nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
This is not a voluntary commitment   it is mandatory on all belligerents,' said Ms. Lise Grande, Yemen Humanitarian Coordinator. “So many people have died in Yemen   this conflict has to stop.' Ongoing violence in Al Hudaydah Governorate is continuing to trigger displacement. Since June 2018, humanitarian partners in Hudaydah hub have registered more than 50,500 displaced households. While most displaced people are hosted within the governorate, others have moved to neighbouring governorates and need humanitarian assistance. Nine schools in Sana'a City are currently hosting displaced households.
Over 11,000 households received multi  purpose cash grants some 13,200 received NFIs and emergency shelter kits. However, airstrikes and shelling increased over the reporting period. A warehouse for a humanitarian partner was hit, damaging an estimated 8,000 hygiene kits and 51 water storage tanks of 2,000 liters capacity. Overall, airstrikes were reported in 12 districts in Al Hudaydah Governorate. There are concerns that ongoing conflict could disrupt water supply systems, compounding the risk of cholera and other diseases.
Sana'a and Marib governorates. Meanwhile, money exchange shops in Sana'a City were buying US dollars at an exchange rate of 524 YER/1 USD on 2 August. This is the highest exchange rate that the Yemeni Rial has ever reached and constitutes a 143 per cent decrease in the value of the currency since the beginning of the ongoing conflict. Ibb: The number of households displaced from Al Hudaydah to Ibb and Taizz governorates has reached 4,330. Partners have reached 2,347 households with rapid response assistance and are targeting 429 households with NFIs in Ibb and Taizz.
Residents of Hodeidah city report that despite a lull in ground clashes, the city has become increasingly fortified in recent week. Civilians are able to move to, from and within the city but are navigating tighter security and remain · More than 300,000 people have been displaced from Al Hodeidah governorate since early June. This figure equates to more than 5,500 people each day and more than 40,000 each week.
Effective August, UNFPA will support 233 health staff with monthly incentives in 36 public hospitals across the Ibb Hub  ( 123 staff in 16 public hospitals in Ibb Governorate and 110 in 20 public hospitals Taizz ) . Meanwhile, gasoline prices have increased from 7,500 YER for 20 litres to 8,000 YER, while the 20 litre cooking gas cylinder is 2,000 YER and at the black markets is priced at 3,000 YER. At the same time, the value of the Yemeni Rial deteriorated during the reporting period dropping to an exchange rate of between 510 and 530 for 1 USD. Currency fluctuation is expected to increase hardship among vulnerable families. Sa'ada: Despite a challenging security environment humanitarian partners continue to deliver assistance to people in need.
On 31 July, one partner completed the third phase of its cash assistance to 2,000 households in Al Jawf. Each family received an accumulated amount of 156,000 YER over three phases. In addition, 2,000 households have received hygiene kits. A local partner distributed 200 NFIs and food baskets to the newly displaced households in Al Maton district. On 31 July, WHO donated one truck of medicines and supplies to Bart Al Anan hospital in Al Jawf.
UNVIM reports that between January and July 2018, a total of 151 vessels have discharged their cargo in Hudaydah and Saleef ports with 70 of the vessels transporting food items and 81 transporting fuel. In July, 17 commercial vessels discharged supplies at Hudaydah sea port which represents a 19 per cent decrease in the number of vessels berthed comparing to previous month. Consequently, food and fuel imports declined by 18 per cent and 20 per cent, respectively. Only one containerized cargo vessel has arrived at Al Hudaydah since December 2017. From November 2017, there has been a 43 per cent decrease in vessels that are berthing at Al Hudaydah and Saleef ports on average, compared to the pre blockade average.
“The horrific attack on a bus in Sa'ada, Yemen, reportedly killing and maiming scores of children, marks a low point in the country's brutal war. The question now is whether it will also be a turning point – the moment that must finally push the warring parties, UN Security Council and international community to do what's right for children and bring an end to this conflict.
The response plan, developed in coordination with regional and country level non governmental and intergovernmental partners, is a migrant focused humanitarian and development strategy for vulnerable migrants from the Horn of Africa, specifically those from Somalia, Djibouti and Ethiopia, moving to and from Yemen. The plan targets some 81,000 people.
Irregular migration from the Horn of Africa to the Gulf countries has been steadily increasing over the past few years, with approximately 100,000 people entering Yemen, a major transit point on this route, in 2017. Often, migrants and refugees cross the Gulf of Aden from Djibouti or Somalia, arriving in Yemen with the support of smugglers.
The plan estimates that, like in 2017, up to 100,000 new arrivals from the Horn of Africa will reach Yemen in 2018, while 200,000 migrants and refugees will return from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Yemen to the Horn of Africa countries in the same period. Of these, 150,000 and 50,000 will return to Ethiopia and Somalia, respectively.
Escalation in armed clashes in Hudaydah between the parties to the conflict is continuing for nearly three weeks. Fighting and shelling have significantly decreased in recent days, but displacement continues, as families continue to leave their homes and the unsafe zones altogether. Displacement is resulting in absence of staff in most institutions, affecting service delivery capacity and quality. Most of the commercial activities remain suspended, with shops – including money exchange places where people can receive cash sent via remittances – remaining closed. Many roads in the Hudaydah city remain blocked, but the area remains accessible to and from Sana'a. Many of the displaced families are moving to capital Sana'a, where several schools are being used for temporary shelter for vulnerable IDPs.
As part of supporting national programmes in the implementation of HIV/AIDS, TB, and Malaria activities in Yemen, IOM established a mobile medical team to increase awareness of these diseases, and to create demand for the health services made available through this initiative. The mobile medical team conducts awareness sessions and distributes printed materials in places such as orphans schools, prisons, and camps and camp like settings in Amran, Hajjah, Hudaydah, and Sana'a. Suspected cases of TB/Malaria are referred for laboratory investigation and necessary treatment. Food baskets are procured, warehoused, and distributed among target beneficiaries. X ray film rules, film packets, and film solution are provided to the National Tuberculosis Institute  ( NTI )  and TB centres across Yemen.
Aden: After the recent escalation of fighting in Al Thuhayat damaged the water network system and tanks, a local NGO was deployed to do repairs and deliver 10 water tankers to the city. On 25 July, a medical organization opened a field hospital in Al Mokha with 25 beds and an intensive care unit with six beds. The General Electric Company has signed a memorandum of understanding with a Yemeni oil company to establish two new power stations in Aden and Hadramaut governorates with a capacity of 264 megawatts and 100 megawatts respectively. Electricity cut offs in Aden Governorate average12 14 hours a day. As of 29 July, 2,799 displaced HHs have been assisted through the rapid response mechanism  ( RRM )  out of a total of 3,599 HHs registered. An attack was reported on 29 July in Al Rebat IDP informal settlement in Lahj Governorate with one casualty confirmed.
“Part of these medicines will be distributed to health facilities where displaced people in Al Hudaydah seek health services. Among them are patients with chronic diseases, children suffering from infectious diseases and malnutrition, and women in urgent need of reproductive and maternal health services,' added Dr Zagaria. The other part of the supplies, together with fuel, water and oxygen, will be distributed within the regular quarterly distribution plan which keeps some 145 tertiary and secondary hospitals across the country functioning.
“Attacks on civilian infrastructure including water systems are a violation of international humanitarian law. UNICEF calls, once again, on parties to the conflict wherever they are in Yemen and those who have influence over them, to stop all attacks and military activity on or near civilian infrastructure including water systems and facilities, schools, hospitals and clinics'.
In addition to providing life saving food assistance to families fleeing violence, WFP plans to assist the 70,000 households in Hudaydah city with a one off blanket commodity voucher distribution. However, due to the scarcity of wheat in the governorate, the sharp increase in the price of cooking oil, and to support the local economy in Hudaydah city, WFP will provide 900 pieces of bread  ( 30 pieces of bread per day )  to families in Hudaydah city rather than wheat flour. An additional 52,000 households in the district of Bait al Faqih  ( Hudaydah governorate )  will also receive a one off blanket commodity voucher ration.
Similarly, since the end of the temporary blockade on Yemen's Red Sea Ports in November 2018, 165 vessels and 19 dhows have discharged cargo at Hudaydah and Saleef ports. Specifically, 11 humanitarian vessels carrying 271,330 Mt of food items, 1 carrying 4 mobile cranes and 8 vessels carrying 445 Mt of cargo directed to the Logistics cluster partners. 75 commercial vessels containing 1,972,173 Mt of various food commodities; 77 commercial tankers carrying 860,694 Mt of diesel and petrol; 19 dhows carrying 2,416 Mt of humanitarian cargo and 1 commercial vessel carrying 44,869 Mt of coal. In addition, one containerized cargo vessel carrying 581 shipping containers has discharged on the port.
Yemen is classified as a low income, food deficit country, ranked 168 out of 188 countries according to the 2016 Human Development Report. According to this report, at least 50 percent of the population is estimated to be living in poverty, and more than 90 percent of food in Yemen is imported. Limited access to food is compounded by several factors, including the effects of low incomes, the depreciation of the Yemeni currency, uncertainty of access to Yemen's Red Sea ports, large family sizes, high unemployment rates and non payment of salaries of civil servants. Present in Yemen since 1967, WFP currently aims to save lives and protect livelihoods, and specifically to increase food consumption through the scale up of life saving emergency food assistance  ( particularly targeting IPC Phase 4 areas ) , as well as to expand coverage of nutrition interventions to prevent and treat Moderate and Acute Malnutrition  ( MAM ) .
The delivery of the food parcels follows the success of the first airdrop of the ERC's humanitarian operations, which included the provision of basic supplies, such as flour, children's milk and mineral water.
Immediately after the relief has been airdropped, the ERC team started to distribute the aid items among the beneficiaries to help them survive the straightened and difficult conditions inflicted by the Iran backed Houthi militias who are consistently intimidating the people, using starvation as a weapon to succumb people.
Clean drinking water in Hodeidah was already scarce, but supplies have been further ravaged since the offensive by the Saudi  and Emirati led Coalition to capture the province began in June. Fighting by all parties has badly damaged water and sewerage pipes. Shelling and bombing have also hit water treatment plants and pipes.
“Cholera could spread like wildfire in Yemen, potentially infecting thousands of children and completely overwhelming an already crippled health system. Many hospitals have been reduced to rubble, and those that are still standing are barely functioning. Doctors have not been paid, pharmacies are understocked, and power cuts happen constantly.' said Thorning Schmidt.
“So many parents I met were struggling to keep their children alive after three years of war. Food and aid have been used as weapons of war and children are paying the price. They are severely malnourished and don't have access to basic supplies like food, clean drinking water and medicine. This leaves them extremely vulnerable to diseases like cholera, which many are too weak to fight off. If people are forced to flee fighting on top of this, many children just won't stand a chance.'
The war in Yemen is now in its fourth year and has left 11.3 million children in need of humanitarian assistance. Schools and hospitals have been caught in the crossfire and fighting has prevented access to food, fuel, clean water and medical supplies. Nearly 8 million children are now going hungry every day and almost a third of under fives are acutely malnourished. With 40% of the population aged under 15, this is truly a children's emergency. More than 80% of people rely on aid agencies for essentials such as food and healthcare.
The situation in Al Hudaydah City remains relatively unchanged from the previous week; following the pause in military operations announced by the United Arab Emirates, a relative calm continues to hold as military operations around the airport remain static with no major developments or gains by either of the parties to the conflict. However, field reports indicate that sand and concrete barriers continue to be erected on roads within the city. The International Organization for Migration  ( IOM )  is considering relocating its migrant response center after the main road leading to it was completely blocked. The center currently hosts some 40 vulnerable displaced families and serves as a distribution point for RRM supplies to IDPs hosted in the city.
During the reporting period some returns to Al Hudaydah City were observed. However, such returns are generally limited to heads of households coming back to the City to look after their property and businesses after having left their families in the areas of displacement, including in other governorates. Displacement continued to be reported from At Tuhayat and Ad Durayhimi districts where armed clashes and airstrikes intensified during the reporting period. Multiple airstrikes were also reported in in the districts of Al Hawak, Al Hali, As Salif, Bajil, Al Garrahi, Zabid, Kamaran Island, and Al Hajjaylah. Also, during the reporting period, ground fighting continued in parts of Bayt Al Faqiah District. On 19 July, five people were reportedly killed, and three others were injured including women and children by indiscriminate artillery shelling in Wadi Al Qawm Village in Ad Durayhimi District.
As of 24 July, a total number of 47,230 displaced households from Al Hudaydah Governorate have been registered of which 34,250 have been assisted. A number of displaced families are accommodated in public schools as it follows: 259 displaced families are living in the six schools in Sana'a City; 33 displaced families are in one public school in Dhamar City and an additional nine displaced families are in one school in Amran City. The Shelter, NFIs and CCCM Cluster continue to liaise with the Ministry of Youth and Sport to use the Faculty of Sports Dormitory in Sana'a for 12 months to accommodate the IDPs.
The United Nations reports an estimated 50,000 Yemenis have been newly displaced since fighting broke out in Hodeida on June 12. It calls Yemen the world's worst humanitarian crisis. Since the Saudi led coalition began bombing rebel Houthis in support of the government in March 2015, more than 10,000 people most civilians   reportedly have died and more than two million people displaced.
On 10 July, airstrikes reportedly struck two cars that were leaving a local market in Al Garrahi District, killing six civilians, including a 14 year old boy. During the reporting period, displacement within Al Hudaydah Governorate and to neighbouring governorates continued. As of 17 July, 33,354 displaced households have been verified and 20,856 have received assistance.
On Thursday 12 July, IOM, the UN Migration Agency, organized the voluntary return of 53 Ethiopian migrants from Yemen. A ship transported the 48 men and 5 boys from Al Hudaydah Seaport to Djibouti, where they were received by IOM staff who coordinated their onward journey.
Every year, thousands of migrants from East and West Africa travel to Yemen, some seeking employment and long term settlement, others looking to reach Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries. The vast majority of migrants are unaware of the conflict in Yemen. However, once in the country, many of them are left stranded and destitute, with little means of support and no way to return home.
From January to June 2018, UNHAS has operated 177 flights and transported 4,837 passengers. A total of 42 cargo flights were operated and some 2,404 tons of cargo were airlifted. In January, UNHAS operated its first direct flight between Aden and Sana'a, without the usual stop over in Djibouti. Starting from August 2018, the direct flight will be operated as a regular route.
Fighting has reportedly de escalated in Taizz Governorate, except in Maqbanah District where it has continued unabated. However, no improvement in humanitarian access has been noted. A new field hospital funded by Turkey has been inaugurated in At Turbah District in Taizz Governorate. The hospital has a 50 bed capacity, an intensive care unit, two operations rooms and is equipped with x rays machine and a laboratory. The new hospital is expected to relieve the pressure on the public and private hospitals in Ash Shamayatayn District which is hosting a significant number of IDPs. In Ibb Governorate, IOM provided the medical supplies for 3,000 renal dialysis sessions to Al Thawrah Hospital to cover the needs of about 180 kidney failure patients for an estimated period of two months.
The International Organization for Migration  ( IOM )  reported that on 6 June, 46 migrants  ( 37 men and nine women )  drowned when their vessel capsized as it approached the coast of Yemen. Over 100 migrants, reportedly all Ethiopians, were thought to be on the vessel that had left the port of Bossaso in Somalia on 5 June. IOM provided medical assistance, health, food and psychosocial support to the survivors while the ICRC and the Yemen Red Crescent made arrangements for the burial of the deceased.
As of 3 June 2018, a cumulative total of 1,850 suspected diphtheria cases have been reported including 98 associated deaths. The outbreak has affected 202 districts across 20 governorates with Ibb and Sana'a being the most affected. Children under 5 years represent 20 per cent of suspected diphtheria cases and 37 per cent of associated deaths. The most affected age group is 5 to15 years old, representing 44 per cent of all cases. A diphtheria vaccination campaign was launched in Sa'ada, covering only 34 per cent as too many people refused the vaccinations.
Throughout the war, Al Houthi officials have made it clear that missiles were launched at targets within Saudi Arabia in response to airstrikes on Yemeni territory. As the war in Yemen escalates with a recent coalition advance on the port city of Hodeidah, Houthi border incursions and missile strikes in Saudi Arabia have continued at a steady pace, posing a constant threat to those in Saudi Arabia's cities. Renewed attempts by coalition members, including the UAE, to take territory from Houthi forces in the north and western coastal areas of Yemen most likely represent a reaction by coalition officials who view Houthi threats as increasingly dangerous. Recent statements made by Houthi officials have warned that missiles could strike as far as Abu Dhabi  ( UAE ) . As Houthi strike capabilities continue to improve, coalition forces will likely attempt to quickly take as much territory from Houthi control as possible to deny the militias launch sites.
With the support of other UN agencies, IOM has been providing the migrants with food, transportation out of Hudaydah, health care assistance, psychosocial support and cash assistance. Due to the dire need and the substantial volume of displacement, IOM has dispatched a mobile medical team to Hudaydah, in an ambulance staffed by one doctor and three nurses, to meet the emergency healthcare needs of affected populations. Five ambulances were also donated to support the population, given the shortage of medical facilities and professionals in the region.
IOM's solar power water project in Yemen, where 90 per cent of the population lacks access to sufficient water, aims to provide conflict affected communities with alternative methods of accessing clean water. Many people are forced to use unsafe sources of water, which is a clear contributor to the recent cholera outbreak.
While displacement of families is ongoing, UNHCR and its partners are working together to reach a verifiable figure of displacement. The protection of civilians is being increasingly threatened in Al Hudaydah by indiscriminate attacks by the warring factions. According to the latest UNHCR led Protection Cluster Civilian Impact Monitoring Report, almost 50 per cent of civilian casualties in Al Hudaydah to date have occurred when people were in their own homes or farms, and 25 per cent when they were on the road, many of them trying to access services or find routes to safety. The six month report also highlighted that a total of 844 incidents caused over 1,800 civilian casualties, 26 per cent of which were women and children. Furthermore, 85 per cent of the incidents resulted in psychosocial trauma implications for the people affected. UNHCR continues to remind all parties to the conflict to ensure the protection of civilians and guarantee their access to humanitarian assistance.
ERC representative said that the food baskets will be distributed in Nafakha, Joul, Quwaidha, Dhooka villages and other areas in Al Awsat and Al Asfal Sheb as well as in Al Maqareb District. Sheikh Olwan Mohammed Saeed Alabdali, Chief of Al Abadel tribe expressed his happiness on the humanitarian gesture which is part of the UAE's relief and humanitarian activities in the liberated areas of Yemen. He added that the assistance will alleviate the suffering of the population.
The Health cluster reports that an increasing number of health facilities in Al Hudaydah Governorate are temporarily closing down due to the security situation. Seven facilities  ( one health centre in Al Mina District, three health units in Bayt Al Faqiah, one health centre and two health units in At Tuhayat )  have temporarily closed or suspended operations. Operations have also been temporarily suspended at a health in Jabal Ra's District and at the nursery unit of Al Salkhana Hospital in Al Hali District due to the fact that health workers have been displaced. According to the Health cluster, 243 trauma related injuries and 25 deaths were reported between 13 29 June, in five hospitals in Al Hudaydah Governorate  ( Al Thawrah, Al Olofi, Bait Al Faqiah, Zabid and Al Amal private hospital ) . However, as many health facilities across the Governorate are not functioning and reporting, overall casualty figures are likely to be higher.
Field reports from Al Hali, Al Mina and Al Hawak districts of Al Hudaydah City, indicate increased scarcity of basic commodities as some suppliers have moved their stores to safer areas. However, the supply of water has improved after partners repaired pipes that were broken during fighting. A request for 822,000 doses of Oral Cholera Vaccine  ( OCV )  was approved by the Global Taskforce on Cholera Control to conduct vaccination in six districts in Al Hudaydah  ( Al Hawak, Bura, Al Sukhnah, Al Mina, Al Hali, Al Durayhimi ) . Other emergency supplies including food, medical supplies and ambulances, and NFIs are being delivered at Al Hudaydah warehouses and all the hubs where the new IDP caseloads are located.
The Al Hudaydah and Saleef ports are open and operational. As of 3 July, five vessels are at berth, five vessels were in the anchorage and one UNVIM cleared vessel is in the holding area. Ras Issa port is closed. On average, it takes ships approximately two weeks from the moment they request UNVIM clearance, until they eventually offload their cargo in Yemen. The average time has reduced significantly from three months ago, when the average delay was nearly one month.
In all governorates covered by humanitarian partners based in Sana'a  ( Amanat Al Asimah, Amran, Sana'a, Dhamar, Marib Al Bayda ) , the first phase of the response has been activated and will feature three components; hygiene kits, transit kits and food rations. Humanitarian partners continue to strengthen the humanitarian response and ensure that all people in need are reached. Lead organizations have been identified for all districts in Al Hudaydah and Sana'a governorates to avoid gaps in the IDP response. Preparations are underway, with the support of the Logistics Cluster, to resupply partner warehouses and humanitarian service points  ( HSPs )  to sustain RRM activities across the governorate.
Some 43,000 people have been displaced since the offensive started on 13 June, with more people displaced every day. Such movement to safety brings its own risks, as there have been an increase in reports over the past week of civilians killed and injured by explosives as they travel. Many of those who have managed to flee to other Governorates are arriving in urgent need of food, medical care and protection for the most vulnerable.
A total of 122 GBV cases were identified in Al Hudaydah hub, case management standards were applied during the identification, response and referral of the cases. 22 GBV cases were provided with medical support, 17 were provided with legal support, and 68 with psychosocial support and 15 with cash assistance, 18 cases are currently admitted in the UNFPA supported shelter in Marawi'ah district. In Aden, 11 GBV survivors were identified, all received psychosocial support.
Inside Hudaydah city, Houthi fighters are reported to be blocking many streets with sandbags, including streets leading to the port, and are building trenches in preparation for street battles. Some neighbourhoods are without water supplies as the water and sewage network was damaged when the trenches were being dug.
People continue to flee out of fear. Many of those who are leaving live close to areas where fighting is taking place. Others are leaving because they fear that military operations will escalate. It is taking time to verify official numbers of people displaced. They are being forcibly displaced within their own districts inside the city, or to neighbouring governorates including Hajja, Sana'a, Dhamar and Ibb.
Electricity is unavailable in many areas of Hudaydah city, and water shortages have been reported due to recent damage to supply pipes, which affects many areas of the city, including entire neighbourhoods.17 Sanitation problems have also been reported in some IDP sites, which could trigger a cholera outbreak.
IOM provides emergency WASH assistance to the most vulnerable, and restores and maintains water and sanitation systems towards the improvement of public health. Utilizing the space on the roofs in three high schools in Amanat Al Asimah and Sana'a Governorates, installation of 940 solar panels has been completed, generating 305KW electricity, providing 834,000 litres of water every day by pumping water for 7 hours from three different wells, benefitting 55 thousand people access adequate safe water on a daily basis. In addition to the immediate public health and livelihood benefits of having more reliable and affordable water, this initiative is helping save an estimated 162,000 litres of diesel worth 58.3 million Yemeni Rials or 121 thousand US dollars at current prices and 400 tonnes of carbon emissions every year
“WHO is currently supporting two public hospitals in Al Hudaydah city  ( Al Thawra and Al Olifi ) , and two district hospitals on the outskirts of the city  ( Bait Al Faqiah and Zabib ) , making sure they have the capacity to receive and treat trauma patients. Trauma supplies were sent weeks ago. We are now continuing the support through the provision of ambulances and the rapid deployment of mobile teams to reach people who cannot travel to medical facilities, and we are working to establish trauma stabilization points in critical areas,' said Dr Nevio Zagaria, WHO Representative in Yemen.
WHO is also supporting 7 therapeutic feeding centers in the governorate to treat children suffering from severe acute malnutrition with medical complications. Additional medicines and supplies for 200 000 medical consultations, including cholera medicines, have been pre positioned to be delivered as needed, and surrounding governorates have been placed on high alert and equipped with supplies and medicines for the treatment of cholera, specifically for thousands of displaced people coming out of Al Hudaydah.
During the reporting period, fighting and shelling have significantly reduced in Al Hudaydah Governorate. However, airstrikes continue to be reported, especially in southern districts. On 27 June, an airstrike in Zabid District struck a location close to a hospital in Zabid town. No casualties were reported but the hospital reportedly sustained some damage. On 27 June, an airstrike hit a minbus in Al Garrahi District. On the same day, the Ministry of Human Rights in Sana'a issued a statement reporting that 11 civilians were killed and 11 more were injured in the strike.
In Al Hudaydah City, clashes were reported on 26 June in the proximity of the airport. Money exchange shops where people can access cash from remittances, remain closed. Limited access to cash and the reported increase of food prices may jeopardise the food security of an already vulnerable population. Displacement is affecting the capacity of institutions to provide basic social services due to absence of staff. Access to water in the city has improved following repairs to pipes that had been damaged by conflict. Many roads in the city remain blocked, but the city remains accessible from Sana'a.
Al Hudaydah port is open and operational. As of 27 June, three vessels were at berth. Six vessels were in the anchorage area, three UNVIM cleared vessels were in holding area and three vessels were en route.
In terms of stocks, 76,000 MT of wheat grain are prepositioned in silos in Al Hudaydah and Saleef sufficient for 988,000 households for one month. Other prepositioned stocks in Al Hudaydah include 60,000 basic hygiene kits sufficient for 20,000 families; 30,000 transit kits with implementing partners sufficient for 30,000 households; 3,370 NFI kits sufficient for 3,370 families; and 4,440 emergency shelter kits sufficient for 4,440 families. More stocks are being prepositioned across Yemen.
The Local Water Supply Cooperation  ( LWSC )  in Al Hudaydah City is currently providing 44,971 cubic meters  ( 44,971,000 liters )  of safe drinking water on a daily basis, benefiting 65,000 households including 197,782 children. WASH Cluster partners have prepositioned fuel and water disinfectants with LWSC to ensure continuous supply of safe water.
32,000 liters/day of water is being provided in Hays, Zabid, Bait Al Faqiah, Al Garrahi and At Tuhayat districts through supporting rural water supply and private wells. • 22 water points serving 6,370 individuals have been established in Bayt Al Faqiah, Zabid, Al Garrahi and Al Hali  ( Al Hawra school ) .
• Emergency teams have been set up by LWSC through UNICEF support to repair and maintain any damaged water system • 1,163 additional hygiene kits have been distributed in At Tuhayat and Marawi'ah districts, Al Hudaydah City and Abs district in Hajjah Governorate, benefitting 8,141 individuals.
Lifesaving multi sectorial GBV services are ongoing, 122 cases identified last week have received services including legal assistance  ( 17 ) , psychosocial support  ( 68 ) , medical assistance  ( 22 ) , cash assistance  ( 15 )  and safe shelter  ( 18 ) . • UNFPA has four focal points operating in four service centers to identify people with specific needs for referral. So far, 197 vulnerable women and mean have been provided with psychosocial support
WHO has repurposed its incident management system and all emergency operation centers at central level to focus on the Al Hudaydah emergency operations. A concept of operations was developed to ensure that the minimum service package aligns with the established humanitarian service points in priority. • The Swiss Government has donated surgical supplies to cover the upsurge in conflict related trauma for two referral hospitals  ( Al Thawra and Al Olifi )  and two inter district hospitals  ( Bait Al Faqiah and Zabid ) .
WHO continues to strengthen the capacity of the health system to conduct mass casualty management and health response in Hudaydah through the prepositioning of trauma kits in hospitals and health facilities. Mobile teams are also being supported to ensure that health assistance is provided to people who cannot travel to medical facilities.
In Bait Al Faqiah District, IOM has 400 NFIs in stock and expect more next week to cover the needs of 1,100 households. The Shelter/NFI sub cluster in Aden has distributed 500 NFI kits in Al Khawkha and Hays, and pre positioned 1,000 more in Al Khawkha.
En 6 estados se indicó que más del 20% de los hogares se encuentran en condiciones extremas de acceso a una fuente de energía segura para cocinar.
Las dificultades de acceso a combustible han impactado negativamente la distribución de bombonas de gas.
Acceso limitado a gas doméstico a través de cilindros por fallas o falta de distribución, costos elevados y dificultades de traslado. En las zonas rurales/remotas la situación se agrava.
El acceso a través de gas directo se ubica en zonas de grandes centros urbanos, han aumentado las conexiones informales a esta red.
Ha aumentado el uso de cocinas eléctricas, sin embargo, las interrupciones del servicio repercuten en el acceso efectivo a esta fuente segura de energía para cocinar.
Se reportó el uso masivo de leña  ( zonas rurales y urbanas )  y de otros combustibles como kerosén y gasoil generando afectaciones en la salud y riesgos de accidentes/ incendios.
El uso masivo de leña ha derivado en actividades comerciales  ( venta de leña ) . Se reportaron períodos donde escasea la leña en centros urbanos.
En 5 estados se indicó que más del 20% de los hogares tienen interrupciones eléctricas diarias y prolongadas.

Mayor afectación en el acceso efectivo a energía eléctrica en zonas rurales y remotas, alejadas de los centros urbanos.
Se han incrementado las conexiones informales a la red pública, y conexiones domésticas improvisadas, derivando en riesgos para la vida de las personas.
En todos los estados se enfatizó el impacto negativo de la falta de energía en el acceso efectivo a derechos como la salud  ( tratamientos y servicios médicos )  y la educación.
Las interrupciones diarias y prolongas han generado cambios en las actividades cotidianas de las personas, incluyendo las actividades comerciales.
Se reporta ausencia de alumbrado público asociada con robo de materiales. Como mecanismo de afrontamiento se reporta el uso de antorchas con consecuencias respiratorias  ( humo )
La problemática de la vivienda va más allá de los materiales de construcción: falta de mantenimiento, prácticas constructivas, manejo de espacios, desmantelamiento de instituciones y viviendas abandonadas para reutilización de materiales.
La búsqueda de mejor acceso a servicios públicos como la electricidad y el agua, ha generado movilidad humana y el aumento de asentamientos informales en zonas de riesgo de viviendas con materiales deficientes y en condición de hacinamiento.
La pérdida de poder adquisitivo ha impactado negativamente la capacidad de las personas de mejorar las viviendas y por ende utilizar materiales adecuados.
Las recientes inundaciones, han generado viviendas improvisadas con materiales deficientes en varios estados del oriente del país y han evidenciado la vulnerabilidad de viviendas en zonas de alto riesgo.
El acceso limitado a gasolina impacta las operaciones de los actores humanitarios y servicios de transporte.
Deterioro de enseres básicos asociado con fallas del servicio eléctrico y sobreuso durante el confinamiento: Incapacidad de las personas para reponer enseres básicos.
Ausencia de iluminación en espacios públicos con impactos en inseguridad y riesgos de protección
Acceder a ENERGÍAS SEGURAS  ( ALTERNATIVAS )  que habilitan el acceso a la alimentación, la educación, la salud, las telecomunicaciones y medios de vida, minimizando los riesgos de vida asociados con mecanismos de afrontamiento actuales.
Adecuación de la infraestructura, instalaciones eléctricas y dotación para INSTITUCIONES permitiendo a la población el acceso a servicios esenciales.
Desarrollo de capacidades en CONSTRUCCIÓN SEGURA, y acceso a materiales  ( autóctonos/ bajo costo )  para la mitigación de riesgos asociados con viviendas subestándar.
Acceso a ENSERES BÁSICOS en los hogares más vulnerables, afectados por emergencias y personas en movilidad.
Recuperación e ILUMINACIÓN DE ESPACIOS PÚBLICOS clave.
The socio economic crisis triggered by the pandemic has taken a heavy toll on Venezuelan refugees and migrants. Many have lost all sources of income, exposing them to destitution, homelessness, exploitation, and abuse.
UNHCR's priorities in 2022 focus on support for basic needs, especially in border areas where needs often outstrip the capacities to respond in promoting the inclusion of Venezuelans into national social protection systems and local labour markets, and supporting government plans for long term solutions, including asylum, regularization schemes and other means of facilitating legal stay. In Colombia, 1,000,000 Venezuelans were registered with biometric data to access the 10 year Temporary Protection Status.
En total, 302 personas fueron entrevistadas, 207 mujeres  ( 68% ) , 93 hombres  ( 31% )  y dos de otro género  ( 1% ) . El predominio femenino en la muestra refleja el hecho de que el 60% de los hogares en Venezuela son encabezados por mujeres. De las 302 personas, 220 fueron entrevistadas en La Toma  ( 73% )  y 82 en Argelia Istúrbiz  ( 27% ) . 

Dicha distribución responde al tamaño relativo de la población de ambas comunidades. Dado que las personas entrevistadas no fueron seleccionadas al azar, la muestra no es estadísticamente representativa de la población total en las dos localidades. 

Sin embargo, esta muestra es suficientemente representativa para orientar la toma de decisiones y proporciona un tamaño suficiente para desagregar los datos por edad, sexo y discapacidad.
Alojamiento 


90% de las viviendas en las zonas afectadas de La Toma y Argelia Istúrbiz han sufrido daños o han sido destruidas.
Nutrición 88% de los encuestados indicaron no tener acceso a suficientes alimentos y 62% reportaron no poder comprar alimentos.
Agua, sanidad e higiene Más del 30% de los entrevistados informaron no tener acceso a agua limpia para beber o cocinar.
Salud 


81% de los encuestados dijeron que ellos  ( u otro miembro del hogar )  presentaba una condición crónica de salud y 80% reportaron que ellos  ( u otro miembro del hogar )  había sufrido alguna enfermedad desde la inundación
Protección 76% de todas las personas entrevistadas indicaron que son “completa o parcialmente dependientes' de otros para cubrir sus necesidades básicas. Esta dependencia fue mayor para las personas mayores  ( 80% )  comparados con adultos menores de 50 años de edad  ( 69% ) .
Bienestar Psicosocial 


89% de las personas entrevistadas reportaron que desde las inundaciones se sienten preocupadas o ansiosas en relación a su situación actual y reportaron sentirse “deprimidas'. La frecuencia fue similar para personas mayores y menores de 50 años de edad.
La mayoría de los entrevistados  ( 66% )  reportaron sentirse inseguros en el lugar donde actualmente residen. Estas cifras no se modificaron significativamente según la localidad, la edad, el género o la presencia de discapacidad, reflejando una necesidad mayoritaria de asistencia en alojamiento.
Varios factores puede ser la causa de la sensación de inseguridad, como miedo del colapso de la vivienda mientras duermen, ausencia de presencia policial, riesgo de robos debido a materiales usados para la construcción, etc.

Un análisis más detallado es requerido debido a esta preocupación ampliamente reportada. Las inundaciones periódicas durante la temporada de lluvias en el estado Bolívar, con frecuencia generan emergencias humanitarias, particularmente en comunidades que viven en construcciones estructuralmente débiles en las riberas del río.

 La construcción inapropiada con materiales inadecuados, las dificultades para la generación de ingresos y el impacto de la pandemia por la COVID 19 han dejado a la población gravemente expuesta al riesgo de futuros desastres y un mayor deterioro de su bienestar en su sentido amplio
Recomendaciones 


Priorizar la reconstrucción de las viviendas de los grupos de mayor riesgo de la comunidad. 

Asegurar que las viviendas sean construidas en lugares más seguros y usando materiales adecuados, obtenidos localmente, con el objetivo de minimizar el impacto de futuros desastres. 

Realizar una auditoría de seguridad para identificar las razones por las que las personas se sientes inseguras en sus alojamientos, prestando particular atención a aquellos que enfrentan riesgos adicionales. Usar los hallazgos de esta auditoría para desarrollar respuestas apropiadas, tales como promover una mayor presencia de fuerzas de seguridad  ( policía )  o ayudar a las familias a reubicarse en zonas más seguras. 

Ya que estas comunidades son propensas a involucrar a representantes comunitarios y las autoridades locales en la planificación, preparación de planes de respuesta que valoren como acciones como el almacenamiento y distribución de bolsas para arena, identificación de rutas de evacuación, sistemas de alerta temprana, al igual que sistemas de monitoreo de rutas fluviales, etc.
La falta de recursos para adquirir alimentos fue aún mayor para las personas mayores  ( 50 años o más ) , con un 68% de los entrevistados de este grupo etario indicando que no podía comprar alimentos. Adicionalmente, alrededor del 17% declaró que los alimentos disponibles no eran de buena calidad o apropiados para su consumo.
En general, el 39% de los entrevistados no tenía ingresos2, siendo el género femenino más activo económicamente  ( 58% )  que el masculino.
El trabajo a destajo es la principal fuente de ingresos para el 30% de los encuestados, seguido de la pensión de vejez o jubilación  ( programa de protección social del Estado )  con un 25%.
Se debe hacer notar que el valor de esta pensión es menor de USD 3 al mes. En el caso de las personas mayores, 56% reportaron no tener ingresos, mientras que 70% de las personas con discapacidad entrevistadas indicó no tener ingresos  ( 72% en el caso de mujeres con discapacidad ) .
3. Agua, saneamiento e higiene   ASH 


Los hallazgos muestran que el limitado acceso a agua potable se traduce en que los residentes de estas comunidades almacenan agua en sus hogares, usando envases no apropiados para este fin  ( envases plásticos sin tapa o cubierta )  y sin aplicar métodos adecuados para su potabilización y almacenamiento. 

Cabe destacar que el inadecuado almacenamiento se puede traducir en criaderos de zancudos que pueden propagar enfermedades endémicas como malaria, dengue o zika; poseen una infraestructura débil por ser asentamientos con nula o poca planificación urbanística, en la mayoría de los casos son invasiones; y tienen acceso limitado a la asistencia médica.
Aunque se pueda asumir que el agua por tuberías es limpia y libre de contaminación, este no es el caso en el estado Bolívar, ya que la mayoría de las plantas procesadoras de agua están dañadas o fuera de servicio. Además, el suministro de agua por tuberías no es continuo, estando disponible una o dos veces al mes.
Casi el 90% de las personas con acceso a agua están contaminadas, incrementando el riesgo de enfermedades de transmisión hídrica evidenciado en el elevado número de personas con diarrea.
Esta situación se complica aún más por el hecho que casi la mitad de los encuestados  ( 48% )  no usa ningún método regular de potabilización, a pesar de que las fuentes de agua tienen un elevado riesgo de contaminación.
Aquellas familias que aplican algún método de potabilización, usan la ebullición  ( hervir el agua ) . Los resultados mencionados son muy similares para las personas de 50 años o más y para las personas con discapacidad.
Reportes de Protección Civil del 10 de septiembre indicaban que, una vez las aguas retornaron a su cauce, numerosas viviendas  ( 372 en La Toma y 128 en Argelia  ( 554 )  permanecen afectadas y en necesidad de asistencia para cubrir múltiples necesidades.
Más del 30% de los entrevistados en La Toma y Argelia Isturbiz no tienen acceso a ninguna fuente de agua. Dos  ( 66% )  dependen del suministro por tuberías y un 23% depende de fuentes de agua superficiales  ( ríos, caños y/o lagunas ) .
 Tras la confirmación de los primeros casos de COVID 19 en Venezuela el 13 de marzo, el régimen de Nicolás Maduro en Venezuela declaró el estado de emergencia e impuso una cuarentena nacional, que conllevó la suspensión de las actividades en las escuelas y todas las actividades comerciales, salvo las relacionadas con los servicios básicos, la alimentación y las operaciones de atención médica. La cuarentena se prorrogó recientemente hasta el 12 de junio. Al 22 de mayo, las autoridades del régimen habían identificado 824 casos de COVID 19 y 10 muertes en Venezuela, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud  ( OMS )  de la ONU; sin embargo, algunas organizaciones de socorro han expresado su preocupación por el hecho de que, debido a las limitaciones para realizar las pruebas y presentar los informes, el número real de casos podría ser considerablemente mayor.
 Las medidas de cuarentena en Venezuela han agravado las necesidades humanitarias entre las poblaciones vulnerables y han limitado las oportunidades de acceso a medios de vida de las personas que dependen de la economía informal, así como de las personas que participan en actividades económicas transfronterizas y de aquellas que dependen de las remesas, las cuales han disminuido debido al impacto económico de la pandemia en los países vecinos, según informa la ONU. Entretanto, los precios de algunos productos básicos han aumentado, y la hiperinflación existente impide a un más que las familias tengan acceso a suficientes alimentos, medicamentos y suministros para satisfacer otras necesidades básicas.
 Las organizaciones de socorro advierten que los impactos de la pandemia de COVID 19 y la escasez de combustible han agravado aun más la inseguridad alimentaria en Venezuela. Antes del inicio de la pandemia, aproximadamente 2.3 millones de personas en Venezuela  ( 8 por ciento de la población )  estaban sufriendo inseguridad alimentaria grave, según la EFSA del PMA realizada entre julio y septiembre de 2019.
 La pandemia de COVID 19 y la caída de los precios mundiales del petróleo han dado lugar a una grave escasez de combustible en Venezuela, que a su vez ha interrumpido el suministro de alimentos y los sistemas de distribución en algunas zonas, según informa la ONU. La escasez de combustible también ha impedido que algunas personas tengan acceso a atención médica y otros servicios básicos, mientras que las largas colas para obtener gasolina obstaculizan las medidas de distanciamiento social, lo que contribuye al riesgo de una mayor transmisión de COVID 19. Asimismo, según la ONU, la escasez de combustible y las restricciones de circulación impuestas en relación con la COVID 19 han impedido la prestación de asistencia humanitaria. Aunque el régimen de Maduro había emitido casi 280 permisos de circulación al 23 de abril a algunos organismos de la ONU, ONG y empresas comerciales para facilitar el acceso humanitario durante la cuarentena, la escasez de combustible ha seguido dificultando los movimientos humanitarios en algunas zonas.