Query: Green roof retrofit

title: The Valuation of Public and Private Benefits of Green Roof Retrofit in Different Climate Conditions
abstract: Green roofs represent a suitable option for industrial buildings refurbishment, providing private and social benefits. Nowadays, in Italy green roof technology is still uncommon, because of high installation cost that drives the choice towards more traditional performing solutions, such as cool roofs (CRs) Thus, a thorough valuation of green roofs benefits in urban contexts is required to encourage their diffusion. This paper aims to valuate private and social costs and benefits generated by extensive green roofs (EGRs) compared with cool roofs in three Italian cities: Trieste, Ancona and Palermo. These contexts are characterized by different Mediterranean climate conditions (North, Centre and South Italy) moreover, residential areas overlooking industrial settlements take place in each of them, so it is possible to hypothesize a potential enhancement of landscape value in these properties, allowing to compare aesthetic benefits due to green roofs upon industrial buildings. The study has been based on literature review and on simulation of energy performances of EGR and CR alternatively considered as refurbishment solution for a reference industrial building taking place in each industrial settlement. For the social side, the externalities deriving from EGRs and CRs, such as aesthetic enhancement, biodiversity preservation and natural habitat provision, carbon reduction, air quality improvement, stormwater control, have been monetized according to available data for the cases of study. The analysis demonstrates that a private investor has a poor convenience to implement EGR rather than CR. On the other, a positive Net Present Value (NPV) derives from social cost benefit analysis comparing EGR and CR, due to the EGR positive externalities. The valuation of the positive externalities let the calculation of economic incentives amount to promote the diffusion of green roofs in the Mediterranean area. On this basis, an annual reduction of local property tax has been considered as incentive form. Further, a sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulation of both private and social benefits evaluation has been performed for each of three case studies. This technique properly evaluates the final effects on private investments in the presence of random unpredictable variables, depending either on climate conditions or on market observation, that influence their economic affordability. Finally, through the comparison of the three contexts, an overall discussion about of the influence of climate and urban conditions on the economic analysis has been conducted.

title: Parametric simulation study for green roof retrofit over high performance solar house prototype "EFdeN Signature"

title: Evaluating the Potential for Green Roof Retrofit in Urban Fabric
abstract: Green roof benefits include: urban heat island reduction, mitigating air pollution, reducing rainwater runoff and increasing urban biodiversity. In addition green roofs have aesthetic benefits, and can be an excellent medium for urban agriculture. This paper suggests a method to evaluate the potential for green roof retrofit on a large urban fabric. GIS based analysis methodology was established and applied to the city of Netanya,  Based on the analysis 0.85 km2 (1,214 buildings, 9 of total buildings) was found to be suitable for an intensive green roof system, and 0.92 km2 (3,004 buildings, 22 of total buildings) was found to be suitable for an extensive green roof system.

title: Step by step approach to ranking green roof retrofit potential in urban areas: A case study of Lisbon, Portugal
abstract: In the last years, green roofs have become increasingly popular to improve urban life and help overcome environmental challenges. This paper presents a methodology to rank existing built areas when planning green roofs installation on existing buildings. First, the methodology identifies neighborhoods with real possibilities of receiving green roofs. A further refinement uses urban indexes to estimate the green needs of each selected area. The proposed model was successfully applied to Lisbon, Portugal. Old city areas are discharged while neighborhoods with lack of green spaces appear as priority zones to initiate green roofs urban policies. The results identify 79% of Lisbon with real possibilities of incorporating green roofs and 52% with high potential for green roofs retrofit.

title: Green roof retrofit: building urban resilience
abstract: A deep understanding of the implications of green roof retrofit is required amongst students and practitioners to make the decisions and take the actions needed to mitigate climate changes. Green Roof Retrofit: building urban resilience illustrates the processes undertaken to develop this new knowledge and thereby embed a deeper level of understanding in readers.Illustrative case studies and exemplars are drawn from countries outside of the core researched areas to demonstrate the application of the knowledge more broadly. Examples are used from the Americas (North and South and Canada) Oceania, Asia and other European countries.The book describes the multiple criteria which inform decision making and how this provides a way forward for making better decisions about green roof retrofit in different countries and climates.

title: Stormwater Attenuation and Green Roof Retrofit
abstract: This chapter describes research demonstrating how to assess whether to retrofit with a green roof to attenuate stormwater runoff. Pluvial flooding causes substantial financial costs, disruption and impact on our urban settlements. A range of technical specifications for stormwater roofs and critical issues to consider in retrofitting existing buildings are evaluated. Theoretical frameworks of the distributed benefits of green roofs are presented, and a methodology to estimate potential for stormwater attenuation of green roof retrofit at the city scale level is described in detail. Recent empirical research undertaken in two cities with very different climatic conditions Melbourne, Australia and Newcastle, UK at city scale level is evaluated. Having examined the city scale level, a second illustrative case study at an individual building scale outlines stormwater performance and the assessment process in Portland, OR. A summary of the potential benefits of green roof retrofit for stormwater attenuation is made.

title: Technical considerations in green roof retrofit for stormwater attenuation in the Central Business District
abstract: The key aspects that built environment professionals need to consider when evaluating roofs for the purpose of green roof retrofit and also when assessing green roofs for technical due diligence purposes are outlined. Although green or sod roofs have been built over many centuries, contemporary roofs adopt new approaches and technologies. The paper aims to discuss these issues.  A mixed methods design based on a systematic review of relevant literature from parallel disciplines was used to identify and quantify the social, economic and environmental benefits of retrofitted green roofs in commercial districts. The technical issues of concern were drawn from a desk top survey of literature and from stakeholder focus groups undertaken in Sydney in 2012.  There are perceptions amongst built environmental practitioners that may act as artificial barriers to uptake. There is little direct experience within built environment professionals and practitioners, along

title: Thermal Performance of Green Roof Retrofit

title: Transforming the commercial property market in Australian Cities: Contemporary practices and the future potential of green roof retrofit

title: Green Roof Retrofit and the Urban Heat Island