Query: dark tourism；Community participation

title: Identification of development model for community participation based dark tourism the case of Bann Nok Lay Village, Kamala Beach, Phuket, Thailand

title: Tourism community participation of tourism areas based on a crisis response perspective:Taking the Dajiuzhai region after the Wenchuan Earthquake as an example

title: Community Participation and Residents' Support for Tourism Development in Ancient Villages: The Mediating Role of Perceptions of Conflicts in the Tourism Community
abstract: As increasing numbers of tourists have begun to visit ancient villages, conflicts between tourism development and residents have become one of the main challenges to the sustainable development of the tourism community. This research explores the relationship between community participation and residents' support for tourism development in an ancient village. This study surveyed 249 indigenous residents living in Whampoa Village, Guangzhou, China. The findings show that community participation in tourism development has a positive influence on residents' support for tourism development, and this relationship is mediated by the perceptions of conflicts in the tourism community. This study contributes a new theoretical perspective and practical implications for the sustainable development of ancient villages.

title: A Case Study on the Tourism Community Participation Models of Hainan Ethnic Minority Areas Based on Chinese Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy
abstract: In Hainan ethnic minority areas where have abundant tourism resources developing pro poor tourism projects is an important approach to poverty alleviation However whether local residents really participate in tourism is related to the efficiency and effectiveness of the results. So to find the best way for the poor people to fighting poverty and pursuing development, we analysis two different models of Hainan ethnic minority area that they succeed in poverty alleviation through tourism. One is the "New Village Model of Big Region and Small Town" model of Shijin village based on "enterprise local household" rural amorous feelings towns, the other one is government led model of the beautiful village of Shihan in Qiongzhong. We attempt to find why they succeed in poverty alleviation through tourism; their ways of community participation, then explores the experiences for reference in the tourism poverty alleviation and development in Hainan ethnic regions. Our results suggest that all the models focus on economic participation and concentrate on getting local residents rich, they emphasize culture, government play an important roles in the initial phase of project, and use "tourism+"in different industries to expand participation breadth and depth.

title: CHALLENGES TO COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN HERITAGE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDIES OF SHAHJAHANABAD AND NIZAMUDDIN BASTI IN NEW DELHI, INDIA
abstract: In new Delhi, the capital of India, history and modernity exist side by side, making it an ideal tourist destination. The city is home to three UNESCO world heritage sites, 174 monuments of national importance and thousands of unlisted monuments. These sites exist not in isolation but are living heritage, where communities not only live around the structures but have made the structures part and parcel of their daily lives. Thus, tourism's impacts are most apparent at the level of the destination community and therefore it is essential to decentralize tourism development and policymaking. There is a need to integrate tourism development into the overall community defined development goals, as is the case with several other developing nations, decision making is highly centralized in India and in Delhi, which results in low level of community participation, mostly at a coercive level and never at a consultative level. This research would, therefore, explore (a) local residents' perception of their role in tourism decision making and (b) barriers in the participation of local communities. The research was carried out through two case studies in Delhi: Nizamuddin Basti and Shahjahanabad. These areas are historically important and are the top tourist destinations for the city. The local condition of tourism development and community involvement, however, vary widely among them, making them ideal for the study. The study adopted a qualitative approach and used field observation and interviews to collect relevant data.

title: Community Participation as a mediating factor on residents' attitudes towards sustainable tourism development and their personal environmentally responsible behaviour
abstract: This pioneering study explores the powerful mediating effect of community participation on both residents' attitudes toward sustainable tourism development and their personal environmentally responsible behaviour. It establishes residents' attitudes when the concept of sustainable tourism development is introduced, measures its influence on their participation in public affairs, and the importance of their own environmentally responsible behaviour. It explores the complex relationships between attitude, community participation, and environmentally responsible behaviour involved, using a survey of 362 residents from 5 eco tourism communities in Taiwan. Results show that residents' attitudes towards sustainable tourism development positively and significantly affect both community participation and environmentally responsible behaviour. The degree of residents' community participation also positively affects environmentally responsible behaviour. Residents' attitudes toward sustainable tourism development also directly affected environmentally responsible behaviour as well as indirectly affect behaviour via the mediator, "community participation" Five mechanisms are suggested to encourage these changes: (1) Institutions develop community sustainable tourism civic education, (2) cohesion and insight for consciousness events to promote sustainable tourism development attitudes, (3) lively public hearings should be encouraged to turn passive into active participation, (4) mechanisms for reporting environmental damage should be created, and (5) community environmental clean up days should be held.

title: The evolving path of community participation in tourism in China
abstract: While there has been a plethora of research on community participation in tourism, most has relied upon a single survey or other form of data acquisition that lacks a dynamic component. Therefore, there is a need for longitudinal research to examine any changes in that participation. This article explores the evolution of participation in tourism in two communities, Nanshan and Tangfeng, in Hainan, China. Semi structured interviews were conducted with 24 villagers, and secondary data were collected to supplement the qualitative research. It postulates four stages of community involvement in sharing benefits and decision making: impactee, beneficiary, client, and owner. It is found that, in the cases under consideration, the evolution of participation has been slow, and the benefits to the communities from tourism and access to decision making power are limited, with the power structure involved with tourism resorts being the main reason for this slow progress. Three suggestions are proposed to address this situation: capacity building, partnership, and institutional empowerment.

title: EFFECTS OF INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND POLICIES ON COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN WILDLIFE TOURISM IN AFRICA
abstract: This study examines the effect of policies and institutional structures on the ability of communities to participate in wildlife tourism in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. The research utilized a qualitative approach with two case study sites being Askam (South Africa) and Tsabong (Botswana) The study incorporated 17 semistructured interviews with tourism stakeholders and 2 focus group discussions with members of the 2 communities, all of whom were purposely selected. It was found that although governing policies from the two countries were generally supportive, the specific park policies were seen to limit the contribution of wildlife tourism to communities' livelihood. Additionally, the institutional arrangements present in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park formed some barriers to community participation. Overall, the research provides insight on host community participation in wildlife tourism in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park using a cross border perspective.

title: THE EFFECT OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND ROLE OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTOR TOWARDS THE SUCCESS OF TOURISM VILLAGE: A CASE STUDY IN AMBENGAN VILLAGE AS A TOURISM VILLAGE IN SUKASADA DISTRICT OF BULELENG REGENCY, INDONESIA
abstract: Tourism village as one of the destinations for diversifying tourism destinations increases the participation of the society in tourism activities in each region in order to realize a prosperous society. This research was conducted in Ambengan Village, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency to analyze community participation, the role of regional government and the private sector to oppose the development of the tourism village. The results of this study indicate community participation, the role of regional government and the role of the private sector which have a positive and significant effect on the success of the tourism village. The role of regional government has a positive and significant effect on public participation and the role of the private sector. The role of regional governments is directly and positively related to the success of the tourism village through community participation. The role of regional government is directly and positively related to the success of a tourism village through the role of the private sector.

title: STUDY OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT OF NGADAS TRADITIONAL TOURISM VILLAGE IN PONCOKUSUMO DISTRICT, MALANG REGENCY
abstract: The development of a tourism village, from the beginning of the planning to the evaluation process must involve the local community as a form of community empowerment as the goal of tourism development that listed in Indonesian Tourism Master Plan year of 2011 2025. It was revealed that the community tourism objects of the Malang Regency had not played an active role in the development of local attractions. In Ngadas Village itself, the community already knew their identity as a tourism village. However, the involvement and participation of the community in the development process has not been optimal. The level of participation was measured using eight stages of Arnstein's participation, divided into four stages of participation; planning phase, implementation phase, phase of use and monitoring phase. The results indicate that the level of community participation in the traditional Ngadas tourism village is still the third of eight stages in Arnstein's participation. Characteristics of the third ladder, named informing are where the community is passively involved by only being informed about the activities and the plans to be carried out, which have been decided before. Opinions and ideas from the community are not being a consideration that can influence the decisions.