Context: In law, a merism is a figure of speech by which a single thing is referred to by a conventional phrase that enumerates several of its parts, "or" which lists several synonyms for the same thing., Pars pro toto, Latin for "a part (taken) for the whole", is a figure of speech where the name of a "portion" of an object, place, or concept represents its "entirety". It is distinct from a merism, which is a reference to a whole by an enumeration of parts; metonymy, where an object, place, or concept is called by something or some place associated with the object, place, or concept; or synecdoche, which can refer both to this and its inverse of the whole representing a part., Latin (Latin: ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets., The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th century BC or early 8th century BC It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, and was the first alphabetic script to have distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. It is the ancestor of the Latin and Cyrillic scripts. Apart from its use in writing the Greek language, in both its ancient and its modern forms, the Greek alphabet today also serves as a source of technical symbols and labels in many domains of mathematics, science and other fields., The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. There are about 445 living Indo-European languages, according to the estimate by "Ethnologue", with over two-thirds (313) of them belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch. The most widely spoken Indo-European languages by native speakers are Spanish, English, Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu), Portuguese, Bengali, Russian, Persian and Punjabi, each with over 100 million speakers. Today, 46% of the human population speaks an Indo-European language natively, by far the highest of any language family., A figure of speech or rhetorical figure is figurative language in the form of a single word or phrase. It can be a special repetition, arrangement or omission of words with literal meaning, or a phrase with a specialized meaning not based on the literal meaning of the words. Figures of speech often provide emphasis, freshness of expression, or clarity. However, clarity may also suffer from their use, as any figure of speech introduces an ambiguity between literal and figurative interpretation., A synecdoche (; from Greek , "synekdoche", . "simultaneous understanding") is a figure of speech in which a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something or vice versa. A synecdoche is a class of metonymy, often by means of either mentioning a part for the whole or conversely the whole for one of its parts. Examples from common English expressions include "bread and butter" (for "livelihood"), "suits" (for "businesspeople"), and "boots" (for "soldiers") (Pars pro toto), or conversely "America" (for "the United States of America") (Totum pro parte). , The classical Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is a writing system originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. The Latin alphabet evolved from the visually similar Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet, which was itself descended from the Phoenician abjad, which in turn was derived from Egyptian hieroglyphics. The Etruscans who ruled early Rome adopted the Cumaean Greek alphabet which was modified over time to become the Etruscan alphabet, which was in turn adopted and further modified by the Romans to produce the Latin alphabet., A classical language is a language with a literature that is "classical". According to UC Berkeley linguist George L. Hart, "it should be ancient, it should be an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, not as an offshoot of another tradition, and it must have a large and extremely rich body of ancient literature.", Totum pro parte is Latin for `` the whole for a part '' ; it refers to a kind of synecdoche . When used in a context of language it means that something is named after something of which it is only a part ( or only a limited characteristic , in itself not necessarily representative for the whole ) . A pars pro toto ( in which a part is used to describe the whole ) is the opposite of a totum pro parte ., Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is called not by its own name but rather by a metonym, the name of something associated in meaning with that thing or concept. The words "metonymy" and "metonym" come from the , , "a change of name", from , , "after, beyond" and , , a suffix used to name figures of speech, from , or , , "name"., Subject: totum pro parte, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) alphabet (B) bengali (C) branch (D) butter (E) change (F) class (G) enumeration (H) human (I) hundred (J) language (K) language family (L) law (M) limited (N) literature (O) metonymy (P) name (Q) object (R) part (S) phrase (T) population (U) reference (V) representative (W) script (X) speech (Y) term (Z) tradition ([) understanding (\) writing (]) writing system
Output: phrase