niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Question: How old was Barton when the American Civil War began? Passage:Barton Stone Alexander (September 4, 1819 – December 15, 1878) was a Union Army lieutenant colonel, engineer regiment commander and chief engineer for the defenses of Washington during the American Civil War. In recognition of his service, in 1866, he was appointed to the brevet rank of brigadier general in the regular army, to rank from March 13, 1865. He was a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and served in the United States Army's Corps of Topographical Engineers, which at times was both a part of and separate from the United States Army Corps of Engineers. After graduating from West Point as a second lieutenant in the Class of 1842, he served in the Mexican–American War, building fortifications to protect American supply lines in the advance on Mexico City. After the end of the war, he was stationed in Washington, D.C., where he served as architect for the Scott Building and Quarters Buildings at the U.S. Soldiers' Home and took over the completion of the Smithsonian Institution Building after dissatisfaction with the pace of the first architect caused him to be dismissed.

Output: b
Question: Is the head coach of the Cyclones' 2011 football team still at Iowa State? Passage:The 2011 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cyclones were led by third year head coach Paul Rhoads and play their home games at Jack Trice Stadium. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference. The conference play began with a loss at home to the Texas Longhorns, and ended with a loss at Manhattan, Kansas to the Kansas State Wildcats in the Farmageddon series, with a 3–6 record. The season will likely be remembered for the game against then #2 Oklahoma State Cowboys, who the Cyclones upset in a double-overtime thriller throwing the BCS into "utter chaos" as dubbed by sports media. The Iowa State squad was invited to the first Pinstripe Bowl game, which they were defeated by Rutgers, and the Cyclone's 2011 season came to a close with 6–7 overall record, 3–6 in Big 12 play, finished 8th place.

Output: b
Question: What universities did first university educated Estonians attend? Passage:Although Estonian national consciousness spread in the course of the 19th century during the Estonian national awakening, some degree of ethnic awareness preceded this development. By the 18th century the self-denomination spread among Estonians along with the older . Anton thor Helle's translation of the Bible into Estonian appeared in 1739, and the number of books and brochures published in Estonian increased from 18 in the 1750s to 54 in the 1790s. By the end of the century more than a half of adult peasants could read. The first university-educated intellectuals identifying themselves as Estonians, including Friedrich Robert Faehlmann (1798–1850), Kristjan Jaak Peterson (1801–1822) and Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald (1803–1882), appeared in the 1820s. The ruling elites had remained predominantly German in language and culture since the conquest of the early 13th century. Garlieb Merkel (1769–1850), a Baltic-German Estophile, became the first author to treat the Estonians as a nationality equal to others; he became a source of inspiration for the Estonian national movement, modelled on Baltic German cultural world before the middle of the 19th century. However, in the middle of the century, the Estonians became more ambitious and started leaning toward the Finns as a successful model of national movement and, to some extent, toward the neighbouring Latvian national movement. By the end of 1860 the Estonians became unwilling to reconcile with German cultural and political hegemony. Before the attempts at Russification in the 1880s, their view of Imperial Russia remained positive.

Output: a
Question: How long had Audi been in business before it was bought by Volkswagen? Passage:In the popular market, Opel and Volkswagen are most well known. Opel was a bicycle company that started making cars in 1899; General Motors bought it out in 1929, but the Nazi government took control, and GM wrote off its entire investment. In 1948, GM returned and restored the Opel brand. Volkswagen is dominant in the popular market; it purchased Audi in 1964, which eventually led to the formation of today's Volkswagen Group. Volkswagen's most famous car was the small, beetle-shaped economical "people's car", with a rear-mounted, air-cooled engine. It was designed in the 1930s by Ferdinand Porsche upon orders from Adolf Hitler, who was himself a car enthusiast. However, production models only appeared after the war; until then, only rich Germans had automobiles. By 1950, Volkswagen was the largest German automobile producer. Today, the Group is one of the three biggest automotive companies in the world, and the largest in Europe; and is now part-owned by Porsche Automobil Holding SE. , seven different car manufacturers belong to the industrial concern: Volkswagen, Audi AG, Bugatti Automobiles SAS, Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A., Bentley Motors Limited, SEAT, S.A., Škoda Auto, along with commercial vehicle makers Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, MAN AG and Scania AB. During German reunification West Germany incorporated non-large (near 200 thousands per year) production of Wartburg, Trabant cars and IFA trucks in East Germany.

Output: b
Question: What present day state was Camp Annapolis Junction located in? Passage:Initially called Camp Annapolis Junction, the post was opened as "Camp Admiral" in 1917 on acquired for a training camp. The post was called Camp Meade Cantonment by 1918, Camp Franklin Signal Corps school was located there and in 1919, the Camp Benning tank school—formed from the World War I Camp Colt and Tobyhanna schools—was transferred to the fort before the Tank Corps was disbanded. Renamed to Fort Leonard Wood (February 1928 – March 5, 1929), the fort's Experimental Motorized Forces in the summer and fall of 1928 tested vehicles and tactics in expedition convoys (Camp Meade observers had joined the in-progress 1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy). In 1929, the fort's 1st Tank Regiment encamped on the Gettysburg Battlefield. During World War II, Fort Meade was used as a recruit training post and prisoner of war camp, in addition to a holding center for approximately 384 Japanese, German, and Italian immigrant residents of the U.S. arrested as potential fifth columnists. The Second U.S. Army Headquarters transferred to the post on June 15, 1947; and in 1957, the post became headquarters of the National Security Agency.

Output: b
Question: Which of the units that Lounge served in while in the Naval Reserve and Texas Air National Guard was the largest? Passage:Lounge entered on active duty with the United States Navy following graduation from the U.S. Naval Academy and spent the next nine years in a variety of assignments. He completed Naval Flight Officer training at Pensacola, Florida, went on to advanced training as a radar intercept officer in the F-4J Phantom II, and subsequently reported to Fighter Squadron 142 (VF-142) based at Naval Air Station Miramar, California. While with VF-142, he completed a nine-month Southeast Asia cruise aboard (participating in 99 combat missions in the Vietnam War) and a seven-month Mediterranean cruise aboard . In 1974, he returned to the U.S. Naval Academy as an instructor in the Physics Department. Lounge transferred to the Navy Space Project Office in Washington, D.C., in 1976, for a two-year tour as a staff project office. He resigned his regular Navy commission in 1978 and joined the Naval Air Reserve. While in the Naval Air Reserve, he served in Reserve Fighter Squadron 201. Later, he became a Lieutenant Colonel in the Texas Air National Guard, serving with the 147th Fighter Interceptor Group.

Output: a
Question: Which county club that were involved in Robinson's debut for Durham has the longest history? Passage:Having played for the Yorkshire seconds since 1994, Robinson went on to play three matches for the Yorkshire Cricket Board in the 1998 MCCA Knockout Trophy. He joined Durham for the 1999 season, making his debut for the county in a List A match against Middlesex in the CGU National League. He made fifteen further appearances for the county, all of them List A appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire in the 2000 Norwich Union National League. In his sixteen List A appearances, he scored 159 runs at an average of 10.60, with a high score of 68. This score, his only fifty, came against Derbyshire in 2000. With the ball, he took 5 wickets at a bowling average of 48.80, with best figures of 2/22.

Output: a
Question: Which team that Herrera played against between March 3 and March 10 has existed longer? Passage:In the opening season of Chilean Primera División, Herrera scored on his debut in a 2–0 win over Audax Italiano on 29 January 2012. After 3 games without scoring, Herrera scored a brace in a 2–2 draw against Club Deportivo Universidad Católica on 26 February 2012 and scored in the next game on 3 March 2012 in a 3–1 win over C.D. Palestino which followed by the next game on 10 March 2012 in a 3–1 loss against CD Huachipato. On 24 March 2012, Herrera scored twice and setting up a goal for Fernando Cordero in a 5–2 win over Deportes La Serena. On 7 April 2012, Herrera scored and setting up a goal for Mauro Díaz in a 4–2 win over Colo-Colo. On 21 April 2012, Herrera scored in a 2–2 draw against Santiago Wanderers. On 28 April 2012, Herrera scored and setting up a goal for Braulio Leal in a 4–1 win over C.D. Universidad de Concepción. After scoring 10 goals in the regular season, Unión Española won the qualification for the final round to be in fifth place.

Output: a
Question: In which state did the Penzias family settle after they fled Nazi Germany? Passage:Penzias was born in Munich, Germany, the son of Justine (née Eisenreich) and Karl Penzias, who ran a leather business. His grandparents had come to Munich from Poland and were among the leaders of the Reichenbach Strasse Shul. At age six, he and his brother Gunther were among the Jewish children evacuated to Britain as part of the Kindertransport rescue operation. Some time later, his parents also fled Nazi Germany for the U.S., and the family settled in the Garment District of New York City in 1940. In 1946, Penzias became a naturalized citizen of the United States. He graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School in 1951 and after enrolling to study chemistry at the City College of New York, he changed majors and graduated 1954 with a degree in physics, ranked near the top of his class.

Output: b
Question: How much did the revenues of Crossraguel Abbey amount to when George Buchanan was given them by the queen? Passage:In 1560 or 1561 Buchanan returned to Scotland, and by April 1562 was installed as tutor to the young Mary, Queen of Scots, who read Livy with him daily. Although he had remained Catholic throughout his support of the new learning and his strident criticism of the vices of the clergy, he now openly joined the Protestants Reformed Church and in 1566 was appointed principal of St Leonard's College, St Andrews, by the Earl of Moray. Two years before, he had received from the queen the gift of the revenues of Crossraguel Abbey. Though a layman, he was made Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1567. He had sat in the assemblies from 1563. He was the last lay person to be elected Moderator until Alison Elliot in 2004, the first female Moderator.

Output: b
Question: How many times has Belgium won the Ice Hockey World Championships? Passage:Loicq played ice hockey for Belgium men's national ice hockey team and won four bronze medals from in 1910 to 1914. He was a leading supporter of the efforts to introduce ice hockey at the Olympic Games, and served on the organizing committee for ice hockey at the 1920 Summer Olympics. After playing in the 1920 Olympics he served as president of the Royal Belgian Ice Hockey Federation from 1920 to 1935, and as president of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) from 1922 to 1947. During his time as president the IIHF more than doubled its membership and welcomed the first national associations from Asia and Africa, and the IIHF began hosting its annual Ice Hockey World Championships in 1930. He was also an international ice hockey referee from 1924 to 1937 at the Olympic Games, the Ice Hockey World Championships and the Ice Hockey European Championships. He served in the Belgian Army during World War I and World War II, achieved the rank of Colonel, and represented Belgium as legal counsel at the Nuremberg trials. 

Output: b
Question: Which was created first, the University of Pennsylvania or the Linguistic Society of America? Passage:He was educated in the German Gymnasium, where he learned the classical languages, and trained as an Indo-Europeanist and a historical and comparative linguist in universities in Munich, Zurich, Padua, and Florence. His refugee status compelled these moves (his grandparents were Jewish, and by 1933 Jews were forbidden to attend German universities). In 1939 he escaped to the United States, where he was at first a research assistant at Yale. He taught at the University of Pennsylvania from 1948 until his retirement in 1985. He was a member of the Linguistic Society of America, of which he was elected President in 1958, and a member of the American Philosophical Society for more than 30 years. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. He spent a year at Oxford in 1976 and was elected a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy in 1986.

Output: a
Question: What country was Metzger born in? Passage:Metzger was born to a Jewish family in Mainz on March 23, 1932, to a hardware store owner and a homemaker. Some of his relatives perished in the Holocaust. At the suggestion of his sisters, Metzger's father moved to the United States in 1937, followed by his wife and sons in January 1938. Henry Metzger attended the Bronx High School of Science, as did his brother, then earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Rochester in 1953, followed by a medical degree at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1957. Metzger completed his residency at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, and joined the Public Health Service in 1959, through which he began working at the National Institutes of Health. After two years of post-doctoral study with Seymour Jonathan Singer, funded partly by the Helen Hay Whitney Fellowship, Metzger returned to the National Institutes of Health, working primarily in the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.

Output: b
Question: Were the players who scored for Bayer II in the opening game  born in the same place? Passage:On 27 July, Bayern Munich II opened up their season with a 2–1 victory against Union Berlin. Thomas Müller and Mehmet Ekici scored for Bayern II and Shergo Biran scored for Union Berlin. Bayern II finished the matchday tied for fifth with VfR Aalen. On matchday two, on 2 August, Bayern II and Borussia Wuppertal finished in a 2–2 draw. Deniz Yılmaz and Mehmet Ekici scored for Bayern II and Marcel Reichwein and Tobias Damm scored for Borussia Wuppertal. Bayern II finished the matchday in seventh place. On matchday three, on 16 August, Bayern II defeated Dynamo Dresden 1–0 with a goal from Daniel Sikorski. Bayern II finished the matchday in third place. On matchday four, on 23 August, Bayern II defeated Eintracht Braunschweig 1–0 with a goal from Mehmet Ekici. Bayern II finished the matchday in first place. On matchday five, on 29 August, Bayern II defeated Carl Zeiss Jena 2–1. Deniz Yılmaz and Thomas Müller scored for Bayern II and Salvatore Amirante scored for Carl Zeiss Jena. Bayern II finished the matchday in second place. The match between Bayern II and VfR Aalen on matchday six, on 13 September, finished in a goalless draw. Bayern II finished the matchday in second place. Bayern II had their second consecutive draw after a 1–1 draw against Werder Bremen II on matchday seven, on 19 September. Bayern II finished the matchday in third place. Bayern II loss of their first match of the season after losing to SC Paderborn 07 2–1 on matchday eight, on 27 September. Frank Löning scored two goals for Paderborn and Daniel Sikorski scored for Bayern II. Bayern II finished the matchday in seventh place.

Output: a
Question: What were the main beliefs of the religion that the Slavic population practiced in 852? Passage:When Boris I assumed the throne of Bulgaria in 852, the country was still pagan, with the ruling Bulgar elite being Tengriists while the Slavic population practised its own religion. Christianity was already widespread in Bulgaria as the country was established on former territories of the Byzantine Empire, and seems to have been influential. Even one of the sons of Khan Omurtag (r. 814–831), Enravota, converted to Christianity. The Bulgarian nobility was strongly opposed to any form of Byzantine influence in the country and was therefore hostile to Christianity as it was directly associated with the Byzantine Empire. Boris I, however, had many reasons to consider conversion — Bulgaria was situated between two powerful Christian empires, Byzantium and East Francia; Christian doctrine particularly favoured the position of the monarch as God's representative on Earth; and finally, Boris also saw Christianity as a way to overcome the differences between Bulgars and Slavs. The geopolitical situation in the mid 9th century was also favourable because of the increasing friction and rivalry between the Papacy in Rome and the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople for influence in Central Europe. That struggle between the two churches would give the Bulgarian ruler the opportunity to manoeuvre and negotiate with both, thus extracting favourable concessions while keeping the country out of direct foreign influence. When the Byzantines invaded Bulgaria in the autumn of 863 and demanded conversion to Christianity from Constantinople as the single condition to retreat, Boris I readily accepted and was baptised in the beginning of 864, assuming the Christian name Michael after his spiritual godfather, the Byzantine Emperor Michael III. That step was very unpopular among the nobility, but when they rebelled Boris I dealt decisively with them and executed 52 magnates along with their whole families. When in the following year the Byzantines sturdily demonstrated their determination not to allow the existence of an autocephalous Bulgarian Church, Boris I decided to turn to the Papacy.

Output: b
Question: Which of the tournaments that Serena Williams' played in 1997 in the qualifying round is the oldest? Passage:Williams played the qualifying rounds of her first three tournaments of 1997, in the first round of State Farm Evert Cup, third round of Acura Classic and second round of European Indoor Championships, to Alexia Dechaume-Balleret, Magui Serna and Dominique Monami respectively. She then qualified for her first tour main draw when she defeated Magui Serna in the final round of qualifying at the Kremlin Cup, but lost in the first round of the main draw to compatriot Kimberly Po. She then entered the Ameritech Cup as a wild card and ranked no. 304. She earned her first main draw win against then world no. 27 Elena Likhovtseva in straight sets. In the next round, she upset world no. 7 Mary Pierce in two tight sets, with Williams failing to serve it out in the twelfth game of the second set but eventually won in a tie-break. In the quarterfinal she upset world no. 4 Monica Seles easing through the second and third sets, recording her first career wins over top 10 players and becoming the lowest-ranked player in the open era to defeat two top 10 opponents in one tournament. She ultimately lost in the semifinals to world no. 5 Lindsay Davenport 4-6 in both sets.

Output: a
Question: Which country did the Mets' starting pitcher who played in the 1999 National League Championship Series come from? Passage:The game began shortly after 4 p.m. with Greg Maddux pitching for Atlanta and Masato Yoshii starting for the Mets. The Mets took an early 2–0 lead in the bottom of the first inning as John Olerud hit his second home run in as many days with Rickey Henderson on first. The lead lasted into the fourth inning, when Atlanta struck back with consecutive doubles by Bret Boone and Chipper Jones, eventually knotting the score at 2–2 when Brian Jordan singled home Jones. Mets Manager Bobby Valentine was immediately prompted to remove Yoshii from the game in favor of Orel Hershiser, which began a run on pitching changes that resulted in the Mets emptying their bullpen by game's end, relying on starter Kenny Rogers and rookie Octavio Dotel for key innings, and might have gone to Game 4's starter Rick Reed had the game progressed past the fifteenth inning. In all, the Mets used a postseason record nine pitchers in this game.

Output: b
Question: What was the first article that Khariton Chebotaryov wrote for the Moskovskie Vedomosti? Passage:Khariton Chebotaryov was born in Vologda into a poor family. In 1755, he entered a gymnasium under the Moscow University, becoming a university student six years later. Upon his graduation from the university in 1764, Chebotaryov was soon hired by his alma mater as a translator from Latin and German. In 1767, he was transferred to the gymnasium as a teacher of history and geography. In 1773, Khariton Chebotaryov was entrusted with teaching Russian literature, simultaneously doing translations from Latin, German, and French with his students. In 1775, he was appointed deputy librarian (суб-библиотекарь) of the university library (only a professor could hold this post) and editor-in-chief of the Moskovskie Vedomosti for the next three years. In 1776, Khariton Chebotaryov became an extraordinary professor at the Russian Literature Department, simultaneously remaining a philosophy and world history teacher at the gymnasium. Upon the death of Professor Johann Gottfried Reichel, Chebotaryov delivered lectures on European history and Russian literature at the gymnasium. In 1778, Khariton Chebotaryov was made an ordinary professor and appointed librarian and censor at the university theater. In 1778-1783, he was a secretary of the academic council (университетская конференция), inspector of the university gymnasium and normal school. In 1782, Khariton Chebotaryov was promoted to the rank of a collegiate assessor and then court councilor (1786). At the behest of the Empress, he and Anton Barsov were engaged in copying out notes from Russian chronicles, located at synodal and patriarchal libraries and Moscow State Archive. These notes were later presented to Catherine the Great and then served as a source for her Notes on Russian History. In consideration of his efforts, Khariton Chebotaryov was rewarded with 500 silver rubles. After the transformation of the university charter, Chebotaryov was elected its rector (being in the rank of collegiate councilor) and awarded with the Order of Saint Anna (2nd Class). Upon his resignation from this post, Chebotaryov was appointed a permanent representative of the university board, remaining as such until his death. In 1809, Khariton Chebotaryov was promoted to the rank of state councilor. During the Patriotic War of 1812, he lost his precious library and personal archives, which would come to him as a shock and greatly undermine his health. As a result, Chebotaryov suffered a stroke and died on July 26, 1815. He was interred at the Vagankovo Cemetery in Moscow. 

Output: b
Question: Who was coach of the team for which Jullich played before joining Bayern? Passage:Primarily a midfielder, Jüllich began his career with Waldhof Mannheim, where he played for two seasons in the Regionalliga before joining Bayern in July 2010. He made his 3. Liga debut in the opening match of the 2010–11 season, a 1–0 defeat against SV Babelsberg. He has played for Bayern's first-team in pre-season friendlies in 2010, most notably the Franz Beckenbauer farewell match against Real Madrid, where he played as a stand-in for Philipp Lahm at right back, and earned praise for his performance up against Cristiano Ronaldo. He was named in Bayern's squad for the 2010–11 UEFA Champions League, where he was given the number 34, and was named on the substitutes' bench for a Bundesliga match against Hannover 96 in October 2010. After two years with Bayern's reserves, he joined 1. FC Saarbrücken in summer 2012, where he spent a season before being released in 2013. He signed for SG Sonnenhof Großaspach four months later.

Output: b
Question: Is the city that was captured that enabled Spain to recover East Florida now the capital of the Bahamas? Passage:The rivalry with Britain also led him to support the American revolutionaries in their War of Independence despite his misgivings about the example it would set for the Spanish Colonies. During the war, Spain recovered Menorca and British West Florida in military campaigns, but failed to regain Gibraltar. Spanish military operations in West Florida and on the Mississippi River helped the Thirteen Colonies secure their southern and western frontiers from British attack. The capture of Nassau in the Bahamas enabled Spain to also recover East Florida during peace negotiations. The Treaty of Paris of 1783 confirmed the recovery of the Floridas and Menorca, and restricted the actions of British commercial interests in Central America.

Output: b
Question: How long had MIT been operating when Ray left? Passage:Raymond "Ray" King (born 1964) is an American entrepreneur and co-founder of multiple companies including AboutUs.org and Top Level Design. He began his career by creating The Computer Workshop with a group of friends which offered computing classes at Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan. This venture earned him $60,000, enough to cover tuition at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for one year. King studied computer science there until he left in 1984 to start Semaphore Inc. which sold accounting and project management software, that he had begun developing in college, to architecture and engineering firms. He founded SnapNames, which specialized in "snapping up" expired domain names, in 2000 after relocating to Portland, Oregon. King left the company in 2005 and founded the wiki Internet domain directory AboutUs.org in 2006. He served as chief executive officer until stepping down in 2013. In 2012, he and his brother-in-law founded the registry Top Level Design, which manages the new top-level domains .design, .ink, and .wiki. King and his wife have one daughter and reside in the Portland metropolitan area.

Output: b
Question: Who wrote the albums' second international single? Passage:The album's lead single "Little Bit of Everything", written by Brad and Brett Warren (both of The Warren Brothers) along with Kevin Rudolf, was released on 14 May 2013. This song reached number one on the US Billboard Country Airplay chart in September 2013, as did "We Were Us", which was released as the album's second international single. in September 2013. "Shame" was released as the second single in Australia and New Zealand only in August 2013. The third international single, "Cop Car" was released in January 2014. The fourth international single, "Somewhere in My Car", was released on 23 June 2014. That song also reached number one on the Country Airplay chart late that year. The fifth international single, "Raise 'Em Up" is duet with Eric Church. it was released on 26 January 2015, and became the fourth (of the five North American releases) to top the Country Airplay chart in May 2015.

Output: b
Question: Which of Padukone's releases in 2014 made more money? Passage:Padukone's performances in her four releases of 2013 earned her various accolades. She was nominated for the Producers Guild Film Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and won IIFA Jodi of the Year (along with Ranbir Kapoor) for the blockbuster romantic comedy Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani (2013). She subsequently won Best Actress awards at the IIFA and Zee Cine awards and earned additional Filmfare Best Actress nomination for her performance of a Tamil girl on the run in the blockbuster romantic comedy Chennai Express (2013). She also received her first Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role of a Gujarati girl based on William Shakespeare's Juliet character in the tragic romance Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela (2013). Her performances in the satirical road comedy Finding Fanny (2014) and the heist comedy Happy New Year (2014) won the Star of the Year (Female) award at Stardust. The following year, she received various accolades for her role as a Bengali architect in the comedy-drama Piku, including her second Best Actress award at the Filmfare, Screen, Producers Guild and IIFA awards along with Zee Cine Best Actress Critics Award. Additionally, Padukone won Stardust Award for Best Actress for her performances in the former and the romantic drama Tamasha (2015). That same year, for her role as Mastani in the historical romance Bajirao Mastani (2015), she received additional Best Actress nominations from the Filmfare, IIFA, Producers Guild Awards and won Zee Cine Best Actress award.

Output: a
Question: How many AKAs in total were built for service? Passage:The Bougainville invasion was the ultimate responsibility of Admiral William F. Halsey, commander South Pacific Area, at his headquarters at Nouméa, New Caledonia. The landings were under the personal direction of Rear Admiral Theodore S. Wilkinson, commander III Amphibious Force, aboard his flagship, attack transport . Also aboard was Lieutenant General Alexander A. Vandegrift, commander I Marine Amphibious Corps. Loaded aboard eight attack transports (APAs) and four attack cargo transports (AKAs), organized into three transport divisions, were the men of the 3rd Marine Division (reinforced), Major General Allen H. Turnage commanding. The fighting on Bougainville would be the division's first action of the war. With Turnage aboard the was Commodore Lawrence F. Reifsnider, who had responsibility for the transports and attack cargo ships. The transport divisions were escorted by a screen consisting of 11 destroyers, and were supported by various fleet tugs, minesweepers and minelayers. Anti-aircraft guns from the 3rd Marine Defense Battalion under Lieutenant Colonel Edward H. Forney and several field artillery batteries from the 12th Marine Regiment under Colonel John B. Wilson were assigned to the operation to provide support to ground troops once ashore. Direct air cover for the landing was provided by Major General Nathan Twining's AirSols command, which included aircraft from: the US Army Air Force (USAAF) the United States Navy the United States Marine Corps and the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF). Lieutenant General George Kenney's Fifth Air Force was also tasked with supporting operations around Bougainville by conducting raids on Japanese air and naval assets around Rabaul.

Output: b
Question: Where was Billboard Frolics' creator born? Passage:Cantor appears in caricature form in numerous Looney Tunes cartoons produced for Warner Bros., although he was often voiced by an imitator. Beginning with I Like Mountain Music (1933), other animated Cantor cameos include Shuffle Off to Buffalo (Harman-Ising, 1933) and Billboard Frolics (Friz Freleng, 1935). Eddie Cantor is one of the four "down on their luck" stars (along with Bing Crosby, Al Jolson, and Jack Benny) snubbed by Elmer Fudd in What’s Up, Doc? (Bob McKimson, 1950). In Farm Frolics (Bob Clampett, 1941), a horse, asked by the narrator to "do a canter", promptly launches into a singing, dancing, eye-rolling impression. The Cantor gag that got the most mileage, however, was his oft-repeated wish for a son after five famous daughters. Slap-Happy Pappy (Clampett, 1940) features an "Eddie Cackler" rooster that wants a boy, to little avail. Other references can be found in Baby Bottleneck (Clampett, 1946) and Circus Today (Tex Avery, 1940). In Merrie Melodies, The Coo-Coo Nut Grove Cantor's many daughters are referenced by a group of singing quintuplet girls. In Porky’s Naughty Nephew (Clampett, 1938) a swimming Cantor gleefully adopts a "buoy". An animated Cantor also appears prominently in Walt Disney's "Mother Goose Goes Hollywood" (Wilfred Jackson, 1938) as Little Jack Horner, who sings "Sing a Song of Sixpence".

Output: b
Question: Which TLC hit that reached top 10 on the UK Singles Chart was the most successful commercially? Passage:The Very Best of TLC: Crazy Sexy Hits material is taken from four of their studio albums: Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip (1992), CrazySexyCool (1994), FanMail (1999), and 3D (2002), and Now & Forever: The Hits (2003), which were all recorded from 1991 to 2003. Their 1993 cover of The Time's "Get It Up" for the soundtrack to Poetic Justice does not appear on any of their studio albums, but still appears on the compilation along with the trio's most successful singles in the United Kingdom. These include "No Scrubs", which placed at number three on the UK Singles Chart and was awarded a platinum certification from the British Phonographic Industry (BPI); "Waterfalls", which peaked at number four on the UK Singles Chart and also achieved platinum status; "Unpretty", a silver-certificated single which peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart, and "Creep", which also peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart after being reissued across the UK and Europe. It did not, however, include "Dear Lie", a moderately received UK single which was certified silver. Instead, the non-charting songs "Come Get Some", "Damaged" and "Get It Up" were included in the final track listing, with "Whoop De Woo" (a non-album track) and "In Your Arms Tonight" (from 3D) the only two non-single tracks that appeared the compilation.

Output: a
Question: Is the team that Duke City lost to in the 2007 WFTDA WEstern Regional Tournament quarterfinals still active? Passage:Duke City's all-star travel team, the Mueñcas Muertas, represented the league at the first WFTDA Championships in 2006, where they finished 19th out of 20 teams. At the 2007 WFTDA Western Regional Tournament Duke City won their opening game 110-82 over the Rocky Mountain Rollergirls, but then lost to Tucson Roller Derby in the quarterfinals, 166-41. At the 2008 Western Regional, Duke City opened with a victory over Pikes Peak Derby Dames and then upset the defending WFTDA Champion Kansas City Roller Warriors 132-117, automatically qualifying for Championships. Duke City then lost to Bay Area in the semifinals and Rat City Rollergirls in the third place game to finish Westerns in fourth place. At Championships in Portland, Duke City lost their opening round game to Gotham Girls Roller Derby 182-25. At the 2009 Western Regional, Duke City lost the fifth place game to Bay Area 105-103 to finish in sixth place. As the eighth seed at the 2009 Western Playoff, Duke City lost their opening games to Tucson and Denver, before falling to Sacred City Derby Girls to finish in tenth place.

Output: b
Question: How many episodes of Winx Club feature both the red-haired leader and the fairy of nature? Passage:The series follows the adventures of a group of girls known as the Winx, students (and later graduates) at the Alfea College for Fairies, who turn into fairies to fight villains. The team consists of Bloom, the red-haired leader with flame-based powers; Stella, the fairy of the Sun and Moon; Flora, the fairy of nature; Tecna, the fairy of technology; Musa, the fairy of music; and Aisha, the fairy of waves. Roxy, the fairy of animals, occasionally joins the Winx and all three of the show's production companies refer to her as the Winx Club's seventh member. The main male characters are called the Specialists, a group of students and later graduates of the Red Fountain school who are romantically involved with the Winx fairies. They include Bloom's fiance Sky; Stella's fiance Brandon; Flora's boyfriend Helia; Tecna's boyfriend Timmy; and Musa's boyfriend Riven. Unlike their female counterparts, the Specialists do not have magical powers and instead train how to fight using laser weapons. The Winx and Specialists' most frequent adversaries are a trio of witches named the Trix: Icy, Darcy, and Stormy, all of whom are former students of the Cloud Tower school.

Output: b
Question: How long had the Travel Channel been in existence for the year Ripley's premiered on it? Passage:Ripley's Believe It or Not! is the name of several documentary television series based on the newspaper feature. The first series aired on NBC from 1949 to 1950, and was hosted by Robert L. Ripley until his death, after which several substitute hosts filled in. The series was revived again on ABC, running from 1982-1986, and was hosted primarily by Jack Palance. Another revival debuted on TBS in 2000, and aired until 2003, with Dean Cain as the host. A Filipino version, hosted by Chris Tiu, debuted in 2008. An animated series based on the Ripley's franchise was also created, and premiered in 1999. Another revival premiered on Travel Channel in June 2019, with Bruce Campbell as the host.

Output: b
Question: Which player played longer in the NHL, Doug McCaig or Bill Jennings? Passage:Norman Joseph McAtee (June 28, 1921 – August 25, 2010) was a professional ice hockey player who played 13 games in the National Hockey League with the Boston Bruins. Born in Stratford, Ontario, he and his brother Jud played together in junior ice hockey with the Oshawa Generals during the years when the Generals dominated the Ontario Hockey League, winning championships with them in 1938–39. 1939–40 and 1940–41. At the end of the 1941 season, Norm joined his brother by signing as a free agent with the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL. However, beginning in 1942 and lasting throughout World War II, Norm became a flying officer in the Royal Canadian Air Force. After his discharge in 1945, he teamed with his brother in the Red Wings farm system before the two of them were traded to the Chicago Blackhawks for Doug McCaig in December 1945. Just over a month later, Chicago traded him to Boston for Bill Jennings, and Norm joined the Bruins for 13 games, recording one assist. After that, he finished his career in the minor leagues, ending as player-coach with the Troy Bruins in Troy, Ohio from 1951 to 1954.

Output: a
Question: Which of the universities Hubble worked for was founded first? Passage:Hubble was born on 25 December 1900 to Harry Edward Hubble and Agnes Kate (née Field). He graduated from St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, qualifying with the Conjoint in 1924, and receiving the MBBS in 1926. He began his career as a general practitioner in Derby and joined Derbyshire Children's Hospital as a consultant in 1932, and obtaining the MD in 1934. He developed an interest in paediatric endocrinology, and gained a national reputation for his expertise after publishing numerous articles in the field. He worked simultaneously as a general practitioner and a specialist paediatrician until 1942, when he was appointed as a physician to the Derbyshire Royal Infirmary and Derby City Hospital. He resigned from general practice in 1948 following the formation of the National Health Service. In 1950 he gained membership of the Royal College of Physicians and became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1954. He later joined the University of Birmingham Medical School in 1958 as the chair of paediatrics, and worked principally on the development of the Institute of Child Health. He became Public Orator of the university, and was later became dean of the Faculty of Medicine in 1963. He was forced to retire from Birmingham in 1968, 3 years beyond his retiring age, but moved to Ethiopia to become the dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Addis Ababa University.

Output: a
Question: When did the event where  Frank Alberry won a Distinguished Conduct Medal end? Passage:Frank Alberry, DCM (29 September 1892 – 23 January 1968) was an Australian soldier and airman who had a varied military career. Born in Hobart, he served in the Welch Regiment of the British Army before the First World War, but deserted. He joined up again in the early days of the First World War, and went on to serve with the 8th Battalion of the Australian Imperial Force. After service at Gallipoli, he joined the British Expeditionary Force in France. He won a Distinguished Conduct Medal at the Battle of Pozières, but lost a lower leg in the process. Alberry took the extraordinary step of personally petitioning King George V for permission to transfer to the Flying Corps, and subsequently became a flying ace credited with seven aerial victories. Alberry returned to service during the Second World War as a recruiter.

Output: b
Question: Who did Pink collaborate with on Lady Marmalade? Passage:Alecia Beth Moore (born September 8, 1979), known professionally as Pink (stylized as ), is an American singer and songwriter. She was originally a member of the girl group Choice. In 1995, LaFace Records saw potential in Pink and offered her a solo recording contract. Her R&B-influenced debut studio album Can't Take Me Home (2000) was certified double-platinum in the United States and spawned two Billboard Hot 100 top-ten songs: "There You Go" and "Most Girls". She gained further recognition with the collaborative single "Lady Marmalade" from the Moulin Rouge! soundtrack, which topped many charts worldwide. Refocusing her sound to pop rock with her second studio album Missundaztood (2001), the album sold more than 13 million copies worldwide and yielded the international number-one songs "Get the Party Started", "Don't Let Me Get Me", and "Just Like a Pill".

Output: a
Question: When was the artist who sang "Our Time Is Here" born? Passage:On the song "The Kid Frankie", Khalifa raps over the English R&B band Loose Ends' No. 1 hit single, "Hangin' on a String" (1985). Khalifa stated that the song was inspired by the character Frankie from the film The Business (2005), who listens to Loose Ends while traveling around Spain. The song "Never Been" samples "Schala's Theme" from the soundtrack to the video game Chrono Trigger with its soundtrack composed by Yasunori Mitsuda. The song "Up", samples Tevin Campbell's "Could It Be". "In the Cut" samples "Let Go" by Frou Frou from the end credits of the film Garden State, the song "We're Done" samples the single "Our Time Is Here" by Demi Lovato from the Disney soundtrack Camp Rock. The song "Visions" contains a sample from "Huit Octobre 1971" by Cortex. "Spotlight" sampled "Theme from the Planets" by Dexter Wansel, from his album "Life on Mars" (1976) and "Still Blazin" samples Alborosie's song of the same name.

Output: b
Question: How many wrestlers have held the title Guerrera won on October 4, 1988? Passage:The combination of Guerrera's in ring skills, natural charisma and unique mask quickly landed him a regular job working for Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre (EMLL), Mexico's largest wrestling promotion. On September 25, 1981 Fuerza Guerrera made his first appearance at a major EMLL show as he wrestled and defeated Negro Casas on EMLL's 48th Anniversary show. On November 6, 1983 Guerrera defeated Aguila Venezolana in a tournament final to win the vacant Mexican National Lightweight Championship, the first professional wrestling championships of his career. In May, 1984 Guerrera vacated the title when he moved from the lightweight weight class (between and ) and into the Welterweight weight class (between and ). On December 3, 1985 Fuerza Guerrera captured the Mexican National Welterweight Championship when he defeated Javier Cruz. Guerrera held the title for approximately 240 days before vacating the title as he left EMLL to work for other wrestling promotions in Mexico. By late 1988 Guerrera had returned to EMLL and captured the NWA World Welterweight Championship on October 4, 1988 when he defeated Solar II and won the highest ranking title in the Welterweight division at the time. Guerrera would go on to make several successful title defenses until he lost to Águila Solitaria on June 2, 1980. Guerrera regained the title three days later and went on to have an 808-day reign that included successful title defenses against Pantera II, Americo Rocca, his trainer Gallo Tapado, Misterioso and Octagón. In 1989 Guerrera also began working part-time in the Tijuana, Baja California based World Wrestling Association promotion, winning the WWA Welterweight Championship twice in 1989 and 1990.

Output: b
Question: What was the prior position of the Lions' head coach that was named in 2001? Passage:In 2000, Schlesinger played in all 16 games for the fifth time in six NFL seasons and second year as the Lions' starting fullback. His 15 special teams tackles tied for fifth on squad as well. In 2001, the Lions named Marty Mornhinweg head coach and the team moved away from a power rushing attack to the west coast offense. The fullback, in addition to rushing and blocking responsibilities, can also be more involved in the passing game. Schlesinger finished the 2001 season with single-season career highs in rushing attempts (47), rushing yards (154), rushing touchdowns (three), receptions (60), and receiving yards (466). On the year Schlesinger rushed for 16 first downs, the only season of his career he accumulated a double-digit total in the category. For his efforts during the season, he was voted the Chuck Hughes Most Improved Player by teammates and was also voted onto Howie Long's Tough Guy team. He was also named to the 2001 All-Pro Team by Sports Illustrateds Paul Zimmerman and to the College and Pro Football Newsweekly 2001 All-Pro Second Team squad. In 2002, he finished the year with 139 rushing yards and two rushing touchdowns along with 35 receptions for 263 yards. He was an alternate in the 2002 Pro Bowl to starter Mike Alstott. He was also the Detroit Lions recipient of the 2002 Ed Block Courage Award.

Output: b
Question: When was the General who would become the future chief of army staff born? Passage:Ayub Khan joined the Royal Military College, Sandhurst as a trainee in July 1926. He was commissioned as a 2nd Lt. on 2 February 1928 in the 1/14th Punjab Regiment (1st Battalion of the 14th Punjab Regiment) of the British Indian Army – before this he was attached to the Royal Fusiliers. Amongst those who passed out with him was the future chief of army staff of the Indian Army, General Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri who served as the army chief from 1962 to 1966 while Ayub was the president of Pakistan during the time. After the standard probationary period of service in the British Army, he was appointed to the British Indian Army on 10 April 1929, joining the 1/14th Punjab Regiment Sherdils, now known as 5th Punjab Regiment.

Output: b
Question: What does UNESCO stand for? Passage:Wyndham devoted much of his life to public service outside of his role in the Department of Education. In 1945 he led the Australian delegation at the conference which created UNESCO and was a member of the Australian delegation to UNESCO in 1958 and again in 1966. In 1959 he represented Australia at the Commonwealth Education Conference at Oxford and again in New Delhi in 1962. He was a Fellow of the Royal Institute of Public Administration and a Fellow and President (1963–1965) of the Australian College of Educators. He was Chairman of the NSW State Library Board, NSW State Archives Authority, Secondary Schools Board, Board of Senior School Studies, Board of Teacher Education, Sydney Symphony Orchestra Advisory Committee and Intellectually Handicapped Standing Committee amongst others. He was a member of the Senate of the University of Sydney, Council of the University of New South Wales, Council of the University of New England, Council of Macquarie University, Technical Education Advisory Council and the Sydney Opera House Trust. In 1961 Wyndham was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for services to education in NSW and in 1969 appointed a Knight Bachelor.

Output: b