niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
CONTEXT: Maybe! There's one big potential issue: panini presses are hinged differently. There's a bit of variation exactly how, but the effect is that the entire top can lift up, so that it can press down flat on whatever you stick in there. Waffle irons are just designed to be filled, so they hinge at the back. If your sandwich is much smaller than the waffle iron, you can put it in the front part (as far from the hinge as possible), and it won't matter too much, but if it takes up a decent fraction of the area, it'll be squeezed pretty tight at the back compared to the front. This will probably make it cook unevenly, and depending on what you've got in there, might squeeze things out.Some panini presses also have better temperature controls than waffle irons, but that's probably not as much of a concern.So I'd give it a shot and see how it works, plan on possibly flipping your sandwich around halfway through, and don't be too upset if it's not pretty!(rfusca's comment above is also good - if you're able to take off the hinge, you'd avoid the whole problem.)  <sep>  Q: Can I use a waffle iron as a Panini press? A: Maybe! There's one big potential issue: panini presses are hinged differently  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will that make much of a difference?
Output: If your sandwich is much smaller than the waffle iron, you can put it in the front part (as far from the hinge as possible), and it won't matter too much
CONTEXT: Egg-whites in a carton are usually pasteurized. Pasteurized eggs are not great for meringue because the heat from the pasteurization process negatively affects the proteins in the whites that make for good meringue. With a lot of whipping (and more cream of tartar or other stabilizers) pasteurized egg whites (whether from pasteurized eggs or from cartons) can make meringue though it most likely won't be as stiff as those from non-pasteurized eggs.I would suggest getting regular eggs and trying to use the left-over yolks for something like creme brulee.  <sep>  Q: Can I make meringues with commercial egg whites? A: Egg-whites in a carton are usually pasteurized  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Aren't all eggs pasteurized?
Output: I would suggest getting regular eggs and trying to use the left-over yolks for something like creme brulee
CONTEXT: The meaty taste is Umami. It is the flavour of monosodium glutamate, in the same way that salty is the flavour of salt.Both mushrooms and tomatoes of the right variety are quite rich in it, as is yeast extract. You can also just buy the stuff commercially.Don't worry about the stigma attached to it, it's not actually toxic or anything.  <sep>  Q: What are the ingredients that make vegan meat taste like real meat? A: The meaty taste is Umami. It is the flavour of monosodium glutamate, in the same way that salty is the flavour of salt  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How can I recreate Umami in a vegan burger ?
Output: Both mushrooms and tomatoes of the right variety are quite rich in it, as is yeast extract. You can also just buy the stuff commercially
CONTEXT: It's typically a problem with large pockets of air in the dough before you bake it.For the cinnamon swirl bread, try to make sure that you're not getting air trapped when rolling it. For other loaves, you want to make sure to punch it down well after the first rise, and make sure you aren't trapping air in it if you're doing a stretch and fold when shaping it.  <sep>  Q: What causes gaps/holes in homemade bread? A: It's typically a problem with large pockets of air in the dough before you bake it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I am making cinnamon swirl bread and how can i avoid this?
Output: For the cinnamon swirl bread, try to make sure that you're not getting air trapped when rolling it
CONTEXT: You are not hurting the flavor.In theory, it will shorten the steeping time a miniscule (probably imperceptable) amount, but the effect is more psychologial perception than reality.I pour boiling hot water over my teabag and start my timer for five minutes and don't touch or swirl the tea bag. If the bag sits in the hot water 20% longer (6 minutes instead of 5), I would be lying if I tried to pretend that I could preceive a taste difference from the previous cuppa I'd sipped. I cannot.Costs you nothing - so try it and see if you can taste any difference.  <sep>  Q: Will swishing or moving a teabag around affect the steeping time in any way? A: In theory, it will shorten the steeping time a miniscule (probably imperceptable) amount, but the effect is more psychologial perception than reality  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Am I hurting the flavor at all?
Output: You are not hurting the flavor
CONTEXT: A good quality ($20 or so) sweet Port, Madeira, or Sherry could be lovely, and add a delicious flavor note of its own. Make sure it's something that tastes good by itself, with a flavor that appeals to you, complimenting a piece of cake.Note that these are so-called "fortified wines" â they are distilled to a higher alcohol content. Historically, this was done to achieve a long shelf-life without preservatives, so they're more like spirits. Unlike regular "corked" wines, an opened bottle of fortified wine can last a long time, so the cork is made as a stopper that can be easily resealed.I don't think you'd get good results with a moscato or such. I also wouldn't skimp and buy a cheap (e.g.: Taylor) bottle of Port â that would be like using cheap, imitation vanilla extract! Spending $30 to get a high-quality flavor that you enjoy, is money well spent.This kind of wine typically comes in both sweet and dry variants. If you're making an entrÃ©e sauce, you probably want a dry wine. For fruitcake, be sure to select a sweet variety. Sometimes, they're not specifically labeled "dry" or "sweet", so you need to read how it's described the label, or ask your vintner for a recommendation.  <sep>  Q: Can I soak dried fruit in sweet wine instead of liqueur for use in fruitcakes?###The recipes for fruitcake that I've looked at say to soak the dried fruit in brandy, rum, etc., i.e., something with a high alcohol content.### I've been using liqueur which works well. I was wondering if using a sweet wine would work A: A good quality ($20 or so) sweet Port, Madeira, or Sherry could be lovely, and add a delicious flavor note of its own  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any other suggestions for me?
Output: Make sure it's something that tastes good by itself, with a flavor that appeals to you, complimenting a piece of cake
CONTEXT: Broth is usually defined as having had bones/meat/veg boiled in it, so the dictionary says no. The lack of flavour also says no, and I doubt reducing it would make much difference. You could use the water to make broth or stock, if you have bones/vegetables to hand.What's more likely to have happened is that condensation dripped into the water. This will always happen unless you take steps to prevent it, as the chicken is cooler than the steam, causing water to condense on the surface (more obvious with steaming green veg). This water dripping would carry small amounts of protein (e.g. myoglobin from dark meat) into the water, and it doesn't take much of many proteins to make water cloudy (this is why milk is white, or a few drops of milk make water cloudy). Small particles of fat will also contribute if they run into the water.  <sep>  Q: Water came out cloudy after steaming chicken, is it cosidered a broth?###I was surprised since the chicken never touched the water but I guess it dropped some of its juices in it, I was doing a small batch and I tried to taste it but after adding some salt it just tasted salty,### so If I make a larger batch in less water and the result comes out more concentrated could this taste good and be considered a broth ? A: What's more likely to have happened is that condensation dripped into the water  Q: Whats considered a broth then? A: Broth is usually defined as having had bones/meat/veg boiled in it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Any suggestions for me?
Output: You could use the water to make broth or stock, if you have bones/vegetables to hand
CONTEXT: If I have to cook for a big group, 9 times out of 10, I go for scampi.But if you use scampi as the second course, I'm not sure what to serve it with.(I make it as an entree). Rice or bread, I'd say. I've never tried it with baked potatoes, but maybe it could work; or other options of course.But I don't know if two times fish (in a broad meaning) works for you.You can also make your meat in advance (stewing, ragout (of chicken, in vol-au-vent), meatballs) so you just need to warm it.Edit: Oops, I just saw that this is an old question...  <sep>  Q: I need help to plan a Menu: 10 people, dinner with lovely friends at home A: If I have to cook for a big group, 9 times out of 10, I go for scampi.But if you use scampi as the second course, I'm not sure what to serve it with  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What else could I serve?
Output: Rice or bread, I'd say. I've never tried it with baked potatoes, but maybe it could work; or other options of course
CONTEXT: If I have to cook for a big group, 9 times out of 10, I go for scampi.But if you use scampi as the second course, I'm not sure what to serve it with.(I make it as an entree). Rice or bread, I'd say. I've never tried it with baked potatoes, but maybe it could work; or other options of course.But I don't know if two times fish (in a broad meaning) works for you.You can also make your meat in advance (stewing, ragout (of chicken, in vol-au-vent), meatballs) so you just need to warm it.Edit: Oops, I just saw that this is an old question...  <sep>  Q: I need help to plan a Menu for 10 people. I want to start off with an appetizer. any suggestions? A: If I have to cook for a big group, 9 times out of 10, I go for scampi  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: That sounds great? what is in it?
Output: I make it as an entree
CONTEXT: Very simply, bake it for the recommended time in the recipe. Then if it looks golden brown (note that if the air in the oven is not humid enough the bread may stay pale, on a side note a humid oven helps to develop a good crust), tap it in on it's base and if it sounds hollow its done. If it feels soft in the base and not hollow or If its still not golden brown, put it back in the oven for a few minutes then try the tap check again. Although you stated you dislike the thermometer technique, for others reading the bread should have an internal temperature of 200F or 94C, if not return it to the oven for a few minutes until it is.  <sep>  Q: How can you know that your bread is done?###Most bread recipes give an estimate to how long that bread must bake A: Very simply, bake it for the recommended time in the recipe  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: However, I find it hard to check whether it's done or not. ###Most bread recipes give an estimate to how long that bread must bake
Output: tap it in on it's base and if it sounds hollow its done
CONTEXT: Judging from those Wikipedia articles:Clarified butter is rendered butter, which means that the solids are removed.Beurre noisette is browned butter, which contains the solids.Ghee is slightly-browned (it should have a golden color) butter that is rendered. So you melt the butter till it's golden. Then you remove the solids by pouring the top layer into a container. So you have a combination (if you like) of clarified and browned butter.  <sep>  Q: Is âgheeâ clarified butter or beurre noisette? A: Clarified butter is rendered butter, which means that the solids are removed.Beurre noisette is browned butter, which contains the solids  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Does Ghee contain solids?
Output: you melt the butter till it's golden. Then you remove the solids by pouring the top layer into a container. So you have a combination (if you like) of clarified and browned butter
CONTEXT: I assume you're making normal maki (nori side out) and not California rolls.Are you leaving a 1/2 inch or so of blank nori (no rice) on the outside edge (the edge that you roll last)? If you slightly wet the bare edge of the nori with a little water on your finger it should help it stick together.  <sep>  Q: How do I stop sushi rolls from opening up? A: leaving a 1/2 inch or so of blank nori (no rice) on the outside edge  Q: What is causing that to happen? A: I assume you're making normal maki (nori side out) and not California rolls  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do the ingredients make a difference?
Output: a little water on your finger it should help it stick together
CONTEXT: Yes, you can freeze parmesan cheese. Even without freezing, Parmesan is very durable since the low water and high salt content prevents mould from growing. The younger varieties may be more prone to mould growth (having a higher water content), but I've kept ripe Parmesan (30-36 months) for at least a year in the fridge without problems (and it would probably have stayed good much longer). Just remember to keep it wrapped in paper, not in a sealed plastic container to prevent a buildup of condensation.  <sep>  Q: Can I freeze Parmesan? A: you can freeze parmesan cheese  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How long can I keep it for?
Output: I've kept ripe Parmesan (30-36 months) for at least a year in the fridge without problems
CONTEXT: Gelatin sheets are soaked in cold-to-room-temp water in order to soften and rehydrate them slightly before stirring them into the (often hot) food. If you were to try to stir a sheet of gelatin directly into hot liquid, you'd find that it behaves a lot like cornstarch. It clumps up immediately and produces unpleasant-to-eat chunks that only a blender and a chinois have a hope of removing.You squeeze it after soaking to remove excess (unflavored) water from the exterior. Otherwise, each sheet might bring along quite a bit of water, which will seriously affect the consistency of a product you expect to set up, and might affect the taste of even something like a braise to which you are adding the gelatin just for body.  <sep>  Q: Why do we soak and squeeze gelatine?###I can only assume we use gelatine with liquids (or at least the majority of time it's to set a liquid) - so why soak it first? A: Gelatin sheets are soaked in cold-to-room-temp water in order to soften and rehydrate them slightly before stirring them into the (often hot) food  Q: And why do we then squeeze it?### I would assume it's to get rid of something but my searches return no results. A: You squeeze it after soaking to remove excess (unflavored) water from the exterior. Otherwise, each sheet might bring along quite a bit of water  Q: Oh okay###That makes sense###any other suggestions for me? A: If you were to try to stir a sheet of gelatin directly into hot liquid, you'd find that it behaves a lot like cornstarch. It clumps up immediately  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: okay. Thats helpful to know. Thanks
Output: produces unpleasant-to-eat chunks that only a blender and a chinois have a hope of removing
CONTEXT: There could be two factors involved. First, the freshness of the celery. Restaurants, especially those that serve large amounts, are going through a lot of product. This means that you are more likely to get really fresh celery.Next, storing in water is very likely an issue. I would suggest buying celery within a day or so of when you plan to use it. Wash and dry it thoroughly. Then trim and cut to your desired size. Then immediately place the celery in a plastic container or zipper bag and place in the refigerator until serving.Each time you take it out for serving, remove the amount you plan to use and return the rest to the refrigerator. The 'leftover' celery should remain fresh and crisp for several days.  <sep>  Q: Why does raw celery from a restaurant taste different than raw celery at home?###Say you go to a restaurant and order buffalo wings. The wings come with celery and bleu cheese. The celery tastes amazing. A: There could be two factors involved. First, the freshness of the celery  Q: At home, you cut celery and store it in water in the refrigerator, and eat it. It does not taste amazing. A: Restaurants, especially those that serve large amounts, are going through a lot of product. This means that you are more likely to get really fresh celery  Q: What are the possible reasons why there is a difference in taste between the two? A: Next, storing in water is very likely an issue. I would suggest buying celery within a day or so of when you plan to use it  Q: oh okay.###what do you recommend? A: Wash and dry it thoroughly. Then trim and cut to your desired size. Then immediately place the celery in a plastic container or zipper bag and place in the refigerator until serving  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: sounds good###anything else to keep in mind###?
Output: Each time you take it out for serving, remove the amount you plan to use and return the rest to the refrigerator. The 'leftover' celery should remain fresh and crisp for several days
CONTEXT: As you probably know, volkornbrot and similar breads are designed to bake at a lower temperature for a longer time. 240 C sounds way too high to me. 150-180 C should be about right, and leave the bread in for a long time (up to 3 hours), until the loaf starts to pull away from the sides of the pan. Even after this baking process, because the bread batter is much wetter than a standard bread, you should not slice or eat the bread until it has had time to cool and "rest," about 24 hours. If you slice it right away, the heat and moisture escape and the inside is still doughy/raw. If you wait, the moisture will have time to distribute throughout the loaf and the inside will firm up. Just be patient! The benefit is that the loaf should last for a very long time wrapped in plastic, especially if you put the unused portion in the fridge.  <sep>  Q: Making black bread in a microwave oven###I have received a few packs of dough mixture for German black bread from a friend (Vollkornbrot, black rye bread). All I have available to make it is a bread maker and a microwave oven###The bread maker is much too weak to move the heavy dough around, so I have to knead it by hand.###There remain some very doughy pockets, which seem only half baked to me. I'm turning the oven almost as high as it goes (around 240â, according to display) and tried baking the bread for a longer time. I also tried to make smaller rolls instead, with the same result. Is it possible to make such heavy bread using such weak equipment? A: As you probably know, volkornbrot and similar breads are designed to bake at a lower temperature for a longer time  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: what can I change to make it work?
Output: If you slice it right away, the heat and moisture escape and the inside is still doughy/raw. If you wait, the moisture will have time to distribute throughout the loaf and the inside will firm up
CONTEXT: The "solid vegetable oil" you're describing sounds like Crisco (shortening), which you can find in any US grocery. You could also try refined coconut or palm kernel oil, both of which are solid at room temperature.Another possibility to note is that the butter may be fine, but maybe the chickpea flour you're obtaining in the US is different.  <sep>  Q: What's the best replacement for "solid vegetable oil" in pastry recipes? A: u ca  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Can you help me find a replacement for the solid vegetable oil in a Persion recipe?
Output: The "solid vegetable oil" you're describing sounds like Crisco (shortening), which you can find in any US grocery
CONTEXT: It is possible to over brine meat. If you leave it in too long it will get too salty.If you use a more dilute brine it won't get as salty but you will wash out more of the natural flavor into the water as well.You could submerge your turkey in its packaging in ice water in a cooler for a day before brining. You could even thaw the turkey in this manner if you made sure to keep it in ice water so it didn't get to 40F.  <sep>  Q: What happens if I brine my turkey for 2 days? A: It is possible to over brine meat. If you leave it in too long it will get too salty  Q: So even if I keep it covered and keep it cold, what will happen to it? A: You could submerge your turkey in its packaging in ice water in a cooler for a day before brining  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: oh so just don't put it in salt water for that long right?
Output: If you use a more dilute brine it won't get as salty but you will wash out more of the natural flavor into the water as well
CONTEXT: In a cookbook that old, the sour cream referenced is probably a home-fermented variety, used as a preservation method in the days before widespread home refrigeration. You can still do this with the appropriate bacterial cultures, but most of us now buy our sour cream at the store instead. That product is similar, but made in much larger batches with a highly standardized, refined bacterial culture, producing a product with a predictable sourness and texture. Home-cultured versions are more variable, but they use similar processes on a much smaller scale.Whether you want to call this the "same" is partly a linguistic distinction that depends on how much you want to consider the differences in scale and equipment between pre-refrigeration and modern methods.In contrast, the addition of something sour to cream is really a substitute, used when you don't have a proper sour cream available. A cook back in the 1890s could use the same substitution then as we might today. But the production of sour cream (and all sorts of fermented milk products, such as yogurt and kefir) is much older than that, and there would have been some variety of "traditional" sour cream available, though not universally or year-round in the days before mechanized food distribution systems.  <sep>  Q: Is sour cream in olde recipes the same as sour cream today? A: the sour cream referenced is probably a home-fermented variety, used as a preservation method in the days before widespread home refrigeration  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How would I make a home-fermented variety of sour cream?
Output: You can still do this with the appropriate bacterial cultures, but most of us now buy our sour cream at the store instead
CONTEXT: Don't most cake recipes require mixing dry ingredients first? Well, what's been done has been done.The standard professional chef way of getting lumps out of anything is to pass it through a fine strainer. In your case a standard metal pasta strainer should work. Put the strainer over a bowl, pour the batter in and use the back of a large spoon or ladle to gentle press the batter through. The lumps of sugar will be left over and you can just crush them then.Whipping the batter might work the gluten proteins in the flour which will make for a tough chewy texture. Some cakes actually take this into account and others it is bad, so be careful.  <sep>  Q: What can I do with batter that has lumpy sugar in it? A: Don't most cake recipes require mixing dry ingredients first? Well, what's been done has been done  Q: Could I get some hints on how to prevent it? A: The standard professional chef way of getting lumps out of anything is to pass it through a fine strainer  Q: The cake seems okay. Maybe when the lumps are small enough, the heat of the oven takes care of them? A: In your case a standard metal pasta strainer should work  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: If I didn't strain it , is there any other method, like smashing the sugar lumps before I put it in the batter?
Output: Put the strainer over a bowl, pour the batter in and use the back of a large spoon or ladle to gentle press the batter through. The lumps of sugar will be left over and you can just crush them then
CONTEXT: Flour (+ water, either directly or from other ingredients such as egg white) gives the pastry structure. As you knead the flour, the gluten network develops and results in elasticity. When cooked, water evaporates from the dough leaving a rigid gluten skeleton. Fat does not mix with water and thus stay in blobs in between the gluten network. This weakens the gluten structure, making the pastry crumble.For this reason, you often see in recipes for shortcrust to avoid overmixing the fat. Buttery biscuits such as shortbread crumble more than crackers, which have more water. The same rationale applies to puff pastry. The thin fat layers are impermeable, so water steam gets trapped and exercise pressure upwards, lifting the pastry up.Quoting @GdD in the comments, the punchline is:more fat = crumblier, less fat has more structure.  <sep>  Q: How does altering the fat-to-flour ratio affect the pastry? A: more fat = crumblier, less fat has more structure  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is it only crumblier after it bakes?
Output: The thin fat layers are impermeable, so water steam gets trapped and exercise pressure upwards, lifting the pastry up
CONTEXT: In the Caribbean and other Rum producing areas, you find Rum in all sorts of recipesIt is sometimes an unusual flavour pairing, but not necessarily bad. In savoury cooking it adds a semi-burnt sweetness, more like toffee or butterscotch than straight RumCaribbean and Mexican cooking is well blended and harmonious with many common ingredients (chilli, coriander, avocado etc.)Considering the popularity of spicy jerk meat and Rum, the Rum Fajitas would be an interesting experiment  <sep>  Q: What does adding dark rum give to a fajita stir-fry? A: It is sometimes an unusual flavour pairing, but not necessarily bad. In savoury cooking it adds a semi-burnt sweetness, more like toffee or butterscotch than straight Rum  Q: Will Mexican food pair well with dark rum? A: Caribbean and Mexican cooking is well blended and harmonious with many common ingredients (chilli, coriander, avocado etc  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is rum used in other dishes similar to this?
Output: In the Caribbean and other Rum producing areas, you find Rum in all sorts of recipes
CONTEXT: Chilis supply 2 things, chili flavor and heat. The flavor comes from the flesh while the heat comes from the seeds and especially the membrane that connects the seeds to the flesh. Ordinarily when someone wants to reduce the heat of a pepper I would suggest cutting it open and removing the seeds and membrane, however that's pretty much impossible with a dried pepper. My recommendation in this case would be to put the chipotles in whole, then remove them after cooking is done. Put the peppers in after all the other ingredients, just before simmering, then try to avoid stirring it if you can avoid it - be gentle so you don't burst the peppers open. Once the cooking is done you fish them out with a spoon and you can serve them as a side to the heat lovers if you like.  <sep>  Q: What effect does removing previously-dried peppers from a sauce have? A: Put the peppers in after all the other ingredients, just before simmering, then try to avoid stirring it if you can avoid it - be gentle so you don't burst the peppers open  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do I then take the peppers out?
Output: Once the cooking is done you fish them out with a spoon and you can serve them as a side to the heat lovers if you like
CONTEXT: As baka has said, more volatile components of the wine will be released with more wine surface exposed.Also, this not only releases aroma but also helps the wine to "breathe" and oxidize, which is why you open the red wine bottle half an hour before serving it (so that this process starts), and why you might pour the wine into a decanter.This process accentuates the flavors and aromas of the wine. It is not very much necessary with younger, colder served wines (e.g. vinho verde).In young, sparkling wine, a larger glass will disperse the bubbles faster, as well as warming it. This is undesireable, hence the smaller, narrower glasses.Aged white wine should behave similarly to aged red wine, although it doesn't need to breathe as much.  <sep>  Q: Why are red wine glasses wider than white wine glasses? A: a larger glass will disperse the bubbles faster, as well as warming it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Will the wine taste different if I don't use the correct glass?
Output: In young, sparkling wine, a larger glass will disperse the bubbles faster, as well as warming it. This is undesireable, hence the smaller, narrower glasses
CONTEXT: Mesquite is a very assertive flavor that typically goes with beef, especially fatty beef.Pecan and hickory are stronger than apple, but milder than mesquite, and are great for pork or poultry, and work just fine with beef.Applewood is very flexible, a bit lighter and sweeter. It's the only one of the woods you mentioned that I would consider using with fish.Ultimately, there's no hard and fast rules - taste things and do what works for you!  <sep>  Q: How do these flavors of liquid smoke differ? A: Mesquite is a very assertive flavor that typically goes with beef, especially fatty beef  Q: How does it differ from hickory, apple-tree or pecan? A: Pecan and hickory are stronger than apple, but milder than mesquite  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What would you pair with hickory?
Output: great for pork or poultry, and work just fine with beef
CONTEXT: Rose petals are edible. If you look for rose petal recipes, you will find many creative uses of them, including rice pudding with roses - so your pudding intuition was correct. During colonial American times they were considered a treat. You can candy rose petals with egg whites and sugar - typical cautions about appropriate raw egg white useage applies.Before using your rose petals in culinary applications, make sure to remember what chemicals you used on them. If they've been sprayed with pesticides, you don't want to be eating them.  <sep>  Q: How can I use roses in cooking? A: ou can candy rose petals with egg whites and sugar  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do you think I can uses the roses to make rose water?
Output: If they've been sprayed with pesticides, you don't want to be eating them
CONTEXT: Rose petals are edible. If you look for rose petal recipes, you will find many creative uses of them, including rice pudding with roses - so your pudding intuition was correct. During colonial American times they were considered a treat. You can candy rose petals with egg whites and sugar - typical cautions about appropriate raw egg white useage applies.Before using your rose petals in culinary applications, make sure to remember what chemicals you used on them. If they've been sprayed with pesticides, you don't want to be eating them.  <sep>  Q: How can I use roses in cooking? A: Rose petals are edible. If you look for rose petal recipes, you will find many creative uses of them  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What do the rose petals taste like?
Output: You can candy rose petals with egg whites and sugar - typical cautions about appropriate raw egg white useage applies
CONTEXT: Leaving any sort of sugar confection in the fridge (as it will out of the fridge also, but to a lesser extent) will soften the sugar after a prolonged period due to the moisture in the air. However, putting it in the fridge for a short period of time will simply speed up the cooling process as you put in your question.  <sep>  Q: Can I cool my toffee in the fridge? A: Leaving any sort of sugar confection in the fridge (as it will out of the fridge also, but to a lesser extent) will soften the sugar after a prolonged period  Q: is cooling the toffee in the fridge as good as room temperature? A: putting it in the fridge for a short period of time will simply speed up the cooling process  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: does putting it in the fridge speed up the cooling process?
Output: will simply speed up the cooling process as you put in your question
CONTEXT: It might be possible to dissolve the candy, and then boil it down again, foaming it with fresh baking soda when it hits the proper stage. The thing is, the candy has already got the full level of baking soda reactants (either sodium carbonate or sodium oxide) from from the first cooking, which may contribute to some off flavors.Instead, if it is enjoyable as is, I would suggest just eating it as a toffee like candy.Otherwise, chalk it up to experience and watch the temperature more closely next time.  <sep>  Q: What can I do with badly cooked honeycomb? A: dissolve the candy, and then boil it down again  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What temperature do I need to bring it to for it to become honeycomb?
Output: I would suggest just eating it as a toffee like candy
CONTEXT: It might be possible to dissolve the candy, and then boil it down again, foaming it with fresh baking soda when it hits the proper stage. The thing is, the candy has already got the full level of baking soda reactants (either sodium carbonate or sodium oxide) from from the first cooking, which may contribute to some off flavors.Instead, if it is enjoyable as is, I would suggest just eating it as a toffee like candy.Otherwise, chalk it up to experience and watch the temperature more closely next time.  <sep>  Q: What can I do with badly cooked honeycomb? A: It might be possible to dissolve the candy, and then boil it down again, foaming it with fresh baking soda when it hits the proper stage  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What do I do then?
Output: I would suggest just eating it as a toffee like candy
CONTEXT: If it's a small spot you can rub half a lemon on it till it's gone. If the entire inside has darkened you can fill it with water, add several tablespoons of cream of tartar (2 per quart) and boil it for 10 minutes.You can also buy aluminum cleaner, but the do it yourself is typically cheaper.In case you're wondering why I'm suggesting an acid for cleaning. It's actually alkali foods that stained your pot, not acidic. e.g. boiling potatoes. Acid actually cleans the spots put there by alkali foods. The common warning against cooking acidic foods in an aluminum pot is to prevent excessive amounts of aluminum being leeched into your food.  <sep>  Q: How to clean my unanodized aluminium pot? A: You can also buy aluminum cleaner  Q: Does acidic food cause problems with an unanodized aluminium pot? A: It's actually alkali foods that stained your pot, not acidic  Q: How else can I clean it? A: If it's a small spot you can rub half a lemon on it till it's gone  Q: Do you have any other advice for cleaning? A: If the entire inside has darkened you can fill it with water, add several tablespoons of cream of tartar (2 per quart) and boil it for 10 minutes  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Thanks, any mor etips?
Output: You can also buy aluminum cleaner, but the do it yourself is typically cheaper
CONTEXT: you know better than I do, it depends on the orange and type of orange. My mom, an executive chef, used to say that you'd allow 1-2 lb of oranges for 1 drinkable cup of orange juice. I really think, that it's highly dependent on the type of orange. I know naval and blood oranges are the juiciest compared to other varieties.  <sep>  Q: How much juice can you get from an orange? A: t depends on the orange and type of orange. My mom, an executive chef, used to say that you'd allow 1-2 lb of oranges for 1 drinkable cup of orange juice  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How many oranges it takes to make an 8oz glass of juice?
Output: I really think, that it's highly dependent on the type of orange. I know naval and blood oranges are the juiciest compared to other varieties
CONTEXT: I would strongly suggest not pouring cold or any other kind of water on pasta; it will rinse the delicious starches off its surface, which would otherwise help your sauce cling to it.To counteract the negative consequences of overcooking due to remaining heat (which, as belisarius suggests in his answer, is the reason other stuff is often rinsed with cold water), just serve it immediately. You want to have the sauce (hot and) ready just before your pasta is, so you can drain the pasta, mix with the sauce, and put it on the table.  <sep>  Q: Can I pour cold water on pasta after cooking it? A: I would strongly suggest not pouring cold or any other kind of water on pasta  Q: What will happen if I do so? A: it will rinse the delicious starches off its surface, which would otherwise help your sauce cling to it  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What is the best procedure to do to a pasta after cooking it?
Output: just serve it immediately
CONTEXT: I use two types of cutting boards: wood and [soft] plastic. The plastic is for meat, or anything that could ruin a wood cutting board. Wood is for everything else. If you can afford it, try to get an end-grain wood cutting board.Bamboo is a popular choice right now (it's affordable and sustainable), but I don't have any personal experience with it.Most other materials, especially glass, will ruin your knives.  <sep>  Q: What are some general tips on purchasing and using a cutting board? A: The plastic is for meat, or anything that could ruin a wood cutting board. Wood is for everything else. If you can afford it, try to get an end-grain wood cutting board  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Which type is easier to clean?
Output: Bamboo is a popular choice right now (it's affordable and sustainable), but I don't have any personal experience with it
CONTEXT: Garlic will spoil faster in the fridge actually. I don't know how long it will last in the fridge, but I understand that it lasts longer if you leave it in a cool, dark, dry storage. I believe one reason is that your fridge is generally too humid. In my experience, garlic kept in the fridge is also more likely to develop mould (goes soft, and dark discolouration).I keep mine in a ceramic thing in one of my cupboards. It lasts anywhere from a few weeks to a few months depending on the garlic (probably how long it sat before getting to my kitchen). If you store it like that, garlic that goes "bad" will usually start to sprout (green shoots, will come through the top.  <sep>  Q: What is the shelf life of a garlic bulb, with the "skin" still on, left in the fridge? A: Garlic will spoil faster in the fridge actually. I don't know how long it will last in the fridge  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: What would the garlic look like if it had indeed spoiled?
Output: In my experience, garlic kept in the fridge is also more likely to develop mould (goes soft, and dark discolouration
CONTEXT: So, just answering the new part of the question:You can simply season "over the top" of the existing seasoning. To do this, you'd go through the normal seasoning process, wiping the pan with oil, heating in a 500F oven, wiping again, heating again. This will fill in the "holes" in your seasoning and you'll be able to use the pan again.However, you will also end up with somewhat rough, uneven seasoning on the bottom. This will make things more likely to stick than if you completely reseasoned the pan. You can improve this by scrubbing the bottom of the pan with a mixture of course salt and oil. This will "sand down" the seasoning without completely removing it.You should also ask yourself if maybe the original seasoning of the pan wasn't faulty, given that some of it already scrubbed off.  <sep>  Q: how do i repair the seasoning on a cast iron pan? A: You can simply season "over the top" of the existing seasoning. To do this, you'd go through the normal seasoning process, wiping the pan with oil, heating in a 500F oven  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Would re seasoning strip the previous existing seasoning?
Output: This will fill in the "holes" in your seasoning and you'll be able to use the pan again
CONTEXT: The cause is that the mousse dries out on the surface. It builds a skin of dehydrated mousse. It happens with most cremes, not only your yolk foam. To prevent it, put plastic wrap on the mousse. Don't span it over the bowl, press it on the surface itself, without leaving air between the mousse and wrap. Your mousse will stay soft. This also works for custards and starch-thickened puddings. In general, also cover other things you put in the fridge, or they can get an unpleasant odour.  <sep>  Q: Why is there a rubber like skin on surface of my chocolate mousse? A: The cause is that the mousse dries out on the surface. It builds a skin of dehydrated mousse. It happens with most cremes  Q: Is there a way to prevent it? A: put plastic wrap on the mousse. Don't span it over the bowl, press it on the surface itself, without leaving air between the mousse and wrap. Your mousse will stay soft  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Is it harmful to have the rubber surface?
Output: In general, also cover other things you put in the fridge, or they can get an unpleasant odour
CONTEXT: Eggs are already 3/4 water anyway!By mixing in a small quantity of extra water before you cook the eggs, you are slowing down the cooking process by making more water available that has be evaporated. This keeps the cooking temperature to less than 100Â°C (212Â°F) for longer, therefore increasing the the time for the egg proteins to foam and expand before settingThe amount of water you need to add depends on; personal preference, the type of egg, and how old it is. Older eggs generally require a little more waterAdding skim milk will enhance this process slightly too. Adding extra fat will generally not enhance this processBONUS TIP To make even more spectacular omelettes place a loose fitting lid over the pan to increase the steam exposure all around, and let the egg fully develop  <sep>  Q: Why is water often added to the eggs when making omelettes?###Hello? A: This keeps the cooking temperature to less than 100Â°C (212Â°F) for longer, therefore increasing the the time for the egg proteins to foam and expand before setting  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Doesn't that make it too wet?
Output: The amount of water you need to add depends on; personal preference, the type of egg, and how old it is. Older eggs generally require a little more water
CONTEXT: The short answer is yes, you can. We keep a wide variety of cheeses on hand. Quesadilla or Chihuahua Mexican cheeses are a great substitute for Mozzarella or Provolone cheese. The have a light flavor and work well with Italian foods. We always have these on hand, but they are not always easy to find in some areas. I often substitute simply because, while I might have the intended cheese on hand, there may be some that I need to use sooner than others depending on how long I've had them or how long they've been open. With mild cheeses, you don't have to worry about the flavor profile so much - it's more the melting. And the cheeses I mentioned melt well - just like Mozzarella or Provolone.And to let you know, the reason I tried the other cheeses: I asked in a Mexican restaurant what kind of cheese they used and was told that it was "like American Mozzarella". So, I decided to experiment.All said and done, all of these cheeses have a mild flavor and work in many dishes, regardless of the ethnicity. What you do want to stay away from are cheeses that don't melt well and are designed to keep their shape and texture under heat. One example would be quest fresco.  <sep>  Q: Mexican cheeses on otherwise Italian pizza A: The short answer is yes, you can. We keep a wide variety of cheeses on hand. Quesadilla or Chihuahua Mexican cheeses are a great substitute for Mozzarella or Provolone cheese  Q: Does a Mexican cheese change the flavour very much? A: With mild cheeses, you don't have to worry about the flavor profile so much - it's more the melting. And the cheeses I mentioned melt well - just like Mozzarella or Provolone  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: can you recommend a mix of cheeses?
Output: Quesadilla or Chihuahua Mexican cheeses are a great substitute for Mozzarella or Provolone cheese
CONTEXT: Breads get their structure from glutens--a type of protein formed by the combination of glutenin with gliaten. Kneading and resting the dough helps the formation of glutens--I assume by shifting glutenin and gliatin molecules around, this increases the odds of bindings occurring.Oils can bind to glutenin and gliatin and inhibit these reactions, so fats--oils and butter--definitely play a role in the texture control.It prevents the dough from getting too elastic, which controls texture. This elasticity change would also change the maximum air bubble size. Altering resting times and yeast quantity also change these, but trading off for a different flavor. Oil may play other roles, but these are what I recall reading about off the top of my head. Yes, it does contribute to flavor as well.  <sep>  Q: What is the purpose of oil or butter in Wheat and potato breads? A: Oils can bind to glutenin and gliatin and inhibit these reactions, so fats--oils and butter--definitely play a role in the texture control  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: Do they effect anything else in the breads?
Output: It prevents the dough from getting too elastic, which controls texture
CONTEXT: I've never used bhut jolokias but I love spicy vegetable oil. DO NOT just throw the peppers in a jar of oil. Apparently this is bad. Follow the much more helpful links in the comments that follow this and make the oil properly.Once you do this you can cook pretty much anything that needs a little (or a lot) of extra heat. You said you have other peppers so it might be interesting to set up a few jars with different pepper combos.Bonus: if what I've heard of these peppers is correct, you can probably make a low grade mace this way.If you're looking for something to do right away, I'd mix a very small piece in some melty cheese and throw it on some chips, burritos, pizza, or anything really. Spicy cheese rocks.Good luck and enjoy.  <sep>  Q: What can I do with Bhut Jolokia's? A: Follow the much more helpful links in the comments that follow this and make the oil properly  Q: I'm growing some Bhut Jolokia's (world hottest pepper aka ghost pepper) amongst other hot peppers.###Do you have any recommendations what I can do with them? A: you can cook pretty much anything that needs a little (or a lot) of extra heat  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I picked one off the plant last night. I'm looking for something other that hot sauce or chili. What do you recommend?
Output: you can probably make a low grade mace this way
CONTEXT: You can add quite a lot of tomato paste/puree but this will mask the fresh flavour of your tomatoes. I think I'd just reduce the soup down once it was made or add carrots. Carrot flavour really complements tomato soup and many tomato soups recipes require carrots. The starch will then help you thicken the soup.  <sep>  Q: How can I get a thicker soup from watery tomatoes? A: reduce the soup down  Q: Can I use tomato paste? A: You can add quite a lot of tomato paste/puree but this will mask the fresh flavour of your tomatoes  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: How much should I add?
Output: You can add quite a lot
CONTEXT: Assuming you didn't do some kind of "flavor injection" treatment, there is absolutely no reason why one part of a bird would taste radically different from another. I'm going to go with "Bad Duck."Cooking the bird slowly seriously reduces the possibility of a "hot spot" causing some kind of local taste variance. Breast meat will become overdone at the point where dark meat is still tasty, but that wouldn't explain smell or taste, and unpleasant smells are almost always related to bacterial issues.If it was discolored, it could have been local bruising, which would cause some taste issues, but, again, wouldn't explain the smell.  <sep>  Q: What happened to my duck? A: If it was discolored, it could have been local bruising, which would cause some taste issues  <sep> FOLLOWUP_Q: I had a duck in the oven later I found that the duck was foul smelling and tasting why would this happen?
Output: Assuming you didn't do some kind of "flavor injection" treatment, there is absolutely no reason why one part of a bird would taste radically different from another