nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Active torque control of electric power steering system using composite nonlinear feedback control

Electric power steering (EPS) system plays an important role in assisting the driver to achieve better handling, steering feel and response in securing vehicle stability. In EPS control system, controlling the torque of the EPS motor is crucial where tracking of the robust command of motor angle to generate desired assist torque is very challenging. In this paper, a reference model is adopted to generate an ideal motor angle that can guarantee the desired performance and composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control is applied to achieve a faster transient response in tracking the robust reference motor angle. The H2 state optimization is used to obtain the linear control parameters whereas Hooke-Jeeves auto-tuning algorithm is used to fine-tune the nonlinear control parameters to achieve the best transient performance. The proposed control strategy is validated with CarSim Software by interfacing Simulink model with CarSim full nonlinear vehicle model under different test procedures and compared to other controllers based on ITAE performance criteria.
Multi-robot cooperative planning by consensus Q-learning

Multi-robot cooperation entails planning by multiple robots for a common objective, where each robot/agent actuates upon the environment-based on the sensory information received from the environment. Multi-robot cooperation employing equilibrium-based reinforcement learning is optimal in the sense of system resource (time and/or energy) utilization, because of the prior adaption of the environment by the robots. Unfortunately, robots cannot enjoy such benefit of reinforcement learning in presence of multiple types of equilibria (here Nash equilibrium or correlated equilibrium). In the above perspective, robots need to adapt with a strategy, so that robots can select the optimal equilibrium in each step of the learning. The paper proposes consensus-based multi-agent Q-learning to address the bottleneck of the optimal equilibrium selection among multiple types. An analysis reveals that a consensus (joint action) is coordination type pure strategy Nash equilibrium as well as pure strategy correlated equilibrium. The superiority of the proposed consensus-based multi-agent Q-learning algorithm over the traditional reference algorithms in terms of the average reward collection is shown in the experimental section. In addition, the proposed consensus-based planning algorithm is also verified considering multi-robot stick-carrying problem as a benchmark.
On the development of name search techniques for Arabic

The need for effective identity matching systems has led to extensive research in the area of name search. For the most part, such work has been limited to English and other Latin-based languages. Consequently, algorithms such as Soundex and n-gram matching are of limited utility for languages such as Arabic, which has a vastly different morphology that relies heavily on phonetic information. The dearth of work in this field is partly due to the lack of standardized test data. Consequently, we built a collection of 7,939 Arabic names, along with 50 training queries and 111 test queries. We use this collection to evaluate a variety of algorithms, including a derivative of Soundex tailored to Arabic (ASOUNDEX), measuring effectiveness using standard information retrieval measures. Our results show an improvement of 70% over existing approaches.  Identity matching systems frequently employ name search algorithms to effectively locate relevant information about a given person. Such systems are used for applications as diverse as tax fraud detection and immigration control. Using names to retrieve information makes such systems susceptible to problems arising from typographical errors. That is, exact match search approaches will not find instances of misspelled names or those names that have more than one accepted spelling. An example of the severity of the problem is noted in an NCR (1998) report that estimates that the state of Texas saved $43 million over 18 months in the field of tax compliance using an improved name search approach. Thus, the importance of such name-based search applications has resulted in improved name matching algorithms for English that make use of phonetic information, but these language-dependent techniques have not been extended to Arabic.
Analog inference circuits for deep learning

Deep Machine Learning (DML) algorithms have proven to be highly successful at challenging, high-dimensional learning problems, but their widespread deployment is limited by their heavy computational requirements and the associated power consumption. Analog computational circuits offer the potential for large improvements in power efficiency, but noise, mismatch, and other effects cause deviations from ideal computations. In this paper we describe circuits useful for DML algorithms, including a tunable-width bump circuit and a configurable distance calculator. We also discuss the impacts of computational errors on learning performance. Finally we will describe a complete deep learning engine implemented using current-mode analog circuits and compare its performance to digital equivalents.
Peer victimization, psychosocial adjustment, and physical activity in overweight and at-risk-for-overweight youth.

To examine the relationship between peer victimization and child and parent reports of psychosocial adjustment and physical activity in a clinical sample of at-risk-for-overweight and overweight children and adolescents.



The Schwartz Peer Victimization Scale, Children's Depression Inventory-Short Form, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, Social Physique Anxiety Scale, PACE+ Adolescent Physical Activity Measure, and Asher Loneliness Scale were administered to 92 children and adolescents (54 females) aged 8-18 years. The youth's parent/guardian completed the Child Behavior Checklist.



Peer victimization was positively related to child-reported depression, anxiety, social physique anxiety, and loneliness, and parent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Peer victimization was negatively related to physical activity. Depressive symptoms and loneliness mediated the relations between peer victimization and physical activity.



Recognition of the magnitude of the problem and the means of evaluating for peer victimization is important for clinicians who work with overweight youth. Assessing peer experiences may assist in understanding rates of physical activity and/or past nonadherence to clinician recommendations.
The structure of images

In practice the relevant details of images exist only over a restricted range of scale. Hence it is important to study the dependence of image structure on the level of resolution. It seems clear enough that visual perception treats images on several levels of resolution simultaneously and that this fact must be important for the study of perception. However, no applicable mathematically formulated theory to deal with such problems appers to exist. In this paper it is shown that any image can be embedded in a one-parameter family of derived images (with resolution as the parameter) in essentially only one unique way if the constraint that no spurious detail should be generated when the resolution is diminished, is applied. The structure of this family is governed by the well known diffusion equation (a parabolic, linear, partial differential equation of the second order). As such the structure fits into existing theories that treat the front end of the visual system as a continuous tack of homogeneous layer, characterized by iterated local processing schemes. When resolution is decreased the images becomes less articulated because the extrem (“light and dark blobs”) disappear one after the other. This erosion of structure is a simple process that is similar in every case. As a result any image can be described as a juxtaposed and nested set of light and dark blobs, wherein each blod has a limited range of resolution in which it manifests itself. The structure of the family of derived images permits a derivation of the sampling density required to sample the image at multiple scales of resolution. The natural scale along the resolution axis (leading to an informationally uniform sampling density) is logarithmic, thus the structure is apt for the description of size invariances.
Internet-of-Things and Smart Homes for Elderly Healthcare: An End User Perspective

Although an Internet-of-Things-based smart home solution can provide an improved and better approach to healthcare management, yet its end user adoption is very low. With elderly people as the main target, these conservative users pose a serious challenge to the successful implementation of smart home healthcare services. The objective of this research was to develop and test a theoretical framework empirically for determining the core factors that can affect the elderly users’ acceptance of smart home services for healthcare. Accordingly, an online survey was conducted with 254 elderly people aged 55 years and above across four Asian countries. Partial least square structural equation modeling was applied to analyze the effect of eight hypothesized predicting constructs. The user perceptions were measured on a conceptual level rather than the actual usage intention toward a specific service. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, expert advice, and perceived trust have a positive impact on the behavioral intention. The same association is negative for technology anxiety and perceived cost. Facilitating conditions and social influence do not have any effect on the behavioral intention. The model could explain 81.4% of the total variance in the dependent variable i.e., behavioral intention. Effort expectancy is the leading predictor of smart homes for healthcare acceptance among the elderly. Together with expert advice, perceived trust, and perceived cost, these four factors represent the key influence of the elderly peoples’ acceptance behavior. This paper provides the groundwork to explore the process of the actual adoption of smart home services for healthcare by the elderly people with potential future research areas.
The possession game? A comparative analysis of ball retention and team success in European and international football, 2007-2010.

Possession is thought of as central to success in modern football, but questions remain about its impact on positive team outcomes (Bate, 1988; Hughes & Franks, 2005; Pollard & Reep, 1997; Stanhope, 2001). Recent studies (e.g. Bloomfield, Polman, & O'Donoghue, 2005; Carling, Williams, & Reilly, 2005; James, Mellallieu, & Holley, 2002; Jones, James, & Mellalieu, 2004; Lago, 2009; Lago & Martin, 2007; Lago-Peñas & Dellal, 2010; Lago-Peñas, Lago-Ballesteros, Dellal, & Gómez, 2010; Taylor, Mellalieu, & James, 2005; Tucker, Mellalieu, James, & Taylor, 2005) that have examined these questions have often been constrained by an exclusive focus on English or Spanish domestic play. Using data from five European leagues, UEFA and FIFA tournaments, the study found that while possession time and passing predicted aggregated team success in domestic league play, both variables were poor predictors at the individual match level once team quality and home advantage were accounted for. In league play, the effect of greater possession was consistently negative; in the Champions League, it had virtually no impact. In national team tournaments, possession failed to reach significance when offensive factors were accounted for. Much of the success behind the 'possession game' was thus a function of elite teams confined in geographic and competitive space. That ball hegemony was not consistently tied to success suggests that a nuanced approach to possession is needed to account for variant strategic environments (e.g. James et al., 2002) and compels match analysts to re-examine the metric's overall value.
Power transfer capability and bifurcation phenomena of loosely coupled inductive power transfer systems

Loosely coupled inductive power transfer (LCIPT) systems are designed to deliver power efficiently from a stationary primary source to one or more movable secondary loads over relatively large air gaps via magnetic coupling. In this paper, a general approach is presented to identify the power transfer capability and bifurcation phenomena (multiple operating modes) for such systems. This is achieved using a high order mathematical model consisting of both primary and secondary resonant circuits. The primary compensation is deliberately designed to make the primary zero phase angle frequency equal the secondary resonant frequency to achieve maximum power with minimum VA rating of the supply. A contactless electric vehicle battery charger was used to validate the theory by comparing the measured and calculated operational frequency and power transfer. For bifurcation-free operation, the power transfer capability and controllability are assured by following the proposed bifurcation criteria. Where controllable operation within the bifurcation region is achievable, a significant increase in power is possible.
Service-Oriented Architecture : Concepts and Implementation

In today’s increasingly competitive and technology-driven business environment, ability to quickly adapt its business processes in response to both internal and external changes is a must for any organization. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), along with its programming models, is one strategic option to accomplish this. SOA enables an organization’s business to drive its information systems design by enabling the organization to align its business processes with information technology (IT). SOA is an architectural style that supports integration of business processes as linked services that may be accessed when needed over a network. From the perspective of application developers, SOA is a set of programming models and tools for building, accessing, and assembling services that implement business design. This paper examines the role and benefits of an application development framework built on SOA foundation. In addition, it presents a programming model to build Web services, which is the most common approach used to implement SOA.
Text and Data Mining Techniques in Adverse Drug Reaction Detection

We review data mining and related computer science techniques that have been studied in the area of drug safety to identify signals of adverse drug reactions from different data sources, such as spontaneous reporting databases, electronic health records, and medical literature. Development of such techniques has become more crucial for public heath, especially with the growth of data repositories that include either reports of adverse drug reactions, which require fast processing for discovering signals of adverse reactions, or data sources that may contain such signals but require data or text mining techniques to discover them. In order to highlight the importance of contributions made by computer scientists in this area so far, we categorize and review the existing approaches, and most importantly, we identify areas where more research should be undertaken.
EMDR: a putative neurobiological mechanism of action.

Numerous studies have provided evidence for the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy (EMDR) in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including recent studies showing it to be more efficient than therapist-directed flooding. But few theoretical explanations of how EMDR might work have been offered. Shapiro, in her original description of EMDR, proposed that its directed eye movements mimic the saccades of rapid eye movement sleep (REM), but provided no clear explanation of how such mimicry might lead to clinical improvement. We now revisit her original proposal and present a complete model for how EMDR could lead to specific improvement in PTSD and related conditions. We propose that the repetitive redirecting of attention in EMDR induces a neurobiological state, similar to that of REM sleep, which is optimally configured to support the cortical integration of traumatic memories into general semantic networks. We suggest that this integration can then lead to a reduction in the strength of hippocampally mediated episodic memories of the traumatic event as well as the memories' associated, amygdala-dependent, negative affect. Experimental data in support of this model are reviewed and possible tests of the model are suggested.
Discriminative Information Retrieval for Knowledge Discovery

We propose a framework for discriminative Information Retrieval (IR) atop linguistic features, trained to improve the recall of tasks such as answer candidate passage retrieval, the initial step in text-based Question Answering (QA). We formalize this as an instance of linear feature-based IR (Metzler and Croft, 2007), illustrating how a variety of knowledge discovery tasks are captured under this approach, leading to a 44% improvement in recall for candidate
Dead Or Alive? The Development, Trajectory And Future Of Technology Adoption Research

Research on individual-level technology adoption is one of the most mature streams of information systems (IS) research. In this paper, we compare the progress in the area of technology adoption with two widely-researched streams in psychology and organizational behavior: theory of planned behavior and job satisfaction. In addition to gauging the progress in technology adoption research, this allows us to identify some fruitful areas for future research. Based on our comparison, we conclude that there has been excellent progress in technology adoption research. However, as a next step, we call for research focused on interventions, contingencies, and alternative theoretical perspectives (to the largely social psychologybased technology adoption research. Also, we believe it would be important to use the comparisons discussed here as a basis to develop a framework-driven set of future research directions to guide further work in this area.
The Hungarian Method for the Assignment Problem

This paper has always been one of my favorite “children,” combining as it does elements of the duality of linear programming and combinatorial tools from graph theory. It may be of some interest to tell the story of its origin. I spent the summer of 1953 at the Institute for Numerical Analysis which was housed on the U.C.L.A. campus. I was supported by the National Bureau of Standards and shared an office with Ted Motzkin, a pioneer in the theory of inequalities and one of the most scholarly mathematicians I have ever known. I had no fixed duties and spent the summer working on subjects that were of interest to me at the time, such as the traveling salesman problem and the assignment problem. The Institute for Numerical Analysis was the home of the SWAC (Standards Western Automatic Computer), which had been designed by Harry Huskey and had a memory of 256 words of 40 bits each on 40 Williamson tubes. The formulation of the assignment problem as a linear program was well known, but a 10 by 10 assignment problem has 100 variables in its primal statement and 100 constraints in the dual and so was too large for the SWAC to solve as a linear program. The SEAC (Standard Eastern Automatic Computer), housed in the National Bureau of Standards in Washington, could solve linear programs with about 25 variables and 25 constraints. The SEAC had a liquid mercury memory system which was extremely limiting. During that summer, I was reading König’s book on graph theory. I recognized the following theorem of König to be a pre-linear programming example of duality: If the numbers of a matrix are 0’s and 1’s, then the minimum number of rows and columns that will contain all of the 1’s is equal to the maximum number of 1’s that can be chosen, with no two in the same row or column.
Self-compassion versus global self-esteem: two different ways of relating to oneself.

This research examined self-compassion and self-esteem as they relate to various aspects of psychological functioning. Self-compassion entails treating oneself with kindness, recognizing one's shared humanity, and being mindful when considering negative aspects of oneself.  (N=2,187) compared self-compassion and global self-esteem as they relate to ego-focused reactivity. It was found that self-compassion predicted more stable feelings of self-worth than self-esteem and was less contingent on particular outcomes. Self-compassion also had a stronger negative association with social comparison, public self-consciousness, self-rumination, anger, and need for cognitive closure. Self-esteem (but not self-compassion) was positively associated with narcissism. Study 2 (N=165) compared global self-esteem and self-compassion with regard to positive mood states. It was found that the two constructs were statistically equivalent predictors of happiness, optimism, and positive affect. Results from these two studies suggest that self-compassion may be a useful alternative to global self-esteem when considering what constitutes a healthy self-stance.
Modulation and Control of a Three-Phase Phase-Modular Isolated Matrix-Type PFC Rectifier

Three-phase phase-modular isolated power factor correction rectifiers are an interesting alternative to phase-integrated three-phase rectifiers as matrix-type phase modules allow a single-stage isolated energy conversion between the three-phase mains and a dc bus. Therefore, this paper presents a phase-modular isolated matrix-type rectifier which can be connected to the mains either in star (Y) or delta (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $\Delta$</tex-math></inline-formula>) configuration, enabling a wide input voltage range. Additionally this allows to select the voltage and current stresses of the phase module switches according to the used semiconductor technology, for example <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{650 V}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> Si or GaN devices could be used in rectifiers powered from the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${400}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> or <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{480 V}}_{\text{rms}}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> mains. A detailed analysis of the operating principles and switching behavior of the converter is presented, showing that zero voltage switching can be achieved in the phase modules. Additionally a third harmonic current injection concept is proposed which allows an up to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${15} \%$ </tex-math></inline-formula> higher output voltage in <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta$</tex-math> </inline-formula>-mode. The concepts are validated with measurements taken on a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{7.5}}\;{\text{kW}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{400}}\;{\text{V}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> dc output voltage prototype converter achieving <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${97.2} \%$</tex-math></inline-formula> efficiency and a total harmonic distortion of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ < {2} \%$</tex-math></inline-formula> at rated power.
A Geometric Method for Detecting Semantic Coercion

In this paper we present state-of-the-art results on the computational classification of semantic type coercion, accomplished using a novel geometric method which is both context-sensitive and generalisable. We show that this method improves accuracy on a SemEval dataset over previous work, and gives promising results on a new more challenging experimental setup involving the same data. In addition to a description of our distributional semantic methodology and the results obtained on an established dataset, we offer an overview of the linguistic phenomenon of coercion and an analysis of the geometric features by which our results are achieved.