Query: government procurement     investment

title: Discussion on Green Procurement in Government Investment Projects in China
abstract: This article mainly summarized green procurement issues on domestic and foreign government in vestment projects and analyzed the reasons and difficulty in green procurement of China's government in vestmentprojects.Then,the article puts forward somerelevant opinions and suggestions from fiveaspects.

title: Reforming the procurement of construction and financing of Australian infrastructure advancing capacity, competition and investment
abstract: Funded by an Australian Research Council (ARC) Linkage grant over four years (2009 13) the Major Infrastructure Procurement project sought to find more effective and efficient ways of procuring and delivering the nation's social and economic infrastructure by investigating constraints relating to construction capacity, competition, and finance in new public sector major  The research team comprised researchers in construction economics and finance from Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Griffith University (GU) The University of Hong Kong (UHK) and The University of Newcastle (UoN) Project partners included state government departments and agencies responsible for infrastructure procurement and delivery from all Australian mainland states, and private sector companies and peak bodies in the infrastructure sector (see "Introduction" for complete list) There are a number of major outcomes from this research project. The first of these is a scientifically developed decisionmaking model for procurement of infrastructure that deploys a novel and state of the art integration of dominant microeconomic theory (including theories developed by two Nobel Prize winners) The model has been established through empirical testing and substantial experiential evidence as a valid and reliable guide to configuring procurement of new major and mega infrastructure projects in pursuance of superior Valuefor Money (VfM) The model specifically addresses issues of project size, bundling of contracts, and exchange relationships. In so doing, the model determines the suitability of adopting a Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode.

title: CHINA'S WTO ACCESSION: FOREIGN INVESTMENT, GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT, GRAIN SELF SUFFICIENCY, AND LABOUR STANDARDS

title: A government IT focused e procurement strategy for Colombia
abstract: In Colombia, public agencies execute independent contractual processes to acquire the same information technology (IT) goods or services, suppliers are mostly selected based on the minimum price, and the current procurement process is lengthy and inefficient. There is a need for allowing the Colombian Government to select suppliers considering other criteria (e.g. quality assurance) and also make purchases more efficient and transparent. In this paper we present an initiative aimed at facilitating and standardizing the purchase of IT goods and services across public agencies, through the implementation of a government IT focused e procurement strategy. This strategy is mainly focused on the establishment and implementation of an IT e procurement process, based on Pricing Framework Agreements and supported by a set of tools and training. The implementation of this strategy will enable the Colombian State to achieve a higher level of rationalization over the investment in IT and a reduction in time, effort and cost of the procurement process.

title: PPP project procurement model selection in China: does it matter?
abstract: Procurement models play a key role in determining the success of a public private partnership (PPP) project because they can help the government select the best bidder. Yet, few studies have systematically examined the selection of different procurement models. A content analysis is performed to discuss the institutional and legal framework along with the features of different procurement models in China. A multinomial logistic regression model is then applied to empirically investigate the relationship between the selection of different procurement models and the internal characteristics of the projects, including the investment, duration, operation mode, sector and region. Besides, a questionnaire survey to Chinese officials participating in PPP project procurement is conducted to identify the critical factors affecting the selection preferences. The regression analysis shows that the PPP project procurement model selection in China varies significantly with the internal characteristics of the projects. Moreover, the three most important factors identified are the laws and regulations, internal characteristics of the projects and advice from consultant agencies. These results indicate that the PPP project procurement model selection in China does matter. Helpful policy suggestions for the governments of China and other countries are also provided.

title: Application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Text Mining of Big Data to Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC) Bid and Contract Documents
abstract: Influenced by the innovative technological advances made in recent years, a number of major economies are increasing their national investment in building decision support systems applicable to the industrial sector. This study was conducted with government support to analyze big data in engineering accumulated from the past, develop tools for forecasting and risk management, and use them to build systems that support decision making. The target of system development for this study is the industrial engineering sector, also known as Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC) and is largely divided into five modules, as follows. First, engineering design cost prediction targeted accurately predicting Man Hour (M/H) and provided useful references to contractors and project managers by developing models that predict design costs in the engineering field. Using the M/H prediction model developed by this research, M/H under similar environments or conditions can be predicted and solutions prepared on the project start stage to manage potential risks. Second, engineering design error analysis was conducted with the purpose of helping project implementation risk management by developing a system to analyze actual design error data that occurred in past projects in order to minimize and prevent design errors. Third, engineering design change analysis was conducted to analyze amounts that could be added by changing order and preparing countermeasures in advance due to design changes occurring during the project. The system was built to support decision making as a result of utilizing accumulated data. Fourth, engineering Invitation to Bid (ITB) analysis established a support system to efficiently perform ITB analysis and carry out new processes that automatically detect and present provisions that could pose risks. Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques were applied to conduct the analysis, and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) verified the quality during the process of establishing the procedure. Fifth, equipment maintenance cycle forecasting was conducted to predict the demand for repairing items and ensure that equipment requiring maintenance could be prepared before the predicted malfunction. This paper first introduces the five modules of decision support systems in a wide range, then details the results of the fourth module, the Engineering ITB Analysis step by step.

title: Institutional Policy in Land Procurement Under The Omnibus Law Regime
abstract: The legal culture procedure with socio legal analysis will be able to answer the fundamental questions in the problems of practices of land procurement for public interests, in particular the issue of compensation. The crucial issue of compensation within the implementation of the policy of land procurement regards the non equivalence of land value, both utility value and economic value of structures and landscapes, to the monetary compensation. The use of the legal culture approach is to provide answers and implement them to resolve issues of land procurement for public interests in the omnibus law regime to maintain justice to landowners and preserve the environment. The correlation of the cultural approach and activities of land procurement is that culture refers to the target of the national conscience, and the cultural approach based on the growth mindset will result in wisdom and nobility of the decisions of public officials to prioritize the people rather than interests of investment. The government must choose to renegotiate the policy of enacting the Law of Employment Creation, which is judged by the greater public to conflict with the spirit and mandate of the Preamble and contents of the 1945 Constitution. It needs renegotiation between the state and people by discussing in depth the legal substance of the law is not performed, and then the law in question must have its enactment firmly rejected.

title: E Procurement Praxis in Government Organizations
abstract: Contemporarily, the utilization of Internet for business transactions has advanced significantly. The penetration of the telecommunication network has been a foremost causative factor. Advances in telecommunications and computing occurred frequently in the past and is now flocked on the Internet. Electronic commerce is used by the Companies to enter into new markets that would have otherwise been excluded, due to geography, cost and other issues. Companies rely on electronic commerce to outspread their products to novel sets of customers and novel parts of the globe. The web facilitates a company to expose a new product into the market, get instantaneous customer reaction, enhance and impeccable it, without incurring enormous investment in the physical distribution infrastructure or purchasing a shelf space at a retailer or distributor. Electronic procurement (E procurement) has been widely embraced even by governments seeking administrative efficiency and cost reduction techniques that were originally experienced in the private sector. The purpose of this paper is to understand the E procurement praxis (practice) and its usage in Government organizations (E Government Procurement) Case studies of three government organizations from India and US were deliberately studied and analyzed. The results revealed that cost benefit was the main driver for these organizations to implement E procurement.

title: African agency in the Belt and Road Initiative: Kenya's rail investment as China's flagship BRI project in Africa
abstract: This chapter illustrates how Chinese financing and contractors have created a new development option for African governments seeking to deliver infrastructure megaprojects. It provides a study of the Standard Gauge Railway built by Kenya with Chinese assistance under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) between 2014 and 2017 aEUR" a project previously assessed as non viable by the World Bank. The chapter emphasizes the ability of the Kenyan government to set up a powerful centralized organizational structure to overcome governance challenges and coordinate work with the Chinese contractor to successfully deliver the railway. However, opacity and ballooning land acquisition costs suggests that rent seeking has inflated the cost to taxpayers, echoing several previous international corruption scandals in Kenya. At the level of the private sector, Kenyan agency was partly visible in vested interests opposing the project, partly in successful lobbying to access the closed procurement markets of the Chinese contractor. One of the most frequently raised issues regarding developing countriesaEUR(tm) engagement with the BRI is (over)indebtedness, and in this case Kenya has developed a fiscal instrument to repay the Chinese loans. ChinaaEUR(tm)s follow up trade and investment in East Africa is believed to be a major element of the rationale for the rail project, although concrete measures to achieve this are still lacking and regional connectivity is limited. Data on this will have to be analysed in the next decade or so. The case suggests that a centralized approach in African government engagement with the BRI can deliver projects for a reasonable (albeit inflated) cost, while development benefits and socio economic change require active management beyond the temporary governance model to organize project delivery.

title: Green Public Procurement: Climate Provisions in Public Tenders Can Help Reduce German Carbon Emissions
abstract: This report estimates that government consumption and investment are responsible for at least 12 percent of German greenhouse gas emissions, mostly arising from the provision of public services and construction. Climate friendly Green Public Procurement (GPP) which takes into account the carbon footprint of products and services in public tenders, can help reduce these emissions. Construction, and especially infrastructure, can be a main area for climate change mitigation through GPP. Yet the implementation of GPP practices in Germany is still limited and not focused on emission reduction. Based on a survey among procurement officials, this report shows that the main perceived barrier is the technical complexity of GPP combined with a low administrative capacity. Priority policy measures to overcome these barriers include triggering political commitment to GPP at the local level, enhancing specialized procurement capacities, and strengthening the provision of assistance to procurement authorities, for instance through competence centers on sustainable procurement.