nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing referral reward programs under impression management considerations

We examine referral reward programs (RRP) that are intended for a service firm to encourage its current customers (inductors) to entice their friends (inductees) to purchase the firm’s service. By considering the interplay among the firm, the inductor, and the inductee, we solve a ‘‘nested’’ Stackelberg game so as to determine the optimal RRP in equilibrium. We determine the conditions under which it is optimal for the firm to reward the inductor only, reward the inductee only, or reward both. Also, our results suggest that RRP dominates direct marketing when the firm’s current market penetration or the inductor’s referral effectiveness is sufficiently high. We then extend our model to incorporate certain key impression management factors: the inductor’s intrinsic reward of making a positive impression by being seen as helping a friend, the inductor’s concerns about creating a negative impression when making an incentivized referral, and the inductee’s impression of the inductor’s credibility when an incentive is involved. In the presence of these impression management factors, we show that the firm should reward the inductee more and the inductor less. Under certain conditions, it is optimal for the firm to reward neither the inductor nor the inductee so that the optimal RRP relies purely on unincentivized word of mouth.
A wearable 12-lead ECG acquisition system with fabric electrodes

Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is significant for prevention of heart disease and is becoming an important part of personal and family health care. In most of the existing wearable solutions, conventional metal sensors and corresponding chips are simply integrated into clothes and usually could only collect few leads of ECG signals that could not provide enough information for diagnosis of cardiac diseases such as arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia. In this study, a wearable 12-lead ECG acquisition system with fabric electrodes was developed and could simultaneously process 12 leads of ECG signals. By integrating the fabric electrodes into a T-shirt, the wearable system would provide a comfortable and convenient user interface for ECG recording. For comparison, the proposed fabric electrode and the gelled traditional metal electrodes were used to collect ECG signals on a subject, respectively. The approximate entropy (ApEn) of ECG signals from both types of electrodes were calculated. The experimental results show that the fabric electrodes could achieve similar performance as the gelled metal electrodes. This preliminary work has demonstrated that the developed ECG system with fabric electrodes could be utilized for wearable health management and telemedicine applications.
Fetal left brachiocephalic vein in normal and abnormal conditions.

To establish values of fetal left brachiocephalic vein (LBCV) dimensions during normal pregnancy and determine whether routine assessment of the LBCV may help in identifying fetuses with congenital abnormalities of this vessel.



Fetal LBCV was assessed prospectively during ultrasound examinations in 431 normal singleton pregnancies. The visualization rate of the transverse view of the upper fetal chest at the level of drainage of the LBCV into the superior vena cava (SVC) by two-dimensional (2D) and 2D plus color Doppler ultrasound was evaluated. Reference ranges of LBCV diameter during non-complicated pregnancies were established. Interobserver and intraobserver measurement variability was analyzed. In addition, a retrospective review of the hospital medical records of 91 pregnancies with fetuses diagnosed with LBCV abnormalities was performed.



Sonographic assessment of the fetal LBCV was consistently achieved in the second and third trimesters and in some fetuses in the first trimester of pregnancy. In normal fetuses LBCV diameter increased significantly throughout pregnancy, with a mean value of 0.7 mm at 11 weeks and 4.9 mm at term. Dilation of the fetal LBCV was noted in five cases of intracranial arteriovenous malformation and six cases of supracardiac type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Abnormal course of the LBCV was noted in 12 fetuses. In 63 fetuses with a persistent left SVC and a right SVC the LBCV was absent.



This is the first study describing an effective sonographic approach for the assessment of fetal LBCV dimensions during pregnancy. The normative data may provide an additional means of detecting rare anomalies of systemic and pulmonary veins during pregnancy.
Parallel AES algorithm for fast Data Encryption on GPU

With the improvement of cryptanalysis, More and more applications are starting to use Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) instead of Data Encryption Standard (DES) to protect their information security. However, current implementations of AES algorithm suffer from huge CPU resource consumption and low throughput. In this paper, we studied the technologies of GPU parallel computing and its optimized design for cryptography. Then, we proposed a new algorithm for AES parallel encryption, and designed and implemented a fast data encryption system based on GPU. The test proves that our approach can accelerate the speed of AES encryption significantly.
Basic maneuvers for an inspection robot for small diameter gas distribution mains

This video shows the design of a mechanical structure of a miniature pipe inspection robot (MPR) capable of moving trough very small pipes (up to 41 mm inner diameter) as well as a wide range of diameters (63 to 125 mm outer diameter). The requirement to negotiate bends, T-joints and steep inclinations pose another set of strict design constraints. In this video the controlled robot is shown in action.
Effect of Methanol Addition on the Resistivity and Morphology of PEDOT:PSS Layers on Top of Carbon Nanotubes for Use as Flexible Electrodes.

Overcoating carbon nanotube (CNT) films on flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) foils with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (


PEDOT
PSS) layers reduces the surface roughness, which is interesting for use in organic electronics. Adding methanol to the


PEDOT
PSS aqueous solution used for spin coating of the


PEDOT
PSS layer improves the wetting behavior of the CNT/PET surface. Samples with different volume fractions of methanol (0, 33, 50, 67, and 75 vol %) are compared with respect to the transmission, horizontal, and vertical resistivity. With grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, the film morphologies are probed, which is challenging because of the substrate flexibility. At 50 vol %, methanol optimum conditions are achieved with the resistivity close to that of the bare CNT/PET substrates because of the best contact between the


PEDOT
PSS film and CNT surface. At lower methanol ratios, the


PEDOT
PSS films cannot adapt the CNT morphology, and at higher methanol ratios, they rupture into domains and no continuous


PEDOT
PSS layers are formed.
Deep Relative Attributes

Visual attributes are great means of describing images or scenes, in a way both humans and computers understand. In order to establish a correspondence between images and to be able to compare the strength of each property between images, relative attributes were introduced. However, since their introduction, hand-crafted and engineered features were used to learn increasingly complex models for the problem of relative attributes. This limits the applicability of those methods for more realistic cases. We introduce a deep neural network architecture for the task of relative attribute prediction. A convolutional neural network (ConvNet) is adopted to learn the features by including an additional layer (ranking layer) that learns to rank the images based on these features. We adopt an appropriate ranking loss to train the whole network in an end-to-end fashion. Our proposed method outperforms the baseline and state-of-the-art methods in relative attribute prediction on various coarse and fine-grained datasets. Our qualitative results along with the visualization of the saliency maps show that the network is able to learn effective features for each specific attribute. Source code of the proposed method is available at https://github.com/yassersouri/ghiaseddin.
Visible light communications: Challenges and possibilities

Solid-state lighting is a rapidly developing field. White-light and other visible LEDs are becoming more efficient, have high reliability and can be incorporated into many lighting applications. Recent examples include car head-lights based on white LEDs, and LED illumination as an architectural feature. The prediction that general illumination will use white LEDs in the future has been made, due to the increased energy efficiency that such an approach may have. Such sources can also be modulated at high-speed, offering the possibility of using sources for simultaneous illumination and data communications. Such visible light communications (VLC) was pioneered in Japan, and there is now growing interest worldwide, including within bodies such as the Visible Light Communications Consortium (VLCC) and the Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF). In this paper we outline the basic components in these systems, review the state of the art and discuss some of the challenges and possibilities for this new wireless transmission technique.
Coherence analysis of research and education using topic modeling

Research and education are organically connected in that lectures convey the results of research, which is frequently initiated by inspiring lectures. As a result, the contents of lecture materials and research publications and the research capabilities of universities should be considered in the investigations of the relationships between research and teaching. We examine the relationship between research and teaching using automatic text analysis. In particular, we scrutinize the relatedness of the content of research papers with the content of lecture materials to investigate the association between teaching and research. We adopt topic modeling for the correlation analysis of research capabilities and the reflectiveness of research topics in lecture materials. We select the field of machine learning as a case study because the field is contemporary and because data related to teaching and research are easily accessible via the Internet. The results reveal interesting characteristics of lecture materials and research publications in the field of machine learning. The research capability of an institute is independent of the lecture materials. However, for introductory courses, teaching and research measures showed a weak negative relationship, and there is little relationship between the measures for advanced courses.
Classification of Age Groups Based on Facial Features

An age group classification system for gray-scale facial images is proposed in this paper. Four age groups, including babies, young adults, middle-aged adults, and old adults, are used in the classification system. The process of the system is divided into three phases: location, feature extraction, and age classification. Based on the symmetry of human faces and the variation of gray levels, the positions of eyes, noses, and mouths could be located by applying the Sobel edge operator and region labeling. Two geometric features and three wrinkle features from a facial image are then obtained. Finally, two back-propagation neural networks are constructed for classification. The first one employs the geometric features to distinguish whether the facial image is a baby. If it is not, then the second network uses the wrinkle features to classify the image into one of three adult groups. The proposed system is experimented with 230 facial images on a Pentium II 350 processor with 128 MB RAM. One half of the images are used for training and the other half for test. It takes 0.235 second to classify an image on an average. The identification rate achieves 90.52% for the training images and 81.58% for the test images, which is roughly close to human’s subjective justification.
Mining process models with non-free-choice constructs

Process mining aims at extracting information from event logs to capture the business process as it is being executed. Process mining is particularly useful in situations where events are recorded but there is no system enforcing people to work in a particular way. Consider for example a hospital where the diagnosis and treatment activities are recorded in the hospital information system, but where health-care professionals determine the “careflow.” Many process mining approaches have been proposed in recent years. However, in spite of many researchers’ persistent efforts, there are still several challenging problems to be solved. In this paper, we focus on mining non-free-choice constructs, i.e., situations where there is a mixture of choice and synchronization. Although most real-life processes exhibit non-free-choice behavior, existing algorithms are unable to adequately deal with such constructs. Using a Petri-net-based representation, we will show that there are two kinds of causal dependencies between tasks, i.e., explicit and implicit ones. We propose an algorithm that is able to deal with both kinds of dependencies. The algorithm has been implemented in the ProM framework and experimental results shows that the algorithm indeed significantly improves existing process mining techniques.
Adaptive Control of KNTU Planar Cable-Driven Parallel Robot with Uncertainties in Dynamic and Kinematic Parameters

This paper addresses the design and implementation of adaptive control on a planar cable-driven parallel robot with uncertainties in dynamic and kinematic parameters. To develop the idea, firstly, adaptation is performed on dynamic parameters and it is shown that the controller is stable despite the kinematic uncertainties. Then, internal force term is linearly separated into a regressor matrix in addition to a kinematic parameter vector that contains estimation error. In the next step to improve the controller performance, adaptation is performed on both the dynamic and kinematic parameters. It is shown that the performance of the proposed controller is improved by correction in the internal forces. The proposed controller not only keeps all cables in tension for the whole workspace of the robot, it is computationally simple and it does not require measurement of the end-effector acceleration as well. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is examined through some experiments on KNTU planar cable-driven parallel robot and it is shown that the proposed control algorithm is able to provide suitable performance in practice.
Distributed Optimization Using the Primal-Dual Method of Multipliers

In this paper, we propose the primal-dual method of multipliers (PDMM) for distributed optimization over a graph. In particular, we optimize a sum of convex functions defined over a graph, where every edge in the graph carries a linear equality constraint. In designing the new algorithm, an augmented primal-dual Lagrangian function is constructed which smoothly captures the graph topology. It is shown that a saddle point of the constructed function provides an optimal solution of the original problem. Further under both the synchronous and asynchronous updating schemes, PDMM has the convergence rate of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(1/K)$</tex-math></inline-formula> (where <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula> denotes the iteration index) for general closed, proper, and convex functions. Other properties of PDMM such as convergence speeds versus different parameter-settings and resilience to transmission failure are also investigated through the experiments of distributed averaging.
Sources of variance in current sense of humor inventories : How much substance , how much method variance ?

The present study investigates the relationship of self-report inventories of "sense of humor" and behavioral measures of humor as well as their location in the Eysenckian PEN system. 110 male and female adults in the ages from 17 to 83 years answered the following inventories: SHRQ (Martin and Lefcourt 1984), SHQZ (Ziv 1981), SHQ-3 revised (Svebak 1993), CHS (Martin and Lefcourt 1983), MSHS (Thorson and Powell 1993), HIS (Bell, McGhee, and Duffey 1986), 3 WD-K (Ruch 1983), CPPT (Köhler and Ruch 1993), TDS (Murgatroyd, Rushton, Apter, and Ray 1978), STCI-T (Ruch, Freiss, and Köhler 1993), and EPQ-R (Eysenck, Eysenck, and Barrett 1985). Reliability of the humor scales is examined and convergent and discriminant validity of homologous scales of humor appreciation and humor creation is determined. Behavioral measures and self-report instruments yield only meager correlations. While humor appreciation and humor creation form distinct traits in the behavioral measures, they can not be validly discriminated in the self-reports. Factor analysis of self-report inventories yields that the sense of humor is composed of the two orthogonal dimensions of cheerfulness and seriousness. Extraversion is predictive of cheerfulness, low seriousness, and quantity of humor production. Psychoticism is associated with low seriousness, wit and quality of humor production. Finally, emotional stability correlates with cheerfulness. All in all, the general state of the art in the assessment of the sense of humor and its components appears to be far from being satisfactory. Sources of variance 2 -
A Requirements-to-Implementation Mapping Tool for Requirements Traceability

Software quality is a major concern in software engineering, particularly when we are dealing with software services that must be available 24 hours a day, please the customer and be kept permanently. In software engineering, requirements management is one of the most important tasks that can influence the success of a software project. Maintain traceability information is a fundamental aspect in software engineering and can facilitate the process of software development and maintenance. This information can be used to support various activities such as analyzing the impact of changes and software verification and validation. However, traceability techniques are mainly used between requirements and software test cases. This paper presents a prototype of a tool that supports the mapping of functional requirements with the pages and HTML elements of a web site. This tool helps maintaining requirements traceability information updated and, ultimately, increasing the efficiency of requirements change management, which may contribute to the overall quality of the software service.
Enabling Technologies for the Internet of Health Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most promising technologies for the near future. Healthcare and well-being will receive great benefits with the evolution of this technology. This paper presents a review of techniques based on IoT for healthcare and ambient-assisted living, defined as the Internet of Health Things (IoHT), based on the most recent publications and products available in the market from industry for this segment. Also, this paper identifies the technological advances made so far, analyzing the challenges to be overcome and provides an approach of future trends. Through selected works, it is possible to notice that further studies are important to improve current techniques and that novel concept and technologies of IoHT are needed to overcome the identified challenges. The presented results aim to serve as a source of information for healthcare providers, researchers, technology specialists, and the general population to improve the IoHT.
Don't count, predict! A systematic comparison of context-counting vs. context-predicting semantic vectors

Context-predicting models (more commonly known as embeddings or neural language models) are the new kids on the distributional semantics block. Despite the buzz surrounding these models, the literature is still lacking a systematic comparison of the predictive models with classic, count-vector-based distributional semantic approaches. In this paper, we perform such an extensive evaluation, on a wide range of lexical semantics tasks and across many parameter settings. The results, to our own surprise, show that the buzz is fully justified, as the context-predicting models obtain a thorough and resounding victory against their count-based counterparts.
Fully homomorphic SIMD operations

At PKC 2010 Smart and Vercauteren presented a variant of Gentry’s fully homomorphic public key encryption scheme and mentioned that the scheme could support SIMD style operations. The slow key generation process of the Smart–Vercauteren system was then addressed in a paper by Gentry and Halevi, but their key generation method appears to exclude the SIMD style operation alluded to by Smart and Vercauteren. In this paper, we show how to select parameters to enable such SIMD operations, whilst still maintaining practicality of the key generation technique of Gentry and Halevi. As such, we obtain a somewhat homomorphic scheme supporting both SIMD operations and operations on large finite fields of characteristic two. This somewhat homomorphic scheme can be made fully homomorphic in a naive way by recrypting all data elements seperately. However, we show that the SIMD operations can be used to perform the recrypt procedure in parallel, resulting in a substantial speed-up. Finally, we demonstrate how such SIMD operations can be used to perform various tasks by studying two use cases: implementing AES homomorphically and encrypted database lookup.
A Simulink-based robotic toolkit for simulation and control of the PUMA 560 robot manipulator

In this paper, a Simulink Robotic Toolkit (SRTK) for the Puma 560 robot manipulator is developed on the MATLAB/SIMULINK-based platform. Through the use of the Real-Time Linux Target and the Real-Time Windows Target, the SRTK can be executed on the Linux or Win32-based operating systems (e.g., Windows 95/98/NT) in real-time. Moreover, the graphical user-friendly nature of Simulink allows the SRTK to be a flexible tool that can easily be customized to fit the specific needs of the user. That is, based on the layered approach of the SRTK, the user can perform operations such as calibration, joint control, Cartesian control, Cartesian PD control, impedance control, some trajectory generation tasks, and real-time simulation of the Puma 560 through a user-friendly MATLAB-based graphical user interface (GUI) without writing any code. One of the key features of the toolkit is that users can easily incorporate additional functionality and hardware through the simple block diagram interface that Simulink provides. Moreover, the MATLABbased GUI can also easily be modified to allow the user to exploit the added functionality with the GUI by using straightforward MATLAB script files. Hence, the SRTK allows a researcher to use the Puma 560 without the burden of the external issues related to the control, interface, and software issues, while providing for the flexibility for easily modifying components for increased functionality.