Context: The Gediminids (, , ) were a dynasty of monarchs in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that reigned from the 14th to the 16th century. One branch of this dynasty, known as the Jagiellons, reigned also in the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia. Several other branches ranked among the leading aristocratic dynasties of Russia and Poland into recent times., The Battle of the Vorskla River was a great battle in the medieval history of Eastern Europe. It was fought on August 12, 1399, between the Tatars, under Edigu and Temur Qutlugh, and the armies of Tokhtamysh and Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania. The battle ended in a decisive Tatar victory., Maria of Vitebsk (died before 1349) was the first wife of Algirdas, future Grand Duke of Lithuania (marriage took place around 1318). Very little is known about her life. The only child of a Russian prince Yaroslav, Maria was the only heir to the Principality of Vitebsk. After her father's death ca. 1345, Vitebsk fell permanently under control of Algirdas and other Gediminids. Maria gave birth to five sons, all of whom grew up while Algirdas was still only a regional duke in Slavic lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. All five sons were baptized in Orthodox rite and ruled Russian lands giving rise to prominent clans of Russian dukes (Trubetskoy family from Demetrius I Starshy, Czartoryski family from Constantine, Sanguszko family from Fiodor, Belsky and Olelkovich families from Valdimir). After Maria's death, Algirdas married another Russian princess, Uliana of Tver. After Algirdas' death, eldest sons of Maria and Uliana battled over succession rights., Tokhtamysh (tat. Tuqtam) or Tokhtamsh (died 1406) was the prominent khan of the Blue Horde, who briefly unified the White Horde and Blue Horde subdivisions of the Golden Horde into a single state. He was a descendant of Genghis Khan's grandson, Tuqa-Timur., Dmitry I Starshy or Dmitry of Bryansk ( Lithuanian : Dmitrijus Algirdaitis , died on 12 August 1399 in the Battle of the Vorskla River ) was the second eldest son of Algirdas , Grand Duke of Lithuania , and his first wife Maria of Vitebsk . He was Duke of Bryansk from 1356 to 1379 and from 1388 to 1399 . In 1356 Algirdas took region of Bryansk , which included Trubetsk and Starodub , from Principality of Smolensk and granted to his son Dmitry to govern it . The territory was in far north east from the heartlands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and bordered the Grand Duchy of Moscow . In 1370 Dmitri Donskoi , Grand Duke of Moscow , unsuccessfully attempted to conquer the territory . In 1372 Dmitry witnessed Treaty of Lyubutsk between Algirdas and Dmitri Donskoi . After his father 's death in 1377 Dmitry supported his elder brother Andrei of Polotsk against their younger half - brother Jogaila , who became the Grand Duke of Lithuania . Andrei , believing that he is the rightful heir to the throne , organized an anti-Lithuanian coalition , which included Polotsk , Pskov , Livonian Order , and Grand Duchy of Moscow . Dmitry took a more passive role in the coalition : he did not wage a direct war against Lithuania and did not defend his domain when it was attacked by Moscow 's army in 1379 . Dmitry and his family followed retreating Russian army into Moscow where Dmitri Donskoi granted him Pereslavl - Zalessky . In 1380 Dmitry led a Russian banner in the Battle of Kulikovo against the Golden Horde . Russian chronicles praise his and his brother 's tactical skills . After 1380 Dmitry is mentioned in written sources only twice . After his brother Andrei was captured by Skirgaila 's forces and imprisoned in Poland , Dmitry reconciled with Jogaila , now King of Poland , in 1388 . He returned to his former domain in Bryansk . Dmitry died in 1399 in the Battle of the Vorskla River against the Golden Horde . Dmitry 's son Micha Trubetsky is considered to be the ancestor of the Trubetskoy family ., Subject: demetrius i starshy, Relation: noble_family, Options: (A) gediminids (B) grandson
Output: gediminids