niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
CONTEXT: The easiest thing to do is to chop them up, and preserve them in an acidic solution that you allow to ferment a little. Then, just keep it in the fridge as long as you like. Additionally, the onions will become tastier, easier to digest and will have an improved nutritional profile.The acidic solution can be any mixture of water with salt, sugar, vinegar, spices, whey, yogurt, wine, beer, lemon juice, etc...The options are endless. This is called your brine and people have been using this method of preservation for millions of years.As far as storing fresh onions, your best bet is to keep them in the refrigerator's crisper drawer which helps keep vegetables fresher longer.  <sep>  Q: Do you have any advice for storing green onions? A: The easiest thing to do is to chop them up, and preserve them in an acidic solution that you allow to ferment a little. Then, just keep it in the fridge as long as you like  Q: How about if I want to keep them whole? A: As far as storing fresh onions, your best bet is to keep them in the refrigerator's crisper drawer which helps keep vegetables fresher longer  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Can I keep them not refrigerated?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Gelatin sheets are soaked in cold-to-room-temp water in order to soften and rehydrate them slightly before stirring them into the (often hot) food. If you were to try to stir a sheet of gelatin directly into hot liquid, you'd find that it behaves a lot like cornstarch. It clumps up immediately and produces unpleasant-to-eat chunks that only a blender and a chinois have a hope of removing.You squeeze it after soaking to remove excess (unflavored) water from the exterior. Otherwise, each sheet might bring along quite a bit of water, which will seriously affect the consistency of a product you expect to set up, and might affect the taste of even something like a braise to which you are adding the gelatin just for body.  <sep>  Q: Why do we soak and squeeze gelatine?###I can only assume we use gelatine with liquids (or at least the majority of time it's to set a liquid) - so why soak it first?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Ripening of the avocado is slowed down greatly by refrigeration, so it is usually a good idea to let the avocado ripen fully at room temperature. Once it is ripe, it can be stored in the refrigerator for at least a week. This way, it is ready to use whenever you want it. Fortunately, there is a day or two when the avocado is ripe, but not too ripe, so if you check on it everyday when ripening, you will be able to save it at the correct ripeness without worrying about it too much.Putting an unripened avocado in the refrigerator may prevent it from ever ripening completely. Once cooled to near freezing (40F in most refrigerators), it seems that some avocados (maybe it depends on the type) don't ripen anymore, even when removed to room temperature.  <sep>  Q: Will avocado stay fresh longer if stored in the refrigerator? A: Once it is ripe, it can be stored in the refrigerator for at least a week  Q: Is there a certain temperature that is best? A: Ripening of the avocado is slowed down greatly by refrigeration, so it is usually a good idea to let the avocado ripen fully at room temperature  Q: So, should I store it in the refrigerator after or before it's ripe? A: Once it is ripe, it can be stored in the refrigerator for at least a week  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How many days does the refrigeration slow the process?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Bleach is your best bet. Scrub it with a long-handled scrub brush and either liquid bleach or Ajax and water. Let it soak a bit before rinsing it out. Since it's stainless steel, the bleach won't do it any harm and will kill off any organics growing on it.In my experience, the pink stuff is a mold, not flouride.  <sep>  Q: What is a thorough way to clean my dish rack? A: Scrub it with a long-handled scrub brush and either liquid bleach or Ajax and water  Q: We've had it for about 6 months now and I'm noticing pink mold...will it remove the mold? A: will kill off any organics growing on it  Q: What might be causing the pink mold? A: In my experience, the pink stuff is a mold  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you think food particles could be causing the pink mold?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I don't think you can any better than light brown soft sugar!It has a similar taste, similar moisture content (though palm sugar varies hugely in moisture content from a thick honey texture to a solid block), similar color and caramelizes in a similar way.An ever closer option is jaggery, which is almost identical to palm sugar, just made from sugar cane rather than palms. It is probably more difficult to get hold of though, and the difference is rarely noticeable in a finished dish, so I would say light brown sugar is your best option  <sep>  Q: What can I substitute for palm sugar? A: I don't think you can any better than light brown soft sugar  Q: Does honey also make a good substitute? A: An ever closer option is jaggery, which is almost identical to palm sugar, just made from sugar cane rather than palms  Q: Is jaggery like granulated sugar? A: almost identical to palm sugar, just made from sugar cane rather than palms  Q: What are some other good substitutes? A: ight brown sugar is your best option  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: If I don't have brown sugar, could I use molasses?
Output: No
CONTEXT: In today's modern culture and cooking style, the difference is likely unobserved.I would consider a stew less constructed than a casserole, however.While the stew would start with generally uncooked ingredients (perhaps except for browning the meat, and likely be mixed together while cooking to give a single-dish of meat, vegetables and sauce.A casserole might include some cooked ingredients, often be more properly layered and probably not mixed while cooking.  <sep>  Q: Is there a difference between Stew and Casserole? A: In today's modern culture and cooking style, the difference is likely unobserved  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: how would describe the casserole?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I think grilling is probably a bad plan for duck legs; the fat content is a real danger like you said, and duck legs are tough enough you probably want to confit them or braise them.If you absolutely have to grill them, I would suggest confiting them at 200 degrees for three or four hours first (you could use veggie oil in a pinch) and then resting them in the fridge for a day or so in oil. As for finishing them on the grill, rinse them off gently, re-season if needed, cook flesh side down on a medium heat portion of the grill for a while until mostly heated through, then flip them over on a high heat portion of the grill to crisp up the skin, watching out for flares.  <sep>  Q: Tips for grilling duck legs? A: I think grilling is probably a bad plan for duck legs  Q: What makes you say that? A: the fat content is a real danger like you said, and duck legs are tough enough you probably want to confit them or braise them  Q: How long should I confit or braise them? A: If you absolutely have to grill them, I would suggest confiting them at 200 degrees for three or four hours first  Q: At what temperature? A: 200 degrees  Q: Are there any other steps? A: then resting them in the fridge for a day or so in oil  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What abouy the grilling process?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Chocolate is an odd substance when it comes to melting and hardening. When chocolate hardens, its melting point will end up being just a few degrees higher than the hardening temperature.When chocolate crystallizes at high temperatures, it forms a strong, dense crystalline structure that, texture-wise, is quite brittle. Most bought chocolate (baker's chocolate and chips) is already tempered, but when you melt it, you break down that crystalline structure, and if you harden it at room temperature then it ends up forming very weak crystals that will melt in your hand.If you use a special coating chocolate (couverture or the lower-quality compound chocolate) then you don't need to worry so much about tempering (although it's still a good idea), but if you use ordinary chocolate and don't temper it then your coating will end up being messy and wet and rub off on your hands while you eat it. It might even melt while stored.Tempering is the key to making a room-temperature-stable chocolate coating. If you don't do this, you'll need to keep your pastries refrigerated until they're ready to consume.  <sep>  Q: What is the purpose of tempering chocolate? A: Tempering is the key to making a room-temperature-stable chocolate coating  Q: Can I just melt the chocolate in my microwave? A: Chocolate is an odd substance when it comes to melting and hardening  Q: What is the best way to prepare my chocolate if I'm dipping something? A: If you use a special coating chocolate (couverture or the lower-quality compound chocolate) then you don't need to worry so much about tempering  Q: How is coating chocolate different than regular chocolate? A: if you use ordinary chocolate and don't temper it then your coating will end up being messy and wet and rub off on your hands while you eat it. It might even melt while stored  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is white or regular chocolate easier to temper?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The smell is of rancid fats in the flour. It is a very distinct smell, but hard to describe. I would agree that "sour" is part of it. The best way to learn is by comparison. Smell some fresh, clean flour and remember what it is like. Any kind of unpleasant odor than that is rancidity. You may have smelled it also if you opened a box of cereal that has been around too long, or even poppy or sesame seeds - anything with fats that sits around at room temp will eventually go rancid.  <sep>  Q: What does flour smell like when it goes bad? A: It is a very distinct smell, but hard to describe. I would agree that "sour" is part of it. The best way to learn is by comparison  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does that mean it's spoiled?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Fish sauce! I think the clam juice is probably already a substitute for fish sauce anyway, so it should make a very good substitute. (If you look up recipes for Thai beef salad you'll find tons of things with fish sauce, and probably not much with clam juice.)You probably want to use less, though, maybe starting with 2-4 tablespoons, though I've seen recipes using more.It should be fine for the dietary restriction too; it's just made with anchovies, not an unknown blend of seafood, but of course check the label just in case.  <sep>  Q: What can I use instead of clam juice? A: Fish sauce  Q: Is that suitable for someone who doesn't eat shellfish? A: It should be fine for the dietary restriction too; it's just made with anchovies, not an unknown blend of seafood, but of course check the label just in case  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do I use the same amount that I would have used of clam juice?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The most common reason for leakage with Cordon Bleu Chicken is that the packets are too thick, which makes it impossible to get a perfect fold; you need to pound the breasts very thin - less than 1/2", maybe a little more than 1/4".The other "trick" is to make a small cut along the folded edge of the breast after you fold and seal the packets, which essentially makes it almost like a sandwich; the top and bottom parts can move independently and you don't have tension trying to pull the top piece away.Just don't cut so deep that you cause an immediate leak; if you've pounded the breast to 1/3" thickness, then your cut should be no more than about 1/8".If you do it this way, you shouldn't even need to use toothpicks; I never do, and I haven't sprung a single leak in my last 20 or so preparations.  <sep>  Q: How can I keep the cheese from leaking out of my cordon bleu during cooking? A: you need to pound the breasts very thin - less than 1/2", maybe a little more than 1/4  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What should I use to pound it with?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Transfer of heat. First you need a hot pan (sprinkle some drops of water on the pan, it should sizzle). Then you add a drop of oil and swirl it around. When the oil forms a striated pattern, it's hot. Then you put the meat in.The hot oil helps to transfer heat from the bottom of the pan to the meat. You only need a spoonful of oil.  <sep>  Q: Why do people put oil/butter in the pan when frying ground beef? A: The hot oil helps to transfer heat from the bottom of the pan to the meat  Q: Isn't there already enough grease in ground meat? A: nly need a spoonful of oil  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is it used for pans that are not non-stick?
Output: No
CONTEXT: In the fridge, an hour should not be a problem, but could still end up bitter depending on the kind of onion used. Usually, Marinades, Pestos etc. that use mashed onions and/or garlic taste best if they are made the way the name "Pesto" suggests: Cutting stuff very fine, then using a mortar and pestle. Most explanations WHY that is the case have to with the fact that blenders tend to disintegrate cell walls with relatively rough cuts of a fast but half-sharp or blunt blade, releasing more enzymes etc. from the cell walls as opposed to from the cell contents. These are plausible, since some of the compounds in different parts of onion cells are known to actively react when the onion is disintegrated.Also, try adding oil (which you often want in a marinade anyway. No unrefined olive oil in a blender, though - that is known to get bitter!) while mortaring or blending - this will help extract flavor compounds and probably provide some oxidation protection.There is a well known marinade working with onions, garlic etc: Bulgogi marinade.  <sep>  Q: How long can blended onions stay relatively fresh?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: It won't turn bad, in fact it may make it last longer. You may have madeira-ized it (see below)Madeira wine is known for it's extended "shelf life" after opening because of it's unique process of being heated to as high as 60 degrees C (140 F).You may find that in the Campari some of the sugar may have crystalised. This may slightly affect the flavour, but it most certainly won't make it turn bad.  <sep>  Q: Do unopened bottles of Gin and Campari turn bad in extreme heat? I have just returned home and noticed I have left a bottle sitting in direct sunlight
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I'd say it depends. If you are dead-set on observing all food safety rules, the pizzas are probably unsafe to eat. But in the real world, it is possible to bend some of those rules and get by unscathed. But you have to be smart about it--not all rules safely bend as far as others.What was on the pizzas? Shrimp? Chicken? Raw sausage? Those things have a pretty short safety window. Cured meats like pepperoni are safer longer (that's why they're cured in the first place).How hot was your kitchen?How long did they sit out?And then of course it comes down also to how long and how hot you're cooking things. You might well be able to kill off germs in things that aren't outright spoiled. Pizza isn't that long-cooking, so there's risk there.Ultimately, you have to be the arbiter of safety. Check the USDA website about food safety and follow every rule if you want to feel certain.  <sep>  Q: Homemade pizza left out overnight, is it safe to eat? A: I'd say it depends. If you are dead-set on observing all food safety rules, the pizzas are probably unsafe to eat  Q: Will it kill us if we eat it? A: What was on the pizzas? Shrimp? Chicken? Raw sausage? Those things have a pretty short safety window. Cured meats like pepperoni are safer longer (that's why they're cured in the first place  Q: Would yogurt cheese, peppers, and onions be safe as toppings since it was left out overnight? A: Cured meats like pepperoni are safer longer (that's why they're cured in the first place  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Did I mention the the pizzas that were left out were uncooked?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I don't think this has a single answer: The amount of alcohol would depend on the alcohol content of the soaking liquor or liqueur, soaking time, temperature of chocolate, and how thick the strawberry was. I suspect uncut strawberries would take at least several days to fully absorb alcohol and reach equilibrium, but the surface should take up alcohol fairly quickly. If they are cut up, exposing the more porous interior, I imagine an overnight soak would be sufficient to reach maximum alcohol content. The enormous, bloated mutant strawberries you sometimes see at stores could take considerably longer than others to absorb their maximum alcohol. Alcohol is much more volatile than water, so the immersion in warm, melted chocolate would remove some alcohol, but once the chocolate cools, it should trap any remaining content.The flavor of alcohol is easily masked by other flavors at under 20% content; this could explain why your friend didn't taste it, but you did. It's quite possible the strawberries packed a sobriety-busting punch, but it was disguised by the chocolate and fruit tastes.  <sep>  Q: How much alcohol remains in strawberries soaked in alcohol?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: This isn't the "quick" nor the healthy answer, but I personally do a twice-cooked system. I leave the juice from the can in the mix, and boil it down, which takes 15 minutes or so. Retaining the flavor of the canned fluid is essential, in my opinion.Then I "fry" the dry-ish mixture which is beginning to separate in maybe 1 tbsp preheated lard per can of beans, stirring a lot at first. Lastly, very slightly simmer this on low heat for 1 hour or so, stirring occasionally. Flavor is awesome. Any kinds of beans can be prepared in this way, and it is similar (varying on oil and legume variety) to other paste concoctions created elsewhere.. such as in the middle east.Note that this method negates the need for lots of "mashing". So, if you're more looking for less effort, than necessarily for "quick".. this could be your answer :)  <sep>  Q: How to quickly make refried beans (or thereabouts) using Kidney beans? A: This isn't the "quick" nor the healthy answer, but I personally do a twice-cooked system  Q: No matter how much or long I cook and/or mash the beans (while adding water), the skin never quite "liquidizes" ? A: I "fry" the dry-ish mixture which is beginning to separate in maybe 1 tbsp preheated lard per can of beans, stirring a lot at first. Lastly, very slightly simmer this on low heat for 1 hour  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you think maybe I should use a different kind of bean for better results?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I think grilling is probably a bad plan for duck legs; the fat content is a real danger like you said, and duck legs are tough enough you probably want to confit them or braise them.If you absolutely have to grill them, I would suggest confiting them at 200 degrees for three or four hours first (you could use veggie oil in a pinch) and then resting them in the fridge for a day or so in oil. As for finishing them on the grill, rinse them off gently, re-season if needed, cook flesh side down on a medium heat portion of the grill for a while until mostly heated through, then flip them over on a high heat portion of the grill to crisp up the skin, watching out for flares.  <sep>  Q: Tips for grilling duck legs? A: I think grilling is probably a bad plan for duck legs  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Why is it a bad plan?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Advance warning: I haven't tried this.It seems that you don't want to remove the ovaries because that would affect the shape, but you do want to remove the capsaicin from them. It's soluble in fat and alcohol, so you could try making a small hole in the bottom and pumping a light vegetable oil or vodka through from the other end using a syringe. Obviously you're likely to end up with some solvent trapped inside, and you might also wash away some of the flavours you're trying to preserve, so experimentation would be necessary.  <sep>  Q: toning down the fresh chilli picquancy###I like to use green finger chillies in my curries more for the flavour than for the heat, but in order for me to be able to cook out the rawness of the chillies, I end up with the chillies all "melted" in the pan, looking more like leaves, i.e they lose shape. A: It seems that you don't want to remove the ovaries because that would affect the shape, but you do want to remove the capsaicin from them  Q: I see###any other tips for me? A: Obviously you're likely to end up with some solvent trapped inside, and you might also wash away some of the flavours you're trying to preserve, so experimentation would be necessary  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Thank you for your help
Output: No
CONTEXT: Chilis supply 2 things, chili flavor and heat. The flavor comes from the flesh while the heat comes from the seeds and especially the membrane that connects the seeds to the flesh. Ordinarily when someone wants to reduce the heat of a pepper I would suggest cutting it open and removing the seeds and membrane, however that's pretty much impossible with a dried pepper. My recommendation in this case would be to put the chipotles in whole, then remove them after cooking is done. Put the peppers in after all the other ingredients, just before simmering, then try to avoid stirring it if you can avoid it - be gentle so you don't burst the peppers open. Once the cooking is done you fish them out with a spoon and you can serve them as a side to the heat lovers if you like.  <sep>  Q: What other changes could I expect? A: when someone wants to reduce the heat of a pepper I would suggest cutting it open and removing the seeds and membrane, however that's pretty much impossible with a dried pepper  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I still get the flavors this way?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I think you've answered your question yourself. You use the bean itself to make vanilla sugar, so obviously there is much flavour in it as well and not just in the seeds.My experience is that you get much more flavour out of the pod if you let it simmer in warm milk/fluid.  <sep>  Q: Is there really a difference by throwing the vanilla pod in as well? A: My experience is that you get much more flavour out of the pod if you let it simmer in warm milk/fluid  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: is it better to use just the seeds not the whole pod?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Basically, you can refreeze the raspberries.When a fruit or veg. is frozen, the water inside the plant cell expands, and bursts the cell wall, which is why there is so much 'juice' when you thaw. If you refreeze, you can be sure that the raspberries will freeze into a giant block. If you are using them to make a sauce or a jam, this is not significant. That being said, if you are using frozen raspberries in the first place, you are obviously not looking for a perfectly intact raspberry, you are using them for some other purpose. Therefor, refreezing is no big deal. I recently answered another question about freezing and refreezing, and how it is basically a myth that it renders the refrozen product inedible. Any time you freeze you know that you are not going to get 'exactly' the same product when you thaw it, and the same goes with refreezing, there is always a 'slight' degredation of the product with each successive freeze (do you like my liberal usage of quotes?) You won't poison yourself or anything like that, you should have no worries.That being said, what are you doing with the berries? Certainly a refrozen raspberry should be no worse that a raspberry frozen once.  <sep>  Q: Can I re-freeze fruit? A: f you refreeze, you can be sure that the raspberries will freeze into a giant block  Q: I had let them thaw but have put them in the fridge since I realised my mistake. Am I able to refreeze the berries or should I find some immediate use for them? A: refreezing is no big deal  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What are the risks / consequences if I do refreeze?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Fish sauce! I think the clam juice is probably already a substitute for fish sauce anyway, so it should make a very good substitute. (If you look up recipes for Thai beef salad you'll find tons of things with fish sauce, and probably not much with clam juice.)You probably want to use less, though, maybe starting with 2-4 tablespoons, though I've seen recipes using more.It should be fine for the dietary restriction too; it's just made with anchovies, not an unknown blend of seafood, but of course check the label just in case.  <sep>  Q: What can I use instead of clam juice for a salad recipe?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Use part of the shell you just cracked to scoop it up; it will attract the broken bit.Also, if you frequently end up with bits of shell in your eggs, you should revise your cracking technique. Eggs should be cracked on a flat surface (countertop or plate) not a sharper surface like the edge of a bowl.  <sep>  Q: I was wondering how to remove bits of egg shell from a cracked egg? A: Use part of the shell you just cracked to scoop it up; it will attract the broken bit  Q: Is there anyway I could do to prevent these egg shells from getting in the egg in the first place? A: if you frequently end up with bits of shell in your eggs, you should revise your cracking technique  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Well how should I crack them then?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Absolutely! Metal skewers contribute to cooking the meat from the center as they pick up heat from the exposed parts and conduct it throughout.It is a good idea not to crowd your metal skewers with pieces of food to promote this. Not crowding the skewers also exposes more surface area for the food to caramelize. Doing this on a wooden skewer runs the risk of burning the skewers and losing food into the grill.  <sep>  Q: Do metal skewers make a considerable different cooking time than wooden? A: Absolutely! Metal skewers contribute to cooking the meat from the center as they pick up heat from the exposed parts and conduct it throughout  Q: Are wooden skewers reuseable? A: runs the risk of burning the skewers  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How much less time should I grill kebabs with metal skewers?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Very simply, bake it for the recommended time in the recipe. Then if it looks golden brown (note that if the air in the oven is not humid enough the bread may stay pale, on a side note a humid oven helps to develop a good crust), tap it in on it's base and if it sounds hollow its done. If it feels soft in the base and not hollow or If its still not golden brown, put it back in the oven for a few minutes then try the tap check again. Although you stated you dislike the thermometer technique, for others reading the bread should have an internal temperature of 200F or 94C, if not return it to the oven for a few minutes until it is.  <sep>  Q: How can you know that your bread is done?###Most bread recipes give an estimate to how long that bread must bake A: Very simply, bake it for the recommended time in the recipe  Q: However, I find it hard to check whether it's done or not. ###Most bread recipes give an estimate to how long that bread must bake A: tap it in on it's base and if it sounds hollow its done  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Thank you for your help###Any other suggestions for mw###me
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Butter is at most 82% oil and the rest is water. So, you're going to need to add more butter for the same amount of oil. Besides, you need to adjust the liquid content accordingly since you are going to have more water than you planned.If you are going to use the same amount of oil, then it will not make any difference other than the taste. Just make sure they are of same state (i.e. melted butter instead of vegetable oil or vice versa)  <sep>  Q: Substituting butter for oil: Does it matter for baked goods? A: Butter is at most 82% oil and the rest is water. So, you're going to need to add more butter for the same amount of oil  Q: Do you know how I would do that? A: you need to adjust the liquid content accordingly since you are going to have more water than you planned  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you have a recipe you could share for muffins that taste buttery?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I would say it depends. I find once you freeze an item the flavor/texture/propeties of the item is changed (for better or for worse) the next time you goto use it.If your using caramelized onions in a soup, or stew, something where flavors blend together for a longer period of time, then yes go ahead.however if your using the caramelized onions on top of a steak or something similar. Then my answer would be no.  <sep>  Q: Can I freeze caramelised onions? A: I would say it depends. I find once you freeze an item the flavor/texture/propeties of the item is changed (for better or for worse) the next time you goto use it  Q: So yes or no? A: If yo  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is something I can do with frozen caramelised onions besides eat them?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The primary reason is definitely convenience. If you don't want skin and seeds in your sauce, then you have to do some work to avoid it. Yes, it's possible, e.g. passing through a food mill, or blanching and peeling plus retaining only the flesh, but having it already done is a whole lot easier.Passata is usually much thicker too, so it won't need as long a cooking time to reduce into a non-watery sauce as fresh tomatoes. On top of that, you don't have to worry about whether you can find good fresh tomatoes, e.g. if it's winter and they're out of season.Your two cases for comparison seem to overlook this: if you just chop and cook, you'll have skin and seeds in your sauce, as well as excess liquid to cook down, while if you use passata, you won't. (Also, for what it's worth, you'd need pretty giant tomatoes to get the equivalent of 3/4 cup of passata out of one tomato.)Of course, if you don't mind skin and seeds, it's also perfectly fine to simply cook fresh tomatoes and be done with it.Note that you can often get similar advantages from other canned tomato products. In the US, crushed tomatoes are far more common, and a roughly similar texture. (Peeled whole tomatoes, diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, and tomato paste can also be useful depending on what texture you're aiming for.)  <sep>  Q: Why specifically use Passata, rather than tomatoes, in Ragu? A: The primary reason is definitely convenience. If you don't want skin and seeds in your sauce, then you have to do some work to avoid it  Q: Are there any other reasons to use passata? A: much thicker too, so it won't need as long a cooking time to reduce into a non-watery sauce as fresh tomatoes. On top of that, you don't have to worry about whether you can find good fresh tomatoes  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does it look any different?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Sous vide cooking is a function of temperature and the surface area to volume ratio of the food in question.If you have a high surface area to volume the cooking time will be shorter. Steaks would have a higher ratio than the roast so they would take less time than the roast. The amount of the time difference is difficult to predict exactly over such a long time scale, but a rough calculation of the ratio I spoke of would be a good starting point for a compensation factor.If you have the time and your water bath can accommodate, I'd suggest keeping the roast whole and finishing in a skillet. It's much more impressive than a steak.  <sep>  Q: Should I Sous vide chuck roast or chuck steaks? A: Steaks would have a higher ratio than the roast so they would take less time than the roast  Q: Which would taste better? A: If you have the time and your water bath can accommodate, I'd suggest keeping the roast whole and finishing in a skillet. It's much more impressive than a steak  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How long would the roast take?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Definitely egg white seepage, by the looks of the shape of it you've either over whipped the egg whites OR let them sit for too long before cooking which meant they spilt slightly before going in the oven.Another possibility is the oven wasn't hot enough to begin with OR the environment (kitchen) was too warm. When ever I've cooked meringue I've had the oven on 180 for 10min then turned it off and left the meringue in undisturbed over night. Never had any issue's that way. The only time I've had seepage is when I've beaten my eggs then got disturbed by a check coming on and having to leave the whites for 5-10min before shaping and cooking...  <sep>  Q: What's this odd stuff coming out of my meringue? A: Definitely egg white seepage  Q: What would cause it? A: you've either over whipped the egg whites OR let them sit for too long before cooking which meant they spilt slightly before going in the oven  Q: but I also added some vanilla, probably a bit extra sugar, and baked them at 185 instead of 200 with the door open. A: When ever I've cooked meringue I've had the oven on 180 for 10min then turned it off and left the meringue in undisturbed over night  Q: Do you have any other tips? A: Another possibility is the oven wasn't hot enough to begin with OR the environment (kitchen) was too warm  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Oh, I didn't know that, is that everything that could have caused it?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Your best bet is a stone ground bread flour or hard flour in the US that means finding a local mill. At your standard supermarket a high protein bread flour is your only option if you can find it there. I generally have to venture out to a Whole Foods market to find that as my "local" grocery store doesn't carry it. You could also try Tipo 00, I have run across it in some specialty stores. You are looking for the highest gluten content you can find so that you can get the elasticity you need to make proper strudel.  <sep>  Q: What kind of flour is needed for strudel/fillo dough? A: Your best bet is a stone ground bread flour or hard flour in the US  Q: Where in the US can I find this? A: At your standard supermarket a high protein bread flour is your only option if you can find it there. I generally have to venture out to a Whole Foods market  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Where is my closest Whole Foods market located?
Output: No
CONTEXT: It won't turn bad, in fact it may make it last longer. You may have madeira-ized it (see below)Madeira wine is known for it's extended "shelf life" after opening because of it's unique process of being heated to as high as 60 degrees C (140 F).You may find that in the Campari some of the sugar may have crystalised. This may slightly affect the flavour, but it most certainly won't make it turn bad.  <sep>  Q: Do unopened bottles of Gin and Campari turn bad in extreme heat? A: You may find that in the Campari some of the sugar may have crystalised  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there anyway to fix the crystalization of the crystals?
Output: No
CONTEXT: This seems nonsensical to try with your home stove. You are correct, the rate of gas output is directly controlled by the knobs. In a typical home stove, drilling holes will not increase the gas output. It would affect the gas to air ratio, but I doubt it would result in an increase of temperature, and more likely a decrease.  <sep>  Q: Are you familiar with the gas range hack for greater power output? A: This seems nonsensical to try with your home stove  Q: Why is it a bad idea for my home stove? A: In a typical home stove, drilling holes will not increase the gas output  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is this gas output regulated by the knobs?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Yes, it can go bad.It's pretty much the same as the way flour can go bad: the fats can go rancid. Grains are mostly starch, but they contain enough fat for rancidity to be a noticeable problem. There's a huge amount of variability in how long that takes, though. If it's airtight and kept in a cool, dark place, it'll last much longer than the best before date. But if it's been exposed to air, light, or heat, it can go pretty fast, perhaps even before the best before date.So, smell it. If you detect any unpleasant smells, you probably don't want to eat it. Even if you don't smell anything obvious, it could still be subtly rancid, so if you're planning on serving it to anyone, you might want to cook a small bit to test.  <sep>  Q: Does polenta 'go off'? A: it can go bad  Q: What is an indication that it goes bad? A: If you detect any unpleasant smells, you probably don't want to eat it. Even if you don't smell anything obvious, it could still be subtly rancid  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does the taste change when it goes bad?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Water absorption by flour varies by variety, brand, and even batch within brand. For example, I have an American bread book where I quite often have to use far more water than the recipe suggests to achieve the consistency stated. This is down to my British flour apparently absorbing more water.Therefore, it's a good idea to simply use enough flour to get the desired consistency rather than worry too much about being precise. Having said that, when it comes to bread, wetter is better, so only add enough so that you can just work it comfortably.  <sep>  Q: do you know anything about Salt stick dough and shaping? A: it's a good idea to simply use enough flour to get the desired consistency rather than worry too much about being precise  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: what happens if to much flour is added?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: In my experience, that is completely normal and will not harm its flavor at all. You just need to warm it up before serving so that you can re-mix / emulsify your sauce / dressing. It congeals in the fridge much like any other fat will (think butter or bacon grease). Apparently, extra virgin olive oil may suffer from condensation in the bottle affecting the flavor. It may also turn cloudy. But in general, you should be fine. Even if it does go bad, it should just affect the flavor and not be harmful, just gross. So if it tastes bad, toss it. Otherwise you're fine. Note: I'm just talking about the oil going rancid, not anything else you might mix with it.  <sep>  Q: Is it okay to refrigerate olive oil? A: In my experience, that is completely normal and will not harm its flavor at all. You just need to warm it up before serving so that you can re-mix / emulsify your sauce / dressing  Q: I read that it was be stored for up to 3 months, is that true? A: Apparently, extra virgin olive oil may suffer from condensation in the bottle affecting the flavor. It may also turn cloudy  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is it bad to refrigerate olive oil to the point it solidifies?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The feeding/maintenance of your starter is the same regardless of flour. Remove and discard (or use elsewhere) half or more of starter. Add fresh flour and water in the desired proportions. Stir. As your starter matures, it becomes acidic. Too much acidity interferes with yeast activity in the bread making process. That is why you need to remove a portion of the "spent" starter each time you feed.  <sep>  Q: How do I add flour to sour culture ? A: Remove and discard (or use elsewhere) half or more of starter. Add fresh flour and water in the desired proportions  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the proportion I should add flour and water in ?
Output: No
CONTEXT: As baka has said, more volatile components of the wine will be released with more wine surface exposed.Also, this not only releases aroma but also helps the wine to "breathe" and oxidize, which is why you open the red wine bottle half an hour before serving it (so that this process starts), and why you might pour the wine into a decanter.This process accentuates the flavors and aromas of the wine. It is not very much necessary with younger, colder served wines (e.g. vinho verde).In young, sparkling wine, a larger glass will disperse the bubbles faster, as well as warming it. This is undesireable, hence the smaller, narrower glasses.Aged white wine should behave similarly to aged red wine, although it doesn't need to breathe as much.  <sep>  Q: Why are red wine glasses wider than white wine glasses? A: In young, sparkling wine, a larger glass will disperse the bubbles faster, as well as warming it. This is undesireable, hence the smaller, narrower glasses  Q: that's interesting. What about non sparking white though? A: Aged white wine should behave similarly to aged red wine, although it doesn't need to breathe as much  Q: What happens if you drink red out of a too narrow glass? A: more volatile components of the wine will be released with more wine surface exposed  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: how should champagne be treated?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I have only seen it used in dahl dishes, presumably because of it's claimed digestive properties. Asafoetida is incredibly pungent; anything more than a pinch seems too much and unpleasant.I think of it as a flavour-enhancer, a natural, Indian MSG rather than a spice in the normal sense. It makes your mouth water quite intensely and seems to stimulate the savory tatse buds (umami). This is lovely when done subtley and kept in the background.Therefore, I suspect you could add small pinches to all kinds of savoury food.  <sep>  Q: In which kind of food items can Asafoetida be used? A: I have only seen it used in dahl dishes  Q: What exactly is Asafoetida? A: I think of it as a flavour-enhancer, a natural, Indian MSG rather than a spice in the normal sense  Q: Can I use it as a main ingredient? A: This is lovely when done subtley and kept in the background  Q: Are there any medical benefits? A: it's claimed digestive properties  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any other benefits to it?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If you whisk egg whites to much they will definitely separate.Basically you are over tightening their stretchy proteins which squeeze out all the water. You are left with useless protein fluff floating on water.The flavor and odor will not change, however. That would be a sign off spoiling and unrelated to the whisking.  <sep>  Q: Is it possible to whisk egg whites too much? A: If you whisk egg whites to much they will definitely separate  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What happens to rhetoric If the egg whites separate?###The food not rhetoric
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Chicken fat is what you want, and--this is important--no cream or milk. Use chicken fat to make a roux, and then chicken stock. This will get you a yellowish colour.For extra bonus points, make your pastry with schmaltz as well. They do this at the gourmet supermarket down the road, and their chicken pot pies fly off the shelves.  <sep>  Q: How do you get a nice yellow gravy color when making a chicken pot pie? A: Use chicken fat to make a roux, and then chicken stock  Q: Is the yellow color artificial or natural, and what can be added/removed to create this? A: Chicken fat is what you want, and--this is important--no cream or milk  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: what is a tip I can use?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Generally speaking, frying gives a better crust due to the higher direct heat producing more Maillard flavours. A good, heavy, screaming hot pan is required. Oil the steak, not the pan, with vegetable or groundnut oil (olive oil will burn), and baste with butter towards the end for extra flavour.If your steak is thick, you might try a reverse sear - roast the steak at about 150Â°C until the centre is 10Â°C off your desired doneness level (if you don't have a digital probe thermometer, invest the small amount they cost, it is completely worth it), then sear the outside on your mega hot pan. This avoids you having to overdo the outside just to get the inside right.  <sep>  Q: Is it better to fry or grill a steak? A: Generally speaking, frying gives a better crust due to the higher direct heat producing more Maillard flavours  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Would a grill pan be good to use on the hob instead of a standard frying pan?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If I have to cook for a big group, 9 times out of 10, I go for scampi.But if you use scampi as the second course, I'm not sure what to serve it with.(I make it as an entree). Rice or bread, I'd say. I've never tried it with baked potatoes, but maybe it could work; or other options of course.But I don't know if two times fish (in a broad meaning) works for you.You can also make your meat in advance (stewing, ragout (of chicken, in vol-au-vent), meatballs) so you just need to warm it.Edit: Oops, I just saw that this is an old question...  <sep>  Q: I need help to plan a Menu for 10 people. I want to start off with an appetizer. any suggestions? A: If I have to cook for a big group, 9 times out of 10, I go for scampi  Q: That sounds great? what is in it? A: I make it as an entree  Q: That sounds great I will do that. Now I am Italian and was wondering what pasta second courses you could recommend? A: Rice or bread, I'd say. I've never tried it with baked potatoes, but maybe it could work; or other options of course  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I was hoping to make my second course the main course. Any other ideas? I would like something more filling.
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I make bacon and other cured meats frequently. I find that the amount of liquid released from pork belly varies. That is not a useful measure of how the cure is proceeding. Bacon, in particular, is usually cooked after the cure, so I don't worry too much. I use the salt-box method, coat the belly in cure mixture, place in large zip lock, place in container slightly larger than belly and put in fridge. Flip every day or so for a week. What I look for next is a firming up of the belly. I pinch it. If it has firmed up after a week, I move on to hot smoking (or you could use your oven). If it still feels soft, I give it another day or two.  <sep>  Q: how much juice should come out when curing pork belly for bacon? A: I make bacon and other cured meats frequently. I find that the amount of liquid released from pork belly varies  Q: How will i know if the pork belly is curing properly? A: That is not a useful measure of how the cure is proceeding. Bacon, in particular, is usually cooked after the cure, so I don't worry too much  Q: How much salt should i use? A: I use the salt-box method, coat the belly in cure mixture, place in large zip lock, place in container slightly larger than belly and put in fridge  Q: How long should i leave it in the fridge? A: Flip every day or so for a week. What I look for next is a firming up of the belly  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Should I include anything else besides salt during curing?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Yes, nuts are very fatty, and they will eventually go rancidâ if this is the case, they will taste very poor. They can also dry out, or in more rare cases (especially if stored improperly) be infested with insects or molds.Generally, they should be good for six months to a year at their best flavor, depending on the variety (in the shell).Five years is a little long. I am not sure I would want to eat nuts that old.  <sep>  Q: Do nuts ever go bad? A: es, nuts are very fatty, and they will eventually go rancid  Q: What causes them to go rancid? A: They can also dry out, or in more rare cases (especially if stored improperly) be infested with insects or molds  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the best way to store them?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The trick that works for me consistently is to put the beets in a sealed container while still hot and let them cool down that way, they continue to cook a bit and the steam from them keeps the skins loose. Also, peel them while they are still warm, if they cool too much the skins may adhere again.  <sep>  Q: Whats the best way to roast beets to get the skins off? A: The trick that works for me consistently is to put the beets in a sealed container while still hot and let them cool down that way  Q: The skins on mine always come out clingy, does this help with that? A: peel them while they are still warm, if they cool too much the skins may adhere again  Q: Another other advice for getting the skins to come off easily? A: put the beets in a sealed container while still hot and let them cool down that way  Q: So I should not let them cool down at all before peeling? A: peel them while they are still warm  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How long should i let them cool before peeling?
Output: No