niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
His verse includes a number of love poems, including a Fantasy and a Rapture, dedicated to Laura as well as the historical ballad A Hostage. He justified the need for art by discussing humanitys need to balance its rational and sensual nature with what he termed the the play drive in his On the Aesthetic Education of Man. In another of his works an obstinate father causes the death of his son Ferdinand, who has fallen in love with the musicians daughter, Luise Muller. That play, Intrigue and Love, was preceded by a play about the power struggle between the brothers Karl and Franz and followed by his take on Elizabeth Is Scottish rival and a Trilogy about a general during the Thirty Years War. For ten points, identify this German author of Mary Stuart, The Robbers, and Wallenstein.
Output: Literature
The square root of this quantity is obtained when the gamma function is evaluated at one-half, and it can be approximated by Buffon's needle problem. The probability density function of the normal distribution has a coefficient of two times this quantity all to the negative one-half power, and e to the i raised to this power equals negative 1. The sine function equals zero at integer multiples of it. It is multiplied by four-thirds times the radius cubed to find the volume of a sphere, and it is also the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. For 10 points, name this transcendental number commonly approximated as 3.14.
Output: Science
This is the controlling parameter in a cataclysmic variable binary, in which material is lost by a body with weakly bound outer layers, like a red giant. Analogous to a similar quantity named for Oppenheimer, Tollman, and Volkoff that applies to neutron-degenerate spheres, this quantity is derived by balancing self-gravitation with the degeneracy pressure from electrons. Planetary nebula formation is one means by which stable stars can be formed from bodies initially above this, a condition which usually results in nova, since this is the maximum mass at which a white dwarf will not gravitationally collapse. For 10 points, name this cut-off equal to about 1.44 solar masses that is named for an Indian-American physicist.
Output: Science
In flow cytometry, these molecules bind to fluorophores to differentiate test cells, and HRP is bound to them for use in another process. Kohler and Milstein discovered that myeloma cells can produce the monoclonal variety of these molecules. Three layers of these are used in the "sandwich" variety of the ELISA technique, and these proteins exhibit disulfide bonds between their two heavy and light chains to form a Y-shaped structure. The type of these molecules which attack A and B blood groups is known as Immunoglobulin M. Released by plasma B cells, for 10 points, name these proteins produced by the immune system which each tag a unique antigen.
Output: Science
In the 1844 "Hannegan letter" this New Hampshire native urged the annexation of Texas and in the "Nicholson letter" he annunciated a form of popular sovereignty. As minister to France he wrote an influential pamphlet against European attempts to suppress the slave trade through the right of search and he resigned from the cabinet in 1842 over differences with Daniel Webster over the right to search. His 1848 presidential campaign caused a split in the Democratic party as anti-slavery elements joined the Free Soil Party to protest his view on slavery. For 10 points, name this veteran of the War of 1812 and Michigan senator.
Output: History
In one of this man's works, a young musician boards the boat of an elderly helmsman only to become the helmsman himself. That story, "Flute Dream," is one of this man's many fairy tales, which include "The Dwarf" and "Dream of the Gods. "  His actual short stories include one about the Chinese poet Han Fook and another concerning Friedrich the rationalist and his friend Erwin, "Within and Without. " Longer works include a novel about a student artist's relationship with an intellectual Monk and another about Emil Sinclair's relationship with the title character, Max Demian. Better known are a novel about Joseph Knecht's transformation into Magister Ludi, master of the title competition, and another about the misadventures of Harry Haller. FTP, name this German author of The Glass Bead Game and Steppenwolf.
Output: Literature
In one story, this god manages to get help from Baugi and Gunnlod in stealing from Suttung a special mead made from the blood of a man. This god decided to give up one of his eyes in order to take a drink from the well guarded by Mimir to increase his knowledge. Another attempt to gain knowledge involved this god (*) hanging himself for nine days from Yggdrasil to learn the secrets of the runes. For 10 points, name this Norse deity who wields the spear Gungnir, rides the eight-legged horse Sleipnir, and controls the ravens Hugin and Munin.
Output: Social Science
The Keo Nua Pass in this country is one of the few passes through the Annamese Cordillera (CORE-dee-YARE-uh). This nation's capital includes the Temple of the Trung Sisters and is located on the Red River. The imperial citadel of Dai Noi is found in this country's onetime capital Hue (hway). For 10 points, name this Southeast Asian nation that was reunified in 1975 after a bloody war between the communist north and U.S.-aligned south.
Output: Social Science
This work took over eight years to sell 600 copies. It contains a famous section relating a scene in a large hall with numerous guests, including the widow Irma and the author's friend Otto. It divides the title concept into its actual, or "manifest content," and its hidden meaning, or "latent content. "  This work contains chapters that attempt to identify the title concept's "Stimuli and Sources," its role as "Wish-Fulfillment," and to explain why they are forgotten upon waking. FTP, identify this work of Sigmund Freud that first analyzed the importance of understanding dreams.
Output: Social Science
In Nepal, this god is depicted as a five-headed figure riding a lion and is called Heramba. At this god's temples, one can whisper wishes into his mount's ear to relay to him. This god injured the moon by throwing a body part at it after it laughed at him for tying his stomach together with a snake to keep candy from coming out. This god is said to have agreed to transcribe the Mahabharata for Vyasa only if he would recite it without interruption. To win a fruit, this Lord of Beginnings was told to race with his brother around the world, after which he rode a mouse around his parents because he said a little boy's parents were his world. Earlier, this god had hurt a cat, not realizing that the cat was his mother Parvati in disguise. This god was born beautiful, but lost his head after his father Shiva cut it off. For 10 points, name this elephant-headed "remover of obstacles" from Hindu myth.
Output: Social Science
In her essay "A Bolter and the Invincible Summer" she admits to frequently skipping classes at convent school. Her more recent novels, The Pickup and The House Gun, are much less political than her first work, the story collection The Soft Voice of the Serpent. She furthered her political views in The Conservationist and July's People. However, it was The Burger's Daughter that was banned in her country for its stark portrayal of an entrenched discriminatory system. FTP, name this South African winner of the 1991 Nobel in Literature.
Output: Literature
After Mieszko helped to unify the tribes, his son Boleslaw became the first king of this country in 1024. This country's legal code was developed under Casimir, and Poniatowski created this country's Committee of National Education. This nation was partitioned in an agreement set up by Frederick the Great in 1772. The German-Soviet pact divided this country, which was the first nation invaded by the Nazis in World War II. For 10 points, name this Eastern European country, the site of Auschwitz and the Warsaw Uprising.
Output: History
This leader established the International African Association with the stated purpose of suppressing the slave trade. He attempted to purchase the Philippines from Spain, but succeeded in controlling land he described as a "magnificent cake" when the Berlin Conference awarded it to him as a personal colony. He hired Henry Stanley to explore that territory, where his Force Publique routinely cut off the hands of indigenous laborers who were not productive enough. For 10 points, name this ruler of the Congo Free State who was the King of the Belgians.
Output: History
The investigation into this event was spearheaded by Montana Democrat Thomas J. Walsh. Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty resigned as a result of the subsequent press coverage. Businessmen Edward L. Doheny and Harry F. Sinclair were the perpetrators of the "loans" doled out to Secretary of the Navy Edwin Denby and the infamous Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall. FTP, identify this scandal that involved petroleum reserves under the administration of Warren Harding.
Output: History
The protagonist is impressed by a performance of Thomas Corneille's The Count of Essex, but when he admires a play set in Arabia the person sitting next to him at the theater sets him straight about the work. After losing money at a game of faro he overhears a discussion of a novel by Doctor Gauchat, while Madame de Parolignac mocks the works of Archdeacon T.  Later, a Venetian nobleman disparages the works of Horace and Milton, and complains that the Raphaels he owns are a bit too brownish. The title character ends up in Constantinople, having spent time in Portugal and Paraguay in earlier portions of the book. In the end, he enjoys the company of a dour philosopher named Martin and a loyal servant named Cacambo while living on his farm. FTP, name this novel in which an endless stream of misadventures befalls Paquette, Cungonde, and Doctor Pangloss, a work about optimism by Voltaire.
Output: Literature
A woman in a white dress is shown falling before a Madonna in this painter's Il Penseroso, and horseback riders approach a Gothic cathedral in his The Return. Another of his works portrays a palace made of clouds as an angel bids farewell, and this man depicted a thunderstorm transitioning to a calm river as seen from Mount Holyoke. In another series, hunters pursue deer across a rugged landscape in the 'Savage' section, while a colossal statue is shown beheaded in the 'Destruction' section. Depicted by Asher Durand alongside William Cullen Bryant in Kindred Spirits, FTP, name this American romantic painter of The Voyage of Life and The Course of Empire, the founder of the Hudson River School.
Output: Fine Arts
At one point in this novel, the protagonist sees a character in mourning on the anniversary of the executions of Annibal de Coconasso and that character's ancestor Boniface, who had been the lover of Queen Marguerite of Navarre. Titles and epigraphs, most of them invented by the author, are given to all but the last four chapters. Early in the novel, the maid Elisa falls in love with the protagonist, and she tells the town priest Chlan about the protagonists affair with the mayors wife, causing the protagonist to leave Verrires for a seminary in Besanon. His impending marriage to Mathilde de la Mole is ruined by a letter from Mme. de Rnal in, FTP, what novel about the socially ambitious Julien Sorel, written by Stendhal
Output: Literature
This functional group can chelate with metals such as cadmium in ectomycorrhizal fungi to increase metal tolerance. One of these will be created by treating a carbonyl compound with Lawesson's reagent and then reducing, and the Barton-Kellogg reaction uses the ketone variety of them to synthesize olefins. Aqueous work-up following the Herz reaction places one of them on an aromatic ring, as does the Leuckart reaction. They can be oxidized with agents like bromine, and compounds which interfere with that process are often used to denature proteins. A major component of skunk spray, they tend to form strong complexes with heavy metal cations like arsenic and mercury, which led them to be called mercaptans. FTP, name this functional group which consists of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.
Output: Science
Snorri states that this figure should be called "kinsman of Ali", and Vartari is a thong used by a dwarf to sew this figure's mouth shut. This brother of Byleist was once captured and held in a wooden chest by the villainous King Geirroth. He is represented by the Kaunaz, a vulva-shaped rune, and one of his sons created the Van River. This slayer of Fimafeng captured the dwarf Andvari in a net and is the son of Laufey and Farbauti and the father of Narfi. To delay the building of Valhalla, this figure copulated with a horse, but his usual consorts are Sigyn and Angrboda. The father of Sleipnir, Fenrir, and the Midgard Serpent, for ten points name this trickster from Norse myth.
Output: Social Science
This period saw the once dominant armored placoderm replaced with a wide diversity of sharks. During this period, Gondwana collided with Laurussia while southern Gondwanaland was glaciated, although that glaciation may have been a holdover from an earlier time. It saw the development of the amnoite egg, which allowed for extended dominance over land by some tetrapods. Trilobites were rare during this period but crinoids and gastropods were numerous and there were also many species of Eurypterids flourishing. It saw the appearance of bark-bearing trees and an overabundance of plants made the oxygen levels significantly higher allowing the evolution of giant-sized insects. Divided into the Pennsylvanian and Mississippian, FTP identify this last period of the Paleozoic Era, which started about 359.2 million years ago and which was named for the large amount of coals beds dating to that period.
Output: Science
When St. Philip refused to bless him, the former was subsequently martyred by him. He conquered Kazan and Astrakhan, and captured Narva and Dorpat before being scared off by Sigismund II. He confessed the sins of his youth to a Zemski Sobor, established the secret police known as the Oprichnina, and persecuted the boyars as no one ever had. For ten points, name this ruler of Russia from 1533 to 1584, the first to hold the title of tsar.
Output: History
About two-thirds of the way through its course it receives the Meta River on its left and joins the Apure River. Early on it divides at La Esmeralda, and one of its arms, the Casiquiare River, flows southward. After it rises in the Parima Mountains, it follows a course resembling a reverse C and goes through the plains known as the Llanos [YA-nose] before entering the Atlantic Ocean. FTP, name this South American river that flows mostly through Venezuela.
Output: Social Science
god once helped out Hera after she promised him one of the Graces, Pasithia, as his wife, and he shares with his brother the symbol of an inverted torch. One of his sons is also known by the name Icelus, and in book sixteen of the Iliad he carries the body of Sarpedon back to Lycia with his brother, whose Roman equivalent is Mors. He lives either on the island of Lemnos (*) or in a cave through which the river Lethe flows, and this deity is the son of Erebus and Nyx, both of whom are associated with darkness. Often depicted with wings attached to his head, this god is also the brother of Thnatos and the father of the Oneiroi, a group of beings which include Phobetor, Phantasos, and Morpheus; that group brings him the dreams of mortals. For 10 points, name this Greek god of sleep.
Output: Social Science
He claimed that "every action can only take place in consequence of a sufficient motive" in one work, which also claims that "moral laws. . . cannot rightly be assumed as existing without proof". In addition to On the Basis of Morality, this author wrote "To preach Morality is easy, to found it different" in a work which discusses how "it must be possible for phenomenon to act upon things from inside, instead of from outside" in a section entitled "Animal Magnetism and Magic". This author of On the Will in Nature also wrote a work which claims that the "Ontological Proof is really a charming joke" and that "the immensity of God from which it follows that God needs no cause", his On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason. For 10 pointsname this philosopher, who criticized Kantian philosophy and discussed electricity and gravity as fundamental forces of the first title concept in his The World as Will and Representation.
Output: Fine Arts
The speaker of this work describes a river which meandered through wood and dale "with a mazy motion". That river sprang from a fountain which burst forth from a chasm and which also produced huge fragments which "vaulted like rebounding hail, or chaffy grain beneath the thresher's flail", and among whose tumult the title character of this work heard voices prophesying war. This work ends with the line, "For he on honey-dew hath fed, and drunk the milk of Paradise", and also describes "a miracle of rare device, a sunny-pleasure dome with caves of ice! " For 10 pointsname this narrative poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
Output: Fine Arts
This man wrote poetry like the poem "On the Decline of the Church". This man was taken into custody along with Fra Domenico da Pescia and Fra Silvestro, and this man wrote the meditations Tristitia obsedit me and Infelix Ego. This man believed that King Charles VIII of France would prove to be an agent of the Last Days. One of this mans first acts as leader was to make sodomy a capital offense, and while this man was giving a speech on Acension Day, citizens of his city rioted. Picco della Mirandola requested that this man return to Florence, which he did, and he ran the Church of San Marco. For ten points, identify this Dominican Friar, an enemy of Alexander VI who enjoyed burning books and art in events like his Bonfire of the Vanities.
Output: History
Langston's ant and turmites are two-dimensional analogues of these constructs. Recursively enumerable languages are equivalent to the class of languages recognized by these constructs. The universal variant of these constructs can simulate every possible one of these constructs. Attaching one of these to an "oracle" can make it stronger, and a busy beaver is a specific variant of these constructs that executes the maximum number of steps. Lambda calculus is equivalent in power to these constructs according to a hypothesis named after Alonzo Church and these devices' namesake. For 10 points, name these theoretical devices with a head that can read, write, and move upon an infinite length of tape.
Output: Science
These creatures overcame a warrior with impenetrable skin by burying him underneath uprooted trees. In another story, two of these creatures named Hylaeus and Rhaecus attempted to rape Atalanta. One of these creatures named Eurytion assaulted Hippodamia during her wedding, which led to a conflict in which they smothered the warrior Caeneus. These creatures were born when a king attempted to rape (*) Hera, but instead copulated with the cloud Nephele. One of these figures gave Deianira a poisoned tunic for her husband; a more benevolent one taught Achilles and Jason the lyre. For 10 points, name this mythological race exemplified by Nessus and Chiron, which are half-human and half-horse.
Output: Social Science
One volcano in this lake is the source of Mombacho cigars, and two other volcanoes in this lake are\n connected by an old lava bridge known as the Tistian Isthmus. An artist colony was set up on this lake's\n Mancarron, the largest of the Solentiname Islands, and this lake's largest island is Ometepe. This lake is a\n home to bull sharks and other ocean animals, which makes it the only freshwater lake with marine life. This\n lake was known indigenously as Cocibolca, and it is drained by the San Juan River into the Caribbean Sea.\n For 10 points, name this lake in Central America that shares its name with the country in which it is\n located.
Output: Social Science
One concurring justice in this case draws on Rochin v. United States and his previous dissent in Adamson v. California, while the majority opinion often cites the cases of Boyd v. United States and Weeks v. United States as historical precedents on the central constitutional issue. Dissenters included Justices Whittaker and Frankfurter who joined with Harlan in lambasting the court for forgetting its sense of judicial restraint in overruling Wolf v. Colorado. The wake of this decision produced a doctrine known as the "fruit of the poisonous tree. " FTP, name this 1961 Supreme Court decision in which seizure of lascivious material in a Cleveland woman's apartment was deemed unconstitutional.
Output: History
The Chinese goddess of this entity obtained her position after swallowing a large pill and is named Chang-e. In Hindu mythology, the figure associated with it was accused of spending too much time with Rohini by the sage Daksha and is also responsible with brewing heavenly liquid, and it is under the domain of Sin in Sumerian mythology. In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli created it by decapitating Coyolxauhqui. The Japanese god of this entity, who emerged from the right eye of his father, killed Uke Mochi in anger. In Norse mythology this entity is constantly chased by Hati, while the Greek figure associated with it put her shepherd lover in an eternal sleep. FTP, the Vedic Soma, the Shinto Tsuki-Yomi, the Norse Mani, and the Greek Selene were all associated with what heavenly body
Output: Social Science
The CIZA project determined that it only has 10% of its originally postulated mass, while Bertschinger and Dekel calculated the maximum Sachs-Wolfe anisotropy due to its effects. Partly responsible for the dipole anisotropy, it was originally discovered by a group later dubbed "The Seven Samurai". This structure is associated with a filamentous redshift phenomenon known as the Fingers of God. It was found due to irregularities in the Tully-Fisher relationship, resulting in peculiar velocities of up to 700 kilometers per second in several galaxies, and it contains the Norma and Abell 3627 cluster. It lies directly in front of the Shapley Supercluster and is core is located in giant filament of dark matter called the Great Centaurus Wall. Located in the Zone of Avoidance, for 10 points, name this object 250 million light-years across, named for its tendency to pull galaxies toward it.
Output: Science
This conflict broke out one year after the death of Joseph Ferdinand and was indirectly caused by the demands of Leopold I that his son Charles receive unpartitioned lands. One battle in this conflict took place as one side was getting ready to beseige a village near the Schelde River, while another battle two years prior to that one took place near modern-day Namur and was a defeat for the Duke de Villeroi; those battles were Oudenarde and Ramellies. The immediate cause of this conflict was the death of Charles II and the subsequent attempt to place the future Philip V on the throne of a certain nation. One of this war's decisive battles occurred when a Franco-Bavarian force under Tallard was defeated by Eugene of Savoy and the Duke of Marlborough. For ten points, identify this war between France and a coalition led by England which featured such battles as Malplaquet and Blenheim and was ended by the Treaty of Utrecht.
Output: History
Early in his career, he was an ally of a faction founded by Gulian Verplanck and was nicknamed "King Coody" as a result. As a lawyer, he defended the abolitionist Jacob Gruber and succeeded William Wirt as attorney general of his state. After replacing William Duane, he ordered the end of federal deposits into the Second Bank of the United States as Secretary of the Treasury, but Jackson's bid to replace Gabriel Duvall with this man was a failure. In his most famous role, this man dealt with the power of state courts in Ableman v. Booth, the sanctity of state contracts in the Charles River Bridge case and with habeas corpus in ex parte Merryman. FTP, identify this fifth Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court who presided over the Dred Scott case.
Output: History
The last thing he wrote before his suicide was a story entitled "Gleanings From" his most famous work, the longest of his "palm-of-the-hand" stories. David Henry Hwang wrote this man into a theatrical adaptation of this author's House of the Sleeping Beauties, written after his novel about the twin daughters of kimono salesmen, The Old Capital. Other novels by him deal with the six-month contest between Ottake and Shusai, and with the love of Shimmamura for a northern geisha. For 10 points, name this Japanese author of The Master of Go and Snow Country.
Output: Literature
This author suggested that there is no other road to truth except through the "brook of fire," referring to this philosopher's admiration of the writings of Ludwig Feuerbach. This author satirizes Bastiat's theory of credit as an "utter poverty of ideas under a cover of formal logic" in his Grundrisse. In addition to writing Notes on James Mill and The Civil War in France, this theorist in perhaps his most famous work claims that the constant revolutionizing of production leads to a constant disturbance of social conditions thus "all that is solid melts into air, [and] all that is holy is profaned. " Also the author of the Critique of the Gotha Program, that quote comes from a work co-written by Friedrich Engels and warns of a specter haunting Europe. FTP name this German philosopher who discussed the class struggle between bourgeoisie and the proletariat in the Communist Manifesto.
Output: Social Science
This city was the original capital of a duchy ruled by Otto de la Roche, and along with Orchomenos, it was once inhabitated by the Minyan people. One commander from this city unprecedentedly used a reserve contigent of cavaliers in one battle and was named Pagondas. Another general from this city led a 1000 man force to defend the construction site of Megalopolis and later took care of a notable hostage to this city. It lost the battles of Coronea but was responsible for the killing of Lysander at the earlier battle of Haliartus, and three of its generals were killed despite its victory at the Battle of Mantinea. The most famous general from this polity gave Pelopidas control of the Sacred Band and fought in the Battle of Leuctra. Home of Epaminondas, for 10 points, name this Greek-city state that gained hegemony prior to the Macedonian conquest.
Output: History
One derivative of this molecule is the mushroom compound gyromitrin, which is metabolized into the toxic monomethyl version of it, while the iso-nicotinyl version of it is used to treat tuberculosis. It can be produced industrially in the Atofina-PCUK cycle, or in a process in which chloramine is an intermediate, the Olin Raschig process. Imides react with it to form tri-azoles in the Einhorn-Brunner reaction, while in another reaction, it attacks a carbonyl compound to form a similarly named intermediate before winding up as nitrogen gas. FTP, name this molecule used to completely reduce a carbonyl in the Wolff-Kishner reaction, which is also prominently used as a rocket fuel and has formula N2H4.
Output: Science
This man wrote a piece with sections on the title character's "Companion," "Battlefield" and "Works of Peace." One of this composer's works, mislabeled as a symphony, is more accurately a 22-section tone poem which uses multiple "climbing themes." This composer of A Hero's Life represented a folk hero's trickery with a French horn and soprano clarinet in another work, Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks. This composer of An Alpine Symphony is most famous for a work with a C-G-C "nature-motif" in the trumpets, which is followed by timpani quarter notes. For 10 points, name this German composer of Also Sprach Zarathustra.
Output: Fine Arts
This man fathered the twins Nebrophon and Euneus with the Lemnian queen Hypsipyle. His father committed suicide by drinking bull's blood, an act which prompted the murder of this man's brother Promachus. This man ordered the construction of a pentekontoros built partly using wood from the oak grove at Dodona and employed the advice of Phineas in order to pass through the (*) Symplegades. While helping a disguised Hera cross the Anauros river, he lost a sandal, thus fulfilling a prophecy involving his usurping uncle Pelias. During a trip to Colchis, this man plowed a field using fire-breathing oxen and, like Cadmus, defeated warriors grown from dragon's teeth. His second wife Glauce was jealously killed by his first wife, the sorceress Medea. For 10 points, name this hero who led the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece.
Output: Social Science
One of this empire's armies that was sent as reinforcements lost to Gaius Nero and was led by Hasdrubal. Cato the Elder frequently used this empire's name with the words ""delenda est,"" and it was destroyed in its third war with Rome. For 10 points, name this empire based around a North African city whose generals included Hamilcar Barca and Hannibal during its fighting in the Punic Wars.
Output: History
This artist once completed a series with gouache and uncolored paper while bedridden, and those images are presented in a book interspersed with handwritten text. That series features many images related to the circus or to the theater, including The Sword Swallower, Cirque, The Clown, and Pierrot's Funeral. The most iconic image this artist created for that series shows a black, stylized man against a deep blue sky with geometric yellow stars, entitled Icarus. Along with the 1947 series Jazz, this French artist painted a colorful canvas with a woman herding goats with a flute, many nude people lying down, and a scene that would be recreated in The Danse. FTP, name this French artist of The Joy of Life, the leader of the Fauves.
Output: Fine Arts
One theologian from what is now this country described the experience of baqa in his book The Jewels of Wisdom and argued that the soul disappears through an act of fana in The Meccan Revolutions. Another Islamic theologian from here argued that the universe is eternal in his refutation of al-Ghazali, The Incoherence of the Incoherence. This country, which was the birthplace of (*) ibn al-'Arabi and ibn Rushd, is home to a mosque with red and white voussoirs in its arcade. A palatial complex in this country is home to such features as the "Court of the Myrtles" and the "Court of the Lions." Moriscos were Muslims in this country who were expelled during the Reconquista. For 10 points, name this country, where one can find Seville and Cordoba
Output: Social Science
Following his dissertation on "The Doctrine of Judgement in Psychologism," he published his first major work,  The Theory of Category and Meaning in Duns Scotus. The importance he attached to poetry was chiefly concerned with countryman Friedrich Holderlin, about whom he wrote a prominent book. The decadence of mankind was the primary subject of later works, which included On the Way to Language and An Introduction to Metaphysics. Two years before writing his magnum opus, he began a brief love affair with one of his students, Hannah Arendt. FTP, name this pupil of Edmund Husserl, who was obsessed with Angst and wrote Being and Time.
Output: Social Science
The protagonist of this novel believes that his grandfather is a paper magnate living in Buffalo, New York under the name Joe Colchic. Its protagonist is accused of the murder of Sister Dorothea Kongetter after falling in love with Roswitha Raguna while working for Bebras troupe. Alfred swallows a party pin in this novel, and his son is the protagonist who helps Bronski steal a necklace for Agnes by cutting a hole through glass with his voice. The protagonist of this novel grows a hump after he stops growing at the age of three. For 10 points, name this novel about Oskar Matzerath who plays the title musical instrument, the first book of the Danzig Trilogy by Gunter Grass.
Output: Literature
This society forbade the free consolidation of lands and resources known as misrabhoga. Religious sites in this kingdom had special bondsmen called knum. This civilization produced barays which were artificial lakes. It was visited by the diplomat Zhou Daguan. One period of its architecture is typified by the (+) Bayon temple. It succeeded the Chenla Kingdom. It was founded by Jayavarman II. Its king Suryavarman II built (*) Angkor Wat at its capital. For 10 points, name this Southeast Asian kingdom that partly shares its name with 20th century Cambodian regime.
Output: History
He painted Mary being laid in a coffin while a large crowd watches breathlessly in his Dormition of the Virgin, and a balding man with a white ruffled collar makes up his Portrait of an Old Man, believed to be a self portrait by this painter. He also painted one work in which the title character stands on a sickle-shaped moon as angels in the clouds and angry-looking guys on earth look on, and one in which a man is starting to carve something into a piece of wood while a guy in a green shirt takes Jesus' red cloak off. This painter of The Assumption of the Virgin and The Disrobing of Christ painted a darkening landscape which goes from lush to barren and contains several ruined-looking walls, and depicted a guy in a funny Catholic hat helping to lay the body of the title character in his grave as a priest watches his ghost talk to Mary and Jesus in heaven. For 10 pointsname this painter of The Burial of Count Orgaz and View of Toldeo.
Output: Fine Arts
The frequency spectrum of this phenomenon is proportional to the integral from frequency over cut-off frequency to infinity of the modified Bessel function of the first kind of order five-thirds. The total power generated by this process is proportional to to the electron charge squared time the sixth power of the Lorenz factor; in the non-relativistic limit, that power is proportional times the square of the acceleration. Those limits respectively give the Lienard and (*) Larmor formulas. Wigglers are designed to produce this phenomenon by creating a periodic vector potential in a beam path. The classical limit of this behavior for circular causal motion is cyclotron radiation. For 10 points, identify this phenomenon, the production of radiation by relativistic charges accelerated by a magnetic field.
Output: Science
This composer depicted a Firemens Parade on Main Street in Gong on the Hook and Ladder, and his early works include Song for the Harvest Season. He set Vachel Lindsays poem General William Booth Enters into Heaven to music, and Childrens Day Parade and Old Folks Gatherin are movements in his third symphony, which contains many church hymns, The Camp Meeting. His second symphony contains a Bronx cheer ending, written as a screw you to his teacher Horatio Parker, while another of his works represents strings as the silence of the Druids and a trumpet repeatedly asking the title entity. For 10 points, name this composer of Central Park in the Dark The Unanswered Question who included The Housatonic at Stockbridge and two other movements in his Three Places in New England.
Output: Fine Arts
Three of this god's children created four cups from one cup to pass a test, and are known as the Ribhus. Vishvakarma built a palace for this god, and prevailed upon Vishnu to teach this god humility with the help of a troop of ants. This god was subject to the curse of having 1000 vaginas placed on his body for his seduction of Ahalya, but was able to have eyes instead. This figure was forced to pass through ninety-nine fortresses to do battle with one opponent, who had stolen all the water from the world, and after this god slew Vritra he took back the water and created the world from its belly. This rider of Airavata hurls the thunderbolt Vajra. For ten points, identify this Hindu god, who leads the Devas against the Asuras.
Output: Social Science
This man warned against the creation of an episcopate in America in his Dissertation on the Canon and Feudal Law. In response to a request for advice from North Carolina, he wrote a pamphlet praising mixed constitutions, called Thoughts on Government. He received a letter asking him to "willingly give up the harsh title of Master for the more tender and endearing one of Friend." This Unitarian seconded a motion by (*) Richard Henry Lee at the Second Continental Congress to force the first vote on declaring independence. This man was urged to "Remember the ladies" in a letter from his wife. For 10 points, name this Massachusetts patriot, whose cousin Samuel led the Sons of Liberty, a president who died within hours of his rival Thomas Jefferson.
Output: History
The Greeks Megasthenes and Deimachus were sent as ambassadors to the first and second rulers of this polity. Demetrius I of Bactria began his devastating invasion of this empire after a coup overthrew their last ruler; his new empire would share the region with the Sunga Empire founded by the leader of that coup. The first ruler of this empire was advised by the author of a treatise on statecraft called the Arthashastra, Chanakya. That ruler consolidated his power by defeating Magadha, and he left a vast empire to his son Bindusara. This empire's third ruler was so sickened by his expansive military conquests that he built thousands of stupas and famously converted to Buddhism. For 10 points, name this Indian empire founded by Chandragupta and later ruled by Asoka.
Output: History
Rhodium on carbon can be used as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of benzene to reduce benzene into this molecule. Substituent atoms on this molecule are given the designation "axial" or "equatorial" based on their orientation to this molecule's planar structure. Partial twisting relieves the steric hindrance between its flagpole hydrogen atoms, and it was Hermann Sachse who first suggested the reason for the lack of angle strain proposed by Adolf von Baeyer, a theory which was later expanded on by Ernst Mohr, who suggested that it has a chair conformation which relieves that strain. For 10 points, name this cycloalkane which contains six carbons.
Output: Science
The Goesgen experiment used a nuclear reactor to observe their spectra. Experimental setups to study\n these down to the 6.5 megavolt range usually only observe B8 products. Their dynamics show large and\n small mixing angle solutions. Those dynamics are enhanced by the MSW mechanism. One method for\n finding these makes use of large quantities of perchloroethylene such as in the Homestake experiment.\n Research has shown that they can undergo flavor oscillations, and these half-integer spin particles are only\n affected by the weak force. They were first postulated in the form of their antiparticles by Pauli. For 10\n points, name these non-charge-carrying leptons of little mass involved in beta decay.
Output: Science
This composer was given the task of improvising on a ""Royal Theme"" provided to him by a monarch, which eventually resulted in his piece The Musical Offering. The fifth part of another work by this composer contains a solo for virtuoso harpsichord. That work was written for the (*) margrave of a certain city. For 10 points, name this German composer whose works include the organ piece Toccata and Fugue in D minor, The Well-Tempered Clavier, and the Brandenburg Concertos.
Output: Fine Arts
He dispatched an army under Corbulo to fight the Parthians in Armenia, but later negotiated peace with that nation. Pisos attempt to overthrow this man was promptly suppressed, and the Great Jewish Revolt also began during this mans reign. The end of his reign was followed by the year of four emperors, and he ordered the execution of his mother Agrippina. For 10 points, identify this madman, a Roman Emperor who and was the successor to Claudius and watched Rome as it burned.
Output: History
A 1998 study by Dr. Peter Eriksson used the marker bromodeoxyuridine to demonstrate that neurogenesis takes place in the dentate gyrus region of this structure. The granule cells of the dentate gyrus project to the large pyramidal cells of this structures Ammons Horn via the mossy fiber system. Damage to this region may result in anterograde amnesia, and it is typically one of the first areas damaged by Alzheimers disease. A recent study found that this region has grown larger in cab drivers who have navigated London for decades, since this area is involved in spatial navigation and memory formation. For 10 points, name this part of the brain which derives its name from the Greek for seahorse.
Output: Science
The optical or refractive type of this quantity is measured in diopters and measures the ability of a device to focus light. A non-standard unit for this quantity is the ton of refrigeration, and in systems with flow, it is equal to the product of flow rate and pressure. Radiative intensity or energy flux is defined as luminosity or this quantity per unit area. In rotational systems, it can be calculated as the dot product of torque and angular velocity, while in kinematics it is simply given by force times velocity. For 10 points, name this physical quantity equal to the work done per unit time, often measured in Watts.
Output: Science
His 1861 paper On Physical Lines of Force set forth a spinning cell model of electromagnetic induction, and that same year he accidentally showed the worlds first color photograph at a Royal Institution lecture. Other accomplishments include producing a standard for electrical resistance and deducing the particulate nature of Saturns rings. His demon tried to violate the second law of thermodynamics, his distribution is central to statistical mechanics, and his relations equate the second derivatives of thermodynamic potentials. For 10 points, name the Scottish physicist whose equations unified electricity and magnetism.
Output: Science
the real version) The highly finished quality of this artist's oeuvre was influenced by his early training under goldsmith Antonio di Giovanni Dei, later exemplified in the silverwork of his Beheading of St. John the Baptist. The title creature grips a dolphin and stands on one leg in this artist's Winged Putto, (+) while Elena Capretti asserts that his Lady with Primroses was "the first portrait bust ever to be sculpted with complete arms and hands". A life-size wooden and leather model earned him the commission for a famous work begun in 1479. In another work, Christ pulls aside his robe to reveal a chest wound to an onlooking saint (*) in a sculpture for a niche at the Orsanmichele, The Incredulity of Saint Thomas. God releases a dove towards Jesus, who is standing in a small pool of water in this artist's Baptism of Christ altarpiece, created with the help of a student. FTP, name this Florentine painter and sculptor of Equestrian Monument to Bartolomeo Colleoni, the teacher of Ghirlandaio, Botticelli and Leonardo da Vinci.
Output: Fine Arts
The electron dipole moment of this particle is at most three times ten to the negative 26th, and would violate CPT-symmetry if it is non-zero. This particle has a half-life of 881 seconds, and can break up into a proton, an electron and an electron antineutrino via beta decay. This particle is composed of one (*) up and two down quarks, and nuclear fission is initiated by the bombardment of this particle. The number of this particle dictates what isotope an atom is, and they have mass roughly equal to that of a proton. James Chadwick discovered, for ten points, what particle found in the nucleus, which, as its name suggests, has a net charge of zero
Output: Science
This collection contains the poems "Farewell to Barn and Stack and Tree" and "It nods and curtseys and recovers". One poem in this collection ends by saying "I cheer a dead man's sweetheart/never ask me whose. " Another poem in this collection says that (*) "The heart of the bosom was never given" while another notes that one should "Train for ill and not for good. " For ten points, identify this collection containing "When I was one and Twenty" and "Terence, this is Stupid Stuff," by A. E. Housman.
Output: Literature
It was damaged by earthquakes in the 16th and 17th century, and by Operation Husky. It was home to Ibn Hamdis, who was born there during a period of Muslim occupation. Under the leadership of Gelo and later, Hieron, arts flourished, and his theater attracted the "tenth muse" and a tragedian who wrote The Women of Aetna in his honor. A colony of Corinth, it waged war with Carthage, only to ally with Carthage against Rome in the Second Punic War. It withstood a Roman siege due, in part, to an inhabitant's Claw, who was killed when the city was finally taken. For 10 points, name this city, where Sappho lived in exile, and home to Archimedes, located on the island of Sicily.
Output: History
One character in this novel remembers she last saw a man exactly 199 days earlier by referencing her diary in which she catalogues the characters from novels she has read. A man skips the "bird-chasing" festival in which children build a ten-foot tall palace to live in for one night. At the end of this novel the protagonist feels as though the Milky Way flows into him after watching a cocoon-warehouse burn down from an accident while it was being used a movie theater. The primary female character lives in the house of a paralyzed music teacher whose ailing son Yukio is nursed by Yoko. This novel's protagonist is an expert on Western ballet and comes to the title region for its hot springs. For 10 points, name this novel in which the geisha Komako falls in the love with the elderly Shimamura, written by Yasunari Kawabata.
Output: Literature
One photographer from this country took a series of pictures of Grand Central Station with crepuscular rays pouring in from the upper windows. Photographs of the Paris art scene by that man from this country include one of Picasso sitting next to an enormous stove. A A possibly-staged photograph taken by another man from this country shows a soldier in suspenders losing control of a rifle in his outstretched right arm. A Life magazine staffer royally fucked up a series of photos taken by that photographer at Omaha Beach. This country was home to the photographer of The Falling Soldier and The Magnificent Eleven. One photographer from this country created Underwater Swimmer, the artistic predecessor of his Distortion series. This country was home to Robert Capa, as well as the photographer who took the pseudonym Brassai. "The New Vision" was a term coined by an artist from this country. For 10 points, name this home of Laszlo Moholy-Nagy and Andre Kertesz.
Output: Fine Arts
The narrator of this work uses an analogy of hitting a wall to differentiate between the ways intellectual men and direct men enact revenge. During an episode of fever, the narrator visits his superior Anton and sits in silence with him and his family for hours. After a police officer refuses to throw the narrator out of the window of a billiards parlor, he writes a satirical novel about the officer that is rejected because its style is outdated. He calls on an old schoolmate named Simonov, who is holding a farewell dinner for another of their old schoolmates, Zverkov, that he attends. He follows Zverkov to a brothel where he meets the prostitute Liza, who abandons him after he falls in love with her. FTP name this short existential novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky.
Output: Literature
novel by this author describes Fusha's illegal rubber business and the policeman Lituma, whose wife Bonifacia becomes a prostitute after his arrest. Another work by this author describes Ambrosio Pardo and Santiago Zavalita, who choose to attend a school for the lower class rather than the elite. He wrote about Cava, who breaks a window while stealing a chemistry exam key for The Circle at the Leoncio Prado Military Academy in one novel. Another novel by this author of The (*) Green House and Conversation in the Cathedral contains stories about a rodent exterminator and a soccer referee, which are told on every second chapter, alternating with the semi-autobiographical tale of a young man who fall in love with a much older relative. For 10 points, name this author of The Time of the Hero who created Mario and Pedro Camancho in Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter.
Output: Literature