nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving the helical antenna performance by changing the pitch angle and the shape of reflector

The modification of the conventional helical antenna by two pitch angles and a truncated cone reflector was analyzed. Limits of the axial radiation mode were examined by criteria defined with axial ratio, HPBW and SLL of the antenna. Gain increase was achieved but the bandwidth of the axial radiation mode remained almost the same. The practical adjustment was made on helical antenna with dielectric cylinder and measured in a laboratory. The measurement results confirmed the improvement of the conventional antenna in terms of gain increase.
Structure-aware transfer of facial blendshapes

This paper presents a novel mesh deformation method for transferring reference facial blendshapes to a source face model. The presented method uses information provided by a source and a reference face model to analyze the mesh similarities and, consequently, to transfer the deformation. This is achieved by considering the distribution of vertices between the two face models in conjunction with the gradients of the meshes. Both of these components are assigned to an optimization function that is solved in two steps: (i) distribution transfer and (ii) gradient maintenance optimization. Finally, in order to analyze the efficiency of such a method, the presented method was evaluated against previous solutions in terms of deformation transfer error, and computational time.
Scalable network-on-chip architecture for configurable neural networks

Providing highly flexible connectivity is a major architectural challenge for hardware implementation of reconfigurable neural networks. We perform an analytical evaluation and comparison of different configurable interconnect architectures (mesh NoC, tree, shared bus and point-to-point) emulating variants of two neural network topologies (having full and random configurable connectivity). We derive analytical expressions and asymptotic limits for performance (in terms of bandwidth) and cost (in terms of area and power) of the interconnect architectures considering three communication methods (unicast, multicast and broadcast). It is shown that multicast mesh NoC provides the highest performance/cost ratio and consequently it is the most suitable interconnect architecture for configurable neural network implementation. Routing table size requirements and their impact on scalability were analyzed. Modular hierarchical architecture based on multicast mesh NoC is proposed to allow large scale neural networks emulation. Simulation results successfully validate the analytical models and the asymptotic behavior of the network as a function of its size.
Tropospheric response to stratospheric perturbations in a relatively simple general circulation model

The sensitivity of the tropospheric extratropical circulation to thermal perturbations of the polar stratosphere is examined in a dry primitive equation general circulationmodel with zonally symmetric forcing and boundary conditions. For sufficiently strong cooling of the polar winter stratosphere, the winter-hemisphere tropospheric jet shifts polewards and strengthens markedly at the surface; this is accompanied by a drop in surface pressure at high latitudes in the same hemisphere. In addition, this extratropical tropospheric response is found to be very similar to the model’s leading pattern of internal variability. These results are tested for robustness at several horizontal and vertical resolutions, and the same tropospheric response is observed at all but the lowest resolution tested. The behavior of this relatively simple model is broadly consistent with recent observational and modeling studies of trends in extratropical atmospheric variability.
Multilevel intelligent universal transformer for medium voltage applications

The solid-state transformer allows add-on intelligence to enhance power quality compatibility between source and load. It is desired to demonstrate the benefits gained by the use of such a device. Recent advancement in semiconductor devices and converter topologies facilitated a newly proposed intelligent universal transformer (IUT), which can isolate a disturbance from either source or load. This paper describes the basic circuit and the operating principle for the multilevel converter based IUT and its applications for medium voltages. Various power quality enhancement features are demonstrated with computer simulation for a complete IUT circuit.
Can we analyze big data inside a DBMS?

Relational DBMSs remain the main data management technology, despite the big data analytics and no-SQL waves. On the other hand, for data analytics in a broad sense, there are plenty of non-DBMS tools including statistical languages, matrix packages, generic data mining programs and large-scale parallel systems, being the main technology for big data analytics. Such large-scale systems are mostly based on the Hadoop distributed file system and MapReduce. Thus it would seem a DBMS is not a good technology to analyze big data, going beyond SQL queries, acting just as a reliable and fast data repository. In this survey, we argue that is not the case, explaining important research that has enabled analytics on large databases inside a DBMS. However, we also argue DBMSs cannot compete with parallel systems like MapReduce to analyze web-scale text data. Therefore, each technology will keep influencing each other. We conclude with a proposal of long-term research issues, considering the "big data analytics" trend.
Power flow and transient stability models of FACTS controllers for voltage and angle stability studies

Abstract|This paper presents transient stability and power ow models of Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR) and Voltage Sourced Inverter (VSI) based Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Controllers. Models of the Static VAr Compensator (SVC), the Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC), the Static VAr Compensator (STATCOM), the Static Synchronous Source Series Compensator (SSSC), and the Uni ed Power Flow Controller (UPFC) appropriate for voltage and angle stability studies are discussed in detail. Validation procedures obtained for a test system with a detailed as well as a simpli ed UPFC model are also presented and brie y discussed.
The Temporality of the Public Sphere : Orpheus Descending s Loop between Art and Culture

Over the summer of 2000, the artist Paul Pfeiffer, with his collaborators John Letourneau and Lawrence Chua, videotaped a flock of chickens on a farm in upstate New York. Using three still cameras, they followed the birds lives twentyfour hours a day: beginning with incubated eggs purchased from a local supplier, through hatching at around seventeen days, to the flocks move to its outdoor pen, and ending when the chickens reached adulthood, on the seventy-fifth day.1 From April 15 to June 28, 2001, Paul Pfeiffers Orpheus Descendingthe work that resulted from this footagewas simultaneously shown on two of the information plasma screens and video monitors found throughout the public thoroughfares of the World Trade Center and the World Financial Center complex. The first, a PATHVISION information monitor wedged between a Hudson newsstand and a Quick Card machine , was located in the mezzanine defined by a bank of nineteen escalators and the New Jersey PATH train turnstiles . The second was a plasma screen that placed the video between directional signage and advertisements promoting local businesses and cultural events on the North Bridge, a glass-enclosed pedestrian overpass spanning the World Financial Center and the World Trade Center .
Hyperstaticity for ergonomie design of a wrist exoskeleton

Increasing the level of transparency in rehabilitation devices has been one of the main goals in robot-aided neurorehabilitation for the past two decades. This issue is particularly important to robotic structures that mimic the human counterpart's morphology and attach directly to the limb. Problems arise for complex joints such as the human wrist, which cannot be accurately matched with a traditional mechanical joint. In such cases, mechanical differences between human and robotic joint cause hyperstaticity (i.e. overconstraint) which, coupled with kinematic misalignments, leads to uncontrolled force/torque at the joint. This paper focuses on the prono-supination (PS) degree of freedom of the forearm. The overall force and torque in the wrist PS rotation is quantified by means of a wrist robot. A practical solution to avoid hyperstaticity and reduce the level of undesired force/torque in the wrist is presented, which is shown to reduce 75% of the force and 68% of the torque.
An improved ZVS PWM full-bridge converter with clamping diodes

Phase-shifted ZVS PWM full-bridge converter realizes ZVS and eliminates the voltage oscillation caused by the reverse recovery of the rectifier diodes by introducing a resonant inductance and two clamping diodes. This paper improves the converter just by exchanging the position of the resonant inductance and the transformer such that the transformer is connected with the lagging leg. The improved converter has several advantages over the original counterpart, e.g., the clamping diodes conduct only once in a switching cycle, and the resonant inductance current is smaller in zero state, leading to a higher efficiency and reduced duty cycle loss. A blocking capacitor is usually introduced to the primary side to prevent the transformer from saturating, this paper analyzes the effects of the blocking capacitor in different positions, and a best scheme is determined. A 2850 W prototype converter is built to verify the effectiveness of the improved converter and the best scheme for the blocking capacitor.
Effect of Different Crosslinking Technologies on Hyaluronic Acid Behavior: A Visual and Microscopic Study of Seven Hyaluronic Acid Gels.

The mechanical, rheological, and pharmacological properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) gels differ by their proprietary crosslinking technologies.



To examine the different properties of a range of HA gels using simple and easily reproducible laboratory tests to better understand their suitability for particular indications.



Hyaluronic acid gels produced by one of 7 different crosslinking technologies were subjected to tests for cohesivity, resistance to stretch, and microscopic examination. These 7 gels were: non-animal stabilized HA (NASHA® [Restylane®]), 3D Matrix (Surgiderm® 24 XP), cohesive polydensified matrix (CPM® [Belotero® Balance]), interpenetrating network-like (IPN-like [Stylage® M]), Vycross® (Juvéderm Volbella®), optimal balance technology (OBT® [Emervel Classic]), and resilient HA (RHA® [Teosyal Global Action]).



Cohesivity varied for the 7 gels, with NASHA being the least cohesive and CPM the most cohesive. The remaining gels could be described as partially cohesive. The resistance to stretch test confirmed the cohesivity findings, with CPM having the greatest resistance. Light microscopy of the 7 gels revealed HA particles of varying size and distribution. CPM was the only gel to have no particles visible at a microscopic level.



Hyaluronic acid gels are produced with a range of different crosslinking technologies. Simple laboratory tests show how these can influence a gel's behavior, and can help physicians select the optimal product for a specific treatment indication. Versions of this paper have been previously published in French and in Dutch in the Belgian journal Dermatologie Actualité. Micheels P, Sarazin D, Tran C, Salomon D. Un gel d'acide hyaluronique est-il semblable à son concurrent? Derm-Actu. 2015;14:38-43.  2016;15(5):600-606..
Effects of Avatar and Background Types on Users ’ Co-presence and Trust for Mixed Reality-Based Teleconference Systems

Recent advances in reconstruction and tracking technologies have allowed for easier live capture of humans as animated and realistic three-dimensional avatars. As such, traditional 2D video-based teleconference systems are evolving into immersive 3D-based ones, e.g., with teleported avatars situated in an interactive and shared augmented or virtual space. In such developments, one central concern, and a continued goal, is how to improve the teleconference experience and collaboration through the sense of co-presence and trust as felt by the participating users. In this study, we experimentally investigated the effects of the forms of the teleported 3D avatar (realistically reconstructed vs. character-like) and the environment background (realistic video vs. 3D VR) on the sense of co-presence and the level of trust. Our study shows that the participants generally exhibited a higher sense of co-presence when situated with a real environment background (realistic video) and greater confidence/trust when interacting with a reconstructed realistic looking avatar. These results can help the design of more effective collaborative teleconference and telepresence systems, according to their specific goals.
Using Behavioural Insights to Promote Food Waste Recycling in Urban Households—Evidence From a Longitudinal Field Experiment

Promoting pro-environmental behaviour amongst urban dwellers is one of today's greatest sustainability challenges. The aim of this study is to test whether an information intervention, designed based on theories from environmental psychology and behavioural economics, can be effective in promoting recycling of food waste in an urban area. To this end we developed and evaluated an information leaflet, mainly guided by insights from nudging and community-based social marketing. The effect of the intervention was estimated through a natural field experiment in Hökarängen, a suburb of Stockholm city, Sweden, and was evaluated using a difference-in-difference analysis. The results indicate a statistically significant increase in food waste recycled compared to a control group in the research area. The data analysed was on the weight of food waste collected from sorting stations in the research area, and the collection period stretched for almost 2 years, allowing us to study the short- and long term effects of the intervention. Although the immediate positive effect of the leaflet seems to have attenuated over time, results show that there was a significant difference between the control and the treatment group, even 8 months after the leaflet was distributed. Insights from this study can be used to guide development of similar pro-environmental behaviour interventions for other urban areas in Sweden and abroad, improving chances of reaching environmental policy goals.
Active Suspension Control to Improve Vehicl0e Ride and Steady-State Handling

In this paper, a full-vehicle active suspension system is designed to simultaneously improve vehicle ride comfort and steady-state handling performance. First, a linear suspension model of a vehicle and a nonlinear handling model are described. Next, the link between the suspension model and vehicle steady-state handling characteristics is analysed. Then, an H-infinity controller for the suspension is designed to achieve integrated ride-comfort and handling control. Finally, the controller is verified by computer simulations.
Brain-computer interfaces for control of neuroprostheses: from synchronous to asynchronous mode of operation.

Transferring a brain-computer interface (BCI) from the laboratory environment into real world applications is directly related to the problem of identifying user intentions from brain signals without any additional information in real time. From the perspective of signal processing, the BCI has to have an uncued or asynchronous design. Based on the results of two clinical applications, where 'thought' control of neuroprostheses based on movement imagery in tetraplegic patients with a high spinal cord injury has been established, the general steps from a synchronous or cue-guided BCI to an internally driven asynchronous brain-switch are discussed. The future potential of BCI methods for various control purposes, especially for functional rehabilitation of tetraplegics using neuroprosthetics, is outlined.
Nurses' work demands and work-family conflict: a questionnaire survey.

Work-family conflict is a type of interrole conflict that occurs as a result of incompatible role pressures from the work and family domains. Work role characteristics that are associated with work demands refer to pressures arising from excessive workload and time pressures. Literature suggests that work demands such as number of hours worked, workload, shift work are positively associated with work-family conflict, which, in turn is related to poor mental health and negative organizational attitudes. The role of social support has been an issue of debate in the literature. This study examined social support both as a moderator and a main effect in the relationship among work demands, work-to-family conflict, and satisfaction with job and life.



This study examined the extent to which work demands (i.e., work overload, irregular work schedules, long hours of work, and overtime work) were related to work-to-family conflict as well as life and job satisfaction of nurses in Turkey. The role of supervisory support in the relationship among work demands, work-to-family conflict, and satisfaction with job and life was also investigated.



The sample was comprised of 243 participants: 106 academic nurses (43.6%) and 137 clinical nurses (56.4%). All of the respondents were female. The research instrument was a questionnaire comprising nine parts. The variables were measured under four categories: work demands, work support (i.e., supervisory support), work-to-family conflict and its outcomes (i.e., life and job satisfaction).



The structural equation modeling results showed that work overload and irregular work schedules were the significant predictors of work-to-family conflict and that work-to-family conflict was associated with lower job and life satisfaction. Moderated multiple regression analyses showed that social support from the supervisor did not moderate the relationships among work demands, work-to-family conflict, and satisfaction with job and life. Exploratory analyses suggested that social support could be best conceptualized as the main effect directly influencing work-to-family conflict and job satisfaction.



Nurses' psychological well-being and organizational attitudes could be enhanced by rearranging work conditions to reduce excessive workload and irregular work schedule. Also, leadership development programs should be implemented to increase the instrumental and emotional support of the supervisors.
Iterative Side-Channel Cube Attack on KeeLoq

KeeLoq is a 528-round lightweight block cipher which has a 64-bit secret key and a 32-bit block length. The cube attack, proposed by Dinur and Shamir, is a new type of attacking method. In this paper, we investigate the security of KeeLoq against iterative side-channel cube attack which is an enhanced attack scheme. Based on structure of typical block ciphers, we give the model of iterative side-channel cube attack. Using the traditional single-bit leakage model, we assume that the attacker can exactly possess the information of one bit leakage after round 23. The new attack model costs a data complexity of 211.00 chosen plaintexts to recover the 23-bit key of KeeLoq. Our attack will reduce the key searching space to 241 by considering an error-free bit from internal states.
Smart chemistry-based nanosized drug delivery systems for systemic applications: A comprehensive review.

This review focuses on the smart chemistry that has been utilized in developing polymer-based drug delivery systems over the past 10years. We provide a comprehensive overview of the different functional moieties and reducible linkages exploited in these systems, and outline their design, synthesis, and application from a therapeutic efficacy viewpoint. Furthermore, we highlight the next generation nanomedicine strategies based on this novel chemistry.
Acute alopecia totalis.

From a group of 1,189 AA patients seen in our dermatology unit, thirteen (3 males, 10 females) experienced hair shedding that started profusely and diffusely over the entire scalp. They were under observation for about 5 years, histopathology and trichograms being performed in all instances. The mean age of the patients was 26.7 years. It took only 2.3 months on average from the onset of hair shedding to total denudation of the scalp. The trichogram at the time of diffuse shedding showed that about 80% had dystrophic roots and the remaining 20% had telogen roots. Histopathological findings and exclamation mark hairs were compatible with alopecia areata. Regrowth of hair was noted 3.2 month after the onset of hair shedding and recovery observed in 4.8 months. All patients were treated by methylprednisolone pulse therapy. During the follow-up period, 53 months on average after recovery, 8 of the 13 patients (61.5%) showed normal scalp hair without recurrence, in 4 patients the recovery was cosmetically acceptable in spite of focal recurrences and only 1 patient showed a severe relapse after recovery. Considering all of the above findings, this group of the patients should be delineated by the term acute alopecia totalis.
Design and simulation of compact UWB Bow-tie antenna with reduced end-fire reflections for GPR applications

The efficiency of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) system significantly depends on the antenna performance as signal has to propagate through lossy and inhomogeneous media. In this research work a resistively loaded compact Bow-tie antenna which can operate through a wide bandwidth of 4.1 GHz is proposed. The sharp corners of the slot antenna are rounded so as to minimize the end-fire reflections. The proposed antenna employs a resistive loading technique through a thin sheet of graphite to attain the ultra-wide bandwidth. The simulated results obtained from CST Microwave Studio v14 and HFSS v14 show a good amount of agreement for the antenna performance parameters. The proposed antenna has potential to apply for the GPR applications as it provides improved radiation efficiency, enhanced bandwidth, gain, directivity and reduced end-fire reflections.
Thematic networks : an analytic tool for qualitative

K E Y W O R D S : method, qualitative analysis, text interpretation, textual data The need for tools in qualitative analysis Qualitative methods have enjoyed a growing popularity in the past decade throughout the social sciences (Bryman and Burgess, 1994; Denzin, 1994; Jensen, 1991; Marshall and Rossman, 1999; Morse, 1994). No longer relegated to the marginalia of exploratory stages, or derided as anecdotal, qualitative methods have been gaining recognition in domains traditionally inclined to more positivistic methods (Barnes et al., 1999; Black, 1996; Ritchie and Spencer, 1994). Indeed, literature espousing, promoting and employing this method of research is rapidly increasing – a move that is being welcomed as a positive step towards a deeper understanding of social phenomena and their dynamics. However, while the issues of when, why and how to employ qualitative Thematic networks: an analytic tool for qualitative research J E N N I F E R A T T R I D E S T I R L I N G Commission for Health Improvement, England Qualitative Research  385 Q R A RT I C L E