niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Question: In a 14-year-old patient with Down syndrome who presents with nucalgia (normal neurological examination) and is going to be subjected to general anesthesia (orotracheal intubation) for elective abdominal surgery, the following should be ruled out: 
 Options:  <0> Atloaxoid instability. <1> Tracheoesophageal fistulas. <2> Brain tumor. <3> Vocal cord hyperplasia. <4> Hydrocephalus
Output: medicine
Question: 35-year-old woman on hormonal treatment for infertility. He went to the emergency department due to constitutional syndrome and paresthesias in the left side of the body. In blood tests, Hb 7.5 g / dL, reticulocytes 10% (0.52%), platelets 5,000 / uL, normal leukocytes, LDH 1,200 IU / L, direct negative Coombs test, undetectable haptoglobin are detected. Morphology of peripheral blood with abundant schistocytes. Normal coagulation tests. What is the diagnostic suspicion and the most appropriate treatment? 
 Options:  <0> Autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Start steroids. <1> Von Willebrand disease. Administration of desmopressin. <2> Thrombocytopenic purpura. Start steroids and platelet transfusion. <3> Evans syndrome. Start steroids. <4> Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Treatment with plasmapheresis.
Output: medicine
Question: A 56-year-old woman presents, after a casual fall to the floor, pain, deformity and increased volume in the left arm, with impossibility for the dorsal flexion of the hand. What is the most likely diagnosis? 
 Options:  <0> Trocheter fracture in the left humerus. <1> Diaphyseal fracture of the left humerus with radial nerve injury. <2> Supraconcondylar fracture of the humeral palate with median nerve injury. <3> Fracture of the anatomical neck of the humerus with radial nerve injury. <4> Fracture of displaced epitrochlea with ulnar nerve injury.
Output: medicine
Question: Question linked to the image nº8 A 63-year-old man with persistent pain and swelling, progressive deformity, functional impotence and prolonged rigidity after inactivity in hands, knees and feet for which he had not consulted previously. In an elemental analysis carried out in his company, he highlighted VSG 78 mm / hour, PCR 54 mg / L and uric acid 7.4 mg / dL. The X-ray of hands is shown in the image. The most likely diagnosis is: 
 Options:  <0> Tophaceous drop <1> Erosive arthrosis <2> Rheumatoid arthritis. <3> Pyrophosphate arthropathy. <4> Polymyalgia rheumatica.
Output: medicine
Question: A 20-year-old boy goes to the emergency room for fever of 39ºC, chills, papules and hemorrhagic pustules on the distal extensor surfaces of the extremities and arthritis of the knee. What is your diagnosis of initial suspicion? 
 Options:  <0> Rheumatoid arthritis. <1> Reiter syndrome. <2> Urica Drop <3> Gonococcal arthritis. <4> Vasculitis of Cogan.
Output: medicine
Question: The p-nitrobenzoic acid is: 
 Options:  <0> Less acid than benzoic acid. <1> Less acid than p-methoxybenzoic acid. <2> More acid than benzoic acid and with lower pKa. <3> More acid than benzoic acid and with higher pKa. <4> Less acid than p-methoxybenzoic acid and with lower pKa.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Which of the following atoms provides the strongest hydrogen bond in the corresponding hydrides? 
 Options:  <0> F. <1> Cl. <2> OR. <3> S. <4> P.
Output: pharmacology
Question: A 23-year-old woman goes to the emergency room because she is very nervous after an argument with her partner. In his clinical history several similar demands are reflected in the previous year, in two of them after an autolytic gesture. There are also frequent conflicts in relationships, work changes and family discussions. She says she feels misunderstood by everyone including the psychiatrists who care for her. The diagnosis would be: 
 Options:  <0> Borderline personality disorder. <1> Disorder of the histrionic personality. <2> Dysthymia <3> Dissociative disorder <4> Depersonalization disorder.
Output: medicine
Question: Allopurinol, as an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase: 
 Options:  <0> It is suicidal, reversible. <1> It is suicidal, irreversible. <2> It is analogous to the transition state, reversible. <3> Inhibits the enzyme by proteolysis. <4> Allopurinol does not inhibit that enzyme.
Output: chemistry
Question: Indicate which of the following safety precautions used in the care of the patient receiving brachytherapy is NOT true: 
 Options:  <0> Single room. <1> Prohibition of visits of children. <2> Radiation meters for health personnel. <3> Reverse isolation. <4> Limitation of the time of the visits.
Output: nursery
Question: In the coronaviurs, the assembly of the virions takes place in the (the): 
 Options:  <0> Rough endoplasmic reticulum. <1> Mitochondrial matrix. <2> Nucleus. <3> Citosol <4> Cytoplasmic membrane.
Output: biology
Question: Classify proteins and regulate their traffic to their cell destinations: 
 Options:  <0> Golgi apparatus. <1> Ribosomes <2> Rough endoplasmic reticulum. <3> Mitochondria <4> Lysosomes
Output: biology
Question: Which of the following agents has a vasoconstrictor effect? 
 Options:  <0> Endothelin <1> Nitric oxide. <2> Nitrogen. <3> Blastoestimulin. <4> Glycine
Output: pharmacology
Question: D-glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone: 
 Options:  <0> They present an asymmetric carbon. <1> They are aldosas. <2> They are enantiomers. <3> They present optical activity. <4> They have the same formula.
Output: biology
Question: The activation of arterial baroreceptors causes: 
 Options:  <0> Stimulation of the bulbar pressure center. <1> Activation of the parasympathetic. <2> Increased blood pressure. <3> Tachycardia. <4> Positive inotropic effect.
Output: biology
Question: Which of the following is an advantage of the alarm method for the treatment of enuresis? 
 Options:  <0> Its mechanism of action is well known. <1> It does not require awakening the child on a scheduled basis throughout the night. <2> It acts faster than desmopressin. <3> It does not require extra fluid intake (overlearning) as part of the treatment protocol. <4> Acts faster than dry bed training.
Output: psychology
Question: The Archaea differ from the bacteria in that: 
 Options:  <0> Their membranes have a single phospholipid layer. <1> They have several chromosomes. <2> Their membranes have glycerol ethers. <3> They are not susceptible to viral infection. <4> They do not have a cell wall.
Output: biology
Question: A 18-year-old male with a dog bite wound on the lateral face of the right lower limb comes to a nursing consultation. The wound occurred 30 hours ago and affects the subcutaneous tissue, is shaped like a moon (about 5 cm long) and is deep. Considering that you have the complete childhood immunization schedule, what intervention would be indicated in relation to tetanus vaccination? 
 Options:  <0> It does not require any intervention. <1> Put a booster dose of the tetanus vaccine (dTe). <2> Administration of antitetanic gamma globulin (GGAT). <3> Administration of antitetanus gammaglobulin and booster dose of tetanus vaccine. <4> Administration of antitetanus gammaglobulin and reinitiate tetanus vaccination.
Output: nursery
Question: For wound care and depending on their evolution, there is a wide variety of dressings on the market. From the following statements, point out the correct one: 
 Options:  <0> The gauzes always keep the wound in humid conditions. <1> The hydrogel dressing is used to maintain a dry wound. <2> Transparent films are used for infected wounds. <3> Hydrocolloid dressings are used in moist environment cures. <4> The foam dressing is used to maintain a dry wound environment.
Output: nursery
Question: Question linked to image # 15 While we are exploring this patient, he has a sudden worsening of his hemodynamic state and an increase in his tachypnea. Tracheal deviation to the left, distended jugular veins and absence of ventilation in the right hemithorax are observed. The most likely diagnosis is: 
 Options:  <0> Progression of the right pulmonary contusion. <1> Expansive right cervical vascular injury. <2> Cardiac tamponade. <3> Right hemothorax <4> Tension pneumothorax.
Output: medicine
Question: In which of the following anxiety disorders is a therapist more likely to use interoceptive exposure as a psychological treatment technique? 
 Options:  <0> Obsessive-compulsive disorder <1> Generalized anxiety disorder. <2> Panic disorder (or panic disorder) <3> Post-traumatic stress disorder. <4> Social phobia.
Output: psychology
Question: A microelectrode is characterized by: 
 Options:  <0> Give answers in steady state. <1> Always need an inert electrolyte. <2> Always need a potentiostatic system. <3> Do not need a reference electrode. <4> Always need agitation.
Output: chemistry
Question: Which of the following drugs can alleviate the compensatory increases in heart rate and the release of renin that occur in heart failure ?: 
 Options:  <0> Milrinona. <1> Digoxin <2> Dobutamine <3> Enalapril <4> Metoprolol
Output: pharmacology
Question: Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH): 
 Options:  <0> It catalyzes the reversible transformation of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA and vice versa. <1> It catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of pyruvate into citrate, and with it, its entry into the citric acid cycle. <2> It connects the degradation of carbohydrates, with the synthesis of acetyl-CoA and its entry into the citric acid cycle. <3> It allows the use of acetyl-CoA derived from the degradation of fatty acids for the synthesis of glucose. <4> It is activated in the presence of high concentrations of acetyl-CoA and NADH + H +.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Intrasubject experimental research designs: 
 Options:  <0> They use independent variables not manipulated directly by the researcher but through the selection of the participants. <1> They are based on the verification of independent groups assigned to the experimental conditions. <2> They combine two independent variables based on the characteristics of the participants. <3> They have lower internal validity than the intersubject designs when they do not use random assignment. <4> They use specific control techniques to control the effects associated with the order of application of the experimental conditions.
Output: psychology
Question: Acetylation of histones affects transcription: 
 Options:  <0> Blocking the incorporation of other components of the transcription machinery. <1> Preventing the remodeling of chromatin. <2> Facilitating the action of helicases. <3> Decreasing sensitivity to nuclear receptors. <4> Reducing the affinity of histones for DNA.
Output: chemistry
Question: What characteristic is true with respect to the tests referred to the criterion? 
 Options:  <0> The purpose is to describe the subject in the continuum of some trait. <1> The objective is to maximize individual differences. <2> The scores obtained only have meaning in relation to the results of the normative group. <3> They allow to interpret the scores in absolute sense, without reference to any group. <4> The items are usually derived from some feature theory.
Output: psychology
Question: The new proteins destined for secretion are synthesized in: 
 Options:  <0> Golgi apparatus. <1> Smooth endoplasmic reticulum. <2> Free polysomes. <3> Nucleus. <4> Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Output: chemistry
Question: In a pharmacoeconomic study, drug A produces a life expectancy of 5 years with a total cost of 5,000 euros, while drug B produces a life expectancy of 6 years with a total cost of 15,000 euros (average values ​​per patient) . The decision criterion is based on choosing the most effective intervention with a cost-effectiveness threshold of 30,000 euros per year of additional life earned per patient, what drug is cost-effective compared to the other and why? 
 Options:  <0> Drug B, because the incremental cost-effectiveness with respect to A is below the cost-effectiveness threshold. <1> Drug A, because it costs much less than B and there is only one year of difference in life expectancy. <2> Drug A, because the incremental cost-effectiveness of B with respect to A is above the cost-effectiveness threshold. <3> Drug B, because each year of life has a cost of 29,500 euros below the cost-effectiveness threshold. <4> Drug A, because the incremental cost-effectiveness with respect to B is above the cost-effectiveness threshold.
Output: medicine
Question: A cyclic voltammetry: 
 Options:  <0> It is based on a stationary broadcasting regime. <1> It uses macroelectrodes as working electrodes. <2> He never needs a potentiostatic system. <3> It is always done in a non-agitated solution. <4> It uses a square wave potential format as an excitation system.
Output: chemistry
Question: In the technique of atomic absorption spectrometry, the use of an electrothermal atomizer instead of the flame provides: 
 Options:  <0> Greater accuracy <1> Greater precision. <2> Greater sample consumption <3> Longer analysis times. <4> Greater sensitivity
Output: chemistry
Question: Importin intervenes in the transport of proteins from the cytoplasm to: 
 Options:  <0> Nucleus. <1> Endoplasmic reticulum. <2> Mitochondria. <3> Peroxisome <4> Lysosome
Output: biology
Question: What is estimated with the measurement of skin folds? 
 Options:  <0> The total body mass. <1> The lean mass. <2> The body fat. <3> The relationship between fat mass and muscle mass. <4> The skeletal muscles.
Output: nursery
Question: Criterion A for the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (DSM-IV-TR) is met for obsessions and compulsions, obsessions are defined by the following characteristics, except for one of them, what is the FALSE? 
 Options:  <0> Thoughts, impulses or recurrent and persistent images experienced, at some point of the disorder, as intruders and cause significant anxiety or discomfort. <1> Thoughts, impulses or images are not reduced to simple excessive concerns about real-life problems. <2> The person tries to ignore or suppress those thoughts, impulses or images or neutralize them. <3> The person does not recognize that these thoughts, impulses or obsessive images are the product of their mind. <4> The person recognizes that these thoughts, impulses or obsessive images are the product of his mind and do not come taxes.
Output: psychology
Question: The Chichibabin reaction is an example of nucleophilic substitution in a ring of: 
 Options:  <0> Benzene. <1> Anthracene <2> Biphenyl <3> Pyridine <4> Pirrol.
Output: chemistry
Question: In the Urea Cycle, where is the hydrolysis of ATP required? 
 Options:  <0> In the formation of Citrulline. <1> In the Ornithine formation. <2> In the formation of Urea. <3> In the formation of Carbamoyl-Phosphate. <4> 3 and 4 are correct.
Output: chemistry
Question: Being the standard deviation and the number of data, the standard error of the mean, Sm, of a data set is: √𝑠 
 Options:  <0> 𝑆𝑚 = 𝑁 . <1> 𝑆𝑚 = 𝑠 𝑁 . 𝑁 <2> 𝑆𝑚 = √𝑠 . √𝑠 <3> 𝑆𝑚 = √𝑁 . 𝑠 <4> 𝑆𝑚 = √𝑁 .
Output: pharmacology
Question: In eukaryotes, the DNA polymerase β: 
 Options:  <0> It is a polymerase of family B. <1> It carries out the synthesis and repair of mitochondrial DNA. <2> Replicate DNA with injuries. <3> It is involved in the repair of nuclear DNA. <4> The synthesis of nuclear DNA begins.
Output: biology
Question: Point out which of the following is more clearly a positive symptom of schizophrenia: 
 Options:  <0> The flat or dull affection. <1> The poverty of language. <2> The associability. <3> Hallucinations <4> The bulimia.
Output: psychology
Question: Parathymia is characterized by: 
 Options:  <0> Flexibility and emotional or affective modulation have been lost. <1> There are mixed feelings of love-hate. <2> There are rapid changes of mood. <3> There is an absence of control over the expression of affects. <4> Affective expression is discordant or inappropriate with the situation.
Output: psychology
Question: The access of drugs to the central Nervous System is conditioned by the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BHE) barrier: 
 Options:  <0> Increases its permeability in case of inflammation. <1> It is homogeneous throughout the encephalon. <2> It is traversed freely by fat-soluble drugs. <3> It is maximum in the chemoreceptor area of ​​the trigger. <4> Decreases its permeability in case of inflammation.
Output: pharmacology
Question: What kind of memory can we use to plan what we have to do to arrive on time for an appointment next Tuesday? 
 Options:  <0> Prospective report. <1> Autobiographical memory <2> Episodic memory. <3> Semantic memory <4> Procedural memory.
Output: psychology
Question: Question linked to image nº11 In relation to the treatment of this patient, indicate the correct answer: 
 Options:  <0> It would be necessary to perform evacuation puncture guided by CT of the perinephritic collection and prescribe broad spectrum antibiotic therapy. <1> Urinary diversion is the key in the initial management of cases with hydronephrosis and deterioration of renal function or infection. The definitive treatment will depend on the etiology. <2> Before making therapeutic decisions we must continue the study by abdominal CT. <3> It is an acalculous cholecystitis and requires an urgent cholecystectomy. <4> At present, the level of evidence suggests that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) no longer represent the first analgesic step in the treatment of patients with nephritic colic who go to an emergency department.
Output: medicine
Question: It is a heteropolysaccharide: 
 Options:  <0> Hyaluronan <1> Cellulose. <2> Chitin <3> Dextran <4> Glycogen
Output: pharmacology
Question: When in a laboratory report we observed that the patient presents an increase in the concentration of transferrin with a decrease in its saturation, we can think of: 
 Options:  <0> Pernicious anemia. <1> Sickle-cell anaemia. <2> Thalassemia major. <3> Hereditary spherocytosis. <4> Anemia due to iron deficiency.
Output: pharmacology
Question: A 75-year-old woman, with menopause at 52 years of age, with no family or personal history of a fracture, diagnosed with temporal arteritis, who is going to start treatment with prednisone at high doses and with an expectation of treatment for at least one year. The delay of densitometry (DXA) in its center is 4-5 months. Preventive treatment of osteoporosis is proposed. Among the following, which is the most appropriate attitude ?: 
 Options:  <0> Request DXA and wait for the result. <1> Assess absolute risk of fracture using the FRAX questionnaire without BMD and treat only if it is high. <2> Start treatment with bisphosphonates and vitamin D (800 IU / day). <3> Administer calcium supplement (1g) and vitamin D (800 IU / day). <4> Assess if you have osteopenia on the radiographs and treat if it is present.
Output: medicine
Question: Which of the following statements about leishmaniasis in Spain is correct? 
 Options:  <0> It is eradicated. <1> It is anthroponotic. <2> It is associated with HIV. <3> It is transmitted by Lutzomyia. <4> It is exclusively visceral.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Which of the following conditions causes a decrease in the O2 saturation of the hemoglobin that is not due to a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen? 
 Options:  <0> Ventilation-perfusion ratio lower than normal. <1> Anemia. <2> Carbon monoxide poisoning. <3> Hypoventilation. <4> Shunt venoarterial.
Output: medicine
Question: Which of the following statements about sphingolipids is CERTAIN: 
 Options:  <0> They may have charge, but they are not amphipathic molecules. <1> They are formed by glycerol and fatty acids. <2> They contain two esterified fatty acids. <3> The cerebrosides and ganglosides are sphingolipids. <4> Terpenes are the main sphingolipids.
Output: chemistry
Question: When you value the oncological patient, in which Functional Pattern of M. Gordon is included the Barthel Index ?: 
 Options:  <0> Cognitive-Perceptual. <1> Activity-Exercise. <2> Perception-Health Management. <3> Nutritional-Metabolic. <4> Self-perception-Self-concept
Output: nursery
Question: Fibrous cartilage is typical of: 
 Options:  <0> Windpipe. <1> Bronchi <2> Auricular pavilion <3> Intervertebral discs. <4> External auditive conduct.
Output: biology
Question: They produce myelin in the central nervous system: 
 Options:  <0> Astrocytes <1> Ependymal cells. <2> Satellite cells. <3> Schwann cells. <4> Oligodendrocytes
Output: biology
Question: The calibration curves used in chemical analysis: 
 Options:  <0> They represent the response of an analytical method to unknown concentrations of analyte. <1> They use standard samples that contain the solvent used in the analytical method, but without analyte. <2> They use a standard solution that allows knowing the response of the analytical method to the interfering species that exist in the reagents. <3> They are constructed by preparing samples of known analyte concentration (standards) and determining the response of the analytical procedure to these standards. <4> They are constructed using samples of unknown analyte concentration and measuring the response of the analytical procedure to them.
Output: pharmacology
Question: With respect to the distribution coefficient of a solute between two partially miscible liquids: 
 Options:  <0> Because it is a quotient between solute concentrations in the two phases, it is independent of temperature. <1> It does not depend on the total amount of solute in both parts. <2> It is useful to determine the molar mass of the solute. <3> If one phase is water and the other an organic solvent, it is usually used in medical and environmental chemistry to know the distribution of drugs and contaminants between these two types of media. <4> It only has physical significance when the liquid phases are in contact through a semipermeable membrane.
Output: chemistry
Question: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a chelating agent widely used as a titrator in complexometric assessments that are characterized by: 
 Options:  <0> To make possible the EDTA titration of many metals in alkaline solutions an auxiliary complexing agent is used which prevents the metal ion from precipitating as hydroxide. <1> EDTA forms complexes of 1: 2 stoichiometry with some metal ions and therefore has a poor application in quantitative analysis. <2> It is important to choose an adequate pH to carry out the titration because metal-EDTA complexes are more stable at low pH than at high pH. <3> When evaluating a metal ion with EDTA, there is an excess of EDTA at the equivalence point. <4> When evaluating a metal ion with EDTA, there is an excess of metallic ion at the equivalence point.
Output: pharmacology
Question: What is the part of the antigen that is recognized by the antibody called ?: 
 Options:  <0> Ectopic. <1> Epimer. <2> Epithet. <3> Epitope. <4> Endogenous.
Output: chemistry
Question: Which of the following statements about aging corresponds to the psychosocial approach known as Theory of Continuity? 
 Options:  <0> Well-being in old age depends on newly acquired roles. <1> Aging successfully is related to the number of activities that are carried out. <2> As you get older it is necessary to voluntarily abandon certain activities. <3> Aging in a healthy way implies not dissociating from social roles. <4> The level of activity in old age is a function of the person's life trajectory.
Output: nursery
Question: The individual evaluation of the intelligence presents, in front of its collective evaluation, the following advantage: 
 Options:  <0> The application of individual tests implies a shorter duration. <1> The individual evaluation requires less training of the psychologist who administers them (the groups require more expertise). <2> It offers a total score without detailing in the different skill profiles. <3> It is considered more useful for a clinical purpose than the collective evaluation. <4> Individual evaluation does not require time control.
Output: psychology
Question: Dyneins are proteins: 
 Options:  <0> Motorboats <1> Responsible for the dynamism of the extracellular matrix. <2> Exclusive of the cilia. <3> Exclusives of the flagella. <4> Actin type
Output: biology
Question: Miltefosine and meglumine antimonate are used against: 
 Options:  <0> Plasmodium falciparum. <1> Entamoeba histolytica. <2> Fasciola hepatica. <3> Leishmania <4> Trichinella spiralis.
Output: biology
Question: The FAB (antibody fragments that bind antigens) are used as antidotes to poisoning by: 
 Options:  <0> Digoxin <1> Barbiturates <2> Derived amphetamines. <3> Salicylates. <4> Antihistamines
Output: pharmacology
Question: The pyruvate carboxylase activity depends on the positive allosteric effector: 
 Options:  <0> Succinate <1> AMP. <2> Isocitrate. <3> Citrate. <4> Acetyl CoA
Output: chemistry
Question: The concept of latent scheme in the cognitive theory of depression by Aaron Beck means that they are cognitive schemes: 
 Options:  <0> Of which the individual is not aware. <1> That directly influence the mood in a continuous but subtle way. <2> They are not permanently activated in vulnerable individuals and are activated only in the face of specific stressors. <3> They are active permanently but with an intensity that increases in each relapse or recurrence. <4> That do not require mental effort for its activation.
Output: psychology
Question: In DNA the sequences of 10 to 60 nucleotides repeated in tandem are called: 
 Options:  <0> Pseudogenes <1> LINES. <2> SINES <3> Microsatellites <4> Minisatellites.
Output: biology
Question: When memory adapts to the presence of a drug (eg, subsensitizing receptors, synthesizing new membrane proteins) in such a way that the ability of the drug (eg, in alcohol to disrupt neuronal membranes) is increasingly minor, we are talking about: 
 Options:  <0> Psychological tolerance <1> Cross tolerance <2> Metabolic tolerance <3> Pharmacological tolerance. <4> Reduced tolerance
Output: psychology
Question: In the context of the analysis of the factors that influence the outcome of psychotherapy, state which of the following can be considered a specific (technical) factor (versus other types of factors, such as, for example, extra-therapeutic change, common factors): 
 Options:  <0> Placebo effect. <1> Promote successful experiences in the course of therapy. <2> Establishment of a relationship of trust. <3> Use of empathy. <4> The economy of chips.
Output: psychology
Question: The term DOMAIN refers to: 
 Options:  <0> The ends of the polypeptide chains of a protein. <1> Compact segments of globular proteins, which are structurally independent and have specific functions. <2> Combinations of alpha helices and beta sheets without a particular function. <3> Each of the individual polypeptide chains of an oligomer. <4> The structure of fibrous proteins.
Output: chemistry
Question: Acetylsalicylic acid is a compound whose pKa is 3.5. What percentage of a dose of this product can be absorbed in the stomach fasting (pH 1.5)? 
 Options:  <0> Less than 10% <1> Between 10% and 20%. <2> More than 90% <3> Between 20% and 40%. <4> 50%
Output: pharmacology
Question: In the Pap test, cytological samples should be collected from: 
 Options:  <0> The vulva, the cervix and the inside of the uterine cavity. <1> The vaginal walls and the uterine fundus. <2> The inside of the cervix, the external cervical os and the posterior vaginal sac. <3> The vaginal introitus and the ectocervix. <4> The endocervix and the lateral vaginal sacs.
Output: nursery
Question: A 29-year-old woman with a history of abundant rules and long-standing iron-deficiency anemia who have required treatment with ferrotherapy since she was 17 years old. Consult because after a tooth extraction you have hemorrhage that has required local hemostatic treatment. He relates that a maternal aunt presents frequent epistaxis. In analytical presents: 8000 leukocytes / uL, Hb 10.7 g / dL, VCM 76 fL, 380,000 platelets / uL; the biochemistry is normal. Prothrombin activity 90%; INR 0.9; Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) 48 sec (39 sec) with an APTT ratio of 1.3 and fibrinogen derivative 340 mg / dL. What is the most likely diagnostic suspicion and how would it confirm it? 
 Options:  <0> Hemophilia A and mixtures test. <1> Lupus anticoagulant and ANAS study. <2> Sideroblastic anemia and spinal aspiration. <3> Congenital thrombocytopathy and study of platelet aggregation. <4> Von Willebrand disease and determination of factor vW.
Output: medicine
Question: Man of 42 years, married, with three children under age. No psychiatric history. After an ERE in the bank where he worked, he is finally fired and has been unemployed for 5 months. He does not find another work activity. He comes to consultation with the following clinical picture: general discouragement, lack of appetite, nervousness, insomnia, recurrent worries about his future and avoidance of socio-family activities. Which diagnostic option of the following is the most appropriate? 
 Options:  <0> Obsessive disorder <1> Adaptive disorder with anxious-depressive symptoms. <2> Social phobia. <3> Dysthymia <4> Anxiety with agoraphobia.
Output: medicine
Question: An amine, due to the pair of non-bonding electrons that nitrogen possesses: 
 Options:  <0> It can be considered as an electrophile. <1> It can be considered as a Lewis acid. <2> It can act as a nucleophilic reagent attack center. <3> It can be considered as a nucleophile. <4> It is an example of apolar product.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Graphite: 
 Options:  <0> It gives intercalation compounds with fluorine. <1> Reacts with sodium to give a covalent compound with C ̶ Na bond. <2> Reacts with sodium to give intercalation compounds that have the same distance between layers that pure graphite had. <3> Reacts with sodium to give intercalation compounds that are better electrical conductors than pure graphite. <4> It gives covalent compounds with bromine with C ̶ Br bond.
Output: chemistry
Question: In the path that leads in the liver to acetoacetate biosynthesis from acetyl CoA, which of the following substances is the immediate precursor of acetoacetate? 
 Options:  <0> 3-Hydroxybutyrate <1> Acetoacetyl CoA. <2> 3-Hydroxybutyrate CoA. <3> Mevalonic acid. <4> 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl. CoA.
Output: chemistry
Question: In a renal transplant patient, which of the following characteristics is the characteristic of acute renal rejection? 
 Options:  <0> Interstitial infiltrate of B lymphocytes. <1> Preferably infiltrated with T lymphocytes in the renal interstitium and in the renal tubules. <2> Fibrosis and tubular atrophy. <3> Proliferative glomerulonephritis without affecting the interstitium. <4> Presence of circulating antidonant antibodies and renal infarcts.
Output: medicine
Question: In mammals, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are receptors: 
 Options:  <0> Signaling. <1> Antigenic <2> Of histocompatibility alleles. <3> Of phagocytosis. <4> Of chemokines.
Output: biology
Question: The involuntary loss of weight can mean malnutrition, if it is higher than: 
 Options:  <0> 4% in 3 months. <1> 5% in 1 month. <2> 10% in 12 months. <3> 15% in 10 months. <4> 20% in 6 months.
Output: nursery
Question: Before a 49-year-old man, asymptomatic, with a family history of a father who died of prostate cancer, a PSA (Specific Prostate Antigen) of 5.9 ng / ml was identified in a routine company control, with a PSA ratio free / Total PSA of 11% and that in a digital rectal examination there is an increase in consistency in the right prostatic lobe, what is the following clinical indication? 
 Options:  <0> Ask the patient to perform a transrectal ultrasound and prostate biopsy. <1> Perform a abdominopelvic CT scan. <2> Start treatment with 5 alpha reductase inhibitors to halve PSA levels. <3> Start combined treatment of LHRH analogues and antiandrogens. <4> Perform a bone scan.
Output: medicine
Question: Enzymatic regulation by reversible covalent modification: 
 Options:  <0> It involves the breaking of the peptide bond. <1> It requires the action of another enzyme. <2> It always involves phosphorylation reaction. <3> It never affects allosteric enzymes. <4> The enzyme never comes in two forms.
Output: biology
Question: The triple point of a phase diagram of a component: 
 Options:  <0> Presents 3 degrees of freedom, according to the rule of the phases. <1> Presents 1 degree of freedom, according to the rule of the phases. <2> It is characterized because the liquid and gas phases are indistinguishable. <3> It is characterized because there are three phases in equilibrium. <4> It is characterized because there are four phases in equilibrium.
Output: pharmacology
Question: What model of Family Therapy states that the change occurs when the pathological family game is replaced by another less harmful game? 
 Options:  <0> Therapy of the group of Milan. <1> Palo Alto MRI Therapy. <2> Therapy focused on solutions. <3> Structural therapy <4> Strategic therapy
Output: psychology
Question: The psychological report must have the possibility of: 
 Options:  <0> Be written as the format of a structured interview. <1> Use any psychological test even if they are not adapted and measured in our country. <2> Be replicated or contrasted <3> Be binding for the Judge (in case of judicial Report). <4> Be impersonalized
Output: psychology
Question: Why is the presence of lentigo in older people? 
 Options:  <0> Cell dehydration <1> Small hemorrhages due to capillary fragility. <2> Hyperplasia of intraepidermal melanocytes. <3> Deficiency of collagen and elastin. <4> Lipofuscin deposits.
Output: nursery
Question: Which of the following options is NOT an effect of insulin ?: 
 Options:  <0> Stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis. <1> Stimulates the uptake of glucose at the level of white adipose tissue. <2> Stimulates lipogenesis at the level of white adipose tissue. <3> Stimulates glycogen genesis in skeletal muscle. <4> It stimulates glucose uptake at the muscle level.
Output: chemistry
Question: What psychosocial theory considers as maladjusted to the elderly who try to maintain previous levels and patterns of activity: 
 Options:  <0> Activity. <1> Empty of roles. <2> Continuity. <3> De-linking <4> Structured dependence.
Output: nursery
Question: Where does glycosylation take place in a eukaryotic cell? 
 Options:  <0> In the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi Apparatus. <1> Only in the Golgi Apparatus. <2> In the mitochondria and the Golgi Apparatus. <3> Only in the endoplasmic reticulum. <4> In the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane.
Output: chemistry
Question: Which of the following strands of DNA has the same nucleotide sequence (except the change of T for U) as its primary transcript: 
 Options:  <0> The coding strand. <1> The mold thread. <2> The leading thread. <3> The delayed strand <4> Any.
Output: chemistry
Question: What are the main functions of the managers or leaders of an organization ?: 
 Options:  <0> Control, supervision, information and communication. <1> Recruitment, selection, hiring and supervision. <2> Planning, organization, execution / direction and control. <3> Address, evaluation, authorization / denial and communication. <4> Hiring, training, accreditation and approval.
Output: nursery
Question: In the Michaelis-Menten kinetics, when the values ​​of [s] are much lower (<1/100) than the value of Km: 
 Options:  <0> We are in saturation kinetics. <1> The kinetics is of order 1. <2> The Vo is the Vmax. <3> The speed is independent of the [s]. <4> That situation never occurs.
Output: biology
Question: It is a costimulatory molecule that is expressed in the antigen-presenting cells: 
 Options:  <0> CD25. <1> CD20. <2> CD42. <3> CD18. <4> CD80.
Output: biology
Question: According to the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, intrapersonal intelligence: 
 Options:  <0> It has been preponderant in our current system of academic evaluation. <1> It is the ability to understand and interact with others. <2> It focuses on the potential to form a mental model of a spatial world. <3> It is the ability to form an adjusted model of oneself and to use it effectively in life. <4> It is exhibited when it comes to making products that need to use the body.
Output: psychology
Question: Mass spectrometry is combined with chromatography to generate a very powerful analytical tool. With regard to mass spectrometry (MS), it can be said that: 
 Options:  <0> The electronic ionization is based on the ion-molecule reactions between the reactive gas ions and the analyte molecules. <1> The linear quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylinders that are placed in parallel so that they are positively and negatively charged alternately. <2> The flight time analyzer is based on a tube of highly charged material so that only the opposite charge ions enter and separate. <3> The ion trap can be placed at the end of the chromatographic column for molecular ions from the already separated analytes and impact on the screen of a radioactive detector. <4> The ionization method known as MALDI is based on the desorption of ions from a matrix in the form of a gel by rapid bombardment of supercritical gas.
Output: chemistry
Question: In charge of who was the regulation of the exercise of health professions in Spain during the fifteenth century and later? 
 Options:  <0> The Faculties of Medicine. <1> The Protomedical Court. <2> The General Board of Health. <3> The Ministry of Education. <4> The General Benevolence of the State.
Output: nursery
Question: Neuraminidase of the influenza virus: 
 Options:  <0> It is found inside the capsid and is released after entering the cell. <1> Its function is to facilitate the encapsulation of genetic material. <2> It is one of the spicules of the envelope. <3> It is not antigenic. <4> It facilitates the adsorption of the virus to the cell.
Output: biology
Question: When a person remains in an immobile attitude, with rigid muscles, and can be placed in different positions without him trying to recover the original position for a while, he is likely to suffer: 
 Options:  <0> Passive negativity <1> Automatic obedience. <2> Reactive mannerisms. <3> Psychomotor alteration of rest. <4> Waxy flexibility.
Output: psychology
Question: In the treatment with progestogens, a significant number of adverse effects occur. Of those listed below, the most serious is: 
 Options:  <0> Liver failure. <1> Thromboembolic disease. <2> Respiratory insufficiency. <3> Depression. <4> Heart failure.
Output: nursery
Question: In studies that use meta-analysis for the systematic review of the results of psychotherapies, which is the most used dependent variable? : 
 Options:  <0> The number of depressive symptoms. <1> The size of the effect. <2> The systematized observation of the therapist. <3> The number of patients that has been cured. <4> The expectations of the patient.
Output: psychology
Question: The probability that a person free of a disease develops it during a period of time, corresponds to: 
 Options:  <0> Chance. <1> Prevalence <2> Specificity <3> Forecast. <4> Risk.
Output: nursery
Question: For what purpose do Foa and Rothbaum (1998) propose the Reformulated Narrative of Trauma in its proposed intervention in PTSD ?: 
 Options:  <0> Identify the activating stimuli of the symptoms. <1> Reduce the frequency of intrusive images. <2> Provide information that belies the beliefs related to the trauma. <3> Help to remember the experience so that it can be assimilated into the person's autobiographical memory. <4> Direct the patient's full attention from his thoughts to the external world.
Output: psychology
Question: Which of the following vertebrate viruses does it require during its multiplication cycle of a polymerase with reverse transcriptase activity? 
 Options:  <0> Herpes simplex virus type 1. <1> Smallpox virus <2> Varicella-zoster virus. <3> Hepatitis B virus <4> Epstein-Barr virus.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The determination of mercury by the cold vapor generation technique is based on the reduction of mercury in acid solution and the entrainment of the elemental mercury obtained to the absorption cell for analysis by atomic absorption. The most commonly used reducers are: 
 Options:  <0> SnCl2, for inorganic mercury and Na BH4 for both organomercury compounds and inorganic mercury. <1> Citrate, both for inorganic mercury, and organomercuriales. <2> Glutathione, especially suitable for all mercury species. <3> CaH2, for organomercurials and KMnO4 for inorganic mercury. <4> Na2SO3, for all mercury species.
Output: chemistry
Question: Primary amines give condensation reactions with aldehydes and ketones producing: 
 Options:  <0> Iminas. <1> Enaminas <2> Amides <3> Hydrazines <4> Purines.
Output: chemistry
Question: Mitochondrial electronic transport and oxidative phosphorylation: 
 Options:  <0> They are two different processes, but coupled. Without electronic transport there will never be oxidative phosphorylation. <1> Without oxidative phosphorylation there can never be electronic transport. <2> The net yield of oxidative phosphorylation is about 2.5 moles of ATP per mole of FADH2. <3> Cyanide is toxic because it binds to ATP synthase. <4> Uncoupling agents inhibit ATP synthase.
Output: chemistry
Question: Virgina Henderson describes the relationship of the nurse with the patient in the following structure: 
 Options:  <0> Levels: Substitution. Help. Accompaniment. <1> Roles: Strange. Person resource. Teacher. Leadership. Substitute. Advice. <2> Skills: Beginner Advanced beginner Effective. Expert. <3> Help modes: Act for another. Lead another. Support another. Provide an environment that fosters development. Teach another <4> Styles: Stimulation. Confirmation. Conservation and continuity of life. Self-image Compensation and rest.
Output: nursery
Question: One of the following types of transport through membranes does NOT exist: 
 Options:  <0> Ion transport facilitated by ionophore (against electrochemical gradient). <1> Facilitated diffusion (in favor of electrochemical gradient) <2> Primary active transport (against electrochemical gradient). <3> Ionic channel (in favor of electrochemical gradient). <4> Simple diffusion (in favor of concentration gradient).
Output: pharmacology
Question: Transketolase catalyzes the transformation of ribose-5-phosphate and xylulose-5-phosphate into: 
 Options:  <0> Two molecules of ribulose-5-phosphate. <1> Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. <2> Fructose-6-phosphate and erythrose-4-phosphate. <3> Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. <4> 6-Phosphogluconate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
Output: chemistry
Question: What measure defines the frequency of lung cancer among people who smoke 20 cigarettes a day compared to those who do not smoke ?: 
 Options:  <0> Accumulated incidence. <1> Incidence density. <2> Relative risk. <3> Attributable risk. <4> Etiological risk fraction.
Output: nursery
Question: Young person who goes to the emergency room for second degree flame burn of 10% of the body surface, affecting the right arm in an extensive and circular way. There is no arterial pulse in the hand measured by Doppler. What is the treatment of choice? 
 Options:  <0> Cures with occlusive silver sulfadiacin and evaluation of depth per week. <1> Lymphatic drainage and assess a vascular by-pass. <2> Escarotomy or emergency decompression incisions. <3> Expectant behavior <4> Amputation of the extremity.
Output: medicine
Question: What author proposes that the structure and functions of the personality are organized in three levels: dispositional traits, personal interests or concerns and life history? 
 Options:  <0> Pelechano <1> Singer. <2> Coast. <3> McAdams. <4> Pervin.
Output: psychology
Question: Question linked to image n ° 16 If the patient is treated surgically with adequate resection margins, what prognosis do you consider most likely? 
 Options:  <0> Healing very likely, with moderate possibility of local recurrence and very remote possibility of distant metastasis. <1> Local recurrence with an approximate probability of 50%. <2> Probability of lymph node metastasis greater than 50%. <3> Probability of distant metastasis greater than 30%. <4> In this case, surgical treatment should not be considered as the only therapeutic option.
Output: medicine
Question: Hepatic glycolysis differs from muscle glycolysis in that: 
 Options:  <0> A low blood glucose concentration results in the inhibition of hepatic pyruvate kinase but not of muscle. <1> Hexative hexokinase has more affinity for glucose than muscle hexokinase. <2> The glycolytic enzymes in the liver are located in the cytoplasm, while in the muscle they are in cytoplasms and mitochondria. <3> Hepatic glycolysis is anaerobic, while muscle glycolysis is aerobic. <4> The final product of hepatic glycolysis is acetyl-CoA, while in muscle glycolysis that pyruvate.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The method of continuous variations is used in molecular absorption spectrophotometry to: 
 Options:  <0> Determine the position of the isobestic point in a mixture of absorbent species. <1> Calculate the exact position of the absorption maximum of an absorbent complex. <2> Obtain the pH corresponding to the end point of the titration of an absorbing acid or base. <3> Calculate the stoichiometry of an absorbent complex. <4> Calculate the exact value of the dissociation constant of an absorbent acid.
Output: chemistry
Question: The lipogenesis takes place mainly in: 
 Options:  <0> The mitochondria'. <1> The cytosol. <2> The peroxisomes. <3> The lysosomes. <4> The lipid rafts of the membranes.
Output: chemistry
Question: A study is being conducted in a health center to determine the effect of exposure to tobacco smoke in children of smoking parents. For this purpose, a group of healthy children between 3 and 7 years old whose parents are smokers is selected and at the same time an equal number of children whose parents are non-smokers are selected in the same center. A year later, the appearance of respiratory diseases during that year will be investigated in both groups. Indicate the correct answer: 
 Options:  <0> The study design is a prospective cohort. <1> The study design is cases and controls. <2> The study design follows a qualitative methodology. <3> The study is experimental. <4> The type of design used is efficient to study rare diseases.
Output: medicine
Question: Which of the following definitions of fluorimetry is correct? 
 Options:  <0> Fluorimetry is less sensitive than spectrometry. <1> Fluorimetry is less specific than spectrometry. <2> Unsaturated cyclic molecules are frequently fluorescent. <3> The fluorescence is directly proportional to the temperature. <4> None of the options is correct.
Output: chemistry
Question: Dense neat or patterned connective tissue is part of: 
 Options:  <0> Hemopoietic stroma. <1> Tendons <2> Digestive mucosa <3> Mucosa of the uterus. <4> Sclera
Output: biology
Question: In pharmaceutical practice, office alcohol is used that meets the conditions for pharmaceutical use and thus qualifies alcohol: 
 Options:  <0> Of 95º or alcohol of 96º that owns to the exit of factory. <1> 95º or 95º alcohol that it has at the factory outlet. <2> Of greater disinfecting and bactericidal power. <3> Of 100º. <4> Of greater disinfecting power although not bactericidal.
Output: pharmacology
Question: After the patient has suffered an epileptic seizure, there is a risk of presenting: 
 Options:  <0> Hypoxia, vomiting and pulmonary aspiration. <1> Dizziness, nausea and abdominal pain. <2> Intense headache, hypotension and rigidity. <3> High blood pressure and arrhythmias. <4> Insomnia, altered appetite and loss of energy.
Output: nursery
Question: The atrial syncytium is separated from the ventricular by: 
 Options:  <0> The atrio-ventricular valves. <1> The semilunar valves. <2> The fibrous skeleton. <3> The interventricular septum. <4> The Beam of His.
Output: biology
Question: Of the following anticoagulants which is a direct inhibitor of thrombin: 
 Options:  <0> Dabigatran <1> Apixaban. <2> Rivaroxaban. <3> Acenocoumarol. <4> Clopidogrel
Output: medicine
Question: The three-dimensional structure of B-DNA: 
 Options:  <0> It is shorter and wider than the A-DNA. <1> It has around 20pb for each 360º turn of the propeller. <2> It is the most stable structure under physiological conditions. <3> It appears when the DNA is placed in a saline solution. <4> It is a left-handed helix.
Output: biology