niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
While establishing himself, he ruthlessly put down the rebellion of Mirza Hakim, as well as setting up his group of nava-rathna, or nine gems. He maintained a roving court, after trying to set up at Fatehpur Sikir, and part of this rulers territory was contested by Sikandar Sur and another part by the Hindu general Semu. Among his regents was Bayram Khan, and among his conquests were Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Bengal. His religious tolerance was evidenced by his repeal of the jirza tax on non-Muslims, and his establishment of the Din-i-llahi or Divine Faith. For ten points, name this Mughal emperor, grandson of Babur.
Output: History
In this novel, Lankes takes a coin from his left pocket and puts it in his right whenever he borrows a cigarette, and an attendant at the Maritime Museum commits suicide by impaling himself on the mast of the "Niobe" after falling in love with its wooden figurehead. Vittlar's testimony inadvertently implicates the protagonist in a murder after he finds the severed ring finger of Sister Dorothea. The protagonist of this novel plays in "The Onion Cellar" with Klepp and Scholle in a troupe of dwarves, can shatter glass with his scream, and refuses to grow after age three. For 10 points, name this novel in which Oskar Matzerath refuses to give up the title instrument, by Gunter Grass.
Output: Literature
This artist included depictions of the three Virtues in his design for the tomb of Antipope John XIII. He supposedly yelled "Speak!" at a bald statue he made of Habakkuk, which was nicknamed Zuccone and is located outside the Orsanmichelle. An unusually haggard wooden depiction of the title woman comprises this artist's Magdalene Penitent. This man sculpted an (*) equestrian statue of Erasmo da Narni, who was nicknamed the Honeyed Cat, or Gattamelata, while his best known work shows the title figure holding the sword of Goliath. For 10 points, name this Renaissance sculptor, whose version of the David is bronze.
Output: Fine Arts
The application of this process to electron-poor heteroaromatic hydrocarbons yields a Shapiro-type reaction product, and it may be used in stereospecific deuterium labeling. In a potassium decylate system, the addition of crown ethers accelerates the rate of this reaction. A variation of this reaction that gives rise to allylic alcohols is known as the Wharton reaction, while a one-pot variation of this reaction in ethylene glycol is known as the Huang-Minlon modification. Under strongly acidic conditions, its counterpart the Clemmenson reaction proceeds. FTP name this reaction with a hydrazone intermediate which reduces a carbonyl to an alkane by boiling it in a basic solution, named for two chemists.
Output: Science
One theory due to this person explains a characteristic minus-five-thirds wave number energy spectrum by positing the accumulation of Fourier modes in turbulent flows. This scientist's name is on that theory along with that of the man who discovered the phase space structures that explain it, which are bifrucations corresponding to period doubling. This physicist discovered that, at a value of the renormalized rest energy times e to the six pi squared over flavor number times renormalized coupling constant squared, the (*) coupling constant for an interaction becomes singular. This man's work with liquid helium II earned him a Nobel for his research into superfluidity, and he lends his name to the slowing of Langmuir waves over time in a plasma, his namesake "damping. " FTP, name this physicist who minimized the superconductor free energy in an order parameter to obtain a phenomenological theory of superconductivity named for him and Ginzberg.
Output: Science
During this battle, a bayonet charge by the 20th Maine, led by Joshua Chamberlain, helped defend one important hill. Besides Little Round Top, other areas of contest included Devil's Den and the Peach Orchard. The decisive action in this battle was a failed assault on Cemetery Ridge known as Pickett's Charge. For 10 points, name this Union victory after which Abraham Lincoln gave a namesake "address."
Output: History
He wrote a novel, Hebdomeros, the Metaphysician, which was published alongside the story Monsieur Dudrons Adventure. He depicted as Orpheus the poet of The Mirabeau Bridge and The Bestiary, while another work features an exaggerated bust of David juxtaposed with an orange glove. Similarly, a bust of Moses is depicted next to pineapples and bananas in Le Reve Transforme, which also features a train and his characteristic line of curved archways. A flagged tower is the subject of his Nostalgia of the Infinite, but better-known is a work depicting a girl with a hoop going up the titular roadway. FTP name this artist of Mystery and Melancholy of a Street.
Output: Fine Arts
While staying in Darstadt, he almost completely gave up music, only writing some concertos and the operetta Abu Hassan. His Konzertstuck for piano and orchestra is still played but not as popular as his piano solo Invitation to the Dance. This composer's musical career began with his Opus 1, Sechs Fughetten, which he wrote while being trained by Michael Haydn, brother of Joseph. His fame rests on three operas, and one anecdote relates how he learned English for his commission for one of them, Oberon, which followed 1823's Euryanthe. FTP, name this German best known for his opera Der Freischutz.
Output: Fine Arts
Tangier's disease leads to irregular export of this molecule from macrophages due to defective ABCA1 protein transporters. Overexpression of Rab9 can lead to restoration of its transport in NPC1-deficient cells and the StAR protein controls its transfer within the mitochondria. Mevalonate and squalene are precursors to this molecule that is prevalent in mammalian plasma membranes. Levels of it can be reduced with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, which are commonly called statins, an example of which is the drug Lipitor. For 10 points, name this steroid that attaches to lipoproteins such as HDL and LDL.
Output: Science
Molecules can only be used effectively for this purpose when they are above their Krafft temperature,   and low concentrations of these form a layer named for Irving Langmuir and Katharine Blodgett. These substances are often added to fluids flowing through pipes to prevent corrosion, and they are  added to windows and lenses to prevent them from fogging up. William Griffin and J. T. Davies  devised measurements of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of these substances, based on the fact  that molecules of these chemicals have soluble and insoluble ends. Name these chemicals, used in  soaps, which lower surface tension.
Output: Science
These things are commonly formed in vadose zones. Their cross-sectional area can be found using Darcy's Equation. Two notable ones in the United States are called the Mahomet and Ogallala. Pressure causes water to flow from them in an artesian well. For 10 points, name these porous rock formations that store ground water.
Output: Science
This artist depicted his girlfriend sitting on a bench on the beach near Dieppe in the painting By the Seashore. This artists paintings of Suzanne Valadon include Girl Braiding Her Hair and Dance at Bougival. A white-faced woman in a black-and-white striped dress gazes at the viewer while the man next to her looks off at an angle through opera glasses in his La Loge, also known as The Theater Box. Another of his paintings shows Gustave Caillebotte sitting backwards in a chair while this mans future wife Aline Charigot plays with a dog at a table in a balcony of the Maison Fournaise. For 10 points, name this Impressionist who depicted a Sunday evening at a restaurant in Montmartre in Bal du Moulin de la Gallette and also painted Luncheon of the Boating Party.
Output: Fine Arts
In astronomy, the Toomre Q parameter is inversely proportional to this property of a gas surface. The LaneEmden equation contains a theta term raised to some index, where the theta term measures this quantity. Polytropes are solutions to that equation in which pressure is dependent upon this quantity. Structures that are named after this quantity are driven by orbital resonances that are multiples of the forcing frequency, which is a Lindblad resonance. Lin and Shu proposed that those structures of this name solve the winding problem of the arms of spiral galaxies. The escape velocity for an object equals the speed of light when this quantity is equal to mass divided by the volume of a sphere given by the corresponding Schwarzschild radius. For 10 points, identify this quantity, often designated rho, that is extremely high for black holes, because matter has been squeezed together so tightly.
Output: Science
He developed the "chicken-claw" floor plan for his theorized "Cartesian skyscraper. " His buildings include the Curuchet House in Argentina, and he and Nicolai Kolli designed Moscow's Tsentrosoyuz Building. His three furniture types include "type-needs" and "human-limb," and he helped reconstruct the port of Marseilles, which included his first Unite d'Habitation. He enumerated his "five points" in his Towards a New Architecture, and other works of his include a concrete church in Ronchamp and a house mounted on piloti, typical of his International Style. For 10 points, name this Swiss-French architect of the Notre Dame du Haut and the Villa Savoye.
Output: Fine Arts
Very early in this playwrights career, he had moderate success with I Rom and a play about the religious reformer Olaus Petri. One of his plays treats the theme of never knowing if your father is really your father, and features the characters of the Captain and Bertha. This author wrote a play about Arkenholz entitled The Ghost Sonata, and after an experience known as his Inferno, he also wrote one simply entitled A Dream Play. In one of this mans best known plays, one of the characters dreams of robbing a birds nest of its eggs. That character, Jean, triumphs over the title character, a member of the third sex. For ten points, identify this native of Stockholm, a playwright most notable for Miss Julie.
Output: Literature
One of this philosopher's thought experiments sparked the introduction of the quus function. An extended quote from Augustine's Confessions that illustrates the power of words opens one of his books, which considers the example of a man who has a note reading "five red apples." This man's doctoral dissertation consisted of (*) seven parts and introduced its author's logical atomism. That work by this thinker states "The world is all that is the case." This man used the "beetle in the box" thought experiment to consider whether a private language is consistent with reality in his book Philosophical Investigations. For 10 points, name this Austrian philosopher who wrote Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus.
Output: Social Science
The principle of equalization of this quantity states that for a chemical compound, this quantity is the geometric mean of that of the compound's constituent elements. That principle was developed by Sanderson, who defined this quantity as an atom's (*) electron density divided by its expected electron density. Mulliken defined this quantity as the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and electron affinity. The square root of the ionic resonance energy is the definition of this quantity provided by Linus Pauling. For 10 points, name this ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself in a bond.
Output: Science
This collaborater of Colonel Seves achieved a great triumph in the Citadel massacre. This man's ambissions led Mahmud II to accept Russian mediation which led to the Peace of Kutahia, but he finally achieved virtual independence from his sovereign following the Battle of Nizip in 1839. His son Ibrahim won a great victory at Konya but was defeated at by a combined Russian, British, and French force at Navarino. Famous for destroying the Mamelukes, FTP, name this Albanian-born viceroy of Egypt, who ruled it from 1805 to 1848.
Output: History
One story tells of his encounter with the nymph Carna, who beguiled suitors into a cave but ran away after promising to make love to them. However, this god caught her, after which she granted him her favors, for which he gave her the power to chase away vampires. His son Tiberinus gave the river Tiber its name after drowning in it. After Tarpeia betrayed the Romans to the Sabines, he saved the Romans by flooding the gates; appropriate, since he was the god of gates and doors, as well as beginnings and endings. FTP, who was this Roman god best known for having two faces
Output: Social Science
This quantity can be calculated for water with the Arden Buck equation, which is a recent improvement over the Goff-Gratch equation. Thermogravimetry can be used to calculate this value for solids, and it is related to the molar volume, surface tension, and droplet radius in the Kelvin equation. Another equation relates two values of this quantity to the enthalpy of vaporization and temperature, and is named for Clausius and Clayperon, while this value is modified by mole fractions of species in solution in Raoult's Law. For 10 points, name this measure of a liquid's tendency to evaporate, which, when it exceeds atmospheric pressure, results in boiling.
Output: Science
The king was almost convinced to aid the Dutch in their rebellion against rival Spain. The Queen Mother saw France in no position to intervene. So she came up with a plan. She invited dozens of nobles to her niece's wedding, and pressured her son, Charles IX, to get rid of them all. De Coligny, Henri de Navarre, and hundreds of Protestant nobles and peasants were butchered in chaos which would spread throughout France and effectively diminish the strength of the French Reformation. For ten points, give the name this outburst of violence.
Output: History
One event in this conflict involved the attempted peaceful extrication of a ruler from a house in which hundreds of members of the retrieving force were killed, also known as the Skirmish of Bender. One treaty signed during this war handed over its instigator, the Livonian Johann Patkul, and replaced Augustus the Strong on the throne. That treaty of Altranstadt forced Poland to stop fighting in this war. A battle in this war taking place west of the Vorskla River saw 17,000 Swedes lose to an army that underwent great modernization following its defeat at Narva in this war. For 10 points, name this conflict ended by the Treaty of Nystad which included the battle of Poltava and which pitted Charles XII against Peter the Great.
Output: History
A skeleton steers a boat with a yellow sail in this artist's painting Death at the Helm. This artist depicted a ghostly girl in white, a naked woman with red hair, and an ashen-faced woman wearing a black robe in Woman in Three Stages. His self portraits include ones after Spanish influenza and with a skeletal arm, and he portrayed a woman with a red halo in his painting Madonna. Three figures in black suits and huge eyes appear in his painting Anxiety, whose undulating red sky also appears in the background of his painting of a figure holding his hands to his face. FTP, name this expressionistic Norwegian painter of The Scream.
Output: Fine Arts
One document named for this city concluded the Albigensian Crusade. Another signed thirty years later relinquished Henry III's claim to Normandy and Anjou. One treaty named after this city ended the Crimean War. Under the conditions of another treaty with this name, Spain ceded Guam to the United States. A treaty with this name acknowledged the independence of the Thirteen Colonies. For 10 points, name this city that gave its name to treaties that ended both the Spanish-American and the Revolutionary Wars.
Output: Social Science
A spherical harmonic can be decomposed into N times an exponential times the associated Legendre polynomial of THIS function. The wavelength shift in Compton scattering is equal to the Compton wavelength times one minus this function. The square of this function appears multiplied by the incident intensity to give the emitted intensity of a polarizer in (*) Malus' Law. This function appears on the top left and the bottom right entry on the standard 2 by 2 rotation matrix. For a block on an incline, this function multiplied by the force of gravity gives the magnitude of the normal force. For two vectors, the dot product is equal to their magnitude multiplied by this function of the angle between them. For 10 points, name this function which is also used to find the x-component of a given vector.
Output: Science
The majority opinion in this case quotes Palko v. Connecticut in declaring the central matter a freedom implicit in the concept of ordered liberty. The majority opinion in this case also declared that There is no war between the Constitution and common sense. Harlan led a dissent that stressed this cases decision as an assault on stare decisis. This cases decision was based on Boyd v. United States, and it extended the limitations placed on the Federal Government by Weeks v. United States. This case overturned Wolf v.Colorado in expanding the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable search and seizure to state governments. For 10 points, name this case which cemented the place of the exclusionary rule.
Output: History
In the first act of this opera, the housekeeper Berta lets in a man acting like a drunken soldier, who is not arrested when he reveals his identity to the police. That disguised character also pretends to be the student Lindoro and the music teacher Don Alonso, the latter in place of Don Basilio. The title character of this opera is first seen singing about his importance in the aria (*) ""Largo al factotum. "" For 10 points, name this Rossini opera in which Don Bartolo's ward Rosina is married to Count Almaviva through the trickery of the title servant, Figaro.
Output: Fine Arts
Lawrence Henderson established a group named for this man at Harvard University in 1932, which counted George Homans and Talcott Parsons among its members, while M. J. Farrell developed a principle of data analysis that is named for this man and Tjalling Koopmans. The first theorem of welfare guarantees that every competitive equilibrium outcome will satisfy the condition named for him, and a more generic interpretation of that condition, which factors in compensation between parties, is named for Hicks and Kaldor. A rule which states that 80% of the effects can be attributed to 20% of the causes is known as his "80-20" principle. For 10 points, identify this economist, the author of Mind and Society who lends his names to a condition where no agent can be made better off without making another agent worse off.
Output: Social Science
This author wrote about Larry, who has to push the wheelchair of the aging politico Juan Ramirez in a nursing home. In one of this author's novels, the aging sculptures Gladys forms a sadomasochistic pair with her younger lover In addition to Eternal Curse on the Reader of These Pages and The Buenos Aires Affair, this author wrote about Big Fanny, who kills her unborn child, in addition to the tubercular Juan Carlos Etcheparre. In one of this author's novels, the protagonist Toto writes an essay about the film The Great Waltz, which features the title actress, while in another, Valentin is a political prisoner who is told stories about movies from the effeminate Molina. For ten points, identify this novelist who wrote Heartbreak Tango, Betrayed by Rita Hayworth and The Kiss of the Spider Woman, a writer from Mexico.
Output: Literature
It sparked a sermon entitled On the Beauties of Liberty by John Allen, a pastor at the Second Baptist Church, which was widely disseminated. The tragically named Governor Wanton issued a reward of one hundred pounds for the capture of the perpetrators, who were led by Abraham Whipple, while Captain John Linzee offered the survivors shelter on board the Beaver. Hes not to be confused with Benjamin Lindsay, the captain of the sloop Hannah, whose attempts to evade paying customs indirectly led to it. The resulting Royal Commission of Inquiry, outside of local jurisdiction, was attacked as a British kangaroo court by Whigs who demanded a trial in Rhode Island. For ten points, name this 1772 incident in which a British warship was burned by angry patriots.
Output: History
The operas Fierrabras and Alfonso and Estralla are among the works of this composer, whose four-handed piano works include his "Grand Duo" sonata and his Fantasia in F minor. This composer of the piano trio Notturno chose to double the cellos in his string quintet in C major, while another of his works utilized another work of his previously based on a poem by Matthias Claudius. This composer of the "Death and the Maiden" quartet also wrote the incidental music to Rosamunde and utilized both the double bass and the piano in a work describing its title creature eluding a fisherman. FTP, name this Austrian composer of the Trout Quintet, several lieder, and his eighth and "Unfinished" Symphony.
Output: Fine Arts
This work derides a view of relationship as that of direct report, calling it the most nave view, while one section of this work concludes with a discussion of the meanings of kill and begat. This work claims that for a term to be significant, it must be either a name of a sense datum or a compound of such names or an abbreviation of such a compound. This works first section draws attention to the difference between No unmarried man is married and No bachelor is married, going on to discuss synonimity, which it defines in terms of interchangeable truth values. This work is also notable for eliminating the boundary between analytical and synthetic though, which are the two title concepts. For ten points, identify this work which has also appeared in From a Logical Point of View, the best known essay by Willard Van Orman Quine.
Output: Social Science
The subject of one portrait by this artist is depicted signing a decree to give the city of Liege money for reconstruction. A nymph begs the title god for intervention as Juno looks on from the left in one painting by this artist. This artist of Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul and Jupiter and Thetis did a painting of a woman in red with a sword and a woman in green with an oar sitting beneath a writer being (*) crowned by Nike. A nude lady holds on to a peacock feather and the edge of a blue curtain as she looks back toward the viewer in another painting by this artist that famously gives her too many vertebrae. For 10 points, name this French Neoclassical painter of the Apotheosis of Homer and the Grande Odalisque.
Output: Fine Arts
A Thomas Cole painting named after this work shows a maiden prostrating herself before an outdoor shrine to the Virgin Mary. The poem references Michael Draytons The Owle in its image of a bee with honied thie, and hails Thrice-Great Hermes, who also out-watches the bear, meaning he never sleeps. Its speaker feels the presence of the Genius of the Wood as he wakes, and desires to walk the studious Cloysters pale. The speaker calls upon a goddess who descends from Vesta to go with him along with Peace and Quiet, and the speaker concludes of her I with thee with choose to live. At the beginning of this poem, the poet welcomes the goddess Melancholy, and it opens with Hence vain deluding joyes. For 10 points, name this John Milton poem, the brooding companion piece to LAllegro.
Output: Literature
In one story, this god's wife stole gold from a statue of him, prompting him to go into exile. Among his possessions are the golden throne from which he can see the entire world and a ring that multiplied itself every night. This son of Borr and brother of Vili and Ve also owns a spear that never misses its target, Gugnir, and the eight-legged horse Sleipnir. He will be killed by the wolf Fenrir at Ragnarok and he also obtained perfect wisdom by trading one of his eyes to drink from Mimir's well. For 10 points, name this leader of the Aesir, a chief Norse deity.
Output: Social Science
Substitutions of an alanine at position 143 or a histidine at position 175 allow this protein to bind to hsp70. Its L2 loop binds to an ankyrin repeat of a protein homologous to ASPP1. Wip-1 reduces the activity of this protein by dephosphorylating MAP kinase. The C-terminal RING finger motif of one protein promotes ubiquitination of this protein, while the N-terminal domain of that MDM-2 protein binds to it. Inheritance of only one copy of the gene coding for it leads to Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Human cancers typically involve mutations in either the retinoblastoma pathway or the pathway involving this protein. For 10 points, name this tumor suppressor, the "guardian angel of the genome. " 
Output: Science
This artist used a Claude Lorrain painting as the basis for his Dido Building Carthage. Spectators on the banks of the Thames watch a blazing fire in his The Burning of the House of Lords and Commons. This artist showed a tugboat hauling away a British naval vessel that had served in the Battle of Trafalgar. Another work by him (*) supposedly depicts a rabbit crossing in front of an extremely obscure and clouded train. For 10 points, name this painter of the works The Fighting Temeraire and Rain, Steam and Speed.
Output: Fine Arts
One of these objects is coordinate system invariant if its components contra-vary with the change of basis. Three of them form the standard basis for a three-dimensional Euclidean space. They can be added using the parallelogram rule, and the right-hand rule is used to determine the direction of the cross product of two of them. They also have a dot product, the result of which is a scalar. For 10 points, name these objects which have both magnitude and direction.
Output: Science
The basal nucleus of Meynert contains large amounts of this substance, and antibodies destroy this substance's receptors in myasthenia gravis. Galantamine inhibits its breakdown. It has ionotropic and G protein-coupled receptors called (*) nicotinic and muscarinic, respectively. This molecule is released in pre- and post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons, as well as at the motor end plates of skeletal muscle. A deficiency of it was proposed as a cause of Alzheimer's disease, which is treated using inhibitors of its namesake esterase. For 10 points, name this neurotransmitter that mediates neuromuscular interactions.
Output: Science
William de Sitter described a general relativistic correction to it in 1916. The Thomas variety of this process is a correction to the spin-orbit interaction in an atom, and Larmor described this process happening to magnetic moments in the presence of an external field. The Lense-Thirring effect causes this to occur near massive objects, and Poinsots Ellipsoid is an example of the torque-free variety. The Earth undergoes this process with a period of 26000 years, and tidal forces in the form of nutation perturb it. For ten points, identify this general physical process in which the angular momentum vector of an object rotates.
Output: Science
His obsession with death and Hell is most evident in his works from Weimar such as Totentanz, the Dante Symphony, and the Faust Symphony. He is credited with the invention of the symphonic poem and the piano recital. His unrivaled mastery of the piano is evident in his Sonata in B Minor, Paganini Etudes, and Transcendental Etudes. FTP name this Hungarian pianist who composed the Hungarian Rhapsodies.
Output: Fine Arts
For small values of x, the nth one of these can be represented by the quantity x over 2 to the nth power times one over the gamma function of n plus 1. The first spherical one is known as the unnormalized sinc function, while the second kind of these are also referred to as Neumann functions, and complex linear combinations of the first and second kind are called Hankel functions. The Riccati variety of these are used to deal with problems arising in Mie scattering, while the graph of the first and second kinds resemble decaying oscillations. Used for many problems in wave propagation, such as modeling the vibrations of a drum head, FTP identify these functions named after a German astronomer and usually represented by the letters Y and J.
Output: Science
One work by this artist shows a disembodied man take off his hat to reveal another one beneath it, Hat in the Hand, Hat on the Head. Drawing from Francis Picabia, he created the absurdly-titled Gramineous Bicycle Garnished with Bells the Dappled Fire Damps and the Echinoderms Bending the Spine to Look for Caresses in the collage genre. He often used dead birds in his paintings because his sister was born the same day a pet bird of his died, as recounted in his memoir, Views. Sculptured heads are placed on living bodies in his The Rendezvous of Friends, while a headless female nude extends her arm towards a semi-mechanical animal in Elephant Celebes. Also remembered for painting Two Children Are Threatened by a Nightingale, his Europe after the Rain makes use of a technique he discovered by tracing out paper on floorboard. FTP, name this German Surrealist who invented the frottage technique of painting.
Output: Fine Arts
In his early works, he argued that behavior creates environment, as well as the converse, a principle he called reciprocal determinism. In works like Social Foundations of Thought and Action, he viewed personality as an interaction among environment, behavior, and a person's psychological processes. In his most famous study, a woman shouting "sockeroo! " beat up a clown doll, serving as a model for children who later imitated this behavior. FTP, name this Stanford psychologist who illustrated modeling with his Bobo Doll studies.
Output: Social Science
One character in this work reveals that he used to walk around with rubber balls in his hands and horse chestnuts and crab apples in his cheeks because he wanted apple cheeks, while another character in this work retorts, "I'd rather have peanut brittle crumbs on my face than flies in my eyes" after assuring another character that he didn't see flies in his eyes. In addition to Orr, Havermeyer, and Appleby, one character in this work is informed of a promotion while playing basketball and later jumps out of his office window to avoid talking to a character who received a medal naked and who asks, "where are the Snowdens of yesteryear" For 10 points, name this work about Major Major, Doc Daneeka, Chief White Halfoat, and Yossarian, a novel by Joseph Heller.
Output: Fine Arts
This poet wrote that ""Dust thou art, to dust returnest, was not spoken of the soul"" in the poem ""A Psalm of Life. "" His poem ""Mezzo Cammin"" was inspired by his translation of the Divine Comedy. He wrote an epic poem in which Gabriel Lajeunesse loves the title character, who is expelled along with the rest of the Acadians. This author of (*) Evangeline also wrote an epic poem whose title character is the lover of Minnehaha. For 10 points, name this poet of The Song of Hiawatha and ""Paul Revere's Ride. ""
Output: Literature
This man wrote that the "polytheism" of incompatible "value spheres" implies a need for "value-free" science. He defined modernity as "disenchantment" and wrote critical surveys of The Religion of China and India. This man defined the state as an entity with a monopoly on legitimate force and warned of charismatic authority in "Politics as a Vocation." This sociologist revered Benjamin Franklin and noted that Dutch merchants could display their elect status through material wealth in a study which asked why Western Europe developed faster economically. For 10 points, name this early German sociologist who wrote The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.
Output: Science
This country's K5 Plan attempted to seal its western border by constructing a minefield known as the Bamboo Curtain. This country's "dark ages" saw its capital at Longvek captured by Ayutthaya. Its temple mountain of Bakong was constructed by Indravarman I, who led an empire founded by Jayavarman II. UNTAC restored peace in this country, which entered into a civil war soon after Norodom Sihanouk was deposed by (*) Lon Nol. That period of strife saw currency abolished, "year zero" established by Brother Number One, and land mines placed around Angkor Wat. For ten points, identify this country where Pol Pot once led the Khmer Rouge.
Output: History
One analog of this phenomenon is described by the Righi-Leduc effect. Kane and Mele developed a model for one variety of it and the Corbino effect is a special case of it. In plasmas, its namesake parameter is the ratio of electron gyrofrequency to the particle collision frequency, and a version of this effect was discovered in a gallium arsenide heterostructure by Tsui and Stormer and explained by Laughlin. The resistance associated with this effect t can be measured by the Van der Pauw method and its quantum analogue, which breaks down into integer and ractional varieties, was discovered by von Klitzing. Resulting from an asymmetric distribution of charge density, which in turn creates an electric field, for 10 points, name this effect, in which a potential voltage is produced in a conductor in the presence of a magnetic field. 
Output: Science
This man convened a constitutional convention in Chatham, Canada, and took the pseudonym "Isaac Smith" while living at the Kennedy Farmhouse in order to scout out one target. Emily Dickinson's correspondent Thomas Wentworth Higginson was among the "Secret Six" who supported this man. He arrived at the Wakarusa War just as a peace treaty was about to be signed in Lawrence, Kansas. This man killed five pro-slavery settlers in the 1856 Pottawatomie massacre, and was quashed by Robert E. Lee in his attempt to seize a federal arsenal. For 10 points, name this abolitionist who was hanged after leading the raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859.
Output: History
One opera by this composer features a character named Martha, whose "Divination" scene features her looking into a bowl of water and telling of Prince Galitsin's upcoming downfall; that opera ends with Martha and Andrew, along with other Old Believers, dying in a funeral pyre. Another opera by this composer includes the Hopak dance movement, is named for the locale where Gritzko asks Tcherevik for his daughter Parassia's hand in marriage, and includes a devil who takes the form of a pig and is looking for the sleeve of a garment. Zhenitba and Salammb, in addition to the aforementioned Khovanshchina and The Fair at Sorochyntsi, are operas by this composer, whose most famous opera includes the Polish Act, and a chronicling monk named Pimen, who shares a cell with Grigory, a pretender claiming to be Dimitri. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of the opera Boris Godounov, and whose orchestral works include Pictures at an Exhibition and Night on Bald Mountain.
Output: Fine Arts
This artist painted a blue-clad man on a wooden chair holding his head in his hands in At Eternity's Gate. He painted two chairs and a night table next to a bed in his depiction of his bedroom at the Yellow House, where he lived with Gauguin for a time. This artist painted a pool table at the center of his (*) The Night Cafe. This artist of several portraits of Dr. Gachet painted several depictions of the view from his asylum in Arles. For 10 points, name this Dutch artist who painted swirling celestial figures in Starry Night.
Output: Fine Arts
In the bottom right of this work, a partridge is perched on a branch. In the background, several ships can be seen sailing near a port which is surrounded by cliffs and lies across from what appears to be a volcano. Near the center of this painting, a man leaning on a stick looks skyward rather than monitoring the sheep surrounding him. Other figures include a fisherman and a plowman, both of whom ignore the titular event, as does the ship passing the title character. For 10 points, identify this painting depicting the drowning of the son of Daedalus, by Bruegel the elder.
Output: Fine Arts
This composer parodied a sonatina by Clementi in his Sonatine bureaucratique, and composed the ballet Uspud in his early Rosicrucian period. John Cages 433 was inspired by a piece by this composer requiring 840 repetitions of a single theme, Vexations. He incorporated parts of Symposium, Phaedrus, and Phaedo in his three-act symphonic drama Socrate, and directed the pianist to be clairvoyant and play with amazement in a set of pieces named for an ancient Greek dance. FTP, name this French composer of Flabby Preludes For a Dog and Desiccated Embryos as well as seven Gnossiennes and three Gymnopedies.
Output: Fine Arts
One legend associated with this body of water is that it is inhabited by a god known as Nyami Nyami, and its tributaries include the Kabompo and the Lungue-Bongo. Another of its tributaries, the Kafue, contains the Itezhi-tezhi dam, and it forms much of the eastern boundary of the Caprivi Strip. Other dams on this river include the Kariba and one of Africa's largest hydroelectric dams, Cahora Bossa. Emptying into the Indian Ocean at Mozambique. For 10 points, name this river that flows over 2,000 miles across Africa from its source near Kalene Hill in the Central African Plateau, whose name means "Great River" in the language of the Tonga and whose section on the Zambia-Zimbabwe border includes Victoria Falls.
Output: Social Science
In one work, this man argued that the title action represents the "recommencement of life" allowing the viewer to see the "awful parenthesis" caused by the title character's evil. This man contrasted the "Literature of Knowledge" with the "Literature of Power" and included "The English Mail-Coach" in Suspiria de Profundis. He wrote about the (*) Porter scene in "On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth." This man wrote an autobiographical work in which he discusses being chased around a room by his own nightmares. For 10 points, name this English author whose addiction inspired his Confessions of an English Opium-Eater.
Output: Literature
premiere of one of this man's compositions occurred in a darkened art gallery, forcing Eugene Ysaye to play it from memory. That "Sonata for Violin and Piano in A major" was written for Ysaye's wedding and is an example of this composer's preoccupation with the "cyclic form" which he adopted from Liszt. His "Mass for Three Voices" contains a strophe pulled from Aquinas's Sacris solemniis that is often performed alone, his Panis angelicus. He wrote a symphonic poem about a noble who is cursed after blowing his hunting chord during the Sabbath. His reputation was established posthumously by his students Ernest Chausson, Henri Duparc, and Vincent d'Indy, who ensured his Le Chasseur maudit and Symphonic Variations would become part of the standard repertoire. For 10 points, name this French-Belgian composer and organist best remembered for his Symphony in D minor.
Output: Fine Arts
He wrote about Johnny Hake, who quits his job producing the plastic wrap parablendum before finding Grace Maitland with the lawn boy while trying to commit a robbery in "The Housebreaker of Shady Hill. " In another novel by this author, Shinglehouse throws himself under a train and the boy Tony refuses to get out of bed, leading to his parents having Swami Rutuola visit to have Tony repeat "Hope" and "Love. " That novel, in which Paul Hammer tries to kill Eliot Nailles, is Bullet Park, and he wrote about Jody, the gay lover of the convict and heroin addict Ezekiel Farragut, who is accused of killing his brother Eben. This author wrote about St. Botolphs, which is home to Cousin Honora, who controlled the family nominally held by Leander. For 10 points, name this author of Falconer and The Wapshot Chronicle.
Output: Literature
This man wrote about the fourth evil side of God in his book Answer to Job and described the contrasexual pairing of men and women with the term syzygy. This thinker examined the schizophrenic fantasies of Frank Miller and postulated an "acausal connecting principle" called (*) synchronicity. The Myers-Briggs personality test is based on the work of this psychologist who made a distinction between extroverts and introverts and examples of a term he studied include the Animus and the Shadow. For 10 points, what psychologist broke with Freud over the nature of the libido and described archetypes and the collective unconscious
Output: Social Science
This philosopher argued that "metaphysics was the ape of mathematics" in his survey "The Architecture of Theories. " He posited a triadic relation to account for the element of spontaneity that informs the neurological faculties and published a work that argued for a physical explanation of feeling by "framing a molecular theory of protoplasm. " That work, "Man's Glassy Essence," was preceded by "Questions Concerning Certain Faculties Claimed by Man," which held that even abstract thoughts have the character of signs. In another essay he analogized thinking to a sequence of notes; that work, along with another piece advocating the use of the scientific method, were first published in Popular Science Monthly. For 10 points, identify this philosopher who wrote "How to Make Our Ideas Clear" and "The Fixation of Belief. "
Output: Social Science
One of this authors title characters is introduced by Colonel Hepburn to Gustavus Adolphus, while another is talked out of killing himself by the Quaker ships surgeon Walter Waters. In addition to Memoirs of a Cavalier and Captain Singleton, he created a character who falls out with her maid Amy, Roxana, and the saddlemaking narrator H.F., who integrates his memories with tables of weekly death figures. Another of his books ends with the title character reuniting with Jeremy E. and repenting for such deeds as being a transported felon in Virginia and married to her own brother. He also wrote a novel based on the life of Alexander Selkirk featuring the native Friday. For 10 points, name this writer of Journal of the Plague Year, Moll Flanders, and Robinson Crusoe.
Output: Literature
It was ended by the forces of Charles II of Navarre at Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, but began following the Battle of Poitiers when the countryside was ransacked by bands of British mercenaries whose actions were ignored by the French nobles. This oversight, coupled with the Dauphin's demand that his subjects rebuild the fortifications of their lords, fueled an uprising of Parisians under Etienne Marcel and country-folk under Guillaume Carle who began at Compiegne and spent two moths attacking castles and massacring the nobles. FTP, name this insurgency that primarily took place in 1358 and whose name comes from a French pejorative for "peasant. "
Output: History
They can be made from the reaction of organolithium reagents with aldehydes and ketones; the acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes, ozymercuration-demecuration of alkenes, the reaction of Grignard reagents with aldehydes, esters, or ketones, or by the hydrolysis of alkyl halides. They can be converted to dialkyl ethers and are combined with carboxylic acids to undergo Fischer esterification. FTP name this group of organic compounds, composed of an OH group attached to a hydrocarbon group and symbolized as R-OH.
Output: Science
February 26 marks this religion's holiday of Savior's Day, devoted to a man who disappeared mysteriously, possibly returning to his native New Zealand. This religion once published a guide for its adherents called How to Eat to Live, and their official newspaper is The Final Call. A central tenet of this group's theology is derived from their interpretation of Ezekiel 1. That belief in the so-called Mother Wheel or Mother Plane is perhaps not as ridiculous as their insistence that the evil scientist Dr. Yakub created all non-black races on the island of Patmos. For ten points, name this bunch of crazies founded by Wallace Fard Muhammad and currently led by Louis Farrakhan.
Output: Social Science
Niels Kaj Jerne cited this man's concept of "open-endedness" in a protein generation model in a lecture applying one of this man's ideas to the immune system. One work by this man argued that "bounding nodes" were "barriers" in order to unify Subjacency with the Empty Category Principle. "Type 2" on his namesake hierarchy includes context-free grammars. He used the sentence "colorless green ideas sleep furiously" to illustrate his "poverty of the stimulus" argument. For 10 points, name this MIT linguist who proposed the idea of Universal Grammar.
Output: Science
This man noted how the unseen collusion between capitalist "masters" can depress wages in the chapter "Of the Wages of Labour" from one of his works, in which he discusses value in use and value in exchange in relation to the price of water and diamonds. In that work, this economist uses the example of a(*) pin factory in order to explain specialization and division of labor. For 10 points, name this Scottish economist who outlined the concepts of supply and demand and wrote of an "invisible hand" governing markets in The Wealth of Nations.
Output: Social Science
In one experiment, this man examined whether watching a violent ending to an episode of Medical Center would lead to anti-social behavior. This man also distributed packages in Omaha hoping they would reach a stockbroker in Boston; that led to the "six degrees of separation" concept, and is his(*) "small world" experiment. In another experiment of his, a "teacher" read word pairs to a "learner" and tried to shock them for wrong answers. For 10 points, identify this psychologist who found 26 people administered 450 Volts in an experiment testing obedience to authority.
Output: Social Science
A ship flying dozens of national flags and a red sun blurred by a cloud appear in the background of the black-clothed, palette-holding central figure in his Myself: Portrait Landscape, while a dark-skinned man in a traditional clown costume locks arms with a woman in peasant dress in front of several bare trees in his Carnival Evening. For 10 points, name this artist who also painted a work in which multicolored stripes adorn the dress of the title figure, who is holding a walking stick near a lute and a lion, called The Sleeping Gypsy.
Output: Fine Arts
In one of this artist's works, two skeletons, presumably those of James Field and Macleane, point to each other. This man made an engraving based on the story of Columbus and the egg. The first painting in a series by this artist shows a pregnant woman crying while the central figure gets his leg measured. Tom Nero beats a horse and tortures a dog in works from artist's Four Stages of Cruelty. Another of this man's series shows the title character marrying an old woman before going to prison and ending up in Bethlehem Hospital, a mental asylum. For 10 points, name this English artist who painted Marriage a-la-Mode and The Rake's Progress.
Output: Fine Arts
He collaborated on an anthology titled To Heal and To Educate with Carl Furtmuller, who would later help to popularize his ideas. A number of his books, including The Case of Miss R. and What Life Should Mean to You, were published in English after he gave a popular lecture tour of America in 1927. Along with Max Kahane, Rudolf Reitler and Wilhelm Stekel, in 1902 he became a founding member of the Wednesday Psychology Society, though his conversion to Protestantism two years later alienated him from Freud. His The Neurotic Constitution argued that the drive to mastery is the key to the psyche, which proved more persuasive than his earlier work on "organ inferiority. "  FTP, name this Austrian psychologist, who emphasized agression and the inferiority complex.
Output: Social Science
Although his early St. Luke's Altarpiece was most likely based on another altarpiece at Praglia, it still earned him a commission for his Agony in the Garden. (+) A martyr stands next to the foot of a ruined sculpture while an archer talks to another man in one work, while he teamed up with Nicolo Pizolo to show a condemned saint blessing (*) a man for the Ovetari Chapel. For one of his largest commissions, this artist of three portraits of St. Sebastian showed a dog resting under the seat of Marsilio Andreasi in the Court Scene for the Room of the Newlyweds, which also contained an openly painted ceiling decorated with cherubs. Two women grieve as pierced feet are prominently displayed in a 1480 canonical example of foreshortening. FTP, identify this Renaissance artist of St. James Led To His Execution and the Dead Christ.
Output: Fine Arts