niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Ruling kingdoms here included the Kediri and Singhasari. It was briefly occupied by the Mongols from 1292 to 1293, but the earliest known rulers at this site were known as the Sailendra. Islam was first introduced by the Wali Sanga, and its rulers of that faith included the Demak dynasty, which was founded by a citizen of the once-Hindu state of Majapahit. The most powerful state founded at this location was called Mataram and was eventually divided into Surakarta and Jogjakarta. FTP, name this island where Jan Coen established Batavia as the headquarters of the Dutch East India Company, which is now a part of Indonesia.
Output: Social Science
One section of this work concludes with the exhortation to "wake," because "when the journey's over, there'll be time enough to sleep. " Another work in this collection discusses how "the Nile spills his overflow / Beside the Severn's Dead" and claims "Fifty years to-night / that God saved the Queen". Another poem in this collection is set "by brooks too broad for leaping  in fields where roses fade". One speaker in this work declares "silence sounds no worse than cheers / after earth has stopped the ears". Containing "With Rue My Heart is Laden", it also contains a work that claims "Early though the laurel grows / it withers quicker than the rose". For 10 points, name this poetry collection that contains "To an Athlete Dying Young", written by A.E. Housman.
Output: Literature
One genus of these organisms is Aspergillus. One type of these organisms called ""fairy rings"" possess cells with more than one nucleus, called coenocytes, while these organisms more typically divided by septa into different sections of cells called hyphae. These hyphae in turn create a connected network called a mycelium. Often reproducing through spore dispersal are, for 10 points, what kingdom of organisms exemplified by mushrooms
Output: Social Science
One of the "Golden Rules" for operational amplifiers states that this quantity is the same at both inputs of an op-amp. Norton's Theorem states that some electrical circuits can be simplified to a resistor and a source of this in parallel. Kirchhoff's Node Rule states that the sum of this quantity entering and leaving a junction must equal(*) zero. Maxwell names a correction factor for the displacement type of this quantity in Ampere's Law. For 10 points, name this quantity equal to voltage divided by resistance in Ohm's Law, symbolized I, and measured in amps.
Output: Science
The Julia reaction can form one type of these compounds, which can also be produced via dehydrohalogenation in the E2 reaction. The atoms forming their functional group are sp 2 hybridized, and these compounds can be hydrogenated to form saturated compounds in the presence of Raneys catalyst. The E-Z system is used to denote the substituents on these functional groups which can exhibit cis-trans isomerism. For 10 points, identify these organic compounds with carbon-carbon double bonds, whose simplest example is ethylene.
Output: Science
Operation Musketeer was launched against this man, who denounced the Baghdad Pact, also known as CENTO. He sent a military force to aid the Republicans in the North Yemen Civil War. With Syria, he founded a short-lived United Arab Republic, and he imprisoned Sayyed Qutb, the leader of the Muslim Brotherhood. Earlier, as leader of the Free Officers Movement, he had overthrown King Farouk. This man built the Aswan High Dam, and he attempted to take the Suez Canal back from the British. For 10 points name this man who led his country during the Six-Day War and founded modern Egypt.
Output: History
This man willed one of his paintings to the National Gallery on the condition that it be hung next to Claude Lorraine's Embarkation with the Queen of Sheba; that painting depicts the tomb of Sychaeus on the right while an armored Aeneas faces away from the title character. This man names a prize given to such artists as Chris Ofili that is annually protested by the Stuckists. Another painting by this artist of Dido Building Carthage is dominated by a black (*) cloud curling around the sun and depicts the Salassians fighting a rearguard action while the title figure's elephants move into the distance. Another of his paintings depicts a small boat to the left of the Maidenhead Bridge, on which a rabbit is outpacing a black train. For 10 points, identify this British landscapist who painted Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps and Rain, Steam, and Speed.
Output: Fine Arts
One of this figure's consorts was Otrera, the daughter of the east wind Eurus. He rescued his daughter Alcippe by killing her would-be rapist Hallirhothius. He was wounded after attempting to avenge the death of one of his sons, who had been killed while trying to add Heracles to his temple of skulls. During the Gigantomachy, this father of the Macedonian Cycnus was imprisoned in a bronze jar by Otus and Ephialtes. Another of his children was the Ismenian dragon slain by Cadmus during the founding of Thebes; Cadmus later propitiated this god by marrying his daughter Harmonia. He turned Alectryon into a rooster after the youth's sleepiness led to Helios discovering this god's affair with Aphrodite. Phobos and Deimos accompanied this son of Zeus and Hera into battle. For 10 points, name this Greek god of war.
Output: Social Science
Franz Boas used the example of the Kwakiutl to argue that this mans theory of matrilineal to patrilineal movement was flawed. In a work that included the sections Growth of Intelligence and Growth of Idea and Government, he added four more levels to an idea of Montesquieus, and he also wrote The American Beaver and His Works. His joint work with Ely S. Parker among the Tonawanda Seneca led to The League of the Iroquois, and in his most famous work, he posited savagery, barbarism, and civilization as three stages of societal evolution. FTP, name this anthropologist and author of Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity and Ancient Society.
Output: Social Science
In an early scene in this work, the protagonist recounts an affair he had with Monique, a prostitute, and that protagonist later writes down the license plate number of a car that he suspects is following him. One character in this work plays a farmer's daughter in The Enchanted Hunters, a play which shares its name with a hotel. That character is abducted from a hospital by the(*) playwright Clare Quilty, whom the narrator later tracks down and kills. For 10 points, identify this novel in which Humbert Humbert lusts after the underaged "nymphet" Dolores Haze, written by Vladimir Nabokov.
Output: Literature
The twelfth section of this work quotes a French song about departing for Syria, "Una Voce [VOH-chay]   Poco Fa" from Rossini's Barber of Seville, and "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star". This piece's finale quotes  Tchaikovsky's Dance of the Little Swans. A section in this piece in which the glass harmonica is used   to make water sounds is followed by a section in which violins make donkey sounds. Xylophones are  used in this piece to re-create some of the sounds of its composer's earlier Danse Macabre. Name this  suite featuring sections such as "Fossils" and "Aquarium", a work by Camille Saint-Saens [san-sawn].
Output: Fine Arts
In this composer's first opera, Arindal gains immortality with Ada. In addition to The Fairies, this man wrote an opera in which the title character rejects the Venusberg and the Pope's staff sprouts leaves; that opera is Tannhauser. Walther performs the "Prize Song" to gain entry in to the title guild in this composer's The (*) Mastersingers of Nuremberg, and this man frequently used the leitmotif. In one of his operas, the Liebestod aria is sung by Isolde over Tristan's dead body, and in another, Brunnhilde appears with the title group after the "Ride of the Valkyries." For 10 points, The Rheingold is the first opera in what German composer's Ring Cycle
Output: Fine Arts
This council debated Jean Petits defense of tyrannicide, specifically considering the case of noted Pole-hater Johann von Falkenberg. At this council, Paulus Vladimiri condemned the conversion by the sword tactics of the Teutonic Knights. This council issued the decree Sacrosancta to controversially declare their superiority to the pope. It deposed Baldassare Cossa, also known as antipope John XXIII. It was here that Pope Gregory XII helped elect Oddone Colonna as his own replacement. It was called by Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, and it was a follow-up to the Council of Pisa. This council appointed Pope Martin V, condemned the teachings of John Wycliffe, and led to the burning of Jan Hus. For 10 points, name this 1414 to 1418 ecumenical council that ended the Western Schism.
Output: History
The speaker of this work notes that the truly fair shun politics, and that God doesnt permit worse men to harm better ones. This work posits that its speaker isnt a skillful orator, unless skill and truth are the same thing. The speaker claims to have a good character based on his refusal to bring in Leon for execution, and for serving in the military during the battles of Potidaea and Amphipolis. This work pins heretical astronomical beliefs on Anaxagorus during its speaker confrontation and interrogation of his accuser Meletus. For 10 points, name this work in which Socrates fails to defend himself against charges of atheism and corrupting the youth of Athens.
Output: Literature
Made a Shinto deity after his death and given the title Hokoku, his beginnings were far humbler as a son of a poor foot soldier. Despite these origins, he banned social mobility when he rose to power, prohibiting the carrying of weapons by civilians. On the international front, he is known for his 2 reckless invasions of Korea as he sought Japanese hegemony over all of Asia, a dream that was passed on to him by his old lord, Oda Nobunaga. However, this dream died with him in 1598. FTP, name this man who managed to temporarily unite Japan until the coming of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Output: History
This symphony features an oboe melody set against a round in its fourth movement, which is cited in Adornos Physiognomik as the first example of its composers namesake counterpoint. The Landler country dance is the basis for this works second movement, which opens with a cuckoos song played as an interval of a fourth as opposed to the usual interval of a third. Its composer described its finale as the cry of a wounded heart and requested that its seven horns stand up at its end, while its Blumine movement is often omitted. Its third movement, a funeral march, is based on the themes from Frere Jacques. Parts of the first and third movements draw from its composers Songs of a Wayfarer. For 10 points, which D-major musical work, the first by Gustav Mahler
Output: Fine Arts
In his inaugural address, this man noted that "the great scheme of our constitutional liberty rests upon a proper distribution of power between the State and Federal authorities. " He made Caleb Cushing his attorney general, and appointed only one Supreme Court Justice, John Campbell. His administration's foreign policy mistakes included recognizing William Walker's filibuster government in Nicaragua as well as having his Secretary of State William Marcy wind up on the receiving end of the Ostend Manifesto. This man's nomination was the result of deadlock between Lewis Cass, Stephen Douglas, and James Buchanan, and his cabinet included Jefferson Davis as Secretary of War. For ten points, identify this man, nicknamed "Young Hickory" for his ardent Jacksonianism, a Democrat who was elected President in 1852.
Output: History
Although only 20,000 Americans died during this conflict, over 100,000 died in the ensuing Bolo War. Origins of this war included outrage over General Weylers creation of concentration camps and the outrage over the De Lme Letter. In the end, the Treaty of Paris ended the war, giving payments to the European belligerent but giving America Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. FTP; name this war which began in the McKinley Administration after the sinking of the USS Maine.
Output: History
A reagent with two atoms of this element and two of chlorine appears in the Herz reaction, used in dye chemistry. Aryl ketones give amides using an ammonium salt of this element in a reaction whose Kindler modification uses morpholine and its elemental form and which is named for Willgerodt. One method of hydrogen production is a cycle named for this element and iodine. Catalysts with an aromatic ring that includes nitrogen and this heteroatom permits aliphatic aldehydes to undergo a condensation reaction analogous to the benzoin condensation; another example of umpolung is employing the formation of an acetal analogue that includes this element. Bonds between two atoms of this element are cleaved in a reaction named for Zincke. The pseudohalide tosylate is an acid of this element that includes a toluene group. Ylides containing this element are used to form epoxides in the Corey-Chaykovsky reaction. An acid containing this element is synthesized in the contact process. Another functional group containing this element is found in cysteine and was once called mercaptan. For 10 points, name this element in the same group as oxygen with a terrible smell.
Output: Science
This work features sections entitled "The Attitude Towards Personality," "Maturity and Old Age," and "Education for Choice," and uses people like Lola, Fala, Mala, and Siva as examples. Its 68 test subjects lived in three villages on the lee side of the island of Tau, and were all between the ages of about 9 and 20. Based on eight months living in the namesake locale, the author concluded that social and cultural structures play a large role in adolescent development. FTP, name this book, the best-known work of Margaret Mead.
Output: Social Science
His birthplace is a landmark in the Pyrenean city of Pau, and his statue on the Pont Neuf was the first royal statue to be rebuilt after their destruction in the French revolution. As King, he financed the North American expeditions of Pierre Dugua and Sieur de Monts, oversaw the construction of the Pont Neuf and the Place Royale in Paris, and worked with Sully to regularize state finance and encourage education. FTP, name this first Bourbon king of France, the issuer of the Edict of Nantes, who claimed that "Paris is well worth a mass" after converting to Catholicism.
Output: History
He spoke of the "Champak odours" that fail "like sweet thoughts in a dream" and experimented with an Orientalist theme in the love poem "The Indian Serenade. "  He wrote of the life of the man who is bound by the titular "Spirit" to "fear himself , and love all humankind" in his "Hymn to Intellectual Beauty. "  The "old, mad, blind, despised, and dying" king symbolizes the times in his "England in 1819" and he employs terza rima to praise the titular weather phenomenon in his "Ode to the West Wind. "  FTP, name this poet who also refers to a "Blithe Spirit" and a traveler from an "antique land" in his "To a Skylark" and "Ozymandias. "
Output: Literature
Together with a Dutchman, this man is the namesake of the reverse of the Barnett effect, and he is also the namesake of a relation that states the diffusion coefficients of ions are proportional to temperature. Together with an Indian scientist, he is the namesake of a type of matter whose behavior is governed by the GrossPitaevskii equation, and a statistics for determining the distribution of bosons. He won the Nobel Prize for the law of the photoelectric effect, which he discovered in his spare time while working in the Swiss patent office. FTP name this scientist who formulated the theory of relativity and proposed that E equals mc squared.
Output: Science
In one this artists lesser known works, a furry brown creature wanders around on one of the title objects, and in the foreground, a wagon wheel and axel sit without the wagon. In addition to The Icebergs, this artist also painted a landscape in which the sun is shining directly into the eyes of the viewer, illuminating the central river to reveal a flock of birds and a bunch of tropical trees. In one of his better known works, this artist portrays a sunset above a river, with trees to the right and purple mountains in the distant background, a skill he may have learned from his teacher, Thomas Cole. For ten points, identify this Hudson River School painter who liked to paint gigantic canvasses, and whose works include Twilight in the Wilderness and a famous representation of Niagara Falls.
Output: Fine Arts
At one point during this work, one of the title figures delivers a monologue in which he laments that hes "not old enough to do without women, and not young enough to go and look for one without shame. " In the second act, one figure acts out the real life incident in which her father attempted to hire her as a prostitute for Madame Pace, and the two younger children will say nothing as long as another character is not present. As this work opens, the titular figures are preparing to rehearse the play Mixing It Up, and it ends with The Boy's suicide while The Manager concludes, "Pretence Reality To hell with it all!... I've lost a whole day over these people. " FTP, identify this play about dramatic creations that demand a creator, written by Luigi Pirandello.
Output: Literature
A variation of this process in prokaryotes includes the enzymes lactonohyrolase and NADP+ oxoreductase and is named for Entner and Duodoroff. The rapid acceleration of this process by M2-PK in cancer cells is known as the Warburg effect, while one product of this pathway is moved into a downstream process via the malate-aspartate shuttle. One enzyme is this pathway is regulated by both a liver promoter and a neuroendocrine promoter that control the transcription of two different isoforms, while another one is inhibited allosterically by alanine and ATP, and is responsible for transforming phosphenolpyruate to pyruvate, which is the final molecule of this pathway. Divided into an "investment" and "payoff" phase, this process creates a net total of 2ATP. FTP, name this pathway that contains pyruvate kinase, glucokinase, and phosphofructokinase-1, and is responsible for splitting a glucose molecule. 
Output: Science
Though his elaborate attempt at breeding civet cats for profit failed miserably, his interest in economic improvement can be seen in early works like An Essay Upon Projects. His column the "Scandal Club" appeared in the newspaper he founded, The Review, at around the same time that he worked on stories like The Apparition of One Mrs. Veal. His mock-Pindaric ode Hymn to the Pillory was composed after he was imprisoned for the first time in response to his pamphlet The Shortest Way with Dissenters. But he didn't publish his best-known works until he was sixty; this included novels like Duncan Campbell, Captain Singleton, and A Journal of the Plague Year. FTP identify this sometime spy whose most famous works include Roxana, Moll Flanders, and Robinson Crusoe.
Output: Literature
Chandara takes the blame for her brother-in-law's killing of his wife in this author's story "Punishment. " In addition to Formless Jewel, this author wrote a work in which the title character, who wears the title plant, challenges the king of the Fortress of Kubera, while Nikhil's wife Bimala is the middle of a love triangle in his novel The Home and the World. This author of the play Red Oleanders and the collection Wild Geese also penned the line "what had gone: the golden boat took all" in another collection, while Yeats wrote the preface to his most famous work, which contains 103 poems. FTP, identify this Bengali author of the collection Gitanjali, or Song Offerings. 
Output: Literature
wrote about two brothers named Morris and Zachariah in The Blood Knot and his Sizwe Banzi is Dead opens with a forty-five minute monologue. For 15 points, name this South African author probably best known for Master Harold and the Boys.
Output: Social Science
This author created the vainglorious Aristabalus Bragg in a work about the Effingham family's return to New York, Home as Found. He described the romance of Lucy Hardinge in Afloat and Ashore, a story that would be continued in Miles Wallingford. He wrote of monkeys traveling in Europe and set another work in 16th Century Bavaria. In addition to The Monikins and The Heidenmauer, he wrote about politics in A Letter to his Countrymen and The American Democrat, while his trilogy about the Anti-Rent War included the novel The Chainbearer. Characters created by this man include Harvey Birch, in a story of Revolutionary War intrigue, as well as Judith Hutter, who appears in a series of novels that also features Cora Munro, the evil Magua, and the noble Uncas. For 10 points, identify this author of The Spy who chronicled the adventures of Natty Bumppo in the Leather-Stocking Tales.
Output: History
He notes that prairie dogs give three hurrahs all unstingingly as to the moon in Great Western Plains, contemplates an opera production in Carmen de Boheme, and compares a musician to Aesop in Black Tambourine. In another of his works the speaker reflects on keeping ones good humor in times of despair. That piece, Chaplinesque, along with such titles as Voyages and At Melvilles Tomb can be found in his first collection of poetry White Buildings, which was published four years before his greatest work: an epic divided into such sections as Powhatans Daughter and Cutty Sark. For ten points, identify this American poet best known for his poem The Bridge.
Output: Literature
In one work, this philosopher rejected an earlier thinker's conception of "anticipation of nature" in favor of an "interpretation of nature" based on observation. He invented an ideal university called Salomon's House in a work set on the fictional island of Bensalem. He labeled the false notions we learn through received definitions of words as the "Idols of the Market," which appear alongside the Idols of the Tribe, Cave, and the Theatre in a work that attempts to replace Aristotelian syllogism with eliminative induction. For 10 points, name this 17th-century English author of The New Atlantis and Novum Organum, who contributed to the birth of the Scientific Revolution.
Output: Social Science
In one work, this philosopher wrote about a man who questions the title character, who is on his way to charge his own father with murder. This philosopher wrote about a Pythagorean astronomer in Timaeus. This thinker used the allegory of prisoners watching shadows on the wall of a cave in one work. This man advanced his theory of forms in a work that describes the last teachings of Socrates entitled Phaedo. For 10 points, name this Greek philosopher who wrote The Republic, the founder of the Academy and teacher of Aristotle.
Output: Social Science
This poet states that ""Life is real! Life is earnest! "" in his poem ""A Psalm of Life. "" He wrote ""The Jewish Cemetery at Newport,"" and his poetry collections include Voices of the Night and Tales of a Wayside Inn. In another of his poems, John Alden loves Priscilla, but his friend, the title character, is also in love with her. That poem, ""The Courtship of Miles Standish,"" was written after his poem about Minnehaha (MIN-ee-HA-ha), who lives near Gitche Gumee along with her husband Hiawatha. For 10 points, name this poet of Evangeline and ""Paul Revere's Ride. ""
Output: Literature
The Sellmeier equation relates it to wavelength for each absorption resonance, taking into account the dispersive effects of the medium. It can be defined for the group velocity as well, but is usually defined for the phase velocity so as to keep track with the actual motion of the medium itself. Negative values have recently been found as a result of exotic metamaterials, and the value itself is commonly expressed as the geometric mean of the permittivity and permeability of the medium. For 10 points, name this constant which describes how the speed of light is affected by a medium.
Output: Science
This writer built upon work by John Grote and William James in distinguishing between "knowledge by acquaintance" and "knowledge by description". He also developed James' idea that the basic building block of everything was neither mind nor matter, his theory of neutral monism. In one of his works, he explained why he did not believe in God and immortality and did not believe Christ was the the best and wisest of men, and he also compared belief in God to belief in a celestial teapot. This thinker developed type theory to resolve a problem with Gottlob Frege's set theory, which he found to allow his paradox of the set of all sets that are not members of themselves. Name this author of Why I Am Not a Christian who worked with Alfred North Whitehead on Principia Mathematica.
Output: Social Science
The speaker of this poem asserts that Yet all experience is an arch wherethrough Gleams that untravelled world, before he notes the dullness of rusting unburnished, not to shine in use! The speaker of this poem also describes his subjects as a rugged people, and asserts that his son, through soft degrees, can Subdue them to the useful and the good. This poem notes that It may be we shall touch the Happy Isles/And see the great Achilles. At the end of this poem, the title character declares that he is made weak by time and fate, but strong in will, and resolves to strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield. For ten points, identify this poem about the hero of the Odyssey, a work by Alfred, Lord Tennyson.
Output: Literature
This man sent Henry Shelton Sanford to lobby Congress and his father invested in a failed settlement at Santo Tomas de Castilla. This brother of Empress Carlota was made Duke of Brabant at the age of nine. After the death of his wife, this man married his mistress Caroline Lacroix and survived an assassination attempt by the Italian anarchist Gennaro Rubino. One of this ruler's lieutenants led the Emin Pasha Expedition, and in 1889 this ruler outlined a plan to defeat Arab slavers through development. Mark Twain and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle notably criticized this man's resulting project, which relied on the brutal Force Publique. The Casement Report detailed the horrors inflicted on workers who failed to meet rubber quotas for this ruler, who sent Henry Morton Stanley to Africa. For 10 points, name this King of Belgium from 1865 to 1909 and ruler of the Congo Free State.
Output: History
quantum version of this quantity is equal to electron charge squared times the density of states at the Fermi energy and is used to describe two dimensional electron gases. For a concentric sphere with opposing charges on the spheres, this quantity is derived by first using Gauss's law to find the Electric Field between the spheres. Eventually, that method gives a value of 4 pi times the product of the two radii divided by the difference of those two radii for the concentric sphere. In (*) series, it is calculated as the harmonic sum of the individual values of this quantity, while in parallel, this quantity is additive. It is often calculated by dividing charge by voltage. For 10 points, name this quantity measured in farads, defined as the ability to store electrical charge.
Output: Science
He negotiated for one of his sons to marry the Byzantine princess Theophano, and he divided Mecklenburg between two margravates. At the behest of Pope John XII, he invaded Italy and deposed Adalbert, after which he was crowned in St. Peter's. He had earlier thwarted Berengar, the king of Burgundy, by venturing into Italy a year before his coronation and marrying Adelaide, though he was drawn back to his homeland to put down a revolt by the Duke of Lotharingia, Conrad. His chronicler, Thetimar, claimed this man would rather "die than tolerate [the] evil" of the Magyars, whom he defeated in 955 at Lechfeld. FTP, name this son of Matilda and Henry the Fowler, the first Saxon ruler of the Holy Roman Empire.
Output: History
Asterisms in rubies and star sapphires are caused by inclusions of this element, and a compound containing this metal is used in the original version of the Mukaiyama aldol condensation. This metal isopropoxide derivative is used in the Sharpless epoxidation, and one method of extracting this metal creates two equivalents of MgCl2 as a by-product, known as the Kroll process. This metal is usually extracted from illmatitte or rutile, and its tetrachloride is used as a common Lewis acid, while its nitride is used as a cover for drill bits. For 10 points, name this lightweight durable metal found in spacecraft, planes, missles, and most modern technology, with atomic number 22 and symbol Ti.
Output: Science
This characters wife and seven sons were burned alive in Gath, a fact that he reveals to a pious Friar who turns out to be a former groom of Wolf von Filnek. He impresses the Dervish Al-Hafi and the Templar Curt von Stauffen with his enlightened views, and raises his foster daughter Recha in no specific religion. Al-Hafi says of him that he has brains, knows how to live, and plays good chess, a description that refers to Moses Mendelssohn. He responds to a dangerous question from Saladin by telling the parable of the three rings. FTP name this title character of a play written by Gotthold Lessing, a really tolerant Jew known as the Wise.
Output: Literature
The protagonist of his most famous comedy, based on an episode from Juan Ruiz de Alarcn's Truth Suspected, claims that he can't share the recipe for a certain medicine because it is in Hebrew. That protagonist confides in his valet Cliton and eventually declares his love for Lucrece in The Liar. The title character of another play is a Roman soldier at war with Alba, where his wife Sabine is from, and another play, subtitled "The Mercy of Augustus," is titled after the grandson of Pompey. In addition to Horace and Cinna, he wrote a play in which Chimne loves the title character, Rodrigue, who earns his nickname while fighting for the Castilians against the Moors. For 10 points, identify this French playwright of Le Cid.
Output: Literature
This mans Stabat Mater ends with a Paradisi Gloria performed by the whole choir featuring very few breaks and no division of voice parts, unlike the piece by Lassus which it is often compared with. Like Thomas Tallis, he produced some Lamentations of Jeremiah the Prophet, though he resigned afterwards in protest of the way choirboys were fed. His Mottetorum liber secundus includes motets by his brother and two sons, two of his 250 motets, an early book of which was dedicated to Pope Julius III and resulted in his admittance to the Cappella Sistina. His most famous work, for six voices, demonstrated that the mass could be intelligible in the context of polyphony and was submitted to the Council of Trent. FTP, name this 16th century composer of the Roman School, best known for his Pope Marcellus Mass.
Output: Fine Arts
His first symphony ends with a passacaglia and despite its odd title is actually composed of four movements. One of this man's works, which was originally called The Serpent Heart, features a Parodos that introduces the characters and includes a notable "Dance of Vengeance. " Another of this man's pieces opens with a flute solo before other themes, including one for brasses, begin; it is the second of two Essays for Orchestra. He was inspired by Prometheus Unbound in creating his Music for a Scene from Shelley and looked to Sheridan to compose the Overture to the School for Scandal. Another work by this composer of the Capricorn Concerto originated as the slow movement of a Quartet in B minor and was first performed by Toscanini in 1938. For 10 points, identify this composer of Vanessa and the Adagio for Strings.
Output: Fine Arts
In "Getting Down Off the Beanstalk," Susan McClary claims that the first movement of this piece represents the "murderous rage of a rapist incapable of attaining release. " Trombones first appear in a D major trio in its "Scherzo" second movement, which includes the unique use of timpani playing Ritmo di tre battute. This work features a solo for the fourth horn in its third movement, which takes place prior to the last movement, where the hymn-like theme passes from the cellos and basses to the vocalists. FTP, name this D minor symphony, whose fourth movement sets to music Schiller's "Ode to Joy," which was the last symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven.
Output: Fine Arts
The antagonist of this novel has a maid named Kitty who falls in love with the hero. The protagonist of this novel uses his servant Planchet to get a letter to the Duke of Buckingham. The protagonist of this novel rides an old yellow horse into town before getting himself into three consecutive duels on his first day. That hero of this novel falls in love with Constance Bonacieux and is antagonized by Milady de Winter. For 10 points, name this novel in which Athos, Porthos, and Aramis assist d'Artagnan in foiling Cardinal Richelieu, a work of Alexandre Dumas.
Output: Literature
This mans wooden crucifix depicted the body of a peasant, not the body of Jesus Christ according to one contemporary, and this man agreed after witnessing the perfection of that contemporarys crucifix for Santa Maria Novella. His technique of schiacciato can be seen in such works as The Ascension, with Christ Giving the Keys to Peter and The Feast of Herod, while he may be better known for a bronze sculpture of a contrapposto figure holding a sword as well as a sculpture of Eramso da Narmi astride a horse. For 10 points, identify this Florentine sculptor of a bronze David as well as Gattamelata.
Output: Fine Arts
This man developed a spheron cluster model for the structure of the nucleus. This man's second rule, the electrostatic valence rule, appears in his rules determining the structure of complex ionic crystals; he also names a set of rules to determine the strength of oxoacids. He provided enormous insight into quantum chemistry in his influential textbook The Nature of the Chemical Bond, which also explained the nature of orbital hybridization. His proposal for the nature of DNA was a triple helix, and late in life he advocated for administering megadoses of Vitamin C to cure illness. Name this man, whose namesake electronegativity scale assigns fluorine a value of four.
Output: Science
Sections of this work discuss early Roman law and the Germanic wadium, while it begins with a quote from the Havamal, a portion of the Edda. This work extends the author's first work, a collaboration in which he analyzed analogous ideas in Hinduism and Judaism. Marilyn Strathern critiqued this book from a gender perspective, while Sahlins' article on the "The Spirit of [It]", claimed that its author may have misunderstood an idea called the hau, in which the souls of the people involved in the title ritual become intermingled. The author views the title concept as multivalentthat is, a situation where a single action stands for all of society, called a total prestation. Drawing from Malinowski's study of the kula ring and the institution of the potlatch, for 10 points, identify this sociological work about the titular exchange by Marcel Mauss.
Output: Social Science
The title character eventually marries the sister of William Walters in one work, while another title character goes to Virginia with his master and prospers from running a plantation in The History of Colonel Jacque. This author hailed a hieroglyphic state machine, contrived to punish fancy in, in his poem A Hymn to the Pillory, and a fable taken from Roger L'Estrange begins his pamphlet The Shortest Way with Dissenters. The narrator H.F. Narrates a work based on the events of 1655, A Journal of the Plague Year, and he wrote of a woman who accidentally marries her own brother and a man who spends 35 years away from home after being shipwrecked. FTP, identify this autor of Moll Flanders and Robinson Crusoe.
Output: Literature
This scientist conducted a study in which people watched Medical Center before deciding whether to donate money to charity or to steal it. He sent information packets to people in Omaha and Wichita, asking if they knew a person in Boston, an experiment which led him to formulate the "Six Degrees of Separation" hypothesis. This conductor of the "Small World" experiment paid an actor to pretend to be shocked as another person was told to increase the voltage. For 10 points, name this psychologist who conducted a namesake "Obedience to Authority" experiment.
Output: Social Science
One building in this city served as the headquarters for the Energy Corporation in Rollerball. A legend about the best-known church in this city states that a black footprint located in the church's foyer was where the devil stomped his foot after discovering that Jorg von Halsbach had built windows that were cleverly concealed by columns. This city's park Englischer Garten is in the style of Capability Brown. That best-known church in this city has twin towers topped with a cupolas modeled after the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, which tower over the city. This city is located on the Isar River. That used in Rollerball is the BMW Headquarters and Museum. That best- known church is the Frauenkirche and its central square is Marienplatz. Mein Kampf was written after the failed Beer Hall Putsch in this city. For 10 points, identify this Bavarian city that hosts Oktoberfest.
Output: History
This man's first cabinet post was as President of the Board of Trade, where he instituted his country's first minimum wage. Late in his life, he concentrated on writing a History of the English-Speaking Peoples. He was disgraced when he counseled his friend Edward VIII during the Abdication Crisis. This attendant of the Yalta Conference gave the "finest hour" speech. He replaced the signer of the Munich Pact, Neville Chamberlain, in his highest post, in which capacity he oversaw the Battle of Britain. For 10 points, name this Prime Minister of the UK during World War II.
Output: History
As a young man, he was so ill-behaved that his tutor Hirate Masahide committed seppuku. After allying with the neighboring Imagawa and Kira clans, his victory at the Battle of Ino secured mastery over his native Owari province. He became the protector of Yoshiaki, defeating the Rokkaku clan who supported his rival Yoshihide. He pioneered arquebus tactics while wiping out the Takeda at the Battle of Nagashino and revolutionized fortification with his Azuchi Castle, but his most masterful victory came at the Battle Okehazama. Treacherously beheaded by one of his generals, for ten points name this Sengoku warlord and first unifier of Japan.
Output: History
The notion was first heralded in the ethics of German philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach, who believed that it dissolved when human relations become close and communitarian. However, it was most famously adapted to describe a particular conception of dialogue that opposes both the religious goal of a mystical union with God and the idea of any impersonal or objective knowledge of God. For 10 points, what is this phrase used to describe the interpersonal dialogue between God and man in a 1922 work by Martin Buber
Output: Social Science
Richard Pollak wrote a critical biography of this thinker that attempted to expose him as a "charlatan." This man wrote about raising the mentally disturbed in Love Is Not Enough. This man discussed autonomy and technology in his The Informed Heart, which drew on his experiences in concentration (*) camps. This man talked about treating the title child, who acted like a robot, in "Joey: the Mechanical Boy," and this man introduced the theory of the "refrigerator mother" in his work on autism. He is more famous for a work where he analyzes things like "animal groom" stories and works of the Brothers Grimm. For 10 points, name this Austrian psychologist who discussed fairy tales in his The Uses of Enchantment.
Output: Social Science
The title character of this work at one point gives a speech about the legendary Dave Singleman, who inspired him in his profession. A climactic confrontation occurs at Frank Chop's House, where we are introduced to the suspected prostitutes Letta and Miss Forsythe. Other significant moments include the title character's hallucinated conversations with his elder brother Ben and the final scene of Act II in which he drives away to commit suicide to cash in on an insurance policy for his family. FTP, name this play about the failures of Biff, Happy, and Willy Loman, a work by Arthur Miller.
Output: Literature
This author wrote a play in which a woman dreams that she gives birth to a snake that bites at her breast, drawing both blood and milk. Another play by this author is set into motion when Eteocles refuses to step down as king, which prompts a group that includes Adrastus and Tydeus to invade the title city. This author wrote a trilogy in which the Furies are renamed "The Kindly Ones" after the title character is acquitted of his mother Clytemnestra's murder. For 10 points, name this ancient Greek playwright, the author of Seven Against Thebes and the Oresteia.
Output: Literature
She appeared to Celeus as an old woman named Doso, but Metanira foiled her attempts to make Celeus' son Triptolemus immortal. Euripedes' fate is discussed by a group of women attending this goddess's festival in an Aristophanes play, and another festival in her honor was held at Eleusis. Knidos made a well-known statue of this goddess, who can only spend two-thirds of the year with her daughter due to that daughter eating a pomegranate. For 10 points, name this Greek earth goddess, the sister and mother-in-law of Hades, and mother of Persephone.
Output: Social Science
This figure hid among King Onkios's horses before Poseidon discovered her and sired Despoina with her. She tried to make Demophon immortal, but was thwarted when his mother saw him burning. She turned Lyncus into a lynx after he tried to kill her priest Triptolemus. Along with her daughter, who ate several pomegranate seeds in the underworld, she is the focus of the Eleusinian Mysteries. Her daughter spends four months of each year with Hades, causing this goddess to bring winter. For 10 points, name this mother of Persephone, the Greek goddess of the harvest.
Output: Social Science
In one of this authors poem, the speaker thinks he sees "the angel there that holds the crown" claiming to "know thy glittering face. " That poem's speaker believes he will perish "to-night, a quarter before twelve. " In another poem, the speaker imagines a man as "lean as death" who rode across a "wither'd heath" and stops at a hotel addressing a "Wrinkled ostler, thin and grim," "bitter barmaid, waning fast" and "slipshod waiter lank and sour. " That poem begins with a man getting off a winged horse and going inside a palace with the child of sin, while that first poem is written in the style of Robert Browning and describes a (*) saint that had stayed on a column for three years. Another poem of his describes a figure who "knows not what the curse may be / and so she weaveth steadily," and describes an "island in the river flowing down to Camelot. " For 10 points, name this author that included images of "long fields of barley and rye" in his "The Lady of Shallot. "
Output: Literature
A futuristic version of this American city was the home of Rick Deckard in Philip K. Dick's novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep. Dave Eggers moves himself and two siblings from Illinois to this city in his somewhat exaggerated memoir, A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius. This city's namesake "Renaissance" included the poets Lew Welch and Philip Whalen, with author/teacher Kenneth Rexroth at the forefront. Those poets were joined by Gary Snyder at the famous 1956 reading at the Six Gallery in this city, at which Allan Ginsberg's "Howl" was first read. Also the setting of The Maltese Falcon and Lawrence Ferlinghetti's City Lights bookstore is, FTP, what California city featured in Randy Shilts's The Mayor of Castro Street, a biography of Harvey Milk, and Vikram Seth's The Golden Gate
Output: Literature
Po-nee-aku and Po-nee-mai were the parents of one of these in Hawaiian mythology. One of these creatures could only be placated by people who had donated bread to the poor, and dwelled near the giantess Modgud. Zeus petrified one of these creatures when it set out after the Teumessian Vixen, and Heracles killed one when it tried to defend its owner, a three-bodied giant. One of these creatures died happy upon recognizing Odysseus in disguise. Laelaps, Orthrus and Argos were all examples of, FTP, these animals also exemplified by such underworld guardians as the four-eyed Garm and the three-headed Cerberus.
Output: Social Science
Theophrastus wrote that this author's one completed work was a papyrus he left in the Temple of Artemis which criticized Anaximander for underestimating the role of injustice in men's lives. Diogenes Laertius wrote that his works were left unfinished because of melancholia, which caused him to be referred to as the "the weeping philosopher. " His is known for arguing that "everything is in a state of flux," and he established a term for the fundamental order of the cosmos: Logos. For 10 points, name this pre-Socratic thinker who thought all matter was made of fire and said something about not being able to step into the same river twice.
Output: Social Science
This country's city of Bellinzona is known for three castles that guarded the route into its Ticino region, and other castles in this country include one in the center of the town of Neuchatel and the Chillon Castle near a city that hosts a popular jazz festival, Montreaux. Tourists are attracted to this country by resorts in Verbier and (*) Zermatt as well as a castle that may have been designed by Leonardo da Vinci in Locarno and the covered Chapel Bridge in Lucerne. Its second most populous city of Basel is located on the Rhine, while the Jura Mountains rise above its city of Lausanne. For 10 points, name this country that is home to Zurich and Geneva.
Output: Social Science
His time teaching in New York inspired his lament of higher education, The University in Exile. Those later years were also devoted to the general problem of learning, resulting in the posthumous publication Productive Thinking. After a public debate with Jung over word association technique in 1906, he moved around Europe until a 1912 train ride prompted thoughts on illusory motion, which led to his formulation of the phi phenomenon. FTP, name this thinker who, along with Kurt Koffka and Wolfgang Kohler, founded the gestalt school of psychology.
Output: Social Science
Reforms instituted by this emperor included the division of his provinces among twelve vicars, each of whom supervised a diocese. He went by the signa Jovius, and his wife Prisca was once made to publicly sacrifice to the gods. He would become emperor after defeating Carinus, the son of his predecessor, Carus, at the Battle of Margus, a victory that ended the rule of the Illyrian emperors. He held a council at Carantum to resolve a succession crisis, and this author of the Maximum (*) Price Edict delegated some of his powers to Maximian early in his reign. His ascendancy ended the Crisis of the Third Century, and this man created a system wherein two men were appointed augustus and two men caesar called the Tetrarchy. For 10 points, name this Roman emperor known for his Great Purge of Christians.
Output: History
Two kinds of this force cause inconsistencies in rigid-body dynamics in the Painleve paradox. The Tomlinson model describes this force at the atomic level, and this force causes buildup of electrostatic charge in the triboelectric effect. The independence of this force from area of contact is described by Amonton's second law, and for a block on an inclined plane, the static coefficient of this force is equal to the tangent of the angle. For 10 points, name this force perpendicular to the normal force, which resists the motion of objects sliding against each other.
Output: Science