Query: self-efficacy in doctors

title: Emotional Intelligence and Occupational Self Efficacy in Doctors working in Government Private Hospitals
abstract: The main purpose of this research was to study of Emotional Intelligence and Occupational Self Efficacy among doctors working in Government Private Hospitals in Nagpur. The sample for this study consists of 300 Doctors out of which the Government Doctors were 150, (n= 75 males and n= 75 females) Similarly, the Private Doctors were 150, (n= 75 males and n= 75 females) For the measurement of Emotional Intelligence, Hyde's Emotional Intelligence Scale was employed and for Occupational self efficacy, Pethe's Occupational self efficacy Scale was used. The analysis of the data showed that there wasno statistically significant difference found in scores of doctors working in Govt. and Private hospitals regarding emotional intelligence and occupational self efficacy. Significant negative correlation was found between emotional intelligence and occupational self efficacy. Result indicate that statistically significant difference found in scores of female and male doctors working in Govt. and Private hospitals regarding emotional intelligence and occupational self efficacy. Females found higher with, Emotional Intelligence and Occupational Self efficacy than males. No significant difference found in doctors working in Govt. and Private hospitals it means that in present study, professional setting has not created any effect on Emotional Intelligence and Occupational Self efficacy.

title: Emotional Intelligence and Self Efficacy as Predictors of Occupational stress in Doctors

title: The boomerang effect of tuberculosis knowledge and self efficacy on Chinese parents' intention to seek timely treatment and adhere to doctors' regimens.
abstract: The present study tested the level of tuberculosis (TB) knowledge of Chinese parents whose children attended kindergarten, primary school, and middle school, and examined whether their TB knowledge and self efficacy in TB management exhibited a curvilinear relationship with their intention to seek timely TB treatment and adhere to doctors' regimens if their children are infected with TB.  An online cross sectional survey (N 1129) was conducted. TB knowledge was assessed based on the manual provided by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Hierarchical polynomial regression was conducted to test the proposed curvilinear relationships.  Chinese parents lacked knowledge about risks of TB and how to prevent TB. TB knowledge and self efficacy in TB management motivated Chinese parents to seek timely TB treatment and adhere to doctors' regimens, but too much knowledge and self efficacy predicted both intentions negatively.  Excessive levels of self efficacy in self management and health knowledge could backfire. PRACTICE IMPLICATION Practitioners should elevate Chinese parents' perceptions of severity of TB and susceptibility to TB. Additionally, health education should not be limited to providing medical facts but offer guidance on how to access professional medical resources. Self efficacy in self management should not be elevated.

title: Effect of A Pharmacovigilance Practice Training Course for Future Doctors of Korean Medicine on Knowledge, Attitudes and Self Efficacy
abstract: This study was aimed to develop a pharmacovigilance practice training course for future doctors of Korean medicine, the graduate students of a college of Korean medicine, and to verify the educational effect of the curriculum.  Fifty six students were given a training course designed as follows: 1) pre class homework (basic theory self study, online course, causality assessment, and adverse event reporting simulation) 2) in class: homework submission and case discussion; 3) after class: homework revision and resubmission. An online survey to assess the change of the level of basic knowledge and attitudes toward pharmacovigilance, the willingness to report adverse events, and self efficacy for the causality assessment and adverse event reporting was conducted before and after education.  The survey participation rate was 96.5% in pre education and 64.3% in the post education survey. After education, knowledge level was improved (mean score from 4.3+ 2.11 to 6.7+ 1.96 points, modal value from 3 to 8 points) and positive changes were observed in almost all questions on attitudes. In the post education survey, more students felt that they could do causality assessment (from 13% to 80.5% could report adverse events to the agency in charge (from 7.4% to 96.2% and expressed their strong willingness to report adverse events in the future (from 77.8% to 88.9% than in the pre education survey.  More schools of Korean medicine need to adopt pharmacovigilance training courses in their curriculum to foster future doctors of Korean medicine with pharmacovigilance capabilities. Such efforts will be the basis for achieving an evidence based, safe use of herbal medicine.

title: Measures of self efficacy among doctors in conducting an online search for clinical decision making.
abstract: To measure the perceived ability and level of confidence among doctors in performing the different tasks involved in conducting an online search for clinical decision making.  A large scale cross sectional survey was conducted in 36 District Headquarter Hospitals (DHQs) 89 Tehsil Headquarter Hospitals (THQs) 293 Rural Health Centers (RHCs) and 2455 Basic Health Units (BHUs) in Punjab, Pakistan. Using a quota sampling, data were collected from 517 doctors on a set of 11 statements. The collected data were analysed statistically.  Of the 517 doctors, 73 (14.1% had 'never accessed health care information online' for clinical decision making. Mean values of the doctors' response to the 11 statements ranged from 1.66 to 2.30 indicating that most of the doctors were 'not confident' in their ability to perform the tasks.  The majority of doctors perceived themselves able to perform the different tasks involved in conducting an online search. Age and working experience were significant factors in the perception of their ability in performing the tasks. The study recommends promotional and educational activities to motivate interest, increase awareness, develop knowledge and skills for doctors to access information that would help in their clinical decision making.

title: Using Insights From Sports Psychology to Improve Recently Qualified Doctors' Self Efficacy While Managing Acutely Unwell Patients.
abstract: Doctors experience a range of negative reactions when managing acutely unwell patients. These may manifest as emotions or behaviors. Without appropriate coping strategies, these emotions and behaviors can impede optimal clinical performance, which directly affects patient care. Athletes use performance enhancing routines (PERs) to minimize the effect of their negative emotions and behaviors on competitive performance. The authors investigated whether PERs could similarly improve recently qualified doctors' emotional and behavioral control while managing acutely unwell patients and whether the doctors perceived any effect on clinical performance.  Twelve doctors within 2 years of graduation from medical school recruited from 2 sites in Sheffield and Chesterfield, United Kingdom implemented PERs using the PERFORM (Performance Enhancing Routines For Optimization of Readiness using Metacognition) model over a 4 month period between April and December 2017. The doctors' perceptions of PERFORM's effect on their ability to manage patients was evaluated using self reported mixed methods data, including think aloud commentaries, semi structured interviews, and self efficacy scores.  Doctors reported that PERFORM improved their ability to control negative emotions or behaviors during an acutely unwell patient in situ simulation, showing a statistically significant improvement in self efficacy scores (P .003, effect size 0.89) Qualitative data revealed perceived improvement in aspects of clinical performance such as enhanced knowledge recall and decision making. These performance attributes appeared to positively impact interprofessional relationships and patient care. Doctors individualized their PERs and supported the wider implementation of PERFORM in health care education. NEXT STEPS This is the first study to employ individualized PERs based on sports psychology in a medical context. The PERFORM model could be introduced into existing acute patient management courses to provide emotional regulation coaching alongside clinical skills training. Further research might investigate PERFORM's effect in other environments where emotional and behavioral control is paramount, such as surgery.

title: Using Insights From Sports Psychology to Improve Self Efficacy during Management Of Acutely Unwell Patients by Recently Qualified Doctors A Mixed Methods Study

title: Self efficacy and doctor support as mediators of depression outcomes following counselling by family doctors for intimate partner violence.
abstract: Previous research shows counselling delivered by trained family doctors reduces depression for women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) However, the potential for self efficacy, doctor support and safety enquiry to mediate these effects has not been examined.  To assess whether (i) women experiencing IPV and counselled by a trained family doctor report greater self efficacy, perceived doctor support and enquiry about safety than those receiving usual care and (ii) whether self efficacy, doctor support and enquiry mediate effects of counselling on depression for these women.  Quantitative analysis as part of a process evaluation of data from a cluster randomized controlled trial of 272 female IPV survivors attending 52 Australian primary care clinics. Intervention group doctors were trained to deliver brief counselling. Comparison group doctors received standard IPV information. Intervention patients were invited to receive counselling from their trained doctor. Comparison patients received usual care. Data were collected at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Path analysis tested mediation effects from trial arm to depression via self efficacy, doctor support and safety enquiry at 6 and 12 months, controlling for baseline and abuse level.  At 6 months, mean perceived doctor support was higher for intervention than comparison patients and mediated depression effect. At 12 months, mean self efficacy was higher for intervention than comparison patients and mediated depression effect. Mediation effects for doctor enquiry were non significant.  Counselling by trained family doctors can help increase support and self efficacy of women who have experienced IPV, mediating reduced depression.

title: Doctors' rural practice self efficacy is associated with current and intended small rural locations of practice
abstract: Key factors which positively influence recruitment and retention of doctors to rural practice include rural background and positive rural training experience. Despite this knowledge, there is no well established conceptual framework to explain how these factors influence intention. The aim of this study was to consider rural practice self efficacy and its influence on rural career choice by doctors. Questions relating to self efficacy were formulated using Bandura's four proposed sources of self efficacy, which include mastery experiences, vicarious experience, social persuasion and emotional and physical response to experiences.   Medical school graduates from Flinders University, who completed a rural year as a part of the clinical component of the course between 1997 and 2015.  Rural self efficacy; current and intended location of practice in small rural communities <25 000 people) Result It was found that 28.5% of participants were currently working in communities of <25 000 people. Levels of intent for future small town rural practice were consistent across career stages after internship. Higher rural practice self efficacy scores were found in doctors working in smaller towns <25 000) and small communities <10 000) Higher self efficacy was also associated with rural background, more senior career status, earlier speciality decision time and smaller expectation experience gap.  An independent association exists between rural self efficacy and intention to remain or return to small rural practice. The article offers rural clinical schools the opportunity to consider how they can influence future rural career outcomes.

title: Assessing palliative care education in undergraduate medical students: translation and validation of the Self Efficacy in Palliative Care and Thanatophobia Scales for Brazilian Portuguese
abstract: As the global population ages, palliative care is ever more essential to provide care for patients with incurable chronic conditions. However, in many countries, doctors are not prepared to care for dying patients. Palliative care education should be an urgent concern for all medical schools all around the world, including Latin America and Brazil. Advances in palliative care education require robust assessment tools for constant evaluation and improvement of educational programmes. Bandura's social cognitive theory proposes that active learning processes are mediated by self efficacy and associated outcome expectancies, both crucial elements of developing new behaviour. The Self Efficacy in Palliative Care (SEPC) and Thanatophobia Scales were developed using Bandura's theory to assess the outcomes of palliative care training.  We aimed to translate and validate these scales for Brazilian Portuguese to generate data on how well doctors are being prepared to meet the needs of their patients.   One Brazilian medical school.  Third year medical students.  The authors translated the scales following the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer's recommendations and examined their psychometric properties using data collected from a sample of 111 students in a Brazilian medical school in 2017.  The Brazilian versions of SEPC and Thanatophobia Scales showed good psychometric properties, including confirmatory factor analysis, replicating the original factors (factor range: 0.51 0.90) and acceptable values of reliability (Cronbach's alpha: 0.82 0.97 and composite reliability: 0.82 0.96) Additionally, the Brazilian versions of the scales showed concurrent validity, demonstrated through a significant negative correlation.  The Brazilian version of the scales may be used to assess the impact of current undergraduate training and identify areas for improvement within palliative care educational programmes. The data generated allow Brazilian researchers to join international conversations on this topic and educators to develop tailored pedagogical approaches.