niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Question: What year did Sounds of Blackness win the grammy awards? Passage:Members of Brainstorm continued their musical careers with other bands or in production. Woods later went on to perform as part of the Parliament-Funkadelic collective in touring sets around the world. Sims became the trumpeter for the Sounds of Blackness, which won two Grammy Awards during the 1990s. Bright went on to play trombone with the funk band Cameo for over twenty five years, and later released an album with other former Cameo members Aaron Mills, and Thomas TC Campbell, known as MCB (which was also the title of their album). Trenita (Treaty) Womack performs regularly with the Funk Brothers as well as a wide variety of other artists, and appeared in Standing in the Shadows of Motown (film), an award-winning documentary, as percussionist. Gerald (Jerry) Kent has produced a BMI-affiliated self-published CD in 2006, under the name Kent's Way Overdue entitled Tone Paintings, an original jazz-fusion guitar-based collection of instrumental cuts. He also plays guitar and bass with the IDMR Detroit Choir, which choir was used in the closing scenes of Standing in the Shadows of Motown (film), singing background harmony behind Chaka Khan in a Grammy 2003 winning performance of What's Going On. William Wooten, who joined the band after the first album playing keyboards, now tours with The Dramatics and The Spinners. Lamont Johnson released several solo albums and teaches bass. Renell Gonsalves performs with a wide variety of artists, as a skillful Latin-jazz percussionist (His father was renowned jazz saxophonist Paul Gonsalves, late of the Duke Ellington band). Professor RJ Ross has written and co-produced a number of music projects with well-known artists in California including a 2008 CD "Face to Face".

Output: b
Question: How many opera's had Michael Arne written by the year Dignum launched his public career? Passage:Linley launched him on his public career in spring 1784, at first in the Handel memorial concerts at Westminster Abbey and the Pantheon, and then at Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, where he first appeared as Young Meadows in Love in a Village: 'His figure was rather unfavourable for the part, but his voice was so clear and full-toned, and his manner of singing so judicious, that he was received with great applause.' His next role was Cymon in Michael Arne's opera. In a busy first year he was well-received, appearing in various roles, and made his place alongside many well-established performers. 'On the removal of the elder Bannister to the Royalty Theatre, Dignum succeeded to a caste of parts more suited to his person and his voice, which was a fine tenor. Amongst other characters those of Hawthorn' (Love in a Village) 'and Giles' (The Maid of the Mill) (libretti by Isaac Bickerstaffe, 1762 and 1765 respectively) 'particularly suited him: indeed he was thought superior in them to any actor that had appeared since the days of John Beard, their original representative.' Dignum was the original performer of Crop the miller, in Stephen Storace's No song, no supper, and of Abdalla in Storace's Dido, Queen of Carthage. He was also well known as Tom Tug in Dibdin's The Waterman, in which role there is an illustration of him in the Garrick Club.

Output: a
Question: Who removed the governor that was the father-in-law of the commander or the 73rd Regiment? Passage:In April 1809 the regiment raised a second battalion in Nottingham from local militia companies and lost its Highland status due to recruiting difficulties, becoming the 73rd Regiment of Foot. The 1st Battalion embarked at Yarmouth for a seven-month journey to New South Wales, Australia in May 1809. The battalion's role was to ensure the newly appointed New South Wales Governor Lachlan Macquarie was able to govern after the previously appointed governor William Bligh was deposed by leading members of the New South Wales Corps (102nd Regiment of Foot) in the Rum Rebellion. There in 1810 they received a draft of men from the New South Wales Corps. The 73rd Regiment was under the command of Maurice Charles O'Connell who married Mary Putland, the widowed daughter of William Bligh in May 1810, which created ongoing tension with the leaders of the Rum Rebellion (such as John Macarthur) who were highly influential members of society within New South Wales. To reduce these tensions, the main body of the battalion left New South Wales in April 1814 on the General Hewitt for Ceylon. During the tour in Ceylon the battalion was under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Andrew Giels, whose children, along with hundreds of wounded men of the regiment, perished in May 1815 in the wreck of the Arniston after visiting him there.

Output: b
Question: Did the player who Fernández's draft rights were traded along with attend college in the United States? Passage:On June 28, 2007, Fernández was taken 24th overall in the NBA draft by the Phoenix Suns, who subsequently traded his draft rights along with James Jones to the Portland Trail Blazers for cash. Rudy Fernández announced at a press conference on Friday, June 6, 2008, that he would leave DKV Joventut to join the Portland Trail Blazers for the 2008–09 NBA season, and he signed a contract with the Blazers on July 1. "They [Portland] have shown a lot of interest in getting me and have assured me that I will be an important part in the team", he said. Fernández joined the NBA team on September 22, 2008. He became the eighth Spaniard to play in the NBA. For the 2008–09 NBA season he joined several other fellow Spaniards in the league that included Pau and Marc Gasol, Jose Calderón, and Trail Blazers teammate Sergio Rodríguez. He entered the NBA following his participation with the Spain national team at the 2008 Olympic basketball tournament in Beijing, China.

Output: b
Question: Which of the battles in which Hamilton commanded during  the War of the Spanish Succession lasted the longest?  Passage:Lord Archibald Hamilton of Riccarton and Pardovan (1673 – 5 April 1754) was a Scottish officer of the Royal Navy, and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1708 and 1747. In the 1690's, he was active in the English Channel pursuing French privateers, including Tyger out of St Malo. He commanded the third-rate at the Battle of Vigo Bay in October 1702 and then commanded the third-rate at the Battle of Málaga in August 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession. He was a controversial Governor of Jamaica. He then joined the Board of Admiralty, ultimately serving as Senior Naval Lord. 

Output: a
Question: How many years did the legendary king that created the Dal Riata rule for? Passage:Dál Riata is said to have been founded by the legendary king Fergus Mór (Fergus the Great) in the 5th century. The kingdom reached its height under Áedán mac Gabráin (). During his reign Dál Riata's power and influence grew; it carried out naval expeditions to Orkney and the Isle of Man, and assaults on the Brittonic kingdom of Strathclyde and Anglian kingdom of Bernicia. However, King Æthelfrith of Bernicia checked its growth at the Battle of Degsastan in 603. Serious defeats in Ireland and Scotland during the reign of Domnall Brecc (died 642) ended Dál Riata's "golden age", and the kingdom became a client of Northumbria for a time. In the 730s the Pictish king Óengus I led campaigns against Dál Riata and brought it under Pictish overlordship by 741. There is disagreement over the fate of the kingdom from the late 8th century onwards. Some scholars have seen no revival of Dál Riatan power after the long period of foreign domination ( to ), while others have seen a revival under Áed Find (736–778). Some even claim that the Dál Riata usurped the kingship of Fortriu. From 795 onward there were sporadic Viking raids in Dál Riata. In the following century, there may have been a merger of the Dál Riatan and Pictish crowns. Some sources say Cináed mac Ailpín (Kenneth MacAlpin) was king of Dál Riata before becoming king of the Picts in 843, following a disastrous defeat of the Picts by Vikings. The kingdom's independence ended sometime after, as it merged with Pictland to form the Kingdom of Alba.

Output: a
Question: How tall is the player that was brought back to Boston in a February 24, 2005 trade that involved Payton? Passage:Prior to the 2004–05 season, the Lakers traded Payton and Rick Fox to the Boston Celtics for center Chris Mihm, small forward Jumaine Jones and point guard Chucky Atkins. While Payton expressed displeasure with the trade, he ultimately did report to Boston and began the 2004–05 season as the Celtics' starting point guard. On February 24, 2005 Payton was traded to the Atlanta Hawks in a deal that brought former Celtic Antoine Walker back to Boston. The Hawks then waived Payton immediately following the trade, and he returned a week later to Boston as a free agent. Payton started all 77 games he played for Boston and averaged 11.3 points per game and 6.1 assists as the Celtics won the Atlantic Division before losing in the first round to the Indiana Pacers.

Output: a
Question: How much did it cost to attend Stanford the year Mairson got his Ph.D. there? Passage:Mairson received a B.A. in Mathematics from Yale University in 1978 and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Stanford University in 1984 under the supervision of Jeffrey Ullman. His Ph.D. thesis, The Program Complexity of Searching a Table, won the Machtey Award at the 1983 IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS). Mairson was a Postdoctoral researcher at INRIA Rocqencourt from 1984 to 1985, at Stanford University in 1985, and at the University of Oxford in 1986. He held a Visiting Professor position from 1999 to 2001 at Boston University. From 2005 to 2007, Mairson has served as the Chair of the Faculty Senate at Brandeis. He is currently an Associate Editor of the journal Logical Methods in Computer Science and Information and Computation, and sits on the editorial board of Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation.

Output: a
Question: What skiier placed first in the 2007 giant slalom event where Karlsen finished sixth? Passage:Truls Ove Karlsen (born 25 April 1975 in Oslo) is a retired Norwegian alpine skier. He made his Alpine Skiing World Cup debut in Sölden in 2001. He made a total of 143 World Cup starts, finishing third in a slalom in Sestriere in December 2002 and scoring his only World Cup win in a slalom in Kranjska Gora in February 2004, leading home team-mate Tom Stiansen in a Norwegian one-two ahead of Austrian Mario Matt. His best World Cup seasons were 2003 and 2004, where he finished eighth in the slalom standings. His best results at the Alpine Skiing World Championships were achieved at the 2007 Championships in Åre, where he finished sixth in the giant slalom and seventh in the slalom. He represented Norway at the 2010 Winter Olympics. Karlsen announced his retirement from competition in February 2013. Since then he has worked as a personal trainer. He graduated from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology with a bachelor's degree in History and Psychology in 2004, and started studies for a master's degree in law at the University of Oslo in 2013.

Output: a
Question: Who were the two lead generals of the battle where Dashwood commanded the HMS Norge? Passage:Afterwards Dashwood took eight American merchantmen, and on 15 June 1812, he captured the Hope, a merchant ship off the north of Gothland. On 14 August 1812 he was appointed captain of HMS Cressy of 74 guns, and given a piece of plate by the officers of HMS Pyramus. After serving in the North Sea under Admiral Sir William Young, Dashwood escorted a convoy to the West Indies, whence he returned with another of equal importance. At the review of the fleet at Spithead, in the summer of 1814, he steered the Royal barge. Afterwards he took part, commanding HMS Norge of 74 guns, in the Battle of New Orleans, where he assisted Admiral Pulteney Malcolm in the debarkation of the army, being reported by Sir Alexander Cochrane. He was also present at the Battle of Lake Borgne, where a few gunboats of the Norge, in company with other small vessels, captured five American gunboats. In 1815, when at anchor in Port Royal, his ship was struck by lightning, which broke the main-topgallant-mast in three pieces, shivered the maintop-mast and brought the mizentop-mast and topgallant-mast down on to deck. In 1821 he was given command of HMS Windsor Castle of 74 guns, and HMS Impregnable, of 104 guns, as Cochrane's flag-captain. He recommissioned Windsor Castle on 4 January 1822, as part of the guard-ships in Hamoaze. In 1825 he was put onto half-pay, and was made a rear-admiral on 22 July 1830. He assumed the rank of vice-admiral on 23 November 1841. Charles died while at service, on 21 September 1847. Consequently, on 22 September 1847, the Admiralty promoted him posthumously to the rank of admiral.

Output: b
Question: How old was the king when he conferred a title on Viscount Netterville? Passage:Viscount Netterville was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1622 for Nicholas Netterville, 1st Viscount Netterville (1581–1654), son of John Netterville of Dowth, County Meath. He was a favorite of King James I of England who in 1622 conferred the title on him "in consideration of his many good qualities". He suffered considerable financial hardship during the English Civil War when the English Parliament, after the failure of the Royalist cause, sequestered his estates, along with those of his eldest son, John, the 2nd Viscount. During the Irish Rebellion of 1641 John, who was adhered to Roman Catholicism, was accused of favouring the rebels, and it does not seem that either side to the conflict fully trusted him. Possibly for this reason his son Nicholas, the 3rd Viscount, had some difficulty after the Restoration of Charles II in recovering the family estates. Because of Nicholas's loyalty to James II the estates were again forfeited after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, but were later restored to his son John, the 4th Viscount. 

Output: b
Question: What other videos did the person who directed the music video for "Any Ol' Barstool" dircect? Passage:"Any Ol' Barstool" is a song written by Deric Ruttan and Josh Thompson and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean. It was released in December 5, 2016 by Broken Bow Records as the third single from Aldean's seventh album They Don't Know (2016). "Any Ol' Barstool" gave Aldean his thirteenth number-one hit on the US Billboard Country Airplay chart and his eleventh top 5 hit on the Hot Country Songs chart. It also reached outside the top 50 on the Hot 100 chart. The song achieved similar chart success in Canada, reaching number one on the Canada Country chart and number 100 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart. It was certified Gold by Music Canada for selling over 40,000 units in that country. An accompanying music video for the single, directed by Shaun Silva, features Aldean playing in an empty bar against the story of a quarreling couple.

Output: a
Question: How many years after the Venetian Republic was established was Palmanova founded? Passage:On 7 October 1593, the superintendent of the Venetian Republic founded a revolutionary new kind of settlement: Palmanova. The city’s founding date commemorated the victory of the Christian forces (supplied primarily by the Italian states and the Spanish kingdom) over the Ottoman Turks in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, during the War of Cyprus. Also honored on 7 October was Saint Justina, chosen as the city's patron saint. Using all the latest military innovations of the 16th century, this small town was a fortress in the shape of a nine-pointed star, designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi. Between the points of the star, ramparts protruded so that the points could defend each other. A moat surrounded the town, and three large, guarded gates allowed entry. The construction of the first circle, with a total circumference of , took 30 years. Marcantonio Barbaro headed a group of Venetian noblemen in charge of building the town, Marcantonio Martinego was in charge of construction, and Giulio Savorgnan acted as an adviser. A second phase of construction took place between 1658 and 1690, and the outer line of fortifications was completed between 1806 and 1813 under the Napoleonic domination. The final fortress consists of: 9 ravelins, 9 bastions, 9 lunettes, and 18 cavaliers.

Output: b
Question: How long is the bridge that NY 104 starts just east of? Passage:NY 104 begins at NY 384 just east of the Rainbow Bridge in downtown Niagara Falls and heads north and east across the county on its way toward Rochester. From Niagara Falls, the route travels in north-northeasterly direction along the Niagara Gorge as it heads into Lewiston and connects to the Robert Moses State Parkway and serves the Niagara Power Visitors Center, known as the Power Vista. Just north of the Power Vista, NY 104 meets I-190 at exit 25 via Upper Mountain Road (unsigned NY 954P). Continuing on, the highway has a junction with nearby NY 265 before descending the Niagara Escarpment toward the village of Lewiston. As the road heads down the ridge, it intersects the western terminus of NY 18 by way of an interchange.

Output: a
Question: What is the current population of the town where Highway 28 has a junction with US Highway 71? Passage:The highway begins at Highway 28 in western Scott County within the Ouachita Mountains. Highway 28 runs southeast to Waldron, where it has a junction with US Highway 71 (US 71) on the city's west side. After this intersection, Highway 80 continues due east as a section line road and major east–west route in the city. An intersection with US Highway 71 Business (US 71B) just south of downtown Waldron gives access to the primary commercial areas of Waldron. Continuing east, the highway serves as the western terminus for Highway 248 just south of the Poteau River near the eastern city limits of Waldron. Just east of this junction, Highway 80 passes the Poteau Work Center owned and operated by the United States Forest Service. East of Waldron, Highway 80 enters the Ouachita National Forest, a dense pine and cypress forest. The route winds through the forest, serving as the eastern terminus of Highway 250 before entering Yell County.

Output: b
Question: What club came in second at the 2002 Brunei Premier League? Passage:Duli Pengiran Muda Mahkota Football Club (His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Brunei Football Club in English, commonly known as DPMM FC) is a professional football club based in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. The club played in the Brunei Premier League in the early 2000s, winning the league title in 2002 and 2004. The club then decided to play in Malaysia, and joined the Malaysian Premier League as a foreign-based team in for the 2005–06 season. They won promotion to the Malaysian Super League (the top tier of Malaysian football) at the end of their first season in Malaysian football, and then finished 3rd and 10th in the following two season in the Super League. The club then left the Malaysian league and joined Singapore's Singapore Premier League for the 2009 season. They won the Singapore League Cup, but were then forced to withdraw from the league competition five games before the end of the season after FIFA suspended the Football Association of Brunei Darussalam for government interference in its affairs, thus barring teams from Brunei from taking part in overseas competitions. All the club's league results for 2009 were therefore expunged. At the end of the suspension, they re-entered the S.League and won the title in 2015, just after a near-miss in 2014.

Output: a
Question: How many people live in the city where Stevens grew up? Passage:Stevens grew up in Sydney and was an accountant and public servant before entering politics. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly at the 1927 state election, as a member of the Nationalist Party. In 1929, he was appointed state treasurer under Thomas Bavin, serving until his party lost the 1930 election. In 1932, Stevens was elected as the inaugural leader of the state branch of the UAP. He became premier later that year, following the dismissal of Labor's Jack Lang, and subsequently led his party to victory at the 1932, 1935, and 1938 elections. Stevens was ousted in 1939 and replaced by Alexander Mair. He made an abortive attempt to enter federal politics at the 1940 election, and thereafter played little part in public life.

Output: b
Question: Was the city Hartmann was born considered to be a larger city or a smaller city in Latvia? Passage:Hartmann was born a Baltic German in Riga, which was then the capital of the Governorate of Livonia in the Russian Empire, and which is now in Latvia. He was the son of the engineer Carl August Hartmann and his wife Helene, born Hackmann. He attended from 1897, the German-language high school in Saint Petersburg. In the years 1902–1903 he studied Medicine at the University of Yuryev (now Tartu), and 1903–1905 classical philology and philosophy at the Saint Petersburg Imperial University with his friend Vasily Sesemann. In 1905 he went to the University of Marburg, where he studied with the neo-Kantians Hermann Cohen and Paul Natorp. In Marburg began a lifelong friendship with Heinz Heimsoeth. In 1907 he received his doctorate with the thesis Das Seinsproblem in der griechischen Philosophie vor Plato (The Problem of Being in Greek Philosophy Before Plato). In 1909 he published the book Platos Logik des Seins (The Logic of Being in Plato). The same year he completed his habilitation on Proclus: Des Proklus Diadochus philosophische Anfangsgründe der Mathematik (Proclus Diadochus' Philosophical Elements of Mathematics).

Output: a
Question: What is the population of the city where Schchapov earned his bachelor's degree? Passage:Afanasiy Shchapov was born in the village of Anga some 210 miles from Irkutsk, into a family of a Russian sexton and Buryat woman. Educated in Irkutsk, he moved to Kazan and became a student at Kazan Theological Academy (1852–1856). Upon receiving his Bachelor's degree, Shchapov began to deliver lectures on Russian history at his alma mater (1856–1860) and later at Kazan University (1860–1861). He also studied the Solovetsky Monastery library, which had been evacuated during the Crimean War to Kazan. Fascinated with the Solovetsky Uprising, Shchapov started writing articles about the Raskol and Old Believers. On April 16, 1861, he delivered a revolutionary speech dedicated to the victims of the Bezdna Unrest, after which he was arrested and escorted to St.Petersburg. After the investigation, Shchapov was dismissed as a teacher and appointed to the Ministry of the Interior as an official in charge of the sectarian affairs. In 1862, he was discharged and placed under police surveillance.

Output: b
Question: How old was Lombardo when he first moved to CBS television? Passage:National media coverage has historically been centred upon New York City and Times Square. Bandleader Guy Lombardo was well known for his live broadcasts from New York with his band, The Royal Canadians—whose signature performance of "Auld Lang Syne" at midnight helped make the standard synonymous with the holiday. Beginning on radio in 1929, Lombardo moved to CBS television from 1956 to 1976, adding coverage of the ball drop. Following Lombardo's death, Dick Clark's contemporary competitor, New Year's Rockin' Eve (which premiered for 1973 on NBC, and moved to ABC for 1975) became the dominant New Year's Eve special on U.S. television (especially among younger viewers), with Clark having anchored New Year's coverage (including New Year's Rockin' Eve and the one-off ABC 2000 Today) for 33 straight years. After suffering a stroke in December 2004, Clark missed the 2005 edition with Regis Philbin filling in for him, and he retired as full-time host in favor of Ryan Seacrest for 2006 due to a lingering speech impediment. Clark continued making limited appearances on the special until his death in 2012.

Output: b
Question: How old was Glenn d. Hardin when Tony Brown replaced him on the Hot Band? Passage:Following stints with the Dixie Melody Boys and Trav'lers Quartets, he joined J. D. Sumner and the Stamps Quartet in 1966. In 1972, he traveled briefly with the Blackwood Brothers, thereafter joining the Oak Ridge Boys as a member of The Mighty Oaks Band. Brown also played piano for Elvis Presley. He toured with the TCB Band for much of Presley's final two years and was a part of the 1976 "Jungle Room" recording sessions at Graceland. In 1979, he joined Emmylou Harris's backing band, the Hot Band, taking over for former Presley sideman Glen D. Hardin. Brown stayed with Harris until 1981. Later, he became a session musician in Nashville and toured with acts such as Rosanne Cash.

Output: b
Question: What company owns the website on which "Turn Down For What" has been viewed over 900 million times? Passage:Jonathan Smith (born January 17, 1971), known professionally as Lil Jon, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer and DJ based in Atlanta, Georgia. He was the lead frontman of the multi-platinum selling rap group, Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz and was instrumental in the emergence of the sub hip/hop genre Crunk. He is credited with bringing the genre into mainstream success, producing Top 10 Billboard Hot 100 singles "Get Low," "Goodies," "Cyclone," "Freek-a-Leek," and "Yeah!" "Yeah!" won a Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Performance. Lil Jon is also a frequent collaborator with friend and fellow rapper Pitbull. In 2013, Lil Jon collaborated with DJ Snake and released the EDM multi-platinum hit, "Turn Down For What," that won Billboard Music Award for Top Dance/Electronic Song. The music video for the single, released in 2014, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Music Video, and has been viewed over 900 million times on YouTube as of October 2019. As of 2016, Lil Jon is listed as one of the Top Billboard Music Award Winners of All Time.

Output: b
Question: When was the arena built where the Lakers opened the series with a 115-109 victory? Passage:The Lakers opened the series with a 115–109 victory at the Boston Garden. In Game 2, the Lakers led 113–111 with 18 seconds left when Gerald Henderson stole a James Worthy pass to score a game tying layup and the Celtics eventually prevailed in overtime 124–121. In Game 3, the Lakers raced to an easy 137–104 victory as Magic Johnson dished out 21 assists. After the game, Larry Bird said his team played like "sissies" in an attempt to light a fire under his teammates. In Game 4, the Lakers had a five-point game lead with less than a minute to play, but made several execution errors as the Celtics tied the game and then came away with a 129–125 victory in overtime. The game was also marked by Celtic forward Kevin McHale's takedown of Laker forward Kurt Rambis on a breakaway layup which triggered the physical aspect of the rivalry. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar would go after Larry Bird later on in the third quarter, and 1981 Finals MVP Cedric Maxwell further antagonized the Lakers by following a missed James Worthy free throw by crossing the lane with his hands around his own neck, symbolizing that Worthy was "choking" under pressure. In Game 5, the Celtics took a 3–2 series lead as Larry Bird scored 34 points. The game was known as the "Heat Game", as it was played under 97 °F-heat, and without any air conditioning at the infamous Boston Garden. In Game 6, the Lakers evened the series with a 119–108 victory. In the game, the Lakers answered the Celtics rough tactics when Worthy shoved Cedric Maxwell into a basket support. After the game, a Laker fan threw a beer at Celtics guard M.L. Carr as he left the floor, causing him to label the series "all-out-war." In Game 7, the Celtics were led by Cedric Maxwell, who had 24 points, eight rebounds, and eight assists as they came away with a 111–102 victory. In the game the Lakers rallied from a 14-point deficit to three points down with one minute remaining, when Maxwell knocked the ball away from Magic Johnson. Dennis Johnson responded by sinking two free throws to seal the Celtics' victory. Larry Bird was named MVP of the series.

Output: b
Question: How long had the Blackhawks been a team for the year Bergevin was drafted by them? Passage:Bergevin was drafted by the NHL's Chicago Blackhawks in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft, third round, 59th overall. After a junior career with the Chicoutimi Saguenéens of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL), he made the Black Hawks in 1984 and played with Chicago for the next five seasons before being traded to the New York Islanders. His career with the Islanders was brief, and he spent much of that time with their American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate Springfield Indians, whom he helped lead to consecutive Calder Cup championships in 1990 and 1991. In the 1991 season he was traded to the Hartford Whalers and became a fan favorite for his skilled checking. The 1991–92 was his best season statistically, scoring 7 goals and 17 assists for 24 points.

Output: b
Question: Who was oldest the year Gorelick graduated from Brooklyn College, Chaim Gross, Moses Soyer or Ruth Leaf? Passage:Born Shirley Fishman in Brooklyn, New York, she attended Abraham Lincoln High School. Her teacher, Leon Friend, arranged for guest lectures by commercial and fine artists. Shirley Fishman had the opportunity to study with three of them: Chaim Gross, Moses Soyer, and Raphael Soyer. Gross influenced her early sculptural work, which features squat figures with thick limbs. While attending Brooklyn College, where she earned her B.A. in 1944, she met Leonard Gorelick (1922–2011), a fellow student. They married in 1944 and shared an enthusiasm for art and culture. Leonard Gorelick was an orthodontist and later a collector of cylinder seals. He combined his interests by investigating the authenticity of cylinder seals through the use of dental technology, especially electronmicroscopy. Shirley Gorelick earned an M.A. at Teachers College, Columbia University in 1947. That year, she studied for several weeks with Hans Hofmann in Provincetown. For a short time in the late 1950s, she was a student of the painter Betty Holliday and, in the early 1960s, learned printmaking in the Long Island studio of Ruth Leaf.

Output: b
Question: Did the team Thomas played for in the AHL begin operations prior to 1950? Passage:Thomas went undrafted after his junior career but signed as a Free Agent with the Toronto Maple Leafs. He began his NHL career in the 1984–85 season. Thomas was born in Stockport, England but was raised in Markham, Ontario, Canada where he attended Markham District High School. As he often coasted in school on his hockey skills, he once had a teacher tell him to "smarten up, Steve; hockey can only take you so far". He played junior hockey for the Toronto Marlboros of the OHL (he was the last original Toronto Marlboro to make it to the Maple Leafs of the NHL). Prior to playing in the NHL, Thomas won the Dudley "Red" Garrett Memorial Award in 1985 as the top rookie in the American Hockey League, while playing for the St. Catharines Saints.

Output: b
Question: In which city did Fisher get his undergraduate degree? Passage:The co-founder and executive director is Daniel B. Fisher, now a board-certified psychiatrist. A graduate of Princeton University, he completed a PhD in biochemistry at the University of Wisconsin, medical training at George Washington University, and a psychiatric residency at Harvard Medical School. While working as a biomedical researcher at the National Institute of Mental Health before he was a psychiatrist, Fisher had a psychotic episode including hallucinations and delusions. After three months at Bethesda Naval Hospital at age 25, which included forced seclusion and antipsychotic haloperidol, he was discharged with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. He was involuntarily hospitalized three times. He reports being influenced by those who were able to show they cared about the person inside and gave him hope that he might some day recover. He went on to become a psychiatrist. He was told during psychiatric training that "You can’t talk to an illness" but believed that talking to the person inside is a key method for building trust and recovery. He has since worked as a psychiatrist in hospitals and clinics, while also being a part of the consumer movement. He said that a very significant part of the reason for becoming a psychiatrist was wanting to bring to the field what he wished had been there when he was going through psychosis He was a member of the White House Commission on Mental Health, 2002-03.

Output: b
Question: How old was Willis' co-host when they presented Prize Island? Passage:In 2013, Willis co-presented the ITV game show Prize Island with Alexander Armstrong. In 2015, Willis was a team captain on the six-part ITV2 comedy panel show Reality Bites, hosted by Stephen Mulhern. On 2 July 2015, it was announced that Willis would present a new three-part series for ITV called What Would Be Your Miracle, about modern miracles. The series began on 28 April 2016. In January 2017, The Voice UK moved from BBC One to ITV. It was confirmed on 9 June 2016 that Willis would present the series after co-hosting three previous series on the BBC. She also presented two series of The Voice Kids on ITV since 2017. In 2017, she presented The BRITs Are Coming live on ITV. She co-presented the 2017 BRIT Awards in February alongside Dermot O'Leary. She hosted The BRITs Are Coming for a second year in 2018. She presented Your Song in 2017, a one-off special for ITV.

Output: b
Question: Which of the European kings who support the Charlemagne Prize is the oldest? Passage:The Charlemagne Prize (; full name originally Internationaler Karlspreis der Stadt Aachen, International Charlemagne Prize of the City of Aachen, since 1988 Internationaler Karlspreis zu Aachen, International Charlemagne Prize of Aachen) is a prize awarded for work done in the service of European unification. It has been awarded annually since 1950 by the German city of Aachen. It commemorates Charlemagne, ruler of the Frankish Empire and founder of what became the Holy Roman Empire, who resided and is buried in Aachen. Traditionally the award is given to the recipient on Ascension Day in a ceremony in the town hall of Aachen. In April 2008, the organisers of the Charlemagne Prize and the European Parliament jointly created a new European Charlemagne Youth Prize, which recognises contributions by young people towards the process of European integration. Patrons of the foundation are King Philippe of Belgium, King Felipe VI of Spain, and Henri, the Grand Duke of Luxembourg.

Output: b
Question: In which country did Trousdell attend school as an officer? Passage:He was Commanding Officer of 1Bn Royal Irish Rangers from February 1989 to August 1991. He attended the Higher Command and Staff Course, graduating in April 1991, and was promoted to colonel on 30 June 1991. From August 1991 to January 1992, he was based in Northern Ireland, overseeing the amalgamation of the Ulster Defence Regiment and the Royal Irish Rangers into the Royal Irish Regiment. He was promoted to brigadier on 31 December 1991, with seniority from 30 June 1991. From January 1992 to November 1993, he was commanding officer of the 48 Gurkha Brigade in Hong Kong. He was posted to the Ministry of Defence from November 1993 until January 1997 as Director of Public Relations (Army).

Output: b
Question: Did the blue ranger ever battle Twin Man or Snizzard? Passage:After college, Cranston began his acting career in local and regional theaters, getting his start at the Granada Theater in the San Fernando Valley. He had previously performed as a youth, but his show business parents had mixed feelings about their son being involved in the profession, so he did not continue until years later. Cranston was ordained as a minister by the Universal Life Church, and performed weddings for $150 a service to help with his income. He also worked as a waiter, night-shift security guard at the gates of a private LA community, truck loader, camera operator for a video dating service, and CCTV security guard at a supermarket. He started working regularly in the late 1980s, mostly doing minor roles and advertisements. He was an original cast member of the ABC soap opera Loving, where he played Douglas Donovan from 1983 to 1985. Cranston starred in the short-lived series Raising Miranda in 1988. Cranston's voice acting includes English dubbing of Japanese anime (for which he primarily used the non-union pseudonym Lee Stone), including Macross Plus and Armitage III: Poly-Matrix, and most notably,  as Fei-Long, and the children's series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers. Cranston did voice work for the 1993-94 first season of that series, playing characters such as Twin Man and Snizzard, for which he was paid about $50 an hour for two or three hours of daily work. The Blue Power Ranger, Billy Cranston, was named for him.

Output: a
Question: Which person was older the year United States v. Ancheta began, Robert Plant or Jimmy Page? Passage:In 2006, Klausner presided over United States v. Ancheta, the federal prosecution of Jeanson James Ancheta of Downey, California, the first botnet-related prosecution in U.S history. Following Ancheta's guilty plea, Klausner sentenced Ancheta to 57 months in prison for various botnet-related crimes. In 2016, Klausner presided over a copyright case filed by the estate of Spirit guitarist Randy Wolfe against Led Zeppelin founders Robert Plant and Jimmy Page. The estate of Wolfe alleged that Wolfe was entitled to a writing credit for the song "Stairway to Heaven"; Klausner ruled in April 2016 that a jury could find "substantial similarity" between the elements of the two songs. In another copyright case arising from the Star Trek fan film Prelude to Axanar, Klausner rejected various motions by both parties in January 2017, setting the stage for a civil trial on the matter to go forward. The parties settled the suit. In August 2017, Klausner dismissed a class-action lawsuit filed by boxing fans who contended that the 2015 Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Manny Pacquiao boxing match was deceptively marketed because Pacquiao failed to disclose a shoulder injury that affected his performance. Klausner ruled that fans of sporting events have no right to have the event meet their expectations for excitement. In October 2017, Klausner ruled in favor of the plaintiff Coachella Music Festival in a lawsuit against the fledgling "Filmchella" film festival, finding that the names were likely to cause consumer confusion.

Output: b
Question: Between the bass player and the founding drummer of Kajagoogoo, who has more siblings? Passage:Islands is the second album by the British pop band Kajagoogoo, released on 21 May 1984 on the EMI label. This was the band's first album without lead vocalist Limahl, who had been fired by the band in mid-1983 and went on to pursue a solo career. Bass player Nick Beggs, already the group's main backing singer, took over lead vocal duties, and also wrote the lyrics. The album was co-produced by the band themselves, now a four-piece group, along with Colin Thurston, who had also produced their debut, White Feathers. It is the final album to-date to feature founding drummer Jez Strode. The album also marked the first time Nick Beggs used the Chapman Stick on a recording.

Output: b
Question: Which battle had more casualties, the Battle of the Bulge or the Battle of Elsenborn Ridge? Passage:From November 26, 1943 to April 9, 1945, Seitz commanded the 26th Infantry Regiment (organized for the 1944-1945 campaign in France, Belgium and Germany as Regimental Combat Team 26 or Combat Team (CT) 26). CT 26 was a unit of the 1st Infantry Division (United States). Seitz commanded the combat team at Omaha Beach during the Normandy landings on D-Day, in the breakout from Normandy and at the approach to close the gap in the Falaise Pocket. The First United States Army, including Seitz's regimental combat team, hotly pursued the fleeing German Army divisions across France to the border of Germany by September 7, 1944. On October 11, 1944, after heavy fighting during the Battle of Aachen, Seitz led two of the three battalions of the regiment into heavily defended Aachen, Germany. They seized the first German city to fall to the Allies of World War II after 8 days of urban combat. In November 1944, Seitz led the regiment during the opening phase of the Battle of Hürtgen Forest. Starting only 10 days after the regiment was withdrawn from this bloody and costly battle, Seitz directed CT 26's heroic, successful stand at the Battle of Bütgenbach, an important part of the Battle of the Bulge that followed the Battle of Elsenborn Ridge. With many replacement soldiers due to losses in the Hürtgen Forest, and with skillful artillery support, Seitz and the outnumbered 26th Infantry Regiment team prevented the Nazi 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend, 3rd Parachute Division (Germany) and the 12th Volksgrenadier Division, which were supported by dozens of tanks, from breaking the Allied line at Bütgenbach.

Output: b
Question: How many albums did John Power have writing credit on the year Waterpistol was recorded? Passage:The follow-up, Waterpistol, was recorded in 1991 at London's Star Street Studio and Chapel Studios, Lincolnshire. Shortly after the recording of Waterpistol was complete, the Star Street studio burnt down and most of the tapes were destroyed. The only remaining DAT of the album was in the possession of producer Chris Allison. At the time, Allison was in Los Angeles, and when he returned, it transpired that he had left the copy in his hire car. It was only found weeks later after a frenzied search. However, by this point, Ghetto had folded so the record was without a distributor. Shack split, with Wilkinson joining fellow Liverpudlian John Power (formerly of The La's) to form the successful Britpop band Cast. The Head brothers accompanied Love for a few touring dates in 1992.

Output: a
Question: Who is the author of the novel that Ma Dai is a character in? Passage:Ma Dai is a character in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which romanticises the historical events and figures of the late Eastern Han dynasty and Three Kingdoms period. In the novel, he follows Ma Teng to the capital on a summon from Cao Cao, and survives when Ma Teng and his sons are killed by Cao Cao's men in a trap. He joins his cousin Ma Chao in the Battle of Tong Pass against Cao Cao, and accompanies Ma Chao when the latter is defeated and has to seek refuge under Zhang Lu of Hanzhong. He follows Ma Chao and comes to serve Liu Bei when his cousin defects to Liu Bei's side during the takeover of Yi Province. Ma Dai participates actively in southern campaign against the Nanman and the Northern Expeditions against the rival state of Cao Wei. After Zhuge Liang's death, the Shu general Wei Yan rebels, and Ma Dai pretends to support him but kills him later.

Output: b
Question: Between the two Patricks in Kathleen's life, which one lived longer? Passage:Kathleen Ryan was one of the eight children of Séamus Ryan, a member of Seanad Éireann and his wife Agnes Ryan née Harding who came from Kilfeacle and Solohead respectively in County Tipperary and who were Republican activists during the Irish War of Independence. They opened a shop in Parnell Street, Dublin in the 1920s which was the first of 36 outlets which were known as "The Monument Creameries". The family lived at Burton Hall, near Leopardstown Racecourse in the Dublin suburb of Foxrock. Her brother was John Ryan, an artist and man of letters in bohemian Dublin of the 1940s and 50's, who was a friend and benefactor of a number of struggling writers in the post-war era, such as Patrick Kavanagh. He started and edited a short-lived literary magazine entitled Envoy. Among her other siblings were Fr. Vincent (Séamus) (1930–2005), a Benedictine priest at Glenstal Abbey, Sister Íde of the Convent of The Sacred Heart, Mount Anville, Dublin, Oonagh (who married the Irish artist Patrick Swift), Cora who married the politician, Seán Dunne, T.D. When Kathleen was an undergraduate at University College Dublin, she was introduced to the future Dr. Dermod Devane of Limerick. They were married in the society wedding of 1944 and the couple had three children, but the marriage was annulled in 1958.

Output: b
Question: When was the university Cross was offered a scholarship but turned down founded? Passage:Cross was the third son born to English-born parents, Theophilus Edwin Cross, builder and architect, and his wife Florence, née Stanbrough, who met in Brisbane, married in Sydney then sought their fortune in the United States. His father hoped to make money there but only found work as a carpenter (he became secretary of the American Carpenters' Union). Cross was born on 3 December 1888 in Los Angeles, California. The family returned to Australia in 1892 when Stan was four years old and settled in Perth, Western Australia. Cross was a gifted student who attended Perth High School on a scholarship. The University of Adelaide offered him a scholarship but Cross turned it down due to his father's ill-health. He left school at sixteen and joined the State Government Railways Department as a clerical cadet. He studied art for a number of years during the evenings at Perth Technical School. In 1912 at the age of twenty four,he resigned from his job and with the financial assistance of his brother he travelled to London to study at Saint Martin's School of Art, during this time some of his cartoons were accepted by Punch. Before sailing for England he exhibited his paintings and pen-and-ink works twice in Perth, the first with the West Australian Society of Arts at their 1913 Annual Exhibition, and the second in March 1914, with another Perth artist, Michael McKinlay. On returning to Perth he contributed freelance drawings to the Western Mail and The Sunday Times, and whilst working as a railways draftsman in 1918, he was offered a job by Ernie Brewer of Smith's Weekly at £5 a week. Cross accepted the position and moved to Sydney in 1919.

Output: b
Question: What country are these cities part of? Passage:Following its involvement in The Troop, FujiFilm commissioned Glory Film Co. to make a series of films to demonstrate its new motion picture filmstocks. For these projects Glory employed leading cinematographers: Oscar-winners Jack Cardiff OBE, BSC, ASC, (The African Queen) and Ronnie Taylor BSC (Gandhi) together with Phedon Papamichael ASC (Walk the Line), John de Borman BSC (The Full Monty), Sue Gibson BSC (Spooks), Thierry Arbogast AFC (The Fifth Element), Ron Stanett CSC (Evel Knievel) and Tony Pierce-Roberts BSC (A Room With a View). The films were shot at Pinewood (LightsII) and Shepperton studios (Lights II, Return of The Shadow), with locations including Hastings in East Sussex (The Glow). 'Lights II' (2005) featured the last cinema performance of John Mills (at age 96). He played a tramp and was photographed by cinematographer Jack Cardiff, himself 90 years old.

Output: b
Question: Who was the other finalist in the 1930 Allan Cup other than the team Roche was on? Passage:Roche was born in Prescott, Ontario, but moved to Montreal where he played junior hockey for the Montreal Victorias and other teams. He moved up to senior hockey for the Montreal Hockey Club and played for their Allan Cup-winning squad of 1930. He signed with the Maroons of the NHL, playing for the Maroons and the Windsor Bulldogs until 1933. He was released by the Maroons and signed with the Bruins in January 1933 only to be traded to the Senators one month later. In his one full season with the Senators in 1933–34 he showed a scoring touch, scoring 13 goals and 16 assists in 45 games. The next season, the Senators relocated to St. Louis to become the Eagles. Roche was traded twice in 1934–35; from St. Louis to Buffalo, then to the Red Wings. That marked his last season in the NHL, as he subsequently played for various minor-league pro teams until 1942.

Output: a