Query: Orthodontic setup

title: Virtual orthodontic setup in orthodontic camouflage planning for skeletal Class III malocclusion
abstract: The purpose of this paper was to emphasize the importance of the orthodontic setup in treatment planning for skeletal Class III malocclusion correction in an adult patient with moderate lower anterior crowding and anterior crossbite associated with two supernumerary lower incisors.

title: Construction of orthodontic setup models on a computer.
abstract: Orthodontic setup models are usually limited to the display of teeth, with no information about the roots. The purpose of this article is to present a method for visualizing the tooth roots in setup models by integrating information from cone beam computed tomography and a laser scanner. The reproducibility of the integration was evaluated.  The records of 5 patients were used in this study. Three dimensional digital models were generated from the dental casts. Tooth models were generated from the cone beam computed tomography slices. The 3 dimensional models were superimposed on the crowns of the teeth in the tooth models and integrated. The integrated 3 dimensional tooth model and 3 dimensional setup model were registered. The reproducibility of the integration was evaluated for each tooth. Unpaired Student t tests were performed on the data between the anterior and posterior teeth, and between the right and left teeth.  The discrepancy among the integrated 3 dimensional models at the final positions after we used this technique was 0.025 0.007 mm. There was a significant difference in the distance between the anterior and posterior teeth (P <0.05) However, the average distances between the anterior and posterior teeth were small: 0.023 0.007 and 0.028 0.007 mm, respectively. No significant difference was found between the right and left teeth (P 0.831)  The methods presented in this study provide a reproducible visualization of tooth roots in virtual setup models by registering accurate crown models to cone beam computed tomography scans.

title: Preparation and evaluation of orthodontic setup
abstract: An orthodontic or diagnostic setup consists in cutting and realigning the teeth in plaster models, making it an important resource in orthodontic treatment planning.  The aim of this article is to provide a detailed description of a technique to build an orthodontic setup model and a method to evaluate it.  Although laborious, orthodontic setup procedure and analysis can provide important information such as the need for dental extractions, interproximal stripping, anchorage system, among others.

title: Introduction of In Office Three Dimensional Virtual Setup of Digital Orthodontic Models

title: Accuracy and reliability of the expected root position setup methodology to evaluate root position during orthodontic treatment
abstract: Current methods to evaluate root position either are inaccurate (panoramic radiograph) or expose patients to relatively large amounts of radiation (cone beam computed tomography [CBCT] A method to evaluate root position by generating an expected root position (ERP) setup was recently reported but has not been validated. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the accuracy and reliability of the ERP setup with adequate statistical power.  This retrospective study included 15 subjects who had completed phase 2 orthodontic treatment. An ERP setup was generated for all patients after treatment. The ERP setup was compared with the posttreatment CBCT scan, which served as the control. The mesiodistal angulation and buccolingual inclination of all teeth in both the ERP setup and the posttreatment CBCT scan were measured and compared. Bland Altman analysis was used to assess interoperator reliability, intraoperator reliability, and agreement between the ERP setup and the posttreatment CBCT scan.  Altman plots showed high interoperator and intraoperator reliabilities. These plots also showed strong agreement between the ERP setup and the posttreatment CBCT scan; 11.8% of teeth measured for mesiodistal angulation and 9.6% of teeth measured for buccolingual inclination were outside the 2.5deg range of clinical acceptability.  We validated that the method to generate an ERP setup to evaluate root position for posttreatment orthodontic assessment is accurate and reliable.  method to evaluate root position with minimal radiology was assessed.The expected root position setup was compared with the posttreatment CBCT scan.The generated expected root position setup accurately depicted root position.No radiation in addition to the pretreatment CBCT scan was required for this approach.

title: Accuracy of the expected root position setup to monitor root angulations and inclinations during orthodontic treatment: A pilot study
abstract: Accurate root placement is important for successful orthodontic treatment. Current radiographic techniques to monitor root positions are inaccurate, exhibit poor definition, or use relatively large amounts of radiation in relation to the benefit to the patient. A new methodology that generates an "expected root position" (ERP) setup may be a potential alternative to monitor root position accurately and with minimal radiation.  This retrospective pilot study included five patients who have completed phase II orthodontic treatment. An ERP setup was generated for all patients at posttreatment. The ERP setup was compared to the posttreatment cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan which served as the control. Mesiodistal angulation and buccolingual inclination of all teeth in both the ERP setup and posttreatment CBCT scans were compared to assess the accuracy of the ERP setup. A power analysis was performed.  A total of 128 teeth were measured in this study. Nine teeth (7.0% were measured for mesiodistal angulation and seven teeth (5.5% were measured for buccolingual inclination which were outside of the 2.5deg range of clinical acceptability.  The methodology of generating an "ERP" has the potential to accurately monitor root movement during orthodontic treatment. The power analysis found that 15 patients would be necessary to validate this methodology with adequate power.

title: Accuracy of the Expected Root Position Setup to Monitor Root Angulations and Inclinations during Orthodontic Treatment: A Pilot Study
abstract: Accurate root placement is important for successful orthodontic treatment. Current radiographic techniques to monitor root positions are inaccurate, exhibit poor definition, or use relatively large amounts of radiation in relation to the benefit to the patient. A new methodology that generates an "expected root position" (ERP) setup may be a potential alternative to monitor root position accurately and with minimal radiation.  This retrospective pilot study included five patients who have completed phase II orthodontic treatment. An ERP setup was generated for all patients at posttreatment. The ERP setup was compared to the posttreatment cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan which served as the control. Mesiodistal angulation and buccolingual inclination of all teeth in both the ERP setup and posttreatment CBCT scans were compared to assess the accuracy of the ERP setup. A power analysis was performed.  A total of 128 teeth were measured in this study. Nine teeth (7.0% were measured for mesiodistal angulation and seven teeth (5.5% were measured for buccolingual inclination which were outside of the 2.5deg range of clinical acceptability.  The methodology of generating an "ERP" has the potential to accurately monitor root movement during orthodontic treatment. The power analysis found that 15 patients would be necessary to validate this methodology with adequate power.

title: Virtual setup: application in orthodontic practice
abstract: BackgroundA plaster dental model is a patient's traditional three dimensional (3D) record. If the dental crowns from a plaster model are separated and positioned in wax, this setup of the crowns can be used to simulate orthodontic treatment. The traditional way to make this dental setup requires significant time by the orthodontist and in the orthodontic lab. New developments in dentistry and orthodontics include the possibility of virtual setups.AimIn this article, the differences between conventional setups with plaster models and virtual setups are discussed.MethodsA clinical patient is described for whom two different setups were made and compared by model superimposition with Geomagic Qualify software.ResultsAccording to the literature and the results from this study, virtual setups and conventional setups with plaster models are equally accurate.ConclusionVirtual setups present several advantages, e.g. digital storage, digital models cannot be damaged, the same model can undergo several treatment simulations, and communication between dental and surgical professionals and between dental professionals and patients is facilitated. Despite these advantages, considerable time and training are needed for dental professionals to master and adopt the general use of digital models and virtual setups in dentistry.ZusammenfassungHintergrundEin Gipsmodell ist die traditionelle dreidimensionale Akte des Patienten. Die vom Gipsmodell getrennten und in Wachs eingebrachten Zahnkronen konnen dazu dienen, die kieferorthopadische Behandlung zu simulieren. Das traditionelle Verfahren fur dieses Setup bedarf eines erheblichen Zeitaufwandes sowohl fur den Kieferorthopaden als auch fur den Zahntechniker. Zu den neuen Entwicklungen in der Zahnheilkunde und in der Kieferorthopadie zahlt die Moglichkeit virtueller Setups.ZielDiskutiert wird der Unterschied zwischen konventionellen Setups mit Gipsmodellen und virtuellen Setups.MethodenFur einen klinischen Patienten wurden 2 verschiedene Setups erstellt, die anhand der Uberlagerung der Modelle unter Verwendung der Software Geomagic Qualify miteinander verglichen wurden.ErgebnisseDer Literatur und den Ergebnissen der Studie zufolge ist die Genauigkeit virtueller Setups und konventioneller Setups mit Gipsmodellen gleich.SchlussfolgerungVirtuelle Setups bieten eine Reihe von Vorteilen, u. a. lassen sie sich digital archivieren, digitale Modelle konnen nicht beschadigt werden, und dasselbe Modell kann fur mehrere Behandlungssimulationen eingesetzt werden. Ferner erleichtern sie die Kommunikation zwischen Kieferorthopaden und Kieferchirurgen sowie zwischen Kieferorthopaden und Patienten. Trotz dieser Vorteile ist ein erhebliches Mass an Zeit und Fortbildungsaufwand notwendig, um den Einsatz von digitalen Modellen und virtuellen Setups in der Zahnheilkunde zu erlernen und anzuwenden.

title: Virtual setup application in orthodontic practice Virtuelles Setup Anwendung in der kieferorthopadischen Praxis
abstract: A plaster dental model is a patient's traditional three dimensional (3D) record. If the dental crowns from a plaster model are separated and positioned in wax, this setup of the crowns can be used to simulate orthodontic treatment. The traditional way to make this dental setup requires significant time by the orthodontist and in the orthodontic lab. New developments in dentistry and orthodontics include the possibility of virtual setups.  In this article, the differences between conventional setups with plaster models and virtual setups are discussed.  A clinical patient is described for whom two different setups were made and compared by model superimposition with Geomagic Qualify software.  According to the literature and the results from this study, virtual setups and conventional setups with plaster models are equally accurate.  Virtual setups present several advantages, e.g. digital storage, digital models cannot be damaged, the same model can undergo several treatment simulations, and communication between dental and surgical professionals and between dental professionals and patients is facilitated. Despite these advantages, considerable time and training are needed for dental professionals to master and adopt the general use of digital models and virtual setups in dentistry.

title: The Role of Digital Setup in the Orthodontic Treatment with Plastic Aligners
abstract: Orthodontic treatment with the clear plastic aligner is becoming one of the most popular treatment options among adults and teenagers. The high precision of the virtual planning of the case leads to well fitted thermoformed plastic aligners and an individualized treatment for each patient. Several cases were treated with Clear Aligner therapy. All treatment outcomes were previsualized with the digital OrthoAnalyzer CAD software (3Shape) in order to design specific appliances for specific dental movements, with a lower risk of root resorption or other secondary effects. All desired dental movements can be measured and then transposed into a series of amorphous plastic aligners. Patient compliance and communication with the dental laboratory are enhanced due to the continuous developing of the CAD/CAM technology and Clear Aligner system.