niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Question: Did Graham Clark attend elementary school and high school in New Jersey? Passage:Graham Clarke was born in Holy Name Medical Center in Teaneck, New Jersey on July 11, 1970. Clarke's parents, Lorain Maria Clarke (née Meola), a homemaker, and Thomas Michael "Moose" Clarke, a stockbroker were married in 1960 and had three children before Graham: Thomas in 1961, Dennis in 1962, and Martin in 1965. He spent the first seven years of his life in a split-level home in Dumont, New Jersey. He was frequently in the room when his older brother Tommy would have guitar lessons with musician Bob Berger. Bob noted one time when a screaming Graham had scarlet fever "That boy's screaming on key! That's a C note." Such exposure to music had an obvious influence on him and there is an oft-told family story that claims the first song Graham ever learned to sing was "Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard," a popular song Tommy was learning on the guitar at the time. At the age of seven, his family moved one town over to Oradell, where he attended St. Joseph Grammar School, and later Bergen Catholic High School. Neither school had a music program so Graham taught himself how to play the guitar using his brother's old fake books.

Output: a
Question: Who is the oldest of Anne Beloff's siblings? Passage:Anne Beloff was born in 1921 in Hampstead to Simon Beloff and Marie Katzin. Her parents were of Russian–Jewish background, and her siblings included the historian Max Beloff, Baron Beloff, the psychologist John Beloff, the journalist Nora Beloff, and the politician Renee Soskin. She earned a degree in chemistry from University College London in 1942 before completing a PhD in the biochemistry of skin burns with Rudolph Peters at the University of Oxford. She visited Harvard Medical School in 1946 to perform research and returned to the UK in 1948. In the same year she married Ernst Boris Chain, a biochemist who had won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945, and moved with him to Rome.

Output: a
Question: How many NFL championships have been won by the team that picked Sanders in the 1995 draft? Passage:Sanders was selected in the second round (47th overall) of the 1995 NFL Draft by the Arizona Cardinals. As a rookie, he started all 16 games, and recorded 52 receptions for 883 yards and two touchdowns. During Week 6, in a 27-21 loss to the New York Giants he recorded six receptions for 108 yards and the only two touchdowns of the season. In 1996, he recorded 69 receptions or 813 yards and four touchdowns. In 1997, he recorded 75 receptions for 1,017 yards and four touchdowns. In 1998, he experienced his best season statistically. He led the team in receptions (89) and receiving yards (1,145) and three touchdowns. In 1999, he recorded 79 receptions for 954 yards and one touchdown. In 2000, he recorded 54 receptions for 749 yards and a career-high in touchdowns (6). In 2001, he recorded 41 receptions for 618 yards and two touchdowns. In 2002, his final with the Cardinals, he recorded a Cardinals' career low in receptions (34) and receiving yards (400), and two touchdowns.

Output: b
Question: In which state did Don Cardwell no-hit the St. Louis Cardinals 4-0 in the second game of a doubleheader? Passage:Cardwell was traded to the Cubs on May 13, 1960, for Tony Taylor. Two days later, he no-hit the St. Louis Cardinals 4–0 in the second game of a doubleheader at Wrigley Field—the first no-hitter ever thrown by a pitcher in his first start with a new team. The lone baserunner for the Cardinals was by a walk from Cardwell to Alex Grammas with one out in the first inning; Cardwell then retired the next 26 batters. Two ninth-inning catches enabled Cardwell to secure the no-hitter: the first catch by Cubs right fielder George Altman on a Carl Sawatski line drive for the first out of the inning, and the second catch by Cubs left fielder Walt "Moose" Moryn on Joe Cunningham's sinking line drive to end the game, Moryn catching the ball just inches off the ground. Cardwell finished the season 9–16 and the Cubs 60–94 despite his no-hitter. Cardwell also showed his hitting ability in 1960, getting 16 hits including five home runs in 77 at bats for a .208 batting average.

Output: b
Question: When was the institute that awarded Ellis the Maxwell Medal and the Paul Dirac Prize founded? Passage:After completing his secondary education at Highgate School, he attended King's College, Cambridge, earning his PhD in theoretical (high-energy) particle physics in 1971. After brief post-doc positions at SLAC and Caltech, he went to CERN and has held an indefinite contract there since 1978. He was awarded the Maxwell Medal and the Paul Dirac Prize by the Institute of Physics in 1982 and 2005 respectively, and is an Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of London since 1985 and of the Institute of Physics since 1991. He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Southampton, and twice won the First Award in the Gravity Research Foundation essay competition (in 1999 and 2005). He is also Honorary Doctor at Uppsala University.

Output: b
Question: Is Sylvain Levi from France? Passage:Following his completion of secondary school, Demiéville spent time studying in Munich, London, and Edinburgh, where he was able to attend lectures by George Saintsbury at the University of Edinburgh. He then attended the University of Paris, where he wrote an essay on the musical suite of the 17th and 18th centuries and was awarded a licentiate degree in 1914. Demiéville then spent the year 1915 studying at King's College London where he was introduced to Chinese, which quickly became his focus. After returning to France, Demiéville studied at the École des Langues Orientales Vivantes (School of Living Oriental Languages), after which he moved to the Collège de France, where he further studied Chinese under the tutelage of Édouard Chavannes and began learning Sanskrit from Sylvain Lévi. He earned his Diplômé from the École des Langues Orientales Vivantes in 1919.

Output: b
Question: How old was the founder of Filmation when it was established? Passage:Givens followed most of the Warner Bros. staffers to new studio DePatie–Freleng Enterprises, while also working with Jones once more on the Tom and Jerry cartoons produced by Jones at Sib Tower 12 Productions. He continued his Looney Tunes association by working at the Warner Bros.-Seven Arts cartoon studio in the late 1960s, remaining with that studio until it shut down. Further spells at DePatie–Freleng and Hanna-Barbera followed during the 1970s, before working at the reformed Warner Bros. Animation studio on Friz Freleng's Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie (1981),  (1982) and Daffy Duck's Movie: Fantastic Island (1983). He then had spells at Filmation (whose founder, Lou Scheimer had actually worked under Givens when the two were freelancers in the 1950s) and Film Roman.

Output: b
Question: What country was Mirche Atsev born? Passage:Mirche Atsev was born in 1859 in the village of Oreovec in the Prilep district, then part of the Ottoman Empire. He was named after his father, Mirche Atsev, who was a well-known voyvoda. He schooled himself in Prilep and then he worked as a shepherd. After Turks murdered his father, he joined the Hayduk's band of Kone Pavlov in 1885. Houever, in the next year, he was arrested and imprisoned in Solun. After having escaped from the prison, Atsev moved to Bulgaria. During his stay in Sofia, he was accused of involvement in the murder of Stefan Stambolov, as a result of which he was imprisoned for three years in the Black Mosque, (now Sveti Sedmochislenitsi Church). In Sofia, together with his brothers Petar and Georgi, he joined the revolutionary activity of the IMARO against the Turkish authorities. In 1899, Atsev entered with a revolutionary band into Ottomn Macedonia, in the region of Nevrokop. Later, he was a voyvoda in the region in Prilep. In 1901, on the way to the village of Ulanci, in the Tikveš region, his band was chased and crushed by a Turkish military detachment. Mirche Atsev died in this battle.

Output: a
Question: When was the person that Pinus sabiniana was named after born? Passage:The scientific botanical name with the standard spelling sabiniana commemorates Joseph Sabine, secretary of the Horticultural Society of London. In botanical nomenclature it is no longer customary to Latinize species names (such as Sabine to sabinius and sabiniana) before forming Neo-Latin terms, so an orthographical correction was proposed from sabiniana to sabineana by some botanists. However the new spelling proposal has not been accepted by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Plant Data Center or the University of California's "The Jepson Manual". Nor has it been adopted into general use, with the spelling sabiniana used in the pine's endemic range by the University of California and state agencies, and in its home country's U.S. federal agencies. The USDA's Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database notes that the spelling sabiniana agrees with a provision in the Vienna Code of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, the governing body of botanical nomenclature. In that Code, Recommendation 60.2C states that personal names that are already in Latin or Greek, or those that have a well-established Latinized form can remain Latinized in species epithets, otherwise species epithets must be orthographically corrected to the proper form. The GRIN database notes that Sabine's last name is not correctable and therefore Pinus sabiniana is the proper name for the species.

Output: b
Question: Hisaishi composed three title songs in 1981 - which had the most sales? Passage:In 1985, he founded his own recording studio—the wonder station. Their collaboration has invited comparisons to the collaborations of Steven Spielberg and John Williams. This big break led to Hisaishi's overwhelming success as a composer of film scores. In 1986, , would be the first feature to appear under the Studio Ghibli banner, and its gentle, faintly melancholic tone would become a familiar trademark of much of the studio's later output. And later, in the 1990s, Porco Rosso and Princess Mononoke were released. As Hisaishi strengthened his reputation as one of the budding anime industry's top musical contributors, his compositions (including eight theatrical films and one OAV) would proceed to become some of the very hallmarks of early anime in the 1980s and 1990s. Hisaishi also composed for such TV and movie hits as Sasuga no Sarutobi, Two Down Full Base, Tonde Mon Pe and the anime Tekuno porisu 21C (all 1982), Sasuraiger (1983), Futari Taka (1984), (1985) and Oz no mahôtsukai (1986). He also scored the sci-fi adventure series Mospeada (1983), which was later reworked (without his music) into the third segment of Carl Macek's compilation, Robotech. Other films he scored included Mobile Suit Gundam Movie II: Soldiers of Sorrow (1981), Mobile Suit Gundam Movie III: Encounters in Space, (1982), Birth (Bâsu) (1984), Arion (1986), Robot Carnival (1987), Totoro (1988), Crest of the Royal Family and Maison Ikkoku – Apartment Fantasy (both 1988), Venus Wars (1989), Kiki's Delivery Service (1989), Porco Rosso (1992) and Ocean Heaven (2010). He also did theme song arrangements and composed other anime opening, closing, and insert title theme songs such as Mahō Shōjo Lalabel (1980), Hello! Sandybell (1981), Meiken Jolie (1981), Voltron (1981), Ai Shite Knight (1983), Creamy Mami, the Magic Angel: Curtain Call (1986), and  (1988).

Output: a
Question: How big is the place Wilson was born? Passage:Wilson was born near Creswick, Victoria. He worked variously as a blacksmith, wheelwright, and coachbuilder, living for periods in Melbourne and in Morwell. He served as president of the Victorian Coachbuilders' Union in 1901, and after moving to Western Australia in 1903 helped to re-establish a branch of the union there. At the 1904 state election, Wilson was elected to the seat of North Perth for the Labor Party, replacing George McWilliams. However, his time in parliament was short-lived, as he was defeated by James Brebber at the 1905 election. He later served on the North Perth Municipal Council from 1909 to 1914. In June 1919, Wilson contracted Spanish flu. He was placed into quarantine at Blackboy Hill, but died on the night of his arrival. Wilson had married Annie Andrew in 1887, with whom he had six children.

Output: b
Question: Which member of Miike Snow is the lead singer? Passage:"Black & Blue" was written by Miike Snow's three members, Christian Karlsson, Pontus Winnberg and Andrew Wyatt, in collaboration with Henrik Jonback and Juliet Richardson. Parts of the chorus were initially conceptualized by Karlsson and Winnberg, also known as Bloodshy & Avant, prior to forming the band in 2007. Karlsson told music website musicOMH, "It's the only song on the album that we had an idea before and we kind of saved [it], like we want this song for our own project. When we met Andrew [Wyatt] and we decided to start the band, it was only an idea, but we played it for Andrew and he really liked it." It was recorded at Robotberget, the band's own studio in Stockholm, Sweden. The band produced the track and then mixed it with Anders Hvenare. Columbia Records released "Black & Blue" as the album's second single on 15 October 2009 in Europe. The digital release includes the original version and remixes by Caspa, Jaymo & Andy George, Netsky, Savage Skulls and Tiga. In the United Kingdom, the iTunes Store version comes with the original track, remixes by Tiga and Caspa, and Mark Ronson's remix of the album's first single, "Animal". A 12" vinyl was released in the United Kingdom on 19 October 2009, featuring the aforementioned "Black & Blue" remixes, excluding Netsky's.

Output: a
Question: Which of the actors playing Qatermass and Paterson was younger? Passage:Actor Jason Flemyng was cast as Quatermass, with long-time Kneale admirer Mark Gatiss as Paterson, Andrew Tiernan as Carroon, Indira Varma as his wife Judith, David Tennant as Briscoe, Adrian Bower as Fullalove and Adrian Dunbar as Lomax—now a Ministry of Defence official rather than a policeman. Isla Blair was cast as Home Secretary Margaret Blaker, a combination of parts of Lomax's character and two officials from the original serial, and she brought to rehearsals a photograph of her husband Julian Glover on the set of the 1967 film version of Quatermass and the Pit. Blair stated that she was delighted to be joining "the Quatermass club".

Output: a
Question: How long had Benazir Bhutto been in power when explicitly supported Taliban forces in Afghanistan? Passage:After the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, the rivalry between Iran and Pakistan intensified. After 1989, both state's policies in Afghanistan became even more divergent as Pakistan, under Benazir Bhutto, explicitly supported Taliban forces in Afghanistan. This resulted in a major breach, with Iran becoming closer to India. Pakistan's support for the Sunni Taliban organisation in Afghanistan became a problem for Shia Iran which opposed a Taliban-controlled Afghanistan. The Pakistani backed Taliban fought the Iranian backed Northern Alliance in Afghanistan and gained control of 90 percent of that country. As noted by a Pakistani foreign service officer, it was difficult to maintain good relations with Israel, Saudi Arabia, the United States, and Iran at the same time, given Iran's long history of rivalry with these states. In 1995 Bhutto paid a lengthy state visit to Iran, which greatly relaxed relations. At a public meeting she spoke highly of Iran and Iranian society. However, increasing activity by Shia militants in Pakistan strained relations further. This was followed by the Taliban's capture of the city of Mazar-i-Sharif in 1998, in which thousands of Shias were massacred, according to Amnesty International. The most serious breach in relations came in 1998, after Iran accused Taliban Afghanistan of taking 11 Iranian diplomats, 35 Iranian truck drivers and an Iranian journalist hostage, and later killing them all. Iran massed over 300,000 troops on the Afghan border and threatened to attack the Taliban government, which it had never recognized. This strained relations with Pakistan, as the Taliban were seen as Pakistan's key allies. In May 1998, Iran criticised Pakistan for its nuclear testing in the Chagai region, and held Pakistan accountable for global "atomic proliferation". New Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif acknowledged his country's nuclear capability on 7 September 1997.

Output: b
Question: How many years after Hone was appointed Attorney General did the Spanish War end? Passage:In 1920 Hone left the army and joined the colonial service in Uganda. He trained as a barrister and on his first long leave was called to the bar by the Middle Temple in 1924, during which time he aided in the prosecution of Patrick Mahon, the perpetrator of the Crumbles murders. The next year he was appointed Zanzibar's registrar to the high court; followed by resident magistrate. His legal career continued with an appointment as crown counsel in Tanganyika, followed by Attorney General of Gibraltar (1933–36). While he was in Gibraltar the Spanish Civil War broke out; domestic duties included acting as chairman of the Gibraltar government slum clearance commission. From Gibraltar he was posted to Uganda from 1937 to 1943, as Attorney General of Uganda.

Output: b
Question: Did Bristol City continue as a club after the war? Passage:Meacock was born in Hoole, Cheshire. He played for local club Hoole & Newton, and was on the books of Chester and Blackpool, before joining Torquay United in 1931, where he made his debut in the Football League. He went on to play regular first-team football in the Third Division North for Tranmere Rovers, where he was part of the Tranmere side which reached the Welsh Cup final in 1934, and Lincoln City, for whom he made 116 appearances in all competitions. Meacock then moved to First Division club Birmingham as one of a number of players signed in 1938 to "boost the club's flagging fortunes". He played 14 games in all competitions, but left at the end of the 1938–39 season with the club relegated. He joined Bristol City, but the outbreak of the Second World War put an end to his professional career.

Output: b
Question: How old was Scotty Moore when Richards partnered with him for All the King's Men? Passage:In the 1990s and 2000s Richards continued to contribute to a wide range of musical projects as a guest artist. A few of the notable sessions he has done include guitar and vocals on Johnnie Johnson's 1991 release Johnnie B. Bad, which he also co-produced; and lead vocals and guitar on "Oh Lord, Don't Let Them Drop That Atomic Bomb on Me" on the 1992 Charles Mingus tribute album Weird Nightmare. He duetted with country legend George Jones on "Say It's Not You" on the Bradley Barn Sessions (1994); a second duet from the same sessions, "Burn Your Playhouse Down", appeared on Jones' 2008 release Burn Your Playhouse Down – The Unreleased Duets. He partnered with Levon Helm on "Deuce and a Quarter" for Scotty Moore's album All the King's Men (1997). His guitar and lead vocals are featured on the Hank Williams tribute album Timeless (2001) and on veteran blues guitarist Hubert Sumlin's album About Them Shoes (2005). Richards also added guitar and vocals to Toots & the Maytals' recording of "Careless Ethiopians" for their 2004 album True Love, which won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album. Additionally, in December 2007 Richards released a download-only Christmas single via iTunes of "Run Rudolph Run"; and the B-side was a 2003 recorded version of the famous reggae song "Pressure Drop" featuring Toots Hibbert singing with Richards backed by original Maytals band members Jackie Jackson and Paul Douglas.

Output: b
Question: How many were awarded the CB in 2008? Passage:Pocock joined the Royal Air Force in 1974. He served as Officer Commanding Support Wing at the joint RAF and Army base at Akrotiri before becoming briefing officer to the Chief of the Air Staff. He went on to be Group Captain in charge of the RAF estate in 1996, Air Commodore Plans at RAF Logistics Command in 1997 and Air Commodore Plans and Policy at RAF Personnel and Training Command in 1999. He became Officer responsible for Defence Pay & Allowances in 2000, Head of the Service Personnel Change Programme with promotion to air vice-marshal in January 2003 before serving as Defence Services Secretary and Assistant Chief of Defence Staff (Personnel and Reserves) from 2004 to 2005. He was promoted to air marshal in July 2005 and became Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Personnel) and retired in 2007. He was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 2008 New Year Honours.

Output: a
Question: How many casualties were there in the incident that made G.W. Scott and Sons relocate to Old Compton Street? Passage:G.W. Scott and Sons opened their first store in London, England, in 1661. Due to fire damage sustained during the Great Fire of London, they were forced to relocated their company to first Old Compton Street and then Charing Cross Road, in the central part of the city. The company is likely most well known as having developed the modern form of the picnic basket, which was unveiled in 1851 during the "Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations" held in Crystal Palace of Hyde Park, London, the first of many world fair exhibitions during the Victorian Era. They also achieved a measure of international fame when G.W. Scott and Sons created 30 foot tall sculptures decorating the mall parade route for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, in addition to making the cradles used by the monarchy. Besides making specialty items for the British Royal Family and their residences (including silver baskets for Buckingham Palace), the company was also contracted by the government during the Second World War to make campaign trunks and furniture for the Army, and double hampers for parachute drops by the Airborne Division of the Royal Air Force.

Output: b
Question: What was Luton Town's record the year that David Hibbert had his second starting appearance in which he scored two goals against them? Passage:Born in Eccleshall, Staffordshire, Hibbert started his career at League One Port Vale, rising through the ranks from the age nine years old. He made three starts and seven substitute appearances in first season with Vale; and his promising maiden season was restricted only by a head injury sustained at Milton Keynes Dons. His two goals for the club both came in his second starting appearance in a 3–1 win over Luton Town on 26 February 2005. In June 2005 Championship side Preston North End signed him to a contract. As Hibbert was under the age of 23, the fee was decided by a tribunal according to UEFA regulations. Preston were ordered to pay Port Vale £35,000 up front with add ons of £10,000 for each 10 of his first 50 appearances for Preston (Vale would only receive the first of these due to him only making 13 appearances in total for Preston); a £280,000 bonus if Preston achieved promotion to the Premiership; plus a 25% sell-on clause if Hibbert was sold on. Vale chairman Bill Bratt was highly disappointed with the news and stated: "I believe he has potential, and he is worth a lot more than we have ended up with." Meanwhile, Preston manager Billy Davies stated that: "We are very fortunate to get this young lad because there were several clubs interested. We think his finishing is very good and – like David Nugent – he is very quick, but to be honest I think he is quite a way from first-team action."

Output: b
Question: How long did the Egyptian revolution of 2011 take place? Passage:Following the Egyptian revolution of 2011 as part of the regional Arab Spring protests, Mubarak was ousted and the following year Mohamed Morsi who is backed by the Muslim Brotherhood won Egypt's first democractic elections. In 2013 Morsi was removed from power in a coup led by Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. Sisi has called for religious tolerance and has cracked down and banned the Muslim Brotherhood. He has closed thousands of mosques and has banned 'burkinis' on some beaches. A The Economist report in 2017 stated that Egyptians were turning more secular again, with supporters of sharia law dropping by more than half since 2011, people praying less than before, and gender equality now being widely accepted. The government has also acted to preserve its Jewish heritage through the restoration of the abandoned Eliyahu Hanavi Synagogue in Alexandria in 2017.

Output: b
Question: What country is Gunzenhausen in? Passage:Neuser was born in Gunzenhausen and was a popular pastor and theologian in Heidelberg in the 1560s, serving at the Peterskirche and later the Heiliggeistkirche. During the controversy over church discipline that developed in the late 1560s, Neuser became a leading member of the Antidisciplinist, and thus anti-Calvinist, faction led by Thomas Erastus. His disaffection with the ecclesiastical regime perhaps played some role in his doubts concerning orthodox Christian dogma. He wrote letters sternly attacking the doctrine of the trinity. He wrote to the Ottoman Sultan assuring Sultan that he would receive support in Germany if his conquests push him that far. Neuser along with another Antitrinitarian, Johann Sylvan, sought to dialog with the Turks. Neuser was accused of denying divinity to Jesus Christ and was consequently imprisoned. His associate, Johann Sylvan, was tortured and beheaded. Neuser confessed but managed to break out of prison. He later converted to Islam and traveled to Istanbul where he served the Ottoman Sultan.

Output: b
Question: Who were the top players on the team that PAOK defeated in the semi-final in the 1971 - 72 Greek Cup? Passage:The first domestic title PAOK won, was the 1971–72 Greek Cup. PAOK eliminated Pierikos, Aias Salamina, local rivals Aris in the quarter-finals with a 2–1 victory at Kleanthis Vikelidis Stadium and progressed to the final with their semi-final victory over Lamia. This time PAOK would face league champions Panathinaikos who also reached the 1971 European Cup Final. The final was played once again in Athens at Georgios Karaiskakis Stadium. PAOK players had 10,000 fans on their side and they vowed that it was about time to return with the trophy at Thessaloniki. It was the sixth final for the Double-Headed Eagle of the North and the fifth time that they traveled to Athens for the trophy match. PAOK won the game 2–1 with Koudas scoring both goals. In the second half, a magnificent bicycle kick of Matzourakis found the net, but the goal was surprisingly disallowed by referee Michas. PAOK triumph and 1st Greek Cup title was widely celebrated by the fans at Thessaloniki.

Output: b
Question: In which city did Miner go to college to receive her bachelor's degree? Passage:Dorothy Eugenia Miner was born in New York City, New York, on 4 November 1904. She attended the Horace Mann School before she enrolled in Barnard College in 1922, receiving her bachelor's degree four years later. Miner became the first Barnard International Fellow and studied at the Bedford College of the University of London. She studied medieval manuscript illumination with Meyer Schapiro at Columbia University in 1928–29 and received a fellowship to continue working on her dissertation on a Carolingian Apocalypse manuscript the following year. Miner was hired by the Pierpont Morgan Library to prepare an exhibition of illuminated manuscripts in 1933–34 and the director of the library, Belle da Costa Greene, recommended her for the position of keeper of manuscripts at the Walters Art Gallery, in Baltimore, Maryland. She got the job and became of the first professionally trained art historians working in an American museum. She was also curator of Islamic and Near Eastern Art as well as the head of the reference library for several years. From 1938 to 1969 Miner edited the Journal of the Walter Gallery and many catalogues published by the museum. She died of cancer in Baltimore in May 1973.

Output: b
Question: How old was Beloff's husband when he died? Passage:Anne Beloff was born in 1921 in Hampstead to Simon Beloff and Marie Katzin. Her parents were of Russian–Jewish background, and her siblings included the historian Max Beloff, Baron Beloff, the psychologist John Beloff, the journalist Nora Beloff, and the politician Renee Soskin. She earned a degree in chemistry from University College London in 1942 before completing a PhD in the biochemistry of skin burns with Rudolph Peters at the University of Oxford. She visited Harvard Medical School in 1946 to perform research and returned to the UK in 1948. In the same year she married Ernst Boris Chain, a biochemist who had won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945, and moved with him to Rome.

Output: b
Question: Was Justin Wilson a professional race car driver the year McGarrity won the Formula Ford Festival? Passage:McGarrity won the Formula Ford Festival in 1995 after finishing second in the British Formula Ford series. He was nominated for the McLaren Autosport BRDC Award but it went to fellow Northern Ireland driver Jonny Kane. In 1996 he drove in Formula Opel and the following year he drove in the British Formula Three Championship where he finished 10th. In 1998 he moved up to Formula 3000 where he competed in the first five races for Raceprep Motorsport and rounds 7 through 9 for Nordic Racing. He competed full-time in 1999 for Nordic Racing and finished 10th in points despite only finishing in the points once, finishing on the podium in second in the season opener at Imola. He returned to the team and series in 2000, this time with teammate Justin Wilson. He finished 20th in points with a best finish of 4th at Monaco. In 2001 he left formula cars for sports car racing and drove in the 2001 24 Hours of Le Mans for the MG factory team, but the car failed to finish. He drove the same car in 2002 but the result was the same. He returned to the race in 2004 driving a Bioethanol powered Reynard-Judd for Team Nasamax, finishing the race 17th overall. He drove part-time in the Le Mans Series in 2006. He then joined McLaren Automotive as full-time test driver for the new McLaren car project the MP4-12C from the start of the project.

Output: b
Question: Did South Australia or Tasmania record more wins the year Chappell made his first-class debut? Passage:Chappell grew up in the beachside suburb of Glenelg and attended the local St Leonard's Primary School where he played his first competitive match at the age of seven. He was later selected for the South Australian state schoolboys team. He then enrolled at Prince Alfred College, a private secondary school noted for producing many Test cricketers, including the Australian captains Joe Darling and Clem Hill. His other sporting pursuits included Australian football and baseball: Chappell's performances for South Australia in the Claxton Shield won him All-Australian selection in 1964 and 1966 as a catcher. He credits Vic Richardson, who had represented both SA and Australia in baseball during the 1920s, for his love of the sport. At the age of 18, his form in grade cricket for Glenelg led to his first-class debut for South Australia (SA) against Tasmania in early 1962.

Output: a
Question: How many films has the actor who Lee played the mother to in Along Came Polly appear in? Passage:After Knots Landing ended in 1993, Lee has appeared in many made-for-TV movies, including a biopic of late country star Dottie West () and she became the first woman to star in, direct, and produce a TV movie for Lifetime, Color Me Perfect (1996). She also starred in the reunion miniseries  (1997), and portrayed novelist Jacqueline Susann in the television biopic Scandalous Me: The Jacqueline Susann Story (1998). In 2000, she returned to the Broadway stage in The Tale of the Allergist's Wife and received a 2001 Tony Award nomination for Best Featured Actress in a Play. In 2004, she returned to feature films in the role of Ben Stiller's character's mother in Along Came Polly. She guest-starred alongside Chita Rivera in a February 2005 episode of Will & Grace. Also in 2005, she reunited with her Knots Landing co-stars for the nonfiction special , in which the stars reminisced about their time on the hit series. Also in 2005, she appeared alongside Tyne Daly, Leslie Uggams, Christine Baranski and Karen Ziemba for the Kennedy Center Honor of Julie Harris. In 2010, Lee did voice work for an episode of the animated comedy series Family Guy. She returned to Broadway in 2015 to star as Madame Morrible in the musical Wicked.

Output: b
Question: Which races did Compton finish in the top 5 during his rookie year? Passage:In 1997, Compton signed up with a new team, Impact Motorsports, to run the No. 86 Ford F-150 for the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Rookie of the Year Award. During his initial Truck Series season, Compton had three Top 5 finishes and a 13th-place finish in points, but fell well short of the top rookie award. For the 1998 season, in the third race of the season held at Phoenix International Raceway, Compton won his first career pole position, and finished in third in the race. The next week at Portland Speedway, he led all but two laps and won his first career Truck Series race. He got another win later that season at Heartland Park Topeka. He finished seventh in the final points standings and was named the Most Popular Driver. Compton had high hopes for 1999 season as Impact switched to Dodge Rams and getting a teammate in Randy Tolsma, but he failed to go to victory lane that season, although he did finish fourth in the points. Late that season, Compton began competing in some Winston Cup races for Melling Racing. Soon afterwards, Melling announced that Compton would driver theirNo. 9 Ford Taurus in the Winston Cup Series in 2000 season.

Output: a
Question: Out of the companies co-founded by Ray King, are any still in business? Passage:Raymond "Ray" King (born 1964) is an American entrepreneur and co-founder of multiple companies including AboutUs.org and Top Level Design. He began his career by creating The Computer Workshop with a group of friends which offered computing classes at Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan. This venture earned him $60,000, enough to cover tuition at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for one year. King studied computer science there until he left in 1984 to start Semaphore Inc. which sold accounting and project management software, that he had begun developing in college, to architecture and engineering firms. He founded SnapNames, which specialized in "snapping up" expired domain names, in 2000 after relocating to Portland, Oregon. King left the company in 2005 and founded the wiki Internet domain directory AboutUs.org in 2006. He served as chief executive officer until stepping down in 2013. In 2012, he and his brother-in-law founded the registry Top Level Design, which manages the new top-level domains .design, .ink, and .wiki. King and his wife have one daughter and reside in the Portland metropolitan area.

Output: a
Question: When did the Tokyo Kaisei school change it's name? Passage:The Japanese exhibition at the fair was the product of years of preparation. The empire had received its invitation in 1871, close on the heels of the Meiji Restoration, and a government bureau was established to produce an appropriate response. Shigenobu Okuma, Tsunetami Sano, and its other officials were keen to use the event to raise the international standing of Japanese manufactures and boost exports. 24 engineers were also sent with its delegation to study cutting-edge Western engineering at the fair for use in Japanese industry. Art and cultural relics at the exhibit were verified by the Jinshin Survey, a months-long inspection tour of various imperial, noble, and temple holdings around the country. The most important products of each province were listed and two specimens of each were collected, one for display in Vienna and the other for preservation and display within Japan. Large-scale preparatory exhibitions with this second set of objects were conducted within Japan at the Tokyo Kaisei School (today the University of Tokyo) in 1871 and at the capital's Confucian Temple in 1872; they eventually formed the core collection of the institution that became the Tokyo National Museum. 

Output: b
Question: How long had Fuji TV been in operation when the station began airing The New Adventures of Pinocchio? Passage:The New Adventures of Pinocchio is a syndicated stop motion animated television series produced by Rankin/Bass Productions in the United States and made by Dentsu Studios in Japan. Created by Arthur Rankin, Jr. and his partner Jules Bass, it was based on the book The Adventures of Pinocchio written by Italian author, Carlo Collodi. The series was Rankin/Bass' first production to be made in "Animagic", a stop motion puppet technique which, in association with the company, was done by Tadahito Mochinaga's MOM Productions (before Mochinaga leaves for China after the finished animation for Mad Monster Party?). A total of 130 five-minute "chapters" were produced in 1960–61. These segments made up a series of five-chapter, 25-minute episodes. During 1963–64, the series was also aired in Japan on Fuji TV as part of another stop motion TV series, Prince Ciscorn (シスコン王子, lit. Ciscorn Ōji), based on the manga by Fujiko Fujio and also produced by Tadahito Mochinaga for Studio KAI and Dentsu.

Output: b
Question: Did Louis XIV's cousin have any siblings? Passage:After Louis XIV's marriage to Maria Theresa of Spain on 9 June 1660, Queen Anne turned her attention to the marriage of Philippe. He had previously been encouraged to court his older cousin the Duchess of Montpensier, eldest daughter of Gaston and his first wife Marie de Bourbon. Known as Mademoiselle at this time, she had an immense private fortune and had previously rejected suitors such as Charles II of England. Born in 1627, she was the sole heiress of her mother who died in childbirth. Mademoiselle declined the union, complaining that Philippe always stayed near his mother as if he was "like a child". Mademoiselle instead remained unmarried. Philippe would marry instead another first cousin, Princess Henrietta of England, youngest child of King Charles I of England and his wife Queen Henrietta Maria, who was Philippe's aunt and had taken refuge at the court of France after the birth of Princess Henrietta in 1644. They lived at the Palais Royal and at the Palais du Louvre. In 1660, after the restoration of the House of Stuart to the throne of England under her brother Charles II, Princess Henrietta returned to England to visit her sister, the Princess of Orange, who later caught smallpox and died. The French court officially asked for Henrietta's hand on behalf of Philippe on 22 November 1660 while she was in England. The couple signed their marriage contract at the Palais Royal on 30 March 1661. The ceremony took place the next day in the same building in front of select members of the court. The dowry promised was a huge 840,000 livres. Known as Henriette d'Angleterre in France, and Minette to her intimates, she was known officially as Madame and was ever popular with the court. Court gossip later said that the king was the father of Henrietta's first child. Henrietta's very open flirting is said to have caused a jealous Philippe to retaliate by beginning to flaunt his sexuality openly in a less than accepting era.

Output: b
Question: How old was Kennedy when he was assassinated? Passage:1964 is a documentary film produced by Insignia Films for the American Experience series about political, social and cultural events in the United States for the calendar year 1964. It is based partly on Jon Margolis book The Last Innocent Year: America in 1964. The documentary depicts the year 1964 as significant and epic in that following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in late 1963, 1964, as a presidential election year, becomes a departure point for American history, with lasting effects today. It is also the year of the British Invasion led by the Beatles, when Cassius Clay fights Sonny Liston for the World Heavyweight Championship, the year after Betty Friedan's book, The Feminine Mystique, is published, and the year Republican activist, Phyllis Schlafly's book, A Choice, Not an Echo, is published. It is also the year of Freedom Summer, an initiative by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee to register African-Americans in Mississippi, the subsequent murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner, three CORE activists, in Mississippi by white supremacists that created a national sensation, and the Harlem riot of 1964, culminating in the Berkeley Free Speech Movement at the University of California at Berkeley. A recurrent theme of the film is its departure as a presidential election year, with President Lyndon B. Johnson running as the expected Democratic Party nominee and the nomination of U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater selected through a grassroots campaign for the Republican nomination for President of the United States, that defines the future divisions of the US political party competition.

Output: b
Question: Did "Don't Let Me Down" win any awards? Passage:Hardesty's solo recordings began in 1957; the first two, organized by the guitarist Mickey Baker, were never released are not known to exist. Twelve songs were recorded on January 15, 1958, at Cosimo Matassa's studio in New Orleans for Wing Records, a subsidiary of Mercury Records, but were never released until the 2012 CD The Domino Effect was issued worldwide by Ace Records (United Kingdom). The first time that Hardesty's name appeared on a single was with the Canadian vocal quartet the Diamonds, "Don't Let Me Down" (also known as "Chick-Lets"), which was recorded on March 4, 1958, and released the following month as Mercury 71291. In 1959, Hardesty recorded four tracks in New York City with Hank Jones. Two were released as a single on Paoli, the only release from this label; they were also released shortly after by Mutual, both labels having connections to Philadelphia. The Mutual release was listed on Philadelphia radio station WIBG's Future Forty chart for November 2, 1959, but did not chart elsewhere. The four tracks were purchased by King Records in 1961 and were re-released as two 45s by Federal Records in April and June 1961. Hardesty recorded four more songs in October 1961, which were released in 1962 by Federal; two are not instrumentals and had vocals by the New Orleans guitarist Walter "Papoose" Nelson. Hardesty co-wrote the title track of Fats Domino's 1964 album, Fats on Fire.

Output: b
Question: Which Tasmanian player who scored over 1000 runs beside Ricky Ponting was born first? Passage:Tasmania is an Australian state, it has produced cricketers that have represented Australia in all forms of the game—Tests, One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is). The first Tasmanian to play for Australia was Sam Morris, who took part in the 2nd Test of the 1884/85 Ashes series, his only Test appearance. Ricky Ponting is the only Tasmanian to have captained Australia in all three formats, while George Bailey has done so in T20 and ODI matches and Tim Paine captained Tests. Ponting captained Australia more times in ODIs than any other player. Ponting scored more runs than any Australian in Tests and ODIs, the only other Tasmanians to score over 1,000 runs in either format of the game are Matthew Wade, George Bailey and David Boon. Max Walker is the only Tasmanian to have taken over 100 Test wickets for Australia.

Output: a
Question: How many years after Nathaniel Treat's descendant passed away did Nathaniel marry Mary Parker? Passage:Treat was born in Frankfort, Maine on December 29, 1798. He was a descendant of Robert Treat. In 1823, Treat married Mary P. Parker. They had ten children, including Joseph B. Treat, who became a member of the Wisconsin State Senate and chairman of the Republican State Central Committee. Treat built sawmills, served as a bank president, and became involved in the lumber industry. His former home in Orono, Maine, now known as the Nathaniel Treat House, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1870, Treat moved to Monroe, Wisconsin, where he died on February 4, 1894. His grandson, Charles Treat, became a major general in the United States Army. Treat and his family were Universalists.

Output: b
Question: How many championships were won by the team Chamakh made his debut on 12 February 2003 in a friendly match against?  Passage:Chamakh is a Moroccan international at the senior level. Prior to representing Morocco, he played for the under-19 team of France and made his debut on 12 February 2003 in a friendly match against the Czech Republic. That was his only appearance with the team. Chamakh was then selected within the French squad for the 2003 UEFA European Under-19 Championship, but declined the offer after being called up by Moroccan national team coach Badou Zaki for the team's 2004 African Cup of Nations qualification matches against Sierra Leone and Gabon. On 7 June 2003, he made his debut with the team in the match against Sierra Leone. On 10 September 2003, Chamakh scored both goals, which included his first international goal, in a 2–0 victory over Trinidad and Tobago. He participated in the rest of the qualification matches and was later named to participate in the tournament. Chamakh scored two goals in the competition; one against Benin in the group stage and another in the quarter-finals against Algeria. Morocco beat Mali in the semi-finals to reach the final where they faced Tunisia. In the match, Chamakh played the entire contest as Morocco were defeated 2–1 at the Stade 7 Novembre in Tunis.

Output: b
Question: Which election did Stevens get the most votes in as premier? Passage:Stevens grew up in Sydney and was an accountant and public servant before entering politics. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly at the 1927 state election, as a member of the Nationalist Party. In 1929, he was appointed state treasurer under Thomas Bavin, serving until his party lost the 1930 election. In 1932, Stevens was elected as the inaugural leader of the state branch of the UAP. He became premier later that year, following the dismissal of Labor's Jack Lang, and subsequently led his party to victory at the 1932, 1935, and 1938 elections. Stevens was ousted in 1939 and replaced by Alexander Mair. He made an abortive attempt to enter federal politics at the 1940 election, and thereafter played little part in public life.

Output: a
Question: What was the population of the town Donald Trump's mother was from? Passage:Fred Trump was one of the biggest real estate developers in New York. Using their inheritance, Fred and his mother Elizabeth founded E. Trump & Son. Fred married Mary MacLeod (1912–2000), a native of Tong, a small village near Stornoway, in the Western Isles of Scotland. She was the daughter of fisherman Malcolm MacLeod and Mary MacLeod (née Smith). At age 17, she immigrated to the United States and started working as a maid in New York. Fred and Mary met in New York and married in 1936, settling together in Queens. Mary became a U.S. citizen in 1942. Fred was the father of the businessman Donald Trump, who became president of the real estate company in 1971, and renamed it the Trump Organization. Donald Trump has said that he is "proud" of his German heritage, having served as grand marshal of the 1999 German-American Steuben Parade in New York City. While walking through the city and seeing Trump Tower, Donald Trump recalled saying: "This is a long way from Kallstadt."

Output: b