Question: What is the birthplace of the man who suggested in 1893 that the Moon's craters were formed by large asteroid impacts? Passage 1:In the fall of 1777 forces of the British Army successfully captured Philadelphia, the seat of the Second Continental Congress, which was forced to relocate to York, Pennsylvania. The series of military setbacks (principally the losses at Brandywine in September and Germantown in October) caused many in the Continental Army and Congress to question George Washington's leadership of the war effort. In contrast, the northern army of General Horatio Gates had won a signal victory over John Burgoyne's forces, compelling Burgoyne to surrender his entire army after the Battles of Saratoga. Gates controversially claimed credit for the victory. Some historians feel that this was more due to the actions of Benedict Arnold, who, in the first battle on September 19, effectively and almost independently defended his forces against British assaults. It was also alleged that Gates had failed to provide Arnold with adequate reinforcements which would have turned the battle into an outright American victory, although there is not universal agreement on this matter. Gates was politically well connected to Congress. Some congressmen such as Richard Henry Lee, John Adams, and Samuel Adams wanted tighter Congressional control of the war effort and supported Gates. Although John Adams did not specifically call for Washington to be replaced, he worried that Washington was being made into a military idol, and was fearful of the effects of this upon republicanism. 
 Passage 2:After missing the first several months of the season, Stojanović returned to court in April 2019 and as a qualifier reached her second career WTA quarterfinal in May in Nürnberg. She defeated fourth seed and world No. 53 Alison Riske, who was a defending finalist, and world No. 72 Sara Sorribes Tormo, before losing to Sorana Cîrstea. In July, she reached another quarterfinal as a qualifier at the Baltic Open, where she was stopped by Bernarda Pera after defeating fourth seed and world No. 42 Aliaksandra Sasnovich and fellow qualifier Paula Ormaechea in the main draw. She was even better in the doubles competition, winning her first WTA title partnered with Sharon Fichman. In October, she won $80,000 ITF Women's Circuit Internationaux Féminins de la Vienne tournament by defeating Liudmila Samsonova in straight sets.
 Passage 3:Grove Karl Gilbert suggested in 1893 that the Moon's craters were formed by large asteroid impacts. Ralph Baldwin in 1949 wrote that the Moon's craters were mostly of impact origin. Around 1960, Gene Shoemaker revived the idea. According to David H. Levy, Gene "saw the craters on the Moon as logical impact sites that were formed not gradually, in eons, but explosively, in seconds." For his Ph.D. degree at Princeton (1960), under the guidance of Harry Hammond Hess, Shoemaker studied the impact dynamics of Barringer Meteor Crater. Shoemaker noted Meteor Crater had the same form and structure as two explosion craters created from atomic bomb tests at the Nevada Test Site, notably Jangle U in 1951 and Teapot Ess in 1955. In 1960, Edward C. T. Chao and Shoemaker identified (coesite) at Meteor Crater, proving the crater was formed from an impact generating extremely high temperatures and pressures. They followed this discovery with the identification of coesite within suevite at Nördlinger Ries, proving its impact origin.

Output: 3