nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Social temporal collaborative ranking for context aware movie recommendation

Most existing collaborative filtering models only consider the use of user feedback (e.g., ratings) and meta data (e.g., content, demographics). However, in most real world recommender systems, context information, such as time and social networks, are also very important factors that could be considered in order to produce more accurate recommendations. In this work, we address several challenges for the context aware movie recommendation tasks in CAMRa 2010: (1) how to combine multiple heterogeneous forms of user feedback? (2) how to cope with dynamic user and item characteristics? (3) how to capture and utilize social connections among users? For the first challenge, we propose a novel ranking based matrix factorization model to aggregate explicit and implicit user feedback. For the second challenge, we extend this model to a sequential matrix factorization model to enable time-aware parametrization. Finally, we introduce a network regularization function to constrain user parameters based on social connections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the collective modeling of social and temporal dynamics. Experiments on the CAMRa 2010 dataset demonstrated clear improvements over many baselines.
ESP8266 based implementation of wireless sensor network with Linux based web-server

A Wi-Fi wireless platform with embedded Linux web server and its integration into a network of sensor nodes for building automation and industrial automation is implemented here. In this system focus is on developing an ESP8266 based Low cost Wi-Fi based wireless sensor network, the IEEE 802.11n protocol is used for system. In most of the existing wireless sensor network are designed based on ZigBee and RF. The pecking order of the system is such that the lowest level is that of the sensors, the in-between level is the controllers, and the highest level is a supervisory node. The supervisor can be react as an active or passive. The system is shown to permit all achievable controller failure scenarios. The supervisor can handle the entire control load of all controllers, should the need arise. An integrated system platform which can provide Linux web server, database, and PHP run-time environment was built by using ARM Linux development board with Apache+PHP+SQLite3. Various Internet accesses were offered by using Wi-Fi wireless networks communication technology. Raspberry Pi use as a main server in the system and which connects the sensor nodes via Wi-Fi in the wireless sensor network and collects sensors data from different sensors, and supply multi-clients services including data display through an Embedded Linux based Web-Server.
The Balance Attack Against Proof-Of-Work Blockchains: The R3 Testbed as an Example

In this paper, we identify a new form of attack, called the Balance attack, against proof-of-work blockchain systems. The novelty of this attack consists of delaying network communications between multiple subgroups of nodes with balanced mining power. Our theoretical analysis captures the precise tradeoff between the network delay and the mining power of the attacker needed to double spend in Ethereum with high probability. We quantify our probabilistic analysis with statistics taken from the R3 consortium, and show that a single machine needs 20 minutes to attack the consortium. Finally, we run an Ethereum private chain in a distributed system with similar settings as R3 to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach, and discuss the application of the Balance attack to Bitcoin. Our results clearly confirm that main proof-of-work blockchain protocols can be badly suited for consortium blockchains.
High-voltage high-frequency power supply using phase shift PWM full bridge inverter fed ozone generator

This paper proposes the high-voltage high-frequency power supply for an ozone generator using a phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PWM) full bridge inverter. The circuit operation is fully described. The high-frequency transformer and ozone generator mathematical models are also included for preliminarily calculating of instantaneous voltages and currents. The proposed system simulation using the MATLAB /SIMULINK software package is given. In order to ensure that zero voltage switching (ZVS) mode always operates over a certain range of a frequency variation, a series-compensated resonant inductor is included. The advantage of the proposed system is a capability of varying ozone gas production quantity by varying the frequency and phase shift angle of the converter whilst the applied voltage to the electrodes is kept constant. The correctness of the proposed technique is verified by both simulation and experimental results.
Bitcoin and Beyond: Exclusively Informational Monies

The famous new money Bitcoin is classified as a technical informational money (TIM). Besides introducing the idea of a TIM, a more extreme notion of informational money will be developed: exclusively informational money (EXIM). The informational coins (INCOs) of an EXIM can be in control of an agent but are not owned by any agent. INCOs of an EXIM cannot be stolen, but they can be lost, or thrown away. The difference between an EXIM and a TIM shows up when considering a user perspective on security matters. Security for an EXIM user is discussed in substantial detail, with the remarkable conclusion that computer security (security models, access control, user names, passwords, firewalls etc.) is not always essential for an EXIM, while the application of cryptography based information security is unavoidable for the use of an EXIM. Bitcoin seems to meet the criteria of an EXIM, but the assertion that “Bitcoin is an EXIM”, might also be considered problematic. As a thought experiment we will contemplate Bitguilder, a hypothetical copy of Bitcoin, cast as an EXIM and its equally hypothetical extension BitguilderPlus. A business ethics assessment of Bitcoin is made which reveals a number of worries. By combining Bitguilder with a so-called technical informational near-money (TINM) a dual money system, having two units with a fluctuating rate, may be obtained. It seems that a dual money can remedy some, but not all, of the ethical worries that arise when contemplating Bitcoin after hypothetically having become a dominant form of money. The contributions that Bitcoin’s designers can potentially make to the evolution of EXIMs and TIMs is analyzed in terms of the update of the portfolio of money related natural kinds that comes with Bitcoin.
ForWaRD: Fourier-wavelet regularized deconvolution for ill-conditioned systems

We propose an efficient, hybrid Fourier-wavelet regularized deconvolution (ForWaRD) algorithm that performs noise regularization via scalar shrinkage in both the Fourier and wavelet domains. The Fourier shrinkage exploits the Fourier transform's economical representation of the colored noise inherent in deconvolution, whereas the wavelet shrinkage exploits the wavelet domain's economical representation of piecewise smooth signals and images. We derive the optimal balance between the amount of Fourier and wavelet regularization by optimizing an approximate mean-squared error (MSE) metric and find that signals with more economical wavelet representations require less Fourier shrinkage. ForWaRD is applicable to all ill-conditioned deconvolution problems, unlike the purely wavelet-based wavelet-vaguelette deconvolution (WVD); moreover, its estimate features minimal ringing, unlike the purely Fourier-based Wiener deconvolution. Even in problems for which the WVD was designed, we prove that ForWaRD's MSE decays with the optimal WVD rate as the number of samples increases. Further, we demonstrate that over a wide range of practical sample-lengths, ForWaRD improves on WVD's performance.
Voltage-Loop Power-Stage Transfer Functions With MOSFET Delay for Boost PWM Converter Operating in CCM

Open-loop transfer functions can be used to create closed-loop models of pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) converters. The closed-loop small-signal model can be used to design a controller for the switching converter with well-known linear control theory. The dynamics of the power stage for boost PWM dc-dc converter operating in continuous-conduction mode (CCM) are studied. The transfer functions from output current to output voltage, from duty cycle to output voltage including MOSFET delay, and from input voltage to output voltage are derived. The derivations are performed using an averaged linear circuit small-signal model of the boost converter for CCM. Experimental Bode plots and step responses were used to test the accuracy of the derived transfer functions. The theoretical and experimental responses were in excellent agreement, confirming the validity of the derived transfer functions
Rhinoplasty for the multiply revised nose.

To evaluate the problems encountered on revising a multiply operated nose and the methods used in correcting such problems.



The study included 50 cases presenting for revision rhinoplasty after having had 2 or more previous rhinoplasties. An external rhinoplasty approach was used in all cases. Simultaneous septal surgery was done whenever indicated. All cases were followed for a mean period of 32 months (range, 1.5-8 years). Evaluation of the surgical result depended on clinical examination, comparison of pre- and postoperative photographs, and degree of patients' satisfaction with their aesthetic and functional outcome.



Functionally, 68% suffered nasal obstruction that was mainly caused by septal deviations and nasal valve problems. Aesthetically, the most common deformities of the upper two thirds of the nose included pollybeak (64%), dorsal irregularities (54%), dorsal saddle (44%), and open roof deformity (42%), whereas the deformities of lower third included depressed tip (68%), tip contour irregularities (60%), and overrotated tip (42%). Nasal grafting was necessary in all cases; usually more than 1 type of graft was used in each case. Postoperatively, 79% of the patients, with preoperative nasal obstruction, reported improved breathing; 84% were satisfied with their aesthetic result; and only 8 cases (16%) requested further revision to correct minor deformities.



Revision of a multiply operated nose is a complex and technically demanding task, yet, in a good percentage of cases, aesthetic as well as functional improvement are still possible.
Development of Yes/No Arabic Question Answering System

Developing Question Answering systems has been one of the important research issues because it requires insights from a variety of disciplines, including, Artificial Intelligence, Information Retrieval, Information Extraction, Natural Language Processing, and Psychology. In this paper we realize a formal model for a lightweight semantic–based open domain yes/no Arabic question answering system based on paragraph retrieval (with variable length). We propose a constrained semantic representation. Using an explicit unification framework based on semantic similarities and query expansion (synonyms and antonyms). This frequently improves the precision of the system. Employing the passage retrieval system achieves a better precision by retrieving more paragraphs that contain relevant answers to the question; It significantly reduces the amount of text to be processed by the system.
Stochastic Joint Radio and Computational Resource Management for Multi-User Mobile-Edge Computing Systems

Mobile-edge computing (MEC) has recently emerged as a prominent technology to liberate mobile devices from computationally intensive workloads, by offloading them to the proximate MEC server. To make offloading effective, the radio and computational resources need to be dynamically managed, to cope with the time-varying computation demands and wireless fading channels. In this paper, we develop an online joint radio and computational resource management algorithm for multi-user MEC systems, with the objective of minimizing the long-term average weighted sum power consumption of the mobile devices and the MEC server, subject to a task buffer stability constraint. Specifically, at each time slot, the optimal CPU-cycle frequencies of the mobile devices are obtained in closed forms, and the optimal transmit power and bandwidth allocation for computation offloading are determined with the Gauss-Seidel method; while for the MEC server, both the optimal frequencies of the CPU cores and the optimal MEC server scheduling decision are derived in closed forms. Besides, a delay-improved mechanism is proposed to reduce the execution delay. Rigorous performance analysis is conducted for the proposed algorithm and its delay-improved version, indicating that the weighted sum power consumption and execution delay obey an  $\left [{O\left ({1 / V}\right), O\left ({V}\right) }\right ]$  tradeoff with  $V$  as a control parameter. Simulation results are provided to validate the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the impacts of various parameters.
Planning for Robust Airline Operations: Optimizing Aircraft Routings and Flight Departure Times to Minimize Passenger Disruptions

A typically construct their schedules assuming that every flight leg will depart and arrive as planned. Because this optimistic scenario rarely occurs, these plans are frequently disrupted and airlines often incur significant costs in addition to those originally planned. Flight delays and schedule disruptions also cause passenger delays and disruptions. A more robust plan can reduce the occurrence and impact of these delays, thereby reducing costs. In this paper, we present two new approaches to minimize passenger disruptions and achieve robust airline schedule plans. The first approach involves routing aircraft, and the second involves retiming flight departure times. Because each airplane usually flies a sequence of flight legs, delay of one flight leg might propagate along the aircraft route to downstream flight legs and cause further delays and disruptions. We propose a new approach to reduce delay propagation by intelligently routing aircraft. We formulate this problem as a mixedinteger programming problem with stochastically generated inputs. An algorithmic solution approach is presented. Computational results obtained using data from a major U.S. airline show that our approach can reduce delay propagation significantly, thus improving on-time performance and reducing the numbers of passengers disrupted. Our second area of research considers passengers who miss their flight legs due to insufficient connection time. We develop a new approach to minimize the number of passenger misconnections by retiming the departure times of flight legs within a small time window. We formulate the problem and an algorithmic solution approach is presented. Computational results obtained using data from a major U.S. airline show that this approach can substantially reduce the number of passenger misconnections without significantly increasing operational costs.
Coupling Metrics for Object-Oriented Design

In this paper we describe and evaluate some recently innovated coupling metrics for object oriented OO design The Coupling Between Objects CBO metric of Chidamber and Kemerer C K are evaluated empirically using ve OO systems and compared with an alternative OO design metric called NAS which measures the Number of Associations between a class and its peers The NAS metric is directly collectible from design documents such as the Object Model of OMT Results from all systems studied indicate a strong relationship between CBO and NAS suggesting that they are not orthogonal We hypothesised that coupling would be related to understandability the number of errors and error density No relationships were found for any of the systems between class understandability and coupling However we did nd partial support for our hypothesis linking increased coupling to increased error density The work described in this paper is part of the Metrics for OO Programming Systems MOOPS project which aims are to evaluate existing OO metrics and to innovate and evaluate new OO analysis and design metrics aimed speci cally at the early stages of development
PropFuzz — An IT-security fuzzing framework for proprietary ICS protocols

Programmable Logic Controllers are used for smart homes, in production processes or to control critical infrastructures. Modern industrial devices in the control level are often communicating over proprietary protocols on top of TCP/IP with each other and SCADA systems. The networks in which the controllers operate are usually considered as trustworthy and thereby they are not properly secured. Due to the growing connectivity caused by the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 the security risks are rising. Therefore, the demand of security assessment tools for industrial networks is high. In this paper, we introduce a new fuzzing framework called PropFuzz, which is capable to fuzz proprietary industrial control system protocols and monitor the behavior of the controller. Furthermore, we present first results of a security assessment with our framework.
The Mobile Connection : The Cell Phone ’ s Impact on Society

Mobile telecommunications such as voice telephony, SMS, WLAN (wireless local area network) technology, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) are being used by broader and broader sections of society. As a result of this increased usage (particularly for mobile-phone use), there is a small but growing body of research that indicates that the use of mobile communications is influencing how we go about our daily lives from both a social and economic perspective. For example, as mobile-phone usage increases, it is no longer unusual to see mobile phones being used in a wide variety of contexts (e.g., social, business) in various locations (e.g., trains, cafes). Wei and Leung (1999) found that the majority of calls being made by mobile-phone users take place on the streets, on public transport, in shops, and in restaurants. What is the social impact of mobile-phone use in public places and society in general? This is the question that Rich Ling sets out to investigate in his book The Mobile Connection: The Cell Phone's Impact on Society. Ling's book, through a detailed description and analysis of several studies, provides us with a valuable insight into how this relatively new form of technology is changing people's social dynamics in public life. In particular, he focuses on how the mobile phone can be used to create a sense of security for the individual, its use in what he calls the " micro-coordination " of everyday life, and the impact the mobile phone has had on the lives of teenagers. In addition , he raises the possibility that the mobile phone could be a disturbing influence in our public life (we all have experienced sitting next to someone on a train having a loud mobile-phone conversation) and takes a detailed look at the SMS communication phenomenon. The first two chapters of the book provide the reader with general background information on the growth of the worldwide mobile-phone market and also provide an
Interleaved Boost-Integrated LLC Resonant Converter With Fixed-Frequency PWM Control for Renewable Energy Generation Applications

This paper proposes a current-fed LLC resonant converter that is able to achieve high efficiency over a wide input voltage range. It is derived by integrating a two-phase interleaved boost circuit and a full-bridge LLC circuit together by virtue of sharing the same full-bridge switching unit. Compared with conventional full-bridge LLC converter, the gain characteristic is improved in terms of both gain range and optimal operation area, fixed-frequency pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) control is employed to achieve output voltage regulation, and the input current ripple is minimized as well. The voltage across the turned-off primary-side switch can be always clamped by the bus voltage, reducing the switch voltage stress. Besides, its other distinct features, such as single-stage configuration, and soft switching for all switches also contribute to high power conversion efficiency. The operation principles are presented, and then the main characteristics regarding gain, input current ripple, and zero-voltage switching (ZVS) considering the nonlinear output capacitance of MOSFET are investigated and compared with conventional solutions. Also, the design procedure for some key parameters is presented, and two kinds of interleaved boost integrated resonant converter topologies are generalized. Finally, experimental results of a converter prototype with 120-240 V input and 24 V/25 A output verify all considerations.
Deep Learning in Automotive Software

Deep-learning-based systems are becoming pervasive in automotive software. So, in the automotive software engineering community, the awareness of the need to integrate deep-learning-based development with traditional development approaches is growing, at the technical, methodological, and cultural levels. In particular, data-intensive deep neural network (DNN) training, using ad hoc training data, is pivotal in the development of software for vehicle functions that rely on deep learning. Researchers have devised a development lifecycle for deep-learning-based development and are participating in an initiative, based on Automotive SPICE (Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination), that's promoting the effective adoption of DNN in automotive software. This article is part of a theme issue on Automotive Software.
Device Requirements for Optical Interconnects to Silicon Chips

We examine the current performance and future demands of interconnects to and on silicon chips. We compare electrical and optical interconnects and project the requirements for optoelectronic and optical devices if optics is to solve the major problems of interconnects for future high-performance silicon chips. Optics has potential benefits in interconnect density, energy, and timing. The necessity of low interconnect energy imposes low limits especially on the energy of the optical output devices, with a ~ 10 fJ/bit device energy target emerging. Some optical modulators and radical laser approaches may meet this requirement. Low (e.g., a few femtofarads or less) photodetector capacitance is important. Very compact wavelength splitters are essential for connecting the information to fibers. Dense waveguides are necessary on-chip or on boards for guided wave optical approaches, especially if very high clock rates or dense wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is to be avoided. Free-space optics potentially can handle the necessary bandwidths even without fast clocks or WDM. With such technology, however, optics may enable the continued scaling of interconnect capacity required by future chips.
An AGENDA for testing relational database applications

1Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Adelphi University, 1 South Avenue, Garden City, New York, NY 11530, U.S.A. 2Department of Computer Science, Polytechnic University, 6 Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11201, U.S.A. 3Department of Computer Science, 3141 Chestnut Street, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A. 4AT&T Labs—Research, Room C213, 180 Park Avenue, Florham Park, NJ 07932, U.S.A.