Query: ethanol engine

title: Surface virtual texturing of the journal bearings of a three cylinder ethanol engine
abstract: This paper aims to numerically investigate the surface texturing effects on the main bearings of a three cylinder ethanol engine in terms of the power loss and friction coefficient for dynamic load conditions.,The mathematical formulation considers the Partir Cheng modified Reynolds equation. The mass conserving Elrod Adams p th model with the JFO approach is used to deal with cavitation. A fluid structure coupling procedure is considered for the elastohydrodynamic lubrication. Accordingly, a 3 D linear elastic substructured finite element model obtained from Abaqus is applied,Simulations were carried out considering different dimple texture designs in terms of location, depth and radius. The results suggested that there are regions where texturing is more effective. In addition, distinct journal rotation speeds are studied and the surface texture was able to reduce friction and the power loss by 7%,The surface texturing can be a useful technique to reduce the power loss on the crankshaft bearing increasing the overall engine efficiency.,The surface texturing performance in a three cylinder engine using ethanol as fuel was investigated through numerical experimentation. The results are supported by previous findings.,The peer review history for this article is available at: https:/publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT 09 2019 0380/

title: POTENTIAL OF WATER INJECTION ON THE COMBUSTION AND EMISSIONS CHARACTERISTICS IN A HCCI ETHANOL ENGINE

title: Author response for "Surface virtual texturing of the journal bearings of a three cylinder ethanol engine"

title: Purification of fuel ethanol engine exhaust with platinum loaded Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 catalyst
abstract: This work aimed at exploring a new kind of purification catalysts for fuel ethanol engine exhaust. Platinum loaded on Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 was prepared by impregnation method and characterized by X ray diffraction, Brunner Emmet Teller measurements (BET) temperature programmed reduction of hydrogen, scanning electron microscope, and X ray photoelectron spectra. The three way catalyst platinum/ceria zirconia/fw is prepared with the paste ball mill coating technique. And the catalytic performance is evaluated under simulated fuel ethanol engine exhaust gas condition. The catalysts not only show excellent low temperature performances and several way catalytic activities for carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and acetaldehyde but also have better high temperature resistance. The addition of sulfur dioxide to feedstream degrades the performances of the catalysts.

title: Simulation of a series hybrid electric vehicle powered by brazilian hydrated ethanol engine
abstract: The search for energy security and lower greenhouse gas emissions promoted the commercialization of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and alternative fuels as two separated solutions, instead of together. It is well known that HEVs present better fuel consumption than conventional vehicles, contrarily; vehicles running on ethanol presents lower fuel consumption than vehicles running on gasoline. This thesis analyzes the use of Brazilian hydrated ethanol (E100) in HEVs and its effects on fuel consumption. Therefore, a series HEV model was developed in the GT Suite software, which used experimental data of two internal combustion engines, both running on E100. The first engine was a Ford Sigma 1.6L flex fuel while the other engine was a supercharged 1.0L prototype designed to operate exclusively with E100, which can operate with water injection. The simulations covered 5 standard driving cycles and 2 real world driving cycles. The results showed that, in urban driving cycles, the series HEV model presented lower fuel consumptions than a conventional flex fuel vehicle model with the same Ford Sigma flex fuel engine. Furthermore, it also obtained lower consumptions than conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles; in some cases, it also had lower consumptions than HEVs with gasoline engines and, even, with HCCI engines. Similarly, the use of water injection presented better consumptions than without using it. In conclusion, employing E100 in HEVs looks like a viable option to diminish fuel consumption for urban vehicles. Nonetheless, the biggest challenge to apply this technology in other countries could be its cold start operation, which is exacerbated due to the start/stop operation of the HEV's engine.

title: A comparative study on the combustion and emissions of a non road common rail diesel engine fueled with primary alcohol fuels (methanol, ethanol, and n butanol)/diesel dual fuel
abstract: Primary alcohol fuels are the most promising fuels for diesel engines, thanks to their low emissions and easy adaptability to engine technologies. In this paper, the effects of the addition of methanol, ethanol, and n butanol on the combustion characteristics and performance of a common rail dual fuel engine with diesel direct injection and alcohol fuel port injection are examined, followed by a comparative analysis of the test results. The test engine was operated at the maximum torque speed of 2500 rpm, and with a mean effective pressure (IMEP) of 0.75 MPa. The engine performance was analyzed for different alcohol/diesel fuel mixtures by using five alcohol substitute percentages (ASPs) 0% (pure diesel) 10% 20% 30% and 40% The experimental results demonstrate that slower flame development and faster flame propagation can be obtained by mixing any of the three alcohol fuels with diesel, compared with the pure diesel. With an increased ASP, the coefficient of variation of IMEP (COVIMEP) and the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased, and the ringing intensity (RI) first increased and then dropped. The addition of primary alcohol fuels in the dual fuel mode can also increase the total hydrocarbon (THC) and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions, but the carbon monoxide (CO) and soot emissions decrease. The comparative analysis indicated that the addition of methanol has the lowest COVIMEP and RI and the highest BTE among the three alcohol fuels. Adding methanol produces the lowest CO, NOX, and soot emissions and the highest THC emissions among the three alcohol fuels.

title: Effect of Acetone n Butanol Ethanol (ABE) as an Oxygenate on Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine
abstract: Ethanol is the most extensively used oxygenate for spark ignition (SI) engines. In comparison with ethanol, n butanol exhibits a number of desirable properties for use in SI engines, which has proved to be a very promising oxygenated alternative fuel in recent years. However, the dehydration and recovery of bio n butanol consume extra money and energy in the acetone n butanol ethanol (ABE) fermentation process. Hence, we focus on the research of ABE as a potential oxygenated alternative fuel in SI engines. The combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of B30, E30, ABE30 (i.e. 30 vol. n butanol, ethanol, and ABE blended with 70 vol. gasoline) and G100 (pure gasoline) were compared in this study. The comparison results between B30, E30, and ABE30 at stoichiometric conditions show that ABE30 presents retarded combustion phasing, higher brake thermal efficiency, lower CO emissions, higher UHC emissions, and similar NOx emissions. In comparison with G100 under various engine loads and equivalence ratios, for the most part, ABE30 exhibits 1.4% higher brake thermal efficiency, 14% lower carbon monoxide, 9.7% lower unburned hydrocarbons, and 23.4% lower nitrogen oxides. It is indicated that ABE could be served as the oxygenate in spark ignition engine due to its capability to improve energy efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.

title: Performance improvement and exhaust emissions reduction in diesel engine through the use of graphene quantum dot (GQD) nanoparticles and ethanol biodiesel blends
abstract: In the present study, the effects of graphene quantum dot (GQD) nano particles on performance and emissions of a diesel engine with ethanol biodiesel blends was investigated. Biodiesel was used in the blend of B10. The GQD nano particles with concentration of 30 ppm were considered for each fuel blend. Experiments were performed at engine speeds of 1800, 2100 and 2400 rpm. Various parameters, such as power, torque, specific fuel consumption (SFC) carbon monoxide (CO) carbon dioxide (CO2) unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were investigated. The results showed that adding GQD nanoparticles to fuel increased power and torque by 28.18% and 12.42% respectively, and reduced SFC, CO and UHC by 14.35% 29.54% and 31.12% respectively, compared to D100 fuel. Finally, it can be concluded that GQD nano particles can be introduced as a suitable alternative fuel additive for ethanol biodiesel blends. Also, the adding GQD nanoparticles to fuel could be a viable alternative solution to diesel that can effectively address global energy crisis and environmental issues.

title: Numerical study on emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel spirulina microalgae ethanol blends at various operating conditions
abstract: The exhaust gas emissions from a compression ignition (CI) engines are mostly depend on the nature of fuel mixture, combustion chamber, and injection parameters. Higher combustion temperature, which leads to oxides of nitrogen (NOX) emission. In the present study, an engine of single cylinder, direct cooling was operated at 1500 rpm speed with variable engine loads. Numerical simulation is performed using blends of diesel, spirulina microalgae biodiesel (BSP20, BSP40, and BSP100) and diesel spirulina microalgae biodiesel ethanol (DSP80E20) In this study, a variation in fuel injection timings (15.5deg b TDC 27.5deg b TDC) nozzle diameters (0.15 mm 0.4 mm) and swirl ratios (0.5 3.0) are investigated for emission characteristics (NOX, particulate matter, smoke and summary of emission) Results indicated that by increasing nozzle diameter (ND) injection timing (IT) and swirl ratio (SWR) the NOX emission is increased noticeably. Additionally, increasing ND, IT and SWR leads to higher particulate matter and summary of emissions for diesel and DSP80E20 but lower for BSP20 and BSP40 blends. The reduction in NOX emissions using DSP80E20, BSP20 and BSP40 blends as compared to diesel fuel. The results showed that at 0.25 mm (nozzle diameter) of spirulina microalgae, and ethanol blended fuel showed better response. Smoke emission reduced with spirulina microalgae and ethanol due to the higher oxygen percentage within the blends. A significant decrease of particulate matter and summary of emission was also observed.

title: The comparison of combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of ethanol, methanol, fusel oil, butanol, isopropanol and naphtha with n heptane blends on HCCI engine
abstract: Recently, there has been increased emphasis on the homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine which offers higher thermal efficiency and ultra low NOx and soot emissions. The central thesis of this paper is that the effects of different alternative fuels with different physical and chemical properties on combustion, performance and emissions in a HCCI engine. Ethanol (E25) methanol (M25) fusel oil (F25) butanol (B25) isopropanol (IP25) and naphtha (N25) were used alternative fuels blended with n heptane 25% by volume. The experiments were performed at 333 K intake air temperature (IAT) and with various excess air coefficient in a single cylinder SI HCCI test engine. The parameters such as in cylinder pressure, heat release rate (HRR) start of combustion (SOC) combustion duration, CA50, indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) COVIMEP, maximum pressure rise rate (MPRR) HC and CO emissions were investigated. In addition, operating range of the fuels were also defined. The results showed that N25 has the largest operating range among all the test fuels. The maximum indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) value was obtained for E25 as 5.71 bar at 800 rpm engine speed and l 1.3. Knocking tendency were determined for all test fuels but it decreased with increasing lambda value. The highest HC and CO emissions were obtained for F25 due to the water content of the fuel. On the contrary, the lowest HC and CO emissions were obtained for N25.