niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
CONTEXT: Every Kitchen needs a meat thermometer. Little too late in this case but it would have saved you here. I never used one at home until after I started working in a restaurant that only had a flat top and a convection oven with burgers on the menu. I got a relatively cheap one for $5-10 at Wal-mart and it does the job. Another option for next time is to check your meat often and poke it with a spoon, once it feels firm throughout, like the skin on the back of your hand when you make a fist, it's done.  <sep>  Q: pork fillet cooking time###I have a pork fillet which I've cut in half and marinated in some honey and soy. I heated a pan, and seared it on all sides, then put the pan in the oven at 180 deg C. ### The question is, how long to leave it in the oven until it's cooked through? A: Every Kitchen needs a meat thermometer  Q: how do i tell without it###I suspect it's about 20 minutes for the average fillet (3-4cm in diameter). Any suggestions? A: nother option for next time is to check your meat often and poke it with a spoon, once it feels firm throughout, like the skin on the back of your hand when you make a fist, it's done  Q: i see. thats helpful###any other suggestions for me A: I got a relatively cheap one for $5-10 at Wal-mart and it does the job  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: any particular thermometer brand or any will do?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I assume you're making normal maki (nori side out) and not California rolls.Are you leaving a 1/2 inch or so of blank nori (no rice) on the outside edge (the edge that you roll last)? If you slightly wet the bare edge of the nori with a little water on your finger it should help it stick together.  <sep>  Q: How do I stop sushi rolls from opening up? A: leaving a 1/2 inch or so of blank nori (no rice) on the outside edge  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is causing that to happen?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Short answer: no, there's no standard scale.First of all, I'm pretty sure it's common enough for stoves of varying power to use the same range of numbers. I see an awful lot of stoves that go up to 10 in the US, and I'm quite confident they're not all the same.Second, the real property of a stove is its power output, not its temperature. You can clearly see this if you go look at gas stoves - they're described in units of power (BTUs in the US, hooray). The temperature resulting from a given power will depend greatly on what you're cooking. A burner with nothing on it will have a much higher temperature than one with a heavy pot of boiling water on it. To a lesser degree, the temperature will also depend on the environment - a cooler room with some air circulation will keep the burner a bit cooler than a warm room with still air.So, if you really want to know what you're getting, you have to look up the power output of the stove - or failing that, maybe try to measure it yourself.  <sep>  Q: How hot are electric home stoves? A: Short answer: no, there's no standard scale  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: So the stove can get hotter than the sun?
Output: No
CONTEXT: For short term freezing they should be just fine as far as texture and taste are concerned. Just make sure you avoid freezer burn by wrapping them tightly in plastic wrap and then either aluminum foil or a freezer bag. If you store them more than a few months then they will start to degrade.  <sep>  Q: If you freeze sliced turkey, how does that affects its texture?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: What gives spices their flavors are the oils that they contain, along with any water soluble flavors that they might have. In a pressure cooker, your food will cook hot. What that means to your spices will vary as certain spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them. Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors, although that would seem to fly in the face of physics as you aren't reducing while pressure cooking, you are just heating steam at a higher atmosphere to transfer more heat to the food faster.As for texture, use the one that you like.  <sep>  Q: What is the difference between cooking vegetable curries in a pressure cooker and a wok? A: In a pressure cooker, your food will cook hot  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is the difference only w.r.t time consumed?
Output: No
CONTEXT: So, just answering the new part of the question:You can simply season "over the top" of the existing seasoning. To do this, you'd go through the normal seasoning process, wiping the pan with oil, heating in a 500F oven, wiping again, heating again. This will fill in the "holes" in your seasoning and you'll be able to use the pan again.However, you will also end up with somewhat rough, uneven seasoning on the bottom. This will make things more likely to stick than if you completely reseasoned the pan. You can improve this by scrubbing the bottom of the pan with a mixture of course salt and oil. This will "sand down" the seasoning without completely removing it.You should also ask yourself if maybe the original seasoning of the pan wasn't faulty, given that some of it already scrubbed off.  <sep>  Q: Is there a way to re-season a cast iron pan if I scrubbed it all off? A: You can simply season "over the top" of the existing seasoning  Q: how would I do that? A: To do this, you'd go through the normal seasoning process, wiping the pan with oil, heating in a 500F oven, wiping again, heating again  Q: Do I do anything after the heating process? A: sand down" the seasoning without completely removing it  Q: What is "sand down"###? A: scrubbing the bottom of the pan with a mixture of course salt and oil  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do I heat it again after or just rinse?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Gelatin sheets are soaked in cold-to-room-temp water in order to soften and rehydrate them slightly before stirring them into the (often hot) food. If you were to try to stir a sheet of gelatin directly into hot liquid, you'd find that it behaves a lot like cornstarch. It clumps up immediately and produces unpleasant-to-eat chunks that only a blender and a chinois have a hope of removing.You squeeze it after soaking to remove excess (unflavored) water from the exterior. Otherwise, each sheet might bring along quite a bit of water, which will seriously affect the consistency of a product you expect to set up, and might affect the taste of even something like a braise to which you are adding the gelatin just for body.  <sep>  Q: Why do we soak and squeeze gelatine?###I can only assume we use gelatine with liquids (or at least the majority of time it's to set a liquid) - so why soak it first? A: Gelatin sheets are soaked in cold-to-room-temp water in order to soften and rehydrate them slightly before stirring them into the (often hot) food  Q: And why do we then squeeze it?### I would assume it's to get rid of something but my searches return no results. A: You squeeze it after soaking to remove excess (unflavored) water from the exterior. Otherwise, each sheet might bring along quite a bit of water  Q: Oh okay###That makes sense###any other suggestions for me? A: If you were to try to stir a sheet of gelatin directly into hot liquid, you'd find that it behaves a lot like cornstarch. It clumps up immediately  Q: okay. Thats helpful to know. Thanks A: produces unpleasant-to-eat chunks that only a blender and a chinois have a hope of removing  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: thank you. Should I keep anything else in mind while using gelatin?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Put the meat in a sealed plastic bag, place in a bowl in the sink, fill with cold tapwater, then set the tap running in a thin stream with the water overflowing the sides of the bowl. The moving water will safely thaw the meat through convection. Make sure you get as much air out of the plastic bag as you can. You might need to put some weight on it in the bowl to keep it submerged in the water.  <sep>  Q: I need to quickly and safely thaw frozen ground beef, what are my options? A: Put the meat in a sealed plastic bag, place in a bowl in the sink, fill with cold tapwater, then set the tap running in a thin stream with the water overflowing the sides of the bowl  Q: Is it safe to do that way? A: The moving water will safely thaw the meat through convection  Q: Should the flowing water be hot or cold? A: ill with cold tapwater  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Can I defrost it in the microwave?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The first thing I have to say is kebabs and overcooked are synonymous. If you want all your meats and/or veggies to be cooked right, I would advise you to put each item on it's own skewer so you can take them off as they are finished.As for a broiler and broiler plate functioning as a substitute for a grill, I would say that it won't be an exact substitute, but you will at least get the high temperature cooking and caramelization you would expect from a grill (you will just be missing the smoke flavor).  <sep>  Q: Can a broiler function as a grill substitute when making kebabs? A: As for a broiler and broiler plate functioning as a substitute for a grill, I would say that it won't be an exact substitute  Q: What can it do similarly? A: you will at least get the high temperature cooking and caramelization you would expect from a grill (you will just be missing the smoke flavor  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What would I be missing compared to a grill?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: When I make a paella I never cover it, I find it keeps in too much moisture. My uncovered method is to put the fish in and cook for 10 minutes. If my mussels are small I will usually wait 2-3 minutes before putting them in, bu for "standard" mussels 10 minutes seems to work well. I use a low-medium heat on a large burner.  <sep>  Q: How long to should I cook seafood in paella? A: My uncovered method is to put the fish in and cook for 10 minutes  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How can I tell if the seafood is done?
Output: No
CONTEXT: It might be possible to dissolve the candy, and then boil it down again, foaming it with fresh baking soda when it hits the proper stage. The thing is, the candy has already got the full level of baking soda reactants (either sodium carbonate or sodium oxide) from from the first cooking, which may contribute to some off flavors.Instead, if it is enjoyable as is, I would suggest just eating it as a toffee like candy.Otherwise, chalk it up to experience and watch the temperature more closely next time.  <sep>  Q: What can I do with badly cooked honeycomb? A: dissolve the candy, and then boil it down again  Q: What temperature do I need to bring it to for it to become honeycomb? A: I would suggest just eating it as a toffee like candy  Q: Should i throw the badly cooked honeycomb away? A: chalk it up to experience and watch the temperature more closely next time  Q: Would it be a waste to through it away? A: Otherwise, chalk it up to experience and watch the temperature more closely next time  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What other candy could i make if i overcook honeycomb>
Output: No
CONTEXT: Yes that's exactly what it means, apply salt to the steak. You shouldn't coat it, but you should apply salt very liberally. It's actually hard to over-salt a steak; many inexperienced cooks actually underseason the steak.I suggest about 1 tsp per side for a good ribeye. Salt it about 10-15 minutes prior.  <sep>  Q: What does it mean to 'salt' a steak prior to frying? A: exactly what it means, apply salt to the steak. You shouldn't coat it, but you should apply salt very liberally  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there a special salt I should use?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Vegetables don't ripen. Carrots, potatoes, leafy greens, etc...They will get bigger of course and some veggies will get more bitter or woody with age. Greens will get bitter.Generally speaking veggies are better young. Carrots are particularly sweet and tender when young. Potatoes are also perfectly fine at any size.The possible exceptions would be the fruits that are labelled vegetables for cooking purposes like some squashes and tomatoes. These do need to be ripe and whether they can be ripened after picking will depend on the plant.  <sep>  Q: Do vegetables ripen like fruit? A: Vegetables don't ripen. Carrots, potatoes, leafy greens, etc  Q: Is it dangerous to eat particular vegetables before they're fully grown? A: Generally speaking veggies are better young. Carrots are particularly sweet and tender when young. Potatoes are also perfectly fine at any size  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: It's okay. Do they grow differently?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Both crispy and caramelized onions are cooked for a long time, and will be very brown. However, they are cooked slightly differently.Caramelized onions are usually cross-cut on the onion to release its moisture, and then cooked over very low heat in a crowded pan, stirring infrequently, so that they gradually release their sugars and liquid and it turns to caramel. Depending on the onions and desired result, you may even cover them, an add a little liquid and/or sugar. The end result is very soft and very sweet.Arabic-style crispy onions are cut pole-to-pole in order to avoid rupturing cells in the onions. They are then fried over medium heat in an uncrowded pan, stirring regularly. This lets them dry out and become brown and crispy, even burning on thin ends. These onions should be a mix of crispy and chewy, and more savory than sweet.  <sep>  Q: What is the difference between caramelized onions and "crispy onions"? A: Both crispy and caramelized onions are cooked for a long time, and will be very brown  Q: What is the difference in preparation between caramelized onions and crispy onions? A: Caramelized onions are usually cross-cut on the onion to release its moisture, and then cooked over very low heat in a crowded pan  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the difference in flavor between caramelized and "crispy" onions?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: One of your possible answers is pretty close to what I think is the correct one. To flavor carnitas all the way through, put them back in the braising liquid that has been reduced since cooking the pork. You can create a kind of glaze out of the braising liquid, and toss the shredded pork in that (defat the braising liquid before reducing it).BTW, I never fry carnitas. I may throw them on a greased grill, but I never deep or shallow fry them.  <sep>  Q: How can I get my flavorings to flavor my carnitas all the way through the pork? A: To flavor carnitas all the way through, put them back in the braising liquid that has been reduced since cooking the pork  Q: I'm using a recipe with oranges and milk, is that okay? A: BTW, I never fry carnitas. I may throw them on a greased grill, but I never deep or shallow fry them  Q: Would you recommend using a pressure cooker? A: You can create a kind of glaze out of the braising liquid, and toss the shredded pork in that (defat the braising liquid before reducing it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What seasonings do you use for carnitas?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: You cooked it at too low a temperature. Sous vide is intended for meat where you want the protein to remain tender. It shouldn't have any sinews. Think chicken breasts, or the long filet along the spine of a pig. This meat gets nicely cooked at 60-65Â°C (depends on the animal), and tough and dry above that. Meat marbled with sinews has to be cooked at a temperature where the sinews (collagen) melt into gelatin. This happens at about 70Â°C at least, and takes hours. Since the muscle fibres are already toughened at that temperature, there is no reason to hold it low; you can put it at full boil in a normal pot and cook it there, you just have to wait long enough. In theory, you could do it in a sous vide bath too, but you won't get any of the benefits sous vide gives to tender meat.  <sep>  Q: I tried cooking sous vide chicken and it came out tough and stringy, can you tell me why? A: Sous vide is intended for meat where you want the protein to remain tender. It shouldn't have any sinews  Q: I tried cooking it at 60C, is that the correct temperature? A: This meat gets nicely cooked at 60-65Â°C (depends on the animal), and tough and dry above that  Q: Will cooking it longer make the meat tougher? A: You cooked it at too low a temperature  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What will happen if I don't cook it long enough?
Output: No
CONTEXT: A quick and dirty way of achieving this is to microwave them for a bit. Microwave oven powers vary, so try 10 seconds first and add time as necessary. You'll find the right time for the right amount to bring your chips to nearly what they were prior to sitting out.  <sep>  Q: Can I make my chips crunchy again after they have gone soggy? A: eco  Q: For how long does it need to use in the Microwave? A: try 10 seconds first and add time as necessary  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How do I keep it from getting soggy in the first place?
Output: No
CONTEXT: A lot of sourdough recipes don't call for a sponge, per se, because the starter essentially already is a sponge. The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen in the flour before adding it to the final batch. This isn't necessary with sourdough the starter is continuously fermenting and reacting. And your guess is about right, if the proportion of starter you add is too high, the waste products and dead yeast cells in it can cause changes in the gluten that make it very slack and unusable.  <sep>  Q: How does a sourdough sponge work? A: The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen  Q: wouldn't the sourdough break down the gluten in the sponge, thereby greatly reducing the amount in the final product that you have to work with? A: your guess is about right, if the proportion of starter you add is too high  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there anything else I should know
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: It is true, in my experience. However, if your recipe does not require salt, you should not be adding it, of course. Removing moisture from onion with the aid of salt helps it reach its desired state (brown or translucent, as desired) faster.I am most familiar with the use of onion in Indian cooking. I generally add a pinch or two of salt to onion when I start sauteing it. Onion starts sweating as soon as you add salt and start stirring. The reason that salt draws out moisture from onion is osmotic pressure. The surface of the onion acts as a semipermeable membrane barrier. Since the solution outside the onion is more concentrated with respect to salt, water moves out of the onion to the general liquid side, to balance the osmotic pressure on either side of the onion surface.  <sep>  Q: Is there any advantage to adding salt to onion while frying? A: Removing moisture from onion with the aid of salt helps it reach its desired state (brown or translucent, as desired) faster  Q: Why is removing moisture from onion important, for texture? A: helps it reach its desired state (brown or translucent, as desired) faster  Q: So, timing - Is there any advantage to adding salt to onion while frying itself rather than adding it the last? A: Onion starts sweating as soon as you add salt and start stirring  Q: How much salt to add for a medium sized onion? A: add a pinch or two of salt to onion  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I was considering making a blooming onion like I've heard about with a popular restaurant, if you've ever cooked one like that?
Output: No
CONTEXT: You could try using a different types of sugar with your soy sauce, perhaps palm sugar. This has that different flavor that your probably looking for. This is also the type of sugar that is commonly used when cooking in Southeast Asian foods, such as Indonesian food. Also the type of soy sauce you are using in the first place, You might want to try a Thai or Filipino style soy sauce, different flavor components. These are probably closer to the Indonesian taste, than say Japanese soy sauces. I find them sweeter and not as salty. Just as an aside, are you finding it difficult to find this sauce? Or do you just want to try making your own?  <sep>  Q: What is a good substitute for Kecap Manis?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Absolutely! Metal skewers contribute to cooking the meat from the center as they pick up heat from the exposed parts and conduct it throughout.It is a good idea not to crowd your metal skewers with pieces of food to promote this. Not crowding the skewers also exposes more surface area for the food to caramelize. Doing this on a wooden skewer runs the risk of burning the skewers and losing food into the grill.  <sep>  Q: Do metal skewers make a considerable different cooking time than wooden? A: Absolutely! Metal skewers contribute to cooking the meat from the center as they pick up heat from the exposed parts and conduct it throughout  Q: Are wooden skewers reuseable? A: runs the risk of burning the skewers  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How do I know the food is done cooking?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The term is not really defined that way. In the strict sense, it only has meaning for lean doughs - made of only flour, water, yeast and salt, eventually preferments or later mixins like seeds. You can extend it to enriched doughs (those that have fat, milk, eggs, tomato juice, etc.) but then it is no longer sharply defined. Calculating the exact content of water (e.g. adding to the calculation 17 g of water for every 100 g of butter) are pretty useless, because the water bound in an emulsion or other kind of colloid doesn't behave the same way as free water when making a dough. So, a dough with 100 g water and 100 g butter will be extremely different from a dough with 117 g of water, and still pretty different from one with 117 g of water and 83 g of oil. So, there is no real formula any more to create an actual percentage. The concept still stays somewhat useful in this case, but you have to "play it by ear". When you are trying to judge how soft a given enriched dough will be, you can start by calculating all the liquid and fat ingredients as if they were "hydration", which gives you a rough guide to compare it to other doughs, and then you have to make it and gain a tactile understanding of how it actually behaves.  <sep>  Q: What counts as "hydration" when figuring Dough Hydration? A: The term is not really defined that way. In the strict sense, it only has meaning for lean doughs - made of only flour, water, yeast and salt  Q: do we count things like sour cream, butter, milk, eggs? A: the water bound in an emulsion or other kind of colloid doesn't behave the same way as free water when making a dough  Q: Do we count just water/liquid? A: for lean doughs  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does anything else factor in to the hydration of the dough?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I'm going with an electric slicer. The item I envisioned does not exist.Update: The housemates are happy now. They're computer geeks and love gadgets. They can now slice up their own ham and turkey to their hearts' content.The slicer takes up space, but will pay for itself in a few months. We were getting deli slices for $8 - $10 per pound. Now I can get frozen turkey breast for ~ $3 - $4 per pound, roast, slice, and freeze the excess for future weeks. ;~)  <sep>  Q: what type of slicer is best?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: What I've done in the past is mist some water on both sides of the bread slices, then put them in the microwave for 10-15 seconds (alternatively, an oven set at 300F/150C for 5-10 minutes will do it too).Experiment with the amount of water (but keep it low) and cooking times. You should get much softer (and warm) bread slices out of it.  <sep>  Q: How can I soften the texture of storebought whole-grain bread? A: What I've done in the past is mist some water on both sides of the bread slices, then put them in the microwave for 10-15 seconds  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will the bread's shelflife be diminished after spraying and microwaving it?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Yes, it can go bad.It's pretty much the same as the way flour can go bad: the fats can go rancid. Grains are mostly starch, but they contain enough fat for rancidity to be a noticeable problem. There's a huge amount of variability in how long that takes, though. If it's airtight and kept in a cool, dark place, it'll last much longer than the best before date. But if it's been exposed to air, light, or heat, it can go pretty fast, perhaps even before the best before date.So, smell it. If you detect any unpleasant smells, you probably don't want to eat it. Even if you don't smell anything obvious, it could still be subtly rancid, so if you're planning on serving it to anyone, you might want to cook a small bit to test.  <sep>  Q: Does polenta 'go off'? A: it can go bad  Q: What is an indication that it goes bad? A: If you detect any unpleasant smells, you probably don't want to eat it. Even if you don't smell anything obvious, it could still be subtly rancid  Q: Does the taste change when it goes bad? A: Grains are mostly starch, but they contain enough fat for rancidity to be a noticeable problem  Q: What else changes when it goes off? A: if you're planning on serving it to anyone, you might want to cook a small bit to test  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there a way to make it last longer?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: A pizza stone in a normal oven will only get the maximum temperature of the oven (probably not more than 280 ÂºC / 530 ÂºF).A specific pizza oven will gett hotter (the one you linked gets 390 ÂºC / 735 ÂºF and, indeed has a stone inside).If you want to get Italian style pizzas, go for the pizza oven. They need that high temperature in order to be ready in (ideally) 90 seconds. Those Ferrari ovens are one of Italian's favourite ones, albeit they'll need a bit more time than 1.5 minutes achievable in wood fired traditional pizza ovens. You (probably) won't be able to achieve those high temperatures with a normal home kitchen oven, unless you have a pyrolytic home oven, and hack it in order to cook in it during the pyrolysis cycle.As for the waiting time between pizzas using a stone, consider it as a capacitor (or a rechargeable battery): It takes heat (until is soaked up), and then gives it back. Once you make 1 pizza (or a loaf of bread), it needs to soak (a bit) again.  <sep>  Q: Differences between the oven stone and the pizza oven? A: A pizza stone in a normal oven will only get the maximum temperature of the oven  Q: Which tastes better? A: If you want to get Italian style pizzas, go for the pizza oven  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What kind of pizza should go in the stone oven?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Poaching is a gentle process - the milk isn't boiling so there is no risk of it burning or the like. It will of course not spoil in the sense of it going off, that's a totally different process.Fresh milk is better because, well, it's fresh. Powdered milk would probably work, but if you have fresh, use that.  <sep>  Q: Would using milk powder better than fresh milk when poaching? A: Fresh milk is better because, well, it's fresh. Powdered milk would probably work, but if you have fresh, use that  Q: I was wondering if the milk will be spoil if it is continuous being cooked? A: Poaching is a gentle process - the milk isn't boiling so there is no risk of it burning or the like. It will of course not spoil in the sense of it going off, that's a totally different process  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there any other recommendations or suggestions that you could give me?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Very simply, bake it for the recommended time in the recipe. Then if it looks golden brown (note that if the air in the oven is not humid enough the bread may stay pale, on a side note a humid oven helps to develop a good crust), tap it in on it's base and if it sounds hollow its done. If it feels soft in the base and not hollow or If its still not golden brown, put it back in the oven for a few minutes then try the tap check again. Although you stated you dislike the thermometer technique, for others reading the bread should have an internal temperature of 200F or 94C, if not return it to the oven for a few minutes until it is.  <sep>  Q: How can you know that your bread is done?###Most bread recipes give an estimate to how long that bread must bake A: Very simply, bake it for the recommended time in the recipe  Q: However, I find it hard to check whether it's done or not. ###Most bread recipes give an estimate to how long that bread must bake A: tap it in on it's base and if it sounds hollow its done  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will this work on all breads?
Output: No
CONTEXT: There are a couple of things you can do to prevent sugar crystallising. You can add some glucose syrup, or you can 'invert' the sugar by adding some acid, namely cream of tartar. Both should be readily available, online if not at your supermarket. Cream of tartar is also useful when making meringue.  <sep>  Q: How can I prevent simple syrup from crystallizing? A: There are a couple of things you can do to prevent sugar crystallising  Q: well when I store it in the fridge it seems to crystallize A: You can add some glucose syrup, or you can 'invert' the sugar by adding some acid, namely cream of tartar  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: When do you add the acid?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Everyone gave thoughtful and helpful answers, but when I went to get to cooking this weekend, I discovered that the problem I've been experiencing was actually another issue altogether. My problem was undercooking, plain and simple. I did incorporate Dani and ChernoffDad's techniques, and I can't say that they didn't help. However, the samples I tasted partway through cooking were not unlike my typical results. It was after extended cooking that these guys really softened up to my liking.  <sep>  Q: What is the trick to making fluffy matzo balls? A: extended cooking  Q: Is this the way to make them light and fluffy? A: My problem was undercooking, plain and simple  Q: Will I be able to eat with a knife and fork? A: o  Q: Do you think I will lose flavor if I use seltzer water? A: liki  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is matza ball soup good for a cold?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Apparently the chicken haddie plant had fire damage and we have not been able to buy it for over a year now in New Brunswick, Canada. I too grew up with it for making the best fish cakes. Anyway, the plant is up and running again as of January 2012 and I've been buying at Sobeys.  <sep>  Q: Are chicken haddies still available? A: the plant is up and running again as of January 2012  Q: Where exactly is it located? A: New Brunswick, Canada  Q: Do you know exactly what companie?###companies*? A: I've been buying at Sobeys  Q: Do you get good ones over there? A: I too grew up with it for making the best fish cakes  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Have you ever tried its chowder?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: For cheese cakes water bath makes more sense cause you want to avoid burning of the batter by keeping the heat contact directly from the tray.For brownies the contact of the hot plate is required, and that is how you get a little solid outer part.When you try to water bath brownies, they would have more or less like cheese cake texture, I actually tried it.  <sep>  Q: Can a water bath be used to bake brownies? A: When you try to water bath brownies, they would have more or less like cheese cake texture, I actually tried it  Q: Can the same concept be used for cheese cakes? A: For cheese cakes water bath makes more sense cause you want to avoid burning of the batter by keeping the heat contact directly from the tray  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: With water evaporating, will this make the environment in the oven too humid and interfere with the batter?
Output: No
CONTEXT: To get ground seeds I usually pound the whole pods once or twice in a mortar. The seeds should separate from the husk easily then. Remove the entire pod from the mortar, and grind the seeds.Is this recipe for a marinade? You might get away with just crushing the pods, not separating the husk and seeds.  <sep>  Q: Recipe asks for 15 cardamom pods, crushed...do I keep the shells? A: To get ground seeds I usually pound the whole pods once or twice in a mortar. The seeds should separate from the husk easily then  Q: Do I use the shells or dispose of them? A: Remove the entire pod from the mortar, and grind the seeds  Q: Is it easy to crush the pod? A: The seeds should separate from the husk easily  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How should I store the cardamom after it's crushed?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Both crispy and caramelized onions are cooked for a long time, and will be very brown. However, they are cooked slightly differently.Caramelized onions are usually cross-cut on the onion to release its moisture, and then cooked over very low heat in a crowded pan, stirring infrequently, so that they gradually release their sugars and liquid and it turns to caramel. Depending on the onions and desired result, you may even cover them, an add a little liquid and/or sugar. The end result is very soft and very sweet.Arabic-style crispy onions are cut pole-to-pole in order to avoid rupturing cells in the onions. They are then fried over medium heat in an uncrowded pan, stirring regularly. This lets them dry out and become brown and crispy, even burning on thin ends. These onions should be a mix of crispy and chewy, and more savory than sweet.  <sep>  Q: What is the difference between caramelized onions and "crispy onions"? A: Both crispy and caramelized onions are cooked for a long time, and will be very brown  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Are crispy onions preferable to use for the dish Mujaddara?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Either oil will work just fine for infusing with chillies, at the end of the day just about any cooking oil will work. Infusing oil with chilli won't change its cooking properties, and both those oils will store fine long-term. If you are going to go for a cold infusion then it's highly recommended that you dry your chillies first so you get a long lasting result. If you don't dry them they will get mushy and rot in the oil, which isn't very pleasant. Drying them in your oven will stink up your house big-time, but it's worth it. Alternatively you can make chili strings with them and they will air dry, or you can freeze them for years and they'll stay good.  <sep>  Q: Appropriate oil to infuse with hot chillies A: at the end of the day just about any cooking oil will work  Q: Are there any reasons not to use cold-pressed rapeseed oil? A: dry your chillies  Q: Is there anything I need to know about storage? A: you can make chili strings  Q: Why will my chillies get mushy if I don't dry them? A: rot in the oil  Q: Does the type of oil I use affect the flavour absorption? A: Infusing oil with chilli won't change its cooking properties  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there anything else I've missed in getting ready to make my own infused oils?
Output: No
CONTEXT: rfusca already gave very good suggestions for the literal question from the title. However, you can also address your problem the other way round. First, cook the soup until your noodles are al dente (but will become just right while cooling at a normal speed). Take the big pot of soup off the heat. Second, take a small pot, and fill it with just one portion of soup per eater. Put it on the heat, and cook until the noodles are done. (Alternatively, put the single portions into porcelain bowls and microwave until the noodles are ready - it spares you washing an additional pot, but I wouldn't nuke a good soup for no reason). Third, eat your cooked soup portions and let the big pot of soup slowly cool on its own. Fourth, freeze the soup from the big pot. Finis. Note that from a food safety point of view, you are better off with flash cooling the soup. But what I outlined here is probably much simple and hassle-free. Plus, 2-3 liters of soup minus a portion or two should spend less than the magical 4 hours in the danger zone while cooling. If you are doing this with a very big pot of soup and feeding lots of people, you should probably prefer a rapid cooling.  <sep>  Q: How can I stop the cooking in my chicken and noodle soup? My problem is that while I'm waiting for the left-over soup to cool off, the noodles get overcooked
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I have seen this happening more than once. While I don't know the whole theory behind it, each time it happened, there was something just below the hole, let's call it "the lump". What I think happens is that the lump is too heavy. When the batter below it tries to rise, it doesn't have the strength to push up the lump. This could be combined with differences in heat transfer throughout the batter vs. on the batter-lump transition in preventing rising (I am certain they exist, but I don't know whether they have an effect at all). The result is a hole where the batter didn't rise, surrounded by nicely risen batter. As to where the lump comes from: you say "chocolate and pear cake". If you have pear pieces in the batter, right under the surface, they can do this. I have certainly seen it happen when the recipe includes fruit pieces in the batter. If there are no pear pieces, my second guess is badly dissolved flour. The directions for this type of cake normally include folding the whites very gently, and generally erring on the side of too little whisking. This could contribute to uneven batter texture, resulting in lumps. In the second case, the cake may have some less-than-pleasant pieces, but will still be mostly good. If it is fruit, the holes are purely a cosmetic problem. So not much harm done either way, unless you are shooting for a prize at a baking competition.  <sep>  Q: I baked a chocolate and pear cake whose batter is made with yolks, sugar, butter, melted chocolate and amaretti, flour and baking powder and whisked whites. It was (not very evenly) divided in two layers, sandwiching a layer of pear pieces pre-cooked in rum.### My question is: what are the holes due to? A: I have seen this happening more than once. While I don't know the whole theory behind it, each time it happened, there was something just below the hole, let's call it "the lump  Q: Uneven division of batter? A: What I think happens is that the lump is too heavy. When the batter below it tries to rise, it doesn't have the strength to push up the lump  Q: How can this be prevented A: folding the whites very gently, and generally erring on the side of too little whisking  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any other suggestions?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Technically, this is "buttermilk" - the milk left over from churning butter.Of course, this is sweet buttermilk, so it won't really work for most recipes calling for buttermilk (they assume the cultured version, which is acidic, and has that purpose in recipes).For sweet buttermilk, you can just drink it. You can use it in cooking, much like milk - perhaps closer to skimmed milk, since much of the fat (butter) has been removed. You could maybe make cheese with it, if you want, though it will be a lower fat cheese.You can take your chances making cultured buttermilk the old fashioned way (leave it until it's "soured"), if you don't mind the risk. You can culture your own buttermilk - I've had success taking regular store bought buttermilk, and adding a glug of that to milk to culture it (or pouring milk into the freshly emptied bottle and letting it sit), or else you can find the actual culture used (look for places with cheesemaking cultures as a starting point and refine your search from there). The last may only be worthwhile if you're planning to make buttermilk regularly, otherwise it's a lot of effort for a one-time product.  <sep>  Q: What to do with leftover cream after churning butter? A: You can use it in cooking  Q: What could I make with it?###Anything besides cheese?###Is it basically just milk? A: You can culture your own buttermilk  Q: Is butter milk just a buttery milk that you just drink? A: Technically, this is "buttermilk" - the milk left over from churning butter  Q: How do you do that? A: I've had success taking regular store bought buttermilk, and adding a glug of that to milk to culture it (or pouring milk into the freshly emptied bottle and letting it sit  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How much is a glug?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Some of the volatile flavors will be diminished, but I've managed to make fairly good drinks with the help of mint that I kept frozen. In my experience, freezer burn starts to become visible after two or three months, and starts to harm flavor probably around 4-6 months.I'm not sure preparing the drink will work really well, but if you just defrost the drink in the refrigerator, it probably won't be terrible. Active thawing with heat will probably cause some harm. Many infusions and teas become a bit cloudy and lose color after bottling or freezing, which is why most bottled teas use an enzyme (not usually a listed ingredient) designed to mitigate that.  <sep>  Q: Would freezing affect the flavour of mint tea? A: Some of the volatile flavors will be diminished, but I've managed to make fairly good drinks with the help of mint that I kept frozen  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: WOULD YOU USE THE STEMS AS WELL?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Absolutely! Metal skewers contribute to cooking the meat from the center as they pick up heat from the exposed parts and conduct it throughout.It is a good idea not to crowd your metal skewers with pieces of food to promote this. Not crowding the skewers also exposes more surface area for the food to caramelize. Doing this on a wooden skewer runs the risk of burning the skewers and losing food into the grill.  <sep>  Q: Do metal skewers make a considerable different cooking time than wooden? A: Absolutely! Metal skewers contribute to cooking the meat from the center as they pick up heat from the exposed parts and conduct it throughout  Q: Are wooden skewers reuseable? A: runs the risk of burning the skewers  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there a difference in flavor cooking on one versus the other?
Output: No
CONTEXT: You need to ferment in a cool place, so you can only ferment pickles in the monsoon season when temperatures are down, or inside a house with A.C.Vegetables turn soft if it's too hot. Taste and feel is important here. Soft vegetables are the biggest problem if it's too hot. On the 3rd day it is good to place in the fridge to slow the fermenting, if you can. Crocks may be wrapped in burlap, palm dry, & kept wet in a cool shade place with breeze. Cloudy days are a big help. Place a plate on top of crock to keep insects dirt out. So it can be done with care. I'm in the South Phillipines, and it seems to work on the shady side of the house under the second floor A.C., where dripwater hits a wrapped crock, along with the breeze in the monsoon season.  <sep>  Q: Hi there, I've got a question about pickles A: You need to ferment  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I'm living in a tropical region, and I've heard that warm temperatures are not conducive to pickling, is there a way I can still ferment pickles in the heat?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Put the meat in a sealed plastic bag, place in a bowl in the sink, fill with cold tapwater, then set the tap running in a thin stream with the water overflowing the sides of the bowl. The moving water will safely thaw the meat through convection. Make sure you get as much air out of the plastic bag as you can. You might need to put some weight on it in the bowl to keep it submerged in the water.  <sep>  Q: I need to quickly and safely thaw frozen ground beef, what are my options? A: Put the meat in a sealed plastic bag, place in a bowl in the sink, fill with cold tapwater, then set the tap running in a thin stream with the water overflowing the sides of the bowl  Q: Is it safe to do that way? A: The moving water will safely thaw the meat through convection  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Should the flowing water be hot or cold?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Parsley is both a flavoring herb and a decorative element for plating the finished dish. By adding it during the cooking, it imparts flavor to the shrimp. By adding it to the finished dish, it provides color and flavor. The cooked parsley will have a slightly different taste to it than the fresh parsley. This is how cooks layer the flavors in a dish.TB stands for Tablespoon.  <sep>  Q: Why in this one recipe parsley is used in 2 different ways? A: Parsley is both a flavoring herb and a decorative element for plating the finished dish  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will it taste different depending on the preparations?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: My own sugar cookie recipe is quite dry as well. It cracks along the edges when pressed or rolled and is easily "broken".I've never experienced a problem with the dough being so dry it doesn't take to cookie cutters, but if your dough is literally falling apart you may want to just spritz (or in the absence of a kitchen water spray bottle, sprinkle with your finger tips) cold water on it. (Like adding water to pie dough) Give it one sprinkle/spritz and kneed it in. Repeat until it just stops breaking. Don't go overboard and make it gooey.I'd use water over oil or milk because it's the least likely to change the structure of your cookie in the baking process. Such minuscule amounts of water shouldn't yield a detectable change in the end product.If this is a consistent problem with the recipe, in the future I'd decrease the flour by a tablespoon or two and see if that helps.  <sep>  Q: I am not the best baker, how can I fix my dry crumbly cookie dough? A: My own sugar cookie recipe is quite dry as well. It cracks along the edges when pressed or rolled and is easily "broken  Q: yes as I roll it the dough is very dry, is there anything I can do to fix it? A: if your dough is literally falling apart you may want to just spritz (or in the absence of a kitchen water spray bottle, sprinkle with your finger tips) cold water on it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: okay great, I do let it chill also, is there any length of time I should let it chill for?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I would strongly suggest not pouring cold or any other kind of water on pasta; it will rinse the delicious starches off its surface, which would otherwise help your sauce cling to it.To counteract the negative consequences of overcooking due to remaining heat (which, as belisarius suggests in his answer, is the reason other stuff is often rinsed with cold water), just serve it immediately. You want to have the sauce (hot and) ready just before your pasta is, so you can drain the pasta, mix with the sauce, and put it on the table.  <sep>  Q: Should I pour cold water on pasta after cooking it? A: I would strongly suggest not pouring cold or any other kind of water on pasta  Q: Why is that? A: it will rinse the delicious starches off its surface, which would otherwise help your sauce cling to it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any other advice for boiling pasta?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Wood for culinary uses should be oiled with food grade vegetable oilThe olive oil from you pizza dough should be enough to keep it fine for many yearsWhen not being used, make sure it is stored some where dark, dry, and not too warm. Make sure it is 100% clean and dry before you put it away  <sep>  Q: How do you protect a pizza peel? A: Wood for culinary uses should be oiled with food grade vegetable oil  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Can I use a different type of oil?
Output: Yes