nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
Conflict in northeast Nigeria continues to threaten lives and livelihoods. Affected resident and displaced populations continue to face significant difficulty meeting their basic food needs, and worst affected areas are likely in Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 ) . Inaccessible areas are likely facing similar or worse food security outcomes as neighboring, accessible areas. More extreme levels of acute food insecurity are possible in a worst case scenario where displaced populations become cutoff due to a shift in conflict and emergency assistance provision is halted. • Many households continue to be impacted by farmer/herder conflict in central and northern states, and affected populations remain displaced in Zamfara, Katsina, Kaduna, Taraba, Plateau, Benue, Nasarawa, and Adamawa states. The conflict keeps households from engaging in normal livelihood activities in affected areas. Larger populations have restricted access to market and income opportunities in Zamfara and Katsina states and will likely be Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  through September 2018.
Bursari: 1,413 departures were recorded in Bursari LGA of Yobe state. These include 998 departures from Dapchi ward and 415 from Guba ward. All the departures were due to flood.
Recently concluded Biometric Registration in Monguno LGA, within the period of 10 February   30 March 2019, has brought the total number of displaced persons into 123,336 individuals  ( 36,879 households ) . The average family size within the location is 4, with 45 per cent of the families comprising of 3 4 members; 26 per cent comprising of 5   6 members; 17 per cent comprising 1  2 members and 4 per cent comprising of 9 and above members.
Geidam: 2,802 departures were recorded in Geidam LGA of Yobe state. These include 858 departures from Asheikri ward, 644 from Gumsa ward, 494 from Kawuri ward, 364 from Hausari ward, 325 from Ma'anna/Dagambi ward and 117 from Balle Ward. All the departures were due to flood.
The recent IOM assessment report in October 2018 indicates there are over 1.8 million displaced persons across Borno, Yobe and Adamawa states. Borno state remains the epicenter of the Boko Haram conflict and is hosting over 1.4 million IDPs. Heightened tensions in recent months have triggered further displacement, with close to 72,000 new arrivals registered between November 2018 and January 2019, mainly in Borno state. The recent insurgent attacks are mainly in northern and east central Borno state, Geidam, Gujba in Yobe state as well as Madagali in Adamawa state. An estimated 280,000 incoming and projected new arrivals through April 2019 from the 16 identified hotspot LGAs are been targeted for humanitarian assistance. The impact of the persisting conflict coupled with the general election and anticipated post election violence has likely deterred and led humanitarian actors to down scale their activities leading to a reduction in food assistance delivered across the three conflict affected states in January 2019 relative to December 2018. In January 2019 about 1.42 million people benefitted with food assisted as against 2.17 million people in December 2018, within the same area
A total of 14,587 displaced persons arrived in Monguno within the period of November 2018   March 2019 as a result of the recent hostilities in Kukawa LGA and some parts of Borno state. 98 per cent of the total IDPs originated from Borno state  ( 43% from others wards in Monguno, 32% from Marte 19% from Kukawa, 4% from Guzamala and 2% from other LGAs.
Although source of livelihood has been disrupted for asylum seekers who had to flee to Nigeria with no belongings because of the ongoing conflict in Cameroon.
In North East Nigeria, many rely on selfmade shelters, often using straw and wood. During the rainy season, the thatched roofs are leaking and the ground becomes mud, easily spreading disease
Bauchi State Police Command has confirmed the death of one person during the Durbar procession, when district heads of Bauchi Emirate paid homage to the governor at the Government House, Bauchi.
Three separate fire outbreaks at Fulatari Camp and Government Girls Secondary School  ( GGSS )  Camp Monguno have left 79 IDPs homeless, and properties belonging to the victims destroyed.
The crisis, largely triggered by a regionalized armed conflict, is one of the most severe protection crises in the world, with civilians bearing the brunt of ongoing hostilities, malnutrition, food insecurity, displacements, and dire conditions including over congestion and severe shortages of shelters across camps and communities hosting IDPs. Social safety net and socio economic resources are depleted with most populations depending on meagre and overstretched humanitarian services. Food insecurity remains a major concern as more than 22 per cent of the population in BAY states are estimated to be food insecure  ( nine per cent increase compared to the projection made in 2018 ) , with pockets of malnutrition. Acute malnutrition in children under the age of five is above emergency thresholds in various areas across the three states. More needs to be done even though humanitarian partners have reached a third of the population targeted for assistance as of June 2019, despite operational challenges and funding shortfalls.
Askira/Uba: 250 arrivals and 7 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. These include 242 arrivals from Gatamarwa ward of Chibok LGA, 8 arrivals from Damare ward of Girei LGA of Adamawa state, 4 departures from Mayo Bani ward of Mubi North LGA and 3 departures from Humshe ward of Madagali LGA of Adamawa State. 97% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to fear of being a�acked while 3% was as a result of improved security. 43% of the departures was triggered by improved security while 57% was due to poor living condi�ons. Chibok: 13 arrivals and 169 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. These include 13 arrivals from Thilmakalama in Gatamarwa ward of Chibok LGA tracked at Garu ward of Chibok LGA and 169 departures from Hausari in Zadawa ward of Askira/Uba LGA of Borno State. The new arrivals reported to have relocated due the ongoing conflict while fear of being a�acked triggered the departures.
Conflict situation: Attacks by insurgents have intensified between November 2018 and February 2019. Recently, there are attacks by the insurgents in northern Borno including Kukawa, Guzamala, Mobbar, Monguno, and Nganzai. Similarly, there are attacks in Kala Balge, Dikwa and Ngala resulting in substantial displacement of population towards the major cities of Monguno, Konduga and Maiduguri. Others relocated to Bama, Damboa and other urban areas. Affected population from Kala Balge, however moved to – Goura town, Far North Region of Cameroon. About 35,000 people from Rann relocated to Cameroon, and between 40,000 to 50,000 others are left behind and others returning to Rann. In Yobe state there were attacks in Gujba and IDPs relocated to Damaturu, the state capital. Similarly, there are two attacks in Madagali LGA in Adamawa state in early February 2019. The security situation in Monguno is said to be relatively calm but remains unpredictable. There are recent attacks by non state armed group  ( NSAG )  in some wardsin Kukawa LGA namely: Baga, Doro, Bunduram, Kekeno, Kauwa, Kukawa and; Mairari, Bunari  ( Guzamala LGA ) . Similarly, the ongoing military operations around the Lake Chad region has necessitated the influx of populations from these locations into Monguno town to seek refuge due to direct attack and/or fear of being attacked.
As a result of the recent incessant attacks by Boko Haram, over 35,000 people fled the Nigerian town of Rann to Far North Cameroon on the last weekend of end January.  At the same time, hundreds of Nigerian refugees seeking refuge in Cameroon were reported to have been forcibly returned to Nigeria as the Cameroonian authorities refused their entry in the country. Refoulement took place on the 16, 17 and 28 January, raising concerns about the adherence by Cameroon to the principle of non refoulement. The Foreign Minister of Cameroon underlines however that Cameroon is keen to respect its international obligations.
Foreign investment inflow into the Nigeria oil and gas industry declined sharply by 59.7 per cent to $133.51 million in 2018, compared to $331.36 million recorded in 2017, according to data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics, NBS.Using current exchange rate of N306.75 to a dollar, $133.51 million foreign capital inflow into the petroleum industry translated to an investment of N40.95 billion. Analysis of the NBS, National Capital Importation Report for the Fourth Quarter of 2018, showed that in the first quarter of 2018, the petroleum industry recorded the highest foreign capital inflow, with $85.62 million. Further analysis revealed that foreign investment inflow depreciated by 70.97 per cent to $24.85 million in the second quarter of 2018, dropping further by 68.9 per cent to $7.73 million in the third quarter of 2018, while in the fourth quarter, $15.31 million foreign investment flowed into the sector, representing an improvement of 98.06 per cent compared to the third quarter figure.
Lower immunization rates, overcrowding conditions in IDP settlements and host communities and overstretched health services are contributing to this outbreak. At least 40% of IDP camps in northern Borno are severely overcrowded, with some camps providing only two square meters per person, twenty times lower than the minimum emergency standard, significantly increasing the risk of epidemics and infectious diseases. Additional space is critically required to accommodate 90,000 people to ensure safe and healthy leaving conditions.
Humanitarian Situation in Hard to Reach Areas: The UNOCHA preliminary HRP report in December 2018 revealed that the conditions of new arrivals to major centres suggest high levels of deprivation in hard to reach areas. Even the most basic services for survival were unavailable in the “bush' and “hunger' is causing many reported deaths. The situation is reportedly much more severe because Boko Haram has increased looting of food from civilian populations, and cultivation is restricted. Many families are surviving reportedly on boiled leaves. Recently, a joint rapid KII was conducted by FEWS NET/FAO/WFP/Government on January 18, 2019 in Bama town with new arrivals from Chongolo, Jiwa, Bulakuri and Sabilwuda, all in Borno state, some of whom were trapped for the past 5 years in their respective locations. These populations, though have limited access to food and were perceived to be experiencing food consumption gaps as they arrived only with their tattered clothes, indicated there was no medical facilities or access to drugs. They depend mainly on their limited cultivation including groundnut, cowpea and sorghum. Markets are not functioning and there are no income sources. Limited own production is exchanged with other community members. Livestock have been seized by insurgents. Whenever food is unavailable these population mainly depend on wild foods such as fruits and vegetables. They indicated their major priorities as food, clothing and income to purchase/access other needs and are not anxious to return to their homesteads until the insurgency ends. These population have been more vulnerable as most of them declare serving as forced labor to cultivate crops for the NSAGs while in captivity.
There are separate facilities for defecating for girls and women at the transit shelter in Ikom LGA Council. However, the facilities are in very close proximity to each other hence there is increased risk of SGBV. There is inadequate lighting around the toilet areas.
Many of the attacks in recent months have been attributed to fighters from Islamic State West Africa Province, or ISWAP, a faction of Boko Haram that broke off in 2016. “Generally, there has been an upsurge in direct military confrontations since mid 2018, around the same time there was a leadership change within ISWAP,' explained Omar S. Mahmood, a senior researcher at the Institute for Security Studies, or ISS. “Since then, the group has been on the offensive, pushing back military units across much of northern Borno.'
In 2017, the report showed that foreign investment inflow of $101.08 million, $190.39 million, $16.07 million and $23.83 million were recorded in the first, second, third and fourth quarters respectively. The report further stated that foreign inflow into the petroleum industry accounted for 0.79 per cent of total capital inflow into the general economy, compared to 2.71 per cent in 2017. Furthermore, the NBS report disclosed that the total value of capital importation into Nigeria stood at $16.812 billion in 2018 compared to $12.229 billion capital imported in 2017. According to the report, this represented a 37.49 per cent growth year on year.It said: “The largest amount of capital importation by type was received through Portfolio investment, at $11.802 billion, which accounted for 70.20 per cent of total capital importation, followed by Other Investment, at $3.815 billion which accounted for 22.69 per cent of total capital, and then Foreign Direct Investment at $1.195 billion, which accounted for 7.11 per cent of total capital imported in 2018. “By sector, capital importation by shares, which is closely related to equity investment  ( FDI and Portfolio Investment )  dominated 2018 reaching $10.425 billion of the total capital importation in 2018.“The United Kingdom emerged as the top source of capital investment in Nigeria in 2018 with $6.008 billion. This accounted for 35.74 per cent of the total capital inflow in 2018.' In its analysis of capital inflow into the general economy in the last quarter of 2018, the NBS said: “The total value of capital importation into Nigeria stood at $2.140 billion in the fourth quarter of 2018. This represents a decrease of 25.05 per cent compared to third quarter 2018 and 60.24 per cent decrease compared to the fourth quarter of 2017.'
People in open or in makeshifts are in urgent need of shelter kits that should be paired with skilled labor and technical assistance and participants to contribute unskilled labor.
The Ministry of Health declared a cholera outbreak in September 2018, which has led to 6,000 reported cases and seventy three deaths as of November 2018.
More than 48 000 new IDPs were identified in the three northeastern states ( October 2018 ) , the bulk of whom have been uprooted from their homes due to escalating insecurity. These households typically face higher levels of food insecurity and malnutrition.
The prevalence of GAM was higher among boys than girls in all domains with the exception of Northern Adamawa and Central Borno. Disaggregation by child's age shows that prevalence of GAM was highest among children in the younger age cohorts  ( 6 11 months and 12 23 months ) .T
September 22–23: A cult clash resulted in seven deaths in Etsako West, Edo. September 23: Gunmen kidnapped six in Chikun, Kaduna. September 23: Herdsmen killed three in Bassa, Plateau.
A main source of information on which Nigerians based their perceptions of Europe is word of mouth. The main channels were verbal  ( via phone, Viber, Facebook, and/or Skype )  and written contact  ( via smartphone apps and/or social media )  with social networks in Europe. Other sources included the internet, television, and radio.
There were 61 suspected cases of Yellow Fever  ( YF )  reported from 40 LGAs in 18 states and FCT. None was laboratory confirmed and three deaths was recorded
May 31: Police shot into a crowd to disperse protesting Shiites in Kaduna North, Kaduna. No casualties were reported. May 31: The Nigerian Air Force killed "some"  ( estimated at ten )  Boko Haram militants in Jere, Borno.
There were fourteen suspected cases of cholera reported from five LGAs in three states  ( Adamawa – 5, Borno – 2 & Ogun – 7 ) . There were five laboratory confirmed cases and one death was recorded
There were 346 suspected cases of measles reported from 152 LGAs in 30 states. None was laboratory confirmed and one death was recorded
Twenty four  ( 24 )  new cases reported from 10th July to 12 th July, 2019 from the 3 affected LGAs  ( Yola North, Yola South, Girei )  bringing total case count to 268. o No new death reported within the reporting period  ( CFR=1.12% ) . o No new ward affected. Total number of wards which reported at least one suspected case still stands at 16.
In March, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon were the main countries of intended destination and departure of individuals passing through the different FMPs. In addition, the main types of flows identified were: short term local movements  ( 43% of all flows ) ; economic migration of more than six months  ( 35% of all flows ) ; and seasonal migration  ( 16% of all flows )
May 25: Boko Haram killed twenty five Nigerian soldiers and three Civilian Joint Task Force  ( CJTF )  members in Sabon Gari, Borno. May 25: The Nigerian Air Force killed "dozens"  ( estimated at twenty four )  of bandits in Zurmi, Zamfara. May 25: Nigerian troops killed "scores"  ( estimated at forty )  of Boko Haram militants in Gwoza, Borno. May 25: A Boko Haram landmine killed four Chadian soldiers and one journalist in Ngounboua, Chad
May 28: Bandits killed twenty three in Kaura Namoda, Zamfara. May 28: Bandits kidnapped three in Danmusa, Katsina.
5,179 refugee returnees from neighbouring Cameroon, Chad and Niger were biometrically registered by UNHCR partner, Nigeria Immigration Service  ( NIS )  at main border towns in Banki, Damasak, Ngala and Pulka in Borno State
The vast majority of communities affected by the violence are farmers who have left their villages following an attack, or due to fear of attack. The conflict between farmers and herders, continues to restrict livelihood activities and negatively affect food availability in the most affected areas. The increasing fragility of the situation in the region, and potential for lucrative criminal activities within a context of relative impunity, have attracted armed or criminal groups from other parts of Nigeria as well as neighboring countries.
The shelter and NFIs needs among returnees are also urgent. Almost one third of all returnees are currently living in either damaged or self made – often inadequate – shelters.
Additionally, new shelters are needed to provide accommodation solutions to approximately 15,000 individuals who are living in makeshift shelters or out in the open.
The armed group responsible for kidnapping six humanitarian workers in northeast Nigeria on July 18, 2019, today claimed that they have executed four hostages. This brings the number of fatalities to five. We extend our deepest sympathies to their loved ones and our colleagues in Nigeria. Last July, an employee of Action Against Hunger, two drivers, and three health ministry personnel were kidnapped while delivering humanitarian aid to extremely vulnerable people in Borno State. The first hostage to be executed from the group was killed at the end of September earlier this year.
ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: voluntary relocation  ( 32% ) , improved security  ( 14% ) , fear of attack  ( 2% ) , military operation  ( 25% )  and poor living conditions  ( 27% ) .
Mobbar: 250 arrivals were recorded in Mobbar LGA of Borno state. The new arrivals were all from Diffa in Niger Republic and they all relocated voluntarily to Mobbar LGA.
239,507 Nigerian refugees in Cameroon, Chad and Niger due to insurgency. 2,437,780 Internally Displaced Persons  ( IDPs )  in Cameroon, Chad, Niger and north east Nigeria due to insurgency.
Of the 32 IDP HHs assessed, 50% reported that a lack of food was their top push factor to leave their current location, followed by a lack of security  ( 25% )  and a lack of health services  ( 25% ) . The top 3 reported pull factors in choosing a future location were: access to food  ( 75% ) , access to security  ( 50% ) , and presence of health services  ( 50% )
8,552 IDPs arrived in Monguno town from 3 January to 26 June 2018, while 266 departed from the location.3 This is a notable increase as compared to the last quarter of the previous monitoring period.
In Banki, the adult women noted that absence of effective information management led to rumours of attacks.  Incidences of rape happened near the latrines in Banki as most latrine doors lacked inner locks, toilets were not desegregated according to gender, and there was no light at night in all the latrines. In Kukareta, there was fear of rape incidences due to lack of lighting, especially when girls go to the shop at night.
Refugees raised their concerns over inadequacy of clean water and in some occasions of tasty water1 . Sanitation facilities are poor and limited  ( 81 blocks of latrines and 162 drop holes in Adagom, while a total of 68 blocks of latrine with 136 drop holes in Anyake ) . As a result, the number of people using a single drop hole far exceeds the standard and thus, many refugees especially women and adolescent girls are reluctant to use these facilities due to risks of getting infections. Persons with disability have very few latrines constructed for them and as such they could not easily use or access latrines meant for others
At least 770,000 children and caregivers in 39 LGAs  ( particularly in Borno State )  are at risk of being injured or killed by explosive remnants of war and need critical knowledge on how to mitigate the risk of injuries and death.
Assessments identified the following main triggers of movements: ongoing conflict  ( 63%   up from 37% in the last ETT report ) , poor living conditions  ( 11% ) , voluntary relocation  ( 12% ) , improved security  ( 7% ) , fear of attack  ( 5% )  and military operations  ( 1% ) .
On 2 May 2019, IOM carried out an assessment to ascertain the level of damage sustained in camps and camp like settngs due to rainfall the previous day. 16 camps where affected in Kaga, Dikwa, Gwoza and Bama. The worst hit of the camps assessed was the 20 Housing Unit Camp in Gwoza LGA with 177 damaged shelters and 215 partially damaged shelters which has left and estimated 392 HH without shelter.
Zaynab hails from a farming family from Guduf Nagadio in Borno State, the epicentre of ongoing conflict between Nigerian forces and non state armed groups. Her husband was killed by armed men as they tried to escape violence three years ago. Since then, her family has resided in an IDP camp in Borno State, home to nearly 1.5 million IDPs.
Ngala: 273 arrivals were recorded in Ngala LGA of Borno state. These include 138 arrivals from Rann ward of Kala Balge LGA of Borno state and 135 arrivals from Marwa in Cameroon. 98% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions while 2% relocated voluntarily
April 7: Herdsmen killed a policeman and seven others in Omala, Kogi. April 7: Thirty six bandits and vigilantes were killed during a clash in Kankara, Katsina. April 8: Herdsmen killed twenty one in Kajuru, Kaduna. April 8: The Nigerian Air Force killed "several"  ( estimated at five )  Boko Haram militants in Kukawa, Borno. April 8: The Nigerian Air Force killed "scores"  ( estimated at forty )  of bandits in and around Maradun, Zamfara.
April 9: Eighteen bandits and vigilantes were killed during a clash in Sabuwa, Katsina. April 9: Bandits killed five in Batsari, Katsina. April 9: Nigerian soldiers repelled a Boko Haram attack in Damaturu, Yobe, killing "many"  ( estimated at twenty )  militants. April 9: Two Boko Haram suicide bombers killed themselves, one policeman, and two security forces in Diffa, Niger. April 9: Herdsmen killed five in Ethiope East, Delta.
The conflict in Nigeria's Borno state has led to a massive humanitarian crisis over the last 10 years. Since December 2018, renewed clashes forced tens of thousands of people to flee to the government controlled towns of Maiduguri and Monguno, joining many more people who were previously displaced.
Borno State is affected by strong winds, storms and flooding on an annual basis. Yearly rains often ravage shelters where IDPs live, and cause blockage of water circulation pathways and drainage systems.
At week's end, military leadership had yet to access the full extent of the damage, though it involved the looting of a large cache of weapons. The attack is notable in that it comes only days after the military lifted an area curfew after complaints from farmers. It is not known if the measure will be reinstated
In July 2018, Nigerian Police announced the arrest of eight suspected Boko Haram fighters who were allegedly involved in the 2014 Chibok school attack. In June 2018, during trials marred by irregularities in a military base in Kainji, northcentral Nigeria, at least one defendant was convicted and sentenced to 20 years in prison for his alleged role in the attack. None of the victims or communities affected by the attacks were involved in the trials.
Half of the Nigerian respondents reported to have a smartphone with them while travelling to Europe, which they mainly used for communication with social networks in Europe and in their home country. They also used smartphones find information about the journey
Fear of attack at night by men or NSAG; PoC in Pulka, especially those living in the camp, cannot use flash lights in the night due to security reasons. POCs were beaten of PoC by CJTF for using flash light at night.  Because of gender based violence  ( cultural biases ) , women are not enrolled into livelihood activities in Ngala.
In North East Nigeria today, at least 19 displacement sites are located in areas that face high risk of flooding, and of these, at least 13 also face high level of congestion . According to a recent analysis of sites across the region, proper drainage is only observed in 8% of camps .
Jere: 317 arrivals were recorded in Jere LGA of Borno state. These include 159 arrivals from Kirenowa ward of Marte LGA and 158 arrivals from Adamari ward of Jere LGA tracked at Old Maiduguri ward the LGA. The new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict.
A recent assessment uncovers that 94% of toilets in camps across Borno state was reported as “not hygienic'xx . Separate toilets were only available in 41% of camps, while more than 50% of toilets could not be locked from the inside. Open defecation was witnessed at 35% of the assessed sites. None of these assessments, however, pay particular attention to conditions in the most congested sites.
Nigerian respondents reported social media and communication with family and friends in Europe as their primary source of information source to inform migration decisions. Nigerians mostly reported word of mouth and electronic sources  ( e.g. Internet, WhatsApp, Facebook )  as their main source of information. This included verbal contact with social networks in Europe  ( though particularly with friends )  via phone, Viber, Facebook, and/or Skype.
Amnesty International researchers in Nigeria also uncovered fresh allegations that soldiers have raped women in the Giwa Barracks detention facility.Three former female detainees independently said they had witnessed such attacks and identified 10 of the male soldiers responsible   including five who worked in the detention centre's health clinic. Two of these former detainees were women who said they had been sexually violated themselves.
Bama: 346 arrivals were recorded in Bama LGA of Borno state. These include 86 arrivals from Pulka ward of Gwoza LGA, 76 arrivals from Marwa in Cameroon, 18 arrivals from Bongor in Chad and 158 arrivals from Soye, Kote and Baduwa wards of Bama LGA tracked at Shehuri ward of Bama LGA. 32% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions while 68% relocated voluntarily.
Provision of WASH services is hampered by the poor yield from water points, limiting partners' ability to meet the additional 38 cubic meters of water required to support new arrivals at the Unity Camp.  While medical staff  ( including four doctors and three sexual and reproductive health staff )  are available to render health services including outpatient services, antenatal care, immunization of children, and general screenings, there is need to replenish drug supplies and also expand the clinic in view of the influx which more than triples the pre existing population of the camps
In 2018, registered cholera cases inpart by a critical lack of latrines. In Kagoni Sangaya displacement camp in Maiduguri, at the height of the cholera outbreak in September, eight latrines were shared by 500 peoples. That is three times as many as the minimum standard dictate.
July 22: Bandits killed two air force personnel in Birnin Gwari, Kaduna. July 22: One policeman, one journalist, and thirteen Shiites were killed during a clash in Abuja. July 22: Pirates killed two army officers in Ekeremor, Bayelsa. July 22: Kidnappers abducted three in Ovia North East, Edo
July 20: Four Turkish nationals were kidnapped in Edu, Kwara. July 20: Gunmen abducted eighteen traders in Rafi, Niger. July 21: Gunmen killed fifteen and kidnapped fourteen in Kankara, Katsina.
Most of the new arrivals were adult women  ( 136, or 23% )  and children  ( 413, or 69% ) . Two per cent  ( 11 individuals )  were elderly. The displaced populations reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions, lack of food, lack of access to health facilities and market. Other reasons include the lack of access to their farmlands due to fear of new attacks and the ongoing con ict. The new arrivals are currently living in open spaces without shelter and do not have access to food, non food items  ( NFI )  and health faciliities.
About 1.2 million people are trapped in some precarious communities in Northeast Nigeria. The population has no access to humanitarian aid as insurgents hold sway in these areas. Combined efforts of Nigerian partners and the international community scaled up humanitarian assistance in accessible LGAs to 5.6 million people in 2017; 5.5 million people in 2018 and over 4 million as of October 2019. Yet, about 7 million people are in dire need of charitable support. This is as a result of massive infrastructural damage, inability to access farmlands and disruption of basic services and market areas.
High rates of GBV have been reported to be occurring in relation with food insecurity. The insecurity equally impacts access to fuel and energy for cooking, with 85 percent of women and girls reporting heightened protection risks when collecting firewood.
Of the 5,134 children screened on arrival, 44% suffered from acute malnutrition, and 4% of severe acute malnutrition. Family separation, as well as separated and unaccompanied children, have been observed. Movement restrictions and market closure impair access to basic goods and increase dependency on humanitarian assistance.
High risk of epidemic outbreaks especially cholera, meningitis, measles, yellow fever. The northeast region is highly endemic for malaria and cholera. There is a serious shortage of skilled health care workers, particularly doctors, nurses and midwives, with many remaining reluctant to work inaccessible areas because of ongoing armed conflict.
The population tracked by the DTM in the regions affected by the crisis in the Lake Chad Basin in the three countries  ( Cameroon, Chad, and Nigeria )  represents 4,221,646 individuals  ( IDPs, refugees and returnees ) in December 2018. Additional data collected by the government of Niger  ( DREC ) 1 for the displaced population in Niger's Diffa region raises the total number of displaced individuals to 4,471,459.
The emergency grew worse in September 2019. Owing to the closure of two aid agencies working in the zone. An estimate of about 400,000 people was rendered food insecure during the period of lock down. With the Nigerian army alleging that some aid agencies are providing support to terrorists in the region, it had ripple effects on the war on terror. While it appears that such allegations, if true, can undermine the efforts of the troops in the war zone, the closure of the aid agencies further exacerbated the deepening humanitarian crisis. The precarious nature of the area has also increased the risks faced by aid workers. Within 18 months,10 aid workers  all Nigerians  have been killed.
ETT assessments iden�fied the following movement triggers: voluntary reloca�on  ( 20% ) , improved security  ( 4% ) , ongoing conflict  ( 59% ) , fear of a�ack  ( 3% )  and poor living condi�ons  ( 14% )
Monguno: 222 arrivals were recorded in Monguno LGA of Borno state. These include 151 arrivals from Baga ward and 71 arrivals from Kukawa ward both in Kukawa LGA of Borno state. 75% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to military operation while 25% relocated due to the ongoing conflict.
Crude and under five mortality rates are measures of all causes of death occurring during the recall period. Deaths both from both conflict as well as natural causes contribute to allcause mortality. At the State level, the crude mortality rate was highest in Adamawa at 0.89 deaths per 10,000 people per day compared to 0.59 and 0.56 deaths per 10,000 people per day in Borno and Yobe respectively
April 26: Sectarian violence led to three deaths in Kajuru, Kaduna. April 26: Boko Haram attacked a Nigerian military base in Biu, Borno; no casualties have been reported yet.
In the areas affected by LCB crisis, all countries except Nigeria  ( 72% )  are targeting 100% of at risk SAM children. • Over January and February 2019, a total of 42,237 SAM Children newly admitted in nutritional unit for treatment  ( of which 83% recorded in Nigeria ) . • Data from Niger are not yet available for the period.
Most of the returnees are not reaching their final areas of origin due to insecurity or absence of essential services to sustain their return and reintegration. This eventually makes them to end up in secondary displacement situation. UNHCR is maintaining its advocacy with the government and other humanitarian actors to ensure that conditions to which uprooted populations return are favourable including safety and dignity.
In the reporting week 16, no new health care worker was affected. A total of seventeen health care workers have been infected since the onset of the outbreak in seven States – Edo  ( 7 ) , Ondo  ( 3 ) , Ebonyi  ( 2 ) , Enugu  ( 1 ) , Rivers  ( 1 ) , Bauchi  ( 1 )  Benue  ( 1 )  and Plateau  ( 1 )  with two deaths in Enugu and Edo States  Thirteen  ( 13 )  patients are currently being managed at various treatment centres across the country: Federal Medical Centre Owo  ( 8 ) , Taraba  ( 3 )  and Plateau  ( 2 )
A total of 7193 contacts have been identified from 20 States. Of these 654 ( 9.1% )  are currently being followed up, 6475  ( 90.1% )  have completed 21 days follow up, while 8 ( 0.1% )  were lost to follow up. 116 ( 1.6% )  symptomatic contacts have been identified, of which 56  ( 0.8% )  have tested positive  National Lassa fever multi partner, multi sectoral Emergency Operations Centre ( EOC )  continues to coordinate the response activities at all levels
Twenty one  ( 21 )  States  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, FCT, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta, Oyo, Kebbi and Cross River )  have recorded at least one confirmed case across 81 Local Government Areas  Table 1, Figure 1  93% of all confirmed cases are from Edo ( 36% ) , Ondo ( 28% ) , Ebonyi ( 8% ) , Bauchi ( 8% ) , Taraba ( 7% )  and Plateau ( 6% )  states
Adamawa has the largest proportion of households  ( 34.6 percent )  that relied on own produced food when compared to Borno  ( 22.3 percent )  and Yobe State  ( 26.5 percent ) . The large number of households reliant on market purchase to meet their food needs even among IDPs should be put into perspective as several components of food consumed  ( e.g. condiments, spices, vegetables etc. )  are purchased to complement the food assistance that households' receive. Moreover, only a small fraction of the total sample  ( 7 percent )  were displaced, which are often the most vulnerable and high priority target for food assistance.
Internal trafficking, mainly from rural to urban areas is also reportedly rampant in Nigeria, although often overlooked. It mainly affects women and girls for the purpose of domestic servitude and sexual exploitation and men and boys for the purpose of child begging, and labour exploitation in street vending, mining and stone quarrying, agriculture and textile manufacturing.
Nigeria faces a confluence of climate hazards, including floods, storms, ocean surges, droughts and wildfires.1 These are likely to increase in frequency and intensity due to projected climate changes  ( USAID 2012 ) .
More than 3.5M school aged children in need of humanitarian assistance in Education in 2018 More than 2.4M children targeted by sector / cluster  ( of which more than 1.7M children by UNICEF )  with various Education interventions for access to protective learning in emergency
Poverty, displacement, economic hardship and unemployment, especially among young people, and restrictive European migratory policies, gender inequality, discrimination and stereotyping, coupled with strong traditional practices and beliefs, are identified as the main root causes of trafficking in persons in Nigeria. Multiple factors contributing to this phenomenon also include the disruption of family and community support systems.
Jere: 197 arrivals were recorded in Jere LGA of Borno state. The new arrivals were all from Jajari in Hamadari ward of Jere LGA and were tracked at Medinatu in Old Maiduguri ward of Jere LGA of Borno state. The new arrivals reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict.
The total number of cases reported as at 24 th June, 2019 stands at 125 cases  ( 75 females, 50 males )  with 1 death  ( CFR=0.8% ) . Yola North has 65 cases with 1 death  ( CFR= 1.54% ) ; Girei has 59 cases with 0 deaths  ( CFR=0% )  and Yola South has 1 case with 0 death  ( CFR=0% ) . So far, 13 samples yielded growth typical of Vibrio cholera on culture and 7 isolates  ( of the 9 samples )  sent to the reference laboratory revealed 01 serotype.
1.82 million Internally displaced people in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe states  ( IOM DTM Round XXVIII, August 2019 )
Some women are cooking in tins especially in Banki communal buildings because they have never received cooking pots as part of CRI kit.  Many households or PoCs have never received any CRI since arrival in the camps. They expressed urgent need for CRIs in both camps and return areas.
In Adamawa, four per cent of displaced persons said they have been displaced four times before. Forty per cent of IDPs have been displaced two times, with Yobe showing the highest percentage of people displaced two times at 54 per cent. In line with the previous round of assessments, the majority of IDPs in displacement sites said they intended to return to their places of origin given favorable circumstances. Forty six per cent  ( up from 44% )  of IDPs residing in displacement sites stated that improved security was the main pull factor for their intention to return, followed by access to better services  ( 15%   down from 19% )  and access to land  ( 22%   up from 19% )
Twenty  ( 20 )  new cases reported from 24 th to 26 th June, 2019 from the 3 LGAs bringing total case count to 145 o No new death reported within the reporting period  ( CFR=0.69% ) . o No new wards are affected. Total number of wards which reported at least one suspected case still stands at 14
The number of displaced people in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States ostensibly reduced by 3 per cent   to 1.76 million people   since the publication of the last IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix in October 2018. It should be noted, however, that this reduction is attributed not to a decrease in population movement, but to decreased access to assess all conflictaffected areas.
Michika: 263 arrivals were recorded in Michika LGA of Adamawa state. These include 67 arrivals from Miniski Wuro Ngiki ward tracked at Michika ward of Michika LGA, 63 arrivals from Banshika ward of Hong LGA, 106 arrivals from Makama B and Bole/Yolde Pate wards of Yola south LGA and 27 arrivals from Zing A ward of Zing LGA of Adamawa state. 6% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to fear of attack while 94% relocated due to improved security.
Here are some hazards and risks affecting children in relation to livestock activities: administering drugs, slaughtering or slaughterhouse activities, milking, herding cattle and grazing. In the current conflict context, some children also have to stay with the cattle overnight exposing them to the risk of attack, extortion, kidnapping, and killing.
Gwoza: 441 arrivals were recorded in Gwoza LGA of Borno state. These include 31 arrivals from Darajamal and Shehuri ward of Bama LGA, 332 arrivals from Marwa in Cameroon, 17 arrivals from Diffa in Niger Republic and 9 arrivals from Lamtari ward of Yola South LGA of Adamawa state. Other arrivals include 3 from Dure ward, 4 arrivals from Wakane ward, 2 arrivals from Chikede ward, 3 arrivals from Hambafa/Limaka ward and 1 arrival from Mbita ward all tracked at Pulka/Bokko and Bulabulin/Gwoza wards of Gwoza LGA. 85% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions, 3% due to military operation, 4% due to the ongoing conflict and 8% relocated voluntarily
In other locations, it was reported that children are not attending school due to lack of finances to pay school fees, school books and school uniforms. No shortage of trained teachers as result of the emergency in any of the locations, quality of learning has not changed, there is urgent need for hygiene education in all locations. Asylum seeker children can access education irrespective of status, ethnicity and gender.
An exhaustive nutrition screening using mid upper arm circumference  ( MUAC )  and Oedema for acute malnutrition was conducted by Nutrition Sector partners for 100 children of 6 59 months. Of the 333 children screened, the MUAC reading was: 2 children  ( from accessible area )  were in the Red category, 9 were in the Yellow category and 89 were measured in the Green category. No case of Oedema was reported in the 7 LGAs
4.2 million Children in need of humanitarian assistance  ( Humanitarian Response Plan, 2019 ) . 7.1 million People in need of humanitarian assistance in the northeast states of Borno, Adamawa & Yobe  ( HRP, 2019 ) . 6.1 million People targeted in the northeast states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe  ( HRP, 2019 ) . 1.76 million Internally displaced people in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe states  ( IOM DTM Round XXIV, January 2019
There is a need to organise information and education activities on hygiene for the pupils and students bearing in the mind the near lack/lack of toilet facilities and water  ( water points/boreholes )  in the schools.
Shelter in most of the locations visited, did not have sufficient protection against cold, heat, wind and rain. They lacked proper cover space for essential household activities. In Ajassor specifically, lots of the asylum seekers numbering over 500 occupy a small uncompleted building donated to them by a member of the community.
This is validated by more recent WHO data showing that more than 3000 adolescents die every day from largely preventable causes and that exposure to many key risk factors for future adult disease starts, or is consolidated, in adolescence.
There are 2.03 million internally displaced persons  ( IDPs )  reported to be in Nigeria  ( IOM/DTM Feb 2019 ) , of which 87 percent are in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe States, 79 percent are children and women and 27 percent children aged 6 59 months. As per the November 2018 Cadre Harmonisé  ( CH )  report, the number of people in need of food assistance in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe States, is around 2.7 million  ( projected situation, June to August 2019 ) .
With the notification of newly confirmed cases from Yola North, Yola South and Girei local government areas  ( LGAs ) , the Adamawa State Ministry of Health has declared on 18 June 2019 an outbreak of cholera. As of 17 June 2019, a total of 76 cases have been reported, including one death from three LGAs Yola North  ( 44 cases including 1 death ) , Yola South  ( 1 case )  and Girei  ( 31 cases ) .
Eight  ( 8 )  new cases reported from 22nd July to 24 th July, 2019 from the 4 affected LGAs  ( Yola North, Yola South, Girei and Song )  bringing total case count to 385. o No new death reported within the reporting period  ( CFR=1.04% ) . o No new ward affected. Total number of wards which reported at least one suspected case still stands at 17.
Nevertheless, much of the work children do in livestock is not age appropriate and likely to be hazardous or interferes with their education. During the analysis, the research team observed herds of cattle managed by children, apparently below the age of 10 years.
The current crisis in the Northeast of Nigeria, which is fundamentally a protection of civilians crisis, has led to widespread forced displacement and violations of international humanitarian and human rights law. In fact, civilians still bear the brunt of a conflict characterized by massive and widespread abuse against civilians that include killings, rape and other sexual violence, abduction, child recruitment, burning of homes, pillaging, forced displacement, arbitrary detention, and the use of explosive hazards, including in deliberate attacks on civilian targets.
The civilian nature of the camps and informal settlements has been also seriously undermined. IDP camps and settlements face constant threats of attacks, leading to restrictive security measures around border areas and in refugee, returnee and IDP settlements.
Particularly vulnerable groups that suffer the most and whose vulnerabilities are the highest include children, elderly people, female headed households  ( FHH ) , adolescent FHH, who are forced into a role as breadwinners, and disabled persons as they are less able to fend for themselves and likely to access services without assistance.
June 10: Nigerian soldiers killed one Boko Haram militant in Kukawa, Borno. June 10: The Nigerian Air Force killed "several"  ( estimated at ten )  Boko Haram militants in Gwoza, Borno. June 11: During a Boko Haram attack in Darak, Cameroon, sixty four Boko Haram militants, twenty one soldiers, and sixteen civilians were killed. June 11: Gunmen abducted four in Igabi, Kaduna.
In Borno State, the highest rate of new arrival influx was recorded in Bama local government area  ( LGA )  where the number went up by 16 per cent, from 52,911 to 61,473 persons. The reason for the increase has been due to arrivals from inaccessible locations in the LGA including Soye, Gulumba and Goniri wards, as well as people returning from Cameroon into situations of secondary displacement.
People living in Teachers Village IDP Camp were relocated to Mohammed Goni International Stadium Camp in Maiduguri, Borno State. More than 8,000 internally displaced people were relocated to decongest Teachers Village throughout the month of March  ( Credit: IOM/Jorge Galindo
Twenty one  ( 21 )  States  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, FCT, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta, Oyo, Kebbi and Cross River )  have recorded at least one confirmed case across 82 Local Government Areas   Figure 1  93% of all confirmed cases are from Edo ( 36% ) , Ondo ( 29% ) , Ebonyi ( 8% ) , Bauchi ( 7% ) , Taraba ( 7% )  and Plateau ( 6% )  states  Figure 1  Predominant age group affected is 21 40 years  ( Range: >1 month to 89 years, Median Age: 32 years )
Here are protection risks affecting adults:  Kidnapping, killing, including targeted killing of herders when grazing.  GBV cases such as domestic violence, sexual assault and violence, denial of resources and opportunities.  Robbery, extortion, looting.  Restriction on freedom of movement  ( grazing in area delimited by the trench surrounding the town allowed by Nigerian Security Forces for grazing ) .  Conflict between famers and herdsmen over ownership and access to land.  Snakes , insects bites and thorns picks.
As aforementioned, time consuming activities, such as herding, can negatively influence formal school attendance. The conflict, the deterioration of the socio economic conditions, and food insecurity are major underlying causes of child/forced labour.
The livestock control situation in the households remains a source of gender based conflicts such as domestic violence, especially where one part is responsible for rearing, but has no control when it comes to benefits from the livestock resources generated.