nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
Somalis who lack adequate social protection are more susceptible to contracting the disease and suffering its worst consequences. That susceptibility is particularly true for internally displaced persons and the urban poor, given their squalid, congested living conditions and lack of access to basic health and sanitary services.
The 2019 post Deyr assessment showed that out of 24 IDP sites, GAM levels were critical in five sites and severe in 13 sites in children under 5, indicating that children in IDP sites are disproportionately affected and more often require lifesaving nutrition interventions. In addition, the total figure of those in need of nutrition services should include an estimated 28,000 refugees and asylum seekers in Somalia and 38,276 refugee returnees.
Malnutrition and anaemia are a significant public health problem in Somalia: 17 percent of children aged 6 59 months are stunted and 43 percent anaemic; while 47 percent of pregnant and lactating women and girls are anaemic  ( Somalia National Micronutrient Survey 2020 ) .
In Garbaharey, food commodities arrived in the market after illegal checkpoints along the supply corridor from Mogadishu were removed. This had brought tension along the supply route and transporters had stopped using the roads due to the security situation
Between 1 August 2016 to 30 June 2020, the Country Task Force verified 17,156 violations against 14,637 children  ( 2,533 girls, 12,104 boys )  of which the majority were attributed to Al Shabaab, followed by the Somali National Army regional forces and clan militias.
In Hudur, prices of local cereals  ( red sorghum and white maize )  remained the same as last week  ( January 2021 ) . However, prices of imported items increased by 1% to 23%. In addition, fuel prices  ( diesel and petrol )  increased by 4% and are very expensive due to scarcity.
In Qansaxdhere, insurgents have continued restricting movement between the rural and the town resulting in scarcity of food items such as vegetables, meat and milk. The main livestock market in the district is open but trade activities are very low.
Given the challenged linked to displacement and the constantly growing numbers interesting the city of Kismayo, the Government of Jubaland has decided to seek for a long term, large scale solution
In Qansaxdhere, the livestock market was reopened this week however business activities were very low, only few goats were brought from the nearby villages in the town due to fear and restriction of movement by insurgents. The cost of local goat was $60 per head. In addition scarcity of camel milk and goat meat continues, price of camel milk is $2 per litre and goat meat price is $8 per Kg
Business activities are affected by low acceptance to rejection of local Somali Shilling notes. In Bossaso, the commercial port city of Puntland, traders are accepting only USDs. In Garowe, Somali shilling currency notes are lowly acceptable by petty vegetable and meat traders. In Qardho, traders are accepting Somali Shilling notes and exchange rate is fluctuating between 37,000 and 40,000 SO SH per USD.
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of shelter enclosure issues reported by households were Leaks during heavy rain  ( 46% ) , Leaks during light rain  ( 35% ) , Lack of insulation from cold  ( 30% ) .
The impacts of COVID 19, and measures taken to control it, the ongoing armed conflict and insecurity as well as well as climatic shocks continue to have a devastating impact on the protection of girls and boys, exposing them profound mental health and psychosocial risks.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  7% of households reported having experienced barriers in accessing aid in the 30 days prior to data collection. Among those households, the most commonly reported barriers were lack of information  ( 75% ) , physically unable to access points of aid distribution  ( 22% ) , insecurity on route to points of aid distribution ( 13% ) .
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported problems related to accessing sanitation facilities by households of IDP settlement were Lack of sanitation facilities  ( latrines/toilets )  / facilities too crowded  ( 25% ) ,Sanitation facilities  ( latrines/toilets )  are not functioning or full  ( 11% ) .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  63% and 57% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported no child friendly spaces in their community.
Moreover, given that households involved in the agricultural sector seem to have been slightly less exposed to COVID 19 related income shocks in comparison to those involved in rural non farm activities, support programmes should be provided to populations who abandoned agriculture because of conflict or the effects of the 2016/17 drought but are interested in re entering the sector as they would likely strengthen household resilience and food security.
Heavy rainfall and flooding triggered by Cyclone Gati from 22 to 24 November 2020 caused significant damage to fishing communities and caused livestock deaths in coastal parts of Puntland and Somaliland.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  19% and 9% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported areas in their community where girls or women do not feel safe.
In addition, low levels of resilience and chronic challenges to the agricultural and livestock sectors were found to be key issues facing many rural households. Consequently, support programmes that improve food availability at the household level and stabilise access for the most food insecure populations alongside with resilience building are required. This could include activities that enhance access to agricultural and livestock assets, complemented by advisory services including agropastoral field schools. Particular attention shall be given to the reduction of post harvest losses by enhancing post harvest technologies, such as improved storage techniques and structures at farm or household levels, as well as through the promotion of improved technologies for milling and processing. Developing local feed and farming input supply modalities, such as the establishment of community seed production systems, the rehabilitation of pasture and degraded land sand and the organization of farmers into producer groups are other key aspects worthy of consideration.
Critical prevalence of acute malnutrition has persisted among Bossaso and Mogadishu IDPs since 2019 Deyr. This is partly attributed to high morbidity, increased displacements, inconsistent income to households in Mogadishu. Seasonal climatic factors that affected household income especially in Bosasso IDPs.
According to a seed system security assessment conducted by the FAO Representation Office in Somalia in 2015/16  ( FAO, 2016 ) , 46 percent of households relied on local markets to source their seeds, while an additional 38 percent relied on their own seed sources and 13 percent relied on seed distributions and/or aid. Households in Somaliland were heavily dependent on their own seed sources  ( 76 percent of all households ) , while households in Puntland and southern Somalia relied more on local markets  ( between 55 and 58 percent of households )
The number of people displaced by flooding has increased significantly in recent years, with 919,000 displaced by floods in 2020 compared to 416,000 displaced in 2019, and 281,000 individuals in 2018.
The COVID 19 pandemic did not have any major impacts on the price of locally produced food staples, though a brief increase in imported rice prices during the months of April and May were observed, likely linked to COVID 19 disruptions to global rice markets, panic buying in Somalia and increased demand during the month of Ramadan.
[ General household information ]  The most commonly reported reasons for not taking action on COVID 19 were COVID 19 is not prevalent in the area  ( 87% ) , not at high risk of getting COVID 19  ( 6% )
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  84% and 90% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported no awareness of medical, legal, or psychological services to address incidents of GBV.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  3% and 4% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement respectively reported areas in their community where boys or men do not feel safe.
In the Northwest, localized areas in most livelihood zones of Awdal, Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sool, and Sanaag regions received light to moderate rainfall during the December 11 20 period. Recorded rainfall was much lower than predicted by the rainfall forecast, which predicted moderate to heavy rain. Guban Pastoral livelihood zone in northern Awdal and Woqooyi Galbeed regionsreceived the most rainfall. Overall, the rains were beneficial to rangeland conditions, though vegetation quality continues to decline as observed by key informants and remote sensing imagery.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported problems encountered when accessing health services or treatment: Cost of services and/or medicine was too high  ( 24% ) , Have not tried to access medical services  ( 23% )  and the treatment cneter was too far away  ( 11% ) .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types shelter damage or defects reported by households were Opening or cracks in roof  ( 23% )  , some cracks in some walls  ( 17% ) , Broken or cracked windows  ( 21% ) .
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  Top three most commonly reported priority needs: Shelter  ( 32% ) , Food  ( 51% ) , Healthcare  ( 40% ) .
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ] The main drivers of WASH LSGs were found to be: • Households without access to an improved water source  ( 76% )  • Households without access to sufficient quantity of drinking water  ( 13% )  • Households without access to soap at home  ( 62% )  • Households without access to a functional and improved sanitation facility  ( 61% )
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of shelter enclosure issues reported by households were Leaks during heavy rain  ( 46% ) , Leaks during light rain  ( 27% ) , Lack of insulation from cold  ( 20% ) .
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  Among households with multi sectoral needs, 88% need education, 98% need WASH, 79% Shelter, 53% Nutrition, 27% Health, 11% Protection.
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  92% of the household found with WASH living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 9% found to be very extremely+ severe, 35% extreme severe, 48% severe, 7% stress,1% no or minimal.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  4% and 2% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported gender based violence  ( GBV )  related incidents against anybody in their community in the 30 days prior to data collection.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported areas in the community where boys or men do not feel safe were On the way to markets  ( 73% ) , In the market  ( 70% )  and When leaving settlement/town  ( 28% )
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Nutrition LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 43% for severe and lowest was 4% for no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per Nutrition LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 46% for severe and lowest was 5% for no or minimal.
Women and girls, especially those with disabilities, face additional challenges as well as heightened risks of gender based violence in Somalia.
Moreover, cereals consumed in Somalia are sourced locally and from international markets. According to FAO GIEWS, 2020/21 total cereal requirements were 1.09 million tonnes, of which 169 000 tonnes could be covered by 2020 production levels, 885 000 tonnes covered by cereal imports and the remaining quantities coming from stock drawdowns  ( FAO, 2020a ) . Of the key staple foods, sorghum and maize are typically sourced locally or from regional East African markets, such as Kenya and Ethiopia, while wheat flour and rice are often imported from Thailand and India.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  76% and 77% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported no child friendly spaces in their community.
Mogadishu IDP recorded a GAM prevalence of 16.7 percent and SAM prevalence of 3.7 percent during the 2020 Deyr assessment indicating sustained Critical nutrition situation since 2018 Deyr. SAM prevalence among IDPs in Mogadishu remained at sustained Serious level since 2018 Deyr 2018. CDR and U5DR among IDPs in Mogadishu recorded Serious levels  ( i.e. 0.83/10 000/day and 1.46/10 000/day, respectively ) .
The satellite derived eMODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index  ( NDVI )  for the December 11 20 period shows positive vegetation anomalies in most southern and central regions of the country  ( Figure 3 ) . Conversely, most livelihood zones of the North continue to experience rangeland resource depletion due to generally below average seasonal performance. However, conditions in pastoral livelihood zones of coastal Bari, Sanaag, and Woqooyi Galbeed regions remain relatively better due to the effects of Cyclone Gati. The NDVI also indicates below normal vegetation conditions in northern Gedo and many areas of Juba regions. The NOAA Climate Prediction Center's forecast through December 31 predicts little to no rainfall across the country, indicating the end of the deyr rainfall season  ( Figure 4 ) .
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Proportion of households of IDP settlements reporting not having sufficient water for the following purposes were: Not enough water for cooking, bathing, washing, and other domestic uses  ( 18% ) , Not enough water for domestic purposes only  ( 17% ) ,Not enough water for personal hygiene only  ( 51% ) .
In the South, no rainfall was reported in most areas, including all livelihood zones of Hiiraan, Lower and Middle Shabelle, Lower and Middle Juba, Bay, and Bakool regions. Only localized areas of agropastoral and pastoral livelihood zones of Bardheere district in southern Gedo received light showers. None of the local rain gauge stations in these regions recorded any rainfall. Despite the recently suppressed rainfall, rangeland and crop conditions remain favorable in many areas. River water levels in the riverine livelihood zones of Hiiraan, the Shabelles, the Jubas, and Gedo continued to recede and are significantly below flood risk levels. However, cropping activities in these flood affected areas remain below normal.
In the Northeast, localized areas in Northern Inland and Coastal Deeh Pastoral livelihood zones of Bandarbeyla, Iskushuban Qardho, and Bossaso districts of Bari region received localized light to moderate rainfall during the December 10 20 period. By contrast, little to no rainfall was reported in Nugaal and northern Mudug regions. Rangeland conditions in most areas of the Northeast continued to deteriorate due to the poor seasonal performance of the deyr rains. The main exception is cycloneaffected areas of Coastal Deeh, Northern Inland, and East Golis Pastoral livelihood zones of Iskushuban, Caluula, and Bossaso districts of Bari, where Cyclone Gati's torrential rains have regenerated local pasture and browse.
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types shelter damage or defects reported by households were Opening or cracks in roof  ( 21% )  , roof partially collapsed ( 14% ) , Broken or cracked windows  ( 13% ) .
It is estimated that in 2021 around 2.3 million people  ( 1.14 million for treatment services and 1.16 million for preventive services )  in Somalia will require both lifesaving curative and preventive nutrition support. This number includes children under 5, pregnant and lactating women, as well as girls. Out of the total in need, around 511,706 are IDPs, who are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition.
The national median GAM prevalence in children under 5 was reported to be around 13.1 per cent  ( 11.3 MAM & 1.8 SAM )   ( FSNAU Post Deyr report 2019 )  translating to 962,000 boys and girls. Of these children, 162,000 are affected by life threatening severely acute malnutrition while around 800,000 are moderately acute malnourished; of the total admissions, 54 per cent are girls. An estimated 181,954 pregnant and lactating women are acutely malnourished.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Education LSGs were found to be primarily driven by Households with school aged children who reported barriers to accessing education for boys  ( 89% )  , Households with school aged children who reported barriers to accessing education for girls  ( 88% ) .
An estimated 771,802 under five children and 389,205 pregnant and lactating women are estimated to be in need of either preventive nutrition assistance.
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported problems related to accessing sanitation facilities by households of IDP settlement were Lack of sanitation facilities  ( latrines/toilets )  / facilities too crowded  ( 36% ) ,Sanitation facilities  ( latrines/toilets )  are not functioning or full  ( 41% ) .
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  98% of IDP settlement and 96% of non IDP settlement households found with a Education Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
Within Somalia, 85 per cent of IDP sites are informally settled on privately owned land where there is a reliance on verbal agreements or short term accords. As a result, evictions are frequent, with 105,755 individuals evicted between January and October of 2020  ( HLP Dashboard, 2020 ) . Of this figure, 63 per cent of evictions have occurred in settlements in Banadir.
Factors contributing to infection among health care workers include: poor knowledge towards personal protection; inadequate personal protective equipment; poor practice on waste management and segregation system; lack IPC guidance communications materials in the facilities; lack of IPC training, especially for non medical staff; poor IPC implementation measures/procedures for staff; lack of adequate hand washing facilities and decontamination supplies.
Acceptance of the local currency continue to be low and majority of traders are trading in dollars using mobile money platforms. In addition, in major towns such as Bossaso and Garowe exchange rate is fluctuating between 40,000 and 47,000 SO SH per USD and most exchange rate dealers are closing businesses due to uncertainty
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported barriers to accessing water were water points are too far  ( 37% ) , Water points are difficult to reach  ( especially for people with disabilities )   ( 19% ) , water is too expensive ( 19% ) .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ] The main drivers of shelter & NFI LSGs were found to be Households without access to a safe and healthy housing enclosure unit  ( 9% ) , Households whose shelter solutions do not meet agreed technical and performance standards  ( 36% ) , Households without access to vital household NFIs  ( 67% ) .
Conflict, insecurity and deteriorating infrastructure, exacerbated by seasonal flooding, continue to hamper the logistics capability of the humanitarian community to deliver assistance to vulnerable people.
Humanitarian needs for women and girls are exacerbated in the context of Somalia's IDP sites. On average, only 14 per cent of IDP sites host latrines with access to lighting, creating safety constraints that are acutely felt by women and girls  ( DSA, 2020 ) .The issue of accessing communal infrastructure for women and girls is exacerbated by the fact that only 19 per cent of latrines in IDP sites possess locks for security.
Based on the ‘triple threat' emergency of floods, COVID 19 and this year's locust outbreak, and a demand from partners for Logistics Cluster services to support the response to these emergencies, a Concept of Operations was developed in April 2020. This outlined the need to support humanitarian partners in areas where physical access is a continued challenge   either due to the closure of roads or airstrips operational capacity further indicating the need for augmented common transport services to facilitate the support of the humanitarian community to affected populations in Somalia.
Cross border between Ethiopia and Somaliland is normal, supply of fruits, vegetables, khat is ongoing, and prices remain the same for six weeks in a row except potatoes that decreased compared to last week. For instance, in Hargeisa, prices of tomatoes, onions, garlic and carrots remained the same at 7,500 SL SH, 6,800 SL SH, 8,800 SL SH and 5,200 SL SH respectively. Potatoes decreased from 6,200 to 5,900 SL SH  (  5% )  per Kg. In addition, watermelons are still out of stock in most markets in Somaliland.
Camel milk and meat prices remain the same as last week in most markets throughout Puntland, however, goat milk prices increased by 15% due to shortage resulting from seasonality. In addition, livestock  ( local goat and camel )  decreased by approximately  7% in most markets
In Burco, the market price for camel milk has significantly decreased from 10,000 SL SH to 7,000 SL SH  (  30% )  due to camels breeding season. Period between December and February is when most camels give birth increasing supply of camel milk in the markets
As these restrictions began to be implemented throughout the country, concerns grew about the implications for food systems in Somalia. It was feared that these restrictions had the potential to affect both food supply and demand, as well as food security. With this in mind, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  ( FAO )  put in place a monitoring system, funded by the United States Agency for International Development  ( USAID ) , that would identify and monitor risk factors stemming from the COVID 19 pandemic in order to assess the needs of rural populations and inform anticipatory actions and response.
Obtaining access to areas under the control of the Federal Government of Somalia and allied non State armed groups remains largely possible. Gaining access to areas recaptured by the Government and its allies is hampered by ongoing insecurity, including the presence of improvised explosive devices along key supply routes, a lack of State authority beyond major population centres and bureaucratic impediments, including interference by authorities in the selection of beneficiaries and the distribution of assistance.
As of today, 1,421 cases of the virus have been confirmed in Somalia, with 56 deaths.
The measles outbreak in Kismayo that began in August, with fifty five  ( 55 )  patients admitted at the Kismayo General Hospital over the course of 4 weeks, has in September increase to 130 cases and 0 deaths.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  3% of households of IDP settlements and 5% of household of Non IDP settlement reported gender based violence  ( GBV )  related incidents against anybody in their community in the 30 days prior to data collection.
Food Security and livelihoods: 89% KIs reported increase of price for food compared to the previous month while 19% KIs reported no any any changes in the price of the food compared to the previous month.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 78% for stress and lowest was 1% for extreme. Similarly highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 67% for stress and lowest was 2% for extreme.
Food Security and livelihoods: KIs from 40% of assessed settlements reported people skipping two or more meals per day to cope with a lack of food.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  30% of the household found with health living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 4% found to be very extremely+ severe, 13% extreme severe, 13% severe, 11% stress, 59% no or minimal.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported areas in the community where boys or men do not feel safe were On the way to markets  ( 87% ) , when leaving settlement/town  ( 13% ) , and in the markets  ( 79% ) .
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  100% of IDP settlement and 69% of non IDP settlement households found with a nutrition Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
[ Displacement ]  Top three reported reasons for leaving previous location were conflict in surrounding area, but not in my community  ( 25% ) , drought  ( 20% )  and Lack of livelihood opportunities/job  ( 13% )
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  The highest percentage of households per MSNI severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 66% for extreme and lowest was 0% for stress and no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 48% for stress and lowest was 0% for extreme.
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  84% of the household found with Shelter and Non food items ( SNFI )  living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 2% found to be extreme+, 22% extreme, 60% severe and 16% stress.
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  Among the 99% households found to have an overall MSNI of 3 and above, this score was most commonly driven by extreme LSGs in WASH, Education, SNFI and Nutrition  ( 12% ) , followed by WASH and Education  ( 11% ) , or WASH, Education and SNFI  ( 11% ) .
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported reasons why children stopped attending school since the outbreak were: Schools have closed  ( 87% ) , Lack transportation to schools due to COVID 19  ( 7% ) , Parents prefer that children stay home  ( 14% ) .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types shelter damage or defects reported by households were Opening or cracks in roof  ( 23% )  , Roof partially collapsed  ( 21% ) , Broken or cracked windows  ( 18% ) .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of shelter enclosure issues reported by households were Leaks during heavy rain  ( 50% ) , Leaks during light rain  ( 41% ) , Lack of insulation from cold  ( 29% ) .
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per WASH LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 42% for severe and lowest was 0% for no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per WASH LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 59% for severe and lowest was 1% for No or minimal .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of housing, land and property  ( HLP )  dispute reported by households were :Disputes about rent  ( including payment )   ( 6% ) , Rules and processes on HLP not clear  ( 4%  ) ,Disputed ownership ( 12% )
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported areas in the community where boys or men do not feel safe were On the way to markets  ( 46% ) , When leaving settlement/town  ( 43%  ) , In the market  ( 28% ) .
[ CAPACITY GAP  ( CG )  ]  98% of households were found to have at least one Education Living Standard Gaps ( LSG )  and/or a Capacity Gap  ( CG ) . 92% of households were found to have an Living Standard Gaps ( LSG )  in education but no capacity gap in education. 6% of households were found to have both an Living Standard Gaps ( LSG )  in education and a capacity gap in education. 2% of households were found to have no education Living Standard Gaps ( LSG )  but a capacity gap in education.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  26% and 40% of Households IDP and non IDP settlements respectively reported education of their children had been disrupted as a result of the COVID 19 outbreak.
Health: 51% of assessed settlements reportedly had no access to any health services.
Health: Most commonly reported barriers for accessing healthcare by assessed settlements were cost of services  ( 59% ) , Distance  ( 66% ) , Absence of qualified personnel  ( 47% ) .
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  98% of IDP settlement and 95% of non IDP settlement households found with a Education Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Health LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 63% for no or minimal and lowest was 1% for extreme. Similarly highest percentage of households per Health LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 72% for no or minimal and lowest was 1% for extreme.
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  Among the 100% households found to have an overall MSNI of 3 and above, this score was most commonly driven by extreme LSGs in WASH, SNFI, Education and Food security  ( 11% ) , followed by WASH, SNFI, Education, Nutrition and Food security  ( 11% ) , or WASH, SNFI, Education, Nutrition, Food security and Health  ( 10% ) .
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  Among households with multi sectoral needs, highest need was of WASH  ( 92% ) , followed by Education ( 86% ) , Shelter ( 74% ) , Nutrition ( 49% ) , Health ( 21% )  and Protection ( 13% )
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per WASH LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 46% for extreme and lowest was 0% for no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per WASH LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 54% for severe and lowest was 1% for no or minimal.
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Nutrition LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 50% for severe and lowest was 0% for no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per Nutrition LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 55% for severe and lowest was 0% for no or minimal.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Education LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 98% for severe and lowest was 1% for stress and no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per Education LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 95% for severe and lowest was 2% for stress.
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ] 93% of IDP settlement and 71% of non IDP settlement households found with a WASH Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  12% of the households of non IDP settlements reported that it takes less than 15 minutes to reach to the nearest health facility by foot while 38% ,31% and 14% of the households of non IDP settlements reported it takes 15 30 minutes, 30 60minutes and 1 3 hours to reach to the nearest health facility by foot respectively. Only 3% of the households of non IDP settlements reported that it takes more than 3 hours to reach to the nearest health facility by foot .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 59% for stress and lowest was 2% for extreme. Similarly highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 50% for stress and lowest was 0% for extreme and extreme+.
Health: In 14% of assessed settlements, health workers reportedly provided basic health services within the settlement. For these settlements, 27% reported that the healthcare workers provide health services once a month ,50% reported 2 3 times a month and 23% reported only once a week.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The main drivers of health LSGs were found to be Households with at least one member who had been ill in the two weeks prior to data collection and it taking more than one hour to reach the nearest healthcare facility by foot  ( 0% ) . Households with women of reproductive age  ( 15 49 years old )  who had given a life birth in the two years prior to data collection without having been attended by skilled health personnel  ( 7% )  , Households that do not have access to a functional healthcare facility within 1 hour walking distance  ( 7% ) .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per SNFI LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 57% for extreme and lowest was 0% for no or minimal and extreme+. Similarly highest percentage of households per SNFI LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 40% for severe and lowest was 0% for no or minimal and extreme+.
Health: Most commonly reported health issues by assessed settlements were Malaria  ( 16% ) , Fever  ( 19% ) , Diarrhoea  ( 3% ) .
Shelter: KIs from 24% of assessed settlements reported that shelters were destroyed or seriously damaged in the month prior to data collection.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Five most commonly reported illnesses or injuries household members of non IDP settlements had in the past two weeks prior to data collection were fever ( 5% ) , Diarrhea  ( 4% ) , Cough with fast or difficult breathing  ( 1% ) .
[ MUTLI SECTORAL NEEDS ]  The highest percentage of households per MSNI severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 68% for extreme and lowest was 0% for stress and no or minimal. Similarly highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 66% for stress and lowest was 0% for stress and no or minimal.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  21% of the households of IDP settlements reported that it takes less than 15 minutes to reach to the nearest health facility by foot while 33% and 42% of the households of IDP settlements reported it takes 15 30 minutes and 30 60minutes to reach to the nearest health facility by foot respectively. 2% and 0% of the households of IDP settlements reported that it takes 1 3 hours and more than 3 hours to reach to the nearest health facility by foot respectively.
Services most affected by COVID 19 include legal support  ( with the closure of courts ) , community awareness campaigns  ( due to the need for social distancing ) , psychosocial support services, Gender Based Violence shelters and child friendly spaces.
The Detailed Site Assessment data indicates that in over one third of sites where services were provided in the last three months, persons with disabilities faced some form of impediment to accessing services. Further efforts to improve communication with communities and feedback mechanisms are needed that consider the impact of intermediaries and impediments to access.
[ Displacement ]  Top three reported reasons for leaving previous location were actual conflict/ fear of conflict in community or surrounding area ( 49% ) , Fear of conflict in community  ( 24% ) ,arrival of armed group  ( 12% ) .
[ Displacement ] Top three reported reasons for coming to current location were: Presence of education services  ( 16% ) , availability of work/income opportunities ( 33% ) , no conflict  ( 77% ) .
Shelter: Most commonly reported type of shelter by assessed population were dwelling hut with attached roof  ( 68% ) , permanent structure  ( 12% ) .
Shelter: Most commonly reported type of shelter by assessed population were dwelling hut with attached roof  ( 74% ) , permanent structure  ( 11% ) .
Protection: 55% of the assessed settlement where KIs reported any protection incidents happened in road, 43% reported near water and 56% reported in field.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  Top three most commonly reported priority needs: Shelter  ( 67% ) , Food  ( 54% ) , Healthcare  ( 52% ) .
Protection: KIs from 86% of the settlements where people were not able to move safely around the settlement during the day, reported that these settlements relied on own production as the main source of food.
Protection: KIs from 90% of the settlements where people were not able to move safely around the settlement during the day, reported that these settlements relied on own production as the main source of food.
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ] 100% of IDP settlement and 97% of non IDP settlement households found with a WASH Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  7% households with a vulnerable primary income earner.
[ General household information ] Two most commonly reported preferred sources through to receive information about COVID 19 were Radio classes  ( 60% )  and Word of mouth  ( 35% ) .
Child labour is reported at 55.5 per cent of settlement and urban communities, with child recruitment by armed forces and groups, children being made to beg in extreme heat, shine shoes and sell goods in the market being the most common forms .
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  51% of households reported having at least one member who could not read or write.
Furthermore, the majority of women and girls in need of temporary shelter are forced to continue to stay in threatening environments due to limited shelter provision. Specifically, women and girls living with disabilities face exclusion and marginalization across the continuum of care which further constrains their ability to access Gender Based Violence services.
Top three reported reasons for coming to current location were: no conflict  ( 34% ) , availability of work/ income opportunities  ( 31% )  and Presence of food distribution/ food aid  ( 21% )
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ] The main drivers of WASH LSGs were found to be: Households without access to an improved water source  ( 54% )  , Households without access to sufficient quantity of drinking water  ( 18% ) , Households without access to soap at home  ( 42% )  , Households without access to a functional and improved sanitation facility  ( 46% ) .
Mental distress is exacerbated in the COVID 19 pandemic as vulnerable individuals, including older persons and persons with disabilities, may be separated from their caregivers due to quarantine and isolation requirements. Additionally, stigmatization of communities or individuals perceived as contributing to the spread of the virus has been reported, leading to violence and discriminatory limitations of rights, including the freedom of movement of particular groups or individuals.
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for IDP settlement was 41% for No or minimal and lowest was 1% for Extreme+. Similarly highest percentage of households per Protection LSG severity score, per population group for Non IDP settlement was 46% for No or minimal and lowest was 0% for Extreme.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  33% of households reported having at least one member who could not read or write.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  Top three most commonly reported priority needs: Shelter  ( 58% ) , Food  ( 35% ) , Healthcare  ( 30% ) .
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  88% of the household found with WASH living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 17% found to be very extremely+ severe, 20% extreme severe, 51% severe, 11% stress,1% no or minimal.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  24% of Households of non IDP settlements have not been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection while 61% of Households of non IDP settlements have been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection.
Protection/GBV: In 59% of assessed settlements KIs reported that no kinds of special services for children were available.
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  15% of households reported having received aid in the 30 days prior to data collection.
Protection/GBV: In 64% of assessed settlements KIs reported that protection services were not available to women from the settlements.
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Most commonly reported problems related to accessing sanitation facilities by households of IDP settlement were Lack of sanitation facilities  ( latrines/toilets )  / facilities too crowded  ( 65% ) ,Sanitation facilities  ( latrines/toilets )  are not functioning or full  ( 42% ) .
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  23% of the households of IDP settlements reported that it takes less than 15 minutes to reach to the nearest education facility while 44% and 5% of the households of IDP settlements reported it takes 15 30 minutes and 30 60minutes to reach to the nearest education facility respectively. Only 2% of the households of IDP settlements reported that it takes 1 3 hours to reach to the nearest education facility.
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Among households of IDP settlements with children, 22% household reported their child ( ren )  having been enrolled in a nutritional centre/therapeutic feeding centre in the 6 months prior to data collection while 26% household of non IDP settlements with children reported their child ( ren )  having been enrolled in a nutritional centre/therapeutic feeding centre in the 6 months prior to data collection.
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  25% of the households of non IDP settlements reported that it takes less than 15 minutes to reach to the nearest health facility by foot while 44%, 28%of the households of non IDP settlements reported it takes 15 30 minutes, 30 60minutes to reach to the nearest health facility by foot respectively. Only 1% of the households of non IDP settlements reported that it takes more than 3 hours to reach to the nearest health facility by foot .
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  100% households reporting having been displaced for longer than one year
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  89% households reporting not having any working household members
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  90% households with an age dependency ratio greater than 0.8
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  12% households with a vulnerable primary income earner
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  52% households with at least one pregnant and/or lactating woman.
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of nutrition barriers reported by households with children were: Unware that services are available  ( 36% ) , Unaware that supplements are available  ( 33% )  and Facilities too far to travel to ( 24% ) .
[ HEALTH LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  24% of Households of IDP settlements have not been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection while 29% of Households of IDP settlements have been able to access healthcare facilities in the six months prior to data collection.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported reasons why children stopped attending school since the outbreak were: Schools have closed  ( 93% ) , Lack transportation to schools due to COVID 19  ( 12% ) , Parents prefer that children stay home  ( 8% ) .
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  4% households with a vulnerable primary income earner
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  100% of IDP settlement and 56% of non IDP settlement households found with a nutrition Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
[ Accountability to Affected Populations ]  28% of households reported having experienced barriers in accessing aid in the 30 days prior to data collection. Among those households, the most commonly reported barriers were lack of information  ( 71% ) , physically unable to access points of aid distribution  ( 62% ) , insecurity at site of aid distribution  ( 43% ) .
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ] The main drivers of shelter & NFI LSGs were found to be Households without access to a safe and healthy housing enclosure unit  ( 8% ) , Households whose shelter solutions do not meet agreed technical and performance standards  ( 24% ) , Households without access to vital household NFIs  ( 52% ) .
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  70% households reporting relying on unstable income sources to meet basic needs.
[ PRE EXISTING VULNERABILITIES ]  15% households with at least one member having lost employment in the three months prior to data collection
[ NUTRITION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Among households of IDP settlements with children , 19% households reporting having access to mobile nutrition team able to assess for malnutrition in the 6 months prior to data collection . While among households of non IDP settlements with children , 13% households reporting having access to mobile nutrition team able to assess for malnutrition in the 6 months prior to data collection.
Adolescent girls are particularly at risk of early marriage and other forms of GBV.
[ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE  ( WASH )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  70% of the household found with WASH living Standard Gap  ( LSG ) . 12% found to be very extremely+ severe, 19% extreme severe, 39% severe, 18% stress,12% no or minimal.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The most commonly reported types of education facilities attended were Primary mixed school for boys and girls  ( 54% ) , Quranic school for boys  ( 29% ) , Quranic school for girls  ( 25% )  and Secondary mixed school for boys and girls  ( 9% ) .
PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  26% and 24% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported areas in their community where girls or women do not feel safe.
[ SHELTER & NON FOOD ITEMS  ( SNFI )  LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Three most commonly reported types of shelter enclosure issues reported by households were Leaks during heavy rain  ( 47% ) , Leaks during light rain  ( 27% )  and Lack of insulation from cold  ( 26% ) .
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  The most commonly reported types of education facilities attended were Primary mixed school for boys and girls  ( 74% ) , Quranic school for boys  ( 14% ) , Quranic school for girls  ( 10% )  and Secondary mixed school for boys and girls  ( 21% ) .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  23% of IDP settlement and 21% of non  IDP settlement were with a protection LSG
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  92% of households found with an education LSG. 92% found to be severe, 2% stress, 6% no or minimal.
WASH: 51% of assessed settlements where half or less of the population was estimated to use latrines reported no available of latrines was the main barriers to using latrines. Similarly 29% of assessed settlements reported the insufficient quantity of latrines was the main barriers to using latrines while 16% reported it is not common to use them as a barrier.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  Education LSGs were found to be primarily driven by Households with school aged children who reported barriers to accessing education for boys  ( 80% )  , Households with school aged children who reported barriers to accessing education for girls  ( 77% ) .
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  91% of IDP settlement and 92% of non IDP settlement households found with a Education Living Standard Gaps  ( LSG ) .
[ PROTECTION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  65% and 52% of households of IDP settlements and Non IDP settlement reported no child friendly spaces in their community.
[ EDUCATION LIVING STANDARDS GAP  ( LSG )  ]  23% of the households of IDP settlements reported that it takes less than 15 minutes to reach to the nearest education facility while 39% and 10% of the households of IDP settlements reported it takes 15 30 minutes and 30 60minutes to reach to the nearest education facility respectively. Only 3% of the households of IDP settlements reported that it takes more than 3 hours to reach to the nearest education facility.