nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
On Teams, Teamwork, and Team Performance: Discoveries and Developments

We highlight some of the key discoveries and developments in the area of team performance over the past 50 years, especially as reflected in the pages of Human Factors.



Teams increasingly have become a way of life in many organizations, and research has kept up with the pace.



We have characterized progress in the field in terms of eight discoveries and five challenges.



Discoveries pertain to the importance of shared cognition, the measurement of shared cognition, advances in team training, the use of synthetic task environments for research, factors influencing team effectiveness, models of team effectiveness, a multidisciplinary perspective, and training and technological interventions designed to improve team effectiveness. Challenges that are faced in the coming decades include an increased emphasis on team cognition; reconfigurable, adaptive teams; multicultural influences; and the need for naturalistic study and better measurement.



Work in human factors has contributed significantly to the science and practice of teams, teamwork, and team performance. Future work must keep pace with the increasing use of teams in organizations.



The science of teams contributes to team effectiveness in the same way that the science of individual performance contributes to individual effectiveness.
Near-and F arfield T sunami H azard from the P otential Fl ank C ollapse of the Cumbre Vieja Volcano

As demonstrated in the pioneering (but still controversial) work by Ward and Day (2001), the potential flank collapse of the Cumbre Vieja Volcano (CVV) on La Palma (Canary Islands) could result in a large tsunami having effects throughout the North Atlantic Ocean. While recent studies have suggested that such a collapse would likely result in more moderate tsunami waves than originally thought, these would still cause devastating effects in the near-field on neighboring Canary Islands, and their far-field coastal hazard would still be significant at some locations, and hence ought to be assessed. Abadie et al. (2011) simulated landslide tsunami generation from various CVV flank collapse scenarios, using a 3D Navier-Stokes (NS) multi-fluid VOF model (THETIS) with implicit slide motion. As 3D-NS computations are both too computationally demanding and affected by numerical diffusion, they computed near-field impact in a coupled long-wave Boussinesq model (FUNWAVE-TVD). Here, for a similar series of CVV flank collapse scenarios (with 20, 40, 80, and 450 km3 volume), we further simulate and analyze the nearfield tsunami impact, and compute far-field propagation and coastal impact at distant locations (such as North America, western Europe and west Africa). A similar one-way model coupling approach is used between THETIS and a Cartesian, fully nonlinear version of FUNWAVETVD to compute near-field effects in a fine regional grid (about 15” arc mesh). Results in the latter grid are then used to initialize an ocean basin-scale grid (2’ arc mesh) and compute far-field tsunami propagation, using a weakly nonlinear spherical coordinate version of FUNWAVETVD. Coastal impact is finally computed in selected locations using more finely resolved nested coastal grids (30” arc mesh). Results are analyzed in terms of wave/tsunami source characteristics, propagation features, and maximum wave elevation off distant coasts. For the most impacted coastal areas, further simulations will be performed in even finer nested grids, to compute inundation and runup. These results will be presented at the conference.
Assessing Diabetes Self-Management with the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) Can Help Analyse Behavioural Problems Related to Reduced Glycaemic Control.

To appraise the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ)'s measurement of diabetes self-management as a statistical predictor of glycaemic control relative to the widely used SDSCA.



248 patients with type 1 diabetes and 182 patients with type 2 diabetes were cross-sectionally assessed using the two self-report measures of diabetes self-management DSMQ and SDSCA; the scales were used as competing predictors of HbA1c. We developed a structural equation model of self-management as measured by the DSMQ and analysed the amount of variation explained in HbA1c; an analogue model was developed for the SDSCA.



The structural equation models of self-management and glycaemic control showed very good fit to the data. The DSMQ's measurement of self-management showed associations with HbA1c of -0.53 for type 1 and -0.46 for type 2 diabetes (both P < 0.001), explaining 21% and 28% of variation in glycaemic control, respectively. The SDSCA's measurement showed associations with HbA1c of -0.14 (P = 0.030) for type 1 and -0.31 (P = 0.003) for type 2 diabetes, explaining 2% and 10% of glycaemic variation. Predictive power for glycaemic control was significantly higher for the DSMQ (P < 0.001).



This study supports the DSMQ as the preferred tool when analysing self-reported behavioural problems related to reduced glycaemic control. The scale may be useful for clinical assessments of patients with suboptimal diabetes outcomes or research on factors affecting associations between self-management behaviours and glycaemic control.
A multidimensional typology of games

This paper builds on a general typology of textual communication (Aarseth 1997) and tries to establish a model for classifying the genre of “games in virtual environments”— that is, games that take place in some kind of simulated world, as opposed to purely abstract games like poker or blackjack. The aim of the model is to identify the main differences between games in a rigorous, analytical way, in order to come up with genres that are more specific and less ad hoc than those used by the industry and the popular gaming press. The model consists of a number of basic “dimensions”, such as Space, Perspective, Time, Teleology, etc, each of which has several variate values, (e.g. Teleology: finite (Half-Life) or infinite (EverQuest. Ideally, the multivariate model can be used to predict games that do not yet exist, but could be invented by combining the existing elements in new ways.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extracts of Ananas comosus

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost effective and environmental friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. Plant mediated synthesis of nanoparticles is a green chemistry approach that intercomnects nanotechnology and plant biotechnology. In the present study, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) or (Green-Silver) has been demonstrated using extracts of Ananas comosus reducing aqueous silver nitrate. The AgNPs were characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-vis) Spectrometer, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), Selected Area Diffraction Pattern (SAED) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). TEM micrographs showed spherical particles with an average size of 12 nm. The XRD pattern showed the characteristic Bragg peaks of (111), (200), (220) and (311) facets of the face center cubic (fcc) silver nanoparticles and confirmed that these nanoparticles are crystalline in nature. The different types of antioxidants presented in the pineapple juice synergistically reduce the Ag metal ions, as each antioxidant is unique in terms of its structure and antioxidant function. The reaction process was simple for formation of silver nanoparticles and AgNPs presented in the aqueous medium were quite stable, even up to 4 months of incubation. This work proved the capability of using biomaterial towards the synthesis of silver nanoparticle, by adopting the principles of green chemistry.
KINESTHETIC FORCE / MOMENT FEEDBACK VIA ACTIVE EXOSKELETON

Theoretical control algorithms are developed and an experimental system is described for 6-dof kinesthetic force/moment feedback to a human operator from a remote system. The remote system is a common six-axis slave manipulator with a force/torque sensor, while the haptic interface is a unique, cable-driven, seven-axis, force/moment-reflecting exoskeleton. The exoskeleton is used for input when motion commands are sent to the robot and for output when force/moment wrenches of contact are reflected to the human operator. This system exists at Wright-Patterson AFB. The same techniques are applicable to a virtual environment with physics models and general haptic interfaces.
Surgical anatomy of the face: implications for modern face-lift techniques.

To delineate the anatomic architecture of the melolabial fold with surrounding structures and to elucidate potential implications for face-lift techniques.



A total of 100 facial halves (from 50 cadaveric heads) were studied, including gross and microscopic dissection and histologic findings. Laboratory findings were correlated with intraoperative findings in more than 150 deep-plane face-lift dissections (300 facial halves) performed during the study period.



In contrast to previous reports, the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) was not found to form an investing layer in the midface. The SMAS, zygomatici muscles, and levator labii superioris alaeque nasi were found to be located in corresponding anatomic layers and to form a functional unit. Additional findings of the present study include the description of 3 structurally different portions of the melolabial fold, of an anatomic space below the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (sublevator space), and of extensions of the buccal fat pad into the sublevator space and the middle third of the melolabial fold.



The findings of the present study may contribute to augment our understanding of the complex anatomy of the midface and melolabial fold. Potential implications for modern face-lift techniques are discussed.
Vestibular papillomatosis: case report and literature review.

Sir, The origin of vestibular papillomatosis (VP) is controversial. VP describes the condition of multiple papillae that may cover the entire surface of the vestibule (1). Our literature search for vestibular papillomatosis revealed 13 reports in gynaecological journals and only one in a dermatological journal. Furthermore, searching for vulvar squamous papillomatosis revealed 6 reports in gynaecological journals and again only one in a dermatological journal. We therefore conclude that it is worthwhile drawing the attention of dermatologists to this entity.
Sevelamer versus calcium carbonate in incident hemodialysis patients: results of an open-label 24-month randomized clinical trial.

Whether the use of sevelamer rather than a calcium-containing phosphate binder improves cardiovascular (CV) survival in patients receiving dialysis remains to be elucidated.



Open-label randomized controlled trial with parallel groups.



466 incident hemodialysis patients recruited from 18 centers in Italy.



Study participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 fashion to receive either sevelamer or a calcium-containing phosphate binder (although not required by the protocol, all patients in this group received calcium carbonate) for 24 months.



All individuals were followed up until completion of 36 months of follow-up or censoring. CV death due to cardiac arrhythmias was regarded as the primary end point.



Blind event adjudication.



At baseline, patients allocated to sevelamer had higher serum phosphorus (mean, 5.6 ± 1.7 [SD] vs 4.8 ± 1.4 mg/dL) and C-reactive protein levels (mean, 8.8 ± 13.4 vs 5.9 ± 6.8 mg/dL) and lower coronary artery calcification scores (median, 19 [IQR, 0-30] vs 30 [IQR, 7-180]). At study completion, serum phosphate levels were lower in the sevelamer arm (median dosages, 4,800 and 2,000 mg/d for sevelamer and calcium carbonate, respectively). After a mean follow-up of 28 ± 10 months, 128 deaths were recorded (29 and 88 due to cardiac arrhythmias and all-cause CV death). Sevelamer-treated patients experienced lower CV mortality due to cardiac arrhythmias compared with patients treated with calcium carbonate (HR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.25; P < 0.001). Similar results were noted for all-cause CV mortality and all-cause mortality, but not for non-CV mortality. Adjustments for potential confounders did not affect results.



Open-label design, higher baseline coronary artery calcification burden in calcium carbonate-treated patients, different mineral metabolism control in sevelamer-treated patients, overall lower than expected mortality.



These results show that sevelamer compared to a calcium-containing phosphate binder improves survival in a cohort of incident hemodialysis patients. However, the better outcomes in the sevelamer group may be due to better phosphate control rather than reduction in calcium load.
Optimizing the hot carrier reliability of N-LDMOS transistor arrays

Smart power management applications often require operation in the 20–30 V range. These applications combine a high performance BiCMOS process with a power lateral DMOS (LDMOS) driver. To obtain high drive current density and minimal on-resistance (Rdson), LDMOS devices are implemented in transistor arrays. Because of the high voltages and currents applied to these devices hot carrier degradation is a real reliability concern. This paper discusses several aspects of N-LDMOS hot carrier reliability including measurement techniques, degradation mechanism, and the effect of both one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) layout effects on the hot carrier degradation behavior of these devices. This paper focuses on device layout optimization rather than process changes since layout optimization has the advantage of improving performance without impacting other supported devices.
Non-bianisotropic split ring resonator based CPW-fed dual band antenna

A compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed dual band antenna is designed by metamaterial inspired Split ring resonator. The radiating element Hexagonal Closed Ring Resonator (Hex-CRR) and a Non Bianisotropic split-ring resonator (NB-SRR) are connected together. The overall antenna dimension is 31.7 × 25 × 1.6 mm3. The prototype antenna covers bandwidth of 36 MHz (2.677-2.713 GHz) and 2057 MHz (5.513-7.57 GHz) with center frequency of 2.7 GHz and 6 GHz, respectively. In order to improve the impedance matching of the antenna, CPW-fed line with tapered impedance transformer line and sunk in the ground plane are introduced. Hex-CRR is used to create a lower frequency band and NB-SRR offers higher frequency band. To miniaturize the size of the antenna, inner NB-SRR dimensions are taken as smaller than the resonant wavelength. The prototype antenna has consistent Omnidirectional (H-Plane) radiation pattern, and dipole (E-Plane) radiation pattern of both resonant frequencies.
The Hill-Sachs lesion: diagnosis, classification, and management.

The Hill-Sachs lesion is an osseous defect of the humeral head that is typically associated with anterior shoulder instability. The incidence of these lesions in the setting of glenohumeral instability is relatively high and approaches 100% in persons with recurrent anterior shoulder instability.  Hill-Sachs lesion has been described in patients with posterior shoulder instability. Glenoid bone loss is typically associated with the Hill-Sachs lesion in patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability. The lesion is a bipolar injury, and identification of concomitant glenoid bone loss is essential to optimize clinical outcome. Other pathology (eg, Bankart tear, labral or capsular injuries) must be identified, as well. Treatment is dictated by subjective and objective findings of shoulder instability and radiographic findings. Nonsurgical management, including focused rehabilitation, is acceptable in cases of small bony defects and nonengaging lesions in which the glenohumeral joint remains stable during desired activities. Surgical options include arthroscopic and open techniques.
Effects of different forms of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth performance, intestinal development, and systemic immunity in early-weaned piglets

The present study was conducted to determine effects of different forms of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain Y200007) on the growth performance, intestinal development, and systemic immunity in early-weaned piglets. A total of 96 piglets (14-d old, initial average body weight of 4.5 kg) were assigned to 4 dietary treatments: (1) basal diet without yeast (Control); (2) basal diet supplemented with 3.00 g/kg live yeast (LY); (3) basal diet supplemented with 2.66 g/kg heat-killed whole yeast (HKY); and (4) basal diet supplemented with 3.00 g/kg superfine yeast powders (SFY). Diets and water were provided ad libitum to the piglets during 3-week experiment. Growth performance of piglets was measured weekly. Samples of blood and small intestine were collected at days 7 and 21 of experiment. Dietary supplementation with LY and SFY improved G:F of piglets at days 1-21 of the experiment (P < 0.05) compared to Control group. Serum concentrations of growth hormone (GH), triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in piglets at day 21 of the experiment were higher when fed diets supplemented with LY and SFY than those in Control group (P < 0.05). Compared to Control group, contents of serum urea nitrogen of piglets were reduced by the 3 yeast-supplemented diets (P < 0.05). Diets supplemented with LY increased villus height and villus-to-crypt ratio in duodenum and jejunum of piglets (P < 0.05) compared to other two groups at day 7 of the experiment. Feeding diets supplemented with LY and SFY increased (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of IgA, IL-2, and IL-6 levels in piglets compared to Control. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio and proliferation of T-lymphocytes in piglets fed diets supplemented with LY were increased compared to that of Control group at day 7 of the experiment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with both LY and SFY enhanced feed conversion, small intestinal development, and systemic immunity in early-weaned piglets, with better improvement in feed conversion by dietary supplementation with LY, while dietary supplementation with SFY was more effective in increasing systemic immune functions in early-weaned piglets.
Computing with the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire Neuron: Logarithmic Computation and Multiplication

The leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) model of neuronal spiking (Stein 1967) provides an analytically tractable formalism of neuronal firing rate in terms of a neuron's membrane time constant, threshold, and refractory period. LIF neurons have mainly been used to model physiologically realistic spike trains, but little application of the LIF model appears to have been made in explicitly computational contexts. In this article, we show that the transfer function of a LIF neuron provides, over a wide parameter range, a compressive nonlinearity sufficiently close to that of the logarithm so that LIF neurons can be used to multiply neural signals by mere addition of their outputs yielding the logarithm of the product. A simulation of the LIF multiplier shows that under a wide choice of parameters, a LIF neuron can log-multiply its inputs to within a 5 relative error.
Identifying News from Tweets

Informal genres such as tweets provide large quantities of data in real time, which can be exploited to obtain, through ranking and classification, a succinct summary of the events that occurred. Previous work on tweet ranking and classification mainly focused on salience and social network features or rely on web documents such as online news articles. In this paper, we exploit language independent journalism and content based features to identify news from tweets. We propose a novel newsworthiness classifier trained through active learning and investigate human assessment and automatic methods to encode it on both the tweet and trending topic levels. Our findings show that content and journalism based features proved to be effective for ranking and classifying content on Twitter.
Incentives or standards : What determines accounting quality changes around IFRS adoption ?

We examine the impact of incentives on accounting quality changes around IFRS adoption. In particular, we examine earnings management and timely loss recognition, constructs often used to assess accounting standards quality. While existing literature documents accounting quality improvements following IFRS adoption, we find that improvements are confined to firms with incentives to adopt. Further, we find that firms that resist IFRS have closer connections with banks and inside shareholders, which could explain these firms’ lack of incentives to adopt IFRS. The overall results indicate that incentives dominate accounting standards in determining accounting quality.
UWB Bandpass Filter Using Microstrip-to-CPW Transition With Broadband Balun

A novel ultra-wideband bandpass filter (BPF) is presented using a back-to-back microstrip-to-coplanar waveguide (CPW) transition employed as the broadband balun structure in this letter. The proposed BPF is based on the electromagnetic coupling between open-circuited microstrip line and short-circuited CPW. The equivalent circuit of half of the filter is used to calculate the input impedance. The broadband microstip-to-CPW transition is designed at the center frequency of 6.85 GHz. The simulated and measured results are shown in this letter.
Towards compliant and wearable robotic orthoses: A review of current and emerging actuator technologies.

Robotic orthoses, or exoskeletons, have the potential to provide effective rehabilitation while overcoming the availability and cost constraints of therapists. However, current orthosis actuation systems use components designed for industrial applications, not specifically for interacting with humans. This can limit orthoses' capabilities and, if their users' needs are not adequately considered, contribute to their abandonment. Here, a user centered review is presented on: requirements for orthosis actuators; the electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic actuators currently used in orthoses and their advantages and limitations; the potential of new actuator technologies, including smart materials, to actuate orthoses; and the future of orthosis actuator research.
Anatomic variations of the pelvic floor nerves adjacent to the sacrospinous ligament: a female cadaver study

Our objective was to document variations in the topography of pelvic floor nerves (PFN) and describe a nerve-free zone adjacent to the sacrospinous ligament (SSL). Pelvic floor dissections were performed on 15 female cadavers. The course of the PFN was described in relation to the ischial spine (IS) and the SSL. The pudendal nerve (PN) passed medial to the IS and posterior to the SSL at a mean distance of 0.6 cm (SD = ±0.4) in 80% of cadavers. In 40% of cadavers, an inferior rectal nerve (IRN) variant pierced the SSL at a distance of 1.9 cm (SD = ±0.7) medial to the IS. The levator ani nerve (LAN), coursed over the superior surface of the SSL–coccygeus muscle complex at a mean distance of 2.5 cm (SD = ±0.7) medial to the IS. Anatomic variations were found which challenge the classic description of PFN. A nerve-free zone is situated in the medial third of the SSL.