Query: RCC STEEL AND COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

title: Experimental study of biopolymer in corrosion resistance for industrial exposure condition
abstract: Many RCC structures have been built in the last century but these structures are in need of repair within 10 20 years of its construction. The reason for this premature distress and deterioration points towards corrosion of steel reinforcement bars used in these structures due to weakening of concrete. The enormous number of structures that needs immediate repair and renovation opens up a huge potential for research in this area. The repair work done in a conventional way using normal cement composite did not work. Whereas repair work done with scientific approach using high and technically competent materials (like epoxies) leads to uneconomical solutions and not durable to withstand our tropical climatic conditions. India being a flourished nation with infinite resources giving us a numerous number of bio polymers that were used in ancient times in ancient construction, if these bio polymers are identified experimentally for their benefits it would give way to eco friendly economical and long lasting structures. The use of corrosion inhibitor is one of the most widely used countermeasures, because of their simplicity in applications and is relatively less expensive. The natural bio polymers are organic materials available from selected plants, seeds, fruit extracts. Plant extracts corrosion inhibitors are cheap, non toxic and environmental friendly. Organic inhibitors offer protection by adsorbing and forming a protective film on the steel surface. Turmeric, Neem extracts in concrete as corrosion inhibitor in different ratio and as a combination are to be studied at depth, as they are commonly available and there is no constraint in getting these resources throughout the year. An eco friendly, economical, Non Toxic and user friendly corrosion inhibitor can be given from this experimental study. The feasibility study has been made and phytochemical analysis results give positive results for a better result giving corrosion inhibitor.

title: Time and cost comparison of reinforced cement concrete and steel structure
abstract: In South Asian countries concrete is mostly used as construction material, especially for low rise structures. Still steel is not predominantly used in high rise structures. Besides, Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) and steel structures; composite structures can be built to get maximum benefit of the steel and concrete, as well to produce reliable and economic structures. In this paper comparative study of nine storey hospital RCC and steel building is carried out. For the modelling and analysis of RCC and steel structure ETABs software is used. Comparative study of different parameters like base shear, load carrying capacity, displacement, time period, axial force, and cost is carried out with RCC and steel structures. Final results illustrates that steel structures are more suitable for high rise structures, less time consuming and they are cost effective too.

title: SEISMIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF IRREGULAR COMPOSITE STEEL CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND ITS COMPARISON WITH RCC STRUCTURE
abstract: In developing countries like India, the increase in the population creates demand for high rise structures for which we are facing scarcity of land. In present situation it has become necessary to consider economy of the structure which is more important. Generally we have RCC type of structures for the construction of Multi storied buildings. As we all know RCC building requires bulky size of components that increases the self weight of the structure which in turn increases cost of construction. Therefore to overcome this cause resulted in the practice of new innovative and efficient building method, which is Composite steel concrete structure. Composite structure is a type of building method consisting of composite beam, composite column and composite deck slab which is connected with shear connectors. Composite structure consists of both steel and concrete resulting in better ductile behavior than that of RCC system. In this study 10 storied building is considered which is modeled and dynamic analysis is carried out with the use of ETABS software. Results from both the type of structure are compared and concluding that which structure is more recommendable and economical.  Composite structure, RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) structure, Composite beam, Seismology, Seismic weight, Storey stiffness.

title: Comparative Study of Reinforced Concrete Frame Building and RC Steel Composite Frame Building
abstract: Steel industry is growing in almost all parts of the world. The use of steel structure in construction industry is less in India as compared to USA, EU and other developed countries. As well cities in India are amongs high densely inhabitants per square km. which restricts horizontal expansion therefore vertical growth of building becomes predominant. Concrete structures are massive and bestow more seismic weight while steel structure take more ductility and deflection. Composite construction consolidates the better properties of steel and concrete. In this study the static analysis under the provision of IS1893:2002 is carried out for three dimensional models RCC frame structure and RC steel composite frame structure with the help of ETAB software. Comparative study of RCC frame structure and RC steel composite frame structure for G+9 is included.  Composite structures, steel structure framed structure, seismic design, ETABS v18 1.INTRODUCTION In the past for the construction, the choice was normally between a concrete structure and a masonary structure. Failure of many masonary buildings and multistoried RCC buildings due to earthquake have necessitate structural engineers to look for the different method of construction. Due to significant potential in improving the overall performance through rather modest changes in construction technology, use of composite frame structure is of particular intrest. There is great potential for increasing the volume of steel in construction. Especially the current development need in India. Use of steel, reinforced concrete, and composite steel concrete members which are functioning together such composite systems make use of each type of member in most efficient manner to maximize the structural and economical benefit. 2. ELEMENTS OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURE 2.1 Shear connector Mechanical shear connectors are required at the steelconcrete interface. These connectors are designed to (a) transmit longitudinal shear along the interface and (b) prevent separation of steel beam and concrete slab at the interface. There are three types of shear connectors as, (a) Rigid type (b) Bond or anchorage type (c) Flexible type 2.2 composite deck slab Composite deck slab consist of composite column(encased hot rolled I section) steel beam, steel jacketing. 2.3 composite beam The steel beams are connected to the concrete slab in such a way that the two act as one unit, the beam is called as composite beam. Composite beams are similar to concrete Tbeams where the flange of the T beam is made of concrete slab and the web of the T beam is made of the steel section. 2.4 Composite column It is a compression member consisting either concrete encased hot rolled steel section embedded in concrete. At present there is no Indian standard code covering the design of composite column. The design method largely follows Euro code 4, which provides latest research on composite construction. IS 11384 1985 does not make any specific provisions to composite columns. 3.  RCC and steel concrete frame models are analyzed. Seismic analysis of both RCC frame structure and composite frame structure are carried out using software tool ETAB v18. Different parameters such as shear force, storey stiffness, storey displacement, storey drift are discussed 3.1 Structural details A typical plan of building is selected for comparative study of RCC and RC steel composite having plan dimensions 25m x 16m as shown in figure. 3 D model is being prepared for the frame analysis of building in ETABS. Following basic parameters are used for analysis and design of structures. 3.1.1 Material properties Unit weight of masonary 19 kN/m Unit weight of RCC 25 kN/m Grade of concrete M30 Grade of reinforcing steel HYSD500 Grade of structural steel Fe250 Modulus of elasticity for RCC 25 kN/m Modulus of elasticity for steel 210 kN/m Dead load Self weight of structural elements Live load 3 kN/m Floor finish load 1 kN/m International Journal of Engineering Research Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278 0181 http:/www.ijert.org IJERTV9IS070668 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

title: Comparative Study On Response Spectrum Analysis Of Building With Composite Columns And RCC Columns
abstract: The indeed intention of Steel concrete composite construction has gained acceptance worldwide as an alternative to pure steel and Reinforced concrete construction. The practice of composite elements in construction sector is very low in India compared to many developing countries. There is a great potential for increasing the volume of steel in construction, especially in the current development needs. The composite construction reduces the dead weight of the structure, in turn decreases the time of construction work. In this present study G+10 multi storied building composed of RCC columns and two different composite columns viz. Encased column and Infill rectangular tubes are analyzed by using ETABS software. In this study comparison has been made to study the variation in storey drift, storey shear, time period and the displacement of the building with RCC and

title: ANALYSIS OF SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION FOR COMPOSITE STEEL AND RCC UNDER SEISMIC ZONE
abstract: The influence of soil structure interaction in the analysis and design of a 6 storey and basement reinforced concrete frame building is investigated. Models simulating two different conditions: namely soil structure interaction, and fixed base behavior are considered. The influence of the soil structure interaction in the dynamic behavior of the structure is reflected in an increase in the vibration period as well as increase in the system damping in comparison with the fixed base model, which does not consider the supporting soil. Conventional fixed base analysis ignoring the effect of soil flexibility carried out for the seismic design of buildings may result in unsafe design. Therefore, the effect of SSI is an important issue from the viewpoint of design considerations. Thus to evaluate the realistic behavior of structure the soil structure interaction (SSI) effect shall be incorporated in the analysis. In seismic analysis provision of bracing system is one of the important option for the structure to have sufficient strength with adequate stiffness to resist lateral forces. The different configuration of these bracing systems alters the response of buildings, and therefore, it is important to evaluate the most effective type and location of the bracing systems in view point of stability against SSI effect. In present study, two RC building frames, G+10 and G+15 with six different combinations of steel bracing system at alternate locations incorporating the effect of soil flexibility is considered in order to investigate the effectiveness of bracing system to control SSI. The seismic analysis is carried out using equivalent static method as per IS 1893 2002 The study is carried out using Elastic continuum approach(ECM) The influence of SSI on various seismic parameters and the flexural parameters are presented. The changes in all these parameters due to provision of steel bracing system are studied in order to evaluate its effectiveness in controlling the SSI effect. The study reveals that, steel bracing system plays important role to control SSI effect and it is observed that diagonal bracing placed at mid periphery are more effective, in resisting seismic load considering SSI.

title: Compressive behaviour of concrete filled carbon fiber reinforced polymer steel composite tube columns made of high performance concrete
abstract: The confinement of concrete filled steel columns (CFT) with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been extensively studied in recent decades due to their significant applications for the strengthening purposes or construction of composite structures. A CFT column consists of a steel tube and inner filled concrete, where the steel tube is used as a form and confinement of the concrete, with the concrete being the core that prevents buckling of the tube. Due to the development of concrete technology, high performance concrete (HPC) is increasingly used as the internal material of CFT. However, CFT columns are susceptible to local buckling and constant confining stress after yielding of the steel tube. This is why concrete filled carbon fiber reinforced polymer steel composite tubes (CFCT) have been considered. The key parameter, which determines load carrying capacity, and axial and transverse deformation is the number of CFRP layers. The test results showed that local buckling of the steel tube can be effectively eliminated and that the compressive strength of CFCT is enhanced by the external confinement. It has been shown that the stress strain characteristic depends on confinement pressure. This paper also discusses damage patterns and presents analysis of limit load capacity based on both laboratory experiments and numerical calculations.

title: Comparative study of RCC and Steel Concrete composite structure under Time history Analysis
abstract: In Nepal, generally traditional RCC framed structure are preferred due to its familiarity. However, these structures are considered more suitable for the low rise building only and not suitable for the high rise building due to its higher weight, restriction to maximum span, requirement of formwork and other reasons. During the "25th April 2015 Gorkha earthquake" it was observed that most of the high rise building and apartments were highly affected. So for new construction of high rise building and apartments, steel concrete composite can be used to replace the traditional RCC section because of their excellent strength, ductility, better economy, better energy absorption capacity and performance during earthquake. Steel concrete composite elements are widely used in the construction of building, bridges, offshore structure and other structures worldwide, however it is new concept for the construction industry in Nepal. A composite column is built by encasing the steel member by concrete or simply steel section is embedded in concrete section. This thesis work presents the comparative study of performance of building with RCC and steel concrete structural system. It has been found that, steel concrete composite structures will be relatively lighter, flexible with higher time periods and attracts considerably lesser horizontal seismic forces. Hence, construction with steel concrete composite was found to be useful for the location with high seismicity like Nepal.

title: Seismic Performance of Steel and Composite Frame Structure by Non Linear Static Method
abstract: M.Tech. Student, Structural Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, JNEC, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. Professor, Civil Engineering Department, JNEC, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.  In India for low rise buildings. reinforced concrete structures are being preferred over the years due to its convenience and its cost effectiveness together. But for medium to high rise buildings these RC structures are no longer suitable due to its increased dead load, less stiffness, span restriction and hazardous formwork. So for efficient design of all buildings which are subjected to considerable wind earthquake load steel and composite structures are widely accepted now a days. Use of composite material is of particular interest, due to its significant potential in improving the overall performance through rather modest changes in manufacturing and constructional technologies and for steel its rapid erection, high ductility, lesser dead load proved to be an advantageous. This paper the demonstrated comparison of Steel and RCC steel composite frame structure when they are subjected to similar lateral loading by nonlinear static analysis in which it compares performance of high rise frame structure. storey for steel and composite (steel concrete) when it is subjected to earthquake load which increases incrementally for each new storey. Both steel and Steelconcrete composite construction has gained wide acceptance worldwide as an alternative to pure steel and pure concrete construction. Composite construction combines the best of both steel and concrete along with lesser cost, speedy construction, fire protection etc. whereas steel has high strength to weight ratio. It is observed that the performance of steel structure is on higher side than that of the steelconcrete composite frame structure. How it can be best solution for high rise structure as compared to other conventional R.C.C structure.

title: Comparative Study of Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) and Steel Structure
abstract: In South Asian countries concrete is mostly used as construction material, especially for low rise structures. Still steel is not predominantly used in high rise structures. Besides, Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) and steel structures; composite structures can be built to get maximum benefit of the steel and concrete, as well to produce reliable and economic structures. In this paper comparative study of nine storey hospital RCC and steel building is carried out. For the modelling and analysis of RCC and steel structure ETABs software is used. Comparative study of different parameters like base shear, load carrying capacity, displacement, time period, axial force, and cost is carried out with RCC and steel structures. Final results illustrates that steel structures are more suitable for high rise structures, less time consuming and they are cost effective too.