nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
[ 30 June 2021, Bangladesh ]  1.6 The Supreme Court of Bangladesh will issue necessary directions regarding the courts; 1.7 Bangladesh Bank will issue necessary instructions to ensure banking services; 1.8 Law and order and emergency services, such as agricultural products and materials  ( fertilizers, seeds, pesticides, agricultural machinery, etc. ) , transportation of food grains and foodstuffs, relief distribution, health care, Covid 19 vaccination, revenue collection activities, electricity, water, Gas / Energy, Fire Service, Telephone & Internet  ( Public   Private ) , Media  ( Print & Electronic Media ) , Private Security, Postal Services, Banks, Pharmacies & Pharmaceuticals and other Essential / Essential Products and Services will be able to travel and be subject to display of institutional identity card
[ 27 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  However, the most common restriction cited was on the movement of women and girls during menstruation. Women most commonly shared they were prohibited from touching boys or men, sleeping in the same bed as their husbands and refraining from intercourse. Many reported not leaving their shelters during the 7 day period or talk to others outside the family. This is perhaps most relevant for the response to consider as menstruating women and girls will face even greater mobility restrictions that limit their engagement and access to public services. This further highlights the need for humanitarian services to engage women and girls within their localities and create ongoing trusting relationships as much as possible in order to maximize their reach and inclusion of women and girls.
[ 22 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Water and wind erosion rates may increase due to decreased water infiltration and increased surface run off, thus increasing the risk of landslides. In addition to the fire itself, the humanitarian response can contribute to environmental degradation. Pollution stemming from emergency food distributions and the loss of sanitation and hygiene facilities, such as latrines and waste collection points, can have long term adverse effects on the environment both in the affected area and downstream. Therefore, quantifying the impact of a fire on the environment is critical to identify solutions to rehabilitate the ecosystem services and improve the living conditions within the camps.
[ 22 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Figure 8 depicts the change in vegetation cover following the fire overlaid on a hydrodynamic flood model10 and a landslide risked shelter density layer.11 Lost vegetation in flood prone and landslide exposed areas indicates an increased risk of those hazards. Lost vegetation is shown in pale green and the dark green represents the post fire vegetation in the affected camps. The vegetation extent from pre fire was extracted from a 1.34 m WV3. Post fire, it was extracted from a 0.50 m Pleiades  ( Airbus Foundation )  image. With the pre fire image, a supervised classification was carried out to identify all areas of vegetation coverage within the assessed area. Manual checks and corrections also took place, based on visible vegetation in 30 cm resolution drone imagery. The pre fire and post fire vegetation extents were compared to map out the lost and existing vegetation in the affected area.
[ 22 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Before the March rains, the turbidity level in the water sample of Madhuchara primary stream was high. However, after the rainfall there was a drop in turbidity in the water sample of Balukhali outlet indicating that the load of total solids generated from the fire incident, specifically from Camp 9, had already been washed out from the assessment area.16 This is likely to be why the turbidity of the very downstream point in the Madhuchara primary canal came out to be higher than November and December levels. Turbidity detected in the water during the assessment period is residual and expected to eventually washout to the downstream with the next heavy rainfall. High turbidity reduces sunlight, thus resulting in reduced rates of photosynthesis of submerged vegetation. Aquatic plants fix carbon dioxide and release oxygen; thus, reduced vegetation growth also contributed to lower DO concentrations.
[ July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  There was a total of nine murders including four Bangladeshi females and two Rohingya males this month. The first two weeks of the month saw four deaths including two Rohingyas
[ 27 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Packaging: All participants preferred their MHM kits to be packaged in buckets for several reasons. Firstly, MHM kits that were packaged in fabric bags were reportedly eaten by mice or used by men to carry their things, a fact which is easily con_x001f_rmed by the many men frequently seen using MHM bags in markets and throughout the camp. Secondly, fabric bags and other packaging methods that show the kits contents were less preferred because women and girls, often younger ones, felt ashamed to be seen carrying these materials back to their shelters from distribution points. Buckets with lids are preferred because they hide the contents of the kit and also help in disposing of or storing dirty pads until they can be washed.
[ 27 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Where Do Women & Girls Get Information about Menstruation and Puberty?: Most of the participants reported that they received some information about menstruation when they were girls, most of the time from other female family members such as aunts, sisters, mothers, and grandmothers. Sometimes neighbors close to the girl's family would provide this information. From this, it is notable that menstruation is clearly a subject that is discussed between women and girls within close family circles. Facilitators also re ected the importance of building relationships and trust with women prior to these discussions as a result – because these topics are not discussed and shared between women who also do not know each other. Within MHM programming, it is important therefore to structure community engagement and hygiene promotion sessions that allow for relationships and rapport to be developed prior to introducing or discussing menstrual hygiene.
[ 27 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Most participants practiced some form of menstrual restriction, though the extent and nature of the restriction varied between people. Many of the menstrual restrictions practiced within Rohingya society are quite commonplace within South Asia and relate to Hindu religious views of menstruation as something that is impure, and that requires women to isolate themselves from things considered ritually pure, such as kitchens, food, and male relatives. As a result of these historical in uences, most of Rohingya people today think menstruation is something that is dirty or impure that requires them to avoid contacting others
[ 27 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  During workshops, unmarried women in particular referred to menstruation as a form of punishment because of the pain women undergo while menstruating. Other women reported that menstruating women are physically and spiritually weak or vulnerable. This and other research have found that a menstruating woman or girl is susceptible to djinn possession or is a risk of su ering from excess vaginal bleeding or discharge that might kill her. Again, it is important to note that there are many di erent variations and practices related to menstruation unevenly distributed and practiced by Rohingya women – not all of them negative, such as the celebration of menarche.
[ 27 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Frequency: The frequency at which MHM kits are provided was reported as insu_x001a_cient in all groups. Women and girls shared that they were now received roughly every 5 6 months whereas previously they were receiving them more frequently. They noted that this means that some of the materials, such as soap, were used long before they received another kit. Pads and underwear were reported to deteriorate quickly and better quality materials lasted longer and were su_x001a_cient to meet their needs, whereas many of the materials, like underwear and pads, had to be thrown out after a few uses. Women requested more monthly distribution or at the very least, once every quarter
[ 27 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Distribution modalities: Participants noted a variety of distribution modalities across the response. Some actors are providing the MHM kits in the sub blocks directly to all women and girls of menstruating age. Others require women and girls to travel to distribution points, such as LPG service points, to collect their MHM kits. All women and girls across all age groups preferred and requested that the MHM kits be given directly to each women or girl in their sub blocks. If that is not possible, the second preference was any other sub block based distribution modality, such as providing the MHM kits to male heads of household or Mazis, or distribution through Women and Girls Friendly Spaces, which women and girls noted were not available in all areas.
[ 27 May, 2021, Bangladesh ]  Refugees: Shifts in government authority and lines of responsibility from the national level to the camp level are also creating new obstacles for humanitarian workers. Visa and project approvals have become increasingly difficult to obtain. Humanitarian officials have fewer clear interlocutors within the government, making it more difficult to address everyday issues that arise within the camps. The Bangladeshi officials that head sections of the camps, the Camps in Charge  ( CiCs )  have gained greater autonomy over project approvals, making it more difficult for humanitarian officials to implement projects across camps
[ 28 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  In the past week  ( epidemiological week 25, 2021 ) , Bangladesh reported 36 738 new cases, a 48.5% increase compared to the week before; the case per 100 000 population per week is 21.6. The country reported 624 new death, a 45.1% increase; death per 100 000 per week is 0.4. The weekly new test is 179 047  ( daily average: 25 578 ) , a 17.3% increase than the week before; tests per 100 000 per week is 105; the weekly average test positivity rate  ( TPR )  is 20.5%, TPR increased by 26.5% from last week. Overall Case Fatality Ratio  ( CFR )  is 1.6% which was 1.59% last week.
[ 28 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  In the epi week 25, all divisions experienced an increment of weekly new cases; the highest increase observed in the Barishal division, 118.3%  ( 738 this week and 338 in the week before ) , followed by the Dhaka division 76.9%  ( 8 215 and 14 535 respectively ) , Mymensingh division 71.6%  ( 633 and 1 086 respectively ) , Rangpur division 67.8%  ( 2 682 and 1 598 respectively ) , Chattogram division 40.7%  ( 4 127 and 2 933 respectively ) , Sylhet division 33.5%  ( 813 and 609 respectively ) , Khulna division 31.7%  ( 7 135 and 5 418 respectively )  and Rajshahi division 12.4%  ( 5 622 and 5 002 respectively ) . The Dhaka division reported the highest number of new cases  ( 14 535 ) , 34 new cases per 100 000/week with an increase of 76.9% of weekly cases; and the Barishal division reported the lowest number  ( 738 )  of new cases, 7 new cases per 100 000/week. Out of the 888 406 COVID 19 cases registered as of 27 June 2021, 90.5%  ( 804 103 )  recovered, 7.9%  ( 70 131 )  were active cases, and the remaining died  ( previously mentioned as CFR ) . In epidemiological week 25, the average number of COVID 19 weekly active cases increased by 23.9% compared to the week before  ( 63 959 and 51 641 respectively ) ; during the same time, weekly recovery increased by 30.9%  ( 21 448 in the current week and 16 389 in the week before ) .
[ 28 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Vaccination: Oxford/AstraZeneca  ( COVISHIELD )  2nd dose vaccination has been continuing with remaining balance doses only in very few health facilities in the country. Since the beginning, as of 27 June 2021, a total of 10,105,949 doses of COVISHIELD vaccine were administered, out of which 5 820 015 population received their 1st dose and 4 285 934 competed for their two doses schedule. Sinopharm vaccine  ( BIBP )  vaccination has been continuing from the selected 67 centers in the whole country. As of 27 June 2021, a total of 46 462 target population received 1st jab and 431 finished their two doses schedule. The government has decided to expand the centers in another 41 health facilities in Dhaka North and South City Corporations and some of the sites in the different Districts to expedite the consumption of 1.1 million Sinopharm vaccines. Vaccinators and other related health staff of those facilities will receive training on 29 and 30 June 2021. The first run of COVID 19 Pfizer–BioNTech COVID 19 vaccine has launched in three government hospitals in Dhaka City Corporation on 21 June. Total 240 target population age >40 years of age who registered earlier have received their 1st jab on that day. Government yet to declare the date of the wide inoculation Pfizer vaccine. However, it is decided the Pfizer vaccine will be given from the selective health facilities of Dhaka City Corporation to consume 100,620 doses from the COVAX Facility. Since the beginning, as of 27 June 2021, a total of 10,106,620 doses of COVID 19 vaccines were administered, out of which 5,866,717 population received 1st dose and 4,239,903 completed both the doses schedule.
[ 5 July 2021, Bangladesh ]  In the past week  ( epidemiological week 26, 2021 ) , Bangladesh reported 56 511 new cases, a 53.8% increase compared to the week before; the case per 100 000 population per week is 33.2. The country reported 893 new deaths, a 43.1% increase; death per 100 000 per week is 0.5. The weekly new test is 216 779  ( daily average: 30 968 ) , a 21.1% increase than the week before; tests per 100 000 per week is 127; the weekly average test positivity rate  ( TPR )  is 26.1%, TPR increased by 27.0% from last week. Overall Case Fatality Ratio  ( CFR )  is 1.59% which was 1.60% last week.
[ 5 July 2021, Bangladesh ]  In the epi week 26, all divisions experienced an increment of weekly new cases; the highest increase observed in the Barishal division, 119.4%  ( 1 619 this week and 738 in the week before ) , followed by the Sylhet division 107.4%  ( 1 686 and 813 respectively ) , Dhaka division 80.4%  ( 26 214 and 14 535 respectively ) , Mymensingh division 77.4%  ( 1 927 and 1 086 respectively ) , Chattogram division 57.9%  ( 6 517 and 4 127 respectively ) , Rangpur division 39.0%  ( 3 728 and 2 682 respectively ) , Khulna division 17.7%  ( 8 397 and 7 135 respectively )  and Rajshahi division 14.2%  ( 6 423 and 5 622 respectively ) . The Dhaka division reported the highest number of new cases  ( 26 214 ) , 61 new cases per 100 000/week, and the Barishal division reported the lowest number  ( 1 619 )  of new cases, 16 new cases per 100 000/week. Out of the 944 917 COVID 19 cases registered as of 04 July 2021, 88.3%  ( 833 897 )  recovered, 10.2%  ( 95 955 )  were active cases, and the remaining died  ( previously mentioned as CFR ) . In epidemiological week 26, the average number of COVID 19 weekly active cases increased by 33.9% compared to the week before  ( 85 659 and 63 959 respectively ) ; during the same time, weekly recovery increased by 38.9%  ( 29 794 in the current week and 21 448 in the week before ) .
[ 5 July 2021, Bangladesh ]  As of 04 July 2021, according to the DGHS Press Release, 6 723 560 COVID 19 tests  ( RT PCR 96.0%, GeneXpert 0.9%, and Rapid Antigen 3.1% )  were conducted in the country with an overall positivity rate of 14.05%  ( 28.99% in the last 24 hours )  by 603 laboratories/test centres. So far, 73.0% of the samples  ( 4 910 983 )  have been tested for COVID 19 in government facilities  ( RT PCR 53/128, GeneXpert 45/48, and Rapid Antigen 427/427 ) . During the last week, two  ( 02 )  RT PCR labs  ( Evercare Hospital, Chattogram; and Standard Medical Center, Dhaka City ) , two  ( 02 )  GeneXpert labs  ( Brahmanbaria Chest Disease Clinic, Brahmanbaria; 250 Bed Bongomata Sheikh Fazilatunnessa Mujib General Hospital, Sirajganj ) , and forty five  ( 45 )  Rapid Antigen test centres have been added to the network of COVID 19 testing facilities. As of 04 July 2021, the test per case is 7.1, indicating the number of tests required to identify 1 case.
[ 29thJuly, Cox's Bazar ]  Men, women and children need additional non food items such as clothing, and women and girls are in need of menstrual hygiene kits.
[ 7 21June, Cox's Bazar ]  A camp wise dedicated Contact Tracing  ( CT )  network  ( 34 supervisors and 311 volunteers )  has been embedded in the Rapid Investigation and Response Teams  ( RIRTs )  for COVID 19. A total of 1272 confirmed cases  ( out of 1573 to date )  have been investigated by RIRTs by 20 June 2021, with contact tracing activities being conducted and captured through Go.data, including the 2933 contacts to be followed up. Out of these, 2035  ( 69.3% )  contacts have seen their follow up visits completed and were released from quarantine. 128  ( 6.2% )  tested positive cases during the follow up period. WHO is closely supporting contact tracing through the Camp Health and Disease Surveillance Officers  ( CHDSOs ) .
[ 5 11 July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  As of week 27,  ( 5 11 July 2021 )  there are 2,103 confirmed cases of COVID19  ( SARS CoV 2 ) , 50,846 samples were tested, total positivity rate 4.1%. This week  ( week 27 ) , 249 new confirmed cases detected, 1 298 samples were tested, test positivity was 19.2%. As of this week  ( week 27 )  • Median age of tested and confirmed cases is 11  ( 0 120 )  and 22  ( 0 100 )  years • Female among tested and confirmed cases is 54% and 50% • All 34/34 camps have confirmed cases  ( C2W 132, C3 132, C4 121, C15 121 and C24 121 )  • A total of 22 deaths from COVID 19 with the case fatality rate 1.0% • Cases per million in last 7 days 289.6, change in last 7 days 102%
[ 23rd June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  As seen in table below, the overall weighted GAM prevalence by WHZ among children 6 59 months was 9.3%  [ 7.5 – 11.5 95% C.I. ]  of which 9.9%  [ 7.2   13.5 95% C.I. ]  in Ukhiya and 8.9%  [ 6.8   11.6 95% C.I. ]  in Teknaf Upazila. The overall acute malnutrition situation is in the “Medium' category of public health emergency concern, with an upper confidence interval within 10 14% to the “High' or Serious threshold. The overall weighted SAM prevalence was found to be 0.7 %  [ 0.3   1.4 95% C.I. ] ; with a SAM rate of 0.9%  [ 0.3   2.4 95% C.I. ]  in Ukhiya and 0.5%  [ 0.1   1.9 95% C.I. ]  in Teknaf Upazila. Although the GAM prevalence was found slightly higher in Ukhiya  [ 9.9% ]  compared to Teknaf Upazila  [ 8.9% ]  but no significant difference  [ p=0.608 ]  was observed.
[ 23rd June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  When comparing the prevalence of stunting for younger children  [ 6 23 months ]  vs older children  [ 24 59 months ] ; older children in Ukhiya Upazila had almost significantly higher prevalence of global  [ 16.1% vs 23.3%, P=0.066 ]  and significant for moderate  [ 13.0% vs 20.2%, P=0.047 ]  stunting and vice versa for severe stunting  [ 3.1% vs 2.9%, P=0.916 ]  with no significant difference. Similarly, the stunting prevalence in Teknaf Upazila was found significantly higher among older children for global  [ 18.3% vs 29.2%, P=0.016 ]  and moderate  [ 16.0% vs 25.8%, P=0.025 ]  and insignificantly higher for severe stunting  [ 2.3% vs 3.4%, P=0.509 ] .
[ 5 11 July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Highlights: COVID 19 Contact Tracing ▪ Total 1,695  ( out of 2,103 )  confirmed cases have been investigated by Rapid Investigation and Response Team  ( RIRT, a camp wise CT network, composed of RIRT coordinator, Site Mx representation, CT supervisor, currently camp 34 teams are working with 34 supervisors and over 300 volunteers i.e., contact tracer ) . ▪ Contact tracing has been done by CT supervisors with 3,957 contacts registered for follow up in the Go.Data. ▪ 2,276  ( 57.5% )  contacts successfully completed the follow up. ▪ One hundred seventy five  ( 7.6% )  contacts became tested positive for COVID 19 during the incubation period.
[ 7 June 2021, cox's Bazar ]  Host/Refugee: Since the onset of the outbreak in 2017, Diphtheria surveillance is ongoing in the camps. The total number of diphtheria cases reported is 9278 to date  ( 3016 in 2017; 5330 in 2018; 614 in 2019; 226 in 2020 and 92 as of week 24, 2021 ) . In total, 9033 cases were reported in the camps and 245 from the host community, with 47 deaths registered in the refugee camps and none in the host community. While the first Diphtheria case was detected on 10 November 2017, the first death occurred on 29 December 2017 and the last death on 25 October 2019.
[ 28th April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Women and girls have had to employ various techniques to reduce their risk of social prejudice and maintain their honour and dignity. Common coping mechanisms included: • not using some facilities and/or relying on others to do so on their behalf • substantially reducing the use of a facility or service, including toilets and bathing facilities • sharing clothing and accessing services and facilities collectively • only accessing facilities at specific times to avoid crowds, with the preferred time being at night • selling assistance, borrowing money from neighbours and family, begging for money in their block, going without essential items, and other negative coping mechanisms to earn money to purchase items they need for their family, without having to participate in socially inappropriate IGAs.
[  6th July 2021, Bangladesh ]  Speaking to Dhaka Tribune, Anwarul Islam, Friendship's senior regional manager  ( education ) , said that the parents' mentality towards child marriage had largely changed thanks to the tireless efforts of our field supervisors, teachers, facilitators and other members concerned. “Parents now want their children to stay in school so that they may get the chance to contribute to positive societal change and make  the world a better place.'
[ 9 June, 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Roll out preparedness – Pfizer vaccine Status on vaccine and logistics • Vaccine arrived  31 May 2021, stored in ultracold chain storage at Inst. of Public Health • Syringes – 2 Jun 2021 • Diluent arrived on 8 Jun 2021 • Operational guidelines developed and printing in progress • Capacity building planned shortly • The priority group which is already registered in Surokkha app will be eligible • Vaccination will be only planned in Dhaka considering cold chain storage • 4 health facilities are identified as vaccination Sites • Vaccine roll out planning in process
[ 9 June, 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Sinopharm Vaccine roll out • 500,000 doses of Sinopharm vaccine received from China in the form of donation • Additional 600,000 doses are expected within 8 10 days in the form of donation • Proposed priority population is Govt. & Private Medical & Dental college students, Govt. Nursing students, MATS, IHT and other specific age group • 1 st Run/launch made on 25 May 2021, and 2 days vaccination of Chinese Citizen conducted exclusively on 28 & 29 May 2021 • Trainings conducted for 4 Medical colleges vaccinators on Sinopharm • Medical colleges and in Sadar Hospitals will be the vaccination site for Sinopharm • Guidelines and training package are ready, plans for training in process
[ 19 April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Needs assessments must be inclusive. The ways can be: Engaging persons with disabilities and disability committees in planning and implementation of needs assessment. Include persons with disabilities on assessment teams. Identifying persons with disabilities to participate in the assessment – where possible utilize existing data sources with sex, age and disability disaggregated data. Ensure cross disability representation in needs assessments. Ensuring that the needs assessment includes questions regarding any barriers persons with disabilities may face to access information and services and more…
[ 19 April 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Damage of service facilities, goods, assistive devices and documents of individuals: HI's static point in Camp 9 was burnt • Accessible pathways, WASH facilities, home modifications and assistive devices in the fire affected blocks were found destroyed in 8W and 8E. • In Camp#9, 59% of the people interviewed reported their assistive devices were completely destroyed; and, • 13% of them reported their assistive devices were damaged. • Many people reported they have lost their documents of identification and therefore, they are very anxious about the related administrative difficulties in the near future.
[  6th July 2021, Bangladesh ]   Many girls who are married off before they turn 18 are made to leave school. This deprives these girls of their right to education and future independence. Child brides are also more likely to experience domestic violence. Young girls who are married off are more likely to experience early pregnancy and have children while still physically immature, they are at a higher risk of dying from pregnancy and childbirth complications. And their babies have a reduced chance of survival too, according to the World Health Organization. Child brides who have children may also be psychologically unprepared and ill equipped to become mothers at such a young age.
[ 9 June, 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Health Sector Updates: COVID 19 Restrictions • Flights resumed to Cox's Bazar  ( limited )  • General restrictions public movement extended  ( 16 June )  • COVID 19 Cases in Camps  ( more under Epi portion )  • TPR and positives • COVID 19 Testing • Increase in sentinel sites  ( 33, 5 additional sites in process )  • Ag RDT piloting  ( 3 sentinel sites )  • COVID 19 Vaccination  ( more under IVD portion )  • Halt of first dose vaccinations • Internationals second dose ongoing on appointment basis • Pfizer, Sinopharm vaccines • COVID 19 Case Management • SARI ITC capacity increased to 572, occupancy 57% • Status quo: Institutional care for mild cases
[ 27th June  3rd July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: The district administration implemented the two staged government lockdown stopping public transport from Monday and effectively sealing Cox's Bazar completely off from the rest of the country by the first day of July. On 28 June, it was reported in the Ukhiya News that all the entrances to the Rohingya Camps would have checkpoints. The mobile courts, army and police have been enforcing the lock down restrictions and on the 1 July 172 people in the district were fined for breaking the lock down rules. It was also announced on the 29 June that the local elections which were planned in parts of the district would have to be suspended again.
[ 7 June 2021, cox's Bazar ]  CLINICAL CASE MANAGEMENT: During the reporting period, 2 working group meetings along with 2 case conferences for SARI ITCs and 2 case conferences for ICU were conducted. As of 20 June 2021, there are 12 operational SARI ITCs in the camps with a total of 572 functional beds open and 323 on stand by. The SARI ITC bed ocupancy is currently 55%. At the 250 Bed District Sadar Hospital, the Intensive Care Unit  ( ICU )  has 10 beds while the High Dependency Unit  ( HDU )  has 15 beds and the Severe Care Unit  ( SCU )  13 functional beds. At the moment, 11 beds are occupied with COVID 19 positive patients.
[ 7 June 2021, cox's Bazar ] The median age of tested and confirmed cases was 11  ( 0 120 )  & 22  ( 0 100 )  years, respectively and ratio of females among tested and confirmed cases was 54% and 49%, respectively. Though the median age of tested samples remained below 11 years, a significant proportion has been tested among 50+ years: 638 per 10 000 population, following that of 0 9 years with 790 tests per 10 000 population as highest number. The test positivity was highest 5.5% in 30 39 years age cohort and the age specific mortality 1.9 per 10 000 population observed among 50+ years during the period. In total, and since the outbreak began, 20 deaths due to confirmed COVID 19 have been reported in the camps with a case fatality ratio of 1.3%.
[ 7 June 2021, cox's Bazar ]  Host/Refugee: A total of 16 Rapid Diagnostic Test  ( RDT )  positive cases for Acute Water Diarrhea  ( AWD )  were reported in the reporting period. The total number of cases reported so far is 62 in 2021: 43 from the refugee camps and 19 from host communities. Out of these, 16 were culture confirmed, 35 tested negative by culture and the remaining 11 culture results are awaited. In line with The Multisectoral AWD response plan, for each case a joint Health and WASH investigation takes place and implements household level measures. Areas of focused intervention have been identified, where WASH, Health and Community Engagement activities are undertaken/intensified at sub block level.
[ 7 21June, Cox's Bazar ]  Host/Refugee: To enhance SARI ITC preparedness and respond to the upward trend of cases, the Civil Surgeon office in Cox's Bazar issued a directive to activate the SARI ITC stand by beds. Currently, 567 general isolation beds are functional in 12 Severe Acute Respiratory Infection  ( SARI )  Isolation and Treatment Centers  ( ITCs )  with provision of oxygen to assist both the Rohingya refugee population and the nearby host communities of Cox's Bazar. The bed occupancy of these SARI ITCs is 55% at the end of the reporting period. Moreover, the capacity of general isolation beds in the district is 376. The Intensive Care Unit/High Dependency Unit  ( ICU/HDU )  at the Cox's Bazar Sadar Hospital has a capacity of 38 beds for severe and critical patients. During the past weeks, an increase in the bed occupancy has been observed, indicating the increased demand of hospitalization due to severe disease presentation at admission.
[ 28 July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugee: UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is deeply saddened by the tragic deaths of six Rohingya refugees as three days of heavy monsoon rains and strong winds pelted massive refugee sites in Bangladesh's Cox's Bazar on Tuesday, causing flash floods and landslides.
[ 29 July 2021, Bangladesh ]  Health Minister Zahid Maleque on July 15 said everyone above 18 years of age will gradually be vaccinated in Bangladesh. “Arrangements are being made to gradually bring all citizens above 18 years under the Covid 19 vaccination programme in order to revive the country's education system,' he said.
[ 1 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  In addition, quality education will be hampered in the country, although institutions are now open and some are exams going ahead. Some are not and students have been protesting about this. The government of Bangladesh has mobilised a stimulus package to support the affected industries and communities. However, recent research found that government support  ( both COVID 19 specific and from prior programmes )  was not provided to many people with disabilities during the pandemic  ( Rohwerder et al, 2021 ) . Non Government Organisations  ( NGOs )  and in particular OPDs have played an important role in supporting people with disabilities but are under resourced. It is not yet clear how services such as education and health will be strengthened and supported.
[ 1 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Participant's geographical location: The lockdown restrictions were experienced as being worse in urban than rural areas. People living rurally, could get outside more easily and had space around them; whereas in the urban areas living spaces were more crowded, making it impossible to maintain social distance, service were inaccessible and there were restrictions on public transport. In rural locations people had some scope to do activities to generate income, but in the urban settings there was a tricky balance of risk  ( starve or go out to earn ) . On the other hand, in rural areas people with disabilities have less access to hygiene kits, information and services, and less awareness about the impact of COVID 19
[ 7th August 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Both Host and Refugees: But with the camps locked down, as Bangladesh goes through its worst outbreak of Covid 19 yet, and after fires displaced tens of thousands of people earlier this year, the past week's deadly rains have increased desperation among the Rohingya. Host Bangladeshis in Teknaf and Ukhiya  [ districts ] , many of whom live in extreme poverty, are suffering the aftershock of floods as well.
[ 24th   30th May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Across the 12 operational SARI ITCs in the camps, this week 60 beds were added bringing the total active beds to 538. This week, the bed occupancy has remained unchanged from the preceeding week at 66%. Though targeted for moderate and severe cases, the SARI ITCs continue to receive a large proportion of mild cases  80% this week. Further scale up will be calibrated to the TPR trend. Additionally, at the 250 Bed District Sadar Hospital, 10 Intensive Care Unit  ( ICU ) , 8 High Dependency Unit  ( HDU ) , and 20 Severe Care Unit  ( SCU )  beds are available. Out of these, 21 beds are occupied at present  55%down from 66%.
[ 25th July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: Even if Rohingya people knew that social distancing is vital, maintaining social distance is really challenging in the camp environment. They need to visit/go to different places like relief distribution centers, shared toilets, bathrooms and water sources which are usually crowded.
[ 1 May 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Host/Refugee: Cox's Bazar, a vulnerable district in south eastern Bangladesh, is a priority area for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  ( FAO ) . The region, which has a Bangladeshi population of 2.65 million people, hosts the largest refugee camp in the world with 884 000 Rohingya1 who reside in 34 makeshift camps. The area is prone to monsoon landslides and seasonal cyclones.
According to DGHS, as of 11 July 2021, there are 15 043 general beds dedicated to COVID 19 treatment countrywide, 66.7%  ( 10 029 )  of which are occupied. 37.7% of the dedicated general beds are in Dhaka City. There are 1 263 dedicated ICU beds in the country, of which 76.2%  ( 962 )  are occupied; 68.2% of the dedicated ICU beds are in Dhaka City. As of 11 July 2021, the general and ICU beds' occupancy increased in all divisions compared to the week before. ICU occupancy continued to increase in most of the divisions while decreased in Mymensingh and Rangpur divisions due to increased capacity. The Rajshahi division experienced the overall highest general bed occupancy  ( 91% )  and the highest ICU occupancy observed in the Sylhet division  ( 91% )  followed by Rajshahi  ( 86% )  and Dhaka  ( 81% ) .
[ 25th July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: The lockdowns in the camps are having a significant impact on the lives and livelihoods of Rohingya people living there. Eighteen of the 22 interviewees said they are concerned about Covid 19. The four respondents who said they are not believe that prayer and their faith in Allah will protect them from the virus.
[ 9 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Unsafe and undignified access – Older persons and people with disabilities: Long queues, difficult terrain, and a lack of adapted facilities and assistive devices were commonly cited as major challenges for older people, people with mobility challenges and their caregivers that impact on their access to services and their dignity.“Most importantly, we face problems with latrines because there is only one latrine available for seven to ten houses. Youth can control their urine and defecation, but we can't. We sometimes even pee and defecate in our clothes. As we are old, we can't hold it in for that long if we have to use the toilet…We also don't have a place to wash or dry our clothes properly
[ 14 June 2021, Bangladesh ]  In the past week  ( epidemiological week 23, 2021 ) , Bangladesh reported 15 932 new cases, a 31.0% increase compared to the week before; the case per 100 000 population per week is 9.4. The country reported 279 new death, a 9.0% increase; death per 100 000 per week is 0.2. The weekly new test is 125 239  ( daily average: 17 891 ) , a 3.9% increase than the week before; tests per 100 000 per week is 74; the weekly average test positivity rate  ( TPR )  is 12.7%, TPR increased by 26.1% from last week. Overall Case Fatality Ratio  ( CFR )  is 1.59% which was 1.58% last week.
[ 25th July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: As highlighted in earlier research by TWB and others, the Rohingya community want to receive important information in audio format or verbally. All the respondents except one said they want to receive information about lockdowns through loudspeakers and miking or face to face, with women in particular preferring to receive information in person. Low literacy rates in the Rohingya community as a whole, as well as women's restricted mobility outside of the home, limit how information can be distributed. Therefore, audio or verbal formats are the most effective means of getting information in Rohingya to the maximum number of people in the camps.
[ 14 20 Jun 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Highlights: COVID 19 As of week 24,  ( 14 20 June 2021 )  there are 1 573 confirmed cases of COVID 19  ( SARSCoV 2 ) , 47 097 samples were tested, total positivity rate 3.3%. This week  ( week 24 ) , 113 new confirmed cases detected, 1 219 samples were tested, test positivity was 9.3%. As of this week  ( week 24 )  • Median age of tested and confirmed cases is 11  ( 0 120 )  and 22  ( 0 100 )  years • Female among tested and confirmed cases is 54% and 49% • All 34/34 camps have confirmed cases  ( C2W 117, C3 107, C24 106, C15 105, C4 101 )  • A total of 20 deaths from COVID 19 with the case fatality rate 1.2% • Cases per million in last 7 days 131.4, change in last 7 days 7%
[ 14 20 Jun 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Highlights: COVID 19 Contact Tracing ▪ Total 1,272  ( out of 1,573 )  confirmed cases have been investigated by Rapid Investigation and Response Team  ( RIRT, a camp wise CT network, composed of RIRT coordinator, Site Mx representation, CT supervisor, currently camp 34 teams are working with 34 supervisors and over 300 volunteers i.e., contact tracer ) . ▪ Contact tracing has been done by CT supervisors with 2,933 contacts registered for follow up in the Go.Data. ▪ 2,035  ( 69.3% )  contacts successfully completed the follow up. ▪ One hundred thirty four  ( 6.5% )  contacts became tested positive for COVID 19 during the incubation period.
[ 14 20 Jun 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Community based Mortality surveillance • In week 24, 36 deaths were recorded   • 64%  ( n=23 )  were due to causes classified as “Others' • 16%  ( n=6 )  as still birth  ( Born Dead )  • 8%  ( n=3 )  as neonatal  ( <28 days old )  • 6%  ( n=2 )  as infectious disease • 3%  ( n=1 )  as injury • 3%  ( n=1 )  as severe acute respiratory infection  ( SARI )  • Out of reported deaths, 27.8% occurred in health facilities and 63.8% at homes and 8.3% from community/public place • Partners to report all mortalities into EWARS platform using both case and event based reporting as applicable.
[ 21 27 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Highlights: COVID 19 As of week 25,  ( 21 27 June 2021 )  there are 1 731 confirmed cases of COVID 19  ( SARS CoV 2 ) , 48 323 samples were tested, total positivity rate 3.6%. This week  ( week 25 ) , 158 new confirmed cases detected, 1 226 samples were tested, test positivity was 12.9%. As of this week  ( week 25 )  • Median age of tested and confirmed cases is 11  ( 0 120 )  and 22  ( 0 100 )  years • Female among tested and confirmed cases is 54% and 50% • All 34/34 camps have confirmed cases  ( C2W 124, C3 111, C24 110, C15 109 and C4 105 )  • A total of 20 deaths from COVID 19 with the case fatality rate 1.2% • Cases per million in last 7 days 183.8, change in last 7 days 40%
[ 14 June 2021, Bangladesh ]  In the epi week 23, Khulna, Rajshahi, Rangpur and Mymensingh divisions experienced an increment of weekly new cases; the highest increase observed in the Khulna division, 91.2%  ( 3 630 this week and 1 899 in the week before ) , followed by the Rajshahi division 82.0%  ( 4 431 and 2 435 respectively ) , Rangpur division 73.6%  ( 856 and 493 respectively )  and Mymensingh division 36.7%  ( 391 and 286 respectively ) . The Rajshahi division reported the highest number of new cases  ( 4 431 ) , 20 new cases per 100 000/week with an increase of 82.0% of weekly cases; and the Barishal division reported the lowest number  ( 226 )  of new cases, 2 new cases per 100 000/week. Out of the 826 922 COVID 19 cases registered as of 13 June 2021, 92.7%  ( 766 266 )  recovered, 5.7%  ( 47 538 )  were active cases, and the remaining died  ( previously mentioned as CFR ) . In epidemiological week 23, the average number of COVID 19 weekly active cases increased by 0.2% compared to the week before  ( 47 404 and 47 295 respectively ) ; during the same time, weekly recovery increased by 19.4%  ( 14 944 in the current week and 12 517 in the week before ) .
[ 14 June 2021, Bangladesh ]  As of 13 June 2021, according to the DGHS Press Release, 6 175 112 COVID 19 tests  ( RT PCR 97.5%, GeneXpert 0.8%, and Rapid Antigen 1.7% )  were conducted in the country with an overall positivity rate of 13.39%  ( 12.99% in the last 24 hours )  by 512 laboratories/test centres. So far, 72.9% of the samples  ( 4 503 411 )  have been tested for COVID 19 in government facilities  ( RT PCR 53/132, GeneXpert 43/46, and Rapid Antigen 334/334 ) . During the last week, one  ( 01 )  RT PCR lab  ( Epic Healthcare, Chattogram ) , and three  ( 03 )  GeneXpert lab  ( Sadar Upazila Health Complex, Chapai Nawabganj; Sharsha Upazila Health Complex, Jashore; and Agailjhara Upazila Health Complex, Barishal )  have been added to the network of COVID 19 testing facilities. As of 13 June 2021, the test per case is 7.5 which indicates the number of tests required to identify 1 case.
[ 7 13 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Highlights: COVID 19: As of week 23,  ( 7 13 June 2021 )  there are 1 460 confirmed cases of COVID 19  ( SARS CoV2 ) , 45 787 samples were tested, total positivity rate 3.2%. This week  ( week 23 ) , 106 new confirmed cases detected, 1 044 samples were tested, test positivity was 10.2%. As of this week  ( week 23 )  • Median age of tested and confirmed cases is 11  ( 0 120 )  and 22  ( 0 100 )  years • Female among tested and confirmed cases is 54% and 49% • All 34/34 camps have confirmed cases  ( C2W 114, C3 & C24 102, C4 99, C15 96 )  • A total of 19 deaths from COVID 19 with the case fatality rate 1.3% • Cases per million in last 7 days 123.3, change in last 7 days  36%
[ 7 13 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Highlights: COVID 19 Contact Tracing ▪ Total 1,175  ( out of 1,460 )  confirmed cases have been investigated by Rapid Investigation and Response Team  ( RIRT, a camp wise CT network, composed of RIRT coordinator, Site Mx representation, CT supervisor, currently camp 34 teams are working with 34 supervisors and over 300 volunteers i.e., contact tracer ) . ▪ Contact tracing has been done by CT supervisors with 2,669 contacts registered for follow up in the Go.Data. ▪ 1,952  ( 73.1% )  contacts successfully completed the follow up. ▪ One hundred thirteen  ( 5.7% )  contacts became tested positive for COVID 19 during the incubation period.
[ 14 20 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  As of epidemiological week 24  ( 14  20 June 2021 ) , there are 1,573 COVID 19 confirmed cases in FDMN/Rohingya refugees detected from 47,097 samples tested since the beginning of the outbreak, bringing the overall positivity of 3.3%. This week  ( week 24 ) , 113 were tested positive from 1,219 samples. A total of 20 confirmed COVID 19 deaths were reported since the onset of the outbreak  ( Case Fatatlity Rate  1.3% ) , with 03 deaths in this reporting period. The first COVID 19 patient was detected in FDMN/Rohingya Refugee camps on 14 May 2020 and the first death was recorded on 31 May 2020
[ 28th June  4th July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Rapid Investigation and Response Team  ( RIRT )  investigated a total of 1,515  ( out of 1,854 )  confirmed cases. Meanwhile, Contact Tracing Supervisors conducted contact tracing for 3,609 contacts registered in Go. Data. Out of these, 2,251  ( 62% )  contacts have completed their follow ups. During week 25  ( 21  27 June 2021 ) , 03 suspected Severe Acute Respiratory Infection  ( SARI )  deaths were recorded; the sum increased to 52 in 2021. All deaths were investigated by RIRT as a part of COVID 19 response and of these, 09 came out as probable COVID 19 deaths.
[ 1 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  The abrupt suspension of the ‘old normal', the dramatic life changes, and the need to adapt meant that many participants experienced intense shock and fear as their usual life was completely disrupted. The loss of the stability of usual lives resulted in disorientation and uncertainty about what would happen to them and their families, while the restrictions meant that life was lonely. People's usual support structures were affected which made it harder for them to cope. People felt hopeless, helpless and depressed in the worst times of the crisis. Some people found comfort in religion and trusting to God to get them through the situation.
[ 1 June 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  The second interviews revealed that negative stereotyping, mocking and bullying has continued even as restrictions have been lifted and some aspects of life were returning to how they were before. Negative attitudes towards people with disabilities is deeply ingrained within Bangladesh, but the study suggests that the pandemic may have exacerbated the stigma experienced by some people with disabilities. Stigma is experienced as very hurtful, but during the pandemic this was compounded by a range of other emotional impacts, as is explored next.
[ May 11 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: As of 31 March 2021, approximately 884,000 Rohingya refugees, who have been so far registered as part of the Government UNHCR joint registration exercise, reside in 34 extremely congested camps formally designated by the Government of Bangladesh in Ukhiya and Teknaf Upazilas of Cox's Bazar District. More than half of the Rohingya refugees are women and children, to whom specific attention must be given. Of a total Bangladeshi population in the District of 2,650,000, approximately 514,000 reside in Ukhiya and Teknaf Upazilas, which have been the most affected by the presence of the Rohingya refugees.
[ May 11 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Both Host and Refugees:  Results of the J MSNA show that the most commonly reported needs for Rohingya refugees include shelter materials and access to food, capacity building, and education. The most commonly reported needs for host communities include access to food as well as to cash, reflecting the impact of the COVID 19 outbreak and associated measures to mitigate the spread of the virus on food security and livelihoods. Other priority needs among the host community include materials for host community shelters, access to income generating activities and employment, and access to drinking water.
[ 27th June  3rd July 2021, Cox's Bazar ]  Refugees: The final week of June saw another relatively modest total of 81,000 yaba pills being seized by law enforcement agencies in the district. The largest seizure of the week was by the Border Guard Bangladesh  ( BGB )  who arrested a truck driver at a checkpoint in Ramu with 30,000 yaba tablets. The second largest seizure was by the Rapid Action Battalion  ( RAB )  who seized 20,000 tablets in Ukhiya. Besides, 81,353 yaba tablets seized in the district, the security forces also seized 14,133 yaba tablets and arrested six drug related offenders  ( including two Rohingya men )  outside the district having direct link to Cox's Bazar.
[ 21 June 27 June 2021, Bangladesh ]  Key operational updates: Risk communication and community engagement: • The weekly COVID 19 infodemic intelligence report reveals key concerns on digital media around the subject of vaccines  ( safety, effectiveness against the delta variant ) , and employment due to lockdown. • The SEARO Rumour and Misinformation Surveillance and Response system has picked up rumours primarily around vaccines. • To help countries in preparing for any crisis communication around vaccines, WHO SEARO and UNICEF ROSA held a webinar on “Crisis Communication around COVID 19 vaccines', with two countries sharing experiences and lessons learnt.