niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
The q ~ 6 system is a useful model for the recombination of other segmented double-stranded RNA viruses such as the Reoviridae.
Output: finding
review the main factors that shape these transmission heterogeneities and examine the interface with human health.
Output: purpose
replication , virion assembly and eventual egress of the NPEV from the infected cells.
Output: method
Further , this protein has also been proposed to be an efficient diagnostic tool and a candidate vaccine against the SARS-CoV.
Output: purpose
The independence of the SARS-CoV E enhancement effect on VLP production from its viral packaging capacity suggests a distinct SARS-CoV E role in virus assembly.
Output: finding
deubiquitylases ( DUBs ) was made by the development of activity-based probes ( ABPs ).
Output: background
The antiviral evaluation depicted that compounds 9 and 19 were active against Vesicular stomatitis virus ( VSV ) in HeLa cell cultures.
Output: finding
This review outlines the approaches to isolating and studying human antiviral mAbs and discusses the common principles underlying the basis for their activity.
Output: purpose
Thus , the aim of this study was to evaluate fecal S100A12 concentrations in a cohort of puppies with intestinal parasites ( Cystoisospora spp. , Toxocara canis , Giardia sp. ) and viral agents that are frequently encountered and known to cause gastrointestinal signs in dogs ( coronavirus , parvovirus ) as a comparative model.
Output: purpose
with the effect of travel restriction adopted by Wuhan on 2019-nCoV infection in Beijing being almost equivalent to increasing quarantine by a 100 thousand baseline value.
Output: finding
biopolitics and governmentality , this article shows how Chirac 's attempt to produce self-regulating and responsible dog owners through education failed to persuade them to overcome their disgust at their pets ' excrement.
Output: purpose
PBs and SGs are able to release mRNAs thus allowing their translation.
Output: background
Here we develop a mathematical model to aid public health authorities in tracking the expansion and contraction of outbreaks with explicit representation of factors ( other than population immunity ) that may slow epidemic growth.
Output: background
We provide the first empirical evidence for the role of airline travel in long-range dissemination of influenza.
Output: purpose
HLIUs identified sustainability challenges and reported the highly infectious diseases they would treat.
Output: finding
but not large neurons , with the UR strain also infecting epithelial cells.
Output: finding
Six topics were addressed in detail by speakers and workshop participants and are reported in a series of six reports.
Output: background
This review presents some of the latest experimental designs for infectious disease challenges with BTV or SBV.
Output: purpose
Here we present a nuclear role for TRIM25 in specifically restricting influenza A virus replication.
Output: purpose
In the present study , we investigated the whole genomic sequence of a SARS-like bat CoV ( 16BO133 ) and found it to be 29,075 nt in length with a 40.9 % G+C content.
Output: method
which developed the epidemic more recently.
Output: method
as was seen in the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic.
Output: background
Moreover , pre-exposure to the wild-type VTT via intranasal or intraoral route impaired the Nab response via the same routes of MVTT-S vaccination probably due to the pre-existing anti-VTT Nab response.
Output: finding
SARS-CoV-2 emerged by the end of 2019 to rapidly spread in 2020.
Output: background
The purpose of this study was to isolate BCV strains from feces derived from CD and WD in human rectal tumor ( HRT-18 ) cells and to compare the antigenic and biological properties of these strains.
Output: purpose
Background : Improving accuracy and efficiency of computational methods that predict pseudoknotted RNA secondary structures is an ongoing challenge.
Output: background
geometric mean ratios ( GMRs ) and seroconversion rates were also all statistically higher in the VLP groups compared to placebo for both post-baseline time points.
Output: finding
Mitochondria elongation promotes DENV replication and alleviates RIG-I-dependent activation of interferon responses.
Output: finding
which varied between different times ( 2014 and 2015 ) and places.
Output: finding
The characteristics of human respiratory activities have also been investigated using some familiar engineering techniques.
Output: background
a known translational inhibitor , induces ribosomal RNA ( rRNA ) cleavage.
Output: background
In this Review , we take a multidisciplinary and holistic perspective and review the multiple aspects of school closure as a public health policy.
Output: purpose
beliefs , and practices of respiratory protection.
Output: method
In a reverse reaction it synthesizes A-rich RNA tails.
Output: background
Sera were collected at days 46 ( b ) and 74 ( c ) and pooled for each group for nAb against the 10 types in the vacccine.
Output: method
Plant-derived oral vaccines are potentially useful in combating viral infections involving mucosal immunity.
Output: background
the virus could also possibly be transmitted by aerosol contact with conjunctiva and cause infection II ( 7 ).
Output: background
Secondly , it compares the subjective perceptions of those nurses to those held by nurses who worked through historical epidemics of unknown or contested epidemiology.
Output: purpose
which could bind the HR1 or HR2 region of fusion protein , respectively.
Output: method
( A ) In-hospital mortality rates of ARDS over the study period 1997-2011 ; ( B ) Age-specific in-hospital mortality rates of ARDS.
Output: finding
The periostin concentration of IS supernatants was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Output: method
inhibits its fusion with the virus.
Output: background
human metapneumovirus , and other respiratory viruses.
Output: method
IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies to mediate HIV-1 infectious virion internalization.
Output: method
replication , and recombination in organisms.
Output: background
single-round infectious particles ( SRIPs ) of the ZIKV Natal RGN strain using reverse genetic and synthetic biology techniques.
Output: method
The improved model is used to detect the bubble and crash periods in five international countries/cities ( namely ,.
Output: method
Therefore this approach differentiates individuals who visit the same indoor environment at different times.
Output: method
From these , FHTVTVNTL and IELAGTLTL peptides were shown to have 100 % conservancy.
Output: finding
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus ( TGEV ) is an economically significant coronavirus that can cause severe diarrhea in pigs.
Output: background
Cells devoid of heparan sulfate were not able to mediate henipavirus trans-infection and showed reduced permissivity to infection.
Output: finding
However , the virus could mutate to have increased interhuman transmissibility , increasing its pandemic potential.
Output: finding
Limiting the number of contacts and hospital visits are also important factors to decrease the spread of infection.
Output: finding
and demonstrate use of the pipeline in the analysis of 237 clinical samples comprising more than 1.1 billion sequences.
Output: purpose
Cytokines levels were measured in sera using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 61 ( ELISA ).
Output: method
samples positive for picornaviruses were further characterized by sequence analysis.
Output: method
including a superantigen response , direct invasion by an infectious etiology or an autoimmune phenomenon.
Output: background
leaving the vast majority of people with no effective means of prevention or treatment.
Output: background
Scientists have identified different components of banaba to be responsible for its activity.
Output: background
Korea 's reputation regarding infectious disease response had been tarnished by systematic problems and the absence of disaster management and communication capacity.
Output: background
and temperature ( typically room temperature ).
Output: finding
The form is designed to be completed electronically and stored electronically.
Output: method
Herein , we show that ligand activation of PPARA directly upregulates the long non-coding RNA gene Gm15441 through binding sites within its promoter.
Output: background
Evaluation of the assay with collected human samples showed no significant difference in mean optical density values of immunofluorescence-classified HCoV-NL63-positive and HCoV-NL63-negative samples ( F ( 1 , 215 ) = 0.437 , p = 0.509 ).
Output: finding
We emphasize on the virus-human host interplay and highlight existing knowledge gaps that needs further studies.
Output: method
exerted any effects on IFN-induced antiviral responses.
Output: purpose
FIGURE 4.
Output: finding
In RNA viruses , an observed correlation between mutation rate and virulence has led many to argue that their extremely high mutation rates are advantageous because they may allow for increased adaptability.
Output: background
DCL formation can be performed in the presence ( adaptive ) or in the absence ( pre-equilibrated ) of the protein target.
Output: background
We describe recent advances and discuss future directions in reagent development for studying DUBs.
Output: purpose
The physiological and pharmacological role of nucleic acids structures folded into the non canonical Gquadruplex conformation have recently emerged.
Output: background
> 21 years of age.
Output: method
The approach of this timely review considers the current literature that is focused on the interface nanostructure/cell-wall microorganism to understand the annihilation mechanism.
Output: background
In the current study , we explored whether the ORF4a protein of HCoV-229E has similar functions.
Output: purpose
Introduction of the N - ( 4-phenoxyphenyl ) acetamide side chain at N 3 increased their potency and widened activity spectrum.
Output: finding
This review summarizes progress and challenges in the repurposing of approved drugs as host-targeted broad-spectrum agents for the treatment of intracellular pathogens.
Output: purpose
Further studies showed that GW3965 exerted its inhibitory effects on virus entry and replication.
Output: finding
We pooled data using random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence of specific mental health problems.
Output: method
The predominant mechanism for rotavirus inhibition of the IFN response is likely both rotavirus strain-specifi c and cell type-specifi c.
Output: background
Objectives To investigate the occurrence of respiratory pathogens in samples from children with and without respiratory symptoms and to identify whether age and / or coinfections modify the impact of respiratory pathogens on symptoms.
Output: purpose
We compared quantitative parameters with the qualitative evaluation of ciliary beat pattern in patients in whom the diagnosis of PCD was confirmed or excluded.
Output: purpose
prognosis and therapeutic monitoring of diseases continues in earnest despite dwindling success at finding novel reliable markers.
Output: background
The method is used to examine the similarity of different sequences by calculating the distances between them.
Output: method
Induced sputum of participants was processed and tested for thirteen viruses and bacteria.
Output: method
Electrical parameters were recorded.
Output: method
However , there are many unknowns about its epidemiology.
Output: background
and its potential for growth as globalization expands.
Output: purpose
The topological and electrostatic differences between the two protease binding sites also help explain the selectivity of non-covalent PLpro inhibitors.
Output: finding
Sensitivity of the two transmission pathways were compared with respect to the epidemic growth rate.
Output: method
The GFP tag enables a relatively quick confirmation of antigen expression in plant cells by fluorescent microscopy.
Output: finding
Mortality within 30 days after the date of admission was calculated and risk factors were identified using logistic regression models.
Output: method
This study investigated risk factors for the development of wheezing during viral LRTIs requiring hospitalization.
Output: purpose
and CA3 and CA1 pyramidal cells were examined for spine density and morphology.
Output: method
IM2 and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 ).
Output: purpose
We describe four members of a family with autosomal dominant inheritance of a similar phenotype.
Output: purpose
Aminoacylated tRNAs were purified by reversed-phase HPLC on an RP-18 HPLC column ( 250 mm × 10.5 mm , Merck ) equilibrated with buffer ( 20 mM ammonium acetate , pH 5.0 , 10 mM magnesium acetate , 400 mM NaCl ) using a gradient of 0 % -15 % ) ethanol.
Output: method
at the N-terminus of AP3 form a hook-like structure to stabilize interaction between AP3 and NHR helices.
Output: finding
but have not achieved widespread acceptance for use in humans due to their low immunogenicity in early clinical studies.
Output: background
29 Background : Our understanding of the corona virus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) continues to 30 evolve.
Output: background
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus ( TGEV ) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ( PEDV ) are major etiological agents of diarrhea and death in piglets.
Output: background
we discuss the conservation of CNPase in various organisms.
Output: finding
and the role global change could have played in these variations.
Output: purpose
using a simple statistical model.
Output: purpose
Purpose : Ebola virus ( EBOV ) is such kind of virus which is responsible for 23,825 cases and 9675 deaths worldwide only in 2014 and with an average diseases fatality rate between 25 % and 90 %.
Output: purpose
This study aims to assess the possible role of some major domestic livestock species as intermediate hosts of HCoV-NL63.
Output: purpose
The aim of this study was to elucidate the mbrABCD-related bacitracin resistance mechanism of S. mutans.
Output: purpose
occupant density , and ventilation rate.
Output: method
Background : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ( MERS ) is a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus that was identified in 2012 in Saudi Arabia.
Output: background
this domain is proposed to have nucleotidylation activity.
Output: background
This chapter describes the use of an immunoprecipitation approach with Fc-tagged viral spike proteins followed by mass spectrometry to identify and characterize the receptor for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
Output: purpose
mental health , and dementia-attract little attention in the public health curriculum and even less from the funding community.
Output: background
whereas pre-treatment of target cells had no effect.
Output: finding
while a recent developed multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach was used to address the effects of inhomogeneous temperature and humidity fields on droplet evaporation.
Output: method
In this study , we built a predictive model based on the cumulative trend of new cases and deaths for the top five provinces.
Output: purpose
Fecal ( n = 28 ) and nasal ( n = 8 ) samples from diarrheic calves were tested for the presence of BCoV by both the PanCoV-RT-PCR and a specific BCoV-RT-PCR assays.
Output: method
( ii ) 600 sera received before April 2009 and randomly selected from in-patients were tested by a standard hemagglutination inhibition assay for antibody to the novel H1N1sw virus.
Output: method
The findings of epidemiological and virological studies prompted us to hypothesize that the human gastrointestinal tract could serve as an alternative route to acquire MERS-CoV infection.
Output: purpose
Animals : Twenty-four client-owned cats with histopathologic confirmation of neurologic FIP.
Output: purpose
Aliquots of centrifuged and filtered stools were added to the mucosal or serosal side of human jejunum obtained from patients undergoing surgery and mounted in Ussing chambers.
Output: method
crowding , and patients remaining in the emergency department for many days.
Output: background
In this study , we propose a novel numerical vector based on only primary sequences of organism to build their phylogeny.
Output: purpose
Monoclonal antibodies ( mAb ) with specificities for leukocyte subsets and major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) antigens were used to characterize IFNa producer cells.
Output: method
A lack of CCAAT box was observed in both bats.
Output: finding
TNF-α and IL-10 for their associations with SARS.
Output: method
These problems are compounded by a global nursing shortage.
Output: finding
Comparisons were made between patients who tested positive for the virus ( cases ) and those testing negative ( controls ).
Output: method
By using this workflow , we purified ten targeted proteins from the sera of patients with various types of advanced stage ( stage III-IV ) cancers.
Output: method
Advances in Next-Generation Sequencing ( NGS ) technologies and rapid development of bioinformatics and computational tools offer new opportunities for EID surveillance in quality and in scale.
Output: background
An exposure to bats was defined as a bite or scratch from a bat or circumstances such as direct skin contact with a bat , bat urine or guano.
Output: method
and 409 ( 24 % ) with viruses only.
Output: finding
consisting of 133 CAI and 76 HAI dogs , were studied.
Output: method
the findings strongly suggest that there is a causal relationship between allergen exposure in the home and asthma.
Output: background
MERS-CoV and HCoV-OC43 ( Table 1 ).
Output: background
vaccination of chicks with imported vaccines fails to protect them from IBV infections in Taiwan.
Output: background
some of which have serious and even lethal consequences.
Output: background
Importantly , inoculation of 2-day-old suckling mice with a plasmid expressing sIFITM3 conferred protection against lethal challenge with FMDV.
Output: finding
incorporating internal and external factors concerning the present evaluation methods.
Output: method
new potential COVID-19 therapies are briefly reviewed.
Output: purpose
The innate immune response provides the first line of defense against viruses and other pathogens by responding to specific microbial molecules.
Output: background
The paper also describes components of 2-1-1 cost-benefıt analyses.
Output: purpose
Hantaviruses ( HVs ) are rodent-transmitted viruses that can cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome ( HCPS ) in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome ( HFRS ) in Eurasia.
Output: background
The policy of voluntary reporting abortion outbreaks to the Animal Health Service hindered the timely detection of the circulation of Q fever , and therefore early interventions.
Output: background
However , the role of B cells and antibodies in KD pathogenesis remains unclear.
Output: background
the imperfect PSD switched rapidly to the upright position where the Ag + ions intercalated between C-C mismatches of dsDNAs at the top of each structure brought further from the electrode surface resulting in a significant electrochemical signal drop of the Ag + ions.
Output: finding
Using identical doses , MVTT-S induced lower levels ( ,2-3-fold ) of anti-SARS-CoV neutralizing antibodies ( Nabs ) than MVA-S through intramuscular inoculation.
Output: finding
The application of the immunoperoxidase ( IP ) plaque staining procedure ( IP test ) to the diagnosis of canine coronavirus ( CCV ) infection was investigated.
Output: background
However , addition of surrounding sequences in Domain III abolished the speckle formation for TGEV nsp15 but not for MHV and SARS-CoV nsp15s.
Output: finding
Background : Communicable disease outbreaks of novel or existing pathogens threaten human health around the globe.
Output: background
the IFN-I receptor and/or Ly49H.
Output: purpose
and the association of radiologic findings with mortality of patients was evaluated.
Output: method
This can be regarded as part of the recovery phase of disaster management.
Output: background
with 255 ( 66 · 9 % ) of 381 positive cases in this age group.
Output: finding
In this study we identified the receptorbinding domain ( RBD ) of the spike of the prototype IBV strain M41.
Output: purpose
Molecular diagnostic testing was performed on nasal washes for common respiratory viruses and pathogenic bacteria.
Output: method
and an archaea-specific subunit annotated as DnaG.
Output: background
We will further shed light on how the combination of viral vector-based vaccination with T-cell supporting strategies will bring this strategy to the next level.
Output: purpose
Compounds 5 , 12 , 14 and 22 also showed comparable MIC to karanjin.
Output: finding
Understanding and improving nurses ' working conditions can potentially decrease the incidence of many infectious diseases.
Output: finding
or a combination of both.
Output: finding
while suggesting its ability to prevent Herpes and Dengue infections.
Output: finding
and APACHE II scores were observed between the two groups at admission to the Intensive Care Unit.
Output: finding
Four major protein species were resolved by electrophoresis and many of their properties were deduced from digestion studies using proteolytic enzymes.
Output: method
Exposure to MERS-CoV via direct contact with animals or dairy products seems unlikely for the two Dutch cases.
Output: finding
Purpose Antigens were conjugated on the surface of Ntrimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan ( TMC ) nanoparticles to induce systemic and mucosal immune responses after nasal immunization.
Output: purpose
programs and web servers and their applications are reviewed in this paper.
Output: purpose
which were observed at the level of the protein and/or mRNA.
Output: finding
so as to explore the effective mode of clinical psychological intervention in acute patients under isolation environment.
Output: purpose
Therefore , HMBS and HPRT1 are recommended as the two most stable reference genes for the normalization of gene expression data at different stages of eggshell formation in brown-egg laying hens.
Output: finding
An international collaborative effort through the World Health Organization ( WHO ) has helped to identify the aetiological agent about 1 month after the onset of the epidemic.
Output: background
Here , we review recent progress in understanding the contributions of LN stromal cells to immune senescence.
Output: purpose
it had enhanced replication and pathogenesis in mice.
Output: finding
RSV F or EBV gp350 protein was secreted from infected cells.
Output: method
Here we show that ؊ 1 PRF occurs at a similar site during translation of the TMEV genome.
Output: finding
serum samples collected from patients during an outbreak of HCoV-OC43 infection and previously identified as positive by HCoV-OC43 whole N ELISA were screened resulting in 100 % diagnosis agreement between the testing methods.
Output: finding
clinical upper respiratory tract infection ( URTI ) in university students.
Output: purpose
In this paper we describe the first real-time syndromic surveillance system that conducts integrated spatio-temporal analysis of data from a national network of veterinary premises for the early detection of disease outbreaks in small animals.
Output: purpose
glucosamine , and orthophosphate to analyze virion structural proteins.
Output: background
Invasive wildlife species have the potential to act as additional host and vector species for infectious diseases.
Output: background
Older age-groups perceived the risk for coronavirus infection as lower ( all adjusted Odd Ratio 's ( aOR ) ≤ .058 ).
Output: finding
initiated by the binding of the spike protein to the human ACE2.
Output: background
outbreak investigation , and the diagnosis of infectious diseases.
Output: background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibodies against Stx2 obtained from egg yolks of laying hens immunized with a recombinant Stx2B subunit.
Output: purpose
antitumor and antibiotic activities using a data set of 1804 compounds from PubChem.
Output: method
but the signifi cance remains unclear.
Output: finding
each approved in the United States and many other countries for the prevention and treatment of influenza.
Output: finding
In the present work , peptide-lipid interactions of C8 with dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine liposomes are investigated using electron spin resonance spectroscopy of spin-labelled lipids.
Output: method
Further , studies on HSV1-infected APOE-transgenic mice have shown that APOE-e4 animals display a greater potential for viral damage.
Output: background
Expression vectors were constructed to allow cloning in all three reading frames.
Output: method
Morphological studies use optical and electronic microscopes to determine the physical damage on the cell-wall and the possible cell lysis that confirms the viability and microorganism death.
Output: background
As reporter genes , we used the IucZ gene and a number of genes encoding coronavirus structural proteins : among others the genes encoding glycoproteins with N-terminal signal sequences.
Output: method
respectively ( 27 ) ( 28 ).
Output: background
participants ' acceptance of a facemask to prevent influenza in the presence of an experimenter with flu-like symptoms was recorded.
Output: method
The present study investigated the expression of type I interferon ( IFN-I ) pathway members in CDV-induced cerebellar lesions to gain an insight into their role in lesion development.
Output: purpose
thereby exposing their axon terminals to factors circulating in the blood or released locally from invading trypanosomes or from macrophages or cytotoxic T-cells.
Output: finding
In this study an in vitro assay was optimized to detect feline proliferating lymphocytes as an assessment for the cell-mediated immune response.
Output: purpose
and other vaccines and antiviral drugs are under development.
Output: finding
a membraneassociated enzyme present at high levels in the tetrapod myelin sheath.
Output: method
using serological data , an association between systemic infections and cognitive decline , with HSV1 particularly implicated.
Output: finding
if any , is subsequently purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography ( IMAC ).
Output: method
followed by active immunization with HBsAg-HBsAb ( mYIC ) was evaluated.
Output: method
while animals with low titers of IgG1 ( < 1024 ) were mostly infected with BCoV.
Output: finding
and 13 for other respiratory viruses.
Output: method
many influenza A infections are afebrile.
Output: finding
In contrast , LYM % was lower than 20 % in severe cases.
Output: finding
Inverse correlations between promoter methylation and activity were described for the first time in this system and initiated active research in the field of DNA methylation and epigenetics.
Output: background
grubii that covers a considerable digit of the world population through implementing computational vaccinology approach.
Output: purpose
One of these structures was similar to the so-called antiviral stress granules ( avSGs ) formed by an infection with IFN-inducing viruses whose C proteins were knocked-out or mutated.
Output: finding
Usually , a cosolvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide ( DMSO ) is used to maintain products and building blocks in solution.
Output: background
which results in fusion inhibition.
Output: purpose
The students performed simulations of contaminated PPE removal with fluorescent lotion on gloves and were assessed for correct PPE technique and skin and/or clothing contamination.
Output: method
Treatment outcome according to tumor RAS mutation status in CRYSTAL study patients with metastatic colorectal cancer ( mCRC ) randomized to FOLFIRI with/without cetuximab.
Output: background
Quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect 1b gene of HCoV-NL63.
Output: method
and all experimental possibilities for a new vaccine development against a pathogen should be studied in detail.
Output: background
particularly in priming high-level antigenspecific antibody responses.
Output: background
whereas Type 2 energy transfer produces cytotoxic singlet oxygen.
Output: finding
or to kittens before introduction in a potentially contaminated environment.
Output: finding
This review examines the evidence regarding toilet plume bioaerosol generation and infectious disease transmission.
Output: purpose
In this systematic review we aimed to summarise current knowledge regarding patterns of human-livestock contacts and their role in micro-organism transmission.
Output: purpose
bacteria and atypical bacteria in a sample of Egyptian children presenting with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection.
Output: purpose
Results-Candidate pathogens were detected by MassTag PCR in 27 of the 44 ( 61 % ) specimens that previously were rated negative.
Output: finding
public health authorities require evidence on the effectiveness of control measures such as thermal screening of arrivals at airports.
Output: background
Here , we complete a two-part controllability analysis of two protein networks : a host network representing the healthy cell state and an influenza A virus-host network representing the infected cell state.
Output: method
outperforming them all by quickly providing solutions of higher average quality in all the experimental cases.
Output: finding
The obtained sequences were analyzed by using ChromasPro version 1.7.4 ( Technelysium Pty Ltd , Australia ).
Output: method
acidosis , impaired liver , and renal function at the time of admission exhibit more severe mortal progressions.
Output: finding
and to validate the herd-level estimates against subsequent BTM testing.
Output: purpose
compared with controls , suggesting that rFeIFN stimulates antibody production.
Output: finding
Two groups of five dogs were experimentally inoculated with 50 and 100 third stage infective larvae ( L 3 ) of A. vasorum per kilogram of body weight.
Output: method
A stable , full-length , infectious SHFV-LVR cDNA clone was constructed and a set of mutant infectious clones was generated each with the start codon of one of the minor structural proteins mutated.
Output: method
less is known about co-detections and the resultant comparative symptoms and illness burden.
Output: background
recognition of the vesicle by the target membrane and fusion of the vesicle with the target membrane resulting in delivery of its contents.
Output: background
as well as mentioned novel agents currently in development.
Output: purpose
To assess the impact of intensification of interferon administration and of the addition of amantadine on the efficacy and safety of standard anti-hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) treatment in HIV-infected patients.
Output: purpose
We concluded that the codon usage bias was weak and the translation selection was the main shaping factor in nuclear genes of these four cotton genomes and four subgenomes.
Output: finding
Autophagy is a key innate immune response to intracellular parasites that promotes their delivery to degradative lysosomes following detection in the cytosol or within damaged vacuoles.
Output: background
Methods : New York State hospitals with emergency departments having more than 1,000 visits annually were invited to participate ; 23 hospitals participated.
Output: method
We demonstrate statistically significant evidence for assortative contact patterns between animals of the same species.
Output: finding
while the expression on tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells was low.
Output: finding
This study explored the application of a combined visible and thermal image processing approach that uses a CMOS camera equipped with IRT to remotely sense multiple vital signs and screen patients with suspected infectious diseases.
Output: purpose
F4/80 + macrophages are present in perivascular infiltrates close to and in contact with HSV-infected cells in areas of massive myelin loss.
Output: finding
smart bandages and tissue engineering.
Output: background
Newcastle disease ( ND ) is a contagious disease that affects most species of birds.
Output: background
The data suggest that SAT05f could be developed as a candidate medicament for the treatment of TLR7/9 activation-associated diseases by inhibiting TLR7/9 signaling pathways.
Output: finding
complex and expensive flow cytometer.
Output: method
Objective : To compare the frequency of upper respiratory tract symptoms in individuals receiving E purpurea capsules and those receiving placebo to evaluate the preventive efficacy of echinacea.
Output: purpose
Patient Enablement Instrument ( PEI ) and an overall satisfaction rating scale.
Output: method
Another emerging technique is Fluorescence Activated Droplet Sorting ( FADS ) whereby selection does not rely on binding capture allowing evolution of a greater diversity of aptamer properties such as fluorescence or enzymatic activity.
Output: background
New World ( NW ) hemorrhagic fever arenaviruses are rodent-borne agents that cause severe human disease.
Output: background
and studies in Asia are limited.
Output: background
Respiratory infectious diseases were the most significantly affected bio-functions in LBW newborns.
Output: finding
In humans , the mechanism that compensates MyD88 deficiency has not been elucidated.
Output: background
19 - , and 20-week-old fattening pigs.
Output: method
We have investigated the association between DC-SIGN genetic variants and risk of MTCT of HIV-1 among Zimbabwean infants and characterized the impact of the associated mutations on DC-SIGN expression and interaction with HIV-1.
Output: purpose
The severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) pandemic in Toronto resulted in a large number of autopsies on its victims.
Output: background
indicating that the two domains of CNPase form an elongated molecule.
Output: finding
leading to a variety of backbone topologies.
Output: background
An overview of different steps in recent drug discovery is presented to illuminate the links with the most recent advances in NMR methodology.
Output: purpose
Two scenarios have been studied.
Output: purpose
The major antibody isotype in external secretions is secretory immunoglobin A ( S-IgA ).
Output: background
bovine partetravirus and porcine partetravirus ( previously known as human parvovirus 4 , bovine hokovirus and porcine hokovirus respectively ).
Output: background
we will discuss these different properties of the N-protein in a consolidated manner.
Output: method
It may be conclude that infection by A. vasorum in dogs may cause a discrete anemia during the acute phase which is probably regenerative.
Output: finding
The necessary controls were included.
Output: method
Up to now , although few complete nucleotide sequences of PHEV have been reported , they are not annotated.
Output: background
Namely , the use of `` omic '' technologies ( next generation sequencing , DNA , and protein microarrays ) for dissecting the underlying host response to infection at the molecular level ; optical imaging techniques ( flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy ) for assessing cellular responses to infection ; and biophotonic imaging for visualising the infectious disease process.
Output: purpose
a Ubl-specific protease ( Ulp1 ) was used to cleave small ubiquitin-like modifier ( SUMO ) fusion proteins.
Output: purpose
2019 , and Jan 26 , 2020.
Output: method
The purpose of this investigation was to enhance our understanding of EV-D68 epidemiology and clinical features.
Output: purpose
as confirmed by an atomic force microscope and surface profiler.
Output: method
The objective of this study was to develop a symptom scoring system for use in clinical studies that differentiates children with cold symptoms who have an identifiable viral etiology for their upper respiratory tract infection ( URI ) from those in whom no virus is detected.
Output: purpose
precedent studies and other publications.
Output: purpose
Laboratory testing identified 70 infections ( 46.7 per 100 URTIs ).
Output: finding
Background : Infectious disease surveillance is a process the product of which reflects both actual disease trends and public awareness of the disease.
Output: background
while the CTD conservation correlates with the presence of exosome.
Output: finding
The present study investigates the association between the ABO and Rh ( D ) blood group status and WNV disease outcome.
Output: purpose
The cytoplasmic portion of the S glycoprotein contains four cysteine-rich amino acid clusters.
Output: background
A strategy to prevent transmission in ophthalmology outpatient clinics adopted in all public hospitals in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 outbreak should serve as templates for other ophthalmologic practices ( 8 ).
Output: background
and suggest that the Tat-Egr-1-p300-GFAP axis likely contributes to Tat neurotoxicity and predisposes astrocytes to be an HIV-1 sanctuary in the CNS.
Output: finding
the need for communication , information sharing and disclosure and onsite response were identified as key factors influencing effective infectious disease response.
Output: finding
the biological activities , toxicology and phytochemistry of Lonicera japonica.
Output: purpose
directional mutation and other factors.
Output: finding
233 ( 1996 ) 1 ) is examined.
Output: background
low-neurovirulence BeAn strain induced apoptosis in murine astrocytes.
Output: purpose
after 24-48 h of incubation at 35ЊC.
Output: finding
China , respiratory manifestations of the disease have been observed.
Output: background
We adapted an existing national-scale metapopulation model to capture the spread of CoVID-19 in England and Wales.
Output: purpose
expressed in bacteria to produce Fab fragments and sequenced.
Output: method
These results indicate that pAPN may be a functional receptor for PDCoV infection.
Output: finding
However , it remains unclear at what time the critical exposure occurs ( ie , in infancy or later ) and what role allergen exposure has played in the increasing prevalence and severity of asthma.
Output: background
In fact , reported cases of MERS-CoV often stem from outbreaks within the Middle Eastern countries or recent travel to the region ( 18 , 19 ).
Output: background
pDCs are the major source of type I IFN ( IFN-I ) during MCMV infection.
Output: background
A Kappa coefficient test was used to assess the level of agreement of both assays.
Output: method
Recent trials suggest procalcitonin-based guidelines can reduce antibiotic use for respiratory infections.
Output: background
which is widely distributed throughout the world.
Output: background
For innate immunity , autophagy may assist in the delivery of viral nucleic acids to endosomal TLRs and also functions as a part of the TLR-or-PKR-downstream responses.
Output: background
In this study , we report the structures of different conformational states of the SARS-CoV S glycoprotein during virus entry.
Output: purpose
together with parameter estimates from the current outbreak in China.
Output: method
Ten calves were inoculated intranasally with BVDV Type 1.
Output: method
A better understanding of the pathogenesis of NDV will help us design efficient vaccines and novel anticancer strategies.
Output: purpose
in order to guide IPC in practice.
Output: background
In this report , we present the results of a targeted surveillance study in different bat species in Hong Kong.
Output: purpose
and we propose and discuss a new household-to-household reproduction number R H for it.
Output: purpose
The structure activity relationship revealed that the presence of electron withdrawing groups at para position of phenyl ring remarkably enhanced the antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds.
Output: finding
In this study , the possibility of transmission of BVDV from calves simultaneously subjected to acute BVDV and bovine coronavirus ( BCV ) infection was investigated.
Output: purpose
and could be used as an effective supplementary indicator.
Output: finding
Aim of the study is to determine neuroprotective effects of the musk of muskrat on focal cerebral ischemia.
Output: purpose
and others that are widely viewed as imminent.
Output: method
This chapter reports the applicability of ionic liquids in the formation of different types of multicomponent reactions.
Output: purpose
There were multiple instances of published articles during the height of the outbreak containing potentially misleading scientific language that spurred media overreaction and potentially jeopardized preparedness and policy decisions at critical points.
Output: background
Two naïve sentinel calves were commingled with the experimentally exposed group three weeks after exposure.
Output: method
the protein was overexpressed in E. coli and purified by Ni-NTA chromatography.
Output: method
In this Pearl , we focus on how direct and indirect interactions between viruses and bacteria impact viral biology and touch on recent findings that illustrate how bacterial biology can also be impacted by interactions with eukaryotic viruses ( Fig 1 ).
Output: finding
In subgroup analysis , we compared two groups ( with or without the use of the prediction rule ) after implementation period , using propensity score matching.
Output: method
international collaboration among scientists is essential to address these risks and prevent the next pandemic.
Output: purpose
Avian paramyxoviruses ( APMVs ) are frequently isolated from domestic and wild birds throughout the world and are separated into nine serotypes ( APMV-1 to -9 ).
Output: background
These results demonstrated that peptide Kn2-7 could inhibit HIV-1 by direct interaction with viral particle and may become a promising candidate compound for further development of microbicide against HIV-1.
Output: finding
The purpose of this study is to examine how cost-benefıt analyses were used during the rapid diffusion of 2-1-1 across states.
Output: purpose
In this study , we established a high-throughput screening ( HTS ) system based on CHIKV 26S mediated insect cell fusion inhibition assay.
Output: purpose
the discovery of which goes back 80 years to the time when penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming.
Output: purpose
Such a conclusion could be further verified by the results that the proteolytic activities of these mutants also decrease to varying degrees.
Output: finding
The purpose of this review is to summarize the achievements of using self-replicating RNA viruses for RNA therapy based on preclinical animal studies and clinical trials in humans.
Output: purpose
mortality and quality of life.
Output: background
indicating that this lncRNA plays a major role in attenuating inflammasome activation.
Output: finding
Physical examination revealed only mild respiratory distress.
Output: finding
Random contact is not considered in this model.
Output: method
Our study aimed to understand the tropism of MERS-like-CoVs in bats by mapping the distribution of DPP4 expression in tissues from four bat species.
Output: purpose
we examined 2-5AMD in human cells.
Output: method
accurate diagnosis and epidemiological control of the disease are now possible.
Output: background
It was found that the effects of EGFP-nsp15s on MHV replication were both virus species-and nsp15 domain-dependent.
Output: finding
- barrel fold ; HK97-like fold ; Double - barrel trimer Often the size of the virus is proportional to the size of the genome.
Output: background
responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) outbreak in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome ( MERS ) outbreak in 2015 had completely different outcomes.
Output: background
parameterised to the 2019-nCoV outbreak.
Output: method
However , many other factors contribute to wheezing such that there is no simple relationship between allergen exposure and asthma.
Output: finding
Here we describe the average family dog in the Western hemisphere owned by an average family without sufficient knowledge about potential hazards their pet might transmit to family members.
Output: background
is still viewed from a nationalist perspective as solely benefiting a nation 's economy and its economic and political influence.
Output: background
Thrombocytopenia became accentuated on the 72 dai.
Output: finding
We present an intuitive and clear visual design for tracking the citation history of a particular scientific fact over time.
Output: purpose
A similarity search using SARS M pro protease subpockets as queries retrieved ligands and ligand fragments accommodated in a physicochemical environment similar to that of the query.
Output: method
As such , data are urgently needed about risk factors associated with clinical outcomes.
Output: purpose
In this paper , an effective cloud computing architecture is proposed which predicts H1N1 infected patients and provides preventions to control infection rate.
Output: purpose
This Review discusses the diverse strategies that viruses use to subvert host protein synthesis functions and regulate mRNA translation in infected cells.
Output: purpose
Administration of these vaccines to animal model systems has shown promise for the generation of efficacious and safe vaccines.
Output: background
particularly in instances where data required to manage response is only available after disasters unfold.
Output: finding
but T lymphocytes , which may account for up to 80 % of the mucosal lymphoid cell population.
Output: background
but there is still significant growth potential.
Output: background
Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.
Output: method
Participants were followed over 4 weeks ( 7th May 2015 to 4th June 2015 ) for development of clinical respiratory illness ( CRI ).
Output: method
5 % carbon dioxide , and 1 ppm ozone for 96 hr.
Output: method
myocarditis , and thrombotic meningoencephalitis.
Output: background
In this review , we discuss the interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems in the skin as a model for immune function at epithelial-cell interfaces with the environment.
Output: purpose
we carried out competitive fitness experiments.
Output: finding
In this study , a solar-driven exhaust air thermoelectric heat pump recovery ( SDEATHP ) system is tested and evaluated for its ability to recover thermal energy from exhaust air to cool or heat fresh air.
Output: purpose
The charge transfer ( CT ) mechanism across the hybrid structure was simply clarified on the basis of the redox potential location of the species.
Output: finding
Diagnosis was made by specific laboratory tests according to the national technical guidelines.
Output: method
and a disease-free status will become more uncertain as time from testing elapses.
Output: background
In the current study we examined the molecular mechanisms underlying these observations in vitro and in vivo.
Output: purpose
morbidity , and cost , and they have been identified as such for > 40 years.
Output: background
The interaction with lipids of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the transmembrane domain of influenza hemagglutinin was investigated by means of electron spin resonance.
Output: method
In this study , high-throughput sequencing was used to explore differences in the intestinal microbiota between uninfected piglets and piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ( PEDV ).
Output: purpose
We conducted a prospective case-ascertained study on laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and their contacts.
Output: purpose
Our 45 approach compares multiple machine learning algorithms in a unified environment to 46 find the model with the best predictive performance and uses game theory to better 47 interpret results.
Output: method
attitudes towards the pandemic and willingness to accept the pandemic ( H1N1 ) 2009 influenza vaccine.
Output: purpose
purified and subjected to sequencing in both directions.
Output: method
Primary sequences derived from these products were used to design additional primers resulting in the amplification and sequencing of the entire ORF1 of PEDV.
Output: method
At least 1G raw data was obtained for each sample.
Output: finding
resource implications , and the feasibility and acceptability of the recommendations.
Output: purpose
multi-organ dysfunction , and death.
Output: purpose
A recombinant vaccinia virus producing the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase was used to express foreign genes in eukaryotic cells.
Output: background
Nea politan mastiff , Pug and Great Dane.
Output: finding
while compensation of the fidelity phenotype did not.
Output: finding
Conclusions : MERS-Cov infection is more common in male , advanced age and diabetes.
Output: finding
and he was found to have a new left-sided infiltrate on CXR , consistent with a pneumonia.
Output: background
All the proteins were expressed and purified using a GST-fusion expression system in Escherichia coli.
Output: method