nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacology of vasoactive drugs

1 Pharmacist, Professor, and Researcher at the College of Pharmacy at the Federal Fluminense University. 2 Physiatric Doctor at the Institute of Instituto de Medicina Física e Reabilitação do Hospital da Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the Hospital of the Clinics of the College of Medicine of the University of São Paulo). Coordinator of Teaching and Research of the Instituto Brasil de Tecnologias da Saúde (Brazilian Institute of Health Technologies). 3 Orthopediatric Doctor and Physiatrist, CSO of the Instituto Brasil de Tecnologias da Saúde (Brazilian Institute of Health Technologies). Peripheral vascular diseases (PVDS) are characterized as a circulation problem in the veins, arteries, and lymphatic system. The main therapy consists of changes in lifestyle such as diet and physical activity. The pharmacological therapy includes the use of vasoactive drugs, which are used in arteriopathies and venolymphatic disorders. The goal of this study was to research the scientific literature on the use and pharmacology of vasoactive drugs, emphasizing the efficacy of their local actions and administration.
LightDB: A DBMS for Virtual Reality Video

We present the data model, architecture, and evaluation of LightDB, a database management system designed to efficiently manage virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VAMR) video content. VAMR video differs from its two-dimensional counterpart in that it is spherical with periodic angular dimensions, is nonuniformly and continuously sampled, and applications that consume such videos often have demanding latency and throughput requirements. To address these challenges, LightDB treats VAMR video data as a logically-continuous six-dimensional light field. Furthermore, LightDB supports a rich set of operations over light fields, and automatically transforms declarative queries into executable physical plans. We have implemented a prototype of LightDB and, through experiments with VAMR applications in the literature, we find that LightDB offers up to 4× throughput improvements compared with prior work.  Brandon Haynes, Amrita Mazumdar, Armin Alaghi, Magdalena Balazinska, Luis Ceze, Alvin Cheung.  A DBMS for Virtual Reality Video. PVLDB, 11 (10): 1192-1205, 2018.
GPU-based parallel algorithm for VPL-approximated EM wave propagation

The simulation of EM (electromagnetic) wave propagation requires considerable computation time, as it analyzes a large number of propagation paths. To overcome this problem, we propose a GPU (graphics processing unit)-based parallel algorithm for VPL (vertical plane launch)-approximated EM wave propagation. The conventional algorithm computes the gain along propagation paths with irregular memory access, which results in low GPU performance. In our proposed algorithm, a CPU reorders irregular propagation paths to a GPU-suitable linear order on the CPU memory at each receiving point. We hid the reordering time behind CPU-GPU communication and GPU-based computation of gain on the reordered memory. We found that our proposed algorithm with a quad GPU is up to 30 times faster than the conventional algorithm with a 16-threaded dual CPU.
UAV Depth Perception from Visual , Images using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Recent proliferation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) into the commercial space has been accompanied by a similar growth in aerial imagery . While useful in many applications, the utility of this visual data is limited in comparison with the total range of desired airborne missions. In this work, we extract depth of field information from monocular images from UAV on-board cameras using a single frame of data per-mapping. Several methods have been previously used with varying degrees of success for similar spatial inferencing tasks, however we sought to take a different approach by framing this as an augmented style-transfer problem. In this work, we sought to adapt two of the state-of-theart style transfer methods to the problem of depth mapping. The first method adapted was based on the unsupervised Pix2Pix approach. The second was developed using a cyclic generative adversarial network (cycle GAN). In addition to these two approaches, we also implemented a baseline algorithm previously used for depth map extraction on indoor scenes, the multi-scale deep network. Using the insights gained from these implementations, we then developed a new methodology to overcome the shortcomings observed that was inspired by recent work in perceptual feature-based style transfer. These networks were trained on matched UAV perspective visual image, depth-map pairs generated using Microsoft’s AirSim high-fidelity UAV simulation engine and environment. The performance of each network was tested using a reserved test set at the end of training and the effectiveness evaluated using against three metrics. While our new network was not able to outperform any of the other approaches but cycle GANs, we believe that the intuition behind the approach was demonstrated to be valid and that it may be successfully refined with future work.
Activation of RAW 264 . 7 mouse macrophage cells in vitro through treatment with recombinant ricin toxin-binding subunit B : Involvement of protein tyrosine , NF-κ B and JAK-STAT kinase signaling pathways

Ricin toxin-binding subunit B (RTB) is a galactosebinding lectin protein. In the present study, we investigated the effects of RTB on inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as the signal transduction mechanisms involved in recombinant RTB-induced macrophage activation. RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with RTB. The results revealed that the mRNA and protein expression of iNOS was increased in the recombinant RTB-treated macrophages. TNF-α production was observed to peak at 20 h, whereas the production of IL-6 peaked at 24 h. In another set of cultures, the cells were co-incubated with RTB and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002, the p42/44 inhibitor, PD98059, the p38 inhibitor, SB203580, the JNK inhibitor, SP600125, the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, staurosporine, the JAK2 inhibitor, tyrphostin (AG490), or the NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA. The recombinant RTB-induced production of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 was inhibited in the macrophages treated with the pharmacological inhibitors genistein, LY294002, staurosporine, AG490, SB203580 and BAY 11-7082, indicating the possible involvement of protein tyrosine kinases, PI3K, PKC, JAK2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in the above processes. A phosphoprotein analysis identified tyrosine phosphorylation targets that were uniquely induced by recombinant RTB and inhibited following treatment with genistein; some of these proteins are associated with the downstream cascades of activated JAK-STAT and NF-κB receptors. Our data may help to identify the most important target molecules for the development of novel drug therapies.
Comparison of Bayley-2 and Bayley-3 scores at 18 months in term infants following neonatal encephalopathy and therapeutic hypothermia

Neuroprotection trials for neonatal encephalopathy use moderate or severe disability as an outcome, with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition (Bayley-2) Index scores of <70 as part of the criteria. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler, 3rd Development, Third Edition (Bayley-3) have superseded Bayley-2 and yield higher than expected scores in typically developing and high-risk infants. The aim of this study, therefore, was to compare Bayley-2 scores and Bayley-3 scores in term-born infants surviving neonatal encephalopathy treated with hypothermia.



Sixty-one term-born infants (37 males, 24 females; median gestational age at birth 40 wks, range 36-42 wks; median birthweight 3280 g, range 2295-5050) following neonatal encephalopathy and hypothermia had contemporaneous assessment at 18 months using the Bayley-2 and Bayley-3.



The median Bayley-3 Cognitive Composite score was 7 points higher than the median Bayley-2 Mental Developmental Index (MDI) score and the median Bayley-3 Motor Composite score was 18 points higher than the median Bayley-2 Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) score. Ten children had a Bayley-2 MDI of <70; only three children had Bayley-3 combined Cognitive/Language scores of <70. Eleven children had Bayley-2 PDI scores of <70 and four had modified Bayley-3 Motor Composite scores of <70. Applying regression equations to Bayley-3 scores adjusted rates of severe delay to similar proportions found using Bayley-2 scores.



Fewer children were classified with severe delay using the Bayley-3 than the Bayley-2, which prohibits direct comparison of scores. Increased Bayley-3 cut-off thresholds for classifying severe disability are recommended when comparing studies in this clinical group using Bayley-2 scores.
Design and testing PCB Rogowski-coil current sensor for high current application

This paper describes the design and testing process of low power current sensors using PCB rogowski-coil for high current application. The design and testing process of PCB rogowski-coil transducer and electronic circuit are explained in deeply analyze based on the physical structure. It also reveals the linearity and error rates of PCB rogowski-coil current sensors. Tests carried out using Current Generator with 5000A maximum output rate and the output of PCB rogowski-coil current sensor is 333mV following IEC-60044-8 standard. Finally, some measures are proposed for the performance improvement of PCB rogowski-coil current sensor to meet the requirements of protective relaying system in terms of structural design and testing standards.
Unlimited Road-scene Synthetic Annotation (URSA) Dataset

In training deep neural networks for semantic segmentation, the main limiting factor is the low amount of ground truth annotation data that is available in currently existing datasets. The limited availability of such data is due to the time cost and human effort required to accurately and consistently label real images on a pixel level. Modern sandbox video game engines provide open world environments where traffic and pedestrians behave in a pseudo-realistic manner. This caters well to the collection of a believable road-scene dataset. Utilizing open-source tools and resources found in single-player modding communities, we provide a method for persistent, ground truth, asset annotation of a game world. By collecting a synthetic dataset containing upwards of 1, 000, 000 images, we demonstrate realtime, on-demand, ground truth data annotation capability of our method. Supplementing this synthetic data to Cityscapes dataset, we show that our data generation method provides qualitative as well as quantitative improvements—for training networks—over previous methods that use video games as surrogate.
Effects of prenatal music stimulation on fetal cardiac state, newborn anthropometric measurements and vital signs of pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial.

Music has been used for medicinal purposes throughout history due to its variety of physiological, psychological and social effects.



To identify the effects of prenatal music stimulation on the vital signs of pregnant women at full term, on the modification of fetal cardiac status during a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph, and on anthropometric measurements of newborns taken after birth.



A randomized controlled trial was implemented. The four hundred and nine pregnant women coming for routine prenatal care were randomized in the third trimester to receive either music (n = 204) or no music (n = 205) during a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph. All of the pregnant women were evaluated by measuring fetal cardiac status (basal fetal heart rate and fetal reactivity), vital signs before and after a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph (maternal heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), and anthropometric measurements of the newborns were taken after birth (weight, height, head circumference and chest circumference).



The strip charts showed a significantly increased basal fetal heart rate and higher fetal reactivity, with accelerations of fetal heart rate in pregnant women with music stimulation. After the fetal monitoring cardiotocograph, a statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in women receiving music stimulation was observed.



Music can be used as a tool which improves the vital signs of pregnant women during the third trimester, and can influence the fetus by increasing fetal heart rate and fetal reactivity.
Integrating Question Classification and Deep Learning for improved Answer Selection

We present a system for Answer Selection that integrates fine-grained Question Classification with a Deep Learning model designed for Answer Selection. We detail the necessary changes to the Question Classification taxonomy and system, the creation of a new Entity Identification system and methods of highlighting entities to achieve this objective. Our experiments show that Question Classes are a strong signal to Deep Learning models for Answer Selection, and enable us to outperform the current state of the art in all variations of our experiments except one. In the best configuration, our MRR and MAP scores outperform the current state of the art by between 3 and 5 points on both versions of the TREC Answer Selection test set, a standard dataset for this task.
Mechanical Digital-To-Analog Converters

We have demonstrated a technique to create a digitalto-analog converter (DAC) from lever arms and actuator arrays. These DACs take digital electrical signals and produce mechanical displacements at the output. A 3-bit DAC with thermal actuator arrays operating on 5V signals has been demonstrated with 2 states of displacements. This DAC has a least significant bit (LSB) size of 0.74μm, an integral nonlinearity (INL) of ± 0.27LSB, and a differential nonlinearity (DNL) of ± 0.25LSB. The DAC was coupled to a hinged micro mirror to test the dynamic and transient response using a laser setup. Such devices could be used as digitally controlled actuators to drive mechanisms in micro optics, mechanical computing, and micro robotics.
Context based face spoofing detection using active near-infrared images

In this paper, with the help of controllable active near-infrared (NIR) lights, we construct near-infrared differential (NIRD) images. Based on reflection model, NIRD image is believed to contain the lighting difference between images with and without active NIR lights. Two main characteristics based on NIRD images are exploited to conduct spoofing detection. Firstly, there exist obviously spoofing media around the faces in most conditions, which reflect incident lights in almost the same way as the face areas do. We analyze the pixel consistency between face and non-face areas and employ context clues to distinguish the spoofing images. Then, lighting feature, extracted only from face areas, is utilized to detect spoofing attacks of deliberately cropped medium. Merging the two features, we present a face spoofing detection system. In several experiments on self collected datasets with different spoofing media, we demonstrate the excellent results and robustness of proposed method.
Mechanisms of action of probiotics: recent advances.

The intestinal microbiota plays a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis. In controlled clinical trials probiotic bacteria have demonstrated a benefit in treating gastrointestinal diseases, including infectious diarrhea in children, recurrent Clostridium difficile-induced infection, and some inflammatory bowel diseases. This evidence has led to the proof of principle that probiotic bacteria can be used as a therapeutic strategy to ameliorate human diseases. The precise mechanisms influencing the crosstalk between the microbe and the host remain unclear but there is growing evidence to suggest that the functioning of the immune system at both a systemic and a mucosal level can be modulated by bacteria in the gut. Recent compelling evidence has demonstrated that manipulating the microbiota can influence the host. Several new mechanisms by which probiotics exert their beneficial effects have been identified and it is now clear that significant differences exist between different probiotic bacterial species and strains; organisms need to be selected in a more rational manner to treat disease. Mechanisms contributing to altered immune function in vivo induced by probiotic bacteria may include modulation of the microbiota itself, improved barrier function with consequent reduction in immune exposure to microbiota, and direct effects of bacteria on different epithelial and immune cell types. These effects are discussed with an emphasis on those organisms that have been used to treat human inflammatory bowel diseases in controlled clinical trials.
Bar Code Medication Administration Technology: Characterization of High-Alert Medication Triggers and Clinician Workarounds.

Bar code medication administration (BCMA) technology is gaining acceptance for its ability to prevent medication administration errors. However, studies suggest that improper use of BCMA technology can yield unsatisfactory error prevention and introduction of new potential medication errors.



To evaluate the incidence of high-alert medication BCMA triggers and alert types and discuss the type of nursing and pharmacy workarounds occurring with the use of BCMA technology and the electronic medication administration record (eMAR).



Medication scanning and override reports from January 1, 2008, through November 30, 2008, for all adult medical/surgical units were retrospectively evaluated for high-alert medication system triggers, alert types, and override reason documentation. An observational study of nursing workarounds on an adult medicine step-down unit was performed and an analysis of potential pharmacy workarounds affecting BCMA and the eMAR was also conducted.



Seventeen percent of scanned medications triggered an error alert of which 55% were for high-alert medications. Insulin aspart, NPH insulin, hydromorphone, potassium chloride, and morphine were the top 5 high-alert medications that generated alert messages. Clinician override reasons for alerts were documented in only 23% of administrations. Observational studies assessing for nursing workarounds revealed a median of 3 clinician workarounds per administration. Specific nursing workarounds included a failure to scan medications/patient armband and scanning the bar code once the dosage has been removed from the unit-dose packaging. Analysis of pharmacy order entry process workarounds revealed the potential for missed doses, duplicate doses, and doses being scheduled at the wrong time.



BCMA has the potential to prevent high-alert medication errors by alerting clinicians through alert messages. Nursing and pharmacy workarounds can limit the recognition of optimal safety outcomes and therefore workflow processes must be continually analyzed and restructured to yield the intended full benefits of BCMA technology.
User Profiling - A Short Review

In Today&apos;s technology driven world user profiles are the virtual representation of each user and they include a variety of user information such as personal, interest and preference data. These profiles are the outcome of the user profiling process and they are essential to service personalization. Different methods, techniques and algorithms have been proposed in the literature for the user profiling process. This paper aims to give an overview on the user profiling and its related concepts, and discuss the pros and cons of current methods for the future service personalization. Furthermore, it also give details about the simulations which have been carried out with well known classification and clustering algorithms with real world user profile dataset. This work is based on the doctoral thesis of the author.
A DC – DC Charge Pump Design Based on Voltage Doublers

A novel organization of switched capacitor charge pump circuits based on voltage doubler structures is presented in this paper. Each voltage doubler takes a dc input and outputs a doubled dc voltage. By cascading voltage doublers the output voltage increases up to2 times. A two-phase voltage doubler and a multiphase voltage doubler (MPVD) structures are discussed and design considerations are presented. A simulator working in the – realm was used for simplified circuit level simulation. In order to evaluate the power delivered by a charge pump, a resistive load is attached to the output of the charge pump and an equivalent capacitance is evaluated. A comparison of the voltage doubler circuits with Dickson charge pump and Makowski’s voltage multiplier is presented in terms of the area requirements, the voltage gain, and the power level. This paper also identifies optimum loading conditions for different configurations of the charge pumps. Design guidelines for the desired voltage and power levels are discussed. A two-stage MPVD was fabricated using MOSIS 2.0m CMOS technology. It was designed with internal frequency regulation to reduce power consumption under no load condition.
M2AP: A Minimalist Mutual-Authentication Protocol for Low-Cost RFID Tags

Low-cost Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags affixed to consumer items as smart labels are emerging as one of the most pervasive computing technologies in history. This presents a number of advantages, but also opens a huge number of security problems that need to be addressed before its successful deployment. Many proposals have recently appeared, but all of them are based on RFID tags using classical cryptographic primitives such as Pseudorandom Number Generators (PRNGs), hash functions, or block ciphers. We believe this assumption to be fairly unrealistic, as classical cryptographic constructions lie well beyond the computational reach of very low-cost RFID tags. A new approach is necessary to tackle the problem, so we propose a minimalist lightweight mutual authentication protocol for low-cost RFID tags that offers an adequate security level for certain applications, which could be implemented even in the most limited low-cost tags as it only needs around 300 gates.
X-band substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) active antenna self-oscillating mixer (SOM)

This paper presents the design of an X-band active antenna self-oscillating down-converter mixer in substrate integrated waveguide technology (SIW). Electromagnetic analysis is used to design a SIW cavity backed patch antenna with resonance at 9.9 GHz used as the receiving antenna, and subsequently harmonic balance analysis combined with optimization techniques are used to synthesize a self-oscillating mixer with oscillating frequency of 6.525 GHz. The conversion gain is optimized for the mixing product involving the second harmonic of the oscillator and the RF input signal, generating an IF frequency of 3.15 GHz to have conversion gain in at least 600 MHz bandwidth around the IF frequency. The active antenna circuit finds application in compact receiver front-end modules as well as active self-oscillating mixer arrays.