nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Scientific document summarization via citation contextualization and scientific discourse

The rapid growth of scientific literature has made it difficult for the researchers to quickly learn about the developments in their respective fields. Scientific summarization addresses this challenge by providing summaries of the important contributions of scientific papers. We present a framework for scientific summarization which takes advantage of the citations and the scientific discourse structure. Citation texts often lack the evidence and context to support the content of the cited paper and are even sometimes inaccurate. We first address the problem of inaccuracy of the citation texts by finding the relevant context from the cited paper. We propose three approaches for contextualizing citations which are based on query reformulation, word embeddings, and supervised learning. We then train a model to identify the discourse facets for each citation. We finally propose a method for summarizing scientific papers by leveraging the faceted citations and their corresponding contexts. We evaluate our proposed method on two scientific summarization datasets in the biomedical and computational linguistics domains. Extensive evaluation results show that our methods can improve over the state of the art by large margins.
Open-Design Collar vs. Conventional Philadelphia Collar Regarding User Satisfaction and Cervical Range of Motion in Asymptomatic Adults.

The current study aimed to compare the Philadelphia collar and an open-design cervical collar with regard to user satisfaction and cervical range of motion in asymptomatic adults.



Seventy-two healthy subjects (36 women, 36 men) aged 18 to 29 yrs were recruited for this study. Neck movements, including active flexion, extension, right/left lateral flexion, and right/left axial rotation, were assessed in each subject under three conditions--without wearing a collar and while wearing two different cervical collars--using a dual digital inclinometer. Subject satisfaction was assessed using a five-item self-administered questionnaire.



Both Philadelphia and open-design collars significantly reduced cervical motions (P < 0.05). Compared with the Philadelphia collar, the open-design collar more greatly reduced cervical motions in three planes and the differences were statistically significant except for limiting flexion. Satisfaction scores for Philadelphia and open-design collars were 15.89 (3.87) and 19.94 (3.11), respectively.



Based on the data of the 72 subjects presented in this study, the open-design collar adequately immobilized the cervical spine as a semirigid collar and was considered cosmetically acceptable, at least for subjects aged younger than 30 yrs.
DUTH at SemEval-2018 Task 2: Emoji Prediction in Tweets

This paper describes the approach that was developed for SemEval 2018 Task 2 (Multilingual Emoji Prediction) by the DUTH Team. First, we employed a combination of preprocessing techniques to reduce the noise of tweets and produce a number of features. Then, we built several N-grams, to represent the combination of word and emojis. Finally, we trained our system with a tuned LinearSVC classifier. Our approach in the leaderboard ranked 18th amongst 48 teams.
Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) -a prospective critical perioperative assessment of feasibility and morbidity with points of technique in penile carcinoma

Inguinal lymph node involvement is an important prognostic factor in penile cancer. Inguinal lymph node dissection allows staging and treatment of inguinal nodal disease. However, it causes morbidity and is associated with complications, such as lymphocele, skin loss and infection. Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) is an endoscopic procedure, and it seems to be a new and attractive approach duplicating the standard open procedure with less morbidity. We present here a critical perioperative assessment with points of technique.



Ten patients with moderate to high grade penile carcinoma with clinically negative inguinal lymph nodes were subjected to elective VEIL. VEIL was done in standard surgical steps. Perioperative parameters were assessed that is - duration of the surgery, lymph-related complications, time until drain removal, lymph node yield, surgical emphysema and histopathological positivity of lymph nodes.



Operative time for VEIL was 120 to 180 minutes. Lymph node yield was 7 to 12 lymph nodes. No skin related complications were seen with VEIL. Lymph related complications, that is, lymphocele, were seen in only two patients. The suction drain was removed after four to eight days (mean 5.1). Overall morbidity was 20% with VEIL.



In our early experience, VEIL was a safe and feasible technique in patients with penile carcinoma with non palpable inguinal lymph nodes. It allows the removal of inguinal lymph nodes within the same limits as in conventional surgical dissection and potentially reduces surgical morbidity.
URL Obfuscation Phishing and Anti-Phishing : A Review

Phishing is an internet fraud that acquires a user‘s credentials by deceptions. It includes theft of password, credit card number, bank account details, and other confidential information. It is the criminal scheme to steal the user‘s confidential data. There are many anti-phishing techniques used to protect users against phishing attacks. The statistical of APWG trends report for 1 st quarter 2013 says that now a day the maximum phishing attacks are done using URL Obfuscation phishing technique. Due to the different characteristics and methods used in URL Obfuscation, the detection of Obfuscated URL is complex. The current URL Obfuscation anti-phishing technique cannot detect all the counterfeit URLs. In this paper we have reviewed URL Obfuscation phishing technique and the detection of that Obfuscated URLs.  Anti-phishing, Hyperlink, Internet Security, Phishing, URL Obfuscation
Smart Electronic Wheelchair Using Arduino and Bluetooth Module

This paper describes the design of a smart, motorized, voice controlled wheelchair using embedded system. Proposed design supports voice activation system for physically differently abled persons incorporating manual operation. This paper represents the “Voice-controlled Wheel chair” for the physically differently abled person where the voice command controls the movements of the wheelchair. The voice command is given through a cellular device having Bluetooth and the command is transferred and converted to string by the BT Voice Control for Arduino and is transferred to the Bluetooth Module SR-04connected to the Arduino board for the control of the Wheelchair. For example, when the user says „Go‟ then chair will move in forward direction and when he says „Back‟ then the chair will move in backward direction and similarly „Left‟, „Right‟ for rotating it in left and right directions respectively and „Stop‟ for making it stop. This system was designed and developed to save cost, time and energy of the patient. Ultrasonic sensor is also made a part of the design and it helps to detect obstacles lying ahead in the way of the wheelchair that can hinder the passage of the wheelchair.
Composite Quantization

This paper studies the compact coding approach to approximate nearest neighbor search. We introduce a composite quantization framework. It uses the composition of several () elements, each of which is selected from a different dictionary, to accurately approximate a -dimensional vector, thus yielding accurate search, and represents the data vector by a short code composed of the indices of the selected elements in the corresponding dictionaries. Our key contribution lies in introducing a near-orthogonality constraint, which makes the search efficiency is guaranteed as the cost of the distance computation is reduced to from through a distance table lookup scheme. The resulting approach is called near-orthogonal composite quantization. We theoretically justify the equivalence between near-orthogonal composite quantization and minimizing an upper bound of a function formed by jointly considering the quantization error and the search cost according to a generalized triangle inequality. We empirically show the efficacy of the proposed approach over several benchmark datasets. In addition, we demonstrate the superior performances in other three applications: combination with inverted multi-index, inner-product similarity search, and query compression for mobile search.
Reliability and Validity of the Audit on Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) and EQ-5D in Elderly Slovenian Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

This study reports the reliability and validity analyses of the Audit on diabetes-dependent quality of life (ADDQoL) and EQ-5D in elderly Slovenian diabetic patients.  A crosssectional study of elderly (age ≥ 65 years) non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) patients was carried out. The ADDQoL and EQ-5D surveys were conducted between January and May, 2012. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 20.0.  After exclusion of non-eligible respondents, the final sample for the analysis was 261 cases (51% male), resulting in 52.2%of response rate. The mean age of the patients was 70.3 years (SD ± 4.1). The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.93 for ADDQoL and 0.73 for EQ-5D.There was no improvement in the alpha value if any item was deleted in all instruments. Missing value items ranged from 0.8% to 1.5% for EQ-5D, and from 0.8% to 59.1% (working life) in ADDQoL. Spearman’s correlation between the EQ-5D VAS score and ADDQoL weighted overall score resulted in weak correlations coefficient (r = 0.294; p < 0.001).  The ADDQoL proved reliable and valid for assessing Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among elderly Slovenian DMT2 patients. EQ-5D seemed to be too generic to describe limitations of DMT2 patients in detail. Using disease specific QoL instruments to learn about patient limitations was recommended. Comparison of ADDQoL results between various studies provided significant differences in the impact of diabetes. Corresponding author.
Free fatty acid particles in protein formulations, part 1: microspectroscopic identification.

We report, for the first time, the identification of fatty acid particles in formulations containing the surfactant polysorbate 20. These fatty acid particles were observed in multiple mAb formulations during their expected shelf life under recommended storage conditions. The fatty acid particles were granular or sand-like in morphology and were several microns in size. They could be identified by distinct IR bands, with additional confirmation from energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. The particles were readily distinguishable from protein particles by these methods. In addition, particles containing a mixture of protein and fatty acids were also identified, suggesting that the particulation pathways for the two particle types may not be distinct. The techniques and observations described will be useful for the correct identification of proteinaceous versus nonproteinaceous particles in pharmaceutical products.
Study of indoor radio coverage solutions based on Interleaved-MIMO DAS

In the present work, the performance of indoor deployment solutions based on the combination of Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) and MIMO transmission techniques (Interleaved-MIMO DAS solutions) is investigated for high-order MIMO schemes with the aid of LTE link level simulations. Planning guidelines for linear and 2D coverage solutions based on Interleaved-MIMO DAS are then derived.
Learning Audio Sequence Representations for Acoustic Event Classification

Acoustic Event Classification (AEC) has become a significant task for machines to perceive the surrounding auditory scene. However, extracting effective representations that capture the underlying characteristics of the acoustic events is still challenging. Previous methods mainly focused on designing the audio features in a ‘hand-crafted’ manner. Interestingly, data-learnt features have been recently reported to show better performance. Up to now, these were only considered on the frame-level. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised learning framework to learn a vector representation of an audio sequence for AEC. This framework consists of a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) encoder and a RNN decoder, which respectively transforms the variable-length audio sequence into a fixed-length vector and reconstructs the input sequence on the generated vector. After training the encoder-decoder, we feed the audio sequences to the encoder and then take the learnt vectors as the audio sequence representations. Compared with previous methods, the proposed method can not only deal with the problem of arbitrary-lengths of audio streams, but also learn the salient information of the sequence. Extensive evaluation on a large-size acoustic event database is performed, and the empirical results demonstrate that the learnt audio sequence representation yields a significant performance improvement by a large margin compared with other state-of-the-art hand-crafted sequence features for AEC.
A Frequency Tuning Method for a Planar Inverted-F Antenna

A novel method is presented for electrically tuning the frequency of a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). A tuning circuit, comprising an RF switch and discrete passive components, has been completely integrated into the antenna element, which is thus free of dc wires. The proposed tuning method has been demonstrated with a dual-band PIFA capable of operating in four frequency bands. The antenna covers the GSM850, GSM900, GSM1800, PCS1900 and UMTS frequency ranges with over 40% total efficiency. The impact of the tuning circuit on the antenna's efficiency and radiation pattern have been experimentally studied through comparison with the performance of a reference antenna not incorporating the tuning circuit. The proposed frequency tuning concept can be extended to more complex PIFA structures as well as other types of antennas to give enhanced electrical performance.
Beyond Microblogging: Conversation and Collaboration via Twitter

The microblogging service Twitter is in the process of being appropriated for conversational interaction and is starting to be used for collaboration, as well. In an attempt to determine how well Twitter supports user-to-user exchanges, what people are using Twitter for, and what usage or design modifications would make it (more) usable as a tool for collaboration, this study analyzes a corpus of naturally-occurring public Twitter messages (tweets), focusing on the functions and uses of the @ sign and the coherence of exchanges. The findings reveal a surprising degree of conversationality, facilitated especially by the use of @ as a marker of addressivity, and shed light on the limitations of Twitter's current design for collaborative use.
A Virtual Programming Lab for Moodle with automatic assessment and anti-plagiarism features

This paper describes VPL, a Virtual Programming Lab module for Moodle, developed at the University of Las Palmas of Gran Canaria (ULPGC) and released for free uses under GNU/GPL license. For the students, it is a simple development environment with auto evaluation capabilities. For the instructors, it is a students' work management system, with features to facilitate the preparation of assignments, manage the submissions, check for plagiarism, and do assessments with the aid of powerful and flexible assessment tools based on program testing, all of that being independent of the programming language used for the assignments and taken into account critical security issues.
Recent and future research trends in planar multi-beam antennas in the millimeter wave range at IETR-France

A review of some flat multi-beam antennas developed at IETR during the last 5 years (2010–2015) is reported. These antennas are based on quasi-optical and circuit-based beam forming networks (BFNs). The enhanced scanning capabilities of the proposed solutions will be shown. In addition, some antennas integrate antenna functions like monopulse techniques to enhance the angular resolution for tracking applications. The main concepts and features of the developed antennas will be reported. These antennas operate in different frequency band in the millimeter wave range and are realized with different fabrication processes.
Development of a general ability index for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Third Edition.

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Third Edition (WAIS-III; D. Wechsler, 1997) permits the calculation of both traditional IQ and index scores. However, if only the subtests constituting the index scores are administered, especially those yielding the Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Organization Indexes, there is no equivalent measure of Full Scale IQ. Following the procedure for calculating a General Ability Index (GAI; A. Prifitera, L. G. Weiss, & D. H. Saklofske, 1998) for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--Third Edition (D. Wechsler, 1991), GAI normative tables for the WAIS-III standardization sample are reported here.
Compact Interval Trees: A Data Structure for Convex Hulls

In this paper, we investigate the problem of finding the common tangents of two convex polygons that intersect in two (unknown) points. First, we give a @(log’ n) bound for algorithms that store the polygons in independent arrays. Second, we show how to beat the lower bound if the vertices of the convex polygons are drawn from a fixed set of n points. We introduce a data structure called a compact interval tree that supports common tangent computations, as well as the standard binary-search-based queries, in O(log n) time apiece. Third, we apply compact interval trees to solve the subpath hull query problem: given a simple path, preprocess it so that we can find the convex hull of a query subpath quickly. With O(n log n) preprocessing, we can assemble a compact interval tree that represents the convex hull of a query subpath in O(log n) time. In order to represent arrangements of lines implicitly, Edelsbrunner et al. [l] used a less efficient structure, called bridge trees, to solve the subpath hull query problem. Our compact interval trees improve their results by a factor of O(logn). Thus, the present paper replaces the paper on bridge trees referred to by [l].
Wideband Microstrip-to-Microstrip Vertical Transition With High Filtering Selectivity Using Open-Circuited Slotline SIR

In this letter, a wideband microstrip-to-microstrip vertical transition using open-circuited slotline stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) is proposed. By controlling the impedance ratio of the slotline SIR, two transmission zeros (TZs) can be properly created and relocated to improve the passband selectivity. To determine the characteristic of this transition, its transmission-line circuit model is presented for analysis and design. Finally, a prototype transition is designed and fabricated for experimental verification. Not only high filtering selectivity via emergence of these TZs but also wideband filtering response with out-of-band suppression of about 22 dB in a frequency range up to  $2.51f_{0}$  is experimentally achieved.
CoSeNa: a context-based search and navigation system

Most of the existing document and web search engines rely on keyword-based queries. To find matches, these queries are processed using retrieval algorithms that rely on word frequencies, topic recentness, document authority, and (in some cases) available ontologies. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach to exploring text collections using a novel keywords-by-concepts (KbC) graph, which supports navigation using domain-specific concepts as well as keywords that are characterizing the text corpus. The KbC graph is a weighted graph, created by tightly integrating keywords extracted from documents and concepts obtained from domain taxonomies. Documents in the corpus are associated to the nodes of the graph based on evidence supporting contextual relevance; thus, the KbC graph supports contextually informed access to these documents. In this paper, we also present CoSeNa (Context-based Search and Navigation) system that leverages the KbC model as the basis for document exploration and retrieval as well as contextually-informed media integration.
Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change

Significantly more carbon is stored in the world's soils—including peatlands, wetlands and permafrost—than is present in the atmosphere. Disagreement exists, however, regarding the effects of climate change on global soil carbon stocks. If carbon stored belowground is transferred to the atmosphere by a warming-induced acceleration of its decomposition, a positive feedback to climate change would occur. Conversely, if increases of plant-derived carbon inputs to soils exceed increases in decomposition, the feedback would be negative. Despite much research, a consensus has not yet emerged on the temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition. Unravelling the feedback effect is particularly difficult, because the diverse soil organic compounds exhibit a wide range of kinetic properties, which determine the intrinsic temperature sensitivity of their decomposition. Moreover, several environmental constraints obscure the intrinsic temperature sensitivity of substrate decomposition, causing lower observed ‘apparent’ temperature sensitivity, and these constraints may, themselves, be sensitive to climate.
Quantitative clinical pharmacology practice for optimal use of antibiotics during the neonatal period.

For safe and effective neonatal antibiotic therapy, knowledge of the pharmacokinetic parameters of antibacterial agents in neonates is a prerequisite. Fast maturational changes during the neonatal period influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters and their variability. Consequently, the need for applying quantitative clinical pharmacology and determining optimal drug dosing regimens in neonates has become increasingly recognized.



Modern quantitative approaches, such as pharmacometrics, are increasingly utilized to characterize, understand and predict the pharmacokinetics of a drug and its effect, and to quantify the variability in the neonatal population. Individual factors, called covariates in modeling, are integrated in such approaches to explain inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability. Pharmacometrics has been shown to be a relevant tool to evaluate, optimize and individualize drug dosing regimens.



Challenges for optimal use of antibiotics in neonates can largely be overcome with quantitative clinical pharmacology practice. Clinicians should be aware that there is a next step to support the clinical decision-making based on clinical characteristics and therapeutic drug monitoring, through Bayesian-based modeling and simulation methods. Pharmacometric modeling and simulation approaches permit us to characterize population average, inter-subject and intra-subject variability of pharmacokinetic parameters such as clearance and volume of distribution, and to identify and quantify key factors that influence the pharmacokinetic behavior of antibiotics during the neonatal period.
3D-IC test architecture for TSVs with different impact ranges of crosstalk faults

Through Silicon Vias (TSV) play an important role in 3D chip integration. Its features include: providing vertical interconnection, decreasing the area of routing, and increasing the bandwidth. Effective and efficient testing for correct operation of TSVs is an essential issue for 3D ICs. This work focuses on crosstalk faults with different impact ranges and proposes a TSV grouping method to test as many TSVs simultaneously as possible. Based on the results of the TSV grouping, we also implement a high-efficiency, low-area-overhead TSV test architecture.