nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Points of interest recommendation from GPS trajectories

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The advantages of an unsteady panel method in modelling the aerodynamic forces on rigid flapping wings

This paper responds to research into the aerodynamics of flapping wings and to the problem of the lack of an adequate method which accommodates large-scale trailing vortices. A comparative review is provided of prevailing aerodynamic methods, highlighting their respective limitations as well as strengths. The main advantages of an unsteady aerodynamic panel method are then introduced and illustrated by modelling the flapping wings of a tethered sphingid moth and comparing the results with those generated using a quasi-steady method. The improved correlations of the aerodynamic forces and the resultant graphics clearly demonstrate the advantages of the unsteady panel method (namely, its ability to detail the trailing wake and to include dynamic effects in a distributed manner).
Traditional low-alcoholic and non-alcoholic fermented beverages consumed in European countries: a neglected food group.

Fermented beverages hold a long tradition and contribution to the nutrition of many societies and cultures worldwide. Traditional fermentation has been empirically developed in ancient times as a process of raw food preservation and at the same time production of new foods with different sensorial characteristics, such as texture, flavour and aroma, as well as nutritional value. Low-alcoholic fermented beverages (LAFB) and non-alcoholic fermented beverages (NAFB) represent a subgroup of fermented beverages that have received rather little attention by consumers and scientists alike, especially with regard to their types and traditional uses in European societies. A literature review was undertaken and research articles, review papers and textbooks were searched in order to retrieve data regarding the dietary role, nutrient composition, health benefits and other relevant aspects of diverse ethnic LAFB and NAFB consumed by European populations. A variety of traditional LAFB and NAFB consumed in European regions, such as kefir, kvass, kombucha and hardaliye, are presented. Milk-based LAFB and NAFB are also available on the market, often characterised as 'functional' foods on the basis of their probiotic culture content. Future research should focus on elucidating the dietary role and nutritional value of traditional and 'functional' LAFB and NAFB, their potential health benefits and consumption trends in European countries. Such data will allow for LAFB and NAFB to be included in national food composition tables.
Security of Cached Content in NDN

In Named-Data Networking (NDN), content is cached in network nodes and served for future requests. This property of NDN allows attackers to inject poisoned content into the network and isolate users from valid content sources. Since a digital signature is embedded in every piece of content in NDN architecture, poisoned content is discarded if routers perform signature verification; however, if every content is verified by every router, it would be overly expensive to do. In our preliminary work, we have suggested a content verification scheme that minimizes unnecessary verification and favors already verified content in the content store, which reduces the verification overhead by as much as 90% without failing to detect every piece of poisoned content. Under this scheme, however, routers are vulnerable to verification attack, in which a large amount of unverified content is accessed to exhaust system resources. In this paper, we carefully look at the possible concerns of our preliminary work, including verification attack, and present a simple but effective solution. The proposed solution mitigates the weakness of our preliminary work and allows this paper to be deployed for real-world applications.
RADIX-10 PARALLEL DECIMAL MULTIPLIER 1

This paper introduces novel architecture for Radix-10 decimal multiplier. The new generation of high-performance decimal floating-point units (DFUs) is demanding efficient implementations of parallel decimal multiplier. The parallel generation of partial products is performed using signed-digit radix-10 recoding of the multiplier and a simplified set of multiplicand multiples. The reduction of partial products is implemented in a tree structure based on a new algorithm decimal multioperand carry-save addition that uses a unconventional decimal-coded number systems. We further detail these techniques and it significantly improves the area and latency of the previous design, which include: optimized digit recoders, decimal carry-save adders (CSA's) combining different decimal-coded operands, and carry free adders implemented by special designed bit counters.  Decimal computer arithmetic, parallel decimal multiplication, partial product generation and reduction, Decimal carry-save addition.
Dynamic ferrofluid sculpture: organic shape-changing art forms

From ancient times, standing sculptures in Japan and elsewhere were made of materials such as clay, stone, wood, or metal. Materials were formed, modeled, modified, cut, and reshaped using processes appropriate for them, and the forms and textures of sculptures made from the materials did not change except by abrasion or surface corrosion. The invention of photography changed this world of unchanging art. Modern materials and electric and machine technology came to be used in artworks and inspired kinetic art such as that by Naum Gabo and László Moholy-Nagy was created. Since then, numerous artists, designers, and architects have created moving, kinetic works. Since the introduction of the computer (for example, in cybernetic art proposed by Nicolas Shöffer), a number of artworks have been produced by processing external
Technology advancement of laminate substrates for mobile, iot, and automotive applications

The increasing level of integration in electronic devices requires high density package substrates with good electrical and thermal performance, and high reliability. Organic laminate substrates have been serving these requirements with their continuous improvements in terms of the material characteristics and fabrication process to realize multi-layer fine pattern interconnects and small form factor. We present the advanced coreless laminate substrates in this paper including 3-layer thin substrate built by ETS (Embedded Trace Substrate) technology, 3-layer SUTC (Simmtech Ultra-Thin substrate with Carrier) for fan-out chip last package, and 3-layer coreless substrate with HSR (High modulus Solder Resist) for reduced warpage. We also present new coreless substrates up to 10 layers and substrate based on EMC. These new laminate substrates are used in many different applications such as application processors, memory, CMOS image sensors, touch screen controllers, MEMS, and RF SIP(System in Package) for over 70GHz applications. One common challenge for all these substrates is to minimize the warpage. The analysis and simulation techniques for the warpage control are presented.
Vulvar endometrioma: a case report.

Endometriosis is a benign and common disorder that is characterized by ectopic endometrium outside the uterus. Extrapelvic endometriosis, like of the vulva, is rarely seen. We report a case of a 47-year-old woman referred to our clinic due to complaints of a vulvar mass and periodic swelling of the mass at the time of menstruation. During surgery, the cyst ruptured and a chocolate-colored liquid escaped onto the surgical field. The cyst was extirpated totally. Hipstopathological examination showed findings compatible with endometriosis. She was asked to follow-up after three weeks. The patient had no complaints and the incision field was clear at the follow-up.
Learning with social robots — The World Robot Summit's approach

It is anticipated that in the near future, social robots will become integral part of schools to enhance student learning experience. This paper reports students' experience through a new robotics competition with social robots for primary and secondary school students. The Junior category of the World Robot Summit (WRS) offers a new robotics competition for students focusing on the Co-Bot experience (human-robot co-existence), hosted by the Japan Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI) and the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The social robot that is used in the World Robot Summit is Pepper, a sophisticated humanoid robot, offered by SoftBank Robotics. This paper focuses on students' experience as active users of social robots through the School Robot Challenge Workshop and Trial 2017 held in Tokyo, Japan in August 2017, where they programmed and/or developed solutions for the tasks using social robots. There were 13 teams from various countries participated in the two-and-half day workshop to learn to program Pepper, and two-day trial competition where they demonstrated their work. During the two-day trial, although there were some technical glitches, all 13 teams demonstrated their solutions and performance they developed with their Co-Bot ideas developed during the workshop.
Phylogeny and classification of the Digenea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda).

Complete small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (ssrDNA) and partial (D1-D3) large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (lsrDNA) sequences were used to estimate the phylogeny of the Digenea via maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. Here we contribute 80 new ssrDNA and 124 new lsrDNA sequences. Fully complementary data sets of the two genes were assembled from newly generated and previously published sequences and comprised 163 digenean taxa representing 77 nominal families and seven aspidogastrean outgroup taxa representing three families. Analyses were conducted on the genes independently as well as combined and separate analyses including only the higher plagiorchiidan taxa were performed using a reduced-taxon alignment including additional characters that could not be otherwise unambiguously aligned. The combined data analyses yielded the most strongly supported results and differences between the two methods of analysis were primarily in their degree of resolution. The Bayesian analysis including all taxa and characters, and incorporating a model of nucleotide substitution (general-time-reversible with among-site rate heterogeneity), was considered the best estimate of the phylogeny and was used to evaluate their classification and evolution. In broad terms, the Digenea forms a dichotomy that is split between a lineage leading to the Brachylaimoidea, Diplostomoidea and Schistosomatoidea (collectively the Diplostomida nomen novum (nom. nov.)) and the remainder of the Digenea (the Plagiorchiida), in which the Bivesiculata nom. nov. and Transversotremata nom. nov. form the two most basal lineages, followed by the Hemiurata. The remainder of the Plagiorchiida forms a large number of independent lineages leading to the crown clade Xiphidiata nom. nov. that comprises the Allocreadioidea, Gorgoderoidea, Microphalloidea and Plagiorchioidea, which are united by the presence of a penetrating stylet in their cercariae. Although a majority of families and to a lesser degree, superfamilies are supported as currently defined, the traditional divisions of the Echinostomida, Plagiorchiida and Strigeida were found to comprise non-natural assemblages. Therefore, the membership of established higher taxa are emended, new taxa erected and a revised, phylogenetically based classification proposed and discussed in light of ontogeny, morphology and taxonomic history.
Web Data Extraction and Alignment Tools: A survey

Data extraction from the web pages is the process of analyzing and retrieving relevant data out of the data sources (usually unstructured or poorly structure) in a specific pattern for further processing, involves addition of metadata and data integration details for further process in the data workflow. This survey describes overview of the different web data extraction and data alignment techniques. Extraction techniques are DeLa, DEPTA, ViPER, and ViNT. Data alignment techniques are Pairwise QRR alignment, Holistic alignment, Nested structure processing. Query Result pages are generated by using Web database based on Users Query. The data from these query result pages should be automatically extracted which is very important for many applications, such as data integration, which are needed to cooperate with multiple web databases. New method is proposed for data extraction t that combines both tag and value similarity. It automatically extracts data from query result pages by first identifying and segmenting the query result records (QRRs) in the query result pages and then aligning the segmented QRRs into a table. In which the data values from the same attribute are put into the same column. Data region identification method identify the noncontiguous QRRs that have the same parents according to their tag similarities. Specifically, we propose new techniques to handle the case when the QRRs are not contiguous, which may be due to presence of auxiliary information, such as a comment, recommendation or advertisement, and for handling any nested structure that may exist in the QRRs.
COUPLERS Power Combiners , Impedance Transformers and Directional Couplers : Part II

Wilkinson Power Dividers/Combiners The in-phase power combiners and dividers are important components of the RF and microwave transmitters when it is necessary to deliver a high level of the output power to antenna, especially in phased-array systems. In this case, it is also required to provide a high degree of isolation between output ports over some frequency range for identical in-phase signals with equal amplitudes. Figure 19(a) shows a planar structure of the basic parallel beam N-way divider/combiner, which provides a combination of powers from the N signal sources. Here, the input impedance of the N transmission lines (connected in parallel) with the characteristic impedance of Z0 each is equal to Z0/N. Consequently, an additional quarterwave transmission line with the characteristic impedance
Technological Advances in Deep Brain Stimulation.

Functional and stereotactic neurosurgery has always been regarded as a subspecialty based on and driven by technological advances. However until recently, the fundamentals of deep brain stimulation (DBS) hardware and software design had largely remained stagnant since its inception almost three decades ago. Recent improved understanding of disease processes in movement disorders as well clinician and patient demands has resulted in new avenues of development for DBS technology. This review describes new advances both related to hardware and software for neuromodulation. New electrode designs with segmented contacts now enable sophisticated shaping and sculpting of the field of stimulation, potentially allowing multi-target stimulation and avoidance of side effects. To avoid lengthy programming sessions utilising multiple lead contacts, new user-friendly software allows for computational modelling and individualised directed programming. Therapy delivery is being improved with the next generation of smaller profile, longer-lasting, re-chargeable implantable pulse generators (IPGs). These include IPGs capable of delivering constant current stimulation or personalised closed-loop adaptive stimulation. Post-implantation Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has long been an issue which has been partially overcome with 'MRI conditional devices' and has enabled verification of DBS lead location. Surgical technique is considering a shift from frame-based to frameless stereotaxy or greater role for robot assisted implantation. The challenge for these contemporary techniques however, will be in demonstrating equivalent safety and accuracy to conventional methods. We also discuss potential future direction utilising wireless technology allowing for miniaturisation of hardware.
Dense Recurrent Neural Networks for Scene Labeling

Recently recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have demonstrated the ability to improve scene labeling through capturing long-range dependencies among image units. In this paper, we propose dense RNNs for scene labeling by exploring various long-range semantic dependencies among image units. In comparison with existing RNN based approaches, our dense RNNs are able to capture richer contextual dependencies for each image unit via dense connections between each pair of image units, which significantly enhances their discriminative power. Besides, to select relevant and meanwhile restrain irrelevant dependencies for each unit from dense connections, we introduce an attention model into dense RNNs. The attention model enables automatically assigning more importance to helpful dependencies while less weight to unconcerned dependencies. Integrating with convolutional neural networks (CNNs), our method achieves state-of-the-art performances on the PASCAL Context, MIT ADE20K and SiftFlow benchmarks.
School of phish: a real-word evaluation of anti-phishing training

PhishGuru is an embedded training system that teaches users to avoid falling for phishing attacks by delivering a training message when the user clicks on the URL in a simulated phishing email. In previous lab and real-world experiments, we validated the effectiveness of this approach. Here, we extend our previous work with a 515-participant, real-world study in which we focus on long-term retention and the effect of two training messages. We also investigate demographic factors that influence training and general phishing susceptibility. Results of this study show that (1) users trained with PhishGuru retain knowledge even after 28 days; (2) adding a second training message to reinforce the original training decreases the likelihood of people giving information to phishing websites; and (3) training does not decrease users' willingness to click on links in legitimate messages. We found no significant difference between males and females in the tendency to fall for phishing emails both before and after the training. We found that participants in the 18--25 age group were consistently more vulnerable to phishing attacks on all days of the study than older participants. Finally, our exit survey results indicate that most participants enjoyed receiving training during their normal use of email.
S-Audit: Efficient Data Integrity Verification for Cloud Storage

Commercial cloud storage services are being widely adopted. The most common integrity verification methods for data stored remotely are based on cryptographic hashes and digital signatures. These allow checking that the data has not been tampered while stored in the cloud. However, both require downloading all the data before doing the verification, with significant time and monetary costs. This paper presents S-AUDIT, a service that provides integrity verification of data stored in commercial clouds. S-AUDIT uses homomorphic authentication with digital signatures to avoid retrieving the protected data from the cloud. The service was integrated with a cloud-backed file system called SCFS to show how it can be used in practice. Our experimental evaluation shows that using S-AUDIT is 7.1% cheaper than using RSA signatures when the integrity of the data is verified monthly, and 34.9% when verified weekly, in a typical setting.
Reading literary fiction improves theory of mind.

Understanding others' mental states is a crucial skill that enables the complex social relationships that characterize human societies. Yet little research has investigated what fosters this skill, which is known as Theory of Mind (ToM), in adults. We present five experiments showing that reading literary fiction led to better performance on tests of affective ToM (experiments 1 to 5) and cognitive ToM (experiments 4 and 5) compared with reading nonfiction (experiments 1), popular fiction (experiments 2 to 5), or nothing at all (experiments 2 and 5). Specifically, these results show that reading literary fiction temporarily enhances ToM. More broadly, they suggest that ToM may be influenced by engagement with works of art.
A survey on routing protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper presents a survey of state-of-the-art routing techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Compared with traditional wireless networks, WSNs are characterized with denser levels of node deployment, higher unreliability of sensor nodes and severe power, computation and memory constraints. Various design challenges such as energy efficiency, data delivery models, quality of service, overheads etc., for routing protocols in WSNs are highlighted. We addressed most of the proposed routing methods along with scheme designs, benefits and result analysis wherever possible. The routing protocols discussed are classified into seven categories such as Data centric routing, Hierarchical routing, Location based routing, Negotiation based routing, Multipath based routing, Quality of Service (QoS) routing and Mobility based routing. This paper also compares the routing protocols against parameters such as power consumption, scalability, mobility, optimal routing and data aggregation. The paper concludes with possible open research issues in WSNs.