nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Taxonomy-driven computation of product recommendations

Recommender systems have been subject to an enormous rise in popularity and research interest over the last ten years. At the same time, very large taxonomies for product classification are becoming increasingly prominent among e-commerce systems for diverse domains, rendering detailed machine-readable content descriptions feasible. Amazon.com makes use of an entire plethora of hand-crafted taxonomies classifying books, movies, apparel, and various other goods. We exploit such taxonomic background knowledge for the computation of personalized recommendations. Hereby, relationships between super-concepts and sub-concepts constitute an important cornerstone of our novel approach, providing powerful inference opportunities for profile generation based upon the classification of products that customers have chosen. Ample empirical analysis, both offline and online, demonstrates our proposal's superiority over common existing approaches when user information is sparse and implicit ratings prevail.
Effects of hydrogen and steam addition on laminar burning velocity of methane-air premixed flame : Experimental and numerical analysis

Effects of hydrogen enrichment and steam addition on laminar burning velocity of methaneeair premixed flame were studied both experimentally and numerically. Measurements were carried out using the slot burner method at 1 bar for fresh gases temperatures of 27 C and 57 C and for variable equivalence ratios going from 0.8 to 1.2. The hydrogen content in the fuel was varied from 0% to 30% in volume and the steam content in the air was varied from 0 to 112 g/kg (0e100% of relative humidity). Numerical calculations were performed using the COSILAB code with the GRI-Mech 3.0 mechanism for one-dimensional premixed flames. The calculations were implemented first at room temperature and pressure and then extended to higher temperatures (up to 917 K) and pressures (up to 50 bar). Measurements of laminar burning velocities of methanee hydrogeneair and methaneeairesteam agree with the GRI-Mech calculations and previous measurements from literature obtained by different methods. Results show that enrichment by hydrogen increases of the laminar burning velocity and the adiabatic flame temperature. The addition of steam to a methaneeair mixture noticeably decreases the burning velocity and the adiabatic flame temperature. Modeling shows that isentropic compression of fresh gases leads to the increase of laminar burning velocity.
TecLines: A MATLAB-Based Toolbox for Tectonic Lineament Analysis from Satellite Images and DEMs, Part 1: Line Segment Detection and Extraction

Geological structures, such as faults and fractures, appear as image discontinuities or lineaments in remote sensing data. Geologic lineament mapping is a very important issue in geo-engineering, especially for construction site selection, seismic, and risk assessment, mineral exploration and hydrogeological research. Classical methods of lineaments extraction are based on semi-automated (or visual) interpretation of optical data and digital elevation models. We developed a freely available Matlab based toolbox TecLines (Tectonic Lineament Analysis) for locating and quantifying lineament patterns using satellite data and digital elevation models. TecLines consists of a set of functions including frequency filtering, spatial filtering, tensor voting, Hough transformation, and polynomial fitting. Due to differences in the mathematical background of the edge detection and edge linking procedure as well as the breadth of the methods, we introduce the approach in two-parts. In this first study, we present the steps that lead to edge detection. We introduce the data pre-processing using selected filters in spatial and frequency domains. We then describe the application of the tensor-voting framework to improve position and length accuracies of the detected lineaments. We demonstrate the robustness of the approach in a complex area in the northeast of Afghanistan using a panchromatic QUICKBIRD-2 image with 1-meter resolution. Finally, we compare the results of TecLines with manual lineament extraction, and other lineament extraction algorithms, as well as a published fault map of the study area. OPEN ACCESS Remote Sens. 2014, 6 5939
Microplane Model for Fracturing Damage of Triaxially Braided Fiber-Polymer Composites

A material model for the fracturing behavior for braided composites is developed and implemented in a material subroutine for use in the commercial explicit finite element code ABAQUS. The subroutine is based on the microplane model in which the constitutive behavior is defined not in terms of stress and strain tensors and their invariants but in terms of stress and strain vectors in the material mesostructure called the “microplanes.” This is a semi-multiscale model, which captures the interactions between inelastic phenomena such as cracking, splitting, and frictional slipping occurring on planes of various orientations though not the interactions at a distance. To avoid spurious mesh sensitivity due to softening, the crack band model is adopted. Its band width, related to the material characteristic length, serves as the localization limiter. It is shown that the model can realistically predict the orthotropic elastic constants and the strength limits. More importantly, the present model can also fit the tests of size effect on the strength of notched specimens and the post-peak behavior, which have been conducted for this purpose. When used in the ABAQUS software, the model gives a realistic picture of the axial crushing of a braided tube by a divergent plug. !DOI: 10.1115/1.4003102"
A Bridge Between Hyperparameter Optimization and Larning-to-learn

We consider a class of a nested optimization problems involving inner and outer objectives. We observe that by taking into explicit account the optimization dynamics for the inner objective it is possible to derive a general framework that unifies gradient-based hyperparameter optimization and meta-learning (or learning-to-learn). Depending on the specific setting, the variables of the outer objective take either the meaning of hyperparameters in a supervised learning problem or parameters of a meta-learner. We show that some recently proposed methods in the latter setting can be instantiated in our framework and tackled with the same gradient-based algorithms. Finally, we discuss possible design patterns for learning-to-learn and present encouraging preliminary experiments for few-shot learning.
A Multicore Operating System with QoS Guarantees for Network Audio Applications

This paper is about the role of the operating system (OS) within computer nodes of network audio systems. While many efforts in the network-audio community focus on low-latency network protocols, here we highlight the importance of the OS for network audio applications. We present Tessellation, an experimental OS tailored to multicore processors. We show how specific OS features, such as guaranteed resource allocation and customizable user-level runtimes, can help ensure quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees for data transmission and audio signal processing, especially in scenarios where network bandwidth and processing resources are shared between applications. To demonstrate performance isolation and service guarantees, we benchmark Tessellation under different conditions using a resource-demanding network audio application. Our results show that Tessellation can be used to create low-latency network audio systems.
Joint Compression of Near-Duplicate Videos

The expanding social network and multimedia technologies encourage more and more people to store and transmit information in visual format, such as image and video. However, the cost of this convenience brings about a shock to traditional video severs and exposes them under the risk of overloading. In the huge volume of online videos, there are a large amount of near-duplicate videos (NDVs). Although quite a number of research work have been proposed to detect NDVs, little research effort is made to compress these NDVs in a more effective manner than independent video compression. In this study, we make an in-depth exploration of the data redundancy of NDVs and propose a video analysis and coding framework to jointly compress NDVs. In order to employ the proposed NDV analysis and coding framework, a graph-based similar video grouping method and a number of preprocessing functions are designed to explore the correlation of visual information among NDVs and thus suit the requirement of joint video coding. Experimental results verify that the proposed NDV analysis and coding framework is able to effectively compress NDVs and thus save video data storage.
Eff ect of fenofi brate on the need for laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy ( FIELD study ) : a randomised controlled trial

The Fenofi brate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study was a multinational randomised trial of 9795 patients aged 50–75 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive fenofi brate 200 mg/day (n=4895) or matching placebo (n=4900). At each clinic visit, information concerning laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy—a prespecifi ed tertiary endpoint of the main study—was gathered. Adjudication by ophthalmologists masked to treatment allocation defi ned instances of laser treatment for macular oedema, proliferative retinopathy, or other eye conditions. In a substudy of 1012 patients, standardised retinal photography was done and photographs graded with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) criteria to determine the cumulative incidence of diabetic retinopathy and its component lesions. Analyses were by intention to treat.
Alobar holoprosencephaly with unfused thalami: A rare variety of holoprosencephaly

Holoprosencephaly with unfused thalami is a rare malformation involving the forebrain and the face. The epidemiology of the disease is poorly known due to paucity of population based studies.  A 32-year-old grand multipara at 27th week gestation found on routine ultrasound examination to have a single live fetus with the fetal head showing dilated single cerebral ventricle, with no evidence of anterior midline echo (falx, inter hemispheric cistern and septum pellucidum). The thalami appear relatively small but not fused with a thin midline linear echoic septum separating them. Two subsequent sonograms at 30th and 33rd weeks of pregnancy, including coronal sonograms of the fetal head, correctly identified a dilated single cerebral ventricle. There was no history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension or previously affected child. Pregnancy termination was done on the couple’s request, because of the poor fetal prognosis. Postmortem clinical examination revealed a female newborn with normal body structure. The couple declined consent for autopsy.  Alobar holoprosencephaly with unfused thalami is a rare and severe variety of holoprosencephaly with poorly understood aetiology and poor prognosis. (This page in not part of the published article.) ]   Alobar holoprosencephaly with unfused thalami: A rare variety of holoprosencephaly Abubakar A., Sanusi Mohammed Ibrahim, Ahidjo A., Tahir A.
Implementing NB-IoT in Software - Experiences Using the srsLTE Library

NB-IoT is the 3GPP standard for machine-tomachine communications, recently finalized within LTE release 13. This article gives a brief overview about this new LTE-based radio access technology and presents a implementation developed using the srsLTE software radio suite. We also carry out a performance study in which we compare a theoretical analysis with experimental results obtained in our testbed. Furthermore, we provide some interesting details and share our experience in exploring one of the worldwide first commercial NB-IoT deployments. NB-IoT, LTE, Software Defined Radio,
Universal, Unsupervised, Uncovered Sentiment Analysis

We present a novel unsupervised approach for multilingual sentiment analysis driven by compositional syntax-based rules. On the one hand, we exploit some of the main advantages of unsupervised algorithms: (1) the interpretability of their output , in contrast with most supervised models , which behave as a black box and (2) their robustness across different corpora and domains. On the other hand, by introducing the concept of compositional operations and exploiting syntactic information in the form of universal dependencies , we tackle one of their main drawbacks: their rigidity on data that are differently structured depending on the language. Experiments show an improvement both over existing unsupervised methods, and over state-of-the-art supervised models when evaluating outside their corpus of origin. The system is freely available 1 .
Estimating, planning and managing Agile Web development projects under a value-based perspective

The processes of estimating, planning and managing are crucial for software development projects, since the results must be related to several business strategies. The broad expansion of the Internet and the global and interconnected economy make Web development projects be often characterized by expressions like delivering as soon as possible, reducing time to market and adapting to undefined requirements. In this kind of environment, traditional methodologies based on predictive techniques sometimes do not offer very satisfactory results. The rise of Agile methodologies and practices has provided some useful tools that, combined with Web Engineering techniques, can help to establish a framework to estimate, manage and plan Web development projects.  This paper presents a proposal for estimating, planning and managing Web projects, by combining some existing Agile techniques with Web Engineering principles, presenting them as an unified framework which uses the business value to guide the delivery of features.  The proposal is analyzed by means of a case study, including a real-life project, in order to obtain relevant conclusions.  The results achieved after using the framework in a development project are presented, including interesting results on project planning and estimation, as well as on team productivity throughout the project.  It is concluded that the framework can be useful in order to better manage Web-based projects, through a continuous value-based estimation and management process.
Antimicrobial peptide expression in a wild tobacco plant reveals the limits of host-microbe-manipulations in the field

Plant-microbe associations are thought to be beneficial for plant growth and resistance against biotic or abiotic stresses, but for natural ecosystems, the ecological analysis of microbiome function remains in its infancy. We used transformed wild tobacco plants (Nicotiana attenuata) which constitutively express an antimicrobial peptide (Mc-AMP1) of the common ice plant, to establish an ecological tool for plant-microbe studies in the field. Transgenic plants showed in planta activity against plant-beneficial bacteria and were phenotyped within the plants´ natural habitat regarding growth, fitness and the resistance against herbivores. Multiple field experiments, conducted over 3 years, indicated no differences compared to isogenic controls. Pyrosequencing analysis of the root-associated microbial communities showed no major alterations but marginal effects at the genus level. Experimental infiltrations revealed a high heterogeneity in peptide tolerance among native isolates and suggests that the diversity of natural microbial communities can be a major obstacle for microbiome manipulations in nature.
Anti-inflammatory and radical scavenge effects of Arctium lappa.

The effects of Arctium lappa L. (root) on anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenger activity were investigated. Subcutaneous administration of A. lappa crude extract significantly decreased carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. When simultaneously treated with CCl4, it produced pronounced activities against CCl4-induced acute liver damage. The free radical scavenging activity of its crude extract was also examined by means of an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. The IC50 of A. lappa extract on superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenger activity was 2.06 mg/ml and 11.8 mg/ml, respectively. These findings suggest that Arctium lappa possess free radical scavenging activity. The inhibitory effects on carrageenan-induced paw edema and CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity could be due to the scavenging effect of A. lappa.
Membership Turnover and Collaboration Success in Online Communities: Explaining Rises

Firms increasingly turn to online communities to create valuable information. These communities are empowered by new information technology-enabled collaborative tools, tools such as blogs, wikis, and social networks. Collaboration on these platforms is characterized by considerable membership turnover, which could have significant effects on collaborative outcomes. We hypothesize that membership retention relates in a curvilinear fashion to effective collaboration: positively up to a threshold and negatively thereafter. The longitudinal history of 2,065 featured articles on Wikipedia offers support for this hypotheses: Contributions from a mixture of new and experienced participants both increases the likelihood that an article will be promoted to featured article status and decreases the risk it will be demoted after having been promoted. These findings imply that, contrary to many of the assumptions in previous research, participant retention does not have a strictly positive effect on emerging collaborative environments. Further analysis of our data provides empirical evidence that knowledge creation and knowledge retention are actually distinct phases of community-based peer production, and that communities may on average experience more turnover than ideal during the knowledge retention phase.
Adaptive Mobility Load Balancing Algorithm for LTE Small-Cell Networks

Small cells were introduced to support high data-rate services and for dense deployment. Owing to user equipment (UE) mobility and small-cell coverage, the load across a small-cell network recurrently becomes unbalanced. Such unbalanced loads result in performance degradation in throughput and handover success and can even cause radio link failure. In this paper, we propose a mobility load balancing algorithm for small-cell networks by adapting network load status and considering load estimation. To that end, the proposed algorithm adjusts handover parameters depending on the overloaded cells and adjacent cells. Resource usage depends on signal qualities and traffic demands of connected UEs in long-term evolution. Hence, we define a resource block-utilization ratio as a measurement of cell load and employ an adaptive threshold to determine overloaded cells, according to the network load situation. Moreover, to avoid performance oscillation, the impact of moving loads on the network is considered. Through system-level simulations, the performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in various environments. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides a more balanced load across networks (i.e., smaller standard deviation across the cells) and higher network throughput than previous algorithms.
Non-invasive blood glucose measurement

Impedance of blood relatively affected by blood-glucose concentration. Blood electrical impedance value is varied with the content of blood glucose in a human body. This characteristic between glucose and electrical impedance has been proven by using four electrode method's measurement. The bioelectrical voltage output shows a difference between fasting and non-fasting blood glucose measured by using designed four tin lead alloy electrode. 10 test subjects ages between 20-25 years old are UniMAP student has been participated in this experiment and measurement of blood glucose using current clinical measurement and designed device is obtained. Preliminary study using the developed device, has shown that glucose value in the range of 4-5mol/Liter having the range of 0.500V to -1.800V during fasting, and 0.100V or less during normal glucose condition, 5 to 11 mol/liter. On the other hand, It also shows that prediction of blood glucose using this design device could achieve relevant for measurement accuracy compared to gold standard measurement, the hand prick invasive measurement. This early result has support that there is an ample scope in blood electrical study for the non-invasive blood glucose measurement.
A visual and interactive automata theory course emphasizing breadth of automata

Teaching Theory of Computation and learning it are both challenging tasks. Moreover, students are not sufficiently interested/motivated to learn this material since: (i) they believe that the material is dated and of little use and (ii) it is too abstract and difficult. To counter the first perception, we have developed materials to illustrate the breadth of finite automata concepts. To overcome the second problem we have: enhanced and integrated visualization software and historical background into newly-devloped materials including homeworks and slides for lectures. Most of the materials are available at a web site for the course that we developed. Our preliminary experience is positive overall, but there are some remaining concerns.
The elusive memristor : properties of basic electrical circuits

We present an introduction to and a tutorial on the properties of the recently discovered ideal circuit element, a memristor. By definition, a memristor M relates the charge q and the magnetic flux φ in a circuit and complements a resistor R, a capacitor C and an inductor L as an ingredient of ideal electrical circuits. The properties of these three elements and their circuits are a part of the standard curricula. The existence of the memristor as the fourth ideal circuit element was predicted in 1971 based on symmetry arguments, but was clearly experimentally demonstrated just last year. We present the properties of a single memristor, memristors in series and parallel, as well as ideal memristor–capacitor (MC), memristor–inductor (ML) and memristor– capacitor–inductor (MCL) circuits. We find that the memristor has hysteretic current–voltage characteristics. We show that the ideal MC (ML) circuit undergoes non-exponential charge (current) decay with two time scales and that by switching the polarity of the capacitor, an ideal MCL circuit can be tuned from overdamped to underdamped. We present simple models which show that these unusual properties are closely related to the memristor’s internal dynamics. This tutorial complements the pedagogy of ideal circuit elements (R,C and L) and the properties of their circuits, and is aimed at undergraduate physics and electrical engineering students. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
Pg-Trajectory: A PostgreSQL/PostGIS Based Data Model for Spatiotemporal Trajectories

Due to the tremendous advances in GPS and location-based web services, highly available spatiotemporal trajectory data poses an important challenge - knowledge discovery from trajectories. Knowledge discovery tasks on trajectory big data such as classification, clustering and outlier detection require a dedicated data model, which can support various utility functions and provide a robust object-relational mapping. This paper introduces PG-TRAJECTORY, a data model extension for the popular open source database management system PostgreSQL. Our data model is built on PostGIS, the spatial database extender of PostgreSQL. Apart from providing a data model, PG-TRAJECTORY contains a wide range of functions for storing and manipulating spatiotemporal trajectories. Throughout the paper, we discuss the basic structure of our data model with the working principles of the functions, and show a set of real life query examples. Finally, we present the results of our experimental evaluation to demonstrate the scalability and effectiveness of our data model.