nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Adult attachment representations, parental responsiveness, and infant attachment: a meta-analysis on the predictive validity of the Adult Attachment Interview.

About a decade ago, the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; C. George, N. Kaplan, & M. Main, 1985) was developed to explore parents' mental representations of attachment as manifested in language during discourse of childhood experiences. The AAI was intended to predict the quality of the infant-parent attachment relationship, as observed in the Ainsworth Strange Situation, and to predict parents' responsiveness to their infants' attachment signals. The current meta-analysis examined the available evidence with respect to these predictive validity issues. In regard to the 1st issue, the 18 available samples (N = 854) showed a combined effect size of 1.06 in the expected direction for the secure vs. insecure split. For a portion of the studies, the percentage of correspondence between parents' mental representation of attachment and infants' attachment security could be computed (the resulting percentage was 75%; kappa = .49, n = 661). Concerning the 2nd issue, the 10 samples (N = 389) that were retrieved showed a combined effect size of .72 in the expected direction. According to conventional criteria, the effect sizes are large. It was concluded that although the predictive validity of the AAI is a replicated fact, there is only partial knowledge of how attachment representations are transmitted (the transmission gap).
Characterizing Dynamic Brain Responses with fMRI: A Multivariate Approach

In this paper we present a multivariate analysis of evoked hemodynamic responses and their spatiotemporal dynamics as measured with fast fMRI. This analysis uses standard multivariate statistics (MANCOVA) and the general linear model to make inferences about effects of interest and canonical variates analysis (CVA) to describe the important features of these effects. We have used these techniques to characterize the form of hemodynamic transients that are evoked during a cognitive or sensorimotor task. In particular we do not assume that the neural or hemodynamic response reaches some "steady state" but acknowledge that these physiological changes could show profound task-dependent adaptation and time-dependent changes during the task. To address this issue we have modeled hemodynamic responses using appropriate temporal basis functions and estimated their exact form within the general linear model using MANCOVA. We do not propose that this analysis is a particularly powerful way to make inferences about functional specialization (or more generally functional anatomy) because it only provides statistical inferences about the distributed (whole brain) responses evoked by different conditions. However, its application to characterizing the temporal aspects of evoked hemodynamic responses reveals some compelling and somewhat unexpected perspectives on transient but stereotyped responses to changes in cognitive or sensorimotor processing. The most remarkable observation is that these responses can be biphasic and show profound differences in their form depending on the extant task or condition. Furthermore these differences can be seen in the absence of changes in mean signal.
Improving Legal Information Retrieval by Distributional Composition with Term Order Probabilities

The current information analysis capabilities of legal professionals are still lagging behind the explosive growth in legal document availability through digital means, driving the need for higher efficiency Legal Information Retrieval (IR) and Question Answering (QA) methods. The IR task in particular has a set of unique challenges that invite the use of semantic motivated NLP techniques. In this work, a two-stage method for Legal Information Retrieval is proposed, combining lexical statistics and distributional sentence representations in the context of Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Entailment (COLIEE). The combination is done by means of disambiguation rules, applied over the lexical rankings when those deemed unreliable for a given query. Competition and experimental results indicate small gains in overall retrieval performance using the proposed approach. Additionally, a analysis of error and improvement cases is presented for a better understanding of the contributions.
Automatic Generation of the Domain Module from Electronic Textbooks: Method and Validation

Technology-supported learning systems have proved to be helpful in many learning situations. These systems require an appropriate representation of the knowledge to be learned, the Domain Module. The authoring of the Domain Module is cost and labor intensive, but its development cost might be lightened by profiting from semiautomatic Domain Module authoring techniques and promoting knowledge reuse. DOM-Sortze is a system that uses natural language processing techniques, heuristic reasoning, and ontologies for the semiautomatic construction of the Domain Module from electronic textbooks. To determine how it might help in the Domain Module authoring process, it has been tested with an electronic textbook, and the gathered knowledge has been compared with the Domain Module that instructional designers developed manually. This paper presents DOM-Sortze and describes the experiment carried out.
Impulse noise reduction for texture images using real word spelling correction algorithm and local binary patterns

Noise Reduction is one of the most important steps in very broad domain of image processing applications such as face identification, motion tracking, visual pattern recognition and etc. Texture images are covered a huge number of images where are collected as database in these applications. In this paper an approach is proposed for noise reduction in texture images which is based on real word spelling correction theory in natural language processing.The proposed approach is included two main steps. In the first step, most similar pixels to noisy desired pixel in terms of textural features are generated using local binary pattern. Next, best one of the candidates is selected based on two-gram algorithm. The quality of the proposed approach is compared with some of state of the art noise reduction filters in the result part. High accuracy, Low blurring effect, and low computational complexity are some advantages of the proposed approach.
Equalization in high-speed communication systems

The article first discusses the major non-ideal issues of low-cost transmission media for over Gbps data transmissions - the frequency dispersion loss and channel noise. The former causes ISI in received signal, which presents difficulty for clock and data recovery at high frequencies and results higher BER. The latter further degrades the received signal quality and further limits the data transmission rate and transmission distance. Then, two equalization approaches - transmitter pre-emphasis and receiver equalization, are reviewed, in addition to various adaptation criteria and algorithms.
A Robust Adaptive Beamformer with a Blocking Matrix Using Coefficient-Constrained Adaptive Filters

This paper proposes a new robust adaptive beamformer applicable to microphone arrays. The proposed beamformer is a generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC) with a variable blocking matrix using coefficient-constrained adaptive filters (CCAFs). The CCAFs, whose common input signal is the output of a fixed beamformer, minimize leakage of the target signal into the interference path of the GSC. Each coefficient of the CCAFs is constrained to avoid mistracking. In the multipleinput canceller, leaky adaptive filters are used to decrease undesirable target-signal cancellation. The proposed beamformer can allow large look-direction error with almost no degradation in interference-reduction performance and can be implemented with a small number of microphones. The maximum allowable look-direction error can be specified by the user. Simulation results show that the proposed beamformer, when designed to allow about 20◦ of look-direction error, can suppress interference by more than 17 dB. key words: beamforming, microphone array, adaptive signal processing, noise reduction
Digital beamforming for Passive Coherent Location radar

The paper presents digital beamforming for Passive Coherent Location (PCL) radar. The considered circular antenna array is a part of a passive system developed at Warsaw University of Technology. The system is based on FM radio transmitters. The array consists of eight half-wave dipoles arranged in a circular array covering 360deg with multiple beams. The digital beamforming procedure is presented, including mutual coupling correction and antenna pattern optimization. The results of field calibration and measurements are also shown.
Improving biocuration of microRNAs in diseases: a case study in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and non-coding RNA molecules that inhibit gene expression posttranscriptionally. They play important roles in several biological processes, and in recent years there has been an interest in studying how they are related to the pathogenesis of diseases. Although there are already some databases that contain information for miRNAs and their relation with illnesses, their curation represents a significant challenge due to the amount of information that is being generated every day. In particular, respiratory diseases are poorly documented in databases, despite the fact that they are of increasing concern regarding morbidity, mortality and economic impacts. In this work, we present the results that we obtained in the BioCreative Interactive Track (IAT), using a semiautomatic approach for improving biocuration of miRNAs related to diseases. Our procedures will be useful to complement databases that contain this type of information. We adapted the OntoGene text mining pipeline and the ODIN curation system in a full-text corpus of scientific publications concerning one specific respiratory disease: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the most common and aggressive of the idiopathic interstitial cases of pneumonia. We curated 823 miRNA text snippets and found a total of 246 miRNAs related to this disease based on our semiautomatic approach with the system OntoGene/ODIN. The biocuration throughput improved by a factor of 12 compared with traditional manual biocuration. A significant advantage of our semiautomatic pipeline is that it can be applied to obtain the miRNAs of all the respiratory diseases and offers the possibility to be used for other illnesses.


Database URL
The Ends of Information Systems Research: A Pragmatic Framework

In this paper, we argue that any effort to understand the state of the Information Systems field has to view IS research as a series of normative choices and value judgments about the ends of research. To assist a systematic questioning of the various ends of IS research, we propose a pragmatic framework that explores the choices IS researchers make around theories and methodologies, ethical methods of conduct, desirable outcomes, and the long-term impact of the research beyond a single site and topic area. We illustrate our framework by considering and questioning the explicit and implicit choices of topics, design and execution, and the representation of knowledge in experimental research—research often considered to be largely beyond value judgments and power relations. We conclude with the implications of our pragmatic framework by proposing practical questions for all IS researchers to consider in making choices about relevant topics, design and execution, and representation of findings in their research.
Study and Characterization of Waveforms From Low-Watt ($≪$25 W) Compact Fluorescent Lamps With Electronic Ballasts

The aim of this paper is to study the behavior of compact fluorescent lamps, also known as low-cost, energy-efficient light bulbs due to their high light output. This type of light bulb is used increasingly because its energy consumption is low, especially compared to traditional incandescent bulbs, and because its average useful life is longer. However, disadvantages also exist in that these bulbs are linear and time-variant electrical loads, and the current waveform they absorb is extremely distorted (far removed from the sinusoidal form). This gives rise to harmonic current injections on the electrical grid, which causes problems in installations and have a negative impact on voltage waveform quality. Due to the disadvantages just presented and other factors, it is important to study current waveforms in diverse scenarios and different electrical power that is involved in addition to the active power, such as the reactive power, apparent power, and distortion powers (as defined in IEEE Std. 1459-2000). Other concepts, such as the harmonic distortion percentage, are also examined. With these aims in mind, we set out to create models for and simulate the behavior of these lamps using Pspice, the well-known simulation program.
A Simple Algebraic Model based Polyalphabetic Substitution Cipher

Cryptography is considered to be a disciple of science of achieving security by converting sensitive information to an un-interpretable form such that it cannot be interpreted by anyone except the transmitter and intended recipient. An innumerable set of cryptographic schemes persist in which each of it has its own affirmative and feeble characteristics. In this paper we have we have developed a traditional or character oriented Polyalphabetic cipher by using a simple algebraic equation. In this we made use of iteration process and introduced a key K0 obtained by permuting the elements of a given key seed value. This key strengthens the cipher and it does not allow the cipher to be broken by the known plain text attack. The cryptanalysis performed clearly indicates that the cipher is a strong one.
Research information in nurses' clinical decision-making: what is useful?

To examine those sources of information which nurses find useful for reducing the uncertainty associated with their clinical decisions.



Nursing research has concentrated almost exclusively on the concept of research implementation. Few, if any, papers examine the use of research knowledge in the context of clinical decision-making. There is a need to establish how useful nurses perceive information sources are, for reducing the uncertainties they face when making clinical decisions.



Cross-case analysis involving qualitative interviews, observation, documentary audit and Q methodological modelling of shared subjectivities amongst nurses. The case sites were three large acute hospitals in the north of England, United Kingdom. One hundred and eight nurses were interviewed, 61 of whom were also observed for a total of 180 hours and 122 nurses were involved in the Q modelling exercise.



Text-based and electronic sources of research-based information yielded only small amounts of utility for practising clinicians. Despite isolating four significantly different perspectives on what sources were useful for clinical decision-making, it was human sources of information for practice that were overwhelmingly perceived as the most useful in reducing the clinical uncertainties of nurse decision-makers.



It is not research knowledge per se that carries little weight in the clinical decisions of nurses, but rather the medium through which it is delivered. Specifically, text-based and electronic resources are not viewed as useful by nurses engaged in making decisions in real time, in real practice, but those individuals who represent a trusted and clinically credible source are. More research needs to be carried out on the qualities of people regarded as clinically important information agents (specifically, those in clinical nurse specialist and associated roles) whose messages for practice appear so useful for clinicians.
Haptics in minimally invasive surgical simulation and training

Haptics is a valuable tool in minimally invasive surgical simulation and training. We discuss important aspects of haptics in MISST, such as haptic rendering and haptic recording and playback. Minimally invasive surgery has revolutionized many surgical procedures over the last few decades. MIS is performed using a small video camera, a video display, and a few customized surgical tools. In procedures such as gall bladder removal (laparoscopic cholesystectomy), surgeons insert a camera and long slender tools into the abdomen through small skin incisions to explore the internal cavity and manipulate organs from outside the body as they view their actions on a video display. Because the development of minimally invasive techniques has reduced the sense of touch compared to open surgery, surgeons must rely more on the feeling of net forces resulting from tool-tissue interactions and need more training to successfully operate on patients.
Nitrogen-Deficient Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Performance for Lithium Ion Battery Anodes.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) behaving as a layered feature with graphite was indexed as a high-content nitrogen-doping carbon material, attracting increasing attention for application in energy storage devices. However, poor conductivity and resulting serious irreversible capacity loss were pronounced for g-C3N4 material due to its high nitrogen content. In this work, magnesiothermic denitriding technology is demonstrated to reduce the nitrogen content of g-C3N4 (especially graphitic nitrogen) for enhanced lithium storage properties as lithium ion battery anodes. The obtained nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 (ND-g-C3N4) exhibits a thinner and more porous structure composed of an abundance of relatively low nitrogen doping wrinkled graphene nanosheets. A highly reversible lithium storage capacity of 2753 mAh/g was obtained after the 300th cycle with an enhanced cycling stability and rate capability. The presented nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 with outstanding electrochemical performances may unambiguously promote the application of g-C3N4 materials in energy-storage devices.
Goal programming approaches to obtain the priority vectors from the intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations

The priority method on the intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation (IFPR) is proposed. In order to avoid the operational difficulty in dealing with the intuitionistic sets, the equivalent interval matrices of the IFPR are introduced. Based on the multiplicative consistent definition of the fuzzy interval preference relation (FIPR), the goal programming models for deriving the priority vector of the IFPR have been put forward by analyzing the relation between the IFNPR and the IFPR. This goal programming method is generalized to the case of group decision making with the weight information defined by each DM. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the application of the proposed models.
On subjective well-being and quality of life.

We integrate the multi-disciplinary fields of quality of life (QoL) and well-being (WB) and appraise the impacts of health factors. Theoretical and methodological limitations are discussed and new conceptual and technical advances identified, These are informed by cross-cultural and community perspectives. Following a definitional review, social inequalities, and links with happiness are examined. Demographic, experiential and personal factors are outlined. Implications for poverty research are addressed. As the concept of SWB recently converged with the longstanding international QoL definition (WHOQOL Group, 1995), we discuss the separate need for SWB. Future collaborative conceptual and pragmatic research is recommended.
Brain MRI super-resolution using 3D generative adversarial networks

In this work we propose an adversarial learning approach to generate high resolution MRI scans from low resolution images. The architecture, based on the SRGAN model, adopts 3D convolutions to exploit volumetric information. For the discriminator, the adversarial loss uses least squares in order to stabilize the training. For the generator, the loss function is a combination of a least squares adversarial loss and a content term based on mean square error and image gradients in order to improve the quality of the generated images. We explore different solutions for the upsampling phase. We present promising results that improve classical interpolation, showing the potential of the approach for 3D medical imaging super-resolution. Our code is publicly available 1.
The Mediator subunit MED23 couples H2B mono-ubiquitination to transcriptional control and cell fate determination.

The Mediator complex orchestrates multiple transcription factors with the Pol II apparatus for precise transcriptional control. However, its interplay with the surrounding chromatin remains poorly understood. Here, we analyze differential histone modifications between WT and MED23(-/-) (KO) cells and identify H2B mono-ubiquitination at lysine 120 (H2Bub) as a MED23-dependent histone modification. Using tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we find that MED23 associates with the RNF20/40 complex, the enzyme for H2Bub, and show that this association is critical for the recruitment of RNF20/40 to chromatin. In a cell-free system, Mediator directly and substantially increases H2Bub on recombinant chromatin through its cooperation with RNF20/40 and the PAF complex. Integrative genome-wide analyses show that MED23 depletion specifically reduces H2Bub on a subset of MED23-controlled genes. Importantly, MED23-coupled H2Bub levels are oppositely regulated during myogenesis and lung carcinogenesis. In sum, these results establish a mechanistic link between the Mediator complex and a critical chromatin modification in coordinating transcription with cell growth and differentiation.
I Would like to Thank the Sneetches

Jeremy Franklin, Richard Galletly, Cat Hines, Charlotte Hogg, Tom Mann, Matthew Manning, Alex Mitchell, Ben Nelson, Raakhi Odedra, Charlotte Pope-Williams, Alice Pugh, Amandeep Rehlon, May Rostom, Emma Sinclair, Anne Wetherilt and Richard Wyatt for their comments and contributions. I would also like to thank Professors Philip Bond and Heidi Johansen-Berg and Alan Milburn and Emma Hardaker-Jones for their insights.