nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
The national government prohibited three activities in the whole country: 1 )  public or private events that could imply crowds  ( over 50 people ) , 2 )  the opening of bars and clubs, and 3 )  alcoholic drinking in public spaces, and in food services establishments. In addition, local and municipal authorities could restrict more activities and certain areas, zones, and households, according to the variations of the COVID 19 infection rates. In fact, through Decree 193 the Mayor of Bogota has coined the “New Reality' program under which the economic reactivation is the goal. The main idea of the new program is avoiding crowds by stablishing four day weeks by sectors, trying to reduce the number of people using the public transportation system at the same time. Finally, the domestic flights are allowed as of the 1stof September and international flights are planned to be opened on the 1stof October  ( Resolution 1517 of 2020 ) . According to the protocols, everyone shall present before boarding a negative result for the COVID 19 test taken within the 48 hours prior to departure. On the other hand, land, sea and river borders remain closed during this phase.
Con el fin de favorecer una adecuada prestación de los servicios de salud como consecuencia de las movilizaciones de las diferentes organizaciones del Cauca, la Gobernación del Cauca   Secretaría de Salud Departamental a través de Centro Regulador de Urgencias, Emergencias y Desastres   CRUE declara en Alerta Amarilla a la red pública y privada del Cauca desde el 05 de octubre hasta nuevas indicaciones, según Circular No 155 del 02 de octubre de 2020.
En el departamento de Amazonas de Colombia se registraron más de 2.214 casos de dengue por cada 100.000 habitantes, lo que constituye un múltiplo del promedio nacional de 257 casos por cada 100.000 habitantes.
Decreto 0641 del 19 de marzo de 2020: Por el cual se dicta una medida de aislamiento preventivo desde el sábado 21 de marzo a las 02:00 pm hasta el martes 24 de marzo a las 5:00 am.
Según el tipo de atención, son reportados como recuperados el 90,2%  ( 950.348 )  de los casos confirmados, fallecidos el 2,9%  ( 30.926 ) , la proporción de casos graves y mortales un 3,2%  ( 33.276 )  de la totalidad de los casos. Se reportan a la fecha 69.423 casos activos, que corresponde al 6,7% del total de casos. Entre los casos activos el 72,3%  ( 50.221 )  están en casa, en hospitalización general se reportan el 24,8%  ( 17.240 ) , en UCI 2,8%  ( 1.962 ) .
En el país se reportan 1.402 conglomerados activos con 33.394 casos, de los cuales 34,0%  ( 5.829 casos )  son reportados en empresas, el 22,5%  ( 3.740 casos )  en instituciones de salud, el 19,8%  ( 6.710 casos )  en Fuerzas militares y policía, 10,8  ( 3.396 casos )  en centros de protección, 7,8%  ( 12.502 casos )  en población carcelaria, 2,9%  ( 435 casos )  en pueblos indígenas y en plaza de mercado 1,1%  ( 786 casos )  entre otros.
De hecho, de acuerdo con las autoridades colombianas de migración, desde el 14 de marzo al 3 de agosto, más de 95,000 venezolanos regresaron a Venezuela.33 Sin embargo, los cierres de fronteras del gobierno venezolano están volviendo difícil o incluso imposible para muchos otros el completar la travesía
Adicionalmente, para evaluar la situación de Colombia con un enfoque externo, OCHA aplicó los indicadores de riesgo del Centro Europeo para prevención y control de enfermedades de la Comisión Europea, en donde se clasifican los departamentos o provincias de un país en categorías de viaje con bajo, medio y alto riesgo de afectación o contagio de COVID 194. Basado en los tres criterios  ( nuevos infectados en los últimos 14 días, la rata de positividad de las pruebas procesadas y la toma de muestras por cada 100.000 habitantes ) , los resultados arrojan que 25 de los 32 departamentos del país se encuentran en la categoría de alto riesgo  no recomendable para viajar , 3 en riesgo medio y para los 8 departamentos restantes la toma de muestras es insuficiente para clasificarlos bajo este esquema.
Health, WASH, Food, Shelter and NFIs were the most urgent humanitarian needs in the Athieng Puol, Tonj North County
According to head teachers most water sources  ( 59.1 per cent )  are reachable in less than 10 minutes, 21.8 per cent between 10 and 30 minutes, and 19.2 per cent report that the next water source is more than 30 minutes away.
Most schools were not in operation in Upper Nile.
1,510 IDPs arrived from Luc, Chiting, Agoor, Lang  ( Tonj North County )  to Warrap Town, Tonj North County due to the flooding.
The first quarter saw humanitarian reach vary by geographical location with most states seeing an increase in the number of targeted people reached compared to the previous year. In Unity, 92 per cent of those targeted for assistance were reached, up from 72 per cent in the first quarter last year. Northern Bahr el Ghazal saw a substantial rise in the number of people reached, 75 per cent compared to only 8 per cent last year. However, two states decreased from last year. Western Equatoria reached 37 per cent of those targeted compared to 49 per cent last year, and Eastern Equatoria reached 52 per cent compared to 62 per cent last year.
An estimated 170,000 individuals across Jonglei and Central Equatoria States have been severely affected by the flood situation.
Recommendations by disability focal persons to address paths towards the WASH facilities need to be repaired and have more lights installed to ensure safety at night. There is also a call to further diversify the means of information dissemination and to increase the number of scheduled targeted distribution of consumables, such as towels, soap and buckets. Furthermore, to promote sustainability and community empowerment, disability focal persons recommended increasing the caregivers' wages and employing capable persons with disabilities.
Others  ( Health Workers )  may abandon their posts: PPE is in short supply and salaries continue to go unpaid. This comes at a time when medical schools are closed, so no new graduates can be deployed, and when health development activities, including capacity building for health workers, has been suspended.
On 09 and 11 May, the High level Task Force reiterated directives for physical distancing, handwashing and mandated wearing of face masks in public.
At the lower secondary school level, South Sudan has the second highest rate of out of school children, at 60 percent, behind Niger  ( 68% ) . Further to that, 76 percent of girls in South Sudan are missing out on an education because of the conflict and food crisis.
The possibility that COVID 19 negatively and significantly affects the peace process should not be underestimated and can happen in several ways.
The security context continued to be dominated by localized and subnational violence, with an overall increase in incidents compared with the previous reporting period coinciding with the onset of the dry season.
EDUCATION : 242,000 children accessing Education in Emergencies through learning spaces.
While water levels continue to recede, most of the road networks connecting Jonglei State & GPAA with neighbouring states remain inaccessible due to flood waters
At South Sudan's only laboratory that tests for the virus, supervisor Simon Deng Nyichar said the team of 16 works up to 16 hour days slogging through a backlog of more than 5,000 tests. Around 9,000 samples have been tested since early April, when the country became one of the last in Africa to confirm a coronavirus case.
The total number of AFP ( Acute Flacid Paralysis )  cases confirmed as cVDPV2 ( circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus  )  remain 37, and the geographical distribution of circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus cases are as follows: Western Bahr El Ghazal  ( 7 ) , Warrap state  ( 16 ) , Central Equatorial state  ( 4 ) , Northern Bahr El Ghazal  ( 3 ) , Lakes  ( 3 ) , Western Equatoria state  ( 1 ) , Jonglie  ( 1 ) , Upper Nile  ( 1 )  and Eastern Equatoria state  ( 1 ) .
MARCH 2020  Rise in commodity prices: The COVID 19 threat in the region and preventive measures put in place led to a rise in food and basic commodity prices.
JANUARY JUNE 2020  Sub national violence: Ongoing sub national violence escalated in May, with an estimated 80,000 people displaced in Central Equatoria, Jongle, Unity, Warrap and Western Bahr el Ghazal. JUNE SEPTEMBER 2020  Displacement: More than 60,000 people were displaced by sub national violence in Jonglei State in June and the violence led to the disruption of humanitarian services.
South Sudan continues to see a rise in the number of confirmed cases, with 3,511 confirmed cases, 3,118 recoveries, and 63 deaths, as of 27 December 2020.
More than 8,600 metric tons of humanitarian supplies were transported to 166 locations. Among the more than 200 HRP partners operating across the country, nearly 60 per cent were South Sudanese non governmental organizations.
As instances of localized conflict increase and access throughout the country worsens due to heavy rains, COVID 19 poses yet another challenge.
133,369 IDPs provided with water, sanitation & hygiene services by IOM  ( August 2020 )
Decomissioning of old latrines which are at risk of being flooded.  [ IRNA Report:  [ Melut IDP settlements, Upper Nile ] ,  [ 12 13 January 2021 ] |
Health Cluster partners provided 6,120 consultations in health facilities. Since the beginning of the response Health Cluster partners received 17 Interagency Emergency Health Kit  ( IEHK )  kits, 16 pneumonia kits and two SAM kits.
895,375 individuals reached through COVID 19 health & hygiene promotion outreach by IOM: August 2020
Additionally, concerning is that 9% of the older people surveyed stated they did not have access to health services previously. It is particularly high among people over 70  ( 15% )  and those living in urban Juba  ( 15% ) .
Teachers by type  ( nationally ) : Government   35%, Non Government   65%
National access to basic water is at 40 per cent and the challenges in the water sector remain critical on the humanitarian, recovery and development front.
If people don't believe COVID 19 is real or can affect them, they won't follow health measures like physical distancing and handwashing, and cases and deaths will keep rising  ( Source: IFRC ) . It may help to interview people who have recovered from COVID 19 so people believe the virus is real, and to interview trusted community members like religious leaders, youth  ( Source: IFRC ) .
As the Juba Bor road remained inaccessible in November, the Logistics Cluster continued facilitating a river service from Juba to Bor, transporting over 90 mt of cargo on behalf of seven organisationsin support of the current flooding emergency.
IOM coordinated with MSF, Save the Children, and GOAL on how to collaborate to conduct proper screening, detection, notification, referral and management of COVID 19 suspected cases on travellers crossing into Abyei Administrative Area.
It is estimated that 1.41 million people  ( 40% of the region's population )  will likely be in Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  or worse acute food insecurity during this period.
A total of 1203 COVID 19 alerts have been investigated with 1,023  ( 85.6% )  being verified. Total of 2,790 COVID 19 confirmed cases and 50 deaths, CFR of 1.8%.
Over the last two weeks, through Rapid Response teams, WFP completed General Food Assistance  ( GFA )  distributions for 81,000 people, including 16,000 children under five, in Ayod, Mayendit, Panyijiar and Uror counties, Jonglei State.
An estimated 5.2 million people are facing severe issues with their living conditions, according to intersectoral analysis conducted using 11 key indicators.
An estimated 1,354,000 IDPs are expected to be displaced in camps, camp like settings and informal settings in 2019. This includes about 350,000 women, men and children living in camps or collective sites; some 200,000 in Protection of Civilians  ( PoC )  sites; and around 1 million in informal sites such as spontaneous settlements or other camp like settings.
During this period, Raga and Wau counties are classified in Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  acute food insecurity, whereas Jur River County is classified in Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  acute food insecurity.
Conducted trainings on basic agronomic practices on vegetables production, watering irrigation practices, production of organic manure and compost management, as well as pest and disease control, seeds storage and preservation.
The Logistics Cluster published 18 information management products on the operational website, which included the recently produced River Transportation Network Diagram to support partners' operational planning.
The COVID 19 pandemic and the subsequent closure of schools in South Sudan requires new approaches to teaching and learning to minimize the risk on learners and their teachers
A new threat to South Sudan came into focus as the global COVID 19 pandemic spread into East and Central Africa. The possibility of a large scale outbreak in a country with one of the weakest health care systems in the world led to borders being closed and restrictions placed on people's movement. No cases were confirmed in South Sudan by the end of the quarter.
There was a sharp increase in intercommunal violence, including owing to the leadership vacuum at the State and substate levels, where government institutions remained dissolved, which allowed seasonal and perennial inter  and intracommunal tensions to continue unchecked.
In December, the Logistics Cluster facilitated the transport of 558 mt of humanitarian cargo to 55 destinations on behalf of 48 organisations, of which 36% was transported by river and road.
The community affected is also in need of fishing nets and fishing hooks to help them in harvesting fish from the flooded rivers and streams
WHO is supporting the Ministry of Health to strengthen sustainable mass drug administration structures as a primary control strategy to prevent and treat residents for bilharzia in endemic areas of the country within the national and WHO guidelines for implementing mass campaigns in the context of COVID 19.
Supply of essential drugs for malaria and WASH related infections at all PHCUs and PHCCs
Most commonly reported water source : Borehole  ( 100% )
All NGOs and UN agencies report that they have systems and processes in place to ensure accountability to local communities. The patchwork of mechanisms used include internal monitoring and evaluation, codes of conduct, systems to ensure protection from sexual exploitation and abuse  ( PSEA ) , hotlines, desk or focal persons, complaint and feedback mechanisms, exit surveys, and informal communication with chiefs, elders and authorities to name a few. One international staff affirmed to researchers that their NGO does not have a specific person or department in charge of accountability, but that everyone from the project officers to the country coordinator applied it as a principle.9 A staff from another NGO simply said: “Everywhere we have mechanisms.'10 What has emerged is that many organizations, no matter the size or nationality, have a system, some specific to each project. At issue is not whether the systems and processes are in place, but if they are effective in the programming context, and if they are understood by communities themselves
In order to address the ‘African immunity' myth, which serves to downplay the potential negative impact of COVID 19 in South Sudan, humanitarians should make efforts to reiterate that there is no evidence to suggest that race, nationality, religious beliefs, or climate impact the spread of the disease. • Furthermore, as many of these rumors have religious connotations, religious and spiritual leaders should be engaged in developing localized countermessaging and highlighting the importance of abiding by social distancing and hygiene guidelines.
Most household opting to taking one meal and IDPs it even worst as most are relying on wild foods and host community.
AUGUST 2020: Flood response  A three phased response approach was launched to meet the needs of close to half a million flood affected people in low lying areas along the Nile River.
DECEMBER 2020: Scale up in food insecure areas  The humanitarian community scaled up assistance to save lives and avert collapse of livelihoods in six counties in response to the latest food security analysis.
In the Greater Pibor Administrative Area, WFP reached 93,540 people  ( 100 percent against the plan )  with 2,683 mt of food and nutrition items.
A polio vaccination campaign reached 31,603 children between ages of 0 59 months.
Migration in search of food was reported in most of the severely food insecure counties.
Majority of people expressed low seed level for the next planting season since all the plantations are submerged in water. And will not have seeds compare to last season when the flood was not severe.
Urgent, sustained humanitarian food assistance beyond currently planned levels is required to save lives and protect livelihoodsin the ongoing lean season and postharvest periods.
Intensify Risk Communication and Community engagement activities to create awareness among IDPS on danger of water prone epidemic/diseases in Wulu & Cueibet
Continued community engagements and the dissemination of migration agreements sustained peaceful coexistence between pastoralists from Warrap and host farmers in Western Bahr el Ghazal, as both resolved isolated incidents based on previously signed agreements. In Ruweng, pastoralists from the Sudan and host Dinka communities also renewed their commitment to uphold previously signed migration mechanisms, while local authorities agreed to allocate grazing lands to both sides and share water resources to reduce competition.
According to the RRC, there are 50,000 IDPs in Tonj South and following the Inter Agency Assessment Mission, the team reported over 6,971 IDPs  ( 1,163 households )  in Thiet, Jak and Tonj payams.
While severely food insecure households ranged between 8 14 percent in August of any year before the economic crisis, this jumped to 21 percent immediately after the crisis started to the current level of 32 percent.
1.6 MILLION Estimated Number of IDPs in South Sudan UN – July 2020
Food insecurity during the lean season is driven by high reliance on markets at a time when cereal prices are at their seasonal highest and most households have depleted their harvest stocks, as well as reduced volumes of fish.
Chronic malnutrition: 33 percent of children between 6 59 months
The protracted humanitarian and political crisis has negatively affected the already poor access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene services.
During the three months preceding the assessment in December 2019, 37 percent of households across country received food assistance, compared to 24 percent of households in December 2018 and 80 percent of households in December 2017. Of the households that received humanitarian assistance in December 2019, 29 percent received food assistance.
WASH: • Inadequate WASH NFIs  ( Buckets, jerry cans )  and dirty ones observed for fetching water/storage. • There is poor personal and communal hygiene since the communities evacuated their houses. • There are reported cases of water bore diseases like diarrhoea within community. • There inadequate containers for carrying water ( Aug 2020 )
Many people in the Northern Bahr el Ghazal borderland, and in Khartoum and Juba, believe that this underinvestment in the education sector and the borderland economy is tactical on the part of political and military elites, who benefit from the funnelling of young people towards military recruitment.
FOOD SECURITY & LIVELIHOODS : 4,685,000 people assisted with food and/or livelihoods and cash transfers
186 persons attending Protection, GBV and PSEA capacity building  ( 67 men and 119 women )  [ data by IOM as of Quarter3, 2020 ]
By the end of January 2021, WFP assisted a total of 263,556  ( 97 percent against the plan )  people living in Priority One Counties with over 7,800 mt of food and nutrition items.
Food security: Provision of vegetable seeds and tools to the affected farming communities for dry season. • Continue with vaccination of livestock • Engaged communities in the lowland and along the river Nile to either resettle in higher grounds or build flood control dyke around their homestead.. ( Aug 2020 )
In 2021, WFP requires USD 106 million to support nearly one million people planned to receive cash based transfers. December cash based transfers are ongoing with more than 407,600 people reached so far.
In November, Food Assistance for Assets  ( FFA )  cash distributions were completed for 2020 following finalization of the distributions in Northern Bahr el Ghazal. Around USD 10.5 million was disbursed in five states where the cash based transfer modality is used.
WFP, through the Logistics Cluster, provided a 10 x 32 m tent to the Ministry of Health and WHO, which has been installed as an expansion of the John Garang Infectious Diseases Unit for COVID 19 patient treatment. WFP has also contracted additional storage space for the expected delivery of Personal Protective Equipment from WHO/UNICEF, also open to all partners for COVID19 specific items
With the outbreak of COVID 19 in early 2020, and the initiation of preparedness and response plans to battle its transmission in South Sudan, particularly in the densely populated protection of civilians  ( PoC )  sites, various units in IOM embarked on reusable face mask production projects in different parts of the country.
Over 500 South Sudan nationals described as returnees escape quarantine in Renk, set up for covid19 at a secondary school after arriving from Sudan.  27March 2020
While the COVID 19 response is a health issue, it is bound to create a number of knock on effects that will have lasting impacts on communities in South Sudan, further undermining their coping mechanisms and capacity to manage future shocks associated with disease outbreaks, extreme climatic conditions and conflict.
The National Steering Committee  ( NSC )  and the Inter Agency Leadership Team have recommended discussions to mainstream COVID 19 into other response and coordination structures to strengthen incident management system in both the short and long terms for humanitarian and development activities, according to the Ministry of Health.
( UNMISS and OHCHR make the following recommendations  )  Release the report of the High Level Committee established by President Salva Kiir in June 2020 to address the root causes of the violence in Jonglei and GPAA.
In contrast to the low scale attacks typically carried out by Murle militias, an unprecedented number of about 7,000 were involved in the 16 May attack on Pieri. This offensive was swift and well coordinated, striking at the heart of SPLA IO/RM controlled territory. Pieri is also considered by the Lou Nuer as one of several important spiritual locations from which critical SPLA IO/RM decisions are taken with regard to northern Jonglei. 13
People assisted  ( August 2020 )  Female: 57% Male: 43%
IOM continues to provide shelter and non food  ( S NFI )  assistance to crisis affected populations in Warrap, Western Bahr el Ghazal, Jonglei and Central Equatoria states, in coordination with State Focal Points  ( SFPs ) .
Of the nine aid workers killed in 2020, eight lost their lives while delivering lifesaving assistance to people in Jonglei, and one in Lakes. Active hostilities and violence against personnel continue to impact humanitarian operations, with 245 aid workers relocated in 26 incidents from multiple locations across the country. Seventy per cent of relocations took place in Jonglei, halting essential activities for communities in need.
The people of South Sudan have limited access to optimal health services due to ongoing conflict, flooding and an underdeveloped health care system. Only 7.5 per cent of the 1,763 reporting health facilities provide basic health services
It is critical that governments, aid Agencies, local authorities and all relevant actors take account of these groups when planning pandemic containment measures, responses, and medium and long term actions to reduce the impact of these on national and local economies
The conflict in South Sudan is characterised by the displacement of over 1.5 million persons displaced internally and 2.2 million persons displaced as refugees.
9,744 individuals benefitting from IOM's Community Led Total Sanitation Program.  [ Quarter3, 2020 ]
The effects of policies implemented to stem the spread of the disease are far reaching, illustrated by recent accounts of small business owners running into economic hardship as in Bor Town or reported by UN Women.
At the same time, an upsurge in inter communal violence, particularly in Jonglei and Lakes, severely impacted humanitarian operations.
While the scale up targets the most vulnerable and acutely food insecure, there are an estimated 870,000 people are facing Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  or higher levels of food insecurity in the six counties
To mitigate the food consumption gaps, households are likely to rely on the availability of milk and other livestock products as animals return nearer homesteads, increased availability of wild foods, some access to fish, and delivery of planned humanitarian food assistance.
The Logistics Cluster transported 22mt of Non Food Items  ( NFIs )  cargo to 33 locations on behalf of 28 organisations, of which 44 percent were transported by road and river.
The 2021 Humanitarian Needs Overview South Sudan was released on 26 January. In 2021, some 8.3 million people  ( nearly 70 percent of the population )  need some form of humanitarian assistance. This is an increase of 800,000 people  ( 10 percent more )  from the 7.5 million people in need in 2020. Humanitarian needs are most concerning in the Greater Pibor Administrative Area with Pibor classified as the only county in catastrophic need. A total of 72 counties face extreme need while the remaining five are in severe need.
Localize conflicts, large scale displacement and conflict related disruption of economic activities and livelihoods have compromised the ability of households to generate income to meet their basic needs, including food thereby increasing the poverty levels. ( December 2019 )
The hospital in Panthou currently functions as a PHCU and requires additional resources and support to restore to be fully operational as a hospital.
As part of the CWC, using loud speakers ACTED continues broad casting COVID 19 and health care awareness messaging as well as other key humanitarians ‘updates inside the IDP site.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo  ( DRC ) , Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and Uganda continue to host South Sudanese refugees and to take steps towards their inclusion in national systems.
14% of schools were attacked in Unity.
Physical distancing and isolation are difficult to achieve in crowded PoC sites, collective centres and informal settlements where land is limited.
Recommendations: Mainstream Accountability to Affected Populations throughout interventions to better understand community perceptions of humanitarian assistance.
There are no specific nutrition stores in majority of the sites, one site is storing nutrition supplies in a metallic container and others in the same stores used for storing drugs.
Pupil to teacher ratio: 44:1
1.62 million internally displaced people  [ January 2021 ]
1.47 million internally displaced people  ( OCHA 2.2 million South Sudanese refugees  ( UNHCR )
PROTECTION PRIORITY NEEDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS : The isolated and separated children need to be reunified with their families and relatives during the flooding period which destroyed houses and forced many people to came and seek temporary resident in one place.
The security situation has been reported to be calm as the local authorities have banned the movement with guns.
138,336 families reached through partner's distribution  [  IOM UN MIGRATION ]
Funding needed by sectors:  Food security and livelihood: $22.1M Nutrition: $4.8M Health: $5M Protection: $6.9M WASH: $8.9M Logistics: $2.7M
According to Ministry of Health, 27th October 2020: Total cumulative cases in South Sudan is 2890, new cases are +142, deaths 56 and recovered 2669.
Thirty nine counties have been affected by the floods according to rapid needs assessments. Twelve counties are identified as the highest priority.
During the reconstruction period, the dynamics around agricultural work changed. As poorer families struggled to access good farmland and prepare it for cultivation, richer residents began to use cash to buy up land and invest in large scale farms. In particular, this happened in highly fertile areas such as Alel an ancestral area of the minority Luo ethnicity about 10 km west of Aweil town which had been evacuated due to raiding in the 1980s and 1990s
"Hundreds of" trucks are reported to be stranded in Elegu  ( UGA ) , bordering Nimule. The drivers are said to be awaiting clearance from South Sudanese authorities 10May,2020.
A cumulative total of 2 933 cases have been confirmed and 59 deaths with case fatality rate  ( CFR )  of 2.1 percent have been recorded, including 217 imported cases as of 1 November 2020.
UNICEF South Sudan is providing most of the existing cold chain in South Sudan which is used for storing all vaccines, including the COVID 19 vaccine.
Humanitarians' ability to reach people with the response scale up activities in food insecure areas of Warrap was severely impacted.
More than 90 per cent of the population practices open defecation, either because they do not have access to, or are not accustomed to using a basic sanitation facility.
During the reporting week, IPC pillar continues to strengthen coordination with Case Management and Risk Communication and Community Engagement  ( RCCE )  pillar, WASH Cluster and other sectors at national and state levels. Standard Operating Procedures  ( SOP )  for IPC in Health Care facilities was completed and endorsed by National Steering Committee for use.
Grass thatching cannot be found at the site immediately or at the current time; except for the dry season in December
23,687 individuals reached with Mental Health and Psychosocial Support  ( MHPSS )  services.  [ data by IOM as of Quarter3, 2020 ]
Businesses typically reduced wages by about half  ( 46% ) , or less than half  ( 34% ) . Consistent with this result, about one third of households  ( 34% )  reported that their income from waged work had fallen.
Where possible, some partners pooled transport resources together, and contributions by communities with porting supplies were useful to manage expenses and enhance proper planning of deliveries.
Mediators in Rome, belonging to Sant' Egidio, a lay Catholic community, should draw Cirillo into the national ceasefire process, as agreed in 2020, and push for credible talks to address core Equatorian grievances.
( 21 September – 4 October 2020 ) Total confirmed cases of COVID 19 in South Sudan 2734
Key Figure  ( October 2020 ) : 7.5 M People in need of Humanitarian assistance, 1.67M internally displaced, 188K persons living in PoC, 2.24M South Sudanese Refugees
Schools re open in South Sudan under the Phase 1 plan for Primary 8 and Senior 4. ( 5 October 2020 )
By producing 80 per cent of required electricity from photo voltaic  ( PV )  modules, IOM managed to reduce the size of the backup diesel generators and therefore CO2 emissions significantly.
136,938 people reached with CCCM services in Q3  ( IOM CCCM ) .
( 21 September – 4 October 2020 ) 69 individuals screened at Wunthou  ( Renk )  by IOM.
61 % of population practice open defecation
352K malnourished women  ( Jan Dec )
Nutrition Cluster : 41% that is, 230m required, 95m funded, 134m unmet.  [ 2020 HRP FUNDING  ( end September 2020 )  ]
As a result of the COVID 19 pandemic, South Sudan markets are under significant stress, as evidenced by price increases. Purchasing power is decreasing, as both formal and informal employment have significantly reduced.
500+ humanitarian staff hosted in 2 IOM managed logistics and humanitarian hubs.  [  IOM UN MIGRATION  ]
IOM continued COVID 19 screening and provided IPC/ WASH support at three POEs, namely Juba International Airport, Wau Airport, and Nimule Ground Crossing
IOM continued supporting the production of COVID 19 face masks. 20 women social mobilizers were selected and provided with training of trainers  ( ToT )  on COVID 19 prevention strategies to support in the distribution of the locally tailored reusable cloth face mask and awareness raising. The team distributed 17,220 locally produced face masks to 8,610 vulnerable individuals.
Common Transport Services also supported cargo movements and common use of infrastructure, such as the Bentiu Airstrip, through partnerships with authorities, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan  ( UNMISS ) , and other humanitarian agencies.
Health care providers and/or humanitarian agencies should ensure field based medical teams provide outreach support to older people through door to door visits for the older people. Where appropriate, they should also provide older people with PPE. This is especially important due to challenges in accessing health care facilities and a high prevalence of disabilities and chronic health conditions within the older population which may be exacerbated without treatment.
The COVID 19 outbreak and measures to contain the virus have exacerbated the protection risks and the movement restrictions have made it much more difficult for people to access critical child protection services.
No source of clean water was seen around the school.  [ Melut IDP settlements, Upper Nile ] ,  [ 12 13 January 2021 ]
Old Fanagak and all the villages; RECOMMENDATIONS ; Provision of water containers, Buckets Jerrycans and WASH items soap and filters clothes to improve clean drinking water
The BHA/USAID supported Internews South Sudan's COVID 19 response project has been producing lifesaving, fact checked content that corresponds to citizens' concerns around the COVID 19 pandemic starting June 2020
Screening at the Gate: Juba IDP Camps  ( 1 & 3 )   Yes Bor IDP Camp  Yes Naivasha IDP Camp  Yes Bentiu PoC  No Malakal PoC  No  [ As of 15 February 2021 ]
A total of 1.43 million people were reached with food assistance since August.
$2.5M required for emergency shelter/NFI flood response to 135,000 flood affected people
Cereals are purchased by households mostly once a month  ( 46 percent ) , with more frequent purchases done in Northern Bahr el Ghazal partly due to high dependence on markets. For pulses, nearly 50 percent never purchased from markets while 37 percent purchased once a month. Majority  ( 89 percent )  of the households bought food using local currency  ( SSP )  while the rest bought either on credit or through barter trade. Most of the purchases were on cereals  ( 52 percent )  particularly for maize and sorghum. Other food commodities purchased by relatively fewer households included; groundnuts, sugar, vegetable oil, beans and meat
GPAA, while immediately dismissing Governors and County Commissioners across the country. Disagreements between parties to the R ARCSS delayed the appointment of their successors. President Kiir finally appointed the Chief Administrator of GPAA31 on 29 June and the Governor of Jonglei on 15 July. In early March 2021, the Government appointed additional administrators, including county commissioners. While the local administrators might not have prevented this violence, their absence weakened existing mechanisms usually used to mitigate it.
( UNMISS and OHCHR make the following recommendations  )  Encourage humanitarian and development stakeholders to strengthen their protection related activities, particularly by reinforcing the capacity of national and local authorities to prevent armed violence in Jonglei and GPAA.
Government launched offensives in Wau Shilluk following the defection of Johnson Olony to the opposition in 2015. This tension was escalated further by the December 2015 Presidential order leading to the formation of 28 states, and subsequently redrawing the boundaries of Shilluk land.
Mangateen 1 & 2 IDP camps has 1,168 households and an estimated population of 2,851 males and 4,278 females.
In Don Bosco and Mahad, the assessment established that the majority of IDPs live in family individual shelters that are too small to accommodate a household of seven and above. Without any provisions for the increasing population since the sites were established in 2013, the condition remains dire. While some shelters have partitions, others don't. The rooms are not partitioned to separate families and to allow for some level of privacy.
Some 650 metric tons  ( MT )  of relief cargo have been delivered to Akobo, Ayod, Bor South, Duk and Pibor since September and 68 MT of cargo since the scale up was announced. Thirteen metric tons of relief cargo destined for priority areas are currently pending due to a flooded airstrip and will be dispatched as soon as waters recede.
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS  ( as reported for week 01 June   06 June 2020 )  : 600,000 people reached with critical WASH supplies/hygiene items and services
From 25 to 27 January, the Deputy Special Representative  ( Political )  for South Sudan visited Maban, where he engaged with key stakeholders, including representatives of the Ceasefire and Transitional Security Arrangements Monitoring and Verification Mechanism, communities, humanitarian partners and local authorities, and called upon all parties to immediately deescalate the situation and prevent the further loss of life and displacement of civilians.
Since July 2020, humanitarian passenger movement services were provided to deploy rapid response teams to flood affected locations not part of the regular schedule to Ayod, Duk, Jiech  ( flood relocation ) , Labrab, Pathai and Yuai
The highest proportion of households with acceptable food consumption are in Eastern Equatoria  ( 40 percent ) , Unity  ( 53 percent ) , and Warrap  ( 43 percent )  while the highest proportion of households with inadequate food consumption are in Central Equatoria  ( 84 percent  ) , Jonglei  ( 82 percent  ) , Western Bahr el Ghazal  ( 72 percent  ) , Upper Nile  ( 73 percent )  and Lake States  ( 72 percent ) . Apart from Unity State where 65 percent of households had access to humanitarian assistance. ( December 2019 )
Education : Installation of hand washing facilities  [ IRNA Report:  [ Melut IDP settlements, Upper Nile ] ,  [ 12 13 January 2021 ] |
The local markets that are operational in the affected locations have limited commodities and as such the few items which are in the market have their prices doubled which cannot be afforded by the affected population. A cup of sorghum costs around 250 SSP and a piece of biscuit costs 30 SSP, half kilogram of sugar costs 200 SSP, maize flour small packet cost 250 SSP in Wulu whereas, in Cueibet County, a cup of sorghum costs around 250 SSP and a small packet of biscuits costs 30SSP, a half kg sugar costs 200SSP, a small cup of maize flour  ( 125ml )  costs 250SSP..
Similarly, communal pit latrines are not being desludged. As such, most IDPs have opted to open defecation. With the coming of the rainy season, there is worry of a possible Cholera outbreak unless these gaps in WASH services are addressed.
[ South Sudan, 2019 ]  165,743 People in need in Central Equatoria, 288,514 People in need in Eastern Equatoria, 191,692 People in need in Western Equatoria, 442,651 People in need in Jonglei, 372,753 people in need in Unity, 362,386 people in need in Upper Nile, 344,019 people in need in Warrap, 128, 721 people in need in Wbeg, 292,255 people in need in NBeG, 219,565 people in need in Lakes.
However, Internews media partners continue to report that citizens belief that the opening of borders, schools, worship places and relaxation of restrictions must mean “that COVID 19 is over'. Journalists also reported that some of the schools and worship places did not fulfill the government guidelines when opening services again. Misperceptions about masks and negative attitudes towards those wearing masks also continues to be a challenge
South Sudan:  Cumulative cases: 3009 New cases: +177 Deaths: 59 Recovered: 2774  [ Source: Ministry of Health, 17 November 2020 ]
There is need to provide some health and nutrition intervention.
Of the nine humanitarian workers killed in 2020, eight lost their lives in Jonglei and GPAA  ( Greater Pibor Administrative Area  ) . All were South Sudanese.
Health partner to extend health services to those health facilities not active currently due to lack of support from HPF 3  ( Wudu PHCU )
There are movement of cattle seen as they search for higher ground hence settle near or far from the community leading to unpredictable movement with their livestock that may destroy remaining crops since it is not yet seasonal movement.
WHO South Sudan donated 2 severe acute malnutrition with medical complication kits to Concern Worldwide and CARE International. The kits are enough to treat 100 severely malnourished children with medical complications in Kuach and Mankien PHCC stabilization centers in Unity State.
A total of 2,954 recoveries from covid 19 were recorded and a total of 59,081 diagnostic tests had been performed. ( November 2020 )
This cross border political economy fuels a common feeling of despair and entrapment among people living in the borderlands. Many people feel trapped by the prospect of repeated disasters, such as business collapse, unaffordable illnesses, climactic pressures on farming and risky migrations across borders to unstable neighbours
Up to week 37, 2020; there were 409 cases of HEV in Bentiu PoC including 4 deaths  ( CFR 0.01% ) .  ( HEPATITIS E IN BENTIU POC  )
The IOM managed Common Transport Services  ( CTS )  is a free for user service that transports critical humanitarian supplies for humanitarian actors in close coordination with the Logistics Cluster in South Sudan. CTS serves as a critical link in the supply chain, enabling humanitarian assistance materials that arrive from regional and international suppliers to rapidly move onwards to partners located deep in the field to reach beneficiaries in remote and hard to reach locations.
South Sudan Situation update  ( as of 1st November, 2020 )  : 2,905 confirmed COVID 19 cases in South Sudan; 85% in Juba with 58 deaths and a case fatality rate  ( CFR )  of 2.0%. Total 9,498 conxtacts identified, quarantined, & undergoing follow up.
39,985 individuals are vaccinated including around 7,7000 high risk contacts by Health Cluster;  [  EBOLA UPDATE IN DRC  ( as of 30th October 2020 )  ]
During this period, Abiemnhom and Pariang in Ruweng Administrative Area, Mayendit, Panyijiar and Rubkona counties will be classified in Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 ) , whereas the rest of the counties will be classified in Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  acute food insecurity.
Restricted trade movements both:  ( a )  Internal: from Kapoeta to Juba through Torit, Pibor, Awerial & Terekeka corridors, Ameit market  ( serves Abyei, Unity, Warrap and parts of Northern Bahr El Ghazal ) , Wau  ( serves Gogrial, Tonj, Warawar in NBeG )  and  ( b )  External: cross border trade with Uganda/Sudan affects livestock keepers' ability to meet their essential needs. Therefore, interventions must help ensure adaptation of appropriate measures and practices, so that the key players  ( traders and pastoralist/agro pastoralist etc. ) , along the livestock supply chain, are not further at risk of COVID 19 transmission and their means to exchange livestock and earn income/ barter is not compromised.
The displaced population, as observed, lacked the required materials and financial capacity required to meet their urgent shelter and S/NFIs needs.  [ Melut IDP settlements, Upper Nile ] ,  [ 12 13 January 2021 ]
Ultimately, in a consultation involving the MoGEI, the Education Cluster, the donor and Organization 2, Organization 2 was selected to take over and harmonize all incentives in Akobo, based on a decision taken in 2018 that Education Cluster partners' incentive coverage will be limited to PoCs and areas where IMPACT is absent. The decision regarding the change in the payment of incentives was communicated via email to staff in Organization 1 in Akobo, who in turn had to notify the teachers and administrators about the changes. Organization 2 was selected because it was implementing the project elsewhere in South Sudan with the MoGEI, however its incentive payment system would not accommodate monthly payments. A key consideration for all actors in the education sector was to ensure equality of incentive payments for teachers across the country, as well as the recognition that reducing the double payments of incentives freed up resources for other education program activities.
Particularly in Unity State, Common Transport Services  ( CTS )  represents a valuable asset for the Beyond Bentiu Response  ( BBR ) , enabling partners to transport humanitarian supplies in the most efficient, secure, and reliable manner, through a well coordinated process to deep field locations  ( mainly in Koch, Leer, and Mayendit ) . During the COVID 19 movement restrictions, CTS trucks continue to support timely distributions of food and non food items to deep locations within Unity State such as Ding Ding, Koch, Leer, Mayendit and Mayom. In addition, CTS trucks were also used to deliver cargo to Tonj and Raja in Western Bahr el Ghazal during quarter 2.
Demand from the international community and government did not counterbalance the loss of business from consumers. With a large presence of humanitarian actors in South Sudan, the UN and NGOs are important customers for businesses and traders – both through their procurement and through demand from their employees.29 While in the longer term, demand must eventually emerge from private business activity, humanitarian actors are important in the short run, and steady demand form them could have cushioned some of the loss of business from households. Regrettably, this has not been the case. Of the businesses interviewed, nearly two thirds  ( 64% )  said that public and non profit entities were usually important customers. Of these businesses, seven in ten  ( 69% )  said they had seen demand from these customers decrease since the onset of the pandemic – including nearly half of respondents  ( 49% )  who had experienced a decline by at least half.
The COVID 19 pandemic, falling oil prices, and locust infestation have dramatically changed the macroeconomic outlook over a relatively short period of time. Economic growth prospects had improved prior to the COVID 19 pandemic, with South Sudan benefitting from increased production and a higher oil price, helping the economy to recover some growth during FY2019.
While both older people in the POCs  ( Protection of Civilians )  and in urban Juba are experiencing many challenges the lack of humanitarian support in urban Juba is particularly concerning. Therefore, we recommend greater prioritization of older people by humanitarian agencies in these areas.
After every serious fire, a roundtable meeting is held as per standard practice and minutes shared with interested parties to agree upon immediate actions to be undertaken
Further violence in 2015 and 2016 resulted in an increase in the number of civilians seeking protection in the PoC, ultimately peaking at 165,000.
The Presidency announces a relaxation of COVID 19 measures as of 8 May 2020 including a curfew from 10pm 6am and the loosening of other congregation restrictions without their complete repeal.  7May,2020
The South Sudan G o v e r n m e n t confirmed its first case of COVID 19 5 april 2020
Armed clashes between Sudan People's Liberation Army In Opposition  ( SPLA IO )  loyalists and a SPLAIO breakaway faction in Central Equatoria State's Kajo Keji County prompted civilian displacement on September 28, the UN reports. Following the fighting, an unknown number of civilians crossed the South Sudan border to seek shelter in Uganda, while others fled from the nearby Korijo IDP settlement due to rising tensions within the camp and fear of additional clashes, USG partners report.
Disagreements on the allocation of states to parties had delayed the appointment of governors and the ensuing leadership vacuum contributed to the instability and increasing levels of violence and communal conflicts in the first half of the year.
26.2 per cent of IDPs, or 369,644 individuals, and 26.8 per cent of returnees, or 369,235 individuals, live in settlements that do not have on site health facilities/services and are further than three kilometres away from the closest off site health service provider.