nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy Management Fuzzy Logic Supervisory for Electric Vehicle Power Supplies System

This paper introduces an energy management strategy based on fuzzy logic supervisory for road electric vehicle, combining a fuel cell power source and two energy storage devices, i.e., batteries and ultracapacitors. The control strategy is designed to achieve the high-efficiency operation region of the individual power source and to regulate current and voltage at peak and average power demand, without compromising the performance and efficiency of the overall system. A multiple-input power electronic converter makes the interface among generator, energy storage devices, and the voltage dc-link bus. Classical regulators implement the control loops of each input of the converter. The supervisory system coordinates the power flows among the power sources and the load. The paper is mainly focused on the fuzzy logic supervisory for energy management of a specific power electronic converter control algorithm. Nevertheless, the proposed system can be easily adapted to other converters arrangements or to distributed generation applications. Simulation and experimental results on a 3-kW prototype prove that the fuzzy logic is a suitable energy management control strategy.
A High Performance Packet Core for Next Generation Cellular Networks

Cellular traffic continues to grow rapidly making the scalability of the cellular infrastructure a critical issue. However, there is mounting evidence that the current Evolved Packet Core (EPC) is ill-suited to meet these scaling demands: EPC solutions based on specialized appliances are expensive to scale and recent software EPCs perform poorly, particularly with increasing numbers of devices or signaling traffic.
 In this paper, we design and evaluate a new system architecture for a software EPC that achieves high and scalable performance. We postulate that the poor scaling of existing EPC systems stems from the manner in which the system is decomposed which leads to device state being duplicated across multiple components which in turn results in frequent interactions between the different components. We propose an alternate approach in which state for a single device is consolidated in one location and EPC functions are (re)organized for efficient access to this consolidated state. In effect, our design "slices" the EPC by user.
 We prototype and evaluate PEPC, a software EPC that implements the key components of our design. We show that PEPC achieves 3-7x higher throughput than comparable software EPCs that have been implemented in industry and over 10x higher throughput than a popular open-source implementation (OpenAirInterface). Compared to the industrial EPC implementations, PEPC sustains high data throughput for 10-100x more users devices per core, and a 10x higher ratio of signaling-to-data traffic. In addition to high performance, PEPC's by-user organization enables efficient state migration and customization of processing pipelines. We implement user migration in PEPC and show that state can be migrated with little disruption, e.g., migration adds only up to 4μs of latency to median per packet latencies.
Anisotropic Ambient Volume Shading

We present a novel method to compute anisotropic shading for direct volume rendering to improve the perception of the orientation and shape of surface-like structures. We determine the scale-aware anisotropy of a shading point by analyzing its ambient region. We sample adjacent points with similar scalar values to perform a principal component analysis by computing the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the covariance matrix. In particular, we estimate the tangent directions, which serve as the tangent frame for anisotropic bidirectional reflectance distribution functions. Moreover, we exploit the ratio of the eigenvalues to measure the magnitude of the anisotropy at each shading point. Altogether, this allows us to model a data-driven, smooth transition from isotropic to strongly anisotropic volume shading. In this way, the shape of volumetric features can be enhanced significantly by aligning specular highlights along the principal direction of anisotropy. Our algorithm is independent of the transfer function, which allows us to compute all shading parameters once and store them with the data set. We integrated our method in a GPU-based volume renderer, which offers interactive control of the transfer function, light source positions, and viewpoint. Our results demonstrate the benefit of anisotropic shading for visualization to achieve data-driven local illumination for improved perception compared to isotropic shading.
The roles of basic psychological needs, self-compassion, and self-efficacy in the development of mastery goals among medical students.

Competency-based medical education aims to foster mastery goals in learners. We examined medical students' mastery approach (beneficial) and mastery avoidance (maladaptive) goals and their associations with students' basic psychological needs, self-compassion, and self-efficacy.



This was a cross-sectional study employing an online questionnaire. Two hundred medical students in all four years of the medical program completed the questionnaire, containing measures of mastery goals, basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness), self-compassion, and self-efficacy. Regression analyses were performed.



Of the three basic psychological needs, the need for competence was significant in explaining both types of mastery goals. Self-efficacy and self-compassion were significant in explaining mastery approach and mastery avoidance goals, respectively.



Creating learning environments that are supportive of students' need for competence, raising students' awareness of the value of learning from mistakes in competency acquisition, and providing opportunities for students to experience self-efficacy may foster beneficial mastery approach goals in medical students.
Effects of dance on movement control in Parkinson's disease: a comparison of Argentine tango and American ballroom.

The basal ganglia may be selectively activated during rhythmic, metered movement such as tango dancing, which may improve motor control in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Other partner dances may be more suitable and preferable for those with Parkinson's disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of tango, waltz/foxtrot and no intervention on functional motor control in individuals with Parkinson's disease.



This study employed a randomized, between- notsubject, prospective, repeated measures design.



Fifty-eight people with mild-moderate Parkinson's disease participated.



Participants were randomly assigned to tango, waltz/foxtrot or no intervention (control) groups. Those in the dance groups attended 1-h classes twice a week, completing 20 lessons in 13 weeks. Balance, functional mobility, forward and backward walking were evaluated before and after the intervention.



Both dance groups improved more than the control group, which did not improve. The tango and waltz/foxtrot groups improved significantly on the Berg Balance Scale, 6-minute walk distance, and backward stride length. The tango group improved as much or more than those in the waltz/foxtrot group on several measures.



Tango may target deficits associated with Parkinson's disease more than waltz/foxtrot, but both dances may benefit balance and locomotion.
Marginal improvement of AUFLS using ROCOF

This paper proposes a scheme that integrates rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) and under frequency (UF) elements to design more effective load shedding response. A new load block activation algorithm is also introduced that improves the overall load shedding (LS) performance. The combination of ROCOF and UF criteria is used to overcome the LS block discrimination problem and to provide a flexible and decentralised solution to mitigation. The proposed method is verified through simulations on the IEEE 39-bus test system.
Challenges for Frequency-Reconfigurable Antennas in Small Terminals

This paper gives an overview of the techniques published over the past years to address continuous frequency tuning. It presents the challenges that have been encountered and relates to each other the parameters that influence the losses of the resulting antenna structure. A mock-up is made with a PIFA and a packaged RF-MEMS tunable capacitor to measure its efficiency as the resonance is tuned towards the LTE-700 band.
Daemo: A Self-Governed Crowdsourcing Marketplace

Crowdsourcing marketplaces provide opportunities for autonomous and collaborative professional work as well as social engagement. However, in these marketplaces, workers feel disrespected due to unreasonable rejections and low payments, whereas requesters do not trust the results they receive. The lack of trust and uneven distribution of power among workers and requesters have raised serious concerns about sustainability of these marketplaces. To address the challenges of trust and power, this paper introduces Daemo, a self-governed crowdsourcing marketplace. We propose a prototype task to improve the work quality and open-governance model to achieve equitable representation. We envisage Daemo will enable workers to build sustainable careers and provide requesters with timely, quality labor for their businesses.
Design and Implementation of Phalanges Based on Iteration of a Prosthesis

In this work an electromechanical hand is implemented based on the study and implementation of the phalanges of the five fingers of the hand, a control system based on a microcontroller was implemented that takes as feedback signals coming from flexosensors and strain gauges. The movement of the fingers was made based on myoelectric signals in real time, these signals were acquired through an innovative method of acquisition based on patterns. The tests performed were measurements with extended hand, closed hand and pressing an object that validates the present proposal.
HERZBERG ' S MOTIVATION-HYGIENE THEORY AND JOB SATISFACTION IN THE MALAYSIAN RETAIL SECTOR : THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF LOVE OF MONEY

This paper examines what motivates employees in the retail industry, and examines their level of job satisfaction, using Herzberg's hygiene factors and motivators. In this study, convenience sampling was used to select sales personnel from women's clothing stores in Bandar Sunway shopping mall in the state of Selangor. The results show that hygiene factors were the dominant motivators of sales personnel job satisfaction. Working conditions were the most significant in motivating sales personnel. Recognition was second, followed by company policy and salary. There is a need to delve more deeply into why salespeople place such a high importance on money. Further analysis was performed to assess how much the love of money mediates the relationship between salary and job satisfaction. Based on the general test for mediation, the love of money could explain the relationship between salary and job satisfaction. The main implication of this study is that sales personnel who value money highly are satisfied with their salary and job when they receive a raise.
Semantic segmentation of urban scenes with enhanced spatial contexts

This paper proposes a method to solve the image segmentation problem effectively by applying local spatial relations. The proposed method is based on the conjecture that spatially neighboring objects have a higher probability of relating each other than nonadjacent objects. Using depth information from 3D lidar, spatial contextual information between image segments is obtained. This information is modeled in the framework of Conditional Random Field to penalize distant objects that are likely to have no particular relation between them. The proposed method is evaluated on the publicly available image dataset, and it shows better global and class classification rates compared to the previous state-of-the-art work.
Coalition Structure Generation: Dynamic Programming Meets Anytime Optimization

Coalition structure generation involves partitioning a set of agents into exhaustive and disjoint coalitions so as to maximize the social welfare. What makes this such a challenging problem is that the number of possible solutions grows exponentially as the number of agents increases. To date, two main approaches have been developed to solve this problem, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The state of the art in the first approach is the Improved Dynamic Programming (IDP) algorithm, due to Rahwan and Jennings, that is guaranteed to find an optimal solution in O(3), but which cannot generate a solution until it has completed its entire execution. The state of the art in the second approach is an anytime algorithm called IP, due to Rahwan et al., that provides worst-case guarantees on the quality of the best solution found so far, but which is O(n). In this paper, we develop a novel algorithm that combines both IDP and IP, resulting in a hybrid performance that exploits the strength of both algorithms and, at the same, avoids their main weaknesses. Our approach is also significantly faster (e.g. given 25 agents, it takes only 28% of the time required by IP, and 0.3% of the time required by IDP).
The Alternate Arm Converter: A New Hybrid Multilevel Converter With DC-Fault Blocking Capability

This paper explains the working principles, supported by simulation results, of a new converter topology intended for HVDC applications, called the alternate arm converter (AAC). It is a hybrid between the modular multilevel converter, because of the presence of H-bridge cells, and the two-level converter, in the form of director switches in each arm. This converter is able to generate a multilevel ac voltage and since its stacks of cells consist of H-bridge cells instead of half-bridge cells, they are able to generate higher ac voltage than the dc terminal voltage. This allows the AAC to operate at an optimal point, called the “sweet spot,” where the ac and dc energy flows equal. The director switches in the AAC are responsible for alternating the conduction period of each arm, leading to a significant reduction in the number of cells in the stacks. Furthermore, the AAC can keep control of the current in the phase reactor even in case of a dc-side fault and support the ac grid, through a STATCOM mode. Simulation results and loss calculations are presented in this paper in order to support the claimed features of the AAC.
Change-Impact Analysis of Firewall Policies

Firewalls are the mainstay of enterprise security and the most widely adopted technology for protecting private networks. The quality of protection provided by a firewall directly depends on the quality of its policy (i.e., configuration). Due to the lack of tools for analyzing firewall policies, most firewalls on the Internet have been plagued with policy errors. A firewall policy error either creates security holes that will allow malicious traffic to sneak into a private network or blocks legitimate traffic and disrupts normal business processes, which in turn could lead to irreparable, if not tragic, consequences. A major source of policy errors stem from policy changes. Firewall policies often need to be changed as networks evolve and new threats emerge. In this paper, we first present the theory and algorithms for firewall policy change-impact analysis. Our algorithms take as input a firewall policy and a proposed change, then output the accurate impact of the change. Thus, a firewall administrator can verify a proposed change before committing it.
Neural Networks and Graph Algorithms with Next-Generation Processors

The use of graphical processors for distributed computation revolutionized the field of high performance scientific computing. As the Moore's Law era of computing draws to a close, the development of non-Von Neumann systems: neuromorphic processing units, and quantum annealers; again are redefining new territory for computational methods. While these technologies are still in their nascent stages, we discuss their potential to advance computing in two domains: machine learning, and solving constraint satisfaction problems. Each of these processors utilize fundamentally different theoretical models of computation. This raises questions about how to best use them in the design and implementation of applications. While many processors are being developed with a specific domain target, the ubiquity of spin-glass models and neural networks provides an avenue for multi-functional applications. This provides hints at the future infrastructure needed to integrate many next-generation processing units into conventional high-performance computing systems.
Perceived Interactivity: Exploring Factors Affecting Micro-Blogging Service Satisfaction and Continuance Intention

This research-in-process study aimed to explore the factors affecting users’ satisfaction and continuance intention of micro-blogging service. Based upon summarization of the features of microblogging service and literature review on interactivity, we proposed the conceptual research model. This study proposed that user satisfaction toward micro-blogging service was positively affected by perceived interactivity, which contained five dimensions: interoperability and ease of use in terms of user-system interaction characteristic, telepresence, intimacy and enjoyment in terms of user-user interaction characteristics. Users’ satisfaction and personal innovativeness further positively related to continuance intention of micro-blogging service, which was negatively affected by users’ privacy concern. The study then described the selection of scales used to measure these variables and the pilot study to ensure the reliability and validity of the final scale. Though pilot study results implied that most constructs retained high internal consistency, more revisions should be done to the final questionnaire. The expected contributions of this study were discussed at the end of the study.
Influence of spacer aperture size on PD-induced electromagnetic wave measured with UHF external sensor in 66 kV GIS model

Partial discharge detection in ultra high frequency band (300 MHz to several GHz) is one of the effective methods for diagnosing the insulation condition of a gas insulated switchgear. This method which detect electromagnetic wave with high S/N ratio has been rapidly developed in recent years. We need to install an internal sensor or an external sensor on GIS tank in order to detect partial discharge (PD) signals. External sensor is used to detect leaked EM wave signals from insulation spacer of GIS tank. In this paper, we conduct experiment in 66 kV GIS model with metal flange type (MT) spacer and leaked EM wave will be investigated using spiral type antenna. External sensor without any filter and amplifier will be used for our experimental work. We arrange the size of metallic aperture for external sensor from small aperture size of 25 × 15 mm to the maximum 65 × 15 mm. We took data using an oscilloscope and a spectrum analyzer. The experimental result suggested that EM wave magnitude emitted to the aperture window sensor increased from the aperture size of 30 × 15 mm to the maximum (means without the aperture). It is concluded from the frequency response analysis that the dominant frequency of small aperture tends to be higher than the one of larger aperture. The highest dominant frequency is achieved with the smallest aperture 25 × 15 mm.
FoxO3 controls autophagy in skeletal muscle in vivo.

Autophagy allows cell survival during starvation through the bulk degradation of proteins and organelles by lysosomal enzymes. However, the mechanisms responsible for the induction and regulation of the autophagy program are poorly understood. Here we show that the FoxO3 transcription factor, which plays a critical role in muscle atrophy, is necessary and sufficient for the induction of autophagy in skeletal muscle in vivo. Akt/PKB activation blocks FoxO3 activation and autophagy, and this effect is not prevented by rapamycin. FoxO3 controls the transcription of autophagy-related genes, including LC3 and Bnip3, and Bnip3 appears to mediate the effect of FoxO3 on autophagy. This effect is not prevented by proteasome inhibitors. Thus, FoxO3 controls the two major systems of protein breakdown in skeletal muscle, the ubiquitin-proteasomal and autophagic/lysosomal pathways, independently. These findings point to FoxO3 and Bnip3 as potential therapeutic targets in muscle wasting disorders and other degenerative and neoplastic diseases in which autophagy is involved.
Problems of Reliability and Validity in Ethnographic Research

Although problems of reliability and validity have been explored thoroughly by experimenters and other quantitative researchers, their treatment by ethnographers has been sporadic and haphazard This article analyzes these constructs as defined and addressed by ethnographers. Issues of reliability and validity in ethnographic design are compared to their counterparts in experimental design. Threats to the credibility of ethnographic research are summarized and categorized from field study methodology. Strategies intended to enhance credibility are incorporated throughout the investigative process: study design, data collection, data analysis, and presentation of findings. Common approaches to resolving various categories of contamination are illustrated from the current literature in educational ethnography.
Investigating the learning-theory foundations of game-based learning: a meta-analysis

Past studies on the issue of learning-theory foundations in game-based learning stressed the importance of establishing learning-theory foundation and provided an exploratory examination of established learning theories. However, we found research seldom addressed the development of the use or failure to use learning-theory foundations and categorized these learning theories into relative types and synthesized their development. We investigate this issue from the perspective of learning theories invoked to underpin educational computer game design and use based on the four types of learning theories: behaviourism, cognitivism, humanism and constructivism. Because the investigation needs to examine and analyse the results from a large number of independent previous studies, this study applied the meta-analysis method to present a more comprehensive description and discussion of the influence and implications of the findings. This study shows the distribution of development trends for the use of learning theory as a theoretical foundation, as opposed to those that fail to use learning theory in gamebased learning, along with the distribution of types and principles of learning theories that used a learning-theory foundation. These new findings can supplement the results of previous studies with regard to the issue of learning-theory foundations in game-based learning. The contributions of this study for the issue of learning-theory foundations in game-based learning are discussed.