nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Face Mask Extraction in Video Sequence

Inspired by the recent development of deep network-based methods in semantic image segmentation, we introduce an end-to-end trainable model for face mask extraction in video sequence. Comparing to landmark-based sparse face shape representation, our method can produce the segmentation masks of individual facial components, which can better reflect their detailed shape variations. By integrating convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) algorithm with fully convolutional networks (FCN), our new ConvLSTM-FCN model works on a per-sequence basis and takes advantage of the temporal correlation in video clips. In addition, we also propose a novel loss function, called segmentation loss, to directly optimise the intersection over union (IoU) performances. In practice, to further increase segmentation accuracy, one primary model and two additional models were trained to focus on the face, eyes, and mouth regions, respectively. Our experiment shows the proposed method has achieved a 16.99% relative improvement (from 54.50 to 63.76% mean IoU) over the baseline FCN model on the 300 Videos in the Wild (300VW) dataset.
Enhanced Hole Transport in Short-Channel Strained-SiGe p-MOSFETs

Hole mobility and velocity are extracted from scaled strained-Si0.45Ge0.55 channel p-MOSFETs on insulator. Devices have been fabricated with sub-100-nm gate lengths, demonstrating hole mobility and velocity enhancements in strained- Si0.45Ge0.55 channel devices relative to Si. The effective hole mobility is extracted utilizing the dR/dL method. A hole mobility enhancement is observed relative to Si hole universal mobility for short-channel devices with gate lengths ranging from 65 to 150 nm. Hole velocities extracted using several different methods are compared. The hole velocity of strained-SiGe p-MOSFETs is enhanced over comparable Si control devices. The hole velocity enhancements extracted are on the order of 30%. Ballistic velocity simulations suggest that the addition of (110) uniaxial compressive strain to Si0.45Ge0.55 can result in a more substantial increase in velocity relative to relaxed Si.
Spatial-based topic modelling using wikidata knowledge base

Topic modelling is a well-studied field that aims to identify topics from traditional documents such as news articles and reports. More recently, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and its variants, have been applied on social media platforms to model and study topics relating to sports, politics and companies. While these applications were able to successfully identify the general topics, we posit that standard LDA can be augmented with spatial and temporal considerations based on the geo-coordinates and timestamps of social media posts. Towards this effort, we propose a spatial and temporal variant of LDA to better detect more specific topics, such as a particular art exhibit held at a museum or a security incident happening on a particular day. We validate our approach on a Twitter dataset and find that the detected topics are well-aligned to real-life events happening on the specific days and locations.
A Review of the Research in Emotionally Focused Therapy for Couples.

Emotionally Focused Therapy for Couples (EFT) is a brief evidence-based couple therapy based in attachment theory. Since the development of EFT, efficacy and effectiveness research has accumulated to address a range of couple concerns. EFT meets or exceeds the guidelines for classification as an evidence-based couple therapy outlined for couple and family research. Furthermore, EFT researchers have examined the process of change and predictors of outcome in EFT. Future research in EFT will continue to examine the process of change in EFT and test the efficacy and effectiveness of EFT in new applications and for couples of diverse backgrounds and concerns.
Data security in cloud computing

This paper discusses the security of data in cloud computing. It is a study of data in the cloud and aspects related to it concerning security. The paper will go in to details of data protection methods and approaches used throughout the world to ensure maximum data protection by reducing risks and threats. Availability of data in the cloud is beneficial for many applications but it poses risks by exposing data to applications which might already have security loopholes in them. Similarly, use of virtualization for cloud computing might risk data when a guest OS is run over a hypervisor without knowing the reliability of the guest OS which might have a security loophole in it. The paper will also provide an insight on data security aspects for Data-in-Transit and Data-at-Rest. The study is based on all the levels of SaaS (Software as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service) and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service).
The Feet in Human-Computer Interaction: A Survey of Foot-Based Interaction

Foot-operated computer interfaces have been studied since the inception of human--computer interaction. Thanks to the miniaturisation and decreasing cost of sensing technology, there is an increasing interest exploring this alternative input modality, but no comprehensive overview of its research landscape. In this survey, we review the literature on interfaces operated by the lower limbs. We investigate the characteristics of users and how they affect the design of such interfaces. Next, we describe and analyse foot-based research prototypes and commercial systems in how they capture input and provide feedback. We then analyse the interactions between users and systems from the perspective of the actions performed in these interactions. Finally, we discuss our findings and use them to identify open questions and directions for future research.
BiNE: Bipartite Network Embedding

This work develops a representation learning method for bipartite networks. While existing works have developed various embedding methods for network data, they have primarily focused on homogeneous networks in general and overlooked the special properties of bipartite networks. As such, these methods can be suboptimal for embedding bipartite networks. In this paper, we propose a new method named BiNE, short for Bipartite Network Embedding, to learn the vertex representations for bipartite networks. By performing biased random walks purposefully, we generate vertex sequences that can well preserve the long-tail distribution of vertices in the original bipartite network. We then propose a novel optimization framework by accounting for both the explicit relations (i.e., observed links) and implicit relations (i.e., unobserved but transitive links) in learning the vertex representations. We conduct extensive experiments on several real datasets covering the tasks of link prediction (classification), recommendation (personalized ranking), and visualization. Both quantitative results and qualitative analysis verify the effectiveness and rationality of our BiNE method.
Complex trauma in children and adolescents: evidence-based practice in clinical settings.

Complex trauma (CT) results from exposure to severe stressors that occur within the caregiver system or with another presumably responsible adult, are repetitive, and begin in childhood or adolescence. As a result, many of these children and adolescents experience lifelong difficulties related to self-regulation, relationships, psychological symptoms, alterations in attention and consciousness, self-injury, identity, and cognitive distortions. The aims of this article include the following: (a) to examine several representative approaches identified as treatments for children and adolescents exposed to CT with respect to similarities and differences; (b) to examine representative evidence of model effectiveness; (c) to discuss how these approaches are and/or could be implemented in clinical practice; and (d) to suggest research designs that would facilitate greater translation of effective treatment into clinical settings.
Familial occurrence of imperforate hymen.

Imperforate hymen is uncommon, occurring in 0.1 % of newborn females. Non-syndromic familial occurrence of imperforate hymen is extremely rare and has been reported only three times in the English literature. The authors describe two cases in a family across two generations, one presenting with chronic cyclical abdominal pain and the other acutely. There were no other significant reproductive or systemic abnormalities in either case. Imperforate hymen occurs mostly in a sporadic manner, although rare familial cases do occur. Both the recessive and the dominant modes of transmission have been suggested. However, no genetic markers or mutations have been proven as etiological factors. Evaluating all female relatives of the affected patients at an early age can lead to early diagnosis and treatment in an asymptomatic case.
IoT Based Precision Agriculture using Agribot

More than 60 percent of the population in the India, agriculture as the primary sector occupation. In recent years, due increase in labor shortage interest has grown for the development of the autonomous vehicles like robots in the agriculture. An robot called agribot have been designed for agricultural purposes. It is designed to minimize the labor of farmers in addition to increasing the speed and accuracy of the work. It performs the elementary functions involved in farming i.e. spraying of pesticide, sowing of seeds, and so on. Spraying pesticides especially important for the workers in the area of potentially harmful for the safety and health of the workers. This is especially important for the workers in the area of potentially harmful for the safety and health of the workers. The Proposed system aims at designing multipurpose autonomous agricultural robotic vehicle which can be controlled through IoT for seeding and spraying of pesticides. These robots are used to reduce human intervention, ensuring high yield and efficient utilization of resources. KeywordsIoT, Agribot, Sprayer,
Configuring participation: on how we involve people in design

The term 'participation' is traditionally used in HCI to describe the involvement of users and stakeholders in design processes, with a pretext of distributing control to participants to shape their technological future. In this paper we ask whether these values can hold up in practice, particularly as participation takes on new meanings and incorporates new perspectives. We argue that much HCI research leans towards configuring participation. In exploring this claim we explore three questions that we consider important for understanding how HCI configures participation; Who initiates, directs and benefits from user participation in design? In what forms does user participation occur? How is control shared with users in design? In answering these questions we consider the conceptual, ethical and pragmatic problems this raises for current participatory HCI research. Finally, we offer directions for future work explicitly dealing with the configuration of participation.
PLANAR SATCOM ANTENNA SYSTEMS IN KA-BAND ESA / ESTEC , NOORDWIJK , THE NETHERLANDS 3-5 OCTOBER 2012

Nomadic and mobile satellite communication (satcom) services for broadband applications are becoming more and more popular every day. Ka-band terminals are favored for the next generation of satcom terminals. Key results of two Ka-band projects (SANTANA & KASANOVA) are summarized and typical features of such satcom systems are addressed.
The LINK-A lncRNA interacts with PI(3,4,5)P3 to hyperactivate AKT and confer resistance to AKT inhibitors

Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 or PIP3) mediates signalling pathways as a second messenger in response to extracellular signals. Although primordial functions of phospholipids and RNAs have been hypothesized in the ‘RNA world’, physiological RNA–phospholipid interactions and their involvement in essential cellular processes have remained a mystery. We explicate the contribution of lipid-binding long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer cells. Among them, long intergenic non-coding RNA for kinase activation (LINK-A) directly interacts with the AKT pleckstrin homology domain and PIP3 at the single-nucleotide level, facilitating AKT–PIP3 interaction and consequent enzymatic activation. A-dependent AKT hyperactivation leads to tumorigenesis and resistance to AKT inhibitors. Genomic deletions of the LINK-A PIP3-binding motif dramatically sensitized breast cancer cells to AKT inhibitors. Furthermore, meta-analysis showed the correlation between LINK-A expression and incidence of a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs12095274: A > G), AKT phosphorylation status, and poor outcomes for breast and lung cancer patients. PIP3-binding lncRNA modulates AKT activation with broad clinical implications.
The potential of organoids in urological cancer research

Technical advances in the development of organoid systems enable cell lines, primary adult cells, or stem or progenitor cells to develop into diverse, multicellular entities, which can self-renew, self-organize, and differentiate. These 3D organoid cultures have proven to be of value in increasing our understanding of the biology of disease and offer the potential of regenerative and genetic therapies. The successful application of 3D organoids derived from adult tissue into urological cancer research can further our understanding of these diseases and could also provide preclinical cancer models to realize the precision medicine paradigm by therapeutic screening of individual patient samples ex vivo. Kidney organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells provide personalized biomarkers, which can be correlated with genetic and clinical information. Organoid models can also improve our comprehension of aspects of particular diseases; for example, in prostate cancer, 3D organoids can aid in the identification of tumour-initiating cells from an epithelial cell lineage. Furthermore, kidney organoid differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells enables gene editing to model disease in kidney tubular epithelial cells. State-of-the-art human organoid cultures have potential as tools in basic and clinical research in renal, bladder, and prostatic diseases.
P3-228 Chip and HSP70 regulate tau ubiquitination, degradation and aggregation

Molecular chaperones, ubiquitin ligases and proteasome impairment have been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, which are characterized by accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates (e.g. tau and alpha-synuclein respectively). Here we report that CHIP, an ubiquitin ligase that interacts directly with Hsp70/90, induces ubiquitination of the microtubule associated protein, tau. CHIP also increases tau aggregation. Consistent with this observation, diverse of tau lesions in human postmortem tissue were found to be immunopositive for CHIP. Conversely, induction of Hsp70 through treatment with either geldanamycin or heat shock factor 1 leads to a decrease in tau steady-state levels and a selective reduction in detergent insoluble tau. Furthermore, 30-month-old mice overexpressing inducible Hsp70 show a significant reduction in tau levels. Together these data demonstrate that the Hsp70/CHIP chaperone system plays an important role in the regulation of tau turnover and the selective elimination of abnormal tau species. Hsp70/CHIP may therefore play an important role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies and also represents a potential therapeutic target.
Fpga Based High Speed Parallel Cyclic Redundancy Check

Error correction codes provides a mean to detect and correct errors introduced by the transmission channel. This paper presents a high-speed parallel cyclic redundancy check (CRC) implementation based on unfolding, pipelining, and retiming algorithms. CRC architectures are first pipelined to reduce the iteration bound by using novel look-ahead pipelining methods and then unfolded and retimed to design high-speed parallel circuits. The study and implementation using Verilog HDL. Modelsim Xilinx Edition (MXE) will be used for simulation and functional verification. Xilinx ISE will be used for synthesis and bit file generation. The Xilinx Chip scope will be used to test the results on Spartan 3E
MaD TwinNet: Masker-Denoiser Architecture with Twin Networks for Monaural Sound Source Separation

Monaural singing voice separation task focuses on the prediction of the singing voice from a single channel music mixture signal. Current state of the art (SOTA) results in monaural singing voice separation are obtained with deep learning based methods. In this work we present a novel recurrent neural approach that learns long-term temporal patterns and structures of a musical piece. We build upon the recently proposed Masker-Denoiser (MaD) architecture and we enhance it with the Twin Networks, a technique to regularize a recurrent generative network using a backward running copy of the network. We evaluate our method using the Demixing Secret Dataset and we obtain an increment to signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR) of 0.37 dB and to signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of 0.23 dB, compared to previous SOTA results.
Woody biomass pretreatment for cellulosic ethanol production: Technology and energy consumption evaluation.

This review presents a comprehensive discussion of the key technical issues in woody biomass pretreatment: barriers to efficient cellulose saccharification, pretreatment energy consumption, in particular energy consumed for wood-size reduction, and criteria to evaluate the performance of a pretreatment. A post-chemical pretreatment size-reduction approach is proposed to significantly reduce mechanical energy consumption. Because the ultimate goal of biofuel production is net energy output, a concept of pretreatment energy efficiency (kg/MJ) based on the total sugar recovery (kg/kg wood) divided by the energy consumption in pretreatment (MJ/kg wood) is defined. It is then used to evaluate the performances of three of the most promising pretreatment technologies: steam explosion, organosolv, and sulfite pretreatment to overcome lignocelluloses recalcitrance (SPORL) for softwood pretreatment. The present study found that SPORL is the most efficient process and produced highest sugar yield. Other important issues, such as the effects of lignin on substrate saccharification and the effects of pretreatment on high-value lignin utilization in woody biomass pretreatment, are also discussed.
Maximum Power Point Tracking Methods for Wind and Solar Conversion Systems for Standalone Generation PSIM based Perturb and Observe Method

Among all the renewable resources, wind and solar are the most popular resources due to its ease of availability and its ease conversion into electricity. Each renewable resource uses DC/DC boost converter separately with MPPT control to generate power. To increase the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) system and wind energy system, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology is employed. Perturb and Observe MPPT technique is used for PV system in which dc voltage is used as perturbation variable. While in wind energy system, perturbation variable as a dc current is used in modified perturb and observe MPPT algorithm. Modified perturb and observe algorithm is stable and tracks fast for sudden wind speed change conditions. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique used with boost converter extracts maximum power from the source when it is available. Simulation of both the renewable energy sources is carried out separately in PSIM 9.0 with different MPPT types of techniques.
Vesicle formation during reticulocyte maturation. Association of plasma membrane activities with released vesicles (exosomes).

Vesicles are released during the in vitro culture of sheep reticulocytes which can be harvested by centrifugation at 100,000 X g for 90 min. These vesicles contain a number of activities, characteristic of the reticulocyte plasma membrane, which are known to diminish or disappear upon reticulocyte maturation. The activities include acetylcholinesterase, cytochalasin B binding (glucose transporter) nucleoside binding (i.e. nucleoside transporter), Na+-independent amino acid transport, and the transferrin receptor. Enzymes of cytosolic origin are not detectable or are present at low activity in the vesicles. Cultures of whole blood, mature red cells, or white cells do not yield comparable levels of these activities, supporting the conclusion that the activities arise from the reticulocytes. In addition, the lipid composition of the vesicles shows the high sphingomyelin content characteristic of sheep red cell plasma membranes, but not white cell or platelet membranes, also consistent with the conclusion that the vesicles are of reticulocyte origin. It is suggested that vesicle externalization may be a mechanism for shedding of specific membrane functions which are known to diminish during maturation of reticulocytes to erythrocytes.
Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats

Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage that combines the action of the 5-HT2A/2C agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Psychotria viridis with the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) induced by beta-carbonyls from Banisteriopsis caapi. Previous investigations have highlighted the involvement of ayahuasca with the activation of brain regions known to be involved with episodic memory, contextual associations and emotional processing after ayahuasca ingestion. Moreover long term users show better performance in neuropsychological tests when tested in off-drug condition. This study evaluated the effects of long-term administration of ayahuasca on Morris water maze (MWM), fear conditioning and elevated plus maze (EPM) performance in rats. Behavior tests started 48h after the end of treatment. Freeze-dried ayahuasca doses of 120, 240 and 480 mg/kg were used, with water as the control. Long-term administration consisted of a daily oral dose for 30 days by gavage. The behavioral data indicated that long-term ayahuasca administration did not affect the performance of animals in MWM and EPM tasks. However the dose of 120 mg/kg increased the contextual conditioned fear response for both background and foreground fear conditioning. The tone conditioned response was not affected after long-term administration. In addition, the increase in the contextual fear response was maintained during the repeated sessions several weeks after training. Taken together, these data showed that long-term ayahuasca administration in rats can interfere with the contextual association of emotional events, which is in agreement with the fact that the beverage activates brain areas related to these processes.
Road Type Recognition Using Neural Networks for Vehicle Seat Vibration Damping

In a modern vehicle systems one of the main goals to achieve is driver's safety, and many sophisticated systems are made for that purpose. Vibration isolation for the vehicle seats, and at the same time for the driver, is one of the challenging problems. Parameters of the controller used for the isolation can be tuned for a different road types, making the isolation better (specially for the vehicles like dampers, tractors, field machinery, bulldozers, etc.). In this paper we propose the method where neural networks are used for road type recognition. The main goal is to obtain a good road recognition for the purpose of better vibration damping of a driver's semi active controllable seat. The recognition of a specific road type will be based on the measurable parameters of a vehicle. Discrete Fourier Transform of measurable parameters is obtained and used for the neural network learning. The dimension of the input vector, as the main parameter that decides the speed of road recognition, is varied.