nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Increase in Perceived Availability of Social Support Is Associated With a Further Reduction in the Association Between Psychological Stress and Depressive Symptoms in College Students

The author discusses 3 variables that assess different aspects of social relationships—social support, social integration, and negative interaction. The author argues that all 3 are associated with health outcomes, that these variables each influence health through different mechanisms, and that associations between these variables and health are not spurious findings attributable to our personalities. This argument suggests a broader view of how to intervene in social networks to improve health. This includes facilitating both social integration and social support by creating and nurturing both close (strong) and peripheral (weak) ties within natural social networks and reducing opportunities for negative social interaction. Finally, the author emphasizes the necessity to understand more about who benefits most and least from socialconnectedness interventions.
Augmented reality-based exergames for rehabilitation

Rehabilitation for stroke afflicted patients, through exercises tailored for individual needs, aims at relearning basic motor skills, especially in the extremities. Rehabilitation through Augmented Reality (AR) based games engage and motivate patients to perform exercises which, otherwise, maybe boring and monotonic. Also, mirror therapy allows users to observe one's own movements in the game providing them with good visual feedback. This paper presents an augmented reality based system for rehabilitation by playing four interactive, cognitive and fun Exergames (exercise and gaming).
 The system uses low-cost RGB-D cameras such as Microsoft Kinect V2 to capture and generate 3D model of the person by extracting him/her from the entire captured data and immersing it in different interactive virtual environments. Animation based limb movement enhancement along with cognitive aspects incorporated in the game can help in positive reinforcement, progressive challenges and motion improvement. Recording module of the toolkit allows future reference and facilitates feedback from the physician. 10 able-bodied users, 2 psychological experts and 2 Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation physicians evaluated the user experience and usability aspects of the exergames. Results obtained shows the games to be fun and realistic, and at the same time engaging and motivating for performing exercises.
Accelerating Rendering of NURBS Surfaces by Using Hybrid Ray Tracing

In this paper we present a new method for accelerating ray tracing of scenes containing NURBS (Non Uniform Rational B-Spline) surfaces by exploiting the GPU’s fast z-buffer rasterization for regular triangle meshes. In combination with a lightweight, memory efficient data organization this allows for fast calculation of primary ray intersections using a Newton Iteration based approach executed on the CPU. Since all employed shaders are kept simple the algorithm can profit from older graphics hardware as well. We investigate two different approaches, one initiating ray-surface intersections by referencing the surface through its child-triangles. The second approach references the surface directly and additionally delivers initial guesses, required for the Newton Iteration, using graphics hardware vector interpolation capabilities. Our approaches achieve a rendering acceleration of up to 95% for primary rays compared to full CPU ray tracing without compromising image quality.
Scaling Up the Accuracy of Naive-Bayes Classifiers: A Decision-Tree Hybrid

Naive Bayes induction algorithms were previously shown to be surprisingly accurate on many classi cation tasks even when the conditional independence assumption on which they are based is violated How ever most studies were done on small databases We show that in some larger databases the accuracy of Naive Bayes does not scale up as well as decision trees We then propose a new algorithm NBTree which in duces a hybrid of decision tree classi ers and Naive Bayes classi ers the decision tree nodes contain uni variate splits as regular decision trees but the leaves contain Naive Bayesian classi ers The approach re tains the interpretability of Naive Bayes and decision trees while resulting in classi ers that frequently out perform both constituents especially in the larger databases tested
Lazy snapping

In this paper, we present Lazy Snapping, an interactive image cutout tool. Lazy Snapping separates coarse and fine scale processing, making object specification and detailed adjustment easy. Moreover, Lazy Snapping provides instant visual feedback, snapping the cutout contour to the true object boundary efficiently despite the presence of ambiguous or low contrast edges. Instant feedback is made possible by a novel image segmentation algorithm which combines graph cut with pre-computed over-segmentation. A set of intuitive user interface (UI) tools is designed and implemented to provide flexible control and editing for the users. Usability studies indicate that Lazy Snapping provides a better user experience and produces better segmentation results than the state-of-the-art interactive image cutout tool, Magnetic Lasso in Adobe Photoshop.
A Broadband Circularly Polarized Printed Monopole Antenna With Parasitic Strips

A novel printed monopole antenna is presented for circular polarization (CP) operation with broad axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth. The antenna is composed of a monopole, a ground plane, and two parasitic strips. By utilizing two spiral strips coupled by the monopole, broadband CP radiation is achieved. The measured results show the 10-dB impedance bandwidth is 2.75 GHz (1.75–4.5 GHz) and the antenna also has a 3-dB AR bandwidth of 64.7% (2.2 GHz, 2.3–4.5 GHz). The proposed antenna features simple structure and broad AR bandwidth, which is desirable for various wireless communication systems.
Cryptocash, cryptocurrencies, and cryptocontracts

One of the central challenges for mathematical cryptography is to create a payment system that provides the advantages of cash in a digital world. In this expository article we describe two very different solutions to this problem. The first is an elliptic-curve-based version of a construction of S. Brands, and the second is Bitcoin. We also discuss a generalization of Bitcoin that supports peer-to-peer contracts. AMS subject classifications. 94A60, 68P25, 14G50, 94-02.
Ultra-wideband conformal apertures with digital beamforming for UHF to millimeter-wave applications

This paper presents a reconfigurable low profile ultra-wideband (UWB) phased array, having as much as 14.1:1 instantaneous bandwidth suitable for UHF to millimeter wave applications, with unprecedented integrated digital beam-forming capability across the entire bandwidth. To realize spectrum efficiency, aperture reconfiguration is also proposed. That is, the system is tuned at the feed network rather than the aperture of the antenna by introducing switches and LC loads. Further, the proposed UWB phased array significantly reduces cost due to its novel on-site encoding for tracking individual array element signals to eliminate hardware phased shifters, a primary cost component of the phased arrays.
A parameterized cell design for high-Q, variable width and spacing spiral inductors

The on-chip planar spiral inductors having variable width (W) and spacing (S) across their turns are known to exhibit higher quality factors (Q). In this paper, we present an efficient parameterized cell (pcell) design in cadence using SKILL scripts for automatic layout generation of these complex, high-Q, variable W&S spiral inductors comprising of single ended and symmetric structures with rectangular, hexagonal, octagonal and circular spirals. Electromagnetic simulations are performed on the inductor layouts generated using the developed pcells. The constant W&S and variable W&S spiral inductor structures are fabricated in a 0.18 μm silicon on insulator process. Measurements show ~25% improvement in the quality factor of variable W%S spiral inductors compared to their constant W&S counterparts and also validates the proper operation of the developed inductor parameterized cells. The presented variable W&S inductor pcell significantly reduces the layout design time of RF circuit designers and also helps in the design automation of these complex inductor structures to boost their own performance and the RF circuits as well.
Optimal Execution of Portfolio Transactions

We consider the execution of portfolio transactions with the aim of minimizing a combination of volatility risk and transaction costs arising from permanent and temporary market impact. For a simple linear cost model, we explicitly construct the e cient frontier in the space of time-dependent liquidation strategies, which have minimum expected cost for a given level of uncertainty. This analysis yields a number we call the \half-life" of a trade, the natural time for execution in the absence of exogeneous time constraints. We also construct optimal strategies for trading through scheduled news events such as earnings announcements. We thank Andrew Alford, Alix Baudin, Mark Carhart, Ray Iwanowski, and Giorgio De Santis (Goldman Sachs Asset Management), Robert Ferstenberg (ITG), Michael Weber (Merrill Lynch), Andrew Lo (Sloan School, MIT), and George Constaninides (Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago) for helpful conversations. This paper was begun while the second author was employed at Morgan Stanley Dean Witter The University of Chicago, Department of Mathematics, 5734 S. University Ave., Chicago IL 60637;  Neil.Chriss@gs.com
The effect of spin on the flight of a baseball

Measurements are presented of the Magnus force on a spinning baseball. The experiment utilizes a pitching machine to project the baseball horizontally, a high-speed motion analysis system to determine the initial velocity and angular velocity and to track the trajectory over 5 m of flight, and a ruler to measure the total distance traversed. Speeds in the range v=50–110 mph and spin rates topspin or backspin in the range 1500–4500 rpm were utilized, corresponding to Reynolds numbers of Re= 1.1–2.4 105 and spin factors S R /v in the range 0.090–0.595. Least-squares fits were used to extract the initial parameters of the trajectory and to determine the lift coefficients. Comparison is made with previous measurements and parametrizations, and implications for the effect of spin on the flight of a baseball are discussed. The lift coefficient CL is found not to depend strongly on v at fixed values of S.
Trust-Aware Review Spam Detection

Online review systems play an important role in affecting consumers' behaviors and decision making, attracting many spammers to insert fake reviews to manipulate review content and ratings. To increase utility and improve user experience, some online review systems allow users to form social relationships between each other and encourage their interactions. In this paper, we aim at providing an efficient and effective method to identify review spammers by incorporating social relations based on two assumptions that people are more likely to consider reviews from those connected with them as trustworthy, and review spammers are less likely to maintain a large relationship network with normal users. The contributions of this paper are two-fold: (1) We elaborate how social relationships can be incorporated into review rating prediction and propose a trust-based rating prediction model using proximity as trust weight, and (2) We design a trust-aware detection model based on rating variance which iteratively calculates user-specific overall trustworthiness scores as the indicator for spamicity. Experiments on the dataset collected from Yelp.com show that the proposed trust-based prediction achieves a higher accuracy than standard CF method, and there exists a strong correlation between social relationships and the overall trustworthiness scores.
A Softwarization Architecture for UAVs and WSNs as Part of the Cloud Environment

The development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and wireless sensor network (WSN) applications depends on the availability of resources in UAVs and sensor nodes. In traditional applications, UAVs obtain the required data from specific sensors. However, this tightly coupled architecture restricts the usage of the infrastructure for specific applications. This paper proposes a softwarization architecture for UAVs and WSNs. In addition, the higher layers are proposed to be part of the cloud to benefit from the various cloud opportunities. The proposed architecture is based on the network softwarization concept and the Software Defined Networks (SDN) concept along with the Network Functional Virtualization (NFV) technologies. These concepts are associated with decoupling the hardware infrastructure from the control layer that virtualizes the infrastructure resources for the higher layers. The architecture is illustrated with an agricultural example for a cooperative system of a WSN and UAVs. We implement a prototype system that consists of a sensing node, UAV, WSN controller, UAV controller, and orchestration layer to provide a proof of concept for the proposed architecture.
A Two-bit Differentiated Services Architecture for the Internet

This document was originally submitted as an internet draft in November of 1997. As one of the documents predating the formation of the IETF’s Differentiated Services Working Group, many of the ideas presented here, in concert with Dave Clark’s subsequent presentation to the December 1997 meeting of the IETF Integrated Services Working Group, were key to the work which led to RFCs 2474 and 2475 and the section on allocation remains a timely proposal. For this reason, and to provide a reference, it is being submitted in its original form. The forwarding path portion of this document is intended as a record of where we were at in late 1997 and not as an indication of future direction. The postscript version of this document includes Clark’s slides as an appendix.
A Resource-Driven Approach for Anchoring Linguistic Resources to Conceptual Spaces

In this paper we introduce the TTCS system, so named after Terms To Conceptual Spaces, that exploits a resource-driven approach relying on BabelNet, NASARI and ConceptNet. TTCS takes in input a term and its context of usage and produces as output a specific type of vector-based semantic representation, where conceptual information is encoded through the Conceptual Spaces (a geometric framework for common-sense knowledge representation and reasoning). The system has been evaluated in a twofold experimentation. In the first case we assessed the quality of the extracted common-sense conceptual information with respect to human judgments with an online questionnaire. In the second one we compared the performances of a conceptual categorization system that was run twice, once fed with extracted annotations and once with hand-crafted annotations. In both cases the results are encouraging and provide precious insights to make substantial improvements.
Kinetostatic analysis of underactuated fingers

The aim of this paper is to establish a fundamental basis for the analysis of underactuated fingers with a general approach. A new method to obtain the force capabilities of any underactuated fingers will be presented. Force capability is defined as the ability to generate an external wrench onto a fixed object with a given set of phalanges. This method is based on the introduction of two new matrices which completely describe the relationship between the input torque of the finger actuator(s) and the contact forces on the phalanges. Using this tool, one can study the conditions under which certain phalanx forces vanish, and compare different underactuation mechanisms with a rigorous approach.
A computer vision-aided motion sensing algorithm for mobile robot's indoor navigation

This paper presents the design and analysis of a computer vision-aided motion sensing algorithm for wheeled mobile robot's indoor navigation. The algorithm is realized using two vision cameras attached on a wheeled mobile robot. The first camera is positioned at front-looking direction while the second camera is positioned at downward-looking direction. An algorithm is developed to process the images acquired from the cameras to yield the mobile robot's positions and orientations. The proposed algorithm is implemented on a wheeled mobile robot for real-world effectiveness testing. Results are compared and shown the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. At the end of the paper, an artificial landmark approach is introduced to improve the navigation efficiency. Future work involved implementing the proposed artificial landmark for indoor navigation applications with minimized accumulated errors.
Exploiting Structure in Policy Construction

Markov decision processes (MDPs) have recently been appbed to the problem of modeling decisiontheoretic planning While traditional methods for solving MDPs are often practical for small states spaces, their effectiveness for large AI planning problems is questionable We present an algorithm, called structured policy Iteration (SPI), that con­ structs optimal policies without explicit enumera­ tion of the state space The algorithm retains the fundamental computational steps of the commonly used modified policy iteration algorithm, but ex­ ploits the variable and prepositional independencies reflected in a temporal Bayesian network represen tation of MDPs The principles behind SPI can be applied to any structured representation of stochas­ tic actions, pobcies and value functions, and the algorithm itself can be used in conjunction with re­ cent approximation methods
Distributed Secret Sharing Approach With Cheater Prevention Based on QR Code

QR barcodes are used extensively due to their beneficial properties, including small tag, large data capacity, reliability, and high-speed scanning. However, the private data of the QR barcode lacks adequate security protection. In this article, we design a secret QR sharing approach to protect the private QR data with a secure and reliable distributed system. The proposed approach differs from related QR code schemes in which it uses the QR characteristics to achieve secret sharing and can resist the print-and-scan operation. The secret can be split and conveyed with QR tags in the distribution application, and the system can retrieve the lossless secret when authorized participants cooperate. General browsers can read the original data from the marked QR tag via a barcode reader, and this helps reduce the security risk of the secret. Based on our experiments, the new approach is feasible and provides content readability, cheater detectability, and an adjustable secret payload of the QR barcode.
Reading between the lines: linguistic cues to deception in online dating profiles

This study investigates whether deception in online dating profiles is detectable through a linguistic approach, which assumes that liars nonconsciously produce different word patterns than truth-tellers. We objectively measure deception in online dating profiles and analyze the linguistic composition of the open-ended component of the profile (i.e., "about me" section) using computerized text analysis. Results show that profile deceptions correlate with fewer self-references, increased negations, fewer negative emotion words and fewer overall words used in the textual self-description. Results are discussed in terms of (1) practical implications for detecting deception in online profiles; and (2) theoretical implications regarding the impact of media affordances (i.e., asynchronicity and editability) on the occurrence of linguistic cues to deception.
Persona: an online social network with user-defined privacy

Online social networks (OSNs) are immensely popular, with some claiming over 200 million users. Users share private content, such as personal information or photographs, using OSN applications. Users must trust the OSN service to protect personal information even as the OSN provider benefits from examining and sharing that information. We present Persona, an OSN where users dictate who may access their information. Persona hides user data with attribute-based encryption (ABE), allowing users to apply fine-grained policies over who may view their data. Persona provides an effective means of creating applications in which users, not the OSN, define policy over access to private data. We demonstrate new cryptographic mechanisms that enhance the general applicability of ABE. We show how Persona provides the functionality of existing online social networks with additional privacy benefits. We describe an implementation of Persona that replicates Facebook applications and show that Persona provides acceptable performance when browsing privacy-enhanced web pages, even on mobile devices.
Untangling Text Data Mining

The possibilities for data mining from large text collections are virtually untapped. Text expresses a vast, rich range of information, but encodes this information in a form that is difficult to decipher automatically. Perhaps for this reason, there has been little work in text data mining to date, and most people who have talked about it have either conflated it with information access or have not made use of text directly to discover heretofore unknown information. In this paper I will first define data mining, information access, and corpus-based computational linguistics, and then discuss the relationship of these to text data mining. The intent behind these contrasts is to draw attention to exciting new kinds of problems for computational linguists. I describe examples of what I consider to be real text data mining efforts and briefly outline recent ideas about how to pursue exploratory data analysis over text.
NAVSTAR: Global positioning system&#8212;Ten years later

With the award of one of the first multiyear procurements to be authorized by the Congress, the Department of Defense celebrates the tenth anniversary of a major Joint-Service / Agency program that promises to revolutionize the art and science of navigation. This contract, totaling 1.17 billion dollars, will result in delivery by the end of this decade of 28 satellites that are to become the heart of the NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS). This paper traces the history of this program from its inception, identifying and discussing the major technologies that made it all possible. In so doing, the concept of operations of the entire system, including the satellites, their associated ground-based control network, and the family of user equipment being developed and tested to meet the broad scope of Department of Defence positioning and navigation requirements is introduced.
The Ant System Applied to the Quadratic Assignment Problem

In recent years there has been growing interest in algorithms inspired by the observation of natural phenomena to define computational procedures which can solve complex problems. In this article we introduce a distributed heuristic algorithm which was inspired by the observation of the behavior of ant colonies and we propose its use for the Quadratic Assignment Problem. Finally the results obtained in solving some classical instances of the problem are compared with those obtained from other evolutionary heuristics to evaluate the quality of the system proposed. ^Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione, Università di Bologna, Via Sacchi 3, 47023, Cesena, Italy, EU, maniezzo@csr.unibo.it & Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133, Milano, Italy, EU, colorni@elet.polimi.it #IRIDIA, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Av. Franklin Roosevelt 50, CP 194/6, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, EU, mdorigo@ulb.ac.be