niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Likewise , beta 2 - M was not associated with markers of disease extension such as TNM , ( UICC , classification of malignant tumors ) staging and axillary lymph node involvement or with estrogen , progesterone , and glucocorticoid receptor levels .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
In vivo responsiveness to glucocorticoid correlated with glucocorticoid receptor content in peripheral blood leukocytes in normal humans .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Simultaneous measurements of glucocorticoid receptor content by whole - cell assay revealed that glucocorticoid receptor content in polymorphonuclear leukocytes linearly correlated with that in the corresponding lymphocytes ( r = 0 . 9482 , p less than 0 . 0001 ) .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
There were also significant correlations between the maximum increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and glucocorticoid receptor content in polymorphonuclear leukocytes ( r = 0 . 7239 , p less than 0 . 0007 ) , and between the maximum decrease in lymphocytes and glucocorticoid receptor content in lymphocytes ( r = 0 . 7703 , p less than 0 . 0002 ) .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
These results suggest that individual differences are preserved both in glucocorticoid responsiveness and in glucocorticoid receptor content in peripheral blood leukocytes in normal humans .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The order of potency observed with the different steroids indicated that this inhibitory effect was mediated through binding to a specific glucocorticoid receptor .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor binding in depression : normal values following recovery .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
This study shows that the reduction in glucocorticoid receptor numbers which occurs during acute depressive illness does not persist on recovery and is , therefore , state - dependent .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Transformation of B - lymphocytes with the Epstein - Barr virus leads to glucocorticoid receptor induction that is less than that observed with cells from Old World primates .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The increase was specific for glucocorticoid receptor ligands .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Binding of progestins to the glucocorticoid receptor .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
A number of physiological and synthetic progestins were tested for their ability to compete with [ 3H ] dexamethasone for the binding to the glucocorticoid receptor of human mononuclear leukocytes and their ability to elicit glucocorticoid - like effects on the same cells .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The effective binding of medroxyprogesterone acetate to the glucocorticoid receptor was confirmed by direct binding studies utilizing a tritiated derivative of this steroid .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
In contrast , the synthetic progestins related structurally to 19 - nortestosterone , norethisterone and d - norgestrel , were virtually devoid of binding affinity towards the glucocorticoid receptor nor did they measurably influence the in vitro lymphocyte functions .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
There is a range of levels of glucocorticoid receptor numbers seen in the various subclasses of acute lymphatic leukemia ( ALL ) .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor binding in depressed patients with hypercortisolemia .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
This hypercortisolemia in the absence of clinical effects suggests a state of hormone resistance and could be mediated by alterations in the glucocorticoid receptor .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Earlier studies have shown that small doses of glucocorticoids cause a decrease in glucocorticoid receptor binding in normal human lymphocytes .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The lack of a change in lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor concentration in the presence of cortisol excess suggests the possibility that hypercortisolemia in depressive illness represents a state of peripheral glucocorticoid resistance .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The glucocorticoid receptor ( GR ) quantitation by a whole - cell assay and / or cytosol technique and the in vitro sensitivity to steroids have been assessed in peripheral blood cells from normal donors and patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia ( CLL ) , acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( ALL ) , lymphosarcoma cell leukemia ( LSCL ) , acute nonlymphatic leukemia ( ANLL ) , and chronic myeloid leukemia ( CML ) .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
These 2 cell subpopulations were analyzed for glucocorticoid receptor content by using a whole cell assay , with ( 3H ) - triamcinolone acetonide as tracer .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The present study was performed to analyse glucocorticoid receptor ( GR ) binding in peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes ( MNL ) from 39 myasthenia gravis ( MG ) patients ( unoperated patients ( n = 13 ) , thymectomized patients ( n = 14 ) and patients receiving glucocorticoids : thymectomized ( n = 11 ) and unoperated ( n = 6 ] .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Antisera were obtained following immunization of New Zealand White rabbits with [ 3H ] triamcinolone acetonide [ ( 3H ] TA ) - glucocorticoid receptor complexes partially purified by two - stage DNA - cellulose chromatography .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
This component was markedly diminished when cytosols from the glucocorticoid receptor - deficient cell line ICR - 27 were used .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Effect of thymosin on glucocorticoid receptor activity and glucocorticoid sensitivity of human thymocytes .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The glucocorticoid receptor activity in normal infant thymocytes was found to be 2 , 146 + / - 726 ( s . d . ) sites per cell with dissociation constant of 1 . 4 + / - 0 . 6 X 10 ( - 8 ) M .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Cells from patients were found to contain a significantly ( p less than 0 . 01 ) lower level of glucocorticoid receptor ( 3830 + / - 210 sites / cell , mean + / - SE ) than those from controls ( 4930 + / - 250 sites / cell ) .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
A partial glucocorticoid receptor defect may well explain the abnormal cortisol metabolism and glucocorticoid resistance commonly found in patients with anorexia nervosa .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human lymphocytes .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The presence of a glucocorticoid receptor in human lymphocytes is well established , but factors affecting its regulation have not been described .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
No clear correlation could be established between the level of glucocorticoid receptor and the in vitro action of steroids in normal and neoplastic lymphoid tissue .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
In contrast , attempts to correlate glucocorticoid receptor levels in acute lymphocytic leukemia to in vivo steroid responsiveness and immunological type using the whole - cell - binding assay for receptor determination and selecting the patients according to age and immunological criteria have been more successful .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Decreased glucocorticoid receptor binding in adrenal insufficiency .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
To examine the effect of glucocorticoid deficiency on the glucocorticoid receptor , we examine the binding of [ 3H ] dexamethasone to lymphocytes in normal subjects and patients with adrenal insufficiency before and after glucocorticoid replacement therapy .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The glucocorticoid receptor concentration of the leukaemic blast cells ranged from 0 to 0 . 94 fmol / microgram DNA .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Thirteen patients had blast cells with a glucocorticoid receptor concentration over 0 . 22 fmol / microgram DNA .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
These results show that measurements of TdT activity and the glucocorticoid receptor concentration yield valuable prognostic information in acute non - lymphocytic leukaemia
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
[ 3H ] cortivazol : a unique high affinity ligand for the glucocorticoid receptor .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
To assess the interaction between these atypical steroids and the glucocorticoid receptor , we examined the binding of [ 3H ] CVZ to cytosol from glucocorticoid - sensitive and - resistant variants of the human leukemic cell line CEM C7 .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
The cellular water space was measured with 3H2O , and glucocorticoid receptor number was measured in a whole - cell binding assay with [ 3H ] dexamethasone at 30 and 37 degrees C .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Covalent labeling of rat thymocyte and human lymphoid glucocorticoid receptor .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
In cytosolic fractions prepared from rat thymic lymphocytes , [ 3H ] - dexamethasone - 21 - mesylate labels a protein ( Mr approximately equal to 95 , 000 ) which was identified as the glucocorticoid receptor by the following criteria : ( a ) labeling of this moiety is inhibited by treatment with a 100 - fold molar excess of glucocorticoids , such as dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide ; and ( b ) the covalently labeled Mr approximately equal to 95 , 000 protein is activated ( by heating at 20 degrees for 30 min ) to a form that binds to DNA - cellulose .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Thus , in rat and human lymphoid cells , [ 3H ] dexamethasone - 21 - mesylate can be used to label covalently the glucocorticoid receptor .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Normal lymphoid cells contain glucocorticoid receptor .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Absence of the glucocorticoid receptor ( usually found in treated patients ) predicts lack of glucocorticoid responsiveness .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Furthermore , in our hands , glucocorticoid receptor levels correlate with the duration of complete remission in ALL ( though not in other forms of leukemia ) .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Recent evidence suggests that overexpression of the glucocorticoid receptor splice variant GRbeta in inflammatory cells might contribute to steroid insensitivity in diseases such as asthma .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Reticulocyte lysate contains a chaperone system that assembles glucocorticoid receptor ( GR ) . hsp90 heterocomplexes .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Normal lymphocytes contain low levels of glucocorticoid receptor ( approximately 2 , 500 sites / cell ) which are identical in T - and non - T - fractions .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Quantitative determination of glucocorticoid receptor levels in acute lymphoblastic leukemia may be of value both as an independent prognostic variable and in suggesting which patients should receive glucocorticoid therapy .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
There was no marked correlation between glucocorticoid receptor levels and in vitro sensitivity .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
An attempt to correlate receptor levels with clinical responsiveness demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor determination might be of value in patients with lymphoid malignancies but probably not in patients with other leukemias .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Cell cycle - dependent changes in glucocorticoid receptor content .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
To study variations in glucocorticoid receptor levels during the cell cycle , we have separated mitogen - stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes and rat lymph node cells by unit gravity sedimentation and measured glucocorticoid binding in the resultant fractions .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Mouse thymus was used as a source of glucocorticoid receptor from normal CS lymphocytes .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Whereas the immunoaffinity column retained 70 to 84 % of the 58 - to 62 - A ( Stokes radius ) [ 3H ] triamcinolone acetonide - receptor complexes characteristic of the CS mouse and human lymphocytes , it failed to recognize the 27 - to 28 - A ( Stokes radius ) glucocorticoid receptor present in corticoid - resistant mouse lymphoma P1798 cells .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Therefore , under appropriate experimental conditions , it was possible to demonstrate cross - reactivity between the antiserum against rat liver glucocorticoid receptor and the 58 - to 62 - A ( Stokes radius ) glucocorticoid receptor from species as diverse as mouse and humans .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Increased glucocorticoid receptor levels in antigen - stimulated lymphocytes .
Output: glucocorticoid receptor
Expression of SART3 antigen and induction of CTLs by SART3 - derived peptides in breast cancer patients .
Output: SART3 antigen
This study investigated expression of the SART3 antigen in breast cancer to explore an appropriate molecule for use in specific immunotherapy of breast cancer patients .
Output: SART3 antigen
The SART3 antigen was detected in all of the breast cancer cell lines tested , 30 of 40 ( 75 % ) breast cancer tissue samples , and 0 of 3 non - tumourous breast tissue samples .
Output: SART3 antigen
Therefore , the SART3 antigen and its peptides could be an appropriate molecule for use in specific immunotherapy of the majority of HLA - A24 - positive breast cancer patients
Output: SART3 antigen
Two patients with Tac - positive adult T - cell leukemia have been treated with the anti - Tac .
Output: anti - Tac
These data further suggest that Bright may contribute to increased gene expression by remodeling the immunoglobulin locus during B cell development .
Output: immunoglobulin locus
In contrast , 3 , 3 ' , 4 , 4 ' , 5 - PeCB , a congener of coplanar structure , as well as 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 - TCDD did not induce apoptosis in these human monocytic cells , although they potently induced CYP 1A1 in human hepatoma Hep G2 cells .
Output: CYP 1A1
Functionally , p58 ( + ) CTLs displayed a low lytic activity for HLA - A2 tumor and normal cells .
Output: HLA - A2
Using this inducible Nef , we also compared the specific requirements for CD4 and HLA - A2 downmodulation in a SupT1 T - cell line .
Output: HLA - A2
In contrast , 50 % downmodulation of HLA - A2 by Nef required 16 to 24 h and about 50 - to 100 - fold - greater concentrations of 4 - HT .
Output: HLA - A2
These data suggest that HLA - A2 downmodulation may require certain threshold levels of active Nef .
Output: HLA - A2
The differential timing of CD4 and HLA - A2 downmodulation may have implications for HIV pathogenesis and immune evasion .
Output: HLA - A2
Here we show that STAT5A can serve as a functional substrate of Bruton ' s tyrosine kinase ( BTK ) .
Output: tyrosine kinase
Bruton ' s tyrosine kinase ( Btk ) , a member of the Tec family of cytosolic kinases , is essential for B cell development and function .
Output: tyrosine kinase
Treatment of leukemic LGL with the JAK - selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG - 490 induced apoptosis with a corresponding decrease in STAT - DNA binding activity .
Output: tyrosine kinase
We now provide evidence that the tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A and the free radical scavenger N - acetyl - cysteine inhibit both radiation - induced and H2O2 - induced activation of NF - kappa B , indicating that activation triggered by ROI is dependent on tyrosine kinase activity .
Output: tyrosine kinase
H2O2 was found to stimulate Ins - 1 , 4 , 5 - P3 production in a tyrosine kinase - dependent manner and to induce calcium signals that were greatly augmented by vanadate .
Output: tyrosine kinase
Presence and steroid inducibility of glutamine synthetase in human leukemic cells .
Output: glutamine synthetase
In glucocorticoid - sensitive cells [ 3H ] CVZ causes a 2 - fold induction of glutamine synthetase and binds to a protein in the 4 . 6 S region of high salt sucrose gradients .
Output: glutamine synthetase
In 6 cases only there was a strong infiltration of mononuclear cells positive for acid phosphatase .
Output: acid phosphatase
The disparity of results between endogenous and exogenous hypercorticism , between the two cell types , and between the present studies and previous studies suggest that the effects of glucocorticoid excess on the insulin receptor are extremely complex and wide - ranging and that in this condition , extrapolations in humans from data with circulating cells to liver and muscle may not be appropriate .
Output: insulin receptor
Minimal residual disease in acute myelogenous leukemia with PML / RAR alpha or AML1 / ETO mRNA and phenotypic analysis of possible T and natural killer cells in bone marrow .
Output: AML1 / ETO
Here we studied minimal residual disease ( MRD ) of patients with acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ) who have PML / RAR alpha or AML1 / ETO as well as the phenotypic analysis of lymphocyte subsets involved in antitumor immunity .
Output: AML1 / ETO
Using the reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction ( RT ) assay , the limit of detection was 10 ( - 5 ) to 10 ( - 6 ) for PML / RAR alpha transcript and 10 ( - 4 ) to 10 ( - 5 ) for the AML1 / ETO transcript .
Output: AML1 / ETO
Two B - cell - specific , cis - acting transcriptional regulatory elements have been identified .
Output: regulatory elements
In conclusion , we illustrate that CD45R0 signals control early cytokine receptor - associated signaling processes and mRNA and DNA synthesis in activated human lymphoblasts .
Output: cytokine receptor
Mutation of either Tyr248 , Tyr357 , or Tyr462 to phenylalanine reduced transcription from a c - fos promoter relative to wild - type BAP / TFII - I in transfected COS - 7 cells , consistent with the interpretation that phosphorylation at these sites contributes to transcriptional activation .
Output: c - fos
Furthermore , addition of sodium butyrate or 1 alpha , 25 - dihydroxyvitamin D3 to HL - 60 cells induced the expression of c - fos , c - jun , jun B and jun D proto - oncogenes .
Output: c - fos
The activation of this signaling pathway requires functional CD4 receptors and is independent of binding to CXCR4 .
Output: CD4 receptors
Single dose intranasal administration of retinal autoantigen generates a rapid accumulation and cell activation in draining lymph node and spleen : implications for tolerance therapy .
Output: retinal autoantigen
BACKGROUND / AIMS : A single intranasal delivery of retinal autoantigen suppresses effectively experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis ( EAU ) .
Output: retinal autoantigen
Acute promyelocytic leukemia ( APL ) is always associated with chromosomal translocations that disrupt the retinoic acid receptor alpha ( RARalpha ) gene .
Output: retinoic acid receptor
The critical function of NFAT proteins in maintaining lymphoid homeostasis was revealed in mice lacking both NFATp and NFAT4 ( DKO ) .
Output: NFAT proteins
OBJECTIVE : We sought to characterize the expression of different NFAT proteins in resting and activated eosinophils .
Output: NFAT proteins
Using purified proteins , we have prepared a five - protein heterocomplex assembly system consisting of two proteins essential for heterocomplex assembly - hsp90 and hsp70 - and three proteins that act as co - chaperones to enhance assembly - Hop , hsp40 , p23 [ Morishima , Y . , Kanelakis , K . C . , Silverstein , A . M . , Dittmar , K . D . , Estrada , L . , and Pratt , W . B . ( 2000 ) J . Biol . Chem . 275 , 6894 - 6900 ] .
Output: purified proteins
Cn A cleavage was caspase mediated , since it was inhibitable by pan - caspase inhibitor Cbz - Asp - CH ( 2 ) OC ( O ) - 2 , 6 - dichlorobenzene ( Z - D - DCB ) .
Output: Cn A
In B - lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from two independent class II - deficient bare lymphocyte syndrome patients , we observed a drastic decrease in transcription rates of the class II genes .
Output: class II genes
When these cell lines are fused , class II genes are reexpressed , indicating that immunodeficiencies in bare lymphocyte syndrome patients are the result of two distinct mutations .
Output: class II genes
This approach has the potential advantage of suppressing the expression of various proinflammatory Th2 cytokines simultaneously rather than suppressing the activity of a single cytokine .
Output: proinflammatory Th2 cytokines
In summary , whilst intensive investigations are in progress to target the many HIF - 1 effectors , the results herein indicate that blocking hypoxia - inducible pathways and enhancing NK - mediated antitumor immunity by targeting HIF - 1 itself may be advantageous , especially when combined with cancer immunotherapy .
Output: HIF - 1
faim was identified by differential display and exists in two alternatively spliced forms ; faim - S is broadly expressed , but faim - L expression is tissue - specific .
Output: faim - S
Furthermore , the SH2 domain of p56 ( lck ) appeared to be required for pervanadate - induced NF - kappa B activation but not for Tyr42 phosphorylation .
Output: SH2 domain
We show that dispersion of PML bodies by Z requires a portion of the transcriptional activation domain of Z but not the DNA - binding function .
Output: transcriptional activation domain
These results establish EKLF as a tissue - specific transcription factor that undergoes post - translational acetylation and suggest a mechanism by which EKLF is able to alter chromatin structure and induce beta - globin expression within the beta - like globin cluster .
Output: transcription factor
CONCLUSIONS : Hyperglycemia induces activation of the transcription factor NF - kappa B in ex vivo - isolated PBMCs of patients with type 1 diabetes .
Output: transcription factor
Here we show that forced expression of the lung Kruppel - like transcription factor ( LKLF ) in Jurkat T cells is sufficient to program a quiescent phenotype characterized by decreased proliferation , reduced cell size and protein synthesis and decreased surface expression of activation markers .
Output: transcription factor
The role of transcription factor activation in other models of pancreatitis has not been established .
Output: transcription factor
The Runt family transcription factor CBFalpha2 ( AML1 , PEBP2alphaB , or Runx1 ) is required by hematopoietic stem cells and expressed at high levels in T - lineage cells .
Output: transcription factor
We demonstrate that , unlike LPS , the safe immunomodulator MB selectively activates extracellular signal - regulated kinases ( Erk ) 1 / 2 , in the absence of detectable Jun N - terminal kinase ( JNK ) or p38 mitogen - activated kinase activation .
Output: N - terminal
The level of estradiol receptors in the cytosol of mononuclear cells was significantly lower in asymptomatic HBV carriers and patients with chronic hepatitis B , compared to normal controls .
Output: estradiol receptors
We previously reported that the response of mononuclear cells to estrogen is impaired in HBV carriers , and our present results suggested that this may be due to the low level of estradiol receptors in the cytosol of mononuclear cells .
Output: estradiol receptors
The peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor gamma ( PPARgamma ) , a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily , is essential for adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis .
Output: nuclear hormone receptor
Peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor ( PPAR ) - gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor that serves as a trans factor to regulate lipid metabolism .
Output: nuclear hormone receptor
Epstein - barr virus immediate - early protein BZLF1 is SUMO - 1 modified and disrupts promyelocytic leukemia bodies .
Output: SUMO - 1
SUMO - 1 modification of PML is known to be required for the formation of PML bodies .
Output: SUMO - 1
As was previously reported for the HSV - 1 ICP0 and CMV IE1 proteins , Z reduces the amount of SUMO - 1 - modified PML .
Output: SUMO - 1
We also found that Z itself is SUMO - 1 modified ( through amino acid 12 ) and that Z competes with PML for limiting amounts of SUMO - 1 .
Output: SUMO - 1
The majority of peripheral CD4 ( + ) T cells constitutively expressed the IL - 18Ralpha .
Output: IL - 18Ralpha
UTI decreased the TNFalpha production of LPS - stimulated monocytes , but did not inhibit the TNFalpha mRNA expression .
Output: TNFalpha mRNA
PC - PLC - activated hydrolysis of PC was found to induce bona fide p50 / p65 NF - kappa B binding activity in three different cell lines of human or murine origin .
Output: PC - PLC
No significant changes in the turnover of other cellular phospholipids were detected in PC - PLC - treated cells .
Output: PC - PLC
HIV replication was increased by PC - PLC in chronically infected monocytes and T lymphocytes .
Output: PC - PLC
NF - kappa B activation promoted by addition of exogenous PC - PLC correlated with an intense production of diacylglycerol .
Output: PC - PLC
We found that anti - CD36 inhibited azPC uptake , and it inhibited PPRE reporter induction .
Output: anti - CD36
Northern blot analysis demonstrates that PDTC treatment will strongly reduce LPS - induced TNF transcripts .
Output: TNF transcripts
We also examined whether signaling by muramyl peptides involves the use of cell surface receptors , including CD14 and Toll - like receptor 2 ( TLR2 ) or TLR4 that are known to be signal - transducing receptors for other bacterial cell wall components .
Output: cell surface receptors
Recent studies have increasingly implicated the proteasome in the regulation of cell surface receptors .
Output: cell surface receptors
The cell surface glycoprotein 2B4 ( CD244 ) of the Ig superfamily is involved in the regulation of NK and T lymphocyte functions .
Output: Ig superfamily
Elevated expression of differentiation inhibitory factor nm23 mRNA in monoblastic crisis of a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia .
Output: nm23 mRNA
We report an example of elevated expression of nm23 mRNA in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia ( CML ) who developed monoblastic crisis .
Output: nm23 mRNA
These results indicate that c - myc - mediated signaling is abnormal in MG thymuses .
Output: c - myc
These results indicate that a cellular transduction pathway , dependent on specific PC breakdown , is functional in T lymphocytes and monocytes and may be used by various transmembrane receptors to activate HIV transcription through NF - kappa B - dependent induction of the HIV enhancer .
Output: HIV enhancer
GR complex activation , analyzed by DEAE - cellulose chromatography , was decreased in the patient .
Output: GR complex
DNA binding of the GR complex after temperature - induced activation was lower in the patient than in normal subjects .
Output: GR complex
These results suggest that the patient ' s glucocorticoid resistance was due to a decrease in the affinity of the receptor for glucocorticoids and a decrease in the binding of the GR complex to DNA .
Output: GR complex
Definitive hematopoiesis is restored by ectopic expression of full - length Cbfb transgenes , as well as by a transgene encoding only the heterodimerization domain of CBFbeta .
Output: heterodimerization domain
By Northern analysis , macrophage inflammatory protein ( MIP ) - 2 mRNA in BAL cells increased markedly 1 h after NaVO3 instillation and reduced a little bit at 4 h , whereas MIP - 1alpha mRNA in BAL cells was expressed relatively high 1 h after NaVO3 instillation , although a basal expression was detected in control group , and returned rapidly nearly to control level at 4 h .
Output: MIP - 1alpha
In addition a comparative analysis of the hemopoietic stem cell and precursor compartment resulting from the two Ikaros mutations reveals a profound yet not absolute requirement for Ikaros
Output: Ikaros mutations
In addition a comparative analysis of the hemopoietic stem cell and precursor compartment resulting from the two Ikaros mutations reveals a profound yet not absolute requirement for Ikaros in the production and differentiation of these populations .
Output: Ikaros mutations
Reporter - plasmids are transfected into thymocytes in fetal thymic organ culture by accelerated DNA / particle bombardment ( gene gun ) , and the activation of a signaling pathway is determined in the form of a standard luciferase assay .
Output: Reporter - plasmids
Treatment of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by antisense - induced local blockade of GATA - 3 expression .
Output: GATA - 3
However , it remains unclear whether GATA - 3 plays a role in the effector phase of allergic airway inflammation and whether antagonizing the expression and / or function of GATA - 3 can be used for the therapy of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness .
Output: GATA - 3
Here , we analyzed the effects of locally antagonizing GATA - 3 function in a murine model of asthma .
Output: GATA - 3
In a murine model of asthma associated with allergic pulmonary inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in ovalbumin ( OVA ) - sensitized mice , local intranasal administration of fluorescein isothiocyanate - labeled GATA - 3 antisense oligonucleotides led to DNA uptake in lung cells associated with a reduction of intracellular GATA - 3 expression .
Output: GATA - 3
Such intrapulmonary blockade of GATA - 3 expression caused an abrogation of signs of lung inflammation including infiltration of eosinophils and Th2 cytokine production .
Output: GATA - 3
These data indicate a critical role for GATA - 3 in the effector phase of a murine asthma model and suggest that local delivery of GATA - 3 antisense oligonucleotides may be a novel approach for the treatment of airway hyperresponsiveness such as in asthma .
Output: GATA - 3
Regulation of cytokine production in T - cell responses to inhalant allergen : GATA - 3 expression distinguishes between Th1 - and Th2 - polarized immunity .
Output: GATA - 3
RESULTS : Cytokine - driven Th2 polarization of naive T cells is associated with marked upregulation of GATA - 3 expression , whereas a reciprocal expression pattern accompanies differentiation towards the Th1 cytokine phenotype .
Output: GATA - 3
In T cells from HDM skin prick test - positive ( HDM - SPT + / HDM - IgE + ) volunteers , overnight stimulation results in marked upregulation of GATA - 3 expression , compared to an equally marked downregulation of expression in T cells from SPT - / IgE - subjects .
Output: GATA - 3
In subjects who are HDM - SPT + but IgE - , GATA - 3 expression levels remained relatively stable during culture with HDM .
Output: GATA - 3
CONCLUSIONS : Upregulation of GATA - 3 expression in PBMC is a hallmark of the early phase of Th2 recall responses to specific allergen in atopics .
Output: GATA - 3
An instructive component in T helper cell type 2 ( Th2 ) development mediated by GATA - 3 .
Output: GATA - 3
This pattern of expression closely mirrored that of GATA - 3 in the same cells .
Output: GATA - 3
Thus , Th2 - specific GATA - 3 expression and p38 mitogen - activated protein kinase activation together provide a molecular basis for the differential effects of cAMP in the two T helper cell subsets .
Output: GATA - 3
In the primitive erythroid lineage , transcription of the embryonic epsilon - globin gene parallels GATA - 1 expression while the switch to beta - globin transcription in definitive erythroid cells is directly preceded by a pronounced increase in GATA - 3 accumulation .
Output: GATA - 3
Recent studies indicate that liganded PPARgamma not only promotes differentiation but also inhibits the activation of macrophages .
Output: liganded PPARgamma
Functional characterization of the two alternative promoters of human p45 NF - E2 gene .
Output: alternative promoters
Multiple signals required for cyclic AMP - responsive element binding protein ( CREB ) binding protein interaction induced by CD3 / CD28 costimulation .
Output: CD3 / CD28
CD3 / CD28 - promoted CREB - CBP interaction was dependent on p38 mitogen - activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) and calcium / calmodulin - dependent protein kinase ( CaMK ) IV in addition to the previously identified extracellular signal - regulated kinase pathway .
Output: CD3 / CD28
Confocal microscopy further demonstrated that exogenously expressed PKCtheta and IKKss colocalize in the membrane of CD3 / CD28 - costimulated Jurkat T cells .
Output: CD3 / CD28
Increased transcription decreases the spontaneous mutation rate at the thymidine kinase locus in human cells .
Output: thymidine kinase locus
In contrast , expression of constitutively active MEK1 , which activates ERK pathway , enhanced RXRE - dependent activation .
Output: constitutively active MEK1
Glutamine synthetase ( EC 6 . 3 . 1 . 2 ; GS ) is present in lymphoblasts from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( ALL ) as well as in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes .
Output: Glutamine synthetase
Receptor cleavage by these and other endogenous enzymes may account for previous observations of ` ` abnormal ' ' receptors in cytosols from some leukemic specimens .
Output: endogenous enzymes
Here , we report that both human CD34 ( + ) stem cell - derived DCs ( CD34DCs ) and human CD14 ( + ) monocyte - derived DCs ( MoDCs ) express TRAIL and exhibit cytotoxicity to some types of tumor cells partially through TRAIL .
Output: human CD14
HLA - DQ tetramers identify epitope - specific T cells in peripheral blood of herpes simplex virus type 2 - infected individuals : direct detection of immunodominant antigen - responsive cells .
Output: HLA - DQ
The B cell factor was purified to homogeneity using affinity chromatography and consists of three peptides of 62 , 61 , and 58 . 5 + / - 1 . 5 kd .
Output: B cell factor
One of the challenges in defining the molecular events regulated by Nef has been obtaining good expression of Nef protein in T cells .
Output: Nef protein
We have designed a Nef protein that is readily expressed in T - cell lines and whose function is inducibly activated .
Output: Nef protein
EBV binds to CR2 through its major envelope glycoprotein - 350 ( gp350 ) and is also a remarkable immunomodulating agent .
Output: glycoprotein - 350
TCF / LEF proteins have recently been found to constitute a downstream component of the Wingless / Wnt signal transduction pathway .
Output: TCF / LEF
By contrast , peritoneal fluid did not cause significant activation of PPAR - gamma / GAL4 constructs .
Output: PPAR - gamma
Intense interest is focused on PPAR - gamma and its ligands owing to its putative role in adipocyte differentiation .
Output: PPAR - gamma
Little is known , however , about the functions of PPAR - gamma in the immune system , especially in T lymphocytes .
Output: PPAR - gamma
We demonstrate that both naive and activated ovalbumin - specific T cells from DO11 . 10 - transgenic mice express PPAR - gamma mRNA and protein .
Output: PPAR - gamma
In order to determine the function of PPAR - gamma , T cells were stimulated with phorbol 12 - myristate 13 - acetate and ionomycin or antigen and antigen - presenting cells .
Output: PPAR - gamma
Simultaneous exposure to PPAR - gamma ligands ( e . g . 15 - deoxy - Delta ( 12 , 14 ) - prostaglandin J ( 2 ) , troglitazone ) showed drastic inhibition of proliferation and significant decreases in cell viability .
Output: PPAR - gamma
These observations suggest that PPAR - gamma agonists play an important role in regulating T cell - mediated immune responses by inducing apoptosis .
Output: PPAR - gamma
T cell death via PPAR - gamma ligation may act as a potent anti - inflammatory signal in the immune system , and ligands could possibly be used to control disorders in which excessive inflammation occurs .
Output: PPAR - gamma
The research described herein evaluates the expression and functional significance of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor - gamma ( PPAR - gamma ) on B - lineage cells .
Output: PPAR - gamma
Normal mouse B cells and a variety of B lymphoma cells reflective of stages of B cell differentiation ( e . g . , 70Z / 3 , CH31 , WEHI - 231 , CH12 , and J558 ) express PPAR - gamma mRNA and , by Western blot analysis , the 67 - kDa PPAR - gamma protein .
Output: PPAR - gamma
15 - Deoxy - Delta ( 12 , 14 ) - PGJ ( 2 ) ( 15d - PGJ ( 2 ) ) , a PPAR - gamma agonist , has a dose - dependent antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect on normal and malignant B cells as shown by [ ( 3 ) H ] thymidine and 3 - [ 4 , 5 - dimethylthiazol - 2 - yl ] - 2 , 5 - diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays .
Output: PPAR - gamma
The mechanism by which PPAR - gamma agonists induce cytotoxicity is via apoptosis , as shown by annexin V staining and as confirmed by DNA fragmentation detected using the TUNEL assay .
Output: PPAR - gamma
Interestingly , addition of PGF ( 2alpha ) , which was not known to affect lymphocytes , dramatically attenuated the deleterious effects of PPAR - gamma agonists on B lymphomas .
Output: PPAR - gamma
This is the first study evaluating PPAR - gamma expression and its significance on B lymphocytes .
Output: PPAR - gamma
PPAR - gamma agonists may serve as a counterbalance to the stimulating effects of other PGs , namely PGE ( 2 ) , which promotes B cell differentiation .
Output: PPAR - gamma
Finally , the use of PGs , such as 15d - PGJ ( 2 ) , and synthetic PPAR - gamma agonists to induce apoptosis in B - lineage cells may lead to the development of novel therapies for fatal B lymphomas
Output: PPAR - gamma
It is suggested that the glucocorticoid - induced lysis of human CLL cells is similar to the phenomenon observed in rat or murine lymphocytes and is mediated by interaction of the steroid molecule with the cytoplasmic receptor .
Output: cytoplasmic receptor
Pax5 thus functions both as a transcriptional repressor and activator , depending on its interactions with corepressors of the Groucho protein family or with positive regulators such as the TATA - binding protein .
Output: Groucho protein family
The heat shock response reduces myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein - induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice .
Output: myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
EAE was actively induced in C57BL / 6 mice using an encephalitogenic myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ( MOG ( 35 - 55 ) ) peptide .
Output: myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
Thus , low levels of glucocorticoid - inducible inhibitors may contribute to , but can not fully account for , Dex inhibition of GM4672A PA activity .
Output: GM4672A PA
However , the differentiation induced by the ER - 35795 was not antagonized at all by the RAR antagonist , but was inhibited by an RXR homodimer antagonist ( LGD100754 , ( 2E , 4E , 6Z ) - 7 - ( 3 - n - propoxy - 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 - tetrahydro - 5 , 5 , 8 , 8 - tetramethylnaphthale - 2 - yl ) - 3 - methylocta - 2 , 4 , 6 - trienoic acid ) .
Output: RXR homodimer
To investigate whether the observed thymolytic effects were due to the presence of hormone receptors on thymocytes , cells were isolated from the thymus and incubated with androgens or oestrogens to measure apoptosis .
Output: hormone receptors
B lymphocyte stimulator ( BLyS ) is a novel member of the TNF family of proteins expressed by myeloid cells as membrane - bound and soluble forms .
Output: B lymphocyte stimulator
A significantly positive correlation was found between ST1 expression , and p53 tumour suppressor gene product ( p = 0 . 004 ) , and a relationship with c - erbB - 2 protein and progesterone receptor status was also indicated .
Output: progesterone receptor
No evidence for the existence of a specific progesterone receptor in human mononuclear leukocytes was obtained as judged by the results of competition experiments where a progesterone receptor - specific ligand [ 3H ] Org 2058 was used .
Output: progesterone receptor
NK activity was not correlated to estrogen or progesterone receptor states .
Output: progesterone receptor
However , addition of a phosphatidylinositol - specific PLC from B . cereus also induced diacylglycerol but did not activate kappa B enhancer - directed vectors .
Output: kappa B enhancer
Tk mRNA is induced following treatment with estrogen .
Output: Tk mRNA
T cells respond to mitogenic or antigenic stimulation by proliferation and by turning on cytokine gene expression .
Output: cytokine gene
Long - range transcriptional regulation of cytokine gene expression .
Output: cytokine gene
Molecular pathogenesis of influenza A virus infection and virus - induced regulation of cytokine gene expression .
Output: cytokine gene
Previous studies indicated that aspirin ( acetylsalicylic acid [ ASA ] ) can have profound immunomodulatory effects by regulating cytokine gene expression in several types of cells .
Output: cytokine gene
Here we show that site C binds members of the ubiquitously expressed RFX family of proteins , notably RFX1 , RFX3 , and the associated factor MIBP1 , whereas sites B and D both bind the B - cell - specific activator protein BSAP / Pax5 .
Output: site C
The gene encoding the cytolytic protein perforin is selectively expressed by activated killer lymphocytes .
Output: cytolytic protein
The leukocyte migration inhibition response to certain breast cancer - related antigens ( MCF - 7 and MuMTV ) : their potential as discriminants .
Output: MCF - 7
We have used the leukocyte migration inhibition ( LMI ) response to assay the response to several potential breast cancer - related antigens , including MuMTV , MPMV , and a breast cancer cultured cell line , MCF - 7 , in 96 breast cancer patients , in 32 women with benign breast disease , and in 67 normal women .
Output: MCF - 7
Breast cancer patients showed significant responses to MuMTV ( 49 % and to MCF - 7 ( 50 % ) , but not to MPMV ( 29 % ) .
Output: MCF - 7
In a paired - antigen study using MuMTV and MCF - 7 , 75 % of the breast cancer patients responded , versus 18 % of the normal women ( P less than 0 . 0050 ) .
Output: MCF - 7
The above reactions suggest that a large proportion of breast cancer patients exhibit presensitization to antigenfs found in MuMTV and MCF - 7 , which may be cross - reactive with antigens in the primary cancer .
Output: MCF - 7
Functional uncoupling of the Janus kinase 3 - Stat5 pathway in malignant growth of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 - transformed human T cells .
Output: Janus kinase 3
Among six or so PKC isoforms expressed in T cells , only PKCtheta participates in the assembly of the supramolecular activation clusters at the contact site of the TCR with Ag .
Output: PKC isoforms
BACKGROUND : Eosinophils are now known to produce a variety of proinflammatory cytokines , although the molecular factors that regulate their production are poorly understood .
Output: proinflammatory cytokines
In epithelial cells , defensin genes are found as both constitutively expressed and inducible .
Output: defensin genes
In vivo , up - regulation of several defensin genes occurs in both infectious and inflammatory states .
Output: defensin genes
Transfection of Jurkat cells with Bcl - 2 prevented DMA - 2 , 4 - D - induced disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and led to a complete blockage of apoptosis .
Output: Bcl - 2
Ikaros is a unique regulator of lymphopoiesis that associates with pericentromeric heterochromatin and has been implicated in heritable gene inactivation .
Output: pericentromeric heterochromatin
Glucocorticoid receptor ( GR ) levels were quantified in leukemic blasts from peripheral blood of 86 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia .
Output: Glucocorticoid receptor
[ Glucocorticoid receptor level in the blood leukocytes in different acute diseases ]
Output: Glucocorticoid receptor
Glucocorticoid receptor and in vitro sensitivity to steroid hormones in human lymphoproliferative diseases and myeloid leukemia .
Output: Glucocorticoid receptor
Glucocorticoid receptor number and intracellular water space .
Output: Glucocorticoid receptor
Glucocorticoid receptor content of T lymphocytes : evidence for heterogeneity .
Output: Glucocorticoid receptor
Glucocorticoid receptor activation and inactivation in c ultured human lymphocytes .
Output: Glucocorticoid receptor
Glucocorticoid receptor levels and steroid induced inhibition of nucleic acid precursors have been examined in lymphocytes from 27 patients at different stages of chronic lymphatic leukaemia .
Output: Glucocorticoid receptor
We have recently described enhanced expression of IFN - alpha in the mucosa of patients with celiac disease ( CD ) , a gluten - sensitive Th1 - mediated enteropathy , characterized by villous atrophy and crypt cell hyperplasia .
Output: IFN - alpha
Similarly , no changes are seen in explants cultured with IFN - alpha alone .
Output: IFN - alpha
Together these data indicate that IFN - alpha can facilitate activation of Th1 - reactive cells in the gut and drive immunopathology .
Output: IFN - alpha
Therefore , deletion of the STAT6 gene facilitates development of potent anti - tumor immunity via a CD4 ( + ) - independent pathway .
Output: STAT6 gene
Ectopically expressed BTK kinase domain was capable of tyrosine - phosphorylating STAT5A both in vitro and in vivo .
Output: BTK kinase domain
Electrophoretic - mobility - shift assays showed that the core promoter ETS motif binds an Ets - related protein specifically expressed at high levels in CD4 + cells .
Output: core promoter
Kappa B - specific DNA binding proteins : role in the regulation of human interleukin - 2 gene expression .
Output: interleukin - 2
Kinetics of cytokine and NFAT gene expression in human interleukin - 2 - dependent T lymphoblasts stimulated via T - cell receptor .
Output: interleukin - 2
HTLV - 1 p12 ( I ) protein enhances STAT5 activation and decreases the interleukin - 2 requirement for proliferation of primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells .
Output: interleukin - 2
Here we show that glucocorticoid - induced inhibition of interleukin - 2 mRNA expression in activated normal T cells required new protein synthesis , suggesting that this phenomenon is secondary to expression of glucocorticoid - regulated genes .
Output: interleukin - 2
Targeting of p300 to the interleukin - 2 promoter via CREB - Rel cross - talk during mitogen and oncogenic molecular signaling in activated T - cells .
Output: interleukin - 2
The proteasome regulates receptor - mediated endocytosis of interleukin - 2 .
Output: interleukin - 2
We have demonstrated that in both HTLV - 1 - infected cells and Tax - expressing JPX - 9 cells , TR3 / nur77 is highly expressed , whereas neither NOR - 1 nor NOT expression is detectable .
Output: TR3 / nur77
Transient transfection analysis further confirmed the Tax transactivation of the TR3 / nur77 promoter but not the NOR - 1 promoter in different cell types .
Output: TR3 / nur77
The differences between N - OH - AAF mutation in the endogenous gene and transgene can be partially explained by the structures of the two genes .
Output: endogenous gene
There were no notable differences in the ER transcripts between patients and healthy controls .
Output: ER transcripts
However , other conserved sequence motifs , that differ between Ig variable gene families , are required for normal promoter function .
Output: conserved sequence motifs
In some experimental conditions , corticosteroids inhibit Interleukin 1 production by monocytes .
Output: Interleukin 1
The basic helix - loop - helix ( bHLH ) proteins E12 and E47 and an inhibitor HLH protein , Id3 , play key roles in thymocyte differentiation .
Output: inhibitor HLH protein
These included inhibition of the proliferative responses to the T - cell mitogens concanavalin A and phytohaemagglutinin and an enhanced accumulation of immunoglobulin secreting cells in pokeweed mitogen - stimulated cultures .
Output: concanavalin A
Moreover , in contrast to normal lymphocytes , the mitogenic stimulation of these patients ' lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A was not inhibited by 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 .
Output: concanavalin A
Contrary to the widely held view that mitogen - stimulated cells become insensitive to glucocorticoids , our experiments show that with respect to inhibition of thymidine and uridine incorporation and glucose uptake , the cells are highly sensitive to dexamethasone at 24 , 48 , and 72 h after stimulation with concanavalin A .
Output: concanavalin A
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 ( HTLV - 1 ) Tax protein transforms primary human T cells in vitro .
Output: Tax protein
As an initial step towards understanding the molecular basis for tissue - specific expression of this gene , we surveyed the surrounding chromatin structure for potential cis - acting regulatory regions by DNase I hypersensitivity mapping and found four hypersensitive sites , three of which were T cell restricted .
Output: DNase I
The binding to the saturable sites was specific for steroids with glucocorticoid or antiglucocorticoid activity .
Output: saturable sites
Further , inhibition of Mcl - 1 by antisense oligonucleotides , also resulted in macrophage apoptosis .
Output: Mcl - 1
Inhibition of STAT3 signaling leads to apoptosis of leukemic large granular lymphocytes and decreased Mcl - 1 expression .
Output: Mcl - 1