niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
One of this man's mistakes was letting a train go through after the death of Hayward Shepherd. His earlier activities included moving to North Elba, New York and starting the League of Gileadites. Using the alias Shubel Morgan, he led a group that killed David Cruise in Missouri, and helped a group that eventually went through Detroit to Canada. In reaction to the sacking of Lawrence, he had earlier led a group that killed five people near Pottawatomie Creek. On October 16, 1859, he led a group that captured a federal armory, but two days later his group was defeated by Marines under the command of Robert E. Lee. Name this abolitionist who led a raid on Harpers Ferry.
Output: History
In November 1941, Dr. Seuss depicted this organization as a tiger in a bowler hat leaning on a sack of trash, and this group suffered a major setback upon the election of Seth Lowe. Taking its name from a leader of the local Lenape tribe, its leader was called a Grand Sachem. Using its influence among the Irish and other immigrants to reach into national politics, its greatest accomplishments include the election of Al Smith as New York governor. Variously opposed by the Loco-Focos and Thomas Nast, it was finally brought down by Fiorello LaGuardia. For ten points, name this New York City Democratic political machine, most famously led by William Marcy Boss Tweed.
Output: History
During this war, a veteran of a Morocco campaign, the Count of Eu, was recalled from his honeymoon to fight for his father-in-law's side. The leader of the losing country ordered his 70-year-old mother publicly flogged and had an Irish mistress named Eliza Lynch. A boundary dispute after this war was resolved by Rutherford B. Hayes. The victorious side in this war initially named Bartolome Mitre as supreme commander, and a turning point saw the losing country's fleet destroyed at the naval battle of Riachuelo. This war ended with the death of the losing country's flamboyant leader Francisco Solano Lopez. For 10 points, name this 1864 to 1870 conflict, the bloodiest war in South American history, which saw Paraguay get defeated by Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay.
Output: History
The four horses that drew his chariot were known as the Killer, the Pitiless, Trampler, and Haste. He was born in the temple in which Mummu was held captive by a nose rope, and he would later build Esharra, or the Great Palace, where he sat alongside his consort Sarpanitu. The special weapons granted to him included Abuba, the tornado, and Imhullu, the great wind, though the most useful would be the net gifted to him by Anu. With that net he would kill Kingu, and create the first humans. However, what Babylonian god's most famous exploit is, FTP, the creation of the earth and sky from the carcass of his slain victim Tiamat
Output: Social Science
Eleven revenge plots are resolved during the course of this play; in Act Five, three different marriages take place off-stage, although two of them are clearly invalid. Welsh parson Hugh Evans makes mincemeat of the English language, although not so badly as Doctor Caius, a French physician, whose wooing of Anne is foiled by both Mistress Quickly and the Host of the Garter Inn. However, the main plot is the failed seduction of, FTP, what title characters, notably Mistress Page, by the "old fat fellow," Sir John Falstaff
Output: Literature
This man's namesake star is a supernova in Ophiuchus described in his book "De stella nova", while in "Dioptrice" he postulated a ray theory of light to explain vision. While professor of mathematics at Graz, he wrote "Mysterium cosmographicum", which brought him to the attention of his future mentor, whose astronomical calculations he completed as the "Rudolphine Tables". These calculations led to his most famous contributions to astronomy, found in "Astronomia nova" and "Harmonices mundi". FTP, who was this assistant to Tycho Brahe best known for his three laws of planetary motion.
Output: Science
In his first State of the Union Address, this President announced the opening of formal diplomatic relations with Austria, Siam, and Muscat. His administration levied trade sanctions on Portugal in retaliation for discriminatory tonnage duties. The author of an Inquiry into the Origin and Course of Political Parties, he refused to provide aid to Governor Joseph Ritner during what was dubbed the Buckshot War. His cabinet included Secretary of War Joel Poinsett and Attorney General Felix Grundy, and he was opposed by a candidate who ran under the slogan Log Cabin and Hard Cider. His vision of a Subtreasury system as a means of reform became reality long after hed fist conceived it as a leader of the Bucktail faction. FTP, name this man who later ran on the Free Soil ticket, the Red Fox of Kinderhook or Little Magician, who succeeded Andrew Jackson as President.
Output: History
ruler of this nation repudiated the Constitution of 1840 and his death brought to power a figure known as "Whiskey Bill. " One treaty was negotiated with this nation by Thomas ap Catesby Jones, and it saw gunpoint diplomacy by Cyrille Laplace to stop persecution of Catholics. A man posing as the High Priest of Melchizedek set himself up as leader of a (*) "Mormon kingdom" in this nation before being excommunicated; that man was Walter Murray Gibson. Some rebellions here were led by Robert Wilcox, and the Blount and Morgan Reports investigated American intervention in this nation in support of an 1887 document drafted by Lorrin Thurston. That document, known as the "bayonet" constitution, was forced on King David Kalakaua by people such as Sanford Dole. For 10 points, name this former Pacific island kingdom, whose last ruler was Queen Liliuokalani.
Output: History
He extended Rousseau's idea that a child ought to have tutors, believing that a child's parents and teachers should be trained to allow her to make independent decisions but buffered from real harm. He explained pathological fantasies of grandeur in men as masculine protest; and Hans Vaihinger's The Philosophy of "As If" influenced his coining of the termfictional finalism. He argued that the primary form of his most famous concept manifests itself in children who feel dependent, while the secondary form affects adults who cant achieve security, in his work The Neurotic Character. FTP, name this founder of individual psychology, who developed the inferiority complex.
Output: Social Science
The vocal part in the sixth movement is given with the instruction "without regard for the tempo," and that movement is labeled "Farewell. " Its first section contains the repeated line "Dark is life, is death," and features a tenor singing in his upper ranges. Movements of this piece include "Of Youth," "Of Beauty," and "The Lonely Soul in Autumn," while its first takes its name from the drunken poems of a certain poet. FTP, name this work that contains the movement "The Drinking Song of Earth's Miser," a song cycle by Gustav Mahler partly based on the poetry of Li Po.
Output: Fine Arts
Late in his life, this man attempted to mediate the Burundian civil war. In 1967, he issued a manifesto prohibiting government ministers from renting out houses and proclaiming "let us pray and heed to the peasant. " He negotiated with Richard Turnbull for independence before issuing the (*) Arusha Declaration and merging his country with a nearby island. For 10 points name this man who promoted ujamaa in Tanzania.
Output: History
The eighth section, subtitled "The Sorceress," focuses on a singing contest, as does the third section. This work, dedicated to Asinius Pollio, inspired two insipid parodies by a certain Numitorius. Characters in it include the dying Damon and an angry Silenus. Some scholars hold that the story of Tityrus in the first section indicates that Octavian restored the estate of the author's father, and the second section provided titles for Gide's Corydon and Marguerite Yourcenar's Alexis. Modeled on the Idylls of Theocritus, FTP name this work by Virgil whose fourth section includes a Messianic prophecy of the birth of a child.
Output: Literature
This term may sometimes refer to a sacred dance in which Shiva raises his right leg to symbolize conquering gravity. This is described in detail in the Chandogya Upanishad and the Mundaka Upanishad. One may go to Isatpragbhara by having this characteristic, and the Ratnatraya may help an individual (*) attain this characteristic. It may consist of ananda according to some thought, but dukha may serve as an impediment to this trait. If one attains kevala, one also gets this, and in Jainism, this can occur when any believer's atman loses its karma. For ten points, identify this release from the cycle of samsara, or death and rebirth, which is the analogue of nirvana in Hinduism and Jainism.
Output: Social Science
This event resulted in the Great Lakes refugee crisis. Romeo Dellaire and Jacques Roger Booh-Booh were criticized for inaction during this event, which saw the establishment of the "Zone Turquoise." Carried out by the Interahamwe, this event prompted the deployment of UNAMIR. This event was sparked when President Juvenal (*) Habyarimana's plane was shot down, and it ended when Paul Kagame of the RTF took power. This event was executed by the Hutus against the minority Tutsis. For 10 points, name this 1994 mass killing that took place in an African country.
Output: History
The Nozicki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction uses organometallic compounds featuring chromium or this element. It can be extracted from its oxide ore through heating in the presence of a mixture of hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide to yield a tetracarbonyl intermediate, which decomposes to yield four carbon monoxides in a process named for Mond. The diffraction pattern resulting from x rays fired at a crystal of this element provided evidence for the wave-particle duality in the Davisson-Germer experiment. A catalyst used to hydrogenate alkenes contains this element and aluminum, and is named for Raney. For 10 points, name this element with atomic symbol Ni.
Output: Science
This law can be written in the Voigt notation as a six by six compliance matrix. One form of this law is the expression for the free energy of a deformed isotropic body, and includes the Lam coefficients. A generalization of it includes Young's modulus, and simple harmonic motion occurs when it is obeyed. This law includes a negative sign because the force exerted is always directed opposite to the displacement of the object. FTP name this law that governs springs and is stated as F equals negative k times x.
Output: Science
One of this man's short stories sees the lawyer Dennis Flange drink wine with Rocco instead of going to work, while another sees Grover Snodd and others plan elaborate pranks like disrupting a PTA meeting with smoke bombs. Those stories, "Low-lands" and "The Secret Integration", are found in a collection alongside a work which sees Meatball Mulligan throw a party, entitled "Entropy". Another work contains sections titled "Beyond the Zero" and "Un Perm' au Casion Hermann Goering" and details the adventures of a character who, due to experiments performed on him by Laszlo Jamf, has sexual encounters that foreshadow rocket strikes. For 10 points, name this author of Gravity's Rainbow
Output: Literature
This country's sixteen regions were established in 2002 to follow natural watershed boundaries. In addition, it administers several territories, including the Chatham Islands and Tokelau. Southeast of the Tasman Sea, it was home to the extinct moa, who were hunted to extinction by its indigenous Maori peoples. The Cook Strait separates the two main landmasses of this nation also home to the kiwi bird. For 20 points, name this Pacific nation with capital Wellington and largest city Auckland, which has a North and South Island.
Output: Social Science
This artist's early style was influenced by Russian expressionism and cubism, as seen in Candles in the Dark. Known for depictions of his private life, as seen in the print series My Life, and for the surrealism inherent in works like Self-Portrait With Seven Fingers, this artist also served as art director of the Moscow Jewish State Academy in his hometown of Uitsyebsk, and designed the twelve stained-glass windows in the Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center. FTP, name this artist of The Woman and the Roses, White Crucifixion, and I and the Village.
Output: Fine Arts
In Second Peter 2:7, he is mentioned as a righteous man. According to Genesis 19, he was the ancestor of Moab and Ammon. The son of Haran, he accompanied his uncle to Canaan, but would later have problems with the women in his family, as his daughters slept with him after his wife was petrified. FTP, identify this Biblical figure, the nephew of Abraham whose wife was turned into a pillar of salt.
Output: Social Science
One ruler of this nation helped Ordelafo Faliero and Baldwin I at the Siege of Sidon and was known as the Crusader. This country's communist-friendly DNA Party was able to pass much legislation after allying with its Agrarian Party in 1935. Duke Skule lost a battle in its modern capital in 1240, a capital also attacked by Erik of Sodermanland in 1350. During World War II, its resistance movement helped sabotage its heavy water facilities, while in the 19th century, the Storting Parliament held great influence in this country. A governor and later king of this country helped draft the Constitution of May 17, 1814 in the city of Eidsvoll after control of this country switched hands following the Treaty of Kiel. Oldenburg dynasty saw the rule of several monarchs named Frederick and Christian and it was ruled during World War II by Vidkun Quisling. For 10 points, name this country whose capital at Kristiania was renamed Oslo.
Output: History
The principle criteria for strong shockwaves include the detachment criterion and a criterion named for this man that is sometimes known as the mechanical equilibrium criterion. The namesake of a uniqueness theorem with Stone, he is also the namesake of a type of entropy associated with quantum mechanics. A finite axiomatizable set theory is named for this man, along with Bernays and Gdel, and in cellular automata, each individual interacts with its four nearest neighbors in this man's namesake neighborhood. The theoretical proof of the existence of a universal converter was given by this man, and a type of computer organization in which data and instructions are stored together in a common memory is this man's namesake architecture. For 10 points, name this inventor of merge sort, formulator of the minimax theorem, and co-author of Theory of Games and Economic Behavior with Oskar Morgenstern.
Output: Science
This event, which was funded by the United States Office of Naval Research, had 24 participants who were divided into two groups. The chief organizer of this event provided wooden batons, mirrored sunglasses, and uniforms to its participants. The man who ran this event reflected upon it in writing The Lucifer Effect, which uses lessons from this event to discuss the atrocities at Abu Ghraib. For 10 points, name this infamous experiment that attempted to investigate causes of abuse in penitentiaries, the brainchild of Philip Zimbardo.
Output: History
While king of Epirus, he arbitrated the dispute between Odysseus and the families of the suitors of Penelope, and regained control of Phthia from Acastus after his grandfather was exiled. In Epirus he abducted Lanassa, a granddaughter of Hercules and fathered eight children with her. His children Molossus, Pielus, and Pergamus were fathered with his prize Andromache after the fall of Troy, but his later desire for the hand of Hermione led to war with Orestes, who eventually killed him in the temple of Delphi. During the Trojan War, he journeyed with Odysseus to Lemnos to retrieve Philoctetes, and killed Priam in the temple of Zeus. After arriving at Troy, he was presented with the armor of his father, which Ajax had killed himself over after losing a contest to Odysseus. For 10 points, name this man conceived while his father posed as a girl at the court of King Lycomedes, the son of Achilles.
Output: Social Science
This author reminisced about his home life in the essay collections Nuptials and The Wrong Side and the Right Side. Early in his career, he organized the avant-garde Thtre de l'equipe and wrote plays like The Misunderstanding, while later plays include State of Siege and The Just Assassins. He contrasted moral rebellion with political rebellion in his essay The Rebel. FTP, who was this French-Algerian author of the novels The Plague and The Stranger
Output: Social Science
Shakespeare's Henry IV is the basis for this man's one-act opera At the Boar's Head, while his interest in Hinduism is shown in the opera Savitri. The 6/8 main theme is played in counterpoint with Greensleeves in the final movement of this composer's St. Paul's Suite,(*) "The Dargason." "The Mystic" is the only movement featuring a choir in a composition by this man that introduced the hymn-tune "I vow to thee, my country" in "The Bringer of Jollity." That piece opens with a 5/4 ostinato in its movement "Mars: The Bringer of War." For 10 points, name this British composer of The Planets.
Output: Fine Arts
Its unique text was due in large part to the contribution of a 14-year old autistic boy, Christopher Knowles. It is performed in four acts and five interludes, called "knee plays" because of their connective function. Much of the time a violinist wanders between proscenium and pit, and all of the performers are dressed in short-sleeved white shirts and suspenders in this five-hour minimalist work. FTP, name this 1976 opera by Phillip Glass.
Output: Fine Arts
One of these is frequently depicted riding a white elephant with twelve tusks and established a set of ten vows. Another one holds a thunder scepter and a lasso used the hunt demons as well as a necklace made of serpents and protects his tradition's most important figure. Those two, Samantabhadra and Vajrapani, are frequently depicted alongside one of the best known of these who was given eleven heads, so that he could better hear the cries of the suffering, and a thousand arms with which to help them, and is also the narrator of the (*) Heart Sutra. In Theravada this is the term used for the stage a person reaches before becoming an Arhat, and they are seen as unnecessary since full Buddhas can also assist mankind. FTP, identify these enlightened figures central to Mahayana belief, who put off achieving Nirvana in order to save others.
Output: Social Science
This polity suppressed a Gokturk revolt near Issyk Kul, when general Su Dingfang beat Shabolue Khan there. Verse forms known as "lushi" and "jueju" were introduced during this dynasty, which saw the creation of the Nestorian Stele to celebrate the Assyrian Church of the East. One of the greatest painters of this dynasty was Wu Daoxuan, while notable poets included Wang Wei and Cui Hao. In the battle of Baekgang, they, together with their Silla allies, defeated the Baekje and their Yamato allies. They lost the battle of Talas against an Abassid Arab army, and it was seriously weakened by the Huang Cho Rebellion, while the power of its third ruler was usurped by the former concubine Wu Zhou. Emperor Xuanzong faced the rebellion of An Lushan and Li Po wrote poetry during, FTP, what Chinese dynasty from 618 to 907 C. E. that followed the Sui Dynasty
Output: History
This man first made a name for himself by capturing the Aristobulus II and taking the city of Pelusium, both while serving under Aulus Gabinius. His stepfather was executed for his part in the Cataline conspiracy on orders from Cicero, who would go on to make a series of speeches against this man modeled after Demosthenes's Philippics before this man had him proscribed. At Pharsalus he commanded the victorious left flank and led a cavalry charge to secure victory for Caesar, and during Caesar's campaigns in Africa he controlled Rome as Master of Horse. For 10 points, name this man whose defeat at Actium by Octavian led to his suicide along with Cleopatra.
Output: History
This structure is absent when the FOXN1 (read "fox-N-one") gene is deleted. Its epithelial cells express the AIRE gene and contain Hassall corpuscles. One syndrome in which it is missing is often associated with hypocalcemia due to low parathyroid activity and is known as DiGeorge syndrome. Patients with myasthenia gravis often have hyperplasia of this organ. Positive selection for cells that ultimately express either CD4 or CD8 occurs in this organ's cortex. Cancer development is often studied in mice lacking this organ because they fail to produce cells that recognize MHC-bound antigens. For 10 points, name this organ that shrinks as a person ages and that is the maturation site for T cells.
Output: Science
This character was once stopped by the watchman who possessed seven magic mantles, and at Mount Mashu, he was warned by the scorpion men about the dangers of entering the underground passage. His last quest centered on the search for the plant that grows in the water of death, and during that quest, he met Utnapishtim. At the cedar wood, he defeated the fire-breathing Humbaba, and he fought the Bull of Heaven with his friend Enkidu after rejecting Ishtar. For 10 points, name this title character of a Mesopotamian epic.
Output: Social Science
In one of this author's plays, the story of a bullet being thrown at a skirt helps attempt to determine the gender of the title character. That play by this author was originally an interlude to another play that also features the character Galy Gay, who transforms to the soldier Jeraiah Jip. This author of The Elephant Calf and A Man's A Man wrote another work in which a character describes his ability to draw a mark on a dissident while pretending to clap him on the back. Another scene from that play by this author sees a judge rule based on which verdict will save his job, and it also describes two physicists who feign hatred of Albert Einstein. Other plays by this author include one in which Fatty the Bookkeeper and Trinity Moses brace for a hurricane, and another in which Shen Teh pretends to be her own male cousin. For 10 points, name this playwright, author of The Good Woman of Szechuan and Mother Courage and Her Children.
Output: Literature
This war had its roots in the Pequot War and the slaughter at Mystic fort, which resulted in the deaths of several hundred Indians and the breaking of the Pequots as a power in colonial New England. It led to an uneasy forty years of peace between the English colonists and the other New England tribes who had combined forces to destroy the Pequots. Name this conflict that killed 3000 out of 52000 New England colonists along with several thousand Indians and was named for the classical honorary bestowed on Wampanoag chief Metacomet by the English.
Output: History
In a network, the steepness of the loss curve as a function of the log of this quantity is called "roll-off". The logarithm of this quantity is the independent variable in a Bode plot, which will display kinks at "cutoff" values of this quantity. For an LC circuit, "L times C, all to the minus one-half" is the circuit's "natural" value of this quantity. A critical value of this quantity that is equal to half a system's sampling rate gives the value above which aliasing occurs, and is named for Nyquist. For an ideal mass on a spring, the square root of the ratio of the spring constant and the mass is another "natural" value of this quantity, whose namesake domain is related by the Fourier transform to the time domain. For 10 points, name this quantity that equals the velocity of a wave divided by its wavelength, and whose SI unit is the hertz.
Output: Science
Following the Supreme Court case regarding this event, the defendants sang the Marseillaise before being executed. Samuel Fielden was speaking when this incident started. One man indicted for this event shouted ""The time will come when our silence will be more powerful than the voices you strangle today!" and prosecutors indicted eight people for inciting this event. Police officer Mathias Degan was killed during this event, which inspired the creation of May Day. August Spies was among the anarchists hanged after this event. For 10 points, name this 1886 event in which a pipe bomb was thrown into a Chicago labor rally at the namesake location.
Output: History