nirantk/geneticsQA-train huggingface dataset:
Question: List proteins of lipids droplets

Context:
The perilipins are a multi-protein family that targets lipid droplet surfaces and regulates lipid storage and hydrolysis.
or the abundance of the lipid droplet coat proteins (perilipins 2, 3, 4, and 5) between treatments. 
This study investigated the lipid droplet coat proteins perilipin 1 (PLIN1) and perilipin 2 (PLIN2) localization in pig skeletal muscle and their relationship with intramuscular fat (IMF) content.
Lipid droplets of mammalian cells are coated with one or more members of the PAT protein family, which serve important functions in regulating lipolysis. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms by which PAT family members, perilipin A, adipose differentiation-related protein (ADFP), and LSDP5, control lipolysis catalyzed by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), a major lipase in adipocytes and several non-adipose cells.
The coordination of lipid storage and utilization is regulated by the perilipin family of lipid droplet coat proteins [perilipin, adipophilin/adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP), S3-12, tail-interacting protein of 47 kilodaltons (TIP47), and myocardial lipid droplet protein (MLDP)/oxidative tissues-enriched PAT protein (OXPAT)/lipid storage droplet protein 5 (LSDP5)].
 Perilipin is a member of the evolutionarily related family of PAT proteins (Perilipin, Adipophilin, TIP47), which is defined by sequence similarity and association with lipid droplets. 

Answer: perilipins
adipose differentiation-related protein
lipid storage droplet protein 5 
tail-interacting protein of 47 kilodaltons 
S3-12
Exact answer: perilipins, adipose differentiation-related protein, ADFP, LSDP5, lipid storage droplet protein 5, tail-interacting protein of 47 kilodaltons, TIP47, S3-12
Question: Which are the cardiac effects of thyronamines?

Context:
Most recently, thyroid hormone derivatives were identified, the thyronamines which are decarboxylated thyroid hormones initiating physiological actions like lowering body temperature and heart rate, thereby acting in opposite direction to the classical thyroid hormones.
Intraperitoneal or central injection of 3-T(1)AM or T(0)AM into mice, rats, or Djungarian hamsters caused various prompt effects, such as metabolic depression, hypothermia, negative chronotropy, negative inotropy, hyperglycemia, reduction of the respiratory quotient, ketonuria, and reduction of fat mass. 
Functional effects have been observed after administration of exogenous T(1)AM: in the isolated heart, a negative inotropic and chronotropic action was produced, and the resistance to ischemic injury was increased, possibly as a consequence of an action on intracellular calcium homeostasis.
Octopamine, beta-phenylethylamine, and tryptamine produced a dose-dependent negative inotropic effect as shown by reduced cardiac output (IC(50)=109 microM, 159 microM, and 242 microM, respectively). In the same preparation a similar effect was produced by thyronamine and 3-iodothyronamine, with IC(50)=94 microM and 27 microM, respectively. 
A class of thyroid hormone metabolites has dramatic physiological effects on metabolism and heart rate by still-unknown mechanisms of action. 
In the mouse, thyronamines act rapidly in a nongenomic fashion to initiate hypothermia and decrease cardiac output and heart rate.

Answer: Thyronamines have negative chronotropy, negative inotropy; in particular thyronamines are considered negative inotropic agents
In the heart, thyronamines cause negative chronotropy, negative inotropy,reduced cardiac output and resistance to ischemic injury.
Exact answer: negative chronotropy, lower heart rate, negative inotropy, negative inotropism, resistance to ischemic injury, reduced cardiac output
Question: Are retroviruses used for gene therapy?

Context:
Several immunodeficiencies have been treated successfully by stem cell-targeted, retroviral-mediated gene transfer with reconstitution of the immune system following infusion of the transduced cells.
In this work we have developed and tested a self-inactivating (SIN) gammaretroviral vector (SINfes.gp91s) containing a codon-optimized transgene (gp91(phox)) under the transcriptional control of a myeloid promoter for the gene therapy of the X-linked form of CGD (X-CGD).
 We used a lentiviral vector encoding functional WASP to genetically correct HSPCs from three WAS patients and reinfused the cells after a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen
We used a lentiviral vector to transfer a functional ARSA gene into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from three presymptomatic patients who showed genetic, biochemical, and neurophysiological evidence of late infantile MLD. 
We assessed lentiviral vectors (LVs) targeted to the EC surface marker CD105 for in vivo gene delivery.
gef and apoptin genes were cloned into a doxycycline-regulated retrovirus-mediated gene expression system.

Answer: Gene therapy is one of the most promising and active fields in therapeutic research. Gene therapy is a treatment option that introduces genetic material in vivo or ex vivo into the cells of an affected organism in order to: exchange a defective gene; manipulate a disease-related gene; or introduce an additional gene copy for overexpression of the encoded protein to generate a curative biological effect. Somatic gene therapy is gene transfer by a specific vector to a somatic cell; in contrast to germline gene therapy, the modification of the cell is restricted to the recipient and cannot be passed to her/his progeny. High efficiency of gene transfer, high specificity for the target cells, long-lasting expression of the transgene and safety without adverse reactions are the desired characteristics of an ideal vector for gene transfer.
Retroviral (gretroviral and lentiviral) vectors have now been used in more than 350 gene-therapy studies. Retroviral vectors are particularly suited for gene-correction of cells due to long-term and stable expression of the transferred transgene(s), and also because little effort is required for their cloning and production. Several monogenic inherited diseases, mostly immunodeficiencies, can now be successfully treated.
Exact answer: yes
Question: What is the extracellular core "matrisome"?

Context:
Over 300 ECM molecules have been defined as comprising the "core matrisome" in mammals through the analysis of whole genome sequences. 
Completion of genome sequences for many organisms allows a reasonably complete definition of the complement of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. In mammals this "core matrisome" comprises ∼300 proteins. 
we have developed a bioinformatic approach to predict the in silico "matrisome" defined as the ensemble of ECM proteins and associated factors. 

Answer: The "matrisome" is defined as the ensemble of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) proteins and associated factors. The core matrisome have been defined in mammals through the analysis of whole genome sequences and comprises of ~ 300 proteins.
Question: Is there any relationship between histone ubiquitylation and splicing?

Context:
histone H2B-specific deubiquitinase and demonstrate that H2B deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons.
H2B monoubiquitylation (H2BK123ub1) marks introns in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
H2B ubiquitination by facilitating splicing
pre-mRNA splicing plays a critical role in histone H2B ubiquitination
unanticipated functional link between histone H2B ubiquitination and pre-mRNA splicing

Answer: Yes, in the case of histone H2B
Exact answer: yes
Question: Which is the defective protein causing the lysosomal storage disease Fabry?

Context:
The lysosomal storage disorder Fabry disease is characterized by excessive globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) accumulation in major organs such as the heart and kidney. Defective lysosomal alpha-galactosidase A (Gla) is responsible for excessive Gb3 accumulation, and one cell sensitive to the effects of Gb3 accumulation is vascular endothelium.
Anderson-Fabry disease (referred to as Fabry disease) is an X-linked disorder characterized by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A and the subsequent accumulation in various tissues of globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)), the main substrate of the defective enzyme.
Human alpha-galactosidase A (EC 3.2.1.22; alpha-Gal A) is the lysosomal exoglycosidase responsible for the hydrolysis of terminal alpha-galactosyl residues from glycoconjugates and is the defective enzyme causing Fabry disease (McKusick 301500).
Transgenic mice expressing a human mutant alpha-galactosidase with an R301Q substitution, which was found in a patient with a variant form of Fabry disease, were established.

Answer: Anderson-Fabry disease (referred to as Fabry disease) is an X-linked disorder characterized by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A and the subsequent accumulation in various tissues of globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)), the main substrate of the defective enzyme.
Exact answer: alpha-galactosidase A
Question: What is Sotos syndrome?

Context:
Sotos syndrome is a well-known overgrowth syndrome characterized by excessive growth during childhood, macrocephaly, distinctive facial appearance and learning disability
Sotos syndrome (SoS) is a multiple anomaly, congenital disorder characterized by overgrowth, macrocephaly, distinctive facial features and variable degree of intellectual disability
Sotos syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with a distinct phenotypic spectrum including overgrowth and learning difficulties
Sotos syndrome is an overgrowth syndrome with characteristic facial gestalt and mental retardation of variable severity.
Sotos syndrome (OMIM #117550) is a congenital syndrome characterized by overgrowth with advanced bone age, macrocephaly, and learning difficulties.
Sotos syndrome is a well-described multiple anomaly syndrome characterized by overgrowth, distinctive craniofacial appearance, and variable learning disabilities.
Sotos syndrome is an overgrowth syndrome characterised by pre- and postnatal overgrowth, macrocephaly, advanced bone age, and typical facial features.
Sotos syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by pre- and postnatal overgrowth (tall stature and macrocephaly), a typical facial appearance, advanced bone age, and developmental delay
Sotos syndrome is characterised by excessive pre and postnatal growth, a variable degree of learning difficulties and a recognisable facial appearance
Sotos' syndrome, or cerebral gigantism, is a disorder of growth regulation.
Initial descriptions of Sotos syndrome included severe to mild mental retardation.
Sotos syndrome is another genetic and neurodevelopmental syndrome that can be associated with autistic as well as communication and language disorders.
Sotos syndrome is an overgrowth syndrome with characteristic facial gestalt and mental retardation of variable severity.
Sotos syndrome (OMIM #117550) is a congenital syndrome characterized by overgrowth with advanced bone age, macrocephaly, and learning difficulties.
Sotos syndrome is a well-described multiple anomaly syndrome characterized by overgrowth, distinctive craniofacial appearance, and variable learning disabilities.

Answer: Sotos syndrome is a well-known overgrowth syndrome characterized by excessive growth during childhood, macrocephaly, distinctive facial appearance and learning disability
Sotos syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with a distinct phenotypic spectrum including excessive growth during childhood, macrocephaly, distinctive facial appearance and learning disability.
Question: What is the aim of the TRAP assay?

Context:
Positive activity by the telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) was identified in cell extracts of Escherichia coli expressing a sequence-optimized hTERT gene
The regulatory role of PCDH10 in telomerase activity was confirmed by a telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay, and the biological functions of it were characterized by in vitro proliferation, migration, and invasion assays.
TRAP assay is a standard method for detecting telomerase activity in various tissues or cell lines. 
Telomerase activity was determined by TRAP assay.
The telomerase activity was evaluated by TRAP assay. 
The telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) represents an easy and rapid method for detection of telomerase activity in cells. A non-telomeric TS primer is extended by telomerase in the first step followed by the PCR amplification of the products. The PCR step renders this protocol very sensitive to detect telomerase activity at the single cell level making it compatible with the analysis of tumor samples. When run on a polyacrylamide gel, the PCR product is a characteristic ladder of bands due to the repetitive nature of telomeric DNA sequence. The densitometric analysis of the ladder allows the TRAP assay to be used for comparative quantification of telomerase activity in different samples.
Telomerase enzyme activity can be detected in whole cell lysates by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method referred to as the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). 

Answer: Telomerase enzyme activity can be detected in whole cell lysates by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method referred to as the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP).
Exact answer: Telomerase enzyme activity can be detected in whole cell lysates by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method referred to as the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP).
Question: Is zolpidem an antibiotic?

Context:
Zolpidem is a short-acting imidazopyridine hypnotic drug that is metabolized mainly by CYP3A4.
FGIN-1-27 and alpidem, like the neurosteroid 3 alpha,21-dehydroxy-5 alpha-pregnane-20-one (THDOC), clonazepam and zolpidem (the direct allosteric modulators of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors) delay the onset of isoniazid and metrazol-induced convulsions.
olpidem is a new, short-acting hypnotic of imidazopyridine structure which binds selectively to a subpopulation of receptors involved in the action of benzodiazepines [omega 1 (BZ1) sites of the gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors]
lpidem is a new, short-acting hypnotic of imidazopyridine structure which binds selectively to a subpopulation of receptors involved in the action of benzodiazepines [omega 1 (BZ1) sites of the gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors]
In contrast, after repeated treatment with zolpidem, there was no change in its ability to produce sedative and anticonvulsant effects.
Zolpidem, a novel nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic. I. Neuropharmacological and behavioral effects.
Zolpidem [N,N,6-trimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetamide hemitartrate] is reported to be a rapid onset, short duration hypnotic that interacts at the benzodiazepine recognition site.
The imidazopyridine zolpidem is a short-acting hypnotic chemically distinct from benzodiazepines (BZs).
According to its peculiar neuropharmacologic activity (selectivity for the omega 1-BZ receptors), zolpidem is expected to be a pure hypnotic, without the other effects of BZs.

Answer: No, zolpidem is a short-acting imidazopyridine hypnotic drug
Exact answer: no
Question: Which SWI/SNF protein complex subunit has been demonstrated to interact with the FANCA gene product?

Context:
Fanconi anemia protein, FANCA, associates with BRG1, a component of the human SWI/SNF complex
We identified an interaction between the FA protein, FANCA and brm-related gene 1 (BRG1) product. BRG1 is a subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, which remodels chromatin structure through a DNA-dependent ATPase activity
FANCA was demonstrated to associate with the endogenous SWI/SNF complex
FANCA may recruit the SWI/SNF complex to target genes, thereby enabling coupled nuclear functions such as transcription and DNA repair
Fanconi anemia protein, FANCA, associates with BRG1, a component of the human SWI/SNF complex.
We identified an interaction between the FA protein, FANCA and brm-related gene 1 (BRG1) product.
Finally, we demonstrated co-localization in the nucleus between transfected FANCA and BRG1.
We identified an interaction between the FA protein, FANCA and brm-related gene 1 (BRG1) product
Finally, we demonstrated co-localization in the nucleus between transfected FANCA and BRG1

Answer: The Fanconi anemia protein FANCA has been shown to interact with the brm-related gene 1 (BRG1) product. BRG1 is a subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, which remodels chromatin structure through a DNA-dependent ATPase activity.
FANCA was demonstrated to associate with the endogenous SWI/SNF complexFANCA may recruit the SWI/SNF complex to target genes, thereby enabling coupled nuclear functions such as transcription and DNA repair
Exact answer: BRG1
Question: What is Prudent Diet?

Context:
Long-term diet was assessed by using FFQs every 4 y since 1986. Prudent (high in vegetables) and Western (high in meats) patterns were identified by using a principal component analysis.
The Prudent dietary pattern was characterised by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, whole grain products and low intakes of refined grain products and the Western dietary pattern, by high intakes of refined grain products, desserts, sweets and processed meats.
aerobic exercise combined with diet recommendations (saturated/trans fat intake less than 10% of total calories and cholesterol less than 300 mg/day and/or fiber intake ≥ 25 g/day in women and ≥ 35 grams per day in men
 a prudent pattern (high in fish, peas, honey, nuts, juice, dry fruits, vegetable oil, liver and organic meat, and coconuts and low in hydrogenated fat and non-leafy vegetables)
 The prudent pattern was characterized by higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, poultry, and whole grains, while the Western pattern was characterized by higher intakes of red and processed meats, sweets and desserts, french fries, and refined grains.

Answer: The Prudent dietary pattern is characterised by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, whole grain products and low intakes of refined grain products, legumes, fish, poultry. Generally recommendations are to use saturated/trans fat intake less than 10% of total calories and cholesterol less than 300 mg/day and/or fiber intake ≥ 25 g/day in women and ≥ 35 grams per day in men.
Question: Is dexamethasone recommended for treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage?

Context:
Dexamethasone and other glucocorticoids should be avoided. 
During the third interim analysis, the death rate at the 21st day was identical in the two groups (dexamethasone vs. placebo, 21 of 46 vs. 21 of 47; chi-square = 0.01, P = 0.93). In contrast, the rate of complications (mostly infections and complications of diabetes) was much higher in the dexamethasone group (chi-square = 10.89, P less than 0.001), leading to early termination of the study. In the light of the absence of a demonstrable beneficial effect and the presence of a significant harmful effect, current practices of using dexamethasone for treatment of primary supratentorial hemorrhage should be reconsidered.
In the light of the absence of a demonstrable beneficial effect and the presence of a significant harmful effect, current practices of using dexamethasone for treatment of primary supratentorial hemorrhage should be reconsidered.

Answer: No. Dexamethasone and other glucocorticoids should be avoided for treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage because they do not improve patient outcome and are associated with increased risk of side effects.
Exact answer: no
Question: Are CD44 variants (CD44v) associated with poor prognosis of metastasis?

Context:
CD44 variants and prognosis
The CD44 variant (CD44v) isoforms have been noted as markers for tumour metastasis and prognosis in several adenocarcinomas.
Positive CD44v3 expression was associated with more advanced pathological stage and poorer prognosis than negative CD44v3 expression
CD44v6 expression in the adenocarcinoma component may directly affect the behavior of carcinoma and the prognosis of patients
D44 variant 6 in endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus: its expression in the adenocarcinoma component is an independent prognostic marker
CD44v5 expression is independently positively correlated with the aggressiveness of thymic epithelial tumors. The expression of CD44v5 may be a potential trigger of tumor invasion in thymomas
analysis of CD44v expression provides indications of biological and clinical relevance also in low grade lymphoproliferative disorders
clinical relevance of CD44 variant isoform expression on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CD44 variants and its association with survival in pancreatic cancer
CD44 variant 6(v6) molecule has been noted as a marker for tumor metastasis and prognosis in several tumors
CD44v2 and CD44v6 may be useful markers for poor prognosis in curatively resected primary pancreatic cancer
CD44v8-10 may play an important role in the adhesion of tumor cells to the capillaries of distant organs in the metastatic process, and that immunohistochemical detection of CD44v8-10 may be a biologic marker of prognostic significance.
combined expression of CD44v8-10 and SLX may be a biologic marker of prognostic significance
variant isoforms (CD44v) are expressed on different malignant cells and tissues. Their upregulation has been implicated, in the progression and metastasis of malignomas.
expression of the CD44 variant exon 6 is associated with lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer
a number of variant forms of CD44 are frequently expressed, although these variants are infrequently expressed in normal lung tissue, and that the expression of CD44v6 is particularly associated with lymph node metastasis in NSCLC
Expression of CD44v6 may suggest an increased risk for local lymph node metastasis in NSCLCs
different CD44 isoforms are found in human skin cancers and are modulated during carcinogenesis
D44 isoforms correlate with cellular differentiation but not with prognosis in human breast cancer
Correlations between prognosis and expression of CD44v have been reported for gastric and colon carcinoma, for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and recently for breast carcinoma
Certain splice variants (CD44v) can promote the metastatic behaviour of cancer cells. In human colon and breast cancer the presence of epitopes encoded by exon v6 on primary resected tumour material indicates poor prognosis
In human mammary carcinomas and colorectal carcinomas, the expression of CD44v has also been correlated with more progressed tumor stages.

Answer: Yes, several isoforms (obtained by by usage of ten variant exons in various combinations) have been causally related to metastasis.
Exact answer: yes
Question: Is there a crystal structure of Greek Goat Encephalitis?

Context:

Answer: Based on results no crustal structure of Greek Goat Encephalitis found.
Exact answer: no