nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Data Mining Classification Techniques: A Recent Survey

Prediction of heart attack is an important task in medical science. There are several factors are responsible for heart attack problem. Prediction of heart attack problem from different responsible factor is a difficult task. Data mining classification algorithm plays a vital role in several real life applications. In this research we paper present the study of various classification techniques including Decision Tree Induction, Bayesian Classification, Support Vector Machines, Rule-based classification, Neural Network Classifier and KNearest Neighbor Classifier. There are three important which are always considering for classifiers accuracy, Speed and Scalability. Index Terms – Prediction, Classification Diagnosis, Heart Attack, Symptoms.
Accelerating a Random Forest Classifier: Multi-Core, GP-GPU, or FPGA?

Random forest classification is a well known machine learning technique that generates classifiers in the form of an ensemble ("forest") of decision trees. The classification of an input sample is determined by the majority classification by the ensemble. Traditional random forest classifiers can be highly effective, but classification using a random forest is memory bound and not typically suitable for acceleration using FPGAs or GP-GPUs due to the need to traverse large, possibly irregular decision trees. Recent work at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has developed several variants of random forest classifiers, including the Compact Random Forest (CRF), that can generate decision trees more suitable for acceleration than traditional decision trees. Our paper compares and contrasts the effectiveness of FPGAs, GP-GPUs, and multi-core CPUs for accelerating classification using models generated by compact random forest machine learning classifiers. Taking advantage of training algorithms that can produce compact random forests composed of many, small trees rather than fewer, deep trees, we are able to regularize the forest such that the classification of any sample takes a deterministic amount of time. This optimization then allows us to execute the classifier in a pipelined or single-instruction multiple thread (SIMT) fashion. We show that FPGAs provide the highest performance solution, but require a multi-chip / multi-board system to execute even modest sized forests. GP-GPUs offer a more flexible solution with reasonably high performance that scales with forest size. Finally, multi-threading via Open MP on a shared memory system was the simplest solution and provided near linear performance that scaled with core count, but was still significantly slower than the GP-GPU and FPGA.
Myiasis with Lund's fly (Cordylobia rodhaini) in travelers.

Myiasis is an infestation of human tissue by the larvae of certain flies. There are many forms of myiasis, including localized furuncular myiasis, creeping dermal myiasis and wound and body cavity myiasis.1 Cordylobia anthropophaga (the Tumbu fly) and Dermatobia hominis (the human botfly) are the most common causes of myiasis in Africa and tropical America respectively. The genus Cordylobia also contains two less common species, C. ruandae and C. rodhaini. The usual hosts of C. rodhaini are various mammals (particularly rodents), and and humans are accidentally infested. Figure 1 shows the life cycle of C. rodhaini, which occurs over 55 to -67 days.3 The female fly deposits her eggs on dry sand polluted with the excrement of animals or on human clothing. In about 3 days, the larva is activated by the warm body of the host, hatches and invades the skin. As the larva matures, it induces a furuncular swelling. In 12 to -15 days, the larva reaches a length of about 23 mm, exits the skin and falls to the ground to pupate. The adult fly emerges in 23 to -26 days, and the life cycle resumes. In humans, the skin lesion starts as a red papule that gradually enlarges and develops into a furuncle. In the center of the lesion an opening forms, through which the larva breaths and discharges its serosanguinous feces. The lesion is associated with increasing pain until the larva exits the skin. The disease is usually uncomplicated and self-limiting.
COPAS: dynamic contention-balancing to enhance the performance of TCP over multi-hop wireless networks

Most studies on TCP over multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks have only addressed the issue of performance degradation due to temporarily broken routes, which results in TCP inability to distinguish between losses due to link failures or congestion. This problem tends to become more serious as network mobility increases. In this work, we tackle the equally important capture problem to which there has been little or no solution, and is present mostly in static and low mobility multihop wireless networks. This is a result of the interplay between the MAC layer and TCP backoff policies, which causes nodes to unfairly capture the wireless shared medium, hence preventing neighboring nodes to access the channel. This has been shown to have major negative effects on TCP performance comparable to the impact of mobility. We propose a novel algorithm, called COPAS (COntention-based PAth Selection), which incorporates two mechanisms to enhance TCP performance by avoiding capture conditions. First, it uses disjoint forward (sender to receiver for TCP data) and reverse (receiver to sender for TCP ACKs) paths in order to minimize the conflicts of TCP data and ACK packets. Second, COPAS employs a dynamic contentionbalancing scheme where it continuously monitors and changes forward and reverse paths according to the level of MAC layer contention, hence minimizing the likelihood of capture. Through extensive simulation, COPAS is shown to improve TCP throughput by up to 90% while keeping routing overhead low.
Directional Cooperative MAC Protocol Design and Performance Analysis for IEEE 802.11ad WLANs

In this paper, we consider the directional multigigabit (DMG) transmission problem in IEEE 802.11ad wireless local area networks (WLANs) and design a random-access-based medium access control (MAC) layer protocol incorporated with a directional antenna and cooperative communication techniques. A directional cooperative MAC protocol, namely, D-CoopMAC, is proposed to coordinate the uplink channel access among DMG stations (STAs) that operate in an IEEE 802.11ad WLAN. Using a 3-D Markov chain model with consideration of the directional hidden terminal problem, we develop a framework to analyze the performance of the D-CoopMAC protocol and derive a closed-form expression of saturated system throughput. Performance evaluations validate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and show that the performance of D-CoopMAC varies with the number of DMG STAs or beam sectors. In addition, the D-CoopMAC protocol can significantly improve system performance, as compared with the traditional IEEE 802.11ad MAC protocol.
Prevention of Postsurgical Scars: Comparsion of Efficacy and Convenience between Silicone Gel Sheet and Topical Silicone Gel

To date, few studies have compared the effectiveness of topical silicone gels versus that of silicone gel sheets in preventing scars. In this prospective study, we compared the efficacy and the convenience of use of the 2 products. We enrolled 30 patients who had undergone a surgical procedure 2 weeks to 3 months before joining the study. These participants were randomly assigned to 2 treatment arms: one for treatment with a silicone gel sheet, and the other for treatment with a topical silicone gel. Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores were obtained for all patients; in addition, participants completed scoring patient questionnaires 1 and 3 months after treatment onset. Our results reveal not only that no significant difference in efficacy exists between the 2 products but also that topical silicone gels are more convenient to use. While previous studies have advocated for silicone gel sheets as first-line therapies in postoperative scar management, we maintain that similar effects can be expected with topical silicone gel. The authors recommend that, when clinicians have a choice of silicone-based products for scar prevention, they should focus on each patient's scar location, lifestyle, and willingness to undergo scar prevention treatment.
On a New Paradigm for Stock Trading Via a Model-Free Feedback Controller

This paper describes a new paradigm for stock trading involving the use of classical feedback controllers which are “model free” in that they use neither parameterization nor estimation of stock price dynamics. At time t, the control signal is the investment level I(t), obtained via a mapping on the so-called gain-loss function g(t). While such strategies fall under the umbrella of technical analysis, our approach differs from the literature in a fundamental way: Whereas existing work in finance involves statistical analysis via historical back-testing, our new control-theoretic paradigm aims to provide “certification theorems” giving conditions under which certain robustness properties are guaranteed with respect to benchmark classes for the time-varying stock price p(t). We demonstrate our ideas using a linear feedback implementation of a new stock-trading scheme called Simultaneous Long-Short. The analysis is carried out in a so-called idealized frictionless market first using smooth prices for pedagogical purposes and then using a more realistic benchmark involving Geometric Brownian Motion. Finally, simulations are given which include real-world implementation issues.
GPU Kernels as Data-Parallel Array Computations in Haskell — DRAFT [ February 12 , 2009 ] —

We present a novel high-level parallel programming model aimed at graphics processing units (GPUs). We embed GPU kernels as data-parallel array computations in the purely functional language Haskell. GPU and CPU computations can be freely interleaved with the type system tracking the two different modes of computation. The embedded language of array computations is sufficiently limited that our system can automatically extract these computations and compile them to efficient GPU code. In this paper, we outline our approach and present the results of a few preliminary benchmarks.
A Novel Hybrid Self-Adaptive Bat Algorithm

Nature-inspired algorithms attract many researchers worldwide for solving the hardest optimization problems. One of the newest members of this extensive family is the bat algorithm. To date, many variants of this algorithm have emerged for solving continuous as well as combinatorial problems. One of the more promising variants, a self-adaptive bat algorithm, has recently been proposed that enables a self-adaptation of its control parameters. In this paper, we have hybridized this algorithm using different DE strategies and applied these as a local search heuristics for improving the current best solution directing the swarm of a solution towards the better regions within a search space. The results of exhaustive experiments were promising and have encouraged us to invest more efforts into developing in this direction.
Scapular dyskinesis and its relation to shoulder injury.

The scapula plays a key role in nearly every aspect of normal shoulder function. Scapular dyskinesis-altered scapular positioning and motion-is found in association with most shoulder injuries. Basic science and clinical research findings have led to the identification of normal three-dimensional scapular kinematics in scapulohumeral rhythm and to abnormal kinematics in shoulder injury, the development of clinical methods of evaluating the scapula (eg, scapular assistance test, scapular retraction test), and the formulation of rehabilitation guidelines. Primary scapular presentations such as scapular winging and snapping should be managed with a protocol that is focused on the scapula. Persons with associated conditions such as shoulder impingement, rotator cuff disease, labral injury, clavicle fracture, acromioclavicular joint injury, and multidirectional instability should be evaluated for scapular dyskinesis and treated accordingly.
Cross-layer cooperation to boost multipath TCP performance in cloud networks

Cloud networking imposes new requirements in terms of connection resiliency and throughput among virtual machines, hypervisors and users. A promising direction is to exploit multipath communications, yet existing protocols have a so limited scope that performance improvements are often unreachable. Generally, multipathing adds signaling overhead and in certain conditions may in fact decrease throughput due to packet arrival disorder. At the transport layer, the most promising protocol is Multipath TCP (MPTCP), a backward compatible TCP extension allowing to balance the load on several TCP subflows, ideally following different physical paths, to maximize connection throughput. Current implementations create a full mesh between hosts IPs, which can be suboptimal. For situation when at least one end-point network is multihomed, we propose to enhance its subflow creation mechanism so that MPTCP creates an adequate number of subflows considering the underlying path diversity offered by an IP-in-IP mapping protocol, the Location/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP). We defined and implemented a cross-layer cooperation module between MPTCP and LISP, leading to an improved version of MPTCP we name Augmented MPTCP (A-MPTCP). We evaluated A-MPTCP for a realistic Cloud access use-case scenario involving one multi-homed data-center. Results from a large-scale test bed show us that A-MPTCP can halve the transfer times with the simple addition of one additional LIS-Penabled MPTCP subflow, hence showing promising performance for Cloud communications between multi-homed users and multihomed data-centers.
Detachable modular robot capable of cooperative climbing and multi agent exploration

At the cross section of the fields of Uneven Terrain Navigation and Multi Agent Systems (MAS), in this work, a Detachable Compliant Modular Robot (DCMR) which can perform concurrent scene exploration by detaching into numerous parts, while preserving its ability to climb stairs is proposed and built. A spring is designed and used in the modular robot taking the worst-case-scenario of stairs encountered in an urban setting. In addition to the actuators at the wheels, an additional set of actuators per module are introduced to enable the detachment and re-attachment. The design additions and their trade-offs are discussed. Potential applications are presented with special focus on improving coverage of a map with obstacles/slabs large enough to merit exploration by climbing them. The problem of turning in crammed spaces is solved using the ability to detach of DCMR. The detaching & re-attaching capability, and stair climbing of the composite modular robot are demonstrated through experimentation using the prototype.
A Broadband Commonly Fed Dual-Polarized Antenna

A broadband commonly fed antenna with dual polarization is proposed in this letter. The main radiator of the antenna is designed as a loop formed by four staircase-like branches. In this structure, the 0° polarization and 90° polarization share the same radiator and reflector. Measurement shows that the proposed antenna obtains a broad impedance bandwidth of 70% (1.5–3.1 GHz) with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert {{S}}_{11}\vert < -{\text{10 dB}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and a high port-to-port isolation of 35 dB. The antenna gain within the operating frequency band is between 7.2 and 9.5 dBi, which indicates a stable broadband radiation performance. Moreover, a high cross-polarization discrimination of 25 dB is achieved across the whole operating frequency band.
Biaxial-Type Concentrated Solar Tracking System with a Fresnel Lens for Solar-Thermal Applications

In this paper, an electromechanical, biaxial-type concentrated solar tracking system was designed for solar-thermal applications. In our tracking system, the sunlight was concentrated by the microstructure of Fresnel lens to the heating head of the Stirling engine and two solar cells were installed to provide the power for tracking system operation. In order to obtain the maximum sun power, the tracking system traces the sun with the altitude-azimuth biaxial tracing method and accurately maintains the sun’s radiation perpendicular to the plane of the heating head. The results indicated that the position of heating head is an important factor for power collection. If the sunlight can be concentrated to completely cover the heating head with small heat loss, we can obtain the maximum temperature of the heating head of the Stirling engine. Therefore, the temperature of heating head can be higher than 1000  ̋C in our experiment on a sunny day. Moreover, the results also revealed that the temperature decrease of the heating head is less than the power decrease of solar irradiation because of the latent heat of copper and the small heat loss from the heating head.
Remaining useful life estimation using long short-term memory deep learning

This paper proposes a deep learning method to estimate the remaining useful life (RUL) of aero-propulsion engines. The proposed method is based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) structure of the recurrent neural network (RNN). LSTM can effectively extract the relationship between data items that are far separated in the time series. The proposed method is applied to the NASA C-MAPSS data set for RUL estimation accuracy evaluation and is compared with the methods using the multi-layer perceptron (MLP), support vector regression (SVR), relevance vector regression (RVR) and convolutional neural network (CNN). Comparisons show that the proposed method is better than others in terms of the root mean squared error (RMSE) and the value of a scoring function.
What you see is what you set: sustained inattentional blindness and the capture of awareness.

This article reports a theoretical and experimental attempt to relate and contrast 2 traditionally separate research programs: inattentional blindness and attention capture. Inattentional blindness refers to failures to notice unexpected objects and events when attention is otherwise engaged. Attention capture research has traditionally used implicit indices (e.g., response times) to investigate automatic shifts of attention. Because attention capture usually measures performance whereas inattentional blindness measures awareness, the 2 fields have existed side by side with no shared theoretical framework. Here, the authors propose a theoretical unification, adapting several important effects from the attention capture literature to the context of sustained inattentional blindness. Although some stimulus properties can influence noticing of unexpected objects, the most influential factor affecting noticing is a person's own attentional goals. The authors conclude that many--but not all--aspects of attention capture apply to inattentional blindness but that these 2 classes of phenomena remain importantly distinct.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORIGAMI AND INTERIOR DESIGN RELATED SPACES MANIPULATION

.....................................................................................................3 Introduction...................................................................................................4 Chapter 1. History of Origami............................................................................. 5 Chapter 2. Evolution of Origami tessellations in 20-th century architecture........................7 Chapter 3. Kinetic system and Origami...................................................................9 3.1. Kinetic system................................................................................. 9 3.2. Geometric Origami............................................................................ 9 Chapter 4. Folding patterns................................................................................ 10 4.1. Yoshimura pattern (diamond pattern)........................................................ 11 4.2. Diagonal pattern..............................................................................11 4.3. Miura Ori pattern (herringbone pattern)...................................................11 Chapter 5. The origami house and impact on the furniture design.................................... 13
A physiologically plausible model of action selection and oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia.

The basal ganglia (BG) have long been implicated in both motor function and dysfunction. It has been proposed that the BG form a centralized action selection circuit, resolving conflict between multiple neural systems competing for access to the final common motor pathway. We present a new spiking neuron model of the BG circuitry to test this proposal, incorporating all major features and many physiologically plausible details. We include the following: effects of dopamine in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus (GP), transmission delays between neurons, and specific distributions of synaptic inputs over dendrites. All main parameters were derived from experimental studies. We find that the BG circuitry supports motor program selection and switching, which deteriorates under dopamine-depleted and dopamine-excessive conditions in a manner consistent with some pathologies associated with those dopamine states. We also validated the model against data describing oscillatory properties of BG. We find that the same model displayed detailed features of both gamma-band (30-80 Hz) and slow (approximately 1 Hz) oscillatory phenomena reported by Brown et al. (2002) and Magill et al. (2001), respectively. Only the parameters required to mimic experimental conditions (e.g., anesthetic) or manipulations (e.g., lesions) were changed. From the results, we derive the following novel predictions about the STN-GP feedback loop: (1) the loop is functionally decoupled by tonic dopamine under normal conditions and recoupled by dopamine depletion; (2) the loop does not show pacemaking activity under normal conditions in vivo (but does after combined dopamine depletion and cortical lesion); (3) the loop has a resonant frequency in the gamma-band.
A status on components development for folded micro NMR gyro

This paper reports on status of components development for miniaturized nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes (micro-NMRG). The reported components are (1) coils to generate and control the magnetic field, demonstrating experimental magnetic field to current ratio of B/I=214.1 uT/A and resulting in an estimated magnetic field homogeneity of H=354ppm, (2) a micro-fabricated spherical cells demonstrating confined alkali metal and noble gas, (3) a heater to keep the alkali metal in the vapor state, showing the capability of heating the micro-cell up to 160 degrees C with 1.44W of power, (4) backbone structure with integrated reflectors, demonstrating the ability to preserve 90.9% of initial light polarization. The introduced design utilized glassblowing process on a wafer-level for fabricating miniaturized NMR cell and 3D-folded-MEMS approach for fabricating the coils, heaters, and reflectors. The field homogeneity of the introduced coil design is capable of achieving the transverse-relaxation time of T2=7.5s. The projected ARW of the current design of micro-NMRG is 0.1 deg/rt-hr