niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Question: Was the club's second summer signing older than their third? Passage:June started with striker Mark Stewart having the second year of his contract cancelled. Following this Turnberry Homes signed a new two-year deal to continue as the club's shirt sponsors. Bobby Barr became the club's second signing of the summer, joining on a year long deal from Raith Rovers. Ross Forbes was announced as the club's third summer signing on 11 June - signing a season long deal nine years after a loan spell with the club. A day later the club's top scorer from the 2017–18 season, Calum Gallagher, signed a new one-year deal. The week ended with Grant Adam becoming the club's fourth signing of the summer, joining on a one year deal from Forfar Athletic. His arrival was followed by that of striker Rory Loy, who joined after leaving Falkirk, however Danny Handling turned down a new deal with the club to join Scottish League Two side Edinburgh City. Stuart Carswell was the next player to commit himself for another season, signing a new one-year deal after 54 appearances and two goals in his 18 months at the club. The following week defenders Ross Perry and Cammy Ballantyne signed for the club on year-long deals, and they were joined by Ryan Thomson who joined after leaving Stranraer. A day after signing Thomson marked his debut with a goal, which was added to by strikes from Calum Gallagher and Iain Russell (playing as a trialist) as Dumbarton overcame Lowland League side East Kilbride in their first friendly of the season.

Output: b
Question: Who was the president of the University in 2013? Passage:Philpott was a family doctor in Markham–Stouffville from 1998 to 2015. She served as Chief of the Department of Family Medicine at Markham Stouffville Hospital from 2008 to 2014. She is an Associate Professor in the University of Toronto’s Department of Family and Community Medicine. She was the Lead Physician of the Health For All Family Health Team in Markham, Ontario. She worked in Niger in West Africa from 1989-1998 with a faith-based non-governmental organization, where she practiced general medicine and developed a training program for village health workers. She returned to Niger in 2005 with Médecins sans Frontières during a food crisis. She was the Family Medicine lead in the Toronto Addis Ababa Academic Collaboration (TAAAC) from 2008 to 2014. In this capacity she helped colleagues at Addis Ababa University to develop the first training program for Family Medicine in Ethiopia that began in 2013. The first seven students in this programme graduated in early 2016. Philpott has been an advocate for Canada to give greater attention to the rights of refugees, particularly in respect of the health care afforded to them. In an article in the Toronto Star in 2014 she argued that "the Conservative government's cuts to refugee health care are 'cruel and unusual. Philpott is a co-curator of TEDxStouffville founded in 2012 with Dr. Eileen Nicolle. The TEDxStouffville committee, a collaboration between Health for All Family Health Team, Markham Stouffville Hospital, the University of Toronto and residents of the town of Whitchurch–Stouffville, develops its program with live speakers on the theme of Social Determinants of Health.

Output: a
Question: Which of the central powers had been around longer when the First World War began? Passage:At the beginning of the First World War in 1914, Great Britain used its powerful navy and its geographical location to dictate the movement of the world's commercial shipping. Britain dominated the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and, due to its control of the Suez Canal with France, access into and out of the Indian Ocean for the allied ships, while their enemies were forced to go around Africa. The Ministry of Blockade published a comprehensive list of items that neutral commercial ships were not to transport to the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). This included food, weapons, gold and silver, flax, paper, silk, copra, minerals such as iron ore and animal hides used in the manufacture of shoes and boots. Because Britain and France together controlled 15 of the 20 refuelling points along the main shipping routes, they were able to threaten those who refused to comply, by the withdrawal of their bunker fuel control facilities.

Output: b
Question: What is the population density of the city that the majority of Utah's population is centered around? Passage:Utah – state in the Western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the Union on January 4, 1896. Utah is the 13th-largest, the 34th-most populous, and the 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,817,222 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City, leaving vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited and making the population the sixth most urbanized in the U.S. Utah is the most religiously homogeneous state in the Union. Approximately 63% of Utahns are reported to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or LDS (Mormons), which greatly influences Utah culture and daily life. The world headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) is located in Utah's state capital.

Output: b
Question: How old was the Duke of Saxony when he appointed Adolf I to hold Holstein and Stormarn? Passage:He was appointed to hold as fiefs Holstein and Stormarn, including Hamburg, by Lothair, Duke of Saxony, in 1111. By this appointment Adolf became the leader of the defence of Germany against the Wagri. Allied with Henry, the prince of the Obotrites, he repeatedly waged war on Wagria and the Rugians. After Henry's death (1127), Adolf remained allied with his sons Canute and Sventepolk, but they were soon dead and Lothair, by then King of Germany, had made Canute Lavard, a Danish prince, Duke of Schleswig. Feeling his authority threatened by the Danish upstart, Adolf attacked his castle of Albergs, captured the garrison, and destroyed its defences. He left his counties intact to his second son, Adolf II, since his eldest, Hartung, had been killed in the Second Battle of Chlumec in 1126.

Output: a
Question: Was the first Playmate of the Month married when she posed for Playboy? Passage:There has likely been interest in nude images of celebrities for as long as artistic nude imagery and pornography has existed. One of the more famous examples is Playboy's inaugural December 1953 issue that featured photos of Marilyn Monroe from a 1949 photo session as its first Playmate of the Month. The commercialization, promotion, and organized supply of nude celebrity images can be traced to another men's magazine, High Society, and the efforts of its first female Editor, Gloria Leonard. This began as a feature that showcased risqué photos of celebrities like Jodie Foster and Goldie Hawn, usually lifted from film stills, and became a spin-off venture of High Society called Celebrity Skin magazine in 1986. Over its twenty-five year run Margot Kidder, Ann-Margret and Barbra Streisand unsuccessfully attempted to sue the magazine after it published nude photos of them. Yet another magazine earned additional notoriety for its publication of nude photographs of models who at the time were not celebrities, but later attained fame. Penthouse magazine published nude photos in its September 1984 issue of a young adult film actress, Traci Lords (later found to be underage at the time), and Vanessa Williams, then-Miss America, that caused her to be stripped of her crown.

Output: b
Question: Who was the ruler of the Middle East country that Kristol and Kagan advocated for a regime change? Passage:In 1998, Kristol and Kagan advocated regime change in Iraq throughout the Iraq disarmament process through articles that were published in the New York Times. Following perceived Iraqi unwillingness to co-operate with UN weapons inspections, core members of the PNAC including Richard Perle, Paul Wolfowitz, R. James Woolsey, Elliot Abrams, Donald Rumsfeld, Robert Zoellick, and John Bolton were among the signatories of an open letter initiated by the PNAC to President Bill Clinton calling for the removal of Saddam Hussein. Portraying Saddam Hussein as a threat to the United States, its Middle East allies, and oil resources in the region, and emphasizing the potential danger of any weapons of mass destruction under Iraq's control, the letter asserted that the United States could "no longer depend on our partners in the Gulf War to continue to uphold the sanctions or to punish Saddam when he blocks or evades UN inspections." Stating that American policy "cannot continue to be crippled by a misguided insistence on unanimity in the UN Security Council," the letter's signatories asserted that "the U.S. has the authority under existing UN resolutions to take the necessary steps, including military steps, to protect our vital interests in the Gulf." Believing that UN sanctions against Iraq would be an ineffective means of disarming Iraq, PNAC members also wrote a letter to Republican members of the U.S. Congress Newt Gingrich and Trent Lott, urging Congress to act, and supported the Iraq Liberation Act of 1998 (H.R.4655) which President Clinton signed into law in October 1998.

Output: b
Question: How long did the rebellion that Un'yō was dispatched in last? Passage:Un'yō  was one of the ships dispatched to Kyūshū in 1874 during the Saga Rebellion. In May 1875, she carried diplomats to Busan in Korea in an attempt by the Japanese government to open diplomatic relations with the Joseon dynasty government. After they were rebuffed in these negotiations, the Japanese government again dispatched Un'yō in September 1875 under the command of Inoue Yoshika to provoke a military response, in what was later termed the Ganghwa Island incident. This eventually led to the Treaty of Ganghwa, which opened the Korean Peninsula to Japanese trade. In 1876, Un'yō  was assigned to assist in the suppression of the Hagi Rebellion, another uprising of disaffected former samurai. Un'yō  was severely damaged when she ran aground off the coast of the Kii Peninsula, and was scrapped the following year.

Output: b
Question: What country produces the most of the material used for the church's dressings? Passage:St Nicholas is constructed in flint, with some conglomerate and brick, and has limestone dressings. The roofs are tiled. Its plan consists of a nave, a chancel with a north vestry (previously a porch), and a west tower. The tower is wholly octagonal. In each face of the upper stage of the tower is a lancet, and there is another lancet on the west side at a lower level. The parapet is battlemented. The tower has a west doorway in Norman style, which has possibly been re-set from elsewhere in the church. It has scalloped capitals, and zig-zag decoration on the arch. Inside the upper part of the tower is a 17th-century dovecote lined with brick nesting boxes. On the south side, between the tower and the nave, is a brick stair turret. The nave windows have two lights with Decorated tracery. Between the windows on the south side is another Norman doorway, again with zig-zag decoration. The north and south walls of the chancel have two-light windows with Y-tracery, and three-light windows with Perpendicular tracery. The east window has five lights. The east gable is decorated with grotesque carvings, and above the east window is head-corbel and a blocked niche. The vestry has two-light north and south windows. In the north wall of the nave is an Early English doorway, with dog-tooth ornament. Around the church are stepped buttresses.

Output: a
Question: How long had Ronald Reagan been President of the United States when the Falklands war began? Passage:On December 1, 1981, United States President Ronald Reagan signed a presidential finding which authorized covert operations in Nicaragua. This plan initially called for the U.S. government to cooperate with the Argentinian government, which was already engaged in a similar operation, to train and fund an existing terrorist group in Nicaragua known as the Contras. The Contras also contributed to drug dealing in the US and brought a lot of crack cocaine. A reporter for the San Jose Mercury News proved the connection between the crack epidemic and the Contras. Initially the Contras were a group of republican guard members from the old Somoza regime ousted by the Sandinistas after the revolutionary conflict. Later, through the recruitment efforts of the CIA, the group became supplemented by mercenary guerrillas and was extensively trained by the CIA. Eventually, due to the U.S. alliance with Great Britain during the Falklands war, Argentina withdrew support for these programs and the CIA had to relocate their training sites to Honduras.

Output: b
Question: What team was Harry Haddix pitching for? Passage:On May 26, 1959, in the 13th inning of a game against the Pittsburgh Pirates at Milwaukee County Stadium, Mantilla ruined Harvey Haddix's bid for a perfect game. Leading off the inning, he hit a ground ball to third baseman Don Hoak, whose throw to first pulled Rocky Nelson off the bag for an error. (Mantilla had not even been in the starting lineup; he entered the game in the 11th after Del Rice had pinch-hit for Johnny O'Brien.) Mantilla was sacrificed to second by Eddie Mathews, followed by an intentional walk to Hank Aaron. The following batter, Joe Adcock, hit one over the right-center field wall, just beyond the reach of right fielder Joe Christopher (who was making his Major League debut), for an apparent 3–0 victory. Mantilla scored the winning run, but Aaron, thinking the ball was still in play and that the game ended when Mantilla scored the winning run, rounded second and then headed for the dugout. Adcock, running out his home run, passed Aaron on the bases; as a result, the ruling from National League president Warren Giles was that Adcock's hit was a double (not a home run), only Mantilla's run counted and the final score was 1–0. 

Output: b
Question: What is the real name of the wrestler who Virus was partnered with in the Torneo Gran Alternativa? Passage:On August 21, 2001 Virus participated in his first major CMLL tournament, the Torneo Gran Alternativa ("Great Alternative Tournament") where he was teamed up with Blue Panther. In the first round they defeated the team of Alan Stone and Mr. Niebla but lost to Olímpico and Sicodelico Jr., who would go on to win the entire tournament. After having been a Rudo (a Heel, or bad guy) his entire career Virus was turned Tecnico (Face or good guy) in 2002. In 2003 he took part in a series of matches between CMLL tecnicos, himself, Ricky Marvin and Volador, Jr., and a group called "the Havana Brothers" based out of southern California that consisted of Rocky Romero, Ricky Reyes and T.J. Perkins). The well received series of matches between the six led CMLL to create the CMLL World Super Lightweight Championship. Rocky Romero became the first champion but lost the title to Virus on November 14, 2003. Virus held the title for 392 days before losing it back to Rocky Romero. In 2005 Virus was turned Rudo once more and generally used to help young, high-flying tecnicos get more experience. Over the summer of 2006 Virus represented CMLL in All Japan Pro Wrestling's Junior Heavyweight League tournament. He ended up winning only one match, defeating MAZADA but lost to Katsuhiko Nakajima and Katsushi Takemura, failing to advance in the tournament. On October 2, 2007 Virus won CMLL's recurring Reyes del Aire ("Kings of the Air") tournament outlasting 11 other competitors in a torneo cibernetico, lastly eliminating Valiente to win the match.

Output: b
Question: Which institution where Kavlie studied after leaving the Royal Norwegian Navy currently has the most undergraduate students enrolled? Passage:He was born in Oslo, and took the siv.ing. degree at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1963. He then spent a year as a conscript in the Royal Norwegian Navy, took the doctorate in ship construction at the Institute of Technology, studied at the University of California at Berkeley before entering the shipping sector. In 1972 he took the Ph.D. degree. He then returned to academia, being hired as a lecturer at the Institute of Technology. In 1976 he was promoted to professor. From 1980 he was the deputy rector of the Norwegian Institute of Technology, and from 1984 to 1990 he served as rector. Deputy rector during this period was Kjell Egil Eimhjellen. The Kavlie–Eimhjellen team was succeeded in July 1990 by rector Karsten Jakobsen and deputy rector Emil Spjøtvoll. Kavlie continued as a professor until 1991.

Output: a
Question: Of the agencies Power tried before he decided to work independently, which represents the most artists? Passage:DeStorm comes from Baltimore, Maryland, where he lived with his mother and seven siblings. In 2001 Power moved from Maryland to New York to pursue his music endeavors. After interning and ghostwriting at Atlantic Records, Universal, and various other record labels, Power set out to establish himself as a performer, using YouTube as a platform to share his singing, songwriting, and production skills with the online community. Power's videos are typically comedic, and also often incorporate rapping and beatboxing. He was an accomplished triple jumper and Master personal trainer, and was notably invited to the Olympic Trials. Power appeared as Mr. T in the first season of Epic Rap Battles of History from which he achieved a gold record. In 2008 he lost his mother Mashala to stomach cancer. He moved to Los Angeles, California in 2011 where he joined his manager Sara Pena and started Big Frame, a Multi Channel Network and founded Forefront.TV which focuses on urban lifestyle and music. Power moved on to Paradigm Talent Agency for his acting career then William Morris Endeavor before deciding to go independent. In August 2015, Power hosted the reboot of MTV's Punk'd with co-host King Bach, which aired on BET. He is a founder and President of The Zeus Network which launched July 13, 2018 He's a 2011 American Music Awards honoree and was nominated for five Streamy Awards, winning three. He was Emmy Nominated for Outstanding Actor in a Short Form Comedy or Drama Series in 2018 for his original creation Caught The Series. He also has a son, Tayvion Power.

Output: b
Question: What is the population of the city where Odhner was born? Passage:Odhner was born in Stockholm, Sweden and was the son of Professor Nils Hjalmar Odhner and Signhild (née Hagström). He earned a Juris Doctor degree in Genoa in 1944 and served in Genoa and Milan from 1938 to 1945 before becoming an attaché at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in 1945. Odhner served as an attaché in Tehran and Baghdad from 1947 to 1950 and was the second secretary at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs from 1950 to 1955. He was then first secretary at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and held the same position in Washington, D.C. from 1955 to 1959. He was legation counsellor in Warsaw from 1959 to 1961 and director at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (head of international aid cases) from 1962 to 1964. He was ambassador in Baghdad from 1964 to 1969, also accredited to Kuwait City from 1965 to 1969 and ambassador in (Rawalpindi), Islamabad from 1969 to 1973 and ambassador in Tehran, also accredited to Kabul from 1973 to 1978. After that he was trade policy negotiator at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs from 1978 to 1982 and ambassador in Tunis from 1983 to 1984.

Output: b
Question: Is the person that hazed Davis older the the woman he first met at Yale Law? Passage:Davis grew up in Jersey City, New Jersey, in a Jewish family. His father, Mort, was a dentist in Jersey City and his mother worked as the office manager of his father's dental office. He attended Newark Academy in Newark, graduating in 1962. As an undergraduate at Yale, he was a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. According to an item in U.S. News & World Report, as part of his initiation into the fraternity, Davis underwent hazing by, among others, the future President of the United States George W. Bush. He also served as chairman of the campus newspaper, the Yale Daily News. Davis went on to receive his J.D. degree from Yale Law School in 1970. It was there that he first met Hillary Clinton.

Output: b
Question: How many issues had Rolling Stone published by the year the movie Ray was released? Passage:It was ranked tenth on Rolling Stones list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", with the summary, "Charles' grunt-'n'-groan exchanges with the Raeletts were the closest you could get to the sound of orgasm on Top Forty radio during the Eisenhower era". In 2000, it ranked number 43 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs in Rock and Roll and number 96 on VH1's 100 Greatest Dance Songs, being the oldest song in the latter ranking. The same year it was chosen by National Public Radio as one of the 100 most influential songs of the 20th century. A central scene in the 2004 biopic Ray features the improvisation of the song performed by Jamie Foxx, who won an Academy Award for his portrayal of Charles. For its historical, artistic, and cultural significance, the Library of Congress added it to the U.S. National Recording Registry in 2002. The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame featured it as one of 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll in 2007.

Output: a
Question: Which of the places where the steam railcars were stationed is older? Passage:In addition to the joint railcars of 1903, the London Brighton and South Coast Railway directors asked their Chief Mechanical Engineer, Robert Billinton, to investigate the use of steam or petrol railcars on lightly used services. Billinton died in 1904, before examples could be acquired, but in 1905 his successor Douglas Earle Marsh acquired two steam and two petrol railcars, for comparative purposes with small steam locomotives of the Stroudley A1 and D1 classes fitted for "motor train" or "push-pull" working. The steam railcars were built by Beyer, Peacock and Company and were of a similar design to those supplied by this company to the North Staffordshire Railway. They were stationed at Eastbourne and St Leonards and ran services on the East and West Sussex coast lines. They were both loaned to the War Department in 1918/19 before being sold to the Trinidad and Tobago government.

Output: b
Question: Were the two anarchists that Oerter met in New York born outside of United States? Passage:By the early 1890s he had moved away from Bavaria and, with his brother, was working in Duisburg. Together the brothers smuggled subversive anarchist literature into Germany from the Netherlands. Coming under increasing police pressure, and taking his queue from a number of other anarchist comrades in a similar predicament, early in 1892 he fled to the United States of America. On his arrival at New York he met up with the circle around Emma Goldman, Alexander Berkman, and politically like-minded comrades from Germany. Sepp Orter discovered in himself a talent for activism, turning out to have a flair for public speaking. During 1892 he was also the editor of the New York version of , published by the "Radical Workers' Association" ("Radikaler Arbeiter Bund") and the "Autonomy" group which also numbered among its members Josef Peukert. The stay in America was cut short, however. The authorities suspected that Oerter had somehow been involved in Alexander Berkman's attempt to assassinate a wealthy businessman called Henry Clay Frick. Those suspicions appear not to have been entirely unfounded. With financial assistance from Emma Goldman, Sepp Oerter returned to Germany. He travelled via London where he arrived in October, and where the editorial group publishing "Autonomy" gave him a mission to take printed material across Belgium to the German frontier in order to effect a clandestine introduction of the anarchist propaganda to Germany. Sepp Oerter was able to complete his mission with the help of his brother Fritz who had stayed behind when Sepp had escaped to America.

Output: b
Question: Who was the wife of the ruler that Vasiliy Buturlin was a representative of when he had a meeting with the Zaporozhian Cossacks? Passage:At a meeting between the council of Zaporozhian Cossacks and Vasiliy Buturlin, representative of Tsar Alexey I of the Tsardom of Russia, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising. The "Pereyaslav Council" (Pereyaslavs'ka Rada in Ukrainian) of Ukrainians took place on January 18; it was meant to act as the supreme Cossack council and demonstrate the unity and determination of the "Rus' nation". Military leaders and representatives of regiments, nobles and townspeople listened to the speech by the Cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, who expounded the necessity of seeking the Russian protection. The audience responded with applause and consent. The treaty, initiated with Buturlin later on the same day, invoked only protection of the Cossack state by the Tsar and was intended as an act of official separation of Ukraine from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Ukrainian independence had been informally declared earlier in the course of the Uprising by Khmelnytsky). Participants in the preparation of the treaty at Pereyaslav included, besides Khmelnytsky, Chief Scribe Ivan Vyhovsky and numerous other Cossack elders, as well as a large visiting contingent from Russia.

Output: b
Question: Was Ofori-Atta born after the two West African women who became physicians before her? Passage:Susan Barbara Gyankorama Ofori-Atta also de Graft-Johnson, (1917 – July 1985) was a Ghanaian medical doctor – the first female doctor on the Gold Coast. She was the first Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to earn a university degree. Ofori-Atta was also the third West African woman to become a physician after the Nigerians Agnes Yewande Savage (1929) and Elizabeth Abimbola Awoliyi (1938). In 1933, Sierra Leonean political activist and higher education pioneer, Edna Elliot-Horton became the second West African woman university graduate and the first to earn a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts. Eventually Ofori-Atta became a medical officer-in-charge at the Kumasi Hospital, and later, she assumed in charge of the Princess Louise Hospital for Women. Her contemporary was Matilda J. Clerk, the second Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to become a physician, who was also educated at Achimota and Edinburgh. Ofori-Atta was made an Honorary Doctor of Science by the University of Ghana for her work on malnutrition in children, and received the Royal Cross from Pope John Paul II when he visited Ghana in 1980, in recognition of her offering of free medical services at her clinic. She helped to establish the Women's Society for Public Affairs and was a Foundation Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences. Her achievements were a symbol of inspiration to aspiring women physicians in Ghana.

Output: b
Question: How many people lived in Milan when Diocletian restored political stability after the Crisis of the Third Century? Passage:During the Crisis of the Third Century the Roman Empire nearly collapsed under the combined pressures of invasions, military anarchy and civil wars, and hyperinflation. In 284, emperor Diocletian restored political stability. He carried out thorough administrative reforms to maintain order. He created the so-called Tetrarchy whereby the empire was ruled by two senior emperors called Augusti and two junior vice-emperors called Caesars. He decreased the size of the Roman provinces by doubling their number to reduce the power of the provincial governors. He grouped the provinces into several dioceses (Latin: diocesis) and put them under the supervision of the imperial vicarius (vice, deputy), who was the head of the diocese. During the Crisis of the Third Century the importance of Rome declined because the city was far from the troubled frontiers. Diocletian and his colleagues usually resided in four imperial seats. The Augusti, Diocletian and Maximian, who were responsible for the East and West respectively, established themselves at Nicomedia, in north-western Anatolia (closer to the Persian frontier in the east) and Milan, in northern Italy (closer to the European frontiers) respectively. The seats of the Caesars were Augusta Treverorum (on the River Rhine frontier) for Constantius Chlorus and Sirmium (on the River Danube frontier) for Galerius who also resided at Thessaloniki.

Output: a
Question: Which venue that the Dobyns-Bennett High School marching band performed at has the highest capacity? Passage:Dobyns-Bennett is also home to the largest marching band in the state of Tennessee with almost 400 members. The Band has performed on the national stage at such venues as Lucas Oil Stadium, University of Phoenix Stadium, and the Georgia Dome. The band has performed three times in the Tournament of Roses Parade, last appearing in 2014, and has performed five times in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, with their last appearance being in 2011. The DB Band represented the State of Tennessee in the 2013 Presidential Inaugural Parade. The DB Band is the recipient of the 2006, 2007, and 2014 Tennessee Governor's Cup awarded at the Contest of Champions hosted by Middle Tennessee State University. The DB Band is the 2007, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2017 Grand Champion of the Tournament of Champions hosted by Western Carolina University. The DB Band was named Grand Champion of the 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016 Bands of America Regionals held in Winston-Salem, NC. In that contest, they received caption awards for Outstanding Music Performance, Outstanding Visual Performance, and Outstanding General Effect. The Band was named Class AAA Champion at the 2016 Bands of America Super Regional at the Georgia Dome and received the finals caption award for Outstanding Music Performance. Since 2008, the Band has competed in the Bands of America Grand National Championships seven times, with a semifinals placement every time. The Band earned placement in the Bands of America Grand National Championships finals in 2016, 2017, and 2018 finishing 13th, 6th, and 10th respectively.

Output: b
Question: How old was Lhazang Khan when the regent resigned? Passage:About this time, some Dzungars informed the Kangxi Emperor that the 5th Dalai Lama had long since died. He sent envoys to Lhasa to inquire. This prompted Sangye Gyatso to make Tsangyang Gyatso the 6th Dalai Lama public. He was enthroned in 1697. Tsangyang Gyatso enjoyed a lifestyle that included drinking, the company of women, and writing love songs. In 1702, he refused to take the vows of a Buddhist monk. The regent, under pressure from the Emperor and Lhazang Khan of the Khoshut, resigned in 1703. In 1705, Lhazang Khan used the sixth Dalai Lama's escapades as excuse to take control of Lhasa. The regent Sanggye Gyatso, who had allied himself with the Dzungar Khanate, was murdered, and the Dalai Lama was sent to Beijing. He died on the way, near Kokonor, ostensibly from illness but leaving lingering suspicions of foul play. Lhazang Khan appointed a new Dalai Lama who, however, was not accepted by the Gelugpa school. Kelzang Gyatso was discovered near Kokonor and became a rival candidate. Three Gelug abbots of the Lhasa area appealed to the Dzungar Khanate, which invaded Tibet in 1717, deposed Lhazang Khan's pretender to the position of Dalai Lama, and killed Lhazang Khan and his entire family. The Dzungars proceeded to loot, rape and kill throughout Lhasa and its environs. They also destroyed a small force in the Battle of the Salween River which the Emperor had sent to clear traditional trade routes.

Output: a
Question: How many cylinders did the Herald have? Passage:Jersey Airlines was an early post-World War II private, independent British airline formed in 1948. In 1952, the airline operated its first scheduled service. Four years later, British European Airways (BEA) took a 25% minority stake in Jersey Airlines and made it an "associate". In June 1958, a Jersey Airlines de Havilland Heron became the first commercial airliner to arrive at the newly reconstructed Gatwick Airport. In 1960, Jersey Airlines ordered four state-of-the-art Handley Page Dart Herald 200 series turboprops. By 1962, BEA had sold its 25% minority holding in Jersey Airlines. The same year, Jersey Airlines became part of the British United Airways (BUA) group of companies. In August 1963, Jersey Airlines changed its trading name to British United (C.I.) Airways. Following the BUA group's 1967/8 reorganisation, BUA (C.I.) was absorbed into British United Island Airways (BUIA) in November 1968.

Output: b
Question: How many people have gotten the award that Rawson received in 1916? Passage:On graduation from Royal Military College, Sandhurst, in 1908, Rawson was commissioned into the Royal Engineers as a second lieutenant. He was promoted lieutenant on 18 August 1910. By 20 November 1915 he had been promoted to captain, and he was then given command of a signals company at a corps headquarters, with a temporary majority, he was awarded the Military Cross (MC) in the 1916 King's Birthday Honours. His temporary rank became a brevet on 3 June 1917. He was appointed assistant director, army signals (with the acting rank of lieutenant-colonel) on 19 April 1917, relinquishing the post (and the rank) on 13 November 1917. He was then appointed a Staff Captain at the War Office on 6 April 1918. He formally transferred from the Engineers to the newly established Royal Corps of Signals on 22 March 1921, and since taking up the post of Staff Captain, had been appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.

Output: b
Question: Was Fukuyama or Yeltsin older the year START II was signed? Passage:In August 1991, hard-line Communists launched a coup against Gorbachev; while the coup quickly fell apart, it broke the remaining power of Gorbachev and the central Soviet government. Later that month, Gorbachev resigned as general secretary of the Communist party, and Russian president Boris Yeltsin ordered the seizure of Soviet property. Gorbachev clung to power as the President of the Soviet Union until December 1991, when the Soviet Union dissolved. Fifteen states emerged from the Soviet Union, and of those states, Russia was the largest and most populous. Bush and Yeltsin met in February 1992, declaring a new era of "friendship and partnership". In January 1993, Bush and Yeltsin agreed to START II, which provided for further nuclear arms reductions on top of the original START treaty. The collapse of the Soviet Union prompted reflections on the future of the world following the end of the Cold War; one political scientist, Francis Fukuyama, speculated that humanity had reached the "end of history" in that liberal, capitalist democracy had permanently triumphed over Communism and fascism. Meanwhile, the collapse of the Soviet Union and other Communist governments led to post-Soviet conflicts in Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and Africa that would continue long after Bush left office.

Output: b
Question: How old was the second leader of the cartel when it split of from Los Zetas? Passage:La Familia Michoacana, (English: The Michoacán Family) La Familia (English: The Family), or LFM is a Mexican drug cartel and a organized crime syndicate based in the Mexican state of Michoacán. Formerly allied to the Gulf Cartel—as part of Los Zetas—it split off in 2006. The cartel was founded by Carlos Rosales Mendoza a close associate of Osiel Cárdenas. The second leader, Nazario Moreno González, known as El Más Loco (English: The Craziest One), preached his organization's divine right to eliminate enemies. He carried a "bible" of his own sayings and insisted that his army of traffickers and hitmen avoid using the narcotics they produce and sell. Nazario Moreno's partners were José de Jesús Méndez Vargas, Servando Gómez Martínez and Enrique Plancarte Solís, each of whom has a bounty of $2 million for his capture, and were contesting the control of the organization.

Output: b
Question: What did the monuments look like that first started to appear in the British Isles in the later 16th century? Passage:The first obelisks may start to appear in the later 16th century and it is suggested that the obelisk on Compton Pike is Elizabethan in date. More securely dated is a series of obelisks which start to appear in the 18th century. The first of these was the Wakeman obelisk of 1702 by Nicholas Hawksmoor, which is set in the square at Richmond, Yorkshire. Probably several hundred obelisks exist in the British Isles dating from 18th and early 19th centuries. Most of these obelisks, which are often landmarks commemorate famous people and their achievements. At Stowe in Buckinghamshire an obelisk was erected in memory of Wolfe's victory at Quebec in 1752, while at the death of the Duke of Cumberland in 1765 was noted by an obelisk at Englefield Green in Surrey. Thomas Coke, Earl of Leicester, Coke of Norfolk the farming pioneer has a particularly fine obelisk, set up in the park he created at Holkham in Norfolk. Sometimes an obelisk was used to mark the site of a battle such as the obelisk on the site of English Civil War battlefield at Naseby in Leicestershire. Occasionally obelisks are used as mile markers, as on the Great North Road at a mile from Westminster. In Lincoln an elaborate obelisk was set up on the High Bridge in 1762–63 as a conduit for dispensing water, while Anthony Salvin used obelisks as water fountains on the Belton House estates in Lincolnshire.

Output: b
Question: When was Haim's first album released? Passage:The group spent a year recording their first album, Days Are Gone, in sessions between live shows. The group experimented with drum machines and the music program GarageBand, adding hip hop and R&B influences to their existing sound. Polydor recommended producers Ariel Rechtshaid and James Ford to help with the album, who suggested further use of synthesizers, bringing the album closer to a straightforward pop style. Several of the drum tracks were recorded with gated reverb, made famous by Phil Collins. In June 2013, the group performed at Glastonbury Festival, and in addition to their own set, the band appeared with Primal Scream performing background vocals on "It's Alright, It's OK", "Rocks" and "Come Together". The band later returned for a repeat performance at Glastonbury in 2014. After their set, Este nearly had a diabetic seizure. She has Type 1 diabetes and was diagnosed with it in 2000.

Output: b
Question: How many people lived in Bradford the year Keegan was born? Passage:Gerard "Ged" Keegan (born 3 October 1955 in Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire) is an English former footballer who played as a right-back. He joined Manchester City as a trainee in 1973 and made his debut in March 1975 in a 2–1 defeat against Carlisle United. He made a total of 37 Football League appearances for the club, scoring two goals. However his most memorable game for them was in their 1976 Football League Cup Final victory. He also played in the first ever England under-21 match. In 1978, he was transferred to Oldham Athletic where he made 144 League appearances (scoring 5 goals) before moving to Mansfield Town in 1983. After a short spell here he moved on to Rochdale, and then to Altrincham. As of 2008 he was working as a car-parking attendant at Manchester Airport.

Output: a
Question: Who was on the roster of the team the Danish Football Association and players' union were scheduled to sign a new national team agreement for in 2018? Passage:In September 2018, the Danish Football Association and players' union were scheduled to sign a new national team agreement for the players of the Denmark national team prior to a friendly against Slovakia and their opening UEFA Nations League match against Wales. However, a contract dispute arose regarding the commercial rights of the players, resulting in a failure to sign a new agreement. Despite an offer from the squad to extend the previous deal to allow for further negotiations, the DBU instead named an entirely uncapped squad under the temporary management of coach John Jensen to avoid punishment from UEFA for cancelling the matches. The squad consisted of a mixture of players from the Danish 2nd Division and the Denmark Series (the third and fourth tier of Danish football respectively), along with futsal players from the Denmark national futsal team.

Output: a
Question: Did Radisich won Touring Car World Cup events in the same country from 1993-1994? Passage:He won the 1993 and 1994 Touring Car World Cup events at Monza and at Donington respectively. 1993 was his first British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) season, in a Ford Mondeo prepared by Andy Rouse. He finished 3rd in the series despite only competing in half the year. He would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1994 where he finished 3rd again behind Gabriele Tarquini for Alfa Romeo and Alain Menu for Renault. Radisich would again drive for Andy Rouse in 1995 but by the end of the 1995 season the car had reached the end of its development cycle and was increasingly uncompetitive during the end of the 1995 season and in the 1996 season when West Surrey Racing took over the Ford team from Andy Rouse. 1996 would be a disappointment for the Ford team with no podium places and Radisich finishing 13th in the championship. 1997 would see a new Mondeo however it to was uncompetitive and would not challenge the front running teams. In 1998 he raced for Peugeot where he again had a disappointing season. He left the series and went to race for Dick Johnson Racing in the V8 Supercar series in Australia.

Output: b
Question: Who was older the year that Lucic signed with the Bruins, Brad Winchester or Jonathan Bernier? Passage:In the 2007 off-season, Lucic signed an entry-level contract with the Bruins on August 2. He had been chosen as the Giants' next team captain, but made the Bruins' 2007–08 opening roster out of training camp. He played in his first career NHL game on October 5, 2007, a 4–1 loss to the Dallas Stars, in which he fought opposing forward Brad Winchester. His first goal came a week later on October 12 against Jonathan Bernier, a game winner, in an 8–6 win against the Los Angeles Kings. By also fighting Kings forward Raitis Ivanāns and notching an assist, he recorded a Gordie Howe hat trick (an unofficial statistic constituting a goal, an assist and a fight in one game). Unsure of whether the Bruins would keep him or return him to junior, he stayed in a downtown hotel in Boston to start the season. However, Lucic made enough of an impression during his first set of games with the Bruins, showing grit and consistent willingness to fight (he recorded 13 fighting majors in his rookie season), that they decided to keep him in the lineup. Bruins management informed the Giants prior to Lucic's tenth game, accounting for the NHL's nine-game maximum for junior-eligible players to stay with their NHL club without initiating their contract. He was chosen to participate in the 2008 NHL YoungStars Game and finished his rookie campaign with eight goals and 27 points. Towards the end of the season, he was voted by Bruins fans for the team's Seventh Player Award for exceeding expectations. Matched up against the first-seeded Montreal Canadiens in the opening round, Lucic scored his first Stanley Cup playoff goal in Game 3 on April 13, 2008. He finished his first NHL post-season with two goals as the Bruins were eliminated by the Canadiens in seven games.

Output: b
Question: Is the person who served as Lebanese President during 1982 still alive? Passage:According to historians William Cleveland and Martin Bunton, Beirut became an international banking center because of its “laissez-faire economic system”. Business owners from Cairo, Damascus, and Baghdad moved to Beirut for economic opportunities. Despite Lebanon’s cultural liberalism and economic prosperity, sectarian tensions remained as citizens identified themselves through their sects. With Muslims calling for greater representation and with Cold War tensions, Lebanese leadership had to decide whether to ally with the West or with Egypt, Syria and its Arab history. Christians wanted to continue alliances with the West but Muslims were drawn to Nasser's pan-Arabism. Multiple factors including sectarian tensions and Palestinian refugee settlement in southern Lebanon contributed to the beginnings of the Lebanese Civil War. In 1976, Syrian President Hafez al-Assad sent troops into Lebanon to fight PLO forces on behalf of Christian militias. This led to escalated fighting until a cease-fire agreement later that year that allowed for the stationing of Syrian troops within Lebanon. The Syrian presence in Lebanon quickly changed sides; soon after they entered Lebanon they had flip-flopped and began to fight the Christian nationalists in Lebanon they allegedly entered the country to protect. The Kateab Party and the Lebanese Forces under Bachir Gemayel strongly resisted the Syrians in Lebanon. Following the Israeli invasion into Lebanon in 1982, new Lebanese President Amine Gemayel sought the support of Syrian troops to stabilize the region. Syria fought Israeli troops after the latter's invasion of Lebanon.

Output: b
Question: Did Weiner attend high school and college in the same state? Passage:Weiner was born in Providence, Rhode Island and attended Classical High School, until 1946, and then Radcliffe College. She graduated with a B.A. in 1950, with a dissertation on Henry James. Working in publishing and then in Bloomingdale's department store, she was married and then divorced after four years. Weiner started writing poetry in 1963 though her first chapbook, The Magritte Poems after René Magritte, was published in 1970. It is not indicative of her latter work, being "basically a New York School attempt to write verse in response to the paintings of René Magritte". During the 1960s she also organized and participated in a number of happenings with other members of the New York City art scene, where she had been living for some time. These included 'Hannah Weiner at Her Job', "a sort of open house hosted by her employer, A.H. Schreiber Co., Inc." and 'Fashion Show Poetry Event' with Eduardo Costa, John Perreault, Andy Warhol and others in a "collaborative and innovative enterprise that incorporated conceptual art, design, poetry and performance."

Output: b
Question: Who was older the year Dane appeared on Jackie Gleason's show, Otis Spann or Willie Dixon? Passage:By 1959, Louis Armstrong had asked Time magazine readers: "Did you get that chick? She's a gasser!" and invited her to appear with him on national television. She appeared with Armstrong on the Timex All-Star Jazz Show hosted by Jackie Gleason on January 7, 1959. She toured the East Coast with Jack Teagarden, appeared in Chicago with Art Hodes, Roosevelt Sykes, Little Brother Montgomery, Memphis Slim, Otis Spann, Willie Dixon and others, played New York with Wilbur De Paris and his band, and appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson as a solo guest artist. Other national TV work included The Steve Allen Show, Bobby Troup's Stars of Jazz, and Alfred Hitchcock Presents. In 1961, the singer opened her own club, Sugar Hill: Home of the Blues, on San Francisco's Broadway in the North Beach district, with the idea of creating a venue for the blues in a tourist district where a wider audience could hear it. There Dane performed regularly with her two most constant musical companions: Kenny "Good News" Whitson on piano and cornet and Wellman Braud, former Ellington bassist.

Output: b
Question: Which of the two Abbeys that included Woluwe's territory was built first? Passage:Several archaeological finds on the territory of Woluwe-Saint-Lambert show traces of human activity during the Bronze Age. The first historical mention of the village, however, dates from the 11th century, when some of the forested land near the Woluwe River was cleared for farming. A church was built and dedicated to Saint Lambert, the 7th-century bishop of Maastricht who was martyred in Liège. At the end of the 12th century, the rights to the parish of Saint Lambert were given to the canons of the chapter of St. Michael and Gudula in Brussels. Various charitable organizations and hospitals then started acquiring land in this area. Throughout the Middle Ages, Woluwe was part of the Duchy of Brabant, governed under the usual feudal arrangement of those times. Among the Dukes' vassals were some powerful local lords and landowners. Some of Woluwe's territory also belonged to the powerful Forest Abbey (Vorst in Dutch) and Park Abbey.

Output: b