Query: distance learning

title: Distance learning in clinical medical education amid COVID 19 pandemic in Jordan: current situation, challenges, and perspectives
abstract: As COVID 19 has been declared as a pandemic disease by the WHO on March 11th, 2020, the global incidence of COVID 19 disease increased dramatically. In response to the COVID 19 situation, Jordan announced the emergency state on the 19th of March, followed by the curfew on 21 March. All educational institutions have been closed as well as educational activities including clinical medical education have been suspended on the 15th of March. As a result, Distance E learning emerged as a new method of teaching to maintain the continuity of medical education during the COVID 19 pandemic related closure of educational institutions. Distance E Learning is defined as using computer technology to deliver training, including technology supported learning either online, offline, or both. Before this period, distance learning was not considered in Jordanian universities as a modality for education. This study aims to explore the situation of distance E learning among medical students during their clinical years and to identify possible challenges, limitations, satisfaction as well as perspectives for this approach to learning.  This cross sectional study is based on a questionnaire that was designed and delivered to medical students in their clinical years. For this study, the estimated sample size n 588) is derived from the online Raosoft sample size calculator.  A total of 652 students have completed the questionnaire, among them, 538 students (82.5% have participated in distance learning in their medical schools amid COVID 19 pandemic. The overall satisfaction rate in medical distance learning was 26.8% and it was significantly higher in students with previous experience in distance learning in their medical schools as well as when instructors were actively participating in learning sessions, using multimedia and devoting adequate time for their sessions. The delivery of educational material using synchronous live streaming sessions represented the major modality of teaching and Internet streaming quality and coverage was the main challenge that was reported by 69.1% of students.  With advances in technologies and social media, distance learning is a new and rapidly growing approach for undergraduate, postgraduate, and health care providers. It may represent an optimal solution to maintain learning processes in exceptional and emergency situations such as COVID 19 pandemic. Technical and infrastructural resources reported as a major challenge for implementing distance learning, so understanding technological, financial, institutional, educators, and student barriers are essential for the successful implementation of distance learning in medical education.

title: Distance learning in the era of COVID 19
abstract: The novel coronavirus (SARS CoV 2) pandemic has necessitated a dramatic shift in how our dermatology residents and fellows are educated. Distance or online learning has become the norm, and several national and international academic societies have combined resources to assure that continuing medical education occurs during this difficult time. The purpose of this communication is to review select online resources available to dermatology trainees and to encourage our colleagues to continue to advance our specialty through distance learning.

title: Students' Acceptance of the COVID 19 Impact on Shifting Higher Education to Distance Learning in Poland
abstract: This paper is dedicated to the higher education institutions shifting towards distance learning processes due to the global pandemic situation caused by COVID 19 in 2020. The paper covers the pandemic situation in Poland generally, analyzing governmental ordinances and tracking the gradual extension of restrictions for educational institutions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of Experience, Enjoyment, Computer Anxiety, and Self Efficacy on students' acceptance of shifting education to distance learning. The study tested and used the adapted General Extended Technology Acceptance Model for E Learning (GETAMEL) in the context of coronavirus pandemic. The partial least squares method of structural equation modeling was employed to test the proposed research model. The study utilizes an online survey to obtain data from 1692 Polish undergraduate and graduate students in both full and part time study. The dataset was analyzed using SmartPLS 3 software. Results showed that the best predictor of student's acceptance of shifting education to distance learning is Enjoyment, followed by Self Efficacy. Both Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness predict student's Attitude Towards Using and Intention to Use the distance learning. The findings improve understanding regarding the acceptance of distance learning and this work is therefore of particular interest to teachers and practitioners of education.

title: Addressing Distance Learning Barriers in Indonesia Amid the Covid 19 Pandemic
abstract: The rapid spread of the Covid 19 pandemic has created a disruption in Indonesia's education sector as around 45 million students are unable to continue their learning activity in schools. The Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) and the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA) need to consider distance learning approaches that are adjusted to regional characteristics. Distance learning exacerbates barriers of vulnerable students to access education, so diversification of the delivery medium beyond the Internet should be considered. Options may include radio programs or postal services for regions with low connectivity. Local governments need to take on a more active role in aiding the schools than initiatives by the central government. In addition to using existing School Operational Assistance (Bantuan Operasional Sekolah/BOS) funds, local education authorities need to provide schools with further financial support and technical assistance, such as access to recording studios and equipment, to accelerate their adoption of distance learning. Such assistance should not neglect private community schools. Indonesia needs to embark on a large scale capacity building program to better execute distance learning across regions. This requires updating the strategy and supervision on BOS utilization, upgrading capacities of school principals and allowing them to assume greater autonomy at schools, and equipping teachers with hard and soft skills for distance learning. The Covid 19 crisis demonstrates a need for large scale public private partnerships between relevant ministries (MOEC and MORA) and telecommunication and hardware providers. This builds on existing infrastructure to spread distance learning across the archipelago.

title: Teachers' Covid 19 Awareness, Distance Learning Education Experiences and Perceptions towards Institutional Readiness and Challenges
abstract: Amidst the threat of COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines, the educators, students, and the school are still coping and adjusting to the distance learning education. This study explored teachers' awareness about the COVID 19 pandemic and their opinion on their respective schools' readiness, as well as their response to the challenges of conducting distance learning education in the Philippines. A validated questionnaire was developed to collect the relevant data for this study. The initial reliability test obtained 8.9 Cronbach's alpha. Data gathering procedure was done through Google forms, which, after validation from the respective DepEd divisions and universities, were subsequently sent to the teachers via email. The results show that the teachers were highly aware of the presence and consequences caused by the COVID 19 pandemic. The correlation between teacher's demographic profiles and awareness to COVID 19 shows no relationship at all. Nevertheless, the length of teaching experience and specialization is very strongly correlated to readiness to distance learning education. Simultaneously, the teachers' geographic location is strongly correlated to readiness to adapt to distance learning education. Furthermore, only the teachers' gender has a significant difference in their awareness of the COVID 19 pandemic. In contrast, teachers' gender, length of teaching experience, and geographic location have significant differences with their readiness to distance learning education. This study can be used as a basis for further research particularly in developing institutional plans to better understand the status of their teachers and educational organizations, and schools' readiness to teach and learn through distance learning approach; hence, preserving and continuing educational mission during the current or future pandemic as well as be prepared for any natural disasters. https:/doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.6.8

title: Attempts, Successes, and Failures of Distance Learning in the Time of COVID 19
abstract: Over 1.7 billion students around the world have had their education disrupted by the spread of the Coronavirus disease worldwide. Schools and universities have not faced this level of disruption since World War II. The COVID 19 pandemic presented a colossal challenge for teachers to urgently and massively adapt all their classes to distance learning in order to maintain educational continuity with the same quality. Even if some teachers and certain classes were ready to face the situation, a large majority had to adapt their teaching and learning in a very short time without training, with insufficient bandwidth, and with little preparation. This unexpected and rapid transition to online learning has led to a multiplication of teachers' strategies for distance learning in lectures, tutorials, project groups, lab works, and assessments. The purpose of this paper is to present the feedback from students and teachers who participated in the lockdown semester of two different groups of a 5 year program in Chemistry, Environment and Chemical Engineering (100 students) at INSA Toulouse (France) The analysis has highlighted some great successes and some failures in the solutions proposed. Consequently, some guidelines can be given to help us all to learn the lessons of such a singular experience in order to face the unexpected future with more knowledge and more successful distance learning. Teachers have shown very strong resilience during this crisis, at the cost of significant personal commitment. They admit that they have learned more about distance education in two months than in the last 10 years.

title: Indonesia Education Readiness Conducting Distance Learning in Covid 19 Pandemic Situation
abstract: At the end of 2019 China was shocked by a very deadly virus outbreak, Covid 19. Then in 2020, this virus outbreak became a global pandemic that resulted in many life settings being forced to change suddenly, one of which was teaching and learning activities in schools. Indonesia also immediately adjusts the conditions to minimize the spread of this virus. Schools and universities agreed to change learning activities towards distance learning systems. However, the poor implementation has actually made the situation worse, where students feel a lot of stress due to distance learning management is not done comprehensively. This article aims to analyze the implementation of distance learning systems carried out by Indonesian education in the Covid 19 pandemic situation. Literature studies from various reports and scientific articles as well as in depth interviews were also conducted with samples of students, teachers and parents, both in rural and urban environments in Indonesia which were most affected by the Covid 19 virus. The results of the analysis conclude that Indonesia has prepared virtual infrastructure well, but the factors of teachers and schools still need to understand more about the essence of distance learning. Students have low self regulated learning so they are less able to regulate their distance learning activities, teachers tend to stutter about technology, and parents lack understanding of the nature of teaching and learning activities carried out at home.

title: THE PROCESS OF COMMUNITY BUILDING IN DISTANCE LEARNING CLASSES
abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop a theory about the process through which community formed in adult computer mediated asynchronous distance learning classes. A grounded theory design incorporated archived class input as well as interviews with twenty one students and three faculty members from three graduate level distance education classes.A three stage phenomenon was ascertained. The first stage was making friends on line with whom students felt comfortable communicating. The second stage was community conferment (acceptance) which occurred when students were part of a long, thoughtful, threaded discussion on a subject of importance after which participants felt both personal satisfaction and kinship. The third stage was camaraderie which was achieved after long term or intense association with others involving personal communication. Each of these stages involved a greater degree of engagement in both the class and the dialogue.Causal conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences were enumerated. A visual model of the entire process of community building was advanced. Benefits of community were noted, and suggestions were made to facilitate the formation of an on line community.

title: Analysis of the current state of distance learning in the vocational education and training institutions
abstract: The article presents the clarified concepts' system in the context of the stated research theme, the current state of skilled workers' and junior specialists' distance learning in the Ukrainian vocational education and training institutions. The received data shows: education institutions' regional affiliation and profiles; education institutions' teaching staff experience in using distance learning technologies in teaching; their assessment of prospects of distance learning implementation in the Ukrainian VET system; teaching staff willingness to improve their distance learning technology mastering. The empirical data were obtained, analysed and systemized by conducting the e survey using Google Forms web service with restricted access to the form. The results of the SWOT analysis are presented; distance vocational learning implementation strengths, problems, opportunities and threats are summarized. The levels of teachers' readiness to implement distance vocational learning are revealed by diagnosis results. The proposals concerning the constructive solution of distance learning implementation in the skilled workers' and junior specialists' vocational education and training system are formulated and presented.

title: A Shift from Classroom to Distance Learning: Advantages and Limitations
abstract: As there is a great improvement in technology, the demand for innovative ways of delivering education is increasing and this has led to changes in learning and teaching methods. Distance education, which is so different from traditional education, consists of studying from home where students and teachers are physically distant while classroom learning is the type of education system in which the learners and the teachers work under one roof. Electronic means are used to keep students in touch with teachers, provide access to communication between students and bridge the gap and distribute educational material though distance learning programs. Both learning systems have their own advantages and disadvantages. Choosing between these two learning methods highly depends on learners' requirements. In this paper, the researcher aims to discuss history and theories of distance learning, review literature on distant learning, state advantages and disadvantages of distance learning, express implications of the study to learners and teachers, and finally mention suggestions for improving distance learning.