niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
CONTEXT: Firstly - shop-bought "packet" bread will keep for several days because it contains a lot of preservatives.In his excellent book Bread Matters, Andrew Whitley claims that home-made sourdough breads with very long rises have better keeping properties than home-made bread made with baker's yeast and short rises. This, he claims, is because the sourdough yeast cultivates a culture of friendly bacteria and an acid environment, all of which become natural preservatives. My experience seems to confirm this.Bread recipes containing egg, oil or milk tend to keep for longer than those without.As @SAJ14SAJ says, bread freezes very well. Loss of flavour in the freezer is not a commonly recognised phenomenon.One option is to slice a loaf of bread, bag it and freeze it. Take as many slices as you need at a time. It will defrost very quickly at room temperature, due to its low mass and high surface area.Another option is to make rolls, part-bake, and freeze. When you need them, take as many rolls as you need from the freezer, and place in the oven, to both defrost and complete the baking. You will get fresh baking smells and flavours from this.I suspect that home-made unleavened breads (pita, chapati, tortilla), without added preservatives, will not last long out of the freezer. Their advantage is that with no rise, they are so quick to make that they can be made fresh on-demand.  <sep>  Q: What kind of homemade sandwich bread or wrap lasts longest? A: Firstly - shop-bought "packet" bread will keep for several days because it contains a lot of preservatives  Q: But what lasts best that is homemade? A: In his excellent book Bread Matters, Andrew Whitley claims that home-made sourdough breads  Q: What can I do to make homemade bread last longer? A: Bread recipes containing egg, oil or milk tend to keep for longer than those without  Q: How should I store it? A: bread freezes very well  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will it lose flavor if I freeze it?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: As long as they aren't spoiled they'll be fine for a crumble/crisp/cobbler. You'll want to have someone else taste them to make sure first. They may need less sugar and less or no precooking. If they are really, really mushy then you might want to add some firmer plums or other fruit to give some texture.  <sep>  Q: Are mushy plums OK to use in cooking? A: As long as they aren't spoiled they'll be fine for a crumble/crisp/cobbler  Q: I have some plums that have started to go soft and squishy. How do I tell if they are still OK? A: You'll want to have someone else taste them to make sure first  Q: You mean mushy plums? A: If they are really, really mushy then you might want to add some firmer plums or other fruit to give some texture  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Would you know what kind of fruits I could add to it?
Output: No
CONTEXT: ...as long as it needs to, depending on a wide variety of factors.You can shape it for baking, put it in the fridge, let it rise, pull it out of the fridge and put it in the oven - no warming up time at all. If you are going to punch down/knead/form after it comes out of the fridge, you can do all that cold, and let it rise as long as it needs to before baking - which will depend on the dough and the room temperature.Or you can let the bulk dough warm a while.  <sep>  Q: How long should bread dough warm up after cold fermentation?###I'm trying to experiment with cold fermentation. I've put dough in the fridge and I see that it slowed down. A: as long as it needs to, depending on a wide variety of factors  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: However how long should it ferment afterward before final kneading - is ~10 hours out of the fridge good enough (this way I can put it out before I go to work and bake after I return)?###
Output: No
CONTEXT: There are a couple of things you can do to prevent sugar crystallising. You can add some glucose syrup, or you can 'invert' the sugar by adding some acid, namely cream of tartar. Both should be readily available, online if not at your supermarket. Cream of tartar is also useful when making meringue.  <sep>  Q: How can I prevent simple syrup from crystallizing? A: There are a couple of things you can do to prevent sugar crystallising  Q: well when I store it in the fridge it seems to crystallize A: You can add some glucose syrup, or you can 'invert' the sugar by adding some acid, namely cream of tartar  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Ok, how long should I expect the simple syrup to keep?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Flour is a thickening agent, plain and simple. However adding it without cooking it first can lead to your dish having a raw flour taste, and you can get blobs of flour in it, so I would ignore the recipes which say coat with flour without cooking it first, or use cornstarch (cornflour) instead. Alternatively you can make a roux with flour in a separate pan and add it in later. This is simply mixing equal weights of flour and butter and cooking it in a frying pan until it has the color you want. A lighter roux will add a paler color and a milder flavor, a darker roux adds a deeper color and richer flavor.  <sep>  Q: Have you ever made a ragout? A: Alternatively you can make a roux  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do I have to roll the meat in flour when I make a ragout?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: If you live in Poland, you should easily find the "normal" white ones in your supermarket. They should be good for baked beans, although the British version uses white beans that are a bit smaller. For more American style beans, you could also use the pinkish-brown or spotted type.There are so many types of beans, that I can't give a specific "name". Stick with the smaller ones, as they have less starchy parts and usually keep their shape better.  <sep>  Q: What bean species are best for baked beans? A: There are so many types of beans, that I can't give a specific "name". Stick with the smaller ones, as they have less starchy parts and usually keep their shape better  Q: So you recommend any specific type of beans? A: For more American style beans, you could also use the pinkish-brown or spotted type  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you have any other advice you can give me on bean species?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Allowing dough to rise twice results in a finer gluten structure than allowing it to rise once. It results in a smaller crumb and prevents huge gaping airholes in your bread. The reason that you have to let it re-rise is that you just pushed all the air out with the kneading you did developing that gluten structure.  <sep>  Q: Why let dough rise twice? A: Allowing dough to rise twice results in a finer gluten structure than allowing it to rise once  Q: When making bread, why do recipes say to let the dough rise twice instead of once?###How does a firmer gluten texture help? A: The reason that you have to let it re-rise is that you just pushed all the air out with the kneading you did developing that gluten structure  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Would the recipe still work if I don't let it rise at all?
Output: No
CONTEXT: As far as I can see, you don't defrost the pie before baking in the recipe so some of the time in the oven would just be defrosting the pie; so this could be done in advance by bringing it out of the freezer an hour and a half before baking say. As the chicken is already cooked it looks like all you're doing is cooking the pastry so you could just use thinner pastry which would cook quicker, or better you could use layers of phyllo pasty which would cook a lot quicker but of course wouldn't puff up like the puff pastry.If you follow this it could probably bake for just 25 minutes or there about.Hope this helps!  <sep>  Q: Can I par-bake this pot pie recipe?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Thanks for adding the photo, Ford, as I think I know what it is. Although your photo is nicely focused, it's not the real thing so I can't be 100% sure. It looks to be the built up bits of grease and other residues from the bottom of your cooking pans that have accumulated over the 5 years. Not saying you slopped lots but the smallest amounts of spatter from cooking will add up. I moved 6 months ago into a place with a new stove and I've done my best not to spill food and to always wipe up right away but I've noticed the burners getting marked. It doesn't wash off either. Do you find the elements you cook on the most are more marked?But to answer your original question whether the scratches affect the burners' performance, the answer is no. All they need to be able to do is heat up and even a knick in the metal wouldn't stop it from heating.  <sep>  Q: Do scratches on electric range burner elements affect its performance or function? A: the answer is no  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there a way to replace the coating on the heating elements?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If you live in Poland, you should easily find the "normal" white ones in your supermarket. They should be good for baked beans, although the British version uses white beans that are a bit smaller. For more American style beans, you could also use the pinkish-brown or spotted type.There are so many types of beans, that I can't give a specific "name". Stick with the smaller ones, as they have less starchy parts and usually keep their shape better.  <sep>  Q: What bean species are best for baked beans? A: There are so many types of beans, that I can't give a specific "name". Stick with the smaller ones, as they have less starchy parts and usually keep their shape better  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: So you recommend any specific type of beans?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: With online meat shopping in the UK you have to go with the reputation of the source, there's no grading system which you can refer to. Top end butchers and grocery stores carry top end beef, and most of the time you do get what you pay for. Many supermarket chains have premium labels, ie Tesco Finest and Sainsbury's Taste The Difference, which are definitely much better than their regular stuff, but I think the best mainstream grocery store premium brand for meat is Coop. At the end of the day there's no substitute for getting your own eyes on the meat you are buying, so I would recommend you try local butcher shops. There's still plenty of them around in the UK, and the quality varies dramatically. There are some that will pawn off legs of lamb that are about to turn, and others which control their entire supply chain and have some of the best meat in the world. You just have to try a few and see.  <sep>  Q: As a consumer in the UK, how can I choose well marbled beef? A: Top end butchers and grocery stores carry top end beef, and most of the time you do get what you pay for  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Since meat is heavy, I prefer to make my purchases online, do you know of a good online source?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The enamel is brittle, especially when scratched. cast iron is often cheaper. They clean differently: stainless is initially a little harder to clean, but polishes with use making cleaning easier. Food initially sticks less to enamel, but scratches and cracks change this. using steel wool to clean stainless improves the finish, using it to clean enamel scratches the finish. If you are gentle with enamel it should last decades,stainless will survive children beating on it with almost anything, and can be passed to your grandchildren. thinner metal will heat quicker and cool quicker, but will develop hot spots. Thicker metal will heat more evenly, but heats and cools slower.  <sep>  Q: I'd like to buy myself the best roasting pan and I'm stuck on whether to get an Enameled Cast Iron or a thicker Stainless Steel/tri-ply type pan. I'm looking for the pro/cons of each, and any personal experience with either variety. A: The enamel is brittle, especially when scratched. cast iron is often cheaper. They clean differently: stainless is initially a little harder to clean, but polishes with use making cleaning easier  Q: Which is better for cooking versus cooking food?###Sorry###I mean, which is better for cleaning vs cooking food A: Food initially sticks less to enamel, but scratches and cracks change this. using steel wool to clean stainless improves the finish, using it to clean enamel scratches the finish  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is you use some type of cooking oil or butter to cook the food?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I can see this as being similar to a sweet potato pie. Best bet in that case would be to cook the carrots, then puree and mix with eggs, milk, etc. just as if it were a sweet potato or pumpkin pie.Two alternatives that come to mind would be to treat it like a fruit pie, as you say. Because of the texture of the carrots, I would grate them with the large holes on a box grater, toss with sugar, raisins, some tapioca and whatever spices your heart leads you toward.An alternative would be to make a molded gelatin like pie, similar to a refrigerator lime pie. Lots of gelatin and grated carrots. I, personally, wouldn't like it, but I am not fond of jello with carrots in it either.Happy experimenting.  <sep>  Q: I want to experiment with making a carrot pie, but should I make the filling a custard-style or a stew-style? A: I can see this as being similar to a sweet potato pie  Q: What would be the best option to use the characteristics of the carrots to create a great flavor and texture? A: Because of the texture of the carrots, I would grate them with the large holes on a box grater  Q: Should I add raisins or fruit syrup for flavor? A: toss with sugar, raisins, some tapioca and whatever spices your heart leads you toward  Q: Do you have baking suggestions, such as temperature and time? A: cook the carrots, then puree and mix with eggs, milk, etc. just as if it were a sweet potato or pumpkin pie  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will the color stay bright orange?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I'm not a professional fudger, but here is my theory: one should add it to the boiling mixture. The reason is that butter has milk solids that are said to âburnâ at low temperatures (somewhere in the range 120C-150C or 250F-300F) which just above the soft ball stage (113C or 235F) needed for making fudge. I interpret the burning to mean that those milk solids (sugars and proteins) get a chance to contribute to the Maillard reaction that gives caramel (and its grained cousin the fudge) its great and rich flavor. Given how unique and varied the flavors arising from butter are, I would not want to miss their contribution by adding them after the heat is gone.  <sep>  Q: How is butter used in fudge? A: one should add it to the boiling mixture  Q: My main question here is Why do some recipes put the butter ON the fudge once its hot whereas the professional videos (i.e. youtube mackinac fudge shops) seem to show the butter in the boiling mix? A: The reason is that butter has milk solids that are said to âburnâ at low temperatures (somewhere in the range 120C-150C or 250F-300F) which just above the soft ball stage  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does fudge need to be refrigerated?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Wooden blocks are ideal for knife storage because they keep the blades dry (the wood absorbs some of the humidity in the air), preventing rusting. The motion of inserting and withdrawing blades over wood will not noticeably dull them, because you're not actually cutting the wood or indeed even applying any pressure as you do so.A good tip is to use a good quality steel to sharpen your knives with just one or two passes on each side before each use. Wash them with hot water by hand, avoiding dishwashers unless you like replacing your knives annually, then return them to the block once they're fully dried.  <sep>  Q: Does putting knives in a wooden block blade down wear out the blade? A: The motion of inserting and withdrawing blades over wood will not noticeably dull them, because you're not actually cutting the wood or indeed even applying any pressure as you do so  Q: Is there anything else I should know about this? A: A good tip is to use a good quality steel to sharpen your knives with just one or two passes on each side before each use  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Ok, is there any other way to sharpen a knife?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If it's a small spot you can rub half a lemon on it till it's gone. If the entire inside has darkened you can fill it with water, add several tablespoons of cream of tartar (2 per quart) and boil it for 10 minutes.You can also buy aluminum cleaner, but the do it yourself is typically cheaper.In case you're wondering why I'm suggesting an acid for cleaning. It's actually alkali foods that stained your pot, not acidic. e.g. boiling potatoes. Acid actually cleans the spots put there by alkali foods. The common warning against cooking acidic foods in an aluminum pot is to prevent excessive amounts of aluminum being leeched into your food.  <sep>  Q: How do I clean my unanodized aluminium pot? A: If it's a small spot you can rub half a lemon on it till it's gone  Q: Is acidic food bad for the pot? A: In case you're wondering why I'm suggesting an acid for cleaning. It's actually alkali foods that stained your pot, not acidic. e.g. boiling potatoes  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does the stain affect the use of the pot?
Output: No
CONTEXT: What country are you in?Every country has some edible insects. Most are terrible. some are toxic, or have toxic parts that must be removed first. This knowledge is hard won, and not readily available. Traditional local people are your best source of information (though the Coke and McD's culture has killed that in most parts of the world)In New Zealand they have the Huhu grub, and in Australia the Witchetty grub. Both of which are edible raw or cooked (roasted on hot coals for a few minutes). They have slightly nutty flavoursThese are both soft wood eating larvae around 5 to 10 cm in length, quite plump and juicy. Such insects can be found around the world. But not all are edible  <sep>  Q: How to cook insects? A: What country are you in  Q: I love touring and I am trying to cut my dependency on my protein sources such as soy powder, beans and other supermarket stuff.### Touring is a bit like camping but with longer distances and a bike. A: In New Zealand they have the Huhu grub, and in Australia the Witchetty grub. Both of which are edible raw or cooked (roasted on hot coals  Q: So how do you cook insects? A: roasted on hot coals for a few minutes  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I carry a storm heater, which runs on ethanol-stuff, and a small bottle of oil.### How would you cook insects with such equipments?
Output: No
CONTEXT: It's hard to say exactly how long it will take to overprove because there are many variables involved - the amount of yeast, salt and enrichment in your dough, and the room temperature for example. However, it should be fine to ferment overnight, if you cover it well and put it in the fridge.  <sep>  Q: How long will a bread ferment last before it is no good? A: it should be fine to ferment overnight, if you cover it well and put it in the fridge.  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What do I have to add to it before fermentation?
Output: No
CONTEXT: In Rome I was informed that I was eating a croissant with honey on top (after informing my host that I had a honey allergy). It had the sweetness that I suspect you're experiencing. To help you determine if we were trying the same thing: the croissant I had was shiny and slightly sticky on top, and it seemed more like it was brushed on top rather than drizzled. That would support @Carmi's answer that it was brushed on with the egg. It was definitely honey, though, not sugar syrup.  <sep>  Q: What ingredient adds the sweetness on Croissants in Europe?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: First off, the ISO standard is not intended to produce a good cup of tea. It is designed to produce a consistent one for taste testing, so that no tea manufacturer can claim that his tea wasn't made "properly".It's title is "Tea -- Preparation of liquor for use in sensory tests"As for the actual tea making, yes, leaving the bag in longer will make a stronger cup of tea. The concentration of caffeine (along with flavour molecules and everything else) will slowly trend towards an equal concentration in the leaf and in the water. The longer you leave the tea bag/leaves in the water, the closer to equilibrium you will get.There are other factors that affect this, such as the temperature of the water, cut of the leaves, bag versus loose leaf and so on, but the trend is always towards equilibrium as time progresses.I'm not sure where the upper limit of this lies, but I think that once the cup is cold there's no point in it anyway. Thus, leaving the bag in for an hour is a bit much. I usually steep my tea for 3-6 minutes, depending on how strong I want it to be.  <sep>  Q: Does brewing tea for longer result in higher caffeine content? A: The concentration of caffeine (along with flavour molecules and everything else) will slowly trend towards an equal concentration in the leaf and in the water  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will there be more caffeine if I leave it in for 1 hour or 1 day?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: For several years, I've been putting canola in a plastic squeeze spray bottle and using that.I do not recommend 'vegatable' oil, which in the USA is usually 100% soy oil and I have found that it gums up and can leave a difficult to clean residueYes, my system can apply too much and do so unevenly too. just use a paper towel to wipe off ecess and even out.Far cheaper with canola priced at about $5 per US gallon versus 8 oz of generic aerosol spray at $1.99  <sep>  Q: How can I make homemade cooking spray? A: For several years, I've been putting canola in a plastic squeeze spray bottle and using that  Q: I think I tried to put oil in a spray bottle before and I don't recall it working very well? A: I do not recommend 'vegatable' oil, which in the USA is usually 100% soy oil and I have found that it gums up and can leave a difficult to clean residue  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Have you had good results using a spray bottle?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: There's not really anything easy you can do. Even adding lemon zest or essence isn't really going to help; it'll just give you a lemony but still sweet cake. I suppose theoretically you could add sour things, since that does tend to balance out sweetness, but it's tricky since acid will interact with the leavening. A sour icing, or a sour sauce to serve it with, might be a better bet in that vein.So unfortunately, you'd be best off shopping around for cake mixes that are more the level of sweetness you want. You might be able to use the nutrition facts to help get a sense of how sweet they are before you buy them.  <sep>  Q: How can I make cake mix less sweet? A: theoretically you could add sour things  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Could I add flour?
Output: No
CONTEXT: For protection against heat, you can stabalize the milk with starches. (eg, a white sauce made with milk won't curdle, even if you boil it). I unfortunately don't know how much you'd have to add, and of course, it'll end up affecting the texture of your soup).For soups, you're likely better off making a corn starch/milk slurry before adding the milk, so you don't have to cook it like you would flour to get rid of the raw flour taste.You may also want to consider the heat that you're cooking the soup at -- you likely want a low simmer, not a full boil.  <sep>  Q: If I'm using milk as an ingredient in soup, how can I prevent it from curdling? A: For protection against heat, you can stabalize the milk with starches. (eg, a white sauce made with milk won't curdle, even if you boil it  Q: What starches can I stabilize it with? A: For soups, you're likely better off making a corn starch  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Why is a corn starch better for soups?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I would have tried using semolina, polenta, or grits. If the grind was too big you could always use a small coffee grinder to get it a bit finer.Corn muffin mix generally has other additives like sugar, baking powder or soda, so you probably wouldn't have wanted to use that on the outside of your bagels!  <sep>  Q: Bagels: Alternative to corn meal on the baking sheet?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Orange and lemon cakes are classics, so there shouldn't be any problem making those layers. I'm not entirely sure how you'd go about making the others, but there should be a way to incorporate fruit puree into cake batter so that the cakes still rise and set.Blueberry, blackberry and raspberry can all be added whole or slightly chopped into a cake (think blueberry muffins), although they do make it moister so you'd want to be careful it doesn't end up too wet. This might work for kiwi and strawberry but I've never tried it with anything like those.You might need a bit of food colouring if you want to emphasise the visual aspects of rainbow layers.  <sep>  Q: Would a fruit cocktail flavoured cake work? A: Orange and lemon cakes are classics  Q: What other idea do you have on baking cakes? A: I'm not entirely sure how you'd go about making the others, but there should be a way to incorporate fruit puree into cake batter so that the cakes still rise and set  Q: Do you have any idea on baking Cinderella princess cake? A: Blueberry, blackberry and raspberry can all be added whole or slightly chopped into a cake  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What can I do to layers of cake to make it taste fruity?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The easiest solution that comes to mind would be to figure out how much you need for a sandwich, remove that from the jar, set it on the counter to come to room temp (or put it in the microwave for 10-15 seconds) and then spread it when it's warmed up. "Refrigerate after opening" doesn't mean that it must be in the fridge every second, though... so even if you left the entire jar on the counter for 30 minutes to warm up, it shouldn't pose much of a problem.  <sep>  Q: What's the easy way to spread peanut butter that is required to stay refrigerated? A: The easiest solution that comes to mind would be to figure out how much you need for a sandwich, remove that from the jar, set it on the counter to come to room temp  Q: Would that be safe since it says must be refrigerated? A: Refrigerate after opening" doesn't mean that it must be in the fridge every second  Q: Is there anything else you can tell me about this type of peanut butter? A: even if you left the entire jar on the counter for 30 minutes to warm up, it shouldn't pose much of a problem  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Okay, so you think 30 minutes would not effect the quality?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: It is true, in my experience. However, if your recipe does not require salt, you should not be adding it, of course. Removing moisture from onion with the aid of salt helps it reach its desired state (brown or translucent, as desired) faster.I am most familiar with the use of onion in Indian cooking. I generally add a pinch or two of salt to onion when I start sauteing it. Onion starts sweating as soon as you add salt and start stirring. The reason that salt draws out moisture from onion is osmotic pressure. The surface of the onion acts as a semipermeable membrane barrier. Since the solution outside the onion is more concentrated with respect to salt, water moves out of the onion to the general liquid side, to balance the osmotic pressure on either side of the onion surface.  <sep>  Q: Is there any advantage to adding salt to onion while frying? A: Removing moisture from onion with the aid of salt helps it reach its desired state (brown or translucent, as desired) faster  Q: What is the right about of salt to add? A: I generally add a pinch or two of salt to onion when I start sauteing it  Q: Why is removing moisture from onion important? A: Removing moisture from onion with the aid of salt helps it reach its desired state (brown or translucent, as desired) faster  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What do you mean by translucent?
Output: No
CONTEXT: My whole wheat bread takes 4x to go off than my white bread. Even a mixture of 50% whole wheat flour will make it last longer. But that will only help if the problem is the bread getting hard too soon. That can also be prevented by keeping it in a plastic bag. You'll get the mold before the bread goes stale.If you're keeping the bread in a plastic bag, try paper bags.To solve the mold problem, the traditional way is to add some acidity. For example, you can add a sourdough starter. If you don't like the taste of sourdough, a poolish starter should also help. The bacteria it grows will prevent the mold growing.I know it's not what you're asking, but freezing will also help. When you bake more bread than you eat, freeze it wrapped in a plastic bag and thaw it overnight and you will get a good, fresh bread.  <sep>  Q: Is there anything I can add to homemade bread to preserve it? A: a mixture of 50% whole wheat flour will make it last longer  Q: will this change the consistency of the bread? A: that will only help if the problem is the bread getting hard too soon  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: When substituting wheat flour for white flour in my bread recipe, do I need to adjust the cooking time###?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I've never used bhut jolokias but I love spicy vegetable oil. DO NOT just throw the peppers in a jar of oil. Apparently this is bad. Follow the much more helpful links in the comments that follow this and make the oil properly.Once you do this you can cook pretty much anything that needs a little (or a lot) of extra heat. You said you have other peppers so it might be interesting to set up a few jars with different pepper combos.Bonus: if what I've heard of these peppers is correct, you can probably make a low grade mace this way.If you're looking for something to do right away, I'd mix a very small piece in some melty cheese and throw it on some chips, burritos, pizza, or anything really. Spicy cheese rocks.Good luck and enjoy.  <sep>  Q: What can I do with Bhut Jolokia's? A: Follow the much more helpful links in the comments that follow this and make the oil properly  Q: I'm growing some Bhut Jolokia's (world hottest pepper aka ghost pepper) amongst other hot peppers.###Do you have any recommendations what I can do with them? A: you can cook pretty much anything that needs a little (or a lot) of extra heat  Q: I picked one off the plant last night. I'm looking for something other that hot sauce or chili. What do you recommend? A: you can probably make a low grade mace this way  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Interesting. Do you know how hot this pepper is (How many Scoville)?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Fat doesn't spoil like other foods. No bacteria can live in fat. Going rancid is a chemical reaction in which the fat molecules break down. So "leaving out" is not a problem. The major factors in going rancid are light and air. The more light hits your fat, the sooner it goes rancid. Also, rancidity occurs when the fat is oxidized, meaning that if you prevent contact with air, your fat will last longer. Both factors are minimized by transferring the fat to a tightly closed opaque container. With liquid oils, you use a dark colored bottle. As bottles are impractical for solid fat, just strain your grease into a jar, close it, and put it in a cupboard. The shelf life should be many months, probably more than a year. Also, don't worry that you can get something nasty when the grease goes bad unnoticed. Rancid fat isn't a big safety risk, and ingesting it in small amounts is not problematic. If it stinks, throw it out. Before that, there is no problem eating it. The above assumes pure, well-strained fat. Pieces of fried meat left over in the fat are a safety risk, even tiny ones.  <sep>  Q: How long does grease take to go bad/rancid when sitting out? A: The more light hits your fat, the sooner it goes rancid  Q: If I make a skillet full of bacon, how long can I leave the grease sitting out before it is unsafe/rancid? A: if you prevent contact with air, your fat will last longer  Q: How long do you think that it's still safe to use? A: If it stinks, throw it out. Before that, there is no problem eating it  Q: Should I store it in the refrigerator or leave it out? A: just strain your grease into a jar, close it, and put it in a cupboard  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is the answer different for ground beef grease?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: All of these are natural colorants but also impart a bit of flavor with them.For the raspberry layer you could use a tiny amount of beet juice to really kick the red.For yellow colors you have a few options. Saffron can work really well though I'm not sure what mango/lime/saffron tastes like. Another organic single ingredient is Achiote, which has an extremely mild sweet flavor. It's used for coloring mac and cheese and most processed cheese.Hope these ideas help.  <sep>  Q: How to make stronger colors in three part pannacotta?###I'd like to make more natural colors any suggestions? A: All of these are natural colorants but also impart a bit of flavor with them  Q: Is there some kind of fruit I can use? A: For the raspberry layer you could use a tiny amount of beet juice to really kick the red  Q: Any other suggestions? A: Another organic single ingredient is Achiote, which has an extremely mild sweet flavor. It's used for coloring mac and cheese and most processed cheese  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any other ideas?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The cause is that the mousse dries out on the surface. It builds a skin of dehydrated mousse. It happens with most cremes, not only your yolk foam. To prevent it, put plastic wrap on the mousse. Don't span it over the bowl, press it on the surface itself, without leaving air between the mousse and wrap. Your mousse will stay soft. This also works for custards and starch-thickened puddings. In general, also cover other things you put in the fridge, or they can get an unpleasant odour.  <sep>  Q: Why is there a rubber like skin on surface of my chocolate mousse?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: 'Air work' is an interesting term that I am not used to hearing, and I do a lot of it. The trick here is where will you be holding the knife as you work. A long thin blade will mean you are holding the blade as you work, which is not a problem, per se.Small bladed and hook beak knives are well suited for this, as you can comfortably hold the handle. I love hook beak knives for mushroom garnishing, coring, small veg peeling and trimming, etc...Small straight paring knives are the standard choice for this, if you don't like the hooked blade.  <sep>  Q: Paring knife selection for work in the air? A: Air work' is an interesting term that I am not used to hearing  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What are buying recommendations for a knife that is primarily used without a cuting board?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Leaving any sort of sugar confection in the fridge (as it will out of the fridge also, but to a lesser extent) will soften the sugar after a prolonged period due to the moisture in the air. However, putting it in the fridge for a short period of time will simply speed up the cooling process as you put in your question.  <sep>  Q: Can I cool my toffee in the fridge? A: Leaving any sort of sugar confection in the fridge (as it will out of the fridge also, but to a lesser extent) will soften the sugar after a prolonged period due to the moisture in the air  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there anything I should look out for or take care of before I put it in the fridge ?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The easy way: Use raspberry oil (preferably) or a raspberry extract in place of the peppermint oil.The (probably) much better way: Leave out the oil and food coloring and use raspberry puree as you suggested. Strain frozen or fresh raspberries through a fine strainer or cheese cloth. Weigh the resulting juice/puree and then put it on the stove an cook it until the puree is half of its original weight (roughly). This reduced puree will be more intensely raspberry, so it will get all of the raspberry flavor without having to add as much water to the recipe. You'll have to experiment with the amount of reduced raspberry puree to use.I wouldn't increase the corn syrup, but you certainly could if you want them sweeter. I would personally go for the opposite effect and add a small amount of lemon juice to the raspberry puree to give a little tartness to complement the sweetness of the marshmallow.As far as the chocolate, I would recommend a darker chocolate. 55% is quite sweet, especially around a marshmallow. You should also consider the type of chocolate. Cocoa percentage isn't everything in dark chocolate. Experiment with different types of chocolate and see what fits well with the marshmallows. Just like wine, chocolate should be paired with other foods according to the subtleties of the taste of the individual chocolate.  <sep>  Q: Converting Peppermint Marshmallow Recipe to Raspberry? A: The easy way: Use raspberry oil (preferably) or a raspberry extract in place of the peppermint oil  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Where can I find raspberry oil? I've never seen it. ###Do you think a raspberry puree could be used to replace the peppermint pinwheel candies?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: It could be the proving time or the oven temperature or both.In hotter climates, bread dough will rise faster. Poking the dough will not harm the dough in any way, so don't be afraid to poke the dough. The best way to test if the bread dough has risen enough is by poking it. As for the oven, if the temperature is too low, it can take longer to get additional rise in the oven. What I do, as do many other bread bakers, is to bake the bread at the hottest temperature it can reach for the first ten minutes, then turn it down to the regular temperature for the remainder of the time needed to bake the bread. The hotter temperature initially can result in more oven spring for the bread.  <sep>  Q: what are the Bread Proving Time in Warm Climates? A: In hotter climates, bread dough will rise faster  Q: I followed the recipe and all seemed to go well until baking. The rise in the oven was poor at best. why did this happen? A: As for the oven, if the temperature is too low, it can take longer to get additional rise in the oven  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Should I shorten the prove time and if so how to I judge how much?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Poaching is a gentle process - the milk isn't boiling so there is no risk of it burning or the like. It will of course not spoil in the sense of it going off, that's a totally different process.Fresh milk is better because, well, it's fresh. Powdered milk would probably work, but if you have fresh, use that.  <sep>  Q: can you poach fish in milk? A:   <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: does is spoil has it heats?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: No, bartenders do not shake carbonated beverages. I was a bartender for years and I have never known this to happen or be part of a recipe. The carbonated sodas are always put on the top of the glass after pouring. The foam comes from the sugar or egg whites in the sweet n sour mix. You can find that recipe on line. Here is one that is overly complicated, bars rarely (never to my knowledge) use fresh lemon or lime juice. However a good bar uses separate lemon & lime mix for different drinks, or they used to anyway. I personally use limeade or lemonade at home. You can use one of the other or mix them together. Throw that in a shaker & you will get some foam, it works in my blender.  <sep>  Q: I love mixing drinks in cocktail shakers but wonder if I use carbonated drinks in this is a good idea? A: bartenders do not shake carbonated beverages. I was a bartender for years and I have never known this to happen or be part of a recipe  Q: So you are not aware of any recipes that uses a little soda water in a shaker? A: The carbonated sodas are always put on the top of the glass after pouring. The foam comes from the sugar or egg whites in the sweet n sour mix  Q: You said I could find recipes online? A: de o  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you think If I upgraded my low grade shaker this would help me at all?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Poaching is a gentle process - the milk isn't boiling so there is no risk of it burning or the like. It will of course not spoil in the sense of it going off, that's a totally different process.Fresh milk is better because, well, it's fresh. Powdered milk would probably work, but if you have fresh, use that.  <sep>  Q: Would using milk powder better than fresh milk when poaching? A: Fresh milk is better because, well, it's fresh. Powdered milk would probably work, but if you have fresh, use that  Q: I was wondering if the milk will be spoil if it is continuous being cooked? A: Poaching is a gentle process - the milk isn't boiling so there is no risk of it burning or the like. It will of course not spoil in the sense of it going off, that's a totally different process  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the other process?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Whiskey is quite high in alcohol, on the order of 40% by volume, and is not hospitable to pathogens growing.The flask is intended to hold liqueur, and so is made from or lined with a food safe material, such as food grade stainless steel (assuming you have one from a reputable manufacturer).So yes, it should be fine. Remember: when it was brewed, the whiskey was probably held at different stages for long periods in a stainless steel vat.  <sep>  Q: Whiskey inside a metal flask for a month. Safe for drinking?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: They're good pretty much forever. There is not enough available water for things to grow in there. Mind you, the more aromatic and subtle parts of the flavor will dissipate over time. The sugar absorbs water, giving the combination a very low water activity, meaning there's little water available for microorganisms to use in growth. As long as your flavoring pieces are small and well mixed with sugar they will not spoil.  <sep>  Q: How long is sugar (mixed with minor ingredients) good for? A: They're good pretty much forever. There is not enough available water for things to grow in there  Q: I mixed them over a year ago, would it still be good? A: As long as your flavoring pieces are small and well mixed with sugar they will not spoil  Q: Some I mixed with lemon/orange zest, will that pose a problem? A: As long as your flavoring pieces are small and well mixed with sugar they will not spoil  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Are you sure it will be safe to use?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: This seems nonsensical to try with your home stove. You are correct, the rate of gas output is directly controlled by the knobs. In a typical home stove, drilling holes will not increase the gas output. It would affect the gas to air ratio, but I doubt it would result in an increase of temperature, and more likely a decrease.  <sep>  Q: Can you tell me a gas hack for greater output? A: to try with your home stove  Q: Yes, certainly. But, I need a hack to try working on it. Do you know any? A: This seems nonsensical to try with your home stove  Q: So, it doesn't work? A: the rate of gas output is directly controlled by the knobs  Q: Do you know how the rate of gas output is controlled by the knobs? A: In a typical home stove, drilling holes will not increase the gas output. It would affect the gas to air ratio, but I doubt it would result in an increase of temperature, and more likely a decrease  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: So, basically, you have to drill the holes bigger than they already are?
Output: No
CONTEXT: We have a convection oven and almost always use it. I can't remember the last time we didn't use convection. Our model automatically decreases the temperature, so if you set it for 300, then it will heat to 275. Not sure if that is a magic 25 degree number, but it seems to work. Almost all recipes cook time wise as they would with a non-convection oven. Our also has a single and multi-rack mode, and it circulates the air differently in that case. We have NEVER had any problems with the food drying out more with the air circulation as they say that is a common negative.I am sure the effectiveness varies oven to oven, but in our case, we always use it (except for broiling of course).  <sep>  Q: When should I use convection when baking? A: in our case, we always use it (except for broiling of course  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: When is it better to broil?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Chocolate is an odd substance when it comes to melting and hardening. When chocolate hardens, its melting point will end up being just a few degrees higher than the hardening temperature.When chocolate crystallizes at high temperatures, it forms a strong, dense crystalline structure that, texture-wise, is quite brittle. Most bought chocolate (baker's chocolate and chips) is already tempered, but when you melt it, you break down that crystalline structure, and if you harden it at room temperature then it ends up forming very weak crystals that will melt in your hand.If you use a special coating chocolate (couverture or the lower-quality compound chocolate) then you don't need to worry so much about tempering (although it's still a good idea), but if you use ordinary chocolate and don't temper it then your coating will end up being messy and wet and rub off on your hands while you eat it. It might even melt while stored.Tempering is the key to making a room-temperature-stable chocolate coating. If you don't do this, you'll need to keep your pastries refrigerated until they're ready to consume.  <sep>  Q: What is the purpose of tempering chocolate? A: Tempering is the key to making a room-temperature-stable chocolate coating  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: If I just want to dip something in chocolate, can I get away with just melting the chocolate?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: This really depends on the locale. For example in Seattle we have a couple of Washington State grain farms and mills that do sell their product at farmer's markets. If you have trouble tracking down a miller directly, you might do well to ask at your local natural foods co-op if they can source this or direct you to people who can help. Another place to ask would be at your best local artisanal bakeries, as they may well be using local flours.  <sep>  Q: Where can I get local grains in bulk? A: This really depends on the locale  Q: can i get them at the super market? A: farmer's markets. If you have trouble tracking down a miller directly, you might do well to ask at your local natural foods co-op if they can source this  Q: are there any websites to buy grains? A: you might do well to ask at your local natural foods co-op if they can source this or direct you to people who can help  Q: where can i find a natural food co op? A: in Seattle we have a couple of Washington State grain farms and mills  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: i live in florida. do they have a co op?
Output: No
CONTEXT: What I've done in the past is mist some water on both sides of the bread slices, then put them in the microwave for 10-15 seconds (alternatively, an oven set at 300F/150C for 5-10 minutes will do it too).Experiment with the amount of water (but keep it low) and cooking times. You should get much softer (and warm) bread slices out of it.  <sep>  Q: How can I soften the texture of storebought whole-grain bread? A: What I've done in the past is mist some water on both sides of the bread slices, then put them in the microwave for 10-15 seconds  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Can you please give me some additional advice?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: One of your possible answers is pretty close to what I think is the correct one. To flavor carnitas all the way through, put them back in the braising liquid that has been reduced since cooking the pork. You can create a kind of glaze out of the braising liquid, and toss the shredded pork in that (defat the braising liquid before reducing it).BTW, I never fry carnitas. I may throw them on a greased grill, but I never deep or shallow fry them.  <sep>  Q: How can I get my flavorings to flavor my carnitas all the way through the pork? A: To flavor carnitas all the way through, put them back in the braising liquid that has been reduced since cooking the pork  Q: and then what do i do ? A: You can create a kind of glaze out of the braising liquid, and toss the shredded pork in that (defat the braising liquid before reducing it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: are there any other tips for making sure all the flavors are in the pork meat ?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Bleach is your best bet. Scrub it with a long-handled scrub brush and either liquid bleach or Ajax and water. Let it soak a bit before rinsing it out. Since it's stainless steel, the bleach won't do it any harm and will kill off any organics growing on it.In my experience, the pink stuff is a mold, not flouride.  <sep>  Q: What is a thorough way to clean my dish rack?
Output: Yes