nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Contention-Aware Lock Scheduling for Transactional Databases

Lock managers are among the most studied components in concurrency control and transactional systems. However, one question seems to have been generally overlooked: “When there are multiple lock requests on the same object, which one(s) should be granted first?” Nearly all existing systems rely on a FIFO (first in, first out) strategy to decide which transaction(s) to grant the lock to. In this paper, however, we show that the lock scheduling choices have significant ramifications on the overall performance of a transactional system. Despite the large body of research on job scheduling outside the database context, lock scheduling presents subtle but challenging requirements that render existing results on scheduling inapt for a transactional database. By carefully studying this problem, we present the concept of contention-aware scheduling, show the hardness of the problem, and propose novel lock scheduling algorithms (LDSF and bLDSF), which guarantee a constant factor approximation of the best scheduling. We conduct extensive experiments using a popular database on both TPC-C and a microbenchmark. Compared to FIFO— the default scheduler in most database systems—our bLDSF algorithm yields up to 300x speedup in overall transaction latency. Alternatively, our LDSF algorithm, which is simpler and achieves comparable performance to bLDSF, has already been adopted by open-source community, and was chosen as the default scheduling strategy in MySQL 8.0.3+.  Boyu Tian, Jiamin Huang, Barzan Mozafari, Grant Schoenebeck. Contention-Aware Lock Scheduling for Transactional Databases. PVLDB, 11 (5): xxxx-yyyy, 2018.
Improving gain performance by using air substrate at 5.8GHz

The popularity of microstrip antennas is increasing day by day because of ease of analysis and fabrication. This paper concerned on enhancement of gain for microstrip patch planar array antenna by using air substrate. The structure in this project is 2 by 2 microstrip patch planar array antenna with substrate εr= 1at frequency 5.8 GHz. Frequency for 5.8GHz can be applied to unlicensed WiMAX. In this project, the simulation is performed by using the simulation software Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio which is a commercially available electromagnetic simulator based on finite difference time domain technique. In this design the application of air to replace regular Flame Retardant 4 (FR-4) materials as the substrate. The substrate used for the design is air which is the thickness equal to 3mm . The thickness for the patch in this design is 0.12mm while the thickness for the ground is equal to 0.035mm. The performance of the designed antenna was analyzed in term of bandwidth, gain, return loss, VSWR, and radiation pattern.
Alliance for Aging Research AD Biomarkers Work Group: structural MRI

Biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasingly important. All modern AD therapeutic trials employ AD biomarkers in some capacity. In addition, AD biomarkers are an essential component of recently updated diagnostic criteria for AD from the National Institute on Aging--Alzheimer's Association. Biomarkers serve as proxies for specific pathophysiological features of disease. The 5 most well established AD biomarkers include both brain imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures--cerebrospinal fluid Abeta and tau, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography, and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This article reviews evidence supporting the position that MRI is a biomarker of neurodegenerative atrophy. Topics covered include methods of extracting quantitative and semiquantitative information from structural MRI; imaging-autopsy correlation; and evidence supporting diagnostic and prognostic value of MRI measures. Finally, the place of MRI in a hypothetical model of temporal ordering of AD biomarkers is reviewed.
Analysis of Bounded Cable Tensions in Cable-Actuated Parallel Manipulators

Cable-actuated parallel manipulators (CPMs) rely on cables instead of rigid links to manipulate the moving platform in the taskspace. Upper and lower bounds imposed on the cable tensions limit the force capability in CPMs and render certain forces infeasible at the end effector. This paper presents a geometrical analysis of the problems to 1) determine whether a CPM is capable of balancing a given wrench within the cable tension limits (feasibility check); 2) minimize the 2-norm of the cable tensions that balance feasible wrenches; and 3) check for the existence of an all-positive nullspace vector, which is a necessary condition to have a wrench-closure configuration in CPMs. The unified approach used in this analysis is systematic and geometrically intuitive that is based on the formulation of the static force equilibrium problem as an intersection between two convex sets and the application of Dykstra's alternating projection algorithm to find the projection of a point onto that intersection. In the case of infeasible wrenches, the algorithm can determine whether the infeasibility is because of the cable tension limits or the non-wrench-closure configuration. For the former case, a method was developed by which this algorithm can be used to extend the cable tension limits to balance infeasible wrenches. In addition, the performance of the algorithm is explained in the case of incompletely restrained cable-driven manipulators and the case of manipulators at singular poses. This paper also discusses the algorithm convergence and termination rule. This geometrical and systematic approach is intended for use as a convenient tool for cable tension analysis during design.
Predictive Mechanisms in Idiom Comprehension

Prediction is pervasive in human cognition and plays a central role in language comprehension. At an electrophysiological level, this cognitive function contributes substantially in determining the amplitude of the N400. In fact, the amplitude of the N400 to words within a sentence has been shown to depend on how predictable those words are: The more predictable a word, the smaller the N400 elicited. However, predictive processing can be based on different sources of information that allow anticipation of upcoming constituents and integration in context. In this study, we investigated the ERPs elicited during the comprehension of idioms, that is, prefabricated multiword strings stored in semantic memory. When a reader recognizes a string of words as an idiom before the idiom ends, she or he can develop expectations concerning the incoming idiomatic constituents. We hypothesized that the expectations driven by the activation of an idiom might differ from those driven by discourse-based constraints. To this aim, we compared the ERP waveforms elicited by idioms and two literal control conditions. The results showed that, in both cases, the literal conditions exhibited a more negative potential than the idiomatic condition. Our analyses suggest that before idiom recognition the effect is due to modulation of the N400 amplitude, whereas after idiom recognition a P300 for the idiomatic sentence has a fundamental role in the composition of the effect. These results suggest that two distinct predictive mechanisms are at work during language comprehension, based respectively on probabilistic information and on categorical template matching.
Automated Cognitive Health Assessment From Smart Home-Based Behavior Data

Smart home technologies offer potential benefits for assisting clinicians by automating health monitoring and well-being assessment. In this paper, we examine the actual benefits of smart home-based analysis by monitoring daily behavior in the home and predicting clinical scores of the residents. To accomplish this goal, we propose a clinical assessment using activity behavior (CAAB) approach to model a smart home resident's daily behavior and predict the corresponding clinical scores. CAAB uses statistical features that describe characteristics of a resident's daily activity performance to train machine learning algorithms that predict the clinical scores. We evaluate the performance of CAAB utilizing smart home sensor data collected from 18 smart homes over two years. We obtain a statistically significant correlation ( r=0.72) between CAAB-predicted and clinician-provided cognitive scores and a statistically significant correlation (r=0.45) between CAAB-predicted and clinician-provided mobility scores. These prediction results suggest that it is feasible to predict clinical scores using smart home sensor data and learning-based data analysis.
A Distributed RSS-Based Localization Using a Dynamic Circle Expanding Mechanism

This paper focuses on localization that serves as a smart service. Among the primary services provided by Internet of Things (IoT), localization offers automatically discoverable services. Knowledge relating to an object's position, especially when combined with other information collected from sensors and shared with other smart objects, allows us to develop intelligent systems to fast respond to changes in an environment. Today, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become a critical technology for various kinds of smart environments through which different kinds of devices can connect with each other coinciding with the principles of IoT. Among various WSN techniques designed for positioning an unknown node, the trilateration approach based on the received signal strength is the most suitable for localization due to its implementation simplicity and low hardware requirement. However, its performance is susceptible to external factors, such as the number of people present in a room, the shape and dimension of an environment, and the positions of objects and devices. To improve the localization accuracy of trilateration, we develop a novel distributed localization algorithm with a dynamic-circle-expanding mechanism capable of more accurately establishing the geometric relationship between an unknown node and reference nodes. The results of real world experiments and computer simulation show that the average error of position estimation is 0.67 and 0.225 m in the best cases, respectively. This suggests that the proposed localization algorithm outperforms other existing methods.
A Novel QoE-Centric SDN-Based Multipath Routing Approach for Multimedia Services over 5G Networks

The explosion of enhanced applications such as live video streaming, video gaming and Virtual Reality calls for efforts to optimize transport protocols to manage the increasing amount of data traffic on future 5G networks. Through bandwidth aggregation over multiple paths, the Multi-Path Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) can enhance the performance of network applications. MPTCP can split a large multimedia flow into subflows and apply a congestion control mechanism on each subflow. Segment Routing (SR), a promising source routing approach, has emerged to provide advanced packet forwarding over 5G networks. In this paper, we explore the utilization of MPTCP and SR in SDN-based networks to improve network resources utilization and end- user's QoE for delivering multimedia services over 5G networks. We propose a novel QoE-aware, SDN- based MPTCP/SR approach for service delivery. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we implemented an intelligent QoE- centric Multipath Routing Algorithm (QoMRA) on an SDN source routing platform using Mininet and POX controller. We carried out experiments on Dynamic Adaptive video Steaming over HTTP (DASH) applications over various network conditions. The preliminary results show that, our QoE-aware SDN- based MPTCP/SR scheme performs better compared to the conventional TCP approach in terms of throughput, link utilization and the end-user's QoE.
Online News Credibility: An Examination of the Perceptions of Newspaper Journalists

This study examines print and online daily newspaper journalists’ perceptions of the credibility of Internet news information, as well as the influence of several factors— most notably, professional role conceptions—on those perceptions. Credibility was measured as a multidimensional construct. The results of a survey of U.S. journalists (N = 655) show that Internet news information was viewed as moderately credible overall and that online newspaper journalists rated Internet news information as significantly more credible than did print newspaper journalists. Hierarchical regression analyses reveal that Internet reliance was a strong positive predictor of credibility. Two professional role conceptions also emerged as significant predictors. The populist mobilizer role conception was a significant positive predictor of online news credibility, while the adversarial role conception was a significant negative predictor. Demographic characteristics of print and online daily newspaper journalists did not influence their perceptions of online news credibility.
Computerized occlusal analysis in Dentofacial orthopedics: indications and clinical use the T-scan III system

By definition, orthodontists take special care in achieving a high quality occlusion when finishing cases, believing good contacts are essential to maintain dental health, function, and insure stable long-term of results. The T-scan III system provides a real-time digitized analysis of occlusion, in both static and dynamic modes, and records the distribution of occlusal forces within the dental arches in different clinical situations. While the first T-Scan generations versions showed weaknesses, recent technical improvements have made T-scan a reliable and reproducible tool, whose findings are independent of the operator. It is now possible to calibrate the sensitivity of the sensor for individual patients, and to evaluate the quality of records so that comparisons can be made between various stages of a patient’s treatment, as well as between patients. In addition to the accuracy of occlusal diagnosis, that often exceed clinical requirements, the T-scan III also can help understanding better each patient’s functional pattern. This article describes the T-scan III occlusal analysis system, reviews current literature that evaluated its clinical use, and outlines its principal indications in dentofacial orthopedics. Four clinical cases treated with full bonded lingual appliance will illustrate how the Tscan III influences orthodontic case finishing : one case of ‘‘occlusal discomfort’’ after completion of surgical and orthodontic treatments, a case of cervical abfraction lesions, a case of anterior deep bite restored with an implant-supported prosthesis, and a case of severe facial hemiatrophy treated with a complex protocol.
Is sleep position associated with glenohumeral shoulder pain and rotator cuff tendinopathy: a cross-sectional study

Glenohumeral pain and rotator cuff tendinopathy (RCT) are common musculoskeletal complaints with high prevalence among working populations. The primary proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms are sub-acromial RC tendon impingement and reduced tendon blood flow. Some sleep postures may increase subacromial pressure, potentially contributing to these postulated mechanisms. This study uses a large population of workers to investigate whether there is an association between preferred sleeping position and prevalence of: (1) shoulder pain, and (2) rotator cuff tendinopathy.



A cross-sectional analysis was performed on baseline data from a multicenter prospective cohort study. Participants were 761 workers who were evaluated by questionnaire using a body diagram to determine the presence of glenohumeral pain within 30 days prior to enrollment. The questionnaire also assessed primary and secondary preferred sleep position(s) using 6 labeled diagrams. All workers underwent a structured physical examination to determine whether RCT was present. For this study, the case definition of RCT was glenohumeral pain plus at least one of a positive supraspinatus test, painful arc and/or Neer's test. Prevalence of glenohumeral pain and RCT were individually calculated for the primary and secondary sleep postures and odds ratios were calculated.



Age, sex, Framingham cardiovascular risk score and BMI had significant associations with glenohumeral pain. For rotator cuff tendinopathy, increasing age, Framingham risk score and Hand Activity Level (HAL) showed significant associations. The sleep position anticipated to have the highest risk of glenohumeral pain and RCT was paradoxically associated with a decreased prevalence of glenohumeral pain and also trended toward being protective for RCT. Multivariable logistic regression showed no further significant associations.



This cross-sectional study unexpectedly found a reduced association between one sleep posture and glenohumeral pain. This cross-sectional study may be potentially confounded, by participants who are prone to glenohumeral pain and RCT may have learned to avoid sleeping in the predisposing position. Longitudinal studies are needed to further evaluate a possible association between glenohumeral pain or RCT and sleep posture as a potential risk factor.
Enhanced Flight Vision Systems operational feasibility study using radar and infrared sensors

Approach and landing operations during periods of reduced visibility have plagued aircraft pilots since the beginning of aviation. Although techniques are currently available to mitigate some of the visibility conditions, these operations are still ultimately limited by the pilot's ability to “see” required visual landing references (e.g., markings and/or lights of threshold and touchdown zone) and require significant and costly ground infrastructure. Certified Enhanced Flight Vision Systems (EFVS) have shown promise to lift the obscuration veil. They allow the pilot to operate with enhanced vision, in lieu of natural vision, in the visual segment to enable equivalent visual operations (EVO). An aviation standards document was developed with industry and government consensus for using an EFVS for approach, landing, and rollout to a safe taxi speed in visibilities as low as 300 feet runway visual range (RVR). These new standards establish performance, integrity, availability, and safety requirements to operate in this regime without reliance on a pilot's or flight crew's natural vision by use of a fail-operational EFVS. A pilot-in-the-loop high-fidelity motion simulation study was conducted at NASA Langley Research Center to evaluate the operational feasibility, pilot workload, and pilot acceptability of conducting straight-in instrument approaches with published vertical guidance to landing, touchdown, and rollout to a safe taxi speed in visibility as low as 300 feet RVR by use of vision system technologies on a head-up display (HUD) without need or reliance on natural vision. Twelve crews flew various landing and departure scenarios in 1800, 1000, 700, and 300 RVR. This paper details the non-normal results of the study including objective and subjective measures of performance and acceptability. The study validated the operational feasibility of approach and departure operations and success was independent of visibility conditions. Failures were handled within the lateral confines of the runway for all conditions tested. The fail-operational concept with pilot in the loop needs further study.
A 5.9 GHz LC-based digitally controlled oscillator with high frequency resolution using novel varactor pairs

This paper reports an LC-based digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) using novel varactor pairs. Proposed DCO has high frequency resolution with low phase noise in 5.9 GHz. The DCO exploits the difference between the accumulation region capacitance and inversion region capacitance of two PMOS varactors. The novel varactor pairs make much smaller switchable capacitance than those of other approaches, and hence the DCO achieves the high frequency resolution and low phase noise. Also, identical sizes of PMOS varactor make them robust from process variation. The DCO implemented in 0.18 um CMOS process operates from 5.7 GHz to 6.3 GHz with 14 kHz frequency resolution which indicates the unit switchable capacitance of 3.5 aF. The designed DCO achieves a low phase-noise of −117 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset.
Elevated plasma miRNA-122, -140-3p, -720, -2861, and -3149 during early period of acute coronary syndrome are derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Our previous study has found that circulating microRNA (miRNA, or miR) -122, -140-3p, -720, -2861, and -3149 are significantly elevated during early stage of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study was conducted to determine the origin of these elevated plasma miRNAs in ACS.



qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression profiles of these 5 miRNAs in liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, skeletal muscles, and heart. To determine their origins, these miRNAs were detected in myocardium of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and as well in platelets and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs, including monocytes, circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and lymphocytes) of the AMI pigs and ACS patients.



MiR-122 was specifically expressed in liver, and miR-140-3p, -720, -2861, and -3149 were highly expressed in heart. Compared with the sham pigs, miR-122 was highly expressed in the border zone of the ischemic myocardium in the AMI pigs without ventricular fibrillation (P < 0.01), miR-122 and -720 were decreased in platelets of the AMI pigs, and miR-122, -140-3p, -720, -2861, and -3149 were increased in PBMCs of the AMI pigs (all P < 0.05). Compared with the non-ACS patients, platelets miR-720 was decreased and PBMCs miR-122, -140-3p, -720, -2861, and -3149 were increased in the ACS patients (all P < 0.01). Furthermore, PBMCs miR-122, -720, and -3149 were increased in the AMI patients compared with the unstable angina (UA) patients (all P < 0.05). Further origin identification revealed that the expression levels of miR-122 in CECs and lymphocytes, miR-140-3p and -2861 in monocytes and CECs, miR-720 in monocytes, and miR-3149 in CECs were greatly up-regulated in the ACS patients compared with the non-ACS patients, and were higher as well in the AMI patients than that in the UA patients except for the miR-122 in CECs (all P < 0.05).



The elevated plasma miR-122, -140-3p, -720, -2861, and -3149 in the ACS patients were mainly originated from CECs and monocytes.
A transplantable system for weed classification by agricultural robotics

This work presents a rapidly deployable system for automated precision weeding with minimal human labeling time. This overcomes a limiting factor in robotic precision weeding related to the use of vision-based classification systems trained for species that may not be relevant to specific farms. We present a novel approach to overcome this problem by employing unsupervised weed scouting, weed-group labeling, and finally, weed classification that is trained on the labeled scouting data. This work demonstrates a novel labeling approach designed to maximize labeling accuracy whilst needing to label as few images as possible. The labeling approach is able to provide the best classification results of any of the examined exemplar-based labeling approaches whilst needing to label over seven times fewer images than full data labeling.