nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous collagen induction: an effective and safe treatment for post-acne scarring in different skin phototypes.

Atrophic scars can complicate moderate and severe acne. There are, at present, several modalities of treatment with different results. Percutaneous collagen induction (PCI) has recently been proposed as a simple and effective therapeutic option for the management of atrophic scars.



The aim of our study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of percutaneous collagen induction for the treatment of acne scarring in different skin phototypes.



A total of 60 patients of skin types phototype I to VI were included in the study. They were divided into three groups before beginning treatment: Group A (phototypes I to II), Group B (phototypes III to V), and Group C (phototypes VI). Each patient had three treatments at monthly intervals. The aesthetic improvement was evaluated by using a Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), and analyzed statistically by computerized image analysis of the patients' photographs. The differences in the GAIS scores in the different time-points of each group were found using the Wilcoxon's test for nonparametric-dependent continuous variables. Computerized image analysis of silicone replicas was used to quantify the irregularity of the surface micro-relief with Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT); average values of gray were obtained along the x- and y-axes. The calculated indexes were the integrals of areas arising from the distribution of pixels along the axes.



All patients completed the study. The Wilcoxon's test for nonparametric-dependent continuous variables showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in severity grade of acne scars at T5 compared to baseline (T1). The analysis of the surface micro-relief performed on skin replicas showed a decrease in the degree of irregularity of skin texture in all three groups of patients, with an average reduction of 31% in both axes after three sessions. No short- or long-term dyschromia was observed.



PCI offers a simple and safe modality to improve the appearance of acne scars without risk of dyspigmentation in patient of all skin types.
Small Representations of Big Kidney Exchange Graphs

Kidney exchanges are organized markets where patients swap willing but incompatible donors. In the last decade, kidney exchanges grew from small and regional to large and national—and soon, international. This growth results in more lives saved, but exacerbates the empirical hardness of the NP-complete problem of optimally matching patients to donors. State-of-the-art matching engines use integer programming techniques to clear fielded kidney exchanges, but these methods must be tailored to specific models and objective functions, and may fail to scale to larger exchanges. In this paper, we observe that if the kidney exchange compatibility graph can be encoded by a constant number of patient and donor attributes, the clearing problem is solvable in polynomial time. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for losslessly shrinking the representation of an arbitrary compatibility graph. Then, using real compatibility graphs from the UNOS US-wide kidney exchange, we show how many attributes are needed to encode real graphs. The experiments show that, indeed, small numbers of attributes suffice.
Switching from long-term benzodiazepine therapy to pregabalin in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

To evaluate the efficacy of pregabalin in facilitating taper off chronic benzodiazepines, outpatients (N = 106) with a lifetime diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (current diagnosis could be subthreshold) who had been treated with a benzodiazepine for 8-52 weeks were stabilized for 2-4 weeks on alprazolam in the range of 1-4 mg/day. Patients were then randomized to 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with either pregabalin 300-600 mg/day or placebo while undergoing a gradual benzodiazepine taper at a rate of 25% per week, followed by a 6-week benzodiazepine-free phase during which they continued double-blind study treatment. Outcome measures included ability to remain benzodiazepine-free (primary) as well as changes in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM)-A and Physician Withdrawal Checklist (PWC). At endpoint, a non-significant higher proportion of patients remained benzodiazepine-free receiving pregabalin compared with placebo (51.4% vs 37.0%). Treatment with pregabalin was associated with significantly greater endpoint reduction in the HAM-A total score versus placebo (-2.5 vs +1.3; p < 0.001), and lower endpoint mean PWC scores (6.5 vs 10.3; p = 0.012). Thirty patients (53%) in the pregabalin group and 19 patients (37%) in the placebo group completed the study, reducing the power to detect a significant difference on the primary outcome. The results on the anxiety and withdrawal severity measures suggest that switching to pregabalin may be a safe and effective method for discontinuing long-term benzodiazepine therapy.
Effect of Movement Velocity During Resistance Training on Dynamic Muscular Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Movement velocity is an acute resistance-training variable that can be manipulated to potentially optimize dynamic muscular strength development. However, it is unclear whether performing faster or slower repetitions actually influences dynamic muscular strength gains.



We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of movement velocity during resistance training on dynamic muscular strength.



Five electronic databases were searched using terms related to movement velocity and resistance training. Studies were deemed eligible for inclusion if they met the following criteria: randomized and non-randomized comparative studies; published in English; included healthy adults; used isotonic resistance-exercise interventions directly comparing fast or explosive training to slower movement velocity training; matched in prescribed intensity and volume; duration ≥4 weeks; and measured dynamic muscular strength changes.



A total of 15 studies were identified that investigated movement velocity in accordance with the criteria outlined. Fast and moderate-slow resistance training were found to produce similar increases in dynamic muscular strength when all studies were included. However, when intensity was accounted for, there was a trend for a small effect favoring fast compared with moderate-slow training when moderate intensities, defined as 60-79% one repetition maximum, were used (effect size 0.31; p = 0.06). Strength gains between conditions were not influenced by training status and age.



Overall, the results suggest that fast and moderate-slow resistance training improve dynamic muscular strength similarly in individuals within a wide range of training statuses and ages. Resistance training performed at fast movement velocities using moderate intensities showed a trend for superior muscular strength gains as compared to moderate-slow resistance training. Both training practices should be considered for novice to advanced, young and older resistance trainers targeting dynamic muscular strength.
SUPPORTING AWARENESS IN EDUCATION: OVERVIEW AND MECHANISMS

1 Ekaterina Prasolova-Forland, IDI, NTNU, Sem Salandsv 7-9, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway ekaterip@idi.ntnu.no Abstract  This paper discusses awareness support in educational context, focusing on the support offered by collaborative virtual environments. Awareness plays an important role in everyday educational activities, especially in engineering courses where projects and group work is an integral part of the curriculum. In this paper we will provide a general overview of awareness in computer supported cooperative work and then focus on the awareness mechanisms offered by CVEs. We will also discuss the role and importance of these mechanisms in educational context and make some comparisons between awareness support in CVEs and in more traditional tools.
A quality by design approach to investigate the effect of mannitol and dicalcium phosphate qualities on roll compaction.

Roll compaction is a continuous process for solid dosage form manufacturing increasingly popular within pharmaceutical industry. Although roll compaction has become an established technique for dry granulation, the influence of material properties is still not fully understood. In this study, a quality by design (QbD) approach was utilized, not only to understand the influence of different qualities of mannitol and dicalcium phosphate (DCP), but also to predict critical quality attributes of the drug product based solely on the material properties of that filler. By describing each filler quality in terms of several representative physical properties, orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) was used to understand and predict how those properties affected drug product intermediates as well as critical quality attributes of the final drug product. These models were then validated by predicting product attributes for filler qualities not used in the model construction. The results of this study confirmed that the tensile strength reduction, known to affect plastic materials when roll compacted, is not prominent when using brittle materials. Some qualities of these fillers actually demonstrated improved compactability following roll compaction. While direct compression qualities are frequently used for roll compacted drug products because of their excellent flowability and good compaction properties, this study revealed that granules from these qualities were more poor flowing than the corresponding powder blends, which was not seen for granules from traditional qualities. The QbD approach used in this study could be extended beyond fillers. Thus any new compound/ingredient would first be characterized and then suitable formulation characteristics could be determined in silico, without running any additional experiments.
Transformer Failure Due to Circuit-Breaker-Induced Switching Transients

Switching transients associated with circuit breakers have been observed for many years. Recently, this phenomenon has been attributed to a significant number of transformer failures involving primary circuit-breaker switching. These transformer failures had common contributing factors such as the following: 1) primary vacuum or SF-6 breaker; 2) short cable or bus connection to transformer; and 3) application involving dry-type or cast-coil transformers and some liquid-filled ones. This paper will review these recent transformer failures due to primary circuit-breaker switching transients to show the severity of damage caused by the voltage surge and discuss the common contributing factors. Next, switching transient simulations in the electromagnetic transients program will give case studies which illustrate how breaker characteristics of current chopping and restrike combine with critical circuit characteristics to cause transformer failure. Design and installation considerations will be addressed, particularly the challenges of retrofitting a snubber to an existing facility with limited space. Finally, several techniques and equipment that have proven to successfully mitigate the breaker switching transients will be presented, including surge arresters, surge capacitors, snubbers, and these in combination.
Coloring Action Recognition in Still Images

In this article we investigate the problem of human action recognition in static images. By action recognition we intend a class of problems which includes both action classification and action detection (i.e. simultaneous localization and classification). Bag-of-words image representations yield promising results for action classification, and deformable part models perform very well object detection. The representations for action recognition typically use only shape cues and ignore color information. Inspired by the recent success of color in image classification and object detection, we investigate the potential of color for action classification and detection in static images. We perform a comprehensive evaluation of color descriptors and fusion approaches for action recognition. Experiments were conducted on the three datasets most used for benchmarking action recognition in still images: Willow, PASCAL VOC 2010 and Stanford-40. Our experiments demonstrate that incorporating color information considerably improves recognition performance, and that a descriptor based on color names outperforms pure color descriptors. Our experiments demonstrate that late fusion of color and shape information outperforms other approaches on action recognition. Finally, we show that the different color–shape fusion approaches result in complementary information and combining them yields state-of-the-art performance for action classification.
We Built a Fake News & Click-bait Filter: What Happened Next Will Blow Your Mind!

It is completely amazing! Fake news and click-baits have totally invaded the cyber space. Let us face it: everybody hates them for three simple reasons. Reason #2 will absolutely amaze you. What these can achieve at the time of election will completely blow your mind! Now, we all agree, this cannot go on, you know, somebody has to stop it. So, we did this research on fake news/click-bait detection and trust us, it is totally great research, it really is! Make no mistake. This is the best research ever! Seriously, come have a look, we have it all: neural networks, attention mechanism, sentiment lexicons, author profiling, you name it. Lexical features, semantic features, we absolutely have it all. And we have totally tested it, trust us! We have results, and numbers, really big numbers. The best numbers ever! Oh, and analysis, absolutely top notch analysis. Interested? Come read the shocking truth about fake news and click-bait in the Bulgarian cyber space. You won’t believe what we have found!
Eye Gaze Correction with a Single Webcam Based on Eye-Replacement

In traditional video conferencing systems, it is impossible for users to have eye contact when looking at the conversation partner’s face displayed on the screen, due to the disparity between the locations of the camera and the screen. In this work, we implemented a gaze correction system that can automatically maintain eye contact by replacing the eyes of the user with the direct looking eyes (looking directly into the camera) captured in the initialization stage. Our real-time system has good robustness against different lighting conditions and head poses, and it provides visually convincing and natural results while relying only on a single webcam that can be positioned almost anywhere around the
Seven new species of Arhodeoporus (Acarina: Halacaridae) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea

Seven new species of the genus Arhodeoporusare described from sandy deposits of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea reefs, bringing the total number of known species in this genus to 30 and the number of known species from Australia to 11. Arhodeoporus caudatusn. sp., A. clypeatusn. sp., A. corallicolusn. sp. and A. lizardensisn. sp. are found to belong to the longirostrisgroup, while A. longicrusn. sp., A. subtilisn. sp. and A. ventromaculatusn. sp. can be assigned to the eclogarius, gracilipesand bonairensisgroups, respectively. The gracilipesgroup is recorded from the southern hemisphere for the first time. Arhodeoporusspecies described from southwestern Australia or elsewhere have not been found on the Great Barrier Reef. A key to Australian species of Arhodeoporusis presented.
A framework and ontology for dynamic Web services selection

Current Web services standards lack the means for expressing a service's nonfunctional attributes - namely, its quality of service. QoS can be objective (encompassing reliability, availability, and request-to-response time) or subjective (focusing on user experience). QoS attributes are key to dynamically selecting the services that best meet user needs. This article addresses dynamic service selection via an agent framework coupled with a QoS ontology. With this approach, participants can collaborate to determine each other's service quality and trustworthiness.
Carbon Nanotubes Field Effect Transistor : A Review

In this paper we have focused on the carbon nano tube field effect transistor technology. The advantages of CNTFET over MOS technology are also discussed. The structure and types of CNTFET are given in detail along with the variation of threshold voltage with respect to the alteration in CNT diameter. The characteristics curve between gate to source current and drain to source voltage is plotted. Various fixed and variable parameters of CNT are also focused.
Antibiotic resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine samples of Urinary Tract Infections patients in Karachi, Pakistan

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Psedomonas aeruginosa and its prevalence in patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) for effective treatment in a developing country like Pakistan.



This is an observational study conducted for a period of ten months which ended on December 2013 at the Dr. Essa Laboratory and Diagnostic Centre in Karachi. A total of 4668 urine samples of UTI patients were collected and standard microbiological techniques were performed to identify the organisms in urine cultures. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer technique for twenty five commonly used antimicrobials and then analyzed on SPSS version 17.



P. aeruginosa was isolated in 254 cultures (5.4%). The most resistant drugs included Ceclor(100%) and Cefizox (100%) followed by Amoxil/Ampicillin (99.6%), Ceflixime (99.6%), Doxycycline (99.6%), Cefuroxime (99.2%), Cephradine (99.2%), Cotrimoxazole (99.2%), Nalidixic acid (98.8%), Pipemidic acid (98.6%) and Augmentin (97.6%).



Emerging resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are potentially linked to injudicious use of drugs leading to ineffective empirical therapy and in turn, appearance of even more resistant strains of the bacterium. Therefore, we recommend culture and sensitivity testing to determine the presence of P.aeruginosa prior to specific antimicrobial therapy.
A probabilistic framework for multi-view feature learning with many-to-many associations via neural networks

A simple framework Probabilistic Multi-view Graph Embedding (PMvGE) is proposed for multi-view feature learning with many-to-many associations so that it generalizes various existing multi-view methods. PMvGE is a probabilistic model for predicting new associations via graph embedding of the nodes of data vectors with links of their associations. Multi-view data vectors with many-to-many associations are transformed by neural networks to feature vectors in a shared space, and the probability of new association between two data vectors is modeled by the inner product of their feature vectors. While existing multi-view feature learning techniques can treat only either of many-to-many association or non-linear transformation, PMvGE can treat both simultaneously. By combining Mercer’s theorem and the universal approximation theorem, we prove that PMvGE learns a wide class of similarity measures across views. Our likelihoodbased estimator enables efficient computation of non-linear transformations of data vectors in largescale datasets by minibatch SGD, and numerical experiments illustrate that PMvGE outperforms existing multi-view methods.
SQenloT: Semantic query engine for industrial Internet-of-Things gateways

The Advent of Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm has brought exciting opportunities to solve many real-world problems. IoT in industries is poised to play an important role not only to increase productivity and efficiency but also to improve customer experiences. Two main challenges that are of particular interest to industry include: handling device heterogeneity and getting contextual information to make informed decisions. These challenges can be addressed by IoT along with proven technologies like the Semantic Web. In this paper, we present our work, SQenIoT: a Semantic Query Engine for Industrial IoT. SQenIoT resides on a commercial product and offers query capabilities to retrieve information regarding the connected things in a given facility. We also propose a things query language, targeted for resource-constrained gateways and non-technical personnel such as facility managers. Two other contributions include multi-level ontologies and mechanisms for semantic tagging in our commercial products. The implementation details of SQenIoT and its performance results are also presented.
Extending finite automata to efficiently match Perl-compatible regular expressions

Regular expression matching is a crucial task in several networking applications. Current implementations are based on one of two types of finite state machines. Non-deterministic finite automata (NFAs) have minimal storage demand but have high memory bandwidth requirements. Deterministic finite automata (DFAs) exhibit low and deterministic memory bandwidth requirements at the cost of increased memory space. It has already been shown how the presence of wildcards and repetitions of large character classes can render DFAs and NFAs impractical. Additionally, recent security-oriented rule-sets include patterns with advanced features, namely back-references, which add to the expressive power of traditional regular expressions and cannot therefore be supported through classical finite automata.
 In this work, we propose and evaluate an extended finite automaton designed to address these shortcomings. First, the automaton provides an alternative approach to handle character repetitions that limits memory space and bandwidth requirements. Second, it supports back-references without the need for back-tracking in the input string. In our discussion of this proposal, we address practical implementation issues and evaluate the automaton on real-world rule-sets. To our knowledge, this is the first high-speed automaton that can accommodate all the Perl-compatible regular expressions present in the Snort network intrusion and detection system.
Multimodal Trajectory Playback for Teaching Shape Information and Trajectories to Visually Impaired Computer Users

There are difficulties in presenting nontextual or dynamic information to blind or visually impaired users through computers. This article examines the potential of haptic and auditory trajectory playback as a method of teaching shapes and gestures to visually impaired people. Two studies are described which test the success of teaching simple shapes. The first study examines haptic trajectory playback alone, played through a force-feedback device, and compares performance of visually impaired users with sighted users. It demonstrates that the task is significantly harder for visually impaired users. The second study builds on these results, combining force-feedback with audio to teach visually impaired users to recreate shapes. The results suggest that users performed significantly better when presented with multimodal haptic and audio playback of the shape, rather than haptic only. Finally, an initial test of these ideas in an application context is described, with sighted participants describing drawings to visually impaired participants through touch and sound. This study demonstrates in what situations trajectory playback can prove a useful role in a collaborative setting.