niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
CONTEXT: I don't think you can any better than light brown soft sugar!It has a similar taste, similar moisture content (though palm sugar varies hugely in moisture content from a thick honey texture to a solid block), similar color and caramelizes in a similar way.An ever closer option is jaggery, which is almost identical to palm sugar, just made from sugar cane rather than palms. It is probably more difficult to get hold of though, and the difference is rarely noticeable in a finished dish, so I would say light brown sugar is your best option  <sep>  Q: What can I substitute for palm sugar? A: I don't think you can any better than light brown soft sugar  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Would I use equal parts of brown sugar for palm sugar?
Output: No
CONTEXT: One of your possible answers is pretty close to what I think is the correct one. To flavor carnitas all the way through, put them back in the braising liquid that has been reduced since cooking the pork. You can create a kind of glaze out of the braising liquid, and toss the shredded pork in that (defat the braising liquid before reducing it).BTW, I never fry carnitas. I may throw them on a greased grill, but I never deep or shallow fry them.  <sep>  Q: How can I get my flavorings to flavor my carnitas all the way through the pork? A: To flavor carnitas all the way through, put them back in the braising liquid that has been reduced since cooking the pork  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I use cheap meat, so will a better meat work better?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Surprisingly, an egg is the most difficult thing to cook. McDonalds serves a lot of eggs in their breakfast menus and they haven't found a way yet to mass prefry / prcook these suckers. So I doubt this could be done.I tried half cooking scrambled eggs before and then finishing them off later, and the result was crap at best.I doubt you can do that with non-scrambled eggs, as the yolks and whites will change physical properties when heated / cooled / reheated  <sep>  Q: Have you tried frying eggs on a large scale?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Dust all three inclusions (the chips and nuts) and then place half of the plain batter (that has no inclusions added) in the pan(s), add the inclusions to the remaining batter and mix lightly. Pour that batter evenly over the batter already in the pan(s) and bake. Don't cut the pistachios in more than half or they will be too small.  <sep>  Q: I was wondering how to add pistachios to my white chocolate mudcake? A: Dust all three inclusions (the chips and nuts) and then place half of the plain batter  Q: Does the size of the pistachio matter? I want a good size one so people can really taste them in the cake. A: Don't cut the pistachios in more than half or they will be too small  Q: What is the best method to prevent the chocolate chips from sinking to the bottom. A: Pour that batter evenly over the batter already in the pan(s) and bake  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do the pistachios require any extra precautions?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If you want a similar texture and flavor, I recommend trying other similar root vegetables. I use turnips and parsnips in similar applications. They're both dense, white and have a slight sweetness to them and they should hold up relatively well to long cooking times.You might also enjoy yucca which can have a cooked texture similar to a cross between potato and banana. I've not tried them in this sort of application specifically but I think they should work.  <sep>  Q: what are some alternatives? to potatoes A: If you want a similar texture and flavor, I recommend trying other similar root vegetables  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What are the most recommended?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: I would strongly suggest not pouring cold or any other kind of water on pasta; it will rinse the delicious starches off its surface, which would otherwise help your sauce cling to it.To counteract the negative consequences of overcooking due to remaining heat (which, as belisarius suggests in his answer, is the reason other stuff is often rinsed with cold water), just serve it immediately. You want to have the sauce (hot and) ready just before your pasta is, so you can drain the pasta, mix with the sauce, and put it on the table.  <sep>  Q: Why pour cold water on pasta after cooking?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Fish sauce! I think the clam juice is probably already a substitute for fish sauce anyway, so it should make a very good substitute. (If you look up recipes for Thai beef salad you'll find tons of things with fish sauce, and probably not much with clam juice.)You probably want to use less, though, maybe starting with 2-4 tablespoons, though I've seen recipes using more.It should be fine for the dietary restriction too; it's just made with anchovies, not an unknown blend of seafood, but of course check the label just in case.  <sep>  Q: What can I use instead of clam juice? A: Fish sauce! I think the clam juice is probably already a substitute for fish sauce anyway, so it should make a very good substitute  Q: will the fish sauce have a similar flavor and/or consistency contribution to the recipe? A: You probably want to use less, though, maybe starting with 2-4 tablespoons, though I've seen recipes using more  Q: I'm cooking for somebody who doesn't eat shellfish so is the fish sause safe ? A: It should be fine for the dietary restriction too; it's just made with anchovies, not an unknown blend of seafood, but of course check the label just in case  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: can I replace the lime juice with lemon ?
Output: No
CONTEXT: you know better than I do, it depends on the orange and type of orange. My mom, an executive chef, used to say that you'd allow 1-2 lb of oranges for 1 drinkable cup of orange juice. I really think, that it's highly dependent on the type of orange. I know naval and blood oranges are the juiciest compared to other varieties.  <sep>  Q: How much juice can you get from an orange? A: My mom, an executive chef, used to say that you'd allow 1-2 lb of oranges for 1 drinkable cup of orange juice  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there a certain method I should use?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Well, if air is the only raising agent, simply add less of it by not beating the mixture as much. Failing that, beat as normal, then give the mixing bowl a couple of (careful) bangs on the counter top to knock the air out it again.A bit of experimentation will be necessary to get the right results, I think: perhaps pour some of the mixture into the tin as is, then knock the air out of the remaining mixture and compare the results.  <sep>  Q: How do I stop my brownies from rising?###I have been trying out brownie recipes baked in a muffin tin. I am using the muffin tin so that I can get all edges. (And I have been decorating the tops!) My brownies tend to rise, in my opinion, too much.###This rising is also not quite uniform for all the brownies. Some are flatter than others. The result tastes fine, but is not dense like other brownies. A: Well, if air is the only raising agent, simply add less of it by not beating the mixture as much  Q: Other than maybe air that I beat in, there are no rising agents. How do I stop the brownies rising to get denser brownies? A: Failing that, beat as normal, then give the mixing bowl a couple of (careful) bangs on the counter top to knock the air out it again  Q: How do I make sure I dont overdo it? A: A bit of experimentation will be necessary to get the right results  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there any other suggestion for me?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Venison is, generally, an extremely lean meat. This means it responds well to two cooking methods: very very fast and very very hot (grilling, perhaps roasting with a lot of basting, or lard the meat first), or very very slow and moist (braising). This is of course dependent on the cut; loin is best grilled, shoulder is best braised (due to the connective tissue), leg is best roasted.I wouldn't use plain water as a braising liquid. 50/50 water and red wine, or stock and wine, or just stock... cider would be lovely, so would various juices.  <sep>  Q: How do I get good results with marinaded venison?###I had some deer ragout and let it marinade one day in wine, brandy and with some spices. ###Then I added some fresh vegetables, cold water and put the heat on. Let it simmer for a couple of hours. The result was OK, but not great (and don't we all aspire for greatness?)###How can I improve on this technique? A: This is of course dependent on the cut; loin is best grilled, shoulder is best braised (due to the connective tissue), leg is best roasted  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: any other suggestion for me
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: It really depends on your audience and setting. With a Filipino Lechon, it's served communally and eaten as pulled pork, so it's expected that you'll just plunk it down on a side table, and people will crack through the crisp, almost hard, skin and pull servings for themselves with tongs or forks. And they'll go for the whole thing, skin, ears, jowls and all (most people I know don't eat the ears, but they may crunch the crispy skin off them).A similar thing is done with a country-style hog roast. Those may be skinned before serving, but generally you're responsible for pulling or slicing what you want right off the hog (and usually throwing it on a cheapo burger bun). In both of these settings there are almost always some people who don't want to dig right into the pig out of squeamishness or out of fear of getting some part that's not nice to eat. The good host will periodically pull some of the good stuff onto a platter for those folks.If you're doing something more formal, I guess you'd want to section it like Foodrules suggests.  <sep>  Q: How do I serve a whole pig? A: It really depends on your audience and setting  Q: Would there be a lot of butchering involved? A: Those may be skinned before serving, but generally you're responsible for pulling or slicing what you want right off the hog (and usually throwing it on a cheapo burger bun  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is it easy to pull the meat off?
Output: No
CONTEXT: In most wheat-based recipes, gluten strands are formed while you work the dough. If you don't rest the dough, rolling can be more difficult and you may get a tougher texture in the final product.Additionally, refrigerating the dough up to a certain point will firm up the fats in the recipe (butter, etc), which will make the dough less mushy and will making rolling out the dough evenly a bit easier. Unless the dough is so firm it becomes brittle, refrigeration will make the dough less fragile in most cases.Perhaps less important, the moisture levels may become a bit more consistent throughout the dough as well.  <sep>  Q: Why should I rest gingerbread dough? A: In most wheat-based recipes, gluten strands are formed while you work the dough. If you don't rest the dough, rolling can be more difficult and you may get a tougher texture in the final product  Q: Should I let it rest at room temperature, or in the refrigerator? A: refrigerating the dough up to a certain point will firm up the fats in the recipe (butter, etc), which will make the dough less mushy and will making rolling out the dough evenly a bit easier  Q: Will it make a difference cutting it into shapes? A: nless the dough is so firm it becomes brittle, refrigeration will make the dough less fragile in most cases  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does it rise like bread?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I've never tried steaming bok choy, but yes, the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds.For stir frys I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs. I slice the ribs into about 5mm / 3/16" slices, and add them towards the end; the leaves I cut into ribbons (perpendicular to the ribs), and stir them in at the last second, so they barely cook. The center I just chop the top off the leafy bit, and slice the more rib-like bits a litte larger than the rest of the ribs (they're thinner, so cook faster).As I've never tried steaming it, and I don't tend to cook in bags (except for silver turtles when camping), this is going to be a complete guess. Now, it tastes fine al dente, so you could leave the ribs as large as I use for a stir fry, but en papillote tends to be fancier cooking, so I'd probably try for maybe 1/6" slices or a little thicker (maybe 2-3mm), and if you had a mandoline so they all came out even, that'd be great. I'd still cut the leaves into ribbons, just because it's easier to eat than a huge intact leaf.I'd assume that the leaves would cook at a similar rate as spinich, and the ribs closer to fennel, if that helps at all.  <sep>  Q: How should I prepare Bok Choy before I cook it? A: For stir frys I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs  Q: Are the leaves usable? A: yes, the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: how long do the rib take to cook?
Output: No
CONTEXT: A bunch of spinach usually weighs something like 250-500 grams. My best guess is that something like half that is the stems, which can easily be as long as the leaves. So very roughly, I'd say a bunch is 125-250 grams. Alternately, if you want to go by volume (e.g. if your store has bulk loose baby spinach), think of a bunch as something like a head of lettuce, except with the bottom third to half mostly stems.Full-size spinach also definitely gets a lot better than 4x6 cm leaves, so you may still be using somewhat more tender baby spinach,Â but that of course won't cause you any problems. (The stems on baby spinach are tender enough to eat, especially when blending, so you can use everything in your bags.)In any case, smoothies are really forgiving - not only do you not need a lot of precision, but you can just add and blend until the color and flavor look how you want!  <sep>  Q: How much is a bunch of spinach? A: A bunch of spinach usually weighs something like 250-500 grams  Q: Doesn't that seem like a lot to put in a smoothie? A: Alternately, if you want to go by volume (e.g. if your store has bulk loose baby spinach), think of a bunch as something like a head of lettuce, except with the bottom third to half mostly stems  Q: So is 250 grams a 1/2 bunch or full bunch? A: So very roughly, I'd say a bunch is 125-250 grams  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Would frozen spinach work just as good for smoothies?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Wood for culinary uses should be oiled with food grade vegetable oilThe olive oil from you pizza dough should be enough to keep it fine for many yearsWhen not being used, make sure it is stored some where dark, dry, and not too warm. Make sure it is 100% clean and dry before you put it away  <sep>  Q: How do you protect a pizza peel made out of wood? A: Wood for culinary uses should be oiled with food grade vegetable oil  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Where should I store it ?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: You can add quite a lot of tomato paste/puree but this will mask the fresh flavour of your tomatoes. I think I'd just reduce the soup down once it was made or add carrots. Carrot flavour really complements tomato soup and many tomato soups recipes require carrots. The starch will then help you thicken the soup.  <sep>  Q: How to get a thicker soup from watery tomatoes?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: This will also water down the flavour of the soup. Depending on the type of soup you are making you may have some cooking liquid left over which would be far preferable to plain water.In fact it's not a bad idea to start with a little more cooking liquid than necessary. Use a fine-mesh sieve to separate the soup ingredients from the cooking liquid. You can then re-introduce the cooking-liquid a bit at a time until you arrive at the right texture. That gives you a margin of error.Adding milk, cream or sour cream are also possibilities, again, depending on the soup.  <sep>  Q: Can I adjust soup texture right before serving? A: Adding milk, cream or sour cream are also possibilities, again, depending on the soup  Q: What is the best additive to improve with out taking away?###Is there anything I can do to help before the texture is off? A: Use a fine-mesh sieve to separate the soup ingredients from the cooking liquid. You can then re-introduce the cooking-liquid a bit at a time until you arrive at the right texture  Q: Should I add more flavor after adding the additive?###Will this always work? ###What aspects change after adding the additive? A: This will also water down the flavour of the soup. Depending on the type of soup you are making you may have some cooking liquid left over which would be far preferable to plain water  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What additive provides the best taste while aiding in texture?###How long should the water boil?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Beans freeze marvelously. I put mine in freezer bags and lay them flat so they freeze quickly and are easier to thaw.They are very sturdy little nuggets of joy and hold up well to canning or freezing without getting mushy.Different beans behave differently. Pintos soften quickly and don't have much of a skin. Black beans keep their shape and skin a lot longer. Kidney beans are in the middle- if you boil them too long they will mash but they are a lot sturdier than pintos.  <sep>  Q: Can you preserve canned kidney beans so that they still have their shape? A: They are very sturdy little nuggets of joy and hold up well to canning or freezing without getting mushy  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: how long would they last freezing?
Output: No
CONTEXT: No, the fat will not render at about 50 C (122 F).However, you said core temperature, which implies the surface temperature will be higher assuming you are not cooking in a 50 C oven (which you should not, for safety reasons). If you are pre-cooking the steak at, for example 120 C (250 F), the surface will be hotter by the time the center reaches your target temperature, so you may get some rendering.Still, there is a quite simple answer: trim the excess fat. What remains should char and develop a good flavor when you sear it on the grill.  <sep>  Q: When I cook a steak, will the fats render if it is slow cooked at low temps? A: the fat will not render at about 50 C (122 F  Q: Is there a suggested temp I cook at then? A: However, you said core temperature, which implies the surface temperature will be higher assuming you are not cooking in a 50 C oven  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How long should I cook it?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If "sharp" means too much alcohol left, bring it back to a simmer and cook off more of it, then adjust with more cream if needed.If "sharp" means too acidic, your options are:(1) add more cream and other ingredients to dilute the acid(2) try to mask the acid with a bit of sugar(3) I guess you could try to neutralize the acid with a very small amount of something basic, like baking soda. But that seems like a bad idea, it will probably taste terrible.  <sep>  Q: What is the Way to fix sharp tasting sauce? A: If "sharp" means too much alcohol left, bring it back to a simmer and cook off more of it, then adjust with more cream if needed  Q: How do i keep it from getting sharp in the first place? A: add more cream and other ingredients to dilute the acid  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you have to boil every sauce before using it
Output: No
CONTEXT: You can but the result will be much thicker than that with the whole milk, and they won't taste as good due to the reduction of fat. You could add some oil or other fat to make up the diffrence, although that will most likely change the taste as well.  <sep>  Q: Can I substitute skim milk for whole milk in a caramel recipe?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: What gives spices their flavors are the oils that they contain, along with any water soluble flavors that they might have. In a pressure cooker, your food will cook hot. What that means to your spices will vary as certain spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them. Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors, although that would seem to fly in the face of physics as you aren't reducing while pressure cooking, you are just heating steam at a higher atmosphere to transfer more heat to the food faster.As for texture, use the one that you like.  <sep>  Q: What the difference between cooking vegetable curries in a pressure cooker and a wok? A: Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors  Q: Does that mean I will get a more flavorful vegetable currie in a pressure cooker? A: What that means to your spices will vary as certain spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them  Q: Will the spices change their taste when cooked in Kadhai versus pressure cooker? A: spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What kind of spices would beome bitter?
Output: No
CONTEXT: This will also water down the flavour of the soup. Depending on the type of soup you are making you may have some cooking liquid left over which would be far preferable to plain water.In fact it's not a bad idea to start with a little more cooking liquid than necessary. Use a fine-mesh sieve to separate the soup ingredients from the cooking liquid. You can then re-introduce the cooking-liquid a bit at a time until you arrive at the right texture. That gives you a margin of error.Adding milk, cream or sour cream are also possibilities, again, depending on the soup.  <sep>  Q: Can I adjust soup texture right before serving? A: Adding milk, cream or sour cream are also possibilities, again, depending on the soup  Q: What is the best additive to improve with out taking away?###Is there anything I can do to help before the texture is off? A: Use a fine-mesh sieve to separate the soup ingredients from the cooking liquid. You can then re-introduce the cooking-liquid a bit at a time until you arrive at the right texture  Q: Should I add more flavor after adding the additive?###Will this always work? ###What aspects change after adding the additive? A: This will also water down the flavour of the soup. Depending on the type of soup you are making you may have some cooking liquid left over which would be far preferable to plain water  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How much water should I add?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Either oil will work just fine for infusing with chillies, at the end of the day just about any cooking oil will work. Infusing oil with chilli won't change its cooking properties, and both those oils will store fine long-term. If you are going to go for a cold infusion then it's highly recommended that you dry your chillies first so you get a long lasting result. If you don't dry them they will get mushy and rot in the oil, which isn't very pleasant. Drying them in your oven will stink up your house big-time, but it's worth it. Alternatively you can make chili strings with them and they will air dry, or you can freeze them for years and they'll stay good.  <sep>  Q: Appropriate oil to infuse with hot chillies
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Ripening of the avocado is slowed down greatly by refrigeration, so it is usually a good idea to let the avocado ripen fully at room temperature. Once it is ripe, it can be stored in the refrigerator for at least a week. This way, it is ready to use whenever you want it. Fortunately, there is a day or two when the avocado is ripe, but not too ripe, so if you check on it everyday when ripening, you will be able to save it at the correct ripeness without worrying about it too much.Putting an unripened avocado in the refrigerator may prevent it from ever ripening completely. Once cooled to near freezing (40F in most refrigerators), it seems that some avocados (maybe it depends on the type) don't ripen anymore, even when removed to room temperature.  <sep>  Q: Will avocado stay fresh longer if stored in the refrigerator? A: Once it is ripe, it can be stored in the refrigerator for at least a week  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Should it be in the crisper drawer?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I would use any uncolored brandy made from distilled fruit. Himbeergeist, sliwowitz, or what you can lay your hands on. Kirsch doesn't taste much like cherries, and I suspect that it functions more as a solvent for some of the aroma in the spices than for adding its own taste. Even though it does contribute a bit, the taste will be subtle, and other slight fruity notes from a different fruit brandy will blend with the heavy spices just as well. In a pinch, you could use a colored brandy too, like Chantre. But it will add more of its own flavor, and while it can make a good combination, it will be further from the original than a random obstwasser. I would avoid any liqueurs, they will add way too much foreign taste, and also won't have enough alcohol to solve the spices in the same way.  <sep>  Q: What can I substitute for Kirsch in Leckerli (Basel Lackerli) cookies? A: I would use any uncolored brandy made from distilled fruit. Himbeergeist, sliwowitz, or what you can lay your hands on  Q: Do you think any cherry liquer would work okay? A: I would avoid any liqueurs, they will add way too much foreign taste, and also won't have enough alcohol to solve the spices in the same way  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you have any other advice or suggestions?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Empirically, you could use a salinity meter-- one that is made for checking salt water fish tanks. The only other thing I can think of that would drive seasoning into the meat would be cooking in a pressure cooker. I believe some grocery stores employ such a method on chicken before finishing in a rotisserie. Certain fried chicken chains also deep-fry in a pressure vessel which could yield similar results.  <sep>  Q: How Can I Tell If Meat Has Been Brined? A: you could use a salinity meter-- one that is made for checking salt water fish tanks  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is there a surefire way to tell if meat has been brined?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I believe that I have made some of those conflicting comments.It is definitely possible to make an excellent pan gravy with the drippings from a brined turkey.It is also really easy to have the gravy turn out inedibly salty if you aren't careful.Make sure you follow the brining recipe. Don't have too high a concentration of salt and don't brine for too long. Rinse off the bird, inside and out, before roasting.I have also read, from reliable sources such as Harold McGee, that gravy is impossible. My own experience would suggest otherwise.  <sep>  Q: Can you make pan gravy if the turkey was brined? A: It is definitely possible to make an excellent pan gravy with the drippings from a brined turkey  Q: DO you think the result could be salty? A: It is also really easy to have the gravy turn out inedibly salty if you aren't careful  Q: What can i do to avoid this? A: Make sure you follow the brining recipe. Don't have too high a concentration of salt and don't brine for too long. Rinse off the bird, inside and out, before roasting  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you know any particular gravy recipe?
Output: No
CONTEXT: It is hard to tell from the picture, but this doesn't look like burned off seasoning, it is more like a burned on residue. If that's the case, you can try cleaning it some way. The problem is that physical cleaning methods probably won't be sufficient, chemical cleaning with alkali will damage the seasoning and chemical cleaning with acid, if the seasoning is compromised, can rust the pan a bit. So there is a high chance you will end up reseasoning. If this really looks and feels like a buildup and not like exposed oxidised metal, my preference would be to soak in warm, not hot, acid. Vinegar or a citric acid solution should work well. Afterwards, try to scrub off with a stiff plastic brush. If it doesn't go away, or the seasoning goes away too, or if this was missing seasoning from the beginning, you have to strip and reseason. We have several questions on the topic, and the Internet is also full of suggestions. I personally prefer doing it with lye (best results, strips both old seasoning and rust), owners of self-cleaning ovens like incinerating it, and there are a list of other methods to work with.  <sep>  Q: How do I recover from overheating my cast-iron skillet? A: It is hard to tell from the picture, but this doesn't look like burned off seasoning, it is more like a burned on residue. If that's the case, you can try cleaning it some way  Q: What would you recommend using to clean it? A: my preference would be to soak in warm, not hot, acid. Vinegar or a citric acid solution should work well. Afterwards, try to scrub off with a stiff plastic brush  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is it okay to use ordinary dish detergent on the skillet?
Output: No
CONTEXT: You are probably stirring the pudding too much. Cornstarch starts thickening at about 205Â°F/95Â°C. Once the pudding has got to that point and has thickened, stop stirring, otherwise you will interfere with the starch formation that causes the thickening. Using electric beaters probably means you are missing the point when the pudding has thickened and quickly beating the living daylights out of any starch formation that has occurred.It may also be the case that you are beating so much air into the pudding that it just doesn't get hot enough to activate the cornstarch in the first place. I would use @ecnerwal's suggestion of a double boiler, along with a balloon whisk, and some patience.  <sep>  Q: How can I make my pudding thicker?###How much corn starch do you recommend using? A: Cornstarch starts thickening at about 205Â°F/95Â°C  Q: Okay, do you think that if I use an electric beater that would help? A: Using electric beaters probably means you are missing the point when the pudding has thickened and quickly beating the living daylights out of any starch formation that has occurred  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How much cocoa should be used for the pudding to ensure great flavor?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I would have tried using semolina, polenta, or grits. If the grind was too big you could always use a small coffee grinder to get it a bit finer.Corn muffin mix generally has other additives like sugar, baking powder or soda, so you probably wouldn't have wanted to use that on the outside of your bagels!  <sep>  Q: What can I use instead of cornmeal on bagels ? A: I would have tried using semolina, polenta, or grits. If the grind was too big you could always use a small coffee grinder to get it a bit finer  Q: Do you have any other tips for baking bagels ? A: Corn muffin mix generally has other additives like sugar, baking powder or soda, so you probably wouldn't have wanted to use that on the outside of your bagels  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: is there a ready mix I could use ?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I'm not a professional fudger, but here is my theory: one should add it to the boiling mixture. The reason is that butter has milk solids that are said to âburnâ at low temperatures (somewhere in the range 120C-150C or 250F-300F) which just above the soft ball stage (113C or 235F) needed for making fudge. I interpret the burning to mean that those milk solids (sugars and proteins) get a chance to contribute to the Maillard reaction that gives caramel (and its grained cousin the fudge) its great and rich flavor. Given how unique and varied the flavors arising from butter are, I would not want to miss their contribution by adding them after the heat is gone.  <sep>  Q: How is butter used in fudge? A: one should add it to the boiling mixture  Q: My main question here is Why do some recipes put the butter ON the fudge once its hot whereas the professional videos (i.e. youtube mackinac fudge shops) seem to show the butter in the boiling mix? A: The reason is that butter has milk solids that are said to âburnâ at low temperatures (somewhere in the range 120C-150C or 250F-300F) which just above the soft ball stage  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Why is my chocolate fudge not that dark?
Output: No
CONTEXT: On the question of dry ice, yes...it makes excellent ice cream using a kitchen aid and the beater in the standard bowl. It is best if you pulverize the dry ice in a blender first. You will want to avoid using too much (your base will become carbonated, but you can allow it to off-gas). Add a little at a time until the appropriate texture is achieved. Make sure it is not possible for someone to eat a chunk of dry ice!  <sep>  Q: Is it possible to make salty avocado Ice Cream without a machine?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Allowing dough to rise twice results in a finer gluten structure than allowing it to rise once. It results in a smaller crumb and prevents huge gaping airholes in your bread. The reason that you have to let it re-rise is that you just pushed all the air out with the kneading you did developing that gluten structure.  <sep>  Q: Why let dough rise twice? A: Allowing dough to rise twice results in a finer gluten structure than allowing it to rise once  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: When making bread, why do recipes say to let the dough rise twice instead of once?###How does a firmer gluten texture help?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: My understanding is that what many people call white chili would be considered a green chile stew in a place like New Mexico. It's not red in color because it doesn't have any significant amount of dried red chile in it--it gets whatever heat and chile flavor it has from green chile, which doesn't color the stew significantly.As to defining chili, I think you could work on a definition forever. Apart from the notion that a chile is the pepper, which is the main ingredient, and chili is the dish, I don't like to define it too carefully (of course, New Mexicans think the dish is chile too, but what they have is different from Texas chili, even when they use red chiles). I think chili is a stew, though. Most stew isn't chili, but all chili is stew. And I believe that for most people to accept what you're making as chili, it would have to include a significant dose of dried red chile powder.So if you can accept the validity of white chili at all, and what you're making has almost all green chiles and very little red chile, then I'd say you're making a white chili. Or a green chile stew--which would be my preferential term in this case.  <sep>  Q: What makes white chili white? A: it doesn't have any significant amount of dried red chile in it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What color is white chili really supposed to be?
Output: No
CONTEXT: How exactly are you making them? This might affect the answer.I assume you're using some sort of mold. If that's the case, plunge the mold into an ice bath, but don't completely submerge it. Assuming your mold is metal (molten sugar is hot!) they will cool rather rapidly although I can't give you an exact time.In general, an ice bath is the way to go for rapid cooling. You could get it a little cooler by adding a generous dose of salt to the ice bath, but meh I think you'll only shave a few seconds.  <sep>  Q: Cooling melted sugar quickly? A: molten sugar is hot  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What the easiest way to make 1 inch cubes and cool them down enough to hold their shape?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: It sounds very much like you didn't manage to completely dissolve the sugar. It's also possible to get a bad texture from ice crystals in your ice cream, but I don't think you'd describe it as gritty or sandy, just icy.It can be rather difficult to dissolve that much sugar in liquid, especially if it's cold straight from the fridge. You might want to try heating it gently and stirring, and being careful to go until there's no undissolved sugar hiding at the bottom. That does make the chilling take a bit longer, probably more like 4-8 hours or overnight, not just 1-2 hours. But in my experience heating to dissolve is pretty much standard in ice cream recipes, presumably because it's about the only way to do it easily.  <sep>  Q: My homemade ice cream texture is gritty/sandy, any advice? A: It sounds very much like you didn't manage to completely dissolve the sugar  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How should I do this?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Mast O Khiar, as you mention mainly consist of plain yogurt and cucumbers and most recipe do not require much more than that. Because of such, the shelf life for the yogurt product will be the shelf life of the yogurt itself. If it is a store bought yogurt, then the shelf life should be about 2 weeks in the refrigerator.Make sure to store the sauce in an air-tight container. Most tubberware should work. Those soup containers from Chinese takeout orders work perfectly.EDIT: After a bit of a debate in cooking chat, I decided to change my answer a little. The reason I said 2 week is because personally I had eaten 2 week old Mast O Khiar. However it could be recipe dependant so it could be different for a different recipe. However it is very easy to tell whether yogurt OR cucumber is bad.Mast O Khiar should have a very fresh/clean aroma. When yogurt turn bad, it releases a rancid smell. If it smells bad, dont eat it.If you see fuzzy mold it's a good idea to throw it out.  <sep>  Q: What is the shelf life of a yogurt product? A: the shelf life should be about 2 weeks in the refrigerator  Q: I made a large batch of cucumber yogurt sauce, will that stay good for 2 weeks too? A: the shelf life for the yogurt product will be the shelf life of the yogurt itself  Q: What is the recommended temperature for storing yogurt? A: in the refrigerator  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the minimum temperature though?
Output: No
CONTEXT: The fishy smell comes from amines - you want a low pH substance to take the smell away, like lemon juice or vinegar. Some brands of "shower cleaner" will do the trick.Bicarbonate of soda absorbs "general" odors, but it is alkaline and not the best choice in this case.  <sep>  Q: How do you get the smell of fish off your hands? A: you want a low pH substance to take the smell away, like lemon juice or vinegar  Q: What if that doesn't work? A: Some brands of "shower cleaner" will do the trick  Q: Do you think rubbing my hands with stainless steel, like a metal spoon, would work? A: The fishy smell comes from amines - you want a low pH substance to take the smell away, like lemon juice or vinegar  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What exactly are amines?
Output: No
CONTEXT: Gumbo is a creolized (blending of different cultures) dish that was really a way of making use of many whatever might be on hand. The word "Gumbo" itself comes from the African Bantu tribal language which uses the word "Ngambo" for okra. In the plantation culture of the south "ngambo" became "gumbo" and eventually came to be the word for a soup containing okra. In the deep south of South Carolina and southern Georgia it typically has Okra in it to provide thickening from the mucilaginous substance secreted from the okra.As people moved westward toward the Louisiana region they adopted the Choctaw Indian method of using ground sassafras leaves (gumbe file) as the preferred thickening method in that area. Sidenote: Gumbo file is considered to be the only indigenous north American spice.Without knowing what it is that you've been disappointed with, it's difficult to make suggestions. As with so many regional dishes there are certain consistencies but more often than not...more variations. This is one of those items where there isn't necessarily ONE primary method.Some gumbos use a roux for added depth of flavor, color, and thickening while others are more broth based.The main consistency is that it is typically served ladled over rice.  <sep>  Q: What is Gumbo? A: Gumbo is a creolized (blending of different cultures) dish that was really a way of making use of many whatever might be on hand  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: what is the secret to making it good?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: A lot of sourdough recipes don't call for a sponge, per se, because the starter essentially already is a sponge. The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen in the flour before adding it to the final batch. This isn't necessary with sourdough the starter is continuously fermenting and reacting. And your guess is about right, if the proportion of starter you add is too high, the waste products and dead yeast cells in it can cause changes in the gluten that make it very slack and unusable.  <sep>  Q: How does a sourdough sponge work? A: The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen in the flour before adding it to the final batch  Q: Why is it important to increase the fermentation time ? A: The purpose of a sponge in a bread with normal yeast is to allow a longer fermentation time and extra time for enzymatic reactions to happen in the flour before adding it to the final batch  Q: wouldn't the sourdough break down the gluten in the sponge ? A: if the proportion of starter you add is too high, the waste products and dead yeast cells in it can cause changes in the gluten that make it very slack and unusable  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the right amount of starter I should use ?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Yes it will probably be safe, but it might not be very good. Keep in mind if a sweet potato is cooked properly it doesn't need any seasoning at all. Bake it until it's dark on the outer layer of flesh and the potato will be so sweet you'll wonder why you don't cook it that way all the time.  <sep>  Q: Does cinnamon last past its best by date? A: Yes it will probably be safe, but it might not be very good  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How long past the date would it be safe?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If you have a gas stove, you need a hood to send the exhaust outside. One that recirculates is not sufficient.In my experience, the recirculator hoods work OK if you're not doing a lot of cooking. If you do, however, you'll end up with a nasty, greasy dusty coating on everything in your kitchen. I wouldn't bother with a recirculation hood if you ever cook things that involve grease or smoke. For someone who mostly heats up processed foods, it's probably good enough.  <sep>  Q: Are recirculation extractor hoods good? A: In my experience, the recirculator hoods work OK if you're not doing a lot of cooking  Q: How good are they? A: I wouldn't bother with a recirculation hood if you ever cook things that involve grease or smoke  Q: What kind of hood do you recommend? A: If you have a gas stove, you need a hood to send the exhaust outside. One that recirculates is not sufficient  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will a pipe for the exhaust be needed?
Output: No
CONTEXT: I'm sorry to say this, but I think prevention is the best answer. Once you're vegetables freeze things happen at the cellular level that changes the nature of the vegetables. For example, ice crystals pierce cell walls which destroys some of the structure, which is responsible for the crispness and crunch of the vegetable. I don't think there is really a way to "fix" this, once it happens.That said, cooking does something similar to vegetables. Cooking destroys cell walls, which is why cooked carrots are so much softer than raw carrots. I would think that vegetables that stand up to cooking would survive freezing the best (such as your mushrooms). On the other hand, somthing like lettuce is a lost cause, once frozen.  <sep>  Q: How do I recover vegetables that get "refrigerator crisper chill"? A: I don't think there is really a way to "fix" this, once it happens  Q: Would it still be alright to use them? A: I would think that vegetables that stand up to cooking would survive freezing the best (such as your mushrooms). On the other hand, somthing like lettuce is a lost cause, once frozen  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will the texture be compromised?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Speaking as someone who's had to prep ahead two garbage barrels of sweet potatoes for a giant gumbo event:If you're just peeling them a few hours ahead, then just hold them whereever. Unlike russet potatoes, sweet potatoes (especially garnet yams) do not turn brown or lose texture on exposure to air.If you're going to be holding them for a couple days, then drop them in cold water and refrigerate it. Or drop them in ice water and add more ice about twice a day (this is what we had to do, it took 2 days to prep all the ingredients). Wrapping them tightly in plastic wrap might also work, but I haven't tried it.  <sep>  Q: How far in advance can sweet potatoes be peeled?###Do they turn brown like normal potatoes do as well? A: a couple days  Q: Thatâs awesome information to know! I figured they would go brown. A: If you're just peeling them a few hours ahead, then just hold them whereever  Q: Is there a special way to keep them after peeling? Any certain container?###Iâm assuming to keep them in the fridge? A: If you're going to be holding them for a couple days, then drop them in cold water and refrigerate it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is it best to buy the sweet potatoes the same day youâre going to peel them?
Output: No
CONTEXT: If you are fermenting sauerkraut, then you should keep the salt content the same if you add other vegetables. The salt helps keeping undesirable bacteria in check, so you probably don't want to "dilute" it. Increase the amount of salt so the ratio between cabbage/vegetables and salt stays the same.TL;DR: Treat any additional vegetables like cabbage when calculating the amount of salt.  <sep>  Q: Should I add salt to my sauerkraut recipe if I add vegetables? A: If you are fermenting sauerkraut, then you should keep the salt content the same if you add other vegetables  Q: so does that mean that I have to add the salt? A: Increase the amount of salt so the ratio between cabbage/vegetables and salt stays the same  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: how much salt specifically?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Some of your 'shortcuts' are not good ideas. Definitely start with cold water. Definitely bring up the temp slowly. Definitely do not boil. Do add aromatics upfront to the broth, but remove them as they get mushy so they don't cloud it.Standard ratio for beef broth would be: 8 pounds of bones to 6 quarts of water to 1 pound of veggies (onion, leek, carrot) to one 'boquet garni', essentially garlic, rosemary, anise flavoring for pho, and bay leaf, plus whatever else I forgot.If you have 'pond water', which I interpret as thin-tasting, you probably put too much water in the second time -- this is fixable by slowly evaporating out the water until it gets to a good texture. If you skimmed properly, it will be clear as you do this. I will typically strain through a kitchen towel or cheesecloth as the liquid evaporates down.I'm guessing you put in like a gallon of water, so you had like three or four times too much water.As a warning which you probably already know, you are not going to be able to duplicate your local pho joint's broth -- the broth recipe is the thing for pho makers, and they probably have a bunch of tricks they use, including using a neverending supply of yesterdays pho, that you won't be able to do at home. That said, you should be able to get a good beef broth if you follow some basic rules for making stock.  <sep>  Q: My beef broth is not coming out right, how do I properly make beef pho broth? A: Some of your 'shortcuts' are not good ideas. Definitely start with cold water  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Alright, what would the next step be?
Output: Yes
CONTEXT: Overly sour yogurt is a sign of inconsistent inoculationCheck the type of culture you are using, and ensure you are keeping the yogurt above 37C for more than six hours. The yogurt should finish as a solid lump that resists pouring, not a thick liquid, or a lumpy pastePouring off the whey and straining the yogurt makes it more creamy and taste sweeterThickeners are not required, just complete inoculationFor sweet yogurt dishes I mostly use sour berries (blackberry, raspberry etc) so it is expected to be somewhat sour anyway  <sep>  Q: How do I reduce the natural sourness of homemade frozen yogurt? A: Overly sour yogurt is a sign of inconsistent inoculation  Q: So I am not heating it long enough then. If I do that will that affect how well it sets? A: The yogurt should finish as a solid lump that resists pouring, not a thick liquid, or a lumpy paste  Q: If it is less sour can I add in flavors like chocolate or caramel like it available from commercial products? A: Pouring off the whey and straining the yogurt makes it more creamy and taste sweeter  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How long does this process take?
Output: No