Context_1 : Rahel Varnhagen: The Life of a Jewess is a book-length biography of Rahel Varnhagen written by political philosopher Hannah Arendt, first published in 1959. It was translated from German to English in 1957, French in 1986, and Spanish in 2000. A revised edition in 1974 used the subtitle "The Life of a Jewish Woman". A later biography of the subject by Heidi Thomann Tewarson (2001) distanced itself from Arendt's work, which its author considered too critical of Varnhagen. Context_2 : Pickard grew up in the working-class suburbs of Cowgate, Newcastle upon Tyne, and Blakelaw and left school at the age of fourteen. Three years later he met Basil Bunting and was instrumental in the older poet's return to writing in the early 1960s, leading to the latter's most acclaimed poem, the long, autobiographical "Briggflatts", published in 1966. The association also produced Bunting's scathing "What the Chairman told Tom" ("I want to wash when I meet a poet... my twelve-year-old can do it - AND rhyme!") Context_3 : Jewish Cultural Reconstruction, Inc. (JCR) was an organization established in 1947 to collect and distribute heirless Jewish property in the American occupied zone of Germany after World War II. Shortly after its founding, it became the cultural arm of the Jewish Restitution Successor Organization (JRSO). About 150,000 heirless items (mostly books from the Offenbach Archival Depot whose owners could not be identified) were distributed by the JCR to libraries in the United States and abroad, among others to the library of the Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich (ICZ) in Switzerland.Hannah Arendt, then managing director of the Jewish Cultural Reconstruction, Inc., handed over parts of the library of the Breslau Rabbinical Seminary in Germany which was suppressed by the Nazis in 1938. The oldest books of the Breslau collection date back to the 16th century, among them a 1595 print of Flavius Josephus' "Antiquities of the Jews". Funding for the JCR's operations was provided by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee and the Jewish Agency for Palestine. Among the leaders and officers of the organization were Salo Baron, Hannah Arendt, Leo Baeck, and Gershom Scholem. The JCR ceased operations in 1952. Context_4 : Johanna "Hannah" Arendt ( or ; ] ; 14 October 1906 – 4 December 1975) was a German-born American political theorist. Her 18 books and numerous articles, ranging from works on totalitarianism to thinking and judging, greatly influence political philosophy to this day. Arendt is widely considered one of the most important thinkers of the twentieth century. Context_5 : Basil Cheesman Bunting (1 March 1900 – 17 April 1985) was a significant British modernist poet whose reputation was established with the publication of "Briggflatts" in 1966. He had a lifelong interest in music that led him to emphasise the sonic qualities of poetry, particularly the importance of reading poetry aloud. He was an accomplished reader of his own work. Context_6 : Briggflatts is a long poem by Basil Bunting published in 1966. The work is subtitled "An Autobiography." The title "Briggflatts" comes from the name of Brigflatts Meeting House (spelled with one "g" in Quaker circles) in a Quaker Friends meeting house near Sedbergh in Cumbria, England. Bunting visited Brigflatts as a schoolboy when the family of one of his schoolfriends lived there, and it was at this time that he developed a strong attachment to his friend's sister, Peggy Greenbank, to whom the poem is dedicated. It was first read in public on 22 December 1965 at the Morden Tower, and published in 1966 by Fulcrum Press. Bunting also wrote another poem with "Briggflatts" in its title, the short work "At Briggflatts meetinghouse" (1975). Context_7 : Hannah Arendt is a 2012 German-Luxembourgish-French biographical drama film directed by Margarethe von Trotta and starring Barbara Sukowa. The film centers in the life of German-Jewish philosopher and political theorist Hannah Arendt. It is distributed by Zeitgeist Films in the United States, where it opened theatrically on 29 May 2013. Context_8 : On Revolution is a 1963 book by American Jewish political theorist Hannah Arendt. Arendt presents a comparison of two of the main revolutions of the eighteenth century, the American and French Revolutions. She goes against a common view of both Marxist and leftist views when she argues that France, while well studied and often emulated, was a disaster and that the largely ignored American Revolution was a success. The turning point in the French Revolution occurred when the leaders rejected their goals of freedom in order to focus on compassion for the masses. In America, on the other hand, the Founding Fathers never betrayed the goal of "Constitutio Libertatis". However, Arendt believes the revolutionary spirit of those men had been lost, and advocates a “council system” as an appropriate institution to regain that spirit. Context_9 : The Hannah Arendt Prize for Political Thought (German: Hannah-Arendt-Preis für politisches Denken) is a prize awarded to individuals representing the tradition of political theorist Hannah Arendt, especially in regard to totalitarianism. It was instituted by the German Heinrich Böll Foundation (affiliated with the Alliance '90/The Greens) and the government of Bremen in 1995, and is awarded by an international jury. Context_10 : Elisabeth Young-Bruehl (March 3, 1946 – December 1, 2011), born Elisabeth Bulkley Young, was an American academic and psychotherapist, who from 2007 until her death resided in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. She published a wide range of books, most notably biographies of Hannah Arendt and Anna Freud. Her 1982 biography of Hannah Arendt won the first Harcourt Award while "The Anatomy of Prejudices" won the Association of American Publishers' prize for Best Book in Psychology in 1996. She was a member of the Toronto Psychoanalytic Society and co-founder of Caversham Productions, a company that makes psychoanalytic educational materials. fact_1 : Basil Cheesman Bunting (1 March 1900 – 17 April 1985) was a significant British modernist poet whose reputation was established with the publication of "Briggflatts" in 1966. fact_2 : Johanna "Hannah" Arendt ( or ; ] ; 14 October 1906 – 4 December 1975) was a German-born American political theorist. Answer: Basil Cheesman Bunting
Output: Was Basil Bunting or Hannah Arendt born first?