Query: molecular distillation

title: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Properties of Grapefruit Essential Oil Prepared by Molecular Distillation
abstract: Grapefruit essential oil has been proven to have wide range of bioactivities. However, bioactivity of its molecular distillate has not been well studied. In this study, a light phase oil was obtained by molecular distillation from cold pressed grapefruit essential oil and GC MS was used to identify its chemical composition. The antimicrobial activity of the light phase oil was tested by filter paper diffusion method, and the anticancer activity was determined by the Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK 8) assay. Twenty four components were detected with a total relative content of 99.74% including 97.48% of terpenes and 1.66% of oxygenated terpenes. The light phase oil had the best antimicrobial effect on Bacillus subtilis, followed by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonellaty phimurium. DPPH and ABTS assays demonstrated that the light phase oil had good antioxidant activity. The CCK 8 assay of cell proliferation showed that the light phase oil had a good inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG2 liver cancer cells and HCT116 colon cancer cells.

title: Enrichmnent of patchoulol extracted from patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil by molecular distillation using response surface and artificial neural network models
abstract: This work seeks to optimize the process of molecular distillation of patchouli oil to obtain patchoulol rich fractions, using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) Optimal conditions obtained by the central composite planning were evaporation temperature of 85 degC, condenser temperature of 10 degC, and agitation speed of 600 RPM. The conditions above generated a concentration of 62.344% of patchoulol in the residue, reaching a recovery of 74.22% Results obtained by the ANN demonstrated a good predictive capacity, and can be used in conjunction with the RSM for the modeling of the patchoulol enrichment process.

title: Influence of molecular distillation on antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of rose essential oils
abstract: Chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils (REOs) of roses including Rosa damascene (RD) Rosa centifolia (RC) Rosa pomponia (RP) and Rosa chinensis Jacq "Crimson Glory" H. T. (CG) and their fractions obtained through molecular distillation (MD) were investigated. The major constitutes were: b citronellol and nonadecane in RDEO, RCEO and RPEO, 1 nonadecene and nonadecane in CGEO. After MD, a larger proportion of more volatile compounds existed in the distillates relative to their original oils and residues. The REOs and fractions exhibited not only moderate antioxidant activities in the 1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 2,2' azino bis (3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and reducing power assays, but also obvious broad spectrum antimicrobial activities towards the seven tested microorganisms. Notably, the higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were observed for the distillates of RDEO, RCEO and RPEO. Moreover, the active antioxidant constitutes in the REOs were characterized as eugenol and methyl eugenol, and the potential antimicrobial components were linalool, phenethyl alcohol, b citronellol, geraniol, eugenol and methyl eugenol. Results demonstrated that MD could be used to obtain fractions from REOs with higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and the distillates of RDEO, RCEO and RPEO have potential to act as novel natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

title: Effectively improve the quality of camellia oil by the combination of supercritical fluid extraction and molecular distillation (SFE MD)
abstract: Abstraction In this study, the combination of supercritical fluid extraction and molecular distillation (SFE MD) was used to improve the quality of camellia oil. A series of important process parameters were investigated to obtain high quality camellia oil. Compared with the camellia oil produced by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) the acid value of camellia oil obtained by SFE MD was significantly decreased to 0.63 0.01 from 2.93 0.01 mg KOH/g oil, without any change of their fatty acid compositions. Furthermore, unsaponifiable matters of camellia oil such as g tocopherol, b sitosterol and squalene could be effectively preserved and there were no residual harmful substances. The technology provided in this study is effective, economical and environment friendly and could be replicated in an industrial scale.

title: Highly concentrated omega 3 fatty acid ethyl esters by urea complexation and molecular distillation.
abstract: Raya liver deodorized oil contains high concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) The present study investigated the processes of urea complexation (UC) and molecular distillation (MD) to determine the most adequate operation conditions for each process, separately and together, aiming to obtain highly concentrated EPA, DPA and DHA ethyl esters with chemical indicator values permitted by the current legislation for edible oils.  In the second stage of MD, a concentration of 820.27 g kg 1 in the distillate and 951.06 g kg 1 of omega 3 fatty acid ethyl esters in the residue was obtained. The distillate showed values of free fatty acids, peroxide and p anisidine lower than the maximum allowed for edible oils in accordance with the current legislation.  The use of UC and MD together has revealed a significant improvement in the total concentration of omega 3 fatty acid ethyl esters in the final product and good application prospects.

title: Removal of phthalic acid esters from sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. pulp oil by steam distillation and molecular distillation.
abstract: Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. pulp oils (SPOs) are rich in a variety of beneficial bioactive ingredients. Nevertheless, SPOs would be exposed to plastic equipment during processing, resulted in increasing phthalates contents and edible risk, as well as affecting oil quality. For these reasons, the effects of two stages steam distillation (SD2) and two stages molecular distillation (MD2) on phthalic acid esters (PAEs) content were investigated and compared in the present work. Compared with SD2, MD2 showed higher removal rates of seven selected PAEs from the SPO. Even if the initial concentration of DBP and DEHP in R SPO were 1.626 and 10.933 mg/kg respectively, the concentration of DBP and DINP could be reduced below the limit set by China government after treated with MD2. Besides that, there was no trans fatty acids generated in SPO during the distillation process.

title: An optimized separation process of microalgal lipidic products by molecular distillation: Techno economic analysis
abstract: Microalgae are a sustainable rich source of high added value metabolites, as omega 3 and carotenoids, for their ability to grow and accumulate these compounds also in wastewaters or in seawaters. Molecular distillation is a valid techinque respect to conventional distillation for fractionation of these thermosensitive products without affecting their nutritional and biological values. In this work a fractionation process using molecular distillation for separating fatty acids (in part omega 3) as esters and carotenoids from a microalgal lipidic extract, was designed and optimized. A Response Surface Method (RSM) analysis was carried out in order to find the optimal operative conditions of the molecular distiller in terms of temperature, pressure and purification ability. Furthermore, to complete the process scheme, also the design of the other equipments, including in particular the esterification reactor and the dewatering column, was done. In order to complete the feasibility study of the process, an estimation of the Operating Expense (OPEX) and Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) using the results of the simulations in terms of energy and utilities' consumption, was done. All of these informations, both technical and economical, will be the basis for future industrial implementations of the designed process.

title: Antioxidant activity of rosemary essential oil fractions obtained by molecular distillation and their effect on oxidative stability of sunflower oil.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of rosemary essential oil fractions obtained by molecular distillation (MD) and investigate their effect on the oxidative stability of sunflower oil. MD fractions were prepared in a series of low pressure stages where rosemary essential oil was the first feed. Subsequently, a distillate (D1) and residue (R1) were obtained and the residue fraction from the previous stage used as the feed for the next. The residue fractions had the largest capacity to capture free radicals, and the lowest peroxide values, conjugated dienes and conjugated trienes. The antioxidant activity of the fractions was due to oxygenated monoterpenes, specifically a terpineol and cis sabinene hydrate. Oxidative stability results showed the residues (R1 and R4) and butylated hydroxytoluene had greater antioxidant activity than either the distillate fractions or original rosemary essential oil. The residue fractions obtained by short path MD of rosemary essential oil could be used as a natural antioxidants by the food industry.

title: Molecular distillation of olive pomace oil Multiobjective optimization for tocopherol and squalene
abstract: Olive pomace oil was distilled using a laboratory scale molecular distillation unit aiming a successful separation of squalene. Pressures were 0.02, 0.1 and 0.5 mbar, and temperatures ranged from 160 to 240 degC. Changes in total tocopherol and squalene concentrations of distilled olive pomace oils were monitored. Initial squalene concentration of 10613.1 mg kg 1 was succesfully reduced to 54.58 mg kg 1 at 0.02 mbar and 240 degC which corresponds to a reduction of 99.49% of initial. However, total tocopherol concentration also reduced to 20.2 mg kg 1 from an initial of 204.93 mg kg 1 at the same conditions. Similarly, an unfortunate loss of tocopherols with 90.14% at T 240 degC and P 0.02 mbar was observed. As being important antioxidants, tocopherols are desired to remain in oil; therefore, a multiobjective optimization (MOO) was performed to keep tocopherols in the oil at maximum, while minimizing squalene concentration. With an interactive MOO method, namely NIMBUS, 20 different alternative conditions could be generated. 9 of 20 paths could be considered as feasible and applicable for executing both objectives. One of the optimized conditions was 160 degC and 0.072 mbar where the highest tocopherol concentration of 204.721 mg kg 1 was obtained while squalene concentration was reduced to 3741.586 mg kg 1 in oil.

title: Short chain esters enriched biofuel obtained from vegetable oil using molecular distillation
abstract: Aviation fuels used in gas turbine engine powered aircraft are mainly obtained from the distillation of mineral oil. These jet fuel molecules present carbon chain length of C8 to C16 in the same range of fossil kerosene and have high calorific values and a great cold behaviour. With the increase in consumption of jet fuels, it has become extremely important to develop alternative fuels with adequate properties that could be capable of fulfilling the aviation industry requirements. In this context, aviation alternative fuel originated from sustainable raw materials must meet a set of safety requirements and should exhibit similar physicochemical properties to mineral kerosene. In this study the production of a short chain esters enriched biofuel using molecular distillation of FAME obtained from babassu oil was evaluated. Operational conditions were assessed to obtain high mass yields and high ester content in the carbon chain length range of kerosene. A fuel with properties close to those of aviation biofuels was obtained at 140 degC. At this temperature, more than 80% of the esters in the product composition were within the desired range and there was a mass recovery higher than 88% In addition, the short chain esters enriched biofuel was blended with fossil kerosene at different concentrations and its properties were analyzed in order to study the effects of the gradual addition of this biofuel stream to commercial aviation kerosene. Density, heating value, freezing temperature, and pour point were evaluated. A mixture up to 6.0% g/g accomplished the specification limits established by ASTM D1655. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved