nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Psychologische Interventionen in der Behandlung chronischer Rückenschmerzen

Die Psychoedukation im Sinne eines biopsychosozialen Schmerzmodells zielt auf das Erkennen und Verändern individueller schmerzauslösender und -aufrechterhaltender Faktoren ab. Der Einfluss kognitiver Bewertungen, emotionaler Verarbeitungsprozesse und schmerzbezogener Verhaltensweisen steht dabei im Mittelpunkt. Die Anregung und Anleitung zu einer verbesserten Selbstbeobachtung stellt die Voraussetzung zum Einsatz aktiver Selbstkontrollstrategien und zur Erhöhung der Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung dar. Dazu zählt die Entwicklung und Erarbeitung von Schmerzbewältigungsstrategien wie z. B. Aufmerksamkeitslenkung und Genusstraining. Eine besondere Bedeutung kommt dem Aufbau einer Aktivitätenregulation zur Strukturierung eines angemessenen Verhältnisses von Erholungs- und Anforderungsphasen zu. Interventionsmöglichkeiten stellen hier die Vermittlung von Entspannungstechniken, Problemlösetraining, spezifisches Kompetenztraining sowie Elemente der kognitiven Therapie dar. Der Aufbau alternativer kognitiver und handlungsbezogener Lösungsansätze dient einer verbesserten Bewältigung internaler und externaler Stressoren. Genutzt werden die förderlichen Bedingungen gruppendynamischer Prozesse. Einzeltherapeutische Interventionen dienen der Bearbeitung spezifischer psychischer Komorbiditäten und der individuellen Unterstützung bei der beruflichen und sozialen Wiedereingliederung. Providing the patient with a pain model based on the biopsychosocial approach is one of the most important issues in psychological intervention. Illness behaviour is influenced by pain-eliciting and pain-aggravating thoughts. Identification and modification of these thoughts is essential and aims to change cognitive evaluations, emotional processing, and pain-referred behaviour. Improved self-monitoring concerning maladaptive thoughts, feelings, and behaviour enables functional coping strategies (e.g. attention diversion and learning to enjoy things) and enhances self-efficacy expectancies. Of special importance is the establishment of an appropriate balance between stress and recreation. Intervention options include teaching relaxation techniques, problem-solving strategies, and specific skills as well as applying appropriate elements of cognitive therapy. The development of alternative cognitive and action-based strategies improves the patient’s ability to cope with internal and external stressors. All of the psychological elements are carried out in a group setting. Additionally, individual therapy is offered to treat comorbidities or to support reintegration into the patient’s job.
A long-term outcome study of selective mutism in childhood.

Controlled study of the long-term outcome of selective mutism (SM) in childhood.



A sample of 33 young adults with SM in childhood and two age- and gender-matched comparison groups were studied. The latter comprised 26 young adults with anxiety disorders in childhood (ANX) and 30 young adults with no psychiatric disorders during childhood. The three groups were compared with regard to psychiatric disorder in young adulthood by use of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). In addition, the effect of various predictors on outcome of SM was studied.



The symptoms of SM improved considerably in the entire SM sample. However, both SM and ANX had significantly higher rates for phobic disorder and any psychiatric disorder than controls at outcome. Taciturnity in the family and, by trend, immigrant status and a severity indicator of SM had an impact on psychopathology and symptomatic outcome in young adulthood.



This first controlled long-term outcome study of SM provides evidence of symptomatic improvement of SM in young adulthood. However, a high rate of phobic disorder at outcome points to the fact that SM may be regarded as an anxiety disorder variant.
CBCT-based bone quality assessment: are Hounsfield units applicable?

CBCT is a widely applied imaging modality in dentistry. It enables the visualization of high-contrast structures of the oral region (bone, teeth, air cavities) at a high resolution. CBCT is now commonly used for the assessment of bone quality, primarily for pre-operative implant planning. Traditionally, bone quality parameters and classifications were primarily based on bone density, which could be estimated through the use of Hounsfield units derived from multidetector CT (MDCT) data sets. However, there are crucial differences between MDCT and CBCT, which complicates the use of quantitative gray values (GVs) for the latter. From experimental as well as clinical research, it can be seen that great variability of GVs can exist on CBCT images owing to various reasons that are inherently associated with this technique (i.e. the limited field size, relatively high amount of scattered radiation and limitations of currently applied reconstruction algorithms). Although attempts have been made to correct for GV variability, it can be postulated that the quantitative use of GVs in CBCT should be generally avoided at this time. In addition, recent research and clinical findings have shifted the paradigm of bone quality from a density-based analysis to a structural evaluation of the bone. The ever-improving image quality of CBCT allows it to display trabecular bone patterns, indicating that it may be possible to apply structural analysis methods that are commonly used in micro-CT and histology.
Stereotype threat spillover: how coping with threats to social identity affects aggression, eating, decision making, and attention.

Stereotype threat spillover is a situational predicament in which coping with the stress of stereotype confirmation leaves one in a depleted volitional state and thus less likely to engage in effortful self-control in a variety of domains. We examined this phenomenon in 4 studies in which we had participants cope with stereotype and social identity threat and then measured their performance in domains in which stereotypes were not "in the air." In Study 1 we examined whether taking a threatening math test could lead women to respond aggressively. In Study 2 we investigated whether coping with a threatening math test could lead women to indulge themselves with unhealthy food later on and examined the moderation of this effect by personal characteristics that contribute to identity-threat appraisals. In Study 3 we investigated whether vividly remembering an experience of social identity threat results in risky decision making. Finally, in Study 4 we asked whether coping with threat could directly influence attentional control and whether the effect was implemented by inefficient performance monitoring, as assessed by electroencephalography. Our results indicate that stereotype threat can spill over and impact self-control in a diverse array of nonstereotyped domains. These results reveal the potency of stereotype threat and that its negative consequences might extend further than was previously thought.
The Problem of Trusted Third Party in Authentication and Digital Signature Protocols

Most of the authentication and digital signature protocols assume the existence of a trusted third party either as an authentication server or certification authority. However, such servers and authorities create both security and fault intolerance bottlenecks within the protocols. This problem can be solved by combining a secret sharing scheme with authentication and digital signature protocols. This paper describes the difficulties to combine a secret sharing scheme with the authentication and digital signature protocols and proposes a draft solution.
Python Photogrammetry Toolbox: A free solution for Three-Dimensional Documentation

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.  A free solution for Three-Dimensional Documentation Pierre Moulon, Alessandro Bezzi
Secure Database in Cloud Computing - CryptDB Revisited

Databases contain most valuable personal, economic, and government information. They are most desirable to the malicious adversaries and therefore, it is very critical to protect against all possible adversarial behavior. With the recent rapid growth in the availability and popularity of cloud services, many personal and business and government information are now moving to the Cloud. Therefore, databases are more difficult to protect because of new security and privacy issues. Various techniques have been proposed to solve the outsourcing database scenarios which preserve a certain degree of confidentiality while still allowing to execute some SQL queries efficiently. CryptDB is a new database management system for protecting data confidentiality while preserving confidentiality and performing a standard set of SQL queries in an efficient way. CryptDB seems to be practical compared to other attempts at solving the problem of computing with encrypted data and the database can be fully moved to the Cloud with no security concern because all the data are already encrypted and never revealed to the database administrator. In this paper, CryptDB is revisited from cryptographic point of view. First of all, CryptDB is described in more details for ease of understanding and then the drawbacks of CryptDB are highlighted from security and efficiency points of view. Secure Database, Encrypted Search, Cryptographic Protocol, Proxy Server
Hypermentalizing, attachment, and epistemic trust in adolescent BPD: Clinical illustrations.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been shown to be a valid and reliable diagnosis in adolescents and associated with a decrease in both general and social functioning. With evidence linking BPD in adolescents to poor prognosis, it is important to develop a better understanding of factors and mechanisms contributing to the development of BPD. This could potentially enhance our knowledge and facilitate the design of novel treatment programs and interventions for this group. In this paper, we outline a theoretical model of BPD in adolescents linking the original mentalization-based theory of BPD, with recent extensions of the theory that focuses on hypermentalizing and epistemic trust. We then provide clinical case vignettes to illustrate this extended theoretical model of BPD. Furthermore, we suggest a treatment approach to BPD in adolescents that focuses on the reduction of hypermentalizing and epistemic mistrust. We conclude with an integration of theory and practice in the final section of the paper and make recommendations for future work in this area.
Fault creep along the southern San Andreas from interferometric synthetic aperture radar , permanent scatterers , and stacking

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) provides a practical means of mapping creep along major strike-slip faults. The small amplitude of the creep signal (<10 mm/yr), combined with its short wavelength, makes it difficult to extract from long time span interferograms, especially in agricultural or heavily vegetated areas. We utilize two approaches to extract the fault creep signal from 37 ERS SAR images along the southern San Andreas Fault. First, amplitude stacking is utilized to identify permanent scatterers, which are then used to weight the interferogram prior to spatial filtering. This weighting improves correlation and also provides a mask for poorly correlated areas. Second, the unwrapped phase is stacked to reduce tropospheric and other short-wavelength noise. This combined processing enables us to recover the near-field ( 200 m) slip signal across the fault due to shallow creep. Displacement maps from 60 interferograms reveal a diffuse secular strain buildup, punctuated by localized interseismic creep of 4–6 mm/yr line of sight (LOS, 12–18 mm/yr horizontal). With the exception of Durmid Hill, this entire segment of the southern San Andreas experienced right-lateral triggered slip of up to 10 cm during the 3.5-year period spanning the 1992 Landers earthquake. The deformation change following the 1999 Hector Mine earthquake was much smaller (<1 cm) and broader than for the Landers event. Profiles across the fault during the interseismic phase show peak-to-trough amplitude ranging from 15 to 25 mm/yr (horizontal component) and the minimum misfit models show a range of creeping/locking depth values that fit the data.
Detecting Passive Cheats in Online Games via Performance-Skillfulness Inconsistency

As the most commonly used bots in first-person shooter (FPS) online games, aimbots are notoriously difficult to detect because they are completely passive and resemble excellent honest players in many aspects. In this paper, we conduct the first field measurement study to understand the status quo of aimbots and how they play in the wild. For data collection purpose, we devise a novel and generic technique called baittarget to accurately capture existing aimbots from the two most popular FPS games. Our measurement reveals that cheaters who use aimbots cannot play as skillful as excellent honest players in all aspects even though aimbots can help them to achieve very high shooting performance. To characterize the unskillful and blatant nature of cheaters, we identify seven features, of which six are novel, and these features cannot be easily mimicked by aimbots. Leveraging this set of features, we propose an accurate and robust server-side aimbot detector called AimDetect. The core of AimDetect is a cascaded classifier that detects the inconsistency between performance and skillfulness of aimbots. We evaluate the efficacy and generality of AimDetect using the real game traces. Our results show that AimDetect can capture almost all of the aimbots with very few false positives and minor overhead.
Bier spots: a benign vascular anomaly.

He A, Kwatra SG, Kim N, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year]  A 26-year-old woman with a reported history of tinea versicolour presented for persistent hypopigmentation on her bilateral forearms. Detailed examination revealed multiple small (5–10 mm), irregularly shaped white macules on the extensor surfaces of the bilateral forearms overlying slightly erythaematous skin. The surrounding erythaematous skin blanched with pressure and with elevation of the upper extremities the white macules were no longer visible (figures 1 and 2). A clinical diagnosis of Bier spots was made based on the patient’s characteristic clinical features. Bier spots are completely asymptomatic and are often found on the extensor surfaces of the upper and lower extremities, although they are sometimes generalised. They are a benign physiological vascular anomaly, arising either from cutaneous vessels responding to venous hypertension or from small vessel vasoconstriction leading to tissue hypoxia. 3 Our patient had neither personal nor family history of vascular disease. Bier spots are easily diagnosed by a classic sign on physical examination: the pale macules disappear with pressure applied on the surrounding skin or by elevating the affected limbs (figure 2). However, Bier spots can be easily confused with a variety of other disorders associated with hypopigmented macules. The differential diagnosis includes vitiligo, postinflammatory hypopigmentation and tinea versicolour, which was a prior diagnosis in this case. Bier spots are often idiopathic and regress spontaneously, although there are reports of Bier spots heralding systemic diseases, such as scleroderma renal crisis, mixed cryoglobulinaemia or lymphoma. Since most Bier spots are idiopathic and transient, no treatment is required.
Generalized Grounding Graphs: A Probabilistic Framework for Understanding Grounded Commands

Many task domains require robots to interpret and act upon natural language commands which are given by people and which refer to the robot’s physical surroundings. Such interpretation is known variously as the symbol grounding problem (Harnad, 1990), grounded semantics (Feldman et al., 1996) and grounded language acquisition (Nenov and Dyer, 1993, 1994). This problem is challenging because people employ diverse vocabulary and grammar, and because robots have substantial uncertainty about the nature and contents of their surroundings, making it difficult to associate the constitutive language elements (principally noun phrases and spatial relations) of the command text to elements of those surroundings. Symbolic models capture linguistic structure but have not scaled successfully to handle the diverse language produced by untrained users. Existing statistical approaches can better handle diversity, but have not to date modeled complex linguistic structure, limiting achievable accuracy. Recent hybrid approaches have addressed limitations in scaling and complexity, but have not effectively associated linguistic and perceptual features. Our framework, called Generalized Grounding Graphs (G), addresses these issues by defining a probabilistic graphical model dynamically according to the linguistic parse structure of a natural language command. This approach scales effectively, handles linguistic diversity, and enables the system to associate parts of a command with the specific objects, places, and events in the external world to which they refer. We show that robots can learn word meanings and use those learned meanings to robustly follow natural language commands produced by untrained users. We demonstrate our approach for both mobility commands (e.g. route directions like “Go down the hallway through the door”) and mobile manipulation commands (e.g. physical directives like “Pick up the pallet on the truck”) involving a variety of semi-autonomous robotic platforms, including a wheelchair, a microair vehicle, a forklift, and the Willow Garage PR2. The first two authors contributed equally to this paper. 1 ar X iv :1 71 2. 01 09 7v 1 [ cs .C L ] 2 9 N ov 2 01 7
OMCSNet: A Commonsense Inference Toolkit

Large, easy-to-use semantic networks of symbolic linguistic knowledge such as WordNet and MindNet have become staple resources for semantic analysis tasks from query expansion to word-sense disambiguation. However, the knowledge captured by these resources is limited to formal taxonomic relations between or dictionary definitions of lexical items. While such knowledge is sufficient for some NLP tasks, we believe that broader opportunities are afforded by databases containing more diverse kinds of world knowledge, including substantial knowledge about compound concepts like activities (e.g. “washing hair”), accompanied by a richer set of temporal, spatial, functional, and social relations between concepts. Based on this premise, we introduce OMCSNet, a freely available, large semantic network of commonsense knowledge. Built from the Open Mind Common Sense corpus, which acquires world knowledge from a webbased community of instructors, OMCSNet is presently a semantic network of 280,000 items of common-sense knowledge, and a set of tools for making inferences using this knowledge. In this paper, we describe OMCSNet, evaluate it in the context of other semantic knowledge bases, and review how OMCSNet has been used to enable and improve various NLP tasks.
Novel differential drive steering system with energy saving and normal tire using spur gear for an omni-directional mobile robot

Holonomic omnidirectional mobile robots are useful because of their high level of mobility in narrow or crowded areas, and omnidirectional robots equipped with normal tires are desired for their ability to surmount difference in level as well as their vibration suppression and ride comfort. A caster-drive mechanism using normal tires has been developed to realize a holonomic omnidiredctional robot, but some problems has remain. Here we describe effective systems to control the caster-drive wheels of an omnidirectional mobile robot. We propose a Differential-Drive Steering System (DDSS) using differential gearing to improve the operation ratio of motors. The DDSS generates driving and steering torque effectively from two motors. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed system is effective for holonomic omnidirectional mobile robots.
Voice and Touch Screen Based Direction and Speed Control of Wheel Chair for Physically Challenged Using Arduino

This paper is to describe an intelligent motorized wheel chair for handicapped person using voice and touch screen technology. It enables a disabled person to move around independently using a touch screen and a voice recognition application which is interfaced with motors through microcontroller. When we want to change the direction, the touch screen sensor is modeled to direct the user to required destination using direction keys on the screen and that values are given to microcontroller. Depending on the direction selected on the touch screen, microcontroller controls the wheel chair directions. This can also be controlled through simple voice commands using voice controller. The speech recognition system is easy to use programmable speech recognition circuit that is the system to be trained the words (or vocal utterances) the user wants the circuit to recognize. The speed controller works by varying the average voltage sent to the motor. This is done by switching the motors supply on and off very quickly using PWM technique. The methodology adopted is based on grouping a microcontroller with a speech recognition system and touch screen.  Speech recognition system, Touch Screen sensor,
Effects of high-protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss: a randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of varying levels of dietary protein on body composition and muscle protein synthesis during energy deficit (ED). A randomized controlled trial of 39 adults assigned the subjects diets providing protein at 0.8 (recommended dietary allowance; RDA), 1.6 (2×-RDA), and 2.4 (3×-RDA) g kg(-1) d(-1) for 31 d. A 10-d weight-maintenance (WM) period was followed by a 21 d, 40% ED. Body composition and postabsorptive and postprandial muscle protein synthesis were assessed during WM (d 9-10) and ED (d 30-31). Volunteers lost (P<0.05) 3.2 ± 0.2 kg body weight during ED regardless of dietary protein. The proportion of weight loss due to reductions in fat-free mass was lower (P<0.05) and the loss of fat mass was higher (P<0.05) in those receiving 2×-RDA and 3×-RDA compared to RDA. The anabolic muscle response to a protein-rich meal during ED was not different (P>0.05) from WM for 2×-RDA and 3×-RDA, but was lower during ED than WM for those consuming RDA levels of protein (energy × protein interaction, P<0.05). To assess muscle protein metabolic responses to varied protein intakes during ED, RDA served as the study control. In summary, we determined that consuming dietary protein at levels exceeding the RDA may protect fat-free mass during short-term weight loss.