nlp-thedeep/humsetbias huggingface dataset:
Damage to shelters, community spaces, and public infrastructure was reported throughout conflict affected baladiyas, due in large part to indiscriminate shelling of residential neighbourhoods. Schools, mosques, markets, and police stations, as well as parts of the local road network, electrical grid, and telecommunications infrastructure, were all reported to have been partly damaged or destroyed by shelling and airstrikes.
Access and the security of medical facilities and staff is a major constraint, as field hospitals and ambulance teams are being hampered by indiscriminate shelling and airstrikes.
In April 2019 conflict between the Libyan National Army  ( LNA )  aligned to the government in the east and the opposing UN backed Government of National Accord  ( GNA ) , based in the northwest of Libya, escalated in and around the capital Tripoli. Clashes between the LNA, the GNC and their respective allied forces have affected 1.5 million people and displaced over 37,600. Around 90 civilian casualties have been reported, including at least 21 deaths. Key humanitarian needs include safe access to healthcare, and protection and shelter assistance. Migrants and refugees in Tripoli have been particularly impacted by the conflict due to their vulnerable status. Infrastructure, including water and power facilities, has been damaged. Severe movement restrictions have impacted civilian access to services, and humanitarian operations.
The source said Egaiem's armed group withdrew from the area due to the heavy gunshots fired by the gunmen, adding that nobody was injured or killed.
At least 440 families are displaced, many fleeing to relatives' homes as fighting comes closer to urban areas. Several hundred migrants are detained in the southern outskirts of Tripoli and their safety is at risk.
Around 3,370 migrants and refugees remain trapped in centres close to the conflict lines and are in serious need of food, water, health care and protection services
Clashes between rival forces are impacting 1.5 million civilians living in and around Tripoli  ( UNICEF 13/04/2019 ) . Disproportionate and indiscriminate use of explosive weapons have forced some 37,600 people to flee from their homes in highly populated areas of Tripoli. As of 25 April, 90 civilian casualties have been reported including 21 deaths  ( along with two children )  and others injured. Casualties are expected to increase as the fighting advances towards the city centre and both parties of conflict are using airstrikes and heavy artillery  ( OCHA 25/04/2019 )
According to the UN, people in Tripoli who are originally from the east of Libya are at increased risk of being targeted for killing, kidnapping and arbitrary arrests because of their perceived potential affiliation with the LNA or involvement in the conflict  ( OCHA 19/04/2019 ) . Houses of IDPs have reportedly been looted or destroyed based on the believed political affiliated of the resident  ( REACH 17/04/2019 ) .
Since then, fighting has killed more than 700 and wounded 4,000, while nearly 100,000 have been displaced, according to UN agencies.
Migrants and refugees are particularly vulnerable to extreme violence by Libyan security forces, militias, smuggling networks, and criminal gangs  ( UNOHCHR 20/12/2018, Women's Refugee Commission 21/03/2019 ) . Libya's instability, as well as its strategic location, have allowed smuggling and human trafficking networks, dominated by armed groups, to flourish
Over 37,600 people are currently displaced by the clashes  ( OCHA 25/04/2019 ) . Some displaced families are staying with extended family members or in abandoned warehouses, factories and schools  ( REUTERS 16/04/2019 ) . Others have found shelter in centres established by Tripoli Crisis Management Committee  ( UNICEF 13/04/2019 )
Most schools in conflict affected areas have been closed, impacting 122,088 children in nine municipalities  ( UNICEF 20/04/2019 ) . Families have been keeping their children from going to the schools that have remained open because of insecurity on the roads. A number of schools have been damaged by shelling and one was hit by an airstrike.
Health workers, including doctors and ambulance staff, have been deliberately targeted during the clashes, resulting in the withdrawal of medical workers from the rescue operations  ( OCHA 14/04/2019 ) . Movement away from the frontline is also restricted because of the blockage of all main roads by checkpoints and dirt barriers. A shortage of fuel has made it increasingly difficult to move  ( REACH 17/04/2019; OCHA 20/04/2019 ) .
Shelters and infrastructure in Murzuq sustained significant damage at the height of the conflict, with civilian homes and businesses being looted and burned by armed groups, particularly in the neighbourhoods of Addisa, Alhurriya, and Alqurudh.
Access issues hamper the effective delivery of humanitarian assistance to migrants and refugees in detention centres in close proximity to the conflict. They are trapped and without any access to assistance  ( OCHA 14/04/2019 ) . For migrants who are not detained, the lack of private transportation has made it nearly impossible to leave conflict affected areas without assistance  ( REACH 17/04/2019 ) . Refugees, IDPs and migrants who are stranded or fleeing southern Tripoli as a result of the clashes are in need of information on emergency medical assistance, evacuation to safe areas, access to assistance shelter  ( OCHA 14/04/2019 ) .
Clashes continued in conflict affected areas of southern Tripoli, reportedly with continued use of airstrikes and shelling. The number of families displaced has continued to steadily increase, and most of the displaced households are currently staying with family and in private accommodations.
Based on rapid profiling of over 1,100 IDP families, 51% of displaced individuals are estimated to be female and 49% male. Furthermore, over 48% of IDPs were estimated to be children under the age of 18.
Prior to the escalation of conflict in April 2019, some 823,000 people were estimated in need of humanitarian assistance including 188,000 people living in Tripoli. Some 172,500 people were already internally displaced by the violence in Libya. Both displaced and non displaced populations have faced significant shortages of food, fuel, water, medical supplies and electricity as well as reduced access to healthcare and public services  ( OCHA October 2018; IOM February 2018 ) .
While the South of Libya remained the most expensive part of the country, the median cost of the MEB increased in all three regions, especially in the East  ( +7.5% )  where Derna recorded the greatest monthly change  ( +19.2% ) . Following the end of active conflict in mid February 2019 in Derna's Old City, some food and hygiene items had been reported unavailable  ( rice, flour )  and unaffordable  ( meat, fruit, vegetables ) .3 Between March and April, the price of all assessed food items in the city either remained unchanged or increased in price, notably sugar  ( +100.0% ) , rice  ( +60.0% ) , potatoes  ( +50.0% ) , tomatoes  ( +50.0% ) , and canned tuna  ( +40.0% ) .
Some 37,600 individuals have been displaced  ( IDPs )  due to the ongoing conflict in Tripoli. Since last week, over 11,000 individuals have left their houses to reach safer areas located in the Warshefana area  ( west of Tripoli )  or cities along the coast. The large majority of IDPs are hosted by relatives and friends while over 2,230 reached 16 collective shelters set up by the local authorities. An unconfirmed number of families continue to be stranded in conflict affected areas and unable to move. In the past 48 hours, nearly 1,500 new IDPs were identified in Suq Alkhamees, Misrata, Garabolli, Janzour and other areas of Tripoli.
On 22 April, IRC conducted a safety audit at the Ahmed Ben Shatwan collective shelter. This shelter was established by the Libyan Red Crescent in recent days to house urban refugees and migrants. The shelter is housing 72 individuals, of whom 37 are children, yet has only one functional toilet used by men, women, girls and boys and has no bathing room
Currently, around 3,390 migrants in detention centers in Tripoli and nearby areas are assessed to be at high risk of being affected by the conflict. Furthermore, there is a significant population of urban migrants also present in the affected areas. Urban migrants in the context of the ongoing conflict also constitute a particularly vulnerable group and their protection remains a concern.
MSF remains extremely concerned for all civilians caught in the fighting as heavy, indiscriminate shelling and airstrikes continue in densely populated areas of Tripoli. Since clashes erupted, the World Health Organization reports 296 deaths, including 21 civilians, and a further 1,441 injuries. More than 35,000 people in Libya have been forced to flee from their homes, according the International Organization for Migration.
“The fighting is also depriving children of their right to education. The academic year has been suspended in all schools in conflict affected areas, and seven schools are currently sheltering displaced families. A recent attack on an education warehouse destroyed 5 million schoolbooks and national school exam results.
“Libya has suffered through more than seven years of persistent conflict that has left at least 820,000 people, including some 250,000 children, in dire need of humanitarian assistance and the situation is deteriorating yet again. For their sake, and the sake of the country's future, the fighting must stop.
Over 20,000 persons have been affected and about 4,250 are currently displaced; of those, 1,200 are hosted in five collective shelters habilitated by the authorities.
The majority of IDPs, however, had moved farther from the frontlines, dispersing to the baladiyas immediately surrounding Tripoli as well as to more distant parts of west Libya such as Alkhums, Bani Waleed and Jebel Nafusa. Roughly 15% of displaced Libyans moved farther in towards the less affected areas of Tripoli city, particularly the baladiyas of Hai Alandalus, Abusliem, and Tajoura.7
The International Organization for Migration has warned that some 2,800 people have been displaced by the fighting so far, and that in some areas civilians have been unable to leave due to intensity of the clashes. Many are cut off from emergency services.
Since 2011, Libya has been in turmoil with different factions competing for power, resulting in a vacuum of governance and continued conflict with severe humanitarian ramifications. Following the eruption of clashes and escalation of conflict on 3 April 2019 in Tripoli, the country has spiraled into further disarray. Fighting has led to fatalities and injuries among the civilian population as well as an upsurge in the displacement of people. Migrants held in detention centres are particularly at risk and in need of protection due to their limited freedom of movement and inability to seek safety from shelling in residential areas.
Over 3,300 refugees and migrants remain trapped in detention centres located in conflict affected areas or in areas at risk of armed conflict. Of these, approximately 1,000 are children.
Civilian casualties: Verified civilian casualty figures remain unchanged over the past 48 hours. Health sector confirms at least 90 civilian casualties, including 21 fatalities that have been verified since the beginning of the conflict.1 These casualties include medical personnel, women and children, and at least one foreign national.
Following the onset of armed conflict on 04 April 2019 in South Tripoli, at least 6,995 families  ( approximately 34,975 individuals )  have been displaced from their homes. Since DTM's last update on 19 April, an additional 570 displaced families  ( approximately 2,850 individuals )  were identified.
The LYD continues to appreciate against the USD on the parallel market, the value of the dinar has risen by 5% in the past two months.
Water from the public network was reportedly only available 1 3 days per week in Al Aziziya and Swani bin Adam. The water in these areas was reported to have a bad taste and, according to one KI, was undrinkable without purification. Residents of Al Aziziya and Swani bin Adam were reportedly unable to access enough water to meet their needs.
The proportion of displaced accommodated in collective shelters set up by local authorities continues to be around 10% of the total displaced. Most displaced people are currently staying with family and in private accommodation in neighbourhoods and suburbs in Tripoli. Preliminary information suggests that people are moving out of Tripoli towards coastal areas, including secondary displacement.
Since 1 September 2017, 1,404 individuals have been submitted for resettlement to 8 States  ( Canada, France, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland ) . A total of 383 individuals have departed on resettlement from Libya directly or through the ETC in Romania to Canada, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. A total of 165 individuals have been accepted for resettlement and are pending departure from Libya directly or through the ETC Romania to Canada  ( 38 ) , France  ( 11 ) , the Netherlands  ( 1 ) , Norway  ( 109 )  and Sweden  ( 6 ) . A total of 878 individuals have been submitted for resettlement and are pending interview or decision by a resettlement State in Libya.
Some 34,100 people have been forced to flee their homes, as per DTM displacement tracking, while an unconfirmed number of civilians remain trapped in conflict affected areas. Trapped civilians are either unable to flee due to conflict dynamics, or unwilling to leave due to fear of looting of their premises due to perceived political affiliation. This includes nearly 3,600 refugees and migrants who are located in Detention Centers in conflict affected areas or areas in close proximity to clashes.
Since the beginning of the conflict, some 89 civilian casualties, including 20 fatalities have been verified, noting here that verified casualty numbers always represent the absolute minimum, and that unconfirmed numbers could well be higher.
As of 6 September, 6,058 refugees and migrants were rescued/intercepted at sea by the Libyan Coast Guard during 78 sea operations. The majority of those disembarked are from Sudan, Mali and Ivory Coast. So far in 2019, a total of 314 persons have gone missing while 18 bodies were recovered during sea rescue operations.
Refugees and migrants in urban settings report to face discrimination with regards to their to access collective shelters, with reports of them being routinely requested to provide health certificates as a pretext for denying them access to collective shelters.
Among the 250 people who disembarked in Misrata and Khoms, there are women, some of whom are pregnant, babies and young children under seven years old. They were transferred to detention centres in the area. Days earlier, another 117 people drowned in a separate incident, clearly pointing to a deliberate neglect on the part of European authorities for providing lifesaving search and rescue capacity in the Central Mediterranean.
The situation is especially alarming for over 3,300 migrants, among them children and pregnant women.
If confirmed the number of civilian casualties verified since the start of hostilities is 80, including 20 killed.
Among the people recently disembarked, some are suffering from malnutrition, hypothermia, or severe diarrhoea. Some report that before trying to cross the Mediterranean Sea, they had been held captive by traffickers for weeks, sometimes months, and were deprived of food and systematically abused and tortured.
As the number of IDPs continues to rise, more collective centres are being established to provide shelter. Many of these collective centres are set up in schools and other facilities not equipped to support the WASH needs of large populations and require urgent rehabilitation.
Reported priority needs of the displaced families include medical supplies, particularly for chronic diseases such as diabetes, as well as food and non food Items  ( blankets, mattresses, clothes, hygiene kits, and diapers ) .
In terms of non food items, key informants at most locations reported baby milk / formula, diapers, drinking water, clothes, and hygiene kits as needed. In Abusliem and Salah Eddin neighborhoods, essential medication  ( like insulin and hypertension medication )  was also reported as needed.
Libyan and non Libyans face significant protection risks, stemming from conflict and violence, including violations of international humanitarian and human rights laws.
Within the first 72 hours following the flooding in Ghat, assistance was provided to around 700 displaced families in the form of NFI family packages by local and international humanitarian actors.
The number of deaths along the central Mediterranean route was recorded at 321 individuals in the first five months of 2019.
Between 22 and 24 February 2019, at least 200 families were displaced from Murzuq to Al Qatrun as the security situation became increasingly tense in Murzuq and surrounding areas over the past week. Reportedly, IDP families are staying with relatives and host families.
According to sources, disagreement among the Sudanese movements could increase and become more violent as Haftar did not commit to his financial and military aids to them.
Taken together, the January and February screenings highlight that the conditions from which and to which people arrive are highly concerning from a nutritional perspective. New arrivals to Sabaa are more likely to be malnourished or underweight, and their nutritional status is likely to deteriorate further the longer they stay in the DC.
LRC reports a high number of scabies cases in the Qasr Bin Ghasheer DC.
The International Organization for Migration has repatriated 160 African migrants who have been living under dire conditions in Libya amid the chaos reigning in the country.
According to the World Health Organization  ( WHO ) , at least 227 people have been killed and 1,128 injured since the launch of Haftar's offensive.
More than 30,000 people have been displaced since the start of the fighting earlier this month, said WHO.
96% of Egyptian migrants entered Libya directly, while 3% reported entering through Sudan. The remaining 1% entered through Tunisia, usually through travel by airplane to Tunis and then onwards to Libya.
The resurgence of the conflict in Tripoli has led to the temporary shutdown of Mitiga International Airport, the only functioning airport in the city, on several occasions since the onset of the conflict  ( The New York Times 09/04/2019; REUTERS 21/04/2019 ) .
"The fatalities have mounted to 220, while 1066 cases of injuries have been recorded, following the aggression," the WHO clarified in a statement.
The World Health Organization  ( WHO )  confirmed Saturday that the death toll from the aggression on Tripoli has risen to more than 200.
In terms of availability of other services, lack of education services and waste removal services were reported as the most affected public services that were not widely available during the assessment period.
While the violence continues, UNHCR and humanitarian agencies' teams have restricted access to detention centres to provide vital lifesaving aid and assistance.
Heavy armed clashes and artillery shelling on residential areas in Ain Zara and Khalla al Forjan have translated into an upsurge in displacement numbers in and around Tripoli. As per DTM, the current total of IDPs now amounts to just over 6,000 individuals, of whom nearly half have been displaced within the last 48 hours. If violence were to continue and fighting were to reach the more populated areas of Tripoli city, further large scale displacement has to be expected.
Violence has escalated over the past few days in and around the Libyan capital of Tripoli. Nearly half a million children in Tripoli and tens of thousands more in the western areas are at direct risk due to the intensification of fighting.
93% of migrants departing from Sudan reported entering Libya directly, while 6% traveled through Chad. The remaining 1% traveled through Egypt
81% of migrants departing Burkina Faso reported travelling through Niger while 18% travelled to Mali first and then to Algeria to reach Libya. The remaining 1% reported other routes.
Displaced households left their homes in the conflict affected areas of Al Aziziya, Suq al Khamis, Qasr Ben Gashir, Khalla al Furjan, Ain Zara, Trig al Matar and Wadi Al Gharbi. Most displaced families are reportedly staying with family in private accommodation, however around 130 IDPs are currently located in two collective shelters in Tajoura and Ain Zara.
Four people, three of whom were hajis, have been injured and others have been left in shock and panic, while the airport and a plane received some damages due to the shelling.
The security situation in and around Tripoli remains volatile and unpredictable. Shelling on residential areas has been reported, in many cases emergency services are unable to reach the wounded and injured.
Fears of further civilian bloodshed are growing as clashes on the outskirts of Tripoli, between forces from the self proclaimed Libyan National Army, under General Khalifa Haftar's command, and militias aligned with Libya's internationally recognized Government of National Accord escalate, said Amnesty International today.
Many of the evacuees need medical treatment and are suffering from malnourishment.
Since the vast majority of newly displaced families are hosted by families/friends, these populations and their needs are becoming increasingly challenging to identify. According to a recent DTM assessment of market access, the worst affected areas were Khallat al Furjan  ( in Ain Zara municipality )  and Swani Bin Adam municipality, where most markets were reported to be closed, causing limitations for newly displaced population to access basic goods, such as NFIs when needed.
According to the Tripoli based Health Ministry, at least 25 people have been killed and 80 injured since the offensive by General Haftar to take over the capital, Tripoli, was launched on 4 April. At least four of those killed were civilians, including two medical workers, according to the UN.
The relocation, carried out together with IOM, was triggered by reports on Tuesday of the use of armed violence against detainees who were protesting the conditions in which they were being held, with gunshots reported to have been fired in the air. While there were no bullet wounds, 12 refugees endured physical attacks that required hospital treatment.
Some of the fighting is also in close proximity to immigration detention centres in Qasr Ben Gashir and Ain Zara, where around 1,300 refugees and migrants are being held.
Refugees and migrants detained in Libya are already extremely vulnerable and suffer horrendous abuse at the hands of detaining authorities and smugglers. There are real concerns for their safety and their humanitarian situation if the clashes intensify, with reports of some being left locked up without food or water, in inhuman conditions,' said Magdalena Mughrabi.
The 25th round of DTM data collection in Libya took place in March, April and May 2019. DTM identified at least 641,398 migrants who originated from more than 39 countries currently present in Libya. Migrants were identified in all 100 municipalities, within 565 communities.
Fire broke at the Gurgani power station in Ain Zara in southern Tripoli after an artillery shell had fallen on one of the turbines, thus prevailing a blackout in large areas of the district.
Eyewitness accounts of those involved in the rescue said that there were at least 70 bodies in the water. The survivors were rescued by fishermen who brought them back to Khoms. Based on testimonies, there had been at least 300 people on the boats, including 50 women and children, and 100 more people on another boat, but we couldn't confirm this information.
The 1,300 migrants currently in Qasr Ben Gashir Detention Center and Ain Zara Detention Center continue to be at risk due to direct proximity to areas where armed conflict is taking place and possible interruptions of detention center food supply due to intermittent road closure.
Children and caregivers who have been evacuated from the conflict zone are showing signs of distress and trauma and are in need of psycho social services  ( PSS )   ( OCHA 14/04/2019 )
Notably, in 11 municipalities there were no operational hospitals available whereas several municipalities did not have operational public health centers / clinics
Some 3,000 refugees and migrants remain trapped in detention centers in Abusliem, Gharyan and Qasr bin Ghashir, in close proximity to ongoing hostilities. Adding to the risk of close proximity to fighting, detention centres have in some cases been abandoned by guards, leaving detainees to their own devices without basic supplies.
The situation has caused panic and fear among the residents in the conflict zones. Some humanitarian workers are trapped in the conflict affected areas including one national staff of World Health Organization  ( WHO ) . There is a continuous shortage of gas and petrol in most districts in the west and western coast; in some areas the price of benzene in the black market has doubled.
Movement into the Old City had become difficult for drivers, as many streets were destroyed or littered with rubble during the active fighting; there was reportedly little access for larger commercial vehicles.
Due to continued escalation of violence in South Tripoli, an additional 335 families  ( approximately 1,675 individuals )  were displaced during the last 24 hours. Since the onset of armed conflict on 05 April 2019, at least 895 families  ( approximately 4,475 individuals )  have been displaced to other areas in Tripoli, Msallata, Garabolli, Gheryan, Bani Waleed and Tarhuna.
Within a month after the end of active conflict in Derna's Old City, many households displaced by the fighting had returned to the Old City area. These returnees confronted heavy damage to shelters, community buildings, and municipal infrastructure, especially streets and power grids, as well as contamination by landmines and ERW.
LNA fighters have indiscriminately shot at detained migrants. At least 10 people were seriously wounded and are in urgent need of medical treatment  ( Al Jazeera 24/04/2019 ) .
In round 24, a large proportion  ( 42% )  of IDPs were identified in the west of Libya, followed by 31% in the East and 27% identified in the South Libya. The highest figure reported for the presence of IDPs was in Benghazi  ( 26,865 individuals )  followed by Sebha  ( 21,005 individuals )
The last six months witnessed renewed armed clashes in Tripoli which started on 4 April leading to the displacement of an estimated 20, 975 families  ( approximately 104,875 individuals )  while about 3,760 migrants remain in detention centers in Tripoli and nearby areas and considered to be at high risk of being affected by the conflict. In June, heavy rains led to flooding in Ghat and surrounding areas that led to displacement of about 5,075 individuals including 450 migrants from Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana , Mauritania and Sudan.
The U.N. refugee agency has said that more than 3,000 migrants, most of them apprehended by EU funded and trained Libyan coast guards while trying to cross the Mediterranean Sea, are at risk because they are held in detention centers close to the front lines.
Refugees, IDPs and migrants who are stranded or fleeing the southern part of Tripoli as a result of the ongoing fighting are in need of information on emergency medical assistance, evacuation to safe areas, access to assistance/services and shelter
Parties to the conflict forcing detained migrants to handle weapons, stockpiling weapons where migrants are detained, and conducting military activities in compounds where migrants are detained would likely violate the laws of armed conflict. Using civilians as human shields or taking hostages would constitute war crimes.
As fighting on the outskirts of Libya's capital heads into its third week and shows no signs of abating, the casualty count is rising, some aid organisations are moving expatriate staff out of the country, and it's only getting worse for civilians on the ground.
Humanitarian needs are growing by the day,' said Rabab al Rifai, communication coordinator for the International Committee of the Red Cross in Libya. “A large scale escalation of violence in an urban area like Tripoli, which counts over one million inhabitants, could have dramatic consequences. The situation in and around the city has evolved rapidly over the past two weeks, and fears of yet another protracted conflict are on the rise.'
At dawn on 24 October, a drone strike in Salahuddin Road in the southern outskirts of Tripoli hit an ambulance killing its driver; this is the 19th attack on an ambulance in 2019.
Access to clean drinking is a key concern. Bottled water is the main source of drinking water in conflict affected areas. Water from the public network in some areas is only available 1  3 days per week as a result of the fighting disrupting the supply. Moreover, the water provided through the public network is undrinkable and needs purification  ( REACH 17/04/2019 )
Authorities of the airport have announced the suspension of air traffic temporarily, before resuming flights later.
Areas south of Ain Zara, Khala, Azizya, Wadi Rabiya'a and Qasr Bin Ghasheer are largely inaccessible to humanitarian actors due to fighting and random shelling.
Years of conflict in Libya has caused 97,000 people to flee their homes. The United Nations has reported that a further 2,800 have been displaced since Friday due to the fighting in Tripoli. As conditions worsen, we can also expect to see an increase in the number of people attempting to escape across the Mediterranean Sea, at a time when search and rescue efforts have been withdrawn.
Following their evacuation from the conflict zone, displaced children and caregivers show signs of distress and trauma as a result of the fighting and lack of recreational activities
Later the same day, an airstrike damaged Wadi Alrabei field hospital in Ain Zara and injured a paramedics.
Based on rapid profiling of over 1,100 IDP families, 51% of displaced individuals are estimated to be female and 49% male. Furthermore, over 48% of IDPs were estimated to be children under the age of 18
Furthermore, over 3,760 migrants remain in detention centers in Tripoli and nearby areas and are also considered to be at high risk of being affected by the conflict.
Protection concerns reported in these mahallas included arrests, detentions, and family separations, as well as verbal and physical harassment. Robberies and destruction of property were also reported in the Old City area, particularly in Al Bilad and El Jebilah.
The overall situation for urban migrants in Janzour was reported as instable and stressed. Migrants' freedom of movement was reported to be partially affected, however migrants were still observed to be going to the work recruitment points.
A medical source at Al Jalaa hospital in Benghazi confirmed that fatalities in Haftars forces had exceeded one hundred, in the recent clashes in Tripoli, adding that they were given strict orders not to disclose the number of casualties, according to Libya Al Ahrar channel.
90% of migrants departing from Sudan reported entering Libya directly, while 7% traveled through Chad. The remaining 3% traveled through Egypt
Undersecretary of the Ministry of Health, Mohammad Haitham, confirmed that 76 people have been killed, including 24 civilians; two of them women and 3 children, in addition to 475 others wounded, as a result of the clashes in the suburbs of Tripoli.
The majority of migrants were reported to have already left Swani bin Adam since the onset of the armed conflict, and those who remain were reported to be unable to move safely within the city. Their access to food was reported as problematic, as the migrants were unable to safely access grocery stores and super markets.
Indiscriminate use of heavy artillery has left civilian infrastructure partly damaged or destroyed. Impacted infrastructure includes houses, schools, mosques, road networks, markets and the international airport in Tripoli  ( REACH 17/04/2019, OCHA 21/04/2019 ) .
Fighting in Tripoli, the capital city of Libya, has been escalating over the past week. So far, 47 people have been killed according to the World Health Organization and the violence shows no sign of stopping. People living in Tripoli are caught in the midst of clashes between heavily armed groups, putting them at risk of serious harm.
The UN Support Mission in Libya  ( UNSMIL )  warned the warring factions against breach of the cease fire agreement concluded in September 2018, saying the escalation undermines the stability in the capital and endangers the lives of civilians and their properties.
A Rapid Assessment of WASH needs in eight collective centres has been completed. Concerns identified include that Tripoli University Dormitory collective centre lacks running water to the toilets and lacks showers, resulting in some IDPs having not bathed for several days; the Trucks Company collective centre is in need of a water pump.
1. Indiscriminate attacks and shelling on civilian populated areas have led to high displacement numbers. The humanitarian community reminds all parties to the conflict that they must respect their obligations under international humanitarian law of distinction, proportionality and precaution.
On 24 and 25 April, UNHCR and IOM transferred over 650 refugees and migrants from Qaser Ben Gasheer detention centre to Azzawya detention centre, in coordination with the Ministry of Interior, partner LibAid and UN partners. While they remain in detention, all refugees and migrants are now in a safer area, away from the frontlines, where UNHCR can access them. In the coming days, the most vulnerable will be identified for transfer to the Gathering and Departure Facility  ( GDF ) .
Since DTM's last update on 17 May, clashes and airstrikes reportedly continued in the areas of Wadi al Rabea, Swani, Qasr Ben Gashir, Khalla al Furjan, Ain Zara and Aziziya. DTM identified an additional 1,455 displaced families  ( approximately 7,275 individuals ) , bringing the total number of internally displaced persons to at least 16,460 families  ( approximately 82,300 individuals )  who have been forced to leave their homes due to armed conflict since the start of hostilities on 04 April 2019.
Detained migrants and refugees, including women and children, are particularly vulnerable, especially those in detention centres located in the vicinity of the fighting.
60 attacks on health facilities and medical staff have caused the death of 74 and injured 49 since January this year.
Field ambulance and first aid services are being hampered by indiscriminate shelling and daily airstrikes. Since the clashes started, five ambulances were hit by shrapnel of shelling and airstrikes.
For civilians trapped by frontline fighting, including urban refugees and migrants, access to food is becoming a greater challenge. In many areas, markets are closed due to fighting and civilians are unable to travel safely to purchase food. Even in areas where markets remain in operation, prices of fresh vegetables and cooking oil have increased, as well as the cost of gas for cooking.
Displacement Movement Tracking  ( DTM )  reported that 720 families  ( approximately 3,600 individuals )  were displaced on 09 10 April 2019, bringing the total number of displaced households since the onset of armed conflict to 1,615 families  ( approximately 8,075 individuals )
Conditions in Zintan are dire with refugees and migrants living in overcrowded areas without proper ventilation. UNHCR continues to advocate for the release or transfer to safer areas of 3,400 refugees and migrants held in detention centres located near conflict areas in and around Tripoli.
The telecommunications network has been disrupted for days. In some areas, houses and crops have been destroyed. People reliant on their farmland as their sole source of income are set to face major challenges ahead.
Due to water infrastructure damages and contamination there is a high risk of disease outbreak. An increased number of acute watery diarrhea cases were reported, mainly children. To date, 22 confirmed cases have been confirmed. Health and WASH sectors are working together to minimize the risk and respond.
Aside from the fact that IDPs were often more affected by a lack of transport due to living further from health facilities, different Libyan population groups did not report substantive differences in their ability to access healthcare, including a lack of medical supplies, medical staff, or money to pay for care.
Fighting is hampering movements while the volatile security situation means it is difficult to access refugees in conflict affected facilities, as well as to arrange their transportation to safer locations
The situation remains tense and created panic and anxiety among civilians. Displacement of families has been confirmed but there is no actual figure. The Displacement Tracking Matrix  ( DTM )  reported a preliminary figure of 240 families.
The volatility of the security situation, with shelling and armed clashes, continues to threaten the lives of civilians and first responders, obstructing humanitarian access and emergency response, while also burdening the overloaded and weakened health system with supply chain breaks.
A no fly zone was imposed on Tripoli airport which restricts the regular movement of civilians as well as aid workers. There is no positive sign of ceasing clashes; parties to the conflict are far from reaching an agreement. The persistence of the conflict with the concentration of armed clashes around residential areas is obstructing smooth humanitarian response.
As of 7 June, 2,725 refugees and migrants were disembarked in Libya in 2019. During the week, 375 refugees and migrants were disembarked in Al Khums  ( 156 individuals ) , Azzawya  ( 110 individuals )  and Tripoli  ( 100 individuals ) . On 2 May, 71 refugees and migrants were rescued near Garabulli following a shipwreck. During this event at least 22 individuals went missing. Last month, 1,224 refugees and migrants were disembarked in Libya.
146 refugees were evacuated today from Libya to Italy in a joint operation between UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, and Italian and Libyan authorities. Italy is the first country to have stepped forward to receive evacuees from Libya since the recent violence began. The evacuation was carried out in collaboration with the Libyan Ministry of Interior.
Most IDP families have been identified in different neighborhoods and suburbs of Tripoli, as well as in the areas along the coastal line of western Libya and the Nafusa mountains. IDPs displaced to areas in proximity to the reported sites of ongoing clashes remain at risk, along with host community members currently providing them with shelter.
On April 6, 2019 armed clashes intensified in the outskirt of Tripoli following the advancement of Libyan National Army  ( LNA )  that led to the flare up of clashes on April 05. The clashes concentrated on Ash Shaheira, Al Aziziyah, Ar Rabita, Souq As Sabt, Wadi Ar Rabei, Al Kasarat and Tajoura and Gharyan. Two airstrikes were reported on July 06 in Gharyan.
The volatility of the complex situation with the constant shelling is prompting serious threats on the lives of civilians and access of humanitarian workers. A member of field hospital teams was killed on July 06 during the field ambulance services to evacuate families.
Over the last few days, Ghat experienced floods caused by heavy rains. This has resulted in the death of four individuals and displacement of 2,500 civilians. UNHCR, through its partner LibAid, is now planning a distribution of blankets, solar lamps, kitchen sets, mattresses, tents, plastic sheets and water to support over 2,000 IDPs.
As of 6 May 2019, a total of 57,471 asylum seekers and refugees are registered with UNHCR in Libya. A total of 4,643 individuals have been identified by UNHCR and its partners to be currently in one of the accessible Libyan detention centres.
Between 5,000 and 6,000 refugees and migrants are being held arbitrarily in Libya's detention centres, nominally under the authority of the Tripoli based Ministry of Interior.
Many have been forced to move in with relatives, while others are sheltering in makeshift sites, such as schools and other community structures. Rising floodwaters have caused severe material damage. Several main roads are blocked and damaged. Ghat's only hospital has been flooded.
More than 2,500 Libyans have been forced to flee their homes after heavy rainfalls caused severe flooding in the town of Ghat, some 1,300 km south west of Tripoli. The rains, which started on 28 May, have already claimed the lives of four people, while thirty more are injured. UNHCR, the UN refugee agency, is rushing aid to the area.
Acute food shortages persist in detention centres  ( DCs )  exposed to or at risk of armed conflict, where more than 3,300 refugees and migrants remain trapped, since regular food provision by local authorities has been disrupted due to fighting.
DTM conducted a rapid profiling exercise of displaced families, covering over 6,000 IDPs. A slight majority of sampled IDPs were female  ( 51% ) , while almost half of the surveyed population were children under the age of 18  ( 48% ) .
Ninety six people were yesterday relocated to safety from the Zintan detention centre in Libya's Tripoli to a Gathering and Departure Facility. The group were from Somalia, Eritrea and Ethiopia, and included two newborn babies.
By one estimate, some 3,800 migrants and refugees are held in government run detention centres in Tripoli and elsewhere in Libya in what human rights groups and the U.N. say are often inhuman conditions.
Their situation has become even more perilous in recent months with the conflict between the Libyan Government of National Accord  ( GNA )  and the Libyan National Army  ( LNA ) , which started in early April.
“The escalation of attacks in residential areas, including the use of artillery, rockets and airstrikes is deeply worrying. Thousands of children, women and men's lives are at risk,' Bachelet said, noting that while 22 civilian deaths and 74 injured civilians have been documented, the actual number is likely to be higher.
Migrants and refugees including children remain trapped in the detention centres close to the conflict lines and are in serious need of food, water, health care and protection services. According to reports, the situation in the detention centres which are accommodating migrants moved from the conflict affected centres are worsening, resulting in appalling living conditions. On 03 June UNHCR succeeded in evacuating over 100 detainees from the Zintan Detention centre to their Gathering and Departure Facility in Tripoli.
In terms of IDPs returning to their places of origin, the majority  ( 51% )  of returning IDPs  ( returnees )  were identified in the East Libya, followed by 42% in the west while the remaining 7% were identified to have returned to their places of origin in the South. Benghazi had the highest number of returnees  ( 189,175 individuals ) , followed by Sirt with 77,210 individuals identified as returnees
An unconfirmed number of civilians remain trapped in conflict areas, where electricity cuts and water shortages resulting from damaged infrastructure are common and access to essential items such as food, medicine and fuel is severely disrupted. Armed clashes, random shelling, roadblocks and explosives placed on roads hamper the ability of humanitarian actors to evacuate civilians and to deliver needed aid, as well as the ability of civilians to move freely to safer areas or access vital goods and services.
As of 23 April 2019, a total of 58,273 asylum seekers and refugees are registered with UNHCR in Libya. A total of 4,643 individuals have been identified by UNHCR and its partners to be currently in one of the accessible Libyan detention centres.
Armed men raided the Qasr Ben Ghashir detention centre, south of Tripoli on 23 April and shot a number of the people being held there. According to the UN Refugee Agency  ( UNHCR )  at least 12 people were hospitalized as a result of their injuries.
Since the onset of armed conflict in the southern areas of Tripoli on 4 April 2019, the number of people affected has significantly increased, with at least 7,780 families  ( approximately 38,900 individuals )  displaced from their homes.
As of 27 May 2019, a total of 57,147 asylum seekers and refugees are registered with UNHCR in Libya. A total of 4,178 individuals have been identified by UNHCR and its partners to be currently in one of the accessible Libyan detention centres.
Power outages are common in areas where clashes are taking place. Tripoli's basic services and infrastructure, such as hospitals and water pumping stations, which have already suffered from violence over the past eight years, are being weakened further.
Emergency Telecommunication Sector has highlighted that mobile networks have remained largely operational in and around Tripoli, with a few sites down in the south of Ain Zara area. Increasing disruption to electricity in conflict affected areas, due to damages to infrastructure, has the potential to leave areas cut off from the mobile network. When the electricity supply is cut, mobile coverage will generally survive for up to eight hours before the tower runs out of battery power, after which localized outages occur.
In addition, around 3,332 migrants remain in detention centers in conflict affected areas, and are among the most vulnerable populations at risk. Furthermore, there is a significant population of urban migrants also present in the affected areas. Urban migrants in the context of the ongoing conflict also constitute a particularly vulnerable group and their protection remains a concern.
According to protection partners, armed actors and security institutions have restricted freedom of movement and increased security check toward the civilian population. Individuals, including IDPs, originally from the east have been particularly targeted due to perceived risk of military involvement or political affiliation.
Since the start of the evacuation operation from Libya in late 2017, a total of 3,466 persons  ( including unaccompanied children )  have been evacuated to Niger  ( 2,782 ) , Italy  ( 415 )  and the ETC Romania  ( 269 ) . There are 179 evacuated unaccompanied children remaining in Niger.
The food items that were most affected by the conflict, such as tomatoes, peppers and potatoes are now in season, adding to the rapid reduction in price compared to previous months.
Since the onset of the clashes, UNHCR has transferred over 1,200 vulnerable refugees from detention centres to the Gathering and Departure Facility  ( GDF )  and exceptionally to Azzawya detention centre. An estimated 3,332 refugees and migrants remain in detention centres in the proximity of clashes.
Emergency service providers are unable to reach people in need because of the ongoing clashes, indiscriminate use of weapons, and targeted attacks on aid workers. In some conflict affected areas, relief workers have been denied access to people in need by armed groups.
There are 52,900 refugees and asylum seekers registered with UNHCR in Libya.
About a week into the eruption of clashes in Tripoli, local teams responsible for the evacuation of civilians from conflict affected areas have received requests for the relocation of some 580 families  ( around 2,900 individuals )  to comparatively safer areas. However, due to access restrictions, hostilities and indiscriminate targeting of first responders, the teams have only been able to respond to 10 per cent of all requests, evacuating just 58 families.
Emergency service providers are conducting life saving interventions amidst ongoing hostilities at great personal risk, with reports of three doctors having been killed, four first responders having been injured, and one ambulance driver having been kidnapped. Members of the evacuation teams have issued an urgent call for a provision of bullet proof vests and helmets to protect their staff from harm whilst on duty.
REACH said in a report that there are restrictions on freedom of movement in Derna, saying that most of the displaced people had used their own resources to find adequate places to stay in.