Query: Women with addicted wives

title: A comparison study on family violence rate in wives with addicted and non addicted husbands in Urmia
abstract: As a major problem, addiction endangers life of people and makes families confront various problems such as violence against women.  300 women who had experienced violence (39 of them had addicted husbands) were investigated. The researchers collected data by a questionnaire about physical, sexual, economic and verbal mental violence.  The rate of physical, sexual and economic violence among women with addicted husbands was 92.3% (36 women) 79.5% (31women) and 76.9% (30 women) respectively. This rate among women with non addicted was 88.9% (232 women) 71.6% (187women) and 88.9% (232 women) The rate of physical (P=0.042) and economic violence (P= 0.036) against women with addicted husbands was higher. However, there wasn't a significant relationship between husbands' addiction and sexual violence.  Considering the results, it is necessary to make effort to prevent addiction through careful pre marriage tests and eliminate factors which cause addiction such as poverty and unemployment.

title: Coping with Stress, Depression and Fear of Negative Social Evaluation through Comparing Wives of Addicted and non Addicted Men
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate ways of coping with stress, depression and fear of negative social evaluation through comparing wives of addicted and non addicted men. A causal comparative research was used by us. Thus, 100 women with addicted husbands referred to addiction centers were selected by simple random sampling method and 100 wives of non addicted men referred to a health center in Zahedan were selected by available sampling method. They completed the Lazarus Folkman confrontation methods (1985) Beck depression questionnaire (1971) and Leary's fear of negative evaluation scale (2004) Findings from Manova analysis show a statistically significant difference between women with addicted husbands and those with non addicted husbands in emotion oriented coping style, depression and fear of negative social evaluation, and addicted men's wives obtained more scores in under listed scales (p 0/05) Women with non addicted husbands obtained more scores in problem focused coping style. Findings show the importance of drug abuse consequences in families' and couples' life. Accordingly, practical and theoretical counselling is recommended to reduce damage on family members with addicted problems and provide a supportive atmosphere.

title: Comparing Violence against Women with and Without an Addicted Spouse in Kashan, Iran
abstract: Although some studies have been conducted on violence against women, but all these studies were conducted in the general population and not the wives of addicts. This study was aimed to compare the violence against women with and without an addicted spouse.  This comparative study was conducted on 200 married women in Kashan, Iran. 100 cases were females with addicted spouse and 100 were women with non addict husbands. Data collected using Haj Yahia violence questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics and chi square, Mann Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests, odds ratio (OR) and Kendall's correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data.  The overall mean score of violence was 69.29 14.84 for the women with addicted husbands and 40.02 9.26 in women with non addicted spouses (P 0.001) The mean score of psychological violence was 39.03 7.60 in women with addicted spouses and 21.86 6.11 in those with non addicted husbands (P 0.001) Furthermore, the mean score of physical violence was 20.98 6.50 in women with addicted spouses and 12.2 2.55 in those with non addicted husbands (P 0.001) Moreover, the mean scores of sexual violence were 4.52 2.21 and 3.28 0.75 in women with and without addicted spouses, respectively (P 0.001)  The overall rate of violence was significantly higher among women with addicted spouse and especially if the spouse abused more than one type of substances. Further investigations are suggested on the effects of opium withdrawal or changes in the substance abused on the rate of violence against women.

title: The Effectiveness of Group Training Based on Positive Oriented Psychotherapy on the Resiliency and Public Health of the Wives with Addicted Husbands
abstract: This research sheds light on the effectiveness of group training based on positive oriented psychotherapy on the resiliency and public health of the wives with addicted husbands. To select the study sample, among the women whose husbands referred to Iran Zamin clinic for quitting addition, 24 were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The instrument used in this study is Connor Davidson Resiliency Scale (2003) and Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) The study has a pre post test design with control group. The results of analysis of covariance showed that group therapy based on positive oriented psychotherapy increases resiliency and public health of the wives with addicted husbands, and Bonferroni Test indicates the stability of the effect of this kind of training.

title: Experienced Psychosocial Problems of Women with Spouses of Substance Abusers: A Qualitative Study
abstract: Substance dependence is one of the most important social issues in the world today, which affects not only the life of an addicted individual, but also the relatives of the substance abuser individual, and in particular their spouses and children are also exposed to multiple injuries.  This study aimed to investigate the experiences of the women with the substance abuser spouse.  This study is a qualitative study. Sampling was done purposefully. The data were subjected to 25 participants with in depth and semi structured interviews (15 wives and 7 therapists and 3 officials dealing with family members of the substance abuser) and analysed using the qualitative approach of the conventional content analysis (Granheim's method)  Out of the results of the interviews, two main categories were extracted, including A) family psychological breakdown and B) Disadvantaged social status. The main category of family psychological breakdown including 5 subcategories: Psychological disadvantages, losing borders in the family, insecure space house for the family, turbulent family and Concern on spouses leaving. Category of disadvantaged social status is also including 3 subcategories: trying to preserve the family's image, social stigma, and social isolation of the family.  The families, especially the women with the substance abuser spouse, are severely vulnerable in various psychological and social dimensions. Therefore, the attention of the health cares to these families is important.

title: Living with Addicted Men and Codependency: The Moderating Effect of Personality Traits
abstract: This study aimed to determine the moderating effect of personality traits on the relationship between living with an addicted man and codependency.  We selected 140 women (70 wives of addicted men and 70 wives of non addicted men) through convenience sampling method and asked them to complete Spann Fischer Codependency Scale and NEO Five Factor Inventory.  Codependency score was significantly higher among addicted men's wives. In addition, for these women, there was a strong positive correlation between codependency and neuroticism as well. Multiple regression analysis confirmed the significant interaction effects of being an addict's wife and personality traits of neuroticism, openness and agreeableness on codependency.  Not all addicts' wives experienced codependency; women with a high level of neuroticism and low level of openness and agreeableness were more vulnerable to the stress of living with an addict and to codependency.

title: Investigation of Internal Tensions of Wives of Men Who Addicted to Heroin
abstract: Addiction is one of the social bad phenomenon and because of family is the most vulnerable of social institution against to the adverse effects of addiction and due to head of family with drug addicts cannot perform his role as husband and father, important role of women in such families is double. Due to this group of women are the most vulnerable community groups and are at risk of serious damage to the system of family, present study describes the structure and nature of psychological problems who addict to heroin and deep understanding of the overall psychological problems.  In this research was used from qualitative approaches (phenomenology) Sampling method is based on object and has been continued until data saturation. Participants were the wives of men who have been addicted to heroin .The women refer to Eynolhayat club treatment center of addiction in Khoy city during this research.  The extracted interviews were analyzed. Concepts of internal stresses associated with six subconcepts that were identified are as follow: shy, uncertain future, frustration, guard less, concern and confusion.  This study suggests that the wives of men who addicted to heroin experience a range of psychological problems in various aspects of their life. They need psychological support and use from counseling of psychologists when faced with psychological problems. Because the women have an important role in shaping the family system, the practitioners with adequate knowledge of their spouse problems in relation to addiction husbands must support them. We can use from findings of this study to educate and raise awareness level of some organization (especially the anti drug organization) and the nature of addiction to rise possibility comply with human psychosis problems and better support from them.

title: A survey about effective factors on violence of addicted men against pregnant women
abstract: Some of husbands persecute their wife and it is very important case in social pathology. It causes anxiety among families and experts. Addiction is one of factors that intensify this matter. The research purposes focus on effective factors on violence of addicted men against pregnant women.  This is a descriptive study and survey research, which includes a sample of 600 pregnant women taken from Tehran health and care centers. Data gathering is base on questionnaires. Finding:the result of this search was show that rate of experienced violence amonge addicteds wives is more than non addicteds wives. The analysis of t test indicat a thet the significant difference bet ween mean niolence experienced among addicted and non addicteds wives.(p<0/01)  The findings show relationship between education and income of women and their husband age, kind of addiction and their violent behaviors.

title: Exploring Needs and Expectations of Spouses of Addicted Men in Iran: A Qualitative Study
abstract: Addiction is one of the majore problems that affect everyone in the society especially the spouses of addicted men who have to face a large number of problems which are the consequences of their husband's addiction. This qualitative study was conducted to explore the needs and expectations of women who are living with their addicted husband in Iran. Twenty four spouses of addicted men participated in this study. The participants were interviewed and each interview was analyzed via the content analysis method. The results of this study showed that the women's difficulties were related to their approach to the treatment, or their husbands' response to the treatment, financial constraints and emotional and informational needs. Moreover, these Iranian women expected more stringent control by the government on the phenomenon of addiction and drug trafficking with a view of having a drug free country. The needs and expectations of the wives of addicted men are context based and should be assessed separately between individuals, families, and communities. In addition to the addicted person, it is vitally important that the health of the family members of drug addicts be taken into account and for whom supportive services be provided.

title: Women as Carers of Alcoholic and Drug Addicted Men
abstract: This article looks at some of the experiences of women who care for alcoholic and drug addicted men. Through biographical interviews it describes how this group of women has dealt with the problems which women have to confront in the face of difficulties with the health and welfare systems, as well as their own expectations of what it means to be good wives and partners in very stressful situations. The article argues that the normative expectations of women as wives and mothers is to care for families, and while there is now an extensive literature on women's caring, the group of women described in these pages is generally ignored by this same literature.