Query: road disease

title: Silk Road Disease

title: 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19) Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point of Care Diagnostics
abstract: We believe a point of care (PoC) device for the rapid detection of the 2019 novel Coronavirus (SARS CoV 2) is crucial and urgently needed. With this perspective, we give suggestions regarding a potential candidate for the rapid detection of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) as well as factors for the preparedness and response to the outbreak of the COVID 19.

title: The Amyloid Hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Progress and Problems on the Road to Therapeutics
abstract: It has been more than 10 years since it was first proposed that the neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be caused by deposition of amyloid b peptide (Ab) in plaques in brain tissue. According to the amyloid hypothesis, accumulation of Ab in the brain is the primary influence driving AD pathogenesis. The rest of the disease process, including formation of neurofibrillary tangles containing tau protein, is proposed to result from an imbalance between Ab production and Ab clearance.

title: Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
abstract: The global burden of road injuries is known to follow complex geographical, temporal and demographic patterns. While health loss from road injuries is a major topic of global importance, there has been no recent comprehensive assessment that includes estimates for every age group, sex and country over recent years.  We used results from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study to report incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, deaths, years of life lost and disability adjusted life years for all locations in the GBD 2017 hierarchy from 1990 to 2017 for road injuries. Second, we measured mortality to incidence ratios by location. Third, we assessed the distribution of the natures of injury (eg, traumatic brain injury) that result from each road injury.  Globally, 1 243 068 (95% uncertainty interval 1 191 889 to 1 276 940) people died from road injuries in 2017 out of 54 192 330 (47 381 583 to 61 645 891) new cases of road injuries. Age standardised incidence rates of road injuries increased between 1990 and 2017, while mortality rates decreased. Regionally, age standardised mortality rates decreased in all but two regions, South Asia and Southern Latin America, where rates did not change significantly. Nine of 21 GBD regions experienced significant increases in age standardised incidence rates, while 10 experienced significant decreases and two experienced no significant change.  While road injury mortality has improved in recent decades, there are worsening rates of incidence and significant geographical heterogeneity. These findings indicate that more research is needed to better understand how road injuries can be prevented.

title: Image analysis method for road disease morphology characteristic
abstract: Pavement cracks are main forms of road diseases.To record the detail information of road cracks accurately,it is necessary to analyze morphological characteristics of pavement cracks in the process of detecting cracks.Aimed at this problem,an evaluation method for road cracks morphological characteristics was proposed.Firstly,disconnect portions in the images of cracks extracted were connected by the operation of dilation.Then,the images with single pixel width cracks were obtained by the thinning processing.Finally,tour code and chain code were used to count the number of pixels and morphological characteristics of pavement cracks.Experimental result shows that the proposed evaluation method in this paper is effective to describe the morphology characteristics of crack,having practical value.

title: An SVM based Algorithm for Road Disease Detection using Accelerometer
abstract: A signal processing algorithm based on the principle of support vector machines as well as the analysis to the characteristics of road surface diseases is proposed to detect pavement disease. Measurements from vehicle mounted sensors (e.g. accelerometers and Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers) are properly combined to produce higher quality road roughness data for road surface condition monitoring. By using the proposed algorithm to identify the measurements, the test results show that this algorithm is suitable for pavement disease detection and is an efficient algorithm.

title: Numerical Simulation Modeling of GPR on Road Disease
abstract: Numerical simulation of ground penetrating radar is an effective way of analyzing and studying high frequency electromagnetic wave propagation rules in the underground media. In this paper, Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is used for numerical simulation to form radar records reflection profile about road disease such as loose disease. The purpose is to study and sum up the radar wave propagation rules and reflection signal characters in this diseases media, in order to provide reliable theory support for road maintenance and evaluation.

title: Chemokines as Therapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Disease: The Road Behind, The Road Ahead
abstract: With the incidence and impact of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its clinical manifestations still rising, therapeutic options that target the causal mechanisms of this disorder are highly desired. Since the CANTOS trial (Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study) has demonstrated that lowering inflammation can be beneficial, focusing on mechanisms underlying inflammation, for example, leukocyte recruitment, is feasible. Being key orchestrators of leukocyte trafficking, chemokines have not lost their attractiveness as therapeutic targets, despite the difficult road to drug approval thus far. Still, innovative therapeutic approaches are being developed, paving the road towards the first chemokine based therapeutic against inflammation. In this overview, recent developments for chemokines and for the chemokine like factor MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) will be discussed.

title: On the road to universal health care in Indonesia, 1990 2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
abstract: As Indonesia moves to provide health coverage for all citizens, understanding patterns of morbidity and mortality is important to allocate resources and address inequality. The Global Burden of Disease 2016 study (GBD 2016) estimates sources of early death and disability, which can inform policies to improve health care.  We used GBD 2016 results for cause specific deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, disability adjusted life years (DALYs) life expectancy at birth, healthy life expectancy, and risk factors for 333 causes in Indonesia and in seven comparator countries. Estimates were produced by location, year, age, and sex using methods outlined in GBD 2016. Using the Socio demographic Index, we generated expected values for each metric and compared these against observed results.  In Indonesia between 1990 and 2016, life expectancy increased by 8*0 years (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 7*3 8*8) to 71*7 years (71*0 72*3) the increase was 7*4 years (6*4 8*6) for males and 8*7 years (7*8 9*5) for females. Total DALYs due to communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional causes decreased by 58*6% (95% UI 55*6 61*6) from 43*8 million (95% UI 41*4 46*5) to 18*1 million (16*8 19*6) whereas total DALYs from non communicable diseases rose. DALYs due to injuries decreased, both in crude rates and in age standardised rates. The three leading causes of DALYs in 2016 were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and diabetes. Dietary risks were a leading contributor to the DALY burden, accounting for 13*6% (11*8 15*4) of DALYs in 2016.  Over the past 27 years, health across many indicators has improved in Indonesia. Improvements are partly offset by rising deaths and a growing burden of non communicable diseases. To maintain and increase health gains, further work is needed to identify successful interventions and improve health equity.

title: Blood based biomarkers for Alzheimer disease: mapping the road to the clinic
abstract: Biomarker discovery and development for clinical research, diagnostics and therapy monitoring in clinical trials have advanced rapidly in key areas of medicine most notably, oncology and cardiovascular diseases allowing rapid early detection and supporting the evolution of biomarker guided, precision medicine based targeted therapies. In Alzheimer disease (AD) breakthroughs in biomarker identification and validation include cerebrospinal fluid and PET markers of amyloid b and tau proteins, which are highly accurate in detecting the presence of AD associated pathophysiological and neuropathological changes. However, the high cost, insufficient accessibility and/or invasiveness of these assays limit their use as viable first line tools for detecting patterns of pathophysiology. Therefore, a multistage, tiered approach is needed, prioritizing development of an initial screen to exclude from these tests the high numbers of people with cognitive deficits who do not demonstrate evidence of underlying AD pathophysiology. This Review summarizes the efforts of an international working group that aimed to survey the current landscape of blood based AD biomarkers and outlines operational steps for an effective academic industry co development pathway from identification and assay development to validation for clinical use.Advances in biomarker research are aiding the development of targeted therapies and prevention strategies for Alzheimer disease (AD) In this Review, an international working group assesses the current status of blood based AD biomarkers and outlines a roadmap for future research. (CSF) and PET markers of amyloid b and tau proteins are accurate in detecting the neuropathological changes of Alzheimer disease (AD).The use of CSF and PET biomarkers is limited by invasiveness or high costs; to address these issues, blood based AD biomarkers are eagerly awaited.An international, interdisciplinary expert working group was convened by the Alzheimer's Precision Medicine Initiative to discuss the ideal development process for blood based biomarkers.Nineteen blood based biomarker assays were selected by the working group for further consideration.The working group outlined the pathway from biomarker identification and assay development to validation for clinical use and proposed clear steps for effective academic industry co development of blood based AD biomarkers.The development, standardization and validation of blood based biomarkers will be paramount to the implementation of precision medicine in AD.