niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Question: We want to study if Vitamin D can increase the incidence of breast cancer. In our area we have a population registry of cancer. To achieve our goal, all women diagnosed with breast cancer are selected from the register we have and each case pairs with two controls. What study design has been chosen? 
 Options:  <0> Prospective cohort study. <1> Cases and controls study. <2> Case-control study nested. <3> Retrospective cohort study. <4> Ecological study
Output: medicine
Question: Miracidium is a larval phase that is part of the biological cycle of a: 
 Options:  <0> Pediculus <1> Ascaris <2> Oxiuro. <3> Fluke. <4> Phlebotomist
Output: biology
Question: The most important proteoglycan in hyaline cartilage is: 
 Options:  <0> Agrecano <1> Chondroitin sulfate 4. <2> Heparin. <3> Versicano <4> Dermatan sulfate.
Output: biology
Question: What is the model of psychological evaluation whose basic assumption is that abnormal behavior is associated with endogenous or internal factors, whether biological or intrapsychic, whose object of study is the symptom, which will allow us to build syndromes and subsequently be able to apply a treatment? 
 Options:  <0> The Behavior model. <1> The model of the Attribute. <2> The Clinical-dynamic model, Psychoanalytical perspective. <3> The Clinical-dynamic model, Medical-Psychiatric perspective. <4> The Constructivist model.
Output: psychology
Question: A 37-year-old woman with an extensive ulcerative colitis has a severe outbreak where treatment with prednisone is started at a dose of 1 mg / kg. After a week of treatment, the patient does not show improvement. What is the next therapeutic measure to perform? 
 Options:  <0> Subtotal colectomy of urgency and in a second time proctectomy and ileoanal reservoir. <1> Associate an immunosuppressant such as azathioprine. <2> Associate mesalazine in doses of 4 grams per day oral and rectal triamcinolone 1 application every 12 hours <3> Endovenous cyclosporine 2 mg / Kg. <4> Treatment with etanercept (an anti-TNFa antibody) should be assessed.
Output: medicine
Question: Question linked to image # 6 In a recent hemogram, the only notable fact is an eosinophilia of 16%. What diagnostic test of the following would provide more information in the study of the patient? 
 Options:  <0> Echocardiogram. <1> Determination of total Ig E and P-ANCAS. <2> Bronchofibroscopy. <3> Computed tomography. <4> Methacholine test and peak expiratory flow (peak flow).
Output: medicine
Question: Juan is 60 years old, smokes 2 packs / day for years and has been talking about persistent cough for 6 months. Check that your left eyelid is more droopy and that the pupil of that eye is smaller. Juan says that the medial part of his left hand is numb and less powerful. Your doctor checks for palpebral ptosis and left miosis; check that you can close both eyelids with symmetry and that both pupils respond correctly to the light. He also checks that he does not sweat through the left side of the face, that he feels less the puncture on the inside surface of that hand and that he has less strength in the grip of that hand. Regarding the ocular symptomatology, where is the lesion located? 
 Options:  <0> The sympathetic fibers, at some level that would span from the hypothalamus to the Clark-intermediate column of the dorsal medulla. <1> The left common ocular motor nerve in the mesencephalon. <2> The nucleus of Edinger-Westphal, above the nucleus of the left ocular motor nerve. <3> The parasympathetic fibers, at some level that would extend from the EdingerWestphal nucleus to the constrictor muscle of the left pupil. <4> The tarsal muscle exclusively.
Output: medicine
Question: In protein biosynthesis, base pairing takes place during the translation process between: 
 Options:  <0> RNA and DNA. <1> DNA and ribosomal RNA. <2> The transfer RNA and the ribosomal RNA. <3> The messenger RNA and the transfer RNA. <4> 18S ribosomal RNA and 5S ribosomal RNA.
Output: pharmacology
Question: An essential aspect that should be included in the assessment of a smoker is: 
 Options:  <0> Degree of dependency. <1> Stage of the change process. <2> Degree of motivation <3> Supports and difficulties. <4> All are correct.
Output: nursery
Question: The mission of the spliceosome is: 
 Options:  <0> Ensure that the transfer RNAs adopt the trefoil configuration. <1> Prevent ribosomes from entering the nucleus. <2> Perform polyadenylation of messenger RNA (mRNA). <3> Degrade defective proteins. <4> Facilitate the maturation of the mRNA precursor, since it approximates the splice points.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The color of the eyes depends on the pigment present in: 
 Options:  <0> Pupil. <1> Cornea. <2> Iris. <3> Choroid <4> Retina.
Output: biology
Question: In the sequencing of DNA by the Sanger method: 
 Options:  <0> The 2`-3` dideoxynucleotides are essential. <1> It is necessary to use suicide inhibitors of DNA polymerase. <2> DNA must maintain its double helix structure. <3> The DNA is hydrolyzed selectively. <4> The restriction endonucleases are fundamental.
Output: chemistry
Question: The Iperite or mustard gas is a: 
 Options:  <0> Vesicant agent. <1> Biological weapon <2> Phytotoxic agent. <3> Incendiary agent <4> Neurotoxic agent.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Given the purpose of the interview, what would be the CORRECT response? 
 Options:  <0> The diagnostic interview has as a priority objective to guide. <1> The research interview has as a priority objective to operate a change. <2> The therapeutic objective of the therapeutic interview is to establish a diagnosis. <3> The vocational orientation interview has as a priority objective to advise on future studies or professions. <4> The main objective of the consultative interview is to investigate the evaluation technique itself.
Output: psychology
Question: In general, viruses that have a naked capsid: 
 Options:  <0> They are stable against drying. <1> They are commonly released from the host cell by budding. <2> They are very sensitive to detergents. <3> They are very sensitive to the conditions in the intestinal tract. <4> They can not be neutralized by host antibodies.
Output: biology
Question: The only autonomic adrenergic fibers are axons of neurons: 
 Options:  <0> Sympathetic preganglions. <1> Postganglionic sympathetics. <2> Preganglionic parasympathetic. <3> Postganglionic parasympathetic. <4> Parasympathetic ganglion.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Substances that prevent abrupt changes in the pH of a solution by adding an acid or a base to it are called: 
 Options:  <0> Aceto-acetic bodies. <1> Tampons. <2> Hydrogens. <3> Anhydrous. <4> Answers 2 and 3 are the correct ones.
Output: nursery
Question: The traceability of an analytical method can be demonstrated: 
 Options:  <0> Carrying out the study of its selectivity. <1> By comparison with a reference method, use of certified reference materials and / or analysis of added samples. <2> Checking that the limit of detection of it is very low. <3> Evaluating the linearity of the calibration, whose most appropriate criterion is the correlation coefficient. <4> Making replicated measurements of the patterns and carrying out the analysis of the variance.
Output: chemistry
Question: A man suffering from bronchial asthma is undergoing a chronic treatment lasting several years with glucocorticoids. Which of the following adverse reactions detected in said patient is not due to the prolonged use of corticoid therapy ?: 
 Options:  <0> Poor healing of wounds. <1> Osteoporosis. <2> Arterial hypotension. <3> Thinning of the skin <4> Muscular atrophy.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The functional residual capacity is volume: 
 Options:  <0> Residual plus expiratory reserve. <1> Pulmonary after forced expiration. <2> Residual. <3> Maximum that can be inspired. <4> Current plus expiratory reserve.
Output: biology
Question: In protein biosynthesis: 
 Options:  <0> The information contained in the two DNA chains is translated. <1> The messenger RNA is translated in the 5'-3'direction. <2> Initiation occurs in the promoter sequence. <3> Start with the most abundant amino acid. <4> Start with different amino acid according to the protein to be synthesized.
Output: chemistry
Question: In the treatment of an overdose of paracetamol is used: 
 Options:  <0> Flumazenil. <1> Edetato sodium calcium. <2> Pralidoxime <3> N-acetylcysteine. <4> Nitro of amyl.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The treatment of choice for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in childhood is: 
 Options:  <0> The cognitive restructuring. <1> The exhibition, both in imagination and live. <2> No treatment has been proven more effective than the rest. <3> Planning of pleasant activities and training in social skills. <4> The relaxation technique alone has proven to be more effective than the rest.
Output: psychology
Question: Point out the INCORRECT response in relation to the primary prevention measures of skin cancer: 
 Options:  <0> Avoid sun exposure between 12 and 15 hours. <1> Application of sun creams with high sun protection index, 15 minutes before exposure. <2> Use photoprotection to increase the time of exposure to the sun. <3> Use sunglasses, hats and appropriate clothing, as well as awnings and umbrellas. <4> Do not expose babies to the sun or to those who are being treated with immunosuppressants.
Output: nursery
Question: Stimulates the separation of DNA strands during replication: 
 Options:  <0> Primasa <1> DNA ligase. <2> The single chain DNA binding proteins. <3> Helicasa <4> DNA polymerase I.
Output: biology
Question: The microbiocidal action of iodine and chlorine and many of its derivatives is due to: 
 Options:  <0> They are oxidizing agents. <1> They bind specifically to the active centers of the enzymes. <2> They bind specifically to ribosomal proteins. <3> They induce pores in the membranes. <4> They cause the dissolution of membrane phospholipids.
Output: biology
Question: Type I pneumocytes: 
 Options:  <0> They produce surfactant. <1> They give rise to type II pneumocytes. <2> They have a lot of organelles. <3> They are responsible for gas exchange. <4> They are mesenchymal cells.
Output: biology
Question: We want to conduct a study to assess the effect of exposure to alcohol consumption on pancreatic cancer. It is possible that the relationship may be affected by the effect of exposure to tobacco use. If you only want to analyze the effect of alcohol consumption, what type of bias can occur? 
 Options:  <0> Exposure bias <1> Diagnostic bias <2> Performance bias <3> Bias due to surveillance effect (or Hawthorne). <4> Confusing bias
Output: medicine
Question: A 54-year-old man is diagnosed with a left kidney tumor suggestive of renal cell carcinoma. In his preoperative analytical study, elevated levels of GPT, alkaline phosphatase and alpha-2-globulin and elongated prothrombin time are detected. The liver is enlarged diffusely, but without defects of hepatic infiltration. The most probable justification for these findings is due to: 
 Options:  <0> Liver metastases. <1> Intrahepatic tumor thrombosis. <2> Acute hepatitis <3> Presence of hepatotoxic substances produced by the tumor. <4> Hemochromatosis
Output: medicine
Question: Which of the following tests aims to determine the loss of mass of the tablets by abrasion processes? 
 Options:  <0> Hardness. <1> Disintegration <2> Friability. <3> Dissolution. <4> Uniformity of mass.
Output: pharmacology
Question: As inclusion of plasma cells, the presence of: 
 Options:  <0> Pelger-Huët anomaly. <1> Alder-Reilly anomaly. <2> Canes de Auer. <3> Howell's bodies. <4> Russell's bodies.
Output: pharmacology
Question: It keeps the strands of the DNA duplex separated during replication: 
 Options:  <0> Primasa <1> DNA ligase. <2> SSB protein. <3> Helicasa <4> DNA Polymerase I.
Output: biology
Question: Which of the following theorists is considered to be the founder of transcultural nursing ?: 
 Options:  <0> Madeleine M. Leininger. <1> Rosemarie Rizzo. <2> Dorothy Johnson. <3> Martha E. Rogers. <4> Ramona T. Mercer.
Output: nursery
Question: The system that integrates the assistance and care provided by the family, neighbors or relatives without any contractual relationship and based on close personal relationships, corresponds to: 
 Options:  <0> Social care. <1> Comprehensive care system. <2> Informal care system. <3> Geriatric care. <4> Social benefit
Output: nursery
Question: According to the N-terminal end rule, the N-terminal residue of a protein determines: 
 Options:  <0> Its folding rate. <1> Its intracellular concentration. <2> Its intracellular location. <3> Your average life <4> Your translation rate
Output: chemistry
Question: The treatment consisting of keeping a material at an elevated temperature for a period of time and then cooling it slowly is called: 
 Options:  <0> Normalized <1> Tempered. <2> Annealing. <3> Restored <4> Sintered
Output: chemistry
Question: The transmembrane proteins that bind to intracellular and extracellular proteins are: 
 Options:  <0> Ocludines. <1> Cadherins. <2> Actins. <3> Integrins <4> Desmocolinas.
Output: biology
Question: Indicate which of the following disorders will occur with jaundice: 
 Options:  <0> Dubin-Johnson syndrome. <1> Zellweger syndrome. <2> Hashimoto's thyroiditis. <3> Cushing's disease <4> Alcaptonuria.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Regarding substance abuse by the adolescent, point out the correct answer: 
 Options:  <0> It is usually an individual consumption which indicates a better prognosis. <1> The onset of abuse in adolescence has not shown an increased risk of becoming addicted. <2> It is independent of the risk of HIV infection. <3> The most popular drug among teenagers is cannabis. <4> It should be considered in adolescents who come to the emergency with a crisis.
Output: medicine
Question: In what kind of tasks do the attentional problems characteristic of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder manifest themselves? 
 Options:  <0> Simple, novel and targeting tasks. <1> Complex, novel and capacity tasks. <2> Simple, routine and selection tasks. <3> Complex, novel and organizational tasks. <4> Complex, routine and surveillance tasks.
Output: psychology
Question: In gas chromatography, derivatization is very common, with several objectives. One of those discussed below is not among them: 
 Options:  <0> Increase the volatility of non-volatile compounds. <1> Avoid the decomposition of a compound, improving its stability. <2> Reduce the absorption on active surfaces of the walls of the column and the solid support. <3> Fragment the analyte in molecular ions of easier separation. <4> Improve the separation of closely related compounds with a very poor separation.
Output: chemistry
Question: Among the specific objectives that have been developed in order to make a health education intervention, aimed at providing people 65 years and older with the incorporation of preventive activities for heat stroke in daily self-care, identify the one that is INCORRECTLY formulated: 
 Options:  <0> Teach people of 65 and older the signs and symptoms of heat stroke, during the first two sessions, of the total 10. <1> Select the relevant footwear-dress to use during the hot season in the place of residence, at the end of the 3rd session. <2> Enunciate the activities that are most done every day and that are influenced by excess heat, at the end of all sessions. <3> Point to a list of 15 foods, which facilitate body hydration, at the end of the 2nd session and with a maximum of 3 errors. <4> Argue each of the actions that must be done when a heat stroke occurs, one week after the end of the intervention.
Output: nursery
Question: They are secondary interoceptor mechanoreceptors: 
 Options:  <0> The corpuscle of Pacini and Ruffini. <1> The taste buds. <2> The receptors of the vestibular apparatus. <3> The hair cells of the organ of Corti. <4> The muscle bones.
Output: biology
Question: DNA fotoliasa: 
 Options:  <0> Repairs cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in the presence of visible light. <1> It binds to DNA specifically in purine dimers. <2> It contains three chromophores. <3> It is present in all eukaryotic cells. <4> It breaks the bonds that link pyrimidine rings and then dissociates in the presence of visible light.
Output: chemistry
Question: A 36-year-old patient who came to the emergency room for pain and swelling in the epiphyseal region of the right tibia. The radiographic image is lytic, eccentric and insufflates the cortex. In which tumor lesion will one have to think as more probable? 
 Options:  <0> Osteosarcoma. <1> Tumor of giant cells. <2> Encondroma. <3> Osteoid osteoid <4> Chondrosarcoma.
Output: medicine
Question: A patient with chronic renal failure has to follow a controlled diet in potassium. What foods should you suppress to reduce your potassium intake ?: 
 Options:  <0> Sugars <1> Fish. <2> Fruit in compote. <3> Raw vegetables. <4> Fruit nectar
Output: nursery
Question: If after establishing the confidence interval with respect to a difference between two independent means, we find that the zero value is not in the interval: 
 Options:  <0> We can not make any decision regarding the null hypothesis of equality of means. <1> We can not reject the null hypothesis of equality between population means. <2> We must reject the null hypothesis of equality between population means. <3> We accept the null hypothesis of equality between the population means. <4> We reject the alternative hypothesis of equality between population means.
Output: psychology
Question: The stabilizing effect of the alkyl groups on the adjacent π bonds is explained in terms of: 
 Options:  <0> Isomería. <1> Mesomería. <2> Inductive effect <3> Hyperconjugation. <4> Stereoisomería.
Output: chemistry
Question: Biotin is a transporter of: 
 Options:  <0> CO2 <1> Phosphoryl <2> Acilo <3> Methyl. <4> Electrons
Output: chemistry
Question: Question linked to image nº2 The same type of pathology can occur in other contexts. Point out which of them is more likely: 
 Options:  <0> Hypothyroidism <1> Hyperthyroidism. <2> Ulcerative colitis <3> Scleroderma <4> Glucagonoma
Output: medicine
Question: The virus (virusoid) of hepatitis D (agent δ) needs to co-infect with the hepatitis virus: 
 Options:  <0> TO. <1> B. <2> C. <3> AND. <4> G.
Output: biology
Question: If a patient presents both a major depressive disorder and partner problems, the data currently available indicates that in these cases, between Beck behavioral therapy and Beck cognitive therapy, the psychological treatment of choice would be: 
 Options:  <0> Either of the two therapies, since both are equally effective in reducing depressive symptomatology and in improving the satisfaction of the couple. <1> Beck's cognitive therapy of depression, since it is more effective than couple's behavioral therapy in reducing depressive symptoms. <2> Behavioral couple therapy, since Beck's cognitive therapy is not effective for depression when there are couple problems. <3> Behavioral couples therapy, since it is just as effective as Beck's cognitive therapy in reducing depressive symptoms, but it improves the satisfaction of the couple more. <4> Beck's cognitive therapy, since couples behavioral therapy has not empirically demonstrated its efficacy for depression.
Output: psychology
Question: What hormone causes ovulation ?: 
 Options:  <0> The FSH. <1> The LH. <2> Estrogens <3> Progesterone <4> The prostaglandins.
Output: biology
Question: The DNA Girasa is: 
 Options:  <0> A eukaryotic Topoisomerase I. <1> A eukaryotic Topoisomerase II <2> A prokaryotic Topoisomerase I <3> A prokaryotic Topoisomerase II. <4> A prokaryotic Helicasa.
Output: chemistry
Question: The therapeutic model that introduces mindfulness training as part of the therapeutic strategies to be used for personality disorders is: 
 Options:  <0> Dialectical behavioral therapy. <1> Interpersonal therapy <2> Mentalization therapy <3> The iconic therapy. <4> Cognitive therapy
Output: psychology
Question: What type of economic evaluation analysis in health compares the costs of the results of different health interventions measured in years of life adjusted for quality (QALY)? 
 Options:  <0> Analysis of minimization of costs. <1> Cost effectiveness analysis. <2> Cost utility analysis. <3> Cost benefit analysis. <4> Analysis of the cost of health.
Output: medicine
Question: Pyruvate dehydrogenase: 
 Options:  <0> Catalyzes an oxidative decarboxylation. <1> It is a monomeric enzyme of low molecular mass. <2> It is located in the cytoplasm. <3> Catalyzes the production of ethanol. <4> Consume ATP.
Output: biology
Question: The change of internal energy when a mole of solid is formed from gaseous ions at infinite separation, at atmospheric pressure and at 0 K is called energy: 
 Options:  <0> Deformation. <1> Of sublimation. <2> Reticular <3> Of condensation. <4> Of liquefaction.
Output: chemistry
Question: In relation to classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia indicate the correct answer: 
 Options:  <0> The lack of treatment causes a progressive postnatal virilization. <1> For the diagnosis, a stimulation test with ACTH is necessary. <2> In the male sex, the external genitalia are ambiguous at birth. <3> In the female sex, the external genitalia are normal at birth. <4> Prenatal treatment with glucocorticoids prevents the disease.
Output: medicine
Question: Which process is not related to a proton gradient ?: 
 Options:  <0> Oxidative phosphorylation <1> Synthesis of NADPH. <2> Glucolysis <3> Heat production <4> Active transport.
Output: chemistry
Question: The afferent neural activity of the peripheral nocioceptors is modulated in the dorsal horn of the marrow, which acts as a door that prevents or does not allow the passage of nerve impulses that come from the nocioceptors and the cortex, refers to? 
 Options:  <0> The peripheral nervous system. <1> The theory of the door. <2> Chronic stress <3> The theory of climbing. <4> The biological process of relaxation.
Output: psychology
Question: Indicate which of the following deficits leads to a porphyria: 
 Options:  <0> Phenylalanine hydroxylase. <1> 21-hydroxylase. <2> ALA dehydratase. <3> Glucokinase. <4> Tyrosine hydroxylase.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The loss of linearity of the calibration line when the fluorescence intensity is used as an analytical parameter may be due to: 
 Options:  <0> Changes in solvent density as the concentration of fluorescent analyte increases. <1> Dissolved oxygen, due to its diamagnetic character, which favors intersystem crossing. <2> The presence of static inhibitors of the incident radiation. <3> Internal conversion, in which the energy absorbed can be transformed into heat energy. <4> Self-absorption, to the internal effect of bucket and to the formation of dimers and excimers.
Output: chemistry
Question: Cognitive techniques do not seem to enhance the effect of exposure in vivo in most specific phobias, with the possible exception of: 
 Options:  <0> The claustrophobia and the phobia of heights. <1> Phobia to the dark. <2> Water phobia <3> Phobia to drive. <4> Phobia to the snakes.
Output: psychology
Question: Question linked to the image nº6 A friend of his 37 years shows him the photograph of his own right hand that is shown in the image A. He had made a cold day in November and tells him that after a few minutes regained its normal color With a magnifying magnifying glass, look at the B image in the nail bed. What is the most likely diagnosis? 
 Options:  <0> Systemic sclerosis <1> Acrocyanosis <2> Livedo reticularis. <3> Raynaud's disease. <4> Cold agglutinin disease.
Output: medicine
Question: The oxidation of fatty acids in cells of higher plants takes place in: 
 Options:  <0> Endoplasmic reticulum. <1> Chloroplasts <2> Peroxisomes <3> Citosol <4> Mitochondria
Output: pharmacology
Question: The trophoblast develops from: 
 Options:  <0> The outer layer of the blastocyst. <1> The internal cell mass. <2> The zona pellucida. <3> The bilaminar germinative disc. <4> The endometrium
Output: biology
Question: Pharmaceutical planning, in Spain, is the responsibility of: 
 Options:  <0> The municipal authorities. <1> The Interterritorial Council of the National Health System. <2> The county entities. <3> The state administration. <4> The autonomous communities.
Output: pharmacology
Question: A 76-year-old woman surgically treated for a cataract in her left eye two years before without complications. He says that for the last few months he has had the sensation that the cataract has been reproduced. Point out the most likely diagnosis. 
 Options:  <0> Secondary cataract due to incomplete extraction of the lens. <1> Opacification of the posterior capsule. <2> Cystic macular edema. <3> Dislocation of intraocular lens to the vitreous cavity. <4> Late endophthalmitis.
Output: medicine
Question: A 25-year-old man consults for jaundice. He practices bodybuilding and has injected anabolic steroids substitutes for 17alkalkyl, three weeks before. For a tonsillitis he had taken amoxicillin-clavulanic acid which he removed 15 days ago. Analytical: AST 1200 IU / L (normal upper limit, lsn 40), ALT 1300 IU / L (lsn 40), GGT 150 IU / L (lsn 50), alkaline phosphatase 180 IU / L (lsn 105), total bililrubin 4 , 8 mg / dL with direct bilirubin predominance. Serology of virus B: Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc positive. Ultrasound suggests grade I steatosis. What is the most likely diagnosis? 
 Options:  <0> Hepatitis by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. <1> Anabolic steroid hepatitis. <2> Acute hepatitis B virus <3> Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. <4> Cholestasis due to drugs.
Output: medicine
Question: Point out the correct answer regarding the regulation of hematopoiesis: 
 Options:  <0> Altitude inhibits hematopoiesis. <1> Erythropoietin inhibits hematopoiesis. <2> Hypoxia stimulates the production of erythropoietin. <3> Erythropoietin is synthesized in the liver. <4> Erythropoietin does not influence the production of red blood cells.
Output: nursery
Question: Iron deficiency anemia is treated with oral or parenteral preparations: 
 Options:  <0> Only ferrous salts should be used orally. <1> Only ferric salts should be used orally. <2> Orally, the most appropriate form is the iron-dextran complex. <3> Orally, the treatment should last a maximum of fifteen days. <4> Only ferrous salts should be used parenterally.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The lesion at the level of the posterior roots of the spinal cord produces: 
 Options:  <0> Affectation of all forms of sensitivity in metameric and ipsilateral distribution. <1> Homolateral involvement of all forms of sensitivity below the point of injury. <2> Thermoanalgesia of metameric and bilateral distribution. <3> Thermoanalgesia below the lesion and contralateral. <4> Deep anesthesia below the lesion and contralateral.
Output: pharmacology
Question: A patient with a lateral myocardial infarction will present an obstruction at the level of the artery: 
 Options:  <0> Coronary right. <1> Previous descending <2> Posterior descending. <3> Diaphragmatic <4> Circumflex.
Output: nursery
Question: Hyponatremia is part of the clinical picture of: 
 Options:  <0> Addison's disease <1> Central diabetes insipidus. <2> Nephrogenic insipid diabetes. <3> Mellitus diabetes. <4> Febrile states.
Output: pharmacology
Question: In the Type II error: 
 Options:  <0> The alternative hypothesis is not rejected being true. <1> The null hypothesis is not rejected as false. <2> The null hypothesis is not rejected, I feel certain. <3> The null hypothesis is rejected being true. <4> The alternative hypothesis is accepted as false.
Output: psychology
Question: Question linked to image nº11 Which treatment is most appropriate in the previous patient? 
 Options:  <0> Cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy type Rituximab-CHOP until complete remission. <1> Rituximab-CHOP / 21 x 6-8 cycles followed by retroperitoneal radiotherapy. <2> Rituximab-CHOP / 21 x 6-8 cycles followed by intensive QT and stem-cell transplantation (TASPE). <3> Intensive chemotherapy that includes Rituximab, high doses of cyclophosphamide and CNS prophylaxis. <4> Delay treatment until PET-CT and then treat with Rituximab-CHOP / 14 x 6-8 cycles.
Output: medicine
Question: In the replication of eukaryotic DNA the functions that correspond to the gamma (γ) DNA polymerase are: 
 Options:  <0> Translational synthesis of nuclear DNA. <1> Replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA. <2> Initiation of nuclear DNA synthesis. <3> Repair of nuclear DNA. <4> Synthesis of the leading and delayed nuclear DNA chain.
Output: biology
Question: When centrifuging human peripheral blood in a density gradient in Ficoll: 
 Options:  <0> The mononuclear cells float on the Ficoll. <1> The lymphocytes remain in the background. <2> The erythrocytes float on the Ficoll. <3> The granulocytes float on the Ficoll. <4> The monocytes remain in the background.
Output: biology
Question: In a patient with Renal Insufficiency, oral drugs must be administered: 
 Options:  <0> With natural fruit juices. <1> With the lowest volume of liquid possible. <2> With the same volume as any other patient. <3> With the largest volume of liquid possible. <4> Always during hemodialysis.
Output: nursery
Question: Which of the following excipients acts as a plasticizer in hard gelatine capsules? 
 Options:  <0> Jelly. <1> Titanium dioxide. <2> Glycerin. <3> Sodium bisulfite. <4> For methyl aminobenzoate.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Which of the following statements is true with respect to the alkaloid morphine ?: 
 Options:  <0> It is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from straw of Papaver somniferum. <1> It is a benzylisoquinol alkaloid extracted from latex of Papaver somniferum. <2> It is a tracheal alkaloid extracted from leaves of Papaver somniferum. <3> It is a quinolizidine alkaloid extracted from capsules of Papaver somniferum. <4> It is a pyrrolidinic alkaloid extracted from roots of Papaver somniferum.
Output: pharmacology
Question: What drug should be recommended for the treatment of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy? 
 Options:  <0> Phenobarbital. <1> Valproic acid. <2> Oxcarbazepine <3> Diphenylhydantoin. <4> Topiramate.
Output: medicine
Question: The tetracyclines act on the: 
 Options:  <0> DNA polymerase <1> Transpeptidation of the peptidoglycan in the wall. <2> RNA polymeres <3> 30S subunit of the ribosome. <4> DNA gyrase.
Output: biology
Question: The septic shock that can occur in the course of systemic infections due to Gram-negative bacteria is due to: 
 Options:  <0> Lipopolysaccharide. <1> Peptide-glucan. <2> Teicoic acids. <3> Flagellin <4> K. Antigen
Output: pharmacology
Question: The independent parameter of the dissolution model, the solution efficiency, has two limitations. One of them is that the last experimental point has an arbitrary nature. What is the other limitation ?: 
 Options:  <0> At least 50% of the dose must be dissolved. <1> At least 60% of the dose must be dissolved. <2> At least 75% of the dose must be dissolved. <3> At least 80% of the dose must be dissolved. <4> At least 90% of the dose must be dissolved.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The neurohypophysis: 
 Options:  <0> It is a continuation of the hypothalamus. <1> It presents dual hypothalamic control. <2> It receives hypothalamic hormones via blood. <3> It is irrigated by the portal system hypothalamus pituitary gland. <4> It produces prolactin.
Output: biology
Question: Which of the following pathogens is the cause of cat scratch disease? 
 Options:  <0> Bartonella henselae. <1> Mycobacterium tuberculosis. <2> Mycobacterium avium complex. <3> Toxoplasma gondii. <4> Epstein Barr virus.
Output: medicine
Question: When cyclopentanone is reacted with pyrrolidine, it forms: 
 Options:  <0> Amine. <1> Amide. <2> Enamina. <3> Acetal <4> Oxima.
Output: chemistry
Question: A 78-year-old woman has recently been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2. She has a history of deep vein thrombosis 5 years ago, high blood pressure, depression and generalized anxiety. Take hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril, citalopram and aspirin. Live alone in sheltered apartments. Eat little, typically coffee and toast for breakfast, fruit and half a sandwich to eat and salad for dinner. Walk 1.5 km daily. It measures 152 cm and weighs 39 Kg. The blood pressure is 130/80 mmHg and the heart rate is 82 bpm. Laboratory tests included basal glycemia of 147 mg / dL (1 month ago it was 152 mg / dL), creatinine 1.0 mg / dL (estimated glomerular filtration rate 28 ml / min), urea 32 mg / dL and glycosylated hemoglobin 9 ,5%. Which of the following is the best initial treatment for diabetes? 
 Options:  <0> Insulin glargine subcutaneous 8 U per day. <1> Oral metformin at a dose of 850 mg every 12 hours. <2> Oral Glibenclamide 10 mg daily. <3> It does not need pharmacological treatment, only diet. <4> Pioglitazone 15 mg daily.
Output: medicine
Question: When a person speaks a lot spontaneously, quickly, it is difficult to interrupt and does not end his sentences for a kind of urgent need to communicate something, is likely to present the disorder of thought called: 
 Options:  <0> Schizoafasia. <1> Speech pressure <2> Perseveration <3> Tangeciality <4> Circumstantiality
Output: psychology
Question: The value of the admitted daily intake (ADI) of a food additive can be calculated from the following previously obtained data in animals: 
 Options:  <0> Level with no observed adverse effect (NOAEL). <1> Lower level with observed adverse effect (LOAEL). <2> Safety margin (MOS). <3> Toxic interval (IT). <4> Toxicity limit value (TLV).
Output: pharmacology
Question: Which of the following data does NOT correspond to a fungal vulvovaginitis ?: 
 Options:  <0> Pregnancy increases the risk of this infection. <1> It can occur in women who never had sex. <2> Vaginal discharge with white patches or lumps adhered to the walls of the vagina is typical. <3> It can be diagnosed in a fresh smear of vaginal discharge without the need for staining. <4> Adding a drop of potash to the vaginal discharge gives off a strong fishy odor.
Output: medicine
Question: The reaction of bromine and cyclopentene leads to the production of 1,2-dibromocyclopentane by a mechanism: 
 Options:  <0> Of anti addition. <1> Of addition syn. <2> Substitution SN1. <3> Substitution SN2. <4> Of elimination.
Output: pharmacology
Question: When screening for a disease, aimed at high-risk groups, looking for disease in its initial stage, is called: 
 Options:  <0> Simple screening, non-selective, precocious. <1> Simple, selective, precocious screening. <2> Multiple, non-selective, late screening. <3> Multiple screening, selective, precocious. <4> Simple, selective, delayed screening.
Output: medicine
Question: They synthesize a single polyprotein precursor of all the proteins necessary for the rest of the multiplication cycle: 
 Options:  <0> Coronavirus. <1> Picornavirus <2> Rotavirus. <3> Paramyxovirus. <4> Calcivirus.
Output: biology
Question: Adaptive tests are characterized by: 
 Options:  <0> The unidirectional relationship between the evaluated and the test. <1> The interactive process of selection of items dependent on the response of the evaluated. <2> The homogeneous and identical application of the items to all those evaluated. <3> The identical length in the number of items to be applied. <4> The selection of items by independent criteria to the response of the evaluated.
Output: psychology
Question: What do we mean when a doctor believes firmly in his treatment, even though controlled studies have proven ineffective, the results obtained with it will be better, his patients will be better, and will have more patients? 
 Options:  <0> The opposing process of Solomon. <1> The floor effect. <2> The Asher Paradox <3> The effect of contemplation of Prochaska. <4> The theory of the control door.
Output: psychology
Question: The reaction of cyclopentene with an aqueous solution of bromine at 0 ° C originates: 
 Options:  <0> trans-1,2-dibromocyclopentane. <1> cis-2-bromocyclopentanol. <2> trans -2-bromocyclopentanol. <3> trans -1,2-cyclopentanediol. <4> cis-1,2-dibromocyclopentane.
Output: chemistry
Question: Voltammetry of anodic redissolution: 
 Options:  <0> It is always carried out with mercury film electrodes. <1> It uses an oxidation process with chemical agents. <2> It is based on the formation of mercury salts in the electrode. <3> It does not need background electrolyte. <4> It has an electrodeposition stage.
Output: chemistry
Question: In relation to the administration of non-opioid analgesics, the recommendations listed below must be considered, EXCEPT: 
 Options:  <0> Do not administer acetylsalicylic acid to children or adolescents. <1> Take the medication with food and plenty of fluids to prevent gastric discomfort. <2> Report a history of bleeding disorders. <3> Adjust the dosage in 600 mg / 24 hours. <4> Keep appointments scheduled for kidney and liver function tests.
Output: nursery
Question: Could a glass electrode be used as a reference electrode ?: 
 Options:  <0> Yes, if the glass electrode is a combined electrode. <1> Yes, if a mercury electrode is used as the indicator electrode. <2> No, since the glass electrode is a selective electrode. <3> No, because its foundation is not Nerstian. <4> Yes, if the determination is made in a buffered medium.
Output: chemistry
Question: A primary standard solution in a titration should not: 
 Options:  <0> Be prepared from a high purity reagent. <1> Have an exactly known concentration. <2> Keep your composition over time. <3> React instantly. <4> Give rise to secondary reactions.
Output: chemistry
Question: The presence of nonspecific prodromes in a psychotic disorder: 
 Options:  <0> It refers to one of the three phases in which a psychotic episode evolves. <1> It refers to the acute phase. <2> It refers to the recovery phase. <3> It defines the abrupt onset of the first psychotic episode. <4> It is a phase in which the patient does not need treatment.
Output: nursery
Question: In the compression process occurs: 
 Options:  <0> An aggregation of the powder to be compressed. <1> A decrease in porosity. <2> A decrease in interparticular contact. <3> An increase in porosity. <4> An unpacking of the particles.
Output: pharmacology
Question: With respect to the pharmacological treatment for depression, it can be stated that: 
 Options:  <0> The side effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), such as fluoxetine, are zero. <1> Treatments with SSRIs are more effective than those using cyclic antidepressants. <2> In general, pharmacological treatments should not be combined with psychological treatments. <3> They have been shown to be effective for 50% of patients, while the efficacy of placebo would be of the order of 30%. <4> Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) have been shown to be superior to other antidepressants in the treatment of severe depression.
Output: psychology
Question: A 24-year-old student who, after three weeks of a cold in the upper respiratory tract, visited the doctor for a sensation of numbness in his hands and loss of limb strength in recent days. The picture was preceded by low back pain. In the exploration, it stands out, decrease of asymmetric muscular force in upper and lower extremities, loss of osteotendinous reflexes. In this patient the most likely diagnosis is: 
 Options:  <0> Myasthenia gravis. <1> First outbreak of multiple sclerosis. <2> Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy. <3> Dermatomyositis <4> Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Output: medicine
Question: The cellulose acetate filter membranes are compatible with: 
 Options:  <0> Organic solvents. <1> Aqueous solutions <2> All solvents <3> Organic solvents, except nitrogen. <4> Nitrogen solvents.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The technique that stimulates the cerebral cortex by applying electrical pulses through an electromagnetic coil, which is used to treat some disorders such as depression, is called: 
 Options:  <0> Transcranial magnetic stimulation. <1> Intracerebral photo stimulation. <2> Functional magnetic resonance or RMf. <3> Evoked potentials of stimulation. <4> Magnetoencephalography
Output: psychology
Question: According to the article 15 of the Law of Prevention of Labor Risks, it is NOT considered a principle in the preventive activity: 
 Options:  <0> Avoid the risks and fight them from their origin. <1> Adapt the job to the person. <2> Adopt measures that put individual protection before collective protection. <3> Substitute the dangerous for what it means little or no danger. <4> Training of workers
Output: nursery
Question: The hepatic synthesis of methionine from homocysteine ​​requires: 
 Options:  <0> N5, N10 methenyl-tetrahydrofolate. <1> N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate. <2> N5-formimino-tetrahydrofolate. <3> N5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate. <4> N5, N10 methylene-tetrahydrofolate.
Output: chemistry
Question: The RISC complex (RNA-induced silencing complex) of RNA silencing based on interference RNA: 
 Options:  <0> It degrades the guide strand of the small interfering RNA molecules (siRNA). <1> It recognizes defective proteins and promotes their degradation. <2> It has a structure similar to the ribosome, formed by numerous RNAs and proteins. <3> It is formed, among others, by the Dicer protein, a type III ribonuclease. <4> It is part of both the interference mechanism of the siRNA and the microRNA.
Output: pharmacology
Question: Indicate which of the following disorders is a lysosomal disease: 
 Options:  <0> GLUT2 deficiency. <1> HSL deficiency (hormone-sensitive lipase). <2> Deficiency of LPL (lipoprotein lipase). <3> Basic amino acid transporter deficit. <4> Sphingolipidosis
Output: pharmacology
Question: The goals that improve performance and focus people's attention are: 
 Options:  <0> General, difficult and little challenging. <1> Specific, difficult and challenging. <2> Global, easy and challenging. <3> Specific, easy and challenging. <4> Those that are imposed externally.
Output: nursery
Question: Immediately after the herpes virus decapsidation takes place: 
 Options:  <0> Synthesis of an own RNA polymerase. <1> Circularization of its genome. <2> Lysis of the endosome. <3> Transcription of the viral DNA polymerase. <4> Synthesis of a protein that inhibits the replication of the host cell.
Output: biology
Question: What type of ploidy defines an individual 2n2 ?: 
 Options:  <0> Double monosomy. <1> Tetrasomy <2> Trisomy <3> Nulisomy <4> Triploidy
Output: biology
Question: Indicate the correct units of a zero order rate constant: 
 Options:  <0> mg-1. <1> h-1. <2> mg / h. <3> g X h / mL. <4> mL / h.
Output: pharmacology
Question: The entropy of a system: 
 Options:  <0> It is a state function. <1> It is an intensive variable. <2> Indicates the spontaneity of any process. <3> It is defined in the First Principle of Thermodynamics. <4> It varies according to the route traveled between the initial and final conditions.
Output: pharmacology
Question: A patient reporting chest and cervicobrachial pain. Physical examination reveals miosis and unilateral enophthalmos. Chest X-ray shows opacity at the apex and erosion of the first ribs. What is your diagnosis? 
 Options:  <0> Pancoast tumor. <1> Mediastinal tumor. <2> Localized pleural mesothelioma. <3> Bronchioloalveolar tumor. <4> Small cell lung cancer with brain metastases.
Output: medicine
Question: The obturator or catheter in a tracheostomy cannula serves to: 
 Options:  <0> Introduce the external cannula into the tracheal stoma in a non traumatic way. <1> Aspirate secretions if a vacuum source is directly connected. <2> Help maintain the permeability of the artificial airway. <3> Fix the cannula avoiding its accidental displacement. <4> Allow the patient to speak by allowing the air to pass through the vocal cords.
Output: nursery
Question: What kind of validity does the degree of confidence refer to, with which it can be inferred that the cause-effect relationships between the variables of an investigation are interpretable in the sense suggested by the researcher? 
 Options:  <0> Internal validity <1> External validity <2> Discriminant validity <3> Ecological validity <4> Construct validity
Output: psychology
Question: What is the factor, among the following, that has shown a greater ability to predict a bipolar disorder ?: 
 Options:  <0> Have a serious personality disorder <1> Be under 24 years old and be male. <2> Pregnancy. <3> Consumption of alcohol and / or substances. <4> Having a family history of having suffered the disorder.
Output: psychology
Question: The protection of a functional group, susceptible to hydrolysis, by the formation of a complex constitutes a procedure for stabilization of drugs in solution. Among the excipients used for this purpose are those that are made up of different glucose monomers with a cyclic arrangement and are called: 
 Options:  <0> Cyclodextrins. <1> Sorbitol <2> Citrates <3> Glucuronates <4> Propylene glycols
Output: pharmacology
Question: Echinocandins are antifungal compounds that act by inhibiting: 
 Options:  <0> The synthesis of ergosterol. <1> The synthesis of the cell wall. <2> The synthesis of DNA. <3> The synthesis of proteins. <4> The formation of microtubules.
Output: pharmacology
Question: A 35-year-old woman consulted for the appearance of maculo-papular lesions in the upper limbs without other symptoms. The biopsy of one of them demonstrates the presence of noncaseating granulomas. Blood tests are normal except for an elevation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels. On chest radiography, bilateral hilar adenopathies are detected. Which of the following considers the most appropriate attitude? 
 Options:  <0> Start treatment with corticosteroids orally. <1> Start treatment with oral hydroxychloroquine. <2> Start treatment with azathioprine orally. <3> Start treatment with leflunomide orally. <4> Continue study without starting treatment.
Output: medicine
Question: Becker muscular dystrophy is an alteration of: 
 Options:  <0> The skeletal muscle. <1> The metabolism of lipids. <2> The bones. <3> Hepatic origin. <4> The bilirubin.
Output: pharmacology
Question: In the receptor-mediated endocytosis intervenes: 
 Options:  <0> Only the clathrin. <1> Only the adaptin. <2> Adaptine and clathrin. <3> Chaperones <4> Only the proteins of the membrane.
Output: biology
Question: In relation to pulmonary surfactant, indicate the correct answer: 
 Options:  <0> It contains enzymes necessary for gas exchange. <1> It helps to eliminate harmful elements in the alveoli. <2> It is secreted by type 1 pneumonites. <3> Decreases alveolar surface tension. <4> It is only synthesized in emergency situations.
Output: nursery
Question: Indicate which of the following deficits leads to a porphyria: 
 Options:  <0> Phenylalanine hydroxylase. <1> 21 α-hydroxylase. <2> Ferrochelatase <3> Glucokinase. <4> Tyrosine hydroxylase.
Output: pharmacology
Question: A 1-year-old boy, who did not pass the tests of auditory screening at birth and who has auditory brainstem evoked potentials that determine bilateral mild-moderate hearing loss in the right ear and moderate-severe hearing loss in the left ear. What is the most correct attitude to follow at the present time? 
 Options:  <0> Perform an audiometry within 6 months to confirm the diagnosis. <1> Surgery to adapt a cochlear implant in the right ear. <2> Wait until 3 years to check if you develop the language. <3> Adaptation of bilateral hearing prosthesis and logopedic rehabilitation. <4> Surgery to adapt a cochlear implant in the left ear.
Output: medicine
Question: Point out the correct definition: 
 Options:  <0> The Necessary Number to Treat (NNT) is the inverse of the Relative Risk (RR). <1> The Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) can clearly differentiate the big risks and benefits of the small ones. <2> The Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) is a measure of the therapeutic effort that clinicians and patients must make to avoid negative results of their illnesses. <3> The Number Necessary to Damage (NND) is calculated by dividing the unit by the Number Needed to Treat (NNT). <4> The Absolute Risk Reduction (RRA) is calculated by the absolute difference of the episode rate in the control group minus the episode rate in the intervention group.
Output: medicine