niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
and outcome for Weimaraners with hypertrophic osteodystrophy ( HOD ).
Output: purpose
The antibodies reported here should assist in the characterization of the structural changes that the F protein of human metapneumovirus or respiratory syncytial virus experiences during the process of membrane fusion.
Output: finding
Patients with positive results of either reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction or antibody to SARS coronavirus were defined as SARS cases and others with negative results as control cases.
Output: method
The main aim of this review is to summarize the latest findings and applications in the field of pathogen detection using microsphere-based multiplex assays.
Output: purpose
a dose trend in events of moderate or greater severity was also noted for these solicited events.
Output: finding
and how long they should be maintained.
Output: finding
and keywords for subsubjects of critical care.
Output: method
Second , the reovirus σ3 protein can bind dsRNA and prevent activation of the latent antiviral effector protein PKR.
Output: finding
however this was not statistically significant ( RR : 0.82 , CI 95 : 0.53-1.26 , p = 0.36 ).
Output: finding
potentially through breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier.
Output: finding
In this investigation , a panel of scorpion venom peptides and their derivatives were designed and chosen for assessment of their anti-HIV activities.
Output: purpose
Thus , understanding the pathways through which inflammatory monocytes migrate to the brain and their functional capacity within the CNS is critical to inform future therapeutic strategies.
Output: purpose
feline calicivirus ( FCV ) and felid herpesvirus 1 ( FeHV-1 ).
Output: method
Live vaccines are non-adjuvanted , and non-live vaccines are generally adjuvanted.
Output: background
identification of druggable targets and the final development of effective antiviral therapies.
Output: background
However , information regarding such changes in animal disease is limited In canine parvovirus infected puppies we measured the levels of acute phase proteins and changes in leukocyte phenotypes and cell traficking by flow cytometry.
Output: background
This study investigates the impacts of high-speed rail ( HSR ) on domestic air transportation in China using a new comprehensive modeling framework utilizing both demand and supply perspectives.
Output: purpose
Analyses of amino acids substitutions of the S protein sequences identified substitutions specific for genotype F strains circulating among European people.
Output: finding
The Protective Arm of the Renin-Angiotensin System ( RAS ).
Output: finding
The purpose of this form is to provide readers of your manuscript with information about your other interests that could influence how they receive and understand your work.
Output: purpose
while synchronization in G2/M inhibits viral production.
Output: finding
where each associated with distinct Gag particles.
Output: finding
A phylogenetic tree was constructed from the genome sequences.
Output: method
The absence of mRNA in unstimulated cells indicates cultured macrophages were not activated until stimulated by LPS or plastic adherence.
Output: finding
Hence , a higher redundancy has been proposed in the mechanisms promoting protective immune responses against systemic infections by herpes viruses during natural infections in humans.
Output: background
approximately 3 s. Abdominal exam showed normal liver and spleen to palpation and was nontender.
Output: finding
In this review , we discuss the current understanding of the fates of flavivirus vRNA and how this is regulated at the molecular level to achieve an optimal replication within infected cells.
Output: purpose
The use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer and soap showed a significant increase in utilized amount ( P < .0000001 ).
Output: finding
Diagnosis of PIBO was based on clinical history of acute respiratory infection followed by persistent airway obstruction and characteristic findings in high-resolution computed tomography.
Output: method
This assay was evaluated using a serum collection including 45 samples from three commercial farms from Spain.
Output: method
gallbladder , and hepatocellular cancers.
Output: background
GW3965 treatment prevented cholesterol accumulation in the perinuclear area of the infected cells.
Output: finding
Three days prior , he presented to an emergency department ( ED ) and was sent home after rehydration with normal saline with a reportedly normal chest x-ray ( CXR ).
Output: background
focus will be therefore , given on the immune response to transgene products of the tetracycline inducible promoter.
Output: method
no jurisdiction has yet developed a plan to accommodate the anticipated `` surge '' in demand for palliative care.
Output: background
Here we used myeloid cell specific A20 knockout mice to examine the role of the ubiquitin-editing protein A20 in the response of myeloid cells to IAV infection.
Output: method
Critical for the development of new treatment approaches is an improved understanding of virus-host interaction in the context of the asthmatic airway.
Output: background
as well as the pathogen 's evolutionary rate.
Output: purpose
Rotavirus infection is a major cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in infants younger than 5 y old and in particular cases of immunocompromised patients irrespective to the age of the patients.
Output: background
Postweaning body weight measurements were collected from the heifers at approximately 8 mo of age.
Output: method
The introduction of the 5H2 epitope ablated two epitopes on DENV1 EDI recognized by human MAbs ( 1F4 and 14C10 ) that strongly neutralize DENV1.
Output: finding
This investigation proposed a combined fast fluid dynamics ( FFD ) and Markov chain model for fast predicting transient particle transport indoors.
Output: purpose
1180 laboratory-confi rmed cases ( 483 deaths ; 40 % mortality ) have been reported to WHO.
Output: background
Some methods of enhancing the analytical performance of sensors and biosensors through their figures of merit are also discussed.
Output: method
'' and a culture of organizational justice.
Output: finding
excluding virus only infections , and 3 ) only bacterial infections.
Output: method
Here , we propose a simple econometric model that could be useful to predict the spread of COVID-2019.
Output: purpose
20 , 30 , and 45 days after inoculation ( dai ) and at 30-day intervals thereafter for the remainder of the 210-day experimental period.
Output: method
For this purpose , we have been constructing a knowledge base by organizing various experimental and computational observations as a collection of if-then rules.
Output: purpose
age-associated patterns of infection , and undertook phylogeographical and migration analyses to determine intercountry virus transmission after local lineage establishment.
Output: method
The detectability of different methods as well as the auxiliary diagnosis value of antibodies test for SARS-CoV-2 infection were analyzed.
Output: method
residents , fellows , and attending physicians completed written questionnaires on PPE training received during medical school and on knowledge of PPE protocols recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Output: method
This study has evaluated the efficacy of ultraviolet waveband C ( UV-C ) for disinfection of flushing-generated pathogen-laden aerosols through tests with localized disinfection systems for airborne and surface contaminations.
Output: purpose
a high-risk infectious pathogen , can cause severe acute lung injury leading to significant morbidity and mortality.
Output: background
Background : Morbidity and mortality rates of low birth weight ( LBW ) newborns at term are higher than rates in normal birth weight ( NBW ) newborns.
Output: background
The aim of this study was to establish the minimum dose and treatment duration required to ensure viral clearance from the faeces of asymptomatic virus-shedding cats.
Output: purpose
we performed in silico screening of a commercial database of more than 1,300 drug-like compounds by using receptorbased docking studies.
Output: method
to prevent the infection of V. anguillarum in flounder fish , investigated.
Output: purpose
changes following infection are central to the clinical manifestation of disease.
Output: background
with a mean R e of 1 · 16.
Output: finding
This suggests that viruses have evolved to have tremendous plasticity in the ability to form membraneassociated replication complexes and that large and numerous DMVs are not exclusively associated with efficient coronavirus replication.
Output: finding
Methods : Data were summarized from electronic patient and microbiology files.
Output: method
Thus , we speculated that knowledge of the functional changes in the NS7b and NS8 proteins during evolution may provide important information to explore the human infective property of 2019-nCoV.
Output: finding
and small scale physical analogues with water.
Output: background
geese , and swans of all ages and species.
Output: background
A total of 31 scats were analysed.
Output: method
with more than three billion doses administered since its introduction in 1921.
Output: finding
The morphology of the disease and serological as well as immunohistochemical results indicate that this disorder is different from previously known feline viral encephalitides.
Output: finding
Methods : Prospective case-control study.
Output: method
List the most important pathogens currently found on the HHS Category C list.
Output: purpose
There is currently no effective treatment available for either HFRS or HCPS.
Output: background
but also in the formulation of new testable hypotheses through detailed analysis of complex immunologic data that could not be achieved using traditional approaches alone.
Output: background
with higher R0 , and with more transmission before symptom onset.
Output: finding
virologists and infection control teams to assess the effectiveness of hospital isolation and ventilation facilities.
Output: background
Those at greatest risk for acute asthma are those with more severe airways disease and poor asthma control.
Output: background
which is characterized by elevated GFAP expression in astrocytes.
Output: background
In this mini review we discuss type III IFN signaling and its role in microbial pathogenesis with an emphasis on the work that has been conducted with bacterial pathogens.
Output: purpose
The objective of this study was to determine platelet-bound antibodies ( PBA ) by a flow cytometric assay in both healthy and thrombocytopenic cats.
Output: purpose
Upper limb was the most frequently fractured location.
Output: finding
Additionally , FMT was performed for 3 consecutive days in 5 geriatric horses with diarrhea using feces from the same healthy donor.
Output: method
the estimated total number of cumulative cases would be reduced to 1081 ( 981-1177 ) and 758 ( 697-817 ) , respectively.
Output: finding
3C-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) coronavirus has been demonstrated to be a key target for drug design against SARS.
Output: background
We analyzed data from 53 consecutive laboratory-confirmed and hospitalized COVID-19 patients ( 28 men , 25 women ; age , 19-81 years ).
Output: method
which has been exploited in photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) ( 11 , 12 ) for treatment of cancers ( 13 ) and age-related macular degeneration ( 14 ).
Output: background
The human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ( SARS-CoV ) and the NL63 coronaviruses are human respiratory pathogens for which no effective antiviral treatment exists.
Output: background
Ten reference genes were investigated for normalization of gene expression data in the shell gland of laying hens.
Output: background
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head ( ONFH ) is a common disabling complication among convalescent SARS patients who received corticosteroid therapy.
Output: purpose
and the stability during this process is discussed.
Output: method
However , only ~ 3 % of the human genome is expressed in protein ; RNA and DNA may form noncanonical secondary structures that are functionally important.
Output: background
Eighty-seven waterborne outbreaks involving extreme water-related weather events were identified and included , alongside 235 ProMED reports.
Output: method
Multiplex PCR has become the test of choice for the detection of multiple respiratory viruses in clinical specimens.
Output: background
however had an impact on virus egress.
Output: finding
as was the election of Donald Trump as US president.
Output: background
and did not differ significantly from the SYBR Green quantitative PCR assay ( p > 0.05 ).
Output: finding
Cell surface iodination identified virus-specific proteins expressed on BALB/cV primary mammary tumor cells grown in culture.
Output: finding
Objective : This study presents a preliminary report on the chest radiographic and computed tomography ( CT ) findings of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease ( COVID-19 ) pneumonia in Korea.
Output: purpose
Basic scientific research is now considered an integral component of the fight against emerging infectious diseases like Ebola virus.
Output: background
Eukaryotes and bacteria can be infected with a wide variety of RNA viruses.
Output: background
Ad12 DNA usually integrates at one chromosomal site which is not specific since Ad12 DNA can integrate at many different locations in the hamster genome.
Output: background
virologic , and epidemiologic characteristics of URIs in a population of 4 to 7 year old children followed for one year.
Output: purpose
Even with optimal treatment , mortality is about 30 % ( 1-3 ).
Output: background
Objective/Methods : An exhaustive review of literature was performed to investigate available data and evidences regarding pediatric otolaryngologic manifestations of viral systemic infections.
Output: purpose
and 70 % were females.
Output: finding
but as a consequence , a variety of different 3CLpro expression constructs and kinetic assays have been independently developed making evaluation and comparison between potential inhibitors problematic.
Output: background
Here , we report the identification of a novel bat coronavirus through surveillance of coronaviruses in wildlife.
Output: purpose
We report the clinical , virological and serological findings in dogs experimentally infected with strain CB/05.
Output: purpose
The on-chip RPA was characterized in terms of reaction time , sensitivity and inhibitory conditions.
Output: method
We report the changing epidemiology of travel-related illnesses over a 12-year period.
Output: purpose
Methods : Carrageenan-induced rat paw and xylene-induced ear oedemas were models used to investigate anti-inflammatory actions of K-601.
Output: method
Objective : The goal of this study was to characterize the radiographic presentation of children with SARS.
Output: purpose
spring source water , and water from the public water supply system.
Output: purpose
63 susceptible vectors , S v ; and infected vectors , I v.
Output: method
also plays a key role in the outcome of infection.
Output: background
Surveillance systems using influenza-specific code for reporting tend to reflect biases of both healthcare seekers and providers.
Output: finding
These samples were tested by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification and a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
Output: method
virus budding was substantially decreased and infectious virions were reduced by more than lOOO-fold in the supernatant medium.
Output: finding
live H120 + CR88 , or VG/GA-Avinew + H120 + CR88.
Output: method
tissue tropisms , and host range.
Output: method
and the correlation between cleavage and induction of cell-to-cell fusion.
Output: background
determining only a single parameter.
Output: background
This argument has profound implications because it suggests that pathogenesis in many viral infections depends on rare or de novo mutations.
Output: background
These antibodies can be concentrated and used to formulate so-called immune milk preparations.
Output: background
with the prostate cancer antigen ( PSA ) being one of many such examples.
Output: background
Distant phylogenetic species usually has greater variations in codon usage bias ( 18,19 ).
Output: background
which are the leading cause of child mortality.
Output: purpose
In the following years the role of rats and fleas and their detailed role in the transmission of plague has been discovered and experimentally verified.
Output: finding
we have invited experts in their fields to contribute articles on the status of vaccine research and development for emerging pathogens.
Output: background
allowing calculation of virus-specific attributable fractions in the exposed ( AFE ) to determine the proportion of virus-positive children whose ARI symptoms could be attributed to that particular virus.
Output: method
Here we describe a novel endonuclease IV ( Endo IV ) based assay utilizing a substrate that mimics the abasic lesions that normally occur in doublestranded DNA.
Output: purpose
Kittens ( n = 23 ) were injected with rFeIFN ( 1 MU/kg subcutaneoulsy , once a day for 3 days ) and their blood parameters were compared with those of 17 untreated cats.
Output: method
and S84A in the Friend mouse leukemia virus F-S MLV.
Output: background
thereby clamping the RNA substrate onto eIF4A and causing inhibition of the translation initiation complex.
Output: background
but the protective efficacies of these vaccines are uncertain.
Output: background
In particular the use of protein microarrays has surged as a powerful tool for large scale testing of biological samples.
Output: background
We aimed to examine whether serum YKL-40 and growth factors could be markers for PIBO exacerbation.
Output: purpose
We describe a new method for affinity purification of recombinant proteins using a dual protease protocol.
Output: purpose
product , and phosphorothioate analogues.
Output: finding
TRIM25 acts as a clamp to inhibit viral RNA chain elongation d TRIM25 restriction of influenza RNA synthesis can be reconstituted in vitro d Influenza NS1 protein antagonizes this anti-influenza activity of TRIM25 SUMMARY TRIM25 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that activates RIG-I to promote the antiviral interferon response.
Output: background
Duckweed is also fed to animals as a diet complement because of its high nutritional value.
Output: background
Inter-simple sequence repeat ( ISSR ) markers were used to assess the level and distribution of genetic diversity in 226 individuals from 15 populations of H. cordata in China.
Output: method
suspended material within this air in a hospital setting.
Output: background
The purified N protein was well folded and was predominantly alpha-helical.
Output: method
for predicting localization sites of proteins only from the information on the amino acid sequence and the source origin.
Output: purpose
or in autophagy deficient-MDBK cells.
Output: finding
Our studies reveal that alteration of the function of cellular GLTSCR2 plays a role in supporting viral replication.
Output: finding
In our study , we demonstrate that nonidentifiability in model calibrations using the confirmed-case data is the main reason for such wide variations.
Output: purpose
and reviews advances with regards to the molecular events and mechanisms of the EBOV lifecycle.
Output: purpose
based on individual-level data and transmission tree information.
Output: method
which invades the central nervous system ( CNS ) via peripheral nervous system and causes encephalomyelitis or vomiting and wasting disease ( VWD ) in sucking piglets.
Output: background
On this note , travel restrictions to and from high risk areas and/or 14 days quarantine of travelers coming from high risk areas are recommended to prevent possible importation of COVID-19.
Output: background
In the present study , we screened plasma of 88 HIV-1 infected ART naïve individuals for their neutralization potential using a standard panel of 18 pseudoviruses belonging to different subtypes and different levels of neutralization.
Output: purpose
a multi-module software package for analyzing VirScan datasets.
Output: purpose
has been approved to treat inflammatory-related diseases , such as pancreatitis.
Output: background
Producer records of disease treatment and mortality were collected 120 d following diagnosis.
Output: method
challenges , limitations , and future research needs.
Output: purpose
numerous white ovalshaped organisms were firmly embedded in the mucosa and there was thickening of intestinal wall.
Output: finding
experts and the onsite command system and organizations at regional level ; and how to solve some of those problems.
Output: background
To investigate the long-term effects of mild H1N1 influenza infection on the pulmonary function of a cohort of patients.
Output: purpose
codon known as synonymous codons.
Output: background
In this paper , the molecular connectivity indices were applied to theoretically predict the direct chemiluminescence ( CL ) behavior of chrysin and baicalein with our recently proposed discriminant function.
Output: purpose
and five viruses found in the subspecies Nyctereutes procyonoides ussuriensis in its original and newly occupied habitat or in Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis in its original habitat , respectively.
Output: background
22 , 726 , and 726 molecules per virion , respectively.
Output: finding
mouse hepatitis virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus.
Output: purpose
design of highly expressed genes and cloning vectors and reveal about the host-pathogen coevolution and adaptation of pathogens to specific hosts ( 20,21 ).
Output: background
compared to mock-treated , infected mice.
Output: finding
Here we show a transparent photonic nanostructure inspired by the longtail glasswing ( Chorinea faunus ) butterfly and demonstrate its use in intraocular pressure ( IOP ) sensors in vivo.
Output: purpose
Our primary hypothesis was that respiratory viruses were important causative pathogens in severe CAP and was associated with increased mortality when present with bacterial pathogens in mixed viral-bacterial co-infections.
Output: purpose
Pulmonary physiologic changes during pregnancy are discussed in detail elsewhere in this issue.
Output: purpose
as a monotherapy or in combination with anti-PD-1 treatment.
Output: finding
They share this function with macrophages derived from the same basic hemopoietic ( bone marrow-derived ) precursor and with parenchymal microglia that arise from a unique nonhemopoietic origin.
Output: background
for pre-and post-exposure prophylaxis of acute arenaviral infection modeled in hamsters.
Output: purpose
Our goal was to examine donor AM longevity and evaluate whether AM of recipient origin seeds the transplanted lungs.
Output: purpose
and the role of health authorities in minimizing risk to the public.
Output: purpose
Control of gastroenteritis associated with microbial infection is therefore an important aspect of preventive medicine.
Output: background
We observed a substantial delay in the onset of collagen-induced arthritis in T. brucei-infected DBA/1 mice that correlates with a drastic decrease of type II collagen titers of the different IgG isotypes in the serum.
Output: method
Two patients remained seronegative throughout the course of illness.
Output: finding
We propose that very strict compliance with established hygienic guidelines should be mandatory to avoid and prevent HBV infections.
Output: finding
The method of choice to `` freeze '' a DCL depends on the type of reaction that is used.
Output: background
This study was undertaken to clarify the role of the reninangiotensin system ( RAS ) in the progression of severe HFMD.
Output: purpose
and on the roles of viral ubiquitin-like sequences.
Output: purpose
Nancy , to examine viral replication and pathogenesis in orally inoculated mice.
Output: method
Discuss the prohibited uses of biological agents under international law.
Output: purpose
clinical trials devoted to validating the clinical applications and underlying mechanisms are needed in the future.
Output: finding
thus utilizing its highly efficient translation initiation site.
Output: method
The BALB/cV subline was used to study the molecular basis of potential virus-host interactions involving cell surface-expressed MMTV proteins.
Output: method
Antibodies generated from these aneurysmal plasma cell infiltrates showed cross-reaction to intracellular inclusions in the bronchial epithelium of a number of pathologic specimens from children with KD.
Output: background
each with a spike of a single type.
Output: finding
which may result in treatment delay and chronic lung function impairment.
Output: background
The signal sequences of these glycoproteins are located internally in the primary translation product.
Output: method
and then tested in SPF chickens.
Output: method
a cytotoxin that causes leukocyte destruction and tissue necrosis ( 1 ).
Output: background
Here , we summarize current knowledge on direct and indirect transmission routes of bat infectious agents of public health concern ( Fig 1 ).
Output: purpose
Virus prevalence was higher in local camels than in imported camels ( 224 ( 47 · 5 % ) of 472 vs 157 ( 13 · 1 % ) of 1196 ; p < 0 · 0001 ).
Output: finding
We investigated whether the surface-linked liposomal peptide was applicable to a vaccine based on cytotoxic T lymphocytes ( CTLs ) against severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) coronavirus ( SARS-CoV ).
Output: purpose
or mass spectrometry , while the introduction of closed-tube systems has resulted in rapid microbial diagnostics with a subsequently reduced contamination risk.
Output: background
This study aimed to determine the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia ( CAP ) by adding polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) to conventional methods and to describe the clinical and laboratory features between patients with bacterial pneumonia ( BP ) and viral pneumonia ( VP ).
Output: purpose
motion , skin tone , and distance variance.
Output: method
This review describes the suppressive effects of CsA on coronavirus replication.
Output: purpose
Treating affected patients with intravenous immunoglobulin is effective at reducing the rates of coronary aneurysms.
Output: background
namely a better condition may lead to worse performance.
Output: finding
and provide future perspectives on how novel model systems could be utilized to better define the role of viral pathogens in M.
Output: purpose
induces apoptosis in infected cells at late times postinfection.
Output: purpose
The theoretical domains framework ( TDF ) was used to aid thematic analysis and identify relevant enablers of and barriers to optimal PPE use.
Output: method
and examined by RT-PCR targeting the RdRp gene for the presence of CoV RNA.
Output: method
alleles across 3 distinct loci in a feline species.
Output: method
complicating its assessment as a primary pathogen.
Output: background
Cases of MERS-CoV infection were identified using 3 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention serologic tests for detection of anti-MERS-CoV antibodies.
Output: method
The acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS ) is a lethal inflammatory disorder of the lung.
Output: background
and only three samples ( 2.5 % ) collected from healthy foals were positive for ECoV.
Output: finding
All contacts were screened for MERS-CoV using polymerase chain reaction.
Output: method
We hypothesise that the local airway immune response to RSV has incidental antibacterial effects.
Output: purpose
Thus , the objective of this study was to corroborate the results of our prior clinical trial across multiple farms and to investigate the effect of lactoferrin on the morbidity and mortality of preweaned calves with naturally occurring cases of diarrhea.
Output: purpose
Findings : The early outbreak data largely follows the exponential growth.
Output: finding
However , there is increasing evidence of cross-reactivity between amyloidforming polypeptides.
Output: background
We evaluated the association between serum procalcitonin concentration at hospital admission with pathogens detected in a multicenter prospective surveillance study of adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.
Output: method
By using analytical methods we intend to uncover the dynamical properties of the 48 diseases with two routes of transmission.
Output: purpose
Objectives : We compared the expelled air dispersion distances during coughing from a human patient simulator ( HPS ) lying at 45u with and without wearing a surgical mask or N95 mask in a negative pressure isolation room.
Output: purpose
emerged in the Arabian Peninsula.
Output: background
Risk factors associated with psychological distress were identified.
Output: finding
Finally , biochemical assays also demonstrate that MPA can inhibit DNA ligases through inhibition of the second step of the reaction.
Output: finding
for use in designing an incentive structure to promote patient safety.
Output: purpose
As such , there are numerous players involved to ensure that the proteins are properly localized.
Output: background
A series of b-amino alcohol tethered 4-aminoquinoline-isatin conjugates were synthesized with the aim of probing their antimalarial structure activity relationship.
Output: purpose
Interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) is one such key cytokine.
Output: background
We identified 2481 records and 120 records were ultimately included after a first and second screening.
Output: method
In this review , self-replicating vectors are described and their applications for preclinical studies and clinical trials are discussed.
Output: purpose
discovery and structureeactivity relationship studies of the coumarin analogues as antiviral agents focusing mainly on lead optimization and its development into clinical candidates.
Output: purpose
Together , these data suggest that a single Gag complex associates `` quantally '' with an individual lipid raft microdomain to assemble functional virions during infection.
Output: finding
i.e. between infected patients and healthcare workers , and between distant locations.
Output: background
we have established The Vietnam Initiative on Zoonotic Infections ( VIZIONS ).
Output: purpose
The proportion of influenza-associated deaths was 11.3 times higher in persons age > 65 years than in the general population.
Output: finding
populations encountered distinct pathogens , and natural selection increased the prevalence of alleles that are advantageous in the new ecosystems in both host and pathogens.
Output: background
Vitamin D 3 significantly reduced the risk of laboratory confirmed URTI and may reduce the risk of clinical infections.
Output: finding
Both nasal and oropharyngeal swabs were sampled from each dog and subjected for CIRDC virus detection using multiplex PCRs.
Output: method
Our results provide important insight to our basic knowledge of immunosenescence and immune defenses to invading pathogens.
Output: finding
Escherichia coli , and Salmonella typhimurium.
Output: method
Recombinant proteins are traditionally limited to linear configuration.
Output: background
Multiplex PCR was used to identify common respiratory viruses in both sample types and the infection rate was compared between groups.
Output: method
This is followed by cleavage at the Q 3086 - S 3087 site.
Output: finding
involving both IFN induction and effector mechanisms.
Output: background
This study aimed at testing whether IL-12 profiles may be indicative of heavy metals-induced immunomodulation.
Output: purpose
small ruminants ( goats and sheep ) , poultry , and pigs.
Output: purpose
We previously identified the antiviral activities of the scorpion-venom-peptidederived mucroporin-M1 for three RNA viruses ( measles viruses , SARS-CoV , and H5N1 ).
Output: background
Therefore , the aim of the current study was to develop a diagnostic set for the detection of respiratory viruses with sensitivity as low as 1-10 copies per reaction.
Output: purpose
whereas upregulation of several immunoglobulin genes during chronic stage infection is unique to infection with the demyelinating strain.
Output: purpose
deaths and recovered for the whole country.
Output: purpose
while SIgA decreased when CTSL was knockdown or inhibited with E64.
Output: method
Viruses can disseminate via the bloodstream or through nerves.
Output: background
The present review aims at discussing the characterization and relevance of this post-translational modification that adds a new complexity in the already intricate host-apoptosis-virus triangle.
Output: purpose
The microbial screening results indicated that compounds having chloro and nitro substituents were the most active ones.
Output: finding
fusion with the outer nuclear membrane and final envelopment at the trans-Golgi network.
Output: background
we extrapolated a timescale for a relevant subset of flaviviruses whose evolutionary history , shows that different Culex-spp.
Output: method
Third , the government is providing treatment for infected individuals.
Output: method
we also examine sensitivity to assumptions about the duration of infectiousness.
Output: method
In this study , we attempted to find out protein domains on 3a that are essential for its pro-apoptotic function.
Output: purpose
we characterized the infiltrating leukocyte response to the PHA skin test in bats by examining a time-series of histological sections from PHA and saline injection areas in 41 Brazilian free-tailed bats ( Tadarida brasiliensis ).
Output: method
of which 10 are primarily associated with Culex spp. mosquitoes.
Output: method
and 2 min at 72 °C for terminal elongation ( 5 ).
Output: method
DNA is widely recognized as a double-helical structure essential in genetic information storage.
Output: background
Our study demonstrates an important fact that a better condition for individuals may yield a worse outcome for the society.
Output: finding
Furthermore , we noted the effects of extended periods of a heavy workload and daily life.
Output: finding
which can induce sickness symptoms.
Output: purpose
The in-hospital mortality rate was lowest ( 33.5 % ) in the youngest patients ( age 18-29 years ) and highest ( 68.2 % ) in the oldest patients ( > 80 years , P < 0.001 ).
Output: finding
Samples obtained from farms experiencing PED or TGE were quantified between 10 2 and 10 5 RNA copies.
Output: method
Investment in a better understanding of this human-animal interface will offer humankind a future head-start in the never-ending battle against infectious diseases.
Output: finding
we built a mathematical model of the virus transmission dynamics that takes into account the protective effect of ABO natural antibodies.
Output: method
relatively little is known about its precise mechanism of action.
Output: background
can be reduced to the corresponding amines , rendering them irreversible.
Output: background
Cases were more likely to be identified in September than October ( OR 8.07 ; 95 % CI 5.15 to 12.64 ).
Output: finding
understanding these processes is essential ( 7 ).
Output: background
Sequence analysis revealed the presence of potentially 37 and 56 coronavirus belonging to alpha-coronavirus ( αCoV ) and beta-CoV ( βCoV ) , respectively.
Output: finding
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ( ITP ) is an autoimmune disorder that causes isolated thrombocytopenia.
Output: background
Here , we present algorithmic and methodological enhancements in the Cavbase property description and in the cavity comparison step.
Output: method
and this has important implications for the growing field of medical genomics.
Output: background
and suggestions put forward for making collaborative efforts.
Output: purpose
This study describes the economic burden on patients with tuberculosis ; identifies related factors by comparing two areas with different management models ; and provides policy recommendation for tuberculosis control reform in China.
Output: purpose
The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence regarding chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19.
Output: purpose
some virus exchange was observed between countries corresponding with trade routes in the region.
Output: finding
These data will also help inform about the role of pertussis vaccination in adults.
Output: finding
Here we take advantage of the latest advances in statistical machine learning to construct 43 pathogen-risk models that automatically incorporate complex non-linear relationships 44 with minimal statistical assumptions from ecological data with missing values.
Output: method
The GP1 subunit of the surface glycoprotein ( GP ) mediates cell attachment through transferrin receptor 1 ( TfR1 ).
Output: background
however , new technology using gel diluents has entered the US market.
Output: background
The SARS-CoV spike ( S ) glycoprotein mediates membrane fusion events during virus entry and virus-induced cell-to-cell fusion.
Output: background
Conclusion/Significance : Our report shows markedly reduced NK cells in the three patients that we sampled and raises the hypothesis that NK may have a more significant role than T lymphocytes in controlling viral burden when the host is confronted with a new influenza A virus subtype.
Output: finding
the first cases of pandemic ( H1N1 ) -2009 influenza ( H1N1sw ) virus were detected in France.
Output: background
Objective evidence of an immune response to allergens is generally not present until after 2 years of age.
Output: finding
A new coronavirus ( CoV ) identified as COVID-19 virus is the etiological agent responsible 31 for the 2019-2020 viral pneumonia outbreak that commenced in Wuhan 1-4.
Output: background
A mathematical model was used to estimate the relative change of incidence among provinces and age groups.
Output: method
Moreover , trends and perspectives for future investigation of this plant are discussed.
Output: purpose
Mutian X given orally cleared the virus in 29 cats ; although four cats required a repeated course to finally stop virus shedding.
Output: finding
and on symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and depression.
Output: method
2.976 and 0.362 Mbps , which were separated by an ancient chromosome break ( 55-80 MYA ) and followed by a chromosomal inversion were annotated in detail.
Output: background
The effects of two recent crises created by unusual viral infections of the respiratory tract - the severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) epidemic caused by the novel SARS coronavirus ( 4 , 5 ) and the bird flu ( 6 ) highlight the importance of research into ARDS.
Output: background
For coronaviruses , these organelles take the form of double-membrane vesicles ( DMVs ) interconnected by a convoluted membrane network.
Output: background
an aspect which is underexplored in the literature.
Output: purpose
treatment processes , and clinical outcomes were collected.
Output: method
The present study would help us better understand the dimerizationactivity relationship of SARS-CoV 3CL pro and afford potential information for designing anti-viral compounds targeting the dimer interface of the protease.
Output: finding
of which human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) and influenza virus fusion proteins are members.
Output: background
suggesting that pre-existing biosecurity measurements could not keep up with the rate of livestock intensification ( 16 ).
Output: finding
In contrast , the lowest lymphocyte count and the ratio of PaO 2 to the fraction of inspired oxygen were lower in the SARS group.
Output: finding
Rather , our data indicate that viral mutation rates have evolved to be higher as a result of selection for viruses with faster replication kinetics.
Output: finding
which subsequently initiates downstream signaling to induce interferon-αβ ( IFNαβ ) production.
Output: background
allowing more time for preening and ingestion of oocysts.
Output: background
chemokines and type I interferon.
Output: finding
Attempts were made to grow certain viruses in organ cultures of Fallopian tube.
Output: method
which can also arise through simple mutations.
Output: finding
Con A supernatants of bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes ( bConA sup ) and recombinant human IL-2 ( rhIL-2 ) , were also assessed.
Output: method
the patients were divided into a survival group ( n = 26 ) and a fatality group ( n = 8 ).
Output: method
dynein heavy chain , fatty acid synthase and transmembrane protein 43 bound E protein.
Output: method
such as development of MERS-like symptoms or exposure to patients.
Output: purpose
influenza A and B , and parainfluenza virus 1-3.
Output: method
by determining crystal structures of prefusion RSV F bound to neutralizing human-derived antibodies AM22 and RSD5.
Output: method
Mucosal ulcerations , hemorrhage , and thrombosis occur early , followed by inflammatory changes.
Output: background
increased risk of infection of LBW as compared to NBW newborns may reflect impairments in innate immunity.
Output: background
and air trapping ( 3 % ).
Output: finding
Here we computed the number of excess cases by region and found correlation with the number of reported COVID19 cases so far.
Output: purpose
Herein , we describe the recent progress that has been made on characterizing these large RNAs and provide brief descriptions of the techniques that will be at the forefront of future advances.
Output: purpose
the virus family responsible for the most serious form of URI.
Output: purpose
Preferred mixing captures as a good approximation the assortativity of a heterogeneously mixing population.
Output: method
Bovine coronavirus ( BCoV ) is an economically signifi cant cause of enteric and respiratory diseases in cattle throughout the world.
Output: background
risk factors , mental health interventions , and its impact.
Output: method
The obtained sequences were verified by basic local alignment search tool.
Output: method
The present study examined whether the genome-length negative-strand RNA serves as a template for subgenomic mRNA synthesis.
Output: purpose
Data was analyzed from PBS-injected Trpv1-Dtr mice ( n = 3 ) or DTinjected Trpv1-Dtr mice ( n = 3 ).
Output: method
This study used SARIMAX / ( E ) GARCH volatility models to forecast visitor arrivals by air transport to New Zealand from its eight key tourist source markets the United Kingdom ( UK ) and the United States ( US ) ) and control macroeconomic factors together with global and regional structural changes.
Output: purpose
Here , we characterized this process relative to ( 1 ) specific 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA cleavage sites and ( 2 ) identity of specific upstream signaling elements in this pathway.
Output: background
Our aim was to generate immunization antibodies equivalent to those seen in plasma.
Output: purpose
aminosides , macrolides , quinolones , and cotrimoxazole.
Output: finding
medical inspection , self-declaration , and reporting by on-board staff.
Output: method
Children aged 48-96 months were followed longitudinally for 1 year.
Output: method
Animals were fixed 1 day to 4 weeks later and the spinal cords were examined by light and electron microscopy.
Output: background
such as autoimmune and metabolic disorders.
Output: background
Random amplification of partially purified vitreous fluid ( VF ) - derived nucleic acid revealed the presence of human anelloviruses in VF of SHAPU patients.
Output: background
were introduced into a prokaryotic expression vector pET32 to express recombinant PoIFN - ␥ - W ( rPoIFN - ␥ - W ) and rPoIFN - ␥ - M protein variants in Escherichia coli.
Output: method
Transchromosomic bovines ( Tc-bovines ) adaptively produce fully human polyclonal immunoglobulin ( Ig ) G antibodies after exposure to immunogenic antigen ( s ).
Output: background
Demographic and clinical data and NP swab samples were obtained from participants upon entry to the study.
Output: method
however initial chest CT were positive in only half patients.
Output: finding
but limited other clinical signs of disease.
Output: finding
There was no significant impact on commonly measured endpoints in HSD rats and B6C3F1/N mice given enrichment devices.
Output: finding
A last point of attention is the prevention of attracting wild life zoonoses via dogs to family members ( eg.
Output: finding
it is not surprising that the rocaglate Silvestrol has broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
Output: background
QSAR investigations indicated that the multi-target QSAR model was effective in describing the antimicrobial ( antibacterial and antifungal ) activity over the one-target QSAR models.
Output: finding
These results should guide future vaccine-design efforts and help elucidate the mechanisms of RSV F triggering and fusion.
Output: finding
we investigated DendoU in vivo activity.
Output: method
and the expression of M fusion protein was induced by using isopropylthio-beta-D-galactoside ( IPTG ) as inducer.
Output: method
Clinical information was retrospectively collected.
Output: method
and increasing transmission before symptoms.
Output: finding
Methods The study was cross-sectional with prospective sample collection.
Output: method
In the current study , two recombinant baculovirus were generated to express the spike ( S ) protein of SARS-like coronavirus ( SL-CoV ) isolated from bats ( vAcBS ) and the envelope ( E ) and membrane ( M ) proteins of SARS-CoV , respectively.
Output: purpose
pleural effusion , and ground-glass nodules were also seen.
Output: finding
In this study , infrared thermography ( IRT ) was assessed as a means of detecting foot-and-mouth disease virus ( FMDV ) - infected cattle before and after the development of clinical signs.
Output: purpose
Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT-reduction assay.
Output: method
In this review , we focus on the urgent need and current efforts in HEV drug development.
Output: purpose
IL-6 , IL-10 , IL-12 p40 and TNF-a by real-time PCR.
Output: method
In this study , we looked at thousands of infected cells and identified two coronavirus mutants that made half as many organelles as normal and two others that made typical numbers but smaller organelles.
Output: finding
We provide guidance to help understand and advance the search for a cure.
Output: purpose
GPs in Indonesia completed an online-based survey.
Output: method
functions , genetics , disease associations and therapeutic implications of CR1.
Output: purpose
an impervious disposable gown , and a cotton nondisposable gown , was investigated.
Output: method
Five state of the art heart rate measuring methods were re-implemented and tested with the feasibility study database.
Output: method
and public health or government offi cials.
Output: purpose
including extremely potent antibodies that PLOS Pathogens | https://doi.recognize prefusion-specific epitopes.
Output: finding
but not in unaffected family members.
Output: finding
The primary modes of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) coronavirus ( SARS-CoV ) appear to be direct mucus membrane contact with infectious droplets and through exposure to formites.
Output: background
Both viruses cause an ARDS-like picture.
Output: background
Periodic compilations of most cited articles may be useful for critical care practitioners and researches to keep abreast of important information.
Output: finding
we asked why RNA viruses have n't evolved a polymerase with a lower mutation rate.
Output: purpose
Four naïve calves were commingled with a group of six naturally infected calves and sequentially euthanized.
Output: method
Methods-All lung transplant cases between January 2000 and July 2013 performed at our center were reviewed for respiratory viral samples.
Output: method
which converts standard nucleotides in a target to AEGIS nucleotides in a product , improving hybridization.
Output: method
pathophysiology , diagnosis , prognosis and therapy of such diseases.
Output: background
Two additional specific programs are devised to calculate the psychrometrics and the thermodynamic properties of the refrigerant R134a.
Output: method
without a particular geographical distribution pattern.
Output: finding
a disease associated with infection with a mutated form of FCoV.
Output: purpose
not because they facilitate adaptation but because it is hard to be both fast and accurate and these viruses have prioritized speed over fidelity.
Output: finding
Objectives : To improve our understanding of the global epidemiology of common respiratory viruses by analysing their contemporaneous incidence at multiple sites.
Output: purpose
There were significant increases in non-fracture injuries.
Output: finding
which preferred to end with A or T.
Output: finding