nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Performance for 804.15.4 ZigBee and 6LoWPAN Protocols

This paper addresses the low power mechanisms provided by the ZigBee and the 6LoWPAN Protocol, providing comparative assessments based on the results obtained by different researchers and available in specialized literature, running through experimental measurements on digital test banks. For a performance comparison, the parameters of each protocol have been adjusted so that it is able to function properly in low power mode and make the measurement scenarios equivalent in terms of traffic and energy efficiency. The comparison focuses on the impact of the mechanisms of low power in the performance of the network. Experimental evaluations mentioned, show strengths and weaknesses of both protocols when working in a low power mode.
Trust calibration within a human-robot team: Comparing automatically generated explanations

Trust is a critical factor for achieving the full potential of human-robot teams. Researchers have theorized that people will more accurately trust an autonomous system, such as a robot, if they have a more accurate understanding of its decision-making process. Studies have shown that hand-crafted explanations can help maintain trust when the system is less than 100% reliable. In this work, we leverage existing agent algorithms to provide a domain-independent mechanism for robots to automatically generate such explanations. To measure the explanation mechanism's impact on trust, we collected self-reported survey data and behavioral data in an agent-based online testbed that simulates a human-robot team task. The results demonstrate that the added explanation capability led to improvement in transparency, trust, and team performance. Furthermore, by observing the different outcomes due to variations in the robot's explanation content, we gain valuable insight that can help lead to refinement of explanation algorithms to further improve human-robot trust calibration.
Intermodulation: Improvisation and Collaborative Art Practice for HCI

This paper integrates theory, ethnography, and collaborative artwork to explore improvisational activity as both topic and tool of multidisciplinary HCI inquiry. Building on theories of improvisation drawn from art, music, HCI and social science, and two ethnographic studies based on interviews, participant observation and collaborative art practice, we seek to elucidate the improvisational nature of practice in both art and ordinary action, including human-computer interaction. We identify five key features of improvisational action -- reflexivity, transgression, tension, listening, and interdependence -- and show how these can deepen and extend both linear and open-ended methodologies in HCI and design. We conclude by highlighting collaborative engagement based on 'intermodulation' as a tool of multidisciplinary inquiry for HCI research and design.
Effect of lurasidone on neurocognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia: A short-term placebo- and active-controlled study followed by a 6-month double-blind extension

This double-blind study evaluated change in cognitive performance and functional capacity in lurasidone and quetiapine XR-treated schizophrenia patients over a 6-week, placebo-controlled study, followed by a 6-month, double-blind extension. Cognitive performance and functional capacity were assessed with the CogState computerized cognitive battery and the UPSA-B. Analyses were conducted for all subjects, as well as the subsample whose test scores met prespecified validity criteria. No statistically significant differences were found for change in the composite neurocognitive score for lurasidone (80 mg/day and 160 mg/day) groups, quetiapine XR and placebo in the full sample at week 6. For the evaluable sample (N = 267), lurasidone 160 mg was superior to both placebo and quetiapine on the neurocognitive composite, while lurasidone 80 mg, quetiapine XR, and placebo did not differ. UPSA-B scores were superior to placebo at 6 weeks for all treatments. In the double-blind extension study, analysis of the full sample showed significantly better cognitive performance in the lurasidone (40-160 mg) group compared to the quetiapine XR (200-800 mg) group at both 3 and 6 months. Cognitive and UPSA-B total scores were significantly correlated at baseline and for change over time. This is the first study to date where the investigational treatment was superior to placebo on both cognitive assessments and a functional coprimary measure at 6 weeks, as well as demonstrated superiority to an active comparator on cognitive assessments at 6 weeks and at 6 months of extension study treatment. These findings require replication, but are not due to practice effects, because of the placebo and active controls.
Software Architectures: A Comparative Study for Web Based Applications

Correct architecture is the backbone of the successful software. To address the complexity of the growing software there are different architectural models that are designed to handle this problem. The most important thing is to differentiate software architecture from software design. As the web based applications are developed under tight schedule and in quickly changing environment, the developers have to face different problematical situations. Therefore understanding of the components of architectures, specially designed for web based applications is crucial to overcome these challenging situations. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize on possible architectural solutions for web based applications. Different types of software architectures that are based on different architectural styles are compared according to the nature of software. Keyword: Component based architecture, Layered architecture, Service oriented architecture, Web applications.
Design Guidelines for Gap Waveguide Technology Based on Glide-Symmetric Holey Structures

The behavior of a glide-symmetric holey periodic structure as electromagnetic bandgap is studied in this letter. A number of numerical simulations have been carried out in order to define the importance of each constituent parameter of the unit cell. Our proposed structure finds potential application in antennas and circuits based on gap waveguide technology for the millimeter band. The experimental verifications confirm the effects previously analyzed with the numerical studies.
Nonparametric Kernel-based Sequential Investment Strategies

The purpose of this paper is to introduce sequential investment strategies that guarantee an optimal rate of growth of the capital, under minimal assumptions on the behavior of the market. The new strategies are analyzed both theoretically and empirically. The theoretical results show that the asymptotic rate of growth matches the optimal one that one could achieve with a full knowledge of the statistical properties of the underlying process generating the market, under the only assumption that the market is stationary and ergodic. The empirical results show that the performance of the proposed investment strategies measured on past NYSE and currency exchange data is solid, and sometimes even spectacular.
Interactive wearable systems for upper body rehabilitation: a systematic review

The development of interactive rehabilitation technologies which rely on wearable-sensing for upper body rehabilitation is attracting increasing research interest. This paper reviews related research with the aim: 1) To inventory and classify interactive wearable systems for movement and posture monitoring during upper body rehabilitation, regarding the sensing technology, system measurements and feedback conditions; 2) To gauge the wearability of the wearable systems; 3) To inventory the availability of clinical evidence supporting the effectiveness of related technologies. A systematic literature search was conducted in the following search engines: PubMed, ACM, Scopus and IEEE (January 2010–April 2016). Forty-five papers were included and discussed in a new cuboid taxonomy which consists of 3 dimensions: sensing technology, feedback modalities and system measurements. Wearable sensor systems were developed for persons in: 1) Neuro-rehabilitation: stroke (n = 21), spinal cord injury (n = 1), cerebral palsy (n = 2), Alzheimer (n = 1); 2) Musculoskeletal impairment: ligament rehabilitation (n = 1), arthritis (n = 1), frozen shoulder (n = 1), bones trauma (n = 1); 3) Others: chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (n = 1), chronic pain rehabilitation (n = 1) and other general rehabilitation (n = 14). Accelerometers and inertial measurement units (IMU) are the most frequently used technologies (84% of the papers). They are mostly used in multiple sensor configurations to measure upper limb kinematics and/or trunk posture. Sensors are placed mostly on the trunk, upper arm, the forearm, the wrist, and the finger. Typically sensors are attachable rather than embedded in wearable devices and garments; although studies that embed and integrate sensors are increasing in the last 4 years. 16 studies applied knowledge of result (KR) feedback, 14 studies applied knowledge of performance (KP) feedback and 15 studies applied both in various modalities. 16 studies have conducted their evaluation with patients and reported usability tests, while only three of them conducted clinical trials including one randomized clinical trial. This review has shown that wearable systems are used mostly for the monitoring and provision of feedback on posture and upper extremity movements in stroke rehabilitation. The results indicated that accelerometers and IMUs are the most frequently used sensors, in most cases attached to the body through ad hoc contraptions for the purpose of improving range of motion and movement performance during upper body rehabilitation. Systems featuring sensors embedded in wearable appliances or garments are only beginning to emerge. Similarly, clinical evaluations are scarce and are further needed to provide evidence on effectiveness and pave the path towards implementation in clinical settings.
Linking Data and BPMN Processes to Achieve Executable Models

We describe a formally well founded approach to link data and processes conceptually, based on adopting UML class diagrams to represent data, and BPMN to represent the process. The UML class diagram together with a set of additional process variables, called Artifact, form the information model of the process. All activities of the BPMN process refer to such an information model by means of OCL operation contracts. We show that the resulting semantics while abstract is fully executable. We also provide an implementation of the executor.
Replacement of Highly Educated Surgical Assistants by Robot Technology in Working Life: Paradigm Shift in the Service Sector

This article highlights the thus far unexplained social and professional effects raised by robotization in surgical applications, and further develops an understanding of social acceptance among professional users of robots in the healthcare sector. It presents findings from ethnographic workplace research on human-robot interactions (HRI) in a population of twenty-three professionals. When considering all the findings, the latest da Vinci system equipped with four robotic arms substitutes two table-side surgical assistants, in contrast to the single-arm AESOP robot that only substitutes one surgical assistant. The adoption of robots and the replacement of surgical assistants provide clear evidence that robots are well-accepted among operating surgeons. Because HRI decrease the operating surgeon’s dependence on social assistance and since they replace the work tasks of surgical assistants, the robot is considered a surrogate artificial work partner and worker. This finding is consistent with prior HRI research indicating that users, through their cooperation with robots, often become less reliant on supportive social actions. This research relates to societal issues and provides the first indication that highly educated knowledge workers are beginning to be replaced by robot technology in working life and therefore points towards a paradigm shift in the service sector.
Extreme reductions: contraction of disyllables into monosyllables in taiwan Mandarin

This study investigates a severe form of segmental reduction known as contraction. In Taiwan Mandarin, a disyllabic word or phrase is often contracted into a monosyllabic unit in conversational speech, just as “do not” is often contracted into “don’t” in English. A systematic experiment was conducted to explore the underlying mechanism of such contraction. Preliminary results show evidence that contraction is not a categorical shift but a gradient undershoot of the articulatory target as a result of time pressure. Moreover, contraction seems to occur only beyond a certain duration threshold. These findings may further our understanding of the relation between duration and segmental reduction.
Nested Kernel: An Operating System Architecture for Intra-Kernel Privilege Separation

Monolithic operating system designs undermine the security of computing systems by allowing single exploits anywhere in the kernel to enjoy full supervisor privilege. The nested kernel operating system architecture addresses this problem by "nesting" a small isolated kernel within a traditional monolithic kernel. The "nested kernel" interposes on all updates to virtual memory translations to assert protections on physical memory, thus significantly reducing the trusted computing base for memory access control enforcement. We incorporated the nested kernel architecture into FreeBSD on x86-64 hardware while allowing the entire operating system, including untrusted components, to operate at the highest hardware privilege level by write-protecting MMU translations and de-privileging the untrusted part of the kernel. Our implementation inherently enforces kernel code integrity while still allowing dynamically loaded kernel modules, thus defending against code injection attacks. We also demonstrate that the nested kernel architecture allows kernel developers to isolate memory in ways not possible in monolithic kernels by introducing write-mediation and write-logging services to protect critical system data structures. Performance of the nested kernel prototype shows modest overheads: <1% average for Apache and 2.7% for kernel compile. Overall, our results and experience show that the nested kernel design can be retrofitted to existing monolithic kernels, providing important security benefits.
An Integrated Approach of Automatic Road Extraction and Evaluation From Remotely Sensed Imagery

This paper proposed an integrated approach for automatic road extraction from remotely sensed imagery by combining digital image processing, remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. Roads are modeled as continuous single lines with bar-shaped or parabolic-shaped profiles in the direction perpendicular to the road. The roads are extracted based on differential geometric properties. Then, further GIS operations are processed to get vector roads with better cartographic quality. Landsat7 ETM+ data with 30 meters resolution, 1 meter USGS DOQ (Digital Ortho Quad), 1 meter IKONOS image and 0.25 meter scanned aerial photograph are used to test this approach. The results are evaluated by comparing to manually acquired road data. Several quality measures (Completeness, Correctness, Quality etc.) are used for accuracy assessment. The results show that this approach can extract more than 90% roads if the contrast is sufficient. A set of algorithms has been successfully developed in a GIS environment. The integration of GIS and remote sensing technologies provides a promising approach for GIS data collecting and updating.
Cyber-physical system design contracts

This paper introduces design contracts between control and embedded software engineers for building Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). CPS design involves a variety of disciplines mastered by teams of engineers with diverse backgrounds. Many system properties influence the design in more than one discipline. The lack of clearly defined interfaces between disciplines burdens the interaction and collaboration. We show how design contracts can facilitate interaction between 2 groups: control and software engineers. A design contract is an agreement on certain properties of the system. Every party specifies requirements and assumptions on the system and the environment. This contract is the central point of interdomain communication and negotiation. Designs can evolve independently if all parties agree to a contract or designs can be modified iteratively in negotiation processes. The main challenge lies in the definition of a concise but sufficient contract. We discuss design contracts that specify timing and functionality, two important properties control and software engineers have to agree upon. Various design approaches have been established and implemented successfully to address timing and functionality. We formulate those approaches as design contracts and propose guidelines on how to choose, derive and employ them. Modeling and simulation support for the design contracts is discussed using an illustrative example.
TASC: Combining Virtual Reality with Tangible and Embodied Interactions to Support Spatial Cognition

A growing body of empirical evidence from the cognitive sciences shows that physical experience can enhance cognition in areas that involve spatial thinking. At the same time, virtual environments provide opportunities to engage learners with novel spatial tasks that cannot be achieved in the real world. Yet combining virtual worlds with tangible interfaces to engage spatial cognition is still not a well-explored area. This paper describes the TASC (Tangibles for Augmenting Spatial Cognition) system, which combines movement tracking and tangible objects in order to create a strong sense of embodiment in a virtual environment for spatial puzzle solving, designed to engage perspective taking ability. We describe the motivation, design process, and development of TASC. We also report the results from our user study, showing the participants' positive experiences, linking to future research opportunities.
Current concepts for injury prevention in athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Ligament reconstruction is the current standard of care for active patients with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Although the majority of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) surgeries successfully restore the mechanical stability of the injured knee, postsurgical outcomes remain widely varied. Less than half of athletes who undergo ACLR return to sport within the first year after surgery, and it is estimated that approximately 1 in 4 to 1 in 5 young, active athletes who undergo ACLR will go on to a second knee injury. The outcomes after a second knee injury and surgery are significantly less favorable than outcomes after primary injuries. As advances in graft reconstruction and fixation techniques have improved to consistently restore passive joint stability to the preinjury level, successful return to sport after ACLR appears to be predicated on numerous postsurgical factors. Importantly, a secondary ACL injury is most strongly related to modifiable postsurgical risk factors. Biomechanical abnormalities and movement asymmetries, which are more prevalent in this cohort than previously hypothesized, can persist despite high levels of functional performance, and also represent biomechanical and neuromuscular control deficits and imbalances that are strongly associated with secondary injury incidence. Decreased neuromuscular control and high-risk movement biomechanics, which appear to be heavily influenced by abnormal trunk and lower extremity movement patterns, not only predict first knee injury risk but also reinjury risk. These seminal findings indicate that abnormal movement biomechanics and neuromuscular control profiles are likely both residual to, and exacerbated by, the initial injury. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) strategies should be used to develop effective, efficacious interventions targeted to these impairments to optimize the safe return to high-risk activity. In this Current Concepts article, the authors present the latest evidence related to risk factors associated with ligament failure or a secondary (contralateral) injury in athletes who return to sport after ACLR. From these data, they propose an EBM paradigm shift in postoperative rehabilitation and return-to-sport training after ACLR that is focused on the resolution of neuromuscular deficits that commonly persist after surgical reconstruction and standard rehabilitation of athletes.
Extended development of LinuxCNC for control of a Delta robot

In recent years, open architecture motion controllers, including those for CNC machines and robots, have received much interest and support among the global control and automation community. This paper presents work done in extending a well-known and supported open-source control software called LinuxCNC for the control of a Delta robot, a translational parallel mechanism. Key features in the development process are covered and discussed and the final customized system based on LinuxCNC described.
Impact of environmental conditions (pH, ionic strength, and electrolyte type) on the surface charge and aggregation of silver nanoparticles suspensions.

The impact of capping agents and environmental conditions (pH, ionic strength, and background electrolytes) on surface charge and aggregation potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) suspensions were investigated. Capping agents are chemicals used in the synthesis of nanoparticles to prevent aggregation. The AgNPs examined in the study were as follows: (a) uncoated AgNPs (H(2)-AgNPs), (b) electrostatically stabilized (citrate and NaBH(4)-AgNPs), (c) sterically stabilized (polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-AgNPs), and (d) electrosterically stabilized (branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI)-AgNPs)). The uncoated (H(2)-AgNPs), the citrate, and NaBH(4)-coated AgNPs aggregated at higher ionic strengths (100 mM NaNO(3)) and/or acidic pH (3.0). For these three nanomaterials, chloride (Cl(-), 10 mM), as a background electrolyte, resulted in a minimal change in the hydrodynamic diameter even at low pH (3.0). This was limited by the presence of residual silver ions, which resulted in the formation of stable negatively charged AgCl colloids. Furthermore, the presence of Ca(2+) (10 mM) resulted in aggregation of the three previously identified AgNPs regardless of the pH. As for PVP coated AgNPs, the ionic strength, pH and electrolyte type had no impact on the aggregation of the sterically stabilized AgNPs. The surface charge and aggregation of the BPEI coated AgNPs varied according to the solution pH.
A genetic algorithm for continuous design space search

Genetic algorithms (GAs) have been extensively used as a means for performing global optimization in a simple yet reliable manner. However, in some realistic engineering design optimization domains the simple, classical implementation of a GA based on binary encoding and bit mutation and crossover is often ineecient and unable to reach the global optimum. In this paper we describe a GA for continuous design-space optimization that uses new GA operators and strategies tailored to the structure and properties of engineering design domains. Empirical results in the domains of supersonic transport aircraft and supersonic missile inlets demonstrate that the newly formulated GA can be signiicantly better than the classical GA in both eeciency and reliability.
Digital Image Processing : Automated X-Ray Inspection in Electronics Manufacturing

In this paper, we examine two dimensional transmission and three dimensional laminography, as implemented in two Automated X-Ray Inspection (AXI) industrial machines used for inspection of Surface Mount Technology (SMT) solder joint connections in electronics manufacturing: the Teradyne XStation and Agilent 5DX. Factors affecting xray image quality, such as the size of the focal spot, the x-ray source spectrum and energy absorption in the target material are described. This report is also available at [http://www.cs.dal.ca/ ∼boardman].