Query: cellulose，CO2 capture

title: Multifunctional Carbon Aerogels with Hierarchical Anisotropic Structure Derived from Lignin and Cellulose Nanofibers for CO2 Capture and Energy Storage
abstract: In current times, CO2 capture and lightweight energy storage are receiving significant attention and will be vital functions in next generation materials. Porous carbonaceous materials have great potential in these areas, whereas most of the developed carbon materials still have significant limitations, such as nonrenewable resources, complex and costly processing, or the absence of tailorable structure. In this study, a new strategy is developed for using the currently underutilized lignin and cellulose nanofibers, which can be extracted from renewable resources to produce high performance multifunctional carbon aerogels with a tailorable, anisotropic pore structure. Both the macro and microstructure of the carbon aerogels can be simultaneously controlled by carefully tuning the weight ratio of lignin to cellulose nanofibers in the precursors, which considerably influences their final porosity and surface area. The designed carbon aerogels demonstrate excellent performance in both CO2 capture and capacitive energy storage, and the best results exhibit a CO2 adsorption capacity of 5.23 mmol g 1 at 273 K and 100 kPa and a specific electrical double layer capacitance of 124 F g 1 at a current density of 0.2 A g 1, indicating that they have great future potential in the relevant applications.

title: CO2 capture performance and characterization of cellulose aerogels synthesized from old corrugated containers.
abstract: Old corrugated containers with low recyclability were used as raw materials to synthesize a series of aerogels with varying cellulose concentrations in NaOH/urea solution via a freeze drying process. The resulting aerogels had a rich porous structure with specific surface areas in the range of 132.72 245.19 m2.g 1 and mesopore volumes in the range of 0.73 1.53 cm3.g 1, and were tested for CO2 sorption at ambient temperature and pressure, displaying excellent CO2 adsorption capacities in the range of 1.96 11.78 mmol.g 1. Furthermore, the CO2/N2 selectivity of aerogels decreased with decreasing specific surface area, which was mainly caused by the decrease in CO2 capture. In addition, the CO2 sorption capacity of the sample with 2% cellulose content, CA 2, exceeded the values reported so far for many other sorbents with higher specific surface areas, and showed reasonable cyclic stability for CO2 capture. Therefore, this adsorbent represents an attractive prospect for CO2 uptake at room temperature.

title: A facile method for in situ fabrication of silica/cellulose aerogels and their application in CO2 capture.
abstract: Old corrugated containers based cellulose and fly ash based fresh wet silica gel were used as raw materials for in situ synthesis of a series of silica/cellulose aerogels in NaOH/urea solution. At a silicon to cellulose ratio of less than 2.5:1, the skeleton structure of the synthesized composite material was dominated by fibrils decorated with spherical silica nanoparticles. At a silicon to cellulose ratio of higher than 2.5:1, the skeleton structure of the composite material was dominated by spherical silica particles interspersed with cellulose. The synthesized composite material was applied to capture CO2 at ambient temperature and pressure. We observed that with increasing silicon content, the CO2 adsorption capacity of the composite material decreased (regardless of its dominant structure) while its selectivity for CO2/N2 increased. This work presents a facile method for the synthesis of adsorption material that has high capacity and selectivity for CO2.

title: Evaluation of high temperature CO2 capture performance of cellulose templated CaO based pellets
abstract: The addition of biomass based pore forming templates is an effective approach to improve CO2 capture performance of CaO based pellets. In this work, cellulose templated CaO based pellets were prepared via an extrusion spherization method. The cyclic CO2 uptake capacity of cellulose templated pellets was investigated with the variation of pellet size, particle size of cellulose and pre calcination conditions. It is found that the smaller pellets possess the faster CO2 capture rate during chemical reaction controlled stage, while the pellet size scarcely affects the ultima CO2 capture capacities of cellulose templated pellets in 30 min carbonation. Although the addition of cellulose template contributes to enhance CO2 uptake of CaO based sorbent pellets (over 0.32 g CO2/g sorbent after 25 cycles) the particle size of cellulose plays a limited role on the CO2 capture performance enhancement effectiveness. Additionally, the cellulose templated pellets pre calcined under severe conditions (air calcination and coal combustion) exhibit the inferior, initial CO2 capture capacities due to the excessive sintering as a result of heat release of cellulose and coal combustion. However, severe pretreatments are rewarding to improve the CO2 sorption stability of cellulose templated sorbent pellets because of the generation of large amounts of micro sized cavities which are less sensitive to sintering.

title: Development of novel hybrid ionic fluids for efficient CO2 capture and cellulose dissolution
abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered as green solvents and have shown tremendous potential in numerous applications. Despite many advantages, the scientific community across the globe is well aware about some of their limitations. Herein we attempt to develop a novel Hybrid Ionic Fluid (HIF) by combining IL and DES having a common ion that might overcome the individual limitations and show efficient applications. We have developed two HIFs namely Glyn ChLac and Glyn EmimCl by combining glyceline (Glyn) DES with choline lactate (ChLac) IL and 1 ethyl 3 methylimidazolium chloride (EmimCl) IL, respectively. Both the HIFs were analyzed by using 1H NMR, DSC, and FTIR techniques and compared them with their respective constituents. Glyn ChLac HIF shows two fold CO2 capture compared to its starting material constituents. The desorption experiment and free volume calculation confirm that CO2 capture using HIF is physical adsorption. Similarly, Glyn EmimCl HIF demonstrates efficient cellulose dissolution when compared with its starting materials. In a time span of merely 6 seconds, HIF could be able to dissolve 5 wt% of microcrystalline cellulose. Moreover, the solid EmimCl have successfully been used in microwave technique for cellulose dissolution in the form of HIF. The common ion present in both the HIFs could be playing a major role in binding the starting material constituents and eventually leading to efficient applications. Furthermore, the HIFs have more flexibility in tuning the potential by altering the ions as compared to ILs and DES and need more investigation to prove itself as a better alternative green solvent.

title: Mixtures of Cellulose Fibers from Pineapple Leaves, Ionic Liquid, and Alkanolamines for CO2 Capture
abstract: Researchers around the world are looking for ways to improve or develop new technologies to mitigate the emissions of CO2 present in greenhouse gases. Amines are currently the most used substances to capture CO2. The ionic liquids (ILs) however, have also been considered promising materials. Recently, mixtures of ILs and amines have been studied for this purpose. The ILs are also being supported in solid matrices (polymers, zeolites, cellulose, and membranes) to obtain stable, easy to handle, and reusable materials. Cellulose fibers make a promising matrix, considering their affinity with CO2, renewable feature, and thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability. To improve the CO2 capture capacity by using cellulose and the mixture of ILs and amines, we prepared mixtures of the ionic liquid 1 butyl 3 methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4] and monoethanolamine or triethanolamine. Then, we dropped the mixtures on natural cellulose fibers from pineapple leaves. This paper reports the characterization of the composite materials by FTIR, XRD, XPS, FESEM, and TGA FTIR in order to evaluate their structure, composition, morphology, and thermal behavior. We also report the CO2 sorption capacity at 25 degC and 25 bar as determined by the pressure decay technique as well as the CO2 selectivity using a CO2/CH4 mixture. We found that the fiber with an alkaline treatment containing 35 of IL and 35 of TEA captures the highest amount of CO2 (141 mg of CO2/g of fiber) and that the mixture TEA/IL is more selective for CO2.

title: High level production in a plant system of a thermostable carbonic anhydrase and its immobilization on microcrystalline cellulose beads for CO2 capture
abstract: Plant produced SazCA and its application to CO2capture. Technologies that rely on chemical absorption or physical adsorption have been developed to capture CO2 from industrial flue gases and sequester it at storage sites. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) metalloenzymes, that catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 have recently received attention as biocatalysts in the capture of CO2 from flue gases, but their cost presents a major obstacle for use at an industrial scale. This cost, however, can be reduced either by producing a long lasting enzyme suitable for CO2 capture or by lowering production costs. High level expression, easy purification, and immobilization of CAs from Sulfurihydrogenibium azorense (SazCA) were investigated in a plant system. Fusion of the 60 amino acid long ectodomain (M domain) of the human receptor type tyrosine protein phosphatase C increased the levels of SazCA accumulation. Fusion of the cellulose binding module (CBM3) from Clostridium thermocellum resulted in tight binding of recombinant protein to microcrystalline cellulose beads, enabling easy purification. The chimeric fusion protein, BMC SazCA, which consisted of SazCA with the M and CBM3 domains, was expressed in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) giving a recombinant protein yield in leaf extracts of 350 mg/kg fresh weight. BMC SazCA produced in planta was active in the presence of various chemicals used in CO2 capture. Immobilization of BMC SazCA on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose beads extended its heat stability, allowing its reuse in multiple rounds of the CO2 hydration reaction. These results suggest that production of SazCA in plants has great potential for CA based CO2 sequestration and mineralization.

title: Preparation of an Amine Modified Cellulose Nanocrystal Aerogel by Chemical Vapor Deposition and Its Application in CO2 Capture
abstract: At present, cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) aerogels with high adsorption properties for CO2 are mostly prepared by the liquid phase method which leads to the problem of modifier loss. In this work, a

title: Amine grafted cellulose aerogel for CO2 capture
abstract: A cellulose aerogel (CA) was fabricated by a phase inversion induced sol gel process along with supercritical drying. An amine grafted cellulose aerogel (AGCA) was prepared by grafting 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) onto the framework of the cellulose gel. The morphology, microstructure, pore structure and elemental composition of the CA and AGCA were characterized. Both CA and AGCA exhibited highly porous network consisting of fibrous network and nanopores. APTES grafting leaded to the blockage of the pore space of the CA and generated more nanopores. The specific surface area and pore volume of the AGCA is higher than those of the CA owing to the APTES grafting. The AGCA achieved a CO 2 adsorption capacity of 1.20 mmol/g with dry 1% CO 2 and exhibited excellent stability within 20 adsorption desorption cycles

title: Environmental Sustainability of Cellulose Supported Solid Ionic Liquids for CO2 Capture
abstract: Solid ionic liquids (SoILs) with cellulose as a support have been demonstrated recently to be effective and low cost sorbents for CO2 capture. However, at present it is not clear whether they remove more CO2 than is released in the rest of the life cycle, including their manufacture, regeneration and disposal. It is also unknown what other impacts they may have over the whole life cycle while attempting to mitigate climate change. Therefore, this study evaluates for the first time the life cycle environmental sustainability of cellulose supported SoILs in comparison with unsupported SoILs and some other sorbents. Four SoILs are assessed for 11 life cycle impacts, including global warming potential (GWP) with and without the cellulose support: methyltrioctyl ammonium acetate [N1888][Ac] tetraethyl ammonium acetate [N4444][Ac] tetra octylammonium bromide [N8888]Br) and 1 butyl 4 methylimidazolium bromide [Bmim]Br) They are compared with one of the ILs in the liquid state (trihexyltetradecylphosphonium 1,2,4 triazolide [P66614][124Triz] and with three conventional sorbents: monoethanolamine (MEA) zeolite powder and activated carbon. The results show that SoILs with cellulose loading in the range of 70% 80 wt% have better environmental performance per unit mass of CO2 captured than the unsupported SoILs. The net removal of CO2 eq. over the life cycle ranges from 20% for pure [Bmim]Br to 83% for [N1888][Ac] with 75% cellulose and for [N4444][Ac] with both 75% and 80% loadings. However, pure [N8888]Br generates three times more CO2 eq. over the life cycle than it removes. Among the SoILs, [N4444][Ac] with 80% cellulose has the lowest life cycle impacts for eight out of 11 categories. When compared to the conventional sorbents, it has significantly higher impacts, including GWP. However, it is more sustainable than [P66614][124Triz] The results of this study can be used to target the hotspots and improve the environmental performance of cellulose supported SoILs through sustainable design.