niryuu/sni-each-converted huggingface dataset:
Background Paragraph: New species develop naturally through the process of natural selection . Due to natural selection, organisms with traits that better enable them to adapt to their environment will tend to survive and reproduce in greater numbers. Natural selection causes beneficial heritable traits to become more common in a population and unfavorable heritable traits to become less common. For example, a giraffe’s neck is beneficial because it allows the giraffe to reach leaves high in trees. Natural selection caused this beneficial trait to become more common than short necks. 
Story: Two different islands had animals evolving in different ways. Big island had new species develop naturally through natural selection, while Low island did not. 
Question: Which island had animals reproduce in greater numbers?
Output: Big.
Background Paragraph: For an inclined plane, the input distance is the length of the sloping surface, and the output distance is the maximum height of the inclined plane. This was illustrated in Figure above . Because the sloping surface is always greater than the height of the inclined plane, the ideal mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is always greater than 1. An inclined plane with a longer sloping surface relative to its height has a gentler slope. An inclined plane with a gentler slope has a greater mechanical advantage and requires less input force to move an object to a higher elevation. 
Story: John works as a mechanical engineer in the auto industry. He is testing three surfaces, surface A, surface B, and surface C for their usability. Surface A has a gentler slope, surface B has a steeper slope, and surface C doesn't have any sloping. He needs to figure out advantages and disadvantages of each slope. 
Question: Which surface would have longer sloping surface compared to its height, surface A or surface B?
Output: surface A.
Background Paragraph: Once again, a mutation is the change in the DNA or RNA sequence. In multicellular organisms, mutations can be subdivided into germline mutations and somatic mutations. Germline mutations occur in the DNA of sex cells, or gametes, and are therefore potentially very serious. These mutations can be passed to the next generation. If the zygote contains the mutation, every cell in the resulting organism will have that mutation. If the mutation results in a disease phenotype, the mutation causes what is called a hereditary disease. Somatic mutations , which occur in somatic, or body, cells, cannot be passed to the next generation (offspring). Mutations present in a somatic cell of an organism will be present (by DNA replication and mitosis) in all descendants of that cell. If the mutation is present in a gene that is not used in that cell type, the mutation may have no effect. On the other hand, the mutation may lead to a serious medical condition such as cancer. 
Story: Two women have just undergone different types of mutations without them being aware of it. Kim has just had a mutation in the DNA of her sex cells. Holly has had a mutation in her body cells. Both mutations would be able to be discovered if they happen to go to a doctor, and the doctor knows to look for it, but that is unlikely since the women are unaware these changes happened. 
Question: Who had a somatic mutation?
Output: Holly.
Background Paragraph: Human populations are on the rise. The human population passed the 7 billion mark in October of 2011, and will pass 8 and 9 billion probably before the middle of the century. All these people will need resources such as places to live, food to eat, and water to drink, and they will use energy and create waste. Essentially, human population growth can effect all other causes of extinction. For example, more people on the Earth means more people contributing to global warming and pollution. More people also means more clearing of land for agriculture and development. Recall that development by humans often causes habitats to be destroyed. This destruction can force species to go extinct, or move somewhere else. 
Story: There are two identical neighboring planets, Krypton and Gotham, inhabited by the same species of creature. Both civilizations utilize the same technology and have the same city structures. However, the creatures on Krypton use substantially more energy than the people on Gotham. Furthermore, the inhabitants of Krypton have started clearing more land than Gotham. 
Question: Which planet will see the extinction of less species?
Output: Gotham.
Background Paragraph: Marine pollution is a generic term for the entry into the ocean of potentially hazardous chemicals or particles. The biggest culprits are rivers and with them many agriculture fertilizer chemicals as well as livestock and human waste. The excess of oxygen-depleting chemicals leads to hypoxia and the creation of a dead zone.Marine debris, which is also known as marine litter, describes human-created waste floating in a body of water. Oceanic debris tends to accumulate at the center of gyres and coastlines, frequently washing aground where it is known as beach litter. 
Story: The Malegese Ocean is primarily connected to one river. This river is next to Hilda's farm that she has lived on for decades. Ever since she was a child, she was taught that it's important to dump excess fertilizer into the river. So, that's what she does whenever she has leftover fertilizer she isn't going to use. The Dundrin Ocean is connected to many rivers. However, these rivers are located primarily in uninhabited and natural areas of the world. There is one farm near the Dundrin, though, which is owned by Luke. Luke never disposes of any of his garbage in the ocean or rivers near his farm, and he chooses instead to store excess fertilizer for the future or properly dispose of his trash. 
Question: Which ocean will have more dead zones?
Output: The Malegese.
Background Paragraph: Many mutations have no effect on the proteins they encode. These mutations are considered neutral. Occasionally, a mutation may make a protein even better than it was before. Or the protein might help the organism adapt to a new environment. These mutations are considered beneficial. An example is a mutation that helps bacteria resist antibiotics. Bacteria with the mutation increase in numbers, so the mutation becomes more common. Other mutations are harmful. They may even be deadly. Harmful mutations often result in a protein that no longer can do its job. Some harmful mutations cause cancer or other genetic disorders. 
Story: Jenny goes to the doctor today. She has noticed a lump growing and needs to get a mammogram done. She is incredibly worried and not sure what she should do. 
Question: Given there is a helpful mutation in a bacteria, will this increase or decrease its ability to survive and/or reproduce?
Output: increase.
Background Paragraph: A major use for petroleum products is fuel for cars, trucks, airplanes, trains, and other vehicles. The chemical used are usually a mixture of compounds containing several carbon atoms in a chain. When the material is ignited, a massive amount of gas is created almost instantaneously. This increase in volume will move the pistons in an internal combustion engine to provide power. A jet plane works on a similar principle. Air comes into the front of the engine and mixes with the jet fuel. This mixture is ignited and the gases formed create a lot of pressure to push the plane forward. The idea can be seen even more clearly in the case of a rocket launch. The ignition of the fuel (either solid-state or liquid) creates gases produced under great pressure that pushes the rocket up. 
Story: Gwen is driving on a highway in her old car. It's a pretty empty highway so you can hear her car engine pretty clearly. She forgot to fill up on fuel and eventually her car stops running. She has to walk to the nearest gas station and fill up a gas can to get going again. 
Question: Will igniting fuel create a lot of gas instantly or over time?
Output: instantly.
Background Paragraph: Recall that air pollution is due to chemical substances and particles released into the air mainly by human actions. When most people think of air pollution, they think of the pollution outdoors. But it is just as easy to have indoor air pollution. Your home or school classroom probably doesn't get much fresh air. Sealing up your home reduces heating and cooling costs. But this also causes air pollution to stay trapped indoors. And people today usually spend a majority of their time indoors. So exposure to indoor air pollution can become a significant health risk. 
Story: Two neighboring cities had very different health related problems. Twin city had increased air pollution, their people experiencing all kinds of respiratory diseases, while Pine city had problems with age related diseases. 
Question: Which city had fewer people exposed to home or school classroom pollution?
Output: Pine.
Background Paragraph: No doubt you already have a good idea of what temperature is. You might say that it’s how warm or cool something feels. In physics, temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy of the particles of matter. When particles of matter move more quickly, they have more kinetic energy, so their temperature is higher. With a higher temperature, matter feels warmer. When particles move more slowly, they have less kinetic energy on average, so their temperature is lower. With a lower temperature, matter feels cooler. 
Story: David is a physicist. He teaches school children how matters and energy work. One day he was teaching them about two particles of matter, particle A and particle B. Particle A moves faster, but particle B moves slower. He was showing the children about different characteristics of moving particles. 
Question: Would particle A have higher or lower temperature than particle B?
Output: higher.
Background Paragraph: The ozone layer is contained within the stratosphere. In this layer ozone concentrations are about 2 to 8 parts per million, which is much higher than in the lower atmosphere but still very small compared to the main components of the atmosphere. It is mainly located in the lower portion of the stratosphere from about 15–35 km (9.3–21.7 mi; 49,000–115,000 ft), though the thickness varies seasonally and geographically. About 90% of the ozone in Earth's atmosphere is contained in the stratosphere. 
Story: The ozone layer helps organisms by protecting them from Sun's ultraviolet radiation. To find the usefulness of ozone layer Mike wanted to see how much ozone are there in the atmosphere. He then collected three samples of atmosphere, sample A sample B, and sample C. Sample A was collected from the upper portion of the stratosphere. Sample B was collected from the lower portion of the stratosphere. Sample C was collected from the lower atmosphere. 
Question: Would sample A have higher or lower concentration of ozone than sample B?
Output: lower.
Background Paragraph: Carbon dioxide is the most significant long-lived greenhouse gas in Earth's atmosphere. Since the Industrial Revolution anthropogenic emissions – primarily from use of fossil fuels and deforestation – have rapidly increased its concentration in the atmosphere, leading to global warming.  Carbon dioxide also causes ocean acidification because it dissolves in water to form carbonic acid. 
Story: China used alternative fuels to generate electricity, while Mongolia burned lots of fossil fuels. There were frequent debates between the two countries on this matter. 
Question: Which country caused more global warming?
Output: Mongolia.
Background Paragraph: Carbon monoxide is used in modified atmosphere packaging systems in the US, mainly with fresh meat products such as beef, pork, and fish to keep them looking fresh. The carbon monoxide combines with myoglobin to form carboxymyoglobin, a bright-cherry-red pigment. Carboxymyoglobin is more stable than the oxygenated form of myoglobin, oxymyoglobin, which can become oxidized to the brown pigment metmyoglobin. This stable red color can persist much longer than in normally packaged meat. Typical levels of carbon monoxide used in the facilities that use this process are between 0.4% to 0.5%. 
Story: Mike went to his local grocery store. He noticed that meats had two different packaging, product A and product B. When he looked closely, he found that in product A packaging carbon monoxide was used, but in product B carbon monoxide was not used. He asked the store clerk what difference it made. 
Question: Which product's color would more likely turn brown, product A or product B?
Output: product B.
Background Paragraph: Current Situation : Currently the heating effect of extra greenhouse gases (since the start of the industrial revolution) is equal to about . Thus the recent period has recorded parallel increases in concentration of carbon dioxide and average global temperature. As more greenhouse gases are put into the atmosphere the temperature will increase further. There are certain effects of a warmer Earth (discussed more in optional section), which could accelerate the process, even if no more greenhouse gases are put into the atmosphere (an unlikely prospect for the foreseeable future). 
Story: There is a local election in Troy's city and he is researching the two candidates running for mayor. Troy is a strong environmentalist who believes, above all else, that taking care of the Earth is the number one priority in anything. In his research he decides to read the environmental proposals of each candidate. Mark Hampton, one candidate, has a proposal that he says will strongly boost the city's economy by opening more industrial factories, but these will increase the carbon dioxide put into the atmosphere. Jeffrey Lindell, the other candidate, says that he wants to begin implementing solar panel farms to generate electricity to cut down on the carbon emissions the city produces. 
Question: Which candidate's proposal will cause an increase in global temperature?
Output: Mark Hampton.
Background Paragraph: Candied fruit, also known as crystallized fruit or glacé fruit, has existed since the 14th century. Whole fruit, smaller pieces of fruit, or pieces of peel, are placed in heated sugar syrup, which absorbs the moisture from within the fruit and eventually preserves it. Depending on size and type of fruit, this process of preservation can take from several days to several months.[1] This process allows the fruit to retain its quality for a year.[2]

The continual process of drenching the fruit in syrup causes the fruit to become saturated with sugar, preventing the growth of spoilage microorganisms due to the unfavourable osmotic pressure this creates.[3]. 
Story: Dan decided to preserve some fruit and roots to see how long they last before they spoil. He also bought other fruit that he plans to eat fresh. He candied plums, pears, ginger and quince, and he ate fresh apples, oranges and mango. 
Question: Which fruit have a higher sugar content candied pears or fresh apples?
Output: candied pears.
Background Paragraph: One result of air pollution is acid rain. Acid rain is precipitation with a low (acidic) pH. This rain can be very destructive to wildlife. When acid rain falls in forests, freshwater habitats, or soils, it can kill insects and aquatic life. It causes this damage because of its very low pH. Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the air both cause acid rain to form ( Figure below ). Sulfur oxides are chemicals that are released from coal-fired power plants. Nitrogen oxides are released from motor vehicle exhaust. 
Story: Bill is planning on moving soon. He wants to move to a city that has fresher air and more wildlife to see. His two options that he must choose from are St. Louis and Seattle. Recently, Seattle has installed a new wind farm, and zero emission solar farm to generate power, while St. Louis recently installed a coal fired power plant. Both cities have similar commercial and industrial sectors, and only differ in how they generate power. 
Question: Which city should Bill move to to satisfy his goals?
Output: Seattle.
Background Paragraph: Blue ice occurs when snow falls on a glacier, is compressed, and becomes part of the glacier. Air bubbles are squeezed out and ice crystals enlarge, making the ice appear blue.

Small amounts of regular ice appear to be white because of air bubbles inside them and also because small quantities of water appear to be colourless. In glaciers, the pressure causes the air bubbles to be squeezed out, increasing the density of the created ice. Large quantities of water appear to be blue, as it absorbs other colours more efficiently than blue. A large piece of compressed ice, or a glacier, similarly appears blue. 
Story: Grace has been hearing stories about some fantastic sites in the Arctic. She heard about a phenomenon called blue ice and has been wanting to see it. She has some options to go on her vacation, and has been researching them. Her two options she has narrowed down is a small lake called Tiller Lake, and a glacier called Munson Glacier. 
Question: Will Tiller Lake have more or less chance of having blue ice than Munson Glacier?
Output: less.
Background Paragraph: At birth, a rattlesnake hatchling has only a small button or 'primordial rattle' which is firmly attached to the tip of the tail.[13] The first segment is added when the hatchling sheds its skin for the first time.[14] A new section is added each time the skin is shed until a rattle is formed. The rattle grows as the snake ages but segments are also prone to breaking off and hence the length of a rattle is not a reliable indicator of the age of a snake.[15]. 
Story: Dan found three rattle snakes: one only had one rattle, the second snake had 4 rattles and the third snake had seven rattles on its tail. 
Question: Which snake had more segments, the first or the third snake Dan found?
Output: the third.
Background Paragraph: A neon light produces visible light by electroluminescence. In this process, neon or some other gas gives off light when an electric current passes through it. Other halogen gases besides neon—including krypton and argon—also produce light in this way. The word “OPEN” in the sign below is a neon light. It is a long glass tube that contains neon gas. When electricity passes through the gas, it excites electrons of neon atoms, and the electrons jump to a higher energy level. As the excited electrons return to their original energy level, they give off visible light. Neon produces red light. Other gases produce light of different colors. For example, krypton produces violet light, and argon produces blue light. 
Story: John and Jacob are both store owners hoping to attract more attention to their stores by using neon signs. Since both of them will be in their store for so many hours, they want to use neon signs that produce their favorite colors. John's favorite color is violet, while Jacob's favorite color is blue. 
Question: Who would prefer to use a krypton sign?
Output: John.
Background Paragraph: Candied fruit, also known as crystallized fruit or glacé fruit, has existed since the 14th century. Whole fruit, smaller pieces of fruit, or pieces of peel, are placed in heated sugar syrup, which absorbs the moisture from within the fruit and eventually preserves it. Depending on size and type of fruit, this process of preservation can take from several days to several months.[1] This process allows the fruit to retain its quality for a year.[2]

The continual process of drenching the fruit in syrup causes the fruit to become saturated with sugar, preventing the growth of spoilage microorganisms due to the unfavourable osmotic pressure this creates.[3]. 
Story: Dan harvested lots of fruit and decided to candy some of them to preserve them. He left some fruit fresh for the family to enjoy. He candied apples, pears, plums, and quince. He didn't candy oranges, blueberries, apricots and peaches. 
Question: Which fruit retained their quality longer, apples or oranges?
Output: apples.
Background Paragraph: Common causes of heat exhaustion include:[1]

Hot, sunny, humid weather
Physical exertion, especially in hot, humid weather
Due to impaired thermoregulation, elderly people and infants can get serious heat illness even at rest, if the weather outside is hot and humid, and they are not getting enough cool air.
Some drugs, such as diuretics, antihistamines, beta-blockers, alcohol, ecstasy, and amphetamines can cause an increase in the risk of heat exhaustion.[2]
Especially during physical exertion, risk factors for heat exhaustion include:[1]

Wearing dark, padded, or insulated clothing; hats; and/or helmets (for example, football pads or turnout gear)
Having a higher percentage of body fat
Dehydration
Fever
Some medications, like beta blockers and antipsychotic medicines[2]. 
Story: Two groups of people were out in the sunny, humid weather of Illinois. Group One wore black clothes and helmets, and Group Two wore white, light clothing. Both groups were comprised of people of all ages and fitness levels and exercised in the sun for an hour. 
Question: Which group had fewer infants experiencing heat illness?
Output: Group Two.
Background Paragraph: Generally speaking, more mafic magmas, such as those that form basalt, are hotter and less viscous than more silica-rich magmas, such as those that form rhyolite. Low viscosity leads to gentler, less explosive eruptions. 
Story: John visited Sicily to see Mount Etna eruption. He noticed that magma there formed rhyolite. He was so excited to an eruption that when next time Kilauea eruption started in Hawaii, he went to see that. He found that unlike Etna Kilauea eruption formed basalt. 
Question: Would Kilauea be less or more explosive than Etna?
Output: less.
Background Paragraph: Hepatitis B is a contagious virus that affects the liver, infection can last from a few weeks to a serious lifelong illness. Two different types of infection exist for this disease, "acute" and "chronic." Acute Hepatitis B is a short term illness that occurs within 6 months of exposure, Chronic Hepatitis B is long term and happens when the virus remains in the body. The younger the child is, the greater their chance of developing a chronic infection and this risk goes down as the child gets older. Approximately 90% of infected infants will develop a chronic infection.[3]. 
Story: A 4th grade classroom photo was held today. They all gathered by age. Helen was the oldest. Sandra was the 2nd oldest. Donna was the 3rd oldest. Carol was the 4th oldest. Ruth was the 5th oldest. Sharon was the 6th oldest. The last one was Michelle, who was the youngest. They all looked terrific that day. 
Question: Who has a greater chance of developing a chronic infection: Sharon or Michelle?
Output: Michelle.
Background Paragraph: Quicksand forms in saturated loose sand when the sand is suddenly agitated. When water in the sand cannot escape, it creates a liquefied soil that loses strength and cannot support weight. Quicksand can form in standing water or in upwards flowing water (as from an artesian spring). In the case of upwards flowing water, forces oppose the force of gravity and suspend the soil particles.

The saturated sediment may appear quite solid until a sudden change in pressure or shock initiates liquefaction. This causes the sand to form a suspension and lose strength. The cushioning of water gives quicksand, and other liquefied sediments, a spongy, fluid-like texture. Objects in liquefied sand sink to the level at which the weight of the object is equal to the weight of the displaced soil/water mix and the submerged object floats due to its buoyancy. 
Story: Rob is competing in a cross country race. After running about a mile he reached a place with two signs, sign A and sign B. Sign A says that it's a quicksand. But sign B says that it's not a quicksand. He has to decide which way to go. 
Question: Which way would not have spongy texture, sign A or sign B?
Output: sign B.
Background Paragraph: Regions on the Earth's surface (or in its atmosphere) that are high above mean sea level are referred to as high altitude. High altitude is sometimes defined to begin at 2,400 meters (8,000 ft) above sea level.[5][6][7]

At high altitude, atmospheric pressure is lower than that at sea level. This is due to two competing physical effects: gravity, which causes the air to be as close as possible to the ground; and the heat content of the air, which causes the molecules to bounce off each other and expand.[8]. 
Story: There was a competition for who can get their 25 lb drone the highest into the air. Team 60 got it 3,338 ft. Team 61 got it 4,449 ft. Team 62 go it 5,550 ft. Team 63 got it 6,661 ft. Team 64 got it 11,116 ft. Team 65 got it 12,227 ft. Team 66 got it 13,337 ft. 
Question: What team got their drone into high altitude: Team 62 or Team 65?
Output: Team 65.
Background Paragraph: About 10% of sedimentary rocks are limestones. The solubility of limestone in water and weak acid solutions leads to karst landscapes, in which water erodes the limestone over thousands to millions of years. Most cave systems are through limestone bedrock. 
Story: Bill is going on some trips this week. The first trip on Saturday is to Reginald's Peak. The next trip on Sunday is to Smuggler's Caves. He is very excited to see what both of the sites have to offer!. 
Question: On which day will Bill have a better chance to see limestone formations?
Output: Sunday.
Background Paragraph: The example of someone having a positive experience with a drug is easy to see how drug dependence and the law of effect works. The tolerance for a drug goes up as one continues to use it after having a positive experience with a certain amount the first time.[38] It will take more and more to get that same feeling. This is when the controlled substance in an experiment would have to be modified and the experiment would really begin. The law of work for psychologist B. F. Skinner almost half a century later on the principles of operant conditioning, "a learning process by which the effect, or consequence, of a response influences the future rate of production of that response.[39]. 
Story: The Rope Lopers met to discuss their experiences. They all said they always had a great experience using rope and used the same amount each time. They told how many times they used rope. Sung used it 82 times, Hank used it 72 times, Robt used it 62 times, Jerrold used it 52 times, Jonah used it 42 times, Mac used it 32 times, and Dee used it 22 times. 
Question: Who has a higher tolerance for rope: Mac or Sung?
Output: Sung.
Background Paragraph: Human beings invented agriculture about 10,000 years ago. This provided a bigger, more dependable food supply. It also allowed people to settle down in villages and cities for the first time. Birth rates went up because there was more food and settled life had other advantages. Death rates also rose because of crowded living conditions and diseases that spread from domestic animals. Because the higher birth rates were matched by higher death rates, the human population continued to grow very slowly. 
Story: Harry and Kim studied ancient humans. Kim studied a 15000 year-old settlement, before humans invented agriculture, while Harry studied a 5000 year-old village. 
Question: Which student studied about a village that had a less dependable food supply?
Output: Kim.
Background Paragraph: Communication is any way that animals share information. Many animals live in social groups. For these animals, being able to communicate is essential. Communicating increases the ability of group members to cooperate and avoid conflict. Communication may help animals work together to find food and defend themselves from predators. It also helps them find mates and care for their offspring. In addition, communication helps adult animals teach the next generation learned behaviors. Therefore, communication generally improves the chances of animals surviving and reproducing. 
Story: Manny and Dean were two classmates. They had to prepare for a school project so they decided to learn about animals. Manny studied animal communication, while Dean studied animal feeding patterns and nutrition. 
Question: Which student learned less about animals working together to find food?
Output: Dean.
Background Paragraph: Huge amounts of chemicals, such as fertilizers and pesticides, are applied to farm fields (see Figure below ). Some of the chemicals are picked up by rainwater. Runoff then carries the chemicals to nearby rivers or lakes. Dissolved fertilizer causes too much growth of water plants and algae. This can lead to dead zones where nothing can live in lakes and at the mouths of rivers. Some of the chemicals can infiltrate into groundwater. The contaminated water comes up in water wells. If people drink the polluted water, they may get sick. 
Story: John studies how chemicals affect environment. He traveled to the Amish country to see their traditional ways of farming. He noticed they don't use any fertilizers or pesticides. He labeled this part of the study as case A. Then he visited a modern farming facility where they use tons of fertilizers and pesticides. He labeled this part of the study as case B. 
Question: Would case A see more or less growth of algae than case B?
Output: less.
Background Paragraph: Regions on the Earth's surface (or in its atmosphere) that are high above mean sea level are referred to as high altitude. High altitude is sometimes defined to begin at 2,400 meters (8,000 ft) above sea level.[5][6][7]

At high altitude, atmospheric pressure is lower than that at sea level. This is due to two competing physical effects: gravity, which causes the air to be as close as possible to the ground; and the heat content of the air, which causes the molecules to bounce off each other and expand.[8]. 
Story: There was a competition for who can get their 15 lb drone the highest into the air. Team 40 got it 3,336 ft. Team 41 got it 4,447 ft. Team 42 go it 5,558 ft. Team 43 got it 6,669 ft. Team 44 got it 11,114 ft. Team 45 got it 12,225 ft. Team 46 got it 13,335 ft. 
Question: What team got their drone into high altitude: Team 42 or Team 46?
Output: Team 46.
Background Paragraph: Generally speaking, more mafic magmas, such as those that form basalt, are hotter and less viscous than more silica-rich magmas, such as those that form rhyolite. Low viscosity leads to gentler, less explosive eruptions. 
Story: John visited Sicily to see Mount Etna eruption. He noticed that magma there formed rhyolite. He was so excited to an eruption that when next time Kilauea eruption started in Hawaii, he went to see that. He found that unlike Etna Kilauea eruption formed basalt. 
Question: Would Kilauea have lower or lower or higher temperature than Etna?
Output: higher.
Background Paragraph: The dangers of global warming are being increasingly studied by a wide global consortium of scientists. These scientists are increasingly concerned about the potential long-term effects of global warming on our natural environment and on the planet. Of particular concern is how climate change and global warming caused by anthropogenic, or human-made releases of greenhouse gases, most notably carbon dioxide, can act interactively, and have adverse effects upon the planet, its natural environment and humans' existence. It is clear the planet is warming, and warming rapidly. This is due to the greenhouse effect, which is caused by greenhouse gases, which trap heat inside the Earth's atmosphere because of their more complex molecular structure which allows them to vibrate and in turn trap heat and release it back towards the Earth. This warming is also responsible for the extinction of natural habitats, which in turn leads to a reduction in wildlife population.The most recent report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (the group of the leading climate scientists in the world) concluded that the earth will warm anywhere from 2.7 to almost 11 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 to 6 degrees Celsius) between 1990 and 2100. 
Story: Two earth-like planets orbited the same star. The inhabitants of Earth I released greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Earth II, however, was much more conscious about the environment and protected it from anthropogenic changes. 
Question: Which planet caused the greenhouse effect?
Output: Earth I.
Background Paragraph: Collision theory tells us that molecules need to collide in order for a reaction to take place. All else being equal, anything that increases the frequency of collisions would also increase the rate of reaction. One way to do this is to increase the concentrations of one or more of the reactants. Using a real world example, a busy freeway will experience much more frequent car collisions than a fairly empty neighborhood street. Similarly, forcing more randomly moving molecules into the same amount of space will cause an increased number of collisions over a given length of time, providing the reactants with more opportunities to transform into products. 
Story: Rob wanted to learn more about collision theory. For that, he conducted two tests, test A and test B. In test A he used lower concentration of reactants. In test B he used higher concentration of reactants. Now, he needs to know about the science behind these tests. 
Question: Would test A increase or decrease the rate of reaction than test B?
Output: decrease.
Background Paragraph: Chemical equilibrium was studied by French chemist Henri Le Châtelier (1850-1936), and his description of how a system at equilibrium responds to a change in conditions has become known as Le Châtelier’s principle . This principle states that when a chemical system is at equilibrium and is disturbed by a stress, the system will respond by attempting to counteract that stress until a new equilibrium is established. Stresses to a chemical system include changes in the concentrations of reactants or products, changes in the temperature of the system, or changes in the pressure of the system. We will discuss each of these stresses separately. In each case, the change to the equilibrium position will cause either the forward or reverse reaction to be favored over the opposite process. When the forward reaction is favored, the concentrations of the products increase, and the concentrations of the reactants decrease. When the reverse reaction is favored, the concentrations of the products decrease, and the concentrations of the reactants increase. 
Story: John was trying to reenact Le Chatelier's principle. To that end, he conducted four tests, test A, test B, test C, and test D. In test A, he didn't input any stress to a chemical system in equilibrium. But In test B, he put some stress to the same system. In test C, he observed a forward reaction, but in test D, he observed a reverse reaction. 
Question: Would test C see higher or lower concentration of the reactants than test D?
Output: lower.
Background Paragraph: Distance decay is a geographical term which describes the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions. The distance decay effect states that the interaction between two locales declines as the distance between them increases. Once the distance is outside of the two locales' activity space, their interactions begin to decrease.

With the advent of faster travel, distance has less effect than it did in the past, except where places previously connected by now-abandoned railways, for example, have fallen off the beaten path. Advances in communications technology, such as telegraphs, telephones, broadcasting, and internet, have further decreased the effects of distance.[1]. 
Story: Chad invested massively in railways and highways over the past decade. They also funded many IT projects and telecom infrastructure. On the other hand, Bahrain invested less, and didn't do much to improve communication pathways and technologies between different villages. 
Question: Which country experiences slower travel?
Output: Bahrain.
Background Paragraph: In slippery conditions some riders prefer to ride fixed because they believe the transmission provides increased feedback on back tire grip. However, there is also an increased risk of loss of control in such conditions. This is especially so when taking into account the large number of riders who ride brakeless. These riders must brake entirely through the drivetrain. Ideally this is done by resisting the forward motion of the pedals, shedding speed while the bike is still moving. Alternatively, though far less efficiently, one can brake by stopping the motion of the pedals in mid-rotation, causing the rear wheel to lock in place, allowing the bicycle to skid and slow down from kinetic friction (see below).[22]

Descending any significant gradient is more difficult as the rider must spin the cranks at high speed (sometimes at 170 rpm or more), or use the brakes to slow down. Some consider that the enforced fast spin when descending increases suppleness or flexibility, which is said to improve pedalling performance on any type of bicycle; however the performance boost is negligible compared to the benefits of riding a free wheel.[23]. 
Story: Two brothers had bike repair shops in neighboring towns. Bob's was located in a hilly area, with more precipitation and full of bike trails, so he had more people coming in, while Rob's was in the valley, near the parks. 
Question: Which town had more cyclists riding downhill at high speeds?
Output: Bob's.
Background Paragraph: The balls used in squash are small rubber balls that can differ in terms of diameter, weight and softness. These features determine the speed and bouncing amplitude of the ball, with softer balls being generally slower than the harder balls. The temperature of the ball also affects the amount of bounce: the warmer the ball, the more it bounces.[3] Because cold squash balls have little bounce, the squash balls are hit multiple times at the beginning of a game to warm them up. It also means that a game becomes gradually faster as it advances and that softer balls may be too slow to be used in colder climates.[4]. 
Story: Thomas and Joseph, two experienced squash players, are having a disagreement about which types of squash balls they should use in their match. Both have different preferences for the type of ball used. Joseph prefers a ball that bounces less and travels more slowly. Thomas, on the other hand, prefers a ball that travels more quickly and bounces more. 
Question: Which player would prefer playing with warmer balls?
Output: Thomas.
Background Paragraph: Regions on the Earth's surface (or in its atmosphere) that are high above mean sea level are referred to as high altitude. High altitude is sometimes defined to begin at 2,400 meters (8,000 ft) above sea level.[5][6][7]

At high altitude, atmospheric pressure is lower than that at sea level. This is due to two competing physical effects: gravity, which causes the air to be as close as possible to the ground; and the heat content of the air, which causes the molecules to bounce off each other and expand.[8]. 
Story: There was a competition for who can get their purple drone the highest into the air. Team A got it 2,511 ft. Team B got it 3,511 ft. Team C go it 4,511 ft. Team D got it 5,511 ft. Team E got it 10,511 ft. Team F got it 13,511 ft. Team G got it 14,511 ft. Team G won the contest and got a gold trophy as the prize. 
Question: What team got their drone into high altitude: Team C or Team G?
Output: Team G.
Background Paragraph: Saturated hydrocarbons are given the general name of alkanes . The name of specific alkanes always ends in – ane . The first part of the name indicates how many carbon atoms each molecule of the alkane has. The smallest alkane is methane. It has just one carbon atom. The next largest is ethane with two carbon atoms. The chemical formulas and properties of methane, ethane, and other small alkanes are listed in the Table below . The boiling and melting points of alkanes are determined mainly by the number of carbon atoms they have. Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally boil and melt at higher temperatures. 
Story: Scientists are studying two alkanes in a laboratory, Mophane and Tripane. Scientists are analyzing the various characteristics of these alkanes to be used in future scientific studies. They discover that Mophane has more carbon atoms than Tripane. This information will definitely be useful in the future!. 
Question: Which alkane is smaller?
Output: Tripane.
Background Paragraph: Cholesterol can't dissolve in the blood. It has to be transported to and from the cells by carriers called lipoproteins. Low-density lipoprotein, or LDL, is known as "bad" cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as good cholesterol. When too much LDL cholesterol circulates in the blood, it can slowly build up in the inner walls of the arteries that feed the heart and brain. Together with other substances, it can form plaque, and lead to atherosclerosis. If a clot forms and blocks a narrowed artery, a heart attack or stroke can result. Cholesterol comes from the food you eat as well as being made by the body. To lower bad cholesterol, a diet low in saturated fat and dietary cholesterol should be followed. Regular aerobic exercise also lowers LDL cholesterol and increases HDL cholesterol. 
Story: Mary and Beth both went to see their blood test results. The Doc told Mary she has high cholesterol and she had to change her diet and lifestyle. Beth had a normal cholesterol level. 
Question: Which patient had higher LDL levels?
Output: Mary.
Background Paragraph: Air pollution can also indirectly cause other health issues and even deaths. Air pollutants can cause an increase in cancer including lung cancer, eye problems, and other conditions. For example, using certain chemicals on farms, such as the insecticide DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and toxic PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyl), can cause cancer. Indoors, pollutants such as radon or asbestos can also increase your cancer risk. Lastly, air pollution can lead to heart disease, including heart attack and stroke. 
Story: The health inspectors reviewed data from two villages, Key and Auburn. Key village presented higher levels of both indoor and outdoor pollution. 
Question: Which village had a lower number of health issues?
Output: Auburn.
Background Paragraph: A person with a serious brain injury usually suffers permanent brain damage. These brain injuries usually occur when an external mechanical force, such as a violent blow or jolt to the head or body, causes brain dysfunction. An object penetrating the skull, such as a bullet or a shattered piece of the skull, also can cause traumatic brain injury. As a result, the person may have trouble talking or controlling body movements. Symptoms depend on what part of the brain was injured. Serious brain injuries can also cause personality changes and problems with mental abilities such as memory. Medicines, counseling, and other treatments may help people with serious brain injuries recover from, or at least learn to cope with, their disabilities. 
Story: Tammy and Rob rode a tandem bike down the hill. They hit a large rock and fell. Tammy wound up in the hospital and was diagnosed with a serious brain injury. Rob suffered only a mild concussion. 
Question: Which person had more trouble talking?
Output: Tammy.
Background Paragraph: The traditional model of child psychology in relation to parents is called, “Classical Attachment” in which the child has a strong attachment to one figure (the mother). In alloparenting communities, attachment theory suggest that the same sort of bond is shared between the child and multiple community members.[32] This has potential advantages for the child and the parents. The child has a diversified network of caregivers which can provide intimate emotional support.[33] The parent’s cost of child rearing goes down as well as the emotional cost and cost of tangible resources. According to The US National Library of Medicine, alloparenting has proven to activate portions of the brain that are correlated with decreasing stress levels.[34]. 
Story: Different societies take care of their young differently. It often boils down to economic activities. For example, take two locations, location A and location B. Location A is a large city where life is hectic. Children are usually raised here according to classical attachment. On the other hand, location B is in the countryside where people get to see each other more often. Location B is essentially an alloparenting community. 
Question: In which location a child would most probably have multiple caregivers, location A or location B?
Output: location B.
Background Paragraph: In many ways, bacterial metabolism provides traits that are useful for ecological stability and for human society. One example is that some bacteria have the ability to fix nitrogen gas using the enzyme nitrogenase. This environmentally important trait can be found in bacteria of most metabolic types listed above. This leads to the ecologically important processes of denitrification, sulfate reduction, and acetogenesis, respectively. Bacterial metabolic processes are also important in biological responses to pollution; for example, sulfate-reducing bacteria are largely responsible for the production of the highly toxic forms of mercury (methyl- and dimethylmercury) in the environment. Non-respiratory anaerobes use fermentation to generate energy and reducing power, secreting metabolic by-products (such as ethanol in brewing) as waste. Facultative anaerobes can switch between fermentation and different terminal electron acceptors depending on the environmental conditions in which they find themselves. 
Story: Bob and Andy are two microbiologists.  They are studying bacteria: Bob studies nitrogen fixating bacteria, while Andy studies non-respiratory and facultative anaerobes. 
Question: Which researcher learned less about fermentation to generate energy?
Output: Bob.
Background Paragraph: A red giant star is a star with a mass like the Sun that is in the last phase of its life, when Hydrogen fusion reactions in the core decrease due to the lack of fuel. With the gravitational collapse of the core, the fusion reactions now occur in a shell surrounding the core. The outer layer of the star expands enormously up to 1000 times the size of the Sun. When the Sun becomes a red giant, its volume will include the orbit of Mercury and Venus and maybe even Earth. The increased size increases the luminosity even though the outer layer cools to only 3000 K or so. The cooler outer layer causes it to be a red star. After a few more million years, the star evolves into a white dwarf-planetary nebula system. 
Story: Two stars have just been discovered that are identical in terms of chemical composition. The scientist who discovered them was given the right to name them, and he chose the names Enterprise and Vader. As said before, these stars are very similar, but the main difference is that Vader is a red giant, and Enterprise is not. Scientists are very eager to study these two newly discovered stars and see if they can learn anything new from them. 
Question: Which star is farther from the end of its life?
Output: Enterprise.
Background Paragraph: During May, June, and July, the Northern Hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight because the hemisphere faces the Sun. The same is true of the Southern Hemisphere in November, December, and January. It is Earth's axial tilt that causes the Sun to be higher in the sky during the summer months, which increases the solar flux. However, due to seasonal lag, June, July, and August are the warmest months in the Northern Hemisphere while December, January, and February are the warmest months in the Southern Hemisphere. 
Story: In the year 1630 during the month of January Captain Cook began his voyage from the port of Calais in Europe, which is in the Northern Hemisphere. His intention was 
to find the mythical land in the Southern Hemisphere. After about eleven months of sailing, in December 1630, he reached Australia, which is indeed in the Southern Hemisphere. Thinking he finally reached the mythical 
land, he commenced his return voyage to Europe on June, 
1631, He reached Europe in the middle of the following year on July, 1632. 
Question: Was the Sun higher or lower in the sky in Australia when Captain Cook returned back from his voyage in the year 1632?
Output: lower.