Query: Review article on nanosuspension

title: ISSN: 2278 1374 Review Article Nanosuspension Formulation: An Improved Drug Delivery System
abstract: Nanotechnology is the science that deals with the process that occurs at molecular level and of nano length scale size. Nano refers to the particle size range of 1 1000 nm. Nanosuspensions are coming under nanotechnology. A pharmaceutical nanosuspension is defined as very finely colloid, biphasic, dispersed solid drug particles in an aqueous vehicle, size below 1 um stabilized by surfactants and polymers prepared by suitable methods for drug delivery applications. It provides efficient delivery of hydrophobic drugs and increases the bioavailability. Nanosuspension is an attractive and promising technology to improve poor solubility and bioavailability of the drugs. This review article describes the methodsof preparation, characterization and applications of nanosuspensions in the field of pharmaceutical sciences.

title: ISSN: 2278 1374 Review Article Nanosuspension Technology in Drug Delivery System
abstract: Numbers of drug candidates are identified in drug discovery programs, but most of them are fairly poorly soluble. This challenges in pharma research to develop novel approaches to achieve a high solubility, stability and bioavailability of the drugs. Nanosuspensions are important carriers to develop novel drug formulations. Few techniques such as precipitation methods, milling methods and homogenization methods are developed to produce nanosuspension (NS) and have been successfully employed in large scale production. The benefits of NS are total avoidance of organic solvents during the production process and could be effectively used for large scale production. The advantages of nanosuspensions are (a) improved drug dispersibility and drug solubilization, increased therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxicity. Therefore, the present review described about achievements of nanosuspensions in drug delivery system in order to improve the solubility, stability and bioavailability of the drugs.

title: Review Article NANOSUSPENSION: A PROMISING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
abstract: Solubility proves to be a major hurdle for the successful development and commercialization of new drug products. Since 40% of the active substances being identified through the new paradigm in high throughput screening are lipophilic. So, its viability as a potential new drug candidate reduces manifold. Because of this limitation, many pharmacologically active molecules have failed to reach the market. Therefore, Nanosuspensions have emerged as a promising strategy for the efficient delivery of hydrophobic drugs because of their versatile features and unique advantages. Techniques such as media milling and high pressure homogenization have been used commercially for producing nanosuspensions. Recently, the engineering of nanosuspensions employing emulsions and microemulsions as templates has been addressed in the literature. The unique features of nanosuspensions have enabled their use in various dosage forms, including specialized delivery systems such as mucoadhesive hydrogels. Rapid strides have been made in the delivery of nanosuspensions by parenteral, per oral, ocular and pulmonary routes. Currently, efforts are being directed to extending their applications in site specific drug delivery. The following work deals with the special features of nanosuspensions, the preparation methods, advantages of such methods, characterization of nanosuspensions, patents, marketed products and their applications for hoping to make easy, the future research in this area.

title: Nanosuspension in Drug Delivery A Review
abstract: Nanotechnology is the science that deals with the process that occurs at molecular level and of nano length scale size. Nano refers to the particle size range of 1 1000 nm. Nanosuspensions are coming under nanotechnology. A pharmaceutical Nanosuspension is defined as very finely colloid, biphasic, dispersed solid drug particles in an aqueous vehicle, size below 1 mm stabilized by surfactants and polymers prepared by suitable methods for drug delivery applications. It provides efficient delivery of hydrophobic drugs and increases the bioavailability. Nanosuspension is an attractive and promising technology to improve poor solubility and bioavailability of the drugs. This review article describes the methods of preparation, and applications of nanosuspensions in the field of pharmaceutical sciences.

title: NANOSUSPENSION OF A DRUG AND ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY A REVIEW
abstract: With the modern technologies, a large number of drugs have been discovered which have better efficiency but their clinical applications are restricted due to poor solubility. Nearly 40% of the drugs have poor solubility. Poor water solubility has become a leading challenge for formulation of these compounds. Poor solubility is generally associated with poor bioavailability. Nanosuspension has the potential to overcome this issue. This review article outlines various techniques involved for preparation of nanosuspension and the enhancement of biological activities of drug when formulated into nanosuspension.

title: A REVIEW ON HERBAL DRUG NANOSUSPENSION
abstract: Nanosuspensions are important carriers to develop a novel drug formulation. Large proportions of newly discovered drugs are water insoluble, and therefore poorly bioavailable contributing to deserted development effort. The use of drug nanosuspension is a universal formulation approach to increase the therapeutic performance of these drugs in any route of administration. Poorly water Solubility and poor bioavailability of drugs can be improved by the nanosuspension technology. Medicinal plants or their phyto compunds are frequently considered to be less toxic and free from side effects than synthetic drugs. But formulation aspects of Medicinal plants or their phytocompunds are limited due to its poor water solubility. This article mainly focused on the nanosuspension plant natural products and their biological activities.

title: Nanosuspension: An approach to enhance solubility of drugs
abstract: One of the major problems associated with poorly soluble drugs is very low bioavailability. The problem is even more complex for drugs like itraconazole, simvastatin, and carbamazepine which are poorly soluble in both aqueous and nonaqueous media, belonging to BCS class II as classified by biopharmaceutical classification system. Formulation as nanosuspension is an attractive and promising alternative to solve these problems. Nanosuspension consists of the pure poorly water soluble drug without any matrix material suspended in dispersion. Preparation of nanosuspension is simple and applicable to all drugs which are water insoluble. A nanosuspension not only solves the problems of poor solubility and bioavailability, but also alters the pharmacokinetics of drug and thus improves drug safety and efficacy. This review article describes the preparation methods, characterization, and applications of the nanosuspension.

title: The impact of Critical Variables on properties of Nanosuspension: AReview
abstract: Solubility is a major problem for the successful development and commercialization of new drug products. At present about 40% of drugs in the development pipelines and approximately 70% of drugs coming from synthesis are poorly soluble. Number of approaches are available for addressing the issues of low aqueous solubility. Among them nanosuspension has gain popularity in pharmaceutical industry in the last 10 years, because of their unique advantages. Nanosuspensions are defined as sub micron colloidal dispersions of nanosized pure drug particles that are stabilized by a suitable polymer and/or surfactant and have a particle size of 1 1000 nm. Top down and bottom up technologies are the two primary approaches for nanosuspension production. This review article focus on different top down and bottom up technologies for the production of nanosuspension. The core objective of this review article is to focus on different critical variables affecting functional properties of nanosuspension.

title: Approaches to Improve Atorvastatin Calcium Bioavailability A Review H Review
abstract: Poor bioavailability is one among major challenges faced by the pharmaceutical drugs in the dosage form development. Atorvastatin (AST) is one among such challenging drugs facing poor bioavailability due to poor solubility. The objective of this article is to review the literature published in the selected search engines about the solubility bioavailability enhancement of AST. Literature was searched in the four databases Science direct, PubMed, Google scholar, and BASE engine. Seventy one articles related to atorvastatin formulations were selected from which 26 articles related to bioavailability enhancement were discussed. Further, various method of estimation of AST alone and in formulations were also compiled.  researches that the bioavailability could be improved by several methods including solid dispersion co crystallization, Microspheres, solid lipid nanoparticles, co solvency, and nanosuspension, self nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEEDS) Further, simple UV and HPLC methods could be used for the estimation of AST alone and in combination.

title: Nanosuspension Formulation: An Improved Drug Delivery System
abstract: Nanotechnology is the science that deals with the process that occurs at molecular level and of nano length scale size. Nano refers to the particle size range of 1 1000 nm. Nanosuspensions are coming under nanotechnology. A pharmaceutical nanosuspension is defined as very finely colloid, biphasic, dispersed solid drug particles in an aqueous vehicle, size below 1 mm stabilized by surfactants and polymers prepared by suitable methods for drug delivery applications. It provides efficient delivery of hydrophobic drugs and increases the bioavailability. Nanosuspension is an attractive and promising technology to improve poor solubility and bioavailability of the drugs. This review article describes the methodsof preparation, characterization and applications of nanosuspensions in the field of pharmaceutical sciences.  Nanosuspension is submicron colloidal dispersion of drug particles. A pharmaceutical nanosuspension is defined as very finely colloid 1 biphasic 2 dispersed solid drug particles in an aqueous vehicle, size below 1 mm stabilized by surfactants 3 and polymers 4 prepared by suitable methods for drug delivery 5 applications. Nanosuspension have revealed their potential to solve the problem 6 associated with the delivery of poorly water soluble and poorly water and lipid soluble drugs. It enhances the absorption and bioavailability and help to reduces the dose of conventional oral dosage forms. Drug particle size reduction leads to an increase in the surface area and consequently the rate of dissolution as described by the noyes whitney 7 equation. In addition an increase in saturation solubility is postulated by the particle size reduction due to an increased dissolution pressure explained by the ostwald freundlich equation 8 .Depending upon the production technique applied changes in the cristaline structure of the drug particle may occur. An increase amount of amorphous drug fraction could induce higher saturation solubility. Nanosuspension not only solves the problem of poor solubility and poor bioavailability but also alters the pharmacokinetics of the drug and improves the drug safety and efficacy.  a. Most cost effective. b. Useful for poorly soluble drugs. c. Physically more stable than liposomes. d. Provide ease of manufacture and scale up for large scale production. e. Rapid dissolution and tissue targeting. f. Reduction in tissue irritation. g. Higher biavailability in occular and inhalational drug delivery. PREPARATION TECHNIQUES Techniques for the preparation of nanosuspension can be classified into two. Formulation of nanosuspension Table 1: Formulation consideration for nanosuspension Excepient Function Example Stabilizers Wet the drug particles thoroughly, prevent Ostwald's ripening and agglomeration of Nanosuspensions, providing steric or ionic barrier Lecithins, poloxamers, polysorbate, Cellulosics, povidones Cosurfactants Influence phase behavior when micro emulsions Are used to formulate nanosuspensions Bile salts, dipotassium glycerrhizinate, transcutol, glycofurol, Ethanol, isopropanol,