Query: self awareness

title: Self awareness, self regulation, and self transcendence (S ART) a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness
abstract: Mindfulness as a state, trait, process, type of meditation, and intervention has proven to be beneficial across a diverse group of psychological disorders as well as for general stress reduction. Yet, there remains a lack of clarity in the operationalization of this construct, and underlying mechanisms. Here, we provide an integrative theoretical framework and systems based neurobiological model that explains the mechanisms by which mindfulness reduces biases related to self processing and creates a sustainable healthy mind. Mindfulness is described through systematic mental training that develops meta awareness (self awareness) an ability to effectively modulate one's behavior (self regulation) and a positive relationship between self and other that transcends self focused needs and increases prosocial characteristics (self transcendence) This framework of self awareness, regulation, and transcendence (S ART) illustrates a method for becoming aware of the conditions that cause (and remove) distortions or biases. The development of S ART through meditation is proposed to modulate self specifying and narrative self networks through an integrative fronto parietal control network. Relevant perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral neuropsychological processes are highlighted as supporting mechanisms for S ART, including intention and motivation, attention regulation, emotion regulation, extinction and reconsolidation, prosociality, non attachment, and decentering. The S ART framework and neurobiological model is based on our growing understanding of the mechanisms for neurocognition, empirical literature, and through dismantling the specific meditation practices thought to cultivate mindfulness. The proposed framework will inform future research in the contemplative sciences and target specific areas for development in the treatment of psychological disorders.

title: Towards a cognitive neuroscience of self awareness
abstract: Self awareness is a pivotal component of conscious experience. It is correlated with a paralimbic network of medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate and medial parietal/posterior cingulate cortical "hubs" and associated regions. Electromagnetic and transmitter manipulation have demonstrated that the network is not an epiphenomenon but instrumental in generation of self awareness. Thus, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targeting the hubs impedes different aspects of self awareness with a latency of 160ms. The network is linked by ~40Hz oscillations and regulated by dopamine. The oscillations are generated by rhythmic GABA ergic inhibitory activity in interneurons with an extraordinarily high metabolic rate. The hubs are richly endowed with interneurons and therefore highly vulnerable to disturbed energy supply. Consequently, deficient paralimbic activity and self awareness are characteristic features of many disorders with impaired oxygen homeostasis. Such disorders may therefore be treated unconventionally by targeting interneuron function.

title: Self Awareness in Systems on Chip A Survey
abstract: <italic>Editor's note:/italic> Self awareness is a desirable feature of emerging computing systems. It helps systems to understand, manage, and report on their own system behavior. This paper presents an overview centered around the paradigm of self awareness in computing systems. <italic> Partha Pratim Pande, Washington State University</italic>

title: Increasing self awareness

title: Self efficacy and self awareness: moral insights to increased leader effectiveness
abstract: The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationships between self efficacy and self awareness and the moral obligations of leaders in understanding and developing these personal qualities. As leaders strive for excellence, self efficacy and self awareness can empower them to unlock their own potential and the potential of their organizations and those with whom they work.  The paper integrates research of self efficacy and self awareness as they pertain to ethical leadership and presents six propositions that increase leadership effectiveness, create value for the organization, and develop leaders considered my trusted by others.  The authors argue that greater understanding of self efficacy and self awareness is important for individual growth and can enable ethical leaders to empower themselves, their colleagues, and the organization in which they work.  This research presents six propositions concerning self efficacy and self awareness and their influence on effective leadership that can be tested in future research. The ethically based nature of self efficacy and self awareness merits additional academic research and practitioner application.  This paper provides valuable insights to scholars and practitioners by proposing six propositions that will allow leaders to increase their effectiveness and add value to the organization. Social implications Ethical leaders add value by continuously improving themselves. Ethical leaders owe it to others and themselves to be more effective through a greater understanding of self efficacy and self awareness.  Self efficacy and self awareness are moral duties associated with the identities of leaders and important for leaders in understanding their own capabilities and identities. Greater knowledge of self efficacy and self awareness can enable ethical leaders to be more effective and create value.

title: The Benefits of Self Awareness and Attention in Fog and Mist Computing
abstract: Self awareness facilitates a proper assessment of cost constrained cyber physical systems, allocating limited resources where they are most needed. Together, situation awareness and attention are key enablers for self awareness in efficient distributed sensing and computing networks.

title: Measuring the Effects of Self Awareness: Construction of the Self Awareness Outcomes Questionnaire
abstract: Dispositional self awareness is conceptualized in several different ways, including insight, reflection, rumination and mindfulness, with the latter in particular attracting extensive attention in recent research. While self awareness is generally associated with positive psychological well being, these different conceptualizations are also each associated with a range of unique outcomes. This two part, mixed methods study aimed to advance understanding of dispositional self awareness by developing a questionnaire to measure its outcomes. In Study 1, expert focus groups categorized and extended an initial pool of potential items from previous research. In Study 2, these items were reduced to a 38 item self report questionnaire with four factors representing three beneficial outcomes (reflective self development, acceptance and proactivity) and one negative outcome (costs) Regression of these outcomes against self awareness measures revealed that self reflection and insight predicted beneficial outcomes, rumination predicted reduced benefits and increased costs, and mindfulness predicted both increased proactivity and costs. These studies help to refine the self awareness concept by identifying the unique outcomes associated with the concepts of self reflection, insight, reflection, rumination and mindfulness. It can be used in future studies to evaluate and develop awareness raising techniques to maximize self awareness benefits while minimizing related costs.

title: Induction of self awareness in dreams through frontal low current stimulation of gamma activity
abstract: Recent findings link fronto temporal gamma electroencephalographic (EEG) activity to conscious awareness in dreams, but a causal relationship has not yet been established. We found that current stimulation in the lower gamma band during REM sleep influences ongoing brain activity and induces self reflective awareness in dreams. Other stimulation frequencies were not effective, suggesting that higher order consciousness is indeed related to synchronous oscillations around 25 and 40 Hz.

title: The watching eyes phenomenon: The role of a sense of being seen and public self awareness
abstract: In recent years, a growing number of researchers have examined the watching eyes phenomenon (i.e. increased prosocial and decreased antisocial behavior when subtle watching eyes are present in the environment) Somewhat surprisingly, the questions of how and under what conditions subtle cues of being watched operate have been unanswered so far. The present contribution addresses this research gap. In two studies, we document that (a) subtle cues of being watched induce a sense of being seen and (b) chronic public self awareness moderates the watching eyes phenomenon in that specifically individuals with strong chronic public self awareness show more prosocial behavior under conditions of watching eyes. The applicability of subtle cues of being watched in research on social presence is discussed.

title: INCOG Recommendations for Management of Cognition Following Traumatic Brain Injury, Part III: Executive Function and Self Awareness
abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in complex cognitive (and other) sequelae. Impairments in executive function and self awareness are among the most characteristic neuropsychological sequelae and can exert a profound effect on resuming previous life roles. An international group of researchers and clinicians (known as INCOG) convened to develop recommendations for interventions to improve impairments in executive functioning and self awareness after TBI. The team reviewed the available literature and ensured the recommendations were current. To promote implementation, the team developed decision algorithms incorporating the recommendations based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of published trials. The team then prioritized the recommendations for implementation and developed audit criteria to evaluate the adherence to the best practice recommendations. Intervention programs incorporating metacognitive strategy instruction for planning, problem solving, and other cognitive executive impairments have a solid evidence base. New evidence supports the use of strategies to specifically improve reasoning skills. Substantial support exists for use of direct corrective feedback to improve self awareness. An increasing number of scientifically well designed studies are available that demonstrate the effectiveness of a variety of interventions for the remediation of impairments in executive function and self awareness after TBI.