niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
CONTEXT: I've actually found a combination of both aluminum foil and clingfilm to give the best protection. The foil is most effective at preventing freezer burn, but does nothing to isolate odors.Since the freezer is so cold, you don't ordinarily smell much when you stick your head in there, but that doesn't mean that the odors don't spread about, and you'll notice it only once you thaw your chicken (or other food item). That's why I like to wrap my food in clingfilm as well, but more pertinent to your question, the foil is what you want to prevent freezer burn.  <sep>  Q: Is there a way I can stop this? A: I've actually found a combination of both aluminum foil and clingfilm to give the best protection. The foil is most effective at preventing freezer burn, but does nothing to isolate odors  Q: If covering it will work, why is that? A: Since the freezer is so cold, you don't ordinarily smell much when you stick your head in there, but that doesn't mean that the odors don't spread about  Q: Are you saying there are odors in the freezer that I can't smell?###Is the freezing process sucking moisture out of the skin? A: That's why I like to wrap my food in clingfilm as well, but more pertinent to your question, the foil is what you want to prevent freezer burn.  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you have any other suggestions on freezing chicken?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The trick that works for me consistently is to put the beets in a sealed container while still hot and let them cool down that way, they continue to cook a bit and the steam from them keeps the skins loose. Also, peel them while they are still warm, if they cool too much the skins may adhere again.  <sep>  Q: Whats the best way to roast beets to get the skins off? A: The trick that works for me consistently is to put the beets in a sealed container while still hot and let them cool down that way  Q: The skins on mine always come out clingy, does this help with that? A: peel them while they are still warm, if they cool too much the skins may adhere again  Q: Another other advice for getting the skins to come off easily? A: put the beets in a sealed container while still hot and let them cool down that way  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: So I should not let them cool down at all before peeling?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Some of the volatile flavors will be diminished, but I've managed to make fairly good drinks with the help of mint that I kept frozen. In my experience, freezer burn starts to become visible after two or three months, and starts to harm flavor probably around 4-6 months.I'm not sure preparing the drink will work really well, but if you just defrost the drink in the refrigerator, it probably won't be terrible. Active thawing with heat will probably cause some harm. Many infusions and teas become a bit cloudy and lose color after bottling or freezing, which is why most bottled teas use an enzyme (not usually a listed ingredient) designed to mitigate that.  <sep>  Q: Would freezing affect the flavour of mint tea? A: Some of the volatile flavors will be diminished, but I've managed to make fairly good drinks with the help of mint that I kept frozen  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: WOULD YOU RECOMMEND FREEZING A WHOLE POT OR DOING INDIVIDUAL SERVINGS?
Output: No
CONTEXT: As with all fish, just don't cook it any longer than necessary - all you need is long enough to get the temperature up (to 145F/63C), and anything past that is just overcooking. Boiling is a really fast cooking method, and simmering or poaching is not much slower. Note that this also means removing it from the water as soon as it's done, since the water is way above the necessary temperature and will easily overcook seafood even if it's removed from the stove.Tiny fish like you mention will probably be done in only a minute or two, similar to small. The best way to tell, though, is not to use a timer but to directly check the fish: it should be opaque and flaky. (For small fish, those aren't very big flakes, but you could still pull it apart or bend it and tell.)  <sep>  Q: How to cook small fish(unfrozen and frozen) in water without overcooking?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Mold is growing because there's something for it to consume, the only way to prevent it from happening is to clean your grill more effectively, or carbonize it before the fire goes out. No grill is air-tight, so even though it gets a good heat blast (not enough to sterilize it as you may think), spores will get in from outside. Remember, hot air is less dense, so as the BBQ cools it will draw air in, hence the spores. Once there they thrive in the sheltered and often damp conditions in a closed-up barbecue. I think where you may be going wrong is that you close the valves after cooking. That cuts off the air and kills the fire. I leave all my valves open to keep it as hot as possible after I'm done cooking, and it does a better job of charring all the leftovers.  <sep>  Q: Curious mold growth in a sealled BBQ, how does one avoid it? A: Mold is growing because there's something for it to consume, the only way to prevent it from happening is to clean your grill more effectively  Q: How should I clean my grill? A: I leave all my valves open to keep it as hot as possible after I'm done cooking, and it does a better job of charring all the leftovers  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Then do I scrape the grill?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Garlic will spoil faster in the fridge actually. I don't know how long it will last in the fridge, but I understand that it lasts longer if you leave it in a cool, dark, dry storage. I believe one reason is that your fridge is generally too humid. In my experience, garlic kept in the fridge is also more likely to develop mould (goes soft, and dark discolouration).I keep mine in a ceramic thing in one of my cupboards. It lasts anywhere from a few weeks to a few months depending on the garlic (probably how long it sat before getting to my kitchen). If you store it like that, garlic that goes "bad" will usually start to sprout (green shoots, will come through the top.  <sep>  Q: Should I store garlic in the fridge or room temperature? A: Garlic will spoil faster in the fridge actually  Q: How long does it take to spoil in the fridge? A: I don't know how long it will last in the fridge, but I understand that it lasts longer if you leave it in a cool, dark, dry storage. I believe one reason is that your fridge is generally too humid  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any other tips for garlic storage?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Generally speaking, frying gives a better crust due to the higher direct heat producing more Maillard flavours. A good, heavy, screaming hot pan is required. Oil the steak, not the pan, with vegetable or groundnut oil (olive oil will burn), and baste with butter towards the end for extra flavour.If your steak is thick, you might try a reverse sear - roast the steak at about 150Â°C until the centre is 10Â°C off your desired doneness level (if you don't have a digital probe thermometer, invest the small amount they cost, it is completely worth it), then sear the outside on your mega hot pan. This avoids you having to overdo the outside just to get the inside right.  <sep>  Q: Is it better to fry or grill a steak? A: Generally speaking, frying gives a better crust due to the higher direct heat producing more Maillard flavours  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I have always grilled my steak, but would a nice cast iron skillet be good to use to fry a steak?
Output: No
CONTEXT: When I am using skim powdered milk and want more fat, I just replace some of the water in the recipe with heavy cream.Your recipe doesn't have water, it already uses milk and cream. You could replace a little of the milk with cream to make up the difference.However, with all the cream and butter in that recipe, I doubt you would be able to notice the fat missing from the dry milk. I would just use your skim dry milk and not worry about it.  <sep>  Q: What is a good substitute for full cream milk powder?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: To make you pancakes spread more, and thus be thinner, increase the amount of liquid in the recipe. This will make the batter less viscous, so that it will spread more before beginning to set, thus giving you thinner pancakes. I would start slowly, perhaps a couple of tablespoons extra milk (or just plain water) until you find the consistency that you like.You will also have to experiment to determine the appropriate cooking time, as the additional liquid will somewhat need to be cooked off to get the best texture.Of course, there is nothing wrong with using the bottom of your ladle to help the batter spread out a bit more. This is normal, and will somewhat even out as the pancakes cook.  <sep>  Q: How can I get thinner pancakes? A: To make you pancakes spread more, and thus be thinner, increase the amount of liquid in the recipe  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: If I ad more milk and still have little spread what can I do?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Tender means soft and not brown. Sour cream will curdle if the fat content is not high enough (if it is high, it is called creme fraiche, techniquelly) and if you cook it down too much on too hot heat. Next time, use higher fat content and cook on lower heat. Cream, sour cream and creme freche are not really substitutions, not techniquelly and not taste-wise.Mixing butter and sour cream will work, if you take your time and boil down with hardly any or no bubbles.  <sep>  Q: Sauce made from butter and cream is flaking/curdling A: Tender means soft and not brown  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Why would my sauce currdle?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Either oil will work just fine for infusing with chillies, at the end of the day just about any cooking oil will work. Infusing oil with chilli won't change its cooking properties, and both those oils will store fine long-term. If you are going to go for a cold infusion then it's highly recommended that you dry your chillies first so you get a long lasting result. If you don't dry them they will get mushy and rot in the oil, which isn't very pleasant. Drying them in your oven will stink up your house big-time, but it's worth it. Alternatively you can make chili strings with them and they will air dry, or you can freeze them for years and they'll stay good.  <sep>  Q: Appropriate oil to infuse with hot chillies A: at the end of the day just about any cooking oil will work  Q: Are there any reasons not to use cold-pressed rapeseed oil? A: dry your chillies  Q: Is there anything I need to know about storage? A: you can make chili strings  Q: Why will my chillies get mushy if I don't dry them? A: rot in the oil  Q: Does the type of oil I use affect the flavour absorption? A: Infusing oil with chilli won't change its cooking properties  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How do I make chili strings?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Generally speaking, maple syrup will work fine in any recipe that calls for honey. They may have slightly different viscosities and water content, but that could be true between two honeys as well, so I wouldn't worry about it a lot. The only thing I think you really have to consider is whether the flavor of maple syrup is appealing in the dish you would substitute it in. In most cases, I think it will be fine, especially if the dish would have worked well with a dark, fully flavored honey. You might also like to try sorghum syrup, molasses, or agave nectar as other possible replacements.  <sep>  Q: Can I replace honey with maple syrup in recipes that require honey? A: Generally speaking, maple syrup will work fine in any recipe that calls for honey  Q: Are there guidelines for when that substitution will work well? A: The only thing I think you really have to consider is whether the flavor of maple syrup is appealing in the dish you would substitute it in  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any particular recipe where I shouldn't ?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The ripening itself is caused by ethylene gas released by the food, which is trapped by any kind of bag.As far as I know, there's nothing inherently special about a brown paper bag, other than the fact that it's porous and thus still allows some air to get in and out. Plastic ziplock bags have no ventilation, so they don't work nearly as well.  <sep>  Q: Why does a brown paper bag speed ripening? A: The ripening itself is caused by ethylene gas released by the food, which is trapped by any kind of bag  Q: Could I use a clear bag and get the same affect? A: any kind of bag  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you know why we were taught to use a paper bag so it would be in the dark?
Output: No
CONTEXT: First off, when reheating soup, it won't matter much. If you get the pan too hot before you add the soup, you could get some spattering, but that's about it.As for making a fresh batch, there are those who believe that browning the ingredients before adding the liquids will develop more flavor. This will be a lot easier to do with a hot pan, than trying to get a cold pan full of stuff up to a heat sufficient to cause browning. Overall, it's a tradeoff. If you're in a hurry, it might be worth saving the few minutes to just throw everything in the pan and heat it up. If you really want to develop every last bit of flavor, you'll probably be better off heating your pan, browning ingredients, then adding liquid.  <sep>  Q: Should I preheat the pot if I am going to make soup or put in the ingredients and heat it all up together? A: This will be a lot easier to do with a hot pan  Q: So I heat the pan and then add say vegetable oil or I put the oil in when its cold? A: browning the ingredients before adding the liquids will develop more flavor  Q: What if I am reheating a soup that I have in the fridge? A: when reheating soup, it won't matter much  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Should I reheat it on low or high heat?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Your clarification means a lot -- "baked" potato in the U.S. tends to be a whole potato cooked on its own, where the insides become fluffy and creamy, and is done with larger starchy white potatoes, or sweet potatoes work well, too.Roasted potatoes, on the other hand, tends to be (in the U.S.) be smaller "new" potatoes, waxy potatoes, or even larger starchy potatoes cut up (eg, 'oven fries').The starchy potatoes only really hold up well when roasting if it's very high heat or a short amount of time -- if you're going to be cooking them with the roast as there's going to be moisture in there, I'd go for a waxy potato (eg, Red Bliss).As for the browning -- probably coat them well with oil, and if they're not brown enough for your liking when you pull the roast, as you're going to have to rest it anyway, drain the meat juices, crank the oven up to somewhere around 450F (230C) and leave the potatoes in for a few extra minutes.ps. yes, I know a sweet potato isn't a potato. And I also tend to use Yukon Gold for just about everything, as it makes great baked potatoes, and roasted potatoes (although, not sure how well with a roast at the same time) and they're good in pot roast and stews if you don't add them too early.  <sep>  Q: What are the best potatoes for baking? A: larger starchy white potatoes, or sweet potatoes work well, too  Q: I should clarify, I am in Australia and we don't really distinguish between baking and roasting, can you suggest a nice roasting potato? A: Roasted potatoes, on the other hand, tends to be (in the U.S.) be smaller "new" potatoes, waxy potatoes, or even larger starchy potatoes cut up (eg, 'oven fries  Q: What kind of potato would go roast well with beef? A: if you're going to be cooking them with the roast as there's going to be moisture in there, I'd go for a waxy potato (eg, Red Bliss  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Would red bliss potatoes give a nice golden brown finish on the outside?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Ribs should not be cooked with direct heat, generally. The directions on the meat are VERY defective. You should turn the left burner on, and put the ribs in the right side of the grill. You should cook at a temperature between 250-300F, typically for 4-5 hours. They're done when the meat pulls back from the bone and when you can easily tear the meat between bones, not when they hit a certain temperature. Check out amazingribs.com, and also get your money back. The instructions on the packaging border on fraud.  <sep>  Q: I burn my ribs to a crisp, what does "medium high" mean? A: You should cook at a temperature between 250-300F  Q: Where should I put the ribs on the grill without them catching on fire? A: You should turn the left burner on, and put the ribs in the right side of the grill  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: So I shouldn't cook them directly on the flame?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The easiest solution that comes to mind would be to figure out how much you need for a sandwich, remove that from the jar, set it on the counter to come to room temp (or put it in the microwave for 10-15 seconds) and then spread it when it's warmed up. "Refrigerate after opening" doesn't mean that it must be in the fridge every second, though... so even if you left the entire jar on the counter for 30 minutes to warm up, it shouldn't pose much of a problem.  <sep>  Q: What's the easy way to spread peanut butter that is required to stay refrigerated? A: The easiest solution that comes to mind would be to figure out how much you need for a sandwich, remove that from the jar, set it on the counter to come to room temp  Q: Would that be safe since it says must be refrigerated? A: Refrigerate after opening" doesn't mean that it must be in the fridge every second  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: This is the natural, crunc variety have you ever heard of it?
Output: No
CONTEXT: A lot of sourdough recipes don't call for a sponge, per se, because the starter essentially already is a sponge. The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen in the flour before adding it to the final batch. This isn't necessary with sourdough the starter is continuously fermenting and reacting. And your guess is about right, if the proportion of starter you add is too high, the waste products and dead yeast cells in it can cause changes in the gluten that make it very slack and unusable.  <sep>  Q: How does a sourdough sponge work? A: The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen in the flour before adding it to the final batch  Q: Why is it important to increase the fermentation time ? A: The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen in the flour before adding it to the final batch  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: wouldn't the sourdough break down the gluten in the sponge ?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: You might try reducing the cooking heat a little, say on medium heat. That way, the middle will finish cooking without the outside being overcooked. And usually when you flip a pancake it should be almost entirely cooked through anyway. You want to flip when the bubbles are pretty set on the top.  <sep>  Q: How to ensure that the Pancakes get cooked evenly? A: You might try reducing the cooking heat a little, say on medium heat. That way, the middle will finish cooking without the outside being overcooked  Q: The last time I made pancakes, while they were nicely cooked on the outside,###they were still a bit "battery" in the middle. A: when you flip a pancake it should be almost entirely cooked through  Q: But do you has a simple solution to try? A: You want to flip when the bubbles are pretty set on the top  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Yes. i want to flip
Output: No
CONTEXT: For me it very much depends on what meat I am making jerky out of.With the grain is much more solid than against. Just as you might expect.If you are using relatively tender meat then cutting across the grain will result in a batch of jerky crumbs. Cutting with the grain will be good.If you are using very tough meat then cutting with the grain will be absolutely impossible to chew.I often make jerky out of brisket which is very tough. I compromise and cut at a 45deg angle. This results in very tough, jerky but it separates into smaller, more manageable chunks when it is chewed.  <sep>  Q: Should beef jerky be cut with or across the grain? A: For me it very much depends on what meat I am making jerky out of  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the difference in the final product when cutting with vs across the grain?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: No, bartenders do not shake carbonated beverages. I was a bartender for years and I have never known this to happen or be part of a recipe. The carbonated sodas are always put on the top of the glass after pouring. The foam comes from the sugar or egg whites in the sweet n sour mix. You can find that recipe on line. Here is one that is overly complicated, bars rarely (never to my knowledge) use fresh lemon or lime juice. However a good bar uses separate lemon & lime mix for different drinks, or they used to anyway. I personally use limeade or lemonade at home. You can use one of the other or mix them together. Throw that in a shaker & you will get some foam, it works in my blender.  <sep>  Q: Carbonated drinks in cocktail shakers, any ideas ?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Orange and lemon cakes are classics, so there shouldn't be any problem making those layers. I'm not entirely sure how you'd go about making the others, but there should be a way to incorporate fruit puree into cake batter so that the cakes still rise and set.Blueberry, blackberry and raspberry can all be added whole or slightly chopped into a cake (think blueberry muffins), although they do make it moister so you'd want to be careful it doesn't end up too wet. This might work for kiwi and strawberry but I've never tried it with anything like those.You might need a bit of food colouring if you want to emphasise the visual aspects of rainbow layers.  <sep>  Q: Can you make a cake with many different fruit flavors? A: You might need a bit of food colouring if you want to emphasise the visual aspects of rainbow layers  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there any fruit flavor I should avoid because it doesn't go well with other fruit?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I would use any uncolored brandy made from distilled fruit. Himbeergeist, sliwowitz, or what you can lay your hands on. Kirsch doesn't taste much like cherries, and I suspect that it functions more as a solvent for some of the aroma in the spices than for adding its own taste. Even though it does contribute a bit, the taste will be subtle, and other slight fruity notes from a different fruit brandy will blend with the heavy spices just as well. In a pinch, you could use a colored brandy too, like Chantre. But it will add more of its own flavor, and while it can make a good combination, it will be further from the original than a random obstwasser. I would avoid any liqueurs, they will add way too much foreign taste, and also won't have enough alcohol to solve the spices in the same way.  <sep>  Q: Are there substitute for Kirsch in Leckerli (Basel Lackerli) cookies? A: In a pinch, you could use a colored brandy too, like Chantre  Q: Would that change the consistency of the cookie dough? A: But it will add more of its own flavor  Q: What kind of colored brandy would you recommend? A: Chantre  Q: Is that a cherry brandy? A: it will be further from the original than a random obstwasser  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What flavor brandy is it?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If "sharp" means too much alcohol left, bring it back to a simmer and cook off more of it, then adjust with more cream if needed.If "sharp" means too acidic, your options are:(1) add more cream and other ingredients to dilute the acid(2) try to mask the acid with a bit of sugar(3) I guess you could try to neutralize the acid with a very small amount of something basic, like baking soda. But that seems like a bad idea, it will probably taste terrible.  <sep>  Q: Is there a way to fix sharp tasting sauce? A: If "sharp" means too much alcohol left, bring it back to a simmer and cook off more of it, then adjust with more cream if needed  Q: So too much alcohol is why it is sharp tasting? A: If "sharp" means too acidic, your options are  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will it ruin it if I start simmering it again?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Wrapping food in plastic wrap before refrigerating has a few obvious benefits:1) keeps the food from drying out in the fridge.2) prevents odors (garlic, onions, fish, etc.) from transferring between the item in question and everything else in the fridge.3) keeps crumbs, extraneous particles from falling into the food. If there were a lot of mold/microbe life already proliferating in the other refrigerated goodies, it might even serve to slow down slightly their penetration into your new leftover food on intra-fridge air currents (...ovbviously I'm reaching here)But no, you don't have to use the plastic wrap; it's just a custom.  <sep>  Q: Do I need to seal the food with food wrap before put them in the fridge?###I've always seen friends putting leftover, cooked food in the fridge with food wrap. ### I asked them why they are doing it and they don't even know why they are doing it. ###It is necessary to put just cooked food in the fridge with food wrap? A: Wrapping food in plastic wrap before refrigerating has a few obvious benefits  Q: such as? A: 1) keeps the food from drying out in the fridge.2) prevents odors (garlic, onions, fish, etc.) from transferring between the item in question and everything else in the fridge  Q: I see. ###So you recommend sealing it with food wrap? A: But no, you don't have to use the plastic wrap; it's just a custom.  Q: what do you suggest? A: keeps crumbs, extraneous particles from falling into the food. If there were a lot of mold/microbe life already proliferating in the other refrigerated goodies  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: any other suggestions for me
Output: No
CONTEXT: Advantages of glass: you can see the product....the container does not pick up any flavor or color from the product...other than that, in this case (refrigerator pickle) there is no reason not to use your plastic. In fact, the only reason to use glass, that I can think of, is if you we going to can your pickles for extended shelf life. Then, of course, would would need Mason jars or equivalent. Fermenting, doesn't have much to do with this question either. I often store homemade sauerkraut and kimchee in plastic quart containers without issue.  <sep>  Q: Refrigerator pickles in plastic or glass?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: For protection against heat, you can stabalize the milk with starches. (eg, a white sauce made with milk won't curdle, even if you boil it). I unfortunately don't know how much you'd have to add, and of course, it'll end up affecting the texture of your soup).For soups, you're likely better off making a corn starch/milk slurry before adding the milk, so you don't have to cook it like you would flour to get rid of the raw flour taste.You may also want to consider the heat that you're cooking the soup at -- you likely want a low simmer, not a full boil.  <sep>  Q: If I'm using milk as an ingredient in soup, how can I prevent it from curdling? A: For protection against heat, you can stabalize the milk with starches. (eg, a white sauce made with milk won't curdle, even if you boil it  Q: What starches can I stabilize it with? A: For soups, you're likely better off making a corn starch  Q: Why is a corn starch better for soups? A: so you don't have to cook it like you would flour to get rid of the raw flour taste  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Are there any other starches I could use?
Output: No
CONTEXT: rfusca already gave very good suggestions for the literal question from the title. However, you can also address your problem the other way round. First, cook the soup until your noodles are al dente (but will become just right while cooling at a normal speed). Take the big pot of soup off the heat. Second, take a small pot, and fill it with just one portion of soup per eater. Put it on the heat, and cook until the noodles are done. (Alternatively, put the single portions into porcelain bowls and microwave until the noodles are ready - it spares you washing an additional pot, but I wouldn't nuke a good soup for no reason). Third, eat your cooked soup portions and let the big pot of soup slowly cool on its own. Fourth, freeze the soup from the big pot. Finis. Note that from a food safety point of view, you are better off with flash cooling the soup. But what I outlined here is probably much simple and hassle-free. Plus, 2-3 liters of soup minus a portion or two should spend less than the magical 4 hours in the danger zone while cooling. If you are doing this with a very big pot of soup and feeding lots of people, you should probably prefer a rapid cooling.  <sep>  Q: How can I stop the cooking in my chicken and noodle soup? A: First, cook the soup until your noodles are al dente (but will become just right while cooling at a normal speed). Take the big pot of soup off the heat  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Most of what I cook goes into the fridge. While I'm doing that the leftovers get overcooked###How can I prevent that?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I'd suggest skinless bone-in chicken thighs, as they have plenty of fat and collagen to keep them moist and tasty. I've cooked them in French-style wine-based stews, not to mention cacciatorre, for 2-3 hours before now and they just fall off the bone. It is virtually impossible to overcook them, unless you boil them mercilessly for hours. Just get a nice gentle simmer going - not only will this make the meat tender, but it will improve the flavour of the tomato sauce as well.Do not use chicken breast - it is far too lean.  <sep>  Q: what is a Substitution for beef (veal) in a stew? A: I'd suggest skinless bone-in chicken thighs, as they have plenty of fat and collagen to keep them moist and tasty  Q: will it takes longer to cook the stew? A: I've cooked them in French-style wine-based stews, not to mention cacciatorre, for 2-3 hours before now and they just fall off the bone  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: what about stewing beef?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Either oil will work just fine for infusing with chillies, at the end of the day just about any cooking oil will work. Infusing oil with chilli won't change its cooking properties, and both those oils will store fine long-term. If you are going to go for a cold infusion then it's highly recommended that you dry your chillies first so you get a long lasting result. If you don't dry them they will get mushy and rot in the oil, which isn't very pleasant. Drying them in your oven will stink up your house big-time, but it's worth it. Alternatively you can make chili strings with them and they will air dry, or you can freeze them for years and they'll stay good.  <sep>  Q: What oil do I use to infuse with hot chilis?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The most common reason for leakage with Cordon Bleu Chicken is that the packets are too thick, which makes it impossible to get a perfect fold; you need to pound the breasts very thin - less than 1/2", maybe a little more than 1/4".The other "trick" is to make a small cut along the folded edge of the breast after you fold and seal the packets, which essentially makes it almost like a sandwich; the top and bottom parts can move independently and you don't have tension trying to pull the top piece away.Just don't cut so deep that you cause an immediate leak; if you've pounded the breast to 1/3" thickness, then your cut should be no more than about 1/8".If you do it this way, you shouldn't even need to use toothpicks; I never do, and I haven't sprung a single leak in my last 20 or so preparations.  <sep>  Q: How do I stop cheese from leaking out of my cordon bleu chicken? A: The most common reason for leakage with Cordon Bleu Chicken is that the packets are too thick, which makes it impossible to get a perfect fold; you need to pound the breasts very thin  Q: I usually flour my chicken, does that help in anyway? A: The other "trick" is to make a small cut along the folded edge of the breast after you fold and seal the packets, which essentially makes it almost like a sandwich  Q: Why is cutting it important? A: the top and bottom parts can move independently and you don't have tension trying to pull the top piece away  Q: How does this help in the baking? I usually use toothpicks to stop the breast from opening. A: f you do it this way, you shouldn't even need to use toothpicks; I never do, and I haven't sprung a single leak in my last 20 or so preparations  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you coat your chicken before baking?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If you mean cleaning in terms of getting rid of the 'beard', use clean pliers and a lot of elbow grease. It's hard to pull that out.If you mean just cleaning the shells, use a stiff bristled brush and scrub.If you mean cleaning the sand from the inside of the mussels, put the live mussels in a large container full of water and cornmeal and leave overnight in the refrigerator. The mussels should flush the sand out and replace it with cornmeal (never tried this method, but I've heard it works well.)  <sep>  Q: What is the best way to clean mussels? A: f you mean cleaning the sand from the inside of the mussels, put the live mussels in a large container full of water and cornmeal and leave overnight in the refrigerator  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I've tried scrapping with a knife (scissors), but it's hard work and slow. Any other idea?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The most common reason for leakage with Cordon Bleu Chicken is that the packets are too thick, which makes it impossible to get a perfect fold; you need to pound the breasts very thin - less than 1/2", maybe a little more than 1/4".The other "trick" is to make a small cut along the folded edge of the breast after you fold and seal the packets, which essentially makes it almost like a sandwich; the top and bottom parts can move independently and you don't have tension trying to pull the top piece away.Just don't cut so deep that you cause an immediate leak; if you've pounded the breast to 1/3" thickness, then your cut should be no more than about 1/8".If you do it this way, you shouldn't even need to use toothpicks; I never do, and I haven't sprung a single leak in my last 20 or so preparations.  <sep>  Q: How can I keep the cheese from leaking out of my cordon bleu during cooking? A: you need to pound the breasts very thin - less than 1/2", maybe a little more than 1/4  Q: Do I do anything with the pounded breast before filling? A: The other "trick" is to make a small cut along the folded edge of the breast after you fold and seal the packets, which essentially makes it almost like a sandwich  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How do I keep it closed?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Thank you to everyone for your great advice. I ended up using a combination of everyone's answers.I prepared the meatballs the night before and cooked them in the oven as per usual. I stored them overnight in the fridge in a large ice cream tub, rather than refrigerating the crock. (Thanks for that tip Joe and MargeGunderson.)In the morning, I combined everything in the crock pot and brought it to work. I started the crock pot on low at 8am. Everything was already cooked, so no need to worry there. The meatballs were heated through by noon. (Thanks everyone for the tip on starting early. Thanks nico for the assurance on "mush".)Now, time for lunch!  <sep>  Q: How long do meatballs in sauce need to be heated in a crock pot?###I'm participating in a pot luck lunch this week. I'm bringing fully cooked meatballs, served in pasta sauce. My plan is to make the meatballs (around 30 - 40) the night before, cook them fully in the oven, and refrigerate them overnight in the crock pot without the sauce.
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: The bottom of the 8" pan is a bit less than half the size. For a 2" deep-dish, there's a 2-inch high (if you take it to the top) 8Ï circumferential strip for another 16Ï, and presumably the 12" dough is for a flat pizza. At 32Ï .vs. 36Ï I'd do the whole box, unless your deep dish isn't really all that deep.I'm also a bit concerned about the "never used" cast iron pan needing some seasoning, but perhaps it's "lodge logic" pre-seasoned.  <sep>  Q: What kind of pizza crust mix for pizza with cast iron pan? A: For a 2" deep-dish, there's a 2-inch high (if you take it to the top) 8Ï circumferential strip for another 16Ï, and presumably the 12" dough is for a flat pizza  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will that work in an 8" Lodge pan that's 2" deep?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I've never tried steaming bok choy, but yes, the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds.For stir frys I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs. I slice the ribs into about 5mm / 3/16" slices, and add them towards the end; the leaves I cut into ribbons (perpendicular to the ribs), and stir them in at the last second, so they barely cook. The center I just chop the top off the leafy bit, and slice the more rib-like bits a litte larger than the rest of the ribs (they're thinner, so cook faster).As I've never tried steaming it, and I don't tend to cook in bags (except for silver turtles when camping), this is going to be a complete guess. Now, it tastes fine al dente, so you could leave the ribs as large as I use for a stir fry, but en papillote tends to be fancier cooking, so I'd probably try for maybe 1/6" slices or a little thicker (maybe 2-3mm), and if you had a mandoline so they all came out even, that'd be great. I'd still cut the leaves into ribbons, just because it's easier to eat than a huge intact leaf.I'd assume that the leaves would cook at a similar rate as spinich, and the ribs closer to fennel, if that helps at all.  <sep>  Q: How should I prepare Bok Choy before I cook it? A: I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Won't the leaf cook much faster than the rib?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Everyone gave thoughtful and helpful answers, but when I went to get to cooking this weekend, I discovered that the problem I've been experiencing was actually another issue altogether. My problem was undercooking, plain and simple. I did incorporate Dani and ChernoffDad's techniques, and I can't say that they didn't help. However, the samples I tasted partway through cooking were not unlike my typical results. It was after extended cooking that these guys really softened up to my liking.  <sep>  Q: Can you tell me how to make Fluffy Matzo balls?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Lime juice isn't going to make it less spicy, if anything I've found it accentuates the spiciness a bit although I'm not sure of the mechanism. It could be that the acidity frees up more capsaicin compounds (what makes hot food hot), or wakes up your taste buds more. Most likely you have simply added a weak jalapeno. Peppers of the same variety can vary in heat strength quite a bit depending on the where and how it was grown, although you'll get weak and strong peppers from the same plant. You can make up for the lack of spice by adding more jalapeno or a bit of hot chili powder.  <sep>  Q: Does lime juice make jalapeÃ±os less spicy? A: Lime juice isn't going to make it less spicy, if anything I've found it accentuates the spiciness a bit  Q: Can you suggest the reason why mine tastes less spicy? A: Most likely you have simply added a weak jalapeno. Peppers of the same variety can vary in heat strength quite a bit  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Which pepper do you think have the highest strength of spicy?
Output: No
CONTEXT: A chinoise will not--I speak from daily experience--filter out vanilla seeds. A coffee filter would, but my question is: why on earth would you bother? It's annoying to do (and depending on what the product is, filtering through a coffee filter would ensure you lose other things), and seeing actual vanilla seeds in the final product tells your guests that you are using real vanilla beans, not extract.Professional kitchens do not, generally speaking, attempt to remove the seeds for the reasons noted above.@stephenmacdonald, most dessert recipes that call for a fine mesh strainer do so because there is the possibility of chunky things ending up in the product. In the case of that recipe, I would guess it is to prevent chunks of undissolved gelatine from ending up in the final dessert.  <sep>  Q: Can I filter out vanilla bean seeds? A: A chinoise will not--I speak from daily experience--filter out vanilla seeds. A coffee filter would, but my question is: why on earth would you bother  Q: When I use seeds I scrape out of vanilla beans in my desserts, it always leaves black specks. ###It doesn't seem to alter the taste, but it's not as pretty as professional works. A: seeing actual vanilla seeds in the final product tells your guests that you are using real vanilla beans, not extract  Q: That makes sense. I'd rather my panna cotta be pristine and white, though. A: Professional kitchens do not, generally speaking, attempt to remove the seeds for the reasons noted above  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Oh, really? Do they use imitation extract? I don't recall seeing the bits of seeds in restaurant food.
Output: No
CONTEXT: The brown color of the stock comes from the cooking method, not the kind of bones, a chicken stock cooked in the "brown stock" method can be as dark as what we expect beef stock to be.Roasting the bones was a good start; but you also need to brown the vegetables, either with the bones for the last half hour or in a pan on the stovetop.One of the most important parts of brown stock is to add tomato to the vegetable mix, either finely diced or more often tomato paste. Cooking the tomato to a dark brick red will round out the components needed to make a very dark stock. Whether you roast all the ingredients together in the oven or separate the vegetables to the stove; deglazing everything as you did helps the flavor, color, and of course makes cleaning the pans easier :)  <sep>  Q: Why did my brown beef stock end up yellow? A: The brown color of the stock comes from the cooking method  Q: Ah, I see. What is the best method? A: Roasting the bones was a good start; but you also need to brown the vegetables, either with the bones for the last half hour or in a pan on the stovetop  Q: Brown them, like with a broiler, or fry pan? A: Cooking the tomato to a dark brick red will round out the components needed to make a very dark stock  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Although which method is best for browning the stock and bones?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I'm specifically answering your question "Is it okay to use a microwave in convection mode without the turntable?" -- Yes.Your own answer points out the reality that if a pan is too large then the turn table will simply hit the sides of the microwave oven and then stop turning. There is nothing wrong with this. There is nothing wrong or damaging to have a metal tin touch the metal sides of your oven.How was your baked items bottom? If you can sit your tin up so there is air flow under your tin, then you will improve the baking efficiency and it will bake more evenly.CAUTION: If anyone else is reading this question and wondering about their own machine, then you really need to take caution about the "convention only" mode. You have to make sure there are NO microwaves in this mode or else your metal will conduct and you could have a serious explosion or break your microwave oven.  <sep>  Q: Is it okay to use a microwave in convection mode without the turntable? A: Yes  Q: Even if my microwave doens't have a stop turntable button? A: There is nothing wrong or damaging to have a metal tin touch the metal sides of your oven  Q: So can I remove it altogether and use just an oven rack ? A: You have to make sure there are NO microwaves in this mode or else your metal will conduct and you could have a serious explosion or break your microwave oven.  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any other sugggestions?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Mixing it with milk (or liquid in general) is probably just to remove clumps. It clumps easily, especially when things aren't perfectly airtight (probably more common in your grandmother's time), and mixing in a small amount of liquid is an easy way to make sure it all breaks up.I'm less sure about the alternating. It is pretty common to alternate wet and dry as a way of getting things evenly mixed and avoiding lumps, so it's possible it's a variation on that. The paste might be too thick to easily mix into the wet, but also wet enough that it'd tend to stay as a lump if you mix it straight into the dry, so alternating wet-dry-paste might get you more even mixing? But if you're able to mix the paste smoothly into the wet, it's completely fine to just do that.  <sep>  Q: Why pre-mix baking soda into 2 tsp of milk? A: Mixing it with milk (or liquid in general) is probably just to remove clumps  Q: How do I evenly distribute it in the dough? A: mixing in a small amount of liquid is an easy way to make sure it all breaks up  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the texture of the cake if I don't do this step?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I often use this technique at home to cook proteins. It shortens cooking time by using steam as a heat transfer medium to cook the top of the item at the same time as the bottom.You can also use this method on frittatas, dumplings, etc.You can also use flavored liquids to impart flavor as well. I particularly like hard cider with chicken and pork.  <sep>  Q: Why do fry cooks use water to cook burgers? A: It shortens cooking time by using steam as a heat transfer medium to cook the top of the item at the same time as the bottom  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the thing they put on top of it to cover it while cooking?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The overcooked exterior and undercooked interior indicates that your oil temperature is too high or your fritters are too large. You should be able to solve your problem by frying at a lower temperature and/or making the fritters smaller. 340Â°F-360Â°F seems to be the temperature used by many recipes for fritters.  <sep>  Q: Why are my apple fritters too doughy in the center? A: oil temperature is too high or your fritters are too large  Q: What advice can you give me on temperature and size? A: You should be able to solve your problem by frying at a lower temperature and/or making the fritters smaller  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there a change I can make to my recipe such as adding less water?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Nutrition itself is off-topic. However, keep in mind the following:There are many compounds in tea leaves and some dissolve early, and some a little later. At some point (around 5-10 minutes of steeping at ~95Â°C), you will lose majority of the 'good stuff' and continue picking up less desirable compounds. You will notice that while colour might persist, the taste will be come less and less desirable. In some cultures re-using tea leaves is considered a faux-pas because of this.If you find your tea to be too strong after steeping, the best thing is to reduce the amount of leaves for the next time; as opposed to steeping them multiple times.  <sep>  Q: Steeping green tea leaves - how many times can I steep them, and do they lose flavanoids over steeps? A: At some point (around 5-10 minutes of steeping at ~95Â°C), you will lose majority of the 'good stuff' and continue picking up less desirable compounds  Q: How many times can I use the same tea leaves? A: If you find your tea to be too strong after steeping, the best thing is to reduce the amount of leaves for the next time; as opposed to steeping them multiple times  Q: What is the right temperature for the water to steep the tea? A: 95Â°C  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What are flavanoids?
Output: No