Query: Linguistics 　　Code-switching

title: Bilingual Code switching and Syntactic Theory
abstract: enth Annual Meeting of the North Eastern Linguistic Society, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 113 124. Kayne, R. (1976) "French Relative 'que" in M. Luj'an and F. Hensey, eds. Current Studies in Romance Linguistics, Georgetown University Press, Washington, D.C. Kuroda, S. Y. (1968) "English Relativization and Certain Related Problems," Language 44, 244266. Reprinted in D. Reibel and S. Schane, eds. Modern Studies in English, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Quicoli, C. (1972) Aspects of Portuguese Complementation, Doctoral dissertation, State University of New York, Buffalo. Rivero, M. L. (1980) "Left Dislocation and Topicalization in Spanish," Linguistic Inquiry 11, 363 394.

title: Language contact, borrowing and code switching: a case study of Australian Greek
abstract: The present study is an in depth investigation of the Greek language spoken by immigrants in Far North Queensland, Australia. The study focuses on contact induced changes in the language, such as borrowing of lexemes and discourse patterns, and on code switching. The data analyzed derive from participant observation and some 23 hours of audio and video recorded conversations with first and second generation Greek immigrants that were collected during fieldwork in 2013 in Far North Queensland. The study contributes to the investigation of the structure and use of Greek in the diaspora by integrating perspectives from contact linguistics and interactional approaches to code switching.

title: Socio linguistics of code switching an investigation of Urdu_English code switching in Indian metropolis
abstract: Sociolinguistics of Code Switching: An investigation of Urdu English Code Switching in Indian Metropolis. Code switching between languages in a bilingual setting is a normal activity. Our focus in this thesis is on Urdu English code switching in Delhi, Hyderabad and Lucknow. All three places are historically important in origin and development of Urdu language. The choice of code is determined by status characteristics of the speech act or by a combination of these and other components. Code mixing and code switching may or may not be done intentionally. It depends on where and with whom one is interacting. Sometimes we use two different languages at the same time without realizing it. Sometimes we do it when we lack the particular vocabulary for a specific object. And sometimes we do it to demonstrate that we know and can manage to talk fluently in two different languages. Code switching depends a lot on how formal or informal a speaker is, whether it's appropriate to code mix with a certain individual or not. Codemixing has given rise to new languages like Hinglish (Hindi+English) Benglish (Bengali+English) Tanglish (Tamil+English) and so on. The present is an attempt to investigate Code Switching in Delhi, Hyderabad and Lucknow amount male and female informants. The entire study is based on the data collection to field survey covering 300 respondents belonging to Delhi, Hyderabad and Lucknow from each cities 74 questionnaire were selected for analysis means 74 x 3 222 total number of samples. All the 222 respondents were selected keeping in view a number of variables viz. Sex, Age, Occupation and Education. The main tool for the collection of data has been the questionnaire. The data was processed and main findings are presenting in chapter 3, 4 and 5. Over all analysis has been given in chapter 6, were as chapter 1 and 2 deals with introduction and Methodology respectively. The summary and conclusion has been presented in chapter 7.  This chapter is purely introductory. It takes into account the sociolinguistic of code switching in minority groups of Delhi, Hyderabad and Lucknow. This chapter also throws light on structural/ formal and functional/pragmatic point of view. It also gives information regarding all three cities how it is important from Urdu English code switching point of view.  This chapter deals with the methods used in the work. It takes into account the main objectives of the study, the hypothesis formulated before conducting the survey, tools used for data collection, sample selected for the final investigation, analysis of data and finally the presentafion of findings.  Code Switching in Delhi In this chapter the information regarding code switching has been obtained through the questionnaires circulated among the respondents of Delhi. The data has also been collected through face to face interaction, group discussions, and meetings. We have focused our attention to the code switching by the Urdu speakers in different domains. In Delhi Urdu language has been used as a mother tongue and now influence of surrounding language (English) is clearly shown. Chapter 4: Code Switching in Hyderabad In this chapter the information regarding code switching has been obtained through the questionnaires circulated among the respondents of Hyderabad. The data has also been collected through face to face interaction, group discussions, and meetings. We have focused our attention to the code switching by the Urdu speakers in different domains. In Hyderabad Urdu language has been used as a mother tongue and now influences of surrounding language (Hindi and Telugu) is clearly shown.  Code Switching in Lucknow In this chapter the information regarding code switching has been obtained through the questionnaires circulated among the respondents of Lucknow. The data has also been collected through face to face interaction, group discussions, and meetings. In all three chapters, we have focused our attention to the code switching by the Urdu speakers in different domains. In Lucknow Urdu language has been used as a mother tongue and now influences of surrounding language (Bhojpuri and Awadhi) is clearly shown.  The Data which we have collected shown in the pie chart 1 to 10 suggest that 48% of the male respondents in all the three places switch from their mother tongue Urdu to English where as 34% female respondents switch codes. The majority of the response is predominantly from the male respondents since they have exposure to outside world. They are constantly moving from one place to another. They are in touch with the world of business, trade and commerce. On the other hand females show a lesser tendency towards switching code as compared to males; they hardly move from one place to another place, another level of interaction is not so high females are not highly educated and in some cases they are with in the four walls of their houses. 18% respondents in others category are basically those who have Urdu as their mother tongue and Hindi as a language other than English as their first/second language. It comprises in both male and female. Interestingly in all pie charts a group emerges which I have shown the category of others they are from Madarsa background they might know other languages but they do not feel the need to use another language. In terms of literacy this group is a mixed where literacy has come about not through formal schooling but through informal education either through Islamic or through early Quranic education given at home.   This is the final chapter of the thesis, in brief, the conclusion drawn from this survey. This chapter presents chapter wise summary, besides giving conclusion and finding of the summary. The result obtained from the data collected from different social groups reveal the fact that the Urdu language speakers are not conscious about their mother tongue specially, the educated group has shown less interest towards the preservation of their Mother tongue. They are shifting towards English.  AN INVESTIGATION OF URDU ENGLISH CODE SWITCHING IN INDIAN METROPOLIS THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF JBoctor of $t)tlosiopt|p IN LINGUISTICS BY WAQUAR AHMAD KHAN Under the supervision of S. IMTIAZ HASNAIN Professor and Chairman DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2010 "^yfm UsHrr I>

title: Revisiting Code Switching Practice in TESOL: A Critical Perspective
abstract: In academic circles, the English Only view and Balanced view have established their grounds after volumes of work on the topic of code switching in TESOL. With recent development in Critical Applied Linguistics, poststructural theory, postmodern theory, and the emergence of multilingualism, scholars have begun to view ELT as a constantly shifting dynamic approach to questions of language in multiple contexts, rather than a method, a set of techniques, or a fixed body of knowledge (Lin in  2013) Therefore, this paper represents a crucial step in addressing the paucity of research on the criticality and sociopolitical nature of code switching in TESOL by drawing from the constructs of identity (Peirce in TESOL Q 29(1):9 31, 1995) capital (Bourdieu  1977) and critical pedagogy (Freire in Pedagogy of the oppressed, The Continuum Publishing, New York, 1970) The purpose of this article is to draw connections between code switching, constructs of identity, and capital and reveal the power dynamics embedded in language learning process. We suggest that language teachers be cognizant of the sociopolitical aspect of code switching and pay more attention to the multiple, fluid, and contradictory identities that are assigned, claimed, and negotiated by students in classrooms. In this paper, we elaborate on studies that view classroom codes witching as social indexicality and identity construction, discuss the missing gap in the ongoing debate about code switching, and provide some tangible pedagogical implications in ELT classrooms.

title: An Analysis Of Code Mixing And Code Switching In "Tetangga Masa Gitu" Tv Serial On Net Tv
abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the code mixing and code switching in "Tetangga Masa Gitu" television serial. This study also aimed at describing the types, reasons and functions of code mixing and code switching in "Tetangga Masa Gitu" television serial. The theories used to analyze the study are from Stokwell (2002) and Saville Troike (1982) as the data were in the form of essays. Qualitative method was used to analyze the data. From the data analysis it was found the types of code mixing and code switching namely: tag switching, intra sentential mixing and inter sentential mixing. The result showed that the most dominant type of code mixing and code switching found on this television serial is intra sentential, and referential are the most dominant functions respectively.  Language, Linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Codes, Code Mixing, Code Switching.

title: Nouns as Lexical Heads in Urhobo English Code Switching
abstract: Two topics in the front burner of contact linguistics are bilingualism and code switching. Code switching between an indigenous language and the English language is pervasive where outer circle Englishes are spoken. Nigeria and other former colonies of Great Britain belong to this circle of Englishes. This study discusses nouns functioning as lexical heads in Urhobo/ English code switches. The switches include code switched NP [Z1] with determiner [Z2] s from Urhobo and head word [Z3] s from English; Urhobo English complex Code switched NP with an adjective; complex CS NP with an adjective [Z4] prepositional phrase as complement. The study is premised on two theories. First is Noam Chomsky's (1981) principles and parameters theory of transformational grammar which has been used for the analysis of the sentences. The second is Myers Scotton's (2002) Matrix Language Frame (MLF) which is used for distinguishing between the matrix and the embedded languages in the nominal phrasal constituents within the code switched sentences. In this study, Urhobo is the matrix language while English is the embedded [Z5] language based on matrix language frame (MLF) parameters. The study concludes that nouns functioning as lexical heads constitute part of the structural basis of Urhobo English code switching.  NPs [Z2] determiners [Z3] words [Z4] adjective [Z5] embedded language

title: CODE SWITCHING FOR POLITENESS PURPOSES AMONG SASAK SPEAKERS: STUDY OF SELONG COMMUNITIES
abstract: Amuzu, Evershed Kwasi. 2012. Socio Pragmatics Of Conversational Codeswitching In Ghana. Ghana: Ghana Journal of Linguistics. Arikunto, S. 2006. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek.  Rineka Cipta. Brown, Penelope and Stephen C. Levinson.  Politeness some universals In language Usage Cambrige. Cambrige University Press. Goffman,  Essays on Face to Face Behaviour.  Penguin, 5 46. Hoffman, C. (1991) An Introduction to Bilingualism.  Longman. Holmes,  (2001) An Introduction to Sociolinguistics: Second Edition. England: Pearson Education Limited.(Chapter 2) Hudson, R. A. 1980.  longman Imam, S. T. 2009.Indonesian english code switching in Indonesian pop rock songs: a case study of slank song lyrics. Mataram: mataram university Leech, G. 1983. Principles of pragmatics. London, New York: Longman Group Ltd. Lewis, david. 1983. Language and language. Retrieved on May 19th 2016 11.32, from http:/mcps.umn.edu/assets/pdf/7.1_Lewis.pdf. Mahyuni, 2006.Speech styles and cultural consciousness in sasak community.   Retrieved on May 19th 2016 11.22 fromhttp:/www.blackwellpublishing.com/content/BPL_Images/Content_store/Sample_chapter/0631223525/Duranti_001.pdf Myers Scotton, C. 1998.A theoretical introduction to the markedness model. In Myers Scotton, C (ed) Codes and consequences. Choosing linguistic varieties. New York and Oxford:   Bandung: angkasa bandung. Richard, J. Platt,  Longman dictionary of applied linguistics. Hongkong: longman group limited. Rose, S and O Van Dulm. 2006. Functions of Code Switching in Multilingual Classrooms.University of Stellenbosch Spolsky, B. 1998.Socilingustics. Oxford: oxford university press. Yule, George. (1996) Pragmatics.(1st ed) England:  Zaidan, Abdul Rozak.  Bahasa daerah dan otonomi daerah Risalah konferensi bahasa daerah. United states: university of michigan

title: Linguistics at School: Code switching: connecting written and spoken language patterns

title: Code Mixing and Code Switching at a Language Boundary:Pasar Cileumeuh, Cilacap, Central Java Case Study
abstract: Cilacap is geographically located in Central Java region and bordering directly with West Java. Ethnographically, Cilacap becomes a transitional area between Javanese and Sundanese ethnic. In linguistics, such area is called as language boundary. These conditions make some Cilacap residents speak Javanese, especially Banyumasan dialect, and some others speak Sundanese. Unlike the Indramayu and Cirebon communities in West Java who claim not to be part of the Javanese ethnic although using Javanese language, Sundanese speakers in Cilacap claim convincingly to be the part of the Sundanese ethnic group. In areas where the Javanese and Sundanese have direct contact, such as Pasar Cileumeuh, the communities are mostly bilingual. Uniquely, it is eassy to find conversations between Javanese and Sundanese speakers where they use their own language but they know one another. However, Bahasa Indonesia is also used as a connecting language. With that explanations, it is interesting to know: 1) the structure and 2) the motivation of the code mixing and code switching events in Pasar Cileumeuh. This paper is aimed to answer the questions.  code mixing, code switching, language boundary, pasar Cileumeuh

title: Semantic Categories and Gender Assignment in Contact Spanish: Type of Code Switching and its Relevance to Linguistic Outcomes
abstract: The present study examines two aspects of determiner phrases DP s) that have been previously investigated in Spanish/English code switching; namely, the openness of semantic domains to non native nouns and gender assignment in monolingual versus code switched speech. The quantitative analysis of naturalistic, oral production data from 62 native speakers of Northern Belizean Spanish revealed both similarities and notable differences vis a vis previous findings for varieties of Spanish/English code switching in the U.S Hispanophone context. Semantic domains that favoured non native nouns in Spanish/English DP s included academia, technology, work/money related terms, abstract concepts, linguistics/language terms and everyday items. In relation to gender assignation, assignment patterns in monolingual DP s were canonical whereas an overwhelming preference for the masculine default gender was attested in mixed DP s. Biological gender was not found to be deterministic in switched DP s. The analysis highlights the important role that type of code switching has on contact outcomes in bi/multilingual communities, as speech patterns are reflective of the status and resourcefulness that code switching is afforded at a societal and idiolectal level.