niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
This artist depicted two men in baseball uniforms and two men in overalls outside a store in a work entitled This is America, Keep it Free. This artist also depicted poor residents in the collections Mormon Villages and The Irish Countryman, and showed several children performing the titular action of Pledge of allegiance at Rafael Weill Elementary School. This person showed several people with their luggage awaiting a bus in a photograph that formed part of the collection Interrupted Lives, which depicts what this person termed The (*) Japanese American Exodus. This photographer's most well-known work depicts two children with their heads on the shoulders of a dusty, distracted woman. For ten points, identify this woman who photographed a titular Migrant Mother, a Depression Era photographer.
Output: Literature
Some of these people's burial grounds include Jelling [YELL-ing] and Brika, and this group won the Battle of Maldon. The Varangian Guard was composed of these peoples, and their rapid expansion has been attributed to Islamic interference with trade routes. A man named(*) Rurik from these people established the Kievan Rus', and another, Rollo, conquered Normandy. These peoples colonized the Faeroe Islands, and later colonized Vinland and Greenland. For 10 points, identify these people from Scandinavia who were known as vicious sea raiders in Medieval Europe.
Output: Social Science
This school of thought disregards universals because it holds that all things in existence are instead particular. This school of philosophy also states that different beings are given qualities and held together as unified objects by types of a sustaining force called pneuma. Practitioners of this school of philosophy included Cleanthes and Chrysippus, and this school of philosophy maintains that virtue alone is sufficient for (*) happiness. For 10 points, name this Greek school of thought named for the porch on which it met, founded by Zeno of Citium and espoused by Marcus Aurelius in his Meditations.
Output: Social Science
Dr. MacPhail realizes that Sadie Thompson has seduced Reverend Davidson at the end of one of this author's short stories. This author of "Rain" also wrote about the love of Jim Blakeston and Tom for the title street girl in Liza of Lambeth. One of this author's works is subtitled "The Skeleton in the Cupboard" and concerns William Ashenden's relationship with the Driffields, while another work ends with the former aviator Larrey Darrel's return to America thanks to Isabel Bradley's actions. This author of Cakes and Ale and The Razor's Edge is perhaps best remembered for a novel whose protagonist falls in love with Emily Wilkinson and Mildred Rogers before marrying Sally Athelney. FTP, name this British author, the creator of the club-footed Philip Carey in Of Human Bondage.
Output: Literature
This ruler issued a "divine pragmatic sanction" nullifying certain donations, and was influenced by the theological advisors Domitian of Ancyra and Theodore Askidas. His armies were defeated at the Battle of Callinicum, after which his minister Peter Barsymes devised a set of fiscal reforms. His theological quarrel with Pope Vigilius is sometimes called the Three Chapters dispute. A year after he negotiated the so-called "Endless Peace" with the Persians, his army won at Tricamerum over Gelimer and the Vandals and he commissioned Tribonian to supervise the creation of the Digesta, the Institutiones, and the Novels, all components of his namesake legal code. FTP, name this great Byzantine emperor from 527-565 CE.
Output: History
The protagonist of this work is often disciplined by ""The Tickler"" of Mrs. Joe Gargery. This novel's protagonist is nicknamed ""Handel"" by a character who marries Clara Barley, Herbert Pocket. One character in this novel lives in Satis House and has not changed out of her wedding dress since being abandoned on her wedding day. That character from this novel is Miss Havisham. Abel Magwitch is the anonymous benefactor of this novel's main character, who is in love with Estella. For 10 points, name this novel by Charles Dickens about Pip.
Output: Literature
The presence of the SXT element encoding resistance complicates the treatment of this disease with sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and streptomyocin. Another strain of this disease is named for the Egyptian town where it was discovered in 1905. Only the O1 and O139 serogroups of its causative agent actually cause this disease; the former belongs to the Ogawa and Inaba serotypes. Like pertussis, this disease is worsened by a protein complex with one A subunit and 5 B subunits, but the A1 subunit of that complex uniquely ADP-ribosylates G proteins. Heterozygous carriers of the cystic fibrosis mutation are resistant to this disease, which operates by pumping tons of chloride ions into the small intestine. John Snow did a pioneering epidemiological study of this disease in London. It is commonly treated using oral rehydration therapy. For 10 points, name this disease brought on by drinking contaminated water, which causes massive diarrhea and vomiting.
Output: Science
One mosaic in this city features Muslim custom guards disgusted at the sight of pig meat contained in the coffin of the city's patron saint. One holiday celebrated in this city is known for the wearing of masks martina with varieties such as bauta and moretta and takes place two weeks prior to Ash Wednesday. A prominent image throughout this city is an open book, reading "Peace Be Unto You," held by a (*) lion, while a major waterway in this city runs from its railway station named after St. Lucy past the Rialto Bridge and a bridge which Lord Byron described as the final sight of condemned individuals, the  Bridge of Sighs. For 10 points, name this city that protects by law the pigeons of St. Mark's Square, and is known for the gondolas plying its canals.
Output: Social Science
One sonnet written by an author from this country ends "No hand will reach into the obscure depth/to argue with me over your handful of bones." Another poem written by an author from this nation ends 'It is the hour of departure. Oh abandoned one!" This nation, home to the author of Sonnets of Death, is also home to an author who wrote an ode to tuna, and proclaimed "Arise to birth with me, my brother" in his "Heights of Macchu Picchu". A poet from this country lamented "Tonight I can write the saddest lines". For 10 points, name this nation home to Gabriela Mistral and the author of Canto General and Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, Pablo Neruda.
Output: Literature
In three dimensions, one type of this phenomenon can be derived from applying two Lorentz transformations whose velocities point in opposite directions. In general, that phenomenon accounts for the difference between a naive estimate and the true spin-orbit Hamiltonian. Another type is utilized by NMR. In classical mechanics, its period is defined as 4 pi-squared times an object's moment of inertia, all divided by its torque times the period about a certain axis, while planetary orbits may undergo apsidal or perihelion types. Geometric, Thomas, and gyroscopic are also different types of, FTP, what phenomenon, the change in direction of an object's axis of gyration
Output: Science
One of this mans short stories centers on Belacquah Shah, who picks up the title creature while going to an Italian lesson. In addition to Dante and the Lobster, this man wrote a play concerning the solipsist Henry, entitled Embers, and another play centered around the old couple Mr. and Mrs. Rooney, called All that Fall. One of his better-known works consists of an old writer listening to Spool number 5. He is probably best known a work features Nagg and Hamm, and another has Pozzo and his servant Lucky, as well as Vladimir and Estragon. FTP, name this absurdist playwright of Krapps Last Tape, Endgame, and Waiting For Godot.
Output: Literature
Girolamo Bedoli slavishly imitated this artist's style and completed work in Santa Maria della Steccata. Giorgio Vasari praised the "three most fanciful lights" in this man's depiction of the Circumcision. Vasari also claimed this man's studio was invaded by German soldiers who were so amazed by his work they left him alone to finish an altarpiece commissioned for San Salvatore del Lauro. That work shows a man in contrapposto with a leopard skin hanging on his leg and was this man's (*) Vision of St. Jerome. He gave one of his paintings to Pope Clement VII, who in turn gave it to Pietro Aretino; that work depicts a ring on an enlongated pinky finger and was painted by borrowing a barber's glass that distorted the artist's image. For 10 points, name this Mannerist painter of the Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror.
Output: Fine Arts
The Stratton-Chu model of this phenomenon attempts to improve on earlier scalar models such as the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld theory. The equivalence of complementary arrangements in producing this phenomenon is described by Babinets principle. A simple scalar theory of this phenomenon makes use of an integral named for Kirchhoff and Fresnel, and a simple pictorial model of this phenomenon is given by Huygens principle of wave propagation. FTP name this behavior observed in electrons by Davisson and Germer, the bending of waves as they pass obstacles.
Output: Science
At the age of twenty-three, he wrote a biography in the form of a letter to a physician, explaining why he turned to scholarship. In a biography that came after A Kind of History of My Life, he described the initial success of his Political Discourses. Also in that later biography, My Own Life, this thinker mentions a trip to France, where he wrote a three-part work that did not receive the approval of Joseph Butler. His ideas were criticized in Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man, written by Thomas Reid. His most famous work, which attacked the self-love theory, contained sections including "Of the Reason of Animals" and "Of Miracles," and awoke Kant from his "dogmatic slumber. " FTP, name this Scottish philosopher and author of An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
Output: Social Science
This nation's highest point, Mount Moco, is located in the series of highlands in the center of the nation, the Planalto da Bie and Planalto da Hulla. Those mountainous regions give rise to the Kwango and Cubango Rivers, but most of the nation's population is concentrated along the Atlantic Coast. Its city of Namibe borders the Nanib Desert to the south, but, FTP, what strife-torn nation's largest city is the northern city of Luanda
Output: Social Science
The volume of a simplex is given by the Cayley-Menger variety of this object, and the Chio condensation is a special case of one formula used to compute them, which states that this operation commutes when an identity element is added. Hadamard put an upper bound on its value equal to n to the power of n over 2, and Sylvester's theorem about them is used to create Bayesian estimators for multivariable normal distributions. When changing coordinate systems inside an integral this operation is applied to the Jacobian, and when finding the extrema of a function, this function is applied to the Hessian. Used to show linear independence or orthogonality, this object is connected with the solution to a system of linear equations via Cramer's Rule. For 10 points, name this alternating multilinear operation applied to a matrix, which returns zero if the matrix is singular.
Output: Science
This author wrote a novel in which the title character stows away aboard the Grampus before disguising himself as a ghost to scare away mutineers. In addition to writing The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, this author wrote a story in which a mother and daughter are murdered on the title street by an orangutan. The detective C. Auguste Dupin appears in several works by this man. This author wrote about the murder of an old man whose title organ is stored under the floorboards. For 10 points, name this author of "The Tell-Tale Heart" and "The Murders in the Rue Morgue."
Output: Literature
It was officially convoked by Count Gyula Andrassy, and the Italian representative was Count Luigi Corti, whose blunders would lead to his resignation. It saw the withdrawal of all British objections to French expansion in North Africa, and only the Earl of Salisbury's diplomacy ensured that the Russians would come to the conference table. Prince Milan IV gained the independence of his country but saw the stage set for future turmoil in the region. Called to modify the recent Treaty of San Stefano, this parley was dominated by Otto von Bismarck. FTP, identify this meeting of 1878, named for the German city in which it took place.
Output: History
A Supreme Court case with this man as the named respondent ruled that held that that forfeiture of citizenship constituted a cruel and unusual punishment, and involved the desertion of Albert Trop. This took over the Senate seat held by the architect of a 1935 National Labor Relations Act, New York's Robert Wagner, and was himself succeeded in his more famous position by Christian Herter. His examination of the shipping manifest for the Alfhem, which this cabinet official asserted was carrying Czech weapons, eventually led to the end of the Ten Years of Spring in one country. This man's early career saw him assist Arthur Vandenberg during the (*) San Francisco Conference and his uncle, Robert Lansing, during Versailles, but he is better-known for backing an effort led by Carlos Castillo as an aggressive form of the policy this political figure advocated in War or Peace. This man's orchestration of Operation PBSUCCESS was criticized over his ownership of United Fruit Company shares, and he also intervened in the first re-election of Konrad Adenauer and arranged for a family member's organization to conduct Operation Ajax. Mohammed Mossadegh and Jacabo Arbenz lost power thanks to the efforts of this successor of Dean Acheson, who poorly counseled his President during the Suez Crisis after backing regime change in Guatemala and Iran. FTP, identify this Secretary of State under Dwight Eisenhower, the brother of CIA director Allen.
Output: History
term in the Scatchard-Hildebrand equation squares the difference between two of this property's namesake parameters, and a differential form of this quantity is measured by calculating a partition coefficient. The natural logarithm of this quantity is equivalent to entropy of fusion divided by the gas constant times quantity one minus freezing point over temperature in an expression of its "ideal law". Two salts can influence this property of each other via the common ion effect, and this property of a gas increases with pressure according to Henry's Law. For 10 points, name this property, the extent to which a substance forms a solute under a given set of conditions.
Output: Science
In one work, this man uses an analogy of a crate of oranges to explain that the scientific person would argue that if a sample is bad, the whole population is likely bad. He uses the color of his table to critique both Descartes' cogito ergo sum argument and Berkeley's idealism in the first three chapters of another work, whose other chapters include "How A Priori Knowledge is Possible" and "The Limits of Philosophical Knowledge. " This author of the introduction to Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus introduces the proposition C(x) such that C(everything) means that "C(x) is always true" and C(nothing) means that "'C(x) is false' is always true" in a work arguing against theories of Frege and Meinong. For 10 points, name this author of Why I Am Not a Christian," The Problems of Philosophy, and "On Denoting," also noted for the "Man's Peril" speech and being a co-author of Principia Mathematica.  
Output: Social Science
Mori and his father attempt to assassinate the Patron in one work by this author, who wrote about the novelist K and his son Eeyore in another work. In addition to The Pinch Runner Memorandum and Rouse Up O Young Men of the New Age!, he wrote a novel in which a group of conspirators sing the Bach cantata Gladly I shall bear the cross before being wiped out by American agents in disguise, and another about a group of boys who are later joined by the Korean deserter Li in a barren village infected by the plague. A more well known work by this author of The Day He Himself Shall Wipe My Tears Away and Nip the Buds, Shoot the Kids includes the characters Natsumi, Takashi and Mitsusaburo and contains a scene in which a character commits suicide by painting his head crimson and hanging himself with a cucumber in his anus. For 10 pointsname this author of The Silent Cry.
Output: Fine Arts
Dane's method is used to stain both mucin and this molecule, and this protein mediates cell polarity by binding to Albatross protein and the apical junction complex. Its aggregation is triggered by filaggrin in one organ, and this protein is prevalent in the stratum lucidum and stratum corneum of one structure. Mutations in the 5th or 14th isoforms of this protein leads to EBS, and it is attached to desmoplakin in on the one face of desmosomes. This protein contains a long alpha-helix flanked by disordered domains, and acidic and basic isoforms of it dimerize, and the dimers proceed to form tetramers which arrange in fibrils. Its structure is formed by crosslinking of cysteine , and it is the main component of type 1 intermediate filaments. For 10 points, name this structural protein that gives strength to skin, hair and nails.
Output: Science
A criticism of this work by Frege claims that it bases one important distinction on the subject-predicate form of grammar. According to the author, the mind takes an active role in shaping information, creating ideas like time and space, but the author rejects the Rationalist position that nothing is knowable. This works uses the example of a collapsing house to contrast a priori and a posteriori knowledge and the example of seven plus five equals twelve to contrast analytic and synthetic judgements. This work is more famous for calling external stimuli that live in the noumena things-in-themselves. For 10 points, name this philosophical tract by Immanuel Kant that defines metaphysics as the titular pursuit.
Output: Social Science
Monkey Bay is a major port located on this body which lies near Cape Maclear. It is near the city of Mangochi, which lies between the southernmost point of this body and Lake Malombe. In the only recorded battle on this body, the HMS Gwendolyn destroyed the German boat Hermann von Wissemann The largest river flowing into this lake is the Ruhuhu River, and it is drained by the Shire River which flows into the Zambezi. For 10 points, name this lake located southeast of Lake Tanganyika, which is shared by Mozambique, Tanzania, and its namesake country.
Output: Social Science
This author collaborated with Gene Weltfish to support human equality and bash fascism in "The Races of Mankind. " This anthropologist described the Pueblo culture of New Mexico and the Dobu culture of New Guinea and argued that morality is relative to unique cultural values in Patterns of Culture. The most famous work of this author contrasts the "guilt culture" of a the West with the "shame culture" of a certain nation and stemmed from research during World War II. FTP, name identify this anthropologist, who wrote about imperial Japan in The Chrysanthemum and the Sword.
Output: Social Science
He was first elected to the Senate in 1936, but resigned several years later to fight in World War II; in 1946, he made a comeback by unseating Senator David Walsh. He nominated Dwight Eisenhower for president in 1952 and became chairman of his campaign, but was unseated nonetheless by John F. Kennedy. He spent the bulk of the next ten years as UN ambassador and ambassador to South Vietnam, and was Richard Nixon's running-mate in 1960. FTP, name this Massachusetts politician, the grandson and namesake of another senator.
Output: History
In a poem drawn from a maiden's song from St. Winfred's Well, he contrasted "The Leaden Echo" with "The Golden Echo" and he claimed that "Christ plays in ten thousand places... To the Father through the features of men's faces" in "As Kingfishers Catch Fire, Dragonflies Draw Flame. " The poet reacts to the death from tuberculosis of his blacksmith friend in "Felix Randal," published posthumously in 1918 by poet laureate Robert Bridges. Other poems include a "curtal" sonnet in which he cries "Glory be to God for dappled things" and another dedicated to the "happy memory of five Franciscan nuns," but best known is a poem about the "kingdom of daylight's dauphin, dapple-dawn-drawn falcon. " FTP, name this poet of "The Wreck of the Deutschland" and "The Windhover. "
Output: Literature
One character in this novel meets his love interest through the feminist Kukshina. That character's love interest kisses him on the head before he dies of typhus contracted during an autopsy. One character is invited to Kolyazin's ball and another meets Sitnikov, who arrives uninvited at Anna Odintsov's. In this novel, Pavel is shot in the leg in a duel while his father Nikolai marries Fenitchka, and his brother marries Katya Odintsov. Centering on Arkady Kirsanov and the nihilist Bazarov, for 10 points, name this novel by Ivan Turgenev.
Output: Literature
His plays include The Living Room and The Complaisant Lover, and his short stories are collected in May We Borrow Your Husband. Switzerland is the setting for his Doctor Fischer of Geneva or the Bomb Party, while The Human Factor is set in South Africa and World War II. London is set setting for both The End of the Affair and The Ministry of Fear. FTP, identify this British author of The Quiet American and Brighton Rock, best known for such novels as Our Man in Havana and The Heart of the Matter.
Output: Literature
One collection of short stories by this author is set in the town of Morgana, and features members of such families as the MacLains and the Raineys, in stories like "Sir Rabbit" and "Shower of Gold". Edna Earle tells stories about Uncle Daniel in a novel by this author, while in a novella Jamie Lockhart is a bandit posing as a gentleman, in The Ponder Heart and The Robber Bridegroom respectively. One of her works follows the last hour of a man who wrecks his car near a young couple's shack, and in another work Stella Rondo runs off with Sister's boyfriend, causing her to move to the titular location. She also wrote a short story in which the protagonist must take a long journey along the Natchez Trace because of a lye-swallowing accident. For 10 points, name this author of The Golden Apples, "A Worn Path", Death of a Travelling Salesman and Why I Live at the P. O.
Output: Literature
Prior to this battle, the Hornet and Enterprise were sent on a surprise bombing mission, leaving them out of the US fleet. The other side in this battle wished to secure the island of Tulagi and its harbor. On May 7, the first major day of battle, the Kikuzuki and the Shoho were both destroyed, and the next day the Shokaku was forced to retreat. The Yorktown escaped major damage from the Japanese attack, but the Lexington was destroyed. For 10 points, name this battle fought over control of Port Moresby, a 1942 naval battle that notably featured no ship-to-ship combat, fought in a namesake body of water that is home to the Great Barrier Reef.
Output: History
At the center of this work one can see the artist's father who also appeared in its artist's later painting The Peasants of Flagey. The mayor of the titular location, Prosper Teste de Sagey can also be seen in this work, and the mayor's daughter can be seen being consoled by the artist's mother. A cur can be seen searching through his prayer book in this work which also shows a man kneeling down as two beadles dressed in bright red can be seen behind him. Painted after the death of the artist's grandfather Oudot, it shows pall bearers and other mourners snaking around in procession as they watch the title event. For 10 points, identify this painting which shows the titular internment, a work of Gustave Courbet.
Output: Fine Arts
The diffusion coefficient in Bohm diffusion is equal to Boltzmann's constant times temperature over 16 times charge times this. The Verdet constant relates this and the angle of rotation due to the Faraday effect. When a charged particle moves through one of these, the force can be given by the charge times the velocity crossed with this. In a solenoid, it is equal to current times turn density times the permeability constant. When using the right-hand-rule for a moving charge, the direction of this is represented by the middle finger, and inductors store their energy in these. Name this type of field measured in tesla, the lines of which one can see when spreading iron filings around a bar magnet.
Output: Science
The Gibbs paradox deals with a faulty derivation of this quantity which erroneously suggests it is not an extensive variable. For a monatomic ideal gas, its value is given by the Sackur-Tetrode equation, while for a black hole it is proportional to the surface area of the event horizon. In general it is equal to Boltzmann's constant times the natural logarithm of the number of accessible states. According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, it always increases in irreversible processes. Proposed by Rudolf Clausius and symbolized S, FTP, what is this measure of the disorder in a system
Output: Science
One of this thinker's works begins with the sentence "I hate voyages and explorers" and details his time with the Caduveo and Bororo. Another work by this author, which begins with the Bororo myth of the bird-nester, examines binary oppositions like "moist" and "parched." This author, who studied the development of table manners in the third volume of one work, contrasted the engineer with the bricoleur in another work that argued that civilized and uncivilized ways of thought used the same structures. For 10 points, name this French structuralist anthropologist of Tristes Tropiques, The Savage Mind, and Mythologiques, which includes the volume The Raw and the Cooked.
Output: Social Science
In one painting by this artist, a woman in a purple dress with a black bicycle and a woman with a   green dress watch as a man leaning over the side of a boat uses a trident with four prongs to catch a  fish. In addition to painting Night Fishing at Antibes [an-teeb], this artist showed a dog lying behind   a clarinetist wearing blue and white, who is next to a singing monk and a guitar player. In another  work by this artist, a blind guitarist sits with his legs crossed and his face pointing downward. That  work is from this artist's Blue Period. Name this artist of The Three Musicians  and The Old Guitarist  who also painted Guernica [gair-NEE-kah].
Output: Fine Arts
This Greek deity is frequently referred to as Kore (KOR-ay). The attempt by Pirithous (PEER-ith-oos) and Thesus to marry this woman led to their feet being coiled with snakes. One incident involving this woman led to the creation of the Sirens; that incident started with this woman picking flowers on the plain of Enna. This woman's consumption of (*) pomegranate seeds bound her to her captor for one third of each year, explaining the origins of winter. For 10 points, name this woman abducted by Hades and made Queen of the underworld, the daughter of Demeter.
Output: Social Science
This quantity is given by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation near the glass transition temperature. This quantity is given as lambda times T to the three-halves over T plus Sutherland's constant in one model. Dashpots are combined with springs to model systems for which its contributions matter at the same conditions as elasticity, such as the Kelvin-Voigt model, which accurately measures polymer creep. It decreases following the sustained application of sheer stress for thixotropic materials. The contributions of this quantity is negligible when the Euler equations apply and when the Reynolds number is large. This quantity is constant for Newtonian fluids. For 10 points, name this quantity, which is zero for superfluids.
Output: Science
It is divided into four parts, of which the third is titled "Survival of These Principles in Ancient Systems of Law and Ancient Economies. "  The second part explains the extension of the title action in terms of "Liberality, honor, and money," while the first part concentrates on that action primarily in a Polynesian context. Melanesian and Northwest American forms are also discussed, though the author never did any fieldwork himself. FTP, name this work subtitled "The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies," the most famous work of Marcel Mauss.
Output: Literature
This composer's Concerto Grosso begins and ends with the exact same Intrada movement. This composer's fifth symphony takes some music he wrote for his opera The Pilgrim's Progress and ends with a passacaglia that begins in the low strings. He used the psalm tune "Why fum'th in fight" for another work, which he scored for a solo string quartet and two string orchestras. This composer inserted the (*) folk tune "Lovely Joan" into the middle of one work and set several Walt Whitman poems to music in his first symphony. He used 16th century music for two works, one based on an anonymous folk song, the other based on a Renaissance composer. For 10 points, name this composer of Fantasia on Greensleeves, Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis, and A Sea Symphony, a Briton.
Output: Fine Arts
This author created a character who cannot subtract but can multiply large figures because she has memorized all possible products. In the same play, the Maid comes to calm down the Professor. This creator of the character Berenger and author of The Lesson wrote about the Fire Chief visiting the Smiths and the Martins in a play whose title character ""always wears her hair in the same style. "" For 10 points, name this Romanian playwright of The Bald Soprano and Rhinoceros, an exponent of the Theater of the Absurd.
Output: Literature
He depicted St. Cosmas and St. Demian in his glass painting All Saints Day, and Rose-Carol Long studied hidden iconography in his works such as Painting with a Green Center and Improvisation 33 [Orient] where she identified St. John the Divine. His later work like Tempered lan are pictographic, and he compares humanity to a giant triangle in his (*) Concerning The Spiritual In Art. Three of his Compositions series were displayed in the Degenerate Art exhibit by the Nazis before their destruction. FTP name this Russian-born German artist who taught at the Bauhaus and was involved in The Blue Rider group, named for one of his paintings, to promote abstract art.
Output: Fine Arts
Two of its figures are in contemporary dress: one at the center standing with his back towards the viewer, and the other on the far right holding a cane. At Santa Maria del Carmine, this work can be seen opposite Masolino's Healing of the Cripple and the Raising of Tabitha by Masolino One theory suggests that its subject, an obscure episode from Matthew, was painted as propaganda for the catasto. However, it is unlikely that its patron, a wealthy silk merchant, would support an income tax. Ten other scenes from the life of St. Peter complete the cycle with this paitning in the Brancacci Chapel. For 10 points, name this fresco by Masaccio.
Output: Fine Arts
After being stricken with Graves' disease, this poet began to concentrate on devotional prose writings, like Time Flies. Her first works were published by her grandfather Gaetano Polidori, and she submitted seven poems to a journal under the pseudonym Ellen Alleyne. Her prose works include Commonplace and Other Short Stories, and the 1872 collection Sing-Song is an excellent collection of verse for children. FTP, identify this author of The Prince's Progress, which was decorated by her Pre-Raphaelite brother, and her most famous poem Goblin Market.
Output: Literature
This man produced an album of songs from George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess with Ella Fitzgerald. This man often performed with the pianist Earl Hines, such as in his version of Joe Oliver's "West End Blues." This man's bands included his Hot Seven and Hot Five, with whom he engaged in scat singing in the song "Heebie Jeebies." In one song, this man told the title figure "you're lookin' swell" and "it's so nice to have you back where you belong." This man performed that song with Barbra Streisand while in another work he sang about "trees of green, red roses too." For 10 points, name this trumpet player who performed "Hello Dolly" and "What a Wonderful World."
Output: Fine Arts
The narrator of this work gets kicked under the table by another character when mentioning a girl he knows in Strasbourg in the presence of Frances, the latter's aging and manipulative girlfriend. However, that latter character gains the confidence to oppose her on a trip to New York where his newest work is praised and he wins several hundred dollars playing bridge. He eventually shakes off Frances and runs off for a short while with a woman who is already engaged to a heavy drinking war veteran. Later, their entire group of friends attends the festival of San Fermin, and they check into a hotel owned by Montoya, mentor to a promising young bullfighter named Pedro Romero. Romero becomes involved with Brett and gives her an ear cut from a bull, which earns him the enmity of Robert when Romero and Brett run off together. FTP, name this novel by Ernest Hemingway about an impotent veteran and a femme fatale.
Output: Literature
The acceleration of some Claisen rearrangements in emulsions of this substance was studied by Karl Barry Sharpless. The second stage of the Ostwald process is carried out with an absorption apparatus containing this byproduct. It can be removed from mixtures with magnesium or sodium sulfate, and alkali metals are extremely reactive with it. This compound, frequently used as a moderator for nuclear reactors, can contain a deuterium atom in its "heavy" variety. Along with carbon dioxide, it is produced in combustion reactions, and its triple point is used to define the Kelvin. For 10 points, name this compound with bent molecular geometry and formula H2O.
Output: Science
This rulers early reign saw the dismissal of the corrupt eunuch Lekapenos and the defeat of a rebellion led by Bardas Phokas. This ruler gained territory from King Smbat III of Armenia after an Armenian vassal named David willed his estates to this rulers empire, which formed an alliance against Georgios Tzul with Mstislav of Chernigov that successfully captured Kerch and ravaged the Khazars. This rulers general Nikephoros Uranus captured Aleppo, while this rulers sister Ana married Vladimir of Kiev. This rulers forces were slaughtered at the Battle of Trajans Gate, but he had much better luck at the Battle of Kleidion, where he destroyed Samuils army and blinded the survivors, telling them to march back to a certain country and tell every man, woman, and child that this ruler was their new master. For ten points, name this 11th century Byzantine Emperor, who they still call the murderer in Sofia.
Output: History
This man's works have inspired Derek Walcott's The Isle is Full of Noises and Tom Paulin's The Riot Act. He discussed the pain of having one's hair forcibly shorn in a play about the daughter of Salmoneus, Tyro Keiromene. The work Ichneutai, or The Tracking Satyrs, is a rare example of a satyr play by this tragedian. Anthony Hecht mentioned a girl who had read him in a good translation in his "Dover Bitch," but he's better known for a work in which Eurydice kills herself after the deaths of her son and niece and another in which a Theban queen marries her own son. FTP, name this Greek dramatist who wrote Antigone and Oedipus Rex.
Output: Literature
Reacting this compound with hydrogen sulfide creates trithiane, while its suspended in an 18M solution of sulfuric acid in the reagent used to test for MDMA, called the Marquis reagent. A 10% Neutral Buffered solution of this compound is used as a histological fixative, and during immunoprecipitation assays its used to crosslink proteins. In solution it polymerizes to either its "para" form or trioxane, which is why its stored as a 37% solution. The Cannizzaro reaction of this compound creates methanol and methanoic acid. For 10 points, name this simple carbonyl compound, which is used to preserve cadavers and frogs.
Output: Science
opera quotes a theme from Tristan and Isolde over one's character's announcement of his unwillingness to play the role of King Mark. Its second act largely takes place between a watchman's announcement of 10 and 11 o'clock, and features a hammer and the song "Jerum! Jerum! " being used to drown out the antagonist's serenade. This opera's first act includes Pogner's Address and its subplots include the (*) apprentice David's affections for Magdalane. One of the central characters in this opera sings about the chaotic nature of the world in the aria "Wahn! Wahn! Uberall Wahn," before helping another character transcribe his dream into the "Prize Song. " The cobbler Hans Sachs helps Walther win the love of Eva in, for 10 points, which Richard Wagner opera about a singing contest.
Output: Fine Arts
Among the images decorating it are a young man lying with his lover beneath a glade of trees while playing a pipe and a group of villagers leading a heifer to sacrifice. It is initially addressed as the "foster child of silence and slow time" and the "still unravish'd bride of quietness," and like Eternity, it "doth tease us out of thought. "  The speaker concludes about its enigmatic lesson, "that is all / Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know. "  FTP, name this object that teaches us "Beauty is truth, truth beauty," in an ode by John Keats.
Output: Literature
The Gunn type of these displays symmetric current/voltage behavior, and exhibit negative differential resistance after the threshold voltage is reached. The current passing through them varies exponentially with a forward bias and can be found with the Shockley equation, though that equation does not apply to Avalanche and Zener types of these. For 10 points, identify these circuit elements which only allow current to pass through in one direction, best known for their light emitting type.
Output: Science
This man introduced the Climbing Boys Act and led the Young England movement. This Chancellor of the Exchequer under the Earl of Derby's "Who Who" Ministry broke with Robert Peel by fighting to save the Corn Laws. When this Earl of Beaconsfield led the House of Commons, the enfranchising Second Reform Act passed but failed to win his party the next election. He led Britain into the Zulu War, bought shares in the Suez Canal, and gave Queen Victoria the title "Empress of India." For 10 points, name this rival of William Gladstone, a Conservative imperialist prime minister of Jewish descent.
Output: History
This man employed a poisoner named Locusta, and cultivated the friendship of the gladiator Spiculus and the castrated Sporus. His daughter Claudia Augusta died in infancy, and his freedwoman Acte was once considered his wife in all but name. He received the friendship of the Parthian king Vologaesus and the Armenian king Tiridates, and his freedman, the prefect Anicetus, helped in the murder by scalding-to-death of his first wife. Afranius Burrus served as his Praetorian prefect and military advisor, but was executed by him, along with Petronius, after the Pisonian conspiracy. His rule saw the revolt of Julius Vindex in Gaul, as well as Boudicca's uprising and the accession of the governor of Hispania Tarraconensis. For 10 Points, name this son and namesake of Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, who might have engaged in incest with his mother, Agrippina the Younger.
Output: History
Carl Erdmann hypothesized that the main goal of the instigators of this conflict was to assist the Byzantines. One side in one part of this conflict was led by Walter the Penniless and Peter the Hermit and was known as the People's Crusade. This crusade also included the Siege of Nicaea and the Siege of Jerusalem. This conflict resulted in the establishment of (*) Antioch, Edessa, and other crusader states. For 10 points, name this Crusade that was launched at the 1095 Council of Clermont by Urban II.
Output: History
Control of this colony was transferred in the Treaty of Basel shortly after Lger Sonthonax declared an end to slavery here. One ruler of this country declared himself Emperor Faustin I, and it spent nineteen years under U.S. Marine occupation, which was resisted by the "cacos. " A civil war here ended with the defeat of Alexandre Ption by Henry Christophe, a decade after Charles LeClerc failed put down the rebellion which gained its independence. Later, it was terrorized by the Tontons Macoutes. FTP, name this country founded by the rebellion of Toussaint-Louverture and later ruled by the Duvaliers.
Output: History
One founder was inspired by his attendance at lectures by Ehrenfels on recognizing transposed melodies. Based on concepts such as pragnanz, closure, and the constancy phenomenon, the legitimatacy of this school of thought was buttressed by studies of problem solving among the apes of Tenerife. It began as a reaction to Wundtian structuralism and later targeted behaviorism, arguing that a complex stimulus can't be broken down into atomistic thought units or stimulus-response components. Founded by Koffka, Khler, and Wertheimer, FTP name this school of psychology focused mainly on perceptual phenomena such as the phi phenomenon, whose name is German for "whole".
Output: Social Science
He wrote several pieces for violin and piano, including the Pastourelle, the Bizarrerie, and the Salut d'Amour, and composed for the Powick Asylum Band early in his career. Poetry inspired many of his works, including the 1901 Grania and Dairmid, co-written with William Butler Yeats and The Black Knight and St. Olaf, both written in 1896 and inspired by the works of Robert Longfellow. His first symphony, dedicated to Hans Richter, is unusual for being in A flat major and for its opening movement being marked Andante nobilmente. His Catholicism was a great influence in his work, including his setting of Cardinal Newman's poem The Dream of Gerontius. For ten points, identify this composer of the Pomp and Circumstance Marches and the Enigma Variations
Output: Fine Arts
One author of this first and last name wrote a novel in which Denise Crowder is murdered after meeting Daniel Fielding at the Frankfurt Book Fair. In addition to Adultery, that author also wrote an epistolary novel in which the title character corresponds with her sister Nora, who is a radio soap opera star; that novel is entitled Clara Callan. Another author of this first and last name is not Albert Camus, although he wrote an existentialist novel entitled The Outsider. That author also wrote a collection including stories such as "Bright and Morning Star" and "The Ethics of Living Jim Crow," as well as a novel about Mary Dalton's murderer, Bigger Thomas. For 10 points, give this first and last name shared by a Giller Prize-winning Canadian novelist and the American author of Uncle Tom's Children and Native Son.
Output: Literature
A gap in this quantity is related with unemployment in Okun's law, and cost-push inflation is characterized by a decrease in this value. It differs from its counterpart in that it does not account for investments by foreigners nor investments held by natives in [*] other countries. Calculated using the income or expenditure approach, this value is defined as the sum of private consumption, gross investment, government spending and net exports. A decrease in it for two consecutive quarters is known as a recession. Also known as aggregate demand, for 10 points, identify this quantity that is equal to the net goods and services produced in a country.
Output: Social Science
His book, Auto-Icon, or the Uses of the Dead to the Living, was in some ways typical of his more general philosophy of wasting as little as possible. Among other things, he suggested that "if all bodies were embalmed then every man might be his own statue. "  As luck would have it, his preserved corpse thus stood--or more accurately, sat--as a reminder of the intellectual traditions of University College, London, where his behavior during meetings was recorded as "present, but not voting," long after his 1832 death. FTP name this English Utilitarian philosopher and corpse, the author of Principles of Morals and Legislation.
Output: Social Science
One of these creatures was a ferryman for the Evenus River. Two of these creatures, Rhoecus and Hylaeus, were killed by Atalanta. One of them attempted to abduct the bride of his half-brother Pirithous. That incident involving Eurytion led to a battle in which these people lost to the (*) Lapiths. After the death of Pholus, one of them abducted Deianira and asked her to pour his poisoned blood on a cloak that Heracles put on. While most of this race came into being after the union of Ixion and Nephele, an immortal one of these people was a son of Cronus and Philyra who mentored heroes such as Jason, Asclepius, and Achilles. For 10 points, name this race, whose members included Nessus and Chiron, both of which were half man and half horse.
Output: Social Science
The Boston Public Library is home to his Frieze of Prophets, a work from his mural cycle Triumph of Religion. Taught by Carolus-Duran, he was appointed War Artist during World War I and evoked the horrors of war in Gassed. He was called the Van Dyck of our times after completing Lady Agnew of Lochnaw. Two towering vases appear in The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit. Two girls light up Chinese lanterns in Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose, and his most famous work depicts Pierre Gautreaus pale wife in a black dress. For ten points, name this artist of Madame X.
Output: Fine Arts
Nathaniel Kahn describes him as "the man with the glasses" early in "My Architect. "  In 1932, five years after graduating as a philosophy major from Harvard, he was named director of MOMA's Department of Architecture. In the same year he co-authored a book with Henry-Russell Hitchcock which introduced the term still used to describe post-World War I modernist architecture. Many of his works were collaborative efforts, later with John Burgee, and earlier with Mies van der Rohe. One of the few architects to produce important landmarks of very different movements - for 10 points - who is this co-designer of the modernist Seagram Building and the postmodernist AT&T Building
Output: Fine Arts
These entities can have an anti-terminator, such as LicT protein for sacPA, which stabilizes a secondary RNA structure. Early termination of their processes, which can occur via an alternate loop structure with excess of a particular amino acid, is known as attenuation. They can be inducible, as by IPTG for a well known example, and they can contain two kinds of repressors: a translational one, and a better understood transcriptional one, which binds to the operator site. All of them must have these operator sites, as well as promoter sites where RNA Polymerase originally binds. FTP, name these prokaryotic strips of DNA that regulate expression of related genes, which include the trp [trip] and lac varieties.
Output: Science
For plasmas suspended in tokamaks, this process is commonly modeled by the Hasegawa-Mima equation. It can be numerically simulated by two-equation k-epsilon or k-omega models, while simpler models include the algebraic Johnson-King and Cebeci-Smith models. A Lagrangian formulation of this process requires using a substantive derivative as a tracer and finding hyperbolic fixed points. Atmospheric instances of this phenomenon can be modeled using the von Karman constant, while like convection, analyzing it often requires averaging the stress tensor over time, a strategy known as the Boussinesq approximation. The rate of energy dissipation to the  power is inversely proportional to its length scale according to the Kolmogorov theory, and the transition to it is characterized by an increased ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces. Characterized by eddies and vortices, for 10 points, name this type of flow that occurs at high Reynolds numbers.
Output: Science