Query: Expatriate compensation covid-19

title: Self Isolation Compliance In The COVID 19 Era Influenced By Compensation: Findings From A Recent Survey In Israel.
abstract: A new Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) outbreak is spreading since December 2019. In an attempt to contain the disease, health authorities call for self quarantine of individuals suspected as exposures. Health officials assume the public will comply in high rates; however, studies suggest that a major obstacle to compliance for household quarantine is concern over loss of income. A cross sectional study of the adult population of Israel was conducted in the last week of February 2020 to assess public attitudes toward the COVID 19 outbreak. In particular, public compliance rates with self quarantine were assessed depending on compensation for lost wages. The results suggest that when compensation was assumed, the compliance rate was 94% yet, when compensation was removed, the compliance rate dropped to less than 57% This study demonstrates that providing people with assurances for their livelihood during self quarantine is an important component in compliance with public health regulations.

title: Is risk compensation threatening public health in the covid 19 pandemic?
abstract: Unfounded concerns about risk compensation threaten public health when they delay the introduction of protective measures such as wearing of face coverings, argue Theresa Marteau and colleagues

title: Occupational factors in the COVID 19 pandemic in Italy: compensation claims applications support establishing an occupational surveillance system
abstract: The SARS CoV 2 pandemic is an impacting challenge for occupational health. Epidemiological surveillance of COVID 19 includes systematic tracking and reporting of the total cases and deaths, but suitable experiences of surveillance systems for identifying the occupational risk factors involved in the COVID 19 pandemic are still missing, despite the interest for occupational safety and health.  A methodological approach has been implemented in Italy to estimate the occupational risk of infection, classifying each economic sector as at low, medium low, medium high and high risk, based on three parameters: exposure probability, proximity index and aggregation factor. Furthermore, during the epidemic emergency, the Italian Workers' Compensation Authority introduced the notation of COVID 19 work related infection as an occupational injury and collected compensation claims of workers from the entire national territory.  According to compensation claims applications, COVID 19 infection in Italy has been acquired at the workplace in a substantial portion of the total cases (19.4% The distribution of the economic sectors involved is coherent with the activities classified at risk in the lockdown period. The economic sectors mostly involved were human health and social work activities, but occupational compensation claims also include cases in meat and poultry processing plants workers, store clerks, postal workers, pharmacists and cleaning workers.  There is a need to go towards an occupational surveillance system for COVID 19 cases, including an individual anamnestic analysis of the circumstances in which the infection is acquired, for the prevention of occupational infectious risk, supporting insurance system effectiveness and managing vaccination policies.

title: Cost Evaluation of Potential Conclusive COVID 19 Presumption in California Workers' Compensation
abstract: The COVID 19 pandemic and resultant stay at home orders are significantly impacting California's economic, health care and workers' compensation systems. Some COVID 19 workers' compensation claims have already been filed. However, at this time, it is unclear what proportion of the illnesses and deaths directly resulting from the virus will ultimately be determined to be work related. Some states have enacted presumptions of COVID 19 claims being work related for certain front line workers and similar proposals are under discussion in California.

title: Evaluation of Cost Impact of Governor Newsom's Executive Order on Rebuttable Presumption for California COVID 19 Workers' Compensation Claims
abstract: The COVID 19 pandemic and resultant stay at home orders are significantly impacting California's economic, health care and workers' compensation systems. Many COVID 19 workers' compensation claims have already been filed. However, at this time, it is unclear what proportion of the illnesses and deaths resulting from the virus will ultimately be determined to be work related. Some states have enacted presumptions of compensability of COVID 19 claims for certain front line workers and similar proposals are under consideration in California. On April 17, 2020, at the request of the Assembly Insurance Committee, the WCIRB completed an evaluation of the potential cost impact of a conclusive presumption as to the compensability of COVID 19 claims of essential critical infrastructure employees as specified by the Governor in the March 19, 2020 Executive Order N 33 20.1

title: No Fault Compensation for Vaccine Injury The Other Side of Equitable Access to Covid 19 Vaccines.
abstract: No Fault Compensation for Vaccine Injury Pharmaceutical companies won't distribute Covid 19 vaccines to lower income countries without liability protection. To efficiently handle claims, the COVAX

title: Compensation effect between deaths from Covid 19 and crashes: The Italian case
abstract: Emergencies such as the Covid 19 pandemic pose several decision making issues, while clear evidence of successful strategies are still unavailable, different policies may be identified. However, in such emergencies, the preservation of public health, by firstly reducing human loss of life may be prioritized and then restrictive measures are implemented. The trade off between damage due to the threat and the decrease in damage due to the lockdown is largely unexplored. Here we show that there is a degree of compensation between damage from epidemic deaths and from traffic deaths, especially in the case of immediate restrictive measures imposed by governments. Based on the Italian case, we found that damage from loss of human Capital and health care costs could have been fully compensated if the lockdown had been imposed ten days earlier. Considering only one Italian region (Puglia) where the epidemic was delayed and then restrictions were timely, damage due to loss of human Capital was largely compensated in the real scenario. However, damage due to loss of welfare could not have been fully compensated for, since Covid 19 deaths largely outnumber traffic deaths in the simulated epidemic period and loss of welfare damage is scarcely dependent on the age at death. From a broader perspective, societies seem to react to external threats as a whole organism, thus tending to restore the original equilibrium. Governmental decisions could accelerate this process. However, in the case of similar threats, some wounds cannot be compensated for, such as the incalculable damage due to loss of welfare.

title: Essential Case Management Practices Amidst the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) Crisis: Part 2: End of Life Care, Workers' Compensation Case Management, Legal and Ethical Obligations, Remote Practice, and Resilience.
abstract: This is the second of a 2 part article that discusses essential case management practices and strategies amidst the novel coronavirus disease 2019  The series showcases the potential professional case managers have in support of managing during a crisis such as a global pandemic. Part II continues to describe reenvisioned roles and responsibilities of case managers and their leaders to meet the needs of patients/support systems during the crisis. It focuses on the increased need for end of life care, impact on workers' compensation case management practice, and the self care needs of the professional case manager.  Applicable to the various case management practice settings across the continuum of health and human services, with special focus on acute care.  The COVID 19 global pandemic has resulted in a crisis case managers and other health care professionals never faced something like it before. At the same time, it has provided opportunities for innovation and creativity including use of digital and telecommunication technology in new ways to ensure the continued delivery of health and human services to those who need them regardless of location. It has also resulted in the development of necessary and impactful partnerships within and across different health care organizations and diverse professional disciplines. Most importantly, this pandemic has required special attention to the increased need of patients for timely palliative and end of life care. In addition, it has prompted a focus on the safety, health, and well being of case managers and other health care professionals, resulting in expanded workers' compensation case management practice coupled with the need for self care and resilience.  Professional case managers are integral members of interprofessional health care teams. Their roles and responsibilities are even more necessary during the uncertainty of a global pandemic such as COVID 19. So far, the experience of this crisis has resulted in a deliberate need to ensure the safety of both, those who are the recipients of health care services and those who are responsible for the provision of care. Self care and resilience of health care professionals and case managers, especially due to the complex dynamics of the COVID 19 pandemic, have advanced a desirable and necessary view of remote/virtual practice and as a strategy for enhancing the person's health and well being. This pandemic has forced the development of impactful partnerships and collaborations among the diverse contexts of health care organizations and support service providers. These contexts of care delivery have also emphasized the necessary legal and ethical practice of case managers and the other involved parties. Experts agree that the innovative care delivery methods practiced during the pandemic will undoubtedly remain as desirable beyond the current crisis period.

title: COVID 19: Incentive Compensation Design in a Shifting Landscape
abstract: In addition to the recent disruption caused by COVID 19, there have been a number of other significant developments over the past few years and in recent months that may impact incentive compensation program design. This memorandum gives an overview of these changes and how they have begun a gradual shift in the incentive compensation landscape, and provides both nearand long term considerations, for companies that are or may wish to revise their incentive compensation programs in light of this changing landscape.

title: Australia needs a vaccine injury compensation scheme: Upcoming COVID 19 vaccines make its introduction urgent.
abstract: There is a strong public health ethical justification to introduce a vaccine injury compensation scheme in Australia, and it needs to be in place before widespread use of COVID 19 vaccines.