nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
Humanitarian organisations have limited access to areas outside Damboa town. They carry out most of their operations in four wards outside Damboa town: Damboa Central, Nzuda, Gumsuri and Azir Multe wards. • Due to insecurity, farming activities can only be carried out within a two kilometer radius outside the town, and cropping is restricted to small, vine plants that grow close to the ground such as like legumes. • Humanitarian personnel and cargo traveling by road from • Maiduguri require an armed escort.
Ten  ( 10 )  suspected cases of Lassa fever reported as at 17 th February, 2020. 2 confirmed positive from Numan and Yola North LGA, 7 negative and 1 pending. 1 death reported in confirmed cases. One suspected case reported from Gombi LGA.
Lagos State is the worst affected with 2,550 confirmed cases  ( 36 deaths ) , followed by Kano with 825 confirmed cases  ( 36 deaths ) . Borno State is now the sixth worst affected state with 215 cases and 23 deaths.
Yobe State has 19 additional cases since the previous week, bringing the total to 32 cases and one death
In week 17, the number of new confirmed cases increased from 6 cases in week 16, 2020 to 8 cases. These were reported from 4 States  ( Ondo, Edo, Gombe and Kogi )
Cumulatively from week 1 to week 17, 2020, 188 deaths have been reported with a case fatality rate  ( CFR )  of 19.0% which is lower than the CFR for the same period in 2019  ( 22.4% ) .
Like most parts of Nigeria healthcare infrastructure in Kano is poor and if not quickly contained, an outbreak among the estimated population of 13.4 million may result in significant deaths.
The percentage of people in need for food has continued to remain at a high and unchanged figure of 73 per cent over the last many assessments. In Round 30 as well, 73 per cent of surveyed IDPs cited it as their main unmet need.
Humanitarian food assistance delivery to the northeast remains restricted.
Non food items  ( NFIs )  were cited as the other most unfulfilled need by 14 per cent  ( down from 15% from the percentage cited in the last round of assessment )  and 6 per cent cited  ( down by 1% )  shelter as their main unmet need. These results are consistent with the trend observed in previous assessments
Gwoza Local Government Area  ( LGA )  has been at the centre of the crisis in northeast Nigeria, with Pulka town experiencing intense fighting and insecurity. Pulka has seen the killing of hundreds of civilians, abduction of women and girls, destruction of towns, and large scale displacement of populations. Livelihoods have been devastated and assets looted.
On 04 July 2020, IOM's DTM program carried out an assessment to ascertain the level of damage sustained in camps and camp like settings due to heavy windstorm and rainfall between the 29th of June   3rd of July 2020. Overall, 19 camps were affected in Maiduguri, Jere, Kaga and konduga LGAs. The worst hit of the camps assessed was the Federal Low cost Chezcoan camp in Maiduguri Metropilitan Council where a heavy rainfall left 118 makeshift shelters damaged and an estimated 342 individuals without shelter.
The security situation outside of Pulka town remains tenuous, and the protection concerns are high. Freedom of movement is restricted due to a curfew of 18:00 6:00 hrs as well approximately 2km radius security perimeter. Further, vulnerable new arrivals come to Pulka town from surrounding hard to reach areas including Dure, Ngoshe, Kirawa, Baladagawisha, Rawa, Chikede, Chinene, Chava, Lawanti, Mayanti, Balaibrahim and Boko. Upon arrival, they are screened by the Nigerian military and captured by ETT and immediate services areprovided to them.
In Borno State, the epicenter of the crisis, 23 out of 27 Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  are in severe need of humanitarian assistance, according to a joint message presented by the humanitarian community, including the United Nations, international nongovernmental organizations, and civil society organizations, to representatives of the Borno State government.
Nine of the ten wards in Dikwa LGA are inaccessible to humanitarian partners due to insecurity. The humanitarian response is therefore limited to the people in Dikwa town, who are dependent on humanitarian assistance due to lack of livelihoods opportunities. Most of the IDPs are farmers from the inaccessible neighbouring villages/LGAs.
Priority needs are in the areas of shelter, food, livelihoods and sanitation. Congestion in the camps is a major challenge. Sangaya camp is the most congested followed by Klagaru camp.
Displacement: Based on the recent IOM DTM assessment conducted between August and October 2019 there are over 2 million people displaced in Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe states in the northeast. A similar assessment conducted from August to September 2019 in eight northwest and north central states of Nigeria recorded over 540,000 displaced people.
Camps and camp like settings presented a variety of shelter conditions, with the most common type of shelter being emergency shelters in 38 per cent  ( up from 35% in last round of assessments )  sites, and self made/makeshift shelters  ( 31%   down from 35% ) . Other types were host family houses  ( 11% ) , government buildings  ( 8% ) , individual houses  ( 8% and schools  ( 3% down from 4% ) .
In sites where IDPs were residing with host community, 87 per cent living in the house of the host and 11 per cent in individual houses. Only 1per cent were living in self made or makeshift shelter.
Piped water was the main source of water in 68 per cent  ( an increase from 63% )  of sites where IDPs are residing in camps and camp like settings. In 20 per cent of sites  ( down from 22% ) , hand pumps were the main source of drinking water, followed by unprotected wells  ( 8% )  which is a worrying sign given that cholera is endemic in the region.
Households that have been the worst affected by Boko Haram conflict in many parts of Borno, northern Adamawa, and southern Yobe states are facing Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  and Emergency  ( IPC Phase 4 )  outcomes. Households trapped in inaccessible areas are likely facing similar or worse outcomes relative to neighboring accessible areas. Extreme levels of acute food insecurity, including Famine  ( IPC Phase 5 )  are also possible in a worst case scenario where conflict significantly restricts humanitarian access and household movement.
The situation is due to several factors, including the way the military has restricted assistance to the garrison towns under their control, the limited ability of organizations to negotiate expanded access, and restrictions humanitarian agencies have placed on themselves following recent targeted attacks, including abductions and executions of humanitarian workers.
The IOM ETT report covering 27 January – 2 February 2020, recorded 3,104 population movements with 2,072 arrivals and 1,032 departures across Borno and Adamawa states. Most arrivals were recorded in Konduga, Ngala and Hawul LGAs in Borno state, while most of the population departed from Askira Uba and Kala Balge LGAs. These movement are mainly due to poor living conditions and fear of attacks. Over 200 refugees arrived from Cameroon and Niger within the same period and they are located in either host communities or camps.
There were 14 suspected cases of Cerebrospinal Meningitis  ( CSM )  reported from nine LGAs in six states  ( Borno – 1, Benue – 4, Ebonyi – 2, Edo – 2, Katsina – 3 & Kebbi – 2 ) . None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded.
There were 318 suspected cases of Lassa Fever  ( LF )  reported from 56 LGAs in 19 states  ( Edo – 135, Ondo – 52, Ebonyi   15, Enugu   6, Kano – 7, Borno – 8, Nasarawa – 4, Kogi – 10, Rivers – 3, Abia – 8, Adamawa – 4, Benue – 1, Kaduna – 8, Bauchi – 11, Taraba – 11, Plateau – 10, Delta – 9, Osun – 8 & Ogun – 8 ) . There were 95 confirmed cases and 19 deaths were recorded  No health care worker was infected
Insurgents have escalated their attacks in the northeast of Nigeria and the military counter insurgency operations have also intensified leading to increased population displacement and restricted livelihood activities in the area, where over 2 million people remain displaced. Most of the affected population are living in host communities while others are residing in camps and are dependent on humanitarian assistance and community support. Borno state, the epicenter of the insurgency hosts about 1.5 million IDPs, followed by Adamawa and Yobe states.
There were 32 suspected cases of yellow fever  ( YF )  reported from 28 LGAs in 14 states. None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded
There were 74 suspected cases of cholera reported from four LGAs in three states  ( Bayelsa – 3, Ebonyi – 69 & Kebbi – 2 ) . None was laboratory confirmed and four deaths were recorded
1 new lab confirmed case from Gwoza LGA. Fourteen  ( 14 )  cases of Lassa fever reported as at 10 February 2020, with 2 associated deaths. The cases are from MMC  ( 5 ) , Jere  ( 1 ) , Bayo  ( 4 ) , Chibok  ( 1 ) , Askira Uba  ( 1 ) , Gwoza  ( 1 ) , and Biu  ( 1 ) . Three  ( 3 )  samples tested positive while, seven  ( 7 )  samples were negative. 4 samples results are pending with lab, Bayo  ( 2 ) , Biu  ( 1 ) , and Askira Uba  ( 1 ) .
January 3: Herdsmen killed twenty three in Kotonkarfe, Kogi. January 3: Boko Haram killed three in Chibok, Borno.
Eighteen  ( 18 )  cases of Lassa fever reported as at 20thFebruary 2020, with 2 associated deaths. The cases are from MMC  ( 5 ) , Jere  ( 5 ) , Bayo  ( 4 ) , Chibok  ( 1 ) , Askira Uba  ( 1 ) , Gwoza  ( 1 ) , and Biu  ( 1 ) . Three  ( 3 )  samples tested positive while, fifteen  ( 15 )  samples were negative. No pending results with lab.
As at 6 th May 2020, 127 suspected cases have been reported. 12 confirmed positive,  ( Mubi South 2; Mubi North 4; Hong 1; Lamurde 1; Yola North 1; Yola South 1, Girei 2 ) ; 68 negatives and 45 pending. 2 samples tested require retesting.
On January 19, the Islamic State of West Africa Province  ( ISWAP ) , an armed group formerly part of Boko Haram, issued a chilling video of a boy executing a man identified as a Christian hostage. On December 26, ISWAP had released another video claiming to show the killing of 11 Christians.
On 9 April 2019 a criminal gang invaded Bere community and shot dead 9 people, residents told Amnesty International. Mr Sorle Deekae and Chief Lucky Micah were some of those killed. At least, 20 other people were reported to have been killed in other communities including Kaani babe in series of attacks. In May 2019, 20 people were murdered in an attack on Kono boue community, according to villagers and community leaders. Forced to Flee.
The survey of behavioral practices showed low rates of exclusive breastfeeding among women with children under six months, with only 52.2 per cent, 45.6 per cent and 35.1 per cent of children in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States respectively being breastfed. The underlying causes of persistently high malnutrition rates can be attributed to poor sanitation and hygiene conditions, frequent disease outbreaks, food insecurity and poor child care practices.
On Nigeria, our humanitarian colleagues tell us that the UN and our partners are working with community organizations to help families affected by recent armed attacks targeting communities in the Michika and Madagali Local Government Areas in Adamawa Sawa State. While most civilians who had fled to the mountainside in Adamawa and to neighbouring Borno State following the attacks on 2 January have returned to their homes, hundreds of people could possibly still be displaced.
The security situation in Monguno is increasingly becoming volatile. There have been several attacks by the NonState Armed Groups  ( NSAGs )  on the military formations outside of the town. During the reporting period, there has been increased presence of NSAGs along the Monguno Gajiram road. The NSAGs mounted illegal checkpoints along the road, in at least four occasions. In one of these incidents, on 18 December, NSAGs are reported to have executed four civilians and abducted several others, who remain unaccounted.
The marked deterioration in the food security situation is linked to the upsurge in insecurity as evident in renewed attacks by non state armed groups which have led to a new wave of displacements, limited access to farming and grazing land essential for livelihood opportunities. This situation has stretched communal resources due to increased dependency from IDPs and returnees.
The food security situation confronting north east Nigeria has deteriorated. Findings from the October 2019 post harvest Cadre Harmonise  ( CH )  Analysis indicate that 2.95 million people are food insecure  ( CH/IPC Phase 3 to 5 )  across Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states. This figure marks a 72 per cent increase compared to findings of the CH analysis during the same period in October 2018  ( 1.7m ) . These numbers are expected to increase to 3.84 million in the next lean season  ( June to August 2020 )  in the absence of sustained humanitarian assistance.
The incident occurred at about 05:15 PM on 7 January 2020, when some of the insurgents who had earlier been repelled by the military, snuck into Monguno town and initaited the attack. Four casualties were reported, including two children, an adult male and one adult female, with scores of injured persons currently receiving medical attention in ALIMA Clinic.
In October, the Nutrition Sector finalised the Nutrition and Food Security Surveillance  ( NNFSS )  Round 8 survey report. According to the results, the nutritional situation of the affected community is poor; levels of Global Acute Malnutrition  ( GAM )  have remained higher than expected  ( above 5 per cent )  across all areas in the BAY States. The overall GAM rates as of October 2019 are 7.2 per cent, 8.1 per cent and 11.5 per cent in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe states respectively. The malnutrition rates in Yobe State have remained consistently high  ( above the 10 per cent emergency threshold )  since 2016, when the nutrition surveillance system was set up  ( see chart ) . Central Yobe has the highest rates of malnutrition at 13.8 per cent GAM, while southern Borno has the lowest rates at 6.1 per cent GAM. In addition, the levels of acute malnutrition among women between 15 and 49 years is high, at 14.1 per cent, 16.2 per cent and 24.7 per cent in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe respectively.
The affected population are currently living with friends and families within the camp includes  ( 1,573 or 58% )  children,  ( 529 or 19% )  women,  ( 477 or 17% )  men and  ( 149 or 6% )  elderly persons. They are in immediate need of Non Food Items  ( NFIs ) , shelter and food.
In October 2019, a total of 17,907 people were forcedly displaced: 7,049 people arrived to new locations and 10,858 had to flee from various locations across Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states, including from Demsa, Numan, Shelleng, Girei, Askira/ Uba, Furore, and Yola South LGAs. As reported by the Emergency Tracking tool  ( ETT )  assessments, the vast majority of the displacements were caused by floods. Other relocations were either voluntary relocations and returns due to improved security in some areas; on the contrary, others reportedly fled due to poor living conditions or military operations.
Similarly, conflict affected households in Plateau, Kaduna, Taraba, Niger, Benue and Nasarawa states remain displaced and unable to engage in typical livelihood activities and will also experience Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  through May 2020. As the conflict in the northwest escalates towards the lean season period, worst affected households in Sokoto, Zamfara and Katsina states will likely face food consumption gaps and will experience Crisis  ( IPC Phase 3 )  from June to September 2020.
If appropriate measures and responses are not implemented, this number is projected to increase to nearly 7 million people during the next lean season between June and August 2020, well above the about 5 million food insecure people that were estimated for the June August 2019 period.
The state continues to experience high humanitarian needs driven by conflict, flooding and inter communal tensions. A total of 200,011 people are currently displaced1 .This number is expected to increase significantly when IOM releases the 29th round of data tracking matrix early 2020. During the reporting period, two key dynamics were recorded: The flash floods on the 27 October and the fatal herdsmen attack in Hong LGA on 23 November 2019.
During the period under review, the state has witnessed increased levels of insecurity ranging from NSAGs attacks in Madagali LGA, petty crimes in Yola and big LGA towns and Kidnappings by criminal gangs. Over 30 kidnap forransom incidents have been reported for the past three months. Key incidents include the kidnap of the Divisional Police Office  ( DPO )  heading the Mubi North LGA Police Division by unknown gunmen; killing of 11 hunters by suspected NSAGs in Song LGA. Song LGA is largely considered safe and secure.
This attack raises serious concerns about the ability of the NSAGs to infiltrate into peaceful communities. On 23 November 2019, herdsmen attacked residents of Kala'a, Shuwa Kala'a, Zigayerima, Mambula, Kokuwa, Milna and Dilwachira communities in the Bangshika ward of Hong LGA. Killing ten people and leading to the displacement of over 4,392 individuals  ( 623 households ) , with 25 women and children still missing. The security situation in Madagali continues to deteriorate with over 30 attacks by unknown armed groups reported over the reporting period. NSAGs are believed to still control a large part of the suburbs in Madagali LGA, which borders southern Borno state.
Results show that the average daily number of individuals observed in December, at the FMPs in Nigeria, was 1,269. This represents a 9 per cent increase compared to the daily average of November 2019. The 9 per cent increase from the previous month was prompted by seasonal movements and business activities in preparation for the festive season. Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon were the main countries of departure and intended destination for individuals passing through FMPs. In addition, the types of flows identified were: short term local movements  ( 43% of all flows ) ; economic migration of more than six months  ( 38% of all flows ) ; seasonal migration  ( 11% of all flows ) ; and tourism  ( 8% of all flows )
Access remains a challenge in many locations as humanitarian partners solely rely on UNHAS helicopters to reach the community. Humanitarian organizations have restricted their staff from using the road due to the prevailing insecurity.
Following the repatriation of the first batch of 134 Nigerian refugees from Cameroon into Adamawa state, consultations with the returnees indicated they are having re integration challenges. They have raised concerns of lack of food, WASH services and livelihood. While UNHCR and partners are working on durable solutions to address the concerns raised by the returnees, some are already considering return to Cameroon.
Results show that the average daily number of individuals observed in December 2019 at the FMP of Sokoto was 163, this represents a 3 per cent decrease compared to November 2019. The festive season brought about a decline in movements of persons generally for transactional purposes, which in turn caused a decrease in the flow of migrants recorded in December 2019. Maradi  ( 47% ) , Tahoua  ( 34% ) , Zinder  ( 18% )  and Dosso  ( 1% )  in Niger were the main regions of departure of individuals passing through Sokoto, whereas Maradi  ( 72% ) , Tahoua  ( 22% ) , Zinder  ( 3% )  and Dosso  ( 2% )   ( all of which are located in Niger )  were the main regions of intended destination for the observed population.
After gang members operated for hours unhindered, killing and burning houses and looting shops locals told Amnesty International that their children could not go to school, shop owners had to flee and people were forced to leave their homes and take refuge at an IDP camp set up by churches in Bori, Rivers state.
Limited humanitarian space and restricted access to agricultural land continued to impede livelihood activities.
Twenty three  ( 23 )  States  ( Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Nasarawa, Ebonyi, Plateau, Taraba, Adamawa, Gombe, Kaduna, Kwara, Benue, Rivers, Kogi, Enugu, Imo, Delta, Oyo, Kebbi, Cross River, Zamfara, Lagos and Abia )  have recorded at least one confirmed case across 86 Local Government Areas   Figure 1  93% of all confirmed cases are from Edo  ( 37% ) , Ondo  ( 34% ) , Ebonyi  ( 7% ) , Bauchi  ( 7% ) , Taraba ( 5% )  and Plateau  ( 4% )  states  Figure 1  Predominant age group affected is 21 40 years  ( Range: >1 month to 98 years, Median Age: 34 years )    Figure 6  The male to female ratio for confirmed cases is 1:1
Cholera Outbreak in Adamawa State: Nine  ( 9 )  new cases were reported from 16th to 30th December, 2019 from Yola North, Yola South and Girei LGAs.Total case count now stands at 851 with 4 deaths. CFR=0.47%.
In light of recent food security analyses that indicate a growing number of people at risk of food insecurity in northeasternNigeria, FAO is supporting vulnerable smallholders in the region to produce their own food. According to the latest Cadre Harmonisé analysis ( October 2019 ) , almost 2.7 million people in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe  ( BAY )  States are facing criticalfood insecurity; without sustained humanitarian support, this figure is projected to rise to over 3.5 million by the onset of the next lean season  ( June–August 2020 ) . As part of its continued efforts to improve food security in the North East, FAO has launched its 2019/20 dry season support programme targeting over 35 000 households across the BAY states.
Violence, including organized armed group  ( OAG )  attacks, continues to impact civilians and relief organization personnel across the Lake Chad Basin region, comprising Cameroon's Far North Region, Chad's Lac Region, Niger's Diffa Region, and northeastern Nigeria's Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe states. On December 13, armed actors executed four aid workers abducted in July in northeastern Nigeria. In Lac, a midDecember OAG attack resulted in the deaths of 14 civilians, as well as five injuries and 13 abductions.
The number of internally displaced people prior to the new displacements was 96,747 IDPs  ( DTM round 26, January 2019 )  with some 20,788 people living in camps and the rest residing with the host community. Between 21 May and 6 June 2019, the town received some 10,362 new arrivals from Sabon Gari. These new arrivals were absorbed in the camps, increasing the camp population by 50 percent in just over two weeks and over stretching the humanitarian assistance and resources available. As at August, there were 99,093 IDPs recorded in the LGA.
An estimated 1.7 million women and girls of reproductive age have been forcibly displaced in northeastern Nigeria due to a violent insurgency led by fundamentalist extremists, including Boko Haram. Women and girls do not stop needing – or wanting – contraceptives during a crisis. Women and girls affected by the insurgency in Borno State reported wanting to delay or space pregnancies. In fact, they said that they had higher demand for contraceptives after displacement.
The suspension of ACF/AAH operations in September affected 14,000HHs who went without food rations for almost two months, resorting to harmful coping mechanisms such as children hawking or begging and stealing. Protection concerns such as transactional sex also heightened in the community.
Following the end of the rainy season, nine fire incidents were reported. About 500 people across nine of the 12 IDP camps were affected between 24 October and 27 November 2019. State Emergency Management Agency  ( SEMA )  and CCCM/Shelter/NFIs sector partners are assisting the fire victims.
Recent heavy rains and subsequent flooding have damaged infrastructure, destroyed crops, displaced populations, and restricted humanitarian access, resulting in acute humanitarian needs across the Lake Chad Basin. Flooding has affected at least 220,000 people as of late November.
 NIGERIA : the general security situation in the Northeast of Nigeria is deteriorating with a large number of incidents recorded along the Maiduguri Damaturu road which made it extremely volatile for movements.
Heavy rainfall in neighboring Cameroon that caused the Kaalia River to breach its banks negatively impacted people in Borno's Rann town during November. More than 40,000 people in Rann primarily internally displaced persons  ( IDPs )  had little or no access to food and other basic services as of mid November, according to the UN. Relief actors report that the flooding damaged an estimated 9,900 acres of farmland, destroying crops that are the main source of food for IDPs sheltering in Rann. Frequent OAG attacks and poor road conditions in the area continue to impede humanitarian access to affected populations.
Fighters from the Islamic State West African Province  ( ISWAP )  arrived in six trucks to attack the Jakana base, near the city of Maiduguri, on Saturday evening, according to the officials.The troops forced the jihadists to retreat after a prolonged gunfight.
378 Departures were recorded in Kala/Balge LGAs of Borno State; Fufore, Mubi South Girei, Hong, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Numan, Song, Demsa, Gombi and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa State also recorded departures.
In recent weeks, ISWAP, an off shoot of regional jihadist group Boko Haram, has intensified attacks in the region, targeting soldiers but also mounting fake checkpoints, killing and abducting civilians. The decade long insurgency in northeast Nigeria has killed 36,000 people, according to the UN and displaced a further two million.
From 6 – 12 January 2020, a total of 3,071 movements were recorded, composed of 2,400 arrivals and 671 departures. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Damboa, Dikwa, Gwoza, Hawul, Jere, Konduga, Mafa, Mobbar, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas  ( LGAs )  of Borno State. Arrivals were also recorded in Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Madagali, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa State.Departures were recorded in Bama, Chibok, Gwoza and Kala/Balge LGAs of Borno State. Departures were also recorded in Fufore, Gombi, Hong, Demsa, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Numan, Song and Yola North LGAs of Adamawa State.
Security conditions in northeastern Nigeria remain volatile due to ongoing OAG attacks against civilians and Nigerian government forces. On December 13, OAG members reportedly executed four of five remaining aid workers abducted in Borno State on July 18; OAG actors had previously executed a sixth abductee in late September. The victims included staff members affiliated with humanitarian non governmental organization  ( NGO )  Action Against Hunger  ( AAH )  and Borno State Primary Health Care Development Agency personnel. AAH, the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria, and UN Secretary General António Guterres condemned the reported deaths.
In the 2020 GHO, the UN identified approximately 7.7 million people in need of humanitarian assistance across northeastern Nigeria an 8 percent increase from the 7.1 million people reported in the 2019 Humanitarian Response Plan  ( HRP )  for Nigeria. Despite an increase in people requiring assistance, the UN has decreased the number of people in Nigeria targeted with assistance from 88 percent in 2019 to 74 percent in 2020. The UN has also reduced the financial requirement for response activities in Nigeria from $848 million in 2019 to $789 million in 2020, attributing the reduction to shrinking humanitarian space and escalating conflict in northeastern Nigeria
Acute food insecurity persists throughout the Lake Chad Basin and may worsen in some areas in the coming months, according to the Famine Early Warning Systems Network  ( FEWS NET ) . Many people in some areas of northeastern Nigeria are currently facing Emergency IPC 4 levels of acute food insecurity, while some populations in inaccessible areas may be at risk of experiencing Famine IPC 5 levels of acute food insecurity. Additionally, some populations in bordering areas of Diffa, Far North, and Lac will likely face Stressed IPC 2 or worse levels of acute food insecurity until at least early 2020. Heightened food insecurity largely due to conflict continues to drive displacement throughout the region.
January 9: Sectarian violence led to thirteen deaths in Mangu, Plateau. January 10: Four Air Force officers and "several"  ( estimated at five )  bandits were killed during a gunfight in Birnin Gwari, Kaduna. January 10: Boko Haram killed three and kidnapped seven in Konduga, Borno.
Violent attacks have targeted civilians, humanitarian workers and civilian infrastructure in the country throughout December. More than 160,000 Nigerians fled their homes in 2019 as violent attacks continue to hamper the ability of the people to access essential services. Since the beginning of the year, nine humanitarians have lost their lives while trying to provide assistance in Borno State. Currently, more than 7 million people are in need of assistance in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa states.
December 2019–January 2020: The Nigerian army killed one hundred bandits in Zamfara. January 4: Four Nigerian soldiers and six Boko Haram militants were killed during a clash in Konduga, Borno. January 4: Gunmen killed four and kidnapped ten in Wukari, Taraba.
A total of 12 aid workers have lost their lives in 2019 which is twice more than in 2018. Abduction of civilians and aid workers remains a serious threat. Civilians and three aid workers abducted on 22 December by non state armed groups were released on 15 January but two female aid workers, abducted in March 2018 and July 2019, remain in captivity.
Biometric registration was recently concluded in camps and camp like settings in Monguno Local Government Area  ( LGA )  of the con ict affected state of Borno. The total number of displaced persons registered  ( from 1 April to 30 November 2019 )  is 116,537 individuals  ( 33,584 households ) . The average family size in these sites is 3: 45 per cent of the families are containing 3 4 members, 32 per cent containing 1 2 members, 18 per cent containing 5 6 members, 4 per cent containing 7 8 members, and 1 per cent containing 9 and more members .
During the period of veri cation from 1 April to 30 November 2019, a total of 10,461 displaced individuals  ( 2,628 households )  in camps and camp like settings were reported to have moved from one location to others within Monguno Local Government Area  ( LGA )  in search of humanitarian assistance whenever there was distribution.
In addition, clashes between farmers and herders, communal violence and banditry attacks resulting in the loss of human life and in material losses were reported in many federal states, particularly in the Middle Belt and the north west of Nigeria. On 8 September, the governors of Zamfara, Sokoto and Katsina states signed an agreement on cross border security cooperation with the Governor of Maradi Region in the Niger.
On overall, humanitarian access has deteriorated in Yobe state in December 2019 compared to the situation in September/October 2019 due to the fragile security situation following sustained attacks and activities of NSAG targeting Damaturu town, Babanginda in Tarmua and Goneri in Gujba LGAs. There is fear that humanitarian workers are now targets by the non state armed groups  ( NSAGs )  and face risks of abduction and killings.
Some villages in Kaga, such as Benisheik, Makintamari, Mainok, and Ngamdu, have experienced repeated attacks by the NSAGs leading to displacement, killings, and destruction of houses and property. • Most of the IDPs live in spontaneous settlement/informal camps and with host families.
Ngala Local Government Area  ( LGA ) , located in eastern Borno State on the border with Cameroon and the Lake Chad . • Non State Armed Groups  ( NSAGs )  occupied the LGA from May 2014 until March 2016 when government forces took control.
Out of the movements captured, 3,166 individuals  ( 744 households )  were those originally displaced from various wards in Monguno Local Government Area  ( LGA ) . It was discovered that 2,997 individuals  ( 708 households )  were first time movers, 45 individuals  ( 10 households )  moved twice, 63 individuals  ( 15 households )  moved three times and 61 individuals  ( 11 households )  moved more than three times to various locations  ( camp and camp like settings )  within Monguno LGA.
January 5: The Nigerian Air Force killed "several"  ( estimated at ten )  ISWA  ( Boko Haram )  militants in Kukawa, Borno. January 5: Bandits killed one and kidnapped forty in Kurfi, Katsina. January 5: Bandits kidnapped thirty in Batsari, Katsina.
January 6: Kidnappers abducted seven in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni, Rivers. January 6: A bomb planted by Boko Haram killed thirty two in Ngala, Borno. January 6: Nigerian troops killed "several"  ( estimated at ten )  Boko Haram militants in Kaga, Borno. January 6: Boko Haram killed three Nigerian soldiers in Konduga, Borno.
January 7: Nigerian troops killed "several"  ( estimated at ten )  Boko Haram militants in Jibia, Katsina. January 7: Boko Haram killed twenty soldiers and three civilians in Monguno, Borno. January 8: Nigerian troops killed "many"  ( estimated at ten )  bandits in Jibia, Katsina. January 8: Bandits abducted four seminarians in Ikara, Kaduna. January 8: Bandits killed four and kidnapped twenty one in Paikoro, Niger.
December 31: Vigilantes killed four kidnappers in Kotonkarfe, Kogi. December 31: The Nigerian Air Force killed "several"  ( estimated at ten )  Boko Haram militants in Damboa, Borno. December 31: Gunmen kidnapped three in Ekiti, Kwara.
January 1: Gunmen kidnapped five people as well as a Taraba chief in Gassol, Taraba. January 1: The Nigerian Air Force killed "scores"  ( estimated at forty )  of Boko Haram militants in Gwoza, Borno. January 2: Nigerian troops killed four Boko Haram militants in Michika, Adamawa.
In March 2019, humanitarians facilitated the relocation of 8,121 individuals from Teachers Village IDP Camp to Stadium and allocated a total of 2,210 newly constructed shelters. The camp is accommodating 2,428 households consisting of 13,286 people  ( 54% female ) . Two thirds of the people  ( 67% )  are infants, children and the elderly
Access into the town is by air through UNHAS or by road with a military escort at least twice a week on the main routes out of Ngala town including the Maiduguri Ngala road and the Ngala Rann road. • According to IOM DTM, over 4,000 IDPs arrived in Ngala LGA from 3 December 2018 to 9 April 2019 with over half living in dire conditions at the Arabic camp reception center.
The current population of the camp is about 6,091 households of approximately 29,769 individuals. • Most of the population are Nigerian refugees who returned from Niger Republic between May 2015 and December 2016, and the new arrivals displaced between May and November 2018 from Abadam, Kukawa, Monguno, Nganzai, Maiduguri, Jere, Bama, Konduga, Marte, Ngala, Kala Balge and Gwoza local government areas  ( LGAs ) . It also includes 744 IDPs relocated from Arabic Teachers College in September 2015.
Bakasi IDP camp is one of the oldest camps in Miaduguri. It is located in Bakassi Housing estate, originally built as part of the Borno State housing project. • The camp mainly houses residents originally from Monguno, Marte, Gwoza, Guzamala and Nganzai LGAs. The first residents of the camp were 4, 763 displaced individuals from Monguno. Subsequently, IDPs from Government College Camp and Arabic Teacher's College Camp in Maiduguri were relocated to the site into emergency shelters. This raised the camp population to 34, 232 individuals who were displaced mainly from Monguno, Marte, Gwoza, Guzamala and Nganzai local government areas  ( LGAs ) .
Gubio camp is located about 16 kilometers outside Maiduguri town. It was formally opened in May 2015 to receive Nigerian refugees returning from the Niger Republic through Gaidam border following attacks from non state armed groups  ( NSAGs )  in the areas of displacement.
Gwoza Local Government Area  ( LGA )  is located in southern Borno. Gwoza town is approximately 135 kilometers south east of Maiduguri . • For eight months in 2014 – 2015, Gwoza town served as the headquarters of Boko Haram. The LGA has seen the killing of hundreds of civilians, the abduction of women and girls, destruction of towns, and large scale displacement of populations.
Since the Nigerian Armed Forces re took Gwoza town in March 2015, populations are slowly starting to return. However, the return of civilian government authorities to Gwoza town has been slow, and has negatively impacted the implementation of humanitarian activities.
The IDPs are highly dependent on humanitarian assistance due to limited number of livelihood interventions and opportunities and restriction of IDP movement in and out of the camp. • There are very few classrooms leading to high congestion with an average of 365 children per classroom. There is need to repair six partially damaged classrooms. There is no furniture in the two learning spaces with pupils sitting on the floor. • There is an urgent need to repair 751 shelters. Some 254 of these shelters are completely damaged while 497 are partially damaged.
There were 33 suspected cases of cholera reported from two LGAs in two states  ( Bayelsa – 25 & Kebbi – 8 ) . None was laboratory confirmed and two deaths were recorded
The ten year long conflict in northeast Nigeria has caused a large scale humanitarian crisis across the worst affected states of Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe with 7.1 million people in need of humanitarian assistance in 2019. An estimated 1.8 million people are internally displaced across the three states in the northeast; livelihoods have been lost, commercial markets and trade have been disrupted, host community resources are depleting, and large areas of Borno State remain inaccessible for humanitarian actors due to the volatile security situation.
Askira/Uba: 319 arrivals and 94 departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno State. The arrivals include 2 from Hong LGA of Adamawa State. Other arrivals include 183 from Kopa/Multhafu ward, 105 from Askira East ward, and 29 from Ngulde ward and were tracked in Lassa, Askira east and Ngohi wards. The departures include 76 from Ngulde ward, 13 from Hausari/Zadawa ward and 5 from Mussa ward. 57% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to fear of attack, 42% due to the ongoing conflict/attack while 1% was reportedly due to poor living condition. 81% of the departures reported to have relocated due to the ongoing conflict/attack while 19% relocated voluntarily.
As of 2017, 40% of the population  ( 77 million people )  had no access to improved sanitation, and almost half of those without access practised open defecation. However, there was relatively better progress on access to improved drinking water supply, with the percentage of the population with access rising from 57% in 2000 to 76% in 2015. This was largely as a result of improvements in access in urban areas combined with an increasing proportion of the population living in urban rather than rural areas.
89% of all confirmed cases are from Edo  ( 38% ) , Ondo  ( 38% )  and Ebonyi  ( 11% )  states.  The predominant age group affected is 11 40 years  ( Range: >11 to 60 years, Median Age: 33 years ) . The male to female ratio for confirmed cases is 1:1  ( Figure 3 ) .  The number of suspected cases has increased but is lower than the numbers reported in 2019.  No Health Care Worker infection was identified in the reporting week 03.
On January 21, Boko Haram insurgents executed Rev. Lawan Andimi, Chairman of the Christian Association of Nigeria in Adamawa State, after refusing a ransom offered for his release. Andimi was declared missing on January 2, and a video later emerged on Twitter confirming he was in Boko Haram's custody.
With the advent of the SDGs, the focus has shifted from access to improved facilities to universal access to safely managed services. Regarding drinking water, although progress has been made on improved access since 2000, those with access to safely managed services only grew from 15% to 20% from 2000 to 2017, leaving 153 million people still unserved.
On January 18, suspected Boko Haram insurgents attacked a United Nations facility housing several aid groups in Ngala, Borno State. At least 20 internally displaced persons waiting for assistance at the facility were killed, according to media reports. In a public statement following the attack, the UN's humanitarian coordinator in Nigeria, Edward Kallon, said aid workers are increasingly targeted by insurgents, noting 12 were killed in 2019, double the previous year, while two others remain in captivity.
After ten years of conflict with Boko Haram in the northeast, Nigeria continues to contend with violence from the insurgency group and its breakout factions, as well as violent banditry, kidnappings, and killings by armed groups in other parts of the country. And Nigerian security agencies are repeatedly implicated in gross human rights violations, including extrajudicial killings, arbitrary arrests, and torture – for which there has been little or no accountability. In November 2019, a video showing men dressed in army fatigues torturing and killing a suspected Boko Haram insurgent surfaced online. Despite promises, the Nigerian army has yet to take appropriate action.
The impact of the fall in oil prices has had a substantial impact on government spending on welfare sectors, which includes funding to water supply.From 2013 to 2017, Federal and State government expenditure on what they term as welfare sectors fell from 16.6% and 32% of their total expenditure, to 12% and 28.5%. Local government spending also fell from 41.3% in 2015 to 33.4% of total expenditure in 2017.
Nigeria has the biggest economy in Africa and its gross domestic product  ( GDP )  is ranked twenty ninth in the world, placing Nigeria between Austria and the United Arab Emirates. Its GDP per capita  ( 2,366 US$ )  is similar to that of India  ( 2,309 US$ )  and higher than that of most African countries.
Damboa: 257 arrivals were recorded in Damboa LGA of Borno State. The arrivals include 101 from Bale/Galtimari ward of Jere LGA. Other arrivals include 153 from Azur/Multe/Forfor ward and 3 from Kafa/Mafi ward and were tracked in Damboa Central ward. 61% of the new arrivals reported to have relocated due to poor living conditions while 39% relocated due to military operations.
That deadly attack left 2,728 people homeless. According to an IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix  ( DTM )  report, more than 300 shelters and properties belonging to the affected individuals were destroyed. The ongoing conflict in north east Nigeria continues to claim the lives of innocent people, and increasingly, of humanitarian workers. In 2019, twelve aid workers lost their lives, twice the number of deaths in the previous year.
Fifty years since the end of Nigeria's deadly civil war, Christian Aid has brought together influencers from the worlds of politics, charity, business and faith to unite to help the country shed its title of ‘poverty capital of the world'. The Nigeria Biafra War  ( 1967 1970 )  was fought over the formation of the state of Biafra, made up of states in Nigeria's Eastern Region who declared their independence in May 1967. When the conflict ended on 15 January 1970, as many as two million Biafran civilians had died of starvation, disease and injury.
There were 19 suspected cases of yellow fever  ( YF )  reported from 17 LGAs in 11 states. None was laboratory confirmed and no death was recorded
Worrying reports of gruesome attacks and killings by insurgents in Nigeria's restive northeast region appear to show an escalation of attacks on aid workers and other civilians over the past several weeks.
There were 183 suspected cases of measles reported from 83 LGAs in 21 states. None was laboratory confirmed and three deaths were recorded.
Inconsistent power supply – disruptions in power supply have impacted WASH services, such as water production. Water utilities rely heavily on generators as an alternative energy supply source and as a result face high diesel costs. .Improving electricity supply is a key priority under the Economic Growth and Recovery Plan and through the Power Sector Recovery Program  ( PSRP ) .
However, due to extreme levels of inequality and insufficient distribution polices, economic growth has not reduced poverty levels in Nigeria. The Brookings Institute estimated in October 2019 that almost 95 million people  ( 48 per cent of the population )  are living in extreme poverty  ( with an income of 1.9 US$ per day or less ) , a number that is bigger than in any other country and growing by four persons every minute.11 According to World Bank data, the number of persons with a daily income of less than 1.9 US$ grew from 57.2 million in 1992 to 84.8 million in 2009.
The Special Rapporteur notes with appreciation that the 2012 National Policy on Internally Displaced Persons in Nigeria refers to the right to housing and other economic, social and cultural rights, including the rights to an adequate standard of living, food and water, basic shelter and housing, appropriate clothing and essential medical services and sanitation for internally displaced persons, and that it specifically mentions that women should be full participants in the distribution of supplies.
Women experience sex  and gender based discrimination in almost every aspect of life in Nigeria. A particularly concerning manifestation of such discrimination is domestic violence. Although data is scant, one study found that close to a third of all of Nigerian women had experienced physical violence at the hands of their intimate partners. Violence seems to remain prevalent despite the enactment of the 2015 Violence against Persons  ( Prohibition )  Act.
On 18 April, another fire broke out in the Waterboard camp in Monguno LGA, which is the third such incident recorded in the camp in a week. Initial assessments indicate 100 shelters were entirely burnt down.
Over the last couple of weeks, Boko Haram has increased attacks on the road from Maiduguri to Kano, the only remaining safe highway of the six major roads that connect Maiduguri with the rest of the state and country, according to Nigeria media. A major report on the increasing isolation of Maiduguri closely follows Boko Haram attacks on transmission lines supplying the city with electricity.
Some 9.4 million people are estimated to be in immediate need of assistance  ( phases 3 5 )  in October December 2019 in the 16 countries analysed in the Sahel and West Africa region  ( excluding Liberia ) , including 4 million in Nigeria, 1.5 million in Niger and 1.2 million in Burkina Faso. This situation is likely to worsen, mainly due to insecurity. By June August 2020, 14.4 million people  ( 5.4% )  are projected to be in a crisis situation or worse, including 1.2 million in an emergency situation  ( phase 4 ) .
In Africa's most populous country, more than 47% of the population lives in extreme poverty. In Borno state in the northeast, the conflict continues to uproot civilians. The majority of people who had to flee for safety live in makeshift settlements or highly congested camps and rely mostly on the support of local communities, authorities, and humanitarian organisations. Overcrowding brings with it lack of access to basic services, cyclical epidemic outbreaks, rampant fires, and an increased risk of sexual and gender based violence.
Humanitarian aid workers in north east Nigeria continue to put their life on the line to deliver life saving assistance to those who need it, in keeping with the humanitarian principles. In 2019, 12 humanitarian workers were executed by nonstate armed groups and there were frequent security incidents against humanitarians.
One confirmed case of Lassa fever on 23rd January 2020 at UMTH.  Three  ( 3 )  suspected cases of Lassa fever were reported from the 19th – 24th of January 2020 in Borno State  2 related deaths reported, 1 confirmed, 1 suspected
Four  ( 4 )  cases of Lassa fever reported as at 24th January 2020, with 2 associated deaths. 1 from Bolori I, 1 in Wulari Jerusalem, 1 in Bakassi IDP camp and 1 from State specialist hospital Maiduguri all from MMC LGA of Borno state. Four  ( 4 )  samples were collected and sent to NCDC reference laboratory in Abuja, 1 tested positive and 3 samples are being processed