nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced interference in working memory following mindfulness training is associated with increases in hippocampal volume

Proactive interference occurs when previously relevant information interferes with retaining newer material. Overcoming proactive interference has been linked to the hippocampus and deemed critical for cognitive functioning. However, little is known about whether and how this ability can be improved or about the neural correlates of such improvement. Mindfulness training emphasizes focusing on the present moment and minimizing distraction from competing thoughts and memories. It improves working memory and increases hippocampal density. The current study examined whether mindfulness training reduces proactive interference in working memory and whether such improvements are associated with changes in hippocampal volume. 79 participants were randomized to a 4-week web-based mindfulness training program or a similarly structured creative writing active control program. The mindfulness group exhibited lower proactive interference error rates compared to the active control group following training. No group differences were found in hippocampal volume, yet proactive interference improvements following mindfulness training were significantly associated with volume increases in the left hippocampus. These results provide the first evidence to suggest that (1) mindfulness training can protect against proactive interference, and (2) that these benefits are related to hippocampal volumetric increases. Clinical implications regarding the application of mindfulness training in conditions characterized by impairments to working memory and reduced hippocampal volume such as aging, depression, PTSD, and childhood adversity are discussed.
Turbo-Like Beamforming Based on Tabu Search Algorithm for Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems

For millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, codebook-based analog beamforming (including transmit precoding and receive combining) is usually used to compensate the severe attenuation of mmWave signals. However, conventional beamforming schemes involve complicated search among predefined codebooks to find out the optimal pair of analog precoder and analog combiner. To solve this problem, by exploring the idea of turbo equalizer together with the tabu search (TS) algorithm, we propose a Turbo-like beamforming scheme based on TS, which is called Turbo-TS beamforming in this paper, to achieve near-optimal performance with low complexity. Specifically, the proposed Turbo-TS beamforming scheme is composed of the following two key components: 1) Based on the iterative information exchange between the base station (BS) and the user, we design a Turbo-like joint search scheme to find out the near-optimal pair of analog precoder and analog combiner; and 2) inspired by the idea of the TS algorithm developed in artificial intelligence, we propose a TS-based precoding/combining scheme to intelligently search the best precoder/combiner in each iteration of Turbo-like joint search with low complexity. Analysis shows that the proposed Turbo-TS beamforming can considerably reduce the searching complexity, and simulation results verify that it can achieve near-optimal performance.
Domain Adaptation for Statistical Machine Translation with Domain Dictionary and Monolingual Corpora

tra Statistical machine translation systems are usually trained on large amounts of bilingual text and monolingual text. In this paper, we propose a method to perform domain adaptation for statistical machine translation, where in-domain bilingual corpora do not exist. This method first uses out-of-domain corpora to train a baseline system and then uses in-domain translation dictionaries and in-domain monolingual corpora to improve the indomain performance. We propose an algorithm to combine these different resources in a unified framework. Experimental results indicate that our method achieves absolute improvements of 8.16 and 3.36 BLEU scores on Chinese to English translation and English to French translation respectively, as compared with the baselines using only out-ofdomain corpora.
Lane Detection ( Part I ) : Mono-Vision Based Method

In this report, we introduce a mono-vision based lane detection method (pure mono-vision without the aide of any other sensor). The lane detection method consists of the sub-parts of lane mark segment extraction, lane model fitting, and lane tracking. The lane mark segment extractor is based on some criteria that are only related to the inherent physical properties of the lane marks. The lane model is parameterized in the world (the ground plane) reference instead of in the image reference. The lane tracking is carried out in the framework of the particle filter, including the evolution and the update of the lane state; a mechanism that executes on-line estimation of the vehicle pitch angle is naturally incorporated in the lane tracking process. Read-data tests are given to demonstrate the performance of the mono-vision based lane detection method.  lane detection, mono-vision, inverse perspective mapping, lane tracking, particle filter * Hao LI: Imara, INRIA Paris-Rocquencourt, hao.li@inria.fr † Fawzi NASHASHIBI: Imara, INRIA Paris-Rocquencourt, fawzi.nashashibi@inria.fr ha l-0 07 81 27 4, v er si on 1 25 J an 2 01 3 Reconnaissance de Voie (Part I) : Méthode Fondée Sur Vision-Monoculaire Résumé : Dans ce rapport, on a introduit une méthode de la reconnaissance de voie fondée sur vision-monoculaire (pure vision-monoculaire sans l’aide de aucune capteur). La méthode de la reconnaissance de voie consiste des sousparts de l’extraction de marquages routiers, ajustement du modèle de voie, et le pistage de voie. L’extracteur de marquages routiers se fonde sur des critères qui ne sont reliés qu’aux traits physiques inhérents des marquages routiers. Le modèle de voie se paramètre dans le repère mondial (le plan du sol) au lieu du repère de l’image. Le pistage de voie se met en œuvre dans l’architecture du filtre particulaire, y compris l’évolution et la mise à jour de l’état de voie ; un mécanisme qui exécute l’estimation en ligne de l’angle tangage du véhicule est intégré naturellement dans le processus du pistage de voie. L’expérimentation aux données réelles a été conduite pour montrer la performance de la méthode de la reconnaissance de voie fondée sur visionmonoculaire. Mots-Clés : reconnaissance de voie, vision-monoculaire, projection perspective inverse, pistage de voie, filtre particulaire ha l-0 07 81 27 4, v er si on 1 25 J an 2 01 3 Lane Detection (Part I): Mono-Vision Based Method 5 RT n 433
'Just What the Doctor Ordered': A Revised UTAUT for EMR System Adoption and Use by Doctors

Electronic medical record (EMR) systems can deliver many benefits to healthcare organizations and the patients they serve. However, one of the biggest stumbling blocks in garnering these benefits is the limited adoption and use by doctors. We employ the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) as the theoretical foundation and adapt the theory to the context of EMR system adoption and use by doctors. Specifically, we suggest that age will be the only significant moderator, and gender, voluntariness and experience will not play significant moderating roles. We tested our model in a longitudinal study over a 7-month period in a hospital implementing a new EMR system. We collected 3 waves of survey data from 141 doctors and used system logs to measure use. While the original UTAUT only predicted about 20% of the variance in intention, the modified UTAUT predicted 44%. Both models were comparable in their prediction of use. In addition to contributing to healthcare IT and UTAUT research, we hope this work will serve as a foundation for future work that integrates UTAUT with other theoretical perspectives.
NCRYPTION A ND S TEGANOGRAPHY

The art of information hiding has become an important issue in the recent years as security of information has become a big concern in this internet era. Cryptography and Steganography play major role for secured data transfer. Steganography stands for concealed writing; it hides the message inside a cover medium. Cryptography conceals the content of a message by encryption. QR (Quick Response) Codes are 2-dimensional bar codes that encode text strings. They are able to encode information in both vertical and horizontal direction, thus able to encode more information. In this paper a novel approach is proposed for secret communication by combining the concepts of Steganography and QR codes. The suggested method includes two phases: (i) Encrypting the message by a QR code encoder and thus creating a QR code (ii) Hiding the QR code inside a colour image. This hiding process embeds the quantised QR code so that it will not make any visible distortion in the cover image and it introduces very minimum Bit Error Rate (BER). Experimental result shows that the proposed method has high imperceptibility, integrity and security..
Anomalous Magnetic Field Activity During a Bioenergy Healing Experiment

A few studies have reported magnetic fi eld changes during bioenergy healing. In a pilot experiment, we examined magnetic fi eld activity during hands-on healing and distant healing of mice with experimentally induced tumors. During healing sessions, we observed distinct magnetic fi eld oscillations adjacent to the mice cages, which were similar in appearance to those reported by Zimmerman (1985). The magnetic fi eld oscillations began as 20–30 Hz oscillations, slowing to 8–9 Hz, and then to less than 1 Hz, at which point the oscillations reversed and increased in frequency, with an overall symmetrical appearance resembling a “chirp wave.” The waves ranged from 1–8 milliGauss peak-to-peak in strength and 60–120 sec in duration. Evidence to date suggests that bioenergy healing may be detectable with DC gaussmeters, although we have not ruled out an artifactual basis for the oscillations reported here.
Cluster By: a new sql extension for spatial data aggregation

The development of areas such as remote and airborne sensing, location based services, and geosensor networks enables the collection of large volumes of spatial data. These datasets necessitate the wide application of spatial databases. Queries on these geo-referenced data often require the aggregation of isolated data points to form spatial clusters and obtain properties of the clusters. However, current SQL standard does not provide an effective way to form and query spatial clusters. In this paper, we aim at introducing Cluster By into spatial databases to allow a broad range of interesting queries to be posted on spatial clusters. We also provide a language construct to specify spatial clustering algorithms. The extension is demonstrated with several motivating examples.
The Study of a Dual-Mode Ring Oscillator

An analytical investigation of a dual-mode ring oscillator is presented. The ring oscillator is designed using a CMOS 0.18-μm technology with differential eight-stage delay cells employing auxiliary input devices. With a proper startup control, the oscillator operates in two different modes covering two different frequency bands. A nonlinear model, along with the linearization method, is used to obtain the transient and steady-state behaviors of the dual-mode ring oscillator. The analytical derivations are verified through HSPICE simulation. The oscillator operates at the frequency bands from 2-5 GHz and from 0.1-2 GHz, respectively.
Detecting Bias : Does an Algorithm Have to Be Transparent in Order to Be Fair ?

The most commonly cited solution to problems surrounding algorithmic fairness is increased transparency. But how do we reconcile this point of view with the state of the art? Many of the most effective modern machine learning methods (such as neural networks) can have millions of variables, defying human understanding. This paper decomposes the quest for transparency and examines two of the options available using technical examples. By considering some of the current uses of machine learning and using human decision making as a null hypothesis, I suggest that pursuing transparent outcomes is the way forward, with the quest for transparent algorithms being a lost cause.
Overuse lower extremity injuries in sports.

When athletes train harder the risk of injury increases, and there are several common overuse injuries to the lower extremity. Three of the most common lower extremity overuse injuries in sports are discussed including the diagnosis and treatments: medial tibal stress syndrome, iliotibial band syndrome, and stress fractures. The charge of sports medicine professionals is to identify and treat the cause of the injuries and not just treat the symptoms. Symptomatology is an excellent guide to healing and often the patient leads the physician to the proper diagnosis through an investigation of the athlete's training program, past injury history, dietary habits, choice of footwear, and training surface.
Adaptive wideband beamforming for smart antennas using only spatial signal processing

This article presents an adaptive beamformer for wideband smart antennas, capable of steering the main beam and nulls in azimuth in a noisy environment, by means of processing the signal only in the space domain, avoiding, in this way, tape-delay lines and frequency filters. This is known as fully spatial signal processing in which a two-dimensional antenna array operates as a spatial filter, processing the received signals with only weighting schemes. Earlier weighting schemes algorithms are not able to work properly in a noisy environment. In previous work we proposed a novel beamforming algorithm which employs a second order Kalman filter to efficiently synthesize the radiation patterns in a noisy environment; the algorithm was proven to work with up to three interference signals. In this work, the results obtained taking into account up to nine interference signals are presented.
Effects of fear and anger on perceived risks of terrorism: a national field experiment.

The aftermath of September 11th highlights the need to understand how emotion affects citizens' responses to risk. It also provides an opportunity to test current theories of such effects. On the basis of appraisal-tendency theory, we predicted opposite effects for anger and fear on risk judgments and policy preferences. In a nationally representative sample of Americans (N = 973, ages 13-88) fear increased risk estimates and plans for precautionary measures; anger did the opposite. These patterns emerged with both experimentally induced emotions and naturally occurring ones. Males had less pessimistic risk estimates than did females, emotion differences explaining 60 to 80% of the gender difference. Emotions also predicted diverging public policy preferences. Discussion focuses on theoretical, methodological, and policy implications.
A Queueing Network Model of Patient Flow in an Accident and Emergency Department

In many complex processing systems with limited resources, fast response times are demanded, but are seldom delivered. This is an especially serious problem in healthcare systems providing critical patient care. In this paper, we develop a multiclass Markovian queueing network model of patient flow in the Accident and Emergency department of a major London hospital. Using real patient timing data to help parameterise the model, we solve for moments and probability density functions of patient response time using discrete event simulation. We experiment with different patient handling priority schemes and compare the resulting response time moments and densities with real data.
Video Gaming and Children’s Psychosocial Wellbeing: A Longitudinal Study

The effects of video games on children's psychosocial development remain the focus of debate. At two timepoints, 1 year apart, 194 children (7.27-11.43 years old; male = 98) reported their gaming frequency, and their tendencies to play violent video games, and to game (a) cooperatively and (b) competitively; likewise, parents reported their children's psychosocial health. Gaming at time one was associated with increases in emotion problems. Violent gaming was not associated with psychosocial changes. Cooperative gaming was not associated with changes in prosocial behavior. Finally, competitive gaming was associated with decreases in prosocial behavior, but only among children who played video games with high frequency. Thus, gaming frequency was related to increases in internalizing but not externalizing, attention, or peer problems, violent gaming was not associated with increases in externalizing problems, and for children playing approximately 8 h or more per week, frequent competitive gaming may be a risk factor for decreasing prosocial behavior. We argue that replication is needed and that future research should better distinguish between different forms of gaming for more nuanced and generalizable insight.
Photovoltaic based water pumping system

In this paper a stand-alone Photovoltaic (PV) systems is presented for water pumping. Solar PV water pumping systems are used for irrigation and drinking water. PV based pumping systems without battery can provide a cost-effective use of solar energy. For the purpose of improving efficiency of the system perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm based Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) is connected to this system. The aim of this paper is to show how to achieve an effective photovoltaic pumping system without battery storage. Results are presented based on different cases of irrigation pumping application and availability of solar irradiance. Simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK show that the performance of the controllers both in transient as well as in steady state is quite satisfactory.
Video Question Answering via Hierarchical Spatio-Temporal Attention Networks

Open-ended video question answering is a challenging problem in visual information retrieval, which automatically generates the natural language answer from the referenced video content according to the question. However, the existing visual question answering works only focus on the static image, which may be ineffectively applied to video question answering due to the lack of modeling the temporal dynamics of video contents. In this paper, we consider the problem of open-ended video question answering from the viewpoint of spatio-temporal attentional encoderdecoder learning framework. We propose the hierarchical spatio-temporal attention network for learning the joint representation of the dynamic video contents according to the given question. We then develop the spatio-temporal attentional encoder-decoder learning method with multi-step reasoning process for open-ended video question answering. We construct a large-scale video question answering dataset. The extensive experiments show the effectiveness of our method.
Dual-State Parametric Eye Tracking

Most eye trackers work well for open eyes. However, blinking is a physiological necessity for humans. Moreover, for applications such as facial expression analysis and driver awareness systems, we need to do more than tracking the locations of the person’s eyes but obtain their detailed description. We need to recover the state of the eyes (i.e. whether they are open or closed), and the parameters of an eye model (e.g. the location and radius of the iris, and the corners and height of the eye opening). In this paper, we develop a dual-state model based system of tracking eye features that uses convergent tracking techniques and show how it can be used to detect whether the eyes are open or closed, and to recover the parameters of the eye model. Processing speed on a Pentium II 400MHZ PC is approximately 3 frames/second. In experimental tests on 500 image sequences from child and adult subjects with varying colors of skin and eye, accurate tracking results are obtained in 98% of image sequences.
Adaptive Load Balancing: A Study in Multi-Agent Learning

We study the process of multi-agent reinforcement learning in the context of load balancing in a distributed system, without use of either central coordination or explicit communication. We rst de ne a precise framework in which to study adaptive load balancing, important features of which are its stochastic nature and the purely local information available to individual agents. Given this framework, we show illuminating results on the interplay between basic adaptive behavior parameters and their e ect on system e ciency. We then investigate the properties of adaptive load balancing in heterogeneous populations, and address the issue of exploration vs. exploitation in that context. Finally, we show that naive use of communication may not improve, and might even harm system e ciency.
A Reliability Perspective of the Smart Grid

Increasing complexity of power grids, growing demand, and requirement for greater reliability, security and efficiency as well as environmental and energy sustainability concerns continue to highlight the need for a quantum leap in harnessing communication and information technologies. This leap toward a ¿smarter¿ grid is widely referred to as ¿smart grid. A framework for cohesive integration of these technologies facilitates convergence of acutely needed standards, and implementation of necessary analytical capabilities. This paper critically reviews the reliability impacts of major smart grid resources such as renewables, demand response, and storage. We observe that an ideal mix of these resources leads to a flatter net demand that eventually accentuates reliability challenges further. A gridwide IT architectural framework is presented to meet these challenges while facilitating modern cybersecurity measures. This architecture supports a multitude of geographically and temporally coordinated hierarchical monitoring and control actions over time scales from milliseconds and up.
Malar mounds and festoons: review of current management.

Blepharoplasty, the most common aesthetic eyelid procedure, sometimes involves a challenging patient subgroup: those who present with malar edema, malar bags, and festoons. In this review article, the authors describe the relevant anatomy in festoon development, discuss the pathophysiological basis of this condition spectrum, outline clinical examination basics, summarize various surgical approaches for treatment and propose an algorithm for their application, and describe the most common postsurgical complications.
The Obstetric Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Various forms of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) have been performed for millennia and continue to be prevalent in parts of Africa. Although the health consequences following FGM/C have been broadly investigated, divergent study results have called into question whether FGM/C is associated with obstetric consequences. To clarify the present state of empirical research, we conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature and quantitative meta-analyses of the obstetric consequences of FGM/C. We included 44 primary studies, of which 28 were comparative, involving almost 3 million participants. The methodological study quality was generally low, but several studies reported the same outcome and were sufficiently similar to warrant pooling of effect sizes in meta-analyses. The meta-analyses results showed that prolonged labor, obstetric lacerations, instrumental delivery, obstetric hemorrhage, and difficult delivery are markedly associated with FGM/C, indicating that FGM/C is a factor in their occurrence and significantly increases the risk of delivery complications. There was no significant difference in risk with respect to cesarean section and episiotomy. These results can make up the background documentation for health promotion and health care decisions that inform work to reduce the prevalence of FGM/C and improve the quality of services related to the consequences of FGM/C.