Context: The Schichau-Werke was a German engineering works and shipyard based in Elbing, Germany (now Elblg, Poland) on the Frisches Haff (Vistula Lagoon) of then-East Prussia. It also had a subsidiary shipyard in nearby Danzig (now: Gdask, Poland). Due to the Soviet conquest of eastern Germany, Schichau moved to Bremerhaven in March 1945, and its successors continued in business until 2009. 
Early years.
Ferdinand Schichau had studied engineering in Berlin, the Rheinland and Great Britain. In 1837, he founded the engineering institution, later known as F. Schichau GmbH, Maschinen- und Lokomotivfabrik (F. Schichau engineering and locomotive factory) in Elbing. It started with the production of hydraulic presses and diggers; in 1860, it began to produce locomotives for the Prussian Eastern Railway. From 1867 locomotive construction began in earnest, and three years later, the factory was connected to the railway network. In the early 20th century, the firm was one of several that built the Prussian P 8, the most numerous steam locomotive of its day., Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara., World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the world's nationsincluding all of the great powerseventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 11 million people were killed) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres (in which approximately one million were killed, and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history., World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved., The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), also called the Russian Commonwealth (to distinguish it from the British Commonwealth of Nations), is a regional organization formed during the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Nine out of the 15 former Soviet Republics are member states, and two are associate members (Ukraine and Turkmenistan). Georgia withdrew its membership in 2008, while the Baltic states (Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia) refused to participate., Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany as well as one of its constituent 16 states. With a population of approximately 3.5 million people, Berlin is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany on the banks of rivers Spree and Havel, it is the centre of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has about 6 million residents from more than 180 nations. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes., Elblg is a city in northern Poland on the eastern edge of the uawy region with 124,257 inhabitants (December 31, 2011). It is the capital of Elblg County and has been assigned (since 1999) to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Previously it was the capital of Elblg Voivodeship (19751998) and a county seat within Gdask Voivodeship (19451975)., The Soviet Navy (literally "Military Maritime Fleet of the USSR") was the naval arm of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy was a large part of the Soviet Union's strategic plan in the event of a conflict with the United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), or another conflict related to the Warsaw Pact. The influence of the Soviet Navy played a large role in the Cold War, as the majority of conflicts centered on naval forces., Great Britain, also known as Britain , is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , Great Britain is the largest European island and the ninth-largest in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people, making it the world's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, comprise the British Isles archipelago., The 15 cm SK L/45 was a German naval gun used in World War I and World War II., Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines consisting largely of trenches, in which troops are significantly protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery. The most famous use of trench warfare is the Western Front in World War I. It has become a byword for stalemate, attrition, sieges and futility in conflict., East Prussia (; ) was a province of Prussia from 17731829 and from 18781945. Its capital city was Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad). East Prussia was the main part of the region of Prussia along the southeastern Baltic Coast., Gdask (German: ) is a Polish city on the Baltic coast. It is the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland's principal seaport and is also the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area., Bremerhaven (literally "Bremen's harbour", Low German: "Bremerhoben") is a city at the seaport of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. It forms an enclave in the state of Lower Saxony and is located at the mouth of the River Weser on its eastern bank, opposite the town of Nordenham. Though a relatively new city, it has a long history as a trade port and today is one of the most important German ports, playing a crucial role in Germany's trade., The Russian Navy (lit. "Military-Maritime Fleet of the Russian Federation") is the naval arm of the Russian Armed Forces. The present Russian Navy was formed in January 1992, succeeding the Navy of the Commonwealth of Independent States, which had itself succeeded the Soviet Navy following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991., The Pillau class of light cruisers was a pair of ships built in Germany just before the start of World War I. The class consisted of SMS Pillau and Elbing . The ships were initially ordered for the Russian Navy in 1912 , and were built by the Schichau - Werke shipyard in Danzig . After the outbreak of World War I , however , the German Kaiserliche Marine ( Imperial Navy ) confiscated the ships before they were completed . The ships were similar in design to other German light cruisers , although they lacked an armored belt . They were the first German light cruisers to be equipped with 15 cm SK L / 45 guns , of which they carried eight . The two ships had a top speed of 27.5 knots ( 50.9 km / h ; 31.6 mph ) . Pillau and Elbing saw extensive service with the German High Seas Fleet . Pillau participated in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga in August 1915 , and Elbing took part in the bombardment of Yarmouth and Lowestoft in April 1916 . The following month , both ships were heavily engaged in the Battle of Jutland on 31 May -- 1 June ; there , Elbing scored the first hit of either side in the battle . Elbing was accidentally rammed and immobilized by the German battleship SMS Posen in the confused night fighting , and her crew were ultimately forced to scuttle her . Pillau continued to serve with the fleet until the end of the war . After the German defeat , she was ceded to Italy as a war prize and renamed Bari . She served in the Regia Marina ( Royal Navy ) until June 1943 , when she was sunk in Livorno by USAAF bombers , and eventually broken up for scrap in 1948 ., In general, a civilian is "a person who is not a member of the military or of a police or firefighting force", as defined by Merriam Webster's Dictionary. From the perspective of the U.S. Department of Defense, Chapter 18 of Title 10 United States Code refers to non-military law enforcement officers as civilians since they are employees rather than enlisted personnel, and also in order to distinguish itself from military police. In military and law enforcement slang, the term "Civies" or "Civvies" are often used to refer civilian population or civilian clothing., The Prussian Eastern Railway was the railway in the eastern Kingdom of Prussia until 1918. Its main route, approximately long, connected the capital, Berlin with the cities of Danzig (Gdask) and Königsberg (Kaliningrad). At Eydtkuhnen (Chernyshevskoye) it reached the German Empire's border with the Russian Empire. The first part of the line opened in 1851, reaching Eydtkuhnen in 1860. By March 1880 the total route length reached , with a main parallel route in the south via Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) and Thorn (Toru) to Insterburg (Chernyakhovsk). The lines were the first part of the later Prussian State Railways., Subject: pillau-class cruiser, Relation: country, Options: (A) atlantic ocean (B) estonia (C) georgia (D) german empire (E) germany (F) ireland (G) kingdom of prussia (H) poland (I) prussia (J) russia (K) soviet union (L) turkmenistan (M) ukraine (N) united states (O) world
Output: german empire