Context: The Holy Land (Hebrew: , ; Arabic: ) is an area roughly located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea that also includes the Eastern Bank of the Jordan River. Traditionally, it is synonymous with both the biblical Land of Israel and historical Palestine. The term usually refers to a territory roughly corresponding to the modern State of Israel, the Palestinian territories, western Jordan, and parts of southern Lebanon and southwestern Syria. It is considered holy by Jews, Christians, and Muslims., Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries., Yaghi-Siyan (died June 3, 1098) was the governor of Antioch during the First Crusade., The Siege of Antioch took place during the First Crusade in 1097 and 1098 . The first siege , by the crusaders against the Muslim - held city , lasted from 21 October 1097 to 2 June 1098 . Antioch lay in a strategic location on the crusaders ' route to Palestine . Supplies , reinforcements and retreat could all be controlled by the city . Anticipating that it would be attacked , the Muslim governor of the city , Yaghi - Siyan , began stockpilling food and sending requests for help . The Byzantine walls surrounding the city presented a formidable obstacle to its capture , but the leaders of the crusade felt compelled to besiege Antioch anyway . The crusaders arrived outside the city on 21 October and began the siege . The garrison sortied unsuccessfully on 29 December . After stripping the surrounding area of food , the crusaders were forced to look farther afield for supplies , opening themselves to ambush and while searching for food on 31 December , a force of 20,000 crusaders encountered a relief force led by Duqaq of Damascus heading to Antioch and defeated the army . However , supplies dwindled and in early 1098 one in seven of the crusaders was dying from starvation and people began deserting in January . A second relief force , this time under the command of Ridwan of Aleppo , advanced towards Antioch , arriving on 9 February . Like the army of Duqaq before , it was defeated . Antioch was captured on 3 June , although the citadel remained in the hands of the Muslim defenders . Kerbogha began the second siege , against the crusaders who had occupied Antioch , which lasted from 7 June to 28 June 1098 . The second siege ended when the crusaders exited the city to engage Kerbogha 's army in battle and succeeded in defeating them . On seeing the Muslim army routed , the defenders remaining in the citadel surrendered ., Pope Urban II (  29 July 1099), born Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was Pope from 12 March 1088 to his death in 1099. He is best known for initiating the First Crusade (109699) and setting up the modern-day Roman Curia in the manner of a royal ecclesiastical court to help run the Church., Syria, officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (""), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus., Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: ), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Greece to the west; Bulgaria to the northwest; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The Aegean Sea is to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, which together form the Turkish Straits, divide Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia. Turkey's location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history., Antioch on the Orontes (also Syrian Antioch) was an ancient Greco-Roman city on the eastern side of the Orontes River. Its ruins lie near the modern city of Antakya, Turkey, and lends the modern city its name., The First Crusade (10951099) was the first of a number of crusades that attempted to capture the Holy Land, called by Pope Urban II in 1095. It started as a widespread pilgrimage in western Christendom and ended as a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe to regain the Holy Land taken in the Muslim conquests of the Levant (632661), ultimately resulting in the capture of Jerusalem in 1099. , The Orontes () or Asi ("") is a northward flowing river starting in Lebanon and flowing through Syria and Turkey before entering the Mediterranean Sea., Antakya ("Anky" from , "Aniokia" "Antiócheia"), is the seat of the Hatay Province in southern Turkey., The Levant (Arabic:  "") is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean. In its widest historical sense, the Levant included all of the eastern Mediterranean with its islands, that is, it included all of the countries along the Eastern Mediterranean shores, extending from Greece to Cyrenaica. The term "Levant" entered English in the late 15th century from French. It derives from the Italian "Levante", meaning "rising", implying the rising of the sun in the east. As such, it is broadly equivalent to the Arabic term "Mashriq", meaning "the land where the sun rises"., Jerusalem , is a city located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. One of the oldest cities in the world, Jerusalem was named as ""Urusalima"" on ancient Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets, probably meaning "City of Shalem" after a Canaanite deity, during the early Canaanite period (approximately 2400 BCE). During the Israelite period, significant construction activity in Jerusalem began in the 9th century BCE (Iron Age II), and in the 8th century the city developed into the religious and administrative center of the Kingdom of Judah. It is considered a holy city in the three major Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam., Subject: siege of antioch, Relation: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity, Options: (A) anatolia (B) antakya (C) antioch (D) armenia (E) best (F) center (G) châtillon (H) east (I) europe (J) georgia (K) greece (L) iraq (M) israel (N) jerusalem (O) jordan (P) lebanon (Q) nakhchivan (R) of (S) river (T) south (U) syria (V) turkey
Output: antakya