Query: Telecommuting

title: Telecommuting and other trips: an English case study
abstract: This paper investigates the importance of non work travel to the growing population of telecommuters and the implications of this for sustainable travel patterns. Previous research has identified a link between increased online access to work and reduced proximity between residential and workplace locations. These studies raise concerns that as more people split their work activities between home and external workplace, whilst living in more dispersed locations, more unsustainable transport impacts will be generated, including higher vehicle mileage, car dependency, and less physical activity. This paper counters that the implications of telecommuting and other flexible working practices for sustainable travel behaviours may be more dependent upon the number and type of non work journeys and the accessibility of amenities for these purposes rather than on the distance to the workplace for less frequent commuting journeys. Using the National Travel Survey for England, the travel behaviours of those who identify themselves not as home workers but as working from home at least once a week are compared to other working adults by measuring and modelling the number and purpose of trips within a week's travel diary, independent of distance or mode. Telecommuters record fewer commute trips, more trips for other purposes, and the marginal utility of additional non work trips to telecommuters is greater than for many other socio economic characteristics. Thus, addressing the accessibility of non work destinations proactively through local planning has the potential to optimise the sustainability benefits of telecommuting.

title: Gender Differences in Telecommuting and Implications for Inequality at Home and Work
abstract: The global pandemic has led to an unprecedented shift to remote work that will likely persist to some degree into the future. Telecommuting's impact on flexibility and work family conflict is a critical question for researchers and policy makers. Our study addresses this question with data collected before and during the COVID 19 crisis: the 2003 2018 American Time Use Survey (ATUS, N 19,179) and the April and May 2020 COVID Impact Survey (N 784) Comparing mothers and fathers who work exclusively at the workplace, exclusively from home, and part day from home, we describe differences in time spent on housework, childcare, and leisure; the nature of time worked at home; and the subjective experiences of telecommuting. In addition to a broad descriptive portrait, we take advantage of a quasi experimental design in the ATUS leave supplements to examine time working at home among those who report ever telecommuting, providing estimates of telecommuting's effect on other uses of time that better approximate causal relationships than prior studies. We find that gender gaps in housework are larger for telecommuters, and, among telecommuters, larger on telecommuting days. Conversely, telecommuting may shrink the gender gap in childcare, particularly among couples with two full time earners, although childcare more frequently impinges upon mothers' work time. Survey data collected following the March COVID19 stay at home orders show that telecommuting mothers more frequently report feelings of anxiety, loneliness and depression than telecommuting fathers. Early estimates of responses to the COVID19 pandemic offer insights into future implications of telecommuting for gender equality at work.

title: Telecommuting: A viable option for medical physicists amid the COVID 19 outbreak and beyond
abstract: The impact of recent outbreak of novel coronavirus disease, COVID 19, to the global healthcare systems is unprecedently enormous. Like many other clinical disciplines, medical physics has encountered unique challenges during this special period in wider aspects from clinical practice, research, administration to education. As hospitals implement various preventive and control measures to contain the virus, medical physicists are asked to perform non essential activities by telecommuting or work from home (WFH) in many places.

title: Is there a price telecommuters pay? Examining the relationship between telecommuting and objective career success
abstract: Telecommuting has long been noted for its ability to foster work family balance and job satisfaction. However, for employees seeking to advance in their careers, it is commonly advised to exercise caution, since telecommuting is often viewed as signaling a lack of dedication to one's career. Despite the prevalence of such advice, almost no research has investigated if telecommuting actually impacts career success in objective terms. Integrating research on the flexibility stigma and signaling theory, we first compared the career success of telecommuters and non telecommuters using a sample of 405 employees matched with corporate data on promotion and salary growth. Then, we examined the relationship between extent of telecommuting and career success as well as the moderating influence of contextual factors. Results indicated telecommuters and non telecommuters did not differ in number of promotions, but telecommuters experienced lower salary growth. Additionally, extent of telecommuting was negatively related to promotions and salary growth, indicating it is not simply telecommuting per se that effects career success, but rather the extent of telecommuting. Moreover, work context played a highly influential role. A greater number of promotions were received by extensive telecommuters when they worked where telecommuting was highly normative, and when they engaged in higher supplemental work. Extensive telecommuters with higher supplemental work and higher face to face contact with their supervisor also received greater salary growth. Together, results challenge previous research that has tended to portray telecommuting as harmful to one's career success by providing a more informed understanding of how to harness its benefits.

title: On the Factors Influencing the Choices of Weekly Telecommuting Frequencies of Post secondary Students in Toronto
abstract: The paper presents an empirical investigation of telecommuting frequency choices by post secondary students in Toronto. It uses a dataset collected through a large scale travel survey conducted on post secondary students of four major universities in Toronto and it employs multiple alternative econometric modelling techniques for the empirical investigation. Results contribute on two fronts. Firstly, it presents empirical investigations of factors affecting telecommuting frequency choices of post secondary students that are rare in literature. Secondly, it identifies better a performing econometric modelling technique for modelling telecommuting frequency choices. Empirical investigation clearly reveals that telecommuting for school related activities is prevalent among post secondary students in Toronto. Around 80 percent of 0.18 million of the post secondary students of the region, who make roughly 36,000 trips per day, also telecommute at least once a week. Considering that large numbers of students need to spend a long time travelling from home to campus with around 33 percent spending more than two hours a day on travelling, telecommuting has potential to enhance their quality of life. Empirical investigations reveal that car ownership and living farther from the campus have similar positive effects on the choice of higher frequency of telecommuting. Students who use a bicycle for regular travel are least likely to telecommute, compared to those using transit or a private car.

title: Does telecommuting save energy? A critical review of quantitative studies and their research methods
abstract: Teleworking has been widely perceived as a more sustainable mode of working for knowledge workers compared to the status quo of commuting to centralized offices because of its reduced dependency on transportation and centralized office space. However, the situation is far more complex than would appear on the surface, when the scope is expanded to include home office energy use, the Internet, long term consumer choices, and other so called rebound effects. Few studies have quantified home, office, transportation, and communications energy or GHG emissions implications of telecommuting simultaneously. To make progress in answering the question of whether telecommuting results in less energy use and greenhouse gas emissions than conventional centralized office working, this paper reviews results and research methods of primarily quantitative studies of any and all four domains that consider operating energy and/or greenhouse gas emissions. The results ultimately show that this problem is complex, and that current datasets and methods are generally inadequate for fully answering the research question. While most studies indicate some benefit, several suggest teleworking increases energy use even for the domain that is thought to benefit most: transportation.

title: Telecommuting: A Panacea to COVID 19 Spread in Nigerian Universities
abstract: The paper examines how telecommuting could serve as a panacea to the spread of COVID 19 in Nigerian Universities. The research sample consists of 119 respondents, of which 36 are lecturers and 83 are students. The primary source was used in data collection with a structured questionnaire which employed five point Likert scale. The questionnaire was administered to respondents online via Google forms. The study adopted the qualitative and quantitative data analysis method. ANOVA, Correlation and Regression analyses were used to test the Hypotheses with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The Cronbach Alpha test was adopted for the establishment of reliability Coefficient. The findings revealed that Telecommuting strongly affects the spread of COVID 19. Furthermore, we found that online teaching could help with social distancing. Social media has a negative correlation with community spread of COVID 19, while video conferencing has a positive impact on the importation of COVID 19 and that Internet usage could curb the spread of coronavirus in Nigerian University. The study concludes that telecommuting is an effective strategy the Nigerian Government should adopt in the educational sector to avoid any future disease spread that would disrupt the academic activities. The paper recommends that the ministry of health should enforce all the Institutions of learning in Nigeria from primary to Tertiary to be Information Communication Technology, ICT) compliance to enable telecommuting to be active and efficient.

title: Telecommuting: Smarter Workplaces

title: Work Life Balance in the Digital Workplace: The Impact of Schedule Flexibility and Telecommuting on Work Life Balance and Overall Life Satisfaction
abstract: The goal of this chapter is to develop a theoretical model of work life balance specific to the digital workplace. We first discuss two characteristics of the digital workplace: schedule flexibility and telecommuting. We then describe a formative conceptualisation of work life balance involving a set of inter domain strategies people use to enhance (or preserve) overall life satisfaction behaviour based strategies (role engagement in multiple domains, role enrichment, domain compensation, role conflict management, etc. and cognition based strategies (whole life perspective, positive affect spillover, value compensation and segmentation) We then propose and explain how schedule flexibility and telecommuting in the digital workplace have a positive influence on the aforementioned work life balance strategies and consequently overall life satisfaction and thriving.

title: Exploring the Perspectives of Telecommuting Nursing Faculty.
abstract: This study explored the needs of faculty telecommuters for a school of nursing, as well as other programs considering employing telecommuters in the future.  This was a qualitative descriptive study using content analysis and quantitative demographics. After institutional review board approval was obtained, the study was conducted using a convenience sample of telecommuting nursing faculty from one university. The participants responded to open ended survey questions describing their experience of telecommuting and provided demographic data.  Social interaction was key, especially from faculty who initially were in full time on campus positions. How social contact is maintained determined overall success in this role. Factors helping included online meetings, online social interactions, positive reports of flexibility, and experienced high levels of autonomy. A Nursing Faculty Telecommuter Interactional Model for Success was created based on these themes.  Technology appeared to be the driving force of productive work days.