Query: tilapia reproduction

title: Reproduction performance of female Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed on diets made using caterpillar meal (Imbrasia truncate Aurivillius, 1908) as replacement of fish meal
abstract: The study determined the effects of caterpillar meal as a replacement of fish meal on reproduction performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock. Three diets containing different percentages of caterpillar meal were fed to O. niloticus. The first diet (T0) contained 0% caterpillar meal, the second diet (T1) contained 15% caterpillar meal and the third diet (T2) contained 30% caterpillar meal. The diets were fed to duplicate groups of brood fish (average weight of 78.3 6.5 g for males and 39.8 8.17 g for females) Each group consisted of six females and two males stocked into a hapa and fed twice a day at 3% of their body weight for 96 days. There were no significant differences (p 0.05) among the experimental diets with respect to Specific Growth Rates (SGR) but the difference was significant (p 0.05) between diets T0 and the two other diets on the Survival Rate (SR) No significant differences were found between diets T0 and T1 on total of spawning per diet. Inter spawning intervals (ISI) showed irregular patterns in relation to diet (p 0.05) between diets T0 and T1, but with diet T0, the females tended to spawn at shorter intervals. However for diet T2, the period before first spawning was significantly longer than that of diets T0 and T1. Mean gonadosomatic index (GSI) was lower in fish fed with diet T2 than those fed with diets T0 and T1. Diets T0 and T1 recorded the highest GSI with no difference between diets. The body composition of broodstock was not significantly affected by the changes in diets. These results revealed that the replacement of fish meal by caterpillar meal at 15% can lead to better reproduction performance on Nile tilapia broodstock reared in hapas. It was therefore recommended that diet T1 be used in feeding broodstock of Nile tilapia O. niloticus.  Reproduction performance, Oreochromis niloticus, caterpillar meal

title: Salinity effects on oocytes, fertilized egg density and the reproduction rate of the tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii (Dumeril, 1859) in natural and controlled environments
abstract: The effects of salinity on the variation of egg and oocyte densities and reproduction rate in the euryhaline tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii was investigated under natural and controlled conditions.

title: Diets containing purified nucleotides reduce oxidative stress, interfere with reproduction, and promote growth in Nile tilapia females
abstract: The objective of the present study was to assess the health, growth, and reproductive performance of Nile tilapia females fed diets containing purified nucleotides (NT) A total of 420 females (286 7.15 g) and 140 males (536 13.4 g) were used. Fishes were fed with extruded rations (280 g of digestible protein kg 1; 11.72 MJ of digestible energy kg 1) containing 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 g NT kg 1 for 150 days. After mating occurred in hapas, the eggs were harvested and incubated. At the end of the experiment, blood and tissue samples were collected for hematological, biochemical, morphological, and centesimal composition analyses. In addition, indicators of immune system function and redox balance were analyzed. The production of eggs g 1 by spawning females was significantly the highest at 7.5 g NT kg 1. The percentage of spawning females was significantly low in the 7.5 g and 10.0 g NT kg 1 groups, reflecting on fecundity. However, these females showed significantly the highest growth rates. Diets containing 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 g NT kg 1 significantly increased hemoglobin levels. Plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) significantly decreased in fish fed diets containing between 2.5 and 7.5 g NT kg 1, whereas alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and plasma triglyceride levels significantly decreased with 7.5 g NT kg 1. Levels of NT higher than 5.0 g NT kg 1 led to a significantly increase of albumin and significantly reduced plasma calcium levels. Liver glycogen levels significantly increased with 5.0 g NT kg 1. The activities of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S transferase (GST) were significantly the highest in the 5.0 g NT kg 1 and 7.5 g NT kg 1 groups, respectively. The highest glycogen content in the ovaries was significantly observed with 7.5 g NT kg 1. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the ovaries was significantly lower with 2.5, 7.5, and 10.0 g NT kg 1, and the highest catalase activity was significantly observed with 2.5 and 7.5 g NT kg 1. Lysozyme activity in the spleen and kidney and levels of nitrite/nitrate in the kidney were not significantly altered. Only the levels of spleen nitrite/nitrate significantly decreased at 10.0 g NT kg 1. Rations containing more than 5.0 g NT kg 1 significantly increased the percentage of secondary growth oocytes, and liver and intestinal morphology was not significantly altered. Diets containing 5.0 g NT kg 1 significantly increased crude protein content in the ovaries. Supplementation with purified nucleotides, using rations containing between 5.0 and 7.5 g NT kg 1, affected energy metabolism, redox balance, and liver and gonadal status in tilapia females, thereby improving their health and, consequently, their reproduction and growth rates.

title: Concentration of fermented tilapia feces suspension by decomposer bacteria as a feed to induce moina macrocopa sexual reproduction
abstract: Sexual induction of M. macrocopa can be induced by setting a density of feed concentration. To optimize the production of ephippia, sexual females must be given sufficient quality feed. Fermentation of tilapia fish from the results of preliminary studies showed a significant increase in protein concentration but fat concentration decreased. This research to determine the best concentration of fermented tilapia feces feed to produce ephippia M. macrocopa. This research is experimental by using a completely randomized design (CRD) This research consisted of 4 treatments of feed concentration is fermented feces suspension concentration of 33,30 mg/L (P1) 37,00 mg/L (P2) and 40,70 mg/L (P3) and control using rice bran suspension feed concentration of 37,00 mg/L(P0) with each using 5 replications. Induction sexual offspring is maintained at a density of 1000 ind/L for 6 days. During cultivation is calculated survival rate, M. macrocopa ephippia production, and some water quality parameters as support. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan test. This research showed that M. macrocopa cultivation using several concentrations of suspension feed of fermented tilapia feces at concentrations of 40.70 mg/L can induce sexual females and produce ephippia and showed the highest survival rate (1186 26,45 grains/L) and 88,13%

title: Effects of heavy metal pollutants on the reproduction of Nile tilapia
abstract: Many farms surrounding Lake Manzala near the Suez Canal area suffer from severe environmental pollution. The source of pollution in that area comes from different sources of industrial, sewage, agricultural activities and petroleum companies which present in that area. This research aims to study the effects of some environmental pollution especially heavy metals at these locations of Lake Manzala on the Oreochromis niloticus reproduction. There were two groups, one was an intoxicated group (50 fish) and the other one was 50 fish from Abbasa farm as a control group. Fish were transported to the laboratory for studying clinical signs, histopathological examination and detection of heavy metals accumulation in fish organs which involved in reproduction as (liver, brain, ovary, testes) The results showed that there was a significant difference between the intoxicated group and the control group. The metals levels were Fe >Cu>Pb>Cd respectively. The accumulation of (Fe and Cu) were in liver>brain>ovary>testis respectively. While Pd was accumulated in liver >brain> ovary> testis respectively. While Cd was accumulated in liver >brain>testis>ovary respectively. The histological study of these organs (Ovary, testes, liver and brain) was recorded. The testis of the fish showed some degenerative changes and decreased number of seminiferous tubules. They appeared empty from different spermatogenic cells. The ovaries showed deformation from their normal shapes and sever lymphocytic infiltration. The liver showed necrosis and aggregation of melanomacrophages (MMCs) The brain also showed degeneration of neurons, severe loss of granular cells and vacuole formation. We recommended improving the quality control of water and environmental monitoring is necessary for these areas.

title: Assisted reproduction in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus: Milt preservation, spawning induction and artificial fertilization
abstract: Methods for milt collection and chilled preservation, hormone induced spawning and artificial fertilization were studied in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Milt samples were selected from 5 male brooders. Each milt sample was divided into 4 treatments; 3 treatments were centrifuge washed with 0.85% normal saline solution (NSS) and then added with the extenders (1) freshwater fish saline (FFS) or (2) modified fish Ringers solution (MFS) or without an extender as (3) NSS (control) while the fourth treatment was the unwashed control. Milt samples treated with either extender at 4 degC presented a sufficient sperm motility score 3) and sperm viability 70% for up to 20 h post collection. For female brooders, gonadotropin releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) was used to induce spawning. The highest number of females spawned and a pseudo gonadosomatic index were observed in groups that received two GnRHa injections (15 and 30 mg kg 1, 8 h interval) with an oral administration of a dopamine antagonist (5 mg kg 1) Artificial fertilization was performed with fresh and 20 h chilled storage milt. Mean fertilization rates for the fresh and chilled milt fertilized groups were 83.6 7.2% and 42.3 5.1% respectively, with hatching rates of 67.5 3.5% and 28.3 6.8% respectively. Nevertheless, the development of fish larvae from both groups was comparable. This study indicated that artificial fertilization using chilled milt and GnRHa induced spawn produced healthy tilapia fry. Thus, the procedures facilitate breeding programs of Nile tilapia in pair mating selection and distribution of genetic materials.

title: Combination study of spirulina platensis added in feed and oodev injection on tilapia reproduction performance

title: Effects of biofloc technology on reproduction and ovarian recrudescence in Nile tilapia
abstract: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the reproductive cycle, morphological changes of ovary and mobilization of energy reserves in Nile tilapia reared with biofloc technology (BFT) In general, the growth and reproductive performance were highly similar between BFT and Control system (clear water) Difference between the systems was found in the hepatosomatic index (using mixed effects models) which suggested that BFT can alter the energy mobilization in the post spawning period. The absolute and relative fecundity, fertilization rate, number of larvae produced per female, gonadosomatic index, proportion of oogenesis cells, number of post ovulatory and atretic follicles were similar between the two systems. We also did not detect a reduction in the reproductive cycle length in Nile tilapia reared in BFT. Because there was no evidence of the negative effects of BFT on Nile tilapia reproduction, we concluded that BFT might be used for breeder stocking of this species.

title: Growth and reproduction of female Nile tilapia fed diets containing different levels of protein and energy
abstract: This study evaluated the effects of diets containing different levels of digestible protein (DP) and digestible energy (DE) on the growth and reproductive performance of female Nile tilapia. In this study, 567 females (weight, 95.2 15.6 g) and 189 males (weight, 168.8 37.7 g) of the Thai Chitralata lineage were housed in 27 hapa pens (21 females:7 males per hapa pen) The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design using a 3 x 3 factorial structure. For 260 days, the tilapia were fed nine different diets containing combinations of 280, 340, and 400 g kg 1 DP and 11.72, 14.23, and 16.74 MJ kg 1 DE. The absolute fecundity of females was not altered P 0.05) by the different diets. On the other hand, only DE levels had an inversely proportional effect P P P P 1 DE (calculated value) and the greatest VSI values resulted from diets containing the highest level of DE. The condition factor, apparent feed conversion, survival, and gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes of the females were not influenced P 0.05) by the diets. We concluded that feeding reproductively active female Nile tilapia diets containing lower amounts of DP and DE ensures egg production at the expense of somatic growth. Furthermore, diets with 280 g kg 1 DP and 16.74 MJ kg 1 DE are recommended because the lower egg productivity may be offset by the production of more vigorous offspring that have greater chances of survival.

title: Approach of Implementation using models of analysis of main component for breeding and reproduction of tilapia
abstract: Nowadays, aquaculture projects are beginning to be carried out in many parts of Mexico, where the main obstacle to its success is the lack of knowledge of the basic principles and technical necessary skills to achieve maximum utilization. In Mexico, the projection of a tilapia hatchery has required models established in other countries, making the necessary modifications according to the natural conditions of the country. This work intends to apply multivariate analysis techniques and especially based on main components, due to it is a method widely used to reduce the size of a group of specific data, locating it in the specific variables according to the necessity that is required, maintaining a High level order of the main components which are determined and ignoring the low level for the decision making. They optimize according to the natural conditions of Mexico and especially the state of Queretaro in the breeding and reproduction of tilapia, constructing predictive models, at the time of developing applicable projects. For this, the first section of this chapter is a review of different concepts related to methods that may be applicable in decision making for the particularity of said project explaining methods of similar solutions giving different points of view for the solution of the same, in later sections will apply numerical methods of analysis that work with the data generated from the analysis based on main components giving a solution of the problem showing concrete results as desired. Finally, it is presented conclusions and references consulted for the accomplishment of this investigation.