nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effects of service quality and justice on customer satisfaction and the continuance intention of mobile value-added services: An empirical test of a multidimensional model

a r t i c l e i n f o Understanding the antecedents and consequences of customer satisfaction in the mobile communications market is important. This study explores the effects of service quality and justice on customer satisfaction, which, in turn, affects continuance intention of mobile services. Service quality, justice and customer satisfaction were measured by multiple dimensions. A research model was developed based on this multidimen-sional approach and was empirically examined with data collected from about one thousand users of mobile value-added services in China. Results show that all three dimensions of service quality (interaction quality, environment quality and outcome quality) have significant and positive effects on cumulative satisfaction while only one dimension of service quality (interaction quality) has a significant and positive effect on transaction-specific satisfaction. Besides procedural justice, the other two dimensions of justice (distribu-tive justice and interactional justice) significantly influence both transaction-specific satisfaction and cumulative satisfaction. Furthermore, both types of customer satisfaction have significant and positive effects on continuance intention. Implications for research and practice are discussed. With the rapid advancements of mobile network technologies, provision of various kinds of value-added services by mobile service providers is on the rise around the world. As the market becomes more and more mature, value-added services become more homogeneous and the competition for acquiring new customers and retaining existing customers becomes more intense. In this environment, customer satisfaction is a critical factor for mobile service providers to maintain or improve their market share and profitability. Prior studies have found that customer satisfaction contributes to a firm's profitability and customer retention [33,35]. In a reorganization of the communications industry in China between 2008 and 2009, the original six mobile network operators were reduced to three. Meanwhile, the availability of third-generation telecommunications technologies suggested that more mobile value-added services would be provided to the customers. A recent value-added services survey report on mobile communications conducted by Analysys in 2010 predicted that, the competition among existing mobile network operators would become fierce after the reorganization of the industry and the introduction of third-generation services. Thus, for these mobile network operators, in order to retain customers, enhancing customer satisfaction is an urgent task to tackle with. Moreover, as new mobile value-added services are released, service providers need to focus on if these new services appeal to customers and on the willingness of customers to continue to use the services. Therefore, understanding the …
Fault Handling in FPGAs and Microcontrollers in Safety-Critical Embedded Applications: A Comparative Survey

Safety-critical nowadays include more and more embedded computer systems, based on different hardware platforms. These hardware platforms, reaching from microcontrollers to programmable logic devices, lead to fundamental differences in design. Major differences result from different hardware architectures and their robustness and reliability as well as from differences in the corresponding software design. This paper gives an overview on how these hardware platforms differ with respect to fault handling possibilities as fault avoidance and fault tolerance and the resulting influence on the safety of the overall system.
Design and simulation of a Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna for 5G commercial applications

This article presents the design and simulation of a multi-band microstrip patch antenna, using Sierpinski carpet fractal concept. The proposed antenna is designed on a FR-4 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and excited using a microstrip feed line at the edge of the patch. Sierpinski carpet fractal with iteration-3 is applied to the radiating patch. After the application of fractal, this patch antenna resonates at 14.80 GHz, 17.92 GHz, 23.12 GHz, and 27.92 GHz with impedance bandwidth of 5800 MHz, 3040 MHz, 2960 MHz, and 3840 MHz respectively. With these four bands, this antenna finds application in commercial 5G wireless communications. To illustrate the effectiveness of the fractal concept, four patch antennas are designed independently at those four resonating frequencies and compared with the single fractal antenna in terms of their size and other performance parameters. All the antennas proposed here, are designed using HFSS15 and results are analyzed in terms of return loss, VSWR, gain, and bandwidth.
A Worldwide Map of Plasmodium falciparum K13-Propeller Polymorphisms.

Recent gains in reducing the global burden of malaria are threatened by the emergence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinins. The discovery that mutations in portions of a P. falciparum gene encoding kelch (K13)-propeller domains are the major determinant of resistance has provided opportunities for monitoring such resistance on a global scale.



We analyzed the K13-propeller sequence polymorphism in 14,037 samples collected in 59 countries in which malaria is endemic. Most of the samples (84.5%) were obtained from patients who were treated at sentinel sites used for nationwide surveillance of antimalarial resistance. We evaluated the emergence and dissemination of mutations by haplotyping neighboring loci.



We identified 108 nonsynonymous K13 mutations, which showed marked geographic disparity in their frequency and distribution. In Asia, 36.5% of the K13 mutations were distributed within two areas--one in Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos and the other in western Thailand, Myanmar, and China--with no overlap. In Africa, we observed a broad array of rare nonsynonymous mutations that were not associated with delayed parasite clearance. The gene-edited Dd2 transgenic line with the A578S mutation, which expresses the most frequently observed African allele, was found to be susceptible to artemisinin in vitro on a ring-stage survival assay.



No evidence of artemisinin resistance was found outside Southeast Asia and China, where resistance-associated K13 mutations were confined. The common African A578S allele was not associated with clinical or in vitro resistance to artemisinin, and many African mutations appear to be neutral.
Competing Loyalty Programs : Impact of Market Saturation , Market Share , and Category Expandability

Loyalty programs have become an important component of firms’ relationship management strategies. There are now some industries in which numerous rival loyalty programs are offered, inducing intense competition among these programs. However, existing research on loyalty programs has often studied such programs in a noncompetitive setting and has often focused on a single program in isolation. Addressing this gap, this research examines the effect of a firm’s competitive positioning and market saturation on the performance of the firm’s loyalty program. Based on the analysis of firmand individual-level data from the airline industry, the results indicate that larger firms tend to benefit more from their loyalty program offerings than smaller firms. Moreover, when the product category demand is rigid, the impact of an individual loyalty program decreases as the marketplace becomes more saturated with competing programs. However, when the product category is highly expandable, the saturation effect disappears. Under such situations, loyalty programs can help an industry gain competitive advantage over substitute offerings outside the industry, and multiple programs can effectively coexist even under a high level of market saturation.
Semi-Supervised Recognition of Sarcasm in Twitter and Amazon

Sarcasm is a form of speech act in which the speakers convey their message in an implicit way. The inherently ambiguous nature of sarcasm sometimes makes it hard even for humans to decide whether an utterance is sarcastic or not. Recognition of sarcasm can benefit many sentiment analysis NLP applications, such as review summarization, dialogue systems and review ranking systems. In this paper we experiment with semisupervised sarcasm identification on two very different data sets: a collection of 5.9 million tweets collected from Twitter, and a collection of 66000 product reviews from Amazon. Using the Mechanical Turk we created a gold standard sample in which each sentence was tagged by 3 annotators, obtaining F-scores of 0.78 on the product reviews dataset and 0.83 on the Twitter dataset. We discuss the differences between the datasets and how the algorithm uses them (e.g., for the Amazon dataset the algorithm makes use of structured information). We also discuss the utility of Twitter #sarcasm hashtags for the task.
Pattern Recognition Systems under Attack: Design Issues and Research Challenges

We analyze the problem of designing pattern recognition systems in adversarial settings, under an engineering viewpoint, motivated by their increasing exploitation in security-sensitive applications like spam and malware detection, despite their vulnerability to potential attacks has not yet been deeply understood. We first review previous work and report examples of how a complex system may be evaded either by leveraging on trivial vulnerabilities of its untrained components, e.g., parsing errors in the pre-processing steps, or by exploiting more subtle vulnerabilities of learning algorithms. We then discuss the need of exploiting both reactive and proactive security paradigms complementarily to improve the security by design. Our ultimate goal is to provide some useful guidelines for improving the security of pattern recognition in adversarial settings, and to suggest related open issues to foster research in this area.
Life beyond Distributed Transactions: an Apostate's Opinion

Many decades of work have been invested in the area of distributed transactions including protocols such as 2PC, Paxos, and various approaches to quorum. These protocols provide the application programmer a façade of global serializability. Personally, I have invested a nontrivial portion of my career as a strong advocate for the implementation and use of platforms providing guarantees of global serializability. My experience over the last decade has led me to liken these platforms to the Maginot Line. In general, application developers simply do not implement large scalable applications assuming distributed transactions. When they attempt to use distributed transactions, the projects founder because the performance costs and fragility make them impractical. Natural selection kicks in... 1 The Maginot Line was a huge fortress that ran the length of the Franco-German border and was constructed at great expense between World War I and World War II. It successfully kept the German army from directly crossing the border between France and Germany. It was quickly bypassed by the Germans in 1940 who invaded through Belgium. This article is published under a Creative Commons License Agreement (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/). You may copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, make derivative works and make commercial use of the work, but you must attribute the work to the author and CIDR 2007. 3 Biennial Conference on Innovative DataSystems Research (CIDR) January 7-10, Asilomar, California USA. Instead, applications are built using different techniques which do not provide the same transactional guarantees but still meet the needs of their businesses. This paper explores and names some of the practical approaches used in the implementations of large-scale mission-critical applications in a world which rejects distributed transactions. We discuss the management of fine-grained pieces of application data which may be repartitioned over time as the application grows. We also discuss the design patterns used in sending messages between these repartitionable pieces of data. The reason for starting this discussion is to raise awareness of new patterns for two reasons. First, it is my belief that this awareness can ease the challenges of people hand-crafting very large scalable applications. Second, by observing the patterns, hopefully the industry can work towards the creation of platforms that make it easier to build these very large applications.
Meta-Graph Based Recommendation Fusion over Heterogeneous Information Networks

Heterogeneous Information Network (HIN) is a natural and general representation of data in modern large commercial recommender systems which involve heterogeneous types of data. HIN based recommenders face two problems: how to represent the high-level semantics of recommendations and how to fuse the heterogeneous information to make recommendations. In this paper, we solve the two problems by first introducing the concept of meta-graph to HIN-based recommendation, and then solving the information fusion problem with a "matrix factorization (MF) + factorization machine (FM)" approach. For the similarities generated by each meta-graph, we perform standard MF to generate latent features for both users and items. With different meta-graph based features, we propose to use FM with Group lasso (FMG) to automatically learn from the observed ratings to effectively select useful meta-graph based features. Experimental results on two real-world datasets, Amazon and Yelp, show the effectiveness of our approach compared to state-of-the-art FM and other HIN-based recommendation algorithms.
The diameter of the world wide web

The diameter of the world wide web Despite its increasing role in communication, the world wide web (www) remains the least controlled medium: any individual or institution can create websites with unrestricted number of documents and links. This unregulated growth leads to a huge and complex web, which is a large directed graph, whose vertices are documents and edges are the links (URLs) pointing from one document to another. The topology of this graph determines the web's connectivity and, consequently, our effectiveness in locating information on the www. However, due to its large size (estimated to be at least 8 × 10 8 documents ), and the continuously changing documents and links, it is impossible to catalogue all vertices and edges. The challenge in obtaining a complete topological map of the www is illustrated by the limitations of the commercial search engines: Northern Light, the search engine with the largest coverage, is estimated to index only 38% of the web . While great efforts are made to map and characterize the Internet's infrastructure , little is known about what truly matters in searching for information, i.e., about the topology of the www. Here we take a first step to fill this gap: we use local connectivity measurements to construct a topological model of the www, allowing us to explore and characterize the large scale properties of the web. To determine the local connectivity of the www, we constructed a robot, that adds to its database all URLs found on a document and recursively follows these to retrieve the related documents and URLs. From the collected data we determined the probability P out (k) (P in (k)) that a document has k outgoing (incoming) links. As Figs. 1a and b illustrate, we find that both P out (k) and P in (k) follow a power-law over several orders of magnitude, remarkably different not only from the Poisson distribution predicted by the classical theory of random graphs by Erd˝ os and Rényi [3,4], but also from the bounded distribution found in recent models of random networks . The power law tail indicates that the probability of finding documents with a large number of links is rather significant, the network connectivity 1
Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Spiral Antenna for Chinese Compass Navigation Satellite System

In Chinese Compass Navigation Satellite System (CNSS for short), dual-band antennas are more attractive, because they can provide both navigation and communication services. In this paper, we present a dual-band dual-circular-polarized planar spiral-slot CNSS antenna. This antenna works at L band (1616± 5MHz, left-handed circular polarization, LHCP) and S band (2492± 5MHz, right-handed circular polarization, RHCP). Numerical results show that the impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB), 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth and antenna gain at L band are about 242 MHz, 79 MHz and 4.92 dB, respectively, while the simulated impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB), 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth and antenna gain at S band are about 180 MHz, 58MHz and 5.25 dB, respectively. An experiment was carried out to verify our design. Measured results show that impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth L band are about 300 MHz and 14 MHz, respectively, while the measured impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth at S band are about 210MHz, 10MHz, respectively. The measured results basically agree with the simulated ones and meet the requirement of CNSS terminal antennas.
Improving Indoor Localization Using Convolutional Neural Networks on Computationally Restricted Devices

Indoor localization is one of the key enablers for various application and service areas that rely on precise locations of people, goods, and assets, ranging from home automation and assisted living to increased automation of production and logistic processes and wireless network optimization. Existing solutions provide various levels of precision, which also depends on the complexity of the indoor radio environment. In this paper, we propose two methods for reducing the localization error in indoor non-line-of-sight (NLoS) conditions using raw channel impulse response (CIR) information obtained from ultra-wide band radios requiring no prior knowledge about the radio environment. The methods are based on NLoS channel classification and ranging error regression models, both using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and implemented in the TensorFlow computational framework. We first show that NLoS channel classification using raw CIR data outperforms existing approaches that are based on derived input signal features. We further demonstrate that the predicted NLoS channel state and predicted ranging error information, used in combination with least squares (LS) and weighted LS location estimation algorithms, significantly improve indoor localization performance. We also evaluate the computational performance and suitability of the proposed CNN-based algorithms on various computing platforms with a wide range of different capabilities and show that in a distributed localization system, they can also be used on computationally restricted devices.
Analysis of PLL clock jitter in high-speed serial links

We analyze the effects of transmitter and receiver phased-locked loop (PLL) phase noise, which translates to time-domain clock/data jitter, on the performance of high-speed transceivers. Analytical expressions are derived to incorporate both transmitter and receiver clock jitter into serial link operation. A method to calculate the worst-case noise margin degradation due to clock jitter is discussed in order to obviate impractical time-domain simulations. This analysis relies on the assumption that the channel is linear and time-invariant and, hence, can be characterized by an impulse response. A simple extension to equalized serial links is also presented. The analysis is verified through behavioral simulations using a realistic/measured channel model.
A Nonlinear Controller Based on a Discrete Energy Function for an AC/DC Boost PFC Converter

AC/DC converter systems generally have two stages: an input power factor correction (PFC) boost ac/dc stage that converts input ac voltage to an intermediate dc voltage while reducing the input current harmonics injected to the grid, followed by a dc/dc converter that steps up or down the intermediate dc-bus voltage as required by the output load and provides high-frequency galvanic isolation. Since a low-frequency ripple (second harmonic of the input ac line frequency) exists in the output voltage of the PFC ac/dc boost converter due to the power ripple, the voltage loop in the conventional control system must have a very low bandwidth in order to avoid distortions in the input current waveform. This results in the conventional PFC controller having a slow dynamic response against load variations with adverse overshoots and undershoots. This paper presents a new control approach that is based on a novel discrete energy function minimization control law that allows the front-end ac/dc boost PFC converter to operate with faster dynamic response than the conventional controllers and simultaneously maintain near unity input power factor. Experimental results from a 3-kW ac/dc converter built for charging traction battery of a pure electric vehicle are presented in this paper to validate the proposed control method and its superiority over conventional controllers.
A broadband slotted ridge waveguide antenna array

A longitudinally-slotted ridge waveguide antenna array with a compact transverse dimension is presented. To broaden the bandwidth of the array, it is separated into two subarrays fed by a novel compact convex waveguide divider. A 16-element uniform linear array at X-band was fabricated and measured to verify the validity of the design. The measured bandwidth of S11les-15 dB is 14.9% and the measured cross- polarization level is less than -36 dB over the entire bandwidth. This array can be combined with the edge-slotted waveguide array to build a two-dimensional dual-polarization antenna array for the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) application
Network Structure and Knowledge Transfer : The Effects of Cohesion and Range

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