nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
[ 1st Oct 2020,North east Nigeria ]  A series of major protests against the police Special Anti Robbery Squads, sparking violent repression by security forces, shook the country in October 2020 and revealed youth's discontent with some of the current governance systems  ( some observers perceive that a part of these protests was hijacked by more organized groups. A United Nations vehicle was attacked, which underlines the need for safety and security of humanitarian staff.
[ 22nd April 2021, Nigeria ]  97% of the reported cases are perpetrated by males and a person well known to the survivors and between 26 40 years of age. 3% were perpetrated by females who were also close relatives and persons as well known to the survivors. Incidents of child survivors were mainly perpetrators by individual well known to them including close family friends. Incidents of rape occurred by known and unknown individuals to survivors.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  The crisis has eroded social cohesion and triggered serious human rights violations including sexual and gender based violence, abductions, forced recruitment of children by NSAGs, and deployment of women and children as “human bombs.' Family and community structures, such as traditional hierarchies, have broken down as a result of the conflict. Social and gender roles or responsibilities have also changed: some women and girls have taken on new roles within households and communities.
[ 4th  11th April 2021, Nigeria: Borno State ]  Surveillance: 3 new confirmed cases reported for week 13, total confirmed cases stand at 1,340.Total contacts being monitored closely – 20. Intra/inter country border screening continues across the state.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Technological : Pre existing deficits in power supply, roads and other public infrastructure, and information and communication technologies in the BAY states are exacerbated by the 11 year conflict. Lack of electricity supply and grids has forced essential humanitarian facilities such as hospitals to rely on generators for power, creating a dependence on the unpredictable logistics of fuel supply, particularly in deep field locations where cargo movements have become a direct target of NSAG attacks
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  The agricultural sector is the largest source of rural employment and livelihoods. In the north east, the conflict has continued to heavily impair agriculture. Farmers in Borno State report reductions in production of a variety of crops from 50% to 100% down when comparing harvests during conflict to pre conflict output .
[ 16th Mar 2021,Nigeria ]  Across the country, inflation in food prices has constrained household consumption and access to food for the most vulnerable. Specifically, the COVID 19 associated movement restrictions and lockdown, although later relaxed, have caused severe hardships for people by reducing their incomes and their ability to procure commodities and services.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Long term conflict and insecurity in the BAY states have complicated the presence and capacity of state authorities, particularly outside cities in worst affected LGAs, and weakened traditional systems. Customary governance mechanisms that were effective for social cohesion and local conflict resolution have been replaced with military force; this generates allegations of rights violations and lack of access to justice. Children detained for alleged ties to NSAGs, especially in garrison towns, is a jarring example.
[ 10th Mar 2021, North east Nigeria ]  In early February, the National Emergency Management Agency  ( NEMA )  started monthly distributions to about 38,000 households in IDP camps and among host communities in Borno State and 7,400 households in Bakassi camp. Other camps are receiving similar assistance in Maiduguri town, though exact figures on assistance delivered were not available at the time of this analysis. Each household receives 12.5kg of rice, beans, and maize and condiments such as vegetable oil, seasoning, salt, tomato paste, and others. The government scale up of assistance comes after a recent needs assessment in December 2020 in Borno, and Adamawa states that found about 40 percent of displaced households in some locations were not receiving needed food assistance.
[ 10th Mar 2021, north east Nigeria ]  Those in garrison towns have limited assistance and mainly depend on their own limited harvest and market purchases, with below average purchasing power, and are likely facing Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  outcomes. Some areas of central Borno State are likely facing Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  outcomes due to the proximity and access to Maiduguri, where households are better able to access income to purchase food. In contrast, southern areas of Borno State are less impacted by conflict with households engaging in near normal levels of income earning activities and with most areas facing Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  and Minimal  ( IPC Phase 1 ) .
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Additional pressures and impacts of the COVID 19 pandemic on already limited opportunities and services particularly livelihoods, agriculture, health, education among others have deepened vulnerabilities of populations across the BAY states and impacted government revenues and capacity to respond to the crisis. The persistent economic fall out of the pandemic has increased vulnerability and food insecurity in the BAY states. Humanitarian organizations' self imposed precautions inevitably limit operations.
[ 1st May 2020,North east Nigeria ]  In the BAY states where the conflict continued unabated, unemployment is higher than the national rate: Adamawa and Yobe report 38.4% and Borno reports 33% unemployment .  ( The national rate as of Q2 2020 is 27.1%10. )  The May 2020 National Living Standard Survey indicated a 75.4% poverty headcount for Adamawa and 72.3% for Yobe, among the highest in the country.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Legal and Policy: By December 2020, the State Government had assisted 4,562 households  ( around 31,000 individuals )  to return. The humanitarian community has called on the Borno State government to ensure that returns are voluntary, safe and informed, and conducted according to the Borno Return Strategy agreed with the humanitarian community in 2018, plus that conditions conducive for sustainable returns be in place in the identified areas, comprising security  ( sufficient also to allow safe and effective freedom of movement to leave the area of return if desired ) , access to sufficient information regarding the conditions in return areas, services, and livelihoods opportunities.
[ 1st May 2021, North East Nigeria  ] In Adamawa State, the security situation was characterized by NSAG attacks recorded in various communities such as Hong, Michika and Michika. Kidnapping and other criminal activities were also reported across different parts of the State.
[ 15th Apr 2021, Abuja, Nigeria ]  WHO Nigeria is supporting the Government to monitor health inequities, and to ensure Universal Health Coverage  ( UHC ) is attained by 2030.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]  This belief that witchcraft is carried out at night has instilled great and deep fear in members of the community. Furthermore, there is no lighting and most household have no flashlights, and as such women and girls fear going out at night to use the washroom.
[ 1st July 2021, Nigeria ] WHO's support to the pandemic: Technical advising of the Presidential Task Force  ( PTF )  level  Incident Actions Review  ( IAR )  of the country's COVID 19 response.  Use of Rapid diagnostic tests detecting viral antigen  ( agRDTs )  and technical support to validate rapid diagnostic test.  Development of the COVID19 national testing strategy which focused on decentralizing testing  Expanding the molecular testing laboratory network from 10 to 103 laboratory in 2020  WHO Nigeria repurposed staff, deployed human and material resources to improve coordination of the response, strengthen surveillance, infection prevention and control, enhance laboratory diagnosis and targeted risk communication.  At the Points of Entry, support Port Health Services  ( PHS )  to ensure screening of passengers and returnees at the airports, seaports and ground crossing.  Supported the 36 states to review and update the COVID 19 incident actions plans  ( IAP )  to ensure effective response to the pandemic.  Supported coordination of the response through the incident management system  supported the country to generate information products through analysis of the epidemiological data for evidence based decision making, provision of standard case definition, guidelines, protocol and SOPs, identification and isolation of confirmed cases in the country including guidance for syndromic surveillance leverage on the sentinel surveillance for influenza like illness and severe acute respiratory infection  ( SARI )
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  In Borno, which has the lowest literacy rates of any state in the country, only 35% of adolescent girls and 46% of adolescent boys are literate, compared to 98% in the south east. The Boko Haram insurgency, the rise of violent extremism and the humanitarian crisis have exacerbated the pre existing, persistent gender and social inequalities. This in a context where discrimination related to sociocultural practices was already prevalent. Gender based violence is pervasive and vulnerability is defined by age and sex as well as social status.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Over 70% of women live below the poverty line. The maternal mortality rate is 917 per 100,000  ( as of 2017 ) , fourth highest in the world; the global average was 21119. Access to education has been historically low with more than one third of children in the north east out of school. Of those who attend school, 72% are unable to read upon completion of sixth grade.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Killings and other violence against civilians continue. In 2020, 80% of the recorded instances of security incidents affected civilians in the form of direct and indirect attacks, ambushes, abductions and killing. Humanitarian workers, facilities and assets have not been spared either: at least 14 instances in 2020 affected them. In July, NSAGs executed five civilians in Borno State, among whom three aid workers. Incidents of abductions of civilians by NSAGs persisted. Over 150 abduction incidents were reported in 2020, most of them  ( 75% )  in Borno State.
[ 4th May 2021, Nigeria ] Familiarity with NCDC Protocols for safe schools reopening: Across the states and cities, majority of respondents agreed that they were familiar with the NCDC protocols for safe school re opening. Onitsha however reversed the trend, the majority of respondents in Onitsha said they were unfamiliar with the protocols and Sokoto state also records a significant number of persons who are unfamiliar with it too.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  For men and boys, the fear of being abducted, killed, or conscripted to join an armed group still looms large making it difficult for them to freely engage in livelihoods. The loss of livelihood and the varying impact of the crisis is causing mental health challenges among men. Unpaid childcare activities and paid casual labour has increased for women since the start of the crisis.
[ 4th May 2021, Nigeria ] Compliance with social distancing protocols: For the formal school group, apart from Nasarawa, Kebbi and Yobe, majority of respondents in the other states agreed that their schools keep a physical distance of 1 metre in the school office. For the non formal school group, the majority of respondents in all the states agreed that their schools and learning centres keep a social distance of 1 metre in their school office.
[ 1st July 2021, Nigeria ] The mental health teams provided mhGAP intervention through COVID 19 group education and counselling to a total of 3,080 patients  ( Males: 1,478, Females: 1,602 )  and their caregivers during outreach sessions in Bama, Jere, Konduga, Mafa, MMC and Nganzai LGA.
[ 16th Mar 2021,Nigeria ] NSAG checkpoints, ambushes, robberies, and the abduction and execution of humanitarian staff and affiliated persons have gravely heightened the risks of working in deep field locations. NSAGs make clear that the targeting of humanitarian actors is not incidental: in 2020 they have published a proliferation of claims and articles on social media castigating humanitarian agencies.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Security: The extreme insecurity that aid agencies face if they attempt to operate outside the garrison towns or in hard to reach areas limits their ability to demonstrate that they work in a principled manner and thus potentially defuse NSAGs' suspicion that those agencies and others like them are tacitly taking sides and are not neutral and impartial.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Security: The operating environment for humanitarian partners has deteriorated steadily since mid 2019. According to the United Nations Department of Safety and Security  ( UNDSS ) , no fewer than 852 significant security related incidents  ( of which 486 affected civilians )  were registered in Borno State alone between January and August 2020.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] The impact of rains and windstorms also resulted in congestion in certain areas of the camps due to damaged shelters and people sleeping in the open  ( which in turn increases risk of GBV and harm to children ) . In August, the Borno State Government started facilitating IDPs to return to locations in their LGAs of origin, with the stated aim to close all IDP camps in Maiduguri by May 2021.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Assessments by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees  ( UNHCR )  in August 2020 on the impact of rains and windstorms and the protection challenges arising in the camps and communities in selected LGAs revealed that 80 water sanitation and hygiene  ( WASH )  facilities and 3,891 shelters were damaged. This affected over 2,500 households  ( about 10,000 individuals )  by causing loss of food and non food items.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Displacement and population movement Recurrent military operations and NSAG attacks targeting civilian and military locations continue to displace people from their homes. The conflict is also characterized by massive and widespread abuses against civilians that include killings, rape and other sexual violence, child recruitment, burning of homes, pillaging, abduction, deliberate attacks on civilian targets, forced displacement, and the use of explosives  ( improvised landmines and other explosive devices, some forcibly person borne, and firing of explosive ordnance at residential areas )
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Some 1.92 million people have been displaced internally since the start of the crisis. The majority  ( 54% )  of IDPs have found refuge in host communities. Borno State hosts 81% of the IDPs, of whom slightly more than half  ( 54% )  stay in IDP camps. As of August 2020,31 there were some 75,000 more displaced people across northeast Nigeria than at the start of 2020  ( 2,119,000 vs. 2,040,000 people ) , similar to the increase in 2019 of some 90,000 more displaced people.  ( These figures count IDPs who attempted to return to their areas of origin, but subsequently abandoned the attempt, as well as newly displaced people. )
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] As military operations against NSAGs continue, the BAY states are also grappling with the impact of COVID 19 pandemic, as well as high morbidity and mortality from malaria, measles, and acute watery diarrhoea  ( AWD )  or cholera. Flooding, although less severe in 2020 than in 2019, ravaged over 6,800 shelters.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Nigerian refugees in Cameroon and Niger continue to arrive into bordering LGAs in Nigeria due to insecurity and poor living conditions in their areas of asylum. Some 6,038 Nigerian refugees crossed international borders into IDP camps in 2020, many of them  ( 5,700 or 68% )  into Damasak and Bama towns.
[ 16th Mar 2021,Nigeria ] NSAGs continue to target roads and bridges to disrupt the movements of government forces, which also affects civilians. Between January and October 2020, the NSAGs set up over 228 informal checkpoints and 105 ambushes along the main supply routes connecting garrison towns particularly along the Maiduguri Damaturu, Maiduguri Monguno and Maiduguri Damasak roads, entailing robbery, abduction and killing of civilians.
[ 16th Mar 2021,Nigeria ] Movement restrictions: The civilian population's freedom of movement continues to be restricted, albeit mainly in order to safeguard lives and property. The restrictions and insecurity threats continue to hamper the ability of IDPs, returnees and the host communities to access basic services, livelihoods, and land for farming and grazing. Restrictive security measures prevent IDPs from moving freely in and out of camps.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Gender based violence  ( GBV )  including sexual violence is prevalent in the region and is exacerbated by the conflict, as well as by dysfunction of rule of law institutions and other factors. Poor living conditions in IDP camps and informal settlements may be a contributing factor. In 2019, 98% of the reported incidents of GBV were perpetrated against women and girls across the BAY states; 81% of incidents of GBV were perpetrated against adults over the age of 18 years and 19% against children.
[ 22nd   28th Mar 2021, Adamawa State, Nigeria ]  As at 28 th March 2021, 12,582 suspected cases have been reported out of which 1051 were confirmed positive, 10,965 were found negative, while 566 results remain pending. Majority of confirmed cases were from Yola South.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Movement restrictions: People's movement in the garrison towns of Borno State is restricted to a small security perimeter defined by military authorities. Frequent movement restrictions in Damasak and Banki for instance continue to affect returnees and refugees from Niger and Cameroon respectively, although such restrictions can be necessary for civilian security.
[  15th March, 2021, Nigeria ]  Although there have been growing concerns over the safety of the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccines, the Nigerian government said the vaccines are safe and effective. This is coming about two months after South Africa rejected about 1.5 million doses of the same vaccine after evidence emerged that the vaccine did not protect clinical trial participants from mild or moderate illness caused by the more contagious virus variant that was first seen in the country.
[ 1st Jan  1st Jun 2021, BAY states ] Security issues and access restrictions have resulted in an uneven and reduced presence of sector partners in some parts of BAY states, while insufficient funding is hindering shelter and NFI responses.
[ 16th 31st Jan 2021, North East Nigeria ] WATER SOURCE: The main source of drinking and non drinking water at displacement sites is the borehole  ( 85% ) . Other sources of water supply include hand pumps, wells, water vendors and water trucking.
[ 4th May 2021, Nigeria ] Social distance: Over 50% majority in all the educational levels attest that their schools keep a social distance of 1 metre in their hostels with no specific pattern.
[  31st Dec, 2020 Nigeria ]  Nigeria's total public debt as at December 31, 2020 was N32.915 trillion, the Debt Management Office has said. The figures include the debt stock of the federal and state governments, as well as, the Federal Capital Territory.
[ 4th May 2021, Nigeria ] On October 12th 2020, Nigeria reopened schools after six months of closure to curtail the spread of the COVID 19 pandemic. Key to this re opening was the decline in the number of daily infection cases in the country. This reduced to an average of 200 in September 2020 from a previous peak average of 700 in July and August 2020. Also, there were concerns on impact of prolonged school closure on school drop out rates, learners' academic achievement, number of out of school children and the effectiveness of remote learning. During the period of school closure, The Nigerian Bureau of Statistics in their COVID 19 impact monitoring survey reported that 45% of school aged household members had not engaged in any form of education or learning activity. Furthermore, that only 59% of school age children attended school in October 2020 compared to 74% in January 2020.
[ 4th May 2021, Nigeria ] It is important to note that the second wave of the COVID 19 pandemic which began in November 2020  a month after school re opening  saw record numbers. On December 17th, 1,145 new cases were recorded thereby marking the first time the country recorded over 1,000 cases in a day. This was followed by another peak number ( 2,464 )  on 23rd January 2021 ( See chart for trend ) . While these may suggest that there is a correlation between school re opening and rising numbers of COVID 19 cases, we do not have sufficient evidence to prove this. Also, the suggestive evidence may be disputed on the grounds that the second wave was a global phenomenon rather than an event peculiar to Nigeria.
[ 16th March, 2021 Nigeria ]  The DMO blames the rise on the COVID 19 pandemic, which it said caused the government to borrow more after years of decline in borrowings. “It will be recalled that after Nigeria exited recession in 2017, the level of New Borrowing at the Federal Level as shown in the Annual Appropriation Acts, had been declining as part of the Government's measures to moderate the rate of Growth in the Public Debt Stock in order to ensure debt sustainability,' it said in a statement on Monday.
[ 16th March, 2021 Nigeria ]  “New Borrowing to part finance Budget Deficits had declined steadily from N2.36 Trillion in 2017 to: N2.01 Trillion in 2018, N1.61 Trillion in 2019 and N1.59 Trillion in the first 2020 Appropriation Act.' The DMO said this trend was reversed in 2020 due to the economic and social impact of the COVID 19 Pandemic as new borrowing in the revised 2020 Appropriation Act was N4.20 trillion.
[ 1st May 2021, North East Nigeria  ] North East Nigeria and the Lake Chad Basin witnessed many events in May that impacted on security, politics, and humanitarian response. None state armed groups  ( NSAG )  continued their terror campaign, launching audacious attacks on military formations, targeting humanitarian infrastructure and personnel, killing civilians, and causing widespread damage to property and critical national infrastructure such as the national power grid and telecom installations.
[ 1st May 2021, North East Nigeria  ] The economic impact of COVID 19 continues to affect the displaced population, most of whom are very vulnerable. Price increases due to inflation, further pauperises the affected population, and increased dependency on humanitarian assistance. The government commenced the first phase of COVID 19 vaccination, targeting frontline workers in the region, which is a way forward in reducing the spread of the disease.
[ 27th June 2021, Nigeria ] Further, Mercy Corps' COVID 19 Rapid Assessment conducted by the Rural Resilience Activity in 2020 found that many households experienced large decreases in their income. For instance, on average, in Adamawa state, weekly household income reduced by more than half  ( N9,400 or USD 23.80 ) , and average household debt increased by roughly a quarter  ( N5,800 or USD14.70 ) .Similarly, in The World Bank's National Longitudinal Phone Survey, 67 percent of households reported a decrease in their income and 69 percent of households have been affected by food insecurity  ( World Bank 2020 ) . The combination of income loss and decreased access to food and consumer goods   driven by decreased trade due to insecurity and border restrictions, and the lockdown's effect on production   has led to substantial price inflation and increased household food insecurity  ( Ohuocha 2021, Osae Brown & Olurounbi 2021 ) .
[ 7th May 2021, Benue State ]  WHO also supported Benue State with medical supplies to treatment centres used for treatment of cases in the affected communities. The state was also supported in conducting community sensitization campaigns on cholera.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]   As a result of the separation, there are female headed households, unaccompanied elders, child headed households, unaccompanied and separated children, as well as persons with disability who are highly vulnerable. These groups cannot always cater for themselves, leading to negative coping mechanisms such as street begging for unaccompanied and separated children and child headed household. Respondents also stated that these groups are traumatized due to separation from their loved ones and tend to be psychologically unstable.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]  Findings from FGD and KII reveals that the major reason of their flight was due to NSAG activities which have ravaged their communities. Some of the IDPs came on foot while others that could afford to pay for transportation travelled using public means. Respondents from FGD sessions and KII stated that family were separated during displacement fleeing NSAG attack. Women got separated from their husband and children while fleeing AOG attacks. Many of the elderly were left behind.
[ 28th June  12th July 2021, Borno state ] Surveillance • No new confirmed case reported for week 26/27, total confirmed cases stand at 1,344. • No contacts on monitoring. • Intra/inter country border screening continues across the state.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]  During an FGD session with men and women, respondents stated that lack of documentation has hindered access to services. However, there are no relevant actors  ( government, NGOs, UN agencies )  that are supporting the issuance of documentation by the Government to the affected persons, and they are not aware of any registration centers nearby. Other barriers are lack of supporting documents, high cost of transportation to travel to registration centers in Maiduguri, and harassment at security check points they would need to cross in order to access the registration center.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]   Respondents also stated that their freedom of movement has been restricted due to lack of documentation. Persons without identity card are harassed and extorted at the security check points. Groups that are mostly affected are men and women. There are no actor or organization who is trying to assist people with legal problems.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]   They are also complaints regarding members of the security forces harassing women and adolescent girls on their way to fetch firewood or water. They also stated that security forces make casual advances at them and sometimes, prevent them from crossing check points, all in the name of curfew imposition by 5pm.
[ 12th March 2021 Nigeria ]  Response: FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION : With more than $60 million in FY 2021 funding, USAID/BHA is providing life saving food and nutrition assistance to people in Nigeria affected by acute food insecurity and malnutrition due to continued high levels of conflict and displacement, rising commodity prices, low agricultural output, and COVID 19 related, adverse economic effects.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  The north east region is historically the poorest of Nigeria's six geo political zones: Yobe and Adamawa states are the third and seventh poorest Nigerian states respectively out of a total of 36 states  according to the 2020 National Living Standards Survey by the National Bureau of Statistics. Political will on the part of the federal government has relatively increased, as witnessed by the establishment of the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs, Disaster Management and Social Development  ( FMHADMSD )  and of the North east Development Commission to drive the government humanitarian and development interventions in the BAY states. Nonetheless, ongoing conflict continues to hinder implementation of development efforts and impact, especially at the community and LGA levels, where needs and vulnerabilities are most acute.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Levels of food insecurity and malnutrition across the BAY states remain of public health significance, and are predicted to worsen, with conflict causing mass population displacement, sub optimal access to primary health care services, poor hygiene and sanitation conditions  ( including poor child feeding and care environments )  and high food prices being the main drivers. The food security situation has deteriorated significantly in 2020.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Findings of the October 2020 Cadre Harmonisé  ( CH )  analysis projected about 5.1 million people in the three states will be food insecure in the lean season between June and August 2021   a 19% and 34% increase on the 2020 and 2019 figures respectively. The CH analysis estimated that one million people will be in “emergency' situation  ( CH Phase 4 )  during the lean season of 2021, a 45% and 130% increase on 2020 and 2019 respectively. The projected figures of food insecure people are similar to those found in November 2016 and March 2017 rounds of CH analysis at the height of the crisis.
[ 16th Mar 2021, Nigeria ]  The Nigerian government has also assured of its safety as the country distributes almost four million doses of the vaccine to states. “it is important to clearly state that Nigeria did not receive any doses from the batch of vaccines which is at issue,' a statement signed by Mohammed Ohitoto, the head of its public relations unit, the NPHCDA said, implying that the vaccines are in batches.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]   During an FGD and KII session with women and adolescent girls, respondents stated that, women and girls do not feel safe at home, in their community and when they go out to fetch firewood. It was observed that the houses they live in are makeshift tents with no proper roofing, no doors, no fence for privacy and no protection against any external intruder or dry wind at the onset of the rainy season. Women and girls do not feel dignified in any manner and always feel threatened by the presence of people around them due to trauma and the fear of been sexually harassed.
[ 1st Oct 2020,North east Nigeria ]  NSAGs' activities have extensively damaged health facilities, schools, markets, roads, communication towers and many other community assets, as well as disrupting essential social services. Of the 2,631 health facilities in BAY states, 23% are either damaged  ( 12.4% )  or non functional  ( 10.2% ) , while 11.4% are only partially functional. This places a huge strain on the functional facilities. NSAG attacks and vandalization of health facilities continue to be reported in Borno State, significantly disrupting delivery and access to essential health care services in many LGAs. Unidentified individuals or groups vandalized and looted the Adamawa state primary health care warehouses in October 2020 and carted away essential and non essential medicines, paralyzing supplies to the state's health facilities.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Lower availability of labour due to the conflict and the pandemic, in addition to higher prices and security based restrictions on transportation of nitrate based fertilizer, have reduced production. The government of Borno State, the epicentre of the conflict, estimates that the insurgency has caused $6 billion worth of destruction in the State .
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] The governments of BAY states imposed a three week lockdown from mid April 2020 to slow the spread of COVID 19. The measures, which comprised restrictions on movement and closures of markets and inter state borders, severely impaired delivery and access to critical services by government and humanitarian partners. These restrictions seem to have contained the spread of COVID 19 into the highly congested IDP camps and communities, thus likely preventing significant loss of lives
[ 10th Dec 2020,North east Nigeria ] The COVID 19 pandemic remains a major public health concern. As of 10 December 2020, 1,153 cases were reported in BAY states with 63 deaths, out of 71,344 cases nationally since the start of the pandemic. In the BAY states, 66% of the cases were in Borno and 25% in Adamawa. The sparse coverage of COVID 19 testing in the BAY states and the low reliability of estimates of morbidity and mortality mean the true number of cases is almost certainly much higher than the reported number.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Impact on systems and services: Insecurity due to NSAG activities continues to limit the presence of civilian authorities outside state capitals, especially in northern Borno State, leaving people reliant on humanitarian aid. Basic social infrastructure and services including the police and judiciary, access to health care, education and livelihoods, and civilian personnel such as teachers, nurses, doctors and civil administrators are lacking in most locations. However, there is more frequent presence of local government officials in some LGAs  ( mostly in the form of day visits from Maiduguri )  such as Damboa, Dikwa, Mafa, Konduga and Magumeri, thus improving government services.
[ 1st Jul 2020,North east Nigeria ] Despite military efforts to clear some roads, 31 of the IEDs detonated, and 26% of their victims were civilians. In some cases, these detonations also caused dramatic loss of livelihood, especially cattle. Person borne IEDs struck 42 civilian victims plus 10 victims from security forces and vigilante groups indicating the continued deliberate targeting of civilians. Reports indicate prevalent use of females and children as forced carriers of IEDs. In addition, the use of conventional explosive weapons in populated areas continue to put civilians at risk: for example, in July 2020, at least 15 civilians were killed and 6 injured by mortar shelling in the outskirts of Maiduguri.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Impact on humanitarian access: The humanitarian operating environment remains extremely volatile, particularly in Borno State where all the major supply routes have become dangerous for civilians and specifically for aid workers, humanitarian cargo and assets. Humanitarian hubs and aid organizations' offices have suffered regular attacks in 2020.
[ 16th Mar 2021,Nigeria ] In 2020, over 3,700 cases of GBV were reported  ( a 15% decrease from 2019 ) . Sexual exploitation associated with social norms around marriage and girls' education, and women and girls' exposure to trafficking and abduction, are also major concerns that are grossly underreported. Of the GBV cases recorded in 2020 by GBV actors using the Gender Based Violence Information Management System  ( GBVIMS ) , 18% were incidents of sexual violence, out of which rape accounted for 15% of all the sexual violence incidents, similar to the 16% reported in 2019.
[ 16th Mar 2021,Nigeria ] Civilians continue to suffer death and injury from explosive ordnance, including the use of explosive weapons in populated areas. Data from the Mine Action Sub sector recorded 23 preventable incidents involving explosive remnants of war from January to October 2020. All the victims, 24 killed and 33 injured, are civilians. 152 incidents of improvised explosive devices  ( IEDs )  placed along roads were also recorded in 2020, including at least 103 cases of anti vehicle and anti personnel landmines of an improvised nature.
[ 17th may 2021, North East Nigeria ]  ADAMAWA STATE: 19 new confirmed cases were reported within the week. None of which is an active case because of the long turnaround time in the laboratory. 276 new samples were taken across the LGAs within the reporting week. Total number of confirmed cases as of 9th May 2021 stands at 1,130 with 32 deaths
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] The people in need are divided into three groups IDPs, returnees, and host communities all with different types of need according to severity levels. Looking at the inter sectoral severity analysis, IDPs are more vulnerable than returnees and host communities. Overall, 65% of the IDP households have reported at least one kind of vulnerability: having a female headed household, a family member with a mental or physical disability, a pregnant girl or women in the household; a child separated from them; or being or having a married child. DTM data suggests that many of the IDP households are highly dependent on humanitarian aid, and almost 50% of them live in an IDP camp or informal camp like setting.
[ 16th 31st Jan 2021, North East Nigeria ] SHOWERS: 86% of the total showers are functional while 14% need to be repaired. 24 sites in 4 LGAs  ( Girei in Adamawa state, Jere, Magumeri and Maiduguri LGA in Borno state )  do not have shower on site.1,695 showers needs to be repaired across 68 sites in 15 LGAs  ( table 2 ) .
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Though the Nigerian military has recorded relative success in counter insurgency operations over the past years, millions of people are no closer being able to return to their homes and starting the recovery from the conflict. The majority of displaced people are still in camps, camp like settings or living in host communities, who are themselves stressed. Besides, new displacements have also been registered as the result of conflict in 2019 and 2020.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] For instance, the annual release of flood water from the Lagdo dam located next to the town of Garoua in northern Cameroon, which since 1982 covers the energy supply for northern Cameroon, and the flooding of the Bodo River have forcibly displaced thousands of Nigerians and restricted access to many more living next to the Benue river in Adamawa state and Rann in Borno state. Widespread bush burning practices across the northeast, reliance on firewood, record droughts and floods, unprecedented heat, and worsening sandstorms in the harmattan seasons have brought more havoc to the already stressed environment in the BAY states.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]   During an FGD and KII sessions with men and adolescent boys, respondents stated that children do not feel safe in their community. The community lies across a highway wherein children can be hit by moving vehicles. Children stand the risk of being abducted and abused due to the porous nature of the community and possible risky interactions with the neighboring community wherein they go to work, fetch water, or sell water.
BORNO STATE: 1 new case confirmed for the reported week. The total number of Confirmed Cases as at end of epi week 18 stands at 1,348. 1 active case receiving care. No death recorded in week 18. Total associated deaths   38
More than ever, the commitment of the international community and national authorities, is critically needed for the situation not to further deteriorate for millions of already vulnerable people. Moreover, a lack of commitment would jeopardize the considerable gains made in providing basic services, including shelter, and efforts to restore lives and dignity in communities. There is also the risk that if efforts are not maintained or increased, regional stability and prospects for development will be undermined.
Overall, 57% of assessed latrines were reported damaged, 54% of assessed latrines reported full or nearly full sludge levels, and 48% of assessed waterpoints were reported damaged. • Assessed WASH facilities located within camps reported higher percentages of maintanence and repair needs than facilities located in host communities. More than 50% of assessed boreholes and public taps reported less than 5 hours of available water supply daily during dry season.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  The outbreak of COVID 19 and related effects have further worsened the food security situation by impacting the livelihoods and income sources of already vulnerable households and contributing to significant increases in food prices. For instance, between March and September 2020, the cost of a minimum expenditure basket in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council increased by over 47%. Traders also reported challenges with the availability of food.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Levels of acute malnutrition across the BAY states remain high relative to the World Health Organization thresholds of 15%  ( or 10 14% with presence of aggravating factors such as high food insecurity and disease epidemics )  for global acute malnutrition and 2% for severe acute malnutrition. According to the Nutrition and Food Security Surveillance  ( NFSS )  Round 9, conducted in October 2020, the level of acute malnutrition increased in Adamawa and Yobe compared to 2019. The current global acute malnutrition  ( GAM )  rates are 10.7% in Borno  ( slightly lower than the 2019 mark of 11.3% ) , 7.5% in Adamawa and 13.6% in Yobe.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]  Due to absence of school, most families during the day send their children  ( Both girls and boys )  for hawking and street begging while others send their children to fetch firewood. Furthermore, drug and alcohol are sold around the location which contributes to risks for children in the community.
In a complex context like north east Nigeria, humanitarian assistance is critical for the well being and survival of people affected by conflict. The ability of partners to continue operations at scale is under threat from diminishing funding. The year 2020 recorded the lowest funding level since the beginning of the operation, with only 55 per cent of the requirement being met. The international community's commitment to and support for the humanitarian response in north east Nigeria is even more critical in 2021 as needs are increasing. The support of the Nigerian Government also remains critical in terms of its efforts to respond to the crisis and providing an enabling environment for the response.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  The high levels of food insecurity are attributed to chronic climatic shocks, including seasonal floods and erratic rainfall, significantly compounded by the conflict, which has limited people's movement, interrupted markets and constrained access to land for agriculture  ( both cropping and livestock husbandry ) .
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Further vulnerabilities of IDP households come from the family structure itself: 28% of IDP households are female headed, and many of them are single parents; a staggering 25% are widows. Some 31% of the women are currently breastfeeding or pregnant. Moreover, 12% of the IDPs report that they have a family member with a physical disability.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  In Borno, IDPs in 9% of the sites have access to less than 15 litres of water per person per day, while many others have only intermittent water access with long walking distances and often over 30 minutes queuing time at water points. Access to safe sanitation is also highly inadequate: in 32% of the sites, more than 20 people share one latrine. Many households  ( 22% )  across the BAY states overall do not have access to soap, but IDP households are worse off: the 2020 MSNA indicated that 41% of IDP households in Borno do not have access to soap, nor 29% and 24% in Adamawa and Yobe states respectively.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Food insecurity and malnutrition: Conflict and insecurity have cut people off from their main means of livelihoods agricultural and grazing lands. This causes major food insecurity in northeast Nigeria, which COVID 19's effects on incomes have exacerbated: despite good crop yields, food insecurity is rising.
[ 16th 31st Jan 2021, North East Nigeria ] EARLY RECOVERY AND LIVELIHOOD: 77% of managed camps in LGAs affected by the displacements currently do not have access to a form of vocational training. 65% do not have access to any form of vocational training within the site or nearby. IDPs in all the camps have access to market on site or nearby.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Movement restriction is widespread almost 47% of IDP households surveyed for the MSNA reported movement restrictions during the preceding three months and can be a major factor in increasing IDP households' vulnerabilities  ( curtailing their coping strategies )  even as it may help safeguard their physical security.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  IDPs in either rural or urban settings also face a relatively prominent level of discrimination. Employment offers are few, and they face challenges in accessing services partly because of their lack of proper documentation or language barriers. There are reports that camp officials sometimes delay services for IDPs because of their origins.
Malaria: In Epi week 17, 4,587 cases of confirmed malaria were reported through EWARS. Of the reported cases, 350 were from General Hospital Biu, 195 were from Hausari IDP Camp Clinic  ( MDM )  in Damboa, 155 were from Uba General Hospital in Askira Uba, 139 were from Gwange PHC in MMC, 115 were from Farm Centre Camp Clinic in Jere, 95 were from Algon Clinic in Monguno, 85 were from Gajiram MCH in Nganzai and 84 were from Muna Garage Camp Clinic B in Jere. No associated death was reported.
[ 8th July 2021, Nigeria ] "Rape of women and young girls has become a daily occurrence. Most economic activities, particularly farming, which is the mainstay of the people in these areas are now all but impossible.
Acute watery diarrhea: In Epi week 17, 546 cases of acute watery diarrhea were reported through EWARS. Of the reported cases, 113 were from PUI Mobile Clinics in MMC, 78 were from Sabon Gari Lowcost IDP Camp Clinic  ( MDM )  in Damboa, 26 were from FHI360 Clinic Banki, 24 were from Boarding Primary School Camp Clinic in Konduga, 23 were from Titiwa Dispensary in Magumeri and 21 cases each from Gwange 3 PHC  ( MSF F )  and State Specialist Hospital both in MMC. No associated death was reported.
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]  Respondents reported that all the members of the displaced community experience the same challenge e.g lack of water, lack of food, unemployment.
[ 17th May 2021, Nigeria ]  Nigeria's headline inflation has dropped for the first time in 20 consecutive months, recording 18.12 per cent decrease in April year on year from 18.17 per cent reported in March. The National Bureau of Statistics  ( NBS )  disclosed this in the Consumer Price Index  ( CPI )  April 2021 report published on Monday.
[ 17th May 2021, Nigeria ]  Latest data by the agency revealed that food, urban, and rural inflation also dropped, leaving core inflation on the high at 12.74 per cent which rose due to increases in pharmaceutical products and other items.
Suspected COVID 19: 85 suspected cases were reported within the week with one laboratory confirmed case.
[ 21st Apr 2021, Nigeria ]  The Nigerian government also initiated a process to provide palliative measures, including funds disbursements and food items distribution to Nigerians, especially the marginalised and vulnerable.
Malnutrition: 1,658 cases of severe acute malnutrition were reported through EWARS in week 17. Of the reported cases, 87 were from AAH Waterboard IDP Camp Clinic in Monguno, 74 were from AAH Waterboard Extension IDP Camp Clinic in Monguno, 73 were from ICRC FSP Clinic in Monguno, 69 were from AAH GDSS IDP Camp Clinic in Monguno, 65 were from Fori PHC in Jere, 62 were from Kurbagayi MCH in Kwaya Kusar, 57 were from ACF NRC IDP Camp Clinic in Monguno and 45 cases each from General Hospital Ngala  ( FHI360 )  and PUI Mobile Clinics in MMC. Three  ( 3 )  associated deaths were reported from General Hospital Benishekh in Kaga  ( 1 ) , Gwange 3 PHC  ( MSF F )  in MMC  ( 1 )  and Molai General Hospital in Jere  ( 1 ) .
[ 7th Apr 2021, Borno State ]  Findings from FGD sessions and KII indicate food as the most urgent need of the affected population. As a result of the NSAG activities, they have lost their homes, farmlands, relations, farm produce, animals and all means of livelihood when they were displaced. 215HH were supported with 25kg bags of grains. But no further support ever came.
[ 17th May 2021, Nigeria ]  “The percentage change in the average composited CPI for the twelve months period ending April 2021 over the average of the CPI for the previous twelve months period was 15.04 per cent, showing 0.48 per cent point from 14.55 per cent recorded in March 2021.' According to the NBS, the urban inflation rate increased by 18.68 per cent  ( year on year )  in April from 18.76 per cent recorded in the previous month while the rural inflation rate rose by 17.57 per cent in April from 17.60 per cent recorded in March.