nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (Spain) using SSR and morphological markers

Olive is one of the most ancient crop plants and the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Cordoba (WOGBC), Spain, is one of the world’s largest collections of olive germplasm. We used 33 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers and 11 morphological characteristics of the endocarp to characterise, identify and authenticate 824 trees, representing 499 accessions from 21 countries of origin, from the WOGBC collection. The SSR markers exhibited high variability and information content. Of 332 cultivars identified in this study based on unique combinations of SSR genotypes and endocarp morphologies, 200 were authenticated by genotypic and morphological markers matches with authentic control samples. We found 130 SSR genotypes that we considered as molecular variants because they showed minimal molecular differences but the same morphological profile than 48 catalogued cultivars. We reported 15 previously described and 37 new cases of synonyms as well as 26 previously described and seven new cases of homonyms. We detected several errors in accession labelling, which may have occurred at any step during establishment of plants in the collection. Nested sets of 5, 10 and 17 SSRs were proposed to progressively and efficiently identify all of the genotypes studied here. The study provides a useful protocol for the characterisation, identification and authentication of any olive germplasm bank that has facilitated the establishment of a repository of true-to-type cultivars at the WOGBC.
Effect of the probiotic Enterococcus faecium SF68 on presence of diarrhea in cats and dogs housed in an animal shelter.

Beneficial effects of probiotics have never been analyzed in an animal shelter.



Dogs and cats housed in an animal shelter and administered a probiotic are less likely to have diarrhea of ≥2 days duration than untreated controls.



Two hundred and seventeen cats and 182 dogs.



Double blinded and placebo controlled. Shelter dogs and cats were housed in 2 separate rooms for each species. For 4 weeks, animals in 1 room for each species was fed Enterococcus faecium SF68 while animals in the other room were fed a placebo. After a 1-week washout period, the treatments by room were switched and the study continued an additional 4 weeks. A standardized fecal score system was applied to feces from each animal every day by a blinded individual. Feces of animals with and without diarrhea were evaluated for enteric parasites. Data were analyzed by a generalized linear mixed model using a binomial distribution with treatment being a fixed effect and the room being a random effect.



The percentage of cats with diarrhea ≥2 days was significantly lower (P = .0297) in the probiotic group (7.4%) when compared with the placebo group (20.7%). Statistical differences between groups of dogs were not detected but diarrhea was uncommon in both groups of dogs during the study.



Cats fed SF68 had fewer episodes of diarrhea of ≥2 days when compared with controls suggests the probiotic may have beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal tract.
Comparing the effects of self-myofascial release with static stretching on ankle range-of-motion in adolescent athletes.

Increased flexibility is often desirable immediately prior to sports performance. Static stretching (SS) has historically been the main method for increasing joint range-of-motion (ROM) acutely. However, SS is associated with acute reductions in performance. Foam rolling (FR) is a form of self-myofascial release (SMR) that also increases joint ROM acutely but does not seem to reduce force production. However, FR has never previously been studied in resistance-trained athletes, in adolescents, or in individuals accustomed to SMR.



To compare the effects of SS and FR and a combination of both (FR+SS) of the plantarflexors on passive ankle dorsiflexion ROM in resistance-trained, adolescent athletes with at least six months of FR experience.



Eleven resistance-trained, adolescent athletes with at least six months of both resistance-training and FR experience were tested on three separate occasions in a randomized cross-over design. The subjects were assessed for passive ankle dorsiflexion ROM after a period of passive rest pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention and after 10, 15, and 20 minutes of passive rest. Following the pre-intervention test, the subjects randomly performed either SS, FR or FR+SS. SS and FR each comprised 3 sets of 30 seconds of the intervention with 10 seconds of inter-set rest. FR+SS comprised the protocol from the FR condition followed by the protocol from the SS condition in sequence.



A significant effect of time was found for SS, FR and FR+SS. Post hoc testing revealed increases in ROM between baseline and post-intervention by 6.2% for SS (p < 0.05) and 9.1% for FR+SS (p < 0.05) but not for FR alone. Post hoc testing did not reveal any other significant differences between baseline and any other time point for any condition. A significant effect of condition was observed immediately post-intervention. Post hoc testing revealed that FR+SS was superior to FR (p < 0.05) for increasing ROM.



FR, SS and FR+SS all lead to acute increases in flexibility and FR+SS appears to have an additive effect in comparison with FR alone. All three interventions (FR, SS and FR+SS) have time courses that lasted less than 10 minutes.
Comparative Study of ID 3 / C 4 . 5 Decision tree and Multilayer Perceptron Algorithms for the Prediction of Typhoid Fever

Data mining is an essential phase in knowledge discovery in database which is actually used to extract hidden patterns from large databases. Data mining concepts and methods can be applied in various fields like marketing, medicine, real estate, customer relationship management, engineering, web mining, etc. The main objective of this paper is to compare the performance accuracy of Multilayer perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network and ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3), C4.5 (also known as J48) Decision Trees algorithms Weka data mining software in predicting Typhoid fever. The data used is the patient’s dataset collected from a well known Nigerian Hospital. ID3, C4.5 Decision tree and MLP Artificial Neural Network WEKA Data mining software was used for the implementation. The data collected were transformed in a form that is acceptable to the data mining software and it was splitted into two sets: The training dataset and the testing dataset so that it can be imported into the system. The training set was used to enable the system to observe relationships between input data and the resulting outcomes in order to perform the prediction. The testing dataset contains data used to test the performance of the model. This model can be used by medical experts both in the private and public hospitals to make more timely and consistent diagnosis of typhoid fever cases which will reduce death rate in our country. The MLP ANN model exhibits good performance in the prediction of typhoid fever disease in general because of the low values generated in the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Relative Absolute Error (RAE) error performance measures. KeywordsID3, C4.5 , MLP, Decision Tree Artificial Neural Network, Typhoid fever African Journal of Computing & ICT Reference Format: O..O. Adeyemo, T. .O Adeyeye & D. Ogunbiyi (2015). Ccomparative Study of ID3/C4.5 Decision tree and Multilayer Perceptron Algorithms for the Prediction of Typhoid Fever. Afr J. of Comp & ICTs. Vol 8, No. 1. Pp 103-112.
Planar Substrate-Integrated Endfire Antenna With Wide Beamwidth for Q-Band Applications

According to the IEEE 802.11aj (45 GHz) standard, a millimeter-wave planar substrate-integrated endfire antenna with wide beamwidths in both <italic>E</italic>- and <italic>H</italic>-planes, and good impedance matching over 42.3–48.4 GHz is proposed for the Q-band wireless local area network (WLAN) system. The proposed antenna comprises a printed angled dipole with bilateral symmetrical directors for generating wide-angle radiation, and the beamwidth in both <italic>E</italic>- and <italic>H</italic>-planes can be easily adjusted. The antenna is prototyped using the conventional printed circuit board process with a size of 6 × 26 × 0.508 mm<sup>3</sup>, and achieves beamwidths greater than 120° in two main planes, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${S}$ </tex-math></inline-formula><sub>11</sub> of less than –12.5 dB, and peak gain of 3.67–5.2 dBi over 42.3–48.4 GHz. The measurements are in good agreement with simulations, which shows that the proposed antenna is very promising for Q-band millimeter-wave WLAN system access-point applications.
Anatomy and Biomechanics of Condylar Fractures.

Facial fractures were described as early as the seventeenth century BC in the Edwin Smith surgical papyrus. In the eighteenth century, the French surgeon Desault described the unique propensity of the mandible to fracture in the narrow subcondylar region, which is commonly observed to this day. In a recent 5-year review of the National Trauma Data Base with more than 13,000 mandible fractures, condylar and subcondylar fractures made up 14.8% and 12.6% of all fractures respectively; taken together, more than any other site alone. This study, along with others, have confirmed that most modern-age condylar fractures occur in men, and are most often caused by motor vehicle accidents, and assaults. Historically, condylar fractures were managed in a closed fashion with various forms of immobilization or maxillomandibular fixation, with largely favorable results. Although the goals of treatment are the restoration of form and function, closed treatment relies on patient adaptation to an altered anatomy, because anatomic repositioning of the proximal segment is not achieved. However, the human body has a remarkable ability to adapt, and it remains an appropriate treatment of a large number of condylar fractures, including intracapsular fractures, fractures with minimal or no displacement, almost all pediatric condylar fractures, and fractures in patients whose medical or social situations preclude other forms of treatment. With advances in the understanding of osteosynthesis and an appreciation of surgical anatomy, open
Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation.

We performed magnetic resonance imaging on sixty-seven individuals who had never had low-back pain, sciatica, or neurogenic claudication. The scans were interpreted independently by three neuro-radiologists who had no knowledge about the presence or absence of clinical symptoms in the subjects. About one-third of the subjects were found to have a substantial abnormality. Of those who were less than sixty years old, 20 per cent had a herniated nucleus pulposus and one had spinal stenosis. In the group that was sixty years old or older, the findings were abnormal on about 57 per cent of the scans: 36 per cent of the subjects had a herniated nucleus pulposus and 21 per cent had spinal stenosis. There was degeneration or bulging of a disc at at least one lumbar level in 35 per cent of the subjects between twenty and thirty-nine years old and in all but one of the sixty to eighty-year-old subjects. In view of these findings in asymptomatic subjects, we concluded that abnormalities on magnetic resonance images must be strictly correlated with age and any clinical signs and symptoms before operative treatment is contemplated.
Lateral crural strut graft: technique and clinical applications in rhinoplasty.

The lateral crural strut graft is a new, versatile technique for reshaping, repositioning, or reconstructing the lateral crura. These grafts are strips of autogenous cartilage that are sutured to the deep surface of the lateral crura. Lateral crural struts are useful in the correction of the boxy nasal tip, malpositioned lateral crura, alar rim retraction, alar rim collapse, and concave lateral crura. We describe the surgical technique and demonstrate representative results of our experience with these grafts in 118 patients.
Divergent selection and heterogeneous genomic divergence.

Levels of genetic differentiation between populations can be highly variable across the genome, with divergent selection contributing to such heterogeneous genomic divergence. For example, loci under divergent selection and those tightly physically linked to them may exhibit stronger differentiation than neutral regions with weak or no linkage to such loci. Divergent selection can also increase genome-wide neutral differentiation by reducing gene flow (e.g. by causing ecological speciation), thus promoting divergence via the stochastic effects of genetic drift. These consequences of divergent selection are being reported in recently accumulating studies that identify: (i) 'outlier loci' with higher levels of divergence than expected under neutrality, and (ii) a positive association between the degree of adaptive phenotypic divergence and levels of molecular genetic differentiation across population pairs ['isolation by adaptation' (IBA)]. The latter pattern arises because as adaptive divergence increases, gene flow is reduced (thereby promoting drift) and genetic hitchhiking increased. Here, we review and integrate these previously disconnected concepts and literatures. We find that studies generally report 5-10% of loci to be outliers. These selected regions were often dispersed across the genome, commonly exhibited replicated divergence across different population pairs, and could sometimes be associated with specific ecological variables. IBA was not infrequently observed, even at neutral loci putatively unlinked to those under divergent selection. Overall, we conclude that divergent selection makes diverse contributions to heterogeneous genomic divergence. Nonetheless, the number, size, and distribution of genomic regions affected by selection varied substantially among studies, leading us to discuss the potential role of divergent selection in the growth of regions of differentiation (i.e. genomic islands of divergence), a topic in need of future investigation.
Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness: the chronic care model, Part 2.

This article reviews research evidence showing to what extent the chronic care model can improve the management of chronic conditions (using diabetes as an example) and reduce health care costs. Thirty-two of 39 studies found that interventions based on chronic care model components improved at least 1 process or outcome measure for diabetic patients. Regarding whether chronic care model interventions can reduce costs, 18 of 27 studies concerned with 3 examples of chronic conditions (congestive heart failure, asthma, and diabetes) demonstrated reduced health care costs or lower use of health care services. Even though the chronic care model has the potential to improve care and reduce costs, several obstacles hinder its widespread adoption.
Stress Assessment While Listening to Quran Recitation

Stress and anxiety are one of the most widespread problems presently, stress treatment has been featured in many researches. The use of Quran offers a substantial help in treating stress. The purpose of this study is to examine the various aspects and perspectives of human emotions while listening to Quran Recitation. This study aims to identify and select verses that have more psychological impact than other verses and to identify the most Quran reciter that respondents believe his voice brings calmness and tranquility to their mind. Quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted. An online distributed questionnaire was sent to the academic staffs of all the Islamic faculties in the Malaysian public universities, five subjects participated in EEG experiment to identify their emotions while listening to these Quran verses. Five Quran verses and one reciter were identified, while experiment indicates that the subjects are more relieved and relaxed when listening to these Quran verses.
BAD: Blockchain Anomaly Detection

Anomaly detection tools play a role of paramount importance in protecting networks and systems from unforeseen attacks, usually by automatically recognizing and filtering out anomalous activities. Over the years, different approaches have been designed, all focused on lowering the false positive rate. However, no proposal has addressed attacks targeting blockchainbased systems. In this paper we present BAD: the first Blockchain Anomaly Detection solution. BAD leverages blockchain metadata, named forks, in order to collect potentially malicious activities in the network/system. BAD enjoys the following features: (i) it is distributed (thus avoiding any central point of failure), (ii) it is tamper-proof (making not possible for a malicious software to remove or to alter its own traces), (iii) it is trusted (any behavioral data is collected and verified by the majority of the network) and (iv) it is private (avoiding any third party to collect/analyze/store sensitive information). Our proposal is validated via both experimental results and theoretical complexity analysis, that highlight the quality and viability of our Blockchain Anomaly Detection solution.
Recognizing Humor on Twitter

In this paper, we present our work of humor recognition on Twitter, which will facilitate affect and sentimental analysis in the social network. The central question of what makes a tweet (Twitter post) humorous drives us to design humor-related features, which are derived from influential humor theories, linguistic norms, and affective dimensions. Using machine learning techniques, we are able to recognize humorous tweets with high accuracy and F-measure. More importantly, we single out features that contribute to distinguishing non-humorous tweets from humorous tweets, and humorous tweets from other short humorous texts (non-tweets). This proves that humorous tweets possess discernible characteristics that are neither found in plain tweets nor in humorous non-tweets. We believe our novel findings will inform and inspire the burgeoning field of computational humor research in the social media.
Mining and Visualizing Social Data to Inform Marketing Decisions

Most of today's commercial companies heavily rely on social media and community management tools to interact with their clients and analyze their online behaviour. Nonetheless, these tools still lack evolved data mining and visualization features to tailor the analysis in order to support useful marketing decisions. We present an original methodology that aims at formalizing the marketing need of the company and develop a tool that can support it. The methodology is derived from the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) and includes additional steps dedicated to the design and development of visualizations of mined data. We followed the methodology in two use cases with Swiss companies. First, we developed a prototype that aims at understanding the needs of tourists based on Flickr and Instagram data. In that use case, we extend the existing literature by enriching hashtags analysis methods with a semantic network based on Linked Data. Second, we analyzed internal customer data of an online discount retailer to help them define guerilla marketing measures. We report on the challenges of integrating Facebook data in the process. Informal feedback from domain experts confirms the strong potential of such advanced analytic features based on social data to inform marketing decisions.
Comparative Changes of Lipid Levels in Treatment-Naive, HIV-1-Infected Adults Treated with Dolutegravir vs. Efavirenz, Raltegravir, and Ritonavir-Boosted Darunavir-Based Regimens Over 48 Weeks

Long-term use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to treat HIV infection has been associated with dyslipidemia and metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Available options for patients at risk of cardiovascular disease include antiretroviral drugs with improved lipid profiles. Dolutegravir is one of a new generation of HIV integrase inhibitors recently incorporated into the US Department of Health and Human Services, German, Spanish, and Italian HIV treatment guidelines as a preferred first-line third agent in combination with dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) backbone therapies. To understand the lipid profile of dolutegravir in the context of combination ART, we analyzed the lipid outcomes at 48 weeks in ART-naive participants in four phase IIb-IIIb clinical trials.



Variables included in this analysis were total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL ratio, and triglycerides at baseline and week 48.



In a comparative analysis, dolutegravir demonstrated a broadly neutral effect on lipids versus efavirenz or ritonavir-boosted darunavir; in both comparisons, patients taking dolutegravir exhibited smaller increases in TC, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels. In comparison with raltegravir, dolutegravir exhibited a similar lipid profile, including small increases in TC, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels for both agents. In the pooled dolutegravir analysis, minimal increases in LDL-C and triglycerides were observed but mean values at 48 weeks remained below National Cholesterol Education Program target levels. HDL-C levels increased at 48 weeks, and the mean TC/HDL-C ratio was 0.6 at 48 weeks; these values are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.



Together, these data show that dolutegravir has a safer lipid profile in combination ART and provides an important treatment option for older patients who may have other risk factors for metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular disease.
Using the WHOQOL-DIS to measure quality of life in persons with physical disabilities caused by neurodegenerative disorders.

Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) have a major impact on quality of life (QoL) and place a substantial burden on patients, their families and carers; they are the second leading cause of disability. The objective of this study was to examine QoL in persons with ND.



A battery of subjective assessments was used, including the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life - Disability (WHOQOL-DIS). Psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS were investigated using classical psychometric methods.



Participants (n = 149) were recruited and interviewed at two specialized centers to obtain information on health and disability perceptions, depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Depression, HADS-D), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Satisfaction with Life (SWL), generic QoL (WHOQOL-BREF, WHOQOL-DIS), specific QoL (Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale, MSIS-29; Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire, PDQ-39) and sociodemographics. Internal consistency was acceptable, except for the WHOQOL-BREF social (0.67). Associations, using Pearson's and Spearman's rho correlations, were confirmed between WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS with MSIS-29, PDQ-39, HADS-D, FAS and SWL. Regarding 'known group' differences, Student's t tests showed that WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS scores significantly discriminated between depressed and nondepressed and those perceiving a more severe impact of the disability on their lives.



This study is the first to report on use of the WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-DIS in Spanish persons with ND; they are promising useful tools in assessing persons with ND through the continuum of care, as they include important dimensions commonly omitted from other QoL measures.