niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
CONTEXT: If you whisk egg whites to much they will definitely separate.Basically you are over tightening their stretchy proteins which squeeze out all the water. You are left with useless protein fluff floating on water.The flavor and odor will not change, however. That would be a sign off spoiling and unrelated to the whisking.  <sep>  Q: Is it possible to whisk egg whites too much? A: If you whisk egg whites to much they will definitely separate  Q: What happens to rhetoric If the egg whites separate?###The food not rhetoric A: Basically you are over tightening their stretchy proteins which squeeze out all the water 
Output: Would this make the food more dry?
CONTEXT: Yes, you can use eggs well past their "sell by" date. A week past shouldn't have a noticeable difference.The older the eggs get, the more evaporation that will take place (because the eggs are washed, so they don't have a protective layer).You will notice in older eggs that there's a growing pocket of air inside the egg when you break them. (for me it tends to be on the more rounded end, but I don't know if it has to do with how you orient the eggs in storage).I know that I've used eggs more than a month past the "sell by" date, and I wouldn't be surprised if I've gone two months. It's only really a problem in baking, as the egg whites won't contribute the same amount of moisture as if they were fresh. And maybe for hard boiled eggs if you want them pretty, as you'll end up with a void where the air pocket is.  <sep>  Q: How long can refrigerated eggs last past their date? A: A week past shouldn't have a noticeable difference  Q: I have some eggs that expired last week, so will they still be OK to cook with? A: It's only really a problem in baking, as the egg whites won't contribute the same amount of moisture as if they were fresh 
Output: Do they last past their expiration date if they are refrigerated?
CONTEXT: Yes, you can use eggs well past their "sell by" date. A week past shouldn't have a noticeable difference.The older the eggs get, the more evaporation that will take place (because the eggs are washed, so they don't have a protective layer).You will notice in older eggs that there's a growing pocket of air inside the egg when you break them. (for me it tends to be on the more rounded end, but I don't know if it has to do with how you orient the eggs in storage).I know that I've used eggs more than a month past the "sell by" date, and I wouldn't be surprised if I've gone two months. It's only really a problem in baking, as the egg whites won't contribute the same amount of moisture as if they were fresh. And maybe for hard boiled eggs if you want them pretty, as you'll end up with a void where the air pocket is.  <sep>  Q: How long can refrigerated eggs last past their date? A: I know that I've used eggs more than a month past the "sell by" date, and I wouldn't be surprised if I've gone two months  Q: Generally in the USA, can refrigerated eggs be used past their expiration date A: you can use eggs well past their "sell by" date. A week past shouldn't have a noticeable difference 
Output: How can you tell if they are bad?
CONTEXT: Yes, you can use eggs well past their "sell by" date. A week past shouldn't have a noticeable difference.The older the eggs get, the more evaporation that will take place (because the eggs are washed, so they don't have a protective layer).You will notice in older eggs that there's a growing pocket of air inside the egg when you break them. (for me it tends to be on the more rounded end, but I don't know if it has to do with how you orient the eggs in storage).I know that I've used eggs more than a month past the "sell by" date, and I wouldn't be surprised if I've gone two months. It's only really a problem in baking, as the egg whites won't contribute the same amount of moisture as if they were fresh. And maybe for hard boiled eggs if you want them pretty, as you'll end up with a void where the air pocket is.  <sep>  Q: How long can refrigerated eggs last past their date? A: I know that I've used eggs more than a month past the "sell by" date, and I wouldn't be surprised if I've gone two months 
Output: how can you tell if they are bad?
CONTEXT: Refrigerating cooked potatoes is perfectly safe. The myriad of frozen and refrigerated potato products on the market demonstrate this, as do the experiences of millions of home cooks.In fact, it is raw potatoes that should not be refrigerated, not because of safety concerns, but because they will convert starches to sugars and taste oddly sweet. The ideal storage temperature is slightly higher, 45-50 F.  <sep>  Q: Is it bad to refrigerate leftover potatoes? A: Refrigerating cooked potatoes is perfectly safe 
Output: What is the best way to reheat them?
CONTEXT: I understand that sugar (and by extension jaggery) helps yeast multiply at a very fast paceThis is only partly true. Yeast is a living organism and can only live under certain conditions, including a certain osmotic pressure. If you start from pure bread dough, then adding a bit of sugar to the dough (or to the preferment) can make it rise faster. But adding sugar in quantities sufficient to make the bread taste sweet will slow down the yeast growth, as opposed to making it quicker. There is even an upper limit for how much sugar you can add per 100 g of flour, and it's not recommended to use recipes which prescribe more, as they turn out poorly. So I wouldn't change the amount of yeast, unless you make the empirical observation that your yeast is overfed (recognizable by speed of raising and the changed smell).  <sep>  Q: Should I decrease the amount of yeast I add depending on how much sweet I add (I use jaggery) while making sweet bread? A: adding sugar in quantities sufficient to make the bread taste sweet will slow down the yeast growth, as opposed to making it quicker 
Output: So is there a rule or ratio by which I must decrease the yeast for every unit of sugar added?
CONTEXT: I understand that sugar (and by extension jaggery) helps yeast multiply at a very fast paceThis is only partly true. Yeast is a living organism and can only live under certain conditions, including a certain osmotic pressure. If you start from pure bread dough, then adding a bit of sugar to the dough (or to the preferment) can make it rise faster. But adding sugar in quantities sufficient to make the bread taste sweet will slow down the yeast growth, as opposed to making it quicker. There is even an upper limit for how much sugar you can add per 100 g of flour, and it's not recommended to use recipes which prescribe more, as they turn out poorly. So I wouldn't change the amount of yeast, unless you make the empirical observation that your yeast is overfed (recognizable by speed of raising and the changed smell).  <sep>  Q: Sugar and yeast proportion while making sweet bread A: If you start from pure bread dough, then adding a bit of sugar to the dough (or to the preferment) can make it rise faster  Q: Should I decrease the amount of yeast used? A: There is even an upper limit for how much sugar you can add per 100 g of flour, and it's not recommended to use recipes which prescribe more 
Output: s there a rule or ratio by which I must decrease the yeast for every unit of sugar added?
CONTEXT: Coat the outside of the cake with a moderate layer of icing to bind the stick cookies. This is analogous to the mortar behind facade bricks in building a wall.You could also put a drop of icing underneath the bottom, but that probably is not necessary.Update: I just noticed in the photo you can actually see some of the icing between the cookies, showing this is exactly how the show case cake in the photo was done.  <sep>  Q: What is the best way to stick chocolate wafer sticks on a mudcake? A: Coat the outside of the cake with a moderate layer of icing to bind the stick cookies  Q: How should the wafers be applied to get the best decorative result? A: You could also put a drop of icing underneath the bottom, but that probably is not necessary 
Output: Is there anything else to help the sticks stay in place?
CONTEXT: Coat the outside of the cake with a moderate layer of icing to bind the stick cookies. This is analogous to the mortar behind facade bricks in building a wall.You could also put a drop of icing underneath the bottom, but that probably is not necessary.Update: I just noticed in the photo you can actually see some of the icing between the cookies, showing this is exactly how the show case cake in the photo was done.  <sep>  Q: How can I stick chocolate wafer sticks to a mudcake? A: Coat the outside of the cake with a moderate layer of icing to bind the stick cookies. This is analogous to the mortar behind facade bricks in building a wall 
Output: Anything else?
CONTEXT: Speaking as someone who's had to prep ahead two garbage barrels of sweet potatoes for a giant gumbo event:If you're just peeling them a few hours ahead, then just hold them whereever. Unlike russet potatoes, sweet potatoes (especially garnet yams) do not turn brown or lose texture on exposure to air.If you're going to be holding them for a couple days, then drop them in cold water and refrigerate it. Or drop them in ice water and add more ice about twice a day (this is what we had to do, it took 2 days to prep all the ingredients). Wrapping them tightly in plastic wrap might also work, but I haven't tried it.  <sep>  Q: How far in advance can sweet potatoes be peeled?###Do they turn brown like normal potatoes do as well? A: a couple days 
Output: How many days 2-3 would be good?###Is there a special way to hold them while peeling them?
CONTEXT: Propane and butane are pure alkanes. They don't produce anything nasty when burned. The worst you could possibly get should be carbon monoxide (and I am not even sure it can be produced in a torch, the dioxide ifs much more likely), but it being a gas, it won't stick to your food. The complex molecules you get from heating the food itself have more potential for being harmful than the combustion products of a propane butane torch. Ago yes, it is food safe. Another matter of safety is that it is easier to cause a fire with a hardware store torch, because it has more power than the kitchen ones. But a sensible adult should be able to handle the thing safely.  <sep>  Q: Is it safe to use a propane torch bought at a Hardware store? A: a sensible adult should be able to handle the thing safely  Q: Is there something different about the torches and/or fuel that is sold at a culinary store? A: Propane and butane are pure alkanes 
Output: Are there any precautions I should take when using it for culinary type stuff?
CONTEXT: For bacterial spoilage, keeping the soup hot would be more effective. As for "preserving" the soup, refrigeration will be drastically more effective. The high temperatures of simmering would keep the bacterial level pretty much nil, but the constant heat will ruin your soup on it's own. Anything in the soup will become mush, flavors will become over-concentrated, and some flavors can drastically change from prolonged exposure to such heat.Prompt chilling and cold storage after cooking will greatly slow down the rate at which bacteria can repopulate the soup, and will also keep everything else in the soup about the way it was when the soup was at it's prime. To really keep textures nice, I'd recommend pulling off the soup that will be stored while vegetables & meat are still a little firmer than you'd like so that they'll finish when you reheat.  <sep>  Q: Is continuously simmering or refrigerating cooked soup a more effective way to prevent spoilage? A: For bacterial spoilage, keeping the soup hot would be more effective  Q: Which would be more helpful to prevent spoilage, continuously simmer or refrigerating it? A: keeping the soup hot would be more effective  Q: Should it also be refrigerated? A: Prompt chilling and cold storage after cooking will greatly slow down the rate at which bacteria can repopulate the soup 
Output: Will it still be safe to eat after four days?
CONTEXT: For bacterial spoilage, keeping the soup hot would be more effective. As for "preserving" the soup, refrigeration will be drastically more effective. The high temperatures of simmering would keep the bacterial level pretty much nil, but the constant heat will ruin your soup on it's own. Anything in the soup will become mush, flavors will become over-concentrated, and some flavors can drastically change from prolonged exposure to such heat.Prompt chilling and cold storage after cooking will greatly slow down the rate at which bacteria can repopulate the soup, and will also keep everything else in the soup about the way it was when the soup was at it's prime. To really keep textures nice, I'd recommend pulling off the soup that will be stored while vegetables & meat are still a little firmer than you'd like so that they'll finish when you reheat.  <sep>  Q: Is continuously simmering or refrigerating cooked soup a more effective way to prevent spoilage? A: For bacterial spoilage, keeping the soup hot would be more effective. As for "preserving" the soup, refrigeration will be drastically more effective 
Output: Will it last for 3 to 4 days in the refrigerator?
CONTEXT: Chocolate is an odd substance when it comes to melting and hardening. When chocolate hardens, its melting point will end up being just a few degrees higher than the hardening temperature.When chocolate crystallizes at high temperatures, it forms a strong, dense crystalline structure that, texture-wise, is quite brittle. Most bought chocolate (baker's chocolate and chips) is already tempered, but when you melt it, you break down that crystalline structure, and if you harden it at room temperature then it ends up forming very weak crystals that will melt in your hand.If you use a special coating chocolate (couverture or the lower-quality compound chocolate) then you don't need to worry so much about tempering (although it's still a good idea), but if you use ordinary chocolate and don't temper it then your coating will end up being messy and wet and rub off on your hands while you eat it. It might even melt while stored.Tempering is the key to making a room-temperature-stable chocolate coating. If you don't do this, you'll need to keep your pastries refrigerated until they're ready to consume.  <sep>  Q: What is the purpose of tempering chocolate? A: Tempering is the key to making a room-temperature-stable chocolate coating 
Output: What is the process that's used to temper the chocolate?
CONTEXT: What gives spices their flavors are the oils that they contain, along with any water soluble flavors that they might have. In a pressure cooker, your food will cook hot. What that means to your spices will vary as certain spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them. Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors, although that would seem to fly in the face of physics as you aren't reducing while pressure cooking, you are just heating steam at a higher atmosphere to transfer more heat to the food faster.As for texture, use the one that you like.  <sep>  Q: What is the difference between cooking vegetable curries in a pressure cooker and a wok? A: In a pressure cooker, your food will cook hot 
Output: Is the difference only w.r.t time consumed?
CONTEXT: What gives spices their flavors are the oils that they contain, along with any water soluble flavors that they might have. In a pressure cooker, your food will cook hot. What that means to your spices will vary as certain spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them. Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors, although that would seem to fly in the face of physics as you aren't reducing while pressure cooking, you are just heating steam at a higher atmosphere to transfer more heat to the food faster.As for texture, use the one that you like.  <sep>  Q: What the difference between cooking vegetable curries in a pressure cooker and a wok? A: Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors  Q: Does that mean I will get a more flavorful vegetable currie in a pressure cooker? A: What that means to your spices will vary as certain spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them 
Output: How does a currie made in a Kadhai compare to ones made in a pressure cooker?
CONTEXT: What gives spices their flavors are the oils that they contain, along with any water soluble flavors that they might have. In a pressure cooker, your food will cook hot. What that means to your spices will vary as certain spices could grow more bitter or sweeter depending on the compounds inside them. Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors, although that would seem to fly in the face of physics as you aren't reducing while pressure cooking, you are just heating steam at a higher atmosphere to transfer more heat to the food faster.As for texture, use the one that you like.  <sep>  Q: what is the difference between cooking vegetable curries in a pressure cooker and a wok? A: Conventional wisdom says that pressure cooking concentrates the flavors 
Output: Should I cook vegetable curries in a kadhai?
CONTEXT: I would say it depends. I find once you freeze an item the flavor/texture/propeties of the item is changed (for better or for worse) the next time you goto use it.If your using caramelized onions in a soup, or stew, something where flavors blend together for a longer period of time, then yes go ahead.however if your using the caramelized onions on top of a steak or something similar. Then my answer would be no.  <sep>  Q: Can I freeze caramelised onions? A: I would say it depends. I find once you freeze an item the flavor/texture/propeties of the item is changed (for better or for worse) the next time you goto use it  Q: So yes or no? A: If yo 
Output: What is something I can do with frozen caramelised onions besides eat them?
CONTEXT: I would think this is happening because your cream is just about to turn sour. As cream ages, lactic acid builds up in it. The acidity in your coffee is enough at that point to push the cream over the edge to curdling. Try newer cream or a very low-acid coffee with old cream and you should be OK.  <sep>  Q: Why is cream curdled in coffee? A: I would think this is happening because your cream is just about to turn sour  Q: Could it have something to do with either the coffee being too hot or the creamer being too cold? A: As cream ages, lactic acid builds up in it 
Output: Why would it happen with soy milk as well?
CONTEXT: I would think this is happening because your cream is just about to turn sour. As cream ages, lactic acid builds up in it. The acidity in your coffee is enough at that point to push the cream over the edge to curdling. Try newer cream or a very low-acid coffee with old cream and you should be OK.  <sep>  Q: Why is cream curdled in my coffee? A: I would think this is happening because your cream is just about to turn sour  Q: Could it have something to do with either the coffee being too hot? A: As cream ages, lactic acid builds up in it. The acidity in your coffee is enough at that point to push the cream over the edge to curdling 
Output: What can I do to stop this from happening?
CONTEXT: If you live in Poland, you should easily find the "normal" white ones in your supermarket. They should be good for baked beans, although the British version uses white beans that are a bit smaller. For more American style beans, you could also use the pinkish-brown or spotted type.There are so many types of beans, that I can't give a specific "name". Stick with the smaller ones, as they have less starchy parts and usually keep their shape better.  <sep>  Q: What bean species are best for baked beans? A: There are so many types of beans, that I can't give a specific "name". Stick with the smaller ones, as they have less starchy parts and usually keep their shape better 
Output: Can you give me maybe 2 or 3 specific types?
CONTEXT: Basically, you can refreeze the raspberries.When a fruit or veg. is frozen, the water inside the plant cell expands, and bursts the cell wall, which is why there is so much 'juice' when you thaw. If you refreeze, you can be sure that the raspberries will freeze into a giant block. If you are using them to make a sauce or a jam, this is not significant. That being said, if you are using frozen raspberries in the first place, you are obviously not looking for a perfectly intact raspberry, you are using them for some other purpose. Therefor, refreezing is no big deal. I recently answered another question about freezing and refreezing, and how it is basically a myth that it renders the refrozen product inedible. Any time you freeze you know that you are not going to get 'exactly' the same product when you thaw it, and the same goes with refreezing, there is always a 'slight' degredation of the product with each successive freeze (do you like my liberal usage of quotes?) You won't poison yourself or anything like that, you should have no worries.That being said, what are you doing with the berries? Certainly a refrozen raspberry should be no worse that a raspberry frozen once.  <sep>  Q: Can I re-freeze fruit? A: f you refreeze, you can be sure that the raspberries will freeze into a giant block  Q: I had let them thaw but have put them in the fridge since I realised my mistake. Am I able to refreeze the berries or should I find some immediate use for them? A: refreezing is no big deal 
Output: What are the risks / consequences if I do refreeze?
CONTEXT: Restaurants quite often cook pigs cheeks 'sous vide', but unless you have, or fancy investing in a water bath, you can do things the old fashioned way.How you prepare the cheeks for cooking will, to some extent, depend on which part you're cooking. If you're going to cook the whole cheek, you really should think about soaking in a brine of sugar, salt, vinegar and spices for 24 to 48 hours. If you're just cooking the 'pad' that part can be skipped.The thing to remember with cheeks, is they are quite a fatty meat and the muscle fibres are very dense, so whichever method you choose, it's going to take time.One classic method is braising the cheeks with a variety of vegetables and something slightly sweet and sharp as a counter for the fat and cook in the oven for 2 to 3 hours at around 180c (350f) Basically dust the cheeks in a little flour and season, then brown in some olive oil. remove form the pan and lightly sautÃ© your vegetables, use leeks, baby onions, carrots, apples, garlic etc. add the cheeks pack to the pan, add some stock or stock/cider mix and cook. You could also do this on the hob (cooker top) in a heavy bottomed pan, but cook for 4 hours on a low heat.  <sep>  Q: How should I cook pigs cheeks? A: How you prepare the cheeks for cooking will, to some extent, depend on which part you're cooking  Q: What is the best way to cook pork jowls? A: If you're going to cook the whole cheek, you really should think about soaking in a brine of sugar, salt, vinegar and spices for 24 to 48 hours 
Output: What would be the best method to cook the cheek after I soak it?
CONTEXT: Unfortunately, the above answers would probably be good for fresh tortellini, or frozen or something like that. Following the advice, I had the dried tortellini floating on the surface within a minute or two, puffed a little too. I fished one out, and it was definitely hard. I let them boil for another five minutes and they were barely edible, some even a little crunchy in places.Last week I managed to hunt down the bulk package at the market (used to fill the bin), and there were directions on it: Boiling time: 15-18 minutes. And yes, since the boiling water cooled down to simmer as I added them. In 15 minutes they were still a little al dente but after another 4 minutes they were entirely soft, and just right.  <sep>  Q: How to prepare bulk dried tortellini? A: Boiling time: 15-18 minutes 
Output: Drop into hot water or bring to boil with water?
CONTEXT: Most chicken (or turkey) stock recipes are meant to be fairly neutral in flavor so they can be used in almost any dish. In many culinary traditions, especially those of European tradition, black pepper is appropriate in almost any savory dish.Cloves are an extremely strong and aggressive flavor, which is not traditional in these cuisines.While you could certainly use it in your stock, it would give that warm clove aroma, and you would then want to use the stock only in dishes where that is appropriate.Instead, I would stick to neutral flavors, and if you want clove flavoring, do it when preparing the final dish, not he fundamental stock. You can simmer enough stock for the whatever dish you are making with a few cloves while you are doing your prep on the dish to infuse it, if needed.  <sep>  Q: Can I Use cloves in stocks/broths? A: While you could certainly use it in your stock, it would give that warm clove aroma, and you would then want to use the stock only in dishes where that is appropriate 
Output: What types of dishes do you think it would be appropriate?
CONTEXT: How exactly are you making them? This might affect the answer.I assume you're using some sort of mold. If that's the case, plunge the mold into an ice bath, but don't completely submerge it. Assuming your mold is metal (molten sugar is hot!) they will cool rather rapidly although I can't give you an exact time.In general, an ice bath is the way to go for rapid cooling. You could get it a little cooler by adding a generous dose of salt to the ice bath, but meh I think you'll only shave a few seconds.  <sep>  Q: Cooling melted sugar quickly? A: molten sugar is hot  Q: What the easiest way to make 1 inch cubes and cool them down enough to hold their shape? A: I assume you're using some sort of mold. If that's the case, plunge the mold into an ice bath, but don't completely submerge it  Q: How long will it take the to cool? A: Assuming your mold is metal (molten sugar is hot!) they will cool rather rapidly although I can't give you an exact time 
Output: Did I mention that the molds are aluminum?
CONTEXT: Rendered pork fatâmanteca de cerdoâis our preferred cooking fat throughout this book. Lard has a relatively high smoke point so it is ideal for frying, and it provides a richness, dimension, and distinctly Mexican flavor that you just can't replicate with using other fats...Vegetable oil is a fine substituteHowever specific recipes may really need lard: Note that the flaky texture and slight richness that make flour tortillas so compelling are derived from lard. I've found that vegetable shortening is a poor substitute here...Source: Alex Stupak and Jordana Rothman. "Tacos: Recipes and Provocations".  <sep>  Q: Why use lard in tortilla dough? A: the flaky texture and slight richness that make flour tortillas so compelling are derived from lard 
Output: why does the lard cause flaky texture
CONTEXT: Nutrition itself is off-topic. However, keep in mind the following:There are many compounds in tea leaves and some dissolve early, and some a little later. At some point (around 5-10 minutes of steeping at ~95Â°C), you will lose majority of the 'good stuff' and continue picking up less desirable compounds. You will notice that while colour might persist, the taste will be come less and less desirable. In some cultures re-using tea leaves is considered a faux-pas because of this.If you find your tea to be too strong after steeping, the best thing is to reduce the amount of leaves for the next time; as opposed to steeping them multiple times.  <sep>  Q: Steeping green tea leaves - how many times can I steep them, and do they lose flavanoids over steeps? A: At some point (around 5-10 minutes of steeping at ~95Â°C), you will lose majority of the 'good stuff' and continue picking up less desirable compounds 
Output: How many times can I use the same tea leaves?
CONTEXT: Nutrition itself is off-topic. However, keep in mind the following:There are many compounds in tea leaves and some dissolve early, and some a little later. At some point (around 5-10 minutes of steeping at ~95Â°C), you will lose majority of the 'good stuff' and continue picking up less desirable compounds. You will notice that while colour might persist, the taste will be come less and less desirable. In some cultures re-using tea leaves is considered a faux-pas because of this.If you find your tea to be too strong after steeping, the best thing is to reduce the amount of leaves for the next time; as opposed to steeping them multiple times.  <sep>  Q: Steeping green tea leaves - how many times can I steep them, and do they lose flavanoids over steeps? A: There are many compounds in tea leaves and some dissolve early, and some a little later 
Output: When I pour my tea, if it's colored still, does that mean I am still getting flavanoids from the leaves?
CONTEXT: You can wait as long as you need to between pre-cook (that's the simmering) and finish (the steaming), it's how things work in restaurants.The steaming time will only go up if you let the temperature drop appreciably. Even so, you shouldn't need more than an extra minute or so. Steaming is pretty benign to rice.As far as the safety concerns...if you keep the temperature above 135 F, you are out of the danger zone, and you can hold there forever. The danger zone is 41 to 135 F, but the goal in cooling foods is to get it from hot to cool in 6 hours...below 70 in two, and then 4 hours to make it below 41 (yes, I'm ServSafe certified). So your hypothetical 30-45 minutes shouldn't cause you a problem. But watch it if you start going long.  <sep>  Q: How long can I hold brown rice between boiling and steaming?###I use a technique from Cooks Illustrated for cooking my brown rice. I simmer for 25 minutes and then steam for 10. It gets a nice consistent result. But how long can I hold the rice between simmering and steaming? A: You can wait as long as you need to between pre-cook (that's the simmering) and finish (the steaming), it's how things work in restaurants  Q: Would I need to increase the steam time? A: The steaming time will only go up if you let the temperature drop appreciably. Even so, you shouldn't need more than an extra minute or so. Steaming is pretty benign to rice  Q: Are there any safety concerns? A: if you keep the temperature above 135 F, you are out of the danger zone, and you can hold there forever 
Output: Does it matter if it sits out for 30 - 45 minutes before finishing?
CONTEXT: The rest period hydrates the starches in flour, giving the dough a firmer and more workable texture (there is some very minor gluten development, but its mostly the expansion of the starch bundles with water). In many cookies, the flavors will also mature and improve, especially with cocoa in the recipe.In many recipes, the cooling from refrigeration is itself part of the point--doughs may be easier to roll and cut when they are cool due to chilling of the fat. Most dietary fats are waxy, which means they don't have a single set freezing/melting point, but rather get more viscous or eventually firmer then hard as temperature drops.For example, linzer cookie dough is very frangible, and the chilling and hydration make rolling and cutting much easier.Generally, most of this affect is going to happen in the first 8 hours or so. The overnight thing is simply for convenience in most cases. In fact, 4 hours is often enough, although obviously not in your case.If the major effect is chilling in your recipe, by flattening the dough to a disk, or lengthening it to a log (thus increasing surface area) compared to a ball, it will chill more rapidly. You mentioned this is a high fat recipe--if that fat is butter (as it so often is with cookies), that may help.  <sep>  Q: What does an overnight chill do to cookie dough, that a 4 hour chill doesn't? A: The overnight thing is simply for convenience in most cases. In fact, 4 hours is often enough, although obviously not in your case 
Output: What is it about an overnight (or longer) refrigeration that transforms the dough into something workable?
CONTEXT: When I make a paella I never cover it, I find it keeps in too much moisture. My uncovered method is to put the fish in and cook for 10 minutes. If my mussels are small I will usually wait 2-3 minutes before putting them in, bu for "standard" mussels 10 minutes seems to work well. I use a low-medium heat on a large burner.  <sep>  Q: How long to cook seafood in paella? A: burner  Q: How long to cook mussels? A: If my mussels are small I will usually wait 2-3 minutes before putting them in, bu for "standard" mussels 10 minutes seems to work well. I use a low-medium heat on a large burner 
Output: Will they be fully opened?
CONTEXT: When I make a paella I never cover it, I find it keeps in too much moisture. My uncovered method is to put the fish in and cook for 10 minutes. If my mussels are small I will usually wait 2-3 minutes before putting them in, bu for "standard" mussels 10 minutes seems to work well. I use a low-medium heat on a large burner.  <sep>  Q: How long to should I cook seafood in paella? A: My uncovered method is to put the fish in and cook for 10 minutes 
Output: How do I cook it for in a covered dish?
CONTEXT: Coriander leaf/cilantro looks VERY similar to flat leaf parsley. When I have both at the house I sometimes resort to smelling them to know which is which. Cilantro is very strong smelling, and you'd definitely change the flavor of the dish if you left it out.Flat leaf parsley is significantly more subtle and has a much milder flavor and scent. It is not flavorless, and in a recipe that calls for a lot of it, you'd really be missing something by leaving it out.When you've got a recipe that calls for both parsley and cilantro, you're definitely going to be more able to taste/smell the cilantro more than parsley, but they'll both contribute different notes. If you have to leave one out, leave out the parsley, but don't try to make up the volume with more cilantro, as you may wind up overpowering your dish. Just leave the parsley out and proceed as normal.Do not use curly leave parsley in anything--it is tough and virtually flavorless. It is ONLY a garnish and not worth wasting your time on.  <sep>  Q: What is the difference between parsley and coriander(cilantro)? A: Coriander leaf/cilantro looks VERY similar to flat leaf parsley. When I have both at the house I sometimes resort to smelling them to know which is which  Q: Would omission of one drastically change the flavor of a dish, for example falafel? A: When you've got a recipe that calls for both parsley and cilantro, you're definitely going to be more able to taste/smell the cilantro more than parsley, but they'll both contribute different notes 
Output: So to be authentic I should use both?
CONTEXT: Coriander leaf/cilantro looks VERY similar to flat leaf parsley. When I have both at the house I sometimes resort to smelling them to know which is which. Cilantro is very strong smelling, and you'd definitely change the flavor of the dish if you left it out.Flat leaf parsley is significantly more subtle and has a much milder flavor and scent. It is not flavorless, and in a recipe that calls for a lot of it, you'd really be missing something by leaving it out.When you've got a recipe that calls for both parsley and cilantro, you're definitely going to be more able to taste/smell the cilantro more than parsley, but they'll both contribute different notes. If you have to leave one out, leave out the parsley, but don't try to make up the volume with more cilantro, as you may wind up overpowering your dish. Just leave the parsley out and proceed as normal.Do not use curly leave parsley in anything--it is tough and virtually flavorless. It is ONLY a garnish and not worth wasting your time on.  <sep>  Q: Difference between parsley and coriander(cilantro)? A: Cilantro is very strong smelling, and you'd definitely change the flavor of the dish if you left it out  Q: Are there any other differences? A: Flat leaf parsley is significantly more subtle and has a much milder flavor and scent 
Output: Do they look different as well?
CONTEXT: I don't think so. In the mayonnaise case, all that has happened is the fat has come out of emulsion and gathered together again, so you can re-emulsify it. In the whipped cream case, you've started to create large fat crystals (butter). I guess technically it might work to heat it up to melt the butter, re-emulsify it into cream and then beat it again, but I don't think it would be worth the effort. You could go ahead and finish churning it into butter and buttermilk if you want to avoid wasting the cream.  <sep>  Q: Can ruined whipped cream be rescued? A: but I don't think it would be worth the effort  Q: Whatâs the process? A: heat it up to melt the butter, re-emulsify it into cream and then beat it again 
Output: Can it be Re emulsified?###Or am I better off starting a fresh batch?
CONTEXT: Sort of. There's a trick to fix up peeler edges: rub the back side of a paring knife along the blade, at roughly the same angle as the peeler blade's edge. Use the tip of the knife if needed. You may need to do this with both sides of the peeler blade.I suspect the result is closer to honing the edge, but the trick works well enough that I haven't bought another peeler since my kitchen manager showed it to me.  <sep>  Q: How can I sharpen my peeler? A: There's a trick to fix up peeler edges: rub the back side of a paring knife along the blade, at roughly the same angle as the peeler blade's edge 
Output: Are there any things to look out for?
CONTEXT: On the question of dry ice, yes...it makes excellent ice cream using a kitchen aid and the beater in the standard bowl. It is best if you pulverize the dry ice in a blender first. You will want to avoid using too much (your base will become carbonated, but you can allow it to off-gas). Add a little at a time until the appropriate texture is achieved. Make sure it is not possible for someone to eat a chunk of dry ice!  <sep>  Q: Is it possible to make salty avocado Ice Cream without a machine? A: dry ice, yes...it makes excellent ice cream using a kitchen aid and the beater in the standard bowl  Q: Should I use the ice cream maker attachment on the kitchen aid? A: It is best if you pulverize the dry ice in a blender first  Q: Does the dry ice go into the bowl or is on the outside of the bowl? A: Add a little at a time until the appropriate texture is achieved 
Output: What do I do to the ice cream after the texture I want is achieved?
CONTEXT: Some crabs are better tasting than others. Ornamental crabs, to my knowledge none are inedible, but tend to be very small, and high skin/seed to flesh so tend to be too much trouble to bother with. Larger crabs though can be very desirable for some applications. They are often blended in mixed ciders, both sweet and fermented. They will be tart to very tart and even bitter, but when blended with other juices add what many people consider a very refreshing bite to the juice. Candied crabs and apple butter are commonly made with them and they can be used for jams other applications especially mixed with other apples to increase tartness.There are a wide variations of varieties, just as with full size apples, and some will seem better than other. If they are wild seedling trees rather than grafter varieties, the quality of the fruit may be hit and miss, and even some of the cultivated named varieties may be astringent, especially some which are marketed for their hard cider characteristics where the astringency is desirable. If the particular ones you have will work will be mostly dependent on your tastes and the variety, and how willing you are to work with the smaller fruit. Even the sweetest crabs are likely to have a lot more tartness than a granny smith.  <sep>  Q: How edible/palatable are crabapples? A: Some crabs are better tasting than others 
Output: Can crabapples be used to make apple bread?
CONTEXT: Some crabs are better tasting than others. Ornamental crabs, to my knowledge none are inedible, but tend to be very small, and high skin/seed to flesh so tend to be too much trouble to bother with. Larger crabs though can be very desirable for some applications. They are often blended in mixed ciders, both sweet and fermented. They will be tart to very tart and even bitter, but when blended with other juices add what many people consider a very refreshing bite to the juice. Candied crabs and apple butter are commonly made with them and they can be used for jams other applications especially mixed with other apples to increase tartness.There are a wide variations of varieties, just as with full size apples, and some will seem better than other. If they are wild seedling trees rather than grafter varieties, the quality of the fruit may be hit and miss, and even some of the cultivated named varieties may be astringent, especially some which are marketed for their hard cider characteristics where the astringency is desirable. If the particular ones you have will work will be mostly dependent on your tastes and the variety, and how willing you are to work with the smaller fruit. Even the sweetest crabs are likely to have a lot more tartness than a granny smith.  <sep>  Q: Are crabapples edible? A: Some crabs are better tasting than others. Ornamental crabs, to my knowledge none are inedible, but tend to be very small, and high skin/seed to flesh so tend to be too much trouble to bother with  Q: Are they dangerous to eat? A: to my knowledge none are inedible  Q: Do you have any advice for cooking with crabapples? A: They are often blended in mixed ciders, both sweet and fermented  Q: What are the best crabapple varieties? A: There are a wide variations of varieties, just as with full size apples, and some will seem better than other 
Output: Do they need to be used with lots of sugar?
CONTEXT: Not using standard practice might violate safety standards in a professional context.Technically, the important factor is whether the residues are made of something perfectly water soluble (sugar, salt, fat-free watery or alcoholic solutions, insoluble but not sticky solid particles...) or of something that is not water soluble and that will adhere to the dishes (about anything containing oils/fats). If you couldn't properly get it off your hands without soap, you won't get it off the dishes without soap.  <sep>  Q: Can some dishes be washed with only water? A: If you couldn't properly get it off your hands without soap, you won't get it off the dishes without soap 
Output: Would washing dishes with soap be more efficient?###
CONTEXT: I've never tried steaming bok choy, but yes, the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds.For stir frys I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs. I slice the ribs into about 5mm / 3/16" slices, and add them towards the end; the leaves I cut into ribbons (perpendicular to the ribs), and stir them in at the last second, so they barely cook. The center I just chop the top off the leafy bit, and slice the more rib-like bits a litte larger than the rest of the ribs (they're thinner, so cook faster).As I've never tried steaming it, and I don't tend to cook in bags (except for silver turtles when camping), this is going to be a complete guess. Now, it tastes fine al dente, so you could leave the ribs as large as I use for a stir fry, but en papillote tends to be fancier cooking, so I'd probably try for maybe 1/6" slices or a little thicker (maybe 2-3mm), and if you had a mandoline so they all came out even, that'd be great. I'd still cut the leaves into ribbons, just because it's easier to eat than a huge intact leaf.I'd assume that the leaves would cook at a similar rate as spinich, and the ribs closer to fennel, if that helps at all.  <sep>  Q: How should I prepare Bok Choy before I cook it? A: trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs 
Output: Should I separate the white stem from the leaf and eat both?
CONTEXT: I've never tried steaming bok choy, but yes, the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds.For stir frys I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs. I slice the ribs into about 5mm / 3/16" slices, and add them towards the end; the leaves I cut into ribbons (perpendicular to the ribs), and stir them in at the last second, so they barely cook. The center I just chop the top off the leafy bit, and slice the more rib-like bits a litte larger than the rest of the ribs (they're thinner, so cook faster).As I've never tried steaming it, and I don't tend to cook in bags (except for silver turtles when camping), this is going to be a complete guess. Now, it tastes fine al dente, so you could leave the ribs as large as I use for a stir fry, but en papillote tends to be fancier cooking, so I'd probably try for maybe 1/6" slices or a little thicker (maybe 2-3mm), and if you had a mandoline so they all came out even, that'd be great. I'd still cut the leaves into ribbons, just because it's easier to eat than a huge intact leaf.I'd assume that the leaves would cook at a similar rate as spinich, and the ribs closer to fennel, if that helps at all.  <sep>  Q: How should I prepare Bok Choy before I cook it? A: I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs  Q: Won't the leaf cook much faster than the rib? A: the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds 
Output: Can all of the stem be eaten?
CONTEXT: I've never tried steaming bok choy, but yes, the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds.For stir frys I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs. I slice the ribs into about 5mm / 3/16" slices, and add them towards the end; the leaves I cut into ribbons (perpendicular to the ribs), and stir them in at the last second, so they barely cook. The center I just chop the top off the leafy bit, and slice the more rib-like bits a litte larger than the rest of the ribs (they're thinner, so cook faster).As I've never tried steaming it, and I don't tend to cook in bags (except for silver turtles when camping), this is going to be a complete guess. Now, it tastes fine al dente, so you could leave the ribs as large as I use for a stir fry, but en papillote tends to be fancier cooking, so I'd probably try for maybe 1/6" slices or a little thicker (maybe 2-3mm), and if you had a mandoline so they all came out even, that'd be great. I'd still cut the leaves into ribbons, just because it's easier to eat than a huge intact leaf.I'd assume that the leaves would cook at a similar rate as spinich, and the ribs closer to fennel, if that helps at all.  <sep>  Q: How should I prepare Bok Choy before I cook it? A: For stir frys I trim the bottom so the ribs come free, clean off any dirt that's gotten trapped in between, then stack up the leaves and cut the leaves from the ribs  Q: Are the leaves usable? A: yes, the ribs and leafy bits cook at different speeds 
Output: how long do the rib take to cook?
CONTEXT: If you want a similar texture and flavor, I recommend trying other similar root vegetables. I use turnips and parsnips in similar applications. They're both dense, white and have a slight sweetness to them and they should hold up relatively well to long cooking times.You might also enjoy yucca which can have a cooked texture similar to a cross between potato and banana. I've not tried them in this sort of application specifically but I think they should work.  <sep>  Q: What is a good alternative to potatoes in stews, soups and roasts? A: If you want a similar texture and flavor, I recommend trying other similar root vegetables  Q: Can you give examples of similar root vegetables? A: I use turnips and parsnips 
Output: How should turnips and parsnips be prepared before putting them in with the stew or soup?