Query: exercise covid-19

title: Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID 19 quarantine: Special focus in older people
abstract: The Coronavirus (Covid 19) was introduced this past December 2019 in China (Wuhan) and the infection has spread throughout the world despite strategies adopted by the Chinese government to stop this epidemiological phenomenon. Three months later, Covid 19 has become a worldwide pandemic with more than 353,000 cases confirmed on March 23th 2020, 15,000 deaths and more than 100,000 recovered around the world. The evolution of this pandemic can be followed at different official websites, such as the interactive web based dashboard to track Covid 19 in real time developed by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering (https:/www.eficiens. com/coronavirus statistics/ or the HealthMap provided by the Boston Children's Hospital (https:/www.healthmap.org/Covid 19/ Additionally, the New England Journal of Medicine provides free access for a collection of articles and other resources on the Covid19 outbreak, including clinical reports, management guidelines, and commentaries (https:/www.nejm.org/coronavirus?cid= DM88311&bid=165326853) Actually, China has managed to stop the number of daily infections for several days. The next two countries to suffer the most intense impact of the pandemic were Italy and Spain, having already exceeded, in the case of Italy, the number of total deaths reached by China. However, many other countries around the world, including the United States, are developing new cases at alarming rates. Most of the epidemiological experts agree that much of the success in containing the virus in China and elsewhere has been due to rapid measures adopted by the authorities to impose quarantine status for the majority of population. Therefore, many of the most seriously affected countries after China, such as Italy and Spain, adopted similar strategies several weeks later. In addition, based on the worldwide information from theCovid 19 pandemic, some characteristics of thepopulation at higher risk for Covid 19 have been identified, such as being older people, those with hypertension, diabetes or cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and CVD, and patients with respiratory diseases or conditions. On the one hand, despite that a period of quarantine is the best option and recommendation to stop the rapid spread infections, this may have collateral effects on other dimensions of the isolated patients health, and especially in thosementioned as being at higher risk. Initiating a sudden quarantine state implies a radical change in the lifestyle of the population. These lifestyles and behaviors in many cases include a certain level of physical activity (PA) and exercise to maintain an adequate health status, to counteract the negative consequences of certain diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, CVD, respiratory diseases, or

title: Tabletop exercise to prepare institutions of higher education for an outbreak of COVID 19.
abstract: Complete Table Top Exercise Manual.

title: Tabletop exercise to prepare institutions of higher education for an outbreak of COVID 19.
abstract: Preparing for public health emergencies is an ongoing process and involves a variety of approaches and tools. Tabletop exercises are one of the tools designed to simulate the emergence of a public health emergency and address some or all of the phases of emergency management: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.1 They typically are designed to include participation of stakeholders from diverse and complementary backgrounds, including command, operations, logistics, planning, and  Effective tabletop exercises provide a plausible scenario that require cooperation and communication from these functional areas. Tabletops also require forward thinking and planning in a variety of scenarios. When a public health emergency occurs, decision makers may be overwhelmed with decisions that need their immediate attention. Tabletop exercises can provide a framework to help decision makers anticipate future challenges, which may provide the mental model encompassing knowledge and insights that inform both current and future decisions.

title: 2020 Coronavirus COVID 19 Lessons learned from SARS A guide for hospitals and employers
abstract: Lessons learned from the 2003 SARS outbreak and subsequent li ga on are key in understanding hospital and government obliga ons in the context of COVID 19. Governments have an overarching public duty of care owed to the public at large, not a private duty of care to frontline hospital staff or pa ents. Hospitals have legal obliga ons during pandemics, including owing a private duty of care to their staff, personnel and pa ents. In light of conflic ng du es, hospitals must keep in mind the fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of pa ents and employees, and in par cular, the elevated duty of precau onary care, referred to as the "precau onary principle" in planning and taking all reasonable precau ons to protect staff.

title: Impact of COVID 19 on Food Security and Nutrition (FSN) by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and nutrition (HLPE)
abstract: Given the very short notice of the CFS's urgent request, and the fact that the present crisis is unprecedented in its scale, changing rapidly and with many unknowns, this document should be viewed as a preliminary discussion document aimed to help inform the CFS about the impact of COVID 19 on food security and nutrition (FSN) as currently perceived by HLPE. Following discussion with the Bureau and Advisory Group of the CFS, the HLPE anticipates further updates to this document as the situation evolves, as well as integrating the issue in the next HLPE Report: "Food security and nutrition: a global narrative towards 2030"

title: Flattening the COVID 19 peak: Containment and mitigation policies
abstract: FLATTENING THE COVID 19 PEAK:  POLICIES (c) OECD 2020 COVID 19 cases have grown rapidly in a growing number of countries, triggering bold policy responses. This document focuses on containment and mitigation measures to flatten the peak of COVID 19 and thus decrease as much as possible its huge strain on health care systems. The brief explains what containment and mitigation measures are, why there is a need to adopt a package of measures to enhance their overall impact, and then presents evidence on the relative effectiveness of each main measure, drawing from previous episodes of epidemic outbursts, largely to inform on a possible exit strategy once the virus is under control. Flattening the covid 19 peak: Containment and mitigation policies Flattening the COVID 19 peak: Containment and mitigation policies

title: COVID 19: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine research
abstract: There is currently a lack of strong evidence with strong trial design that this medication (chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine) works for COVID 19 patients. The former is used to prevent and treat malaria while the later (trade name Plaquenil) was first used to prevent and treat malaria, it is also used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, some symptoms of lupus erythematosis, childhood arthritis (or juvenile idiopathic arthritis) and other autoimmune diseases. The body of evidence thus far has been In recent weeks, information on the potential use of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of people with COVID 19 has been disseminated in academic journals and public media. Although there are now ongoing clinical trials testing the efficacy and safety of several medicines for COVID 19, as of the date of this document, there is a lack of quality evidence to demonstrate chloroquine and/or hydroxychloroquine are effective in the treatment of COVID 19. Evidence is recently emerging via small studies with sub optimal methodologies that are conflicting. In some countries in the Americas, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine is readily available, in some cases as an over the counter medicine. National authorities should take measures to control the use of these medicines and prevent self medication. The use of chloroquine and/or hydroxychloroquine outside of current guidelines and recommendations may result in adverse effects, including serious illness and death, and have a negative impact on other diseases where there is proven benefit. Public health authorities are urged to prioritize resources on those interventions that are currently recommended for standard of care. En semanas recientes se ha estado difundiendo informacion en medios academicos y publicos sobre el posible uso de cloroquina o hidroxicloroquina para el tratamiento de las personas con COVID 19. Si bien se estan haciendo ensayos clinicos de la eficacia y la seguridad de varios medicamentos para esta enfermedad, a la fecha del presente documento no habia evidencia de buena calidad que demostrara que la cloroquina o la hidroxicloroquina fueran eficaces para el tratamiento de la COVID 19. Ultimamente ha surgido evidencia, producto de pequenos estudios con metodologias suboptimas, que son conflictivos. En algunos paises de la Region de las Americas, la cloroquina se consigue facilmente, en algunos casos incluso sin receta. Las autoridades nacionales deben tomar medidas para controlar el uso de estos medicamentos y prevenir la automedicacion. El uso de cloroquina o hidroxicloroquina sin seguir las directrices y las recomendaciones vigentes puede tener efectos adversos, entre ellos una enfermedad grave y la muerte, asi como efectos negativos en otras enfermedades para las cuales estos medicamentos son beneficiosos. Se insta a las autoridades de salud publica a que den prioridad a la asignacion de recursos para las intervenciones recomendadas actualmente como tratamiento de referencia.

title: Guidelines as Europe and North America to Halt the Spread of COVID 19?
abstract: Social distancing has become the primary policy prescription for combating the COVID 19 pandemic, and has been widely adopted in Europe and North America. We combine country specifi c economic estimates of the benefi ts of disease avoidance with an epidemiological model that projects the spread of COVID 19 to analyze whether the benefi ts of social distancing and suppression varies across rich and poor countries. This modeling exercise yields the following key insights:

title: Resources to Support Your Mental Health During the COVID 19 Outbreak

title: Generalized logistic growth modeling of the COVID 19 outbreak in 29 provinces in China and in the rest of the world
abstract: the COVID 19 has been successfully contained in China but is spreading all over the world. We use phenomenological models to dissect the development of the epidemics in China and the impact of the drastic control measures both at the aggregate level and within each province. We use the experience from China to analyze the calibration results on Japan, South Korea, Iran, Italy and Europe, and make future scenario projections.  we calibrate the logistic growth model, the generalized logistic growth model, the generalized growth model and the generalized Richards model to the reported number of infected cases from Jan. 19 to March 10 for the whole of China, 29 provinces in China, four severely affected countries and Europe as a whole. The different models provide upper and lower bounds of our scenario predictions.  We quantitatively document four phases of the outbreak in China with a detailed analysis on the heterogenous situations across provinces. Based on Chinese experience, we identify a high risk in Japan with estimated total confirmed cases as of March 25 being 1574 (95% CI: [880, 2372] and 5669 (95% CI: [988, 11340] by June. For South Korea, we expect the number of infected cases to approach the ceiling, 7928 (95% CI: [6341, 9754] in 20 days. We estimate 0.15% (95% CI: [0.03% 0.30% of Italian population to be infected in a positive scenario. We would expect 114867 people infected in Europe in 10 days, in a negative but probable scenario, corresponding to 0.015% European population.  The extreme containment measures implemented by China were very effective with some instructive variations across provinces. For other countries, it is almost inevitable to see the continuation of the outbreak in the coming months. Japan and Italy are in serious situations with no short term end to the outbreak to be expected. There is a significant risk concerning the upcoming July 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Iran's situation is highly uncertain with unclear and negative future scenarios, while South Korea is approaching the end of the outbreak. Both Europe and the USA are at early stages of the outbreak, posing significant health and economic risks to the world in absence of serious measures.