nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
Dr Hashem is one of many aid workers serving more than 40 000 people who have fled their homes since violence erupted in early April in Tripoli. While the majority of families are staying with relatives, others are staying in temporary shelters. “These are old schools or old apartment buildings that had been closed,' says Dr Hashem. “They are not meant to be a place of residence.' One school he visited was housing more than 20 families almost 100 people.
Dr Sharif says that one key goal for WHO is preventing the spread of diseases, like acute watery diarrhoea, for people in close quarters. There are also concerns about the spread of vaccine preventable diseases, especially if vaccination schedules were interrupted when families fled with their children. “Since they were displaced from their homes and live in collective shelters, children of displaced families are susceptible to infectious diseases due to weak immunity,' says Dr Sharif. “WHO is in coordination with the National Center for Disease Control and UNICEF to ensure all displaced children are vaccinated against killer diseases.'
An acute food shortage persists in the Qasr Bin Ghasheer, Abusliem, Triq al Sika, Al Sabaa, Tajoura, Janzour and Gharyan DCs, where Food Security Sector partners have estimated more than 2,600 persons require urgent food assistance.
Migrants said they were not allowed out to see the sun, and the head of the center would often deprive them of food and water for days as a form of punishment. Those who were given food got only a small plate of pasta or couscous each day and had to share water that a few detainees were allowed to fetch once a day in buckets.
In detention centres, the sites where refugees and migrants intercepted at sea are returned to and can be held indefinitely, humanitarian organisations and human rights groups have documented torture, ill treatment, forced labour and sexual abuse.
The International Criminal Court must order an urgent investigation into an abhorrent attack on the Tajoura immigration detention centre in eastern Tripoli, Libya, in which at least 40 refugees and migrants were killed and more than 80 injured, said Amnesty International.
A military strike on a detention centre for migrants in Libya that claimed dozens of lives on Tuesday Jul. 2 has reignited a debate over the poor treatment of the mainly African people who transit through the turbulent country.
Following the escalation of armed conflict in Suq Al Khamis, Aziziya and southern Tripoli on 05 April, over the past 24 hours at least 310 households  ( approximately 1,550 individuals )  have been displaced to other areas in Tripoli, Bani Waleed and Tarhuna.
According to IOM staff on site Thursday, 350 migrants – among them 20 women and four children – remain in detention there.
As of 30 June 2019, a total of 52,902 asylum seekers and refugees are registered with UNHCR in Libya. A total of 4,340 individuals have been identified by UNHCR and its partners to be currently in one of the accessible Libyan detention centres.
Fifty three migrants are confirmed dead, among them six children following Tuesday's airstrike on the Tajoura detention centre. Over 130 people were injured. The more then 600 migrants detained at Tajoura represented at least 17 different nationalities, mainly African.
The shocking attack on the Tajoura detention centre that caused the death of dozens of refugees and migrants and injured many more, including children and women, is a stark reminder of how the war in Libya is affecting civilians. We condemn it in the strongest terms.
On average, the migrants reported to be sharing their room with 6 other people, and those who paid for their shelters self reported to be paying an average of 78 US dollars per month for their accommodation. The cost of rental accommodations used as shelter by the migrants surveyed ranged from 15 US dollars to 500 US dollars.
Libyan respondents most frequently reported that community members were displaced to Tripoli centre or outside of Tripoli, finding shelter with host families  ( relatives ) , and self rented apartments. Similarly, non Libyan respondents most frequently reported reported that community members were displaced to Tripoli centre and outside of Tripoli with host families  ( relatives ) , host families  ( non relatives )  and schools being the most common types of accommodation for displaced persons.
The central parts of the municipality of Ain Zara were partially and indirectly affected by the ongoing clashes. However, some areas of the municipality  ( assessed and elaborated separately below )  were directly affected due to their close proximity to the ongoing armed conflict.
Minister of State for Displaced Persons Affairs, Yousef Jalala met on Monday, the committee tasked with providing the needs of IDPs of Murzuq Municipality, following the clashes that erupted in the town last month.
The Italian Embassy in Libya has condemned the repeated attack on Mitiga International Airport and endangering the lives of civilian passengers.
Regarding protection incidents, 40% of interviewed Tawerghan key informants reported that protection incidents have slightly increased since the beginning of the conflict. The rapid protection assessment results have shown that the main protection risks for Tawerghan IDPs have been arbitrary or unlawful arrest and detention, death of civilians because of indiscriminate attacks, and restriction of internal movements. All Tawergha key informants reported that nobody in Tawergha community has received eviction threat since the beginning of the conflict.
Due to high insecurity near the frontlines as a result of the clashes in and around Tripoli, areas like Tarhouna, Gharyan, Surman and Zintan became difficult to reach from Tripoli. Enhanced interaction with the parties to the conflict is crucial to enable humanitarian access, to increase humanitarian response in support of people in need.
An estimated 2.5 million migrants were in Libya before the 2011 revolution1 – it offered the best job opportunities in the region and the economy was heavily dependent on the migrant workforce in many sectors  ( oil and gas, construction, health, agriculture, etc. ) .
Depending on where Sudanese migrants were surveyed in Libya, the routes taken differed significantly. Out of those surveyed in the East, 2% travelled to Egypt first before reaching Libya where as 98% entered Libya directly. 27% of Sudanese nationals surveyed in the South reported entering Libya through Chad while the remaining 73% entered Libya directly. Out of those surveyed in the West, 2% reported entering through Chad, 1% through Egypt and 1% through Chad and Niger respectively, the other 96% have not transited through other countries.
Out of the interviewed migrants, about one third were women respondents. Furthermore, around two thirds of the sampled population group was found to be under the age of 34, including 11 percent of minors  ( between 14 17 years ) . Out of these children, 34 percent were identified as unaccompanied minors. Similar results relating to children were also captured in the latest Flow Monitoring Report on Migrants in Libya11
Food security and markets in the assessed municipalities were reported to be adversely affected by the ongoing armed conflict. In only two of the assessed neighborhoods  ( Hai Alandalus and Abusliem )  it was reported that most of the grocery stores and supermarkets were open, while for all of the remaining municipalities assessed grocery stores and supermarkets were reported to be negatively affected to varying degrees  ( Fig. 2 ) . Even when grocery stores and supermarkets were reported to be open, 87% of the key informants reported that the residents were not able to purchase most of their needed items.
Most displaced households are currently staying with family and in private accommodation in different neighborhoods and suburbs of Tripoli, as well as along the coastal line in Western Libya and the Nafusa mountains; please refer to the second page of this report for more details. Over 1,500 internally displaced persons have been accommodated in collective shelters set up by local authorities.
Asaad al Jafeer, a Libyan Red Crescent employee who works at the shelter, said his organisation is struggling to provide for the approximately 150 people living in the school, including more than 40 children and six pregnant women. Most are from Sudan and Eritrea, and have already survived multiple conflicts and sometimes horrific journeys to get to Libya.
The Man made River Authority  ( MMRA )  said that the armed group which stormed the main power station on Thursday continues to prevent the operation of well fields and the pumping of water, despite power has been restored to areas of the southern region; the underlying cause of their shutdown to water supplies to other regions.
UNHCR's report, ‘desperate journeys' also confirms that the Libyan Coast Guard stepped up its operations with the result that 85% of those intercepted in the newly established Libyan Search and Rescue Region  ( SRR )  were disembarked in Libya.
At another level, sources confirmed the killing of the notorious leader in Haftar's forces, Mohammed Ashtawi, known as "Al Kubba" after a dispute between him and the so called Tariq Ibn Ziad battalion of Haftar, over the distribution of ammunition.
For his part, spokesman for Fezzan Rage movement denied that they had closed the field, noting that the threat nevertheless persists, especially that there has been no improvement in living conditions, nor the availability of liquidity in banks, in addition to the electricity and water problem, which has been cut off for three consecutive days, as well as the high rate of crime in the south, as he put it.
94% of returnees managed to retrieve their former house. Severe damages to house occurred in Benghazi, Sirt and Tawergha city. However, government has committed to fund reconstruction of private houses.
In total, UNHCR transferred more than 1,200 refugees and migrants from detention centers which were in the vicinity of the conflict zone to alternative locations and evacuated more than 580 refugees to Niger from April 4–June 7. Some refugees and migrants have been reluctant to relocate to other facilities within Libya due to perceived poorer conditions at the facilities or a desire to be evacuated out of Libya, the UN agency reports
Although meeting food needs was not found as a main challenge for many respondents, there is still a significant group of migrants who show high levels of vulnerability to food insecurity.
Migrants have sometimes been left underfed or deprived of assistance because of corruption or power struggles among guards and officials, aid workers say. During militia battles, migrants have been abandoned to their fate.
Just under half  ( 42% )  of respondents cited multiple economic and non economic factors underlying their decision to move. Moreover, the majority of those referring to violence and insecurity also reported economic drivers, highlighting the interconnection between drivers of migration and forced displacement.
Over 100 people are missing, many feared drowned in today's shipwreck off Libya, according to the first accounts of survivors treated by MSF teams in Libya. The survivors were rescued by fishermen and returned to Khoms. Eyewitness accounts of those involved in the rescue said there were at least 70 bodies in the water.
Twenty nine KIs  ( 45% )  indicated that they had heard of community members being irregularly arrested since the start of the conflict, 24 of which reports pertained to the arrest/detention of migrants or refugees. Reports of Libyans  ( particularly IDPs, and IDPs of eastern origin )  were also made by 11 KIs. The numbers of persons arrest was widely unknown with the most common figure being 5 10 for their community  ( only 3 KIs mentioned more than 50 persons ) .
In 2018, changes in the median cost of the Minimum Expenditure Basket  ( MEB ) 3 over time were divided into two distinct phases by the imposition of economic reforms in mid September 2018, which included a 183% tax on foreign currency transactions designed to narrow the gap between the official and parallel market exchange rates for the Libyan dinar  ( LYD )
Approximately 4,000 IDPs sheltered in 47 collective centers as of May 24; however, the numbers of IDPs sheltering in collective centers frequently changes as people often use the facilities as short term shelter solution, according to the UN.
11% of respondents indicated the presence of unexploded ordnance  ( UXO )  in their location  ( 7% of Libyans KIs and 14% of non Libyans indicated the presence of UXO on their locations ) . The most common KI location pertaining to these reports was then neighbourhood of Adhora, Tripoli baladiya.
While fewer refugees and migrants cross the Mediterranean Sea, data shows that more of them are likely to drown – in 2018, 1 in 14 people who made the perilous journey died at sea, while in 2017 it was 1 in 38 people. In the meanwhile, disputes continue to arise about safe disembarkation of migrants, including many children.
Save the Children supports migrant and refugee children in Italy and Spain: we witness the anxiety, fears and disorientation children suffer after being detained in Libya and experiencing distress at sea.
There are 52,900 refugees and asylum seekers registered with UNHCR in Libya. The majority are Syrians  ( 44 percent ) , Sudanese  ( 21 percent ) , and Eritreans  ( 14 percent ) . Over the past six months, 1,296 refugees and asylum seekers departed for solutions out of Libya.
Further conflict will only result in more death, destruction, and suffering for the Libyan people. Both sides have the capacity to cut off supply lines for food, water, fuel, and medicine. Prolonged conflict will cost more lives and damage hospitals, schools, roads, and other vital civilian infrastructure.
Similarly, not all needed medication and medical supplies were reported to be accessible to the affected population from the local markets. Furthermore, limited purchasing power compared to market prices further constrained access to the needed medical supplies.
Reported priority needs of the returnee families include food items  ( like cooking fuel, baby milk ) , non food items  ( like diapers and hygiene kits )  and medical supplies. Furthermore, at least 60 families within Murzuq's host population were reported to be affected due to damage to their houses. Reportedly, most migrants relying on daily labour work in Murzuq were unable to work for nearly a week.
WASH: Water availability was only partially reported, with some neighborhoods reporting water shortages. No sanitation services were reported to be available, and limited cleaning services were reported.
Refugees and migrants, on the other hand, faced significant linguistic, financial, and social barriers to accessing healthcare, the last of which included discrimination and a fear of being arrested at healthcare facilities.
However, due to insecurity, female doctors reportedly tended to avoid working at night, which presented a major potential issue in specific fields such as obstetrics.
The temporary closures of bakeries were also explained by power outages  ( 3/8 )  and a diminished migrant workforce  ( 2/8 ) . According to baker KIs, migrants working in bakeries had been gradually leaving Libya between 2014 and 2017 due to the depreciation of the Libyan dinar, which led to a rise in salaries, as Libyans work on contracts that follow national wage laws.
Initial information from Ghat Municipality indicates that there are about 6,400 school age children in Ghat and the 22 primary and secondary schools are closed. The floods have damaged six schools; extent of damage is yet to be determined.
As of 14 July 2019, a total of 53,412 asylum seekers and refugees are registered with UNHCR in Libya. A total of 3,514 individuals have been identified by UNHCR and its partners to be currently in one of the accessible Libyan detention centres.
In early January 2019, at the time of the ABA data collection, the median price of 1 piece of bread sold by baker KIs was 0.50 LYD  ( 2.50 LYD for a standard bag of 5 pieces of bread ) .4 Between March and October 2018 in Azzawya, the median price of bread had increased by 48.4% as a result of flour shortages; it then decreased by 25.0% between October 2018 and January 2019 due to the renewed expansion of the letter of credit system following the September 2018 economic reforms.
Women and girls who have fled their homes require support with basic personal items such as menstrual pads, sanitary napkins, underwear and bath soap to maintain health and dignity while in displacement.
Since the start of the evacuation operation from Libya in late 2017, a total of 3,890 persons  ( including unaccompanied children )  have been evacuated to Niger  ( 2,911 ) , Italy  ( 710 )  and the ETC Romania  ( 269 ) . As of 14 July 2019, there were 1,327 evacuees from Libya remaining in Niger, including 205 evacuated unaccompanied children.
The armed conflict has also affected markets, negatively impacting food security situation of the displaced and affected populations, and has also disrupted the provision of services in several affected areas.
As reported by education KIs, even though the vast majority of children could access education via public schools, the minority who were not enrolled in public schools usually received private education, implying that at least some affected families had sufficient income for this expense. When the education provided did not meet the children's needs, parents mostly coped using three different strategies:  ( 1 )  transferring their children to public schools in another area,  ( 2 )  enrolling them in private schools, or  ( 3 )  compensating for deficiencies with additional private lessons.
The number of casualties of three day clashes is 225: 44 dead and 181 wounded. Of these, 10 are civilian casualties.
According to the 2018 MSNA, for most Libyan households across the country  ( 43% ) , a lack of qualified medical staff was the primary barrier to accessing healthcare. While this was also true in Azzawya, the percentage of households reporting this as a primary barrier was lower  ( 23% ) .
The shelling in Wadi Al Rabie and Ain Zara damaged the electric lines. There is a continuous shortage of gas and petrol in most districts in the west and western coast; in some areas the price of benzene in the black market has doubled.
Health facilities and pharmacies were affected by the floods, impacting on the medical service provision. Among the flooded facilities are Ghat hospital and its warehouse.
The number of casualties as of this time surpassed 100 which include 17 dead and 85 wounded. With the exception of one civilian wound in Zintan and one medical doctor who was killed during the field emergency response, rest of casualties are military. As Sabea, Tarhouna, Al Zawiya, Misurata, Zintan, Gharyan and Sabratha general hospitals received injuries.
The situation of Ghat municipality, south – west Libya, has been stable since 7 June. the weather has cleared up and water flood levels dropped in most areas after heavy rains shocked the far southwest municipality of Ghat and its peripheries since 28 May. Area 304, Chinese Company area, Bent Libya, Alberket and Fayout were among the areas that have been badly affected.
With regards to Non Food Items, the commodities most in need were reported to be fuel, mattresses, and diapers. In addition, baby milk / formula, and essential medicines were also reported to be in need due to their scarcity
More than 1,000 refugees and migrants are thought to be trapped in detention centres in Gharyan and Qasr bin Ghashir, in close proximity to ongoing hostilities. Already among the most vulnerable populations in Libya, this group now faces the risk of becoming caught in cross fire. Detainees at Gharyan report that no drinking water is available at the facility.
Displacement numbers continue to rapidly increase with over 13 500 individuals already displaced  ( most of them staying with family and acquaintances ) ; people displaced in collective shelters has increased to over 900. There have been 881 requests for evacuations, only 119 could be successfully conducted.
UNHCR continues to call for an end to detention in Libya. UNHCR estimates that 5,100 refugees and migrants are held in Libyan detention centres, of whom 3,600 are of concern to UNHCR. Currently, 3,200 refugees and migrants remain in detention centres located in conflict areas.
According to the IOM DTM of June 2018, there were still 192 513 IDPs and 372 741 returnees in Libya. 51% of IDPs are below 18 years old and 10% are above 60.
Saturday and Sunday saw the Libyan Air Force carrying out air raids on Wadi Rabea and Tripoli International Airport, destroying military vehicles and killing at least 13 fighters from Haftar's forces.
Since 2016, 372 741 displaced persons have returned to their area of origin and been confronted with collapsed public services. 96% of the returnees reported that there has been no regular access to medicine.
On 2 July during the night, two airstrikes hit the Tajoura detention centre  ( DC ) , in which refugees and migrants are held, on the eastern outskirts of Tripoli. At the time of reporting Health Sector partners indicate at least 53 refugees and migrants were killed and 130 injured, with credible reports of six children amongst those killed. Reportedly, bodies of those killed are still being recovered from the rubble. The DC was apparently struck twice, with one missile hitting an unoccupied garage and another hitting a hanger which contained some 120 refugees and migrants. There are reports that following the first impact, some refugees and migrants were fired upon by guards as they tried to escape.
In addition to the threat posed by armed conflict, conditions in detention centres are characterised by severe overcrowding, insufficient access to health care, food, clean water and sanitation facilities. Tajoura DC is amongst several DCs where provision of food is severely lacking, with refugees and migrants receiving one meal a day.
Their plight has been blamed by NGOs on an agreement between EU nations and the Libyan coastguard to prevent the migrants from reaching Europe's shores by boat.
According to figures from the International Organization for Migration, at least 5,200 people are currently trapped in official detention centres in Libya, mostly from troubled countries such as Sudan, Somalia and Eritrea.
The indiscriminate and disproportionate use of force in the fight for the control of Tripoli's suburbs since 4 April has resulted in Tadjourah detention centre getting hit by an airstrike on 2 July. The centre, which accomodates refugees and migrants, is located next to armed base. At least 53 people were killed  ( including 3 children )  and 130 others injured.
The attack is an appalling breach of international law and the imperative to safeguard civilians from conflict. It also highlights the additional plight of the thousands of migrant women, men, girls and boys arbitrarily deprived of their liberty in detention centres across Libya, where the UN has documented degrading, inhumane and unsafe conditions, including torture, ill treatment, forced labour, enforced disappearance, rape, and a lack of access to food and essential medical care, among other serious human rights violations.
The airport of Mitiga has been a permanent target of hostilities by Haftar's militias, since the outbreak of Tripoli's war, despite being a civilian airport and is considered the only air link in Tripoli, which is inhabited by some 3 million people.
The fighting has threatened to plunge Libya into another bout of violence on the scale of the 2011 conflict that ousted longtime dictator Moammar Gadhafi and led to his death. The oil rich country is split between two warring governments, each backed by militias that control different cities and towns.
Less than one percent of the estimated population of refugees and migrants in Libya are in detention centers approximately 5,600 people in total.
Since April 2019, more than 100,000 people have been driven out of their homes due to the ongoing fighting. Germany is therefore increasing its contribution to the International Committee of the Red Cross  ( ICRC )  by 500,000 euros to a total of 1.5 million euros as emergency aid for internally displaced persons.
The humanitarian situation in Libya has steadily deteriorated since April 2019 as a result of ongoing hostilities. More than 1000 people have been killed and more than 100,000 people have had to leave their homes or neighbourhoods.
As of 21 July 2019, a total of 53,591 asylum seekers and refugees are registered with UNHCR in Libya. A total of 3,431 individuals have been identified by UNHCR and its partners to be currently in one of the accessible Libyan detention centres.
Meanwhile, an uneasy calm has descended on fighting frontlines with some skirmishes with the Libyan Army remaining in positions gained in vast areas across southern Tripoli.
The Chairperson of the African Union Commission Moussa Faki Mahamat condemns in the strongest possible terms, the car bomb attack in Benghazi, Libya, that killed five people, including United Nations personnel.
The Security Council convened an emergency meeting today, roundly condemning a car bomb explosion in Libya that killed two United Nations staff members and injured scores of others, including civilians, in the northern port city of Benghazi.
The violence has continued to intensify over the last few days despite international condemnation. On Monday, an air strike at Migita International Airport temporarily closed the only functioning airport in Tripoli. The seriousness of the violence cannot be underestimated – if it continues to escalate, more families will be put at risk and forced to flee their homes in a country that's in turmoil.
Fuel: Fuel shortages, already reported prior to the escalation of violence, were reportedly further exacerbated by the current crisis as well as increased demand due to limited public service provision.
According to the United Nations  ( UN ) , in 2018 an estimated 823,000 people were in need of humanitarian assistance in Libya, including 248,000 children. Approximately 50 per cent of people in need were Libyans and 50 per cent refugees and migrants.
As of 28 July 2019, a total of 50,392 asylum seekers and refugees are registered with UNHCR in Libya. A total of 3,442 individuals have been identified by UNHCR and its partners to be currently in one of the accessible Libyan detention centres.
With the local health system compromised, people need medical care,' said Dr Jaffar Hussain, WHO Representative in Libya. “There are cases of people who are sick from drinking contaminated water or have flood related injuries.'
Two separate air strikes had killed 19 suspected militants in southern Libya, the U.S. military had previously said.
About 650 women displaced in the collective shelters are in need of dignity kits. UNFPA and their partners provided 180 kits and an additional 470 are needed.
The majority of IDP families are currently staying in private accommodation in different neighborhoods of Tripoli, the Nafusa mountains and various locations along the coastal line of Western Libya. IDP families displaced to locations close to areas with ongoing clashes remain at risk, along with host community members providing them with shelter.
The latest development also weakens the pro Hafter forces concentrated down on the plane in and around the disused Tripoli International Airport, leaving them isolated and vulnerable.
Presidential Council  ( PC )  member, Mohamed Amari Zayed has discussed with Minister of Transport, Milad Matouq measures to resume air traffic at Mitiga Airport.
Some 5,000 refugees and migrants are detained in facilities under the control of or linked to the GNA, Salame said. Some 3,800 of these were on the front lines of fighting in the North African country's civil war.
UNHCR is very concerned for the safety of some 3,300 refugees and migrants being held in detention centres. In several detention centres, particularly in the western area, people are in urgent need of medical treatment. Food is in short supply as catering companies are facing difficulties with access. Water and sanitation facilities are in disrepair.
There are 5,700 refugees and asylum seekers currently trapped in detention centers in Libya. Those who are detained are kept in cramped, overcrowded cells and given no indication of when they'll be released. The conditions are atrocious and people are completely reliant on other people bringing them water, food and medicine. The fighting in Tripoli could leave them stranded without a way to meet these basic human needs.
Armed clashes have been particularly heavy in the southern districts of Tripoli, killing and wounding civilians, displacing thousands of families and critically impact access to basic services, water, and shelter.
In July 2018, Human Rights Watch researchers visited four detention centers in Tripoli, Misrata, and Zuwara where they documented inhumane conditions that included severe overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, poor quality food and water that has led to malnutrition, lack of adequate healthcare, and disturbing accounts of violence by guards, including beatings, whippings, and use of electric shocks.
Most IDP families are currently staying in private accommodation in different neighborhoods of Tripoli, the Nafusa mountains and various locations along the coastal line of Western Libya, while over 3,000 IDPs are hosted in collective shelters. IDP families displaced to locations close to areas with ongoing clashes remain at risk, along with host community members providing them with shelter.
Following heavy rainfall in early June, Ghat and surrounding areas were heavily affected by floods, with water levels reaching up to two meters in affected areas. Subsequently, over 5,075 people were displaced from flood impacted areas, including around 450 migrants from Niger, Mali, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mauritania and Sudan.
The devastating floods that recently hit the city of Ghat, south west of Libya, left thousands of people homeless, caused power and communication breakdown, damaged houses and public infrastructure, and put the city on risk of health disaster due to the mixed sewage and rainwater.
Including those victims at Tajoura, some 3,300 migrants and refugees remain arbitrarily detained inside and around Tripoli in conditions that can only be described as inhumane. Moreover, migrants and refugees face increasing risks as clashes intensify nearby. These centres must be closed.
The on going armed conflict has affected approximately 1.5 million people, including more than half a million children, who live in conflict affected areas in Tripoli and other cities in western Libya. Disproportionate and indiscriminate use of explosive weapons has driven thousands of families from their homes in highly populated areas of Tripoli. As of April 12th, over 9,500 individuals have been displaced; this number continues to rise.
Clashes in Murzuq, southern Libya, have resulted in the displacement of over 9,400 individuals since the beginning of August. The main needs are linked to the lack of medical supplies and assistance, food, WASH and core relief items  ( CRIs ) . This week, UNHCR responded to the displacement of civilians  ( IDPs )  in Murzuq in coordination with its partner LibAid.
Significant numbers of civilians remain stuck in areas affected by conflict, such as Sawani, Azizia, Qasr Ben Ghashir, Khallet Forjan, Ain Zara and Wadi Al Rabee, unable to move to comparatively safer areas. To date, first responders have received some 881 requests for evacuations. However, only 119 evacuations could be successfully conducted, and only eight of them occurred in the last 24 hours.
Just yesterday, on 11 April, indiscriminate artillery shelling on densely populated and residential areas in Al Swani in the southern outskirts of Tripoli resulted in the death of one civilian and three injuries, two of whom remain in critical condition. Within just in one week, three medical personnel have been killed and five ambulances have been incapacitated by shrapnel.
This number includes the deaths of three medical staff and the injury of one health worker. Additionally, five attacks on ambulances have been verified, including reports of two ambulances belonging to field hospitals which were hit by the shrapnel. Furthermore, the electricity supply to some fourteen areas south of Tripoli, including Al Furjan and Wadi Al Rabeeb, has been affected after some poles and electricity lines were damaged in the fighting.
Clashes between the Government of National Accord  ( GNA )  and the Libyan National Army  ( LNA )  erupted south of Tripoli on 4 April, immediately impacting the civilian population in and around Tripoli. While frontlines became unchanging, armed clashes continue and are particularly heavy in the southern districts of Tripoli, with use of heavy artillery and airstrikes on both sides.
The field, south of Zawiya port in western Libya, and which produces around 290,000 barrels per day  ( bpd ) , was shut late in July by an armed group.
Prior to the shutdown, Libya was producing 1.2 1.3 million bpd, a six year high for the OPEC member which has struggled to return to a pre civil war capacity of 1.6 million bpd.
People with special needs, people with mental health issues, and people chronic illnesses are in critical need of healthcare support.
Around 1,300 individuals have been displaced from Murzuq to Jufra and Benghazi in the East of Libya.
At least 90 civilian people killed and more than 200 injured as a result of the violent clashes which escalated early this month, including the air strike that targeted the area on 4 August.
UNHCR teams are providing the survivors with medical and humanitarian assistance. This latest incident follows just weeks after a shipwreck where some 150 lives are estimated to have been lost in the worst single incident on the Mediterranean this year.
Preliminary findings indicated widespread disruption to markets  ( bakeries, food and NFIs )  and infrastructure  ( water supply, sanitation and electricity )  in Murzuq town. The entire area continues to experience electricity outage with very limited telecommunication means.
Ongoing violence between multiple factions further aggravates an unstable environment, with ongoing political rivalries and violent struggles within the country.
The United Nations Support Mission in Libya  ( UNSMIL )  deplores the ever increasing and systemic attacks on airports in western Libya, including Zuwara and Mitiga. These attacks have endangered the lives of thousands of civilian travelers, including UN staff and humanitarian workers.
In Ghat, Murzuq and Ubari respondents reported that new IDP families have arrived in the last month due to the ongoing conflict  ( between 7 and 20 households per location approximately ) . Most of the respondents from surveyed locations, with the exception of Ghat and Sebha, indicated that migrants are in need of humanitarian assistance  ( food, protection and health ) , especially the ones from Sub Saharan Africa.
Humanitarian partners are further extremely concerned of the disproportionate and indiscriminate use of explosive weapons in highly inhabited areas and urban settings, and call on parties to the conflict to protect civilian infrastructure, such as water and sanitation installations, schools, medical facilities, humanitarian warehouses, and power stations.
Due to ongoing conflict, access restrictions and indiscriminate targeting of first responders, only 58 out of 580 families who registered for evacuations from areas particularly affected by hostilities could be brought to comparatively safer places to date.
Most cases of civilians trapped in proximity to the fighting have been recorded in areas in the south western and eastern outskirts of Tripoli  ( such as Wadi Alrabee, Al Ahyaa Al Beria, Aziza and Souq al Khamis )  and greater Tripoli  ( the ElKeheli neighborhood of Ain Zara ) . Families who remain stranded inside conflict affected areas report to not only fear for their safety, but also to slowly run out of fuel and food.
During the week, two commercial vessels disembarked 77 refugees and migrants at the Tripoli Commercial Port. The number of disembarkations in 2019 drastically decreased when compared to data collected during the same period in 2018  ( 3,622 individuals )  and 2017  ( 3,387 individuals ) . Recently, departures of boats took place from areas surrounding Tripoli, including near Azzawya and Al Khums.
The Secretary General condemns in the strongest terms the car bomb attack today in Benghazi, Libya. Three United Nations colleagues were killed in the bombing and three others are among the injured.
In late July, airstrikes conducted by the Libyan National Army targeted two field hospitals and two ambulances, killing at least four doctors and one paramedic and injuring at least eight other medical personnel. Despite repeated wide ranging condemnation and with blatant disregard to international humanitarian norms and conventions, these merciless attacks have continued, where two precision airstrikes targeted yesterday a field hospital in Aziziya neighbourhood, reportedly injuring at least four medical staff.
Newly arrived El Hillo is reminded of the hundreds of thousands of civilians affected by the armed conflict. The air strikes two days ago that injured several children at the Equestrian Club in the Janzour neighborhood of Tripoli marks one of the lowest points in this conflict. The following day, a field hospital in the Gaser Ben Gasher neighborhood of Tripoli was hit resulting in the death of one doctor and injury of two paramedics.
Most families previously displaced within neighbourhoods of Murzuq City have also left the town to nearby communities,' an IOM statement read. “Reported displacements include around 300 migrants from Niger, Chad and Nigeria.'
Deterioration of the security situation was identified as the most significant driver of displacement in Libya. An overwhelming majority of key informants  ( 97% )  reported that IDPs had left their places of origin because of insecurity.
Several reports from Protection Sector partners confirm widespread arbitrary detention throughout the country, with reports of ill treatment and torture in some facilities. In most cases, detainees were not informed of the reasons for their arrest, were not charged, were denied access to lawyers or a judge, and were held incommunicado for prolonged or indefinite periods.
Some 123 Sudanese who were stranded in Libya due to military confrontations in and around Tripoli arrived in the capital Khartoum on Thursday.
To curb human trafficking, In January 2014, the Sudanese parliament approved an anti human trafficking law which punishes those involved with human trafficking with up to 20 years imprisonment.
As of 25 July, 4,166 refugees and migrants were rescued/intercepted at sea by the Libyan Coast Guard in 2019. On 25 July, 147 refugees and migrants were rescued after a shipwreck and disembarked in Al Khums. During the event, over 100 individuals went missing at sea. So far this month, 480 refugees and migrants were disembarked in Libya.
Three children   two brothers and their cousin – have died of suffocation and burning after a fire broke out at their home, in Beirut Street, in Benghazi, due to short circuit.
All flights have been diverted to Misrata, a two and a half hour drive east of Tripoli.
In the most conflicted affected areas, there is an increasing sense of desperation. UNHCR staff in Libya say people are afraid to leave their homes. Water is in short supply, power is regularly cut off and there is scarce access to food, fuel and other key basic items.
As has often been the case in the past year, this rescue seems to have been conducted in a context of confusion with the competent authorities. At least 692 people have died attempting to cross the Central Mediterranean this year alone.
There was also some minor damage to infrastructure, parked cars and shrapnel damage to one aircraft.
There is an overall lack of casualty and disability data collection and analysis, both in the mine action community and non mine action community that prevents accurate and informed decision making and programming of relevant stakeholders.
There are approximately 5,000 migrants and refugees, including children, hosted in 20 detention centres across the country. Since the inception of the conflict in Western Libya on 04 April, 3,800 migrant and refugees are being held in detention centres in Western Libya close to conflict lines putting them at increased risk.
The Secretary General is deeply saddened by the news that some 150 refugees and migrants lost their lives after the boats they were in capsized off the coast of Libya on 25 July. Children and pregnant women are among the missing.
He is also concerned by reports that many of the survivors rescued by the Libyan coast guard were placed in the Tajoura migrant detention centre, which is close to a military facility and was hit by an airstrike on 2 July that resulted in more than 50 deaths.
Heavy flooding in south western Libya has displaced over 4,000 people and affected more than 20,000. Four people, including three children were confirmed dead as a result of the heavy rainfall and floods. Another 30 people suffered minor injuries.
While flood levels have subsided in most areas, houses and public infrastructure, including farmlands, roads, schools and Ghat hospital were severely affected.
According to a recent REACH report, shelters, community spaces and public infrastructure were reported significantly or partially damaged in conflict areas. Shelter needs remain particularly high for refugees and migrants that have been displaced by the fighting as they do not have access to the same information about available shelter and services, nor the same level of extended family/social support networks as Libyans.
As shown in the map above, main people in need are migrants  ( 288,000 ) , refugees and asylum seekers  ( 125,000 ) , Internally Displaced People  ( IDPs, 97,000 ) , returnees  ( 165,000 )  and host communities/non displaced people  ( 148,000 )  affected by the crisis across the country. Overall people with the most severe needs are located in the Mantikas of Sirt, Alkufra, Murzuq and Sebha24, as shown in the map below.
As the conflict continues, vulnerable people – including displaced women, children, refugees, migrants, and persons with specific needs – are at higher risk because of their exposure to violence, increased lawlessness, shortages of basic goods such as food and water, and limited access to basic services such as healthcare. Boys and girls, particularly vulnerable and traumatized by conflict and displacement, require specialized services and psycho social support.
In 2019, Libya entered its eighth year of insecurity and protracted conflict. Its economy is in crisis, basic infrastructure is damaged, security threats and severe shortages of cash liquidity have undermined the future prospects of the Libyan population and affected their livelihoods and their access to basic social services.
KIs reported that frequent security incidents had taken place at these checkpoints, particularly those on the road between Ubari and Sebha, including robbery, detention, kidnapping, sexual harassment, and theft of identity papers. Instances were reported of both Alahali and Tebu IDPs being harassed at or denied passage through certain checkpoints due to their community identity.
In March, an estimated 62 individuals who had been displaced to Tripoli were reported to have returned
The majority of migrants from Al Aziziya municipality were reported to have left the municipality and relocated to safer locations. Reports on a small number of migrants staying in relatively safer locations within Al Aziziya were also received, while widespread market closure was reported.
Libya earned 20.2 billion Libyan dinars  ( $14.3 billion )  in oil revenues in the first eight months of the year, the central bank said in a statement on Monday.
Global oil prices fell sharply last month on signs of a slowing world economy and the on going trade war between the United States and China.
Spokesman Ayoub Gassim said a rubber boat carrying 38 migrants, mostly Egyptians, was stopped on Tuesday off the coast some 65 kilometers, or 40 miles, east of the capital, Tripoli. He said the migrants were transferred to the Tajoura detention center.
The NOC noted that while 2018 represented a five year revenue record, the year ended under difficult circumstances. It explained that a complex security situation in the south of Libya and a near three month illegal armed blockade of Libya's largest oil field – Sharara – which only ended on March 4, 2018 – has significantly affected oil revenues.
The Libyan Air Force of the Presidential Council's government has struck positions for Khalifa Haftar's forces in Urban town and a military convoy between Tarhouna and Bani Walid, in addition to ammunition depot and operations room near Tarhouna.
The source added that another strike hit a military convoy coming from Shuwirif town to Tarhouna   between Bani Walid and Tarhouna   destroying six vehicles including two tanks and Howitzers launchers.
Since the beginning of the offensive in Tripoli, 4 health workers have been killed, 4 have been injured, 12 ambulances have been impacted and 2 health facilities were evacuated as a result of armed clashes, shelling and airstrikes.
Two months after an armed conflict began in Libya's capital in April 2019, nearly 100 000 people had fled their homes to escape bombings and airstrikes. Many are living with relatives. The recent conflict has compounded the difficulties and uncertainty of Libyans, who have endured years of upheaval.
Spokesman for Sabha Medical Centre, Osama Al Wafi, disclosed on Sunday, that the centre has experienced three armed attacks within just 36 hours.
The humanitarian situation in and around Tripoli has deteriorated sharply over the past three weeks. More than 30,000 people are said to have fled their homes and are sheltering with relatives or in public buildings.
The management of Mitiga Airport has confirmed that air traffic will remain suspended until further notice.
The Libyan Army forces under the command of the Presidential Council's government launched an attack on Khalifa Haftar's forces positions in Urban town, some 30 km to southeastern Gharyan, and managed to enter and seize most of the town, a source from Burkan Al Ghadab  ( Volcano of Rage )  Operation said on Wednesday.
The Libyan Interior Ministry said the decision to transfer police officers to the military brigades of Khalifa Haftar, whose forces are waging war on Tripoli, is an attempt to involve security personnel in military operations, for which they are not fit.
In his latest update on the Libyan situation to the UN Security Council yesterday, the head of UNSMIL, Gassan Salame said that there has now been over 100 civilian deaths, 300 injured and 120,000 displaced as well as fighter deaths ‘‘in the low thousands'' as a result of the war launched by Khalifa Hafter to ‘‘liberate'' Tripoli on 4 April this year.
Faiez Serraj, head of Libya's internationally recognized Presidential Council and Government of National Accord, held an expanded meeting yesterday to discuss increased investment in the country's oil sector.
However, the political instability of the country and weak central and institutional control has meant the majority of Libya's budget is spent on state sector salaries  ( 58 percent )  and subsidies – rather than on investment and development projects  ( 5.3 percent ) .
The internationally recognized Libyan government led by Faiez Serraj and the United Nations condemned Saturday's attack on Mitiga airport which led to civilian casualties. The attack was attributed to the Khalifa Hafter forces attacking Tripoli.
Some 5,000 migrant women, children, and men remain detained in inhumane conditions in Libya. Over 3,000 are detained in areas of active conflict where they are at heightened risk.
Out of the total number of migrants identified, 602,216 individuals  ( 92% )  originated from 19 different African countries while 50,934 individuals  ( 8% )  came from 10 Asian and Middle Eastern countries. The top five nationalities identified were Nigerien, Egyptian, Chadian, Sudanese and Nigerian. Those nationalities represent 71% of the migrants identified in Libya.