niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
ruled this city after the Battle of Glisas was won by the Epigoni. The area of this city was first settled by the Ectenes and their ruler Ogygus. Another king of this city was named Labdacus, and. like his predecessor. was killed by the Maenads after outlawing the Bacchanals. A king of Phocis named Pelagon gave the founder of this city a (*) cow which he followed to its location, and that founder defeated the spartoi who sprung up when he planted dragons' teeth. One ruler of this city decrees that Polynices and the other Argives could not be buried after a war, and one man saves this city by answering the Sphinx's riddle. That king is the father of Antigone and sleeps with his mother Jocasta. For 10 points, name this city of Creon and Oedipus.
Output: Social Science
This author of the plays "The Confidential Clerk" and "The Elder Statesman" wrote fan letters to Groucho Marx and kept a picture of him on his mantle beside Yeats and Paul Valery. His second volume of poetry, "Ara vos prec", carries his early cynicism to extremes, as seen in works like "Gerontion" and the Sweeney poems, while his conversion to Anglicanism in the late 1920s is reflected in his late poems, including "Journey of the Magi", "Ash Wednesday", and "Four Quartets". FTP, name this poet probably best known for his long poem "The Waste Land".
Output: Literature
One of the leading players of this instrument in the jazz idiom became popular with the song "Comin' Home Baby" and later released the fusion records London Underground and Memphis Underground. In addition to Herbie Mann, notable players of it included Otto Luening and the founder of the French Wind Quintet, Jean-Pierre Rampal. Currently, James Galway is a noted player of, for 10 points, what woodwind instrument, normally keyed in C, whose variations include the Japanese shakuhachi and the smaller piccolo
Output: Fine Arts
In a poem by Lawrence Ferlinghetti, this titular being finds himself afraid of Coit Tower, but not of Congressman Doyle. A play whose title refers to Sir Francis Crewe and which was written by W.H. Auden and Christopher Isherwood is titled after the one Beneath the Skin. In The Unbearable Lightness of Being, Tomas obtains one of these named Karenin for Tereza. One of these is the subject of an experiment by Professor Preobrazhensky in a Mikhail Bulgakov novella about the heart of one, and nothing is said about one of them named Montmorency in the title of a Jerome Jerome book about Three Men in a Boat. FTP, identify this animal, other examples of which include Dorothy's companion in The Wizard of Oz, Toto.
Output: Literature
This man uses the example of the three different types of names the Penan bestow on a person in the chapter "The Individual as a Species", part of a larger work also addressing "Time Regained". One of his works contains a summary of hallucinogenic plants in the chapter "Mushrooms in Culture" and traced how a myth evolves in "The Story of Asdiwal". This author of A View from Afar addressed the mythology of the titular objects created by Pacific Northwest Indians in The Way of the Masks. His experiences in Brazil were detailed in his memoir, the Sad Tropics. The Origin of Table Manners and the Naked Man are the last two entries in a four volume work beginning with The Raw and the Cook, his Mythologiques. For 10 points, name this author of the Elementary Structures of Kinship, a founding structural anthropologist.
Output: Social Science
One type of these entities is characterized by identical sequences of about 400 repeated base pairs flanked by inverted repeats of about 15 base pairs. Another type of these structures is responsible for causing the condition of hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila. In addition to MITEs and P elements, another type of these structures found abundantly in humans is called Alu elements which are a form of SINEs. The first one to be discovered is the Ac-Ds system which was found during studies of the maize plant. First discovered in 1983 by Barbara McClintock, for 10 points, identify these mobile sequences of DNA that are often nicknamed "jumping genes. "
Output: Science
In one battle in this conflict, the duke of Somerset stationed himself at Linnels bridge, only to be captured after being pushed into Devil's water. In addition to the putting down of a revolt by the marquess of Montagu at the battle of Hexham, this conflict saw a battle in thick fog in which the earl of Oxford's troops cut down a man attempting to reach his horse during the scuffle. Humphrey Stafford died soon after the first battle, after which Warwick entered London to crown Edward IV. The "king maker" is killed at Barnet, while Margaret of Anjou is finally captured following Tewkesbury. Begun following St. Albans, FTP name this series of wars fought between the houses of Lancaster and York.
Output: History
This thinker's development of a non-dialectical path to social organization and liberation stands as a radical exception to bourgeois trajectory of thought according to Antonio Negri's analysis of his thought, The Savage Anomaly. A 1780 public dispute between F. H Jacobi and Gotthold Lessing centered on this man's philosophy. like Hobbes this thinker adopts an amoralist stance regarding "natural right" but unlike Hobbes concludes in one work that democracy and not monarchy is the most natural form of state. In a major work he articulates a substance-monism wherein modes and attributes of that infinite substance give rise to variety and attempted to organize those arguments relating God, substance and humanity in a "Geometrical Manner. " For 10 points, name this author of the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus and Ethics a Dutch Jewish philosopher.
Output: Social Science
The beginnings of this court case can be traced back to the efforts of George Rappelyea, who wished to promote the mining industry in Dayton. Its defendant had violated the Butler Act. The defense attorney in this case called the prosecutor up to the stand and questioned him about the validity of the Bible. Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan were the main figures of, for 10 points, what 1925 court case whose defendant, a high school teacher, broke the law by teaching about evolution
Output: History
Lynda J. Dryden compares this work to The Simpsons in an essay about its impact on popular culture, To Boldy Go. J. Hillis Miller asked Should We Read this work, while Edward Saids book Culture and Imperialism contains an essay about the Two Visions of this work. Another criticism of this work dubs its author a bloody racist; that essay is An Image of Africa by Chinua Achebe. For 10 points, name this novella about Charlie Marlowes journey up the Congo to find Kurtz, by Joseph Conrad.
Output: Literature
One author from this country wrote about the artist Hurtle Duffield Courtney, while the Newby family is killed by a half-native of this country in another work. In addition to The Vivisector and The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith, another novel in this country is written in the style of the Jerilderie Letter, and another tells the story of a German explorer named Voss. Its only Nobel Laureate is Patrick White, while other authors from this country include Nevil Shute Norway, Thomas Keneally, and Peter Carey. For 10 points, name this country, the setting of Oscar and Lucinda, in the outback.
Output: Literature
This opera's premiere at La Scala was marred by the false exclamation that the lead soprano, Rosina Storchio, was pregnant with Arturo Toscanini's child when her dress blew in the wind. It's not Lakme, but this opera sees the title character and her servant sing the Flower Duet while decorating a house. An aria in this opera tells of standing on a hill and predicting the appearance of a (*) white ship. The love duet "Bimba, bimba" is sung in this opera, whose title character also sings "Un bel di" as she awaits the return of her husband in this opera. At the end of this opera, Pinkerton rushes in a moment too late to save his wife Cio-Cio San from committing suicide with her father's knife. For 10 points, name this Giacomo Puccini opera set in Japan.
Output: Fine Arts
The conversion of methionine to S-adenosyl-L-methionine by Met Adenosyltransferase is the first step of the reaction leading to synthesis of this molecule, and the final step involves ACC-oxidase, an enzyme that is made in the presence of auxins. The first genes encoding a receptor for this molecule were found in Arabidopsis and tomatoes, and plants have a variety of responses including inhibition of stomatal closing and acceleration of fruit-ripening. In bromeliads, exposure to this chemical induces flowering, and it is used as an inhalatory anesthetic in moderate does for humans. For ten points, identify this molecule with formula C2H4, the simplest alkene.
Output: Science
In one of his works, the speaker urges to "grow old along with me!" since the "best is yet to be", while the speaker of another of his poems initially thinks that the "hoary cripple, with malicious eye" had "lied in every word." This poet of "Rabbi Ben Ezra" wrote a poem which states, "You need not clap your torches to my face," part of his collection (*) Men and Women. In addition to "Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came" and "Fra Lippo Lippi", this author wrote a poem which tells of a woman whose heart was "too soon made glad" and whose portrait was painted by Fra Pandolf. For ten points, name this English author and husband of poet Elizabeth who wrote "My Last Duchess".
Output: Literature
In the first act of this opera, the aria "Qual occhio al mondo" comforts a woman's suspicions of another woman who has blue eyes. Earlier, those two women are compared in the tenor aria "Recondita armonia", while later a soprano grieves over her painful decision in "Vissi d'arte". The tenor sings "E lucevan le stelle" while writing a farewell letter to his lover in prison. During the second act the title character of this opera reveals the whereabouts of political revolutionary Angelotti to the police chief Scarpia, who reneges on the deal to prevent the execution of painter Mario Cavaradossi. For 10 points, name this opera ending when the titular opera diva jumps off the Castel Sant'Angelo, composed by Puccini.
Output: Fine Arts
One reactant for this reaction is best prepared by an S N 2 nucleophilic addition of a triphenyl compound, followed by elimination of the hydrogen halide by an organolithium reagent. This reaction itself proceeds through a rather unique intermediate formed when the pi electron from the reagents carbon-oxygen double bond migrates to the positively charged pole of one reactant; this intermediate is called a an oxaphosphetane, from which a triphenyl oxide is eliminated to complete the reaction. The aforementioned positively charged pole is on phosphorous because the aforementioned prepared reactant is a phosphorous ylide. For ten points, name this reaction that produces selectively double-bonded alkenes from aldehydes and phosphorous ylides and that is named for the German 1979 Chemistry Nobel winner.
Output: Science
This creator of octave-free teaching pieces known as Gyermekeknek is also responsible for the suite Out of Doors. One piece by this composer is best known for its andante second section, entitled "Through forest aroving, hey-yah! " In addition to Cantata profana, this composer created a piano piece with a movement called "From the Diary of a Fly," a pantomime similar to The Wooden Prince, and a work for Sacher in which a non-standard instrument draws the work to its A-major conclusion. For 10 points, name this composer of Mikrokosmos, The Miraculous Mandarin, and Music for Strings, Percussion & Celesta; a collector of Hungarian folk music.
Output: Fine Arts
The first solution to a nontrivial instance of this problem was presented by Dantzig, Fulkerson, and Johnson in 1954 and employed linear programming technqiues to provide a solution for a graph of 42 nodes. An optimal solution to the "Sweden" instance of this problem, the largest one so far solved, was generated by the (*) Lin-Kernighan heuristic. Formally stated, the problem is to find the Hamiltonian cycle for a weighted graph with the minimum edge cost. For 10 points, identify this NP-hard problem in computer science, based on the task of visiting every city in a territory and returning to the start while driving a minimum distance.
Output: Science
In Book 13 of The Odyssey Odysseus tells Athena he is from this polity, and claims to have killed Orsilochus from this place. Led in the Trojan War by Meriones and Idomeneus, another ruler from here who received advice from its Cave of Zeus was scalded to death after revealing a fugitive using a spiral shell and a thread-that inventor had earlier designed two mechanisms used to avenge Androgeus, a prince of this polity. Site of Heracles's seventh labour, an abduction ending here led to the gifts Talos, Laelaps and an unerring javelin. For 10 points name this polity to which Europa was taken, home of a namesake bull, where Daedalus crafted a labyrinth for the Minotaur, ruled by Minos.
Output: Social Science
This author's innovative writing style was important in the development of poetry in both Spain and Latin America. Born in 1867, he began traveling the world, and while in Buenos Aires organized a group of followers who established the Spanish-American modernist movement, a synthesis of romanticism, Parnassianism, and the symbolist movement. His first collection of poetry, Azul, was published in 1888, and his best piece would come 22 years after that. FTP, name this poet, whose best work was Poem of Autumn, born Felix Ruben Garcia-Sarmiento.
Output: Literature
In this novel, the protagonist has an encounter with John Wilson while delivering a pair of gloves. Governor Bellingham is distressed when a child fails to name God as her creator; that same child refuses to let her father kiss her when they meet by a brook. A key scene in this novel has the protagonist join a man standing upon a (*) scaffold. Robert Chillingworth had earlier been married to the protagonist of this book, who falls in love with the Reverend Dimmesdale. Because of that affair, Hester Prynne is forced to wear the title item upon her breast in, for 10 points, what novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne
Output: Literature
This substance is transported by a heterodimer of OST-alpha and OST-beta, and by NTCP and MRP2. One component of this substance is synthesized by 7-alpha hydroxylase and is conjugated to glycine or taurine. Cholestyramine is used to sequester one component of this substance, which is required to absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K. The vessels that carry this substance produce by gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase; those vessels are called canaliculli. This substance contains degraded porphyrin, and it is secreted into the (*) intestines in order to emulsify fat droplets. This substance is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. For 10 points, name this yellow substance which contains bilirubin, important in digestion.
Output: Science
This author wrote one detective novel, in which art critic Leo Druscovich kidnaps the sculptor Gladys D'Onofrio. In another of this author's novels, characters obsessively listen to the symbolic radio serial The Wounded Captain. That novel includes Celina impersonating her mother Leonor in order to write letters to Nene and the death of the policeman Francisco at the hands of Big Fanny, all of which happens due to the promiscuous affairs of the tubercular Juan Carlos Etchepare. This author described the cow-shooting plumber Josemar in Blood of Requitted Love, and also wrote Pubis Angelical in addition to a story about a student who composes the essay "The Movie I Liked Best," Toto Casals. For 10 points, name this writer of Betrayed By Rita Hayworth, who also created the cellmates Molina and Valentin in Kiss of the Spider Woman. 
Output: Literature
This ruler attacked the custom of smoking in his essay ""A Counterblast to Tobacco,"" and he wrote about witchcraft in his book on demonology. Anthony Weldon dubbed this king ""the wisest fool in all of Christendom. "" This ruler angered Parliament by playing favorites, such as by making George Villiers the Duke of Buckingham. During this man's reign, Guy Fawkes attempted to destroy parliament in the Gunpowder plot. For 10 points, name this son of Mary, Queen of Scots, the successor to Elizabeth I and first Stuart monarch.
Output: History
He nicknamed one of his generals Quintus Icilius after a dispute over the battle of Pharsalus. He was a grandson of George I of England through his mother Sophia Dorothea and his brother Henry was allegedly invited to be emperor of America by Baron von Stuben. He allied with Britain in the Convention of Westminster and despite winning the battle of Rossbach, he was on the verge of collapse before being saved by the Miracle of the House of Brandenburg in the form of the accession of Peter III with the death of the Czarina Elizabeth. He accepted the least amount of land of the powers involved in the First Partition of Poland, but managed to hold on to Silesia which he had taken from Austria following the ascension of Maria Theresa and his rejection of the Pragmatic Sanction. For 10 points name this man who fought the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years War as King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786.
Output: History
A July 2007 speech by this man in Senegal offended Africans by referencing ""African peasants. "" This man gained national attention in the early '90s for attempting to negotiate the release of children taken hostage by a man called the Human Bomb. More recently, this man's government was the subject of a scandal in which politicians were alleged to have received cash-stuffed envelopes at the mansion of Liliane Bettencourt. This politician also made the news after his wedding to (*) singer-model Carla Bruni. For 10 points, name this current president of France.
Output: History
He wrote essays on Goethe and Chekov in Points of View, and his essay on the painter Zurbaran can be found in his The Vagrant Mood. In his middle years he began openly living with his lover Gerald Haxton and began writing short stories like "Trio," "Encore" and "Rain. "  He had more success with plays like East of Suez and Lady Frederick, but his current fame rests on novels. FTP, name this writer who created autobiographical characters like Willie Ashenden and Philip Carey in such novels as Cakes and Ale and Of Human Bondage.
Output: Literature
Justice David Josiah Brewer was out of the country during this case, meaning only eight justices contributed to the final vote. Albion W. Tourge and Samuel F. Phillips each helped prepare briefs for the plaintiff and were the only men to argue for him. William Rehnquist wrote a Random Thought supporting this decision two years prior to the 1954 case that would overturn it. John Marshall Harlan was the lone supporter of the plaintiff, who had previously lost his case against the State of Louisiana, which he claimed had denied him his Fourteenth amendment rights by jailing him for his refusal to sit in a colored train car. For 10 points, name this 1896 Supreme Court case that upheld the doctrine of separate but equal.
Output: History
This artist's last finished work, which shows a mythical bird holding an easel and a wavy magic carpet going across from lower left to upper right, is Tempered Elan. His early works--influenced by Impressionism--include Autumn in Bavaria, and he wrote that "each period of culture produces an art of its own" in his book Concerning the Spiritual In Art. His work showing a person riding a white horse shared its name with a movement led by him and Franz Marc. Several of his works were titled Improvisation or Composition followed by a number; one of them, Improvisation 31 is nicknamed Sea Battle. Name this Russian-born painter who spent his productive years in Germany and painted The Blue Rider.
Output: Fine Arts
The growing influence of Henry St. John led to the end of this conflict, especially after his secret meetings with Torcy. George Rooke capture a massive amount of wealth during one of its battles, while another saw the French Earl of Galway command English troops against French troops under the command of an Englishman, the Duke of Berwick. Seeing clashes at Almansa, Vigo Bay, and (*) Ramillies, its final chapter was marked by the defeat of the Duke of Burgundy at Oudenarde and of Villars at Malplaquet. Eugene of Savoy and the Duke of Marlborough led armies for the victors in, FTP, what conflict that saw the Battle of Blenheim, a war ended by the Treaty of Utrecht and named for Philip V's ascension to the throne of a certain Iberian country
Output: History
During this dynasty, painting and sculpture flourished, as seen in the production of its famous eponymous horses. Buddhism was suppressed and monasteries dissolved during the Hu-chiang period, while its greatest territorial expansions occurred under Hsuan Tsung, whose ambitions were finally checked by the Arabs at the Talas River. Great decline occurred after the An Lu-Shan rebellion, which served as subject material for its great poets, including Tu Fu and Li Po. FTP, what was this 618-907 Chinese dynasty whose name is now associated with astronauts
Output: History
An approximation of it named for Russell uses the TDS value to determine one of its parameters via the Langelier approximation, while one constant that appears in it has units of moles per kilogram to the one half power, according the Bates-Guggenheim convention. Along with Guggenheim, Scatchard and Bronsted improved upon this model by developing the SIT theory, and that model has a better fit than a modification of it named for Davies. This relationship assumes the existence of only long-range interactions, and it was extended to account for Brownian motion by Lars Onsager. It assumes that the solvent is structure-less and that the solution is dilute, and the theory behind it implies that the electrostatic potential falls off exponentially when r is greater than the atomic radius due to screening by counter ions. For 10 points, identify this equation which is used to calculate the activity coefficients, and is named for a German and a Dutch scientist. 
Output: Science
Lindstrom's theorem states that first-order logic is the strongest logic having both this property and satisfying the Lowenheim-Skolem property. A method for finding a Hausdorff space with this property containing a given space is named for Stone and Cech. Equicontinuity is the main condition for determining whether a family of functions has this property by the Arzela-Ascoli theorem. Using the axiom of choice, it can be shown that an arbitrary product of spaces with this property has this property, a result known as Tychonoff's theorem. In Euclidean space, being closed and bounded is sufficient to show, according to the Heine-Borel theorem, that a set has this property. For 10 points, identify this property which holds of a set on which every open cover has a finite subcover.
Output: Science
He described the titular city as "branchy between towers" in his poem "Duns Scotus's Oxford". Another poem says the speaker will not "Despair, not feast on" the title entity, and another title object is predicted to "flame out, like shining from shook foil". In addition to "Carrion Comfort", another poem of his describes the title creature as "morning's minion", "daylight's dauphin", and a "dapple-dawn-drawn Falcon. " Another poem of his praises "Whatever is fickle, freckled" and "skies of couple-colour as a brinded cow". That poem ends by saying "Praise him", referring to its first line, where it urged "Glory be to God for dappled things". For 10 points, identify this author of "God's Grandeur", "Pied Beauty", and "The Windhover", whose masterpiece was The Wreck of the Deutschland.
Output: Literature
In one poem, this man wonders if the title figure seeks "the plashy brink" or "marge of river wide" and concludes confidently that God will "lead" his "steps aright." In that poem, this man asks the title bird "Whither... thou dost thou pursue thy solitary way" This poet opened another work by considering "him who in the love of nature holds communion with her visible forms." For 20 points, name this American poet of "To a Waterfowl" who also wrote a "meditation on death" called "Thanatopsis."
Output: Literature
This man examined the failings of philosophers in debate in a work that outlines thirty-eight methods for winning an argument. Another work by this philosopher opens with a critique of Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals and was the only entry in an essay contest this man still failed to win. This thinker claimed that anyone who could read Phenomenology of Mind "without feeling as if he were in a madhouse, would qualify as an inmate for Bedlam." This author of The Art of  (*) Being Right and On the Basis of Morality used the phrase "operating on a blind man's cataracts" to characterize reading Kant in a work whose fourth book, "Ethics," delves into Eastern philosophy and specifically self-denial following a discussion of aesthetics. Describing unobservable truth as a "thing-in-itself," for 10 points, name this author of On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason and The World as Will and Representation.
Output: Social Science
One of these is emitted in the Auger Effect, and these particles were detected in a Faraday box after a nickel target was rotated, which allowed for the calculation of lattice spacing and confirmed the de Broglie hypothesis. These particles scatter photons in the Compton Effect, and they were the first particles hypothesized to exhibit spin. For 10 points, name these elementary particles that were the focus of the Davisson-Germer experiment, orbit the nucleus of an atom, and have a negative charge.
Output: Science
Of these, we learn that theres a flame / Whose light still shines / Leading us on / Through fields and bridges in a David Byrne song about the Carnival type. Spiders dancing on the wall are in an Ozzy Osbourne tune about the ghosts behind them. Jimi Hendrix says I realize that Ive been hypnotized in a song about the gypsy kind, while the Velvet Underground says the fact that you are married only proves youre my best friend in another song about these. For ten points, name these objects which belong to Bette Davis in a song by Kim Carnes and whose blue variety Roger Daltrey is behind in a the Who song.
Output: Literature
This philosopher's early works were derided as the "perfection of rottenness" by William James, referring particularly to his book Interpretations of Poetry and Religion. He wrote a book on aesthetics which defined beauty as "pleasure regarded as a quality of the thing." He wrote a book on epistemology which argues against Cartesianism and claims that the human belief in matter is unavoidable; that book declares that "philosophy begins in medias res." This philosopher is known for his aphorisms, such as "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." For 10 points, name this Spanish-American philosopher who wrote The Sense of Beauty and Scepticism and Animal Faith.
Output: Social Science
In the Thioreskssaga, he was the grandson of the King of Spain, wielded the sword Garm, and rode the fearless horse Grani, an offspring of Sleipnir. After killing Fafnir he captured the Andvaranant and was married before falling under the spell of Grimhild. Forgetting his wife, he married Gundrun, and was eventually slain by Gundrun's brother Guttorm. FTP identify this husband of Brunhilde and hero of the Ring Cycle. 	
Output: Fine Arts
Zeinab and Kathema and The Retrospect are among the short poems of this author among the miscellany now called The Esdaile Notebook. His verse play satirizing George IVs attempts to bar his wife Caroline from her privilege to the throne, Oedipus Tyrannus, or Swellfoot the Tyrant, was suppressed, as was an 1811 pamphlet which got him and Thomas Hogg expelled from Oxford, The Necessity of Atheism. Better known is his elegy which concludes that his friends soul like a star,/Beacons from the abode where the Eternal are, and his avian ode that begins, Hail to thee, Blithe Spirit! Author of Adonais and To a Skylark was, for 10 points, what Romantic who also wrote Ode to the West Wind
Output: Literature
One of this author's poems condemns a man who goes to parties and steals people's napkins, and another describes a voyage home on a boat that resembles a bean pod. This author addressed his town Sirmio as the most pleasant of peninsulas, and asks for more kisses than grains of sand in the desert in another poem. He translated Callimachus's poem The Lock of Berence, and this member of the Neoteric group dedicated his collection of poems called nugae to Cornelius Nepos. This figure's more famous poems include one about the death of his lover's sparrow, and one beginning ave atque vale on the death of his brother. For 10 points, name this Roman poet who wrote poems to Lesbia.
Output: Literature
This author outlined his views on religion in works like "The Human Abode of the Religious Function" and A Common Faith. This philosopher argued that knowledge is obtained from active interaction with an organism's environment in his article "The (*) Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology. " In addition to arguing that the state arose out of subsequently larger local organizations in one work, this philosopher argued that public habits must be cultivated early in life. He outlined his views on aesthetics in Art and Experience, and in his most famous work, this philosopher defined the title subject as the "social continuity of life" and argued that it should be structured with experimentation to prepare children for a creative life. For ten points, identify this philosopher who wrote The School and Society and Democracy and Education, an American Pragmatist.
Output: Social Science
Motifs in one of this author's novels include street lamps and ribbons, which stop appearing after the protagonist sees that his now-elderly lover has white hair. Another novel by this writer details an agricultural fair at Yonville in real time. In that novel, the protagonist attends Lucia di Lammermoor with a man who works as a "health doctor" because he is not good enough to be a real doctor. This author wrote a novel in which Marie Arnoux carries on an affair with Frederic Moreau. His most famous character, married to Charles, romances Leon and Rodolphe before drinking arsenic. For 10 points, name this author of A Sentimental Education and Madame Bovary.
Output: Literature
This musician died in 1976 in seclusion at the New Jersey estate of Pannonica de Koenigswarter, his patron, after whom he named one of his songs. He was house pianist at Minton's in Harlem in the early 1940s, where he greatly influenced the playing of Bud Powell. Known for his odd habit of getting up and doing a shuffling dance when moved by his or his sidemen's playing, his studio album Brilliant Corners gave a boost to John Coltrane's career. FTP name this composer of "'Round Midnight" and subject of the film Straight, No Chaser.
Output: Fine Arts
He failed to win the Prix de Rome five times. His piano cycles include Miroirs and Gaspard de la Nuit, and he was fascinated by the east as evidenced by Tzigone, a work inspired by gypsy music. He composed adaptations of three of Tristan Klingsor's Sherezade poems and wrote two full length operas, The Spanish Hour and The Child and His Spells. FTP, name this French composer who modified Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition, most famous for his repetitive Bolero.
Output: Fine Arts
A mixture of this compound and hydrogen peroxide is used in the Piranha clean. This compound is produced along with hydrogen iodide in the Bunsen reaction, part of a cycle used to produce hydrogen gas. This compound is reacted with sodium chloride in the Mannheim process and is useful in the production of fertilizer because it is added to apatite in the "wet method" of phosphoric acid production. This compound can reversibly add a blocking group to benzene rings and protonates nitric acid for electrophilic aromatic substitution. A vanadium-five oxide catalyst is used for the production of this compound in the contact process. For 10 points, name this diprotic acid with formula H2SO4.
Output: Science
Its main musical adherent was Jakob von Domselaer, whose minimalist works were called Experiments in Artistic Style; and its magazines first cover was designed by Vilmos Huszr. Although its ideas were often publicized by Mies van der Rohe, the only building to entirely follow this movements principles was Gerrit Rietvelds Schrder House in Utrecht. Inspired by the philosophy of Nieuwe Beelding or neoplasticism, as well as neoplatonic notions of perfect forms, this movements adherents included other architects such as J.J.P. Oud as well as visual artists like Theo van Doesburg, who published its eponymous journal from 1917 until his death, which led to the fragmentation of the movement in 1931. FTP name this largely Dutch art movement which Piet Mondrian rejected after other members use of overly dynamic diagonal, rather than vertical and horizontal, lines.
Output: Fine Arts
This ruler launched an expedition against the Welsh prince Maredudd of Deheubarth. This ruler issued the Edict of Enham and the Edict of Bath, which recommended nation-wide fasting. Sigeric served as Archbishop of Canterbury during this mans reign, but this mans closed advisor was the Bishop of Worcester, Wulfstan. This mans reign saw an invasion led by Thorkhell the Tall, who this ruler had to pay off. This mans general Byrhtnoth [burh-t-noth] defeated King Olaf Tryggvason of Norway at the Battle of Maldon. This mans predecessor was killed by Queen Elfrida and became known as Edward the Martyr. For ten points, name this ruler whose St. Brices Day Massacre led Sweyn Forkbeard to invade England and who once defecated into the baptismal font en route to becoming an ineffective Saxon King of England.
Output: History
The protagonist of this novel throws a snowball at Gerstacker after asking him whether he can drive the protagonist around, to which Gerstacker replies, "What do you mean" A conversation with Pepi, a substitute barmaid, is found in the remaining eighty pages of this work, which were found among its author's papers. The protagonist works as a school janitor after the mayor disregards his letter from Klamm and learning that his services were erroneously requested by the title structure. Ending with Frieda leaving with Jeremiah instead of the protagonist, who still has not heard from Count Westwest about working as a land surveyor, FTP, name this novel about K.s frustrating inability to penetrate the title building, by Franz Kafka.
Output: Literature
This man designed St. Paul's Church in Cedar Rapids, Iowa and Madison, Wisconsin's Bradley House. He designed the three-zoned Guaranty Building in Buffalo with his partner (*) Dankmar Adler, and the two also collaborated on the Transportation Building for the 1893 Columbian Exposition. He also designed the Carson Pirie Scott department store and a red, ten-story skyscraper in St. Louis. For 10 points, name this architect of the Chicago School and mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, known for the saying "Form follows function" and designing the Wainwright Building.
Output: Fine Arts
This man's father was a noted pigeon enthusiast who died while in a pigeon house as it fell off a cliff. This man also pioneered the mubayyin verse form, which can be seen in his book of the same name. When the astrologer Muhammad Sharif predicted that this man would decisively lose a battle at Khanua, this man vowed not to touch wine and ordered all his booze to be dumped down a well to boost his troops' morale. After the defeat of the kingdom of Herat by the Uzbeks, this Timurid established a weak kingdom in Kabul. Dilawar Khan and Alam Khan had approached this man to seek his help in defeating Ibrahim of the Lodi dynasty, which he easily accomplished at the Battle of Panipat. For 10 points, identify this father of Humayun and founder of the Mughal dynasty.
Output: History
One of his books analyzed such documents as a picture of a woman lying on the floor with bent legs in front of a bemused man in a three-piece suit, which this author argued communicated a message even though the text was too blurry to read. In addition to writing Gender Advertisements, he described the procedures for boarding a bus or navigating a crowded elevator in his (*) Interaction Ritual. His major work draws on a theory first developed by George Herbert Mead, symbolic interactionism, to explain the "dramaturgical approach" to ordinary behavior. For 10 points, name this Canadian sociologist who wrote The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.
Output: Social Science
In one of his operas, a woman says goodbye to her family and promises to "die of love and happiness" in the aria "Non vi turbate, no. " In another of this man's operas, a group of women pretend to be the Furies in order to scare Lucas away from marrying Colette. In addition to The Drunkard Reformed, he wrote an opera which opens with the "Dance of the Blessed Spirits. " With Raniere de Calzabigi, he wrote a manifesto on the "reform opera," and the pair put their principles into action with Il Trionfo di Clelia, Armide, and the story of a man retrieving his wife from the underworld. FTP, name this German composer of Alceste and Orfeo ed Euridice.
Output: Fine Arts
This quantity is the intensive variable added to internal energy when calculating enthalpy. Fugacity gives a real-world representation of this quantity, which is divided by density in the incompressible equation of Bernoulli's Principle. It is directly proportional to temperature by Gay-Lussac's Law. Measured in pascals, it is, according to Boyle's Law, inversely proportional to volume. For 10 points, name this force per unit area whose atmospheric type is measured by a barometer.
Output: Science
One participant in this incident invented a man named Boomer in order to replace an agreement made with H. M. Hoxie, and one phase of this incident was carried out by the Seven Trustees, including John B. Alley and Sidney Dillon. The early stages of it involved the purchase of an organization formed by Duff Green, the Pennsylvania Fiscal Agency. This scandal was largely caused by the actions of Thomas C. Durant and a man who financed the publication of the women's rights newspaper The Revolution, George Francis Train. It was reported on by the New York Sun after congressmen were bribed with discounted stock in a scheme concocted by Oakes Ames. This scandal involved illegally giving contracts to a subsidiary company, and most notably implicated in it was Schuyler Colfax. For 10 points, name this scandal involving a namesake construction company being contracted by the Union Pacific Railroad, occurring during Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.
Output: History
He wrote the lines, "All along the valley, while I walked today, the two and thirty years were a mist that rolls away" in one poem, while another poem by this author begins, "I had a vision when the night was late: a youth came riding toward a palace-gate". In addition to "In the Valley of Cauteretz" and "Vision of Sin", this author wrote, "Now folds the lily all her sweetness up" and "Now droops the milkwhite peacock like a ghost" in one poem, and discussed how "the wind is raving in turret and tree" in one work which also describes how "the earl was fair to see" before being stabbed to death. This author of "Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal" and "The Sister's Shame" wrote a more well-known work which claims that "all experience is an arch wherethrough gleams that untraveled world" and describes "an idle king" who has "drunk delight of battle with [his] peers" before ending with the line, "to strive, to seek, to find and not to yield". For 10 pointsname this author of "Ulysses" who described the death of a certain six hundred in the "Valley of Death" in his "Charge of the Light Brigade".
Output: Fine Arts
In one of this author's novels, Joseph Grand struggles to write the perfect sentence, and Jean Tarrou dies despite the efforts of Dr. Bernard Rieux. This author wrote about a disease that strikes Oran in The Plague. A novella by this man begins with the sentence, "Maman is dead today;" in that novel, Mersault is executed for shooting an Arab "because of the sun." For 10 points, name this French existentialist author of The Stranger.
Output: Literature
The protagonist of this work earns a pile in a loaning business started with principle won from an essay contest. The protagonist was once beaten with a stump when he claimed that Byron was better than Tennyson, and gets in a long debate with the Master of Studies over using the word "tundish" instead of "funnel. " This work includes an argument in which Mr. Casey claims to have hocked a tobacco-laced loogey in the face of a Catholic, much to Dante Riordan's chagrin. Its protagonist is spurred to holiness by Father Arnall's hellish sermon, and it begins with a story about a "moocow" and "Baby Tuckoo. " For 10 points, name this work about Stephen Dedalus, by James Joyce.
Output: Literature
A paper by Whlean et al. found that it can be used more effectively than the Lopatin method with fast-reacting kerogens in defining the oil or gas production windows in sediments. A similar equation that produces the same output can generate concave, convex, or linear like this equation, but has the advantage of being able to be applied to all mixed phase reactions and is known as the Eyring equation. One component in it is related to the frequency of molecular collisions. It can be modified in the case where the pre-exponential factor is proportional to T raised to a constant, an equation also modified by B, a temperature independent constant. Originally discovered experimentally by J. J. Hood, FTP, identify this equation that relates how temperature affects the velocity of a chemical reaction, named for its Swedish formulator.
Output: Science
A work by this man ends with the title character flinging himself off a tall spire, which he has climbed after being pressed to do so by a girl to whom he promised a kingdom. Another of his works is about a man who discovers that the water used in his town's baths is contaminated. This man wrote a work about a woman who takes out a loan from Krogstad, who tries to blackmail Nora into having her husband Torvald reinstate him to his former job. For 10 points, The Master Builder, The Enemy of the People, and A Doll's House are by what Norwegian playwright
Output: Literature
A major point of this novel is its questioning of freedom, as the characters only seem to understand love upon separation from each other. The character Cottard constantly fears arrest and punishment, while Tarrous calm atheism contrasts with the fire and brimstone words of Father Paneloux, at whom the protagonist screams upon witnessing the death of a young boy. Opening with the death of the concierge at Dr. Rieuxs building, for ten points, name this novel about humanitys reaction to widespread disease and hopelessness, written by Albert Camus
Output: Literature
This man was referred to as hypolispos after he sat down for so long that he left his buttocks behind attached to some rocks. Diodorus Siculus states that he was responsible for incorporating many demes into his kingdom. This man's son Acamas was one of the figures that hid in the Trojan Horse. While travelling around Scyros, this man was murdered by King Lycomedes. In his early life, he took a path around the Saronic Gulf that featured six entrances to the underworld. He was good friends with the king of the Lapiths that was named Pirithous. He made the Amazon Hippolyta his wife. During one adventure, he killed the year-king Cercyon and a figure that fit people to his bed, Procrustes. This man left Athens in a black-sailed ship and successfully returned after leaving Ariadne on Naxos. For 10 points, name this hero, a slayer of the Minotaur.
Output: Social Science
An alligator and three turban-clan men on horseback attack the titular black African mammal in this artists painting The Hippopotamus Hunt. This artist portrayed Triton blowing a seashell beneath Cybele and Neptune in his painting The Union of Earth and Water, and his more violent paintings include Allegory of Peace and War and the recently discovered Massacre of the Innocents. His wife Hlne Fourment modeled for his paintings The Three Graces and The Garden of Love. He also painted a cycle of canvases about Marie de Medici, as well as a painting of men trying to raise the body of Christ, The Elevation of the Cross. For 10 points, name this Baroque Flemish painter known for his fleshy nudes.
Output: Fine Arts
One conflict in this state was initiated by an attack on its namesake resident, Thomas Cresap, while another conflict here was Coode's Rebellion. That rebellion was launched in part because this state had thus far failed to recognize the new rulers of England who had taken power during the (+) Glorious Revolution, perhaps because many of the residents of this state were of a religion notably supported by this state's Toleration Act. Founded in part as a haven for (*) Catholics by the Calvert family, for 10 points name this state whose largest city is also named for a member of that family, Lord Baltimore.
Output: History
The arts tower of Sheffield University is a nearly identical half-scale copy of this structure, which sits across the street from the Lever house. Mark Rothko revoked his series of paintings for the restaurant in this structure after realizing how expensive it was, and a backdrop for The Three Cornered Hat by Pablo Picasso now hangs there. Sculptures by Willem de Koonig and Henry Moore were at times placed off-center in the buildings plaza, while large reflecting pools grace its North and South faces. Featuring the 24-hour Brasserie restaurant along with the Four Seasons, this is, FTP, what Park Avenue skyscraper designed by Philip Johnson and Mies van der Rohe
Output: Fine Arts
One of his novels quotes the Jules Supervielle poem The Adjacent Room and is largely a long conversation between the narrator and a Parisian aristocrat, the Comte de Branly. In another of his novels, he included newspaper articles and contradictory flashbacks about a night in which the Monks and Franz are encountered by Elizabeth and Javier at Cholula. In addition to Distant Relations and A Change of Skin, he wrote a novel that features the time-travelling Pollo Phoibee, who transforms into a son of Philip II of Spain. He wrote a historical novel about the Pancho Villa-seeking Ambrose Bierce, while in another of his novels, the title tycoon hallucinates about the Mexican revolution on his deathbed. FTP, name this author of Aura, The Old Gringo, and The Death of Artemio Cruz.
Output: Literature
To the Otomi and Chichimecs, the Milky Way was the body of one of these creatures named Camaxtli. Gukumatz, a Mayan deity who helps Huracan create the world, takes the form of this animal. During bloodletting rituals, Mayans would attempt to speak to this kind of creature, who might put them into contact with deceased relatives that would crawl out of this creatures mouth. Along with the adjective turquoise, the name of this animal is given to the weapon of the war god Huitzilopochtli. The goddess of women who die in childbirth, Coatlicue, owns a belt made from these creatures. For ten points, name this animal that was being eaten by an eagle on a cactus at the site where Tenochtitlan was built, a type of reptile with no legs.
Output: Social Science
The night prior to this battle saw Walk-in-the-Water defect to the American side with sixty followers. The Americans pursued the British, who retreated from Malden and fortified themselves at this site. Precipitated by the cavalry charge of Colonel Richard Johnson, the English were quickly routed under General Proctor, though stiff fighting came from their Native American allies under Tecumseh, who died at this battle. FTP, identify this battle of the War of 1812 that proved a victory for General William Henry Harrison, named after an English river.
Output: History
This quantity can be defined as minus the temperature times the derivative of entropy with respect to particle number. The Gibbs factor is a generalization of the Boltzmann factor that takes this quantity into account. Usually defined as the derivative of the Helmholtz free energy with respect to particle number, FTP name this quantity which governs particle flow, as particles flow from systems with higher values to systems with lower values.
Output: Science