cases of Oedema were reported in the 4 LGAs that reports were received from. All children found with acute malnutrition have been admitted for treatment.
Suspected Measles: Five  ( 5 )  suspected measles cases were reported through EWARS in week 52. Of the reported cases, One  ( 1 )  case each from Abbaganaram MCH in MMC, Bam Dispensary in Biu, FHI360 PHC Damasak in Mobbar, MCH Miringa in Biu and WaterBoard UNICEF IDP Camp Clinic in Monguno. Twelve additional cases were reported through IDSR from Dikwa  ( 2 ) , Monguno  ( 2 ) , Damboa  ( 5 )  and Hawul  ( 1 ) , MMC  ( 1 )  and Mobbar  ( 1 )  LGAs making a total of 17 suspected measles cases. No associated death was reported.