nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
2.4 to 61 GHz Multiband Double-Directional Propagation Measurements in Indoor Office Environments

This paper presents the details and results of double-directional propagation measurements carried out in two indoor office environments: a semi-open, cubicle-type office space and a more traditional work environment with closed offices. The measurements cover seven frequency bands from 2.4 to 61 GHz, permitting the propagation characteristics to be compared over a wide range of candidate radio frequencies for next-generation mobile wireless systems, including ultra high frequency and millimeter-wave bands. A novel processing algorithm is introduced for the expansion of multiband measurement data into sets of discrete multipath components. Based on the resulting multipath parameter estimates, models are presented for frequency-dependent path loss, shadow fading, copolarization ratio, delay spread, and angular spreads, along with their interfrequency correlations. Our results indicate a remarkably strong consistency in multipath structure over the entire frequency range considered.
Prior Knowledge, Level Set Representations & Visual Grouping

In this paper, we propose a level set method for shape-driven object extraction. We introduce a voxel-wise probabilistic level set formulation to account for prior knowledge. To this end, objects are represented in an implicit form. Constraints on the segmentation process are imposed by seeking a projection to the image plane of the prior model modulo a similarity transformation. The optimization of a statistical metric between the evolving contour and the model leads to motion equations that evolve the contour toward the desired image properties while recovering the pose of the object in the new image. Upon convergence, a solution that is similarity invariant with respect to the model and the corresponding transformation are recovered. Promising experimental results demonstrate the potential of such an approach.
Optimal power allocation for DL NOMA systems

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is an important candidate for 5G radio access technology. In NOMA transmitter, different users' signals are superposed on the same radio resource with different power allocation factors. The receiver removes other users' signals from the received signal before decoding its own signal. In this work, an iterative gradient ascent-based power allocation method is proposed for downlink NOMA transmitter. It maximizes the geometric mean of the throughputs of users who share the same radio resource to provide proportional fairness between users. Simulation results show that the method achieves theoretical best results in terms of the suggested metric. Also it is shown that it increases the efficiency as much as 80% when compared to orthogonal multiple access (OMA) and it gives better results than NOMA that uses fixed and fractional power allocation methods.
An exploration of semantic relations in neural word embeddings using extrinsic knowledge

In the recent few years, neural-network-based word embeddings have been widely used in text mining. However, the dense representations of word embeddings act as a black box and lack interpretability. Even though word embeddings are able to capture semantic regularities in free text documents, it is not clear what kinds of semantic relations can be represented by word embeddings and how semantically-related terms can be retrieved from word embeddings. In this study, we propose a novel approach to explore the semantic relations in neural embeddings using extrinsic knowledge from WordNet and Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). We trained multiple word embeddings using health-related articles in Wikipedia. We then evaluated the performance of the different word embeddings in semantic relation term retrieval tasks. This study shows that word embeddings can group terms with diverse semantic relations together.
Analysis and Application of Discrete Halbach Magnet Array With Unequal Arc Lengths and Unequally Changed Magnetization Directions

This paper presents a general process to analyze and optimize the performance for an arbitrary discrete Halbach magnet array which is “unnormal” on magnetization direction and arc length of each segment. Besides the original type, a new arrangement of Halbach array is proposed, which does not have main PM segments. Two-dimensional field analytical models for predicting the air-gap field distribution of both arrangements are offered and validated by an FEA method. Then, a multi-objective optimizer was applied for different requirements, and comparison between normal and optimized 3-segment Halbach array is given to verify the effect of optimization. At last, some potential applications and follow-up study are discussed.
A novel approach for collaborative filtering to alleviate the new item cold-start problem

Recommender systems have been widely used as an important response to information overload problem by providing users with more personalized information services. The most popular core technique of such systems is collaborative filtering, which utilizes users' known preference to generate predictions of the unknown preferences. A key challenge for collaborative filtering recommender systems is generating high quality recommendations on the cold-start items, on which no user has expressed preferences yet. In this paper, we propose a hybrid algorithm by using both the ratings and content information to tackle item-side cold-start problem. We first cluster items based on the rating matrix and then utilize the clustering results and item content information to build a decision tree to associate the novel items with the existing ones. Considering the ratings on novel item constantly increasing, we show predictions of our approach can be combined with the traditional collaborative-filtering methods to yield superior performance with a coefficient. Experiments on real data set show the improvement of our approach in overcoming the item-side cold-start problem.
FPGA Hardware Acceleration of Monte Carlo Simulations for the Ising Model

A two-dimensional Ising model with nearest-neighbors ferromagnetic interactions is implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) board. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations were carried out using an efficient hardware representation of individual spins and a combined global-local LFSR random number generator. Consistent results regarding the descriptive properties of magnetic systems, like energy, magnetization and susceptibility are obtained while a speed-up factor of approximately six times is achieved in comparison to previous FPGA-based published works and almost <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^4$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="ortegazamorano-ieq1-2505725.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> times in comparison to a standard CPU simulation. A detailed description of the logic design used is given together with a careful analysis of the quality of the random number generator used. The obtained results confirm the potential of FPGAs for analyzing the statistical mechanics of magnetic systems.
Listen and Translate: A Proof of Concept for End-to-End Speech-to-Text Translation

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Listen and Translate: A Proof of Concept for End-to-End Speech-to-Text Translation Alexandre Bérard, Olivier Pietquin, Laurent Besacier, Christophe Servan
All-Metal Transmit-Array for Circular Polarization Design Using Rotated Cross-Slot Elements for High-Power Microwave Applications

Transmit-array (T-A) design for circular polarization made by all metal is presented in this communication. The proposed T-A consists of numerous cross-slot elements. The simulation results indicate that rotating the cross slot on the element, a full transmission phase range of 360° can be achieved for a transmission magnitude better than −0.6 dB at 9.375 GHz. A T-A has been designed, simulated, and measured in x-band. The measurement results show that the T-A can radiate the wave in the desired direction with an enhanced gain. They are in agreement with the theoretical and simulation results. Furthermore, the all-metal T-A presented in this communication has the application potentials for high-power microwave applications.
Addressing the Fundamental Tension of PCGML with Discriminative Learning

Procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) is typically framed as the task of fitting a generative model to full-scale examples of a desired content distribution. This approach presents a fundamental tension: the more design effort expended to produce detailed training examples for shaping a generator, the lower the return on investment from applying PCGML in the first place. In response, we propose the use of discriminative models (which capture the validity of a design rather the distribution of the content) trained on positive and negative examples. Through a modest modification of WaveFunctionCollapse, a commercially-adopted PCG approach that we characterize as using elementary machine learning, we demonstrate a new mode of control for learning-based generators. We demonstrate how an artist might craft a focused set of additional positive and negative examples by critique of the generator’s previous outputs. This interaction mode bridges PCGML with mixed-initiative design assistance tools by working with a machine to define a space of valid designs rather than just one new design.
Demand Characteristics in Assessing Motion Sickness in a Virtual Environment: Or Does Taking a Motion Sickness Questionnaire Make You Sick?

The experience of motion sickness in a virtual environment may be measured through pre and postexperiment self-reported questionnaires such as the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). Although research provides converging evidence that users of virtual environments can experience motion sickness, there have been no controlled studies to determine to what extent the user's subjective response is a demand characteristic resulting from pre and posttest measures. In this study, subjects were given either SSQ's both pre and postvirtual environment immersion, or only postimmersion. This technique tested for contrast effects due to demand characteristics in which administration of the questionnaire itself suggested to the participant that the virtual environment may produce motion sickness. Results indicate that reports of motion sickness after immersion in a virtual environment are much greater when both pre and postquestionnaires are given than when only a posttest questionnaire is used. The implications for assessments of motion sickness in virtual environments are discussed.
FPGA Design Methodology for Industrial Control Systems—A Review

This paper reviews the state of the art of field- programmable gate array (FPGA) design methodologies with a focus on industrial control system applications. This paper starts with an overview of FPGA technology development, followed by a presentation of design methodologies, development tools and relevant CAD environments, including the use of portable hardware description languages and system level programming/design tools. They enable a holistic functional approach with the major advantage of setting up a unique modeling and evaluation environment for complete industrial electronics systems. Three main design rules are then presented. These are algorithm refinement, modularity, and systematic search for the best compromise between the control performance and the architectural constraints. An overview of contributions and limits of FPGAs is also given, followed by a short survey of FPGA-based intelligent controllers for modern industrial systems. Finally, two complete and timely case studies are presented to illustrate the benefits of an FPGA implementation when using the proposed system modeling and design methodology. These consist of the direct torque control for induction motor drives and the control of a diesel-driven synchronous stand-alone generator with the help of fuzzy logic.
Volume/weight/cost comparison of a 1MVA 10 kV/400 V solid-state against a conventional low-frequency distribution transformer

Solid-State Transformers (SSTs) are an emergent topic in the context of the Smart Grid paradigm, where SSTs could replace conventional passive transformers to add flexibility and controllability, such as power routing capabilities or reactive power compensation, to the grid. This paper presents a comparison of a 1000 kVA three-phase, low-frequency distribution transformer (LFT) and an equally rated SST, with respect to volume, weight, losses, and material costs, where the corresponding data of the SST is partly based on a full-scale prototype design. It is found that the SST's costs are at least five times and its losses about three times higher, its weight similar but its volume reduced to less than 80%. In addition, an AC/DC application is also considered, where the comparison turns out in favor of the SST-based concept, since its losses are only about half compared to the LFT-based system, and the volume and the weight are reduced to about one third, whereas the material costs advantage of the LFT is much less pronounced.
GENDER RECOGNITION FROM FACES USING BANDLET TRANSFORMATION

Gender Recognition is important in different commercial and law enforcement applications. In this paper we have proposed a gender recognition system through facial images. We have used a different technique that involves Bandlet Transform instead of previously used Wavelet Transform, which is a multi-resolution technique and more efficiently provides the edges of images, and then mean is combined to create the feature vectors of the images. To classify the images for gender, we have used fuzzy c mean clustering. Experimental results have shown that average 97.1% accuracy have been achieved using this technique when SUMS database was used and 93.3% was achieved when FERET database was used. Keywords----Bandlet, Gender Recognition, Fuzzy C-mean, Multi Resolution.
Remotely Controllable Outlet System for Home Power Management

In this paper, we describe a remotely controllable outlet system with mechanism for home power management. The system consists of four blocks: the Bluetooth power-controlled outlet module (BPCOM), the home server, the remote control and the GSM channel. Bluetooth, wireless system can control the home electric appliances wirelessly at home without new wiring. The BPCOM integrates the multiply AC power sockets and a simple plug-in low-power microcontroller performs the power on/off switching of the sockets. In addition, the power detection circuits are used by the Hall current transducer to verify home electric appliance power on/off status. For the power management module of the home server, we designed the software module by Visual Basic .NET, which supports the graphic user interface (GUI) to let users easily monitor the home electric appliances power on/off. We also integrate Bluetooth to receive/transmit between the home server and the microcontroller. The remote control also provides the users with the ability to control home appliances power on/off through the Internet and the GSM channel linked to the home server in order to receive the SMS (short message service) for the power management of the home electric appliances power on/off anytime and anywhere
The associative basis of the creative process.

The intent of this paper is the presentation of an associative interpretation of the process of creative thinking. The explanation is not directed to any specific field of application such as art or science but attempts to delineate processes that underlie all creative thought. The discussion will take the following form, (a) First, we will define creative thinking in associative terms and indicate three ways in which creative solutions may be achieved—serendipity, similarity, and mediation, (b) This definition will allow us to deduce those individual difference variables which will facilitate creative performance, (c) Consideration of the definition of the creative process has suggested an operational statement of the definition in the form of a test. The test will be briefly described along with some preliminary research results.
Security and compliance challenges in complex IT outsourcing arrangements: A multi-stakeholder perspective

Complex IT outsourcing arrangements promise numerous benefits such as increased cost predictability and reduced costs, higher flexibility and scalability upon demand. Organizations trying to realize these benefits, however, face several security and compliance challenges. In this article, we investigate the pressure to take action with respect to such challenges and discuss avenues toward promising responses. We collected perceptions on security and compliance challenges from multiple stakeholders by means of a series of interviews and an online survey, first, to analyze the current and future relevance of the challenges as well as potential adverse effects on organizational performance and, second, to discuss the nature and scope of potential responses. The survey participants confirmed the current and future relevance of the six challenges auditing clouds, managing heterogeneity of services, coordinating involved parties, managing relationships between clients and vendors, localizing and migrating data and coping with lack of security awareness. Additionally, they perceived these challenges as affecting organizational performance adversely in case they are not properly addressed. Responses in form of organizational measures were considered more promising than technical ones concerning all challenges except localizing and migrating data, for which the opposite was true. Balancing relational and contractual governance as well as employing specific client and vendor capabilities is essential for the success of IT outsourcing arrangements, yet do not seem sufficient to overcome the investigated challenges. Innovations connecting the technical perspective of utility software with the business perspective of application software relevant for security and compliance management, however, nourish the hope that the benefits associated with complex IT outsourcing arrangements can be realized in the foreseeable future whilst addressing the security and compliance challenges. a 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 61. .fraunhofer.de (D. Bachlechner), stefan.thalmann@uibk.ac.at (S. Thalmann), ronald.maier@ ier Ltd. All rights reserved. c om p u t e r s & s e c u r i t y 4 0 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 3 8e5 9 39
Analysis of malicious input issues on intelligent systems

Intelligent systems can facilitate decision making and have been widely applied to various domains. The output of intelligent systems relies on the users’ input. However, with the development of Web-Based Interface, users can easily provide dishonest input. Therefore, the accuracy of the generated decision will be affected. This dissertation presents three essays to discuss the defense solutions for malicious input into three types of intelligent systems: expert systems, recommender systems, and rating systems. Different methods are proposed in each domain based on the nature of each problem. The first essay addresses the input distortion issue in expert systems. It develops four methods to distinguish liars from truth-tellers, and redesign the expert systems to control the impact of input distortion by liars. Experimental results show that the proposed methods could lead to the better accuracy or the lower misclassification cost. The second essay addresses the shilling attack issue in recommender systems. It proposes an integrated Value-based Neighbor Selection (VNS) approach, which aims to select proper neighbors for recommendation systems that maximize the e-retailer’s profit while protecting the system from shilling attacks. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The third essay addresses the rating fraud issue in rating systems. It designs a twophase procedure for rating fraud detection based on the temporal analysis on the rating series.
Visual analysis of pressure in football

Modern movement tracking technologies enable acquisition of high quality data about movements of the players and the ball in the course of a football match. However, there is a big difference between the raw data and the insights into team behaviors that analysts would like to gain. To enable such insights, it is necessary first to establish relationships between the concepts characterizing behaviors and what can be extracted from data. This task is challenging since the concepts are not strictly defined. We propose a computational approach to detecting and quantifying the relationships of pressure emerging during a game. Pressure is exerted by defending players upon the ball and the opponents. Pressing behavior of a team consists of multiple instances of pressure exerted by the team members. The extracted pressure relationships can be analyzed in detailed and summarized forms with the use of static and dynamic visualizations and interactive query tools. To support examination of team tactics in different situations, we have designed and implemented a novel interactive visual tool “time mask”. It enables selection of multiple disjoint time intervals in which given conditions are fulfilled. Thus, it is possible to select game situations according to ball possession, ball distance to the goal, time that has passed since the last ball possession change or remaining time before the next change, density of players’ positions, or various other conditions. In response to a query, the analyst receives visual and statistical summaries of the set of selected situations and can thus perform joint analysis of these situations. We give examples of applying the proposed combination of computational, visual, and interactive techniques to real data from games in the German Bundesliga, where the teams actively used pressing in their defense tactics.