Query: philosophy of Allama Iqbal

title: Philosophy of Allama Iqbal with special reference to the Islamic society and Culture
abstract: A Philosophy is a discipline of facts and knowledge undoubtedly relevant to the coming into being of all facets of human life. As it sheds light on the issue of life and human fate, knowledge is inferred and postulated. Allama Muhammad Iqbal made an invaluable contribution to the provision and solution of Islamic society's problems. The article is an attempt to examine Allama Iqbal and his contribution to social theory. This is based on a study of relevant literature, with a focus on conceptualizing Iqbal and his contribution to Islamic culture and society. It is precisely this unity of culture and faith that will form the basis for the views of Muhammad Iqbal on Muslim culture. The most critical aspect of social life and the cornerstone of its transition is the culture of the Iqbal view. He thought that culture plays a greater role in clarifying social change than other variables, such as economics and politics. Though Iqbal has studied Western thought extensively, the views of Iqbal on culture are basically influenced by the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith. This paper seeks to discover the idea of Muslim culture and society of Iqbal, and the fundamental principles that empower, encourage, and guide Muslims in their cultural pursuits.

title: Economic Philosophy of Allama Iqbal
abstract: Allama Muhammad Iqbal, the thinker of Pakistan, was born on November 09, 1877. His poetry in Urdu (30 percent) and Persian (70 percent) inspired Muslim Ummah and played a vital role in the establishment of Pakistan. Of Course, the great and dedicated work done by Quaid i Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the father of our Country, enabled the dream of Allama Muhammad Iqbal to crystallise in reality.

title: Issues in Teachers' Education through Distance Education: A Case Study of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan
abstract: Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) offers teacher education programs from Primary School Teacher to Doctor of Philosophy in Education. The current study is focused on B. Ed. 2 year M.Ed. and Associate Degree in Education (ADE) AIOU has rendered great services in the field of education and particularly teacher education. Distance education internationally is an established system of education but in the context of Pakistan there are certain issues in distant mode of education which if addressed, may improve quality in teacher education. The current study investigated issues from the perspectives of tutors in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data were collected from tutors in 03 districts through interviews. Interview was conducted with total of 20 tutors. The purpose of the study was to get an in depth understanding of the issues and suggest recommendations for improvement of the teacher education through distance learning from AIOU and the distance education programs offered by other universities.

title: Social Philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal Views on Ummah and Islamic Society
abstract: Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877 1938) belonged to the age of early twentieth century. He had a profound insight into the holy Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad and had delved deep into the Western thought. His Islamic knowledge and his study of philosophy in the West equipped him with a good access to the sources of both Islam and Western modernism. His approach to Islam is thus on broader basis than that of the traditional theologians and the Western educated Muslims. Iqbal's later poetry particularly poetical works in Persian and the lectures, entitled "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam" testifies to his objective and dynamics. Keeping this in view, this paper discusses the Social Philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal, with a special focus on his views on Ummah and Islamic Society.

title: Individuality In the Educational Philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal
abstract: Nowadays, Muslim Ummah all over the world likely at the cross road, at the position where they watch clearly a phenomenon of life that directs them into surprising modern civilization with full creativities and innovations, but far away from the true values of Islamic education. On the other hand, they observe vividly numerous dimensions of life that direct every individual into strong morality, norms and right way of life to discover the Ultimate Reality. This social fact at the end compelled every one of modern people to select which one among these two is the correct ideal for the truth of life. This article tries to elaborate the concept of individuality in the educational philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal 2 In his Lectures, Iqbal elaborated that individuality is not a datum but an achievement. It is the fruit of a constant, strenuous effort in and against the forces of the external environment as well as the disruptive tendencies within man himself. The life of individuality (the Ego) he further explained is a kind of tension caused by the Ego invading the environment and the environment invading the Ego. An individual is the basis of all aspects of educations, which then must be educated and concerned together with the development of its relationship to the community. Like the philosopher, the educator must necessarily inquire into the nature of these two terms of his active individual and the environment, which ultimately determine the solution of all his problems.

title: Muhammad Iqbal, Stray Reflections: A Notebook of Allama Iqbal
abstract: Notwithstanding the differentiation Gary Morson (2003) makes amongst aphorism, dictum, maxim, hypothesis, witticism, parable, thought, Stray Reflections, a title chosen by the author himself, is probably a synthesis of all. Written as a diary, it began on 27 April 1910 and continued only for a few months. Muhammad Iqbal (1877 1938) poet philosopher of India, returned from Europe (with the degree of doctorate) in 1908 to undergo an acute existential unrest, as evident in his letters to Atiya Begum. A year later this unrest flowered into the most known of his poems: "The Complaint and Response to It" (shikva, javab e shikva) Given its genre, as well as temporal specificity, Stray Reflections certainly doesn't constitute Iqbal's final thoughts. To many readers, some of its entries are already outdated for instance, his views on women's education (p. 124) Most, however, invite readers to think and imagine in realms as diverse as art, poetry, philosophy, politics, religion and more. The first entry is: "Art is a sacred lie" The third one reads: "Human intellect is nature's attempts at self criticism" To the question of whether he believed in the existence of God, Iqbal mused that neither he himself nor the questioner knew what "believe" "existence" and "God" meant. Iqbal saw Hegel's philosophy as "an epic poem in prose" On the continued relevance of metaphysics, he held that "the practical in all its shapes drives me back to the speculative" In the current climate, the following is probably apt: "Fanaticism is patriotism for religion; patriotism, fanaticism for country" Moving to poetry, Iqbal remarked: "Matthew Arnold defines poetry as criticism of life. That life is criticism of poetry is equally true" Let me mention a few more. "The Jewish race has produced only two great men Christ and Spinoza" "The French orientalist [Ernest] Renan reveals the essentially religious character of his mind in spite of his References

title: Allama Iqbal's Critique of Western Democracy
abstract: The shallow glamour of the western democracy hipped up a kind of intellectual hysteria in the Muslim world. Inspired by the skin deep allure of Western institutions, the Muslims rushed into the indiscriminate importation of liberal ideas to their home countries. Democracy was one of those ideals to have held the Muslim academia, and laymen alike spellbound. Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal, a distinguished poet, and Muslim philosopher, having dug deep into the realm of western philosophy, admonished his co religionists to guard themselves against democracy characterizing it as an infernal bane, and a mirage which had in its garb the Caesarean, and tsarist despots masqueraded as democrats. It offered nothing else but 'old wine in new bottles' What was more, it was wholly stripped of an ethical, and spiritual orientation whereby it was rendered superficial, and suicidal. Also, it left the most vital affairs of human life to the vagaries of uncouth, and untamed masses who lacked even a bit of wisdom to judge their own good, let alone the collective good of the society. As a substitute for the western democracy, Allama put forward the Quranic ideal of "Spiritual Democracy" He termed it a genuine democratic order in which he felt no qualms about exploitation, manipulation, and loot. This paper attempts to weigh the contemporary democracy from the perspective of Iqballian philosophy of spiritual democracy.  Democracy, Allama Iqbal, West, Spiritual Democracy, Islam.

title: A Comparative Study of Walt Whitman and Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal on "SELF"
abstract: In both religion philosophy, the concept of self is of tremendous significance. It has always been an idea of contemplation for mankind as man has always discovered himself uncertain about the true value of his self. Self is a spiritual entity that contains the whole cosmos in itself has dominion over the physical part of the body. Its power is fathomless moves freely around the whole universe. Allama Iqbal Walt Whitman are associated with different religious cultural backgrounds, but despite this divergence, spiritual, ideological poetical convergence can be seen in their works. The most striking similarity that can be spotted in their poetry, is their treatment of self. Both use self as a symbol of spirituality mysticism. Iqbal's Secret of Self Whitman's Song of Myself presents a distinct composition of religious, cultural, political spiritual changes, their nations were going through. This research paper seeks to examine the poetry of Iqbal Whitman to highlight the convergence as well as divergence in their beliefs on self.

title: A Comparative Study of Walt Whitman and Dr Allama Muhammad Iqbal on " SELF "
abstract: In both religion philosophy, the concept of self is of tremendous significance. It has always been an idea of contemplation for mankind as man has always discovered himself uncertain about the true value of his self. Self is a spiritual entity that contains the whole cosmos in itself has dominion over the physical part of the body. Its power is fathomless moves freely around the whole universe. Allama Iqbal Walt Whitman are associated with different religious cultural backgrounds, but despite this divergence, spiritual, ideological poetical convergence can be seen in their works. The most striking similarity that can be spotted in their poetry, is their treatment of self. Both use self as a symbol of spirituality mysticism. Iqbal"s Secret of Self Whitman"s Song of Myself presents a distinct composition of religious, cultural, political spiritual changes, their nations were going through. This research paper seeks to examine the poetry of Iqbal Whitman to highlight the convergence as well as divergence in their beliefs on self.

title: Allama Iqbal's attitude toward Sufism and his unique philosophy of khudi self