niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
A likelihood-based approach was used to obtain parameter estimates.
Output: method
Their heterogeneity was investigated by analysis of the ORF3 gene because of its potential function as a representation of virulence.
Output: method
Fluorescence immunohistochemistry was performed to locate caveolae and cav-1 and -2 in the airway epithelium of rats , mice and humans.
Output: method
we performed studies to evaluate the ability of each cell line to support specific steps of the viral lifecycle ( i.e. entry , replication , egress and spread ).
Output: method
In this article , we present such an approach to managing 2019-nCoV-related pneumonia based on the unique traits of the virus recently revealed and on our experience with coronaviruses at West China Hospital in Chengdu , China.
Output: purpose
Competitive growth assays were carried out in both continuous and primary cells to better understand the contribution of DMVs to viral fitness.
Output: method
tracheal ciliary protection was assessed.
Output: method
to ensure an unbiased result.
Output: finding
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of VRTI during the first year after lung transplantation in relation to CLAD development.
Output: purpose
Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells stably expressing microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B ( LC3B ) with green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) ( GFP-LC3-MDBK cells ) and autophagy-deficient MDBKs ( shBCN1-MDBK Yulong Zhou and Yachao Ren have contributed equally to this work.
Output: finding
Thus , it is important to expand our knowledge of the presence of viruses in bats which could represent a risk to humans.
Output: purpose
and will never be medically evaluated.
Output: background
but did not significantly compromise the contribution of E to efficient VLP production.
Output: finding
semiurban , and rural areas.
Output: method
proteins expression in DEV infected duck embryo fibroblasts ( DEFs ) within 24 h post-infection ( p.i. ) was also effectively suppressed by resveratrol.
Output: finding
has evaluated the ventilation performance of three strategies in the protection of health care workers and HVAC control for airborne infectious diseases induced by contaminated exhaled air from patients in a negative pressure isolation room.
Output: purpose
The synthesis of genomic RNA and all eight subgenomic mRNAs was faithfully reproduced by the RTC in this in vitro system.
Output: method
In this review , we focus on adjuvants that can enhance the immunogenicity of DNA encoded antigens and highlight the development of a novel cytolytic DNA platform encoding a truncated mouse perforin.
Output: purpose
Methods : All patients admitted with findings consistent with CAP were included.
Output: method
Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between child characteristics and codetection of the organisms of interest.
Output: method
which correlated with axonal and dendritic plasticity.
Output: background
dipeptidyl peptidase 4 ( DPP4 ).
Output: background
A cluster analysis procedure for the functional classification of binding pockets was implemented and calibrated using a diverse set of enzyme binding sites.
Output: method
To provide scientific basis for promoting the physical and psychological health of these staff members.
Output: purpose
In this report , we describe the discovery and genomic characterization of partetraviruses in bovine and ovine samples from China.
Output: purpose
in which all the steps here depicts our experience and expertise combined with the already well-known and accepted international guidance.
Output: purpose
In this article we review recent progress in the fi eld of pathogen surveillance and discovery with a specifi c focus on applications in the fi eld of laboratory animal research.
Output: purpose
The estimations based on likelihood and model analysis show that the control reproduction number may be as high as 6.47 ( 95 % CI 5.71-7.23 ).
Output: finding
plays a protective role in pathogenesis of acute lung injury.
Output: background
Using the best classification models for antibiotic and antitumor activities a data set of marine and microbial natural products from the AntiMarin database were screened-57 and 16 new lead compounds for antibiotic and antitumor drug design were proposed , respectively.
Output: method
Different prediction tools were used to analyze the aforementioned protein at Immune Epitope Database ( IEDB ) to discriminate the most promising Tcell and B-cell epitopes.
Output: method
this study provides empirical and theoretical evidence that the risk of disease transmission varies substantially based on the animal and herd demographic characteristics at the time of purchase.
Output: purpose
Wuhan , December 2019 and subsequently reached other provinces/regions of China and other countries.
Output: background
respectively , and compare these findings with previous results from the beet western yellows virus ( BWYV ) RNA.
Output: method
respirators , soap and alcohol-based hand sanitizers.
Output: finding
Paramyxovirus infections can be detected worldwide with some emerging zoonotic viruses and currently there are no specific therapeutic treatments or vaccines available for many of these diseases.
Output: background
synthetic , DNA vaccine targeting the pre-membrane + envelope proteins ( prME ) of ZIKV.
Output: purpose
We conclude that there was a synergism between oxygen and ozone exposure leading to enhanced epithelial injury and metaplasia.
Output: finding
spore-forming anaerobic bacteria and viruses ( coronavirus , parvovirus , adenovirus , parainfluenza virus ).
Output: method
We aimed to obtain a model to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection in suspected patients reported to the Brazilian surveillance system.
Output: purpose
reduced weight gain , and can lead to the development of necrotic enteritis.
Output: background
Prompt recognition , isolation and management of suspected cases are key factors for prevention of the spread of MERS.
Output: finding
Animals : Cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of 95 preweaned dairy calves from 11 dairy herds.
Output: method
was submitted to the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency for diagnosis.
Output: background
which is based on the synergistic combination of the yeast surface display ( YSD ) technique and the microfluidic technology.
Output: background
Five-week-old conventional pigs were inoculated intratracheally with the Lelystad strain of PRRSV and received 5 days later one or two intratracheal LPS administrations.
Output: method
This article explores the principles that govern the assembly of such a system.
Output: purpose
Together , the work demonstrates the utility of the infectious clone and provides a resource to rapidly manipulate the DENV1 serotype for generation of recombinant and mutant viruses.
Output: finding
Methods : In 2014 , volunteers from two large participatory surveillance panels in the Netherlands and Belgium were invited for a survey.
Output: method
particularly in high-risk persons in this highly fluid border population.
Output: finding
Enriched male mice and male and female rats exhibited decreased feed intake without a subsequent decrease in body weight ; this may have been the result of the nesting material reducing the effect of cold stress thereby allowing for more efficient use of feed.
Output: finding
Moreover , biological components in PM were critical in mediating immune-related inflammatory responses and should therefore not be overlooked.
Output: finding
selective pressures on West African BAGV sequences and their evolutionary phylogenetic relationships with previously available BAGV genomes.
Output: method
Sequence analysis of the cDNAs synthesized from mRNA 4 revealed a major difference with previously published results.
Output: background
The aim of this study is to examine how TSLP production by IECs is regulated in ulcerative colitis.
Output: purpose
which has been shown to support SARS coronavirus replication.
Output: method
Thus , both host and viral factors are required for efficient hematogenous dissemination of reovirus.
Output: finding
The aim in this study was to assess the effectiveness of a quaternary ammonium chloride ( QAC ) surfactant in reducing surface staphylococcal contamination in a routinely operating medical ward occupied by patients who had tested positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ).
Output: purpose
Numerical analysis compares the effects of different building morphology modifications on pedestrianlevel natural ventilation.
Output: method
Thus , iDCs were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) and performed to explore the expressions and phosphorylation of molecules in the two signaling pathways as well as secretions of inflammatory cytokines and interferons during EV71 replication.
Output: method
Hence major attention has been focused on characterization of this protein.
Output: background
As a result , therapeutic antibodies have become the predominant class of new drugs developed in recent years.
Output: background
Novel coronavirus pneumonia ( NCP ) severity was higher in the AMI patients than in patients with non-definite AMI ( p < 0.001 ).
Output: finding
Here , we use simulated data to test the ability of both parametric and non-parametric methods for inference of effective population size ( coded in the popular BEAST package ) to reconstruct epidemic dynamics.
Output: purpose
Additionally , we investigated the status of immunomodulatory pathways to determine their roles in tumor-treating fields-mediated immune activation.
Output: method
and the value of specific B. pertussis therapy in this setting.
Output: finding
Background : On-site vaccination arrangements were introduced in 2005 to improve influenza vaccination rate among employees of a 1500-bed tertiary hospital in Singapore.
Output: background
respectively , died or were culled in the 120 d following diarrhea diagnosis.
Output: finding
This review aims to describe the transductional targeting strategies currently employed to specifically redirect viruses towards surface receptors on tumor cells.
Output: purpose
In this study , we investigated the systemic alterations of mtDNA-depleted ( r 0 ) mitochondria by using network analysis of gene expression data.
Output: purpose
even if some were infected.
Output: method
In this article , we review current advances in neutralizing mAbs against MERS-CoV.
Output: purpose
33AE3 % in Nicaragua ( 95 % CI : 26AE6 ; 40AE1 ) and 25AE1 % in Peru ( 95 % CI : 18AE9 ; 31AE3 ).
Output: finding
in a complex interplay , involving both synergistic and antagonistic effects.
Output: background
Nevertheless , the WHO and the American Academy of Ophthalmology ( AAO ) III recommend wearing eye protection ( e.g. , goggles or shield ) when treating patients ( potentially ) infected with COVID-19 to prevent droplet transmission.
Output: background
collecting different biological matrices during the entire period of infection.
Output: method
In this Review , we present important examples of viral RNA-based strategies to exploit the cellular translation machinery.
Output: purpose
Data were linked with surveys on health and social integration conducted at the end of 2019 ( N study sample = 3,540 ).
Output: method
and whether ICU respiratory infections can predict influenza epidemics.
Output: purpose
The age-adjusted incidence of ARDS was 15.19 per 100,000 person-years.
Output: finding
an outer membrane protein , exerts both cytopathic and enterotoxic effects especially cytopathic to human epithelial cell type-2 ( HEp-2 ) and is shown to be highly immunogenic.
Output: background
In this Opinion article , we propose a synthetic framework for animal-to-human transmission that integrates the relevant mechanisms.
Output: purpose
of which , 1,065 genes were down-regulated and 326 genes were up-regulated in the LBW compared to NBW newborns.
Output: finding
where HCP became infected while caring for patients due to errors in the use of PPE.
Output: background
and PM − 10 indicated that TLR2 and TLR4 played a dominant role in the inflammatory responses of the lung.
Output: finding
and appraisal of crisis management.
Output: method
Detection sensitivities of the multiplex assays were compared to singleplex reactions testing for the same targets.
Output: method
examples of this contribution in two countries of the African region : Côte d'Ivoire and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Output: purpose
Fractures were most frequently found in the upper extremity of a child while the most common non-fracture location was head.
Output: finding
Objective : To explore socio-demographic data of the population as proxies for risk factors in disease transmission modeling at different geographic scales.
Output: purpose
Background.
Output: background
most of the research is carried out in the Vero E6 cells.
Output: background
and how CD8 + T cell expansion and differentiation are controlled in these contexts.
Output: purpose
providing information on optimal subcellular targeting for production in plant bioreactors.
Output: finding
has a lot more flexibility than its imine-based parent compound and an inverted hydrogen-bonding profile.
Output: finding
We also present data on the use of in silico docking in gaining insight into 2019-nCoV Spike-receptor binding to aid in therapeutic development.
Output: purpose
Optimization of the ELISA showed a capability of the assay to significantly distinguish HCoV-NL63 from HCoV-229E ( U = 27.50 , p < 0.001 ) and HCoV-OC43 ( U = 55.50 , p < 0.001 ) in coronavirus-characterized sera.
Output: finding
and the patient required nasal oxygenation.
Output: finding
pathological , and immunological methods.
Output: method
we could monitor the effects of pathogens on host-cell gene expression programmes in great depth and on a broad scale.
Output: purpose
yet commonly not proven at the time of treatment initiation.
Output: finding
This article describes the steps taken to implement expanded SARI surveillance in Vietnam and reports data from 1 year of expanded surveillance.
Output: purpose
Emphasis is given to label-free electrochemical ( impedimetric , voltammetric , and amperometric ) detection.
Output: background
West Nile fever , SARS , and MERS.
Output: purpose
In this study , we discovered that theaflavin showed the lower idock score ( idock score : − 7.95 kcal/mol ).
Output: finding
Materials and Methods : A total of 38 Sequences of Cryptococcus neoformans var.
Output: method
the patient experienced cardiac arrest.
Output: finding
six cynomolgus macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ) were inoculated with hMPV and examined by pathological and virological assays.
Output: method
the Philippines , and Thailand.
Output: background
highlighting the need for future research to more clearly define the biological function ( s ) of this potentially important co-chaperone.
Output: purpose
MERS and SARS , as approximations for the true unknown SI.
Output: method
but had not been previously tested on the RV16 or xTAG.
Output: method
suitable for a clinical readership without specialist airflow or engineering knowledge.
Output: purpose
It also remains to be determined whether E palmitoylation or disulfide bond formation plays a role in SARS-CoV virus assembly.
Output: background
Here , we review the most recent findings on the molecular pathogenesis and the interaction of CCHFV with the type I interferon and cytokine responses and discuss implications for pathogenesis.
Output: purpose
Oligonucleotide primers were designed based on conserved avian S3 nucleotide sequence data.
Output: method
we used the immunoinformatics approach to design a potential epitope-based vaccine against the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-L of EBOV.
Output: method
We used two strategies for SARS-CoV-2 testing : targeted testing of high-risk individuals ( n = 4,551 ) and a population screening ( n = 5,502 ).
Output: method
have incurred significant morbidity and mortality.
Output: background
and bacteriochlorophyll ( 16 ).
Output: finding
In the current review , we first describe the molecular and genetic characteristics of the PEDV.
Output: purpose
We show that the amount and the peculiarities of distribution of the protein intrinsic disorder in the viral shell can be used for the efficient analysis of the behavior and transmission modes of CoV.
Output: purpose
Key stakeholder perspectives were sought of the managerial processes associated with perceived success and lessons for future outbreaks.
Output: purpose
Two groups of NHPs were treated with either a human anti-MERS monoclonal antibody 3B11-N or E410-N , an anti-HIV antibody.
Output: finding
These results suggest that this assay offers a reliable method to detect HCoV-OC43 infection and may be a useful tool in coronavirus seroepidemiological studies.
Output: finding
has rapidly spread to almost all parts of world.
Output: background
poultry diseases , and fish diseases.
Output: finding
In this study , we aimed to shed greater light on early steps in IBV infection.
Output: purpose
Multiple sequence alignment was performed by using Clustal X ( version 2.0.11 ) with 44 human-derived ( including the Malaysian case ; MyH010414 ; GenBank accession No : KP769415 ) and 3 camel-derived MERS-CoV sequences ( 6 ).
Output: method
and Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ).
Output: background
We present the sequence of an open reading frame ( ORF ) at the 3 ' end of human astrovirus serotype 1.
Output: purpose
especially in individuals with underlying comorbidities.
Output: background
We report an auto-induction methodology that provides soluble-cruzain at high yields ( > 30 mg per liter in minimal media ).
Output: background
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using stored samples of an influenza-like illness surveillance program.
Output: method
as no intermediate cleavage products covering the proteinase were detected in either IBV-infected or transfected cells.
Output: finding
addressing these as the communication of risk and subsequent risk management.
Output: purpose
We describe the pulmonary pathology of patients who died in the 2003 Toronto outbreak.
Output: purpose
The pluripotency markers SSEA4 and TRA-1-81 were not detectable in iPSC-nCoVN.
Output: background
Results : The final database included 1187 articles published between 1905 and 2006.
Output: finding
We included 61 studies ( 56 examining impact on mental health and five about interventions to reduce such impact ).
Output: method
the vaccine candidates against uropathogenic Escherichia coli ( UPEC ) were predicted using Vaxign and compared with various experimental studies.
Output: method
which was chosen as an adjuvant because of its long history of safety for human use.
Output: method
which faces the cytosol during and after opening of the fusion pore at early stages of the virus life cycle.
Output: method
targeting N pro , NS3 and NS5B genes of CSFV.
Output: method
agree with observations regarding the ability of animal viruses to infect humans.
Output: method
Pneumoviruses have been identified as causative agents in several respiratory disease outbreaks in habituated wild great apes.
Output: background
the presumed peplomeric protein , that was glycosylated and proteolytically cleavable by trypsin into subunits of 110 and 90 kDa.
Output: finding
This study aimed.to look for enterotoxic effect elaborated by Cryptosporidium.
Output: purpose
The in silico analysis predicted that this quinone could bind to the prefusion form of the E glycoprotein of DENV-2.
Output: finding
and an image-based high-content assay to identify and characterize inhibitors of CHIKV-infection in vitro.
Output: purpose
Tanzania , between 2013 and 2015.
Output: method
crystallization , enzymatic characterization , and structure determination.
Output: purpose
which has become a social science concept ( 15 ) and is being applied in disaster management.
Output: background
In this study , several monoclonal antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein have been generated to examine distribution of the nucleocapsid in virus-infected cells and to study antigenic regions of the protein.
Output: purpose
especially in regard to the existence of monocyte-derived microglia.
Output: background
in order to disentangle the variability arising from the experimental compared to the bioinformatics parts of the laboratory pipeline.
Output: method
The objective of this study was to assess the level of preparedness of emergency infection control measures in Japan and to quantify the differences in preparedness across institutions and disciplines.
Output: purpose
Yennawar M , et al. ( 2018 ) A speed-fidelity trade-off determines the mutation rate and virulence of an RNA virus.
Output: background
protect D-GalN-treated mice from lethal shock induced by TLR9 agonist , not by TLR3/4 agonist.
Output: finding
and histopathologic findings were evaluated.
Output: method
Here we assess support for this hypothesis using direct evidence : the fitness effects of mutations in actual proteins measured via individual or paired growth experiments.
Output: purpose
Epidemiology supports a relationship of KD to an infectious disease.
Output: background
In this paper , a novel stochastic model is proposed which aims to account for the unique transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and capture the effects of intervention measures implemented in Mainland China.
Output: purpose
implying that these residues might contribute differently to the dimer stability.
Output: finding
And fourth , rotavirus can prevent STAT1 and STAT2 nuclear translocation.
Output: background
Serologic testing was done for 53 ( 75 % ) of 71 nonsymptomatic contacts ; all results were negative.
Output: finding
This formative research explored community perceptions about respiratory infections.
Output: purpose
Rolling circle amplification using DNA from harderian and parotid glands identified a novel 5.1-kb polyomavirus genome closely related to human Washington University ( WU ) and Karolinska Institute ( KI ) and vole polyomaviruses but notably divergent from Rattus norvegicus PyV1 ( RnorPyV1 ; also designated RatPyV1 ).
Output: finding
Ang-1-7 AT 1 G B M Figure 1 | The podocyte renin - angiotensin system and the mechanisms by which increased ACE2 expression can decrease local angiotensin II production.
Output: background
• Using multiple-scale analysis , we present amplitude equations.
Output: method
be applicable to Aβ and other amyloidogenic systems.
Output: finding
We identified 110 healthcare workers with exposure within droplet range ( i.e. , 3 feet ) to six SARS-CoV-positive patients.
Output: finding
fluorescence enhancement , and quenching caused by plasmon and colorimetry changes based on the coupling of GNPs.
Output: method
In this review , we summarize what is currently known about the interplay between autophagy and HCV and the possible mechanisms whereby autophagy proteins might favor HCV propagation.
Output: purpose
the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei.
Output: background
2014 , with most cases detected in September.
Output: finding
We are now using N63Y mutant CVB3 as an improved system for viral pathogenesis studies.
Output: finding
A third group of five uninfected animals was used as control.
Output: method
Wild-type CVB3 and N63Y mutant CVB3 had similar plaque sizes when agarose was used in the overlay instead of agar.
Output: finding
We aimed to investigate the administered medications and intervention times for patients who completely recovered from COVID-19.
Output: purpose
For this purpose , 5-bromo-2deoxyuridine ( BrdU ) labeling was chosen because of its sensitivity and the possibility of further characterization of proliferating cells.
Output: method
At the same time , nasal samples were obtained from the 15 health care workers who had participated in the resuscitation.
Output: finding
This becomes an issue for the development of vaccine and treatment options where characterizing the type of immune response generated is critical for understanding protection from disease.
Output: background
Silver nanomaterials ( Ag NMs ) have attracted great interests in recent years due to their excellent anti-microorganism properties.
Output: background
and full-length cDNA clones possessed all characteristic class Ia exons.
Output: method
Our findings suggest that RatPyV2 may be a commensal infection of laboratory rats that can lead to disseminated disease in T cell immune-deficient rats.
Output: finding
It has long been held that initial neuroantigen presentation and T cell activation events occur in the immune periphery and then translocate to the CNS.
Output: background
probably reflecting a general regulating mechanism.
Output: finding
Here , we analyzed the N-glycosylation of the receptor-binding domain ( RBD ) of IBV strain M41 spike protein and assessed the role of this modification in host receptor binding.
Output: method
In this study , we evaluated the replication and pathogenicity of all nine APMV serotypes in hamsters.
Output: purpose
In this study , the two diagnostic assays that targeted respectively on Mp-antibody and Mp-DNA were retrospectively investigated.
Output: purpose
two major caveolar coat proteins , in rat tracheal epithelium.
Output: method
especially enterotoxigenic E. coli ( ETEC ) , in diarrheic calves.
Output: purpose
We also assumed that individuals who choose to visit a location ( an indoor environment for a fixed duration ) come at the same time and leave at the same time.
Output: method
6 weeks after the infection.
Output: finding
Anti-HSV DAAs acyclovir and foscarnet offer examples of the hazards of drug resistance.
Output: background
target cell types and efficiency of RNAi in the mouse seminiferous epithelium.
Output: purpose
and were not durably protected by BCG vaccination.
Output: method
Although the calves were shedding BCoV RNA 21 days after infection the sentinel animals were not infected.
Output: finding
while viral infection was assessed by real-time RT-PCR in faeces.
Output: method
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ( PAP ) is characterized by accumulation of a surfactant-like substance in alveolar spaces and hypoxemic respiratory failure.
Output: background
and the ways in which the outbreak had affected their mental health.
Output: method
and tested it against a catalytically deficient mutant HAV 3C pro and other virus-encoded proteases.
Output: method
147 , 200 and 545 were additionally present in QX-like strains.
Output: finding
Therefore , a better understanding of the immune-related molecular processes in virus-induced autoimmunity is warranted.
Output: purpose
Ophthalmic practices took similar preventive measures ( frequent hand washing with the use of chlorhexidine alcoholic handrub ; wearing surgical/N95 respirator masks , as well as gloves and water-resistant gowns and visors ) to prevent contracting or spreading the SARS infection ( 9 ).
Output: background
Rotavirus , and Picobirnavirus from fecal samples of pre-weaned piglets in Northeast region of India.
Output: purpose
have become a top global priority.
Output: background
their travel itinerary ( including detailed information about all countries or regions visited ) , and clinical manifestations.
Output: method
In this study , we report the complete coding genome sequences of six FCoVs : three from faecal samples from healthy cats and three from tissue lesion samples from cats with confirmed FIP.
Output: purpose
The changes consisted of perivascular cuffing by mononuclear cells and neuronal damage.
Output: finding
Furthermore , vaccination of animals is proving to be effective in reducing transmission to humans.
Output: background
obtained from medical records , focusing on the diagnostic performance for definite PTB.
Output: method
Surprisingly every day risk is different from the generally expected potential risk according to traditional ranking of hazards ( zoonoses ) in dogs in general.
Output: background
selective pressures , and its codon adaptation to human genes are assessed.
Output: method
who are interested in MCE and want to adopt MCE as a functional unit in their integrated microsystems.
Output: purpose
In this article , we provide a preliminary evolutionary and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus.
Output: purpose
He worked as a pipe fitter.
Output: background
Most studies with coxsackieviruses and other viruses use laboratory-adapted viral strains because of their efficient replication in cell culture.
Output: background
Background : The nasal avian schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti spends part of its intravertebrate period of life within the central nervous system.
Output: background
In the present report we have compared the CNS lesions induced by JHMV in lethally infected and T cell clone protected mice.
Output: purpose
inhibited virus fusion from the avirulent NDV strain when added before the cleavage of the fusion protein.
Output: finding
sitewise gradient of amino acid diversity.
Output: purpose
However , an increasing body of evidence suggests that antigen ( Ag ) presentation might initiate within the CNS itself.
Output: background
up to two courses of RBV.
Output: method
and we hypothesized that anti-cat isotype-specific antibodies would cross react with hyena immunoglobulin epitopes.
Output: purpose
and only an attenuated influenza virus vaccine uses the nasal route.
Output: background
This paper discusses the issue of selecting the design solution that best accords with an articulated preference of multiple criteria with an acceptable performance band.
Output: purpose
while only 2/9 WT mice showed similar graft consolidation.
Output: finding
The presence of two distinct membrane topologies of the SARS-CoV E protein may provide a useful clue to the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV.
Output: finding
The need for novel therapeutic options to fight herpesvirus infections still persists.
Output: background
and hamsters ( Clostridium difficile ).
Output: purpose
The specificity of intra-and inter-species hybrids was maintained by subcloning.
Output: method
two kinds of silver nanowires ( XFJ011 ) and silver colloids ( XFJ04 ) were selected to study their inhibitory effect on TGEVinduced host cell infection in vitro.
Output: background
and to investigate their association with clinical manifestations of systemic sclerosis ( SSc ).
Output: purpose
This review describes the application of self-assembly process for the production of peptide-based vaccine candidates and the ability of these nanostructures to stimulate humoral and cellular immune responses.
Output: purpose
Shading mask is typically used to assess availability of daylight outside a residential unit and hence is an ideal parameter for assessing view obstruction.
Output: background
Coronavirus disease-2019 ( COVID-19 ) is a rapidly escalating epidemic caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Output: background
We apply this method to quantify the similarity of different stock markets.
Output: method
myalgias , and mild hypertension.
Output: purpose
while the AM strain showed more infectivity in the cerebellum in neonatal ddY mice.
Output: finding
29 ( 40.85 % ) were found to be positive by PCR assay.
Output: finding
These models are employed to evaluate the effectiveness of various control programs via vaccination and antiviral treatment.
Output: background
Iowa , North Carolina , Nebraska and Illinois.
Output: purpose
Here we describe the use of transient dominant selection as a method for introducing modifications into the IBV cDNA.
Output: purpose
inflammasome activation , and modulation of lipid signaling networks.
Output: purpose
which contribute to allergy , fibrosis , and granuloma formation.
Output: background
We now report our experiences in the fusion of both long term cultures of rat T cell clones and mouse T cell lines to rat W/Fu ( C58NT ) D. Upon fusion of rat T cell clones the hybrids obtained expressed antigen specificities identical to those of the parent clones.
Output: background
a high-fidelity patient simulator study with 40 HCP as participants evaluated the gown redesign using 2 commonly performed tasks.
Output: method
P-value < 0.001 ) and diabetes ( AOR = 1.68 ; 95 % CI ( 1.346-1.848 ) , P-value = 0.002.
Output: finding
GTases catalyze a two-step reaction in which they initially utilize GTP as a substrate to form a covalent enzyme-GMP intermediate.
Output: background
But the potential value of such restrictions has not been quantified.
Output: background
We searched Medline and EMBASE for studies evaluating these tests against polymerase chain reaction as the reference standard.
Output: method
Vaginal lactobacilli and lactoferrin represent two essential actors in the vaginal environment.
Output: background
We also report a full-length NSP4 gene sequence of human RVC from India.
Output: finding
oligodendroglial cell death and downregulation of myelin genes start days after initiation of the cuprizone diet and weeks before demyelination is obvious.
Output: purpose
Streptococcus mutans , Cryptosporidium parvum and Helicobacter pylori.
Output: background
It is released from the 1a and 1a/1b polyproteins by autoprocessing at two Q-S dipeptide bonds ( Q 2779 - S 2780 and Q 3086 - S 3087 ).
Output: background
The goal of this study was to define the role of the classical complement activation pathway in the progression of pathology in the 3xTg mouse that develops tangles in addition to fibrillar plaques ( more closely reflecting human AD pathology ) and to assess the influence of complement in a model of AD with a higher level of complement hemolytic activity.
Output: purpose
the fusion ( F ) glycoprotein which transits from a metastable pre-fusion conformation to a highly stable post-fusion structure during the membrane fusion process.
Output: background
We used a quencher to reduce nonspecific amplification.
Output: method
In this study , we report a NGS library preparation method to identify RNA viruses using the Ion Torrent PGM platform.
Output: purpose
consistent with known patterns for seasonal influenza.
Output: method
we characterized the 5 ¢ termini of the genome and the four sg mRNAs of Berne virus ( BEV ).
Output: method
can modulate the extent of IFN responses and the susceptibility to infections.
Output: background
including physicians , should contribute equally in zoonoses prevention programs ( ` One health ' approach ).
Output: finding
In addition , several accessory ORFs are also interspersed along the structural protein genes and the number and location varies among CoV species ( 25 ) ( Figure 1 ).
Output: background
we estimate IFR and CFR in China to be 0.5 % ( 95 % CI : 0.2-1.2 % ) and 1.1 % ( 95 % CI : 0.3-2.4 % ) respectively.
Output: finding
Methods : The effects on human intestinal transport of stool supematant of diarrheal calves infected with Cryptosporidium parvum were examined.
Output: method
The basic reproduction number R 0 is one of the most important concepts in modern infectious disease epidemiology.
Output: background
highly pathogenic , zoonotic paramyxoviruses that belong to the genus Henipavirus.
Output: background
We hypothesized that invasive pulmonary aspergillosis ( IPA ) may generate a distinctive proteomic signature in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ).
Output: purpose
Insertion of the foreign gene at the 3 rd position had a minimal impact on viral replication in vitro.
Output: method
In addition , patients who died during hospitalization had significantly higher medical costs ( 6421 versus 5825 US Dollars , P < 0.001 ) and shorter lengths of stay ( 13 versus 19 days , P < 0.001 ) than patients who survived.
Output: finding
from unicellular organisms to vertebrate neurons.
Output: background
In brief , 5 L of virus RNA and 5 L of random primers ( 100 µmol/L ) in a total reaction volume of 22 L were incubated at 70 C for 15 min and at 4 C for 5 minutes.
Output: method
microscopy , serology and molecular biology.
Output: method
This paper explores computational solutions for building phylogeny of species along with highlighting benefits of alignment-free methods of phylogenetics.
Output: purpose
Please cite this paper as : Salmó n-Mulanovich et al. ( 2011 ) Frequency of human bocavirus ( HBoV ) infection among children with febrile respiratory symptoms in Argentina , Nicaragua and Peru.
Output: finding
Patients who died during hospitalization were older ( 69 AE 17 versus 62 AE 19 , P < 0.001 ) and predominantly male ( 69.8 % versus 65.3 % , P < 0.001 ).
Output: finding
in particular , those against emerging infectious diseases.
Output: purpose
A sample of 227 mostly primiparous women in the third trimester of pregnancy was surveyed in a large tertiary care hospital in Beijing , China.
Output: method
and produces a possibly pseudoknotted structure whose energy is at least as low as that of any ( density-2 ) pseudoknotted structure containing the input structure.
Output: method
and will serve as an example of how such assignments can be developed or extended on other systems of interest.
Output: purpose
We describe a new technology for the molecular genotyping of microbes using a platform known commercially as the Ibis T5000.
Output: purpose
laboratory , clinical and outcome characteristics in relation to various etiologies of this syndrome.
Output: purpose
Our objective is to describe the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia compared to normal controls in the Chinese Han population.
Output: purpose
The eosinophils presented peaks in four periods after infection.
Output: finding
Human intestinal maltase ( HMA ) is an αglucosidase responsible for the hydrolysis of α-1,4-linkages from the non-reducing end of malto-oligosaccharides.
Output: background
orientation , planning , and outcomes of international social work student exchanges.
Output: purpose
or a combination of ground-glass opacities and consolidation ( 58 % ).
Output: finding
was isolated in turkey embryo kidney cells and RNA was purified for cDNA synthesis.
Output: method
We present what may be the simplest possible reliable gene network oscillator , a self-repressing gene.
Output: finding
Here we describe the epidemiological pattern for these respiratory viruses detected by DFA in 10 ' 629 nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from 8 ' 285 patients during a 12-year period ( 1998 ) ( 1999 ) ( 2000 ) ( 2001 ) ( 2002 ) ( 2003 ) ( 2004 ) ( 2005 ) ( 2006 ) ( 2007 ) ( 2008 ) ( 2009 ) ( 2010 ).
Output: method
evaluating whether viral replication is necessary for this activation.
Output: purpose
Previously , fusion of established T cell lines or clones has been claimed to be difficult.
Output: background
This is a prospective observational study of a cohort of inpatients exposed to a severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) outbreak.
Output: purpose
Background : Chronic Hepatitis B ( CHB ) remains a major problem for global public health.
Output: background
which occurred in June 2009 in China.
Output: purpose
A polymerase chain reaction-based assay for 9 respiratory viruses was performed on nasal samples.
Output: method
In the present work , we focused on the binding of E protein to nsp3 in infected cells and cell-free systems.
Output: finding
secondary , and others from an outbreak source region when control measures are considered.
Output: purpose
suggesting a role for a-casein in the establishment of casein micelles.
Output: method
hypothesising that it reduces the duration of the symptomatic period.
Output: purpose
In the present study , we developed oral and nasal DNA vaccines that carried the S1 gene and N gene of IBV delivered by attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains SL/pV-S 1 and SL/pV-N , respectively.
Output: purpose
a 19 kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoprotein.
Output: purpose
In contrast , the transmembrane Cys24 appears to have no similar function.
Output: finding
Genetic variation was defined through continuous distributions with varying shape and degree of dispersion for different disease traits.
Output: method
One-year mortality rates of ARDS between 1997 and 2011 in Taiwan.
Output: finding
Sera were collected at predefined time intervals and tested by ELISA for the presence of specific anti-cercarial IgY and IgM.
Output: method
We offer a research perspective on the next steps for the generation of vaccines.
Output: purpose
and the most prominent signs were from the respiratory system.
Output: finding
bromelain and pronase ; ( 3 ) a 55 kDa nucleocapsid protein that was phosphorylated ; ( 4 ) a 26 kDa matrix protein that was glycosylated.
Output: finding
We review here in brief several different formulations of these representations and examples of applications to diverse problems based on what this author had presented at the Second Mathematical Chemistry Workshop of the Americas in Bogota , Colombia in 2010.
Output: purpose
This phenomenon called ` synonymous codon usage bias ( SCUB ) ' reflects non-uniform usage of synonymous codons encoding the same amino acid during the translation of genes to proteins ( 2,3 ).
Output: background
Conclusions.
Output: finding
Here , we report the 3.7 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of an enteroaggregative Escherichia coli baseplate subcomplex assembled from TssK , TssF and TssG.
Output: purpose
471 ( 78.5 % ) completed all surveys while 43 ( 7.2 % ) completed none ; 150 ( 25.0 % ) reported clinical URTI.
Output: finding
as well as to case-control designs in genetically diverse populations.
Output: purpose
but seem to adopt distinct membrane topology.
Output: background
where the groups receiving higher doses shed more oocysts.
Output: finding
Methods : Bronchoscopic endobronchial biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage cell counts were obtained from ten healthy volunteers and twenty treatment resistant chronic cough patients ( 10 selected for lavage lymphocytosis ).
Output: method
The comprehensive information of small molecules and their biological activities in the PubChem database allows chemoinformatic researchers to access and make use of large-scale biological activity data to improve the precision of drug profiling.
Output: background
We review some mathematical models developed for the study of viral zoonoses in wildlife and identify areas where further modeling efforts are needed.
Output: purpose
Radiographs were reviewed.
Output: method
Purpose : To summarize the clinical and radiologic characteristics of NCIP cases and analyze the association of radiologic findings with mortality cases.
Output: purpose
of which 189 were from Riyadh and 283 were from Jeddah , Saudi Arabia.
Output: method
original research , evaluating contact isolation precautions against MDRO transmission among inpatients.
Output: method
αCoVs were all detected in various genera of insectivorous bats and clustered with diverse bat αCoV sequences previously published.
Output: finding
Here , we describe the heterologous expression of pAPN without signal peptide in BL21 ( DE3 ) pLysS host cells.
Output: purpose
( a ) Sera were collected 18 days later and tested for nAb against HRV-16 and HRV-76.
Output: method
Here we show that the ezrin membrane-actin linker interacts with S endodomain through the F1 lobe of its FERM domain and that both the eight carboxy-terminal amino-acids and a membrane-proximal cysteine cluster of S endodomain are important for this interaction in vitro.
Output: method
Suppressing the level and transcriptional activity of cccDNA might have anti-HBV effect.
Output: background
their stoichiometry and specificity of interaction is not known.
Output: background
Further analysis suggests that domains involved in E/N interaction are largely located in both carboxyl-terminal regions.
Output: finding
This study is a modeling-in-real-time of the emerging outbreak for understanding the state of the disease.
Output: purpose
Acidified milk replacer was prepared to a target pH between 4.0 and 4.5 using formic acid.
Output: method
especially among rural children , is very limited.
Output: background
as well as the impact of vaccination on both the short-term dynamics and the long-term reduction of rotavirus incidence under varying levels of coverage.
Output: method
Furthermore , we explored various spatial patterns and spatio-temporal evolution of Beijing 2003 SARS epidemic using spatial statistics such as Moran 's I and LISA.
Output: method
However , the relative importance of these antiviral immune responses and how they are related remain unclear.
Output: background
A lot of structurally diverse coumarins analogues were found to display remarkable array of affinity with the different molecular targets for antiviral agents and slight modifications around the central motif result in pronounced changes in its antiviral spectrum.
Output: background
infected and removed persons versus time.
Output: purpose
Different models were fitted for non-pandemic and pandemic periods and model goodness-of-fit was assessed using common model selection procedures.
Output: method
Hence , the visiting time of all possible visitors to a given location is the same.
Output: method
The relative risk of death or culling did not differ between treatment groups , however.
Output: finding
Three recent inhibitor-bound PLpro structures highlight the role of an extremely flexible six-residue loop in inhibitor binding.
Output: background
Results : The Maximum-Likelihood ( ML ) value of R0 was 2.28 for COVID-19 outbreak at the early stage on the ship.
Output: finding
It is possible that apoptotic bodies formed as a consequence of σ1s expression lead to reovirus uptake by dendritic cells for subsequent delivery to the mesenteric lymph node and the blood.
Output: finding
and an in-house multiplex real-time PCR assay.
Output: method
• Intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids are very effective treatments for severe ITP.
Output: finding
To gain insights into evolutionary forces shaping the CEA gene family we have analysed this gene family in 27 mammalian species including monotreme and marsupial lineages.
Output: purpose
Their therapeutic effi cacy , however , seems limited.
Output: background
The mammalian reoviruses and rotaviruses have evolved specifi c mechanisms to evade the Type I interferon ( IFN ) antiviral response.
Output: finding
and limited ( 0 < R 0 1 ) human-to-human transmissibility.
Output: finding
Among these , coronavirus infection may cause life-threatening severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ).
Output: background
the control of transmission via infectious air has become more important.
Output: background
whose HimarFT insertions clustered to four genetic loci involved in lipopolysaccharidic and capsular O-antigen biosynthesis.
Output: finding
based on their initial clinical presentation.
Output: method
Presence of myofibroblasts and lymphoid aggregation was significantly enhanced in the grafts of PTX3 KO recipients.
Output: finding
Thirtyseven children admitted with acute exacerbation of PIBO were enrolled and studied retrospectively.
Output: method
were applied to identify the spatial risks and spatial transmission trends.
Output: method
serine proteases that co-localize with HNPs in azurophil granules , are proHNP1 activating convertases.
Output: purpose
In this report , we describe the clinical and radiographic changes of rhesus monkeys following infection with 5 Â 10 6 PFU MERS-CoV Jordan-n3 / 2012.
Output: finding
Objective : This study aimed to describe the experiences of stigmatization and explore the possible factors that might be associated with stigmatization among PLHIV in Hong Kong.
Output: purpose
and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts databases.
Output: method
grew in the lung , and provided homologous and heterologous protection.
Output: background
We investigated ECoV in rectal swabs collected from thoroughbred foals in Japan.
Output: background
defined as the number of mutations separating whole genome sequences sampled from transmission pairs.
Output: purpose
Rockborn ( CDV-RO ) , on astrocytes in dissociated canine brain cell cultures.
Output: purpose
The etiology , diagnosis and management of chyloabdomen are discussed.
Output: purpose
The unpredictable and variable course of CDV-related disease may hamper correct diagnosis of infection and makes it crucial the collection of samples suitable for laboratory confirmation.
Output: background
Very limited information is currently available on the details of the active site and substrate/product binding during the catalytic cycle of these enzymes.
Output: background
The lead FY1 antibody was further modified to revert the non-germline framework amino acid changes and affinity optimize the CDRs.
Output: method
The identification of these factors is critical in the efforts to predict and lessen viral disease burden.
Output: background
The archaeal exosome is a phosphorolytic 3 -5 exoribonuclease complex.
Output: background