nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
In Diinsor, the roads are still blocked. In the last 4 weeks  ( January 2021 ) , insurgents  ( A.S )  have attacked the town twice and targeted aeroplanes carrying cargoes. The militants are putting pressure on airplanes to stop their flights. The militants are also targeting traders and farmers who are secretly supplying commodities to the market using donkey carts. This has led to scarcity of goods and price increases.
While 19% confirmed that they have heard of attempts to abduct children and describe the situation or hearsay with majority stating that kidnapping as hostage or abduction for money as the key motive followed closely by recruitment to join armed groups. Key respondents were asked what the typical care arrangements for children are who have been separated from their usual caregivers, 79% of the respondents stated informal foster care in the community followed by Kinship care at 26%.
There is disruption of transport services in the road connecting Beletweyn Guriel/Dhusamareb due to rival clan militias abducting vehicles, drivers and passengers. Consequently, transport services were halted due to fear of clan revenge and abduction
As a result, a significant proportion of IDPs have moderate to large food consumption gaps. Some of the urban poor across Somalia, who struggle to make ends meet, also has moderate to large food consumption gaps. For both groups  ( i.e. IDPs and urban poor ) , the socio economic impact of COVID 19 was a factor  ( decline in remittances, increased food prices, decline in employment and income earning opportunities in urban areas ) .
In pastoral livelihoods, pasture and water availability will likely decline towards the end of the year due to the anticipated below average Deyr season rainfall. Livestock exports are likely to decline through the end of the year as the peak export season is already over  ( i.e. Ramadan and Hajj related demand for exports between April and July 2020 ) .
Jalalaqsi–Buloburte supply corridor is inaccessible due to insurgents  ( A.S )  erecting several illegal checkpoints and paralysing the movement of people and transport services in and out of the town.
Subjected to violence and volatile security conditions, such populations  ( living in ISIL or insurgent controlled areas )  are often more vulnerable and in greater need of assistance. Humanitarian workers' access in such areas is hampered by ongoing hostilities, movement and security restrictions and poor infrastructure.
Federal and regional authorities repeatedly harassed, intimidated, and attacked journalists. Arbitrary arrests and detentions, sometimes followed by prosecutions on baseless charges under the criminal code, were common.
throughout southern and central Somalia, civilians continue to face more rigorous taxation by Al Shabaab, forcing many into displacement and causing the loss of productive assets, thus rendering those civilians more vulnerable to food insecurity.
Al Shabaab continues to maintain control of key areas and to take control of towns after the withdrawal of the Somali national armed forces and other governmentaffiliated forces, resulting in the disruption of humanitarian operations and, in some cases, the complete suspension of programmes
Tensions remain high to date, while efforts to resolve the stand off continue. All mediation efforts by external actors, including the United Nations, have failed, and both parties have remained firm in their positions, setting prerequisite conditions for entering into negotiations that are unacceptable to the opposing side.
Acute Watery Diarrhea  ( AWD ) , cholera, measles, and malaria are critical threats in Somalia, particularly for children. Although AWD cases reportedly declined from 197 cases in August to 107 recorded cases in September, overall outbreaks of communicable diseases, including AWD, will likely increase as a result of flooding in October 2019.
There exists other open or weak river embankments in these districts as identified through satellite image analysis. However, due to constraints in logistics the survey team could only access the mapped areas.
Due to reduced food and milk intake, coupled with a seasonal increase in disease incidence, a Serious  ( GAM WHZ 10 14.9 percent )  level of acute malnutrition is expected by May across Northern Inland Pastoral  ( NIP )  livelihood zone.
Number of people reached with critical WASH supplies and services: 11,190 of 1,200,000  ( 1% )
The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs  ( OCHA )  is calling for swift action from the international community, to avoid a major humanitarian crisis in a country whose ability to cope with disasters is significantly less than that of surrounding countries.
Violations and abuses such as sexual and gender based violence, child recruitment, attacks on civilian areas and forced evictions remain pervasive features of the protection crisis in Somalia.
The 2.1 million people in Somalia who are in a situation of Crisis or worse in terms of food insecurity  ( IPC Phase 3+ )  require urgent action to prevent food consumption gaps and acute malnutrition.
Individuals and social groups such as women, children, people with disabilities, older persons and people from marginalised communities are at heightened risk of violence, exploitation, exclusion and discrimination.  (  Because of ongoing conflict )
Children with disabilities face additional challenges related to cultural stigmas, limited capacity  ( teachers and schools )  to respond to their needs, and lacking targeted/specialized support.
In Wajid, prices of local cereals and imported food items are decreasing compared to last week. For instance red and white maize decreased by  36% and  40% respectively due to arrival of Deyr harvest in the market. Also, imported food items decreased by  9% to  29%.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  27% of IDP settlement and 23% of non IDP settlement households found with a health Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
524 cases have been so far admitted in Biadoa Cholera Treatment Centers  ( CTCs )  with 6 deaths.
Similarly based on their observation/hearsay/knowledge 38% of the KI believe that the number of children associated with armed forces/groups increasing since the day of displacement. And 38% of the respondents believe that most recruitments happen in camps while 16% think that it is on the road  ( e.g. to formal and informal school or to collecting wood )  and 6% of the KI believe it is at service points  ( e.g. health center or food/water distribution )
Beletweyne District: This is one of worst flood affected districts with most of the settlements submerged, affecting 250,000 people; and led to displacement of 200,000 people. The number of cholera cases recorded in Beletwayn from the onset of the outbreak is 556 cases with 5 deaths reported.
Outbreaks of communicable diseases such as acute watery diarrhea will likely increase as a result of a potential drop in water availability and quality.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Two most commonly reported problems encountered when accessing health services or treatment by household of IDP settlements were Cost of services and/or medicine was too high  ( 39% ) , Did not get access to qualified health staff at the health facility  ( 29% ) .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  87% and 86% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported no awareness of medical, legal, or psychological services to address incidents of GBV.
At least 80 per cent of the IDPs living in temporary shelters are likely to be affected if the rains intensify. A rapid assessment conducted by Camp Coordination Camp Management cluster partners indicates that at least 157 IDP sites with a population of over 97,360 IDPs are lacking shelter and non food items, including sites where displaced people have settled in the past six months.
Between January and November 2020, Nutrition Cluster partners reached 320,287 boys and 361,174 girls aged 6 59 months, representing 85 per cent of the target in the 2020 Humanitarian Response Plan  ( HRP ) . Out of these, 236,168 were severely acute malnourished children, 445,293 moderately acute malnourished, and 133,109 pregnant and lactating women were admitted.
Most commonly reported location of protection incidents, by % of assessed settlements reporting any protection incidents: In shelters  ( 54% ) , On the road  ( 32% ) , markets  ( 21% )
There were 64,840 children who were supported with a comprehensive education package from UNICEF that included safe and protective learning spaces, teachers and school feeding. It also addressed the protection and safety needs for children by providing protection services including psychosocial support, child protection support and violence prevention and awareness creation to sensitize communities on children's safety.
Marginalised communities, women and persons with disabilities face additional challenges due to pre existing and emerging discrimination, as well as lack of inclusion in humanitarian response.
In South Gaalkacyo, Burbisharo IDP settlement is home to 1,200 people displaced by severe drought that broke out in Mudug region in 2016 17
Peoples' ability to submit complains and concerns to formal and informal authorities as well as to agencies delivering assistance, is limited.
There are many reasons that FGM is almost universally practiced in Somalia including the fact that many religious and community leaders encourage the practice, wrongly justifying it as a religious necessity. Families also view cutting as a way of protecting their daughter's chastity and that it is a prerequisite for marriage.
Through a variety of programmes, UNICEF and UNFPA are working with communities to change those attitudes and educate families on the life threatening consequences of forcing young girls to undergo FGM.However, alongside those efforts to change traditional beliefs, it is also critical that the Government of Somalia take action to eliminate this abhorrent practice.
On 26th Dec. 2020, Al Shabaab gave orders to the residents of seven villages in Marka district, namely: Farange, Daariyow, Shufeeri, Kamiirow, Gaarilow, Buulo Dhurow and Falkooni and the instruction was to leave the villages within 48hrs.
Displacement caused by floods increased in 2019, but, on a positive note, displacement caused by drought and conflict/insecurity in decreased, compared to 2018. However, drought and conflict/insecurity contribute to aggravate the protracted displacement crisis, leaving an increasing number of IDPs without prospects for durable solution.
Groups like Al Shabaab have benefitted from climate impacts to boost recruitment. Studies show that the livelihood deterioration caused by droughts can trigger economic decline, forcing pastoralists to sell more of their livestock and depressing prices, which increases the risk that they may turn to livestock raiding or join armed groups
Cyclone Gati has aggravated the humanitarian situation in Puntland. The cyclone affected nearly 200,000 people, of whom 42,000 were displaced by associated rainfall.
Meanwhile, in late May, a WFP chartered aircraft carrying humanitarian supplies to Qansax Dheere was hit by ground fire by unknown perpetrators. Fortunately, there were no reported casualties or significant damage. However, as a result, flights to Qansax Dheere were immediately suspended, consequently affecting partners' ability to replenish stocks.
Local partners in Afmadow, Jubaland, report that prepositioned supplies are limited and roads have become partially impassable. Humanitarian flights remain limited due to COVID 19 restrictions. Preliminary indications are that affected communities need shelter, food and non food items.
Direct threats to life and physical integrity of civilians continue to undermine protection of affected populations, with reported impact of armed violence and conflict increasing in 2019.
Most commonly reported main radio stations listened to by the population, by % of assessed settlements: BBC Somalia  ( 66% ) , Voice of America  ( 27% ) , None  ( 19% ) , Radio Shabelle  ( 6% ) , and Star FM  ( 1% ) .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  2% of households of both IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported their property or possessions were damaged or stolen in the 30 days prior to data collection.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  6% of the households found with Protection living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 3% found to be extreme+ severe, 2% severe, 65 %stress, 29% no or minimal.
Families undertake Female genital mutilation ( FGM )  for their girl children to ensure marriageability, reduce mouths to feed and provide some form of social and financial security.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  4% and 5% of households IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported areas in their community where girls or women do not feel safe.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  57% of Households of IDP settlements have not been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection while 30% of Households of IDP settlements have been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  97% of IDP settlement and 86% of non IDP settlement households found with a Education Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
More than 900,000 people have been affected by flooding in Somalia, 412,000 of them displaced. Some 24 people have died since rains started in early April, and at least 29 districts are affected. Infrastructure has also been damaged, and homes and farmland have been inundated. The risk of cholera has increased.
As at 31 May, UNHCR has raised awareness about prevention and response to COVID 19 among 270,000 persons, distributed hygiene kits to 35,000 persons and provided cash assistance to 9,500 persons who were unable to meet their basic needs
Throughout May, UNHCR continued providing protection, assistance and support to refugees and asylum seekers with registration and documentation, education, health care, livelihood and self reliance, cash based interventions, provision of core relief items, legal support, sexual and gender based violence  ( SGBV )  prevention and response, peaceful coexistence and community based protection.
Somalia has 2.6 million internally displaced persons  ( IDPs )  who have limited access to quality essential healthcare, water and sanitation services and live in more than 2,000 sites in crowded living conditions in urban and semi urban areas. The elderly – approximately 2.7 per cent of the population – and the urban poor are also considered vulnerable groups who could be worst affected by COVID 19.
UNHCR continued supporting the public national health system to mitigate the outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic by distributing personal protective equipment to hospitals and their medical staff, donation of containers to the government for isolation centres, raising awareness among refugees and asylum seekers about COVID 19 prevention and distribution of hygiene kits.
According to the latest World Bank estimates, GDP is projected to decline by 2.5% in 2020 to US$ 4.6 billion, compared with a pre crisis forecast of 3.2% growth. Federal, state and local governments expect shortfalls in domestic revenue, greatly hindering their ability to respond to the increased needs of Somalis
Displacement: Lack of job  ( 34% ) , no consensus  ( 26% ) , no access to services  ( 23% )  were most commonly reported secondary reason for non displaced population leaving.
Since February 2021, the corona virus pandemic has worsened in Somalia. As of 6 March, the total COVID 19 cases recorded in Somalia reached 10,085, including 5,518 active cases, 4,498 recoveries and 429 deaths since the outbreak. Mogadishu remains the epic center followed by Somaliland and Puntland.
The Federal Government of Somalia is calling on donors to provide sufficient and early funding to scale up of emergency response as the projected poor rainfall, the impact of the flooding, desert locust and the impact of COVID 19 pandemic are again pushing up to 2.7 million people across the country towards a major humanitarian emergency.
Somalia has 2.6 million internally displaced persons  ( IDPs )  who have limited access to quality essential healthcare, water and sanitation services and live in more than 2,000 sites in crowded living conditions in urban and semi urban areas
In many southern cropping zones, cumulative rainfall for the April to June season is less than 70 percent of average, according to satellite derived rainfall data. In cropping zones in Gedo, Bakool, and Hiiraan, cumulative near average to above average rainfall is driven by surplus rainfall in April, which outpaced the rainfall deficits recorded in May and June.
The level of acute food insecurity has increased significantly since the beginning of the year. The severely acute food insecure people were about 1.1 million by early 2020, as determined by the post Dyer seasonal assessment result. This figure increased and is projected to reach 3.5 million.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  13% of households reported having received aid in the 30 days prior to data collection.
As of December 2020, a total of 345,389  ( 55 per cent children )  individuals were reached with child friendly awareness raising sessions, positive parenting messages and flyers on child protection, and COVID 19 risks.
Somalia is also grappling with COVID 19, with more than 1,000 cases confirmed. The Government is working with humanitarian and health partners to contain the spread of the pandemic.
The high population growth of the city and the high interest to make profits have had negative impacts on the environment through the overexploitation of resources, including offshore fisheries and deforestation of large tracts of land in the southern sector near the border of Somalia and Kenya.
In Mogadishu prices of fruit and vegetables are decreasing compared with last week except tomatoes that remain the same. Potatoes, onions, and carrots decreased by  31%,  10%,  50% respectively. In addition, most varieties of vegetables and fruits are available in the market.
The integration of port and airport with the road infrastructure is also reputed a must. Investment in infrastructure could allow the resumption of cross border trade and trigger sustainable economic development and inclusive job creation. This would also require to better link such infrastructure development projects with urban and territorial planning that takes into account the specific challenges and opportunities for tertiary urban centres along the corridors.
Differently from the previous national development plan, the NDP9 does not divide strategic intervention across geographical regions, but presents a comprehensive strategy to reduce poverty in Somalia that is organized around four pillars: inclusive politics , improved security and the rule of law , inclusive economic growth ,improved human development.
Aviation is also a major asset for the city and at country level, considering that Kismayo Airport is one of the four international ones  ( together with Mogadishu, Hargeisa and Garowe ) , but to operate at scale it would need major investments.
Food Security and livelihoods: Among the assessed settlements, most commonly reported reasons why people were not able to access enough food were Natural causes ( 66% ) , Economic causes  ( 56% ) , Security issues  ( 41% ) .
According to the Bulletin, 5.2M people are in need of humanitarian assistance.
According to the Bulletin, 2.6 million people are displaced by conflict and natural disasters as of October 2020.
Several areas previously occupied by port activities have been occupied by the expansion of the cities. In particular, two large IDP site has developed at the beginning of the Isthmus. and surrounded the former Bulk fuel storage. While fuel storage should be moved in a more safe and secure location, the area remains not suitable for residential uses, and IDPs should be supported for resettlement.
Partners have reported a lack of PPEs for school children, following the sudden re opening of schools in mid August by the Government. Under the COVID 19 response, Education partners had reprogrammed their projects with the understanding that the school closure would continue until December, while from August to December, children would receive alternative learning  ( home schooling ) .
Several activities could be enhanced by a functional port. This could relate to livestock and export facilities, with a slaughterhouse and a meat market, but also the reestablishment of the Industrial area. In depth site analyses on uses compatible with the urban environment will be needed.
The onset and spread of the COVID 19 pandemic required Humanitarian Country Teams  ( HCT )  to quickly confront the scope and scale of new and rapidly evolving humanitarian needs. The new situation required an analysis of which interventions could no longer be implemented and which should be adapted, suspended, or reprioritized. It also required a review of delivery modalities to comply with social distancing and other containment measures.
Heavy trucks from and to the port may effect the road conditions of inner city roads . There will be a need to strengthen the connection between the harbour and the regional hinterland and at the same time reduce congestion of urban road from cargo transport
About half of the affected people  ( 216,895 )   ( by floods ) have been displaced from their homes. Some 16 people have also died since the rains began in early April.
Protection/GBV: KIs from 54% of assessed settlements reported protection incidents that happened to women in their settlement of origin.56% of the assessed settlements reported the most common type of protection incidents that happened to women was marriage under 18.Similarly 12% of the assessed settlements reported the most common type of protection incidents that happened to women were killing and physical violence.
The city is also underserved by the existing poor drainage network, with the town experiencing flooding and water stagnation on many occasions when it rains. This leads to the disruption of normal livelihoods, health hazards, contamination of open shallow wells, destruction of property and loss of lives.
The FGS and FMS, with support from regional and international partners, should strengthen their capacity to prevent and resolve climate related clan and other local disputes before they turn violent. Early anticipatory preventive responses to emerging climate related security risks can disrupt attempts by local and national elites to manipulate climate change impacts. Importantly, such environmental peacebuilding efforts can enhance local and national capacities to resolve disputes peacefully
All drinking water comes from few private desalination plants that treat the brackish groundwater. The main companies are Juba Water, in the process of drilling boreholes approximately 30km out of the city centre. Second Caafi which has drilled boreholes approximately 4 km out of the city centre. The water cost from the private company is high, with 1,000 litres being sold at 5 USD and therefore inaccessible and unreliable to most households.
Strong winds in 2020 helped to spread locusts across the region; in March/April and November/December, Somali agriculturalists faced two infestations that led to the loss of approximately 20 per cent of national crop yields. New infestations in 2021 are likely
[ Specific locations assessed Baidoa, Mogadishu, Galkayo ] Of potential protection concern is the use of sanitation facilities at night or that are non gender segregated  ( 8% ) . Relying on humanitarian assistance is the last coping strategy to access sanitation facilities that was reportedly used by more than 5% of the population nationally.
Communication: 79% of the assessed settlements reported lack of electricity as a barrier to accessing information while 39% and 35% of the assessed settlements reported lack of mobile signal and radio signal as a barriers to accessing information respectively.
Kismayo has a road network structured around few primary roads – the only paved ones   and a fine mesh of secondary and tertiary roads. Conditions are very poor in general, with almost no road side water drains, limited street lighting, and no formal traffic control  ( signage, road marking, traffic lights ) .
Somalia continued to face multiple threats, including the COVID 19 pand emic, Desert Locusts and poor rains from the Deyr season. In the north of the country, the situation was further aggravated by unprecedented rainfall and strong winds from Cyclone Gati in November, which caused flash floods resulting in crop, livestock and property losses, particularly in Iskushuban district of Bari region.
Approximately 120,000 people were affected, including the displacement of around 42,100 people.  ( Affected due to floods, dessert locusts, pandemic, etc )
“IDPs are among the most vulnerable if there is a COVID 19 outbreak in a settlement,' said the Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary General, Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator for Somalia, Mr. Adam Abdelmoula. “The conditions in IDP camps, including the lack of sanitation and WASH facilities, threat of evictions and lack of access to health care facilities, could create a dangerous environment that would accelerate the spread of the virus.'
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  32% and 44% of Households IDP and non IDP settlements respectively reported education of their children had been disrupted as a result of the COVID 19 outbreak.
[ General household information ]  Two most common sources of COVID  19 information, as reported by households were Health worker at health facility  (  59% )  and Settlement leaders  ( 52% ) .
( Recommendations from Every Last Child for Partners supporting NID includes )    Ensure that the health facilities they support offer RI including IPV, at all times with Penta 3 ∙ During the campaign coordinate with district or regional health authorities to ensure having a stocks of polio vaccines , finger marker and tally sheet for vaccinating children, especially if the health facility is busy. ∙ Monitor all under 5 children coming to your health facility during the campaign, if they have received polio vaccine by checking they have a finger mark on their finger or toe. If a child does not have you can offer the polio drops or refer them to the nearest vaccination team. )
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported areas in the community where girls and/or women do not feel safe were: On the way to markets  ( 84% ) , In the markets  ( 66% )  ) , At water points  ( 27% ) .
Furthermore, with the rising population and the consequent proliferation of wells and boreholes the situation is likely to deteriorate, with the risk of compromising irreversibly the water table.
[ General household information ]  The most commonly reported reasons for not taking action on COVID 19 were COVID 19 was not prevalent in the area  ( 34% ) , not at high risk of getting COVID 19  ( 32% ) .
Inadequate specific targeting of women for food aid and direct cash/voucher assistance contributed to sustaining food insecurity in families, heightened tensions and intimate partner violence.
The forecast calls for light to moderate rains in most parts of the southern regions of the country. IGAD Climate Prediction & Application Centre  ( ICPAC )  predicts drier than usual conditions likely to be recorded over most parts of Somalia, warning these conditions pose some risk to livelihoods. Farmers, pastoralists and all stakeholders are advised to take appropriate measures to mitigate the impact of these drier than usual conditions.
Somalia is highly susceptible to the effects of climate change and extreme weather, such as periods of extended drought, flash floods, erratic rainfall, disruption to the monsoon seasons, strong winds, cyclones, sandstorms and dust storms
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  73% and 74% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported no awareness of medical, legal, or psychological services to address incidents of GBV.
The UNSC should institutionalize the position of the Environmental Security Advisor in UNSOM, to enhance coordination with the FGS, but also for better integrated responses within the UN system across the humanitariandevelopment–peace nexus and mainstreaming climate security into the work of the UN system on the community level.
A total of 348 Acute Flaccid Paralysis cases  (  162 Female and 186 Male )  have been reported in 2020. 14 cVDPV cases have been reported in Somalia in 2020. The most recent cVDPV2 case reported on 25th October, 2020. 26 cVDPV2 positive environmental samples have been reported in 2020, from six environmental sites in Banadir, Baidoa and Kismayo. The most recent cVDPV2 [  ES ]  case reported was on 24th October, 2020.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The main driver of protection LSGs was found to be*: • Households reporting having experienced movement restrictions in the 30 days prior to data collection  ( 20% ) .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  22% of the households found with Protection living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 0% found to be extreme+, 2% extreme, 20% severe, 42% stress, 36% no or minimal.
Almost one in five IDP children show signs of chronic malnutrition.
The FGS and FMS should strengthen their analysis and coordination mechanisms, generate early warning and take more anticipatory action to prevent climate related inter group tensions from becoming violent, and to prevent Al Shabaab and other armed groups from taking advantage of climate impacts to expand their influence.
The high influx of IDPs and returnees might aggravate these conflicts as well as affect the local government's ability to provide security if the situation is not addressed properly and timely. Al Shabaab has in fact successfully recruited unemployed youth, and it is feared that returnees especially from Dadaab will be more prone to recruitment, as they are faced with the lack of livelihood and educational opportunities in Somalia and some consider the return involuntary
Security threats however continue to persist, due to the possible presence of Al Shabaab, exacerbated by the complex clan composition of the town and land and family disputes.
On 4 May, a chartered cargo plane carrying mosquito nets for IDPs in the town of Bardaale was reportedly shot down by security forces while landing in a case of mistaken identity, resulting in the death of all six people on board. As a result of the incident, the airport at Bardaale was closed. While supplies continued to be flown into Baidoa, access by road to Bardaale using commercial contractors has been intermittent due to insecurity, restricting the flow of humanitarian aid.
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types shelter damage or defects reported by households were Opening or cracks in roof  ( 32% )  , Roof partially collapsed  ( 36% ) , Broken or cracked windows  ( 39% ) .
Currently, as a port city, Kismayo is highly contented for by different groups including political, business men and the militia who have one main interest: generating income from taxation of the port and airport activities which have the potential to generate high amount of tax revenue.
COVID 19 restrictions, including the suspension of international and domestic flights  ( with the exception of humanitarian cargo )  which was lifted on 3 August, the closure of borders and most notably, social distancing restrictions added an extra layer of complexity, resulting in the reduction, suspension or cancellation of humanitarian projects and programmes.
The World Bank Group is making available up to $160 billion over a 15 month period ending June 2021 to help more than 100 countries protect the poor and vulnerable, support businesses, and bolster economic recovery. This includes $50 billion of new IDA resources through grants and highly concessional loans and $12 billion for developing countries to finance the purchase and distribution of COVID 19 vaccines.
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  5% households reporting having at least one member facing discrimination due to age, disability, or heritage.
Various guidance documents were developed by Cluster partners to support partners to adapt delivery modalities, including on remote case management, on disability inclusion in the COVID response and on child protection prevention and child friendly risk communications.
The WASH Cluster has provided hygiene kits to 2,000 households and trucked water for 700 households. WHO has deployed primary health and rapid response teams to support health services. Further support is needed for Wanla Weyn as the response has mostly targeted Afgooye district.
Some 2.6 million people remain displaced and nearly 1 million children out of class due to the COVID 19 related closure of schools. At the same time, desert locusts are eating up thousands of hectares of cops and pasture in Somaliland, Puntland and Galmudug.
A total of 60 case workers were trained to deliver cultural and gender responsive case management services while 57 humanitarian and government actors gained skills to deliver GBV services and programming using the GBV survivor centred approach.
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types shelter damage or defects reported by households were Opening or cracks in roof  ( 29% )  , Roof partially collapsed  ( 24% ) , Broken or cracked windows  ( 21% ) .
In Kismayo, prices of imported food items are increasing compared to last week. For instance, vegetable oil and sugar increased by 2% and 8% respectively
The Federal Government of Somalia is also mobilizing resources within its reach to provide emergency relief supplies and applauds aid agencies for prioritizing saving lives and ending need through community resilience building.
Due to lack of funding, some partners will not be able to implement planned emergency shelter and NFI activities.
Overall, more than 191,800 people have been affected by flash and riverrine floods between May and July in Hirshabelle, South West and Jubaland states. Nearly 147,579 hectares of farmland has been inundated in 100 villages in Balcad, Jowhar and Mahaday districts. In Banadir region, four IDPs died and hundreds have lost shelters.
In many areas of southern and central Somalia, the ongoing Hagaa season rains have been heavier than previous years, with strong winds and lower temperatures reported.
On 29 July, IOM handed over the newly constructed Kismayo Land Authority building to the Jubaland Land Authority through a ribbon cutting ceremony attended by representatives from various government authorities. The office will provide land administration support for Kismayo district.
The World Bank Group, one of the largest sources of funding and knowledge for developing countries, is taking broad, fast action to help developing countries strengthen their pandemic response. It is supporting public health interventions, working to ensure the flow of critical supplies and equipment, and helping the private sector continue to operate and sustain jobs.
Afgooye and Wanla Weyn districts in Lower Shabelle are the worst affected, with an estimated 70,000 people affected since 5 July, of whom 42,000 are displaced. The floods also destroyed houses, other properties and large swathes of farmland with crops.
In Banadir region, about 800 flood displaced families from Afgooye district arrived in Kahda district during the last week of July.
$15 million from the Central Emergency Response Fund  ( CERF )  has been allocated to support a series of anticipatory action interventions in Somalia over the next 18 months
[ Displacement ]  Top three reported reasons for leaving previous location were Drought  (  25% ) , Actual conflict in community  ( 24% ) , Conflict in surrounding area  ( 8% ) .
Drought conditions are predicted due to the risks associated with the high chance of a La Niña developing through March, which will likely affect crop production and food security.
A reported 14 per cent of women aged 15 49 had experienced physical violence since the age of 12, while 8 per cent reported they had experienced physical violence in the 12 months preceding the survey. Against this backdrop, gender based violence has increased amid the COVID 19 pandemic.
A July 2020 GBV/FGM Rapid Assessment Report in the Context of COVID 19 Pandemic in Somalia reported incidents of intimate partner violence, rape, sexual exploitation, sexual harassment and abuse of women and girls spiked about 25 per cent in the first half of 2020 compared to the same period in previous years.
The 16 Days of Activism, spanning 25 November 10 December, is a global call to end the disturbing impact of genderbased violence in communities. This year, the Somalia Federal Government, with support from partners and civil society, organized various events in observation of the 16 Days. Activities included awareness campaigns, public debates and workshops, round table discussions, and advocacy in relation to legislation of sexual offences.
Health: Most commonly reported types of health services available from the assessed settlements reporting access were drugstore  ( 56% ) , clinic  ( 33% ) , individual practice  ( 7% ) .
Protection/GBV: 1% of assessed settlements where KIs reported presence of unaccompanied children in the month preceding data collection.90% reported there were no any presence of unaccompanied children in the month preceding data collection.
With median national global acute malnutrition  ( GAM )  of 13.8 per cent at serious level across Somalia, it is estimated that 1.3 million boys and girls and pregnant and lactating women  ( 1.008 million boys and girls )  will suffer from high acute malnutrition in 2020, with 178,000 children under 5 affected by life threatening severe malnutrition, with 830,000 moderately malnourished and 270,000 pregnant and lactating women also requiring emergency nutrition services.
More than 8.9 million people are affected by poor and deteriorating WASH conditions in Somalia, which have been further exacerbated by the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic affecting people's health and livelihoods.
School meals have been suspended as schools are closed and the provision of cooked meals/wet feeding in Mogadishu was also suspended.
The Border between Belethawa, Dobley and Elwak  ( Somalia )  and Mandera  ( Kenya )  remain closed. Borders between Ethiopia & Somalia remain closed though the local authorities from both sides periodically allow movement of people and commodities. Borders between Somaliland and Ethiopia & Somaliland and Djibouti remain open for cross border trade
All airports in Somalia remain open for local and international passenger flights. No delays to operations have been reported so far. Due to the reopening of Kenya and Somalia airspace, UNHAS continues its weekly flight on route Mogadishu – Nairobi  Mogadishu. All passenger travels are subject to both governments' COVID 19 guidelines. The latest UNHAS flight schedule  ( until 31 December )  has been published here on the Logistics Cluster's Somalia page.
According to a perception survey176, 71 per cent of child protection partners reported that children were experiencing psychological distress. Child protection partners have also witnessed increased fear and anxiety amongst children due to disruption of their daily routines.
Due to the recent availability of commercial carriers and the reopening of airways, the WFP Aviation Global Passenger Service into Somalia has now concluded. UNHAS has been facilitating the timely movement of blood samples to key laboratories in Mogadishu and Nairobi on behalf of the Ministry of Health.
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  93% households reporting having been displaced for longer than one year
Existence of river breakages  ( 109 points identified and reported by SWALIM in Septemebr 2020 )  along the Shabelle is likely to exacerbate the flooding. Users are advised that this is a forecast and at times there may be discrepancies between estimates and actual amounts of rainfall received.
Extrapolation of survey results conducted by various organizations working on Risk Communication and Community Engagement  ( RCCE )  indicates a 91 96 per cent awareness level of COVID 19 symptoms and preventive measures.
Additional priority area for consideration is to protect the infants of mothers that are COVID 19 positive and to ensure the continuity of breast feeding while adopting the safety measures and doing so, Community Health Worker and mobilizers have already been trained in this regard.
( in Puntland, Somaliland and Galmudug. )  Livelihood support is planned parallel to the control operation. About 30,000 pastoralists are targeted for support with 3,400 MT of rangeland cubes. In addition, 54,300 households are targeted for livelihoods support in the current cropping season. Impact assessment on crop production is ongoing with partners in the field. The result will better inform the livelihood support response strategy, considering the desert locust impact. Desert locust community sensitisation messaging was introduced to complement the ongoing control measures.
Major reasons for displacement were floods  ( 19% ) , drought  ( 84% ) , conflict  ( 4% )
The myriad challenges associated with delivering humanitarian assistance in Somalia have been exacerbated by the COVID 19 pandemic.
Approximately 1.1 million children were out of school from March to August 2020 as a result of COVID 19 preventive measures enforced by the Federal Government of Somalia.
Food Security and livelihoods: Most commonly reported strategies used to cope with lack of food in the settlement were limiting portion sizes ( 63% ) , Borrow food from others ( 65% ) , Reduce number of meals  ( 58% ) .
"The fight against COVID 19 has put an additional strain on health care resources and is stretching our ability to respond to multiple health threats at the same time," said Ana Maria Guzman, the health coordinator for the ICRC in Somalia. "We are also seeing a decline in clinic visits during the pandemic, which is deeply worrying in that preventable deaths from diseases such as malaria or complications in child birth could claim more lives than COVID 19 itself."
Those with disabilities can face risks related to nutrition due to feeding difficulties, health conditions, separation from families and/or stigma and discrimination.
When water is scarce, people tend to rely on less preferred sources  ( 27 per cent ) , on surface water for drinking  ( 21 per cent )  or improvised sources for domestic use  ( 17 per cent ) ; as well as reduce domestic water consumption  ( 12 per cent )  and drinking water consumption  ( 9 per cent )  as key negative coping mechanisms.
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  74% households reporting not having any working household members
The town has several educational facilities including primary, secondary, tertiary and Quranic schools, both public and private. There is however no free education at any level.
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  50% of the households found with nutrition living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 9% found to be extreme severe, 41% severe, 48% stress, 2% no or minimal.
Infrastructure has also been damaged, and homes and farmland inundated  ( because of floods  ) . The risk of diseases including acute watery diarrhoea and cholera has also increased. On 9 May, 90 new cases of acute watery diarrhoea were reported in Doolow, Jubaland.
Activities: Support delivery of effective and well coordinated humanitarian assistance: Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit  ( FSNAU )  | monitoring and reporting on markets, food security and nutrition, rainfall, and vegetation conditions | capacity development of national institutions | Somalia Water and Land Information Management  ( SWALIM )  | data generation, app development and mapping | expansion of hydro meteorological monitoring network | climate and flood related preparedness
Widespread insecurity, political fragility and humanitarian emergencies defined July. While testing for COVID 19 remains limited, Somalia's confirmed cases since the onset of the pandemic surpassed 3,000, among which more than 90 were fatal.
In Ceel Waaq district, major reasons for displacement are drought  ( 89% )  and conflict  ( 11% )
In Amfadow district, major reasons for displacement are drought  ( 74% ) , conflict  ( 20% ) , floods  ( 3%0 and eviction  ( 2% ) .
In addition, to address school absenteeism, 700 adolescent girls were supported with the distribution of female menstrual hygiene dignity kits and awareness raising sessions on menstrual hygiene management.
“There was a serious drought here in 2017 and people lost their livelihoods,' said Ahmed Hassan, Governor of the northern Sanaag region.
Local authorities are calling for help. In Galmudug in central Somalia, the Ministry of Livestock has asked aid agencies to help truck water and animal feed to hard hit families; help herders and farmers restock their diminished herds; and give cash transfers to people who have nothing left.
Humanitarian workers have set up a flooding task force and a national coordination system, bringing together humanitarian, development and peace organizations. In turn, local committees are coordinating medium  and long term flood responses with local authorities, including transboundary water management issues and nature based solutions.
More than 144,000 hectares of farmland were inundated during the Gu season, and as a result the July harvest decreased significantly. In addition, unusual Hagaa rains  ( July and August )  led to river flooding which inundated more than 100,000 hectares of farmland along the Shabelle River for more than six months in the lower parts of the river, before receding slowly in November 2020
Galkacyo IDPs recorded a GAM prevalence of 10.8 percent and SAM Prevalence of 2.2 percent indicating Serious levels of nutrition situation. For Galkacyo IDPs, morbidity among children under the age of five is high  ( 32.1% ) .
Protection: 47% of the assessed settlement where KIs reported any protection incidents happened in road, 53% reported in near water and 57% reported in field.
Despite the lower relative predicted increase, there is still a possibility of surges in the number of severe cases as seen in the first quarter of 2021.
In Karadheere district, conflict is the only reason  ( 100% )  that is pushing people into displacement
Major reasons for displacement was drought  ( 91% )  and conflict  ( 6% )
In Ceeri gabo, 100% of displacements are happening due to droughts
Provided 174 solar lanterns to improve safety for women and girls in IDP communities and provide opportunity for school children to study after work. Lanterns reduce the risk of fire and the negative impacts of burning kerosen indoors.
5.2 million people are in need. 2.6 million are IDPS, 6.3 million are food insecure, and 1.03 billion  ( USD )  is requsested for humanitarian responses.
As of June 2020, the Health Cluster in Somalia has requested a total of 103.4 million  ( USD )  and received only 18.6 million  ( USD ) . Of that, 47.6 million  ( USD )  was requested and only 8.9 million  ( USD )  received for COVID 19.
On GBV responses, 121 cases were provided sexually transmitted infection  ( STI )  treatment, basic emotional support and psychosocial support.140 dignity kits were provided to GBV risk and survivors in Mogadishu IDP and Lower Shabelle Region IDPs.
In Somalia, only one Land Border Point was partially open. Another 20 were closed for both entry and exit.
According to OCHA, 12,650 cyclone affected households  ( 75,900 people )  received emergency shelter, non food items, health, and nutrition services in December.
In rural Somalia, most areas are classified as being in food Stress  ( IPC Phase 2 ) , while Guban Pastoral, Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral, and parts of Hiraan, Galguduud and the Jubas are in Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  11% of households reported having received aid in the 30 days prior to data collection.
Need for construction of proper roads and a drainage system in Kismayo town. Need to reconstruct damaged latrines. Need for NFIs and Shelter materials, particularly locally available ones to help displaced people rebuild their damaged shelters. Hygiene promotion to prevent disease outbreaks such as AWD/cholera is also needed.