nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: a theory of gender and health.

Men in the United States suffer more severe chronic conditions, have higher death rates for all 15 leading causes of death, and die nearly 7 yr younger than women. Health-related beliefs and behaviours are important contributors to these differences. Men in the United States are more likely than women to adopt beliefs and behaviours that increase their risks, and are less likely to engage in behaviours that are linked with health and longevity. In an attempt to explain these differences, this paper proposes a relational theory of men's health from a social constructionist and feminist perspective. It suggests that health-related beliefs and behaviours, like other social practices that women and men engage in, are a means for demonstrating femininities and masculinities. In examining constructions of masculinity and health within a relational context, this theory proposes that health behaviours are used in daily interactions in the social structuring of gender and power. It further proposes that the social practices that undermine men's health are often signifiers of masculinity and instruments that men use in the negotiation of social power and status. This paper explores how factors such as ethnicity, economic status, educational level, sexual orientation and social context influence the kind of masculinity that men construct and contribute to differential health risks among men in the United States. It also examines how masculinity and health are constructed in relation to femininities and to institutional structures, such as the health care system. Finally, it explores how social and institutional structures help to sustain and reproduce men's health risks and the social construction of men as the stronger sex.
A Compact Microstrip Slot Triple-Band Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

A compact triple-band microstrip slot antenna applied to WLAN/WiMAX applications is proposed in this letter. This antenna has a simpler structure than other antennas designed for realizing triple-band characteristics. It is just composed of a microstrip feed line, a substrate, and a ground plane on which some simple slots are etched. Then, to prove the validation of the design, a prototype is fabricated and measured. The experimental data show that the antenna can provide three impedance bandwidths of 600 MHz centered at 2.7 GHz, 430 MHz centered at 3.5 GHz, and 1300 MHz centered at 5.6 GHz.
Capacity theorems for the relay channel

A relay channel consists of an input x,, a relay output yl, a cJmnnel output y, and a relay sender x2 (whose trasmission is allowed to depend on the past symbols y,). l%e dependence of the received symbols upm the inpnts is given by p(y,y,lx,,x,). ‘l%e channel is assumed to be memoryless. In this paper the following capacity theorems are proved. 1) Ifyisadegnukdformofy,,the.n C-m=Phx2) min(l(X,,X,; Y),I(X,; Y,lX&). 2) Ify,isadegradedformofy,tben C==maxpcx,) m=JXI; Ylx2). 3) If p(y,yllx,,x2) is an arWnuy relay chaonel 4th feedback from Crud to both x1 and ~2, then C=maXpcx,.x*, min(W,,X*; Y)J(x,; y9 Y,lX3). 4) For a general relay channel, C< max+,,,d min(Z(Xl,X2; YMX,; K Y,lXJ. Superposition block Markov encoding is used to show achievabiiity of C, and converses are established. ‘Ihe capacities of the Gaussian relay dumWI and certain discrete relay channels are evaluated. Finally, an acbievable lower bound to the capacity of the general relay channel is established. Manuscript received December 1, 1977; revised September 28, 1978. This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant ENG76-03684, JSEP NooOl6-67-A-oOI2-oSdI, and Stanford Research Institute Contract DAHC-15-C-0187. This work was presented at the International Symposium on Information Theory, Grigano, Italy, June 25-27, 1979. T. M. Cover is with the Departments of Electrical Engineering and Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305. A. A. El Gamal is with the Department of Electrical Engineering Systems, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90007.
Using support vector machines to detect medical fraud and abuse

This paper examines the architecture and efficacy of Quash, an automated medical bill processing system capable of bill routing and abuse detection. Quash is designed to be used in conjunction with human auditors and a standard bill review software platform to provide a complete cost containment solution for medical claims. The primary contribution of Quash is to provide a real world speed up for medical fraud detection experts in their work. There will be a discussion of implementation details and preliminary experimental results. In this paper we are entirely focused on medical data and billing patterns that occur within the United States, though these results should be applicable to any financial transaction environment in which structured coding data can be mined.
Power and Information Technology Research: A Metatriangulation Review

This study uses a metatriangulation approach to explore the relationships between power and information technology impacts, development or deployment, and management or use in a sample Jasperson et al./Power & IT Research 398 MIS Quarterly Vol. 26 No. 4/December 2002 of 82 articles from 12 management and MIS journals published between 1980 and 1999. We explore the multiple paradigms underlying this research by applying two sets of lenses to examine the major findings from our sample. The technological imperative, organizational imperative , and emergent perspectives (Markus and Robey 1988) are used as one set of lenses to better understand researchers' views regarding the causal structure between IT and organizational power. A second set of lenses, which includes the rational, pluralist, interpretive, and radical perspectives (Bradshaw-Camball and Murray 1991), is used to focus on researchers' views of the role of power and different IT outcomes. We apply each lens separately to describe patterns emerging from the previous power and IT studies. In addition, we discuss the similarities and differences that occur when the two sets of lenses are simultaneously applied. We draw from this discussion to develop metaconjectures, (i.e., propositions that can be interpreted from multiple perspectives), and to suggest guidelines for studying power in future research.
Aligning Sentences from Standard Wikipedia to Simple Wikipedia

This work improves monolingual sentence alignment for text simplification, specifically for text in standard and simple Wikipedia. We introduce a method that improves over past efforts by using a greedy (vs. ordered) search over the document and a word-level semantic similarity score based on Wiktionary (vs. WordNet) that also accounts for structural similarity through syntactic dependencies. Experiments show improved performance on a hand-aligned set, with the largest gain coming from structural similarity. Resulting datasets of manually and automatically aligned sentence pairs are made available.
Sensorless control of ultrahigh-speed PM brushless motor using PLL and third harmonic back EMF

Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) ML4425 is often used for sensorless control of permanent-magnet (PM) brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drives. It integrates the terminal voltage of the unenergized winding that contains the back electromotive force (EMF) information and uses a phase-locked loop (PLL) to determine the proper commutation sequence for the BLDC motor. However, even without pulsewidth modulation, the terminal voltage is distorted by voltage pulses due to the freewheel diode conduction. The pulses, which appear very wide in an ultrahigh-speed (120 kr/min) drive, are also integrated by the ASIC. Consequently, the motor commutation is significantly retarded, and the drive performance is deteriorated. In this paper, it is proposed that the ASIC should integrate the third harmonic back EMF instead of the terminal voltage, such that the commutation retarding is largely reduced and the motor performance is improved. Basic principle and implementation of the new ASIC-based sensorless controller will be presented, and experimental results will be given to verify the control strategy. On the other hand, phase delay in the motor currents arises due to the influence of winding inductance, reducing the drive performance. Therefore, a novel circuit with discrete components is proposed. It also uses the integration of third harmonic back EMF and the PLL technique and provides controllable advanced commutation to the BLDC motor.
The use of virtual reality exposure in the treatment of anxiety disorders.

One possible alternative to standard in vivo exposure may be virtual reality exposure. Virtual reality integrates real-time computer graphics, body tracking devices, visual displays, and other sensory input devices to immerse a participant in a computer-generated virtual environment. Virtual reality exposure (VRE) is potentially an efficient and cost-effective treatment of anxiety disorders. VRE therapy has been successful in reducing the fear of heights in the first known controlled study of virtual reality in the treatment of a psychological disorder. Outcome was assessed on measures of anxiety, avoidance, attitudes, and distress. Significant group differences were found on all measures such that the VRE group was significantly improved at posttreatment but the control group was unchanged. The efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy was also supported for the fear of flying in a case study. The potential for virtual reality exposure treatment for these and other disorders is explored.
Computer vision-based multiple-lane detection on straight road and in a curve

A vision system was designed to detect multiple lanes on structured highway using an “estimate and detect” scheme. It detected the lane in which the vehicle was driving (the central lane) and estimated the possible position of two adjacent lanes. Then the detection was made based on these estimations. The vehicle was first recognized if it was driving on a straight road or in a curve using its GPS position and the OpenStreetMap digital map. The two cases were processed differently. For straight road, the central lane was detected in the original image using Hough transformation and a simplified perspective transformation was designed to make estimations. In the case of curve path, a complete perspective transformation was performed and the central lane was detected by scanning at each row in the top view image. The system was able to detected lane marks that were not distinct or even obstructed by other vehicles.
SVM Classifier Incorporating Feature Selection Using GA for Spam Detection

The use of SVM (Support Vector Machines) in detecting e-mail as spam or nonspam by incorporating feature selection using GA (Genetic Algorithm) is investigated. An GA approach is adopted to select features that are most favorable to SVM classifier, which is named as GA-SVM. Scaling factor is exploited to measure the relevant coefficients of feature to the classification task and is estimated by GA. Heavy-bias operator is introduced in GA to promote sparse in the scaling factors of features. So, feature selection is performed by eliminating irrelevant features whose scaling factor is zero. The experiment results on UCI Spam database show that comparing with original SVM classifier, the number of support vector decreases while better classification results are achieved based on GA-SVM.
Kinematics modeling and experimental verification of baxter robot

The Baxter® humanoid robot made by Rethink Robotics™ offers users an affordable platform with guaranteed safety for both academic and industrial applications. The platform provides the users a good opportunity to carry out research on dual-arm robot manipulation and vision based control. For simulation of the Baxter® robot, a proper kinematic and dynamic model should be built. The Baxter robot uses URDF file to describe the robot kinematics, i.e., the relationship between adjacent joint and link. Consider the large difference between the structure of URDF and the conventional Denavit-Hartenburg(DH) notations which are widely used in robotics literature, we perform rigorous theoretic analysis of kinematics of Baxter® robot including all limbs. A kinematics model has been built following DH convention, and has been implemented in the MATLAB Robotics Toolbox. Extensive comparison between simulation and experimental results has verified the validity of the kinematic model.
On the design and implementation of a home energy management system

To reduce energy consumption and wastage, effective energy management at home is key and an integral part of the future Smart Grid. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of Green Home Service (GHS) for home energy management. Our approach addresses the key issues of home energy management in Smart Grid: a holistic management solution, improved device manageability, and an enabler of Demand-Response. We also present the scheduling algorithms in GHS for smart energy management and show the results in simulation studies.
Pressure ulcers in intensive care patients: a review of risks and prevention

Review of the literature concerning pressure ulcers in the intensive care setting.  and study selections. Computerized databases (Medline from 1980 until 1999 and CINAHL from 1982 until 1999). The indexing terms for article retrieval were: "pressure ulcers", "pressure sores", "decubitus", and "intensive care". Nineteen articles met the selection criteria, and seven more were found from the references of these articles. One thesis was also analyzed.  Data on prevention, incidence, and costs of pressure ulcers in ICU patients are scarce. Overall there are no conclusive studies on the identification of pressure ulcer risk factors. None of the existing risk-assessment scales was developed especially for use in ICU patients. It is highly questionable to what extent these scales can be used in this setting as they are not even reliable in "standard care". The following risk factors might play a role in pressure ulcer development: duration of surgery and number of operations, fecal incontinence and/or diarrhea, low preoperative protein and albumin concentrations, disturbed sensory perception, moisture of the skin, impaired circulation, use of inotropic drugs, diabetes mellitus, too unstable to turn, decreased mobility, and high APACHE II score. The number of patients per study ranged from 5 from 638. The definition of "pressure ulcer" varied widely between authors or was not mentioned.  Meaningful comparison cannot be made between the various studies because of the use of different grading systems for pressure ulcers, different methods of data collection, different (or lack of) population characteristics, unreported preventive measures, and the use of different inclusion and exclusion criteria. There is a need for well-conducted studies covering all these aspects.
Convex Regularization for High-Dimensional Tensor Regression

In this paper we present a general convex optimization approach for solving highdimensional tensor regression problems under low-dimensional structural assumptions. We consider using convex and weakly decomposable regularizers assuming that the underlying tensor lies in an unknown low-dimensional subspace. Within our framework, we derive general risk bounds of the resulting estimate under fairly general dependence structure among covariates. Our framework leads to upper bounds in terms of two very simple quantities, the Gaussian width of a convex set in tensor space and the intrinsic dimension of the low-dimensional tensor subspace. These general bounds provide useful upper bounds on rates of convergence for a number of fundamental statistical models of interest including multi-response regression, vector auto-regressive models, low-rank tensor models and pairwise interaction models. Moreover, in many of these settings we prove that the resulting estimates are minimax optimal. Departments of Statistics and Computer Science, and Optimization Group at Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706. The research of Garvesh Raskutti is supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-1407028 Department of Statistics and Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706. The research of Ming Yuan was supported in part by NSF FRG Grant DMS-1265202, and NIH Grant 1-U54AI117924-01.
A PSO based integrated functional link net and interval type-2 fuzzy logic system for predicting stock market indices

This paper presents an integrated functional link interval type-2 fuzzy neural system (FLIT2FNS) for predicting the stock market indices. The hybrid model uses a TSK (Takagi–Sugano–Kang) type fuzzy rule base that employs type-2 fuzzy sets in the antecedent parts and the outputs from the Functional Link Artificial Neural Network (FLANN) in the consequent parts. Two other approaches, namely the integrated FLANN and type-1 fuzzy logic system and Local Linear Wavelet Neural Network (LLWNN) are also presented for a comparative study. Backpropagation and particle swarm optimization (PSO) learning algorithms have been used independently to optimize the parameters of all the forecasting models. To test the model performance, three well known stock market indices like the Standard’s & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500), Bombay stock exchange (BSE), and Dow Jones industrial average (DJIA) are used. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) are used to find out the performance of all the three models. Finally, it is observed that out of three methods, FLIT2FNS performs the best irrespective of the time horizons spanning from 1 day to 1 month.
Pop-up book MEMS

We present a design methodology and manufacturing process for the construction of articulated three-dimensional microstructures with features on the micron to centimeter scale. Flexure mechanisms and assembly folds result from the bulk machining and lamination of alternating rigid and compliant layers, similar to rigid-flex printed circuit board construction. Pop-up books and other forms of paper engineering inspire designs consisting of one complex part with a single assembly degree of freedom. Like an unopened pop-up book, mechanism links reside on multiple interconnected layers, reducing interference and allowing folding mechanisms of greater complexity than achievable with a single folding layer. Machined layers are aligned using dowel pins and bonded in parallel. Using mechanical alignment that persists during bonding allows device layers to be anisotropically pre-strained, a feature we exploit to create self-assembling structures. These methods and three example devices are presented.
Storylines: Visual exploration and analysis in latent semantic spaces

Tasks in visual analytics differ from typical information retrieval tasks in fundamental ways. A critical part of a visual analytics is to ask the right questions when dealing with a diverse collection of information. In this article, we introduce the design and application of an integrated exploratory visualization system called Storylines. Storylines provides a framework to enable analysts visually and systematically explore and study a body of unstructured text without prior knowledge of its thematic structure. The system innovatively integrates latent semantic indexing, natural language processing, and social network analysis. The contributions of the work include providing an intuitive and directly accessible representation of a latent semantic space derived from the text corpus, an integrated process for identifying salient lines of stories, and coordinated visualizations across a spectrum of perspectives in terms of people, locations, and events involved in each story line. The system is tested with the 2006 VAST contest data, in particular, the portion of news articles.
Fast High Dimensional Vector Multiplication Face Recognition

This paper advances descriptor-based face recognition by suggesting a novel usage of descriptors to form an over-complete representation, and by proposing a new metric learning pipeline within the same/not-same framework. First, the Over-Complete Local Binary Patterns (OCLBP) face representation scheme is introduced as a multi-scale modified version of the Local Binary Patterns (LBP) scheme. Second, we propose an efficient matrix-vector multiplication-based recognition system. The system is based on Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) coupled with Within Class Covariance Normalization (WCCN). This is further extended to the unsupervised case by proposing an unsupervised variant of WCCN. Lastly, we introduce Diffusion Maps (DM) for non-linear dimensionality reduction as an alternative to the Whitened Principal Component Analysis (WPCA) method which is often used in face recognition. We evaluate the proposed framework on the LFW face recognition dataset under the restricted, unrestricted and unsupervised protocols. In all three cases we achieve very competitive results.
Innovation, Openness, and Platform Control

We explore innovation, openness, and the duration of intellectual property protection in markets characterized by platforms and their ecosystems of complementary applications. We find that competition among application developers can reduce innovation while competition among platforms can increase innovation. Developers can be better off submitting to platform control as opposed to producing for an unsponsored platform. Although a social planner would open a platform sooner and to a greater degree than would a private platform sponsor, a platform sponsor’s ability to control downstream innovation gives it reason to behave more like a social planner. However, if platforms are to perform this role, platform sponsors need longer duration rights than application developers. Results can inform antitrust and intellectual property regulation, technological innovation, competition policy, and intellectual property strategy.
$W$ -Band Waveguide Filters Fabricated by Laser Micromachining and 3-D Printing

This paper presents two W-band waveguide bandpass filters, one fabricated using laser micromachining and the other 3-D printing. Both filters are based on coupled resonators and are designed to have a Chebyshev response. The first filter is for laser micromachining and it is designed to have a compact structure allowing the whole filter to be made from a single metal workpiece. This eliminates the need to split the filter into several layers and therefore yields an enhanced performance in terms of low insertion loss and good durability. The second filter is produced from polymer resin using a stereolithography 3-D printing technique and the whole filter is plated with copper. To facilitate the plating process, the waveguide filter consists of slots on both the broadside and narrow side walls. Such slots also reduce the weight of the filter while still retaining the filter's performance in terms of insertion loss. Both filters are fabricated and tested and have good agreement between measurements and simulations.