nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual framework for big data in d3.js

The concepts of Data Warehouse, Cloud Computing and Big Data have been proposed during the era of data flood. By reviewing current progresses in data warehouse studies, this paper introduces a framework to achieve better visualization for Big Data. This framework can reduce the cost of building Big Data warehouses by divide data into sub dataset and visualize them respectively. Meanwhile, basing on the powerful visualization tool of D3.js and directed by the principle of Whole-Parts, current data can be presented to users from different dimensions by different rich statistics graphics.
Optimal Slice Allocation in 5G Core Networks

5G network slicing is essential to providing flexible, scalable and on-demand solutions for the vast array of applications in 5G networks. Two key challenges of 5G network slicing are function isolation (intra-slice) and guaranteeing end-to-end delay for a slice. In this paper, we address the question of optimal allocation of a slice in 5G core networks by addressing these two challenges. We adopt and extend the work by D. Dietrich et al.  to create a model that satisfies constraints on end-to-end delay as well as isolation between components of a slice for reliability.
What Does a TextCNN Learn?

TextCNN, the convolutional neural network for text, is a useful deep learning algorithm for sentence classification tasks such as sentiment analysis and question classification[2]. However, neural networks have long been known as black boxes because interpreting them is a challenging task. Researchers have developed several tools to understand a CNN for image classification by deep visualization[6], but research about deep TextCNNs is still insufficient. In this paper, we are trying to understand what a TextCNN learns on two classical NLP datasets. Our work focuses on functions of different convolutional kernels and correlations between convolutional kernels.
Computer security: Art and science [Book Review]

M any security faculty members and practitioners bemoan the lack of good books in the field. Those of us who teach often find ourselves forced to rely on collections of papers to fortify our courses. In the last few years, however, we've started to see the appearance of some high-quality books to support our endeavors. Matt Bishop's book—Com-puter Security: Art and Science—is definitely hefty and packed with lots of information. It's a large book (with more than 1,000 pages), and it covers most any computer security topic that might be of interest. section discusses basic security issues at the definitional level. The Policy section addresses the relationship between policy and security, examining several types of policies in the process. Implementation I covers cryptography and its role in security.  II describes how to apply policy requirements in systems. The Assurance section, which Elisabeth Sullivan wrote, introduces assurance basics and formal methods. The Special Topics section discusses malicious logic, vulnerability analysis , auditing, and intrusion detection. Finally, the Practicum ties all the previously discussed material to real-world examples. A ninth additional section, called End Matter, discusses miscellaneous supporting mathematical topics and concludes with an example. At a publisher's list price of US$74.99, you'll want to know why you should consider buying such an expensive book. Several things set it apart from other, similar, offerings. Most importantly , the book provides numerous examples and, refreshingly, definitions. A vertical bar alongside the examples distinguishes them from other text, so picking them out is easy. The book also includes a bibliography of over 1,000 references. Additionally, each chapter includes a summary, suggestions for further reading, research issues, and practice exercises. The format and layout are good, and the fonts are readable. The book is aimed at several audiences , and the preface describes many roadmaps, one of which discusses dependencies among the various chapters. Instructors can use it at the advanced undergraduate level or for introductory graduate-level computer-security courses. The preface also includes a mapping of suggested topics for undergraduate and graduate courses, presuming a certain amount of math and theoretical computer-science background as prerequisites. Practitioners can use the book as a resource for information on specific topics; the examples in the Practicum are ideally suited for them. So, what's the final verdict? Practitioners will want to consider this book as a reference to add to their bookshelves. Teachers of advanced undergraduate or introductory …
SI-PI analysis and compliance test of HDMI 1.4b serial channel with IBIS-AMI

In this paper, signal and power integrity of complete High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) channel with IBIS-AMI model is presented. Gigahertz serialization and deserialization (SERDES) has become a leading inter-chip and inter-board data transmission technique in high-end computing devices. The IBIS-AMI model is used for circuit simulation of high-speed serial interfaces. A 3D frequency-domain simulator (FEM) was used to estimate the channel loss for data bus and HDMI connector. Compliance testing is performed for HDMI channels to ensure channel parameters are meeting HDMI specifications.
A Scalable Near-Memory Architecture for Training Deep Neural Networks on Large In-Memory Datasets

Most investigations into near-memory hardware accelerators for deep neural networks have primarily focused on inference, while the potential of accelerating training has received relatively little attention so far. Based on an in-depth analysis of the key computational patterns in state-of-the-art gradient-based training methods, we propose an efficient near-memory acceleration engine called NTX that can be used to train state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural networks at scale. Our main contributions are: (i) a loose coupling of RISC-V cores and NTX co-processors reducing offloading overhead by <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$7\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="schuiki-ieq1-2876312.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> over previously published results; (ii) an optimized IEEE 754 compliant data path for fast high-precision convolutions and gradient propagation; (iii) evaluation of near-memory computing with NTX embedded into residual area on the Logic Base die of a Hybrid Memory Cube; and (iv) a scaling analysis to meshes of HMCs in a data center scenario. We demonstrate a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.7\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mmlmath><inline-graphic xlink:href="schuiki-ieq2-2876312.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> energy efficiency improvement of NTX over contemporary GPUs at <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.4\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mmlmath><inline-graphic xlink:href="schuiki-ieq3-2876312.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> less silicon area, and a compute performance of 1.2 Tflop/s for training large state-of-the-art networks with full floating-point precision. At the data center scale, a mesh of NTX achieves above 95 percent parallel and energy efficiency, while providing <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.1\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mmlmath><inline-graphic xlink:href="schuiki-ieq4-2876312.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> energy savings or <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.1\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="schuiki-ieq5-2876312.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> performance improvement over a GPU-based system.
Health of the world's adolescents: a synthesis of internationally comparable data

Adolescence and young adulthood offer opportunities for health gains both through prevention and early clinical intervention. Yet development of health information systems to support this work has been weak and so far lagged behind those for early childhood and adulthood. With falls in the number of deaths in earlier childhood in many countries and a shifting emphasis to non-communicable disease risks, injuries, and mental health, there are good reasons to assess the present sources of health information for young people. We derive indicators from the conceptual framework for the Series on adolescent health and assess the available data to describe them. We selected indicators for their public health importance and their coverage of major health outcomes in young people, health risk behaviours and states, risk and protective factors, social role transitions relevant to health, and health service inputs. We then specify definitions that maximise international comparability. Even with this optimisation of data usage, only seven of the 25 indicators, covered at least 50% of the world's adolescents. The worst adolescent health profiles are in sub-Saharan Africa, with persisting high mortality from maternal and infectious causes. Risks for non-communicable diseases are spreading rapidly, with the highest rates of tobacco use and overweight, and lowest rates of physical activity, predominantly in adolescents living in low-income and middle-income countries. Even for present global health agendas, such as HIV infection and maternal mortality, data sources are incomplete for adolescents. We propose a series of steps that include better coordination and use of data collected across countries, greater harmonisation of school-based surveys, further development of strategies for socially marginalised youth, targeted research into the validity and use of these health indicators, advocating for adolescent-health information within new global health initiatives, and a recommendation that every country produce a regular report on the health of its adolescents.
1D sweep-and-prune self-collision detection for deforming cables

Detecting self-collision for cables and similar objects is an important part of numerous models in computational biology (protein chains), robotics (electric cables), hair modeling, computer graphics, etc. In this paper the 1D sweep-and-prune algorithm for detecting self-collisions of a deforming cable comprising linear segments is investigated. The sweep-and-prune algorithm is compared with other state-of-the-art self-collision detection algorithms for deforming cables and is shown to be up to an order of magnitude faster than existing algorithms for cables with a high proportion of segments moving. We also present a multi-threaded version of the algorithm and investigate its performance. In addition, we present worst-case bounds for 1D sweep-and-prune algorithms whereby the colliding objects do not exceed a certain object density, and apply these results to deforming cables.
A longitudinal evaluation of accessibility: higher education web sites

Using Internet Archive’s Wayback Machine, higher education web sites were retrospectively analyzed to study the effects that technological advances in web design have had on accessibility for persons with disabilities.  A convenience sample of higher education web sites was studied for years 1997-2002. The homepage and pages 1-level down were evaluated. Web accessibility barrier (WAB) and complexity scores were calculated. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine trends in the data and Pearson’s correlation (r) was computed to evaluate the relationship between accessibility and complexity.  Higher education web sites become progressively inaccessible as complexity increases.  The WAB score is a proxy of web accessibility. While the WAB score can give an indication of the accessibility of a web site, it cannot differentiate between barriers posing minimal limitations and those posing absolute inaccessibility. A future study is planned to have users with disabilities examine web sites with differing WAB scores to correlate how well the WAB score is gauging accessibility of web sites from the perspective of the user.  Findings from studies such as this can lead to improved guidelines, policies, and overall awareness of web accessibility for persons with disabilities.  There are limited studies that have taken a longitudinal look at the accessibility of web sites and explored the reasons for the trend of decreasing accessibility.
Grounding Visual Explanations (Extended Abstract)

Existing models  which generate textual explanations enforce task relevance through a discriminative term loss function, but such mechanisms only weakly constrain mentioned object parts to actually be present in the image. In this paper, a new model is proposed for generating explanations by utilizing localized grounding of constituent phrases in generated explanations to ensure image relevance. Specifically, we introduce a phrase-critic model to refine (re-score/re-rank) generated candidate explanations and employ a relative-attribute inspired ranking loss using ‘flipped’ phrases as negative examples for training. At test time, our phrase-critic model takes an image and a candidate explanation as input and outputs a score indicating how well the candidate explanation is grounded in the image.
Spiritual Needs through Dance / Movement Therapy when the Mind Dissipates in Dementia : Development of a Method

The question of how identity is affected when diagnosed with dementia is explored in this capstone thesis. With the rise of dementia diagnoses (Goldstein-Levitas, 2016) there is a need for understanding effective approaches to care as emotional components remain intact. The literature highlights the essence of personhood and how person-centered care (PCC) is essential to preventing isolation and impacting a sense of self and well-being (Killick, 2004). Meeting spiritual needs in the sense of hope and purpose may also improve quality of life and delay symptoms. Dance/movement therapy (DMT) is specifically highlighted as an effective approach as sessions incorporate the components to physically, emotionally, and spiritually stimulate the individual with dementia. A DMT intervention was developed and implemented at an assisted living facility in the Boston area within a specific unit dedicated to the care of residents who had a primary diagnosis of mild to severe dementia. A Chacian framework is used with sensory stimulation techniques to address physiological needs. Results indicated positive experiences from observations and merited the need to conduct more research to credit DMT’s effectiveness with geriatric populations.
Deep learning for fusing multi-sensor person-borne IED data

This paper presents the results from a feasibility study where an artificial neural network is applied to detect person-borne improvised explosive devices (IEDs) from imagery acquired using three different sensors; a radar array, an infrared (IR) camera, and a passive millimeter-wave camera. The data set was obtained from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate (S&T), and consists of hundreds of images of human subjects concealing various simulated IEDs, and clutter objects, beneath different types of clothing. The network used for detection is a hybrid, where feature extraction is performed using a multi-layer convolutional neural network, also known as a deep learning network, and final classification performed using a support vector machine (SVM). The performance of the combined network is scored using receiver operating curves for each IED type and sensor configuration. The results demonstrate (i) that deep learning is effective at extracting useful information from sensor imagery, and (ii) that performance is boosted significantly by combining complementary data from different sensor types.
An Indirect UPFC Model to Enhance Reusability of Newton Power-Flow Codes

Power-flow modeling of a unified power-flow controller (UPFC) increases the complexities of the computer program codes for a Newton-Raphson load-flow (NRLF) analysis. This is due to the fact that modifications of the existing codes are needed for computing power injections, and the elements of the Jacobian matrix to take into account the contributions of the series and shunt voltage sources of the UPFC. Additionally, new codes for computing the UPFC real-power injection terms as well as the associated Jacobian matrix need to be developed. To reduce this complexity of programming codes, in this paper, an indirect yet exact UPFC model is proposed. In the proposed model, an existing power system installed with UPFC is transformed into an augmented equivalent network without any UPFC. Due to the absence of any UPFC, the augmented network can easily be solved by reusing the existing NRLF computer codes to obtain the solution of the original network containing UPFC(s). As a result, substantial reduction in the complexities of the computer program codes takes place. Additionally, the proposed model can also account for various practical device limit constraints of the UPFC.
Pre-school children with and without developmental delay: behaviour problems and parenting stress over time.

Children with intellectual disability are at heightened risk for behaviour problems and diagnosed mental disorder.



The present authors studied the early manifestation and continuity of problem behaviours in 205 pre-school children with and without developmental delays.



Behaviour problems were quite stable over the year from age 36-48 months. Children with developmental delays were rated higher on behaviour problems than their non-delayed peers, and were three times as likely to score in the clinical range. Mothers and fathers showed high agreement in their rating of child problems, especially in the delayed group. Parenting stress was also higher in the delayed group, but was related to the extent of behaviour problems rather than to the child's developmental delay.



Over time, a transactional model fit the relationship between parenting stress and behaviour problems: high parenting stress contributed to a worsening in child behaviour problems over time, and high child behaviour problems contributed to a worsening in parenting stress. Findings for mothers and fathers were quite similar.
Interaction-aware occupancy prediction of road vehicles

A crucial capability of autonomous road vehicles is the ability to cope with the unknown future behavior of surrounding traffic participants. This requires using non-deterministic models for prediction. While stochastic models are useful for long-term planning, we use set-valued non-determinism capturing all possible behaviors in order to verify the safety of planned maneuvers. To reduce the set of solutions, our earlier work considers traffic rules; however, it neglects mutual influences between traffic participants. This work presents the first solution for establishing interaction within set-based prediction of traffic participants. Instead of explicitly modeling dependencies between vehicles, we trim reachable occupancy regions to consider interaction, which is computationally much more efficient. The usefulness of our approach is demonstrated by experiments from the CommonRoad benchmark repository.
RADical Strategies for Engineering Web-Scale Cloud Solutions

There's a large push toward offering solutions and services in the cloud due to its numerous advantages. However, there are no clear guidelines for designing and deploying cloud solutions that can seamlessly operate to handle Web-scale traffic. The authors review industry best practices and identify principles for operating Web-scale cloud solutions by deriving design patterns that enable each principle in cloud solutions. In addition, using a seemingly straightforward cloud service as an example, they explain the application of the identified patterns.
Development of a Camber Measurement System in a Hot Rolling Mill

Camber is one of the most significant defects in a hot rolling mill. This kind of defect may cause the clogging of finishing mill and producing some defects such as strip edge folds, edge cracks, holes, and scrapes etc. The environment conditions in a hot rolling mill are characterized by hot objects, dust and dense steam. Conventional methods for characterizing product parameters fail in these unfavorable measurement conditions. An alternative is optical measurement technique. It is non-contact and can be positioned in a safe location. The design and implementation of an image-based on-line camber measurement system in a hot rolling mill will be described in this paper. As the actual values are almost impossible to obtain, the relationship among measured camber and center-line deviation that measured by width gauge at the same position was studied to validate the results. The system has been currently installed and working in the hot rolling mill for ten months without any problem. By comparison with the measured results, the system has proved to be reasonably accurate.
Juvenile dermatomyositis: new developments in pathogenesis, assessment and treatment.

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare, potentially life-threatening systemic autoimmune disease primarily affecting muscle and skin. Recent advances in the recognition, standardised assessment and treatment of JDM have been greatly facilitated by large collaborative research networks. Through these networks, a number of immunogenetic risk factors have now been defined, as well as a number of potential pathways identified in the aetio-pathogenesis of JDM. Myositis-associated and myositis-specific autoantibodies are helping to sub-phenotype JDM, defined by clinical features, outcomes and immunogenetic risk factors. Partially validated tools to assess disease activity and damage have assisted in standardising outcomes. Aggressive treatment approaches, including multiple initial therapies, as well as new drugs and biological therapies for refractory disease, offer promise of improved outcomes and less corticosteroid-related toxicity.
Proposal for Optimization of Spool Valve Flow Force Based on the MATLAB-AMESim-FLUENT Joint Simulation Method

This paper focuses on the open-center multi-way valve used in loader buckets. To solve the problem of excessive flow force that leads to spool clamping in the reset process, joint simulations adopting MATLAB, AMESim, and FLUENT were carried out. Boundary conditions play a decisive role in the results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. However, the boundary conditions of valve ports depend on the hydraulic system’s working condition and are significantly impacted by the port area, which has always been neglected. This paper starts with the port area calculation method, then the port area curves are input into the simulation hydraulic system, obtaining the flow curves of valve port as output, which are then applied as the boundary conditions of the spool valve CFD simulation. Therefore, the steady-state flow force of the spool valve is accurately calculated, and the result verifies the hypothesis that excess flow force causes spool clamping. Based on this, four kinds of structures were introduced in an attempt to improve the situation, and simulating calculation and theoretical analysis were adopted to verify the effects of improvement. Results show that the four structures could reduce the peak value of flow force by 17.8%, 60.6%, 61.6%, and 55.7%, respectively. Of the four, structures II, III, and IV can reduce the peak value of flow force to below reset spring force value, thus successfully avoiding the spool clamping caused by flow force.