nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] This is attributable to the beginning of the rainy season that comes with an increase in malaria and other prevailing diseases. The main morbidities recorded were malaria 2,687 cases representing 15% of total consultation, diarrhoea 1,414 cases representing 7.9% of total consultations and Acute Respiratory Infections  ( ARIs )  4,594 cases representing 25.6% of total consultations most of which were cases of common cold. Similarly, 447 suspected measles cases  ( representing 2.5% of total consultations )  were recorded across PUI facilities within the month and were reported to the DSNO and WHO as it is required. Most of them did not need hospitalization and were treated as outpatients at the facilities. Line listing was also done and submitted to the DSNO while 517 new SAM cases recorded within the month were admitted to PUI OTPs and SC.
[ 14th July 2021, Nigeria ]  One reason we believe this public health investment counts is the age differential in willingness to take the vaccine. Children  ( 12 17 years old )  are six percentage points less willing than adults to take the vaccine when it becomes available in Nigeria. Having missed much of the 2000s' polio campaign, younger people may be less familiar and comfortable with vaccines than the older generations. There are potentially a number of other reasons for this discrepancy. One possible source is related to young people's reliance on peer networks and different trusted sources, which could make them or less aware of – and possibly less receptive to – today's official public health campaigns about the pandemic.
[ 12th July 2021, Yobe State ] Some internally displaced persons  ( IDPs )  who are among the 54,000 in displacement sites and host communities nine weeks after fleeing Geidam and Yunusari LGAs have started returning home, according to the State Emergency Management Agency  ( SEMA ) . The restoration of mobile telecommunication services in the two LGAs is the major motivation, as the IDPs had earlier indicated that the lack of access to timely security information due to damaged telecommunications infrastructure was a factor discouraging their return. Some 126,000 IDPs had returned in previous weeks, and with reports of relative stability of security and gradual resumption of markets, more returns can be expected over the coming weeks, especially as wet season farming activities commence.
[ 12th July 2021, Yobe State ] Ongoing insecurity and attacks over the past months that have damaged or destroyed critical infrastructure  ( particularly health facilities )  are impacting efforts to scale up critical services. This includes risk mitigation/preparedness activities for COVID 19 and acute watery diarrhea/cholera, especially as the ongoing rainy season has increased the risks of waterborne disease outbreaks. Geidam, Yunusari and Gujba are among the areas worst affected. Farming activities, which are critical to mitigate impacts of alarming food insecurity during the lean season, are also impacted ongoing insecurity. Partners are working with government to explore measures such as the use of Rapid Response Teams  ( RRTs )  to delivery vital supplies across the affected communities.
[ 25th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  says 216 people tested positive for coronavirus on Sunday. The latest positive samples of COVID 19 were recorded in eight states, according to the agency's update for July 25.
[ 14th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The increased food prices coupled with a high unemployment rate speaks of the growing misery index of Nigerians and declining ability to purchase food. The contributing factors are enormous as emphasised in our previous reports; a combination of government and market failures. Restating the key drivers, insecurity, adverse weather conditions, lack of storage facilities, increased energy tariffs, land border closure policy and the Coronavirus Pandemic made critical impacts. This begs the question, how do 40.1% Nigerians who were already below the poverty line before the Pandemic purchase food considering the exacerbating effect of the Corona virus?
[ 12th July 2021, Borno state ] Over the past week, nearly 60,000 IDPs across three Maiduguri camps, including Gubio  ( 30,448 ) , Dalori 2  ( 11,375 )  and Stadium  ( 17,400 )  were issued tokens used for identification and collection of return packages in previous relocation exercises. Many of the registered IDPs are originally from Bama, Mafa, Magumeri, Konduga and Kukawa LGAs. Kukawa is still inaccessible to international aid agencies due to ongoing insecurity, while access to Magumeri LGA has also become more challenging in recent months following the surge of non state armed group  ( NSAG )  illegal vehicle checkpoints along key routes in the area. OCHA is following up with BSG lead agencies to collate more information and ensure principled and multistakeholder approach to relocations that guarantees civilian safety, dignity and continued access to critical services and assistance.
[ 14th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Beyond the components of the Jollof index, other food items surged significantly as reflected in the prices of other staples like garri, egusi, beans, palm oil etc. In Port Harcourt, a four litre paint bucket of garri, which sold for N1,200 at the end of March, rose to N1,500 by June 2021, an increase of 25%. In the same period, a paint bucket of beans, which sold for N1,500, now sells for N1600. A bucket of tomatoes rose from N700 to N1050, an increase of 50%. A big bag of melon seeds, a key ingredient for the popular egusi soup, rose from N43,500 to reach N61,500, marking an increase of 41.4%. A bag of yellow corn rose from N25,000 to N32,000, an increase of 28%, while a bag of pepper climbed to N26,500 from N15,000, marking a 76.7%. increase.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]  WASHINGTON, July 28  ( Reuters )    The U.S. government on Wednesday will ship nearly 10 million doses of COVID 19 vaccines to two of the most populous African countries   Nigeria and South Africa   as the continent battles a third wave of infections, White House officials said. Four million doses of the Moderna  ( MRNA.O )  COVID 19 vaccine will go to Nigeria and 5.66 million doses of the Pfizer  ( PFE.N )  vaccine to South Africa, the officials said.
[ 26th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The NCDC further noted that testing negative following their treatment, a total of 164,798 persons infected with the virus, have been discharged.
[ 26th July 2021, Nigeria ]  According to NCDC, Lagos, Nigeria's COVID 19 epidemic centre, on Monday, reported 157 cases, and was followed by Rivers State with 20 cases. Plateau State, North central Nigeria, ranked third on the log with 12 cases while Oyo State in the South west region and the South eastern state of Enugu reported six cases each. Meanwhile, while Gombe State reported three cases, Bauchi, Imo and Kaduna reported two cases each. Edo, Ekiti and Ogun reported one each.
[ 26th July 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] The conflict's gendered impact on education is not yet clear. Teachers surveyed have reported a reduction in girls' attendance due to fear of attack and abduction. But Bertoni et al. find nearby Boko Haram activity to be associated with a greater reduction in overall education attainment for boys rather than for girls. This could be due to a greater impact on the educational enrolment of boys, but it could also be due to the loss of educated men in the community or because men's educational attainment started from a higher base.
[ 12th July 2021,Lagos state ] Lagos state, home to the commercial capital, has been the epicentre of Nigeria's COVID 19 pandemic. It has confirmed 60,366 cases since the outbreak began   nearly 36% of the country's total. There are self isolation requirements for all incoming passengers, and arrivals from red list countries Brazil, India, South Africa, and Turkey, must quarantine in a government facility. But Sanwo Olu said that 15% of Lagos state arrivals from red list nations had absconded, while authorities could not reach 18% of other incoming passengers.
[ 12   18 July 2021, Nigeria ] Gombi: 55 arrivals and 1,094 departures were recorded in Gombi LGA of Adamawa State. The arrivals included 43 individuals from Gwoza LGA in Borno State and 12 individuals from Yola North LGA in Adamawa State. The departures included 1,042 individuals to Hong LGA in Adamawa State, 33 individuals to Girei LGA in Adamawa State and 19 individuals to Michika LGA in Adamawa State. Ninety two per cent of the movements recorded were a result of the improved security situation in areas of origin, 4 per cent were voluntary relocation and 4 per cent were due to seasonal farming.
[ 14th July 2021, Nigeria ] We urge the government to begin to deal with the factors that are within its power. First, is to reverse the unnecessary fixation on domestic food production, and rather prioritise the availability of cheap food, whether domestic produced or imported, and providing the support everyone needs to produce or bring in food. Second, the government needs to remove the politicising of security and deal with it across the country, but even more specifically in the food producing areas of the country. In many parts, farmers have abandoned their farms for nearly a decade now due to insecurity. As many of the respondents in our research indicated, they now do menial jobs in the cities, while their farmlands are taken over by bandits and terrorists.
[ 12   18 July 2021, Nigeria ] Askira/Uba: 204 arrivals and 79 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno State. The arrivals included 111 individuals from within Askira/Uba LGA in Borno State, 54 individuals from Hawul LGA in Borno State, 26 individuals from Chibok LGA in Borno State and 13 individuals from Mubi North LGA in Adamawa State. The departures included 45 individuals to Song LGA in Adamawa State, 21 individuals to Gwoza LGA in Borno State and 13 individuals to Madagali LGA in Adamawa State. Eighty per cent of the movements recorded were a result of the improved security situation in areas of origin, 15 per cent were due to poor living conditions and 5 per cent of the movements recorded were voluntary relocation.
[ 22nd July 2021, Northern Nigeria ] In recent years, the terrorist insurgency by Boko Haram, coupled with counterinsurgency by the Nigerian army and rampant attacks on communities by armed cattle herdsmen, have affected much of northern Nigeria. This has led to massive numbers of internally displaced persons, disrupted livelihood activities, reduced access to basic health and social services, and exacerbated infections, food insecurity, and malnutrition in the area. The 2017 Assessment Capacities Project Crises Profile report described food insecurity in Adamawa State in northeastern Nigeria as dire, with over 257,000 people facing some form of food crisis. The COVID crisis has only increased these conditions.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Coronavirus infections in Nigeria surged to the highest level in almost five months as a third wave of cases spreads in Africa's most populous nation. More than 88% of the infections are in the commercial hub of Lagos, which said earlier that the increase signaled the start of a third wave.
[ 28th July 2021, North West,  Nigeria ]  Earlier this month, some 150 students were kidnapped near the northwest city of Kaduna, and more than 1,000 students have been abducted across Nigeria since December 2020.
[ 21st July 2021, Nigeria ]  Abuja, 21 July, 2021   Response to the coronavirus pandemic notwithstanding, data indicate that there has been an increase in annual tuberculosis  ( TB )  case notification due to strategic intervention by the National Tuberculosis, Buruli Ulcer and Leprosy Control Program  ( NTBLCP ) , in collaboration with World Health Organization  ( WHO )  and other stakeholders working on TB control and elimination in Nigeria. For instance, in 2020 a total of 138,591 cases were notified;15 % higher compared to 106,533 and 120,266cases notified in 2018 and 2019 respectively. Also, comparing first quarters of 2019, 2020, 2021 case notification are 28,823, 33,132 and 43,838  ( 32% increase in Q1 2021 compared to Q1 2020 )  respectively.
[ 16th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Food Availability: As expected with the onset of the lean season, more than half of households  ( 60.3 percent )  in most the inaccessible LGAs have reportedly depleted last season's harvest or have limited food stocks remaining, with disproportionately higher proportion of such households situated in Bama  ( 87 percent ) . For the few households  ( 40 percent )  that reported availability of food stock at the time of departure from their places of origin, one in every two of such households  ( 51 percent )  only had stock that would have lasted for three months or less.
[ 16th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Illness of household members is prevalent in the areas covered in this assessment as consented to by 84 percent of the respondent new arrivals. The least occurrence of illness among household members is reported in Guzamala  ( 50 percent ) . Children under 5 years of age were most vulnerable to illness as reported by 58 percent of the new arrivals, followed by children between five and 18 years  ( 51 percent ) . Illness of under 5 year old children is most common in areas of Ngala, Askira Uba, Chibok, Damboa, Konduga and Geidam; while illness of people older than 60 years and pregnant/lactating mothers is reported by 10 percent and 6 percent respectively. The most common type of illness across the areas is fever  ( 83 percent ) , cough/flu  ( 48 percent )  and rashes/measles  ( 26 percent ) .
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The Islamic State West Africa Province  ( ISWAP )  has clashed with Boko Haram and stepped up its attacks against Nigerian security forces in recent months. Since Boko Haram's leader reportedly killed himself by detonating a suicide vest earlier this year, it remains unclear how many new recruits ISWAP will gain as that conflict evolves.
[ 20th July 2021, Adamawa state ] Risk Communication/Social Mobilization • Broadcast of weekly Community Radio Program by Radio Nigeria Fombina FM and Adamawa State Broadcasting Corporation  ( ABC )  Radio specifically on promoting compliance to safety protocols, voluntary testing, wearing facemask and handwashing is currently ongoing based on the following schedule: • Fombina FM Radio  ( FM 101.5 ) : Thursday 10.30 – 11.30am  ( with repeat broadcast on Saturday, 12.00 – 1.00pm ) . • ABC Radio  ( AM 1440 ) : Wednesday, 4.30 – 5.30pm  ( with repeat broadcast on Friday, 1.00 – 2.00pm ) . The Covid 19 centered community radio programming will run from weekly for four  ( 4 )  months. Ongoing daily broadcast of 10 jingles per day in Radio Nigeria Fombina FM, 10 jingles per day by Gotel Radio; 10 jingles per day by ABC Radio, 5 jingles per day by Pulaako FM and 5 TV jingles per day in Adamawa State Television.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]   Recent reports also suggest that Biafran separatists in Nigeria and Anglophone rebels in Cameroon may be forming an alliance to coordinate their respective movements. Gangs of “bandits,' as they are known, have also proliferated in Nigeria, leading to a relentless rise in kidnap for ransom, extortion, cattle raids, theft, and looting. The tactics of these criminal gangs have evolved as the pandemic offers them time and opportunities “to strategize and plan worse attacks,' according to one community member in the Katsina region of northern Nigeria.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]   Amid this violence, the pandemic and response measures have caused severe economic hardship and have exacerbated existing scarcity of basic resources, affecting communities in both urban and rural areas. As a community member in Plateau State in central Nigeria recalled, “The hunger people went through, as a result of the economic hardship they faced during the pandemic, forced many to resort to criminal means of generating income.'
[ 28th July 2021,North East, Nigeria ]  Food insecurity steadily increased in the last few years in Nigeria but almost doubled between 2019 and 2020, with more than 10 million people estimated to be facing crisis level food shortages currently. Of those, 4.4 million are concentrated in the northeast of the country, where more than 2.7 million people are displaced from their homes by violent conflict.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Despite the staggering humanitarian need, international donors have committed only about 20 percent of an outstanding $1 billion appeal. The American Rescue Plan that Congress adopted in March 2021 and President Joe Biden signed into law commits $11 billion in U.S. foreign assistance to address COVID 19. But when – and the extent to which   these funds will reach Nigerians in need remains unclear.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]   The World Bank predicts Nigeria's GDP growth will lag that of other sub Saharan countries both this year and next. The average economic growth predicted across Sub Saharan Africa is 3.4 percent in 2021 and 4.0 percent in 2022, but for Nigeria it is 1.9 percent and 2.1 percent respectively. Lost or dramatically reduced wages have at once heightened the risks of corruption and the temptation of joining criminal enterprises to generate income, which in turn feeds people's sense of insecurity and fuels the potential for violence.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Over the course of the pandemic, growing evidence points to fraying social bonds within families as well as reduced trust amongst communities, both of which have contributed to disputes that often turn violent between and within groups. The rise in social tensions in Nigeria is consistent with a rise in the “temperature of politics' and growth of confrontational politics observed in many parts of the globe, a trend that predates the pandemic but seems to have accelerated during it.
[ 28th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Policymakers and practitioners should be sure to listen to and support local communities in Nigeria. Only then can they work cooperatively to ensure pandemic related humanitarian assistance and development efforts are not only context sensitive but also address the varied specific needs of those struggling the most with the dual contagion of coronavirus and conflict.
[ 22nd July 2021, Nigeria ]  According to the data released by the disease centre, Lagos reported 124 new cases followed by Rivers State with 27. Also, Sokoto State ranked third on the log with nine new cases while FCT recorded eight, and Oyo and Ekiti States recorded six and five cases respectively. Delta State recorded four cases and Plateau, one.
[ 22nd July 2021, Nigeria ]  Meanwhile, with the new cases confirmed on Thursday, the country's total infection has risen to 170,306 while a total of 164,772 persons infected have been discharged so far after treatment. The disease centre added that unlike Wednesday when two deaths were recorded, no new death was reported on Friday, keeping the death toll at 2,130.
[ 26th July 2021, Bay states Nigeria ] Agricultural production, the dominant economic sector in the region, has been severely cut . Buildings and transportation infrastructure have been destroyed, while road closures and military bans have impeded the movement and sale of certain goods. Many businesses are fully or partially closed, investment is reduced, and market activity is suppressed. A World Bank assessment estimated cumulative GDP losses from 2011 to 2015 at $6.21 billion  ( $3.54 billion in Borno, $1.57 billion in Adamawa, and $1.1 billion in Yobe ) .
[ 15th Jan   15th Feb 2020, Nigeria ]  Prior to the dip recorded in January 2019, the numbers of IDPs had been rising since the beginning of 2018 as can be noted from Figure 1. Round 25 of assessment had identified 2,026,602 IDPs which was in keeping with a steady trend of increase in number of IDPs over the last few months. The most affected State of Borno continues to host the highest number of IDPs at 1,506,537 which is an increment of 9,666 people or less than 1 per cent from the 1,496,871 that were recorded in the last round of assessment that was conducted in December 2019. Even as the overall numbers did not go up significantly, mobility in form of population movement within LGAs was high as per the assessment.
[ 31st Jul 2021, Nigeria ]  34% mentioned other factors which includes, marketplaces and not adhering to the preventive measures can also increase the severity of COVID 19 outbreak in their communities, 33% said cultural practices of hand shacking, praying and eating together can also increase, another 33% mentioned not adhering to preventive measures and guidelines put in place.
[ 15th Jan   15th Feb 2020, Nigeria ]  It is also notable that the number of displaced persons in Borno has not gone down though populous LGAs of Gubio, Guzamala, Kukawa and Nganzai continued to remain inaccessible to DTM enumerators due to insecurity in Round 31. The steady increase in IDP numbers in Borno coupled with the populous LGAs in the state being inaccessible can be interpreted as an indication of continued population displacement and high mobility in northeast Nigeria. Borno's capital city of Maiduguri Metropolitan Council  ( MMC ) , which hosts the highest number of IDPs among all LGAs in the region, recorded an increase of 3,396 displaced persons taking its tally to 282,946 on account of influx of new arrivals from Gubio, Gajiganna and Tungushe and other LGAs facing growing insecurity
[ 15th Jan   15th Feb 2020, Nigeria ]  In keeping with the trend observed in the last few rounds, 58 per cent  ( no change since the last round of assessment )  of all IDPs were living with host communities  ( Figure 8 )  during Round 31 assessments with the remainder  ( 42% )  residing in camps and camp like settings. Out of all the six states, Borno continues to be the only state where the number of people residing in camps and camp like settings  ( 54% )  is higher than that of individuals living with host communities. In all other states, people living with host communities far outnumbered those in camps and camp like settings.
[ 15th Jan   15th Feb 2020, Nigeria ]  RETURNEES: A total of 1,673,862 returnees were recorded in the DTM Round 31 assessment, an increment of 62,186 or 4 per cent from the 1,611,676 persons that were identified as returnees in the last round of assessment that was conducted in December 2019. The number of returnees is showing stabilization after many rounds of assessment when it had been increasing successively. Thirty nine LGAs were assessed for returnees in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe during this round of assessment which is same as the number assessed in DTM Round 30. All three states showed an increment in returnee numbers. In the most affected State of Borno which hosts 41 per cent  ( up from 39% )  of all returnees, the number of returnees increased from 631,722 to 685,630  ( 9% increase since Round 30 assessment ) .
[ 4th August, 2021, Nigeria ] On 4th August, 2021 alone, Nigeria recorded 747 confirmed cases  ( cumulative  176,011 )  with four  ( 4 )  deaths  ( cumulative   2,167 ) .
[ 26th July 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Insurgent violence and terrorism carried out by Boko Haram and Islamic State's West Africa Province  ( ISWAP )  remain the major driver of insecurity across north eastern Nigeria and the Lake Chad region. The effects of the insurgency and the persistence of insecurity are inseparable from the region's pre existing socio economic deprivation and harsh environmental conditions. The BAY states, Borno, Adamawa and Yobe, were not only some of the poorest states in the country prior to conflict, but they also continue to bear the brunt of its effects.
[ 3rd August, 2021, Nigeria ] Key points ● There were 70 suspected Lassa Fever cases, five were laboratory confirmed and no death were recorded from three LGAs in two states
[ 26th July 2021, Bay states Nigeria ] The conflict has also led to a food crisis. Over 920,000 children in Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe are estimated to have global acute malnutrition  ( GAM ) , while over 288,000 have severe acute malnutrition  ( SAM ) . Insecurity has also rendered 85 percent of Borno territory inaccessible to humanitarian agencies, constraining the ability to provide aid. The FAO estimated that in the lean season  ( June through August )  of 2020, 3.6 million people in the BAY states would be severely food insecure, a nearly 20 percent increase from the 2019 season.
[ 26th July 2021, Bay states Nigeria ] Conflict has also damaged houses, roads, bridges, schools, health facilities, and public buildings. Electricity, energy, and telecommunications networks have been destroyed or damaged. Construction work was halted while investment stalled, putting planned improvements on hold. An estimated 75 percent of all water and sanitation infrastructure was destroyed. A World Bank assessment estimated the cost of conflict's damage to infrastructure and social services across north eastern Nigeria at nearly $9 billion  ( $6.9 billion in Borno, $1.2 billion in Yobe, and $829 million in Adamawa ) .Though reconstruction has already begun in some areas, progress has been uneven.
[ 26th July 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Conflict and gender : Conflict in north eastern Nigeria has affected men and women in different ways and worsened pre existing gender inequalities. Men make up the majority of direct conflict deaths and have been subjected to abduction and forced recruitment by Boko Haram as well as mass arrests, human rights abuses, and extrajudicial killings. Women and children make up 80 percent of the displaced population. Displaced women have limited options for work and survival, and have difficulties accessing resources. Widows often struggle to retain access to property and savings that may be claimed by a deceased husband's relatives.
[ 3rd August, 2021, Nigeria ] Key points ● There were five suspected cases of cerebrospinal meningitis  ( CSM )  reported from three LGAs in three states  ( Enugu – 1, Osun – 1 & Oyo – 3 ) . None were laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded.
[ 3rd August, 2021, Nigeria ] Key points ● There were 32 suspected cases of Yellow Fever  ( YF )  reported from 30 LGAs in 13 states. None were laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded
[ 3rd August, 2021, Nigeria ] Key points ● There were 534 suspected cases of cholera reported from 53 LGAs in eight states and FCT  ( Bauchi – 165, Borno – 22, Enugu – 90, FCT – 55, Kaduna – 57, Kebbi – 91, Kogi – 12, Kwara – 1 & Plateau – 41 ) . 15 cases were laboratory confirmed and 18 deaths were recorded
[ 3rd August, 2021, Nigeria ] Key points ● There were 98 suspected cases of AFP reported from 77 LGAs in 19 states and FCT. None were laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded.
[ 3rd August, 2021, Nigeria ] Actions To date: ● National COVID 19 multi partner Emergency Operations Centre  ( EOC )  continues to coordinate response activities across states ● Concluded review of the interim guideline for Clinical Management of COVID 19 ● Disseminated COVID 19 articles on current variants and disease trends to health workers ● Ongoing review of IPC guidelines on suspected and confirmed cases of COVID 19
[ 22nd July 2021, Yobe state ] On 22 July the Executive Secretary of the Yobe State Primary Health Care Management Board  ( SPHCMB )  confirmed three cholera related deaths in Girgir community, Jakusko LGA where two other suspected cases have been hospitalized. The index case came from neighbouring Jigawa State, where a cholera outbreak has killed over 30 people across nine LGAs, according to the briefing to local media by the SPHCMB Executive Secretary. With more flooding incidents expected as the rainy season approaches its peak.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Farming: There are limited farming activities now and parents do not have the financial means to buy necessary inputs. Families with agricultural activities oftentimes have poor harvests. Due to inaccessibility of farmlands, children have adopted hand cap making as an adaptation strategy
[ 21st July 2021, Yobe state ] Flash flooding from heavy rainfall on 21 July destroyed over 100 homes in Jakusko town, some 140 kilometers north west of Damaturu, the state capital. At least 200 residents were directly affected according to LGA authorities and the State Emergency Management Agency  ( SEMA ) . Property, valuables and vital supplies such as foodstuffs were washed away.
[ 19th August 2021, Nigeria ] Abuja, 19 August 2021   Nigerians awaiting their second dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine can sigh of relief as the government on 17 August 2021 received additional 699,760 doses in Abuja. The vaccines, donated to COVAX by the United Kingdom  ( UK )  will immensely support government's response to the pandemic.
[ 19th August 2021, Nigeria ] The Executive Director ( ED )  said the delivery was timely because Nigeria just launched the second phase of the vaccination campaign with the four million doses of Moderna vaccine donated by the United States Government and the 177,600 Janssen  ( Johnson & Johnson )  procured through the African Union.
[ 19th August 2021, Nigeria ] Recall that Nigeria had commenced the first phases of the COVID 19 vaccination using the 3.9 million doses of the AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine, manufactured by the Serum Institute of India  ( SII )  received from the COVAX facility. The vaccines were used for frontline workers, among other high risk groups.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Recommendations from r humanitarian actors ( Shelter ) : Facilitate the decongestion and upgrade of formal and informal camps to improve living condition. Collaborate with the state ministry of reconstruction and rehabilitation to structure a secure approach for facilitating the resettlement process of displaced persons in their communities. Supplement already existing shelters with the targeted delivery of emergency response shelters when necessary. Provide support for the renovation of severely damaged shelter facilities
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] General recommendations: Increase advocacy for the enactment of the Child Rights Act in Borno State to give rise to an established legal framework for the implementation of child protection specialized services among humanitarian actors and state ministries. Increase advocacy for further land allocation for construction of shelter to support decongestion of overcrowded camps.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Nutrition: From the FGDs, most of the respondents stated that they do not have enough food to eat. Thus, there is need for more food distribution and provision of food with more nutritional value especially foods like proteins, fruits and vegetables that are important for children.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Food Security and Livelihood :The lack of food was identified across all studied LGAs as the most pressing need of the people in the communities. The major sources of food are markets and agriculture but some food items are unavailable in the markets, food prices are high, the markets are far, and income generating activities are limited.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Across the LGAs, there were reported cases of insecurity and gender based violence, while child friendly spaces as well as women friendly spaces were not adequate. In the WASH sector, there were barriers faced in accessing water sources such as distance, functionality, quality of water etc. Also identified, are poor solid waste management systems, and most people are still in need of sanitation facilities such as soap, detergent and toilet facilities for hygiene purposes.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Poor road condition: The communities had a lot of bad roads, especially in Monguno LGA, and this coupled with the closure of roads due to lockdown caused limited access to farmlands and markets.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Lack of money: Some households lack money to purchase food and non food items, which has led to theft and borrowing of funds from neighbours and other community members. To generate income, they engage in hand cap making, selling of charcoal and kola nuts, which have become lowly priced as a result of COVID 19.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] The constant insurgency also resulted in the presence of military groups along the roads to ensure stability. However, the armed groups tend to harass the people of the community when they pass such roads resulting in them limiting their movement even more and children spending most days in their homes.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Recommendations from r humanitarian actors ( Education ) :  Collaborate with local communities to increase the setup of furnished child friendly spaces to supplement low capacity classrooms so as to prevent overpopulation of classrooms while creating a functional learning environment.  There is need to collaborate with the state ministry of education to facilitate training programmes for teachers, since some child respondents indicated that they lack qualified teachers in their schools.  Support teachers with additional teaching aids and materials in collaboration with the state ministry of education and UNICEF.  Children should be supported with the provision of school supplies, learning materials, and school uniforms, as this is a major barrier they face in schools.  Attend to the problem of inadequate teachers by hiring volunteer teachers for classrooms and additional teachers or instructors for child friendly spaces.  Commence advocacy for the state ministry of education to provide teachers that will replace volunteers in the schools.  Support the establishment of informal education centers and skill acquisition programmes for adolescents and out of school children.  Facilitate the distribution of solar powered radios and pre recorded lessons to reach children in underserved communities.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] SEXUAL AND GENDER BASED VIOLENCE : Child friendly spaces and women friendly spaces were barely available as a result of insecurity in the communities. In view of social standards and gender biases, women do not go outside their communities to earn income. This was confirmed by 61% of respondents in Biu, 52% in Damboa, and 65% of respondents in Monguno. See figure 24.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Nigeria is currently dealing with a wide range of environmental challenges, some of which are exacerbated by climate change, and negatively affects every sector, particularly agriculture, water resources and infrastructure. Other challenges facing the country are deforestation and de vegetation, causing biodiversity loss and land degradation; floods, erosion, drought and desertification which are degrading the environment especially in the semi arid areas of the country resulting in conflicts; environmental pollution   namely air, water, land and noise; waste generation; mineral exploration and exploitation and the accompanying environmental degradation as well as limited access to safe water and poor sanitation. Climate change impacts in Nigeria is expected to have significant impacts on livelihoods and the broader economy.13 Rising temperatures, extreme heat, and changing precipitation patterns will induce new challenges and exacerbate existing ones.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Nigeria continues to face massive developmental challenges, which include the need to reduce the dependency on oil and diversify the economy, address insufficient infrastructure, and build strong and effective institutions, as well as address its governance issues and public financial management systems. Inequality in terms of income and opportunities has been growing rapidly and has adversely affected poverty reduction. The country's North South divide has widened in recent years due to the Boko Haram insurgency, farmer herder conflict, banditry, and a lack of economic development in the northern part of the country.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  The most significant temperature difference in Nigeria is between the coastal areas and its interior as well as between the plateau and the lowlands. On the plateau, the mean annual temperature varies between 21°C and 27°C whereas in the interior lowlands, temperatures are generally over 27°C. The coastal fringes have lower means than the interior lowlands. Seasonal mean temperatures are consistently over 20°C throughout the country and diurnal variations are more pronounced than seasonal ones. Highest temperatures occur during the dry season, and vary little from the coast to inland areas.17 Similar to rainfall, the relative humidity in Nigeria decreases from the south to the north, with an annual mean of 88% around Lagos.18
[ 19th July–25th July 2021, Nigeria ] Challenges  Difficulty in accessing some communities due to security concerns  Open defecation in affected communities  Lack of potable drinking water in some rural areas and urban slums  Inadequate vaccines to cover all LGAs, wards and settlements with cholera outbreaks  Inadequate health facility infrastructure and cholera commodities for management of patients.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] In Hawul, a sizable portion of respondents at 86% affirmed that there were no child friendly spaces in the LGA. Similar responses were gathered across the LGAs and this shows that child friendly spaces were lacking in communities in the LGAs.  ( Figure 22 )
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Across all emission scenarios, temperature increase for Nigeria are projected throughout the end of the century. As seen in Figure 7, under a high emission scenario, average temperatures are expected to increase rapidly by mid century. Average temperatures are expected to increase throughout the end of the century. Temperature increase is expected throughout the year. Increased heat and extreme heat conditions will result in significant implications for human and animal health, agriculture, and ecosystems.
[ North East Nigeria ] During the period 24   30 July 2021, 294 movements were observed at three Points of Entry in Borno State. Of the total movements recorded, 91 were incoming from Cameroon's Far North Region, while 203 were outgoing from Borno State to Cameroon‘s Far North Region.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Figure 8 shows the change in projected annual average precipitation for Nigeria. At a nationally aggregated scale, annual average precipitation is expected to remain similar to historical observations, but under the highest emissions scenario, RCP8.5, will decrease the most drastically. Water routing, storage and other management options can be highly varied depending if the precipitation input comes frequently or with long periods of aridity in between rainfall.34 Under a high emissions scenario of RCP8.5, at a nationally aggregated level, rainfall is expected to stay largely similar to current conditions. However, across the country, rainfall is expected to decrease significantly in the northern areas and increase in the south and along the coast.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Nigeria is regularly affected by multiple hazards such as floods and droughts. Furthermore, low income households are the most vulnerable to weather related natural disasters.39 Agriculture, which is heavily impacted by flooding and drought, serves as the main source of income for 80% of the rural poor. The rapid rise of urbanization and urban poverty also increases potential flood risk.40 An estimated 24% of Nigeria's population  ( approximately 41 million people )  are living in high climate exposure areas.
[ 31st July 2021, Northeas Nigeria ] Conflict in July has further limited households' market access and their ability to engage in the ongoing agricultural season. Furthermore, households are likely to continue to experience difficulty accessing income. Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 )  outcomes are expected in worst affected hard to reach areas, with Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  expected in much of the northeast until the harvest. Food security is expected to marginally improve among some households with the harvest, though Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 )  and Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  outcomes are expected to be sustained in some areas. A risk of Famine  ( IPC Phase 5 )  persists in a worst case scenario if households are cut off from their typical food and income sources and humanitarian assistance for a prolonged period of time.
[ 31st December 2020, Borno state ] Women friendly Spaces: In Hawul, Konduga and Monguno, respondents stated that they were not aware of such spaces. In Damboa, Dikwa and Biu, the women friendly spaces noted by respondents include women support groups at community locations, religious centres, and women friendly spaces run by NGOs.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  In addition, ongoing coastal erosion, rising seas and oil pollution are destroying the Delta's mangrove forest   a major buffer against storm surge from the sea.43 Increased food insecurity is also of specific concern following disasters which result in land and infrastructure degradation due to erosion, direct crop failure due to floods and heavy rains, and possible nutrient leaching, and fungal growth due to increased humidity. Water availability will be affected by possible periods of drought.44 Given the dependency of Nigeria's economy on climate sensitive industries  ( agriculture, forestry, oil, and gas extraction ) , climate change inaction could cost Nigeria between 6%–30% by 2050, equivalent to a loss of US$100–460 billion.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Climate change, deforestation, watershed degradation, land use, urbanization and widespread settlements into floodprone areas have exacerbated issues and impacts from flooding and droughts and have also increased the risk of wildfires. Fires in Nigeria generally emanate from human activities and serve as a land clearing approach for agricultural purposes, disposal of waste, pasture management, animal tracking and hunting. The majority of damaging fires are observed from January onwards, due to high temperature  ( above 35°C )  and also influenced by the hot and dry harmattan winds flowing from North to South between December and March.4
[ 31st July 2021, Northeas Nigeria ] Poor macroeconomic conditions persist as the annual inflation rate remained largely unchanged from May to June. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the annual inflation rate declined by .18 percent between May and June to 17.75 percent. Additionally, according to the Central Bank of Nigeria the NGN continues to depreciate. Since January, the NGN has depreciated by nearly five percent with the NGN trading at 496 NGN/USD on the parallel market in June. This is driving significantly above average staple food prices across the country, reducing market access for many households as household purchasing power remains below average.
[ 26th July 2021, Adamawa satae ] Three additional cholera cases were reported during the week in Yola North LGA, bringing the total confirmed cases to seven although the state government is yet to officially declare an outbreak. The index case was confirmed in Girei LGA some three weeks ago.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  An increasing body of research has shown that climate related disasters have impacted human populations in many areas including agricultural production, food security, water management and public health. The level of impacts and coping strategies of populations depends heavily on their socio economic status, socio cultural norms, access to resources, poverty as well as gender. Research has also provided more evidence that the effects are not gender neutral, as women and children are among the highest risk groups. Key factors that account for the differences between women's and men's vulnerability to climate change risks include: gender based differences in time use; access to assets and credit, treatment by formal institutions, which can constrain women's opportunities, limited access to policy discussions and decision making, and a lack of sex disaggregated data for policy change.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Projected climate variability and change trends for Nigeria such as rising temperatures, an increase in frequency and intensity of heavy rain events and increased duration of dry spells, increased aridity and drought threaten the country's agricultural sector. The sector is already challenged by seasonal changes and increasingly variable rainfall, limited infrastructure, substantial post harvest losses, and lack of access to inputs and finance.
[ 31st Aug 2021, Adamawa State ]  ( Cholera )  Surveillance and Laboratory: 10 new suspected cases with 0 deaths have been reported. DSNOs are line listing suspected Cases and collecting sample. Regular hot spot analysis has been shared to stakeholders to guide the response.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Figure 10 shows the projected change in average daily max temperature across the seasonal cycle. Temperature thresholds for agriculture and livestock are important as temperature changes, and in particular extreme heat, it can cause damage to plants and affect the health of livestock as well as farm workers. Crops are known to have specific temperature windows for optimal growth and yield. While cold temperatures and frost can affect the early growth, but high temperatures above crop specific thresholds rapidly reduce the yield.
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  A considerable proportion of Nigeria's population is at risk of water stress, with less than 40% having direct access to potable water. Increased rainfall variability is likely to result in flooding in some humid areas in the south of the country while a reduction in precipitation in the savannah north may result in droughts and decrease in surface water resources. Changes in surface runoff and groundwater flows in shallow aquifers can possibly have long term implications for both permanent and seasonal water bodies. The rapid shrinking of Lake Chad from approximately 45,000 km2 in 1960 to less than 3,000 km2 in 2007 has been primarily attributed to changes in the climatic conditions in the region. Hydro electric power generation will also be negatively affected due to lower and irregular inflows in dams
[ 26th Jul   1st Aug 2021, Yobe State ]  The total confirmed cases of COVID 19 amongst Health Care Workers  ( HCWs )  is nineteen  ( 19 ) . These include nine  ( 9 )  doctors, seven  ( 7 )  nurses, one  ( 1 )  physiotherapist, and two  ( 2 )  laboratory, scientists • The total number of deaths from COVID 19 in the state is nine  ( 9 )  • The total number of patients who recovered from COVID 19 is four hundred and ninety  ( 490 )
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  However, the changing characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation as well as the increase in heavy rainfall events is increasingly likely to disrupt river flow regimes, increase investment and construction costs to accommodate resilient designs, and increase challenges to sustained energy generation, e.g. operation and maintenance. Extreme weather events such as heavy rains can damage infrastructure, roads, communication networks and disrupt supply lines. An increase in the frequency and intensity of heavy rains and flooding is also likely to impact fragile infrastructure systems which can also impact hydro power generation.
[ 26th Jul   1st Aug 2021, Yobe State ]  The total number of confirmed COVID 19 cases is four hundred and ninety nine  ( 499 ) . Ninety four  ( 94 )  cases from Damaturu, seventy five  ( 75 )  cases from Nguru, fifty five  ( 55 )  cases from Fika, forty seven  ( 47 )  cases from Potiskum, thirty seven  ( 37 )  cases from Bade, thirty one  ( 31 )  cases from Nangere, twenty nine  ( 29 )  cases from Gulani, twenty two  ( 22 )  cases from Yusufari, twenty one  ( 21 )  cases from Gujba, nineteen  ( 19 )  cases from Jakusko, sixteen  ( 16 )  cases each from Karasuwa, fourteen  ( 14 )  cases from Tarmuwa, twelve  ( 12 )  cases from Fune, nine  ( 9 )  cases from Bursari, eight  ( 8 )  cases from Yunusari, and five  ( 5 )  cases each from Geidam, and Machina LGAs
[ 30th Jul, 2021, Nigeria ]  Under a high emissions scenario, diarrheal deaths attributable to climate change in children under 15 years old are projected to be about 9.8% of the over 76,000 diarrheal deaths projected in 2030. Additionally, heat related deaths in the elderly  ( 65+ years )  are projected to increase to almost 80 deaths per 100,000 by 2080 compared to the estimated baseline of about 3 deaths per 100,000 annually between 1961 and 1990.