nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
[ 16th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The primary constraints for market access were lack of money  ( 12 percent )  and insecurity  ( 16 percent ) . Moreover, 1.1 percent of households reported market location was far and 4.4 percent reported that market were closed in the LGAs assessed. Specifically for access to major cereals, the main sources reported were own harvest  ( 21 percent ) , labour exchange for food  ( 14 percent ) , fishing and hunting  ( 13 percent ) , gathering and wild food foraging  ( 12 percent )  and begging  ( 9 percent ) . The pervasive use of extreme coping measures such as wild food foraging and begging remains concerning as this accounts for the source of cereals for about one in every five households  ( almost 20 percent ) .
[ 16th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Household Hunger Scale  ( HHS ) : Findings from the HHS, which is a perception based measure of food deprivation and experience of hunger in the surveyed households, showed that the majority of households  ( 67 percent )  experienced crisis or higher levels  ( CH Phase 3 and above )  of food deprivation and hunger according to the CH analysis guidelines. Specifically, 9.2 percent and 8.6 percent of households reported emergency and catastrophe/famine levels of HHS respectively, equating to almost one in every five households in inaccessible areas. Based on the metrics presented, HHS for inaccessible areas of BAY States was classified as CH Phase 3  ( crisis ) , albeit areas such as Bama  ( 25 percent ) , Dikwa  ( 27 percent )  and Mafa  ( 25 percent )  were classified in CH Phase 5  ( catastrophe/famine )  because more than 20 percent of the surveyed households fell within the catastrophe/famine category. This suggests worrisome HHS trends and significant food deprivation and widespread hunger especially in the highlighted LGAs in the catastrophe/famine CH phase classification.
[ 16th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Despite the majority having access to farmland  ( 73 percent ) , the average size of the farmland reportedly available was predominantly less than one hectare. Moreover, more than 60 percent households did not have any food stocks left in their households before fleeing their homes, while those that were left behind are projected to cultivate  ( 53 percent )  crops during this year's wet season, with the majority anticipated to harvest maize  ( 49 percent ) , cowpea  ( 49 percent ) , millet  ( 38 percent )  and groundnuts  ( 36 percent ) . Consequent to the ongoing and protracted shocks, food security and nutrition outcomes have continued to deteriorate.
[ 16th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Markets were either completely non functional or functioning at sub optimal levels in inaccessible areas as 60 percent of the respondents indicated that markets were not functioning in their places of origin before their departure. A higher proportion of households reported that markets were non functional in their places of origin, most notably Magali  ( 90 percent ) , Askira Uba  ( 86 percent ) , Bama  ( 85 percent ) , Gwoza  ( 81 percent )  and Kukawa  ( 68 percent ) . However, even in the few areas with functioning markets, over 80 percent of the households reported a time could not access the market in the last 3 months before they left their place of origin.
[ 16th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Health and WASH: The assessment of inaccessible areas collected data bordering on water, sanitation, hygiene and health services in the inaccessible areas from where the new arrivals left. About 35 percent of the interviewed individuals across the inaccessible LGAs accessed water from unsafe sources  ( surface water {river, dam, pond, etc}, rain water, unprotected spring and tanker truck ) . The highest preponderance of surface water sources was reported for Gwoza  ( 73 percent ) , Askira Uba  ( 57 percent )  and Chibok  ( 43 percent )  LGAs of Borno State. About 34 percent of the respondent new arrivals said it takes between 30mins and 1 hours to source water while 18 percent spent more than 1 hour to access water. Highest proportions of new arrivals in Monguno  ( 67 percent )  and Ngala  ( 50 percent )  spent between 1 and 3 hours to access water. The new arrivals largely do not have access to improved toilet facilities as over 95 percent of them use either ordinary pit latrine, open field or dig hole and bury their faeces. However, ordinary pit latrine is the most common toilet facility reported by the new arrivals across the LGAs, closely followed by the use of bush/open field
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Prices of staple foods remain atypically high and above the five year average as poor macroeconomic conditions. Furthermore, markets in Dikwa and Marte rely on Maiduguri for supplies, and transportation between Dikwa and Marte requires military escort following a deteriorating level of insecurity with a substantial effect on the cost of transportation, particularly to Marte town, further increasing food prices. Similarly, as the lean season progresses, household and market stocks are depleted, increasing reliance and market demand and contributing to the rising food prices. Poorer households with low access to cash income continue to face difficulty accessing staple food throughout the outlook period.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Income earning opportunities and wages are below average for most poor households across the country and even more restricted in conflict prone areas. This is due to the poor macroeconomic conditions and the high levels of conflict across the country, resulting in stiff competition for labor in most areas. The high competition for labor income has also resulted in lower than typical wage rates due to the high labor supply in many areas. Furthermore, income from agricultural labor is lower than usual, with most poor households engaged in labor work to earn some income. Income from agricultural labor in conflictaffected areas, notably the Northeast, is minimal.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Despite the gains in the macroeconomy in recent months, as they are not primarily driven by improvements in the oil sector, external reserves continue to decline. In the first quarter of 2021, daily oil production was on average 1.72 million barrels per day, slightly lower than at the same time last year; however, higher than Quarter four of 2020. Crude oil prices are gradually increasing as the global economy rebounds, with June prices about 75 USD/barrel on the international market. The external reserves declined from $34.23 billion as of May 31 to $33.85 billion on June 15 as daily oil production remains low and does not offset the increases observed in crude oil prices.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Following the slow exit from the recession with recorded growth from the non oil sector, macroeconomic conditions are expected to improve in late 2021; however, they are expected to remain generally poor. The annual inflation rate is expected to remain in the double digits with continued inflationary pressure and as foreign exchange challenges are expected to persist. The World Bank indicates that the GDP growth in Nigeria is expected to resume at 1.8 percent in 2021 and edge up to 2.1 percent next year, assuming higher oil prices, structural oil sector reforms, and market based flexible exchange rate management.
[ 6th July 2021, Nigeria ]  First Reserve Allocation: Strengthening health services in response to Covid 19: The surge in Covid 19 cases combined with the ongoing conflict in the north east of the country significantly affected the already weak health system. The NHF released $1.1 million in May 2020 to bolster health services through procurement of personal protective equipment  ( PPE )  for frontline health workers and essential supplies to prevent infection in the most affected states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe. This injection of funding came at a critical moment when inventories were depleted, increasing the risk of interruption of health services.
[ 7th June 2021, Nigeria ] Progress against polio in Nigeria was severely delayed and costly due to a boycott of the distribution of vaccine in five states of northern Nigeria, spurred by antivaccine activists from Kano State. The boycott apparently was orchestrated by rumours, encouraged by state government officials, that the vaccine was an American conspiracy to spread HIV and cause infertility in Muslim girls. Another factor that reinforced vaccine refusal in northern Nigeria was the strong rivalry between local politicians and leaders of the federal Government, with polio vaccinations being used as a bargaining chip for more federal resource allocation by the state governments.
[ 28th Jun  4th July 2021, Nigeria ]  It is important that any person with symptoms of COVID 19 such as fever, sudden loss of sense of taste or smell, visits a sample collection centre for testing. In public settings such as schools, the approved Antigen based Rapid Diagnostic Tests should be used for rapid detection. The Presidential Steering Committee on COVID 19, NCDC and partners have continued to work together in ensuring the implementation of the COVID 19 guidelines across the country to avert potential surge in cases. We encourage members of the public to take responsibility, to avoid a surge in cases in Nigeria. This is important to protect lives and livelihood.
[ 7th June 2021, Nigeria ] Interestingly, willingness to take the vaccine does not seem to be impacted by hearing or trusting Boko Haram's messages on the coronavirus. As Figure 7 shows, of all who heard the messages, 81 per cent said they were willing to take the vaccine when it became available. Similarly, 82 per cent of those who trusted the messages planned to take the vaccine. Willingness to take the vaccine was nearly identical with those who had not heard or heard and trusted in Boko Haram's messages  ( 81 per cent ) . Notably, what appears to have a bigger impact on vaccine acceptance is age. Of the whole sample, compared to 77 per cent of adults, 71 per cent of child respondents expressed willingness to get the vaccine when it becomes available. Since those under 18 are too young to remember the polio campaign, there may be additional work that needs to be done to promote vaccine acceptance with younger cohorts.
[ 1st July 2021, Nigeria ] WHO also facilitated investigation of 1,590 rumours of Guinea worm disease within 24 hours as against 1083 in 2019  ( >25% increase ) ; established strong border surveillance for Guinea Worm Disease in 8 LGAs bordering Cameroun and Chad in North East. It also facilitated improved supply chain management for all PC/CM NTDs drugs, commodities and supply at international, national, sub national levels  ( 36 million tablets of Albendazole secured, 300 million tablets of Ivermectin, 11 million tablets of Mebendazole, 39 million tablets of Praziquantel secured for PC NTDs; 900 Blisters secured for leprosy drugs, 69,950 out of 122,000 FTS kits secured for FTS ) .
[ 1st July 2021, Nigeria ] At the National Level, while supporting the response, WCO continued to provide strategic directions to the Federal Ministry of Health  ( FMoH )  and its agencies,  ( NPHCDA, NHIS and NCDC )  and sub national levels to promote quality essential RMNCAH+ Nutrition services along the life course to ensure continuum of care. To understand the magnitude of the disruptions of RMNCAEH+ N services during the COVID 19 pandemic, both qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted. The WHO Pulse Survey in March/June 2020 revealed disruption in service provision as well as service utilization.
Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV : To respond to this, WHO working with UNICEF supported the National AIDS/STIs Control Programme of FMOH to developed strategies to optimize the uptake of PMTCT services in carefully selected 8 states with high burden of HIV  ( apart from the top 5 where intensive programming is going on ) . The strategies were developed through review of NAIIS and service data from the states with several engagements with partners, program managers from the selected states. This was carried out with UNICEF and it involved several levels of engagement and further iteration of the concept note into a full plan for implementation in the context of each state. The states have a total unmet need for PMTCT estimated at 8,837, about 17% of total unmet need for PMTCT.
[ 2nd July 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Recently, February  March there has been escalated insurgencies and attacks across the BAY states especially Borno and Yobe and some pockets of Yola that have resulted in population influx in Bama. Coupled with economic effects COVID 19 pandemic, the situation is bringing emerging protection concerns including food insecurity, inadequate access to water , schools and protection risks. As the activities of the armed opposition groups increase, it is recorded that 8.7million people are currently in need of humanitarian assistance in the BAY states; 1.92 million people remain internally displaced by the conflict, though this number tends to increase with the current activities of the Boko haram groups and the emergence of other armed opposition groups; 6.4 million are targeted for humanitarian assistance
[ 2nd July 2021, North East Nigeria ]  The key food security and livelihoods needs emerging from the field assessment include: ▪ The household's most urgent need is food items and clothes, water, construction of toilet, shelter, NFIs and Solar latrine. ▪ The average household size is 15  ( estimated male 40% and Female 60% ) . Majority of the surveyed participants's coping mechanism when there is no food in the family is doing petty jobs to sustain their lifestyle, selling household items to buy food for the family, begging for food and other essential needs particularly IDPs , camps and depending on relatives in the host community or borrowing food from neighbours. ▪ WFP was found to be providing food assistance to IDPs and returnees in the camp and the host communities.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Under the FCDO  ( HeRON )  grant, IRC distributed essential drugs to Konduga, Mafa, Monguno, Bama, MMC and Jere. In collaboration with the State Ministry of Health under malaria consortium, Malaria kits were distributed to MMC, Jere, Mafa and Konduga. Incentive as salary top ups were paid to MoH staff working in Hard to reach locations across the supported LGAs under the grant. Supportive supervision visits, review meeting and ward development committee meetings were conducted where action points to improve quality of care focusing on IPCs, Family planning, service delivery and utilization were documented and implemented. Quality of care Teams were set up across the different IRC supported sites to ensure programme quality at the sites.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] DRC distributed personal protective equipment  ( PPE )  and medical waste disposal materials to seventeen health facilities in Adamawa. These include Namtari PHCC, Yolde Pate PHCC, Bachure PHCC, Malkohi IDP camp PHCC, Malkohi Village PHCC, and Federal Medical center in Yola South LGA, Idi Atta PHCC  ( Bwaranji )  and Specialist Hospital in Yola North LGA, Nasarawo PHCC and Lamurde PHCC in Mubi South LGA, Lokuwa Maternity, Kolere PHCC, Sabon Layi PHCC, Wuro Gude PHCC, Vimtim PHCC, and Muva PHCC in Mubi North LGA, and Tsukumu PHCC in Michika LGA. The materials distributed include surgical masks, rubber boots, isolation gowns, disposable hand gloves, and face shields.
[ 11th June 2021, Yobe state ] Some households proceeded to neighboring states such as Borno, Bauchi Jigawa and Kano. Women, children and the elderly persons walked for long distances to safer transit sites in Mazugun in Geidam LGA, Bayomari in Bursari LGA and Yunusari town in Yunusari LGA where some transportation was provided by the state government and individual citizens to proceed to Gashua, Damaturu and Nguru. Almost all the IDPs left their homes without taking along any of their basic household belongings such as clothing, kitchen kits, and mattresses. Some households reported that they lost property and family members during the attack; women, girls, men and boys were reported missing.
[ 19th July 2021, Nigeria ] The NCDC data showed that a total of 164,710 patients have been discharged from hospitals across the nation after treatment. Meanwhile, the News Agency of Nigeria reported that the NCDC noted that there were, however, more than 2,800 cases that were still active in the country. The public health agency said the country had tested more than 2.4 million samples for the virus out of the country's estimated 200 million population. It added that a multi sectoral national Emergency Operations Centre  ( EOC ) , activated at Level II, would continue to coordinate the national response activities.
[ 5th   11th July 2021, Nigeria ]  RESPONSE: On 28th February 2020, a multi sectoral Emergency Operations Centre  ( EOC )  was activated at Level 3 which is the highest emergency level in Nigeria. This is led by NCDC in close coordination with the State Public Health EOCs  ( PHEOC )  and through the deployment of 53 Rapid Response Teams  ( RRT )  to states. Currently, response activities include: Ongoing support for testing of passengers at the ground crossing borders in Seme border, Lagos State and Idiroko border, Ogun State using Antigen based Rapid Diagnostic Test Kits  ( Ag RDT )  • Ongoing review of IPC COVID 19 guidelines on suspected and confirmed cases.Ongoing refresher workshop for IPC focal persons in health facilities • Ongoing online classes for IPC Intermediate diploma course for IPC professionals Conducted training for staff of port health services in Seme, Lagos State and Idiroko, Ogun State and deployed Ag RDT for COVID 19 testing at both land borders
[ 18th July 2021, Nigeria ] The disease centre said the new cases were recorded in six states of the federation and the federal capital territory  ( FCT ) . Lagos State, for the umpteenth time, recorded the largest share of Sunday's toll with 186 infections, amounting to 91 per cent. The trio of Edo, Oyo and Rivers States reported four new cases each while the FCT reported three and Kwara, two. Meanwhile, the NCDC data showed that a total of 164,699 patients have been discharged from hospitals across the nation after treatment. There are, however, more than 2,000 cases that are still active in the country.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ] The National Primary Health Care Development Agency  ( NPHCDA )  says it has officially ended the country's first phase of COVID 19 vaccination, adding that the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine is 88 per cent portent against the Delta variant detected in the country. The Executive Director of NPHCDA, Dr Faisal Shuaib, made this known at a news conference in Abuja on Tuesday. The News Agency Of Nigeria  ( NAN )  reports that Nigeria received the first consignment of about 3.92 million doses of the Oxford AstraZeneca COVID 19 vaccine on March 2, 2021 through the COVID 19 Vaccines Global Assess Facility  ( COVAX ) . COVAX is an initiative co led by the vaccine alliance, GAVI and the World Health Organisation  ( WHO )  to ensure equitable access to COVID 19 vaccines by dividing about two billion doses across 92 low and middle income countries.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The Federal Government yesterday disclosed that by the end of September, the country should have received a cumulative of 41,282,770 vaccines through the COVAX facility and the African Union Commission. It stated that 3,924,000 doses of Oxford/AstraZeneca are expected by end of this month or early next month from the COVAX facility; 3,930,910 doses of Pfizer Bio NTech COVID 19 vaccine expected next month from the COVAX facility donated by the United States Government; and 3,577,860 doses of Pfizer Bio NTech COVID 19 vaccine expected in the third quarter from the COVAX facility.
[ 14th July 2021, Nigeria ]  “In the course of this exercise, the country recorded 14,550 cases of mild/moderate Adverse Event Following Immunisation  ( AEFI ) , with only 148 cases considered to be severe. However, we did not record any case of death associated with COVID 19 vaccination. He added: “Researches have shown that the Delta variant has very minimal vaccine escape properties against the AstraZeneca vaccine. So, we are still in a good place in terms of effectiveness of the vaccine that will be used against the Delta variant. “Rumours that vaccines were withdrawn from states because they were expiring are not correct. There is no vaccine that has expired in Nigeria. We still have enough headroom before vaccines expire.
[ 27th July 2021, Nigeria ] Health Minister Osagie Ehanire told reporters that the single dose vaccine would be "advantageous" for Nigeria given its partly nomadic population and weak systems for keeping track of people and arranging for second doses. Ehanire said Nigeria was also expecting 4 million doses of the Moderna vaccine, 700,000 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine and an unspecified quantity of Pfizer and Sinopharm doses. He said all of those were expected in the third quarter. With an estimated 200 million citizens, Nigeria has so far vaccinated a tiny fraction of its population. The most recent data, in June, showed that 2 million people had received one dose and 700,000 had received two. In total, Nigeria has so far taken delivery of just under 4 million doses.
[  21st   27th Jun 2021, Nigeria ]  Ongoing prepositioning of PPE and commodities at the sub national level for labs, treatment centres, sample collection centres and other relevant facilities as preparedness for surge in cases • Ongoing distribution and logistics planning with UNICEF and GAVI to support primary health care facilities across the country with IPC supplies • Conducted workshop on integration of COVID 19 messaging with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Tuberculosis and Malaria  ( HTM )  infection with support from Global Fund • Concluded One Health Risk Communication training of public health professionals and the media • Ongoing media appearances on radio and television
[ 19th July 2021, Jigawa State, Nigeria ]  “Specifically in Hadejia LGA, the outbreak was due to open defecation from a nearby almajiri school that contaminated a water source,' he said. The state government has shut down the water source pending further investigation, the official said. He said rainfall washes faeces and other wastes into wells and water outlets that the residents use for domestic purposes. Mr Mu'azu said the state government has directed the release of free drugs to the victims for immediate medical attention. He said UNICEF and Doctors Without Borders have indicated readiness to partner with the state in mitigating the scourge from further spreading.
[ 19th July 2021, Jigawa State, Nigeria ]   Mr Obi explained that cholera “is an infection caused by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Risk factors are from poor sanitation, and contaminated drinking water. “The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea that lasts a few days. Vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. Symptoms range from none, to mild, to severe. “Diarrhea can be so severe that it leads within hours to severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and even death. Symptoms start two hours to five days after exposure.' “It is prevented by improvements in sanitation, use of clean water, hand washing and vaccines. Treatment involves replacement of lost body fluids orally or intravenously, zinc supplementation and antibiotics,' he said. Across Nigeria, between January and June 27, a total of 14,343 suspected cholera cases and 325 deaths, including 345 laboratory confirmed cases, were reported by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control.
[ 27th July 2021, Nigeria ] ABUJA, July 27  ( Reuters )    Nigeria expects to take delivery of 29 million doses of Johnson & Johnson COVID 19 vaccine in August, allowing it to ramp up its vaccination programme just as a third wave of infections takes hold, the health minister said. The government had announced in March it was hoping to secure 70 million doses of Johnson and Johnson vaccine this year through an African Union programme, with an initial batch of 30 million to be delivered in the third quarter.
[ 21st July 2021, Nigeria ]  As part of its contribution to curb the rising insurgency and general insecurity in the country, the House of Representatives has listed some far reaching measures for President Muhammadu Buhari to tackle the menace. The recommendations, 19 in all, were made by the Special Committee on National Security, which was constituted following a summit by the House on insecurity, in June. The House, among others, urged the President to consider the use of private defence contractors for targeted security operations, especially to combat insurgency and terrorism. It also recommended a special training for 40,000 mobile police officers to improve their capacity to combat insecurity. It enjoined the Federal Government to deploy early warning systems nationwide, including installation of CCTV cameras and other surveillance equipment along major highways, public places, and major cities and the borders.
[ 27th July 2021, Nigeria ] Health Minister Osagie Ehanire said COVID 19 infection numbers were rising due to the spread of the highly contagious Delta variant. He said 216 people had tested positive in the last 24 hours, most of them in Lagos in the southwest and in the southern state of Akwa Ibom. "It is worrisome that despite evidence of the emergence of a third wave of the COVID 19 pandemic, citizens continue to refuse adherence to public health advisories," he said, adding that many people returning from abroad were refusing to quarantine.
[ 29th July 2021, Nigeria ] Beyond the Classroom, a non  governmental organisation, in partnership with the Mastercard Foundation, has engaged 6,000 children in Nigeria on COVID 19 safety protocols. The community engagement was part of the Mastercard Foundation's COVID 19 public awareness campaign, aimed at delivering accurate, timely, and life saving information on COVID 19 across African countries and communities. The initiative was rolled out in 11 public and private schools in Lagos and Nassarawa states. Each child received a free COVID 19 safety pack, containing a book, “There is a new virus in town', written by Raquel Daniel, founder of Beyond the Classroom.
[ 22nd July 2021, Nigeria ]  The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  confirmed 184 COVID 19 cases across seven states and the federal capital territory  ( FCT )  on Thursday. The latest figure represents a 22.69 percent decline after a surge on Wednesday  ( 238 cases ) .
[ 22nd July 2021, Nigeria ]  Lagos recorded 124 positive samples   representing 67.39 percent of the total number reported on Thursday. Other states that reported cases include Rivers  ( 27 ) , Sokoto  ( 9 ) , FCT  ( 8 ) , Oyo  ( 6 ) , Ekiti  ( 5 ) , Delta  ( 4 ) , and Plateau  ( 1 ) . Also, 31 persons were discharged, while no death was recorded. Currently, Nigeria has 170,306 confirmed COVID 19 cases, 164,772 recoveries, and 2,130 deaths
[ 7th July 2021, Adamawa state ] Several villagers in the Dabna community in Hong local government in Adamawa State were murdered, many ruthlessly wounded during an early hour raid by the outlawed Boko Haram insurgents.Our correspondent also learnt that scores have fled their ancestral homes for safety. An eyewitness told The Guardian Newspaper that the outlaws bombarded the community at the wee hours of Wednesday.
[ 9th Aug 2021, Nigeria ]  09 August 2021 | Abuja – Cholera in Nigeria: Urgent call to strengthen Water, Sanitation and Hygiene  ( WaSH ) . The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  is leading the national response to an outbreak of cholera across states in Nigeria. This has been exacerbated by poor access to clean water, open defecation, poor sanitation, and hygiene.
[ 9th Aug 2021, Nigeria ]  Between the 1st of January and 1st of August 2021, 31,425 suspected cases of cholera, 311 confirmed cases and 816 deaths have been reported from 22 states and FCT. The affected states are Benue, Delta, Zamfara, Gombe, Bayelsa, Kogi, Sokoto, Bauchi, Kano, Kaduna, Plateau, Kebbi, Cross River, Niger, Nasarawa, Jigawa, Yobe, Kwara, Enugu, Adamawa, Katsina, Borno and FCT.
[ 6th July 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Impact of protection incidents on civilian populations: NSAG attacks have continued, targeting civilians during their daily activities, causing trepidation and presenting a challenge to durable solutions. The mounting of illegal vehicle checkpoints on the main supply routes, especially Maiduguri Damaturu, continues to cause delays in the movement of humanitarian aids such as food and NFIs. The destruction of humanitarian cargo such as the one on the Mungono Ngala MSR denies the affected population from accessing humanitarian aid in time, thereby increasing human suffering. Fire outbreak recorded in various camps in Mungono continues to defy all the measures put in place by the humanitarian actors, with each occurrence causing loss of food, NFIs and livestock.
[ 6th July 2021, North East Nigeria ]  In continuation with the COVID 19 risk mitigation measures and responses, protection partners have enhanced risk communication and community engagement  ( RCCE )  for the IDPs, while ensuring compliance with preventive measures advanced by the government and WHO. The implementation of preventive measures continued by humanitarian actors to curb the spread of COVID 19 amidst scepticism of its existence by IDPs, returnees and host community members. UNHCR, partners and other humanitarian actors continued to engage stakeholders on COVID19 RCCEs, including border monitoring, temperature screening and other preventive measures.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] GPON on the “Strengthening Resilience of Survivors of Sexual Assault and Other Conflict Affected People through MHPSS and Cholera Risk Communication in Kala Balge and Damboa Local Government Areas project through the NHF reached 80 male children and adolescent boys, 146 male adults, 132 female children and adolescent girls and 177 female adults with MHPSS services in Damboa LGAs. In KalaBalge, 47 male children and adolescent boys, 137 male adults, 85 female children and adolescent girls and 203 female adults were reached with MHPSS services by GOALPrime. Also, 430 solar powered transistor radios were distributed for Cholera risk communication in Damboa.
[ 11th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The Executive Director, National Primary Healthcare Development Agency, Dr Faisal Shuaib disclosed that reactions to the vaccines in Nigeria have been within the normal range, with 125 severe AEFI cases and 13 663 mild to moderate cases reported. “These are reactions from normal vaccination and people who experienced any of these have recovered fully and are doing well. More pleasing to mention is that with over three million people vaccinated, Nigeria has not recorded any death case linked with Adverse Event Following Immunization,' said Shuaib who encouraged citizens to download the MED SAFETY App and report vaccine side effects for prompt response.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ] The executive director noted that the country had officially ended the first phase of its strategic COVID 19 vaccination plan and was now preparing to commence the second phase in the next few weeks. He added that “we have also received communication for the delivery of the following vaccine shipments in the coming months. “They are: 3,924,000 doses of Oxford/AstraZeneca by end of July or early August 2021 from the COVAX facility, 3,930,910 doses of Pfizer Bio N Tech COVID 19 vaccine in August from the COVAX facility donated by the U.S Government. “There will also be 3,577,860 doses of Pfizer Bio N Tech COVID 19 vaccine in Q3 from the COVAX facility, 29,850,000 doses of Johnson & Johnson  ( Jassen )  COVID 19 vaccine by the end of September, that will arrive in batches from the African Union Commission.'
[ 6th July 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Access to livelihood remains limited, due to insufficient response humanitarian organisations providing such opportunity in the deep field. Most of the people with specific needs remain vulnerable and cannot take care of themselves. The persisting gap for the elderly remain the absence of specialised geriatric institutions in the deep field locations. In the absence of the government institutions, protection actors continue to rely on pre existing family and community safety nets and the community based protection structures to deliver various responses to the needs of the elderly such as home visits and referrals for services.
[ 9th Aug 2021, Nigeria ]  But none of these medical interventions will solve the underlying issues leading to cholera outbreaks. Cholera is a waterborne disease, and the risk of transmission is higher when there is poor sanitation and disruption of clean water supply. The wrong disposal of refuse and practices such as open defecation endanger the safety of water used for drinking and personal use. These lead to the spread of water borne diseases such as cholera. Without proper water, sanitation, and hygiene  ( WaSH ) , Nigeria remains at risk of cholera cases and deaths.
[ 14th July 2021, Nigeria ] “The effect of COVID 19 on the economy is humongous. It is not surprising therefore that the GDP fell by 23 per cent, while household incomes fell by 60 per cent. The fall in GDP was largely due to the fact that the four states put under lockdown account for two thirds of the economy.“This development was a nightmare for the Nigerian economy, considering that oil accounts for 80 per cent of government revenues.' Aregbesola revealed that the World Bank gave a pathetic account that private remittances of Nigerians in the Diaspora declined by between 80 and 90 per cent in the first quarter and 25 per cent in the whole of 2020.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ] The facility promises access to vaccines for up to 20 per cent of participating countries' population with an initial supply beginning in the first quarter of the year to immunise three per cent of their populations. Meanwhile, the NPHCDA boss said Nigeria had successfully vaccinated 3,938,945 eligible people across the 36 states of the federation and the FCT, representing 98 per cent utilisation of the 4,024,000 doses of the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine. Shuaib said “this comprises 2,534,205 people who have been vaccinated for first dose, and 1,404,205 who received the second dose of the vaccine.
[ 11th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Passengers flying into Nigeria must take a COVID 19 PCR test three days before boarding. Trials of longer duration are invalid, and such a passenger cannot board a Nigeria bound flight. “Rapid antigen or antibody test is not acceptable; only PCR test can be used for this purpose. Test validity commences from the time of sample collection,' the revised guideline states. “For passengers with multiple connections before arrival in Nigeria, the PCR test must be valid within 72 hours of boarding from the first point of departure. Passengers must bring along an electronic or hard copy of their COVID 19 PCR test for presentation at the departure airport and upon arrival in Nigeria,' the PSC also warned.
[ 10th July 2021, Nigeria ] Amidst a third wave of COVID 19 pandemic, Nigeria is scrambling to contain a cholera outbreak, an official has said. Chikwe Ihekweazu, the Director General of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  on Saturday, July 10, 2021, said the country reported 14,343 suspected cases of cholera between Jan. and June 27, 2021 in 15 states and the Federal Capital Territory  ( FCT ) , Abuja with 325 persons dying from it. The affected states are Benue, Delta, Zamfara, Gombe, Bayelsa, Kogi, Sokoto, Bauchi, Kano, Kaduna, Plateau, Kebbi, Cross River, Nasarawa, Niger, and the FCT. According to Ihekweazu, six states reported 1,786 suspected cases of cholera between June 20 and June 26, 2021 alone. The states include Bauchi  ( 1,239 cases ) , Kano  ( 362 cases ) , Niger  ( 62 cases ) , Zamfara  ( 55 cases ) , Kaduna  ( 59 cases )  and Plateau  ( 9 cases ) .
[ 5 – 11 July 2021, Yobe state ] The total number of confirmed COVID 19 cases is four hundred and ninety nine  ( 499 ) . Ninety four  ( 94 )  cases from Damaturu, seventy five  ( 75 )  cases from Nguru, fifty five  ( 55 )  cases from Fika, forty seven  ( 47 )  cases from Potiskum, thirty seven  ( 37 )  cases from Bade, thirty one  ( 31 )  cases from Nangere, twenty nine  ( 29 )  cases from Gulani, twenty two  ( 22 )  cases from Yusufari, twenty one  ( 21 )  cases from Gujba, nineteen  ( 19 )  cases from Jakusko, sixteen  ( 16 )  cases each from Karasuwa, fourteen  ( 14 )  cases from Tarmuwa, twelve  ( 12 )  cases from Fune, nine  ( 9 )  cases from Bursari, eight  ( 8 )  cases from Yunusari, and five  ( 5 )  cases each from Geidam, and Machina LGAs
[ 10th July 2021, Nigeria ] There are already fears that the sudden outbreak of cholera may complicate Nigeria's fight against the COVID 19 pandemic as cases which had slowed since December 2020 are now rising steeply. The number of confirmed COVID 19 cases rose from 40 on July 2 to 186 on July 9, 2021, raising the total number of cases in the country to 168,442 with 2,122 deaths and 164,423 recoveries. With the Delta variant recorded in Nigeria which the NCDC described as worrisome, there are fears that it could destabilise the overstretched health professionals and derail Nigeria's earlier success in tackling the virus.
[ 23rd July 2021, Nigeria ]  CUI Jianchun, Chinese ambassador to Nigeria, made the donation to Osagie Ehanire, minister of health, in Abuja on Friday. He added that China would support Nigeria in vaccine production in the long run. While responding, Ehanire, commended the Chinese government for the gesture, adding that the donation was timely. The minister said that Nigeria stopped vaccination on July 8 due to lack of vaccines but with the donation, vaccination of citizens would resume in earnest. Ehanire called for collaborations and exchange of information on ways to eliminate COVID 19.
[ 5 – 11 July 2021, Yobe state ] The total number of active confirmed cases in the state is one  ( 1 ) The total confirmed cases of COVID 19 amongst Health Care Workers  ( HCWs )  is nineteen  ( 19 ) . These include nine  ( 9 )  doctors, seven  ( 7 )  nurses, one  ( 1 )  physiotherapist, and two  ( 2 )  laboratory, scientists. The total number of deaths from COVID 19 in the state is nine  ( 9 )  .The total number of patients who recovered from COVID 19 is four hundred and eighty nine  ( 489 ) . The total number of contacts who completed 14 days of monitoring without symptoms is two thousand, one hundred and twenty six  ( 2,126 )
[ 27th July 2021, Nigeria ] The Washington based institution disclosed this on Tuesday in its World Economic Outlook  ( WEO )  for July 2021 titled, “Fault Lines Widen in the Global Recovery'. At its 2021 Virtual Spring Meetings in April, IMF had estimated that Nigeria's economy would grow by 2.5 percent in 2021 from the 1.5 announced in January. Last month, the World Bank raised Nigeria's economic growth forecast to 1.8 percent this year and 2.1 percent in 2022.
[ 12th July 2021, Borno state ] Health and nutrition partners have raised concerns over the increasing cases of malnutrition and diarrhea, especially in hard to reach and high risk locations which could deteriorate during the peak of the rainy season around August September. Locations such as Damboa, Ngala, Kala Balge, Dikwa and Mobbar have already reported between a 10 30 per cent surge in cases of diarrhea among children, according to a UNICEF surveillance report. Malnutrition cases among children is also on the rise, with Ngala, Bama, Kala Balge and Konduga LGAs reporting between a 3 to 5 per cent increase in cases of severe acute malnutrition  ( SAM ) . The Nutrition Sector has raised concerns about the drop in funding for remote case management/programming, which is critical especially in high risk/hard to reach areas.
[ 5 – 11 July 2021, Yobe state ] CHALLENGES: Stock out of reagent in the molecular laboratory interrupting COVID 19 testing within the state . Massive population displacement and attacks on hospitals and PHC centers by the Non state Armed Groups  ( NSAGs )  are disrupting COVID 19 response and health services in affected LGAs  ( Geidam, Yunusari, and Gujba LGAs ) . Insecurity and military operations are limiting contact tracing, active case search, and community sensitization in security compromised LGAs .Bad geographical is limiting access to remote communities to sustain COVID 19 prevention activities
[ 12th July 2021, Borno state ] Nearly 600 new arrivals in Bama LGA are facing shelter shortages at the Government Secondary School camp. Several weeks after their arrival, most of the IDPs are still staying in the camp reception center, which is now overcrowded and stretched beyond capacity. Recent flash flooding and windstorms also damaged several shelters within the camp, further worsening the general shelter situation. Most of the existing shelters will need replacement while rehabilitation work is required for communal buildings in the camp. Although some shelter rehabilitation works are ongoing, OCHA is following up for general scale up and completion before the rainy season enters its peak around August September.
[ 14th July 2021, Nigeria ]  The SBM Jollof Index shows food inflation trends using a common delicacy that most Nigerian households enjoy   Jollof Rice. Data on the most common ingredients used in making Jollof rice are collected from thirteen  ( 13 )  markets on a monthly basis across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones. However, December food prices are not collected because of the seasonal spikes caused by year end celebrations. From these prices, the cost of making a pot of Jollof rice for a family of five or six is averaged and used as a proxy to measure food inflation across the county.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] IRS and IEC/BCC in Jere Maiduguri LGAs: Since 27 May, a total of 330 IRS workers were trained on WHO procedures of IRS that included 30 IRS supervisors, 150 Spray Operators and 150 Mobilizers. The IRS workers were recruited from the same community.  IRS is completed successfully in a total of 12 IDP camps that included; El Maskin1 & 2, Madinatu, Madinatu extension, Kessa Kura, Shuwari 5, El Yakub, Basaki, Stadium, Teacher village, Doro and EYN Can Centre. While IRS is currently on going in the 2 IDP camps namely Dalta Standard and Farm Center. The same households also received malaria prevention and proper hygiene messages.
[ 9th Aug 2021, Nigeria ]  The National Cholera EOC has led the deployment of Rapid Response Teams to support the most affected states  – Benue, Kano, Kaduna, Zamfara, Bauchi and Plateau States. Additionally, NCDC and its partners have provided states with commodities for case management and laboratory diagnosis, materials for risk communications, response guidelines among other support. A reactive oral cholera vaccine  ( OCV )  campaign led by NPHCDA was conducted in Bauchi LGA, Bauchi State from 24th to 28th July 2021.
[ 9th Aug 2021, Nigeria ]  The long term solution for cholera control lies in access to safe drinking water, maintenance of proper sanitation and hygiene. We continue to advocate to State Governments to prioritise action for solutions that ensure access to and use of safe water, basic sanitation and good hygiene practices in communities.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Majority of the cases referred included severe malaria, severe Broncho pneumonia, anaemia, Antepartum haemorrhage, postpartum haemorrhage, pre eclampsia and eclampsia. In preparation for possible Cholera outbreak in Borno state, PUI carried out training on cholera preparedness and case management for 81 clinical staff, these included both PUI core staff and Borno State ministry of health  ( BSMOH )  staff. Clinicians demonstrated improved knowledge of the subject matter. Through awareness creation and behaviour change counselling PUI reached out to 15,231 beneficiaries in Bolori II and Monguno with special focus on key hygiene messages on prevention and control of cholera and other prevailing illnesses. A total of 97 new beneficiaries also benefitted from psychosocial support  ( PSS )  services.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] IOM continues to provide MHPSS services and activities to the affected populations in the BAY States – Borno, Adamawa and Yobe. IOM offers direct MHPSS services to conflict affected populations through the deployment of dedicated psychosocial support mobile teams, community mobilizers and referral teams. The referral teams work in close collaboration with psychiatric nurses from the FNPH in Maiduguri and Specialist Hospital in Yola, to provide specialized mental health services to those identified and in need of such services. A total of 2,797 new beneficiaries  ( 201 boys, 398 girls, 883 men an d 1315 women )  were reached through various MHPSS/Protection services and activities in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States. 273 follow up sessions were offered  ( 14 boys, 4 girls, 133 men and 122 women )  through secondary referrals for specialized mental health services at the FNPH in Maiduguri, Specialist Hospital in Yola and deployment of six  ( 6 )  psychiatric nurses to the hard to reach areas of Bama, Banki, Dikwa, Gwoza, Ngala and Monguno in Borno State.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] IRS in Monguno LGA: Since 24 May, a total of 132 IRS workers that included 12 IRS supervisors, 60 Spray Operators and 60 Mobilizers were effectively trained on WHO procedures IRS in Monguno. The IRS workers were recruited from the same community.  These trained IRS workers were quite acceptable to the IDP community in all the 3 phases of IRS campaigns to complete the successful spray campaigns in all the 12 IDP camps.  IRS and IEC/BCC activities completed in the 12 camps namely; NRC 1&2, Stadium, Kuya Primary School, Government Day Secondary, Fulatari, Vertinary, Gana Ali, Ngurno, Gardner Lowcost, GGSS, Water Board and GSSSS IDP camps. The same households also received malaria prevention and proper hygiene messages.  Data till 30 June shows that a total of 27,699 out of 28,626 houses were sprayed in the 12 camps of Monguno, a total of 123,433 IDPs population was covered that comprised of 54,097 males and 69,336 females with excellent rate of acceptance and coverage rates of 97%.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Two Hundred and Twenty Six  ( 226 )  births were assisted by skilled birth attendants and Forty Nine  ( 49 )  delivery kits were distributed to support safe deliveries. Items explicitly tailored towards the reproductive and general health needs of women and girls of reproductive age were distributed in Gwoza and Damboa LGAs. Fifty Four  ( 54 )  Dignity kits were distributed to adolescent girls and young women in IDP Camps and Host Communities. One thousand, Four Hundred and Ninety Five  ( 1495 )  persons were reached with medical services during mobile medical outreaches in IDP Camps and Host Communities in the LGAs. The mobile medical team provide medical check ups, pre and post natal care, family planning, basic first aid treatment as well as referral services to beneficiaries in IDP camps and host communities.
[ 1st June 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Acute Respiratory Infection with a total number of 4,996cases, was the highest cause of morbidity for the month, closely followed by Acute Diarrheal Disease without dehydration  ( with a total of 3,355 cases ) . The cases for Malaria has been progressively increasing with a total case of 2,698. INTERSOS health facilities also registered an increase in the cases for malaria, and Bloody diarrhea across all sites, compared to the previous month. From the Morbidity breakdown, Magumeri supported sites registered the highest number of consultations across all INTERSOS sites. Supporting referral in Bama, Magumeri, Konduga Chabal as for Dikwa and Ngala, INTERSOS refers patients to FHI supported Hospitals. This month 65 patients were referred, 50 were discharged, and 15 patients still on admission. The patients were referred from Magumeri and Bama.