niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
as tularaemia outbreaks in human populations have been frequently associated with disease in animals.
Output: purpose
• Study the impact of the heterogeneity among communities on epidemic spreading.
Output: purpose
a dose that was estimated to achieve > 90 % target engagement in vivo.
Output: finding
Results : Influenza vaccination rate in 2005 was 66.4 % ( versus 56.8 % in 2004 , odds ratio 1.50 , 95 % confidence interval 1.39-1.62 ).
Output: finding
The target compounds were evaluated for their antiviral potential and found to inhibit several coronaviruses.
Output: method
and how best these can be improved within the local context.
Output: finding
especially small non-coding RNAs ( sRNAs ).
Output: background
and viral RNA cosedimented with heavy membrane structures.
Output: method
However , the recent report on asymptomatic contact transmission of COVID-19 and travelers who passed the symptoms-based screening and tested positive for COVID-19 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR ) challenges this approach as body temperature screening may miss travelers incubating the disease or travelers concealing fever during travel.
Output: background
The attendance number of male subjects was persistently higher than female subjects.
Output: finding
the reporting completeness of the notifiable disease surveillance system remains incompletely assessed.
Output: background
We highlighted the presence and the high diversity of coronaviruses circulating in bats from Cambodia and Lao PDR.
Output: finding
In this report , respiratory infections have been discussed under the headings `` acute respiratory tract infection '' and pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary diseases.
Output: method
Reproductive numbers were inferred with Bayesian birth death skyline analyses.
Output: method
including nonreplicative and vectored vaccines , have been developed.
Output: background
Thus we wanted to study how indoor environmental conditions ( enclosed locations ) in the tropics and winter temperate zones contribute to the aerosol spread of influenza by travelers.
Output: method
which activates the intracellular pathogen recognition receptor RIG-I and induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and antiviral interferon.
Output: background
we evaluated the in vitro activity of a triple combination antiviral drug ( TCAD ) regimen composed of drugs with different mechanisms of action against drugresistant seasonal and 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses.
Output: purpose
with collection and analysis of comprehensive clinical and epidemiological data.
Output: finding
Nevertheless , the members of nearly all RNA virus families depend on the activity of a virally encoded RNA-dependent polymerase for the condensation of nucleotide triphosphates.
Output: background
followed by an assessment of the available data on the economic impact of this disease.
Output: purpose
Involvement was commonly bilateral with no axial or craniocaudal predominance in the distribution.
Output: finding
The disease free equilibrium ( DFE ) of the 103 system is given by Y 0 = ( Π h µ h , 0 , 0 , Πv µv , 0 ).
Output: method
including active , smoldering , or latent infections.
Output: background
a prospective model and a classification scheme for five corresponding types of self-protective behavior adopters are proposed in this study.
Output: method
and has been routinely employed in immunoecological studies.
Output: background
Here , we describe an approach based on two complementary enrichment strategies that significantly improves the sensitivity of NGS-based virus identification.
Output: purpose
To perform a detailed histopathological analysis of the open lung biopsy specimens from five patients with ARDS with confirmed H1N1.
Output: purpose
These studies revealed a novel regulatory mechanism supporting the beneficial effects of fasting , namely , reduced inflammation.
Output: finding
In this study , three typical atmospheric inhaled particles in Shanghai were studied by the synchrotron based transmission X-ray microscopes ( TXM ).
Output: method
Between 2010 and 2013 , 1965 bats were therefore sampled at interfaces with human populations in these two countries.
Output: method
pAPN knockout in IPI-2I cells completely blocked TGEV infection but only slightly decreased PDCoV infection.
Output: finding
Both EGCG and EGCG-G1 bound to the active site of HMA with numerous hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions.
Output: finding
All CaKoV-positive dogs with diarrhea were found to be infected in mixed infections with canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus or canine adenovirus.
Output: method
The particles can transport over long distance and cause long-range infections due to its light weight.
Output: finding
Our data reinforce the idea that culture-adapted laboratory virus strains can have reduced fitness in vivo.
Output: finding
This review summarises current knowledge about the influence of environmental factors on the survival and spread of viruses via contaminated surfaces.
Output: purpose
and cardiovascular exam revealed a normal S1 and S2 with no murmurs.
Output: finding
and recent applications of carbamates in drug design and medicinal chemistry.
Output: purpose
Hence , here we hypothesized that trypanosome infection can affect the onset of CIA by specifically dampening specific B-cell responses and type II collagen antibody titers in DBA/1 prone mice.
Output: purpose
sporulated oocysts mass applied with a vaccination cabinet in the hatchery.
Output: background
Imaging features and their distribution were analysed and compared across the four groups.
Output: method
The dashed line represents LOD.
Output: method
and examined the impact of the SARS epidemic ( 69 % ).
Output: method
animal disease data , and environmental data can ultimately be used for prioritization of the most critical locations and times for viral outbreaks in both urban and rural environments.
Output: background
plus amantadine 200 mg/day ; treatment duration was 24 -48 weeks according to HCV genotype.
Output: method
thus implying it to be a key regulatory component of the virus too.
Output: background
Nine weeks post-stroke , treated rats and normal aged rats were tested on the Morris water maze task.
Output: method
as ascertained by a literature review of relevant studies with data since the year 2000 and a survey of researchers in the field of childhood pneumonia.
Output: purpose
with individual antibodies recognizing discrete states.
Output: finding
and should be considered when interpreting surveillance data.
Output: finding
The discovery of CCSP immunoreactivity in plasma membranes of airway lining cells prompted us to explore the possibility of enriching Clara cells by flow cytometry.
Output: background
together with details of their patient populations tested and diagnostic assays used.
Output: method
Background : Cytokines play important roles in antiviral action.
Output: background
and recruited the autophagy adaptor p62/SQSTM1 and LC3 prior to cytosolic clearance.
Output: finding
This study numerically investigated the thermal effect of human body on the time-dependent dispersion of cough droplets with evaporation process.
Output: purpose
There was no difference in hospitalization status between cases and controls.
Output: finding
while RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ( RdRp ) sequences revealed only one clade.
Output: finding
Nicaragua and Peru among children with influenza-like symptoms enrolled in a sentinel surveillance program.
Output: finding
NR1 , NF2 , NR2 and N350R primers.
Output: method
microbeads have facilitated the integration of other technologies such as emulsion PCR ( ePCR ) and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting ( FACS ) to high-throughput selection techniques.
Output: background
lending further support of an infectious disease cause of KD.
Output: background
Ectopic expression of pAPN in non-susceptible BHK-21 cells rendered them susceptible to PDCoV.
Output: finding
A majority of emerging infectious diseases are of zoonotic origin.
Output: background
thus hampering the prospects for further antiviral drug development.
Output: background
Txnip expression in vivo.
Output: background
Accordingly , there is a need to develop a simple parameter for assessing view obstruction level.
Output: background
and severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) in Asia and West Africa.
Output: purpose
This paper presents an up-to-date overview and comparison of the analytical performance of sensors and biosensors recently used in clinical analysis.
Output: purpose
and a diagnostic gaps analysis.
Output: method
which are involved in mRNA degradation.
Output: background
This study used two cases from the literature to validate the developed model and found well agreement between the transient particle concentrations predicted by the FFD-Markov-chain model and the experimental data.
Output: method
Fecal consistency scores were assigned each week from birth until weaning.
Output: method
a key determinant of their ultimate risk to public health.
Output: background
BALB/cV tumor cells lacked gp52 and expressed instead a 68K , env-related protein.
Output: finding
Here , we report the first simultaneous detection of a human respiratory syncytial virus ( HRSV ) infection in western lowland gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ) and in the local human population at a field program in the Central African Republic.
Output: purpose
the largest of its kind-as many of the questions surrounding ebolaviruses have only been interrogated in the laboratory.
Output: background
In this review series , the life cycle of these pathogens and the epidemiology of disease have been reviewed in the context of potential points of intervention for the prevention of human infection.
Output: finding
Here , we showed that ACE2 protein levels were significantly downregulated after infection with H1N1 viruses but was dispensable for viral replication.
Output: finding
They represent also an important economic burden to health systems worldwide.
Output: background
Negative samples also had to test negative by at least two of the three assays.
Output: method
All mutants reacted with an antibody against the major antigenic site and bound red blood cells.
Output: finding
This review focuses on the recent developments in generating rationally designed DNA molecules and their applications.
Output: purpose
The four targets were amplified simultaneously in a quadruplex reaction.
Output: method
The compounds NCTn ( n = 5 , 6 , 7 , and 8 ) used in this study were synthesized as previously reported ( 1 ).
Output: method
This study investigates the factors associated with the uptake of influenza vaccination among adults in Hong Kong aged 50-64 years.
Output: purpose
Male PTX3 knockout ( KO ) mice and their wild type ( WT ) littermates on 129/SvEv/C57BL6 / J background were used as recipients.
Output: method
Areas covered-This review examines various approaches used to select drugs interfering with the -1 frameshift of HIV-1.
Output: purpose
normally separate components have been joined together via flexible linker sequences in a single polypeptide chain.
Output: method
the FTD kits yielded rapid results in a shorter timeframe , increasing efficiency of diagnosis.
Output: finding
and proinflammatory interleukin 1 beta ( IL1B ) maturation.
Output: background
and neutralizing antibody production , indicating that this monkey model is suitable for studies of MERS-CoV infection.
Output: finding
Membrane insertion was explored using a cell-free system directed by transcribed mRNAs encoding amino-terminal segments of the two proteins.
Output: method
we call for research and investment in three areas : 1 ) surveillance among wildlife to identify the high-risk pathogens they carry ; 2 ) surveillance among people who have contact with wildlife to identify early spillover events ; and 3 ) improvement of market biosecurity regarding the wildlife trade.
Output: purpose
thus allowing a better understanding of infection-driven pathophysiology in vitro.
Output: purpose
second order molecular connectivity index ( 2 c ) and third order Kier 's alpha shape index ( ka 3 ) are effective in describing the antimicrobial activity of synthesized hydrazides.
Output: finding
Samples were obtained from the skin lesions.
Output: finding
gene function and exogenous gene expression.
Output: background
Viral diagnoses were made by serology and/or PCR.
Output: method
Therefore , the National Institute of Allergy and infectious Disease ( NIAID ) has developed and supported a variety of programs and resources to provide assistance and lower the barrier for those who undertake these difficult challenges.
Output: purpose
which could eventually contribute to lung injury.
Output: finding
Astrocytes produce granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( GM-CSF ) and support the survival and proliferation of microglia.
Output: background
All compounds proposed by our approach are classified as non-antibiotic and non-antitumor compounds in the AntiMarin database.
Output: finding
Finally , the population coverage analysis was employed.
Output: method
HSV genes are expressed in an ordered temporal cascade.
Output: background
Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with pen as the experimental unit.
Output: method
thereby leading to the development of new vaccines.
Output: background
including bacterial adherence to eukaryotic cells.
Output: background
however these were not considered physiologically relevant since all values were within the normal range.
Output: finding
little is known about immune reactions in birds.
Output: background
Blockade of the CEACAM1 signaling pathway has recently been implicated as a novel mechanism for cancer immunotherapy.
Output: background
MVTT is therefore an attractive live viral vector for mucosal vaccination.
Output: finding
Objectives : The aim of this study was to assess the effect of commercial aurintricarboxylic acid ( ATA ) against Cryptosporidium parvum.
Output: purpose
including phenotype , function and gene expression.
Output: purpose
BALB/c male mice were mated with either Swiss-Webster or MF1 females to produce first generation cross-bred offspring.
Output: method
we used piecewise regression analysis to compare the blood culture rate before and after implementation of the prediction rule.
Output: method
but very high quantities of passive antibodies are needed to restrict virus replication on mucosal surface.
Output: background
and measuring patients ' knowledge of primary healthcare centers ( PHCCs ).
Output: purpose
He was intubated and sedated.
Output: method
providing clues to explain the usage of pAPN by PDCoV.
Output: finding
The PanCoV-RT-PCR assay can be a useful tool to detect CoV samples from diarrheic calves.
Output: finding
toxicology , and pharmacokinetics of Radix Bupleuri reported to date with an emphasis on its biological properties and mechanisms of action.
Output: purpose
We considered plant-disease pairs of words as units of information available in a medical system based on the use of medicinal plants.
Output: method
To date there have been over 1600 laboratory confirmed cases of MERS-CoV in 26 countries with a case fatality rate of 36 %.
Output: background
thus representing viable targets for drug therapy.
Output: finding
Whether E can release from cells or E/N interaction exists so as to contribute to enhanced VLP production is unknown.
Output: background
and group 4 ( > 2 weeks to 3 weeks ).
Output: method
with important implications for disaster and crisis management.
Output: purpose
health centers and quarantine stations nationwide were implemented.
Output: background
Non-self , virus-derived RNA species have been identified as the PAMPs of RNA viruses.
Output: background
Fecal samples were collected at multiple time points post-vaccination to quantify vaccine oocyst shedding.
Output: method
containing feces of the infected pigeons.
Output: method
and to demonstrate the clearance effects of this mineral against Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ( PRRSV ) in experimentally infected pigs as an initial step towards the development of a feed supplement that would promote immune activity and help prevent diseases.
Output: purpose
The present study assessed the inhibitory effects of a combination of clindamycin and interferon alpha ( IFN-α ) formulation against P. gulae and periodontal disease.
Output: purpose
indicating that O-antigen-lacking Francisella are controlled by autophagy.
Output: finding
He did not have any rashes.
Output: finding
and mechanical ventilation were the most common areas of focus for the articles retrieved.
Output: finding
We compared all virological characteristics between the local and imported cohorts.
Output: method
However , treatment with APN-specific antibody and inhibitors did not completely block PDCoV infection in IPI-2I porcine intestinal epithelial cells.
Output: finding
Given the endemic region , it is possible that MERS-CoV could spread during the annual Hajj pilgrimage , necessitating countermeasure development.
Output: background
brain , kidney and liver following exposure to a range of stress insults including ischemia/reperfusion.
Output: purpose
Then the proposed epitopes were subjected to Population coverage analysis tool to compute global population 's coverage.
Output: method
G. hirsutum ( AD 1 ) and G. barbadense ( AD 2 ).
Output: background
Herpes simplex virus ( HSV ) infection of mice can induce viral encephalitis.
Output: background
sera from 240 healthy dogs and from 3 experimentally CCV-infected dogs were examined.
Output: method
perceived the risk becoming ill when infected as higher than others.
Output: finding
and sequence comparison with that reported in GenBank revealed that the M gene complete sequence shares more than 94 % homology in nucleotide.
Output: finding
e.g. as a supportive means in antibiotic treatments and for prevention of hospital infections.
Output: background
Available statistical programs for reference gene ranking should include more robust analysis capability to analyse the gene expression data generated from factorial design experiments.
Output: finding
Recombinant HA proteins were expressed and purified as previously described ( Benjamin et al. , 2014 ) ELISA binding assays were performed using 384 well plates ( Maxisorp , Nunc ) with 0.5 µg/ml of purified HA protein as described in Table S2.
Output: method
because of concerns about privacy.
Output: background
Continuing exposure can maintain inflammation in the nose and lungs.
Output: finding
In this article a compartmental genetic-epidemiological model was developed to quantify the impact of host genetic diversity on epidemiological characteristics of diseases transmitted through a contaminated environment.
Output: purpose
The presence of the SARS-CoV-2 in the conjunctival sac of affected patients is also reported by a nonpeer-reviewed retrospective cohort study ( 7 ).
Output: background
we also examined the solution-state structural dynamics of the enzyme in complex with a covalently bound vinyl sulfone inhibitor ( K777 ).
Output: method
We examined news and current affairs items broadcast on 5 free-to-air Sydney television channels between April 25 2009 ( the first report ) and October 9 ( prior to the vaccine release ) for statements about ( 1 ) the seriousness of the disease ( 2 ) how the public could minimise contagion ( 3 ) government responses to emerging information.
Output: method
We evaluated the frequency and severity of metapneumovirus ( HMPV ) and coronavirus ( HCV ) infections in a high-risk group of infants.
Output: purpose
In this review we summarize the latest research studies about the most-active EOs that are known and used because of their antimicrobial properties.
Output: purpose
In this paper , we study epidemic spreading in metapopulation networks wherein each node represents a subpopulation symbolizing a city or an urban area and links connecting nodes correspond to the human traveling routes among cities.
Output: purpose
This virus also was found in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ).
Output: background
A nucleotide variability in the sequence of the gene encoding for the transmembrane protein M of canine coronavirus ( CCV ) is described.
Output: purpose
a model virus being developed as a vector for anti-RSV vaccine.
Output: purpose
implying that SAT05fmediated inhibition on IFN-α production could be related to the activation of pDCs.
Output: finding
( which was not peer-reviewed ) The copyright holder for this preprint.
Output: finding
Methods : This was a mixed-method observational study.
Output: method
the probability of introduction through animal purchase and local transmission.
Output: method
explore contributing factors , and suggest studies to better understand super-spreading.
Output: purpose
we have identified a viral receptor and a viral nonstructural protein that are essential for hematogenous reovirus dissemination.
Output: finding
purified by affinity chromatography and used to develop an ELISA method to detect antibodies against PToV.
Output: method
In this review , we summarize the incidence of contamination of RD-114 virus in live attenuated vaccines and potential risks of infection with RD-114 virus in dogs.
Output: purpose
and demonstrated that there are no universally conserved priming sequences among viruses and that it could require an unfeasibly large number of primers ( $ 3700 18-mers or $ 2000 10-mers ) to generate amplicons from all sequenced viruses.
Output: finding
This study addresses the question of whether clinical variability in PRRS results from ( a ) genetic variation among viral isolates and/or ( b ) variation in management practices among farms on which isolates are found.
Output: purpose
O or SAT2 , had the highest prevalence of overall viral detection in the dorsal nasopharynx ( 80.95 % ) and dorsal soft palate ( 71.43 % ).
Output: method
gastrointestinal , vector-borne , blood-transmitted and sex-transmitted , or mucocutaneous.
Output: method
A spontaneous neurological disease in cats characterized by behavioural and motor disturbances was investigated by clinical , morphological and immunological methods.
Output: background
Fusion of viral and host membranes enables delivery of the viral nucleocapsid and tegument proteins to the cytoplasm.
Output: background
We use these aggregate measures to summarize the resistance pattern for each country and to study the extent of correlation between countries ' patterns of drug resistance.
Output: method
TLM is worth of application in the clinical practice.
Output: finding
Urinalyses from records were available for 9 of the necropsied animals and blood and urine samples from 23 free ranging and captive Iberian lynxes were prospectively obtained in order to evaluate the renal function of the living population.
Output: method
We think that this information will shed light on the rational development of new vaccines and treatments.
Output: finding
• The phylogenetic trees of different stock indices are presented and provide obvious phenomenon.
Output: method
without sufficient knowledge amongst pet owners or public health institutes.
Output: background
In addition , ef cient cell-to-cell fusion is not necessary for virulence.
Output: finding
reference is made to law cases which often settle view disputes by the extent of daylight obstruction.
Output: background
The limitations and future directions of aptamers in target specific delivery and real-time detection are also discussed.
Output: purpose
Increased production of IgY associated with the later phases of infection was observed in most individuals around 20 dpi and culminated 30 dpi.
Output: finding
with 2 different sets of factors likely to have contributed to the dispersal of the different viruses.
Output: method
this is the first clinical description of an infection by P. cordatum causing severe feline enteritis.
Output: finding
To critically appraise the efficacy and safety of Kangfuxinye enema combined with mesalamine for the ulcerative colitis ( UC ) patients and in addition to grade the quality of evidence by using the GRADE ( grading of recommendations , assessment , development , and evaluation ) approach.
Output: purpose
Using this virus , complexes of SARS-CoV E and other proteins were purified using a tandem affinity purification system.
Output: method
current study reveals severity of viral respiratory tract infections and release tips for handling them.
Output: finding
and I v.
Output: method
Conclusions and Clinical Importance : BCoV was more likely to be detected in diarrheic than healthy calves.
Output: finding
They were divided 58 into two groups ; group I : healthy controls ( n = 70 ; median age 25 years ( range 12 to 70 59 years ) ).
Output: method
Using the clone , we were able to insert a DENV4 type-specific epitope recognized by primate MAb 5H2 into envelope ( E ) protein domain I ( EDI ) of DENV1 and recover a viable chimeric recombinant virus.
Output: finding
Here , we use structured literature searches to review the virulence of each of the 214 known human-infective RNA virus species.
Output: method
A total of 539 NPAs were collected.
Output: method
An estimated 6.5 % of underlying pneumonia and influenza deaths were attributable to influenza.
Output: finding
Here , we describe the first 23 structure of GAA , at 1.7 Å resolution.
Output: purpose
is priced in pharmaceutical companies ' stocks in the United States.
Output: purpose
representativeness , and biases in the study designs.
Output: background
we prospectively screened children admitted to the hospital with respiratory tract infection from May 2004 to April 2005.
Output: method
altered airway microbiome , and environmental factors.
Output: background
such as ammonium chloride ( NH 4 Cl ) , as seen for orthomyxoviruses.
Output: purpose
The aim of the model is to understand the key mechanisms of SARS-CoV infection dynamics during the first 24 hours post infection.
Output: purpose
likely acceptance of the pandemic ( H1N1 ) 2009 vaccine and issues relating to uptake and perceived safety.
Output: method
or when the enzyme used in assays is at concentrations below the equilibrium dissociation constant of the 3CLpro dimer.
Output: method
bacteria , and eukaryotic parasites.
Output: purpose
15 severe cases as well as 40 moderate cases of COVID-19 patients were retrospectively analyzed.
Output: method
In this study , we used a cellular model of adhesion to investigate whether natural antibodies of the ABO system could block the S protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interaction.
Output: method
Compound 5f was found to be the most potent antifungal agent.
Output: finding
This , in turn , will aide in the development of new and improved vaccine candidates.
Output: purpose
namely covalent , non-covalent , and non-interacting.
Output: finding
Records of virus shedding by cats before treatment provided a retrospective control : significantly more cats stopped shedding virus after Mutian X than recovered from infection during the control period ( p < .00001 ).
Output: finding
suggesting that σ1s facilitates apoptosis of reovirus-infected intestinal epithelial cells.
Output: finding
Herein , we report on an intranasally administered biocompatible polyanhydride nanoparticle-based IAV vaccine ( IAV-nanovax ) capable of providing protection against subsequent homologous and heterologous IAV infections in both inbred and outbred populations.
Output: purpose
Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from children B5 years of age presenting with ARTI.
Output: method
and presented results graphically for easy communication.
Output: method
Furthermore , 662 of the top 1000 articles could not be found using any of the basic critical care search terms.
Output: finding
The GMP moiety is then transferred to the diphosphate end of the RNA transcript in the second step of the reaction to form the Gppp-RNA structure.
Output: background
In fact , reported cases of MERS-CoV often stem from outbreaks within the Middle Eastern countries or recent travel to the region ( 18,19 ).
Output: finding
As such , multiplexed PCR assays have become standard in many virology laboratories.
Output: background
Reads from environmental microorganisms were also identified.
Output: finding
The results show that C8 adsorbs strongly on the bilayer surface.
Output: finding
A retrospective chart review of 323 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan was conducted.
Output: method
from asymptomatic or mildly ill to severe respiratory illness including death.
Output: background
Phylogenetics is a powerful approach in finding evolution of current day species.
Output: background
Accordingly , pathogenic viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm have evolved mechanisms to circumvent IFIT1 restriction and facilitate infection of mammalian cells.
Output: background
and discuss advances that can be offered by application of next-generation sequencing technology.
Output: method
Estimation of the basic reproduction number by means of mathematical modeling can be helpful for determining the potential and severity of an outbreak and providing critical information for identifying the type of disease interventions and intensity.
Output: background
Moreover , 71 % ( 5/7 ) of calves from the FPT group showed IgG1 seroconversion to BCoV compared to 29.4 % ( 5/17 ) of animals from the APT group.
Output: finding
In this study , we examined self-reported frequency of occupational infection and needlestick injury among the clinical laboratory workers in Al-Madinah , Saudi Arabia.
Output: purpose
All rhesus macaques infected with Ebola virus/H.
Output: finding
while AQ 11 was the most active and selective molecule on the tested tumor cells.
Output: finding
An infection screen revealed coronavirus infection.
Output: background
The current emergence of the novel coronavirus pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 demands the development of new therapeutic strategies to prevent rapid progress of mortalities.
Output: background
The two group sizes were 31 or 11 pigs/pen ; floor space was modified so area/pig was equal between the group sizes ( 0.42 m 2 / pig ).
Output: method
We present a simple concept for rapid development of new antimicrobials.
Output: purpose
An epidemiological study has been carried on at the Amiens ' Gynecology-Obstetrical center with the aim to determinate the aetiology of acute gastrointestinal disorders who affeeted part of the newborns over a two months period.
Output: purpose
and cleavage by cyanogen bromide at an engineered methionine adjacent to the desired N-terminus.
Output: background
placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ARMS-I ™ ( currently marketed as Halo ™ ) in the prevention of URIs.
Output: purpose
The evolution of the virus appears to mainly occur through purifying selection but also through recombination.
Output: finding
causing disease and economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide.
Output: background
We analysed a case of high fever that happened 2000 years ago in Biblical time and discussed possible etiologies.
Output: purpose
Our goal is to 45 develop a simple mathematical model that capture a range of disease dynamics with multiple mode of 46 transmissions.
Output: purpose
Autophagy flux was observed using chloroquine as an inhibitor of the autophagic process.
Output: method
We conducted a literature review of studies ( n = 12 ) in experimental animals and human subjects ( n = 11 ) and evaluated the evidence regarding the impact of administration of ACEIs and ARBs on ACE2 expression.
Output: purpose
In this study , we describe the development of a large-scale automatic multi-functional isolation chamber for use with medium-sized laboratory animals carrying infectious diseases.
Output: purpose
• We apply the information categorization method and succeed to classify the financial markets.
Output: method
The extracted total nucleic acids were used to construct the libraries for deep sequencing according to the protocol of Ion Torrent platform.
Output: method
The results of this project indicate that all vaccine applications are effective at protecting against Eimeria maxima challenge when using a proper dose of vaccine that allows for repeated oocyst cycling in the litter post-vaccination.
Output: finding
We aim to investigate whether survival had improved in the setting of recent advances in intensive care unit ( ICU ) management.
Output: purpose
particularly small populations , is endangered.
Output: finding
47 , 32 and 19 kDa provided the most sensitive and specific reactions.
Output: finding
a gelatin filter , and a glass fiber filter , in a laboratory setting.
Output: purpose
Here , we explore whether XMRV is an authentic human pathogen in the light of recent findings that indicate otherwise.
Output: purpose
We show here that oxidoreductasemediated modulations of the cell surface thiol status affect the enzymatic activity of APN.
Output: purpose
Intracellular nucleic acid sensors often undergo sophisticated modifications that are critical for the regulation of antimicrobial responses.
Output: background
Greece and France and later throughout Europe by land.
Output: background
and serology ( microneutralization assay ).
Output: purpose
One of these changes results in assembly of two heptad repeat sequences ( HRA and HRB ) from each protomer into a six-helix bundle ( 6HB ) motif.
Output: background
interstitial disease , pleural effusion , and hilar adenopathy.
Output: method
Transcriptome analysis of persistently infected pharyngeal tissues by qRT-PCR for 14 cytokine genes indicated a general trend of decreased mRNA levels compared to uninfected control animals.
Output: finding
It has been observed that the Ser139-Leu141 loop forms a short 3 10 - helix that disrupts the catalytic machinery in the inactive monomer structure.
Output: background
Processes of the fresh air and the refrigerant are studied.
Output: method
and his conjunctivae were injected.
Output: background
The observations that Lymphopenia is common in severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) patients and that peripheral blood mononuclear cell ( PBMC ) could be infected by SARS-CoV indicate that PBMC could be useful in identifying the gene expression profile in convalescent patients and tracing the host response to SARS-CoV infection.
Output: background
Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained at baseline and at the end of the study.
Output: method
has been widely used as a pharmacological tool in preclinical studies to inform on CEACAM1 pathway biology although limited data are available on its CEACAM1 blocking characteristics or pharmacodynamic-pharmacokinetic profiles.
Output: background
Cyclophilin A has attracted attention recently as a new target of anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1 ) drugs.
Output: background
to understanding how the multilayer nature of the network affects processes and dynamics.
Output: purpose
TNF-α and IL-10 affect the susceptibility to and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ).
Output: background
derived from the 5 ¢ end of the genomic RNA.
Output: method
The developments in sequencing technology and bioinformatics have outpaced the capacity to analyze and interpret the sequence data.
Output: background
PLpro translationally samples the open and closed conformation of BL2 loop on a picosecond-nanosecond timescale but does not reproduce the peptide bond inversion between loop residues Tyr269 and Gln270 that is observed on inhibitor GRL0617 binding.
Output: finding
observed worldwide or very specifically in certain regions only.
Output: background
Accuracy of procalcitonin to discriminate between viral and bacterial pathogens was calculated.
Output: method
a clinical and virological survey was conducted in adult and paediatric patients with ILI referred to two French University hospitals in Paris and Tours.
Output: purpose
This review discusses aspects on pathogenesis and diagnostic methods for IBV infection.
Output: purpose
This genomic RNA acts in three capacities during the viral life cycle : ( 1 ) as an initial RNA of the infectious cycle ; ( 2 ) as a template for replication and transcription ; and ( 3 ) as a substrate for packaging into the progeny virus.
Output: background
and to invite 4 individuals they had met face to face in the preceding 2 weeks.
Output: method
elevated lactate , and acidosis.
Output: finding
the prevalence of the CIRD virus infections could not be assessed.
Output: finding
over the responsibilities that used to belong to MPSS.
Output: finding
Novel infectious diseases continue to emerge within human populations.
Output: background
This new platform has a high potential to be integrated into microfluidic detection systems to enable portable diagnostics in the future.
Output: finding
while most of those located in the deep and marginal zones bordering the adjoining intact areas were remyelinated by oligodendrocytes.
Output: finding
In this study , we have exploited the structural information to identify the residues that are important for the catalytic activity of 2 0 - O MTase of VP4 and their influence on BTV replication.
Output: purpose
We hypothesized that highly immunodeficient NSG mice would support the survival and maturation of O. volvulus and alteration of the host microenvironment through the addition of various human cells and tissues would further enhance the level of parasite maturation.
Output: purpose
and association with respiratory symptoms.
Output: purpose
the risk factors , and outcome of MERS-CoV infection in the pediatric population.
Output: purpose
However , the most important measure is not in a factor.
Output: finding
The problem is NP-hard , and the existing exact solutions are impractical for large instances.
Output: background
This paper summarizes the relevant considerations and the case studies conducted to establish the average angle of unobstructed sky ( q ) as a simple parameter to represent mean SMK for assessing view obstruction.
Output: purpose
G-quadruplexes ( G4s ) have become one of the most exciting nucleic acid secondary structures.
Output: background
was developed through inactivation with betapropiolactone and emulsification with MF59 TM adjuvant.
Output: purpose
To explore these mechanisms , we combined three biochemical techniques - Stable Isotope Labeling of Amino acid in Cell cultures ( SILAC ) ; biotin labeling of plasma membrane proteins followed by affinity purification ; and analysis of unique proteins binding to SNCA peptides on membrane arrays.
Output: method
but not to the vaccination status , sex and transmission route.
Output: finding
This study provides drug repositioning candidates and targets for further in vitro and in vivo studies of SARS-CoV-2.
Output: purpose
Materials and Methods : A comprehensive literature search involving mainly electronic and library sources of information were used to collate and synthesise published data.
Output: method
These epigenetic alterations are considered crucial elements in ( viral ) oncogenesis.
Output: finding
In this section , we review the performance of the signature across additional patient subgroups.
Output: purpose
The global therapeutic monoclonal antibody market was valued at approximately US$ 115.2 billion in 2018 and is expected to generate revenue of $ 150 billion by the end of 2019 and $ 300 billion by 2025.
Output: background
although GI illnesses are most common in the winter months.
Output: background
influential articles in critical care requires using multiple search terms and manuscript sources.
Output: finding
or to translate overlapping ORFs to increase coding capacity.
Output: background
Surveillance of livestock and the surrounding environment is a hallmark of early detection but is currently targeted to known risks.
Output: background
Sensitization to 1 or more of the common indoor allergens has been consistently associated with asthma among children and young adults ( odds ratios for asthma , 3-18 ).
Output: background
The cytotoxicity on HeLa and Jurkat tumor cell lines was also tested.
Output: method
On this front , it is argued that the lack of standardization between smart city technology suppliers can lead and is leading to noncommunication between cities and data platforms.
Output: finding
In this review we identify major bottlenecks that need to be resolved for WGS to routinely inform clinical intervention and discuss possible solutions.
Output: purpose
fecal samples were collected per rectum from 15 healthy young-adult ( 2-12 years ) and 15 geriatric ( 20 years ) horses.
Output: method
This chapter will focus on mechanisms by which sumoylation both impacts human viruses and is used by viruses to promote viral infection and disease.
Output: purpose
Dengue virus ( DENV ) constitutes a public health concern.
Output: background
which attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation during periods of metabolic stress.
Output: finding
directly into the brains of immunized mice.
Output: method
We calculated correlations between linked individuals to investigate mixing patterns.
Output: method
This requires research into the virology of the disease in physiological models in conjunction with detailed phenotypic characterisation of asthma patients to identify targets amenable to therapeutic intervention.
Output: background
Vaccines that elicit a protective broadly neutralizing antibody ( bNAb ) response and monoclonal antibody therapies are critical for the treatment and prevention of viral infections.
Output: background
but many do not take preventive measures.
Output: finding
focusing on the impact of assortativity.
Output: purpose
We demonstrated the mechanical and electrical implications of bacterial positioning at the solid-liquid interface of a TSM biosensor and presented a model of the TSM with bacteria attached operating as coupled oscillators.
Output: method
The present study aimed to investigate the role of CXCL9 in prostate cancer.
Output: purpose
The outcome of viral infection depends on the interplay between host factors and the environment.
Output: background
nitric oxide , interleukin-1b and tumour necrosis factor-a levels using appropriate reagents and ELISA kits.
Output: method
The present study was performed to investigate the potential protective effect of myricitrin against hypoxia/reoxygenation ( H/R ) - induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury and its underlying mechanisms.
Output: purpose
Administration of recombinant feline interferon-v ( rFeIFN ) has been proposed for the prophylaxis of canine and feline parvovirosis.
Output: background
the size of 62 the host population is given by N h = S h + I h + R h.
Output: method
while peak respiratory rate and peak rectal temperature appeared more than a week later than the peak shedding.
Output: finding
In this review , we summarize the current understanding of ZIKV biology and describe our efforts to rapidly develop a vaccine against ZIKV.
Output: purpose
China , the novel coronavirus ( 2019-nCoV ) infection has been quickly spreading out to other provinces and neighboring countries.
Output: background
and the proportion of subclinical infections.
Output: method
We investigate the properties of a simple discrete time stochastic epidemic model.
Output: purpose
Studies on rare aneurysm specimens reveal plasma cell infiltrates.
Output: background
peaked at week 7 and were maintained at a higher level for 4 weeks following immunization when compared with the negative control.
Output: finding
These findings might help to illustrate the pathogenesis of persistent infection caused by BVDV.
Output: finding
cytometric bead-based array ( CBA ) and real-time polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR ) ; the relevance of these methods of cytokine quantification was explored.
Output: method
and two were actually fitter in tests in two kinds of cells.
Output: finding
Mortality increased to 12 % ( 30/258 , 30 % increase ) when electronic vital records and a 30-day posthospitalization time frame were used.
Output: finding
and other 42 pharmacologically active compounds as inhibitors of M pro.
Output: method
were retrospectively analyzed in order to investigate whether these values had clinical significance for the prognosis of the patients.
Output: method
and varied from 0.4 to 0.7 mm in depth.
Output: method
In this research , we consider how a central policy-maker can induce a socially optimal vaccine coverage through the use of incentives to both consumers and the vaccine manufacturer.
Output: purpose
and three provided promising antiviral activities and acceptably low toxicities.
Output: finding
We evaluated the usefulness of a serum Aspergillus PCR assay for the diagnosis and prognosis of invasive aspergillosis in a study involving 941 patients for a total of 5146 serum samples.
Output: purpose
The mechanism of demyelination is not apparent because there is no ultrastructural evidence of viral replication in the oligodendrocytes , the myelin producing cells.
Output: background
lysosomal delivery , and proteolysis.
Output: finding
a trypanocidal drug , restored the development of CIA-associated clinical symptoms.
Output: method
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus MERS Healthcare-associated outbreaks S U M M A R Y Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ( MERS-CoV ) is capable of causing acute respiratory illness.
Output: background
determining the reasons for disease persistence as well for the onset of reinfection is also essential.
Output: background
and the antibodies assays presented lower positive rates ( IgM , 23.0 % , IgG , 53.8 % ).
Output: finding
conditions , SARIMA could reduce detection delay by 5-16 days.
Output: finding
A Lineweaver-Burk plot confirmed that EGCG and EGCG-G1 were competitive inhibitors of maltose substrate against HMA and inhibition kinetic constants ( K i ) calculated from a Dixon plot were 5.93 ± 0.26 and 7.88 ± 0.57 µM , respectively.
Output: finding
In mice , plasmacytoid dendritic cells ( pDC ) and natural killer ( NK ) cells both contribute to resistance to systemic infections with herpes viruses including mouse Cytomegalovirus ( MCMV ).
Output: background
RNA viruses encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ( RdRp ) that catalyzes the synthesis of their RNA ( s ).
Output: background
the presence of virus in blood and tissues and to test the hypothesis that seropositive calves are not infectious to naïve in-contact calves three weeks after BCoV infection.
Output: purpose
In these persons , whether B. pertussis is a primary or secondary pathogen or an innocent bystander is not clear.
Output: background
which use them as clocks for time-sensitive processes.
Output: background
geographic location , sample collection date and type and co-infection with other viral pathogens.
Output: purpose
monocytes , and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and has high-binding avidity demonstrated by surface plasmon resonance.
Output: background
monitor and evaluate large-scale development programs.
Output: finding
as well as epidemiologic studies examining the potential role of toilets in infectious disease outbreaks.
Output: method
a viral 2 = Omethyltransferase ( 2 =O - MTase ) that encodes critical functions in immune modulation and infection.
Output: purpose
The plague is an infectious bacterial disease having a high fatality rate without treatment.
Output: background
regional ( n = 9 ) and national ( n = 3 ) laboratories using molecular diagnostic methods.
Output: method
The solver for FFD-Markov-chain model was programmed in OpenFOAM , an open-source CFD toolbox.
Output: method
with the specific aim of evaluating the association between PI and health status of calves within 30 days of age under field conditions.
Output: purpose
chemokine receptors ( CCRs ) and death receptor ligands in SARS-CoV infected DCs.
Output: purpose
Jalview v2 and CLC Sequence Viewer v7 .0.2 were used for the initial sequence analysis for securing the conservancy from the sequences.
Output: method
However , a large proportion of HAI are preventable through effective infection prevention and control ( IPC ) measures.
Output: background
The method of swabbing on moistened surfaces was used for sampling.
Output: method
Synthesized flavonoid alkaloids and thiophenyl flavonoids have been screened for antifungal and antibacterial activities.
Output: background
researchers are left to examine clinical signs and disease pathology.
Output: background
Cats that survived the outbreak were vaccinated and re-sampled 1 month after the last rFeIFN administration.
Output: method
Methods : Six-core-competency-based OSCE was used as examination of the clinical performance of 192 PGY 1 residents during their 3-month internal medicine training between 2007 January and 2009 December.
Output: method