Query: Moral Issues in Intelligence-led Policing

title: Moral Issues in Intelligence led Policing

title: Introduction to Moral Issues in Intelligence led Policing

title: Moral Issues in Intelligence led Policing Taylor Francis Group

title: The intelligence of emotional intelligence
abstract: Emotional intelligence is a type of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use the information to guide one's thinking and actions (Salovey Mayer, 1990) We discuss (a) whether intelligence is an appropriate metaphor for the construct, and (b) the abilities and mechanisms that may underlie emotional intelligence.

title: Development in Judging Moral Issues

title: Moral Disengagement in the Perpetration of Inhumanities
abstract: Moral agency is manifested in both the power to refrain from behaving inhumanely and the proactive power to behave humanely. Moral agency is embedded in a broader sociocognitive self theory encompassing self organizing, proactive, self reflective, and self regulatory mechanisms rooted in personal standards linked to self sanctions. The self regulatory mechanisms governing moral conduct do not come into play unless they are activated, and there are many psychosocial maneuvers by which moral self sanctions are selectively disengaged from inhumane conduct. The moral disengagement may center on the cognitive restructuring of inhumane conduct into a benign or worthy one by moral justification, sanitizing language, and advantageous comparison; disavowal of a sense of personal agency by diffusion or displacement of responsibility; disregarding or minimizing the injurious effects of one 's actions; and attribution of blame to, and dehumanization of those who are victimized. Many inhumanities operate through a supportive network of legitimate enterprises run by otherwise considerate people who contribute to destructive activities by disconnected subdivision of functions and diffusion of responsibility. Given the many mechanisms for disengaging moral control, civilized life requires, in addition to humane personal standards, safeguards built into social systems that uphold compassionate behavior and renounce cruelty.

title: Moral Development: Advances in Research and Theory
abstract: This book focuses on a theoretical framework (the Four Component Model) and evaluations of the Defining Issues Test (DIT) developed by Rest and his coworkers. The authors assess their own work with the DIT and that of hundreds of other investigators. Among their conclusions are: formal education is correlated with moral judgment; there is evidence for Kohlberg's higher stages; moral education programs produce modest gains, and, there are no sex differences. The book is important for libraries wishing a complete collection on moral development.

title: Mapping the moral domain.
abstract: The moral domain is broader than the empathy and justice concerns assessed by existing measures of moral competence, and it is not just a subset of the values assessed by value inventories. To fill the need for reliable and theoretically grounded measurement of the full range of moral concerns, we developed the Moral Foundations Questionnaire on the basis of a theoretical model of 5 universally available (but variably developed) sets of moral intuitions: Harm/Care, Fairness/Reciprocity, Ingroup/Loyalty, Authority/Respect, and Purity/Sanctity. We present evidence for the internal and external validity of the scale and the model, and in doing so we present new findings about morality: (a) Comparative model fitting of confirmatory factor analyses provides empirical justification for a 5 factor structure of moral concerns; (b) convergent/discriminant validity evidence suggests that moral concerns predict personality features and social group attitudes not previously considered morally relevant; and (c) we establish pragmatic validity of the measure in providing new knowledge and research opportunities concerning demographic and cultural differences in moral intuitions. These analyses provide evidence for the usefulness of Moral Foundations Theory in simultaneously increasing the scope and sharpening the resolution of psychological views of morality.

title: Emotional intelligence meets traditional standards for an intelligence
abstract: An intelligence must meet several standard criteria before it can be considered scientifically legitimate. First, it should be capable of being operationalized as a set of abilities. Second, it should meet certain correlational criteria: the abilities defined by the intelligence should form a related set (i.e. be intercorrelated) and be related to pre existing intelligences, while also showing some unique variance. Third, the abilities of the intelligence should develop with age and experience. In two studies, adults (N=503) and adolescents (N=229) took a new, 12 subscale ability test of emotional intelligence: the Multifactor Emotional Intelligence Scale (MEIS) The present studies show that emotional intelligence, as measured by the MEIS, meets the above three classical criteria of a standard intelligence.

title: The nature of police and community interaction alongside the dawn of intelligence led policing
abstract: Police cannot operate without information from and on the community. This is why the birth of Intelligence Led Policing (ILP) 1 was so significant to the police. ILP is a concept that is widely used but the operational definition of the full meaning of the concept is still vague. For the purposes of this contribution ILP refers to a recent shift or change in crime control thinking and the related policing practices. Intelligence gathering by means of different tactics and the proactive strategies designed around the gathered information explains the basic meaning of ILP. This new era of proactive and ILP is also known as the police revolution. Although 'intelligence led' policing can officially be traced back to the 1830s where evidence exists that the warranted tampering with mail in the name of intelligence gathering and safety was condoned, a clear demarcation of its boundaries and substance does not exist. It can be argued that ILP is important in order to monitor airports and ports and to infiltrate terrorist groups or syndicates for national security (e.g. to avoid a duplication of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attack in the USA) Proactive policing involves community policing (CP) and voluntary community involvement with greater emphasis on crime prevention and problem solving. The main difference between CP and ILP is the typical absence of voluntary consent in the case of ILP. As noble as CP or partnership policing may seem, both are not doing well, especially in South Africa (SA) since communities still do not trust the police. The South African Police Service (SAPS) and other police agencies globally are therefore forced to use ILP and other techno tactics to gather information on the populace. The question one needs to ask, with cognisance of the fact that police and community relations are in trouble, is: Is the intention of ILP political or in all honesty to police pro actively?