nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Propagation Models and Performance Evaluation for 5G Millimeter-Wave Bands

Fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks are expected to operate at both microwave and millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands, including frequencies in the range of 24 to 86 GHz. Radio propagation models are used to help engineers design, deploy, and compare candidate wireless technologies, and have a profound impact on the decisions of almost every aspect of wireless communications. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the channel models that will likely be used in the design of 5G radio systems. We start with a discussion on the framework of channel models, which consists of classical models of path loss versus distance, large-scale, and small-scale fading models, and multiple-input multiple-output channel models. Then, key differences between mmWave and microwave channel models are presented, and two popular mmWave channel models are discussed: the 3rd Generation Partnership Project model, which is adopted by the International Telecommunication Union, and the NYUSIM model, which was developed from several years of field measurements in New York City. Examples on how to apply the channel models are then given for several diverse applications demonstrating the wide impact of the models and their parameter values, where the performance comparisons of the channel models are done with promising hybrid beamforming approaches, including leveraging coordinated multipoint transmission. These results show that the answers to channel performance metrics, such as spectrum efficiency, coverage, hardware/signal processing requirements, etc., are extremely sensitive to the choice of channel models.
Toward Massive Machine Type Cellular Communications

Cellular networks have been engineered and optimized to carrying ever-increasing amounts of mobile data, but over the last few years, a new class of applications based on machine-centric communications has begun to emerge. Automated devices such as sensors, tracking devices, and meters, often referred to as machine-to-machine (M2M) or machine-type communications (MTC), introduce an attractive revenue stream for mobile network operators, if a massive number of them can be efficiently supported. The novel technical challenges posed by MTC applications include increased overhead and control signaling as well as diverse application-specific constraints such as ultra-low complexity, extreme energy efficiency, critical timing, and continuous data intensive uploading. This article explains the new requirements and challenges that large-scale MTC applications introduce, and provides a survey of key techniques for overcoming them. We focus on the potential of 4.5G and 5G networks to serve both the high data rate needs of conventional human-type communication (HTC) subscribers and the forecasted billions of new MTC devices. We also opine on attractive economic models that will enable this new class of cellular subscribers to grow to its full potential.
Community discovery using nonnegative matrix factorization

Complex networks exist in a wide range of real world systems, such as social networks, technological networks, and biological networks. During the last decades, many researchers have concentrated on exploring some common things contained in those large networks include the small-world property, power-law degree distributions, and network connectivity. In this paper, we will investigate another important issue, community discovery, in network analysis. We choose Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) as our tool to find the communities because of its powerful interpretability and close relationship between clustering methods. Targeting different types of networks (undirected, directed and compound), we propose three NMF techniques (Symmetric NMF, Asymmetric NMF and Joint NMF). The correctness and convergence properties of those algorithms are also studied. Finally the experiments on real world networks are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Parametric study of UWB antenna loaded with stacked parasitic patch and reflector

This paper presents a parametric study of a UWB antenna loaded with parasitic patches on the front and metal sheets as reflectors on the back side. A maximum increase of 2.6dB in gain with a maximum gain of 10.4dBi was observed by increasing the number of parasitic patches but keeping their sizes fixed. Similarly by varying the size of the parasitic patches, gain increased by 5dB. Finally increasing the size of the metal reflector showed an increase of 3.5dB in gain. This parametric study provides the design guidelines for the best configuration of UWB antenna integrated with parasitic patches and metal reflectors.
Cultural diversity among nursing students: reanalysis of the cultural awareness scale.

Nurses are educated to provide culturally competent care. Cultural competence begins with cultural awareness, a concept previously measured with the Cultural Awareness Scale (CAS). The purpose of this study was to reanalyze the CAS to determine construct validity and differences in cultural awareness among students of varying educational levels and experiences. The sample consisted of 150 nursing students (92% female, 33.6% racial minorities). Confirmatory factor analysis yielded three factors (CFI = 0.868, TLI = 0.854, RMSEA = 0.065, and SRMR = 0.086). Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.70 to 0.89. There were significant differences among educational levels, with lower division BSN students generally scoring higher than upper division and master's of science in nursing students. Students who had taken courses on cultural diversity or global health generally outscored those who had not taken such courses. Findings support the validity of the CAS and its applicability to research studies of cultural awareness in nursing.
Sizing of Energy Storage and Diesel Generators in an Isolated Microgrid Using Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)

This paper proposes a method for coordinated sizing of energy storage (ES) and diesel generators in an isolated microgrid based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT). ES and diesel generators have different response characteristics and can complementarily compensate the generation-demand imbalance at different time scales. The DFT-based coordinated dispatch strategy allocates balance power between the two components through frequency-time domain transform. The proposed method ensures that ES and diesel generators work in their respective and most efficient, fit way. Diesel generators consecutively work at a high-level generation while ES compensates small and frequent power fluctuations. Then, the capacities of ES and diesel generators are determined based on the coordinated dispatch strategy. The proposed method can also be used in the planning of ES with other dispatchable sources such as micro-turbine or fuel-cell. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method and its advantages are demonstrated via a practical case study.
What I experienced yesterday is who I am today: relationship of work motivations and behaviors to within-individual variation in the five-factor model of personality.

Historically, organizational and personality psychologists have ignored within-individual variation in personality across situations or have treated it as measurement error. However, we conducted a 10-day experience sampling study consistent with whole trait theory (Fleeson, 2012), which conceptualizes personality as a system of stable tendencies and patterns of intraindividual variation along the dimensions of the Big Five personality traits (Costa & McCrae, 1992). The study examined whether (a) internal events (i.e., motivation), performance episodes, and interpersonal experiences at work predict deviations from central tendencies in trait-relevant behavior, affect, and cognition (i.e., state personality), and (b) there are individual differences in responsiveness to work experiences. Results revealed that personality at work exhibited both stability and variation within individuals. Trait measures predicted average levels of trait manifestation in daily behavior at work, whereas daily work experiences (i.e., organizational citizenship, interpersonal conflict, and motivation) predicted deviations from baseline tendencies. Additionally, correlations of neuroticism with standard deviations in the daily personality variables suggest that, although work experiences influence state personality, people higher in neuroticism exhibit higher levels of intraindividual variation in personality than do those who are more emotionally stable.
A New Framework for Synthetic Aperture Sonar Micronavigation

Synthetic aperture imaging systems achieve constant azimuth resolution by coherently summating the observations acquired along the aperture path. At this aim, their locations have to be known with subwavelength accuracy. In underwater Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS), the nature of propagation and navigation in water makes the retrieval of this information challenging. Inertial sensors have to be employed in combination with signal processing techniques, which are usually referred to as micronavigation. In this paper we propose a novel micronavigation approach based on the minimization of an error function between two contiguous pings having some mutual information. This error is obtained by comparing the vector space intersections between the pings orthogonal projectors. The effectiveness and generality of the proposed approach is demonstrated by means of simulations and by means of an experiment performed in a controlled environment.
Kinematics, Dynamics and Power Consumption Analyses for Turning Motion of a Six-Legged Robot

This paper deals with kinematics, dynamics and power consumption analyses of a six-legged robot generating turning motions to follow a circular path. Direct and inverse kinematics analysis has been carried out for each leg in order to develop an overall kinematics model of the six-legged robot. It aims to estimate energyoptimal feet forces and joint torques of the sixlegged robot, which are necessary to have for its real-time control. To determine the optimum feet forces, two approaches are developed, such as minimization of norm of feet forces and minimization of norm of joint torques using a least square method, and their performances are compared. The developed kinematics and dynamics models are tested through computer simulations for generating turning motion of a statically stable sixlegged robot over flat terrain with four different duty factors. The maximum values of feet forces and joint torques decrease with the increase of duty factor. A power consumption model has S. S. Roy Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India e-mail: ssroy99@yahoo.com D. K. Pratihar (B) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India e-mail: dkpra@mech.iitkgp.ernet.in been derived for the statically stable wave gaits to minimize the power requirement for both optimal foot force distributions and optimal foot-hold selection. The variations of average power consumption with the height of the trunk body and radial offset have been analyzed in order to find out energy-optimal foothold. A parametric study on energy consumption has been carried out by varying angular velocity of the robot to minimize the total energy consumption during locomotion. It has been found that the energy consumption decreases with the increase of angular velocity for a particular traveled distance.
An Intelligent RFID Reader and its Application in Airport Baggage Handling System

In civil aviation baggage handing application, the RFID tags are used to enhance the ability for baggage tracking, dispatching and conveyance, so as to improve the management efficiency and the users' satisfaction. An intelligent RFID reader which has the ability of data disposal and provides EPC Edge Savant services is presented. The prototype readers and its experiment in the airport baggage handling system are also introduced. The workflow of the reader can be configured dynamically, which makes the deployment much more flexible. Real-time tasks can also be assigned to implement edge business process by the intelligent reader.
A real-time COFDM transmission system based on the GNU radio: USRP N210 platform

The term "Software Defined Radio" (SDR) has become familiar in research and development of wireless communication systems today. SDR allows users to adjust a system with its flexibility and re-configurability for any frequency band and different modulation of various physical parameters by using programmable hardware and software. In this paper, we implement an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system combined with channel coding blocks based on Software-Defined Radio. The software design and implementation are proposed for a GNU Radio-based OFDM system in real-time wireless transmission. Different scenarios with and without channel coding have been implemented in order to evaluate the Packet Failure Rate (PFR) performance. Quadrature amplitude modulation QAM-16, convolutional encoder combined with block interleaver and Viterbi decoder are deployed for the implementation. It is shown that the introduction of channel coding blocks into GNU Radio-based OFDM system reduced the PFR of data signals transmitted over Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) boards.
Self-affirmation underlies Facebook use.

Social network sites, such as Facebook, have acquired an unprecedented following, yet it is unknown what makes them so attractive to users. Here we propose that these sites' popularity can be understood through the fulfillment of ego needs. We use self-affirmation theory to hypothesize why and when people spend time on their online profiles. Study 1 shows that Facebook profiles are self-affirming in the sense of satisfying users' need for self-worth and self-integrity. Study 2 shows that Facebook users gravitate toward their online profiles after receiving a blow to the ego, in an unconscious effort to repair their perceptions of self-worth. In addition to illuminating some of the psychological factors that underlie Facebook use, the results provide an important extension to self-affirmation theory by clarifying how self-affirmation operates in people's everyday environments.
Characterization of Silicided Polysilicon Fuse Implemented in 65nm Logic CMOS Technology

NiSi electrically programmable fuses (eFUSE) were fabricated and investigated using 65 nm logic CMOS technology. The optimization of fuse program was achieved by analyzing electrical and physical responses of fuse bits for various conditions. Controlled electromigration of Ni during fuse program was identified as a key factor in achieving reliably high post-program fuse resistance.
A tool-supported compliance process for software systems

Laws and regulations impact the design of software systems, as they may introduce additional requirements and possible conflicts with pre-existing requirements. We propose a systematic, tool-supported process for establishing compliance of a software system with a given law. The process elicits new requirements from the law, compares them with existing ones and manages conflicts, exploiting a set of heuristics, partially supported by a tool. We illustrate our proposal through an exploratory study using the Italian Privacy Law. We also present results of a preliminary empirical study that indicates that adoption of the process improves compliance analysis for a simple compliance scenario.
Polydendrocytes (NG2 cells): multifunctional cells with lineage plasticity

NG2 cells (also known as polydendrocytes) are a population of CNS cells that are distinct from neurons, mature oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia. They can be identified by the expression of the proteoglycan NG2, have a highly branched morphology and are distributed throughout the grey and white matter. They differentiate into oligodendrocytes in vitro and have often been equated with oligodendrocyte precursor cells. However, whether polydendrocytes are multipotential cells that can give rise to neurons and astrocytes as well as oligodendrocytes is now highly debated. Furthermore, electrophysiological studies indicate that polydendrocytes receive synaptic input from neurons, suggesting that they are integrated in the neural network. This Review highlights recent findings and unresolved questions related to the lineage and function of polydendrocytes in the CNS.
Molding process development for high density I/Os Fan-Out Wafer Level Package (FOWLP) with fine pitch RDL

With the perpetual demand for greater functionalities, better performance and greater energy efficiency at cheaper manufacturing cost and smaller form factor, Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging (FOWLP) technology has emerged as one of the most promising technology in fulfilling the demands from electronic devices for mobile and network applications. In our FOWLP mold-first approach development work, we developed the 300mm compression molding process for high density input/output (IO)s reconstituted FOWLP mold wafer fabricated with fine pitch redistributed layer (RDL) of line width / line space (LW/LS) ≤5/5μm using the conventional mold-first approach. Our compression molding process development aims to achieve a chip-to-mold non planarity ≤3μm, warpage of reconstituted FOWLP mold wafer ≤1mm and wafer level die shift ≤10μm. In this paper, we will discuss on the 300mm compression molding development work like materials selection, pick-and-place (PnP) process parameters and die shift compensation via constant and dynamic pre-shift methodologies in achieving our targeted specifications for the fabrication of fine pitch RDL FOWLP.
Efficient Algorithms for Citation Network Analysis

In the paper very efficient, linear in number of arcs, algorithms for determining Hummon and Doreian’s arc weights SPLC and SPNP in citation network are proposed, and some theoretical properties of these weights are presented. The nonacyclicity problem in citation networks is discussed. An approach to identify on the basis of arc weights an important small subnetwork is proposed and illustrated on the citation networks of SOM (self organizing maps) literature and US patents.
Digital pulse width modulator architectures

This paper presents a survey and classification of architectures for integrated circuit implementation of digital pulse-width modulators (DPWM) targeting digital control of high-frequency switching DC-DC power converters. Previously presented designs are identified as particular cases of the proposed classification. In order to optimize circuit resources in terms of occupied area and power consumption, a general architecture based on tapped delay lines is proposed, which includes segmentation of the input digital code to drive binary weighted delay cells and thermometer-decoded unary delay cells. Integrated circuit design of a particular example of the segmented DPWM is described. The segmented DPWM prototype chip operates at 1 MHz switching frequency and has low power consumption and very small silicon area (0.07 mm/sup 2/ in a standard 0.5 micron CMOS process). Experimental results validate the functionality of the proposed segmented DPWM.
Advanced PID attitude control of a quadcopter using asynchronous android flight data

In this paper, we implement an advanced modelfree PID controller for a DJI F450 quadcopter which is controlled and stabilized by a non-rooted onboard Android smartphone, without the aid of an external IMU. Furthermore, since Android is not a realtime system, the control commands and sensor measurements are subject to significant latencies, and hence the PID controller is modified to account for non-trivial measurement asynchronicities. While baseline PID control is widely used with no further modifications, we show that some features can be added to obtain better performance in the presence of latencies and noise.
Cloud computing adoption by SMEs in the north east of England: A multi-perspective framework

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a growing body of research on cloud computing, by studying the small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) adoption process. If SMEs have access to scalable technologies they could potentially deliver products and services that in the past only large enterprises could deliver, flattening the competitive arena.  By adopting the Technological, Organisational and Environmental (TOE) framework as a theoretical base, this qualitative exploratory study used semi-structured interviews to collect data in 15 different SMEs and service providers in the north east of England. The north east of England was selected as it is a region that aspires to become home to innovative digital firms and most of the companies in the region are SMEs.  The main factors that were identified as playing a significant role in SME adoption of cloud services were: relative advantage, uncertainty, geo-restriction, compatibility, trialability, size, top management support, prior experience, innovativeness, industry, market scope, supplier efforts and external computing support. In contrast, this study did not find enough evidence that competitive pressure was a significant determinant of cloud computing adoption.  These findings have important implications and great value to the research community, managers and information and communication technologies (ICT) providers, in terms of formulating better strategies for cloud computing adoption. For service providers, using the research model in this study can assist in increasing their understanding of why some SMEs choose to adopt cloud computing services, while seemingly similar ones facing similar market conditions do not. Also, cloud computing providers may need to improve their interaction with SMEs which are involved in the cloud computing experience, in an effort to create a healthy environment for cloud computing adoption, and to remove any vagueness surrounding this type of technology.  This study is an attempt to explore and develop an SME cloud computing adoption model that was theoretically grounded in the TOE framework. By adopting the TOE framework this study has shown that the three contexts of this framework (technological, organisational, and environmental) are connected to each other.
Using Summarization to Discover Argument Facets in Online Idealogical Dialog

More and more of the information available on the web is dialogic, and a significant portion of it takes place in online forum conversations about current social and political topics. We aim to develop tools to summarize what these conversations are about. What are the CENTRAL PROPOSITIONS associated with different stances on an issue; what are the abstract objects under discussion that are central to a speaker’s argument? How can we recognize that two CENTRAL PROPOSITIONS realize the same FACET of the argument? We hypothesize that the CENTRAL PROPOSITIONS are exactly those arguments that people find most salient, and use human summarization as a probe for discovering them. We describe our corpus of human summaries of opinionated dialogs, then show how we can identify similar repeated arguments, and group them into FACETS across many discussions of a topic. We define a new task, ARGUMENT FACET SIMILARITY (AFS), and show that we can predict AFS with a .54 correlation score, versus an ngram system baseline of .39 and a semantic textual similarity system baseline of .45.