Context_1 : The Civil Rights Act of 1968, (Pub.L. 90–284 , 82 Stat. 73 , enacted  11, 1968 ), also known as the Fair Housing Act, is a landmark part of legislation in the United States that provided for equal housing opportunities regardless of race, religion, or national origin and made it a federal crime to “by force or by threat of force, injure, intimidate, or interfere with anyone … by reason of their race, color, religion, or national origin.” The Act was signed into law during the King assassination riots by President Lyndon B. Johnson, who had previously signed the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act into law. Context_2 : Charter Communications is an American telecommunications company, which offers its services to consumers and businesses under the branding of Spectrum. Providing services to over 26 million customers in 41 states, it is the second-largest cable operator in the United States by subscribers, just behind Comcast, and third largest pay TV operator behind Comcast and AT&T U-verse/DirecTV. It is the fifth largest telephone provider based upon residential subscriber line count. Context_3 : David K. Lam is a Chinese-born American technology entrepreneur. He founded Lam Research Corporation in 1980. He presently serves as Chairman of Multibeam Corporation (Santa Clara, CA), which manufactures complementary electron beam lithography (CEBL) systems. He also heads the David Lam Group, an investor and business advisor for high-growth technology companies. Context_4 : Bresnan Communications was an American cable television provider formed by William Bresnan in 1984. It originally operated cable systems on Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Over the next fourteen years, its operations spread to Minnesota Wisconsin, Mississippi and Georgia. In 1994, the company added international operations in Chile and Poland, with the creation of Bresnan International Partners. The company reached 400,000 subscribers after purchasing systems from TCI. When AT&T acquired TCI, Bresnan began to consider an IPO. Before that could occur, Paul Allen's Charter Communications made an offer, and purchased Bresnan's U.S. cable systems for $3.1 billion, organizing them under Charter Communications' umbrella. Context_5 : Spectrum is a brand of Charter Communications used to market consumer cable television, internet, and telephone provided by the company, and formerly provided by Time Warner Cable, which Charter Communications acquired in May 2016. Context_6 : Multibeam is an American corporation that engages in the design of semiconductor processing equipment used in the fabrication of integrated circuits. Based in Santa Clara, in the Silicon Valley, Multibeam is led by Dr. David K. Lam, the founder and first CEO of Lam Research. Context_7 : Bay News 9 (also officially known as Spectrum News Bay News 9 as of September 24, 2017) is a cable news television network located in St. Petersburg, Florida. Owned by Charter Communications, it currently serves the Tampa Bay area including Hillsborough, Pinellas, Manatee, Polk, Pasco, Hernando, and Citrus counties. The station, which is exclusive to Charter Communications customers, broadcasts news 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with the exception of some special programming, including a weekly political program, "Political Connections". Context_8 : WSTO TV is Stoughton, Wisconsin's community television station. One of the first Public, educational, and government access (PEG) community channels, started in 1968 by Bob and Janeen Burrel. WSTO was originally called Viking Media Corp, until becoming WSTO in the early 1970s. WSTO is currently being broadcast on Charter Communications digital channel 981 and streaming 24/7 with most shows on-demand. In recent times WSTO was broadcast on Charter Communications Channel 12. WSTO has 2 full-time staff people, including the Director of Media Services and the Media Production Specialist. WSTO TV is operated by the City of Stoughton Media Services department for Stoughton, Wisconsin and is located on the 2nd floor of the Public Safety Building. WSTO Staff are working on a revised history based on historical documents and records located at the facility. Context_9 : Lam Research Corporation is an American corporation that engages in the design, manufacture, marketing, and service of semiconductor processing equipment used in the fabrication of integrated circuits. Its products are used primarily in front-end wafer processing, which involves the steps that create the active components of semiconductor devices (transistors, capacitors) and their wiring (interconnects). The company also builds equipment for back-end wafer-level packaging (WLP), and for related manufacturing markets such as for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Context_10 : Executive Order 11246, signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 24, 1965, established requirements for non-discriminatory practices in hiring and employment on the part of U.S. government contractors. It "prohibits federal contractors and federally assisted construction contractors and subcontractors, who do over $10,000 in Government business in one year from discriminating in employment decisions on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin." It also requires contractors to "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, color, religion, sex or national origin." The phrase "affirmative action" had appeared previously in Executive Order 10925 in 1961. fact_1 : Lam Research Corporation is an American corporation that engages in the design, manufacture, marketing, and service of semiconductor processing equipment used in the fabrication of integrated circuits. fact_2 : Charter Communications is an American telecommunications company, which offers its services to consumers and businesses under the branding of Spectrum. Question: Lam Research Corporation and Charter Communications are both what type of companies in terms of national origin?
Output: American