Query: Ruggeri tommaso

title: Rational Extended Thermodynamics
abstract: 1 Tour d'Horizon 2 Early Version of Extended Thermodynamics 1 Paradox of Heat Conduction and Shear Diffusion 1.1 Heuristic Derivation of the Laws of Fourier and Navier Stokes 1.2 Parabolic Laws of Heat Conduction and Shear Diffusion 2 Paradox Removed 2.1 The Cattaneo Equation 2.2 Extended TIP 2.3 Finite Pulse Speeds in Extended TIP 2.4  Mon atomic Gases 3.1 Boltzmann Equation and Moments 3.2 Equations of Balance for Moments 3.3 Balance of Entropy and Possible Equilibria 3.4 The Grad Distribution 3.5 Entropy and Entropy Flux in Grad's 13 Moment Theory 3.6 Phenomenological Equations derived from the Kinetic Theory 3.7 Pulse Speeds 3.8  Formal Structure of Extended Thermodynamics 1 Field Equations 1.1 Thermodynamic Processes and Principles of the Constitutive Theory 1.2 Universal Principles of the Constitutive Theory 2 Entropy Inequality, Symmetric Hyperbolicity 2.1 Exploitation of the Entropy Inequality 2.2 Symmetric Hyperbolic Field Equations 2.3 Discussion 2.4 Characeristic Speeds 3 Main Subsystems 3.1 Constraints on the Main Field 3.2 A Main.

title: Recurrent thrombosis in patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: incidence, risk factors, and effect of treatments
abstract: Polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia are typically complicated by thrombosis. According to this multicenter study recurrent thrombosis is observed in about one third of patients. Cytoreduction protects against recurrence of thrombosis. The contemporary use of oral anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents further reduce the incidence of re thrombosis.  Prior thrombosis is a well established risk factor for re thrombosis in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia but scarce data are available on the rate of re thrombosis and the optimal strategy for prevention of recurrence.  We retrospectively estimated the rate of recurrence in a multicenter cohort of 494 patients (poly cythemia vera/essential thrombocythemia 235/259) with previous arterial (67.6% or venous thrombosis (31% or both (1.4% First thrombosis was cerebrovascular disease in 191 cases, acute coronary syndrome in 106, peripheral arterial thrombosis in 44, and venous thromboembolism in 160. Microcirculatory events were not computed.  Thrombosis recurred in 166 patients (33.6% with an incidence of 7.6% patient years. Sex, diagnosis (polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia) and presence of vascular risk factors did not predict recurrence, whereas age >60 years did (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19 2.32) Increased leukocyte count at the time of the first thrombosis was a risk factor for recurrence in patients <60 years old (HR 3.55; 95% CI 1.02 12.25) Cytoreduction halved the risk in the overall cohort (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.38 0.73) and the combination with antiplatelet agents or oral anticoagulants was more effective than administration of single drugs. Significant prevention of rethrombosis was independently achieved in patients with venous thromboembolism by both oral anticoagulants (HR 0.32; 95% CI 0.15 0.64) and antiplatelet agents (HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.22 0.77) in those with acute coronary syndrome by cytoreduction (HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.13 0.68) and in those with cerebrovascular disease by antiplatelet agents (HR 0.33; 95% CI 0.16 0.66) The overall incidence of major bleeding was 0.9% patient years and rose to 2.8% in patients receiving both antiplatelet and anti vitamin K agents.  In patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia, cytoreduction protects against recurrent thrombosis, particularly after acute coronary syndrome. The contemporary use of oral anticoagulants (after venous thromboembolism) or antiplatelet agents (after cerebrovascular disease or venous thromboembolism) further improves the protective effect. Such findings call for prospective studies aimed at investigating whether strategies tailored according to the type of first thrombosis could improve prevention of recurrences.

title: Rational Extended Thermodynamics beyond the Monatomic Gas
abstract: 1 Introduction. 2 Mathematical Structure. 3 Waves in Hyperbolic Systems. 4 Survey of ET of Rarefied Monatomic Gases. 5 ET Theory of Polyatomic Rarefied Gas and Dense Gas. 6 Maximum entropy principle for rarefied polyatomic gases. 7 Stationary heat conduction in a polyatomic gas at rest. 8 Linear Wave in Polyatomic Gas. 9 Shock Wave.  Fluctuating hydrodynamics. 11 Light scattering in Polyatomic Gas. 12 ET6 Theory of Polyatomic Rarefied Gas and Dense Gas. 13 Non linear ET6. 14 Molecular ET Theory of Polyatomic Rarefied Gas. 15 ET of dense gas with 6 moments. 16 Mixture of Gases. 17 Hyperbolic Parabolic Limit, Max wellian iteration and Objectivity.

title: The dynamics of spreading and immune strategies of sexually transmitted diseases on scale free network
abstract: We examine epidemic threshold and dynamics for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) spread using a multiple susceptible infected removed susceptible ODE model on scale free networks. We derive the threshold for the epidemic to be zero in infinite scale free network. For a hard cut off scale free network, we also prove the stability of disease free equilibrium and the persistence of STDs infection. The effects of two immunization schemes, including proportional scheme and targeted vaccination, are studied and compared. We find that targeted strategy compare favorably to a proportional scheme in terms of effectiveness. Theory and simulations both prove that an appropriate condom using has prominent effect to control STDs spread on scale free networks.

title: Galilean invariance and entropy principle for systems of balance laws
abstract: The Galilean invariance of a generic system of balance laws dictates a specific dependence of the densities and fluxes on velocity. Thus these quantities decompose in a unique manner into convective and non convetive parts. Such a decomposition permits the elimination of velocity dependencies in the entropy principle, which becomes a constraint on the constitutive functions only. These results clarify the mathematical structure of extended thermodynamics. They also provide a connection between the equations of continuum thermodynamics and the Boltzmann equation.

title: Similarity solutions and strong shocks in extended thermodynamics of rarefied gas
abstract: We consider the equations of a monoatomic gas, in the context of the extended thermodynamic theory, with spherical symmetry and we look for similarity solutions. The classical problem of the point explosion is considered in order to get some qualitative information due to the presence of the heat flux and the dissipation. It seems that, despite to the classical case, a sub shock formation cannot be avoided.

title: A Phase III Study to Compare Melphalan, Prednisone, Lenalidomide (MPR) Versus Melphalan 200 Mg/m2 and Autologous Transplantation (MEL200) In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients
abstract: In this randomized study we question the role of HDT, when new drugs are incorporated in the conventional treatment or in the autologous transplant setting in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.  To compare melphalan, prednisone and lenalidomide (MPR) with tandem melphalan (200 mg/m2) (MEL200) in MM patients younger than 65 years.  The induction treatment consisted of four 28 day cycles of lenalidomide (25 mg d 1 21) and low dose dexamethasone (40 mg d 1,8,15,22) (Rd) Cyclophosphamide plus G CSF was used to mobilize stem cells. As consolidation, patients were randomized to MPR (N=202) [six 28 day cycles of melphalan (0.18 mg/k g d 1 4) prednisone (2 mg/kg d 1 4) and lenalidomide (10 mg d 1 21) or MEL200 (N=200)[tandem melphalan 200 mg/m2 with stem cell support] All patients were also randomized to receive either aspirin or low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin) as thromboprophylaxis during Rd and MPR. Primary study endpoint was progression free survival (PFS) Data were analyzed in intention to treat.  From november 2007 to july 2009, 402 patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic MM younger than 65 years of age were recruited and randomized. All patients enrolled were stratified according to International Staging System (ISS) (stages 1 and 2 vs stage 3) and age  On an intention to treat basis, best responses after Rd induction, were: partial response (PR) rate was 87% very good partial response (VGPR) rate was 52% including 13% complete responses (CR) The median yields of stem cells harvested was 8.7 x106 CD34+ cells/Kg; 91% of patients collected the minimum dose of 4x106/kg CD34+ cells. As of August 10th, 257 patients are evaluable for response after at least 3 cycles of MPR (124) and after the first MEL200 (133) best responses to consolidation: in the MPR group, the VGPR rate was 60% including 20% CR; in the MEL200 group the VGPR rate was 58% including 25% CRs. No differences in responses were reported according to chromosomal abnormalities, such as del13, t(4;14) t(14;16) or del17p. After a median follow up of 14 months, the projected 2 year PFS and OS were similar in the two groups (table) The achievement of at least VGPR after consolidation was a predictive factor of longer PFS in both groups: in the MEL200 group, the 2 year PFS was 92% for patients with at least VGPR vs 70% for those with PR (p  Our study confirms the efficacy and safety of Rd induction. Both MPR and MEL200 improved the quality of response, achieved by Rd induction. At present, PFS and OS are not significantly different in the two groups, but longer follow up is needed. These data will be updated at the meeting.  Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janseen Cilag: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Celgene: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria; Janssen Cilag: Honoraria; Merck: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees.  Consultancy, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janseen Cilag: Consultancy, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees,

title: On the hyperbolic system of a mixture of Eulerian fluids: a comparison between single and multi temperature models
abstract: The first rational model of homogeneous mixtures of fluids was proposed by Truesdell in the context of rational thermodynamics. Afterwards, two different theories were developed: one with a single temperature (ST) field of the mixture and the other one with several temperatures. The two systems are from the mathematical point of view completely different and the relationship between their solutions was not clarified. In this paper, the hyperbolic multi temperature (MT) system of a mixture of Eulerian fluids will be explained and it will be shown that the corresponding single temperature differential system is a principal subsystem of the MT one. As a consequence, the subcharacteristic conditions for characteristic speeds hold and this gives an upper bound esteem for pulse speeds in an ST model. Global behaviour of smooth solutions for large time for both systems will also be discussed through the application of the Shizuta Kawashima condition. Finally, as an application, the particular case of a binary mixture is considered.

title: Entropy Production and Admissibility of Shocks
abstract: In shock wave theory there are two considerations in selecting the physically relevant shock waves. There is the admissibility criterion for the well posedness of hyperbolic conservation laws. Another consideration concerns the entropy production across the shocks. The latter is natural from the physical point of view, but is not sufficient in its straightforward formulation, if the system is not genuinely nonlinear. In this paper we propose the principles of increasing entropy production and that of the superposition of shocks. These principles are shown to be equivalent to the admissibility criterion.

title: Leukocytosis is a risk factor for recurrent arterial thrombosis in young patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia
abstract: There is evidence that leukocytosis is associated with an increased risk of first thrombosis in patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) Whether it is a risk factor for recurrent thrombosis too is currently unknown. In the frame of a multicenter retrospective cohort study, we recruited 253 patients with PV (n 133) or ET (n 120) who were selected on the basis of a first arterial (70% or venous major thrombosis (27.6% or both (2.4% and who were not receiving cytoreduction at the time of thrombosis. The probability of recurrent thrombosis associated with the leukocyte count recorded at the time of the first thrombosis was estimated by a receiver operating characteristic analysis and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. Thrombosis recurred in 78 patients (30.7% multivariable analysis showed an independent risk of arterial recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 2.16, 95% CI 1.12 4.18) in patients with a leukocyte count that was >12.4 x 109/L at the time of the first thrombotic episode. The prognostic role for leukocytosis was age related, as it was only significant in patients that were aged <60 years (HR for arterial recurrence 3.35, 95% CI 1.22 9.19)