nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
[ 1st April, 2021, Bangladesh ] As table 6.1 shows, of the reporting, most negative experiences were in the mental suffering category. Given the very low level of response, it would be technically difficult to justify any conclusions between incidences of punishment and the stay at home period. Eve teasing, sexual harassment and digital bullying were all noted but at a significant degree. However care should be taken to interpret this data as data collection constraints were obvious. This area of data will need direct response confirmation.48% of them victimized from neighbor, 24% of them victimized from unknown person and 19% victimized from relatives out of all eve teasing and sexual harassment.
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Of the 19 community members interviewed, 17 report that, prior to Ramadan, they did not have access to enough nutritious food. Thirteen respondents report that during Ramadan their level of access to nutritious foods has not changed, whilst the remaining six say they have had less access.
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: The majority report that the main obstacles they are facing relate to the cost of food and accessing the foods they want. One person said they can only afford to have water for iftar, another just water and chickpeas, whilst others can only afford to have rice with lentils. All except one person interviewed report that they do not have access to the foods they would like to have during Ramadan. They would like to have access to more fresh fish, meats, and fruits.
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: To better understand their experiences and challenges this Ramadan, TWB interviewed 19 community members, all of whom have now been fasting for several weeks. They want better access to nutritious foods, and information about whether support is available to them to get those foods during Ramadan and Eid al Fitr.
[ 28 April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Health Sector Updates • COVID 19 Restrictions • International flight restrictions extended  ( 5 May )  • General restrictions public movement  ( media )
[ 1st April, 2021, Bangladesh ] Food Security: Main challenges: • It is tough to purchase food every time • It is difficult to maintain nutritious balance • It is also tough to provide food to the family regularly  (  daily two times )  • The big challenges are food deficiency and some time we pass a meal without food. • Under the Covid 19 situation, there was food crisis in the poor students' families for lock down and general public holidays. • Many of family are suffer lot for food deficiency. • Children did not eat vegetables but we motivated them that vegetables have the immunity power. • We did not buy meat, fish due to rising price but we tried to provide them eggs and others vegetables • We did not buy delicious food from the restaurant but we tried to make food at home by watching YouTube. • Children had more interest in homemade cake and pitha, we tried to make it as per our ability. • We could not meet demand of children but tried to collect arrears money from others and did extra loaded work • We made understand of the children that the situation. We changed our meal plan and went to borrow money to meet the crises. • Last 04 months could not able to purchase/buy good food items due to money problem/poor income • Passing days eating rice, dal and potato
[ 1st April, 2021, Bangladesh ] Mitigation measure/ way of solving those challenges/problems: • Sometime gets some food from relatives and sometimes gets some food from local government and elite persons of area. • Collected some food from neighbors and try to help reach others during this pandemic situation. • Collecting local food like vegetable, little fish from canal 31 • Communicated with another NGO and UP Chairman for their list. After that some family got food support from UP and another compassion project. • In this situation, people have borrowed rice from the Lokokendra and provided food support in collaboration with the local government. • One day in a week go to bazar to purchase only emergency or necessary items • Due to low/poor family income only eating rice, dal/pulse and potato to address the crucial situation • Just motivated children and family members to pass the bad days by eating low cost food and when the good time will come again we will back to our previous life • NGOs provided financial support • Borrowed money from the village and got treatment • The employers of husband helped food and grocery item during corona • All the money we have saved has been spent
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Some people are facing additional financial challenges due to a reduction in available work due to Covid 19 lockdown restrictions, while others are having problems accessing drinking water where they live due to supply issues.
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Based on these community perspectives it is apparent that during this Ramadan people are facing challenges accessing the nutritious foods they need to comfortably observe the month of fasting. Particularly for those community members who are unable to access sufficient food to meet basic needs, there is a need for communication on what support may be available to them.
[ 19th July 2021, Bangladesh ]  While workers aged 35 or more can register to get vaccinated, only 2% of the surveyed workers had received the Covid 19 vaccine prior to the survey conducted. You need to keep in mind that the inability to ensure access to Covid 19 vaccines will put millions of garment workers at risk because they are employed in one of our most crucial industries.
[ 6th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  Significant impacts observed and further anticipated on food value chains and prolonged impacts can include limited access and distribution, reduced food diversity, impact on upcoming planting seasons, and even potential collapse of some agriculture sectors.
[ 7th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  Earlier, the country received the first consignment of 500,000 doses of the vaccine on May 12.
[ 10 16 May, 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugee/Host: Cholera Surveillance: Total thirty one  ( 31 )  Cholera RDT positive/culture cases reported as of W19 2021. Out of those 8 were confirmed and 16 by culture and remaining 7 results yet to be received.In 2020, total 28 RDT/Culture positive cases for Cholera detected through sentinel testing. Specifically, 5 became confirmed by culture   2 from Ukhiya Host, 1 from Teknaf host and 2 from Refugees.
[ 21st May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Bangladesh authorities have imposed a lockdown in five Rohingya refugee camps in southeastern Bangladesh after an alarming spread of the coronavirus, officials said. The shutdown will initially last for a week, until May 27, Shah Rezwan Hayat, head of Bangladesh's Refugee Relief and Repatriation Commission, said on Friday.
[ 21st May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: A total of 863 COVID 19 cases and 13 deaths have so far been reported among the more than a million Rohingya living in 34 camps in Cox's Bazar district after they fled persecution in neighboring Buddhist majority Myanmar. The first COVID 19 case was reported in a camp in May last year, more than two months after Bangladesh reported its first cases in March.
[ 5th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  The Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research  ( IEDCR )  has confirmed the presence the Delta variant, popularly known as the Indian variant, of coronavirus in seven samples that were sent out from Gopalganj.
[ 21st May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Law enforcement agencies were asked to strictly monitor the lockdown so that the residents stay indoors. Shops and transportation services in the area will also remain closed.
[ 5th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  The patients are currently quarantined at their respective homes in Telivita and Kalivita villages under the Sadar upazila. Meanwhile, to prevent further transmission of the Delta variant, the upazila administration decided to put both villages under a 7 day strict lockdown starting Saturday morning.
[ 5th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  Necessary steps have been taken so that no one can travel in and out of the two villages. During the lockdown period, the administration will provide necessary aid to the area.
[ 21st May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Since the virus was detected last year in the camps, Bangladesh authorities have tightly controlled visitors' entry into the area, amid fear that COVID 19 could wreak havoc in the squalid and extremely congested settlements. The restrictions helped keep down cases and deaths. A senior police officer said they have stepped up security and set up checkpoints in the settlements.
[ 10 16 May, 2021, Cox's Bazar ] Community based Mortality surveillance • In week 19, 17 deaths were recorded   • 64%  ( n=11 )  were due to causes classified as “Others' • 18%  ( n=3 )  as still birth  ( Born Dead )  • 18%  ( n=3 )  as neonatal  ( <28 days old )  • Out of reported deaths, 35% occurred in health facilities and 47% at homes and 18% from community/public place • Partners to report all mortalities into EWARS platform using both case and event based reporting as applicable.
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees:  People said it is very difficult to afford treatment outside the camps, as most of them do not have a job, especially women who have lost their husbands, or families with no earning members.
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Telephone interview participants also talked about food shortages. Participants said they need to sell part of their food to have money to spend on different things, like paying a guard to keep them safe at for night  ( since the fire incident ) , buying shelter kits, and getting health treatment outside of the camps.
[ 9 August, 2021, Cox' Bazar ]  Higher difficulties in basic food access in Cox's Bazar among relatively more urbanized communities have therefore evidently been driven by  ( i )  greater labor market disruptions and losses in purchasing power;8 and  ( ii )  limited scope for reliance for self production and consumption of basic foods paired with high reliance on market purchase of food. The implications of this finding for food security cannot be directly measured through phone surveys at this time.
Introduction: On March 22nd at around 3PM a fire broke out in camp 8W and spread through camps 8E and 9 and touching camp 10. Refugees displaced by the fire moved to adjacent camps where they congregated in open spaces, moved to the Learning Centres  ( LCs )  or stayed in the houses of other family members or friends.
[ 1st April 2021, Bangladesh ]  As many as 28,198 samples, including the pending ones, were tested in the 226 authorized labs    government and private    across the country. The overall infection rate of the country stands at 13.15%. Currently, 11,967 people are in isolation and 38,175 are in quarantine. On March 8 last year, the health authorities in Bangladesh reported the first three cases of Covid 19, a severe acute respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus strain which was later named Sars CoV 2.
[ 15th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  Bangladesh on Thursday entered the second day of weeklong strict restrictions on public movement and gathering to tackle the ongoing surge in Covid 19 cases and deaths. However, a number of services including the emergency ones, offices and factories are out of the lockdown restrictions in order to keep the economy and life in general moving.
According to the ISCG fire incident initial rapid joint needs assessment report 48,267 people are reportedly displaced, 607 people require some form of medical assistance and 399 people are missing so far. There have been 11 casualties2 . 10,100 shelters have been destroyed along with WaSH facilities  ( including water points, toilets and bathing facilities )  in the affected area. Two WFP nutrition centres and one food distribution point, 149 learning centres and six health facilities  ( including the IOM hospital, MSF Bulakhali clinic, Turkish Field Hospital )  which provided care to 70,000 people have been destroyed3 .
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Refugee: Lower satisfaction levels were reported for food aid, probably driven by the shift to commodity vouchers in most part of 2020.Dissatisfaction is also high with sanitation and hygiene, household utilities and water services. Cooking fuel provision and information dissemination initiatives showed high satisfaction levels.
[ 15th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  Under the circumstances, the Police Headquarters Thursday issued a notification, with the list of people who will not need the movement pass during the lockdown. They will be able to go to work by showing their identity cards. They are: >> Doctors, nurses and other medical staffs >> Individuals or staff involved in Covid 19 vaccination or treatment >> Bankers and bank staffs >> Journalists and camerapersons >> Telephone or internet service workers >> Private security guards >> Officers or employees involved in emergency services >> Office going government officials >> Workers or officials of industrial mills or garment factories >> Personnel of law enforcement agencies >> Fire Service and Civil Defence >> Postal service >> Individuals or officials who work for utility services  ( water, gas, power and fuel )  >> Individuals or officials who work at ports.
[ 15th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  Capital Dhaka on Thursday saw higher number of vehicles on the streets, compared to the first day of the lockdown. Law enforcers, determined and tirelessly working to maintain the restrictions, were seen checking people for movement pass at all major points of the city. The scene was mostly the same around the country as well.
[ 30 April 2021, Bangladesh ] After the lockdown, a few adolescents reported that they were now more able to go out and meet their friends or go to market than during lockdown. Worries related to family finances were also reducing as income earners were beginning to restart their activities.
[ 28th April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: The COVID 19 pandemic resulted in a reduction in services, assistance, and presence of humanitarian organisations while simultaneously increasing reliance on Rohingya volunteers to implement essential programmes. This led to an increased recognition among participants that the Rohingya are essential to service delivery.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  On Sunday, the Covid 19 National Technical Advisory Committee  ( NTAC )  recommended extending the lockdown by a week to stem the steep increase of the deadly virus in the country. Amid the resurgence in infections and deaths, the NTAC recommended a complete lockdown for at least two weeks. The country has meanwhile been under a lockdown for two weeks since April 7. It suggested reviewing the infection rate before ending the lockdown. A plan should be designed to lift the lockdown gradually, the panel said in a statement on Monday.
[ 28th July 2021, Cox's Bazar ] Both Host and Refugees: Continuous heavy rain in Cox's Bazar from 26 July has damaged 54 learning centres, 5 died from the host community, 1,292 shelters were damaged, 63 community facilities were damaged, 600 wash facilities were damaged.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  Since the start of the Covid 19 vaccination program Bangladesh on February 7, nearly 5.73 million people have received the first dose of the vaccine. Meanwhile, more than 1.5 million people have received the second dose, completing their vaccination. In other words, including the second doses, more than 7.2 million doses of vaccine have been administered in the country.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  The committee expressed satisfaction over the second phase of lockdown that was strictly implemented compared to the lax lockdown in the first week. However, since private offices and banks remain open, there has been an increase in traffic, mainly due to private cars. There are unwanted and unnecessary crowds at Iftar markets, making the success of the lockdown uncertain.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  A total of 7,133,899 people have registered till 5:30pm on Monday. The national coronavirus vaccination drive started on February 7, and the administration of the second dose started on April 8. Vaccination is going on from 8:30am to 2:30pm every day, except on Friday.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  However, as many patients have been having difficulties in acquiring needed facilities, it was discovered that there were only 26 ICU beds in Rangpur division, which is home to a population of 15.79 million. Speaking in this regard, Dr SM Nurun Nabi, caretaker of the Rangpur Dedicated Corona Isolation Hospital, said there were 10 ICU beds at the hospital, of which nine were occupied by patients on Saturday.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Refugee: Trends in expenditure: As in many contexts, the poor consistently spend less on non food items. Expenditure trends over time portray a pattern of decreasing expenses on non food items for the Rohingya population  ( Figure 18 ) , revealing growing levels of poverty and vulnerability in the camps. Rohingya households' expenditure on food has largely remained constant over time, unsurprisingly so as the bulk of their food needs continue to be met by assistance. WFP has adjusted the food transfer value over time in response to food inflationary pressure, which has helped cushion aid dependent households against price spikes and maintain a relatively stable level of consumption.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ]  Both refugee and host: In Rohingya communities, two thirds of households reported food expenditures of more than 75 percent of total expenditure. In host communities, the majority  ( 40 percent )  reported spending 65–75 percent of their total budget on food, which was also concerning. Only 8 percent of host community households and 1 percent of camp residents reported food expenditure of less than 50 percent.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Dietary diversity: Household dietary diversity scores among Rohingya remain similar to 2019 levels  ( nonregistered: 5.1; registered: 5.3 )  but decreased in the host community from 5.4 to 5.1. Consumption frequency15 fell for both population groups, especially for pulses, sugar and vegetables. Animal protein consumption also decreased in the host community, which experienced a greater drop in consumption frequency compared to the Rohingya population. Despite changes, the dietary patterns exhibited by Rohingya and Bangladeshi households were like 2019 findings, with higher consumption frequency ofpulses among Rohingya households and more frequent consumption of vegetables, animal protein  ( meat/fish/eggs ) , fruit and dairy products in the host community The source of animal protein also differs: among unregistered Rohingya it largely comes from eggs received as assistance, while for host community households and registered Rohingya, it is more diversified comprising mainly fish, eggs and meat. Dietary diversity shows significant negative correlation with the selling of assistance, the adoption of negative coping strategies and larger household sizes
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: WFP established farmers' markets and fresh food corners to increase the routine purchase and consumption of fresh foods including vegetables and fish. Spices are another important element, accounting for about 5 percent of the monthly budget for both Rohingya and host community households. Expenditure on dairy products was virtually nil.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ]  Refugee: Economic vulnerability: Economic vulnerability remains high in the camps despite the current levels of humanitarian assistance: 49 percent of Rohingya households still have consumption below the MEB  ( Figure 19 ) , a 3 percentage point increase from 2019. Unregistered Rohingya remain the most economically vulnerable population, likely due to their limited access to economic opportunities in the camps.
[ 23rd April 2021,Bangladesh ]  Bangladesh also logged a total of 739,703 coronavirus cases with 3,629people testing positive over the same period. The Directorate General of Health Services  ( DGHS )  revealed the latest figures on Covid 19 in the country with a press release on Friday. Of the 88 deceased – 62 men and 26 women – 53 were from Dhaka division; 18 from Chittagong; five from Mymensingh, and three each from Rajshahi, Khulna, Sylhet and Rangpur divisions.
[ 22nd April 2021, Bangladesh ]  The health authorities said 7,266 people recovered from the disease over the preceding 24 hours. So far, 642,449 patients – 87.28% – have made full recovery across the country.As many as 27,429 samples, including the pending ones, were tested in the 349 authorized labs    government and private    across the country. The latest figures show an infection rate of 14.63%. The overall infection rate of the country stands at 13.95%.
[ 15th April 2021,Bangladesh ]  Although the streets in Dhaka city had taken a deserted look on the first day of the nationwide fresh eight day lockdown on Wednesday, the movement of people, private vehicles, and rickshaws increased on its second day on Thursday. Shops and shopping malls remained closed as the government has enforced a stricter lockdown to stem the spread of Covid 19 cases.
[ 23rd April 2021,Bangladesh ]  The daily Covid 19 death tally in Bangladesh has dropped below 90 after 10 days, since 69 deaths were recorded on April 13. In the 24 hours to Friday morning, the country registered 88 deaths from Covid 19. With the latest development, the total number of deaths reached 10,869 in the country.
[ 23rd April 2021,Bangladesh ]  Of them, 53 patients died in government hospitals, 34 in private hospitals, and one at home. Sixty of the deceased patients were aged above 60, 15 between 51 and 60, six between 41 and 50, six between 31 and 40 and one aged below 10. So far, 8,010 men  ( 73.70% )  and 2,859 women  ( 26.30% )  have died from Covid 19 across the country.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ]  Bothe refugee and host: When the value of assistance is discounted, economic vulnerability increases significantly, resulting in 96 percent of Rohingya households consuming below the MEB  ( Figure 19 ) . The fragility of the camp economy cannot be overstated: aid is the pillar of this economy; without it, almost all households would not be able to meet their basic consumption needs. Increased economic vulnerability was also evident in the host community, where 33 percent of households had consumption below the MEB compared to 26 percent in 2019.
[ 15th April 2021,Bangladesh ]  Asaduzzaman, a traffic inspector in the Mohakhali area, said: “We don't allow anyone to move without valid any reason. Those who are failing to show any valid reason are either sued or fined. However, we didn't put any pressure on anyone on humanitarian grounds.' However, kitchen markets were found violating the government directives as they are not seen running their business in open spaces. Besides, some were seen ignoring health guidelines.
[ 5th   11th April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Total 457  ( out of 465 )  confirmed cases were investigated by Rapid Investigation and Response Team  ( RIRT ) . Contact tracing has been done accordingly by CT supervisors with 1806 contacts registered in Go. Data. Out of those, 1,474  ( 82% )  contacts have been completed the follow up.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Main income generating activities in host communities and camps: Sixty two percent of income sources in camps are related to work based activities, mainly informal daily wage labour  ( accounting for 50 percent ) , petty trade and street vending  ( 10 percent ) , and a negligible 2 percent from agriculture  ( Figure 23: Sources of household income in Rohingya and host communities ) . One third of income sources in camps are derived from the adoption of negative coping mechanisms. There is very little diversification in the camp economy. In contrast, 88 percent of income sources in host communities are generated from work based activities. Similar to camps, wage employment accounts for half of the sources but income from farming, livestock rearing, fishing and trade also features prominently in the local host economy. Only 12 percent of host community income sources are derived from non workbased sources, mostly from remittances  ( 4 percent )  and cash based assistance from the government or nongovernmental organizations  ( 3 percent ) .
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ]  Refugee: Majority of refugee households  ( 60 percent )  reported that their rations would last between 21 – 27 days with the distribution skewed towards the upper end of the spectrum  ( Figure 41 ) . About 37 percent of households had food rations lasting through the next distribution cycle  ( + 28 days ) . The main reasons advanced for rations not lasting through the next distribution were ration not being enough, reported by 79 percent of households: a 15 percent point increase from 2019  ( Figure 42 ) . Unsurprisingly so, with households required to redeem all entitlements at one go, as was the case during COVID 19 periods, lack of their proper planning of consumption patterns could have contributed to rations not lasting. Focus group discussions revealed uneven food utilization patterns: higher tendency to prepare more food quantities in the early days after ration redemption with rationing kicking in as stock levels diminish towards the later parts of the month  ( depending on cycle of distribution ) .
[ 26th May 2021, Bangladesh ]  At least two deaths were reported Wednesday as Cyclone Yaas triggered storms and floods in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Dozens of houses have been damaged and low lying areas inundated, cutting off road communication in some areas.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Refugee: The local economy within the Rohingya camps continues to provide very limited avenues for income generation through work; the few jobs available are largely derived from the humanitarian response. In the context of the pandemic lockdowns, the stability and/or formality of income sources may prove to be an even more important driver of household resilience.28
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Host: The increase may have been driven by temporary employment or income losses experienced during the lockdown, the effects of which continue to be felt during the economic recovery phase. In addition to reduced incomes in the host communities, increased prices have diminished household purchasing power and ability to afford the MEB. By October 2020, average price of rice coarse was 52 percent higher than previous year, price of vegetable oil was 32 percent higher and lentils masur price was about 22 percent higher than same month in 2019. This is likely to heighten food insecurity in the host community and in the absence of universal food assistance such as that provided in the camps, it may translate into negative coping mechanisms that push more people into the poverty trap. Livelihood programmes therefore remain an important support for the host population, preventing them from becoming more vulnerable especially in the wake of the pandemic induced disruption to the local economy
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Refugee: Sectoral disaggregation within the Rohingya population  ( Figure 21 )  highlights important distinctions in skill levels between the registered and unregistered population: the high skew towards construction and other unskilled labour was largely driven by the unregistered population. The registered Rohingya demonstrated relatively more balanced engagement in a diverse range of industries, with notably high involvement in administrative and support services as salaried jobholders.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Labour force participation in camps increased in 2020, driven by new entrants and significantly higher unemployment. While labour force participation in the Rohingya and host communities is comparable, employment rates are generally different: 42 percent of the working age labour force in the Rohingya community were not working at the time of survey, compared to 14 percent in the host community. Labour force participation has increased from 2019 levels for Rohingya30 and has remained stable for the host community.31 However, the rise in Rohingya labour force participation has been driven by increasing unemployment; unemployment has risen by 5–6 percent for both communities.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Large gender gaps persist in labour force participation in both communities: seventy percent of Rohingya men participate in the labour force compared with just 10 percent of Rohingya women; host communities show similar trends. Female labour force participation in camps remained comparable to 2019 levels  ( about 10 percent )  though female unemployment rates tripled  ( from 22 percent to 59 percent )  since 2019. Meanwhile, the employment and unemployment rates of men have remained unchanged. This indicates that there are more women in the current camp economy who are looking for work but remain unemployed.
[ March 2021, Bangladesh ] Women headed households, people with disabilities and those living in precarious dwellings are particularly vulnerable and often don't have the means to build up a buffer to absorb a shock like this. Without proper support, these groups can quickly see an extreme weather event become a livelihood crisis that can threaten their very existence.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Determinants of female labour force participation include woman's age, education level and marital status, gender of household head and having children under 5 years old  ( Table 8 ) . Women in their 20s are likely to participate in the labour force in both communities, as well as women in their 40s in host communities, and in their 50s in the camps. Rohingya women with secondary education attainment  ( partial or completed )  were more likely to participate in the labour force. In host community women with post secondary education had higher odds of participating in the labour force, plausibly due to more opportunities for those with better education. Marriage was found to be a negative driver in female labour force participation in both communities.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Rohingya households reported earning an average BDT 3,404 per month  ( Figure 24 ) . Within camps, registered Rohingya reported receiving twice as much income at BDT 6,959 per month. Host community households reported average household income at BDT 13,661 per month, more than three times higher than the average Rohingya household. Based on wage structure and the regularity or stability of activities, primary income generating activities have been grouped into three categories: daily wage labour, monthly salaried work and self employed trade or services. Daily wage labourers, an irregular income activity, was the most common activity among Rohingya households, particularly among unregistered Rohingya
[ 20th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  According to the study, 82.5% of the vaccinated yet infected patients did not have to go to hospital for treatment. Although 17.5% of them were admitted to the hospital, no serious health risk was observed among them. More than 88% of 200 infected people did not have respiratory problems and 92% of the patients did not need oxygen. The study showed that most of the vaccinated people became infected on average 32 days after vaccination and their average body temperature was 101 degrees.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  And with the remaining 16 ICU beds at the Covid 19 dedicated hospital in Dinajpur, it was not possible to provide necessary emergency medical services, said an official of the health department. The Rangpur Medical College Principal, Professor Dr AKM Nurunnobi Lyzu, said there were only two PCR testing facilities one in Rangpur and the other in Dinajpur for all the samples collected from eight districts under the Rangpur division. “However, the PCR labs, each having a maximum daily capacity of testing 188 samples, are proving insufficient in testing the rising number of samples that are collected every day.'
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ]  Both refugee and host: Daily labour wage rates for Rohingya were relatively lower than host community one, while monthly earnings across all categories were significantly lower in the camp economy due to the lower number of days worked  ( Table 9 ) . There was a significant correlation between the stability of main income generating activity and total household income levels for both populations. This correlation was stronger for Rohingya households, probably because irregular work – mostly daily wage labour – generated fewer days of work per month in camps than in the host community.
[ 8 August 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  In camps, refugees continue to face unfavorable conditions in terms of access to markets, due to the lockdown, restriction of movement outside the camps and dismantlement of informal markets within the camp area
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Livelihoods and vulnerability levels: Overall household vulnerability is significantly correlated with household income levels and nature of main income generating activities  ( for those that had one ) . Average household income is lowest among the highly vulnerable households and highest among those less vulnerable  ( Figure 26 ) . In each vulnerable category, average income is significantly higher in host communities than in camps. High vulnerability is also associated with a higher share of daily labour in the Rohingya and host economies. Households classified as less vulnerable are associated with a high proportion of monthly salaried jobs in the Rohingya community  ( 53 percent )  and with self employed work in the host community.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Impacts of COVID 19 lockdowns on Rohingya and host community livelihoods: Bangladesh began to experience the effects of the pandemic in February and went into a countrywide lockdown from 26 March to 31 May. Figure 28 demonstrates the shrinkage of economic activity in the host community and camp economies due to the mobility and business restrictions imposed to control the spread of COVID 19. The drops in activity levels began in February and peaked between April to July; a return towards pre February levels began in August. 32
[ 21 May, 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugee: Amid a huge surge in Covid 19 cases in the region, a 10 day complete lockdown has been imposed in Teknaf upazila while week long similar restrictions have been announced in five Rohingya camps of Ukhiya Teknaf. Cox's Bazar District Corona Prevention Committee has decided to impose the lockdown from May 21 to 30 in the wake of a rise in the number of infections in the region," Md Parvez Chowdhury, Upazila Nirbahi Officer of Teknaf, said on Friday.
[ 27th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Both Host and Refugees: The HH survey showed that 3% of refugee women in comparison to 42% of refugee men, and 7% of host community women compared to 35% of host community men had control over decision making on household expenditure.
[ 18th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees:  In phone interviews, both men and women said it had become harder for them to visit hospitals during the pandemic. Due to Covid 19, home visits from health service providers have decreased, adding to their perception that they are not getting the medical care they need.
As of 11 July 2021, 63.6% of reported cases were from Dhaka division  ( 54.3% at Dhaka city ) , Chattogram – 13.0%, Khulna – 7.0%, Rajshahi – 6.5%, Rangpur – 3.2%, Sylhet – 2.8%, Barishal – 2.2% and the lowest 1.7% from Mymensingh division. While 49.4% of the reported death were from Dhaka division  ( 34.9% at Dhaka city ) , Chattogram – 18.3%, Khulna – 11.3%, Rajshahi – 7.6%, Rangpur – 4.6%, Sylhet – 3.5%, Barishal – 3.0%, and the lowest 2.3% from Mymensingh division.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: The trends observed are in line with the findings of previous studies that show drops in the main economic activities during and after the lockdowns with informal daily wage labourers effectively losing almost all income during the peak of the lockdown. The recovery in activity levels is only representative of the efforts of the local economy in trying to restart operations. It does not reflect the impacts that households faced during and after the lockdowns due to the observed contractions.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  Since the beginning, a total of 1,21,372 collected samples were tested in the division till Sunday, and of them, 17,367 were found Covid 19 positive with an average infection rate of 14.31%. Meanwhile, the number of fatalities rose to 329 with one more death reported from Rangpur on Sunday. The district wise breakdown of total fatalities now stands at 77 in Rangpur, 116 in Dinajpur, 34 in Thakurgaon, 33 in Nilphamari, 17 in Kurigram, 20 in Panchagarh, 21 in Gaibandha and 11 in Lalmonirhat.
[ 21st April 2021, Bangladesh ]  The health authorities in Bangladesh have administered 7,577,889 Covid 19 vaccine doses so far since the start of the inoculation campaign. Till Wednesday, 5,761,902 people had received their first dose of the vaccine, while 1,815,987 people had received their second dose, reports Bangla Tribune.
[ 19th April 2021, Bangladesh ]  “At this time, it is crucial that everyone follow the mandated health directives and maintain social distancing to reduce the need for hospital treatment.' Speaking about the overall situation, Rangpur Divisional Director  ( Health )  Dr Ahad Ali said an acute shortage of ICU beds was currently being observed across the districts as the number of patients getting admitted to hospitals with Covid 19 infection was increasing.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: It is important to consider the pre existing fragilities of the work available in these sectors in order to estimate the potential impact. For example, a 55 percent drop in income for households earning from unskilled construction work is more severe than a 48 percent drop in income for transport workers, who are among the highest earning workers in the economy.
[ 22 April 2021, Bangladesh ]  Lockdown extension: A rise in infection prompted the government to go for lockdown from early April but the weeklong lockdown turned out to be lax. From April 11, the government imposed a ‘strict lockdown' and extended it to April 28.  [ 22 April 2021, Bangladesh ]  It seems to be working. The number of new cases has come down significantly from over 7,000 to 4,000.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Local sectoral impacts: activity and average income levels: Sectoral impacts were estimated based on the share of households in those sectors who faced periods of inactivity  ( for the main income generating activities )  and the subsequent losses in household incomes. Transportation and construction suffered the worst impacts of the 2020 lockdowns in terms of activity levels and lost household income. Administrative and support services, comprised of jobholders with formal monthly salaries, were largely unaffected, together with workers in the education sector  ( teachers and teaching assistants ) , who have been protected despite school closures being one of the most sustained impacts of the lockdown.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Refugee: Most of those able to retain certain activity levels during the lockdown inside camps were self employed traders and service workers such as street hawkers and small tea shop or grocery owners. However, WFP's monthly market monitor conducted during this period highlighted large drops in earnings for traders and business owners due to the dual impact of reduced business hours and decreased consumer purchasing power caused by the economic contraction. These findings underscore the fragility of livelihood activities in the camps, which indicates a need to think more broadly about ways to strengthen livelihood resilience in these settings.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Asset ownership: Asset ownership data was collected under three broad categories for REVA 4: productive agricultural assets, productive non agricultural assets and non productive/household assets  ( see details in Annex ) . Asset ownership for Rohingya and host community households has remained unchanged since 2019, with no notable cases of depletion or accumulation  ( Figure 30 ) . Patterns in productive asset ownership among the host community reflect an agriculture dependent economy in Ukhiya –Teknaf. However, the low ownership of advanced agricultural assets such as irrigation pumps and fishing boats is a cause for concern. 37
[ 27 April, 2021, Cox's Bazar Bangladesh ] Factors need to be consider for plantation ❖ Soil burning status ❖ Vegetation status ❖ Slope condition/chanced of erosion ❖ Presence of seeds in the soil ❖ Soil nutrient status ❖ Water availability ❖ Presence of plastic and heavy metals in the soil ❖ Maintenance requirement level
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ] Both refugee and host: Asset ownership correlates significantly with better food consumption and the non adoption of negative coping strategies. Household income levels and the stability of the main income generating activity correlate with the number of assets owned by Rohingya and host community households, although the correlation is weaker for the former. Asset ownership in camps mainly results from basic needs provision and self reliance interventions targeted towards the most vulnerable; this means that there is no direct relation between asset affordability and ownership in camps
[ 6th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Exacerbated needs, coupled with reduced access to self reliance activities, cash and other forms of assistance led to an erosion of coping capacities. As households were not able anymore to rely on previously common coping strategies, such as borrowing money, selling assistance and buying items on credit due to a lack of cash and assistance in camps, an increasing proportion of households adopted crisis level coping strategies, while simultaneously reducing assets and savings.
[ April 2021, Bangladesh, cox's Bazar ]  Both refugee and host: Education: Ninety three percent of Rohingya household heads and 98 percent of host community household heads have not completed secondary education. Across the two populations, no female household heads were found with an educational level higher than high school. Whilst 24 percent of Rohingya male household heads have an educational qualification above secondary level, the same is true for only 6 percent of host community male household heads. There are clear gender differences with regard to educational attainment, possibly due to social discrimination towards girls' education coupled with other sociocultural beliefs and practices.
[  7th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  Due to the earthquake, several rooms of Raja GC School's science building developed cracks. Headmaster of the school Abdul Mumin confirmed the matter, and added that the building also tilted.
[ 23rd March 2021, Bangladesh ]  The mortality rate against the total number of cases detected so far stands at 1.51%. The health authorities said 1,835 people recovered from the disease over the preceding 24 hours. So far, 525,994 patients – 91.12% – have made full recovery across the country. The overall infection rate of the country stands at 12.94%. Currently, 10,226 people are in isolation and 33,692 are quarantined.
[  7th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  On May 29, the first tremor of magnitude 3 on the Richter scale was felt at 10:36am, followed by the aftershocks of 4.1 magnitude at 10:50am, 2.8 magnitude at 11:30am, and 4 magnitude at 1:58pm. Two buildings tilted in Sylhet city but no casualties were reported.
[ 22 April 2021, Bangladesh ]  Vaccine drive: A countrywide inoculation drive was launched on February 7. So far, 57,29,147 people have received the first dose and 15,07,287 have got their second jab, according to official figures.
[  7th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  The next day another tremor of magnitude 2.8 shook the city. The back to back earthquakes have spread panic among locals, who are worried about a potential major quake. Many people living in high rise buildings have left the city for their village homes.
[  7th June 2021, Bangladesh ]  Two students of Quantum Cosmo School and College in Lama of Bandarban drowned while playing in front of the school on Monday. Meanwhile, two siblings in the Faokal Purbapara area of Gazipur drowned in a pond on Monday afternoon.
[ 25th April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  They all emphasised the critical need for shelter and said materials in sufficient quantities are needed to rebuild their houses, such as bamboo, tarpaulins, polythene, ropes, hammers, saws and other related items. They said they need safe, well built places to stay. As Ramadan is around the corner they are worried about not being able to pray and fast properly as they do not have homes.
[ 25th April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Participants said many people are suffering from injuries from the fire, and many have died. They also said people who are more vulnerable in the community, such as children, pregnant mothers, elderly people and people with disabilities do not have safe shelter and are not receiving nutritious food. Female participants said they think many children were affected, more young boys than girls. One participant said she heard a boy died after being stuck in a sewage tank during the fire. Another female participant said that due to living in their current condition children are becoming sick and may catch pneumonia.
In the epi week 27, all divisions experienced an increment of weekly new cases; the highest increase observed in the Barishal division, 114.5%  ( 3 472 this week and 1 619 in the week before ) , followed by the Chattogram division 77.0%  ( 11 533 and 6 517 respectively ) , Sylhet division 67.8%  ( 2 829 and 1 686 respectively ) , Mymensingh division 44.2%  ( 2 778 and 1 927 respectively ) , Khulna division 30.8%  ( 10 986 and 8 397 respectively ) , Dhaka division 25.1%  ( 32 794 and 26 214 respectively ) , Rangpur division 19.8%  ( 4 468 and 3 728 respectively )  and Rajshahi division 15.4%  ( 7 412 and 6 423 respectively ) . The Dhaka division reported the highest number of new cases  ( 32 794 ) , 76 new cases per 100 000/week with an increase of 25.1% of weekly cases; and the Mymensingh division reported the lowest number  ( 2 778 )  of new cases, 21 new cases per 100 000/week. Out of the 1 021 189 COVID 19 cases registered as of 11 July 2021, 85.6%  ( 874 501 )  recovered, 12.8%  ( 130 269 )  were active cases, and the remaining died  ( previously mentioned as CFR ) . In epidemiological week 27, the average number of COVID 19 weekly active cases increased by 35.6% compared to the week before  ( 116 148 and 85 659 respectively ) ; during the same time, weekly recovery increased by 36.3%  ( 40 604 in the current week and 29 794 in the week before ) .
[ 25th April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Last month's devastating fires in the Cox's Bazar camps caused widespread destruction, destroying the homes and impacting the lives of tens of thousands of Rohingya refugees. All the respondents are still living in the wreckage of their burnt out homes, using tarpaulins supported by bamboo for shelter.
[ 21 ,May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Quality of services: In addition to access related issues, during FGDs, issues of quality were raised, most commonly related to health services. • Across the majority of FGDs  ( 13 out of 20 ) , a need for better access to treatment of disability related health conditions was identified. • There seemed to be a perception that the forms of health treatment needed were unavailable and/or of low quality in camps, and that sometimes inadequate treatment was received.
[ 29th March   4th April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: 7 new COVID 19 cases were reported from 29 March   04 April 2021.   Currently, 67 Rohingya refugees are in home quarantine in the camps and 23 in facility quarantine as of 04 April 2021.
[ 13th April 2021 Cox's Bazar ]  COVID 19 updates: Increase in COVID 19 cases   473 cases confirmed in Cox's Bazar district from 5 11 April
[ 13th April 2021 Cox's Bazar ]  Stricter lockdown from 14 – 21 April – Here GoB and RRRC instructions.