Query: nepal democracy

title: Federal Democracy Nepal: An Assessment of Two Years Democratic Practices
abstract: Nepal is on the way of institutionalizing federal political system. New democracy faces a number of challenges in institutionalizing. This paper, aims to understand the state of democratic practices and prospects of democracy in Nepal. It adopts political system approach and takes political ideas, power sharing, resource distribution, social identities, political values as independent variables and stability of democracy as dependent variable. It argues the prospect of democracy is uncertain. Country lacks several preconditions which are necessary for the success of federal democracy. Federalism is difficult to flourish in poor economy based society, incompatible political values, weak institution and poor governance.

title: Citizens' Reflection on Democracy and Disaster in Nepal in the Wake of the 2015 Earthquake
abstract: On April 25, 2015, Nepal was hit by a massive earthquake. Thousands of lives were lost. Extensive damage to infrastructure and property was reported. Using 30 interviews, I firstly examine how the people survived in the early days of the disaster. Secondly, I discuss how the citizens of Nepal, perceived democracy as a political system that is still novel for them, in the aftermath of the crisis. The interviewees reflected on the government's response to the earthquake. Evidently, the study highlights the disjuncture between the kinds of relief a democratic state is expected to provide for the citizens and the state's actual response to the needs of the earthquake survivors. Nepal has adopted democracy since 1990, however, it has failed to deliver on its promises, and people are thus ambivalent about the system. However, in the final analysis, it becomes apparent that people are unwilling to revert back to the old autocratic system. The conclusions of the study compel one to consider certain social processes. What affects citizens' expectations of their government in the aftermath of a major disaster is contingent upon how states have acted in normal times. The state's response to disasters might be influenced by what citizens expect from the state in the first place, thus, leading to a self fulfilling prophecy. Finally, a democratic society is preferred by most, and the only way for the government to be more robust is to compel the leaders to adhere to the laws and regulations and operate according: those who break the laws must be made accountable.

title: Political culture in Nepal Parties and understanding of democracy
abstract: Nepal's commitment to democracy is still quite young and the process of finding it is far from complete. The inherited burdens of the state have been a particular problem for decades. In the following, the author sheds light on the deep state structure and thus illuminates some of the current problem constellations. Characteristics of such historical background are about three events in the last 70 years, which have been described as a kind of revolution or at least as popular movements. During the same period, two transitional constitutions and not less than five official constitutions were adopted.

title: Pokhrel and Pokhrel ;2014) After the restoration of parliamentary democracy in 1990, Nepal Sadbhabana Party leader Gajendra
abstract: The objective of this article is to answer the state of provincial states and the challenges faced by them, and to show the constitutional provisions for coordination, cooperation and coexistence of interprovincial relations of Nepalese new federal set up. The provincial governments are facing lots of challenge including resource, proper policies, devolution of power and bureaucratic accountability and lack of intra provincial coordination. The constitution stands on tri pillar theory (cooperation, coexistence and coordination) to operate the holding together federalism in Nepal. In this article, an empirical facts and field observation of Gandaki Province have been analyzed. The writer argues that other provinces throughout the country have been facing the similar kinds of problems. During the writing, the facts were collected by inter and intrapersonal relations with the civil servants, provincial assembly members and various interaction programs with provincial stakeholders. But the core study area is Gandaki Province. The major finding of this study is that provincial cooperation and coordination is an essential factor to implementing federalism in Nepal. If the provinces failed to cooperate with federal government as well as intra provincial government, federalism is hardly likely to sustain in Nepal.

title: The rise of ethnic politics in Nepal: democracy at the margins
abstract: Over the past decade, the dominant academe on Nepali politics has overwhelmingly focused on the role and impact of the Maoist movement. With her timely publication, US based Pr. Susan Hangen slightly moves away from this prevailing approach of Nepal's political conundrum to offer an original insight on the recent ethnicisation of Nepali politics, beyond ideological struggles and insurgency. She convincingly articulates her research on the rising influence ethnic groups and peripheral areas have had on Nepal's democratisation since the adoption of a multiparty democratic system in 1990. Through the case study of one indigenous group of rural Eastern Nepal the 'Mongols' and more specifically one of their dominant ethnic subgroups, the Gurungs Pr. Hangen makes compelling efforts to illustrate how the margins understood as 'political peripheries of the state' dwelt by 'marginal populations' developing 'non hegemonic discourses' such as ethnic inequality (pp. 11 12) have construed, experienced and participated in democratic politics and democratisation processes in contemporary Nepal. People's interpretations and responses to democratisation trends are often plural and depend on a variety of cultural, societal, historical and even geopolitical factors, as illustrated by the diverse democratic transitions experienced by 'Third Wave' Asian countries since the 1980s. A democratisation process creates new spaces for discussion, demands for accountability, the questioning of state authority and the challenge of societal hierarchy and dominance patterns. In Nepal, the emergence of a democratic environment between the end of the authoritarian Panchayat era (1962 1990) and the fall of the Hindu monarchy in 2008 allowed new sociopolitical and liberal constructions to take shape and new forms of local governance defined by non dominant ethnic communities to be fostered. Pr. Hangen's analysis aims at identifying how new democratic discourses and practices were introduced and understood by ethnic minorities in Nepal, through which channels they have been promoted (ethnic based political party, village headsmen) and according to which community oriented agendas and cultural (re)productions. Her research is judiciously based on extensive fieldworks first conducted in the 1990s and then updated throughout the 2000s, thus enabling her to have sufficient and valuable hindsight to illustrate in the long term her argumentation on the rising centrality of Nepal's political ethnicisation. Trained in the realm of anthropological studies, she realistically justified her methodological approach and use of the field in the book's introduction, including the pitfalls presented by her own profile (a Western woman married to a Nepali, whose Gurung origins are directly connected to her study) in the rural and male dominated world of Eastern Nepal.

title: Nepal Democracy In Transition

title: Media Autonomy in Cross road in Post Conflict Democracy of Nepal
abstract: Nepali media intend towards neutral projections of their institutional stance covering politics in a balanced way despite a long practiced political parallelism in the country. The media also project both dark and bright sides of Nepalese politics for strengthening democracy in post conflict period of Nepal. This study has examined editorial contents covered by two leading Nepali newspapers: The Kathmandu Post daily and Nepali Times weekly, both published in English language. The focus of this research has been to examine the editorials appeared during election campaign of Constitution Assembly, 2008. The study has chosen two dominant framing concepts: thematic vs. episodic framing, in order to explore the phenomenon of media autonomy in the Nepalese context. The findings show a mixed result where the media appear more likely to an instrumentalized phenomenon while projecting government/political parties' policies and decisions. Their issues and activities were framed thematically putting public issues in general context, and also detracting political issues from negative stereotyping in their institutional viewpoints. At the same time, media portray the issues and activities focusing on particular events and occurrences while framing political parties/governments and their leaders with negative attributes of conflict and personalization frame. It can be Bodhi: An Interdisciplinary Journal 7 (1) 36 argued that some external forces such as increasing dispute among political actors and increasing volume of impunity against journalism could be the consequences of media's less likely instrumentalized appearance to political forces.

title: Democracy and the Rule of Law in Federal Nepal
abstract: My aim is to give an overview of the political developments since the last Nepal Day. I would like to start with a short analysis of the government's work. I will also talk about the development of the federal state, the human rights situation and the ongoing issue of corruption. I would also like to mention the opposition. Last but not least, I will briefly discuss four conflicts in which I see a serious threat to the secular and federal republic, which is still in its early stages. As I see the role of the media in modern Nepal in a predominantly positive light, contrary to the government's view, I have decided to underline my presentation with a few cartoons rather than listing headlines.

title: The Rise of Ethnic Politics in Nepal: Democracy in the Margins Susan Hangen (London: Routledge, 2010)

title: The Rise of Ethnic Politics in Nepal Democracy in the Margins