niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Although not a primary alcohol, only one of these compounds with a methyl group undergoes the iodoform reaction. Their simplest example is mixed with sulfuric acid to form Marquis' reagent, which can be used to identify alkaloids. LDA usually cannot be used to deprotonate these compounds to form enolates because self-condensation is too fast. These compounds are transformed into an alkyne by the Corey-Fuchs reaction. When these compounds lack an alpha-hydrogen, they can undergo disproportionation to yield an alcohol and a salt of a carboxylic acid in the Cannizzaro reaction. Unlike a similar organic compound, they have reducing properties, which results in their oxidation in Tollens' reagent, creating a silver mirror. That mirror distinguishes them from ketones. For 10 points, identify these compounds that contain a formyl group and whose simplest example has chemical formula CH2O.
Output: Science
Jevgenija Lisicina authored a transcription of these works for organ, and one of these works depicts air "shrouded with a black cloak. " These pieces were selected from their composer's Test of Harmony and Invention, and the second of them depicts a swarm of flies and hornets in one section. The accompanying sonnet for the third piece in this collection states that "the turtledove and the goldfinch are heard singing. " One piece in this collection features a "two-pronged" theme, and the second movement of the fourth piece in this collection includes a pizzicato section that is intended to evoke the sound of raindrops. For 10 points, identify this collection of violin concerti by Antonio Vivaldi.
Output: Fine Arts
Two of its forms are related by TV times beta-squared over kappa, where beta is the thermal expansion coefficient and kappa is the isothermal compressibility. T times the second derivative of pressure with respect to temperature at constant volume is its derivative with respect to volume at constant temperature. Greater for a liquid than a solid due to its vibrational modes at low frequencies, it can be calculated for a path of P equals aT to the one third to be 13/6 R, though for monatomic ideal gases, it's 3/2 R, and for a solid, it tends to zero at low temperatures, but for an elemental solids, it's 3R according to Dulong and Petit. FTP name this thermodynamic quantity measured in joules per Kelvin, the energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree.
Output: Science
This entity shares its name with one controlled by the astronomer and investigator of mesmerism, Jean Sylvain Bailly. It saw the execution of General Lecomte, and Marshall MacMahon led a campaign against it that culminated with a mass execution at the Wall of the Federalists. Its aftermath saw a mass deportation to New Caledonia, and it was opposed by Adolphe Thiers. Louis-Auguste Blanqui was its nominal leader despite being imprisoned at the time, and it ended in the "Bloody Week" amidst fierce barricade fighting. Growing out of the Franco-Prussian War, for 10 points, name this socialist government that held power for two months in 1871 in the French capital.
Output: History
This event may have inspired the subsequent Cadet Revolution in Poland, also known as the November Insurrection, and this event was preceded by a string of arsons known as The Norman Fires. Those charged with stopping this event included Colonel Komierowski, while supporters of this event included the Count of Lobau, Georges Mouton, who was the leader of the National Guard, as well as the banker Jacques Laffitte. The Address of the 221 was delivered a few months before this event, which was opposed by the security chief August de Marmont, and whose primary cause was discontent with the Prince de Polignac and the Saint-Cloud Ordinances. Also known as the three glorious days and resulting in the adoption of the tricolor, for ten points name this revolt that overthrew Charles X and led to the accession of Louis-Philippe as King of the French, named for the summer month in which it took place.
Output: History
This god turned his daughter's suitor, Alvis, to stone. He once had a whetstone lodged in his forehead after a battle with the Mist Calf and the giant Hrungnir. Tanngnjostr and Tanngrisnir are the two goats that pull this god's chariot. On one occasion, he disguised himself as Freya in order to take back his prized possession. At Ragnarok, he will kill and be killed by Jormungandr, the Midgard Serpent. For 10 points, name this husband of Sif, who wields his hammer Mjollnir, as the Norse god of Thunder.
Output: Social Science
A Pop Art version includes a depiction of the artist herself, Marisol, sitting opposite the scene of wood sculpture. A version by Tintoretto divided the oil on canvas painting diagonally with the table, and includes a choir of angels, while Marisol's inspiration was painted for Santa Maria delle Grazie. Give the titles for these works depicting the moment at which Jesus announces that one apostle will betray him, the best known of which, FTP, was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.
Output: Fine Arts
This name is attached to a number of figures from Greek myth of whom the least well known was probably the only surviving daughter of Zeus and Lamia before the latter went insane over the death of her other children and became a demonic spirit that kills babies. Another was turned into an egret when she drowned swimming alongside the ship of a man she loved and whose affections she had purchased by cutting a purple lock of her fathers hair, leading to that fathers death. Ovid connects that one with the most famous one, a daughter of Phorcys for whom Glaucus rejected either Amphitrite or Circe, leading to her being cursed to have a human upper body but with barking dogs heads coming from her vagina. For 10 points give this common name, applied bother to the unlucky daughter of King Nisus and to the monster in the Strait of Messina alongside Charybdis.
Output: Social Science
He cleansed Pelops of blood-guilt in the western stream of Oceanus, and a practical joke by his uncle resulted in him ejaculating on his half-sister's thigh, making him the father of Erichthonius. He drove off the River-god Scamander to help Achilles, and the blinded Orion took his apprentice Cedalion as a guide after finding his workshop. During the revolt of the giants, he scalded Mimas with a ladle full of red-hot metal. Pandareus and Tantalus conspired to steal a golden mastiff created by this god, and his other creations include a net that caught Ares in bed with his wife. FTP name this husband of Aphrodite, the lame smith-god of the Greeks.
Output: Social Science
adoption of this person's metaphysics by Alexander Bogdanov led Vladimir Lenin to write a chapter in Materialism and Empirico-Criticism accusing this philosopher and Richard Avenarius of being solipsists. His anti-atomism was rooted in a skepticism about unobservable entities, while his general philosophy of science proposed that theories develop from a human drive toward economy. The strict empiricism exhibited in his history of physics, The Science of Mechanics, was extended to giving sense-perception the sole role in driving science in his The Analysis of Sensations. His empiricist approach influenced the formation of the Vienna Circle, which was formally known as this man's "society. " For 10 points, name this philosopher, who also worked as a psychologist, explaining an optical illusion known as his "bands," and a physicist, doing work on the speed of sound that included defining his "number. "
Output: Social Science
One of his works was a response to a criticism of democracy by Walter Lippman. In addition to The Public and its Problems and Individualism Old and New, he also outlined his theory of aesthetics in his Art as Experience and criticized Marxism in his Freedom and Culture. This author of The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology criticized the dualism of stimulus and response in one paper, and outlined progressive, pragmatic education based on learning by doing. For 10 points, name this author of Democracy in Education.
Output: Social Science
One ruler of this family put down a rebellion led by Jai Singh; another expelled a group of rebels who would later conquer Crete from Byzantium. Yet another ordered the killing of St. Pelagius, and a fourth temporarily moved their capital to Ramla. They fought to a draw at the Battle of Siffin, but this tribe would have more success at a conflict remembered on the Day of Ashura, the Battle of Karbala. Their rule would see its end come at the Battle of the Zab under Marwan II, nearly a century after their founding by Muawiyah. Ruling from Damascus from 660 to 750 A.D., FTP, name this Islamic Caliphate succeeded by the Abbasids.
Output: History
This author wrote a work in which Ainsley attempts to seduce Len so that she may bear a child and Marian tests Duncan by offering him a cake in the shape of a woman. In another work by this author of The Edible Woman, a novel attributed to Laura is revealed to have been based on Alex Thomas' affair with Iris Chase. In addition to The (*) Blind Assassin, this author wrote a novel in which Snowman leads the Crakers as one of the last humans on Earth. In her most famous work, The Commander owns a woman in the Republic of Gilead named Offred. For ten points, identify this Canadian author of Oryx and Crake and The Handmaid's Tale.
Output: Literature
In one work, this author claims that friendship is the greatest of all things and only stems from mutual admiration of virtue. In addition to writing that work featuring Laelius, this man was the first to tell the story of the Sword of Damocles in a series of books on Stoicism, the Tusculan Disputations. This man defended his friend Milo from charges that he murdered Clodius in his Pro Milone. This man also uncovered a plot by a veteran of the Social War to overthrow the republic, the Catiline conspiracy, and condemned Mark Antony in a series of orations modeled on the works of Demosthenes. For 10 points, name this Roman orator who wrote the Philippics.
Output: Literature
Among the minor participants in this event were Pedro Gmez Labrador and Richard Trench, while the Iroquois Confederacy also played a minor role. Some minor consequences of the event were the transfer of control of the Seychelles and Olivenza, but it is perhaps better known for establishing the Kingdom of Hanover and condemning the slave trade. This event was responsible for guaranteeing the neutrality of Switzerland, a provision promoted by Charles Pictet de Rochemont. Castlereagh and Talleyrand were, for ten points, part of which conference that established the Concert of Europe, chaired by Metternich  
Output: History
A symphony by this man was composed in honor of the 400th anniversary of the printing press. This   composer of "Lobgesang" composed a work that was inspired after a visit to the Holyrood Palace and  another that was influenced by a visit to the Fingal's Cave. The "Dresden Amen" is included in the   third movement of his fifth symphony, which, because it was written in honor of the 300th anniversary  of the Augsburg Confession, is nicknamed "Reformation". Like Wagner [VAHG- nur], this composer  wrote a commonly used wedding march, which was part of his incidental music to A Midsummer  Night's Dream. Name this composer of the Italian  and Scottish  Symphonies.
Output: Fine Arts
In the meromictic form of this feature, limnic eruptions can occur, though in the holomictic kind, thermoclines, which don't exist in meres, are disrupted at least annually. When these features are linked in succession, they are called paternoster. One of these features can form in a cirque between the headwall and aretes and is called a tarn. When a meander is cut off, a billabong, or [*] oxbow, variety of this feature is formed, and glacial calving forms the kettle kind. Artificial types of these features can be created by dams and are called reservoirs. For 10 points, name these inland bodies of water, of which the largest in North America is Superior.
Output: Science
Off this country's southwest shore lie such islands it controls as Poula Wai and Kaoh Rung, while its northeast extends to a point at the end of Rotanah Kiri province. Its largest lake normally outflows across the Val Pc plain and receives such tributaries as the Srng and Sn. The cities of Pursat and Siemrab are found in the basin of that lake. For 10 points, name this country, whose eastern portion is watered by the Mekong River, which joins the outflow from Tonle Sap at Phnom Penh.
Output: Social Science
One scene in this work details the intervention of a Babylonian king named Baligant. In another section, a man is condemned to death after the weak Thierry manages to kill Pinabel in a duel. In the opening of this work, (*) Ganelon is selected to work out a peace treaty with the city of Saragossa ruled by king Marsilla. A Ludovico Ariosto epic is based off of this work, whose central character blows an oliphant horn shortly before he is killed by an ambush of Basque troops at the Battle of Roncevaux (""ron-suh-VOH"") Pass. For 10 points, name this French medieval epic, a "song" named after a soldier in the army of Charlemagne.
Output: Literature
In this man's first dated painting, angry men hold rocks over the kneeling, pink-robed body of Saint Stephen. He also painted a golden chain running diagonally across the chest of a man who puts his right hand on a statue. This man showed the prodigal son in a tavern next to himself and his wife Saskia in one of his 80-plus self-portraits. This artist of Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer showed a lone woman with a chicken on her belt amid a drum, a banner, and twenty armed men, and also showed students of Nicolaes Tulp gawking at a cut-open arm. For 10 points, name this painter of The Anatomy Lesson and The Night Watch, a Dutch master.
Output: Fine Arts
This artist showed a man swinging a sledgehammer in a poster executed as a cover for The Morse  Dial. This painter showed a seated brunette wearing only a pair of shoes staring out of an open window to her right in one work, while another of his paintings shows a blonde woman bending over  to adjust the cloth base of a basket of fruit. He based many of the women in his paintings on the  likeness of his wife, Josephine Nivison. This painter of (*) Eleven AM and Tables for Ladies showed a woman in a yellow hat sitting alone at a table staring into her cup of coffee in a different work. An advertisement for Phillies Cigars appears near the top of his best known painting, in which three people sit at a diner. For 10 points, name this American artist of Automat and Nighthawks.
Output: Fine Arts
The spherical harmonics have eigenvalue h-bar2 l (l + 1) under this operator's square. The commutator for operators representing two components of this quantity is plus or minus i h-bar times the operator for its third component. Slater determinants are used to force fermion wavefunctions to be asymmetric as required by one type of this quantity. Hyperfine structure results from one interaction involving this quantity, as does Russell-Saunders coupling and the splitting of signals in NMR. Expanding this quantity in the uncoupled basis requires Clebsch-Gordon coefficients. For 10 points, name this quantity equal to the product of inertial moment and angular velocity.
Output: Science
Reacted with sodium chloride and carbon dioxide in the Solvay process, the first maser used a beam of particles of this compound. In the Raschig process, it is reacted with sodium hypochlorite, and hydroxylamine is derived from it by replacing a hydrogen with a hydroxyl group. Serving as a catalyst in the manufacture of Bakelite, the Ostwald process is used to turn it into nitric acid. Produced through the Haber-Bosch process, FTP, identify this chemical compound with chemical formula NH3.
Output: Science
One conflict involving this nation saw the taking of Mannerplaw and the capture of Khun Sa. In another conflict, an attack on Negrais led to rise of a dynasty ruled by Hsinbyushin and Bodawpaya. An Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League resisted Japanese rule here after being trained by them. Alaungpaya founded its Konbaung dynasty at Ava after a Mon rebellion toppled the Toungoo, which had been led by king Bayinnaung. Khin Nyunt held the leadership of an organization founded by General Saw Maung in this nation, SLORC, and early kingdoms here include Arakan and Pagan. For 10 points, name this polity once ruled by the regime of Ne Win, currently home to Nobelist Aung San Suu Kyi, who is held under house arrest in Yangon.
Output: History
A work by this composer was the basis for Symphonic Dances orchestrated by Irwin Kostal and Sid Ramin including "Mambo" and "Cha-Cha". In one of his works, one singer depicts both Julia Grant and Lucy Hayes after the election of 1876 in "Duet for One". Hildy the taxi driver sings "I Can Cook Too" in a work by him in which three sailors on shore leave sing "New York, New York". The Old Lady sings "I Am Easily Assimilated" in a work by him that includes "Glitter and Be Gay". This composer of 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue and On the Town wrote the music for a work in which a character suggests that "Miss America should just resign" in "I Am Pretty", while Tony claims there's "music playing" if you say her name loud in the song "Maria". That musical depicts the gang rivalry between the Sharks and the Jets. For 10 points, name this composer of Candide and West Side Story.
Output: Fine Arts
The land ruled by this deity contained a cave inhabited by dangerous women who sought out unfaithful lovers and a boiling spring home to a worm called the cuiluhuexi [kwi-lu-HYU-shi]. One ritual dedicated to this god involved the killing and eating of amaranth-paste idols, and his titles include "Ninth Lord of the Night". This god served as the third of the five suns, while his sister was the salt goddess Huixtocihuatl [hwi-shto-ki-HWA-tl]. After Tezcatlipoca abducted his first wife, Xochiquetzal [sho-chi-KET-zal], he fathered Tecciztecatl [tek-kiz-te-CAHT-l] with Chalchiuhtlicue [chal-chi-OO-tli-kyu]. For 10 points, identify this deity who governed the souls of the drowned and who demanded child sacrifices, the Aztec god of rain.
Output: Social Science
According to one legend from this religion, its founder's eyelids became the first tea plant after he cut\n them off in anger. A record of the early history of this religion is known as the Records of the Transmission\n of the Lamp. Important figures in this religion's history include Mahakasyapa, who wordlessly understood\n a sermon. Its major sects include Obaku, Soto, and Rinzai, and its adherents seek Satori. The founder of\n this religion took a famous journey to the east, where he visited the emperor and spent nine years staring at\n a cave wall. Bodhidharma's teachings and the "Flower Sermon" are foundational teachings of, for 10\n points, what contemplative sect of Buddhism.
Output: Social Science
Work on a Uranium-Germanium compound by Saxena et al. showed evidence for their formulation by spin fluctuation rather than the method originally proposed. Their individual components can be isolated by passing them through Luttinger liquids such as carbon nanotubes, even while those particles remain coupled, and they were recently found to exist in thin sheets of supercooled bismuth, which acts as an insulator. Experimental support for their existence was observed when the critical temperature of mercury changed with varying isotopes. Existing due to phonon exchange, for 10 points, identify these sets of entangled electrons which are central to the BCS theory.
Output: Science
In a Rudyard Kipling story, a hairdresser named Humberstall relates his membership in a secret society dedicated to this person. David Lassman wrote a 2007 article chronicling his anonymous submissions of this author's work to publishers, who nearly universally rejected it. Prominent naval officers like Admiral Croft appear in a novel by this author in which Louisa Musgrove suffers a concussion on a seaside staircase at Lyme Regis and the protagonist reunites with Captain (*) Wentworth. This pioneer of free indirect discourse and creator of Anne Elliot wrote a novel which opens with the line "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife," and ends with the betrothal of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy. For 10 points, name this author of Persuasion and Pride and Prejudice.
Output: Literature
An important document of this artist's creative process is his red chalk and silverpoint sketch before a portrait of Jacob Meyer and his wife. His Passion Scenes are found in the Basel Town Hall, and this creator of the Solothum Altarpiece also did a woodcut series about the Dance of Death. Texts he illustrated include the German Bible translation made by Martin Luther and In Praise of Folly, and this painter of Madonna of Burgomaster Meyer also painted portraits of such figures as Thomas More and Henry VIII. In another of his works, a bird, a frustrum, a lute, two globes, and an elongated skull adorn the room where the titular diplomats stand. For 10 points, name this painter of The French Ambassadors.
Output: Fine Arts
One system of their classification divides them into minor, replication-dependent, and replication-independent types. In the lab, they are isolated by cleavage of the source material followed by salt elution in a hydroxyapatite column. They never contain tryptophan and are usually rich in lysine and arginine. A type found in Euryarchaea may be the evolutionary precursor to those found in eukaryotes. Four of their classes form an octameric nucleosome, while the linker or H1 type regulates the formation of thirty-nanometer fibers. FTP, name this class of proteins which forms chromatin when DNA coils around them.
Output: Science
This enzyme is degraded by the actions of victorin and the DNA-binding aspartic acid peptidase CND41, but is forced into a proteolysis-resistant state by the binding of its inhibitor CA1P. It is usually localized to to pyrenoids, and a lysine residue on it is carbamated by its namesake activase, which allows the positioning of a critical magnesium molecule. Phosphoglycolate is a side product of this enzyme, whose slow speed and penchant for leading to photorespiration is counteracted by PEP carboxylase in some organisms. FTP, name this enzyme, the most abundant protein on earth, that catalyzes a major step in the Calvin cycle by attaching a carbon dioxide molecule to Ribulose bisphosphate.
Output: Science
He's not Eudoxus, but he names a property stating that there exists a natural number greater than a given real number. This author of The Sand Reckoner created an odometer for use in the First Punic War. He used a form of infinite series to calculate the area enclosed by a parabola and line. He created a namesake screw to move water and stated that the weight of a fluid displaced by an object equals the buoyant force on that object. For 10 points, name this Greek thinker who apocryphally defended Syracuse with a death ray.
Output: Social Science
[RF] "Folks, I'm telling you,/Birthing is hard/And Dying is mean/So get yourself/Some loving in between", he writes in "Advice", while "To fling my arms wide/In some place of the sun" begins his "Dream Variations". "They'll see how beautiful I am/And be ashamed" he concludes in "I, Too". "Go home and write/a page tonight./And let that page come out of you/Then, it will be true. " says the instructor in his "Theme for English B," while "Droning a drowsy syncopated tune/Rocking back and forth to a mellow croon" begins his "The Weary Blues". His most famous works contain the lines "Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun" and "My soul has grown deep like the rivers". For 10 points, name African-American poet of "Harlem" and "The Negro Speaks of Rivers".
Output: Literature
This thinker's work on perception can be summed up into a form of phenomenalism which views all perceptions aas statements about actual and possible "sense-contents," which was sharply critiqued in Sense and Sensibilia. This thinker claimed that inductance would do better to assume that the unobserved was like the observed than to assume uniformity of nature. In addition to writing The Central Questions of Philosophy, this thinker defined knowledge in terms of "the right to be sure," which he outlined mathematically in his work The Problem of Knowledge, and he attacked similar problems in The Conception of Probability as a Logical Relation. " In his best known work, this thinker claimed that in phrases like "P is true," the words "is true" are logically superfluous, and he held that strong evidence was necessary for all non-tautological statements. For ten points, identify this philosopher best known for his pioneering work Language, Truth, and Logic.
Output: Social Science
The Ohnesorge number divides the viscosity by the square root of the product of length, density, and this quantity; the Weber number is proportional to one over it. The Lippman-Young equation states that the change in contact angle of a drop on a substrate is also proportional to one over this quantity. Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and sodium dodecyl sulfate both reduce this quantity, which is a result of cohesive forces among molecules of liquid. Often denoted with a lowercase gamma and expressed in newtons per meter, for 10 points, name this property of liquids which can be reduced by surfactants and allows small insects to walk on water.
Output: Science
One modern group in this phylum possessing single-branched appendages is called Uniramia. Different body plan arrangements in members of this phylum are called tagmata, and members of this phylum possess an excretory system consisting of hemolymph-bathed channels called (*) Malphigian tubules. Members of this phylum may possess ocelli or ommatidia for visual perception. A waxy outer layer helps protect these creatures' inner "procuticle," the chitin-containing layers of their exoskeletons. Members of this phylum also possess jointed appendages and a three-segment body plan. For 10 points, name this phylum that includes crabs, spiders, and insects.
Output: Science
One character in this work promises to retire when his unpaid bills reach fifty-thousand dollars , and at the end of this novel, another character proudly displays his false teeth, A girl seeks medicine for an abortion but is tricked by a clerk who plans to rape her, and Preacher Whitfield is revealed to be the father of another character. That character escapes from Mr. Gillespie's barn while his brother burns it down, and Vernon Tull's bridge washes out in another scene. This forces the central family to cross a ford where Cash narrowly escapes drowning, and one chapter consists of Vardaman saying "My mother is a fish. " FTP, identify this novel in which Jewel, Darl, and the rest of the Bundren family take their mother Addie to Jefferson to bury her, written by William Faulkner.
Output: Literature
This man supported South African mining operations with his newspaper The Representative. He wrote the political novels Coningsby and Tancred, as well as the romance Vivien Grey. This leader used a Rothschild loan to buy forty- four percent of the Suez Canal Company. Unlike his rival, he supported the Second Reform Bill. He was a close friend of Queen Victoria, and created her Empress of India with the 1876 Royal Titles Act. For 10 points, name this British Prime Minister, a Conservative rival of William Gladstone whose surname reflects his Jewish ancestry.
Output: History
By processing one etching through four stages, this artist created a curtain of light that illuminates the good thief but casts the bad thief in shadow, as part of one of his best known drypoints. This artist included a hazily rendered flute player in the background of a work whose title figure wears a twelve-pointed black broach on his golden cloak, has a crown above his turban, and knocks over a chalice in shock. That painting by this artist of The Three Crosses shows a hand emerging out of a smoke to show golden Hebrew letters illuminated on the wall. A large textbook is propped open in the corner of a painting by this man in which the corpse of Aris Kindt is being studied by Nicolaes Tulp. For 10 points, name this Dutch Baroque painter of Belshazzar's Feast, The Anatomy Lesson, and the massive Night Watch.
Output: Fine Arts
One grandson of this deity is Kon the Young. This god was once wounded by a thrown severed head, leading "head of [this god]" to become a figurative phrase meaning "sword." He transformed himself and hid among seals to recover a magic necklace and is conflated with a deity who slept with three women to father the first thrall, peasant, and noble among mankind in the form of (*) Rig. This deity owns the sword Hofund. This gold-toothed rider of the horse Gulltoppr is the son of nine mothers and is able to hear grass grow. For 10 points, name this guardian of Bifrost who will blow the Gjallarhorn to announce Ragnarok.
Output: Social Science
He wrote pieces of music like Before a Southern Convent and Landsighting based on the works of the 1903 winner of the Nobel Literature Prize, as Twelve Melodies for the Poetry of A.O. Vinje [VIN-yeh], which reflects his use of both Romanticism and the music of his native country. From his home near Hardanger [HAR-dan-gher], he composed the Holberg Suite, and later gained recognition for his 66 Lyrical Pieces, but is best remembered for his Piano Concerto in A Minor and incidental music to a play about a young rake written by Henrik Ibsen. FTP, name this Norwegian composer famous for Morning and In the Hall of the Mountain King from Peer Gynt.
Output: Fine Arts
This artist portrayed his most famous painting on the wall in a painting with three nude figures changing, and he followed that with a work in which a trombone player stands in the light of the acetylene lamps. In addition to The Models and The Side Show, this artist portrayed his friend Charles Angrand in the first row with a silk hat in an unfinished painting based on a work of the Goncourt brothers called The Circus. A brown dog sits behind a reclining man in a brown hat, both of which are facing the river in Bathers at Asnieres, five figures of which can be found in his most famous work looking across the Seine to the title location. FTP, name this French pointillist artist who also painted a work which contains a monkey on a leash, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte.
Output: Fine Arts
It is prefaced with a quote placing Venus as both Hesperus, the evening star, and the morning star - a quote by Plato. The thirty-sixth stanza makes an allusion to Leigh Hunt's mentoring, and the forty-sixth stanza makes reference to Chatterton, Sidney, and Lucan in echoing the poem's intent. Its fifty-fifth and final stanza ends with the claim that the soul of the title character, "like a star, / Beacons from the abode where the Eternal are. "  Written in 1821, the year of its subject's death, FTP, name this elegy on the death of John Keats composed by Percy Shelley.
Output: Literature
Thomas Patch popularized this man's most famous work in a series of engravings and brought plaster casts of it to England. His autobiography and other assorted writings, which included notes on optics, were collected in his Commentarii, and he was an avid collector of classical sculptures such as the "Bed of Polyclitus. " More famous is this man's work on the shrine of St. Zenobius, as well as statues of John the Baptist, Matthew, and Stephen, while his most famous creations depict scenes such as the visit of the Queen of Sheba and the drunkenness of Noah. Famous for winning a competition against Jacopo della Quercia and Fillippe Brunelleschi, FTP, name this architect who depicted the sacrifice of Isaac on the "gates of paradise" for the Florence baptistry.
Output: Fine Arts
Alexander Calder's "La Grande Voile" was built primarily as a wind block to protect one of this man's buildings. This man used blocky geometric designs to imitate traditional Middle Eastern architecture in his work on Doha's Museum of Modern Art, and created a simple tent-like shape for his Luce Memorial Chapel. He designed the tallest five-sided building in the world, the monolithic JPMorgan Chase Tower in Houston, and assisted his son in the design for UCLA Medical Center. This designer of MIT's Green Building turned over to James Freed and Henry (*) Cobb much of the work on the recent NASCAR Hall of Fame building. This architect used deep setbacks and triangular bracings to protect the Bank of China Tower from Shanghai winds. One of his buildings includes a cantilevered theater over Lake Eerie and an orthogonal tower which rises next to one of his trademark features. That feature was also included by this architect as the entranceway to an underground portion of a famous museum. Noted for designing Clevleland's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, FTP, name this creator of a glass pyramid at the Louvre, a prominent Chinese-American architect.
Output: Fine Arts
He may have suggested Wang Lung use his daughter Diao Chan to bring down a mutual rival, and before the discovery of the Yinqueshan Han Strips, this man's commentaries on The Art of War served as its primary source material. After leading the campaigns against (*) Dong Zhuo, he used emperor Xian to support his wars in the north, which led to victory of Yuan Shao at the Battle of Guandu. Despite drastically outnumbering Sun Quan and Liu Bei, this man lost the Battle of Red Cliffs, dooming his Kingdom of Wei to mismanagement. For 10 points, identify this figure of China's Three Kingdom's period, considered the epitome of ruthless cunning in Chinese history.
Output: History
This author wrote a novel in which the United States is ruled by the tyrannical Buzz Windrip. In another novel by this author of It Can't Happen Here, the shooting of Zilla by her husband Paul Riesling causes Myra's husband to resent his middle-class lifestyle. This man created the fictional city of Zenith, Winnemac, the home of the minister Elmer Gantry. In another of his novels, Erik Valborg has an affair with Carol Kennicott, who grows dissatisfied with Gopher Prairie, Minnesota. For 10 points, name this author of Main Street and Babbitt.
Output: Literature
He created the International Congress of American states while holding his most important position, and his namesake "amendment" attempted to forbid the government from funding any religious school with public funds. His financial transactions with the Little Rock and Fort Smith Railroads were detailed in a series of correspondences with Warren Fisher Jr, which were later released by James Mulligan. Ingersoll referred to him as the "Plumed Knight" during his party's convention, and he blamed Reverend Burchards accusation of Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion for his and John Logans defeat in the 1884 presidential election. FTP, name this longtime Republican senator and two-time Secretary of State, a certain Continental Liar from the state of Maine.
Output: History
This deity is said to cause earthquakes when he writhes in pain because of the poison dripped on him by a snake. He took the form of a mare to give birth to the eight-legged horse Sleipnir. He is the father of the wolf Fenrir, Hel, and the Midgard Serpent. He tricked the blind Hod into killing his brother Baldur with a bow and arrow. He will kill and be killed by Heimdall at Ragnarok. For 10 points, name this trickster from Norse mythology.
Output: Social Science
This lawyer presented the argument that "a law cannot exceed the authority of the lawgiver" in a case involving the selling of D.C. lottery tickets in another state, Cohens v. Virginia. Later, he negotiated a treaty that helped mediate the Caroline Affair. This lawyer argued against a state's right to tax a federal bank in (*) McCulloch v Maryland. He served as Secretary of State under William Henry Harrison and John Tyler and during his time in office negotiated a treaty that settled the border of Maine. This man's "Second Reply to Robert Hayne" during the Nullification Crisis contains the famous phrase, "Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!" For 10 points, name this noted orator, a senator from Massachusetts.
Output: History
This man painted the seminal favorite Old Woman Cooking Eggs. For ten points each: [10] Identify this Spanish artist perhaps better known for his paintings of Spanish royals and also for The Maids of Honor.
Output: Fine Arts
In 406, they crossed the Rhine and ravaged Gaul, before settling in Spain in 409. There, the Asdingi group under Gunderic became the ascendant faction after the Romans dissipated the Silingi and Alani. In 439 Gaiseric established an independent autocracy in North Africa, and from there he led this people to sack Rome in 455. FTP these barbarians and militant Arian Christians.
Output: History
21 (Tiebreaker): Opponents of this war who were called "Blue Lights" due to their supposed support of enemy ships included Fisher Ames and George Cabot and were known as the Essex Junto. Winfield Scott was captured at the Battle of(*) Queenston Heights in this war's Niagara Campaign, and, although one side won the Battle of Bladensburg, they failed to capture Ft. McHenry. The Battle of New Orleans occurred two weeks after the Treaty of Ghent ended this war. For 10 points, name this war between the US and Great Britain, named for the year in which it began.
Output: History
This composer included a Prelude, a Sarabande, a Gavotte, an Air, and a Rigaudon in his five-part suite "in the olden style" based on eighteenth-century dances. He wrote ten volumes containing sixty-six short pieces for solo piano that include "To Spring," "Butterfly," and a work depicting a "Wedding Day" at his own home in Bergen. His piano concerto was influenced by Robert Schumann's piece in the same genre and is also in the key of A minor. This composer of the Holberg Suite and Lyric Pieces wrote incidental music that includes the pieces "Morning Mood" and "In the Hall of the Mountain King." For 10 points, name this composer of the Peer Gynt Suite.
Output: Fine Arts
statement implies that for the liquid drop model, isotopes with unequal numbers of protons and neutrons will have a lower binding energy that decreases with the square of the number difference. This statement can be mathematically represented by determinants composed of spin orbitals, which change sign upon permutation of rows. Another consequence of it is the electron degeneracy pressure that supports the formation of white dwarfs, and it implies that electrons occupying the same orbital must have opposite spins. For 10 points, identify this statement which implies that no two fermions can possess the same quantum numbers, developed by an Austria physicist.
Output: Science
These cytokines were first recognized in 1957 by Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindenmann. The beta, or fibroblast varieties, are made by skin cells; white blood cells make the alpha varieties. The gamma varieties are made by lymphocytes after antigen stimulation and are also called interleukins. For ten points, what class of compounds inhibits the transcription of viral nucleic acid, thus giving them their name.
Output: Science
In the current model, it is held to be mediated by the exchange of intermediate vector bosons. It is only known to occur between leptons and in the decay of hadrons, and is responsible for the beta decay of particles and nuclei. 10 to the 30th times stronger than gravity, FTP, what is this fundamental interaction whose name indicates its relationship to the electromagnetic and strong forces
Output: Science
One character in this work foils the ambitions of William by hiring the "hedge-priest" Sir Oliver Martext to marry him to his love Audrey. Another character in it writes a series of poems to his love interest which he pins on trees after earlier throwing the wrestler Charles. The shepherds Phebe and Silvius are among those married by Hymen in this play. Its protagonists disguised themselves as Aliena and Ganymede and moved to the Forest of Arden to escape the usurper Duke Frederick. For 10 points, identify this play which contains Jaques's "All the world's a stage" speech and ends with the marriages of Oliver and Orlando to Celia and Rosalind.
Output: Literature
His First Piano Concerto was originally dedicated to his mentor, who dismissed it as unplayable, so he dedicated it instead to Hans von Bulow, who conducted its premiere. That mentor Nikolay Rubensteins death inspired his Piano Trio, arguably the only major work between his Violin Concerto and the Manfred Symphony. The horn and bassoon opening theme of his Fourth Symphony is said to represent fate hanging over one's head like a sword, while he claimed to have put [his] whole soul into his Sixth Symphony, which premiered nine days before his death from either suicide or cholera. FTP name this Russian composer of Eugene Onegin and the Nutcracker suite.
Output: Fine Arts
One fateful morning, the protagonist awakes feeling "completely spattered with bird shit," and grabs Divina Flor, the daughter of his kitchen servant, by the pussy. His troubles had begun a day earlier when the wealthy Bayardo San Roman returns his apparently impure bride to her mother Pura, who deals her a savage beating. Angela Vicario then fingers the protagonist as the man who deflowered her, whereupon her twin brothers Pablo and Pedro stab him to death. The death of Santiago Nasar, FTP, is foreshadowed by the narrator of what novel by Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Output: Literature
The husband of the title character of this literary work is a scholar writing a book about the domestic handicrafts of Brabant in the Middle Ages. A recurring theme is the desire to "die beautifully", and is first seen when the protagonist uses her power over her husband's academic rival Eilert Lovborg to convince him to commit suicide, after which Judge Brack tries to blackmail the title character into sleeping with him. FTP, this is a brief description of what play named for the female protagonist, written by Henrik Ibsen.
Output: Literature
This work's narrator takes on a job previously held by a Dane named Fresleven who died in a dispute over some hens. The narrator of this work notes that "the snake had charmed me" in reference to a map he pored over as a child. A Russian assistant to this work's protagonist is called "Harlequin" because of his multicolored clothing. Another character in this work paints a dark portrait of his fiance and ends a report with the line "Exterminate all the Brutes!" This work takes place aboard the Nellie as Charles Marlow describes a man whose lasts words were "The horror, the horror!" For 10 points, name this work by Joseph Conrad about a voyage up the Congo to find Kurtz.
Output: Literature
Painted in Dusseldorf in 1851, this work was such an immediate success that it brought its German-born American artist a commission to paint a mural for the United States Capitol, which culminated in 1860's Westward the Course of Empire Takes its Way. Land can be seen on the left, and a man struggles with an ice floe, while other boats are visible in the right background. Identify this painting by Emanuel Leutze, whose title figure assumes a determined stance in a portrayal of, FTP, an event from Christmas Eve of 1776.
Output: Fine Arts
A protein associated with this molecule is compartmentalized by AKAP. This molecule names the regulatory sequence TGACGTCA. In olfactory sensory neurons, this molecule causes a depolarizing flux of sodium and calcium ions by activating CNG channels. Most of the effects of this molecule are mediated by a certain kinase to whose two regulatory units it binds, releasing its two catalytic subunits; that kinase is protein kinase A. In the liver and muscle, its formation stimulated by epinephrine, which enhances glycogenolysis. Like a related molecule that contains guanosine, it is cleaved by phosphodiesterases. It was discovered by Earl Sutherland. For 10 points, name this secondary messenger that is synthesized from ATP by adenylyl cyclase.
Output: Science
In an important experiment, its beta subunits were bonded to nickel on a glass surface, and an actin filament attached to its gamma subunit was observed. Its mechanism was elucidated in an experiment when sunlight was shone towards artifical vesicles containing bacteriorhodopsin, and it is inhibited by DCCD and oligomycin. The gamma subunit of the F0 rotates as protons pass through, and the proton motive force releases the product of this enzyme. For 10 points, identify this enzyme present in the mitochondrion, which uses chemiosmosis to catalyze the production of a high energy molecule by phophorylating ADP.
Output: Science
One painting shows the artist as this character clasping a young lady on a white sheet, and was painted shortly after the artists model Wally left him. Another painting shows him holding an arrow and peering through an open door while the other title character ignores an angel in favor of a purse, and a third painting shows him herding people through a trap door marked with a cross. In another painting, a cobra watches him riding the wrong way around a racetrack, and an engraving shows him holding an hourglass while the first title character steadfastly ignores him and the pig-snouted third title character. For 10 points, name this character who was depicted by Bosch with the Miser, by Schiele with the Maiden, by Drer with a knight and a devil, and by Ryder on a Pale Horse.
Output: Fine Arts
Based on Plautus's Aulularia, it tells the story of a rich widower who meddles in his childrens affairs with an eye towards increasing his own wealth. He chooses an old man for his daughter Elise's groom, because he requires no dowry, and chooses his son Cleante's beloved Mariane for himself. His greed shows itself, however, when Cleante steals his fathers money box, and ransoms it for Mariane's hand. This is, FTP, what comedy about the stingy Harpagon, written by Moliere.
Output: Literature
One section of this work tells of a blacksmith and a carpenter who are "wasting their time feeding on ashes" since they refuse to acknowledge that "there is no God" but God himself. The last third of this book contains four poems that about a "suffering servant" of the Lord. Another part of this book describes a figure who "took up our pain and bore our sufferings". In the sixth chapter of this work, the narrator is visited by fiery angels who cleanse his (*) mouth of wickedness with a hot coal, after which this book's narrator volunteers himself as a prophet to Israel. This book describes a voice "crying out in the wilderness" in this book predicts the coming one born of a young girl called "Immanuel". For 10 points, name this major prophetical book of the Old Testament that foretells the coming of Christ.
Output: Social Science
These functionalities can be quantitatively detected using Ellman's reagent, and they are produced from aromatic compounds containing para amino and chloro groups by the Herz reaction. They can also be produced by acid hydrolysis of Bunte salts. Like their oxidation products, they produce hydrocarbons in the presence of Raney nickel with no additional hydrogen gas. Like their oxygen-containing counterparts, they can react via a mechanism similar to Williamson synthesis, though they were earlier known for their ability to complex with a mercury atom instead of the hydrogen atom. For 10 points, name these compounds that are oxidized to disulfides, the sulfur-containing analog of alcohols.
Output: Science
This composer's early struggles ended with the publication of his Moravian Duets. He experienced great success with his less-ambitious works like the Scherzo Capriccioso and the Gypsy Songs, but his 10 operas, including Rusalka, were less successful. Although he composed the American String Quartet and the Dumky Trio, today he is known for introducing folk melodies into classical music, notably in the Slavonic Dances. FTP, who was this great Bohemian composer whose 9th symphony is known as the New World Symphony
Output: Fine Arts
While studying in Germany, the protagonist of this novel encounters Weeks, whose knowledge of Greek literature shames Heyward. The protagonist attempts to befriend Miss Price while studying art in France, and loses his virginity to Miss Wilkinson. The protagonist befriends Thorpe Athelney after a long period of poverty partially caused by his destructive relationship with the waitress Mildred, and eventually becomes a doctor. For 10 points, name this novel about the club-footed Philip Carey, written by William Somerset Maugham.
Output: Literature