nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
[  26th Apr   2nd May 2021, Yobe State, Nigeria ]  The total number of patients who recovered from COVID 19 is three hundred and sixty two  ( 362 )   The total number of contacts who completed 14 days of monitoring without symptoms is two thousand, and eighty three  ( 2,083 )   The total number of samples collected is sixteen thousand, six hundred and twenty five  ( 16,625 ) . Four hundred and twenty one  ( 421 )  results are positive, nine thousand, seven hundred and sixty eight  ( 9,768 )  are negative, forty two  ( 42 )  for a repeat test, and six thousand, three hundred, and ninety four  ( 6,394 )  remaining sample results are pending.
[  26th Apr   2nd May 2021, Yobe State, Nigeria ]  Surveillance and Epidemiology: All 17 LGAs have recorded at least a confirmed COVID 19 case ( s ) . The case fatality rate amongst confirmed cases is 2.1% . The positivity rate for week 17 is 1.7. This is an increase in positivity rate compared to the preceding week  ( 1.4% positivity rate in week 16 ) . The case to contact ratio is 1:5 . The percentage of contacts that were confirmed positive is 4.3% . Conducted monitoring of eighty four  ( 84 )  contact of confirmed cases . Forty one  ( 41 )  contacts of confirmed cases have completed 14 days of monitoring.
[ 1st March 2021, Nigeria ]  The social media frontiers engaged in the BAY states also helped in disseminate positive messages on COVID 19 and counter fake, rumors and negative social media messages in circulation.
[ 15th Apr 2021, North East, Nigeria ]  Underpinned by the insecurity and Nigeria's Dollar crunch, the continuing inflationary pressure on the food prices in the country to impact negatively on food security throughout northeast Nigeria, particularly as the lean season approaches and more households seasonally rely on markets for their food needs. The annual inflation in Nigeria reached 17.33 percent in February 2021.
[ 10th May 2021, Nigeria ] Climate change and variability, limited access to agricultural land and high food prices are also adversely affecting the food security and nutrition in the northeastern states.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Many households in the BAY states will continue to lose their loved ones because of endemic and preventable diseases like malaria and cholera: an estimated 73 children under five lost their lives to malaria in Borno state in 2020. The high prevalence of chronic and acute malnutrition worsens vulnerability to infectious disease: 45% of deaths in children under five years of age are due to nutrition related factors. The lack of neonatal and postnatal obstetric care has contributed significantly to the mortality and morbidity of mothers and children.
[ 1st Nov2020,Dikwa LGA ,Borno state ] 64% of internally displaced households and 61% of non displaced households reported having lost their main source of income since Ramadan.2053% of internally displaced households reported having debt at the time of data collection, compared to 67% of non displaced households.
[ 1stOct 1st Dec 2020,Nigeria ]  Food consumption across most of the States is stressed, with some LGAs in Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe States witnessing crisis to emergency food consumption status in the current period  ( October to December, 2020 ) . During the projected period  ( June to August, 2021 )  food consumption is expected to deteriorate due to seasonal reduction in stocks; and its triggering effect on food prices and its implicative consequences on household's food access.
According to him, the crises has huge economic implications on business, including real estate, coupled with an intersection with poverty as a result of rising food prices, which can be linked clearly to the inaccessibility of farmlands taken over by criminal herdsmen and rampaging bandits.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  Mortality Most states analyzed had no data on mortality except for Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States. High mortality rates of 0.66% were witnessed in MMC & Jere LGA of Borno State, with assumptions of possible critical rates in inaccessible and partially accessible areas where there is limited information
[ 07   13 Dec 2020 Nigeria ]  ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: voluntary relocation  ( 48.7% ) , poor living conditions  ( 23.4% ) , improved security  ( 14.2% ) , conflict/atack  ( 13.0% )  and fear of attack  ( 0.7% ) .
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] At the time of writing, based on the latest Nutrition and Food Security Surveillance round IX  ( October 2020 ) , an estimated 800,000 children under five suffer from acute malnutrition  ( 290,000 severe, 510,000 moderate )  across the BAY states. One in every five children with severe acute malnutrition  ( SAM )  and one in every 15 children with moderate acute malnutrition  ( MAM )  risk dying if not treated in time
[ 14thDec2020, North East Nigeria ] Female headed households, especially those in IDP camps, reported that they have had even more difficulty accessing services related to food and non food items due to their marital status, and that men tend to have more access than women.
[ 14thDec2020, North East Nigeria ] Over half of the population in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states – 10.6 million people – are in need of humanitarian assistance, with one in four who are under the age of five.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  The impact of the COVID 19 pandemic and the associated containment measures disrupted households income generating activities  ( IGAs )  and led to sub optimal livelihood functionality, reduced income sources and levels across all the states.
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  A total of 28,538 boys and girls aged 6 59 months with Severe Acute Malnutrition  ( SAM )  were newly admitted for treatment and therapeutic feeding in the three north east states. All the discharge performance indicators for the OutPatient Therapeutic Programme  ( OTP )  were within the recommended Sphere standards; 96.3% cure rate, 2.2% defaulter rate, 0.6% death rate and 0.8% of non responders to treatment.
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  For the prevention of malnutrition 22,349 pregnant women and caregivers of boys and girls aged 0 23 months benefitted from counselling on optimum Infant and Young Child Feeding  ( IYCF )  through community based Mother to mother support groups and skilled counselling at nutrition facilities. A total of 15,713 boys and girls 6 23 months received micronutrient powder  ( MNP )  for the prevention of micronutrient deficiencies disorders.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  In areas with security challenges  ( Borno, Adamawa, Yobe, Katsina, Kaduna, Sokoto and Niger States ) ; food availability has continued to be negatively impacted owing to disrupted agricultural livelihood activities and limited access to production assets  ( land, labour, and farm inputs )
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  A refresher training was conducted for 64 Nutrition service providers and five Nutrition Focal persons in central Borno state. They were trained on integrated nutrition package including Gender based Violence messaging. The trainings were done in two batches while adhering to COVID 19 preventive, measures. Plans have also been finalized to start the training in south Borno in October 2020;
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  Cases of Acute Watery Diarrhoea  ( AWD )  were reported in MMC as well as sporadic cases have also been reported in Yola North and Mubi. Other cases were reported in Dikwa, Jere and Mafa LGAs, with many of these cases being children under five years. In Yobe, the flood waters have impeded people's movement in heavily affected LGAs cutting off some communities in Machina LGA. The floods have washed away some roads and thus impacting key supply routes.
[ 2nd   8th Aug 2021, Yobe State ]  Infection Prevention and Control  ( IPC ) : Conducted decontamination and disinfection of State Specialist Hospital  ( SSH )  COVID 19 molecular diagnostic laboratory. Yobe SPHCMB, through WHO support for Active Case Search strategy, conducted sensitization for 2297 households on COVID 19 prevention at international border settlements and POEs.
[ 2nd   8th Aug 2021, Yobe State ]  Risk Communication and Social Mobilization: Yobe SPHCMB, in collaboration with WHO HTR teams, Community Health Champions and AVADAR Informants, UNICEF, and CGPP VCMs, conducted mass community sensitization, reaching 4,793 people with COVID 19 prevention messages. Conducted mass sensitization on COVID 19 prevention through phone in program at Yobe State Broadcasting cooperation  ( YBC ) .
[  30th Apr, 2021, North East, Nigeria ]  The dry season harvest for rice, maize, and vegetables such as onion, tomatoes, and pepper are underway in the northern areas, slightly increasing household food stocks and market supply. Nevertheless, market demand remains higher than normal, while market supply is below average, continuing to put pressure on markets with prices maintain their upward trend with the commencement of Ramadan in April
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ]  Children and adolescents are among the worst affected groups: they have lost out on education, skills acquisition and employment opportunities, and routinely are forcibly recruited by armed groups.
[ 16th Apr 2021, North East, Nigeria ]  Around 8,7 million people in northeast Nigeria are in dire need of humanitarian assistance due to ten years of conflict. Currently, more than a million of these people receive no assistance and have no access to basic social services because humanitarians lack safe access to the areas where they are.
[ 2nd   8th Aug 2021, Yobe State ]  Logistics and Operational Support: Distributed COVID 19 IPC commodities to SSH molecular diagnostic laboratory, FMC Nguru, and GH Bade. Distributed PPEs and IEC materials to the IPC, Surveillance, POE, and Risk Communication teams.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  The increase  ( 1.88%  month on month )  in the food inflation rate  ( CPI food )  which stood at 16.7%  ( year on year )  as at September 2020 has also had negative implications on food prices and households capacity to sustain minimal food and nutrition security status. During the projected period, households in totally or partially inaccessible areas may experience significant constraints to food access owing to disrupted and sub optimal functionality of livelihood activities and limited income levels. This may be compounded by restricted access to markets for the optimal in flows of agricultural commodities; with negative implications on stocks levels and relatively on food prices.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  Nutrition: Nutrition situation in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States remains a challenge. This has been majorly attributed to gaps in caregiver's nutritional dietary knowledge and hygiene practices. Stressed to emergency malnutrition thresholds was witnessed in several LGAs of these states  ( Adamawa, Borno and Yobe )  during the current period. Stressed threshold GAM rate of 7.5% was reported in LGAs of Adamawa  ( North )  State. In Borno  ( North )  and Yobe  ( Central )  crisis threshold GAM rate of 14.5% and 14.7% was witnessed; while in Yobe  ( central )  GAM rate is under the emergency threshold of 15.8%. For the other 15 states and the FCT, no current nutrition information was available to assess the situation.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  Sporadic attacks by the non state armed groups  ( NSAG )  in the northeast states of Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe have continued to negatively impact on livelihoods and consequently on food and nutrition stability. High incidences of insecurity  ( banditry and kidnapping )  was witnessed in several farming communities of Katsina, Kaduna, Sokoto and Niger States leading to increase in the number of internally displaced persons  ( IDPs ) . These internally displaced populations in northeast and northwest Nigeria remain vulnerable to food and nutrition insecurity.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  Livelihood Change Most livelihood activities across the states showed deterioration, with several zones/LGAs in emergency arising basically from the global pandemic  ( COVID 19 ) , insecurity and rise in cost of production inputs. In the projected situation, several households in the some states  ( Katsina, Sokoto, Kaduna, Yobe, Adamawa and Borno )  are likely to resort to emergency coping strategies that may result to further collapse in livelihoods; in the absence of conscious livelihood intervention stimulus packages.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  RECOMMENDATION: Develop strategic actions that will mitigate the effect of the hazards  ( Insecurity, COVID 19 pandemic and floods )  on food and nutrition security. To achieve this, there is need for government and the humanitarian community to scale up and sustain the on going food aid and livelihood intervention programs in the affected population; particularly those residing in inaccessible and accessible communities of partially inaccessible LGAs of Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe States including IDPs displaced by floods and insecurity in northwest states of Katsina, Sokoto and Kaduna States. 4. The government should intensify effort to improve the security situation, across the states in order to reduce the on going displacement of farming communities and avert further disruption of livelihoods in affected states.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  Several households across the 15 states and the FCT are currently enjoying marginal favorable food access due to increased market and household stock levels from 2020/21 early and on going seasonal harvest. Nonetheless, increase in prices of major staple foods were reported across the states; which has been attributed to the lingering disruptive impact of the COVID 19 restriction measures on food distribution and supply chains which has been further compounded by the hike in fuel prices.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  Stability: In the current period, marginal stable market and household food stocks availability were reported across the states; with several households having food stocks that will last for a duration of 3 to 6 months. In the inaccessible areas of Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, and some LGAs of Sokoto and Katsina States, movement restriction, limited access to arable land and loss of livelihood opportunities negatively impacted stability. In the projected period, market and households' food stock is expected to deplete across the states; and most significantly in insecurity challenged areas. Nonetheless, the anticipated favourable output from 2020/21 dry/irrigation season farming may complement and sustained minimal food stability across the states.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  CMAM admissions rates across the 15 states and the FCT states decreased by 65% and 67% in 2020 compared to 2019 and five year average owing to improvement in health intervention programmes such as family planning, malaria elimination programmes, maternal and newborn child health care week activities, community health influencers and promotion services, Integrated Community Case Management  ( ICCM )  and Integrated Management of Childhood Illness  ( IMCI )
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  RECOMMENDATION: Partners; 1. The CH Coordinating agency  ( FMARD/PCU/NPFS )  should develop and implement practical actions for communicating the outcome of the CH analysis at all levels of governance to trigger appropriate responses towards addressing food and nutrition insecurity among vulnerable populations. 2. The need for partners to sustain the joint support for the timely conduct of food and nutrition security assessments' to enhance data availability for the CH analysis, particularly in inaccessible locations within the northeast states and other states or communities experiencing security challenges.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  The main results for zones/LGAs affected by food and nutrition insecurity in the 15 states of Adamawa, Bauchi, Benue, Borno, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Niger, Plateau, Taraba, Sokoto, Yobe and the FCT indicated that 146 Zones/LGAs in the fifteen  ( 15 )  states and the FCT are classified under the minimal phase of food and nutrition insecurity in the current period. During the projected period, 58 LGAs in Adamawa, Borno, Yobe, and Sokoto States will be either in the crisis or emergency phase of food and nutrition insecurity.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  RECOMMENDATION: For Action : 1. Develop and implement effective strategies for institutionalizing the CH process, through its inclusion in annual budget lines at the State and Federal levels. The budget should include providing funds to the relevant structures for conducting food and nutrition security assessments, including market monitoring and crop performance assessment to enhance the availability of credible and reliable data for the CH analysis. 2. Sustain the current intensive public enlightenment and enforcement of the standard preventive management protocols proscribed by the WHO and National Centre for Disease Control  ( NCDC )  to further avert the active community spread of the COVID 19 pandemic and its negative impact on livelihoods activities across the CH states and the country.
[ 5thNov2020,Nigeria ]  RECOMMENDATION: Partners; Regional and International partners  ( CILSS, FAO, WFP, FEWSNET, SCI and others )  should regularly conduct technical backstopping to relevant national and state level structures with the mandate of food and nutrition security build synergy that will promote data availability for the sustenance of the CH process in Nigeria. 4. The need for partners to support government in facilitating the establishment of a national ‘Early Warning System'  ( EWS )  to coordinate efficient food and nutrition security  ( FNS )  data generation, collation and dissemination among stakeholders. 5. There is need for stakeholders' collaboration in facilitating the expansion of the CH analysis to the southern states of the country, so as to have a country wide overview of the food and nutrition security situation.
[ 15th Apr 2021, North East, Nigeria ]  No fewer than three persons have reportedly been killed in Rafinkada, a Taraba community, by suspected bandits. The bandits according to residents gained access to the community in Wukari local government council, from neighbouring Benue State. The attackers were said to have killed two women and an elderly man in the community. The bandits' attack is coming barely two weeks after three farmers were gruesomely murdered in their farms located in the same local government council while working in their farms.
[ 13thJuly 2020,Nigeria ] The resultant unscheduled, sweeping school closures also pose an unprecedented challenge to Nigeria's education sector. An estimated 80 million children, youth, and adult learners in the system are deprived access to schools and have very limited alternative learning opportunities for an expected three month period at the minimum. The closure of schools and learning facilities during the pandemic will also result in further deterioration in facilities and capacities for the delivery of quality education.
[ 1st Mar 2020,Nigeria ] The index case of COVID 19 in Nigeria was confirmed in February 2020. Subsequent developments leads to indefinite closure of all schools and learning facilities in Nigeria in March 2020. Schools are not only places of learning; they also provide social protection, nutrition, health services emotional support for the most disadvantaged. It is expected that the longer schools are closed, the more the learning loss, the greater the exacerbation of inequalities, the deeper the learning crisis and the greater the exposure of the most vulnerable children to risk of exploitation. This development will have a negative impact on the rights of learners, and poses a very big challenge to the realization of Sustainable Development Goal 4 on inclusive and quality education.
[ 13thJuly 2020,Nigeria ] The economic pressures and negative impact of school closures on girls, children living with disabilities, those in lower income families, those living in rural and remote areas or in conflict affected states and those without access to family support networks or online or other distance learning platforms limit their access to their fundamental right to a safe and inclusive education. In addition, the pandemic's health risk to learners and teachers is very high and may be devastating without effective risk mitigation measures.
[ 13thJuly 2020,Nigeria ] Without an effective response, the impact of COVID 19 will further aggravate the already weakened Nigerian education sector, which lacks required resilience. Furthermore, the school closures will inadvertently increase the poor educational outcomes in some states. However, there are also inherent opportunities in the response to COVID 19. Available resources from global initiatives to support COVID 19 response can be leveraged by Nigeria to comprehensively address long standing weaknesses of the education sector for enhanced functionality and resilience. This is an opportunity to strengthen the education system to be more inclusive and resilient in future crises.
[ 13thJuly 2020,Nigeria ] In schools and other learning facilities, learners should be supported to stay two meters apart. This requirement reflects current NCDC public advice at the time of writing. For examples, classrooms, dining halls, staffrooms and offices should have sufficient space to allow for two meter separation between all individuals. However, there are exceptions where the two meter rule cannot be reasonably applied and other risk mitigation strategies may be adopted.
[ 2nd   8th Aug 2021, Yobe State ]  CHALLENGES: Stock out of reagent in the molecular laboratory interrupting COVID 19 testing within the state. Massive population displacement and attacks on hospitals and PHC centers by the Non state Armed. Groups  ( NSAGs )  are disrupting COVID 19 response and health services in affected LGAs  ( Geidam, Yunusari, and Gujba LGAs ) . Insecurity and military operations are limiting contact tracing, active case search, and community sensitization in security compromised LGAs. Bad geographical is limiting access to remote communities to sustain COVID 19 prevention activities.
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] The results of the repeated surveys are representative of accessible areas of the three states. The situation may be worse in inaccessible and newly accessible LGAs as exemplified by high SAM rate  ( 4.0% )  in northern Borno during 3rd round as well as the Bama SMART survey where the GAM rates by WHZ amongst new arrivals was 37.5% as against 7.8% for those that were in the camp for a longer period. The new arrival screening data is also suggestive of dire nutrition situation in inaccessible areas.
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Stunting is a measure of chronic malnutrition that occurs because of inadequate nutrition over a longer period. Stunting is assessed by length or height for age Z scores  ( HAZ ) . Prevalence was highest in Yobe  ( 43.7% )  by state and in Southern Yobe  ( 44.6% )  by domain  ( see the table and the figure below ) . Underweight refers to the proportion of children with low weight for age. It can be interpreted as the number of children that are too thin for their age. The prevalence of underweight was highest in Yobe  ( 28.6% )  by state and Central Yobe  ( 33.4% )  by domain  ( see the table below ) .
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Malnutrition among women has important implications for both the health of the woman and that of her children. Malnourished women experience increased susceptibility to infections, slow recovery from illness, and a heightened risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The prevalence of a cute malnutrition is 5 times higher in adolescent girls  ( 15 19 years )  than older women  ( 30.1 vs. 6.2% ) . By state, prevalence of malnutrition was highest in Yobe  ( 14.6 )  and in Northern Yobe  ( 16.1% )  by domain  ( see the table and figure below ) .
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Recommendations: Nutrition emergency response can be focused to areas with higher prevalence of acute malnutrition. All children with acute malnutrition should have access to treatment. However  survey results suggest the response can be further focused within the emergency states  including newly accessible areas. Focus should be placed on the areas where the prevalence of acute malnutrition exceeds high levels Northern Borno, Central Borno  Northern Yobe  Central Yobe  and Southern Yobe as well as newly accessible areas as they become accessible to humanitarian actors.
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Recommendations: Improve coverage of interventions that prevents malnutrition in children 0 59 months and women including infant and young child feeding  ( IYCF )   Vitamin A and Micro Nutrient Powder  ( MNP ) . The survey result reveals low coverage for interventions that prevents malnutrition amongst children. Exclusive breast feeding rate was below 65% in all 3 states while breastfeeding up to 2 years was 30.8% in Adamawa  18.4% in Borno and 26.2% in Yobe state. Vitamin A coverage was also below 45% in all 3 states while MNP coverage was highest in Borno  ( 9.2% )  and below 6.5% in both Adamawa and Yobe states. Despite current on going scale up and response in these interventions  coverage remains as best low and patchy. Increasing the coverage of these lifesaving interventions will significantly reduce the burden of acute malnutrition in the 3 emergency states.
[ 1st Nov2020,Dikwa LGA ,Borno state ] 51% of internally displaced households reported and 61% of nondisplaced households reported not having access to enough water to meet their household's daily needs.26% of internally displaced households and 44% of non displaced households reported not having access to enough drinking water.
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Recommendations: Improve coverage of effective nutrition intervention aimed at improving the nutritional status of adolescent girls. Based on the preliminary results  adolescent girls are 5 times most likely to be acutely malnourished than older women 20 45 years  ( 30.1% vs. 6.2% ) . This makes it imperative to improve the coverage of effective nutritional interventions for the adolescent preconception period in order to break the vicious cycle of malnutrition.
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Recommendations: As a sector  a few targeted and high quality small scale survey should be organized immediately in newly accessible areas and at LGA levels to provide representative estimates of acute malnutrition and mortality. Based on the preliminary results shared  sector partners should organize small scale surveys in areas at LGA level in the areas where they are operating and are deemed to have estimates above the domain level point estimates. These surveys will be aimed to provide rigorous  population representative estimates of acute malnutrition and mortality in areas believed by sector partners to have higher prevalence than that observed at the domain level. Rapid screenings should be used to accesses the nutrition situation in newly accessible areas to inform a response to the conditions identified.
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Recommendations: Continue strengthening on going food and nutrition response which may be attributable for the declines in acute malnutrition prevalence documented. During the period of the survey and the months preceding it  there has been an on going humanitarian response in the emergency states that included increased outreach and treatment of acute malnutrition through CMAM programs as well as general food and/or cash distributions. Continuing and strengthening these activities should remain a priority.
[ 1st Oct 2020North East Nigeria ] According to the International Organization of Migration's  ( IOM )  Displacement Tracking Matrix  ( DTM )  round XXXIII  ( August 2020 )  report, there are 2,118,550 internal displaced persons  ( IDPs )  spread across Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states. This represents an increase of 30,426 persons or 2.0% compared to the population identified in Round XXXII  ( June 2020 ) . Compare to round XXXII, there was no increase in coverage of locations in 2 wards of Gubio while Abadam, Marte, Guzamala, Nganzai and Kukawa LGAs remain inaccessible.
[ 1st Oct 2020 North East Nigeria ] The impact on freedom of movement, livelihoods, markets, and humanitarian access have resulted in a severe food security and nutrition emergency in North East Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Northern Cameroon. The recent update of Cadre Harmonisé analysis conducted in March 2020 and the FEWSNET Nigeria Food Security Outlook June 2020 – January 2021 suggested deterioration of the nutrition and food security situation with more people facing crisis
[ 1st Oct 2020 North East Nigeria ]  The Boko Haram insurgency has caused mass population displacement throughout the North East Nigeria since 2012, when the government declared a state of emergency secondary to the conflict. The emergency is currently focused in Borno Yobe and Adamawa states. The insurgency and political violence in these states has caused population displacement, disruption in livelihoods, and acute food insecurity which may invariably increase the risk of malnutrition and mortality in affected populations.
[ 1stJune 1st August 2020North East Nigeria ] The CH analysis shows that 2,88,288 people were in crisis for the period of March May 2020 which was posited to increase to 3,705,186 people in crisis for the period of June August 2020. The situation is worse for the 594,205 people living in inaccessible areas with 314,047 expected to be in crisis for the period of March May 2020 which will increase to 378,464 for the period of June to August 2020. This is mainly attributed to sustained conflict associated with the insurgents coupled with the COVID 19 pandemic and associated restrictions.
[ 1st Oct North East Nigeria ] Recommendations: Improve coverage of public health interventions including deworming medication and measles vaccinations. Measles vaccination campaigns have been organized in the 3 emergency states. However  data suggest that coverage of measles vaccination is below 90% coverage rate required to give herd immunity in all the domains except Northern Adamawa which was at 90.9%. A vaccination campaign should therefore be ramped up given insufficient coverage in the context of an ongoing outbreak and COVID 19 pandemic. Additionally  despite ongoing distributions of deworming medication as part of routine activities and through campaigns  coverage remains low in all domains  ( below 30% in all domains except Northern Borno with 47% and as low as 10% in Central Borno ) .
[ 14th  18th December 2020, Nigeria ] A total of 210 responses were obtained. The top 4 behavior changes are as follows • Unwillingness to go to school – mentioned by 41% of respondents. • More aggressive behavior   mentioned by 31% of respondents. • Disrespectful behavior in the family   mentioned by 27% of respondents. • Spending more time with friends   mentioned by 22% of respondents.
[ 18thDec2020,Nigeria ] The NCDC also advised Others are: “ Limit the number of people seated in an office, ensuring there is adequate space to allow for reasonable physical distancing. Business owners should limit the number customers entering and being served in their shops or premises, at one time. Office, shops and business premises must be well ventilated and cleaned regularly throughout the day, ensuring that frequently touched surfaces like desks, countertops, work stations, railings, door handles, are cleaned and disinfected. An occupational health and infectious diseases preparedness plan must be place, in case an employee, customer or visitor becomes unwell.
[ 07   13 Dec 2020 Nigeria ] Ngala: 160 arrivals were recorded in Ngala LGA of Borno state. The arrivals included 90 from Rann “A' ward in Kala/Balge LGA of Borno state and 70 from Marwa region in Cameroon. All of the movements recorded were triggered by voluntary relocation. Bama: 145 arrivals were recorded in Bama LGA of Borno state. The arrivals included 77 from Bama LGA of Borno state and 68 from Marwa region in Cameroon. 53 per cent of the movements recorded were due to poor living conditions and 47 per cent were as a result of voluntary relocation.
[ 07   13 Dec 2020 Nigeria ] Askira/Uba: 445 arrivals and 81 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. The arrivals included 235 from Geidam LGA of Yobe state, 206 from Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state and 4 from Akko LGA of Gombe state. The departures recorded included 74 to Askira/Uba and 7 to Damboa LGAs of Borno state. 45 per cent relocated voluntarily, 28 per cent of the movements recorded were as a result of improved security, 26 per cent due to conflict/attack and 1 per cent due to poor living conditions. Gwoza: 328 arrivals were recorded in Gwoza LGA of Borno state. The arrivals included 163 from Marwa region in Cameroon, 47 from Askira/Uba, 32 from Jere, 4 from Maiduguri Metropolitan Council LGAs of Borno state and 39 from Yola North, 31 from Mubi North and 12 from Maiha LGAs of Adamawa state. 61 per cent of the movements recorded were triggered by poor living conditions and the remaining 39 per cent relocated as a result of conflict/attack.
[ 1st Nov2020,Dikwa LGA ,Borno state ] Internally displaced households that reported knowing their approximate income in the 30 days prior to data collection  ( 40% ) , reported earning an average 8,324 NGN, compared to non displaced households  ( 49% )  who reported an average 4,603 NGN.31% of displaced households reported earning no income in the 30 days prior to data collection, compared to 22% of non displaced households.
[ 16th Mar 2021,North east Nigeria ] Host Communities: In the event of abuse by aid providers, according to the Ground Truth Solutions study, most CVA recipients surveyed  ( 79% )  stated that they are aware of how to report issues. Aid beneficiaries in Yobe stated that they would report to community volunteers; those in Borno were more likely to contact local authorities; and in Adamawa recipients would report to family and friends in the case of abuse. Religious leaders and the police are more preferred as a reporting channel in Adamawa than the other states.
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] Internally Displaced People  ( IDPs )  and returnees were found to be particularly affected. This was particularly true in Borno, where 98% of IDP households were found to have multi sectoral needs, followed closely by Adamawa and Yobe  ( both 96% ) . The second most affected population group was returnee households, with 97% of returnee households in Borno, 90% of in Adamawa, and 90% of in Yobe having multi sectoral needs. Finally, the proportion of non displaced households with multi sectoral needs was 92% in Borno, 93% in Adamawa and 83% in Yobe.
[ 1st Nov2020,Dikwa LGA ,Borno state ] 1% of internally displaced households and 1% of non displaced households reported that at least one household member had faced movement restrictions in their neighborhood or village in the 30 days prior to data collection
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] WASH and Food Security & Livelihood  ( FSL )  LSGs were found to be common drivers of needs in all three states, with 44%, 38% and 21% of households with multi sectoral needs in Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe, respectively, having this intersection of LSGs. While high WASH needs were also found in previous MSNAs6 , the proportion of households with a WASH LSG was found to have increased in 2020. This increase is mostly driven by the COVID 19 pandemic and a change in the methodology to reflect preventive behaviors required to limit the spread of COVID 19.
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] Severity of needs varied across sates. Borno had the highest proportion  ( 69% )  of households with extreme or higher multi sectoral needs, followed closely by Adamawa  ( 66% )  and Yobe  ( 52% ) . However, the largest proportion of households with an MSNI score of 4+  ( extreme+ )  was in Adamawa  ( 6% ) . This compares to only 2% of the households in Yobe and 1% in Borno. These extreme+ needs were largely driven by households' Water, Sanitation and Hygiene  ( WASH )  needs, particularly a lack of sanitation facilities and open defecation.
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ]  The vast majority of households across the BAY states were found to have multi sectoral needs , with Borno still the epicentre of the crisis  ( 94% of households, or approximately 1,378,0004 households ) . Similarly, 92%  ( 717,000 )  of households in Adamawa and 86%  ( 393,000 )  of households in Yobe were found to have multisectoral needs.
[ 1st Nov2020,Dikwa LGA ,Borno state ] 59% of internally displaced households and 53% of non displaced households reported that at least one adult household member did not have a valid form of national identification at the time of data collection. Of households reporting having at least one household member under the age of 18 years old, 91% of internally displaced households  ( n=96 )  reported that at least one household member under the age of 18 did not have a birth certificate at the time of data collection, compared to 74% of non displaced households  ( n=99 ) .2
[ 14th  18th December 2020, Nigeria ] What kind of behavior changes have you noticed in older/adolescents' boys  ( 11 – 18 ) , especially in the last 6 months? A total of 210 responses were obtained. The top four behavior changes are as follows • More aggressive behavior   mentioned by 40% of respondents. • Disrespectful behavior in the family   mentioned by 39% of respondents. • Unwillingness to go to school – mentioned by 35% of respondents. • Less willingness to help caregivers and siblings   mentioned by 27% of respondents.
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] The COVID 19 pandemic also contributed to an extended period of decreased accessibility for humanitarian partners, exacerbating FSL needs. Lockdowns instituted across the three states prevented the movement of humanitarian workers and supplies . Accompanying these movement restrictions was increased activities from Organized Armed Groups  ( OAGs )  9 preventing distributions of food and fuel from reaching key areas across the BAY states. These wider accessibility issues across the North East contributed to a decrease in food and fuel availability10, having crucial implications on the food security of households.
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] The second most common intersections of LSGs was WASH and education in Adamawa  ( 31% of households with multi sectoral needs )  and Yobe  ( 19% ) . Education needs were also deepened by the COVID19 pandemic and corresponding measures taken to limit its spread, such as the closures of schools and the ensuing difficulties to learn remotely.
[ 14th  18th December 2020, Nigeria ] What do you think causes young boys the most stress/anxiety? A total of 209 responses were obtained. The top 3 causes of stress/anxiety are as follows • Lack of food   mentioned by 43% of respondents. • Attacks   mentioned by 37% of respondents. • Not being able to go back to school – mentioned by 33% of respondents.
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] In Borno, the second most prevalent intersection of sectoral LSGs was WASH and shelter LSGs  ( 22% of households with multi sectoral needs ) ; this was particularly the case for IDP households  ( 46% ) . Borno also had the highest proportion of households with protection LSGs  ( 27% ) , as compared to Adamawa  ( 21% )  and Yobe  ( 18% ) , especially returnee  ( 35% )  and IDP households  ( 34% ) . These findings demonstrate how insecurity and displacement in Borno directly impacts household needs, as Borno continues to be the epicentre of the crisis.
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] While only low proportions of households were found not to have multi sectoral needs, the majority of those relied on negative and unsustainable coping strategies. These households may not be able to sustain another shock and/or may become in need once those strategies are exhausted. The highest proportion of households with a capacity gap and no multi sectoral needs at the time of data collection, was found in Yobe  ( 10% ) . This proportion was lower in Adamawa  ( 5% )  and in Borno  ( 4% ) .
[ 14th  18th December 2020, Nigeria ] What do you think causes older/adolescent girls the most stress/anxiety? A total of 208 responses were obtained. The top 3 causes of stress/anxiety are as follows • Lack of food   mentioned by 47% of respondents. • Attacks   mentioned by 30% of respondents. • Being separated from their families– mentioned by 29% of respondents.
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Analysis of the Round 36 data demonstrated that the majority or 89 per cent of IDPs are displaced within their state of origin. Eleven per cent of IDPs did travel between different states in search for safety and security. When considering the same data at LGA level, 56 per cent of IDPs were residing in an LGA other than their LGA of origin. Furthermore, in 93 per cent of the wards assessed, the presence of IDPs originating from a different ward was reported
[ 1st Dec2020,Borno ] In total, 55% of Borno IDP households with multi sectoral needs were found to have both WASH and FSL LSGs, compared to 38% in Borno  ( all population groups combined ) , whilst 46% had an intersection of WASH and shelter LSGs compared to an aggregated 22%. As discussed in the previous section, IDPs in Borno were the most likely to have shelter needs compared to other population groups, mostly driven by displacement due to insecurity.
[ 13th March 8th April 2021,Northeast Nigeria ] The Fourth Wave  ( March 13   April 8 ) : KIs estimated that at least 80% of the roughly 28,000 people originally displaced from Dikwa following the attacks have returned and more continue to do so. KIs attributed these returns to the increased perceptions of security in Dikwa town with the return of military personnel and to the lack of access to basic services and livelihood opportunities in displacement locations.
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  With UNICEF support: 28,538 children with severe acute malnutrition  ( SAM )  were admitted for treatment in UNICEF supported treatment facilities in the three north east states 616,705 conflict affected children, women and men were reached with integrated Primary Health Care  ( PHC )  services
[ 1st Dec2020,BAY states ] Whilst a minority of households reported receiving humanitarian aid, the largest proportion of these households were in Borno, where 21% reported receiving humanitarian aid in the three months prior to data collection15. This was compared to 5% of households in Adamawa and 9% of households in Yobe. The population group with the highest proportion of households receiving humanitarian aid in Borno was IDP households  ( 38% ) , followed by returnee households  ( 28% )  and non displaced households  ( 14% ) . This aligns with the wider findings of the MSNA, with a higher proportion of IDP and returnee households in Borno found to have multi sectoral needs compared to non displaced populations.
[ 1st  7th March 2021, Nigeria ]  Ngala: 171 arrivals were recorded in Ngala LGA of Borno State. The arrivals recorded were 171 individuals from Kala/Balge LGA of Borno State. All individuals recorded relocated as a result of poor living conditions.
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  Host Communities Mirroring the situation in camps/camp like settings, malaria was the most prevalent health ailment among IDPs residing among host communities in 53 per cent of the locations assessed  ( down from 71% ) . Malaria was followed by fever  ( in 23% of locations – up from 15% )  and cough  ( in 14% of locations – up from 6% ) . Similar numbers were reported for the state of Borno
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  Heavy rain and flooding continued to affect the north east states. An estimated 6,742 households have been affected in Internally Displaced Persons  ( IDP )  camps in Borno State, with considerable damages to some of the water, sanitation and hygiene facilities, further increasing the risk of a cholera outbreak.
[ 14th  18th December 2020, Nigeria ] Noticeable changes in caregivers' attitude towards the children Out of the 203 responses obtained, 35% said they noticed changes in the attitude of caregivers towards the children. Prominent amount the attitudes noted include: • Paying less attention to children's needs – mentioned by 45%. • Spending less time with children – mentioned by 44%.
[ 14th  18th December 2020, Nigeria ] What do you think are the main sources of stress for caregivers in the community?: A total 205 responses were obtained. 69% mentioned lack of shelter, 68% mentioned lost livelihood and 58% mentioned loss of property
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  A total of 616,705 children, women and men were reached with Out Patient Department  ( OPD )  consultations for integrated Primary Health Care  ( PHC )  services in all UNICEF supported health facilities in the IDP camps and host communities in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States, out of which 295,803  ( 48% )  were children below five years. Duringthe reporting period, 464,997 OPD consultations for curative services were recorded, with Malaria 132,118 being the major cause of consultations, followed by Acute Respiratory Infections  ( ARI )  – 186,262; AWD – 8,976; measles – 88, and other medical conditions – 137,553.
[ 16th Jun 2021, Nigeria ]  In Nigeria's north eastern states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe, a 2019 ban on transporting solid fertiliser has crippled thousands of households, many of whom include farmers who depend on this to cultivate crops. The prohibition on cultivating and marketing red peppers in the Diffa region of Niger has been similarly debilitating.
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  Sanitation facilities were provided to 9,220 people through construction of 437 latrines in Muna Garage, Custom House, Farm Centre and Mafa camps in Borno  ( 8,740 ) . Renewed access to safe sanitation facilities was provided for 88,550 beneficiaries through the desludging of 1,771 latrines in 10 IDP camps in Borno. A total of 20,054 households  ( 120,324 persons )  benefited from distribution of hygiene replenishment kits  ( top ups ) , soaps distribution, and hygiene messages in Borno and Yobe.
[ 1st  30thSep2020,Nigeria ]  VCMs visited 244,306 households reaching 340,019 caregivers with messages on COVID 19, hygiene, Early Breastfeeding  ( EBF ) , ANC, RI and others; 51,003 of these caregivers are IDPs. • 1,614 compound meetings were conducted with 14,5571 participants. • 638 Jumaat mosques and 295 Churches delivered sermons with pro health and COVID 19 messages
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  COMMUNICATION Camps and camp like settings Friends, neighbours and family were cited as the most trusted source of information in 52 per cent of camps/camp like settings  ( down by 2% )  ) , followed by local and community leaders in 34 per cent of camps/camp like settings  ( up by 5% )  and aid workers in 7 per cent of camps/camplike settings
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  LIVELIHOODS Camps and camp like settings In 37 per cent of camps/camp like settings assessed, petty trade was cited as the main occupation of IDPs  ( up from 36% during Round 35 ) , followed by jobs as a daily wage labourer which were cited in 30 per cent of camps/camp like settings as the main occupation of IDPs  ( similar to Round 35 ) . In 24 per cent of camps/camp like settings, farming was cited as the main occupation of IDPs  ( similar to Round 35 ) .
[ 19th 25th April 2021, Nigeria: Borno State ] 1 new case confirmed for the reported week. Total number of Confirmed Cases as at end of epi week 16 stands at 1,341 . 1 active case receiving care. Total number of patients discharged for the week – 2 . Cumulative number discharged so far – 1,300 • No death recorded in week 16 •.Total associated deaths – 38  ( 26 in Isolation facilities and 12 community death. )
[ 1st Dec 2020,North east Nigeria ] In communities hosting IDPs, 56 per cent of respondents said services were impacted by the pandemic either on site  ( 35% )  or off site  ( 21% ) . This number increased with 2 per cent compared to the Round 3 of assessment. Bauchi had the highest number of respondents reporting that services were impacted by the pandemic on site at 52 per cent, followed by Yobe at 50 per cent and Adamawa at 31 per cent. In Borno, services were reported disrupted on site in 29 per cent of the locations assessed. Among communities hosting IDPs were respondents reported that off site services were impacted by COVID 19, Taraba topped the list with 43 per cent, followed by Borno at 31 per cent and Adamawa at 28 per cent.
[ 19th May 2021, North East Nigeria ]  PROTECTION Camps/camp like settings Security was provided in 86 per cent  ( up from 85% in Round 35 )  of camps/camp like settings. Similar to the last round of assessments, this number was reported at 92 per cent in the camps/camp like settings in the most affected state of Borno.