nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
[ 14th Jan 2021,Northern Nigeria ]  The overall mean  [ standard deviation  ( SD )  ]  for knowledge, attitude and practice scores expressed in percentage was 65.38% [ SD15.90 ] , 71.45%  [ SD14.10 ] , and 65.04%  [ SD17.02 ]  respectively. Out of the respondents, 270 ( 30.47% )  had good knowledge  ( GK ) , 158 ( 17.8% )  had good attitude  ( GA ) , and 230 ( 25.96% )  had good practice  ( GP )  using cut off scores of 75%, 86.5%, and 75% respectively. Over 48% did not agree COVID 19 originated from animals while 60% perceived the pandemic to be due to God's punishment and 36% thought it was a man made virus.
[ 1st Nov 1st Dec 2020, Nigeria ]  As well as increased farm revenues, more crop farming households are using farm inputs during the COVID 19 crisis. The share of crop farming households using organic fertilizer more than doubled from 29% to 60% between the 2018/19 and 2020/21 agricultural seasons, while the share using pesticides or herbicides rose from 47% to 69% over the same period. Agriculture's capacity to create jobs may also have increased over the same period, with the share of crop farming households using hired labor rising from 60% to 73% between the 2018/19 and 2020/21 agricultural seasons. Such increases arise in both urban and rural areas. Since the months in which the two surveys were conducted were so close, these findings are unlikely to be down to seasonality alone
[ 1st Dec 2020, Nigeria ]  An increase in agricultural activity appears to be one key response to the COVID 19 crisis. In previous rounds of the NLPS, it was observed that households' main income earners were switching into – or returning to – work in the agricultural sector, as work was resumed. As the December 2020 round of the NLPS shows, the share of households doing crop related farm work in the 2020/21 agricultural season  ( running from March 2020 to February 2021 )  reached 80%, rising from 70% in the 2018/19 agricultural season  ( running from March 2018 to February 2019 ) . The increase was particularly stark in urban areas, where the share of households doing crop farming rose from 35% to 56% between the 2018/19 and 2020/21 agricultural seasons. Yet even in rural areas, there was a slight increase in the share of households doing crop farming – from 86% to 91% – over the same period.
[ 1stJul 1st Nov 2020, Nigeria ]  Additionally, respondents started to attend more religious or social gatherings, where COVID 19 could be spread more easily, as 2020 drew on. Between July 2020 and November 2020, the share of respondents attending three or more religious or social gatherings in the last seven days rose from 29% to 42%. This shift was particularly marked in urban areas, where the share of respondents attending three or more religious or social gatherings in the last seven days almost doubled, from 23% to 41% over the same period. Never  the less, it is important to note that the November 2020 results from the seventh round of the NLPS precede the bans on large social gatherings initiated in late December 2020: the effects of these increased restrictions may not yet be captured by the data.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] The pandemic has severely affected MSMEs on the demand and supply sides. Both microenterprises, which are estimated at 37 million, and the approximately 28,000 SMEs are experiencing these impacts. A survey by the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry on the impact of the COVID 19 crisis on the Lagos business community revealed that 81 percent of SMEs were “severely' affected by the pandemic. On the supply side, MSMEs have limited capacity and digitization to adopt their business model to the new operating environment and changing consumer behavior. Many have reduced labor capacity because employees have to tend to children while schools are closed or operate remotely. They have struggled to create a safe work environment, to observe new health protocols, and to move to cashless transactions to protect their workforce and customers; only a few are able to work remotely
[ 31st August 2020, Jere, Mafa, Kondunga and Maiduguri ] Recommendation: This community perception hinders the achievement of gender and disability inclusive education. This perception, coupled with the fact that 27% of beneficiaries reported have difficulty with atleast one function  ( using WGS ) , it is critical that SCI programmes are designed to include vulnerable groups  ( young girls and disabled children )  and there is a need for serious community sensitization around issues of gender and disability.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] Given their lack of adequate cash buffers and access to finance, microenterprises are quickly destabilizing as their daily income is affected. Close to 25 million microenterprises operating in tourism, hospitality, entertainment, and trade have had to close or face significantly reduced operating hours. With large markets closed during the lockdown, many traders temporarily lost their access to customers. Small shops have found it difficult to adjust to changing demand and supply chain disruptions without digital inventory management and they are running out of cash. The compounding effect of demand and supply shocks and payment delays that are, in part, a result of the limited use of mobile money, is straining MSMEs' ability to meet short term cash obligations, including salaries, and raise the potential of failure.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ]  Although agricultural production decreased 14 percent year on year in April May 2020, the sector is expected to be the least severely impacted by the crisis and the first to rebound, as long as there are not any significant interruptions to the planting season. However, output could reduce because of delays in the transportation of seeds and fertilizers across state borders from the South to producers in the North. Release of strategic reserves can soften the impact, but food shortages could ensue. In March 2020, it was estimated that about 5 million people in the northeast and northwest regions are experiencing a Phase 3+ food crisis, and this number is expected to rise significantly  ( World Bank Group 2020 ) .
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] The fallout from the pandemic is expected to severely affect several sectors that account for two thirds of GDP, 28 percent of employment, and up to 60 percent of micro, small, and medium enterprises. The most affected sectors, not taking into account planned government interventions, are  ( a )  manufacturing and trade because of disruptions in international and domestic supply chains, forex constraints, and rising import costs caused by the devaluation of the naira;  ( b )  nonessential services, such as aviation, hospitality, food services, and arts and entertainment;  ( c )  infrastructure and real estate because of lower demand, and  ( d )  financial services, which are at risk of increasing defaults.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Host Communities: Conflict, security and overall lack of basic services are the chief factors that impair the host communities' physical and mental well being. 30% of households have suffered safety and security incidents affecting household members in the past three months.
[ 1st Feb 2021, Nigeria ]  The total number of adults in the high risk areas is about 13.2 million  ( 13% of the country's total adult population ) , of which 78%  ( 10.2 M )  are located in rural areas. About 1% of the total adult population at high risk is in ZOI  ( dark red; 0.9M ) . Half of the top ten hotspots overlap with the  ( unofficial )  subnational reporting of confirmed cases , including Ogun, Oyo, Delta, Plateau, and Edo States. While Lagos overwhelmingly leads the number of cases, it is estimated as a low risk area due to the younger urban population and its relatively more efficient handling of COVID 19 cases than other states .
[  April 6 2021, Nigeria ] On April 6, the government of India also delivered 100,000 doses of Covishield vaccines to Nigeria, bringing the total doses of vaccines in stock to about 4.4million.
[ 10th May 2021, Nigeria ] As communities struggle with the effects of COVID 19 and related containment measures, including income losses, trade disruptions and rising food prices, other factors such as drought, floods, pests and diseases have also led to reduced crop yields and livestock productivity. This forces the majority of affected populations to depend on humanitarian assistance for their survival. Regulations governing the movement of cash, and the absence of information and communications technology infrastructure remains a significant challenge to providing targeted local government areas with social protection measures such as cash transfers.
[ 31st August 2020, Jere, Mafa, Kondunga and Maiduguri ] FGDs revealed that the reasons why some women do not exclusively breastfeed their babies is because of lack of food for the mother which makes it hard to produce breast milk. Also, FGDs participants reported that breast milk is perceived as inadequate so a child may become dehydrated due to hot weather. FGD findings also indicated that psychological and physical stress due to displacement from their villages and life in IDP camps with little or no source of livelihood interlaced with insecurity is also a contributing factor to why some women don't practice exclusive breastfeeding.
[ 31st August 2020, Jere, Mafa, Kondunga and Maiduguri ] There is a need to increase awareness on hand washing, the danger of drinking water from unsafe water sources and open defecation which are the root causes of many diarrheal and water borne diseases. In light of Covid, these personal hygiene messages are even more critical. SCI staffs should deliver hand washing and Covid 19 messages at every point of contact with beneficiaries and the community. This should be implemented throughout all the stages of implementation and by every staff in the organization.
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  SHELTER CONDITIONS FOR RETURNEES Seventy five per cent of returnee households  ( up from 74% in Round 35 )  were residing in shelters with walls. Eighteen per cent of returnee households were residing in traditional shelters and 7 per cent were living in emergency/makeshift shelters  ( up from 6% ) . In Borno State, 80 per cent of returnees lived in shelters with walls  ( down from 82% in Round 34 )  while 10 per cent were living in emergency/makeshift shelters  ( up from 9% )  and 10 per cent were dwelling in traditional shelters. Twenty six per cent of returnee households found their houses in their locations of origin either fully or partially damaged. Seventy four per cent of the houses of returnees were not damaged upon their return.
[ 12th April 2021, Nigeria ]  Because conflict in the region makes accessing Zabarmari challenging, MSF has set up a local team comprising 10 community health workers and a nurse. This team in Zabarmari is supervised by a mobile team based in Maiduguri to support local primary health care and refer children with severe cases of measles to the Gwange pediatric hospital.
[ 15th Sep 2020,Nigeria ] Recommendations: Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that: 1. Ministry of Education should organize regular awareness campaign to sensitize school staff and students to improve compliance of the COVID 19 guidelines in school. 2. The State Ministry of Education should ensure that at least two qualified health personnel are employed and posted on full time basis to man each of the secondary schools to provide services to contain and minimize the spread of the virus. 3. State Ministry of Education should encourage and support secondary school principals and staff to participate in training programs in order to acquaint them with knowledge of preventing the spread of COVID 19 in the school system.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria  ] Manufacturers of pharmaceuticals, sanitizers, and other essential goods have continued to operate and benefit from high demand. However, the nonessential manufacturing sector has been adversely affected in four ways:  ( a )  manufacturing plants were closed during the seven week lockdown and continue to operate under capacity,  ( b )  the CBN's restriction of imports to essential goods to maintain foreign exchange reserves has cut off manufacturers' timely access to imported inputs and machinery,  ( c )  these imports have also become more expensive due to the naira's devaluation, and  ( d )  movement restrictions have disrupted the imports' route to market from ports to both retail and wholesale outlets and have raised distribution costs, while export channels have disappeared.
[ 1st Feb 2021, Nigeria ]  Other notable vulnerabilities in rural areas relate to widespread cultural and religious beliefs and informal  ( i.e., word of mouth )  communication channels that tune out vital information about the pandemic situation and prevention measures. To mitigate the transmission risk in rural communities, socially distanced farming activities should be practiced. Interventions used in other countries include collecting harvested grain at the farm gate to minimize farmers' travel to markets and the use of informal social networks to coordinate fieldwork on rotating days
[ 1st Nov 1st Dec 2020, Nigeria ]  Moreover, the situation seems more positive for poorer households. Almost 93% of crop farming households in the bottom consumption quintile reported that their actual or expected revenues would be higher or much higher in the 2020/21 agricultural season than in previous agricultural seasons, compared with 63% of crop farming households in the top consumption quintile. In part, these patterns may arise because prices of food items have risen sharply throughout 2020: this could benefit net producers, although many households may be experiencing loss of purchasing power – as they have to buy food too – even as their farm revenues rise.
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  EDUCATION Camps and camp like settings In 2 per cent of camps/camp like settings, no children were attending school at all  ( down from 9% in the Round 35 of assessments ) . In 25 per cent of camps/camp like settings, less than 25 per cent of the children were attending school  ( down from 39% )  and in 46 per cent of camps/camp like settings, between 25 and 50 per cent of children were attending school  ( up from 28% ) . In only 3 per cent of camps/camp like settings, more than 75 per cent of children were attending school.
[ 26th April – 2nd May 2021, Borno State ] 679 suspected cases of Measles were reported within the week. Total number of cases reported as at end of week 17 stands at 4,799. 67 laboratory confirmed IgM positives for measles.
[ 26th April – 2nd May 2021, Borno State ] Reactive vaccination: 763,801 children aged 6 months to 9 years vaccinated in 7 LGAs during the Measles reactive vaccination campaign.
[ 31st Mar 2021, Nigeria ]  The Boko Haram conflict in north east Nigeria has displaced over two million people, now forced to live in camps and with host communities. More than 50% of them have been displaced for over five years and continue to depend on infrequent relief distributions to meet their daily needs.
[ 26th April – 2nd May 2021, Borno State ] 6 measles related deaths recorded within the week in MMC  ( 5 )  and Bayo  ( 1 )  LGAs. 61 cumulative associated deaths were reported from Bayo  ( 1 ) , Konduga  ( 1 ) , Magumeri  ( 24 )  and MMC  ( 35 )  LGAs.Case fatality rate for the state stands at 1.3%.
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Host Communities In 2 per cent of the locations where IDPs were residing with host communities, no children were attending school at all  ( similar to Round 35 ) . In 37 per cent of the locations where IDPs were residing with host communities, between 51 and 75 per cent of children were attending school  ( up by 1% ) . In 14 per cent of the locations, less than 25 per cent of children were attending school  ( down by 4% )  and in 11 per cent of locations, over 75 per cent of children were attending school  ( up by 3% )
[ 29th March 3rd April 2021 Nigeria: Borno State ]  6 new cases were confirmed for the reported week. Total number of Confirmed Cases as at end of epi week 12 stands at 1,336. 8 active cases receiving care. Total number of patients discharged for the week – 4.Cumulative number discharged so far – 1,288
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] The COVID 19 pandemic has presented new challenges to businesses, disproportionately affecting smaller and less efficient firms across all industries. Businesses had to move quickly to remote operations while ensuring business continuity under the lockdown. They had to change their operating models to safeguard workers and customers, manage disruptions in supply chains and cash flow, and respond to changing demand. Increased working capital requirements coupled with liquidity constraints, reduced access to forex for imports, logistics disruptions at ports and in interstate transport, and rising insecurity in the North have strained their operations. Many businesses are being forced to downsize operations, retrench workers, and reduce compensation to avoid failure
[ 11th May 2021, Nigeria ]  The naira weakened against the U.S dollar at the I&E window of the foreign exchange market on Tuesday as foreign exchange supply rose significantly. However, the local currency remained stable for two successive sessions at the parallel market. According to data posted on the FMDQ Security Exchange window where forex is officially traded, the local currency  ( naira )  closed at N411.25 at the trading session of the NAFEX window on Tuesday. Tuesday's performance represents N0.58 or 0.14 per cent decrease from N410.67, the rate it traded in the previous session on Monday.
[ 15th Sep 2020,Nigeria ] Typical scenarios include; poor practice of good washing and social distancing in public places like Bank, public offices and business organizations among others. Agusi et al  ( 2020 )  stressed that the defaulters of COVID 19 preventive measures could be attributed to insubordination and tendency for civil disobedience in developing country where the citizen´s patriotism and respect for government is poor. Failure to abide by Ministry of Education guideline poses a great danger in Nigeria where there is a decaying health care system. Thus, it becomes imperative to investigate assessed principals' compliance with Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID 19 closures in South East Nigeria.
[ 8th May 2021, Nigeria ]  NCDC said no new death was recorded from the disease which had already claimed 2,065 lives nationwide. It added that the number of deaths recorded from COVID 19 had declined recently with only four deaths recorded in the past 24 days. The agency said since the pandemic broke out in February 2020 the nation had carried out 1,939,165 tests across the 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory  ( FCT ) .
[ 15th Sep 2020,Nigeria ]  The finding of the study indicated that principals' comply with Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID 19 closures in South East Nigeria to a great extent. Availability of schedule outlining staggered arrival and departure times of learners to avoid crowding, adequacy of classrooms learning spaces to promote social distancing, operation of alternative timetables and/or shifted classes in order to promote social distancing guidelines, adequacy of learners' and teachers' furniture in line with two meter guidelines for safe distancing, adequacy of doors and windows to ensure good ventilation, disinfection of the entire school premises, availability of hand sanitizers at the gate, use of infrared thermometers for temperature checks at the gate upon entry , availability of safe water, facilities soap and disinfectants to support WASH requirements.
[ 11th May 2021, Nigeria ]  Meanwhile, the local unit remained unchanged against the U.S. dollar at the unofficial market on Tuesday, data posted on abokiFX.com, a website that collates parallel market rates in Lagos showed. Data posted revealed that the naira closed at N483.00 again at the black market, the same rate it has been exchanging hands with the greenback currency since May 7. By implication, the spread between the parallel market and the official market exchange rates is N71.75 which translates to a gap of 14.90 per cent.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] The short  to medium term outlook for the Nigerian economy is bleak. The World Bank estimates that 6.5 percent of Nigeria's GDP is exposed to COVID 19 shocks, one of the highest in Sub Saharan Africa. The revised forecast by the World Bank and IMF projects between 3.2 and 5.4 percent contraction in 2020 with most of the impact coming from oil price effects, followed by gradual recovery in 2021 and convergence with population growth of 2.6 percent by 2022  ( World Bank 2020 ) . Lockdowns and movement restrictions in Nigeria and globally have halted or hampered commercial and government activities, reduced demand for oil, decreased remittances by Nigerians living overseas, disrupted supply chains across sectors, and limited household consumption. To date, the pandemic has already led to an unprecedented collapse in commodity prices and capital flight.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] Although President Buhari's policy measures have encouraged self sufficiency in agriculture, the Nigerian economy is still highly dependent on imports. Although the agriculture sector is not expected to be badly hit, limited access to imports, especially to some high quality inputs for fertilizer production, and bottlenecks in transportation heighten the risk of a food shortage in the medium term. To minimize the long term costs of losing viable businesses and jobs, liquidity must urgently be injected into affected sectors to meet mounting working capital needs.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] Trade flows will decrease. Imports, which rose in 2019 from formal trade after land border closures, are expected to decline by 12 percent of GDP because of disruptions in international trade and forex being rationed while U.S. dollars to finance imports are severely constrained by the decline in oil revenues. Exports, which are dominated by oil, fell by 60 percent and are expected to decline by 9 percent of GDP despite the improved competitiveness of Nigerian goods and services after the naira's devaluation  ( World Bank Group 2020 ) . A growing agricultural sector and support for agro processing could boost non oil exports, providing a much needed diversification of foreign exchange earnings, and could strengthen recovery. Meanwhile, the start of operations at the Dangote refinery is expected to reduce both crude exports and fuel imports.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] As of September 15, Nigeria has recorded 56,400 cases and 1,000 deaths with clusters in Lagos State. However, limited testing indicates the real toll may be significantly higher  ( 14 tests per million people in Nigeria versus 285 tests in South Africa  ) . As one of the most underfunded public health care systems in the world, with government spending on health care at 4.6 percent of GDP versus 9 percent globally, Nigeria's public health care system has been under pressure to meet the needs of the rapidly growing number of patients that require emergency care.
[ 1st September 2020,Nigeria ] Through CACOVID, the private sector has contributed about ₦23 billion  ( approximately US$60 million )  to support the government's effort and it has donated tens of thousands of testing kits, hundreds of intensive care beds, medical equipment, and temporary isolation centers. Also, firms have provided palliatives across their communities. They have supported their customers by waiving fees and granting grace periods for bill payments; telecommunications companies have provided free data. Microfinance banks have used their large rural agent network to reach microenterprises and communities to educate them about the pandemic. Digital platforms, such as Givefood.ng, an emergency food relief platform that leverages existing food supply chains, have helped to better coordinate and scale the impact. Technology entrepreneurs have started WeAreTogether, a crowdfunded COVID 19 relief fund; it uses bank verification numbers  ( BVNs )  to determine if applicants fall under the category of vulnerable Nigerians to disburse the funds accordingly.
[ 14th April 2021 ]  Nigeria: Seven years since Chibok, the government fails to protect children. No accountability for crimes against children by Boko Haram and other gunmen Over 600 schools closed for fear of abductions Authorities repeatedly failed to protect schools despite several abductions.
[ 15th Sep 2020,Nigeria ] This is in agreement with the finding of Atiya and Poorva  ( 2020 )  which reported that COVID 19 awareness and preventive practices include avoiding social gathering, maintaining distance while talking, hand washings, avoiding physical contact, using sanitizers, wearing face masks and avoid touching nose, and mouths among others. This also supported the finding of Kebede, Yitayih, Birhanu, Mekonen and Ambelu  ( 2020 )  reported that preventive practices towards COVID 19 pandemic in Universities include; frequent hand washing, avoidance of hands shake and use of hand sanitizers. The agreement between findings could be due to the fact that COVID 19 is a global pandemic with no cure and can also be easily contracted. The absence of a vaccine or standard cure for COVID 19 is bound to contribute the high extent of Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID 19 closures. No wonder there is any increasing number of confirmed COVID 19 cases after school reopening in Nigeria.
[ 1st Jan2020, Nigeria ]  One additional change observed among Nigerian households, which may constitute a coping mechanism, is that they have become larger. Specifically, households had 6.6 members in November 2020, compared with 5.5 members in January/February 2019. One of the main reasons reported for this is that individuals have moved in with parents or other relatives, potentially to pool incomes and manage the risks faced through the COVID 19 crisis, while others have reported returning from work migration or education. In this way, Nigerian households are having to fully restructure in order to find ways to cope with the crisis.
[ 1st Nov 1st Dec 2020, Nigeria ]  This builds on the rise in prices already observed between mid March 2020 and July 2020. Notwithstanding the increased share of crop farming households that used farm inputs in the 2020/21 agricultural season, around 63% of households also reported that prices of farm and business inputs increased between July 2020 and December 2020. Nevertheless, the prevalence of some shocks has waned as the crisis has drawn on. For example, between mid March 2020 and April/May 2020, 36% of households experienced the closure of a non farm business, but this share had halved to 18% by the period covering July 2020 to December 2020.
[ 15th Jun 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Suspected Yellow Fever: Four  ( 4 )  suspected yellow fever cases were reported through EWARS from Damboa MCH, Gajiram FSP in Nganzai, Njimtilo Health Clinic in Konduga and Tawiwi Dispensary in Hawul. Four  ( 4 )  additional suspected yellow fever cases were reported through IDSR from Askira Uba  ( 1 ) , Gwoza  ( 2 )  and MMC  ( 1 ) . No associated death was reported.
[ 8th May 2021, Nigeria ]  While working to prevent imported COVID 19 cases, Nigeria is also continuing with its vaccination programme. More than 1.6 million Nigerians have received their first shots of the Oxford AstraZeneca COVID 19 vaccine. The country received the vaccine through COVAX, a UN backed effort, that promises access to free vaccines for up to 20 per cent of participating countries' populations. Also, the country received 100,000 doses of Covishield COVID 19 vaccine from the Indian government. The country has so far received about 4.1 million doses of vaccines.
[ 31st August 2020, Jere, Mafa, Kondunga and Maiduguri ] Disaggregated data although not representative shows that the highest percentage of children ever breastfed to be  ( 93.3 % )  in Jere and the lowest being Konduga  ( 87.8% ) .
[ 8th  14th May 2021, Dikwa LGA, Borno State ] The clinic in Shehu Msata II Camp is now opened and has started to support IDPs in the past weeks. However, the facilities and medicine in the clinic do not suffice to meet the needs of the IDPs.
[ 4th May 2021, Abuja ]  The minister, who was represented by the Permanent Secretary of the ministry, Mrs. Anthonia Ekpa, said Nigeria experienced different forms of sexual abuse, and that the patriarchal nature of the society. “The situation has further worsened as a result of the COVID 19 pandemic which has been described as a shadow pandemic. “The pandemic has seen a surge on reports of gender based violence cases nationwide, which has led to the diversion of priorities and resources to address these issues.
[ 16th June 2021, Nigeria ]  Cholera: Logistics and Vaccination: Essential response commodities are being procured for pre positioning in cholera hotspots. Epidemiological trend is being monitored to guide ICG request for planned vaccination campaigns.
[ 4th May 2021, Abuja ]   The Minister of Women Affairs, Senator Pauline Tallen, She added that the most common acts of violence against women in the country included sexual harassment, physical violence, harmful traditional practices, emotional and psychological violence and socio economic violence.
[ 15th Jun 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Neonatal death: Five  ( 5 )  neonatal deaths reported through EWARS from Abbaganaram MCH in MMC  ( 1 ) , Chibok General Hospital  ( 1 )  and University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital  ( 2 )
( 15th March,2021, Nigeria )  About four million doses of the Oxford AstraZeneca COVID 19 vaccines were delivered to Nigeria through the COVID 19 Vaccines Global Assess Facility  ( COVAX )  in early March. The Nigerian government said it aims to vaccinate approximately 109 million people against the COVID 19 virus over a period of two years. Health authorities said only eligible population from 18 years and above will be vaccinated.
[ 5th   11th Apr 2021, Adamawa state, Nigeria ]  As at 11th April 2021, 12,749 suspected cases have been reported out of which 1079 were confirmed positive, 11,078 were found negative, while 440 results remain pending. Majority of confirmed cases were from Yola South.
[ 5th   11th Apr 2021, Adamawa state, Nigeria ]  A total of 486 recoveries have been recorded. Of this number, 274 were from treatment facilities while the rest were from home care.
[ 1st Dec 2020, North east Nigeria ]  The estimated number of IDPs identified during the Round 35 of DTM assessments in the conflict affected north eastern states of Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe was 2,150,243 individuals or 442,297 households.
[ 1st Dec 2020, North east Nigeria ] PERSONAL HYGIENE FACILITIES: Camps and camp like settings: In 89 per cent of camps and camp like settings, toilets were described as not hygienic, while toilets were reported to be in hygienic condition in 10 per cent of the locations assessed. In the state of Borno, respondents reported that 91 per cent of the sites had unhygienic toilets. In Bauchi, all toilets were reportedly unhygienic.
( 15th March,2021, Nigeria )  About 8,000 Nigerians have received their first dose of the Oxford AstraZeneca COVID 19 vaccines, the Executive Director of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency  ( NPHCDA ) , Faisal Shuaib, has said. Mr. Shuaib while speaking at the weekly briefing of the Presidential Task Force  ( PTF )  on COVID 19, on Monday, said no serious adverse effects have been reported from those who have been vaccinated.
[ 21st March, 2021 Nigeria ]  The new figure raised the total number of cases in the country to 161,651.This is according to an update published by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  Saturday night.
[ 8th  14th May 2021, Dikwa LGA, Borno State ] The attacks by the NSAG have become frequent and the impact is overwhelming on the affected population. During these attacks, food items and household's properties in both the camps and the host communities are carted away, in some cases lives are lost. The immediate impacts are loss of lives and properties, insufficient supply of food and fear of attacks.
[ 1st Aug 2020,Nigeria ] In August 2020 Nigeria recorded its highest annual inflation rate since March 2018, at 13.22%, as food prices increased to an over two year high amid the pandemic.
[ 13th July 2021, Nigeria ] “To this end, the federal government has procured 60 units of U701 ultra cold chain equipment, and as we speak, about 37 of them have been deployed to all the 36 States and FCT in preparation to receive all COVID 19 vaccines that would require an ultra cold temperature of below 40 to 85 degrees,' Executive Director of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency  ( NPHCDA ) , Faisal Shuaib added.
[ 24th March, 2021, Nigeria ]  Access to abortion is illegal in Nigeria, except when life is at risk, which means survivors of rape do not have access to safe and legal abortion.
[ 8th  14th May 2021, Dikwa LGA, Borno State ] As a result of the attacks, between 08 and 14 May 2021, a total of 1,346 individuals were displaced from Dikwa LGA towards the LGAs Jere and Maiduguri Metropolitan Council. They arrived at Dikwa Motor Park from various camps and communities in Dikwa LGA. As presented on the map below, their intended destinations were locations in the LGAs Jere and Maiduguri Metropolitan Council in Borno State. Meanwhile, between 08 and 14 May 2021, a total of 1,197 individuals have returned to Dikwa LGA from Maiduguri since the first attack on 01 March 2021.
[ 22nd 28th March 2021, Nigeria ] Risk Communication and Social Mobilization: Yobe SMOH, in collaboration with WHO HTR teams and AVADAR informants, UNICEF VCMs, and CGPP volunteers, conducted mass community sensitization, reaching 8,712 people with COVID 19 prevention messages.
[ 22nd 28th March 2021, Nigeria ] The SPHCMB and CRS, with support from WHO, conducted mass community sensitization through radio jingles and phone in programs at Yobe State Broadcasting Cooperation  ( YBC )  and Radio Nigeria Sunshine on FM 88.1.
[ 8th  14th May 2021, Dikwa LGA, Borno State ] It has been observed that some shelters are completely destroyed by windstorms, others are damaged because of termites and worn out tarpaulins The camps Sehuri Mudu Kasa, Masarmari, and Motor Park are identified as camps that are currently facing considerable shelter challenges,
[ 22nd 28th March 2021, Nigeria ] CHALLENGES: Non state Armed Groups  ( NSAGs )  attacks on hospitals and PHC centers are disrupting COVID 19 response and health services in the affected LGAs  ( Geidam and Gujba LGAs )
[ 22nd 28th March 2021, Nigeria ] Insecurity and military operations are limiting contact tracing, active case search, and community sensitization in security compromised LGAs. Bad geographical is limiting access to remote communities to sustain COVID 19 prevention activities.
As at 7 th March 2021, 12,569 suspected cases have been reported out of which 942 were confirmed positive, 8,239 were found negative, while 3,556 results remain pending. Majority of confirmed cases were from Yola North.
[ 16th  28th Feb 2021, North east Nigeria  ]  All the camps has established health structures, COVID 19 sensitiization, response pathway and access to mobile clinics where vaccination activities and essential medicine distribution services are provided by health partners. 51% of camps reported cases of malaria. 65% of camps has access to a functional primary health care provider on site or nearby.
[ 16th  28th Feb 2021, North east Nigeria  ]  75% of the IDP population received a form of food assistance last month.  ( Fig. 9 )  3,062HH received agricultural livelihood assistance in Damboa  [ 1,729 ]  and Dikwa  [ 1,333 ]  LGA
They acknowledged that the rising insecurity and tension arose from dissatisfaction among the population of jobless youth, activities of insurgents, bandits and herdsmen, which resulted into loss of lives and destruction of properties.
[ 1st Dec 2020, North east Nigeria ]  Host Communities: In 90 per cent of sites  ( up from 87% )  some form of security was present. This figure was higher in the most affected state of Borno at 97 per cent  ( up from 91% ) .
[ 26th July  1st August 2021, Borno state ] Distribution of confirmed cases by LGA   256 from Jere, 946 from MMC, 16 from Gwoza, 3 from Damboa, 13 from Bayo, 12 from Biu, 1 from Gubio, 1 from Munguno, 1 from Kaga, 1 from Mobbar, 73 from Konduga, 2 from Nganzai, 2 from Shani, 7 from Hawul and 6 from Ngala LGAs
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Host communities in many locations suffer insecurity and the overall lack of basic services. Many services like schools, hospitals, and other institutions are not fully functioning. In many LGAs local government officials, including the judiciary, are absent from their offices from fear for their safety, creating a vacuum of civil administration and rule of law. Like IDPs and returnees, host community members also face security derived movement restrictions.
[ 1st Dec 2020, Nigeria ]  Mafa: The increase of the IDP population in Mafa can be explained by the raising number of newly displaced individuals who are originating from wards and villages from within Mafa LGA. Mobbar: Population increased due to the infux of IDPs from some villages within the LGA, and returning IDPs from Niger Republic.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Populations across the BAY states in north east Nigeria have strong affinities to people in the nearby part of the neighboring Lake Chad Basin countries of Chad, Cameroun and Niger. The BAY states population is predominantly Muslim.
[ 31st Dec 2020 1st Jan 2021, Nigeria ] The parallel market exchange rate, the bureau de change rate, while also somewhat stable in late 2020 and early 2021, has been well above that of the interbank rate since April 2020, exchanging currently above 470 NGN/ USD. Both rates are significantly below their previous five year average. The annual inflation and bureau de change rates are nearly as high as during the last economic crisis in 2016/17, with the interbank exchange rate well above 2016/17 levels  ( Figure 1 ) . Additionally, domestic petrol prices continue to show an upward trend, pushing up transportation costs. All these economic factors are putting pressure on staple food prices across the country, particularly in deficit producing areas of the country.
[ 26th July  1st August 2021, Borno state ] Total number of contacts line listed for follow up – 6,508 • Total initial Samples tested so far in UMTH laboratory stands at 20,953 • Cumulative positivity rate 7% • Cumulative samples collected for week 30 was 87.
[ 26th July  1st August 2021, Borno state ] Surveillance • No new confirmed case reported for week 30, total confirmed cases stand at 1,344. • No contacts on monitoring. • Intra/inter country border screening continues across the state.
[ 14th Feb 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] The unfolding and volatile situation in Dikwa and Marte LGAs and adjacent areas remain of high concern as some populations remain in Dikwa, likely with little access to humanitarian assistance. In late February, insurgent attacks took place in parts of Dikwa, Marte, and Maiduguri. The attack on February 14 in Marte resulted in the displacement of over 3,300 people, many fleeing to Dikwa and some returning to their home of origin soon after the conflict subsided. Soon after, conflict in Dikwa resulted in the re displacement of households who had been previously displaced in Marte and further displacement of new populations.
[ 10th Mar 2021, Nigeria ] In inaccessible areas, based on remote sensing analyses, agricultural production is likely limited. While households have some access to food from own production, those stocks are likely depleted, and households are reliant on wild foods.
[ 1st Jan 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Conflict in the Northeast has also continued to expand with the highest conflict levels in Abadam, Kukawa, Marte, and Kala Balge LGAs in Borno State based on key informants. Attacks by insurgents are focused on government and humanitarian workers for insurgents to gain ground, access medicines, or access food. Based on information from key informants, attacks on civilians are lower in 2021 than in recent years. Moreover, some areas of Marte and Kukawa, which were previously inaccessible, are now accessible by civilian populations; however, attacks and conflict still occur in these areas. According to IOM, in early January, Boko Haram invaded Geidam town in Yobe State, displacing nearly 10,000 people and setting many houses ablaze. The military later dislodged the insurgents
[ 10th Mar 2021, Northeast Nigeria ] Recent attacks in Marte and Dikwa LGAs of Borno State drove increased displacement and fatalities and significant decline in the engagement of typical livelihood activities among affected households. These attacks are of concern as some populations have been displaced multiple times in a short amount of time. Many conflict affected households have relocated to neighboring areas, with others traveling to Maiduguri. Some of the most vulnerable populations, including many elderly, women, and children, have likely remain in their areas of origin, with lower than normal access to typical food and income sources and humanitarian assistance.
[ 16th Mar 2021, Nigeria ]  The 238 new cases were reported from 17 states – Lagos  ( 72 ) , Kwara  ( 28 ) , Bauchi  ( 19 ) , Kaduna  ( 19 ) , Edo  ( 17 ) , Ogun  ( 15 ) , Nasarawa  ( 13 ) , Rivers  ( 10 ) , FCT  ( 9 ) , Ondo  ( 8 ) , Akwa Ibom  ( 5 ) , Gombe  ( 5 ) , Niger  ( 5 ) , Osun  ( 5 ) , Plateau  ( 4 ) , Oyo  ( 3 ) , and Kano  ( 1 ) . Lagos had the highest figure on Monday with 72 new cases followed by Kwara and Bauchi with 28 and 19 infections respectively.
[ 10tH Mar 2021, Nigeria ] Despite marginal crude oil price increases, poor economic conditions continue in Nigeria as foreign reserves remain low, and the annual inflation rate remains high, the highest since April 2017. The dry season harvest is expected to improve market supply slightly. Driven by the poor macroeconomic conditions and below average 2020/21 harvest, staple food prices are significantly above average and are expected to remain high through at least late 2021. However, the high demand and low supply, in conflict affected areas coupled with the poor macroeconomy, is expected to drive prices even higher.
[ 10th Mar 2021, Northeast Nigeria ]  The conflict in the northeast continues to disrupt market function and trade activities  ( Figure 2 ) . While market function and trade activities have improved over the last year with increased function in areas around east central areas of Borno State and areas of Yobe and Adamawa States, market function is limited in many areas. The recent conflict in areas of the region somewhat disrupted market activities; however, once conflict subsided, the market function returned to levels seen prior to that of conflict event. Where market function and trade activity is limited, market supply for most goods is limited.
[ 23rd Feb 2021 Northeast Nigeria ] Then on February 23, an attack in Maiduguri resulted in over 60 injuries and over 15 fatalities. While this attack disrupted market function, it was only for a short period of time. This is one of the first attacks in Maiduguri in recent months. While most of the displaced populations in these areas receive some sort of assistance from the communities in which they are displaced, households also search for some income earning activities. These activities typically include unskilled labor work, firewood sales, indebtedness, and begging
[ 28th Jun   4th July 2021, Nigeria ]  ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: voluntary relocation  ( 579 individuals or 30% ) , poor living conditions  ( 506 individuals or 26% ) , seasonal farming  ( 491 individuals or 25% ) , improved security  ( 161 individuals or 8% ) , conflict/attack  ( 110 individuals or 6% )  and fear of attack  ( 92 individuals or 5% ) .
[ 1st Dec 2020, North east Nigeria ]  Reasons for displacement remained unchanged since the last round of assessment conducted in October 2020. The ongoing conflict in north eastern Nigeria continued to be the main reason for displacement  ( 92%   similar to the last 3 rounds of assessments ) , followed by communal clashes for 7 per cent of IDPs and natural disasters in 1 per cent of cases. Map 3 provides an overview of the reasons for displacement by state. Once again, the state of Taraba showed the highest number of displacements due to communal clashes during the Round 35 assessments. These are often triggered by land and border issues during the farming seasons.
[ 10th Mar 2021, north east Nigeria ] Households in the northeast worst affected by the Boko Haram conflict continue to engage in limited livelihood activities and are mainly dependent on humanitarian food assistance, and have limited income earning opportunities.
[ 28th Jun   4th July 2021, Nigeria ]  Between 27 June and 04 July 2021, a total of 1,939 movements were recorded in the states of Adamawa and Borno. The recorded movements consisted of 1,475 arrivals and 464 departures. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Gwoza, Hawul, Konduga, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  of the most conflict affected state of Borno and in Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa.
[ 1st Dec 2020, North east Nigeria ]  Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Borno's capital city, continued to host the highest number of IDPs among all LGAs in the state with 303,642 individuals or 19 per cent of IDPs in Borno. A small decline in IDPs was recorded in this LGA compared to Round 34  ( 859 individuals or less than 1% ) . Maiduguri Metropolitan Council was closely followed by Jere as the LGA hosting the second highest number of IDPs in Borno State with 287,585 individuals or 18 per cent of IDPs in Borno. Monguno was the LGA hosting the third highest number of IDPs in Borno State with 150,579 individuals or 9 per cent of displaced individuals in the state. Compared to Round 34, Monguno LGA recorded a 5 per cent  ( or 7,783 individuals )  decrease in IDPs during Round 35. This is as a result of the relocation of IDPs into Baga ward, Kukawa LGA by the government.
[ 1st Dec 2020, North east Nigeria ]  The most conflict affected state of Borno continued to host the highest number of IDPs at 1,603,044 individuals, an increment of 7,227 persons or less than 1 per cent compared to the 1,595,817 IDPs recorded in the last round of assessments. Borno is now home to almost 75 per cent of all IDPs in North East Nigeria  ( similar to Round 33 and Round 34 ) . The fact that the number of displaced persons in Borno has plateaued instead of decreasing, all while the state's most populous LGAs of Guzamala, Kukawa and Nganzai were not accessible, could be an indicator of continued insecurity and mobility in the region.
[ 1st Oct 1st Dec 2020, Northeast Nigeria ] Informal trade activities with Benin are also underway, increasing market food supply. According to IOM, between October and December 2020, there was about an eight percent increase in cross border movements, mostly related to short term movements for commercial purposes and households traveling for the festive season. Moreover, trade from surplus to deficit producing areas also improved since COVID 19 restrictions were lifted; however, due to the poor macroeconomic context, the movement of goods is still lower than usual.
[ 1st  7th Mar 2021, Yobe State, Nigeria ]  Non state Armed Groups  ( NSAGs )  attacks on hospitals and PHC centers across the state are disrupting COVID 19 response and health services in the affected LGAs  ( Geidam and Gujba LGAs ) . Insecurity and military operations are limiting contact tracing, active case search, and community sensitization in security compromised LGAs . Bad geographical is limiting access to remote communities to sustain COVID 19 prevention activities . Fear of stigmatization leading to non disclosure and refusal of sample collection.