Context_1 : Walter Hugh McDougall (February 10, 1858 – March 6, 1938) was an American cartoonist. He produced some of the earliest full color newspaper comic strips, and was one of the first producers of regular political cartoons in American daily papers. His satirical cartoons, published in outlets such as the "New York World" and "The North American", were influential in the 1884 U.S. presidential election, and soon after political cartoons became a fixture in American papers. He also drew children's comic strips, including "Queer Visitors from the Marvelous Land of Oz" written by L. Frank Baum, and has been called the first syndicated cartoonist for his contributions to the weekly columns of humorist Bill Nye. His books include "The Hidden City" (1891) and "The Rambillicus Book" (1903). Context_2 : Frontline is a fortnightly English language magazine published by The Hindu Group of publications from Chennai, India. R Vijaya Sankar is the editor-in-chief of the magazine. As a current affairs magazine, it covers domestic and International news. "Frontline" gives a prominent place to various issues of development and hindrances in the Indian states. Apart from topics of politics and political economy, it also covers a wide range of topics including Arts, books, cinema, Science and English language. Context_3 : The Phoenix is an Irish political and current affairs magazine established in 1983. Inspired by the British magazine "Private Eye" it was edited for thirty years by Paddy Prendeville. The publication is generally fortnightly, with a larger annual issue each December. Context_4 : Battle for Britain was a comic strip cartoon published in the fortnightly satirical magazine "Private Eye" in the United Kingdom during the 1980s. It depicted Margaret Thatcher's second term of office as Prime Minister but with the politicians shown as British soldiers or Nazi officials, as in a World War II war comic. The strip was attributed to Monty Stubble, which was a nom de plume of editor Ian Hislop, and to his artistic collaborator Nick Newman. Context_5 : "Private Eye", the British fortnightly satirical magazine, has produced various comedic audio recordings since its founding in 1961. Context_6 : The Chaser was a fortnightly satirical newspaper, published in Australia from 1999 to 2005. The masthead continued as a digital publication from 2005, as well as a short-lived app for the Apple iPad in 2010, before resuming print publication as a quarterly journal in 2015. The paper is best known for lending its name to the Australian comedy troupe The Chaser, made up of former contributors to the paper, who have gone on to produce a wide range of media under the Chaser brand. Context_7 : Private Eye is a British fortnightly satirical and current affairs news magazine, founded in 1961. It is published in London and has been edited by Ian Hislop since 1986. Context_8 : St Albion Parish News was a regular feature in the British satirical magazine "Private Eye" during the premiership of Tony Blair. It was in the "Private Eye" tradition of featuring a fortnightly column lampooning the Prime Minister of the day and their close associates, seemingly written in a gossipy style by an insider. This has taken either of two broad formats. "Mrs Wilson's Diary" and "Dear Bill" were supposedly the observations of spouses Mary Wilson and Denis Thatcher respectively. "Heathco - A Message from the Managing Director" was a motivational newsletter sent to staff of a small company from the boss (Edward Heath, nicknamed "Grocer"), and "St Albion Parish News" was in this broad style. Context_9 : James Whitworth is a nationally syndicated cartoonist and writer. His daily news cartoons appear in papers across the UK from Scotland to the south of England, including the "Sheffield Star" and the Edinburgh Evening Post. He draws a weekly news cartoon for the "Sheffield Telegraph" and the "Jewish Chronicle" as well contributing to "The Author" and "Hi-Fi News". He has contributed cartoons to a wide range of publications including "Private Eye" (for whom he has also written gags), Prospect' and "The Independent". Context_10 : Astro Awani is the in-house rolling television news and current affairs channel providing 24-hour news coverage including news in Malay. With its slogan and motto tagline names News that transcends Dimensions (Malay: Berita Segenap Dimensi ), Astro Awani presents news and informative programs including current affairs, lifestyle, documentaries, interview programs and a local and international magazine. Astro Awani started broadcasting on 6 September 2007 as part of the revamp of Astro's news division. The station is targeted at Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia. Currently, the channel has numerous bases each with their own correspondents, and can also call upon a wide range of resources and global bureaux provided by the Malaysian government such as reporters from Bernama. fact_1 :  He has contributed cartoons to a wide range of publications including "Private Eye" (for whom he has also written gags), Prospect' and "The Independent". fact_2 : Private Eye is a British fortnightly satirical and current affairs news magazine, founded in 1961. Answer: 1961
Output: James Whitworth is a nationally syndicated cartoonist and writer, he has contributed cartoons to a wide range of publications including Private Eye, a British fortnightly satirical, and current affairs news magazine, founded in what year, for whom he has also written gags?