nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
An exhaustive nutrition screening using mid upper arm circumference  ( MUAC )  and Oedema for acute malnutrition was conducted by Nutrition Sector partners for 4,829 children of 6 59 months. Of the 4,829 children screened, the MUAC reading was: 177 children  ( 4 from accessible area and 173 from inaccessible area )  were in the Red category, 2,059 were in the Yellow category and 2,593 were measured in the Green category. No case of Oedema was reported in the 7 LGAs
The results also include 64 children from neighbouring Cameroon, Chad and Republic of Niger  ( 14 moved to Bama, 34 to Gwoza, 12 to Mobbar and 4 to Ngala ) . Out of the 64 children measured, 2 were in the red category, 55 were in the green category and 7 children were in the yellow category. All children found with severe acute malnutrition have been admitted for treatment. The data presented is not surveillance results and should be interpreted with caution.
As described by four FGDs, the health facilities remaining in most hard to reach areas were OAG run clinics of questionable quality managed by OAG medics. One facility in the Sambisa Forest was an exception, reported to be staffed by abducted doctors. Lack of access to healthcare and nutritional supplementation rendered hard to reach populations susceptible to preventable causes of death, especially children. Implications toward child malnutrition were especially dire: FGD participants from one larger settlement in Gwoza reported that seven to eight children die daily.
Suspected Meningitis: One suspected meningitis case was reported in week 30 from Umaru Shehu Hospital in MMC.  Suspected VHF: No suspected viral haemorrhagic fever case was reported in week 30.  Suspected cholera: 5 suspected cholera cases were reported in week 30 from FHI360 clinic Banki in Bama. One additional case was reported through IDSR* in Maiduguri LGA, making a total of 6 suspected cholera cases. No associated death was reported.
Malnutrition: 1,909 cases of severe acute malnutrition were reported through EWARS in week 30. Of the reported cases, 191 were from FHI360 clinic Banki in Bama and 123 were from Fori PHC in Jere. One associated death was reported in FHI360 clinic Banki in Bama  Neonatal death: Two neonatal deaths were reported in week 30 from Askira General Hospital  ( 1 )  in Askira Uba and Yawi dispensary  ( 1 )  in Biu.  Maternal death: One maternal death was reported in week 30 from Azir Health clinic in Damboa.
The security situation across North East Nigeria continues to be extremely volatile and unpredictable. On the evening of 8 April 2019 the Nigerian military ordered the immediate departure and forced the relocation of up to 10,000 civilians from Jakana town to Bakassi camp for internally displaced people in Maiduguri, Borno State. According to official sources, civilians were relocated for security reasons ahead of planned operations in the area. The United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria, Mr. Edward Kallon, called on the Government of Nigeria to provide humanitarian assistance to and protect the forcedly displaced people from Jakana. Over the Easter weekend, two humanitarians from Mercy Corps and the International NGO Security Organisation  ( INSO )  were killed in a resort in Kaduna, close to Abuja.
Monguno: 120 arrivals were recorded in Munguno LGA of Borno State. The arrivals include 45 from Gajiram ward of Nganzai LGA, 71 from Doro/Duguri ward and 4 from Baga ward of Kukawa LGA. 63% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions while 38% were reportedly due to the ongoing conflict.
All Nigerian states  ( 36 + FCT )  reported 4,132 suspected cases in 616  ( 79.6% )  LGAs. • Of all suspected, probable and confirmed cases, 90 deaths were recorded with 31 deaths among confirmed cases. • The case fatality ratio  ( CFR )  for all cases  ( suspected, probable and confirmed )  is 2.2%, and 19.0% for confirmed cases
Flood was reported in Mayo belwa and Nasarawo Binyere which resulted in 4 deaths. Movement of 75 individuals  ( IDPs )  from Banki to Fufure camp was recorded under the period under review. Two Meetings have been held with village heads of selected communities on the repatriation process was inconclusive on the second meeting. This is to be able to get designated areas of return for the refugees when they arrive. Meeting will be held on 18/07/2019 by SEMA on the first pilot repatriation.
Jere: 878 arrivals were recorded in Jere LGA of Borno state. All the arrivals were from Adamari in Adamari ward of Jere LGA and were tracked at El Muslim Centre in Old Maiduguri ward of Jere LGA of Borno State. The new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict.
Konduga: 1,329 arrivals were recorded in Konduga LGA of Borno state. These include 384 arrivals from Mhada ward of Kala Balge LGA, 355 arrivals from Baga ward and 577 arrivals from Doro ward of Kukawa LGA, 2 arrivals from Kamyam ward of Konduga LGA of Borno state and 11 arrivals from Marwa in Cameroon. 99% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict while 1% was due to poor living condi�ons.
Askira/Uba: 483 arrivals and 37 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. These include 275 arrivals from Multhfu in Kopa/Multhfu ward of Askira Uba LGA tracked at Lassa ward, 47 arrivals from Lassa ward tracked at Muffa A in Uba ward, 41 arrivals from Rumirgo in Chull/Rumirgo ward tracked at Gundan in Mussa ward, 32 arrivals from Wombur in Uba ward tracked at Huyim in Dille/Huyim ward of Akira/Uba LGA of Borno State, 88 arrivals from Imirsa in Gulak ward of Madagali LGA of Adamawa state, 29 departures from Gatamarwa ward of Chibok LGA and 8 departures from Maisandari ward of Maiduguri Metropolitan Council  ( MMC ) . 75% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict, 16% due to poor living condi�ons and 9% due to improved security. 72% of the departure was due to the ongoing conflict while 28% is due to poor living condi�ons.
Within the period of 8   14 July, a total of 2,974 movements were recorded, including 2,142 arrivals and 832 departures. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Chibok, Dikwa, Gwoza, Hawul, Kaga, Mafa, Mobbar, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  of Borno state and locations in Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Guyuk, Hong, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa state. Departures were recorded in Askira/Uba, Damboa, Gwoza, Kala Balge and Maiduguri LGAs of Borno state and locations in Demsa, Fufore, Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Mayo Belwa, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa state
In 2018, strong winds, rains or fires have destroyed at least 230 shelters within the various camps and camplike settlementsxiv. Six fire outbreaks have been reported this year to date in Monguno alone, including one in the GSSSS camp where 97 shelters were destroyed, one in Kuya where 94 shelters were destroyed, and another in Ngurno, where 7 shelters were destroyed.
Askira/Uba: 153 arrivals and 151 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. These include 139 arrivals from Uba and Kopa/Multhafu wards tracked at Lassa ward of Askira/Uba LGA. Other arrivals include 4 from Jere ward of Jere LGA and 10 from Gombi LGA of Adamawa state. Departures include 17 from Bita/Izghe ward of Gwoza LGA, 6 from Gatamarwa ward of Chibok LGA, 119 from Madagali LGA and 9 from Guyaku LGA of Adamawa state. 42% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict while 58% was due to poor living conditions. 6% of the departure was due to poor living conditions and 4% due to improved security while 90% was voluntary.
Biu: 218 arrivals were recorded in Biu LGA of Borno state. The new arrivals were all from Damboa ward of Damboa LGA. 74% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to improved security while 26% was due to military operation.
February 9: Hoodlums attacked an All Progressives Congress  ( APC )  campaign convoy in Abuja. February 9: Boko Haram killed one soldier and one civilian; Nigerian troops fought back and killed three Boko Haram militants in Madagali, Adamawa. February 9: Soldiers killed two suspected cultists at an APC rally in Oguta, Imo. February 10: Bandits killed nine and kidnapped fifteen in Shiroro, Niger. February 11: Suspected herdsmen killed sixty six in Kajuru, Kaduna. February 11: Gunmen killed one and kidnapped two university workers in Iwo, Osun. February 11: Indigenous People of Biafra  ( IPOB )  accused the Nigerian Army of killing five Biafrans in Owerri, Imo, and of abducting at least two Biafrans in Aba, Abia.
Yellow fever 6.1 In the reporting week 2  ( 7th – 13th January, 2019 ) , no new confirmed case at WHO reference laboratory, Institute Pasteur Dakar  ( IP Dakar )  6.2 From the onset of this outbreak on September 12, 2017 to date, a total of 4,085 suspected yellow fever cases have been reported from 36 States & FCT. Of the 3,780 samples taken, 237 were presumptive positive in country 6.3 A total of 95 cases have been confirmed by IP Dakar from 14 states  ( Kwara, Kogi, Kano, Zamfara, Kebbi, Nasarawa, Niger, Katsina, Edo, Ekiti, Rivers, Anambra, FCT, and Benue States )  6.4 Since the onset of the outbreak, 13 deaths among IP Dakar confirmed cases and 27 deaths among presumptive positive cases have been recorded. Case Fatality Rate among IP Dakar confirmed cases and presumptive positives is 13.7% and 11. 4% respectively
The UN estimates that nearly 18 million people in the region require humanitarian assistance, including approximately 7.1 million people in northeastern Nigeria's three most affected states Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe. Populations in the Lake Chad Basin remain highly dependent on emergency food assistance to meet basic food needs, in addition to requiring emergency health, nutrition, protection, shelter, and WASH interventions
Condemning the attacks and destruction of over 30 houses and property worth millions of naira in communities in Izzi Local Government Area, the police commissioner described the incident as barbaric and man's inhumanity to man.Nwofe, who is Chairman of Nigerian Union of Pensioners, NUP, Ebonyi council, said the suspected political thugs invaded his compound and shot sporadically before setting the houses ablaze.Others include attacks and disruption of APC local government rallies by suspected political thugs at Ebonyi, Onitcha, Ohaozara local government areas and destruction of APC campaign office in Ohaozara. He also listed alleged attacks on the home of APC Zonal Publicity Secretary, Mr Chris Ogba, at Ezzama, Ezza South on February 16 and attack on members of the party at Ekoli Edda among others.
Madagali: 271 arrivals and 389 departures were recorded in Madagali LGA of Adamawa state. These include 90 arrivals from Lamurde ward of Mubi South LGA, 31 arrivals from Nassarawo ward of Yola North, 150 arrivals from Mayo Wandu in Duhu/Shuwa ward of Madagali LGA tracked at Shuwa in Madagali LGA, 70 departures from Kopa/Muthfu ward of Askira/Uba LGA of Borno State, 132 departures from Wuro Dole ward of Girei LGA, 19 departures from Mayo Nguli ward of Maiha LGA, 45 departues from Vim�m ward of Mubi North LGA, 53 departures from Gude ward of Mubi South, 33 departures from Song Waje ward of Song LGA and 37departures from Jambutu ward of Yola North LGA of Adamawa. 67% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict while 33% was due to the fear a�ack. 74% of the departures reported to have departed due to fear of being a�acked, 14% due to the ongoing conflict while 12% was due to improved security.
CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS  ( CSM )  2.1 In the reporting week, 22 suspected Cerebrospinal Meningitis  ( CSM )  cases were reported from 14 LGAs in five states ( Cross River – 2, Katsina – 10, Kwara – 2, Taraba   2 & Zamfara – 6 )  compared with 33 suspected cases with 7 laboratory confirmed and two deaths  ( CFR, 6.1% )  reported across 22 LGAs  ( nine states )  at the same period in 2018  ( Figure 1 )  2.2 Between weeks 1 and 2  ( 2019 ) , 39 suspected meningitis cases with one laboratory confirmed and three deaths  ( CFR, 7.69% )  from 20 LGAs  ( ten States )  were reported compared with 166 suspected cases with 28 Laboratory confirmed and 15 deaths  ( CFR, 9.0% )  from 55 LGAs in 16 states during the same period in 2018
AFP 1.1. As at January 13 2019, no new case of WPV was recorded 1.2. In the reporting week, 85 suspected cases of AFP were reported from 80 LGAs in 27 States 1.3. Between week 1 and 2  ( 2019 ) , 137 suspected cases of AFP were reported from 112 LGAs in 35 state
In the reporting week ending January 13, 2019: o There were 85 new cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis  ( AFP )  reported. None was confirmed as polio. The last reported case of polio in Nigeria was in August 2016. Active case search for AFP is being intensified with the goal to eliminate polio in Nigeria. o There were 18 suspected cases of cholera reported from three LGAs in two States  ( Ebonyi – 9 & Kano – 9 ) . There was no laboratory confirmed case and no death. o There were 116 suspected cases of Lassa fever reported from 16 LGAs in eight States  ( Bauchi –12, Edo –58, Ebonyi – 11, FCT – 2, Ondo – 27, Nasarawa – 1, Plateau – 3 & Taraba   2 ) . 35 were laboratory confirmed and eight deaths were recorded. o There were 22 suspected cases of Cerebrospinal Meningitis  ( CSM )  reported from 14 LGAs in five States  ( Cross River – 2, Katsina – 10, Kwara – 2, Taraba   2 & Zamfara – 6 ) . Of these, none was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded.o There were 503 suspected cases of measles reported from 32 States. None was laboratory confirmed and two deaths were recorded
CHOLERA 3.1 18 suspected case of cholera and two deaths  ( CFR, 11.1% )  were reported from three LGAs in two states  (  Ebonyi – 9 & Kano – 9 )  in week 2, 2019 compared with 40 suspected cases and four deaths  ( CFR, 10.0% )  reported from 11 LGAs  ( three states )  during the same period in 2018  ( Figure 2 ) . 3.2 Between weeks 1 and 2  ( 2019 ) , 19 suspected cholera cases and two deaths  ( CFR, 10.5% )  from four LGAs in three States were reported compared with 190 suspected cases and 16 deaths  ( CFR, 8.42% )  from 29 LGAs in eight States during the same period in 2018
LASSA FEVER 4.1 In the reporting Week 2  ( 7 – 13 January, 2019 ) , thirty five new confirmediI cases were reported from Edo  ( 12 ) , Ondo  ( 12 ) , Bauchi  ( 3 ) , FCT  ( 1 ) , Ebonyi  ( 5 ) , Plateau  ( 1 )  and Taraba  ( 1 )  States with eight new deaths in Ondo  ( 3 ) , Edo  ( 1 ) , Ebonyi  ( 1 ) , FCT  ( 1 ) , Plateau  ( 1 )  and Taraba  ( 1 )  States 4.2 From 1st   13th January 2019, a total of 172 suspectedi cases have been reported. Of these, 60 were confirmed positive and 112 negative  ( not a case )  4.3 Since the onset of the 2019 outbreak, there have been 16 deaths among confirmed cases. Case Fatality Rate in confirmed cases is 26.7% 4.4 Eight states have recorded at least one confirmed case across 17 LGAs  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba & FCT )  and remain active
MEASLES 5.1 In the reporting week, 503 suspected cases of measles and two deaths  ( CFR, 0.4% )  were reported from 32 states compared with 212 suspected cases reported from 33 states during the same period in 2018 5.2 Since the beginning of the year, 687 suspected measles cases with 1345 laboratory confirmed and two deaths  ( CFR, 0.29% )  were reported from 35 states and FCT compared with 360 suspected cases and one death  ( CFR, 0.28 % )  from 34 States and FCT, during the same period in 2018
The increasing level of congestion at some sites, due to lack of space, makes it difficult to construct adequate sanitation and hygiene facilities. Lack of facilities, coupled with the proximity of living, has a detrimental effect on peoples' ability to resist waterborne diseases such as cholera.
7.1. From week 1  52 2018, 403 suspected cases were reported, of which 363 were Influenza like illness  ( ILI ) , 40 were Severe Acute Respiratory Infection  ( SARI ) . 7.2. From week 1  3 2019, a total of ten samples were recruited and all were Influenza like illness  ( ILI ) . These samples are currently undergoing Laboratory testing process.7.2 A total of 403 samples were received and 396 samples were processed. Of the processed samples, 356 ( 89.8% )  were ILI cases, 40  ( 10.1% )  were Severe Acute Respiratory Infection  ( SARI ) . 7.3 Of the 356 processed ILI samples, 39  ( 11.0% )  were positive for Influenza A; 33 ( 9.3% )  were positive for Influenza B and 284  ( 79.9% )  were negative. 7.4 Out of the processed 40 SARI samples, 7  ( 17.5% )  were positive for Influenza A, 2  ( 5.0% )  were positive for Influenza B, while the remaining 31  ( 77.5% )  were negative. 7.5 Of the 396 processed samples, 81  ( 21.8% )  were positive for Influenza, with 46  ( 56.8% )  of these positive for Influenza A and 35  ( 43.2% )  positive for Influenza B. 7.6 The subtypes A seasonal H3, 2009A/H1N1 and A/not subtyped account for 8 ( 17.4% ) , 28  ( 60.9% )  and 10  ( 21.7% )  of the total influenza A positive samples respectively. 7.7 The subtypes B VICTORIA, B Not subtyped and B Yamagata account for 24 ( 70.6% ) , 8 ( 20.6% )  and 3 ( 8.8% )  of the total influenza B positive samples respectively 7.8 The percentage of influenza positive was highest  ( 100.0% )  in week 43, 2018
The demographic composiƟon of IDPs in urban areas consist of 55.5 per cent female and 44.5 per cent male, while rural areas observed a composiƟon of 55.3 per cent female and 44.7 per cent male. Within the urban context, 61.9 per cent of IDPs are living in host communiƟes and 38.1 per cent are living in camps. ComparaƟvely, 54.4 per cent of IDPs are living in rural host communiƟes with the remaining 45.6 per cent living in rural camps
In the reporting week 36, no new health care worker was affected. A total of nineteen health care workers have been infected since the onset of the outbreak in ten States – Edo  ( 6 ) , Ondo  ( 4 ) , Ebonyi  ( 2 ) , Enugu  ( 1 ) , Rivers  ( 1 ) , Bauchi  ( 1 ) , Benue  ( 1 ) , Delta  ( 1 ) , Plateau  ( 1 )  and Kebbi  ( 1 )  with two deaths in Enugu and Edo States.  Thirteen  ( 13 )  patients are currently being managed at various treatment centres across the country: Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital ( ISTH )  treatment Centre  ( 6 )  and Federal Medical Centre, Owo  ( 7 ) .
The security situation remains volatile, with a significant impact on humanitarian access. Four LGAs remain completely inaccessible  ( Abadam, Guzamala, Kukawa, and Marte )  to humanitarian actors while access to Kala Balge LGA  ( Rann )  remains severely constrained. UNICEF has only been able to conduct a limited number of day trips to Rann  ( Kala Balge LGA ) , where the nutritional situation of children appears to be deteriorating. A rapid MUAC  ( middle upper arm circumference )  screening of children under five by community mobilizers revealed that 263 out of 460 children screened were suffering from severe acute malnutrition  ( SAM ) . Acute needs have also been identified by other sectors, including WASH, shelter/NFI and food security.
In the reporting week 36  ( 2 nd – 8 th September, 2019 )  nine new confirmed cases were reported from Ondo ( 6 )  and Edo ( 3 )  states, no new death reported  From 1st January to 8th September, 2019, a total of 3697 suspected cases have been reported from 24 states. Of these, 687 were confirmed positive, 18 probable and 2978 negative  ( not a case )   Since the onset of the 2019 outbreak, there have been 147 deaths in confirmed cases. Case fatality ratio in confirmed cases is 21.4% .
Twenty two  ( 24 )  States  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, FCT, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta, Oyo, Kebbi, Cross River, Zamfara, Lagos and Abia )  have recorded at least one confirmed case across 83 Local Government Areas .  93% of all confirmed cases are from Edo  ( 37% ) , Ondo  ( 30% ) , Ebonyi  ( 7% ) , Bauchi  ( 7% ) , Taraba ( 6% )  and Plateau  ( 5% )  states.  Predominant age group affected is 21 40 years  ( Range: >1 month to 98 years, Median Age: 34 years )    Figure 6  The male to female ratio for confirmed cases is 1:1.
Food: In September, households in Delta, Kebbi, and Kogi states faced only minimal food insecurity  ( IPC Phase 1 )  and there are no reports of current food shortages in these states, though it is likely that flood displaced people will require food assistance  ( FEWS NET 09/2019 ) . Due to loss of livestock and crops, food needs among communities depending on agriculture may remain once the floods have subsided. Households in conflict affected Borno state, however, faced Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 )  and Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  food security outcomes in September  ( FEWS NET 09/2019 ) . As of July 2019, over 2 million people in Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe states have received food assistance  ( OCHA 08/2019 ) . In camps covered by CCCM, food gaps existed as of 4 October  ( CCCM MST report 3 04/10/2019 ) .
Years of conflict perpetuated by Boko Haram and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria West Africa have triggered a humanitarian crisis in Nigeria and surrounding countries in the Lake Chad Basin, including areas of Cameroon, Chad, and Niger. The violence including deliberate attacks on civilians and relief workers has displaced an estimated 2.4 million people; hindered agricultural production, livelihoods, and cross border trade; prevented delivery of humanitarian assistance; and restricted affected populations from accessing basic services in the four countries.
Boko Haram has killed at least 60 people in a "devastating" attack on the north eastern Nigerian border town of Rann, Amnesty International said on Friday, calling it one of the deadliest assaults by the extremist group in its nearly decade long insurgency. Fighters on motorcycles drove through the town near the Cameroon border on Monday morning, setting houses on fire and killing people left behind, the international rights group said in a series of Twitter posts. The fighters also chased residents fleeing the "massive attack" and killed several outside town. Amnesty published satellite imagery that it said showed "hundreds of burned structures". Many likely served as shelters for displaced people who had arrived in recent months seeking protection. Most of Rann is "now destroyed", the group said.
October 13: The Nigerian Air Force killed "scores"  ( estimated at forty )  Boko Haram militants in Bama, Borno. October 13: Sectarian violence led to three deaths in Guri, Kirikasama, and Kiyawa LGAs in Jigawa. October 13–14: Four were killed in a cult clash in Etche, Rivers. October 14: Gunmen killed two and abducted three children in Kwali, FCT. October 14: Kidnappers abducted two children in Aniocha North, Delta.
An Amnesty International research team visited Maiduguri earlier this month to investigate claims made by inmate Charles Okah – first documented by Sahara Reporters – that children were being abused and unlawfully detained in Maiduguri Prison.Okah alleged that three children detained on death row in Maiduguri were among the many victims of sexual abuse.
Borno state remains prone to attacks from non state armed groups, with sporadic attacks in Adamawa and Yobe States. In June 2019, there was an increase in attacks targeting the Nigerian armed forces and Special Forces, as well as civilians' farmland to loot food commodities in advance of the lean season when access to food is limited.
There are 1.9 million internally displaced persons  ( IDPs )  reported to be in Nigeria  ( IOM/DTM Round 27 ) , of which the majority are in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe States. As per the June 2019 Cadre Harmonisé  ( CH )  report, the number of people in need of food assistance in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe States, is around 3 million  (  June to August 2019: Level 3 4 )  showing a deterioration of the food security situation with 1.7 m in Borno, 945,000 in Yobe and 278,000 in Adamawa attributable to conflict, displacement and influx of new arrivals.
In North East Nigeria, 39 attacks by Non State Armed Groups  ( NSAGs )  were reported in Borno and Yobe states in January 2019. Perpetrators targeted both civilian and military infrastructure leading to the general deterioration of the security situation in the region. The escalating attacks by Boko Haram militants have strained humanitarian operations and forced aid workers to pull out from some locations.  Some 9,000 individuals fled the city of Rann after a Boko Haram attack on 14 January left at least fourteen people dead. Militants attacked the town once again on 18 January, killing ten people and burning buildings after looting medical supplies and food. On 26 27 January, an upsurge in violence has driven civilians to seek refuge in already crowded camps or in towns in Borno State, where they are surviving in tough living conditions. Rann has been inaccessible to humanitarians since the attacks in mid January.  Between November 2018 and 31 January 2019, over 80,000 Nigerians have been internally displaced due to attacks by Boko Haram and ISIS related armed groups
High risk of epidemic outbreaks especially cholera, meningitis, measles, yellow fever. The northeast region is highly endemic for malaria and cholera.  Unpredictable security situation hampers movements of health workers, drugs and other medical supplies.  Although health situation is improving under the NE Nigeria Health Sector 2019 Strategy, the health service delivery continues to be hampered by the breakdown of health facilities infrastructure.  There is a serious shortage of skilled health care workers, particularly doctors, nurses and midwives, with many remaining reluctant to work inaccessible areas because of ongoing armed conflict.  Continuous population displacements and influx of returnees and/or refugees disrupt and further challenges the health programs implementation.  Access to secondary health care and referral services in remote areas is significantly limited.  Unavailability of network coverage in the newly liberated areas negatively affects timely submission of health data for prompt decision making
Since 2009, northeastern Nigeria has been hit by a violent conflict which have led to continued large scale displacements, disruption of basic services, food insecurity, malnutrition, and protection issues. As a matter of fact, the extreme violence caused by non state armed groups  ( NSAGs )  has resulted in the forced displacement of several millions of civilians from their homes and total loss of their livelihoods. Agricultural livelihoods have been devastated through the destruction of irrigation and farming facilities, the loss of livestock and reduced access to fishing grounds, the collapse of extension services. The value chain for crops, livestock and fisheries has been also severely disrupted as a consequence of the conflict. Additionally, looting and fear of attacks have prevented farmers from working in their fields, leading to reduced harvests, loss of productive assets and extremely reduced purchasing power
Poor drainage limits living space, stagnates living conditions and poses general risks to health and well being. Flood prone areas should be avoided, as it compromises safety, “particularly in congested or confined spaces'x . Poor drainage around sanitation facilities increases risk of diarrhoeal diseases and poses a threat to public health.
3.1 Seven suspected cases of cholera were reported from two LGAs in two states  ( Enugu – 1 & Kano – 6 )  in week 5, 2019 compared with 15 suspected cases and two deaths  ( CFR, 13.3% )  were reported from two LGAs in two States during the same period in 2018  ( Figure 2 ) . 3.2 Between weeks 1 and 5  ( 2019 ) , 64 suspected cholera cases with one laboratory confirmed and six deaths  ( CFR, 9.38% )  from eight LGAs  ( six States )  were reported compared with 447 suspected cases and 22 deaths  ( CFR, 4.92% )  from 36 LGAs in ten States during the same period in 2018.
In the reporting week ending February 3, 2019: o There were 164 new cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis  ( AFP )  reported. None was confirmed as polio. The last reported case of polio in Nigeria was in August 2016. Active case search for AFP is being intensified with the goal to eliminate polio in Nigeria o There were seven suspected cases of cholera reported from two LGAs in two States  ( Enugu – 1 & Kano – 6 ) . There was no laboratory confirmed case and no death recorded. o There were 198 suspected cases of Lassa fever reported from 37 LGAs in 18 States  ( Edo – 66, Ebonyi – 3, Ondo – 45, Bauchi  28, Plateau – 12, Adamawa – 1, Imo  3, Rivers – 1, Kwara – 2, Gombe – 5, Kaduna – 10, Kogi – 1, Enugu – 9, Delta – 7, Borno – 1, Nasarawa – 1, Oyo – 2 & Rivers   1 ) . 68 were laboratory confirmed and 14 deaths were recorded. o There were 22 suspected cases of Cerebrospinal Meningitis  ( CSM )  reported from 14 LGAs in six States  ( Borno – 2, Jigawa – 1, Katsina – 11, Sokoto – 1, Yobe   2 & Zamfara – 5 ) . Of these, none was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded.o There were 766 suspected cases of measles reported from 33 States. Two were laboratory confirmed and one death was recorded.
Shelter/CCCM/NFI A deeply concerning gap is the insufficient number of shelters to accommodate the mass influx of new arrivals. 6,242 households are in need of shelter solutions; of these 1,400 households are currently sleeping in the open on mats. A majority of new arrivals are staying in temporary shelters made of straw mats, scarfs or blankets, bamboo, and plastic sheeting. The families that have received a more permanent shelters are commonly sharing their living space with up to 12 people in a 12 meter square space in extremely overcrowded conditions. 1,070 households are in need of full NFI kits and 2,498 people are in need of kitchen sets.
4 LASSA FEVER 4.1 In the reporting Week 6  ( 4 – 10 February, 2019 ) , thirty seven new confirmed I cases were reported from Edo  ( 10 ) , Ondo  ( 12 ) , Ebonyi  ( 4 ) , Plateau  ( 4 ) , Taraba  ( 3 ) , Benue  ( 1 ) , Gombe  ( 1 ) , Rivers  ( 1 )  and Kebbi  ( 1 )  States with ten new deaths in Edo  ( 2 ) , Ondo  ( 2 ) , Ebonyi  ( 4 )  and Plateau  ( 2 )  States. 4.2 From 1st January – 10th February 2019, a total of 947 suspectedi cases have been reported from 20 States. Of these, 324 were confirmed positive, 3 probable and 620 negatives  ( not a case )  4.3 Since the onset of the 2019 outbreak, there have been 67 deaths among confirmed cases. Case Fatality Rate in confirmed cases is 21.3% 4.4 Twenty states have recorded at least one confirmed case across 54 LGAs  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, FCT, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta, Oyo & Kebbi )  and remain active.
7.1 From week 1  7 2019, a total of 55 samples were recruited, of which 54 were Influenza like illness  ( ILI )  and one was Severe Acute Respiratory Infection  ( SARI )  . 7.2 A total of 55 samples were received and all samples were processed. Of the processed samples, 54 ( 98.2% )  were ILI cases and 1  ( 1.8% )  was Severe Acute Respiratory Infection  ( SARI ) . 7.3 Of the 54 processed ILI samples, 4  ( 7.4% )  were positive for Influenza A; 1 ( 1.9% )  was positive for Influenza B and 49  ( 90.7% )  were negative.7.4 The processed SARI sample was negative for both Influenza A and B. 7.5 Of the 54 processed samples, five  ( 9.1% )  were positive for Influenza, with four  ( 80.0% )  of these positive for Influenza A and one  ( 20.0% )  positive for Influenza B. 7.6 The subtypes A seasonal H3, 2009A/H1N1 and A/not subtyped account for four  ( 100.0% ) , 0  ( 0.0% )  and 0  ( 0.0% )  of the total influenza A positive samples respectively.7.7 The subtypes B VICTORIA, B Not subtyped and B Yamagata account for 0 ( 0.0% ) , one ( 100.0% )  and 0 ( 0.0% )  of the total influenza B positive samples respectively 7.8 The percentage of influenza positive was highest  ( 75.0% )  in week 7, 201
 January 2015: A year after it was built, Teachers Village was turned into a camp for internally displaced persons fleeing from conflict.  October 2018: Total camp population – 8,605 individuals.  12 November – 24 December 2018: An increase in hostilities in Kukawa LGA of Borno State triggered a steady stream of new arrivals into Teachers Village. 1,400 new arrivals were registered in Teachers Village during this six week period.  26 December 2018: Non state armed groups  ( NSAGs )  launched an attack against the Nigerian military in Baga town of Kukawa LGA in northern Borno State, near the shores of Lake Chad. NSAGs temporarily captured Baga town and symbolically raised their flag. NSAGs allowed the people of Baga to freely leave the town. A majority of Baga's civilians fled by foot to Monguno town in Monguno LGA with no shelter and limited materials to survive.  28 December 2018: NSAGs attempted subsequent attacks on Monguno town in Monguno LGA. Tens of thousands of civilians, many of whom had just reached Monguno from Baga town, fled by foot or in vehicles onwards to Maiduguri, the capital of Borno State, reaching IDP camps within greater Maiduguri including Teachers Village.
Meanwhile, security in the region remains unstable with recurrent and surging attacks from Boko Haram elements, including killings, abductions and destruction of livelihood and infrastructure. On 28 January, thirty houses were burnt, as well as cereal fields and household properties in the locality of Zheleved. At the end of January, 325 incidents of violence have been reported.  An estimated 6,000 refugees have sought safety in Chad as they fled Nigeria's restive Borno State since 26 December, when clashes erupted between Nigerian government forces and non state armed groups in Baga town, near the Chadian border.  In Niger, there has been a resurgence of organized crimes, circulation of arms and increased terrorist attacks. The last week of January was marked by 2 abductions and 15 killings. On 28 January, armed individuals attacked a pepper production site in Gamgara. Four civilians were killed and three were wounded. Attackers destroyed and burnt 3 vehicles, 480 pepper bags, 7 shops, and 5 motor pumps.
November 27: Boko Haram killed one in Tarmuwa, Yobe. November 27: The Nigerian Air Force killed thirty Boko Haram militants in Gwoza, Borno.
In the reporting Week 05  ( January 28  February 03, 2019 )  sixty eight new confirmedi cases were reported from Edo ( 20 ) , Ondo ( 22 ) , Ebonyi ( 7 ) , Bauchi ( 4 ) , Plateau ( 4 ) , Nasarawa ( 1 ) , Taraba ( 3 ) , Benue ( 1 ) , Kaduna ( 1 ) , Kwara ( 1 ) , Oyo ( 2 ) , Delta ( 1 ) , and Rivers ( 1 )  States with fourteen new deaths in Edo ( 2 ) , Ondo ( 1 ) ,Rivers ( 1 )  Plateau ( 2 ) , Oyo ( 1 ) , Ebonyi ( 4  ) , Enugu ( 1 ) , Taraba ( 1 )  and Nasarawa ( 1 )   From 1st to 3 rd February 2019, a total of 731 suspectedi cases have been reported from 19 States. Of these, 275 were confirmed positive, 3 probable and 453 negative  ( not a case )   Since the onset of the 2019 outbreak,there have been 57 deaths in confirmed cases. Case fatality rate in confirmed cases is 20.7%  Nineteen States  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, FCT, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta and Oyo )  have recorded at least one confirmed case across 51 Local Government Areas
July 26, 2019, marks ten years since the first attack was launched by Boko Haram. 1.8 million Nigerians are currently displaced across the three states that form Northeastern Nigeria, and another 226,000 across the border in Cameroon. More than 7.1 million people rely on humanitarian assistance to survive in northeast Nigeria. Nearly 2 million people are displaced in north eastern states of Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe. 80 per cent of displaced persons are located in Borno state. The violence and suffering in Borno State, the main region impacted by the insurgency, made international headlines in April 2014 when 276 schoolgirls were kidnapped in the town of Chibok and resulted in the #BringBackOurGirls social media movement. Since then, many more women children have been kidnapped.
Since the onset of the 2019 outbreak, there have been 139 deaths in confirmed cases. Case fatality ratio in confirmed cases is 22.6%  Twenty two  ( 22 )  States  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, FCT, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta, Oyo, Kebbi, Cross River and Zamfara )  have recorded at least one confirmed case across 83 Local Government Areas.
In the reporting week 27, no new health care worker was affected. A total of eighteen health care workers have been infected since the onset of the outbreak in nine States – Edo  ( 7 ) , Ondo  ( 3 ) , Ebonyi  ( 2 ) , Enugu  ( 1 ) , Rivers  ( 1 ) , Bauchi  ( 1 )  Benue  ( 1 ) , Plateau  ( 1 )  and Kebbi ( 1 )  with two deaths in Enugu and Edo States  Eleven  ( 11 )  patients are currently being managed at various treatment centres across the country: Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital ( ISTH )  treatment Centre  ( 6 ) , Federal Medical Centre, Owo  ( 4 )  and Kebbi ( 1 )
There were 87 suspected cases of Lassa Fever  ( LF )  reported from 12 LGAs in 10 states  ( Edo – 55, Ondo – 13, Bauchi – 4, Plateau – 3, Adamawa – 1, Gombe – 1, Delta – 5, Oyo – 1, Lagos – 1 & Abia   3 ) . There were five confirmed cases and no death was recorded.
The International Committee of the Red Cross  ( ICRC )  condemns in the strongest terms the tragic killing of an abducted member of the Action Against Hunger team. The ICRC is appealing to their abductors to immediately release the remaining members of the team. "We are devastated by this tragic outcome. Our thoughts are with the families, friends, and colleagues of Action Against Hunger at this incredibly difficult time," said Eloi Fillion, the head of the ICRC delegation in Nigeria. "We urge those still holding the members of the humanitarian mission who were kidnapped in July: release them. They are not part of the fight. They are humanitarian workers and health professionals," said Fillion. "Nothing can justify doing any harm to them."
Incessant rains have led to the displacement of some residents of Asheikri, Kawuri, Hausari, Ma'anna/Dagambi, Balle/Gallaba/Melari and Gumsa wards in the Geidam Local Government Area  ( LGA )  of the northeastern State of Yobe. An estimated 318 houses have been damaged, affecting 2,802 individuals  ( 431 households ) . Asheikri, Kawuri and Hausari were the most affected wards, hosting a combined 1,716 individuals  ( 61% )  of the displaced individuals. Most of the affected are women  ( 549 or 20% ) , and children  ( 1,693 or 60% ) . Six per cent  ( 168 individuals )  are elderly, with men accounting for the rest  ( 392 or 14% ) . Over 87 per cent of the displaced population have taken refuge with community leaders, religious leaders, families and friends. But 13 per cent of the displaced population are currently living in open spaces without shelter. The displaced persons are in dire need of shelter, food items and Non Food Items  ( NFI ) .
A key problem is the government's overreliance on shelters, as opposed to community based services, as the primary means of promoting safety and providing services to survivors. In fact, the Nigerian authorities are actually detaining trafficking survivors in shelters, not allowing them to leave at will, in violation of Nigeria's international legal obligations. The detentions overwhelmingly affect women and girls, and put their recovery and well being at risk. Some survivors in the NAPTIP shelters complained about not being able to receive visitors or contact their families, not having clear information about when they would reunite with their families, monotonous daily schedules, or boredom from doing nothing.
However, despite the country's huge natural, and considerable human resources, it also faces serious economic and social challenges, including low literacy levels, and lack of access to education, high rates of unemployment, endemic corruption, exclusion and inequality among social groups, including gender inequality. Ongoing conflict in the northeast with the insurgent group Boko Haram, as well as violent communal clashes in five north central states, among other issues, have led to displacement that has exacerbated women's and girls' vulnerability to trafficking and exploitation by increasing economic desperation, weakening the rule of law, decreasing the availability of social services and family support, leading to displacement.
According to a 2017 government survey: • Only 57 percent of children below 5 years have their birth registered with a civil authority. • One third of children of school entry age are enrolled in first grade of primary school. Three in five children of primary school age and two in five secondary school age children are currently attending school. About a quarter of children do not complete primary education, and only about one in two children transition to secondary school with more boys than girls transitioning. • One in two children are involved in child labor, while 39 percent are working in hazardous conditions. • About 85 percent of children ages 1 14 were subjected to at least one form of violent discipline.
Women and girls in camps for IDPs in northern Nigeria lack adequate food and face severe protection problems, including widespread sexual abuse and exploitation. Human Rights Watch has documented sexual abuse of women and girls living in seven IDP camps in Maiduguri in northern Nigeria. Government officials managing the camps are alleged to be complicit in these activities. The 2018 TIP Report noted that, “there were … reports that camp officials and members of security forces, including some individual Nigerian military personnel, used fraudulent or forced marriages to exploit girls in sex trafficking and new reports that the Nigerian military, CJTF  [ the Civilian Joint Task Force ] , and other camp officials fraudulently recruited female IDPs for jobs outside of IDP camps but transported them to military barracks for sexual exploitation by Nigerian military personnel.
Out of the four thousand and eighty five  ( 4,085 )  beneficiaries, 1,861  ( 46% )  accessed Psychosocial Support services  ( PSS ) , 1,697  ( 42% )  accessed Family Tracing and Reunification  ( FTR )  services, 1,630  ( 40% )  benefitted from Access to Learning/Education services, 1,176  ( 29% )  benefitted from Alternative Care services, 535  ( 13% )  benefitted from Livelihood support services, 388  ( 9% )  benefitted from Vocational/Skills Training, 190  ( 5% )  were beneficiaries of Employment services, 122  ( 3% )  were beneficiaries of Business Management Skills support services, 66  ( 2% )  benefitted from Functional Literacy and Numeracy support services, and 25  ( 1% )  were beneficiaries of other types of services
Due to the nature of the crisis in Northeast Nigeria, often, several risk factors co occur, creating multiple vulnerabilities in affected children who may then require multiple services or interventions to improve their condition and resilience. Results from the caseload verification showed that more than half, fifty one per cent  ( 51% )  of the verified caseload accessed more than one type of child protection service over a period of six months, indicating the importance of integrated services and efficient case referrals. Forty nine per cent  ( 49% )  of the caseload accessed only one type of CP service in a period of six months.
As more people become displaced due to ongoing conflict, northeast Nigeria remains in a humanitarian crisis stemming from the threats made by Boko Haram. A lack of state presence has allowed criminal networks to operate freely for decades, however since the emergence of the Islamist militia nine years ago there have been countless insurgencies, forcing households to leave their homes and relocate to camps and host communities for IDPs. More recently, this displacement has been exacerbated by clashes between semi nomadic cattle herders, mostly of Fulani ethnicity, and sedentary farmers.The Fulani herdsmen have historically grazed their cattle in the area of the Lake Chad basin however the landlocked lake has shrunk from 22,000 square kilometres in the 1960s to fewer than 1,500 today due to changing climate patterns. This has forced the herdsmen to migrate southwards, triggering disputes with farmers. It has also been observed that religion has played a part in the conflict between the herdsmen and the farmers, as the former are predominantly Muslim, whilst the latter are Christian
 The relentless Boko Haram insurgency continues to displace thousands in the northeast of Nigeria. On the 29th January, the UN claimed that the threat displaced 30,000 people alone in the town of Rann. Other reports claim four people have been killed and two abducted in Borno State, with 8 soldiers confirmed dead in Yobe state. It is estimated 15,000 people have attempted to escape to Cameroon and Chad.  In December, the army targeted Amnesty International and UNICEF, among other humanitarian aid agencies and journalists, accusing them of training “spies' to support Boko Haram insurgents. The military claimed that UNICEF had held workshops in Maiduguri training people for “clandestine' activities that were “sabotaging' counterterrorism efforts. The ban has since been lifted.
When the conflict broke out, health workers were killed, and others fled. In September and October 2018, Boko Haram executed two health workers after holding them hostage for several months; one remains in captivity. 32 Most health workers are unwilling to work in areas where the security situation is volatile. In Borno State, most health structures outside of the capital Maiduguri do not have Ministry of Health staff and are either empty, supported by NGO staff, or staffed by community health workers, who generally have less technical skill and expertise. Even where Ministry of Health staff are present, staff turnover is high, salaries are low, and payments are delayed, resulting in low commitment among workers and constant ruptures of services.
Ongoing armed conflict also increases the security risk for all actors operating in Nigeria's northeast, particularly in Borno State. Despite recent claims by the Nigerian government that Boko Haram has been defeated, violence continues. 35 Reports have highlighted the challenges the Nigerian military is facing in its battle against Boko Haram, and the situation remains unpredictable. 36 There are still ongoing hostilities, threats of attacks by armed groups, violence against civilians, remnants of explosives, and improvised explosive devices. 37 Insecurity and violence continue to cause internal displacement
Insecurity also hinders the movement of humanitarian and health actors, makes transporting commodities challenging, and keeps large areas and populations out of reach. All interviewees stressed the challenge for humanitarian and health actors of accessing some parts of Borno State. Much of the territory remains under the control of non state armed groups, and the government prohibits access to those areas, limiting humanitarian and health actors to working in military controlled enclaves. There is little information on the needs of the people living outside of these enclaves, although information collected from displaced populations suggests many are in dire need of aid. Given the absence of Ministry of Health staff or humanitarian actors in those areas, there is little, if any, access to health services.
During this period, nutrition screening using mid upper arm circumference  ( MUAC )  and signs of Oedema was conducted by Sector partners for 3,567 children: The MUAC reading for 106 children  ( 36 from inaccessible areas and 70 from accessible areas )  was in the Red category  ( signifying severe malnutrition ) , 278 were in the Yellow category  ( signifying moderate acute malnutrition )  and 3,183 were measured in the Green category. 735 of the children screened were from neighboring countries of which 26 were measured in the Red category, 48 in the Yellow category and 661 were measured in the Green category. All children found with severe acute malnutrition were admitted into treatment programs.
November 10: A communal clash resulted in one death in mainland Lagos. November 11: Gunmen killed two policemen in Ogbia, Bayelsa.