nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
GRAVITY DRIVEN SHALLOW WATER MODELS FOR ARBITRARY TOPOGRAPHY ∗

We derive new models for gravity driven shallow water flows in several space dimensions over a general topography. A first model is valid for small slope variation, i.e. small curvature, and a second model is valid for arbitrary topography. In both cases no particular assumption is made on the velocity profile in the material layer. The models are written for an arbitrary coordinate system, and several formulations are provided. A Coulomb friction term is derived within the same framework, relevant in particular for debris avalanches. All our models are invariant under rotation, admit a conservative energy equation, and preserve the steady state of a lake at rest.
SciPass : a 100 Gbps capable secure Science DMZ using OpenFlow and Bro

In this paper, we describe a 100Gbps capable OpenFlow based Science DMZ approach which combines adaptive IDS load balancing, dynamic traffic filtering and a novel IDS based technique to detect “good” traffic flows and forward around performance challenged institutional firewalls. Evaluation of this approach was conducted using GridFTP and Iperf3. Results indicate this is a viable approach to enhance science data transfer performance and reduce security hardware costs.
Heavy Slow Resistance Versus Eccentric Training as Treatment for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Previous studies have shown that eccentric training has a positive effect on Achilles tendinopathy, but few randomized controlled trials have compared it with other loading-based treatment regimens.



To evaluate the effectiveness of eccentric training (ECC) and heavy slow resistance training (HSR) among patients with midportion Achilles tendinopathy.



Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.



A total of 58 patients with chronic (>3 months) midportion Achilles tendinopathy were randomized to ECC or HSR for 12 weeks. Function and symptoms (Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles), tendon pain during activity (visual analog scale), tendon swelling, tendon neovascularization, and treatment satisfaction were assessed at 0 and 12 weeks and at the 52-week follow-up. Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis.



Both groups showed significant (P < .0001) improvements in Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles and visual analog scale from 0 to 12 weeks, and these improvements were maintained at the 52-week follow-up. Concomitant with the clinical improvement, there was a significant reduction in tendon thickness and neovascularization. None of these robust clinical and structural improvements differed between the ECC and HSR groups. However, patient satisfaction tended to be greater after 12 weeks with HSR (100%) than with ECC (80%; P = .052) but not after 52 weeks (HSR, 96%; ECC, 76%; P = .10), and the mean training session compliance rate was 78% in the ECC group and 92% in the HSR group, with a significant difference between groups (P < .005).



The results of this study show that both traditional ECC and HSR yield positive, equally good, lasting clinical results in patients with Achilles tendinopathy and that the latter tends to be associated with greater patient satisfaction after 12 weeks but not after 52 weeks.
Primitive activity recognition from short sequences of sensory data

Activity recognition from mobile device sensors and wearables is attracting more attention from the research community due to the widespread adoption of these devices and the unique opportunity they provide for understanding user’s behavior leading to novel services and improvements in the delivery of existing ones. Approaches to tackle this problem either rely on predefined statistical features of sensor data streams or feature learning with the latter providing higher accuracies in most cases. Deep learning methods proved more effective than traditional approaches to feature learning in multiple studies. This paper presents a novel end-to-end trainable deep architecture that utilizes multiple convolutional neural networks (CNN), late fusion and extensive layer bypassing. The proposed method can easily accommodate multiple sensors and signal representations. The proposed approach is validated on eight publicly available datasets using a variety of evaluation conditions showing that it outperforms state-of-the-art methods in six of them.
Statics modeling of an underactuated wire-driven flexible robotic arm

In this paper, statics model of an underactuated wire-driven flexible robotic arm is introduced. The robotic arm is composed of a serpentine backbone and a set of controlling wires. It has decoupled bending rigidity and axial rigidity, which enables the robot large axial payload capacity. Statics model of the robotic arm is developed using the Newton-Euler method. Combined with the kinematics model, the robotic arm deformation as well as the wire motion needed to control the robotic arm can be obtained. The model is validated by experiments. Results show that, the proposed model can well predict the robotic arm bending curve. Also, the bending curve is not affected by the wire pre-tension. This enables the wire-driven robotic arm with potential applications in minimally invasive surgical operations.
Dimensional Reasoning and Research Design Spaces

We present an exploration into the use of dimensional reasoning and the creation of research design spaces. We hypothesized that researchers, engaged in open-ended creative problem solving, could adapt the methods of design thinking and design spaces to create dimensionalized research design spaces. To investigate how researchers might explicitly engage in such dimensionalization processes, we created and studied (n=5, n=5) an interactive web-based system for the creation of research design spaces. Our results showed that a 'dimensions-first' approach was difficult for researchers to work with. We then created and studied (n=11) a prototype 'examples-first' approach. Our results suggest that the ability of researchers to explicitly dimensionalize their research areas is quite varied and that significant scaffolding is required to help researchers reason in this way.
Pooled spike trains of correlated presynaptic inputs as realizations of cluster point processes

The pooled spike trains of correlated presynaptic terminals acting synchronously upon a single neuron are realizations of cluster point processes: the notions of spikes synchronizing in bursts and of points bunching in clusters are conceptually identical. The primary processes constituent specifies the timing of the cluster series; subsidiary processes and poolings specify burst structure and tightness. This representation and the Poisson process representation of independent terminals complete the formal approach to pooled trains. The notion’s usefulness was illustrated by expressing physiological questions in terms of those constituents, each possessing a clear biological embodiment; constituents provided the control variables in simulations using leaky integrate-and-fire postsynaptic neurons excited by multiple weak terminals. Regular or irregular primary processes and bursts series determined low or high postsynaptic dispersions. When convergent set synchrony increased, its postsynaptic consequences approached those of single powerful synapses; concomitantly, output spike trains approached periodic, quasiperiodic, or aperiodic behaviors. The sequence in which terminals fired within bursts affected the predictee and predictor roles of presynaptic and postsynaptic spikes; when inhibition was added, EPSP and IPSP delays and order were influential (summation was noncommutative). Outputs to different correlations were heterogeneous; heterogeneity was accentuated by conditioning by variables such as DC biases.
Towards Generalization and Simplicity in Continuous Control

This work shows that policies with simple linear and RBF parameterizations can be trained to solve a variety of widely studied continuous control tasks, including the gym-v1 benchmarks. The performance of these trained policies are competitive with state of the art results, obtained with more elaborate parameterizations such as fully connected neural networks. Furthermore, the standard training and testing scenarios for these tasks are shown to be very limited and prone to over-fitting, thus giving rise to only trajectory-centric policies. Training with a diverse initial state distribution induces more global policies with better generalization. This allows for interactive control scenarios where the system recovers from large on-line perturbations; as shown in the supplementary video.
Efficient Location Prediction in Mobile Cellular Networks

Mobile context-aware applications are capable of predicting the context of the user in order to operate proactively and provide advanced services. We propose an efficient spatial context classifier and a short-term predictor for the future location of a mobile user in cellular networks. We introduce different variants of the considered location predictor dealing with location (cell) identifiers and directions. Symbolic location classification is treated as a supervised learning problem. We evaluate the prediction efficiency and accuracy of the proposed predictors through synthetic and real-world traces and compare our solution with existing algorithms for location prediction. Our findings are very promising for the location prediction problem and the adoption of proactive context-aware applications and services.
EXAMINING THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE WONG AND LAW EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCES SCALE ( WLEIS )

Emotional intelligence is an individual’s ability to perceive accurately, evaluate and express emotions. One of the instruments to measure emotional intelligence is the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) which consist of four dimensions namely self-emotional appraisal, others’ emotional appraisal, regulation of emotion and use of emotion. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS). This was a survey research using a set of questionnaires. A total of 150 newly appointed administrative officers who were undergoing a compulsory course participated in this study. The instruments used were the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), Organisational Commitment Questionnaire and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). In evaluating the reliability of WLEIS, alpha Cronbach and split half methods were used. In addition, criterion and construct validity methods were used to test its validity. Results obtained showed that the Bahasa Malaysia version of the WLEIS was valid and using principal component analysis with varimax rotation method, four components were extracted with 75.1% variance. The WLEIS also showed good criterion validity from the significant correlations with the criteria of organizational commitment and satisfaction with life. Furthermore, the results of reliability were satisfactory with alpha Cronbach ranging from 0.83 to 0.92 for all the dimensions. Results of split half reliability also showed the instrument was reliable with the coefficient ranging from 0.81 to 0.95.
Correction of Bilateral Class II Malocclusion Using Heat-Activated Nickel Titanium Wires.

Dr. Scalia is an orthodontic postgraduate student, Dr. Perinetti is a Research Fellow, Dr. Locatelli is a Clinical Instructor, and Dr. Contardo is an Assistant Professor, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Trieste, Piazza Ospitale 1, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia 34129, Italy. Dr. Locatelli is also in the private practice of orthodontics in Portogruaro, Italy. E-mail Dr. Scalia at dott.alessandro. scalia@gmail.com. ALESSANDRO SCALIA, DDS GIUSEPPE PERINETTI, DDS, MS, PhD RANIERI LOCATELLI, MD, MS LUCA CONTARDO, DDS, MS
BIS Working Papers No 514 The influence of monetary policy on bank profitability

This paper investigates how monetary policy affects bank profitability. We use data for 109 large international banks headquartered in 14 major advanced economies for the period 1995–2012. Overall, we find a positive relationship between the level of short-term rates and the slope of the yield curve (the “interest rate structure”, for short), on the one hand, and bank profitability – return on assets – on the other. This suggests that the positive impact of the interest rate structure on net interest income dominates the negative one on loan loss provisions and on non-interest income. We also find that the effect is stronger when the interest rate level is lower and the slope less steep, ie that non-linearities are present. All this suggests that, over time, unusually low interest rates and an unusually flat term structure erode bank profitability.
Novel vascular biology of third-generation L-type calcium channel antagonists: ancillary actions of amlodipine.

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) were developed as vasodilators, and their use in cardiovascular disease treatment remains largely based on that mechanism of action. More recently, with the evolution of second- and third-generation CCBs, pleiotropic effects have been observed, and at least some of CCBs' benefit is attributable to these mechanisms. Understanding these effects has contributed greatly to elucidating disease mechanisms and the rationale for CCB use. Furthermore, this knowledge might clarify why drugs are useful in some disease states, such as atherosclerosis, but not in others, such as heart failure. Although numerous drugs used in the treatment of vascular disease, including statins and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, have well-described pleiotropic effects universally accepted to contribute to their benefit, little attention has been paid to CCBs' potentially similar effects. Accumulating evidence that at least 1 CCB, amlodipine, has pharmacologic actions distinct from L-type calcium channel blockade prompted us to investigate the pleiotropic actions of amlodipine and CCBs in general. There are several areas of research; foci here are (1) the physicochemical properties of amlodipine and its interaction with cholesterol and oxidants; (2) the mechanism by which amlodipine regulates NO production and implications; and (3) amlodipine's role in controlling smooth muscle cell proliferation and matrix formation.
Comparison of iron chelation effects of deferoxamine, deferasirox, and combination of deferoxamine and deferiprone on liver and cardiac T2* MRI in thalassemia maior

Cardiac complications due to iron overload are the most common cause of death in patients with thalassemia major. The aim of this study was to compare iron chelation effects of deferoxamine, deferasirox, and combination of deferoxamine and deferiprone on cardiac and liver iron load measured by T2* MRI.



In this study, 108 patients with thalassemia major aged over 10 years who had iron overload in cardiac T2* MRI were studied in terms of iron chelators efficacy on the reduction of myocardial siderosis. The first group received deferoxamine, the second group only deferasirox, and the third group, a combination of deferoxamine and deferiprone. Myocardial iron was measured at baseline and 12 months later through T2* MRI technique.



The three groups were similar in terms of age, gender, ferritin level, and mean myocardial T2* at baseline. In the deferoxamine group, myocardial T2* was increased from 12.0±4.1 ms at baseline to 13.5±8.4 ms at 12 months (p=0.10). Significant improvement was observed in myocardial T2* of the deferasirox group (p<0.001). In the combined treatment group, myocardial T2* was significantly increased (p<0.001). These differences among the three groups were not significant at the 12 months. A significant improvement was observed in liver T2* at 12 months compared to baseline in the deferasirox and the combination group.



In comparison to deferoxamine monotherapy, combination therapy and deferasirox monotherapy have a significant impact on reducing iron overload and improvement of myocardial and liver T2* MRI.
The Interpretation of Dreams

In the following pages, I shall demonstrate that there is a psychological technique which makes it possible to interpret dreams, and that on the application of this technique, every dream will reveal itself as a psychological structure, full of significance, and one which may be assigned to a specific place in the psychic activities of the waking state. Further, I shall endeavour to elucidate the processes which underlie the strangeness and obscurity of dreams, and to deduce from these processes the nature of the psychic forces whose conflict or co-operation is responsible for our dreams.
Impact of weight loss on plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), factor VII, and other hemostatic factors in moderately overweight adults.

Based on previous cross-sectional findings, we hypothesized that weight loss could improve several hemostatic factors associated with cardiovascular disease. In a randomized controlled trial, moderately overweight men and women were assigned to one of four weight loss treatment groups or to a control group. Measurements of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen, D-dimer antigen, factor VII activity, fibrinogen, and protein C antigens were made at baseline and after 6 months in 90 men and 88 women. Net treatment weight loss was 9.4 kg in men and 7.4 kg in women. There was no net change (p > 0.05) in D-dimer, fibrinogen, or protein C with weight loss. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases were observed in the combined treatment groups compared with the control group for mean PAI-1 (31% decline), t-PA antigen (24% decline), and factor VII (11% decline). Decreases in these hemostatic variables were correlated with the amount of weight lost and the degree that plasma triglycerides declined; these correlations were stronger in men than women. These findings suggest that weight loss can improve abnormalities in hemostatic factors associated with obesity.
Parameterizing Homographies CMU-RI-TR-06-11

The motion of a plane can be described by a homography. We study how to parameterize homographies to maximize plane estimation performance. We compare the usual 3 × 3 matrix parameterization with a parameterization that combines 4 fixed points in one of the images with 4 variable points in the other image. We empirically show that this 4pt parameterization is far superior. We also compare both parameterizations with a variety of direct parameterizations. In the case of unknown relative orientation, we compare with a direct parameterization of the plane equation, and the rotation and translation of the camera(s). We show that the direct parameteri-zation is both less accurate and far less robust than the 4-point parameterization. We explain the poor performance using a measure of independence of the Jacobian images. In the fully calibrated setting, the direct parameterization just consists of 3 parameters of the plane equation. We show that this parameterization is far more robust than the 4-point parameterization, but only approximately as accurate. In the case of a moving stereo rig we find that the direct parameterization of plane equation, camera rotation and translation performs very well, both in terms of accuracy and robustness. This is in contrast to the corresponding direct parameterization in the case of unknown relative orientation. Finally, we illustrate the use of plane estimation in 2 automotive applications.
Deconstructing principal component analysis using a data reconciliation perspective

Data reconciliation (DR) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are two popular data analysis techniques in process industries. Data reconciliation is used to obtain accurate and consistent estimates of variables and parameters from erroneous measurements. PCA is primarily used as a method for reducing the dimensionality of high dimensional data and as a preprocessing technique for denoising measurements. These techniques have been developed and deployed independently of each other. The primary purpose of this article is to elucidate the close relationship between these two seemingly disparate techniques. This leads to a unified framework for applying PCA and DR. Further, we show how the two techniques can be deployed together in a collaborative and consistent manner to process data. The framework has been extended to deal with partially measured systems and to incorporate partial knowledge available about the process model.
Effect of culture conditions on growth of green alga — Haematococcus pluvialis and astaxanthin production

Influence of culture conditions such as light, temperature and C/N ratio was studied on growth of Haematococcus pluvialis and astaxanthin production. Light had significant effect on astaxanthin production and it varied with its intensity and direction of illumination and effective culture ratio (ECR, volume of culture medium/volume of flask). A 6-fold increase in astaxanthin production (37 mg/L) was achieved with 5.1468·107 erg·m−2·s−1 light intensity (high light, HL) at effective culture ratio of 0.13 compared to that at 0.52 ECR, while the difference in the astaxanthin production was less than 2 — fold between the effective culture ratios at 1.6175·107 erg·m−2·s−1 light intensity (low light, LL). Multidirectional (three-directional) light illumination considerably enhanced the astaxanthin production (4-fold) compared to unidirectional illumination. Cell count was high at low temperature (25 °C) while astaxanthin content was high at 35 °C in both autotrophic and heterotrophic media. In a heterotrophic medium at low C/N ratio H. pluvialis growth was higher with prolonged vegetative phase, while high C/N ratio favoured early encystment and higher astaxanthin formation.
A novel therapeutic strategy for turban tumor: scalp excision and combined reconstruction with artificial dermis and split skin graft.

Brooke-Spiegler syndrome is a hereditary tumor predisposition disorder characterized by the development of cylindromas, trichoepitheliomas, and spiradenomas. Predilection sites of the disease are hair follicles and sweat glands of the head and neck. In some patients, the tumors can coalesce to so-called turban tumors, which then usually cause cosmetic, psychological, and functional impairment. A curative therapy is not yet available, and thus total scalp excision followed by split skin graft is evolving as a frequently applied therapy. However, this treatment can lead to the formation of a thin and vulnerable skin, which hampers wearing a wig. Therefore, a more robust and functional solution is preferable. Here, we report on a woman with a turban tumor who suffered enormously from the disease and had secluded herself from social life.



We treated her with a total scalp excision down to the periosteum, followed by sequential combined reconstruction with an artificial dermal template and split skin grafts.



The treatment resulted in formation of a robust and flexible skin.



Treatment of turban tumor is a challenge considering the localization and extensiveness of the tumor masses. This novel therapy for turban tumor leads to a very good cosmetic and functional outcome.