nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Security analysis of the Internet of Things: A systematic literature review

Nowadays people are increasingly dependent on the Internet to conduct their daily activities. As a result of this has emerged the Internet of Things (IoT). Therefore, it has significantly increased the devices connected to the Internet; reaching around of 20 billion connected devices, and is expected to reach 50 billion in 2020. This has created great challenges for maintaining security and privacy of information because most mobile devices focus on connectivity and are including default settings where security is severely affected. This paper presents the results obtained by the protocol of systematic review to establish the current state of security in IoT devices. As a result of the review the main concerns, threats, attacks, challenges, and some countermeasures were detected.
E-waste : A Review of CRT ( Cathode Ray Tube ) Recycling

The developments in monitor technology have accelerated in recent years, acquiring a new dimension. The use of liquid crystal display (LCD) and light emitting diode (LED) monitors has rapidly reduced the use of cathode ray tube (CRT) technology in computers and televisions (TVs). As a result, such devices have accumulated as electronic waste and constitute a new problem. Large parts of electronic waste can be recycled for reuse. However, some types of waste, such as CRT TVs and computer monitors, form hazardous waste piles due to the toxic components (lead, barium, strontium) they contain. CRT monitors contain different types of glass constructions and they can therefore be recycled. However, the toxic substances they contain prevent them from being transformed into glass for everyday use. Furthermore, because CRT technology is obsolete, it is not profitable to use CRT as a raw material again. For this reason, poisonous components in glass ceramic structures found in CRT monitors can be confined and used in closed-loop recycling for various sectors.
Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation and Molecular Modeling Study of 1,2,4-Triazole-Based 4-Thiazolidinones

A series of 3-(2H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives (7c-l) was designed and synthesized. Their structures have been elucidated based on analytical and spectral data. They were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Compound 7h showed the highest activity against all tested strains, except P. vulgaris, with MIC 8 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL against S. aureus and C. albicans, respectively. Furthermore, Compounds 7c, 7h, and 7j demonstrated moderate anti-mycobacterium activity. The binding mode of the synthesized thiazolidinones to bacterial MurB enzyme was also studied. Good interactions between the docked compounds to the MurB active site were observed primarily with Asn83, Arg310, Arg188 and Ser82 amino acid residues.
Field-Programmable Analog Arrays Enable Analog Signal Processing Education

In a laboratory environment, the practicality and scope of experiments is often constrained by time and financial resources. In the digital hardware design arena, the development of programmable logic devices, such as field--programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), has greatly enhanced the student’s ability to design and synthesize complete systems within a short period of time and at a reasonable cost. Unfortunately, analog circuit design and signal processing have not enjoyed similar advances. However, new advances in field--programmable analog arrays (FPAAs) have created many new opportunities in analog circuit design and signal processing education. This paper will investigate the usefulness of these FPAAs as viable pedagogical tools. It will also explore the new methodologies in analog signal processing education that are available when FPAAs are brought into the classroom.
SPINS : Security Protocols for Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks will be widely deployed in the near future. While much research has focused on making these networksfeasible and useful, security has received little attention. We present a suite of security protocols optimized for sensor networks: SPINS.SPINS has two secure building blocks: SNEP and TESLA. SNEP includes: data confidentiality, two-party data authentication, and evidence of data freshness. TESLA provides authenticated broadcast for severely resourceconstrained environments. We implemented the above protocols, and show that they are practical even on minimal hardware: the performance of the protocol suite easily matches the data rate of our network. Additionally, we demonstrate that the suite can be used for building higher level protocols.
Leser–Trelat sign in metastasized malignant melanoma

The Leser–Trelat sign is defined as the association of multiple, eruptive seborrheic keratoses with an internal malignancy of a usually advanced stage. We report the case of malignant melanoma in an 82-year-old man covered with hundreds of greyish-dark seborrheic keratoses resembling a Christmas tree pattern, who was diagnosed with metastasized malignant melanoma involving the parotid gland and lymph nodes. Though the pathogenesis of Leser–Trelat sign is still unknown, spontaneous regression of the seborrheic keratoses following tumor reduction described in some cases argues for a paraneoplastic origin of this highly instructive clinical entity. Physicians should consider a workup for internal malignancy in patients presenting with multiple eruptive seborrheic keratoses.
Assessing Relative Sentence Complexity using an Incremental CCG Parser

Given a pair of sentences, we present computational models to assess if one sentence is simpler to read than the other. While existing models explored the usage of phrase structure features using a non-incremental parser, experimental evidence suggests that the human language processor works incrementally. We empirically evaluate if syntactic features from an incremental CCG parser are more useful than features from a non-incremental phrase structure parser. Our evaluation on Simple and Standard Wikipedia sentence pairs suggests that incremental CCG features are indeed more useful than phrase structure features achieving 0.44 points gain in performance. Incremental CCG parser also gives significant improvements in speed (12 times faster) in comparison to the phrase structure parser. Furthermore, with the addition of psycholinguistic features, we achieve the strongest result to date reported on this task. Our code and data can be downloaded from https://github. com/bharatambati/sent-compl.
Hormone-replacement therapy: current thinking

For several decades, the role of hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) has been debated. Early observational data on HRT showed many benefits, including a reduction in coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality. More recently, randomized trials, including the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), studying mostly women many years after the the onset of menopause, showed no such benefit and, indeed, an increased risk of CHD and breast cancer, which led to an abrupt decrease in the use of HRT. Subsequent reanalyzes of data from the WHI with age stratification, newer randomized and observational data and several meta-analyses now consistently show reductions in CHD and mortality when HRT is initiated soon after menopause. HRT also significantly decreases the incidence of various symptoms of menopause and the risk of osteoporotic fractures, and improves quality of life. In younger healthy women (aged 50–60 years), the risk–benefit balance is positive for using HRT, with risks considered rare. As no validated primary prevention strategies are available for younger women (<60 years of age), other than lifestyle management, some consideration might be given to HRT as a prevention strategy as treatment can reduce CHD and all-cause mortality. Although HRT should be primarily oestrogen-based, no particular HRT regimen can be advocated.
emoval of brominated flame retardant from electrical and electronic waste lastic by solvothermal technique

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in electrical and electronic (E&E) waste plastic are toxic, bioaccumulative and recalcitrant. In the present study, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) contained in this type of plastic was tentatively subjected to solvothermal treatment so as to obtain bromine-free plastic. Methanol, ethanol and isopropanol were examined as solvents for solvothermal treatment and it was found that methanol was the optimal solvent for TBBPA removal. The optimum temperature, time and liquid to solid ratio for solvothermal treatment to remove TBBPA were 90 ◦C, 2 h and 15:1, respectively.
Power Control for D2D Underlay Cellular Networks with Imperfect CSI

Device-to-Device communications underlying the cellular infrastructure is a technology that has recently been proposed as a promising solution to enhance cellular network capabilities. However, interference is the major challenge since the same resources are shared by both systems. Therefore, interference management techniques are required to keep the interference under control. In this work, in order to mitigate interference, we consider centralized and distributed power control algorithms in a one-cell random network model. Differently from previous works, we are assuming that the channel state information may be imperfect and include estimation errors. We evaluate how this uncertainty impacts performances. In the centralized approach, we derive the optimal powers that maximize the coverage probability and the rate of the cellular user while scheduling as many D2D links as possible. These powers are computed at the base station (BS) and then delivered to the users, and hence the name "centralized". For the distributed method, the on-off power control and the truncated channel inversion are proposed. Expressions of coverage probabilities are established in function of D2D links intensity, pathloss exponent and estimation error variance.
Simple means of resolving issues of AC-TIG welding equipment

For creating welding joints in reactive metals such as in aluminum or magnesium using tungsten inert gas (AC-TIG) welding method the alternating current (AC) is passed from the electrode to work piece. Creation of proper and reliable and desirable rectangular shape AC current waveform across the arc gap causes large voltage stress (during transition) across all secondary side components of the equipment. Moreover, large energy stored in smoothing inductor is wasted. It is difficult to create robust protection mechanism for the secondary side power switching devices such as IGBT, the voltage stress in DC smoothing inductor would be high as well. The transition time is influenced by shielding gas, arc length etc. This article details that PIC micro-controller could be programmed to change the overlap time dynamically to enable the arc to utilize the large energy stored in the smoothing inductor of the welding circuit.
Design and Development of a Tilt-Wing UAV

In this paper, the mechanical and aerodynamic design, carbon composite production, hierarchical control system design and vertical flight tests of a new unmanned aerial vehicle, which is capable of VTOL (vertical takeoff and landing) like a helicopter and long range horizontal flight like an airplane, are presented. Real flight tests show that the aerial vehicle can successfully operate in VTOL mode. Kalman filtering is employed to obtain accurate roll and pitch angle estimations.
Representation Learning of Drug and Disease Terms for Drug Repositioning

Drug repositioning (DR) refers to identification of novel indications for the approved drugs. The requirement of huge investment of time as well as money and risk of failure in clinical trials have led to surge in interest in drug repositioning. DR exploits two major aspects associated with drugs and diseases: existence of similarity among drugs and among diseases due to their shared involved genes or pathways or common biological effects. Existing methods of identifying drug-disease association majorly rely on the information available in the structured databases only. On the other hand, abundant information available in form of free texts in biomedical research articles are not being fully exploited. Word-embedding or obtaining vector representation of words from a large corpora of free texts using neural network methods have been shown to give significant performance for several natural language processing tasks. In this work we propose a novel way of representation learning to obtain features of drugs and diseases by combining complementary information available in unstructured texts and structured datasets. Next we use matrix completion approach on these feature vectors to learn projection matrix between drug and disease vector spaces. The proposed method has shown competitive performance with state-of-the-art methods. Further, the case studies on Alzheimer's and Hypertension diseases have shown that the predicted associations are matching with the existing knowledge.
Two networks of electrically coupled inhibitory neurons in neocortex

Inhibitory interneurons are critical to sensory transformations, plasticity and synchronous activity in the neocortex. There are many types of inhibitory neurons, but their synaptic organization is poorly understood. Here we describe two functionally distinct inhibitory networks comprising either fast-spiking (FS) or low-threshold spiking (LTS) neurons. Paired-cell recordings showed that inhibitory neurons of the same type were strongly interconnected by electrical synapses, but electrical synapses between different inhibitory cell types were rare. The electrical synapses were strong enough to synchronize spikes in coupled interneurons. Inhibitory chemical synapses were also common between FS cells, and between FS and LTS cells, but LTS cells rarely inhibited one another. Thalamocortical synapses, which convey sensory information to the cortex, specifically and strongly excited only the FS cell network. The electrical and chemical synaptic connections of different types of inhibitory neurons are specific, and may allow each inhibitory network to function independently.
Fast memory addressing scheme for radix-4 FFT implementation

In this study, an efficient addressing scheme for radix-4 FFT processor is presented. The proposed method uses extra registers to buffer and reorder the data inputs of the butterfly unit. It avoids the modulo-r addition in the address generation; hence, the critical path is significantly shorter than the conventional radix-4 FFT implementations. A significant property of the proposed method is that the critical path of the address generator is independent from the FFT transform length N, making it extremely efficient for large FFT transforms. For performance evaluation, the new FFT architecture has been implemented by FPGA (Altera Stratix) hardware and also synthesized by CMOS 0.18µm technology. The results confirm the speed and area advantages for large FFTs. Although only radix-4 FFT address generation is presented in the paper, it can be used for higher radix FFT.
Strategic Information Systems Planning : A Review

Information has emerged as an agent of integration and the enabler of new competitiveness for today’s enterprise in the global marketplace. However, has the paradigm of strategic planning changed sufficiently to support the new role of information systems and technology? We reviewed the literature for commonly used or representative information planning methodologies and found that a new approach is needed. There are six methodologies reviewed in this paper. They all tend to regard planning as a separate stage which does not connect structurally and directly to the information systems development. An integration of planning with development and management through enterprise information resources which capture and characterize the enterprise will shorten the response cycle and even allow for economic evaluation of information system investment.
Non-Binary LDPC Code Optimization for Partial-Response Channels

In this paper, we analyze and optimize non- binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes for magnetic recording applications. While the topic of the error floor performance of binary LDPC codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels has recently received considerable attention, very little is known about the error floor performance of NB-LDPC codes over other types of channels, despite the early results demonstrating superior characteristics of NB-LDPC codes relative to their binary counterparts. We first show that, due to outer looping between detector and decoder in the receiver, the error profile of NB-LDPC codes over partial-response (PR) channels is qualitatively different from the error profile over AWGN channels - this observation motivates us to introduce new combinatorial definitions aimed at capturing decoding errors that dominate PR channel error floor region. We call these errors (or objects) balanced absorbing sets (BASs), which are viewed as a special subclass of previously introduced absorbing sets (ASs). Additionally, we prove that due to the more restrictive definition of BASs (relative to the more general class of ASs), an additional degree of freedom can be exploited in code design for PR channels. We then demonstrate that the proposed code optimization aimed at removing dominant BASs offers improvements in the frame error rate (FER) in the error floor region by up to 2.5 orders of magnitude over the uninformed designs. Our code optimization technique carefully yet provably removes BASs from the code while preserving its overall structure (node degree, quasi-cyclic property, regularity, etc.). The resulting codes outperform existing binary and NB-LDPC solutions for PR channels by about 2.5 and 1.5 orders of magnitude, respectively.
Permanent-Magnet Shape Optimization Effects on Synchronous Motor Performance

The magnet shape in permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous motors substantially affects the back-electromotive-force (EMF) waveform and the stator iron losses, which are of particular importance in traction applications, where the energy available in the battery box is limited. This paper presents a methodology based on geometry optimization, providing sinusoidal back-EMF waveform. The method has been applied in a surface PM motor case for electric vehicle, and its validity has been checked by measurements on two prototypes, the first one with constant magnet width and the second one with optimized magnet shape.
A variational-difference numerical method for designing progressive-addition lenses

We propose a variational-difference method for designing the optical free form surface of progressiveaddition lenses (PALs). The PAL, which has a front surface with three important zones including the far-view, near-view and intermediate zones, is often used to remedy presbyopia by distributing optical powers of the three zones progressively and smoothly. The problem for designing PALs could be viewed as a functional minimization problem. Compared with the existing literature which solved the problem by the B-spline finite elementmethod, the essence of the proposed variational-difference numerical method lies inminimizing the functional directly by finite differencemethod and/or numerical quadratures rather than in approximating the solution of the corresponding Euler–Lagrange equation to the functional. It is very easily understood and implemented by optical engineers, and the numerical results indicate that it can produce satisfactory designs for optical engineers in several seconds. We believe that our method can be a powerful candidate tool for designing various specifications of PALs.
Semantic Clustering of Search Engine Results

This paper presents a novel approach for search engine results clustering that relies on the semantics of the retrieved documents rather than the terms in those documents. The proposed approach takes into consideration both lexical and semantics similarities among documents and applies activation spreading technique in order to generate semantically meaningful clusters. This approach allows documents that are semantically similar to be clustered together rather than clustering documents based on similar terms. A prototype is implemented and several experiments are conducted to test the prospered solution. The result of the experiment confirmed that the proposed solution achieves remarkable results in terms of precision.
A game theoretic formulation of the service provisioning problem in cloud systems

Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm which allows the on-demand delivering of software, hardware, and data as services. As cloud-based services are more numerous and dynamic, the development of efficient service provisioning policies become increasingly challenging. Game theoretic approaches have shown to gain a thorough analytical understanding of the service provisioning problem.
 In this paper we take the perspective of Software as a Service (SaaS) providers which host their applications at an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provider. Each SaaS needs to comply with quality of service requirements, specified in Service Level Agreement (SLA) contracts with the end-users, which determine the revenues and penalties on the basis of the achieved performance level. SaaS providers want to maximize their revenues from SLAs, while minimizing the cost of use of resources supplied by the IaaS provider. Moreover, SaaS providers compete and bid for the use of infrastructural resources. On the other hand, the IaaS wants to maximize the revenues obtained providing virtualized resources. In this paper we model the service provisioning problem as a Generalized Nash game, and we propose an efficient algorithm for the run time management and allocation of IaaS resources to competing SaaSs.
Mobile robot navigation using Fuzzy logic controller

The proposed System assists the sensor based mobile robot navigation in an indoor environment using Fuzzy logic controller. Fuzzy logic control is well suited for controlling a mobile robot because it is capable of making inferences even under uncertainty. It assists rules generation and decision-making. It uses set of linguistic Fuzzy rules to implement expert knowledge under various situations. A Fuzzy logic system is designed with two basic behaviors- obstacle avoidance and a target seeking behavior. The inputs to the Fuzzy logic controller are the desired direction of motion and the readings from the sensors. The outputs from the Fuzzy logic controller are the accelerations of robot wheels. Under the proposed Fuzzy model, a mobile robot avoids the obstacles and generates the path towards the target.