Query: rose essential oil

title: Extracting rose essential oil from rose slag with ionic liquid
abstract: Twelve ionic liquids were synthesized and used as solvents to extract rose essential oil from rose slag. Tetrabutylammonium bromide propionic acid ionic liquid was selected as the best solvent. Five factors (feed to liquid ratio, extraction temperature, reflux time, stripping agent amount, and repeated extraction times) were considered in the reaction. The results showed that the optimum process conditions were 1:4 mass ratio of material to liquid, the temperature 75 degC, reflux time 4 h, and the amount of stripping agent 100 g; the highest yield of essential oil is 1.6095% The yield did not show an obvious decline after repeating extraction three times. Comparing the yield, solvent consumption, and extraction time with other organic solvents, using tetrabutylammonium bromide propionic acid ionic liquid can effectively reduce energy and reduce environmental burden, which proves that the technology is sustainable.

title: The effect of inhalation aromatherapy with rose essential oil on the anxiety of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
abstract: Anxiety is one of the most common responses of patients awaiting coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery to stressful conditions before surgery. This study is intended to examine the effect of inhalation aromatherapy with rose essential oil on the anxiety of patients undergoing CABG surgery.  This was a single blind randomized clinical trial of 66 patients undergoing CABG surgery. The experimental group inhaled three drops of 4% rose essential oil for 10 minutes one night and one hour before surgery. The control group did not receive any intervention from the research team.  The level of anxiety was measured before and 30 minutes after the intervention using the Spielberger's Anxiety Inventory. Prior to surgery, an independent t test showed that the mean score of anxiety was not significantly different between the experimental and control groups (p 0.41) Aromatherapy with rose essential oil did not cause any significant differences in state anxiety (P 0.41) trait anxiety (P 0.90) and total anxiety (P 0.69) CONCLUSION Our results revealed that inhalation aromatherapy with rose essential oil could not significantly reduce anxiety in CABG patients. Future research with larger sample sizes and using different concentrations of rose essential oil are needed to achieve more definitive conclusions.

title: Olfactory impact of esters on rose essential oil floral alcohol aroma expression in model solution.
abstract: This study focused on the impact of esters on the perception of floral aroma in rose essential oil. Various aromatic reconstitutions were prepared, consisting of 10 alcohols and 9 esters, all the concentrations found in rose essential oil. Sensory analysis by the triangular tests revealed the interesting behavior of certain compounds among the 9 esters following their addition or omission. The results tend to highlight the important role of ethyl octanoate, ethyl tetradecanoate, citronellyl acetate, geranyl acetate, and 2 phenethyl acetate of esters in rose essential oil. The "olfactory threshold" (OT) of the 5 esters, the floral reconstitution and the mixtures of ester and floral reconstitution were evaluated in alkanes solution. Through the Feller's additive model analysis, it was found that the presence of ethyl octanoate, ethyl tetradecanoate, and citronellyl acetate led to a significant in decrease the OT of the mixtures, whereas geranyl acetate raised the OT. The floral reconstitution in alkanes solution was supplemented with the 5 esters at high, medium, and low concentration, then analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis. It was revealed that ethyl octanoate, ethyl tetradecanoate, and citronellyl acetate adding overall aroma, and geranyl acetate masking the overall aroma perception in a model floral mixture. Sensory profiles highlighted changes in the perception of aroma nuances in the presence of the 5 esters, with specific perceptive interactions, and reported on the graph based on two parameters [s f(t) This paper provided a reference for the flavourists.

title: Microcapsules based on octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) modified starch and maltodextrins changing the composition and release property of rose essential oil.
abstract: Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) modified starch and maltodextrins (MDs) are important carbohydrate polymers as wall materials. However, few studies have shown whether these two wall materials affect the composition of core materials. In this work, we investigated the effects of OSA modified starch and MD on the release property of essential oils. Results showed that among the seven characteristic aroma components (CACs) of rose essential oil (REO) the esters released the fastest, followed by the alcohols, while the release of the phenols was the slowest. Environmental factors such as temperature and relative humidities (RHs) had significant influences on the release kinetics of CACs in REO. This work provides new insights into the use of OSA modified starch and MDs as wall materials for encapsulating complex and bioactive components.

title: Cytological Evidence for the Pathway of Synthesis, Accumulation, and Secretion of Rose Essential Oil
abstract: Rosa rugosa Thunb. is an important ornamental and economic plant. Essential oil extracted from its flowers is known as "liquid gold" and has a high economic and health value. In this study, the developmental process of secretory epidermal cells of petals, the location of essential oil synthesis and accumulation, and the associated secretory pathway were studied by using Chinese R. rugosa as a test material. Results showed that rose essential oil might be synthesized in two pathways: direct synthesis in plastids and conversion from starch grains. Although starch grains acted as a precursor for essential oil synthesis and provided energy during the synthesis process, the endoplasmic reticulum initially processed a portion of osmiophilic oil for transport and reprocessing through the vesicles of the golgi apparatus. The energy for this process originated from the mitochondria, and the oils were stored in central large vacuoles. Essential oils passed through the cytoplasmic membrane in two ways: through breaks of the cytoplasmic membrane and through exocytosis. This study laid a cytological foundation for regulating the synthesis and metabolism of rose essential oil and provided an important reference for cytologically studying volatile oils in other plants.

title: Encapsulation of rose essential oil using whey protein concentrate pectin nanocomplexes: Optimization of the effective parameters.
abstract: The aim of this study was to optimize the preparation of whey protein concentrate (WPC) pectin nanocomplexes as a carrier for rose essential oil (REO) via response surface methodology (RSM) with initial concentrations of WPC (4 8% and pectin (0.5 1% at different pH values (3 9) The highest encapsulation efficiency of REO was 96.97% for 4.0:0.5 ratio of WPC:pectin at pH 3. The highest viscosity was obtained at 4:1 ratio of WPC:pectin and pH 3, and the highest stability (96.5% was related to 4:1 ratio of WPC:pectin at pH 9; the lowest stability (81% was observed at 4:1 ratio of WPC:pectin at pH 3. Finally, the highest solubility occurred at pH 9 while the lowest solubility was seen in the treatments prepared at pH 3 due to the creation of a strong WPC pectin coacervate complex.

title: The effect of the rose essential oil aroma on university students' learning and short term memory: A randomized controlled trial
abstract: This randomized controlled experimental study analyzes the effect of the rose essential oil aroma on university students' learning and recalling of information in short term memory.  The study sample consisted of 131 students who had never attended hypoglycemia management education (first year) who had recently attended this education (sophomore) and who had attended this education a long time ago (third year) The experimental group was administered a pre test before the education, and rose essential oil aroma was administered for all tests during and after the education. The control group only received the education and was administered the tests.  No statistically significant differences were found between the pre test and post test mean scores of the experimental and control groups in third year students but the differences between the mean scores on the tests administered on the 7th and 30th days were statistically significant. A statistically significant difference was found between the post test mean scores obtained by the experimental group students who had (second and third year) and had not (first year) attended this education on the 7th day.  This study found that the smell of rose extract did not affect immediate learning (working memory) However, it also indicated that people can remember previously learned information more easily when they repeat it using the essential oil of Rosa damascena. The study results suggest that students should review their studies between the 7th and 30th days after learning information in order to benefit from the effect of the odor of rose extract.

title: Relationships of irrigation water and soil physical and chemical characteristics with yield, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Damask rose essential oil
abstract: Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill. is an aromatic medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds with high value in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Knowledge of the factors affecting the quantitative and qualitative properties of the compounds in its essential oil (EO) and the bioactivity of this EO is important in optimizing Damask rose cultivation and production. This research studied, for the first time, the effects of irrigation water and soil chemical and physical characteristics on the EO yield of this important commercial species and on it chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. The results showed the significant effect of crop cultivation site on yield, chemical composition and inhibition zone diameter (IZD) at the 1% significance level. The highest EO yield ~0.0266% which belonged to the Noushabad site (EON) resulted from the increased soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the higher sand, gypsum and lime contents and irrigation water salinity. Analysis of the chemical composition of the EOs showed that their main compounds at all three crop sites were citronellol, nonadecane, heneicosane and geraniol. The EO obtained from the Yazdel site (EOY) had the highest contents of citronellol and geraniol ~29.05% and ~6.85% that were directly correlated with soil potassium and phosphorus contents and inversely correlated with soil acidity and EC and its lime, nitrogen, and organic carbon contents. Antimicrobial assays indicated that the EO extracted from the Sefidshahr site (EOS) which had the largest inhibition zone diameter ~14.67 mm) for Aspergillus brasiliensis (IZD~14.67 mm) and the lowest MIC ~31.25 mg/mL) for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, exhibited efficacy similar to that of rifampin, probably due to the dominance of the alkanes in it. The EOY and EOS also exhibited the strongest inhibitory and lethal activity against Candida albicans (MIC and MBC <15.63 mg/mL for EOY and MIC and MBC 62.5 mg/mL for EOS) which were six and four times stronger than those of nystatin, respectively. Therefore, the selected EOs can act as a potentially promising strategy for fighting microbial strains.

title: The famous Turkish rose essential oil: Characterization and authenticity monitoring by FTIR, Raman and GC MS techniques combined with chemometrics.
abstract: There is a necessity for rapid, robust, easy, accurate and cost effective methodologies for the quality control of essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants. Rosa damascena essential oil is a high value natural product with its unique quality properties and economic importance. This research evaluated the capability of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC MS) techniques combined with chemometrics for determination of the authenticity of R. damascena essential oil. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were successfully employed with 100% accuracy for discrimination of authentic R. damascena essential oil samples from fraudulent commercial samples. Consistent results were obtained by FTIR, Raman and GC MS techniques. Two of twenty commercial samples were determined as authentic R. damascena essential oil samples using the three analytical techniques. Findings showed that FTIR and Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics could be used as reliable, robust, rapid, accurate and low cost analytical techniques for quality evaluation of R. damascena essential oil.

title: Rose Essential Oil Delayed Alzheimer's Disease Like Symptoms by SKN 1 Pathway in C. elegans.
abstract: There are no effective medications for delaying the progress of Alzheimer's disease (AD) the most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. In this study, our results with C. elegans showed that rose essential oil (REO) significantly inhibited AD like symptoms of worm paralysis and hypersensivity to exogenous 5 HT in a dose dependent manner. Its main components of b citronellol and geraniol acted less effectively than the oil itself. REO significantly suppressed Ab deposits and reduced the Ab oligomers to alleviate the toxicity induced by Ab overexpression. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of REO on worm paralysis phenotype were abrogated only after skn 1 RNAi but not daf 16 and hsf 1 RNAi. REO markedly activated the expression of gst 4 gene, which further supported SKN 1 signaling pathway was involved in the therapeutic effect of REO on AD C. elegans. Our results provided direct evidence on REO for treating AD on an organism level and relative theoretical foundation for reshaping medicinal products of REO in the future.