niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Early in his career, he wrote a large body of concertos for varying instruments including bassoon, oboe, recorder, and mandolin. These were written during his many years at the Ospedale della Pieta, a Venetian orphanage where he was violin master. Later he served as Maestro di Cappella in Mantua, where the countryside inspired his most famous work. FTP name this man known as the Red Priest, the composer of The Four Seasons.
Output: Fine Arts
In one myth, this god fails in his attempts to court his wife until he seduces her in the guise of a cuckoo. He tricks another of his lovers into turning into a fly, then swallows her, only to find out that she was pregnant and that his daughter is causing him a massive headache. In another myth, this god draws lots with his brothers to see who controls the sky, the sea, and the underworld after he castrates and overthrows his father Cronus. For 10 points, name this philandering leader of the Greek gods who is married to the jealous Hera.
Output: Social Science
This ruler planned to have a gold-plated statue of himself placed on the tomb of Edward the Confessor. Instead, posthumous monuments to this man included recumbent effigies created by Pietro Torrigiano. Polydore Vergil thought that "avarice" defined the last years of this ruler, who was advised by men like Thomas Savage and Richard Empson. After a youth spent in exile in Brittany, this Earl of Richmond carried a red dragon standard when he landed at Milford. The support of the previously neutral Stanleys brought victory to this man's army in Leicestershire, making it possible for him to marry Elizabeth of York and end the Wars of the Roses. For 10 points, the Battle of Bosworth Field was won by what first Tudor king of England and father of a king with six wives
Output: History
This character's name means "head" in the Nadsat language that droogs speak in A Clockwork Orange. One man whom he meets is the solitude-seeking Portuguese captain Pedro de Mendez. He becomes embroiled in a war fought between two neighboring countries over whether eggs should be cracked from the big or little end. This surgeon visits a country in which horses lead men, called Hounyyhmms. His adventures lead him to Luggnagg, Lilliput, and Brobdignag. For 10 points, name this character whose "Travels" title a satirical novel by Jonathan Swift.
Output: Literature
A prologue by this author decries singing of wars, of captains, and of kings, Of cities founded, commonwealths begun. This poet whined My burning flesh in sweat did boil in a poem about a fever, and in another poem wrote of piteous shrieks of dreadful voice and fearful sound of fire and fire. This author of Verses Upon the Burning of Our House addressed one collection as an ill-formed offspring of my feeble brain, and opened another poem with the line If ever two were one, then surely we. For 10 points, name this poet who included The Author to Her Book and To My Dear and Loving Husband in her collection The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America.
Output: Literature
In one of his most famous drawings, one of the title figures wears a cap and holds a brush while the other stands behind him and looks interested in his work. In one of his paintings, a street is thronged with people walking on stilts, rolling hoops, sitting on barrels, and engaging in other forms of the titular activities. In addition to The Painter and the Buyer and Children's Games, he produced drawings to be engraved by Hieronymous Cock, such as Big Fish Eat Little Fish. His later works include The Magpie on the Gallows, while his religious works include The Procession to Calvary and The Adoration of the Kings. His light-hearted works include The Battle Between Carnival and Lent and the Peasant Wedding, while he was more severe in The Triumph of Death. FTP, name this Flemish artist of Landscape with the Fall of Icarus.
Output: Fine Arts
Because the mother of the protagonist of this work believes some names are too poor and others unheard of, her son is thus named after his father, whereupon the protagonist cries and makes a grimace. Despite being mocked by his co-workers, the protagonist is later invited to tea with an official, after which he is accosted in a square after midnight. Later on, the protagonist is advised to go to a prominent personage, whose disgust with the protagonist's low rank prevents him from finding out that the title item, made by Petrovich, has been stolen. Akaky Akakievitch haunts St. Petersburg to recover the titular lost garment at the end of, FTP, which short story by Nikolai Gogol
Output: Literature
of his short stories describes an expert huntsman who is attracted to Arina Timofeyevna, and in another short story, Vassily Vasilych describes his suffering to the narrator before comparing himself to the titular Shakespearean character. In another work one of the protagonists feuds with his companion's uncle Pavel, and that protagonist is earlier rejected when he confesses his love for Anna Sergeevna. The former collection contains such stories as "Yermolai and the Miller's Wife" and "Hamlet of the Schigrovsky District," while in the latter novel, Arkady is enthralled with the nihilistic theories of Bazarov. For 10 points, identify this author of A Sportsman's Sketches and Fathers and Sons.
Output: Literature
In one novel with this adjective in the title, The Marshal is stricken with the title illness and not cured by Dr. Galen, while another sees Arabella March face off with Adam Salton, who uses dynamite to destroy the title creature. In addition to a Karel Capek novel about a plague of this type, and Bram Stoker's The Lair of the [this] Worm, this color describes the jacket of a sailor on the Neversink in a Melville work and a woman in a (*) Wilkie Collins novel, as well as titling a novel about Jack Gladney, a professor of Hitler Studies. For ten points, identify this color which accompanies "Noise" in the title of a Don DeLillo work, the color of a man whose burden was discussed by Rudyard Kipling.
Output: Literature
The increase in this quantity due to high frequency caused by Foucault currents manifests itself as the skin effect. Cooper pairs appear when this quantity goes to zero. The reciprocal of this quantity is measured in siemens, and, when working with AC circuits, it is known as impedance. A circuit consisting of four of its namesake devices with a galvanometer in the middle, known as a Wheatstone Bridge, can be used to measure this quantity. Joule's First Law states that current squared times this is equal to power. For 10 points, name this electrical quantity which, when multiplied by current, yields the voltage drop across its namesake device.
Output: Science
One character in this opera describes his daughter as "Pura siccome un angelo" and another performs "Noi siamo zingarelle" at Flora's house. In the last scene of this opera, a trip is planned in the aria "Parigi, o cara. " Earlier in this opera, the joys expressed in "De' miei bollenti spiriti" are short-lived after the singer learns from the maid Annina that the title character has sold some jewelery. Baron Douphol challenges the male lead to a duel, shortly after the elder Germont and his son sing "Di Provenza il mar. " Dr. Grenvil looks over the title character, who faints in the arms of Flora, but had earlier joined Alfredo in the drinking song "Libiamo, ne' lieti calici. " FTP, name this Verdi opera in which Violetta succumbs to consumption.
Output: Fine Arts
reality program Murder in Small Town X was set in this state. The possibly first American Indian professional baseball player, "Chief" Sockalexis, was born in this state, while another resident of this state asked "Are you going to vote to have a war or not" to Yuri Andropov. That resident was the schoolgirl Samantha Smith. A film featuring Betty White as the vulgar Mrs. Bickerman and involving killer crocodiles is not set in New York's Lake Placid, but actually in this state. This state is home to such fictional residents as Sheriff Mort Metzger and Dr. Seth Hazlitt, who assist Jessica Fletcher in solving mysteries, while a medical doctor named Benjamin Franklin "Hawkeye" Pierce is also from this state. Featuring such fictional cities as Cabot Cove and Crabapple Cove, this state is also the setting of much of the writings of Sarah Orne Jewett and Stephen King. For 10 points, name this New England state with capital at Augusta.
Output: Social Science
In one part of this work Petronella Proud-Heart gives away her expensive fur clothes and a wrathful man describes how he started false rumors that Clarice's father was a cuckold and Sister Parnel was a whore while working as a cook at a convent. In this work Ymaginatif discusses proverbs from ancient poetry comparing the rich man to a peacock and the humble man to a lark after a scene where the emperor Trajan describes his deathbed. At the beginning of this work a group of rodents gather to discuss their plans to put a bell around a cat's neck, while the narrator learns about the Tree of Charity growing inside every person and is lectured about the Dungeon of Wrong and the Tower of Truth by Lady Good Church before he witnesses Lady Mede attempt to marry False. The third section of this poem centers on the title character's quest to locate Do-Well, Do-Better, and Do-Best. Found in A, B, and C, versions, for 10 points, name this allegorical poem beginning in Malvern Hills in which the narrator "Will" has a vision of the title agricultural figure, written by William Langland.
Output: Literature
The Cotton-Mouton effect results when it is applied to liquids, while in solids its application results in the Voigt effect, sometimes known as its namesake birefringence. Applying it to metals induces the formation of Landau levels to allow for the measurement of Fermi surfaces, and the propagation of light along the direction of one results in an angular shift proportional to the Verdet constant and is known Faraday rotation. The Lorentz equation gives the force exerted by it on a moving charge, and it is divergence free and can be given as the curl of the vector potential. FTP, identify this field which can be calculated from Ampere's law, the counterpart of the electric field.
Output: Science
One work by this composer was written for cellist Wilhelm Fitzenhagen and includes seven variations on a rococo theme. One opera by this man includes a famous "letter scene" in which Tatyana writes to the title character, who kills Lensky in a duel. This composer of Eugene Onegin used the celesta to depict the "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy" in a work in which the title object leads an army of gingerbread soldiers. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of the ballets Swan Lake and The Nutcracker.
Output: Fine Arts
Marcus theory concerns their transfer, and Slater's rules are used to determine the amount they are shielded. In the DavissonGermer experiment, they were scattered off nickel targets, and Enrico Fermi is the namesake of a "sea" of them that can be present in the conduction band. Plates were set up to oppose the Earth's gravitational field and measure the charge of these leptons in Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment. Free radicals have an unpaired one of these particles, and the p subshell holds a maximum of six. FTP name these negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus of an atom.
Output: Science
Joseph Meacham and Lucy Wright helped organize this faith after the death of an illiterate founder who claimed to be Jesus' second incarnation. It grew out of a religious sect led by Jane and James Wardley that took many of its rituals from the Camisards. This faith experienced a revival during the "era of manifestations." This faith's communities at Watervliet, Hancock, and New Lebanon grew famous for manufacturing (*) simple furniture. Mother Ann Lee brought this faith to America, where its communities mostly died out by the early 20th-century thanks to its doctrine of celibacy. "Simple Gifts" is one of this faith's hymns. For 10 points, name this splinter sect from the Quakers that received its name because its adherents dance during worship.
Output: Social Science
author wrote a story where Lady Carlotta is mistaken for the governess Miss Hope and thus teaches children history under the titular "Schartz-Metterklume Method. " In another story, children are given toy figures of John Herschel and John Stuart Mill. This author of "The Toys of Peace" ended one story with "Romance at short notice was her speciality," referring to the fanciful story told to Framton Nuttel. In another story, Conradin's guardian is ultimately dispatched by his god, the titular pole ferret. For 10 points, name this witty British short story author, who penned such works as "Sredni Vashtar" and "The Open Window" under a one-word penname.
Output: Literature
This man's favorite dance choreographer was Josias Priest, and Thomas Betterton wrote many of his libretti, including Dioclesian His early career consisted mainly of music for plays, such as Tyrannick Love, The Virtuous Wife, and Epsom Wells, most of which he did under the tutelage of John Blow. He is known for a genre sometimes called semi-opera, among which are versions of The Tempest and Timon of Athens and an adaptation of a story by Robert Howard and John Dryden, The Indian Queen. One of his most famous works includes the arias Ah, Belinda and When I am Laid in Earth and another is based off of A Midsummer Night's Dream. FTP, name this English composer of Dido and Aeneas and The Faerie Queen.
Output: Fine Arts
One scene in this work relates the robbing of a convoy carrying birthday gifts after a group of seven people swear an oath of loyalty and disguise themselves as date traders. One character, nicknamed the Big Knife, leads an attack against the protagonists but is converted to their side after being captured, and at the end of this work the protagonists are hired by the government to put down the rebellion of Fang Xi. Focusing on the exploits of the 108 stars of destiny, FTP, name this novel that takes place near the end of the Song dynasty, in which a group of bandits centered at Mount Liang fight against the tyrannical Kao Chui and oppose a corrupt government.
Output: Literature
This quantity is the ratio between the mass of the electron neutrino and the mass of the muon neutrino. Andre Geims work suggests that the most exact value of this is equal to the amount of light absorbed by graphene divide by pi. The square of this is equal to the ratio of the rest mass of the electron and the Hartree energy, and many scientists have proposed studying the 21 centimeter line of the CMB to study the change over time of this quantity. The best estimate for it was obtained by considering the magnetic moment of an electron, and the Quantum Hall Effect has also been used to calculate its value. First proposed to account for the splitting of the spectral lines of the Hydrogen atom and famously miscalculated by Eddington, for 10 points, identify this constant approximately equal to 1 over 137.
Output: Science
The Admirality Mountains stand behind Cape Adare peninsula in Victoria Land, part of this desert. The Theron Mountains are found in the Coats Land regions of this desert, whose other regions include Wilkes Land, Adelie Land, and Queen Maud Land. Lakes in this desert include Ellsworth and Vostok, the largest subglacial lake. The highest point in this desert is Vinson Massif, and Mount Erebus is an active volcano in this desert. The Ross Sea and Weddell Sea border this continent which is covered by glaciers. For 10 points, name this continent at the South Pole.
Output: Social Science
In one work by this composer, the overture of a Richard Wagner opera is intentionally mangled as if being sight-read by a spa orchestra early in the morning. One of this composer's important early works is a setting of a fifteen-poem cycle about the life of the Virgin Mary, Das Marienleben. William Furtwangler's attempted staging of an opera by this composer eventually culminated in his resignation from the Staatsoper and Berlin Philharmoniker. Another work by this composer includes twelve fugues with eleven linking interludes and a prelude and postlude that are retrograde inversions of each other. This composer was a leading proponent of Gebrauchsmusik,  and often played in a trio with Szymon Goldberg and Emanuel Feuermann. Yet another work by this composer was written in just six hours upon hearing of the death of King George V and is scored for orchestra and viola, an instrument of which he was a master. That work is Trauermusik,  and other works include Ludus Tonalis and Symphonic Metamorphosis on Themes by Carl Maria von Weber. For 10 points, identify this righteous anti- dodecaphonist whose first symphony was based on themes from his opera Mathis der Maler.
Output: Fine Arts
He was brought up at the estate of Macellum in Cappadocia and as a youth converted to Neoplatonism. Ammianus Marcellinus describes him as a stocky, athletic type, which is confirmed by his statue in the Louvre. He defeated and expelled the Alemanni and the Franks, and was set to take on Constantius II, when Constantius died. After assuming power in 361, he ruled for only twenty months. FTP, identify this nephew of Constantine the Great who gained his nickname when he renounced Christianity and became a pagan.
Output: History
The Song of the Great Souls of the Earth is performed in scene ten of this play, and scene seven features a discussion of how the plans of great men are ruined by the littleness of their underlings. The story of Peter the Piper is recounted by the prostitute Yvette Pottier, who later pawns a flask to the Colonel. One of the main characters is executed for raiding a village, one is shot down when she tries to warn a town about an approaching army by beating on a drum, and another is captured when he tries to return the lieutenants cashbox. Eilif, Kattrin, and Swiss Cheese are the children of the title character who makes her living as a canteen woman during the Thirty Years War. FTP, name this play about Anna Fierling by Bertolt Brecht.
Output: Literature
Vocal in their beliefs, in England this group caused trouble by interrupting church services, refusing to pay tithes, and holding illegal meetings of their own. In 1827, this denomination split between followers of Elias Hicks and the conservative Orthodox ones. Their survival in America was largely due to William Penn, who declared religious tolerance in Pennsylvania. FTP name this Christian sect founded by George Fox.
Output: History
The penultimate section of this work was written with the injunction that "had my mother cooked meat, I would have remained longer. " That piece is a combination of two folk songs, and is followed by a section said to be "da capo. " The 10th section starts in the bass until the main subject is given in soprano in bar 9, and is titled a "Fughetta. " Wanda Landowska produced the first recording of it, written in an attempt to soothe the insomnia of Count Kayserling. Beginning and ending with a characteristic sarabande in 3/4 time, it contains a quodlibet in addition to the two arias. Famously performed with humming by Glenn Gould, FTP name this collection of 30 works for harpsichord named for its first performer, some variations written by J. S. Bach.
Output: Fine Arts
This artist painted a street sweeper and a woman in green holding her hands above her head in The Dead Man, and depicted blue figures and a seven-candle chandelier above a marriage ceremony in The Wedding Candles. One of his paintings shows a white Eiffel Tower behind himself painting, and another shows a man toting a sack an army advancing with red flags, and a burning place of worship around the central dying figure. This artist of White Crucifixion and Self Portrait with Seven Fingers painted some upside-down houses and a sheep facing a green man's face in another work. For 10 points, name this Belarussian who painted I and the Village.
Output: Fine Arts
In the Odyssey, the Scherians possess a group of these objects that respond to their owners' thoughts, and Poseidon turns one of these objects to stone after Odysseus reached Ithaca. Homer notes that ten mouths and ten tongues would not suffice to describe a group of these things in a passage that doubles as a (*) list of the Greek commanders. A poem by Apollonius of Rhodes notes that one of them had a component that could speak prophetically because its material was taken from Dodona. King Aegeus committed suicide because his son forgot to change color of a part of these objects from black to white. For 10 points, name this type of vessel that Theseus used to return from Crete to Athens.
Output: Social Science
One of this composers title characters sings the aria Quand le destin au milieu to convince the Countess of Berkenfield not to force her to marry the Duke of Crackenthorp. In another of his operas, Dr. Malatesta sings Bella siccome un angelo when describing a fictional sister to the title bachelor, while the self-proclaimed genius Dr. Dulcamara sells the title object of another opera to Nemorino to allow him to woo Adina. Another of his operas contains the sextet Chi mi frena, after which Edgardo curses the entire Lammermoor family. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of Daughter of the Regiment, Don Pasquale, LElisir dAmore, and Lucia di Lammermoor.
Output: Fine Arts
These compounds react with pyridine and 2,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene in the Zincke reaction. The first step of the Mannich reaction reacts formaldehyde with one of them, and the degree of these compounds is determined by reacting them with benzyl sulfonyl chloride in the Hinsberg test. The Ing-Manske reaction is one variant on a method for producing them which generally uses potassium phthalamide and alkyl halides; that is the Gabriel synthesis. Biological examples of them include alkaloids and norepinephrine, as well as aniline. For ten points, name these functional groups which contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons, generally derived from ammonia.
Output: Science
One character in this novel states that ""nine old men"" killed the NRA. Another character in this work is forced to read to Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose after wrecking her garden. In this novel, one character notes that another character, ""....gave us two soap dolls, a broken watch and chain, a pair of good-luck pennies, and our lives. "" That quote from this novel was a description of the actions of (*) Boo Radley by Scout. For 10 points, name this novel about the defense of Tom Robinson against false rape accusations by Atticus Finch, a work of Harper Lee.
Output: Literature
The Zohar cites Job 1:6 and Job 2:1 to establish a two-day framework for celebration of this holiday. The Talmud states that the prediction of ones losses during the next year occurs on this holiday, whose first afternoon includes the tashlikh, or recitation of prayer near flowing water. The days of awe precede this holiday, which is followed by the fast day of Gedalia. If this holiday lies on the Shabbat, the Shofar is not played, but gefilte fish, apples, and honey are served regardless. Occurring during Tishrei, the seventh month of the Jewish calendar, for 10 points, name this Jewish celebration of the New Year.
Output: Social Science
In 1878 Henry Rowland showed that this could be produced by spinning a vulcanite plate sandwiched between two glass plates. Zeeman showed that it could split spectral lines, useful in electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and a voltage difference is created by it applied perpendicularly to an electron flow in a conductor in what as known as the Hall effect. Purcell pedagogically described it as the relativistic side effect of electrons moving near one another, and the force on a moving charged particle is calculated by taking the cross product of the velocity and it. For 10 points, identify this field produced by a moving charge or a changing electric field measured in Tesla.
Output: Science
This man wrote about a creature that "launch'd forth filament, filament, filament" in a poem about a "noiseless patient spider." He wrote "Flood-tide below me! I see you face to face!" in his "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry." He published a "deathbed edition" of his continually revised masterpiece, which includes a poem beginning "I celebrate myself, and sing myself." For 10 points, name this American poet who included "Song of Myself" in his Leaves of Grass.
Output: Literature
This composer wrote a work, premiered by conductor Gustave Doret, which opens with a flute solo containing chromatic descents and ascents. This composer ended one of his suites with a fourth-movement French courtly dance called a passepied. During the rehearsals of one of this composer's pieces, the violinists tied handkerchiefs on the end of their bows in protest. This composer, who wrote three "symphonic sketches" that include "the play of the (*) waves," wrote a piece representing moonlight found in his Suite Bergamasque. Another of his pieces is a symphonic poem based on a Stephane Mallarme poem. For 10 points, name this French composer of the Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun, La Mer, and "Clair de lune."
Output: Fine Arts
One important figure in this conflict later led an expedition to drive Yaqub Beg out of Xinjiang. The lijin tax was instituted during this conflict. A massacre during it occurred when minister of state Yang Xiuqing attempted to seize power. Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang were among those to lead local armies during it. This rebellion began among the Hakka people, and it at first advocated the segregation of men and women and the abolishment of private property. The Hunan Army was raised to put down this rebellion and was led by Zeng Guofan. It originated with the God Worshippers Society, and this rebellions leader, Hong Xiuquan, claimed to be the brother of Jesus. For 10 points, name this mid-nineteenth century Chinese rebellion that attempted to establish a Heavenly Kingdom.
Output: History
The inverted right triangle design of the Dallas City Hall is characteristic of this man, who adapted the colonnade of St. Peters Basilica for Christopher Newport Univeritys Ferguson Center for the Arts. He first gained widespread notice in Boulder, Colorado where he designed the National Center for Atmospheric Research, and he would later be recognized by the Japanese government for his Miho Museum. His design for the JFK memorial library presages the structure of both the East Wing of the National Gallery of Art and the Rock n Roll Hall of Fame. FTP, identify architect, most famous for designing the Louvre Pyramid and the Bank of China in his country of birth.
Output: Fine Arts
The Aberdeen Head is considered to be a precursor to one of this artist's best known works. A legend claims that a stain on the thigh of one work came from a boy who tried to have sex with the statue because it was so lifelike. He showed a figure leaning on a tree trunk while resting his right forearm on his head in the Lycian Apollo, and he made another statue modeled from the famous courtesan Phryne. This sculptor depicted a boy preparing to strike a reptile climbing a tree in Apollo Sauroktonos and showed a woman modestly covering her genitals in Cnidian Aphrodite. His best-known work shows a god carrying a baby in his left arm. For 10 points, name this Attic sculptor who made Hermes and the Infant Dionysius.
Output: Fine Arts
It is an example of linear response theory, analogous to Fourier's law of heat transport, and thus there is a Kubo formula relating the proportionality constant in it to a two-point correlation function of electric currents. Diodes are prominent examples of materials that do not satisfy it, because they permit a flow of current in only one direction. This law can be derived from the Lorentz force with the assumption that there is a drag on charge carriers that is proportional to their velocity. Kirchoff formulated a continuum version of it equating current density to electric field times conductivity of a material. Its most familiar form states that the current through a conductor is proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to resistance. For 10 points, name this law that shares its name with the SI unit of electrical impedance.
Output: Science
bishop of this city who was converted from Protestantism was Melchior Klesl. Napoleon's troops under Jean Lannes and Joachim Murat took this city by convincing its defender, Prince Auersperg, that there was an armistice. (*) This city was defended from the Ottomans for a second time in 1683 by Jan Sobieski. Home to a meeting attended by Alexander I, Viscount Castlereagh, and Klemens von Metternich, for 10 points, name this capital of Austria.
Output: History
Although the author of this book claims that it is not urgent, this book advocates for the abolishment of families, while this book also argues that the most important social institution is self-respect. The second principle of the title concept of this book is that power and wealth are to be distributed equally except where inequalities would work for the advantage of all, and where all would have equal opportunity to attain the higher positions. This book was expanded upon in the an article which equated the title concept of this book with fairness. Another important concept in this book is the idea of the original position, in which people would be unaware of their position in society because of a veil of ignorance. For ten points, identify this book by the author of Political Liberalism, John Rawls.
Output: Social Science
A letter signed Belisarius detailed problems encountered by one side of this incident. Preceded by meetings at Hatfield, it resulted in the removal of judge William Whiting and state representative Moses Harvey. It ended with a defeat at Petersham, after which its leader fled to Vermont, as Governor James Bowdoin fielded an army led by Benjamin Lincoln and William Shepard. The Regulators had hoped to force the adjourning of the Springfield Supreme Court as they opposed the taxes they had to pay in the aftermath of the American Revolution. FTP, name this 1786-1877 rebellion of debtors against the imposition of taxes in Massachusetts.
Output: History
In one novel by this author, Professor Lidenbrock goes on a voyage with Hans and Axel during which they see mastodons and giant mushrooms before being shot out of a volcano. This author wrote The Mysterious Island as a sequel to a work about Aronnax who goes in search of a giant underwater beast, but is brought on board a submarine. In another work by this man, Phileas Fogg buys an elephant to complete his trip on time. For 10 points, name this author of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, Journey to the Centre of the Earth, and Around the World in Eighty Days.
Output: Social Science
In the Argonautica, Hera promises that this man and Medea will unite in the Elysian Fields, while some stories claim that after his death, his mother brought his remains to the island of Leuke. He was once wounded in a fight near the river Scamander against Asteropaeus. In one story, his whereabouts were revealed by Thestor, who sensed that he was on Scyros, disguised as a girl named Pyrrha in the court of Lycomedes. He fell in love with the Trojan princess Polyxena, while Helenus revealed the importance of this character's son with Deidamia, Neoptolemus. The death of his friend Patroclus inspires him to return to the Trojan War, where he eventually kills Hector in single combat. For 10 points, name this Greek hero, invincible except for his heel.
Output: Social Science
In the right of one of this man's paintings, spoked wheels with men attached are mounted upon poles, and a grotesquely stretched man hangs with head lodged between the limbs of a tree. In another painting by this artist, a knife hangs out a window above a card-player while a nearby man bites a pillar and someone defecates out of a window. In this artist's most famous work, a farmer plows and a ship passes by without (*) noticing the splashing legs of the drowning mythical figure. For ten points, identify this Flemish artist of The Triumph of Death, Netherlandish Proverbs, and Landscape with the Fall of Icarus.
Output: Fine Arts
One thinker from this country collaborated with Harry Prosch on the 1975 book Meaning and authored 1946's Science, Faith, and Society. A historian from this country authored Trade and Markets in the Early Empires as well as Dahomey and the Slave Trade. Another thinker from this country proposed an ideal solution to the Demarcation Problem termed the "sausage machine" and coined the concept of "Research Program" while being a dialectical philosopher of science. A Marxist from this country defined orthodoxy as adherence to method rather than outcome, and an economic historian from this country blamed the gold standard for WW2 and wrote that modern capitalism was an invention of the Industrial Revolution in his Great Transformation. For ten points, name this home country of Karl Polanyi, George Lukacs and Imre Lakatos, whose cities include Szekesfehervar and Budapest.
Output: Social Science
In 1949, this region's town of Asbestos saw the asbestos miners of the Thetford mine go on strike. Containing the autonomy-seeking region of Nunavik, it is home to the La Grande River, on whose shores is a hydroelectric plant named for former premier Robert Bourassa. This region, containing the Chic-Choc Mountains and Gaspe Peninsula, underwent a secularization called the (*) Quiet Revolution. A failed accord named for its Meech Lake strengthened calls for its sovereignty in 1987. For 10 points, name this Canadian province that borders Maine and hosted the 1967 World's Fair, or Expo '67, in Montreal.
Output: History
One of this artist's protgs became famous for his erotic self-portraits and most notably painted a 1915 version of Death and the Maiden. This artist depicted two naked embracing pregnant women in  frieze that he titled after the composer of the Moonlight Sonata, the Beethoven Frieze. This artist created a set of works entitled Medicine, Philosophy, and Jurisprudence for the University of Vienna, but he may be better known for a protrait of Adele Bloch or several paintings which include one of a green-vested, bare-breasted woman, the Judith series. He is best known for a painting partially inspired by the St. Apollinare in Classe near Ravenna, which also features an embracing couple. For 10 points, name this major influence on Egon Schiele and painter of The Kiss.
Output: Fine Arts
In 1879, he composed The Song of the Flea, a setting of part of Goethe's Faust. His early works include The Nursery and The Marriage, and the "Dance of the Persian Slaves" is featured in his opera Khovanshchina. Another opera, Sorochintsy Fair, was completed by Lyadov after his death in 1881. For 10 points, name this member of the Russian Five, best known for such works as Boris Gudunov, Night on Bald Mountain and Pictures from an Exhibition.
Output: Fine Arts
The original experiment to confirm it included scenarios dealing with the theft of beer in a store, an epileptic seizure, and a smoke-filled room. Along with the Caporeal Dilemma it is considered the most prominent example of social loafing. This theory was first put forth in a famous 1968 study by Darley and Latane, who were intrigued by the seemingly apathetic reaction to the murder of Kitty Genovese. FTP, name this psychological phenomenon in which individuals, in the presence of a group, are less likely to help a person in trouble.
Output: Social Science
A writer from this country created such heteronyms as Alvaro de Campos, Alberto Caeiro, and Bernardo Soares. The author of Message and The Book of Disquiet converses with Ricardo Reis in another work from here. Venus guides the protagonist to the Isle of Love in its national epic, The Lusiads. A writer from this country created a character who believes his death will thwart the establishment of Christianity in The Gospel According to Jesus Christ, as well as the doctor's wife, who is the only one to escape a sudden epidemic of blindness. For 10 points, name this country home to Jose Saramago.
Output: Literature
Read, Fordham, and Adler compiled the collected works of this man, whose first important work was a book on the psychology of dementia praecox. Drawn to psychology after attending the lectures of the pioneer Pierre Janet, he extended the definition of libido to apply to the totality of life' processes, and in 1923's "Psychological Types" introduced the concepts of introvert and extrovert. FTP, who was this Swiss psychologist, developer of the concepts of the collective unconscious and archetypes
Output: Social Science
Many of this artists paintings were commissioned in his hometown, where his The Disrobing of Christ still remains, and other works of this artists include The Trinity, and The Assumption of the Virgin. One of this artists last paintings depicts St. John standing in front of martyrs as they are saved and was entitled The Opening of the Fifth Seal, and was cut down in 1880. Though only two of his landscapes survive, one of them appears in the background of many of his other paintings, View of Toledo. For ten points, name this Mannerist painter from Crete, who is best known for The Burial of the Count of Orgaz.
Output: Fine Arts
This religion encourages the practice of Nit-nem, in which certain banis are meant to be read daily, and its adherents undergo baptism by drinking water. Those who have been baptized are called amritdhari, become a part of the Khalsa, and are permitted to wear items known as the (*) "Five K's," including kachera, referring to a specific type of cotton undergarment, kesh, and the kirpan, a curved dagger. Houses of worship in this religion, such as the Golden Temple, are known as gurdwaras, and its central religious text, compiled in the 1600s, is the Adi Granth. It has ten major holy figures, the last of which was Gobind Singh. For 10 points, identify this religion founded by Guru Nanak in the Indian state of Punjab.
Output: Social Science
Different versions of this phenomenon have been experimentally tested by Ives and Stilwell on hydrogen atoms in 1938. Cherenkov radiation and verification of the absence of a medium of transmission for light are important consequences of its relativistic formulation. Johannes Stark predicted that high velocity rays of positive ions will demonstrate it, while Buys-Ballot [BOYS-ba-LOH] first verified it in 1845. First described by an Austrian scientist in 1842, FTP, name this effect that explains why a moving observer perceives a wavelength different from the source wavelength.
Output: Science
In a poem by this man, Mary and Warren discuss an unreliable farm hand named Silas. Another poem by this man, published in North of Boston, describes apple trees that will never "eat the cones" of pine trees. In one poem, this man described the world ending in either fire or ice while another work states that "good fences make good neighbors." This poet of "Mending Wall" wrote a work in which the speaker chose a path that was "grassy and wanted wear," noting that he chose the one "less traveled by." For 10 points, name this American poet of "The Road Not Taken."
Output: Literature
Karl Popper claimed that this work undermines the "Open Society" in a work that details the "Spell" of its author. Its first section is comprised of Thrasymachus's critiques. Glaucon uses the story of the ring of Gyges in this work to illustrate the fact that man is inherently unjust. It contains the story of a group of shackled prisoners who see shadows against a wall. This work explains the Theory of the Forms with the Allegory of the Cave. For 10 points, name this Platonic dialogue, which also contains Socrates' description of an ideal state ruled by philosopher-kings.
Output: Social Science
A textual one by Douglas Hofstadter had characters join in a conversation about consciousness in an anthill. In his Le istitutioni harmoniche, Zarino divided them into sciolta and legata varieties, while Max Reger wrote them into his Hiller and Mozart Variations. One forms the beginning of the overture to The Bartered Bride, and another is featured in the famous middle of the overture to The Magic Flute. This heavily contrapuntal musical form that serves as the second half of a French overture and is paired with a prelude in each key in The Well-Tempered Clavier. For 10 points, name this music form also used by J. S. Bach in a series of organ works with a Toccata.
Output: Fine Arts
One model of the universe with no cosmological constant is named for de Sitter and this man, who also names a state of matter that exists at very low temperatures with Bose. This man posited the existence of ""light quanta"" in the photoelectric effect, but one of his most famous laws correctly accounted for an anomaly in the precession of Mercury. For 10 points, name this scientist who formulated the theories of relativity and is stated that E equals m c squared.
Output: Science
This composer collected a set of concertos dedicated to Vettor Delfino in his La Stravaganza. The Assyrian king Nebuchadnezzar sends Holofernes to seize the town of Bethulia in his only-surviving oratorio, Juditha triumphans. He wrote several compositions for the Ospedale della Pieta. Two violas in another of his works represent (*) barking dogs, and that set includes sections on singing cuckoos and a sleepy shepherd. Nicknamed "The Red Priest," this composer wrote The Contest Between Harmony and Invention, which includes "Spring" and "Winter" concertos. For ten points, name this Italian Baroque composer of The Four Seasons.
Output: Fine Arts
Jude Jordan wrote the libretto for a work by this composer based on an earthquake, I Was Looking at the Ceiling and Then I Saw the Sky. The movement "Negative Love" was set to the words of John Donne, while "Wild Nights" and "Because I could not stop for death" were poems by Dickinson set to music in his Harmonium. He wrote a two-part, 24-aria opera-oratorio that quotes Gabriela Mistral and Martin Luther. He composed an homage to the September 11 victims with "On the Transmigration of Souls," while another of his works sees the line "We'll teach those motherfuckers how to dance," before the iconic foxtrot in the Chairman Dance. FTP, name this composer of Nixon in China.
Output: Fine Arts
This equation can be generalized to a simplification of the Tafel equation when in the high overpotential region. That equation is called the Butler-Volmer equation; another generalization of this equation describes the equilibrium potential across a cell's membrane using all the ions that pass through and is named after [*] Goldman. In this equation, the ideal gas constant is multiplied by temperature and divided by the moles of electrons and the Faraday constant, and that ratio is multiplied by the natural log of Q. For 10 points, name this equation from electrochemistry which calculates the reduction potential of a cell, named after a German chemist.
Output: Science
In the late Middle Ages, this country was home to the "cutters," a proto-Protestant group, and the Judaizers, who preached that Christians should follow Old Testament codes. Recently, this country outlawed all evangelizing and publishing by the Jehovah's Witnesses. The issue of whether two or three fingers should be folded while making the sign of the cross led to thousands of deaths in this country during the Raskol era, when persecution of the Old Believers took place. Its later dissenting groups included the pacifistic "spirit-wrestlers" who fled to Canada. Patriarch Nikon was one of the most influential religious leaders in this country. For 10 points, the Dukhobors come from what country, which has historically claimed to be the protector of all the world's Orthodox Christians
Output: Social Science
In 1984, Alvin Ailey choreographed a work in memory of this musician "with love". This musician, whose early career involved collaboration with Jay McShann, borrowed the chord progression of "Honeysuckle Rose" for his "Scrapple From The Apple". During his lifetime, his best-selling album consisted of six standards including "Just Friends" and "Summertime" recorded with a string section; more influential, however, was his creation of a style known for its focus on improvisation and fast tempos. Known for "Ko-Ko", "Anthropolgy", "Now's The Time", and some groundbreaking collaborations with Dizzy Gillespie, for 10 points, name this heroin addict and founder of bebop, a jazz saxophonist commonly referred to as "Bird".
Output: Fine Arts
Acellular mesoglea are gelatin-like layers that separate the gastrodermis that line the gut in this phylum. This phylum may feature small ciliated swimming larvae called planula that are developed from the zygote in a class including members such as Oculina patagonica, whose bleaching is caused by Vibrio bacteria. That is the class Anthozoa. Another class has two body shapes, a polyp one that reproduces asexually and a medusa one that reproduces sexually. Name this phylum, for 10 points, which exhibits radial symmetry, possesses specialized stinging cells, and includes sea anemones and jellyfish.
Output: Science
man angered Isabella de l'Anguileme when he named his brother as the Comte de Poitou. He won a battle against Henry III and the Comte de la Marche before negotiating a truce with Hugh of Lusignan at Taillebourg Bridge. John of Ibelin helped this man to push Fakhr ad-Din to Damietta in his most famous initiative, which later saw the arrival of Alfonso of Poitou at Cairo. He was captured at the Battle of Farsikur during a war that he fought alongside his brother, Robert of Artois. This son of Blanche of Castille and was the leader of the Seventh Crusade. For 10 points, name this ruler from 1226 to 1270, the only French king to be canonized.
Output: History
The youngest son of Tancred de Hauteville ruled as Count of this region, and his nephew Bohemund was a leader of the First Crusade. One city in this island used a giant mirror to burn Roman ships attacking it, and was ruled by Agathocles as well as Hiero I. The disinformation campaign Operation Mincemeat preceded an Allied invasion of this island that was codenamed Operation Husky. Alcibiades urged for a disastrous Athenian invasion of this island, whose local population massacred Charles of Anjou's officials in an event known as this island's namesake vespers. For 10 points, name this location of Syracuse and Palermo, the largest island in the Mediterranean.
Output: History
This philosopher argued that man is distinguished from other animals by his "perfectibility" and discussed the ill effects of the progression from non-destructive to destructive modes of "self-love" in one work. That work by this philosopher describes the true founder of civil society as the first man to fence in a piece of land and proclaim, "this is mine." The most famous work of this author of Discourse on Inequality outlines a process in which humans give up their natural rights in favor of the general will, and begins with the line "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." For 10 points, name this Swiss philosopher who wrote The Social Contract.
Output: Social Science
The Act of Seclusion barred this man from holding office in one nation. Daniel Defoe wrote The True-Born Englishman in defense of this man. This man defeated much of his opposition with a victory at the Battle of the Boyne, and he agreed to the Bill of Rights. For 10 points, name this king of England who took power in the Glorious Revolution along with his wife Mary.
Output: History
This process produced the Clipperton zone and still occurs on both sides of the Gorda Ridges in the Mendocino zone. It began during the Jurassic period, and, according to the Vine-Matthews hypothesis, works against Earth's magnetic field by preserving remnants of previous magnetic polarities. The involvement of basaltic magma in this process is responsible for the characteristic "zebra skin" pattern of magnetism, and it creates the trenches which cause transform faults. The Benioff zones diverge from protrusions created by this process, which accounts for the lack of pre-Mesozoic minerals by constantly recycling material. For 10 points, name this process that occurs on the midocean ridge system and forms new crust.
Output: Science