nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Tensor Spectral Approach to Learning Mixed Membership Community Models

Detecting hidden communities from observed interactions is a classical problem. Theoretical analysis of community detection has so far been mostly limited to models with non-overlapping communities such as the stochastic block model. In this paper, we provide guaranteed community detection for a family of probabilistic network models with overlapping communities, termed as the mixed membership Dirichlet model, first introduced in Airoldi et al. (2008). This model allows for nodes to have fractional memberships in multiple communities and assumes that the community memberships are drawn from a Dirichlet distribution. Moreover, it contains the stochastic block model as a special case. We propose a unified approach to learning communities in these models via a tensor spectral decomposition approach. Our estimator uses low-order moment tensor of the observed network, consisting of 3-star counts. Our learning method is based on simple linear algebraic operations such as singular value decomposition and tensor power iterations. We provide guaranteed recovery of community memberships and model parameters, and present a careful finite sample analysis of our learning method. Additionally, our results match the best known scaling requirements for the special case of the (homogeneous) stochastic block model.
The effects of the phytoestrogen genistein on the postnatal development of the rat.

The present studies report the effects on neonatal rats of oral exposure to genistein during the period from birth to postnatal day (PND) 21 to generate data for use in assessing human risk following oral ingestion of genistein. Failure to demonstrate significant exposure of the newborn pups via the mothers milk led us to subcutaneously inject genistein into the pups over the period PND 1-7, followed by daily gavage dosing to PND 21. The targeted doses throughout were 4 mg/kg/day genistein (equivalent to the average exposure of infants to total isoflavones in soy milk) and a dose 10 times higher than this (40 mg/kg genistein). The dose used during the injection phase of the experiment was based on plasma determinations of genistein and its major metabolites. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) at 10 micro g/kg was used as a positive control agent for assessment of changes in the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA). Administration of 40 mg/kg genistein increased uterus weights at day 22, advanced the mean day of vaginal opening, and induced permanent estrus in the developing female pups. Progesterone concentrations were also decreased in the mature females. There were no effects in females dosed with 4 mg/kg genistein, the predicted exposure level for infants drinking soy-based infant formulas. There were no consistent effects on male offspring at either dose level of genistein. Although genistein is estrogenic at 40 mg/kg/day, as illustrated by the effects described above, this dose does not have the same repercussions as DES in terms of the organizational effects on the SDN-POA.
Automatic Modeling of Animatable Virtual Humans - A Survey

Highly realistic virtual human models are rapidly becoming commonplace in computer graphics. These models, often represented by complex shape and requiring labor-intensive process, challenge the problem of automatic modeling. This paper studies the problem and solutions to automatic modeling of animatable virtual humans. Methods for capturing the shape of real people, parameterization techniques for modeling static shape (the variety of human body shapes) and dynamic shape (how the body shape changes as it moves) of virtual humans are classified, summarized and compared. Finally, methods for clothed virtual humans are reviewed.
Behavioral control of unmanned aerial vehicle manipulator systems

In this paper a behavioral control framework is developed to control anunmanned aerial vehicle-manipulator (UAVM) system, composed by a multirotor aerial vehicle equipped with a robotic arm. The goal is to ensure vehiclearm coordination and manage complex multi-task missions, where different behaviors must be encompassed in a clear and meaningful way. In detail, a control scheme, based on the null space-based behavioral paradigm, is proposed to hanB F. Pierri francesco.pierri@unibas.it K. Baizid khelifa.baizid@mines-douai.fr G. Giglio gerardo.giglio@unibas.it M. A. Trujillo matrujillo@catec.aero G. Antonelli antonelli@unicas.it F. Caccavale fabrizio.caccavale@unibas.it A. Viguria aviguria@catec.aero S. Chiaverini chiaverini@unicas.it A. Ollero aollero@us.es 1 Mines Douai, IA 59508 Douai, France 2 Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France 3 University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy 4 Center for Advanced Aerospace Technologies (CATEC), Seville, Spain 5 University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy 6 University of Seville, Seville, Spain dle the coordination between the arm and vehicle motion. To this aim, a set of basic functionalities (elementary behaviors) are designed and combined in a given priority order, in order to attain more complex tasks (compound behaviors). A supervisor is in charge of switching between the compound behaviors according to the mission needs and the sensory feedback. The method is validated on a real testbed, consisting of a multirotor aircraft with an attached 6 Degree of Freedoms manipulator, developed within the EU-funded project ARCAS (Aerial Robotics Cooperative Assembly System). At the the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that an UAVM system is experimentally tested in the execution of complex multi-task missions. The results show that, by properly designing a set of compound behaviors and a supervisor, vehicle-arm coordination in complex missions can be effectively managed.
That complex whole : culture and the evolution of human behavior by Lee Cronk

Lee Cronk’s book That complex whole is about a variety of different kinds of culture wars, some restricted to an academic milieu and others well-known fixtures of public discourse in the United States and beyond. Most directly, it addresses a perennial debate in cultural anthropology: how should anthropologists define human culture, its boundaries and roles in human existence? Beyond that, it looks at the disciplinary split that runs through the different sub-fields of North American anthropology, one that distinguishes researchers who define themselves as scientists from those who take a more humanistic view of anthropological goals and procedures. Finally, and most indirectly, the book offers a perspective on the arguments over cultural practises and values that periodically – or perhaps constantly – ring across Western societies. The book raises a set of important questions about the relations between evolutionary theory and cultural anthropology and is well written and accessible, so that one would expect it to be a useful text for undergraduates and the general public. Unfortunately, its treatment of anthropological theorizing about culture is weak, and creates a distorted view of the history and state of the art of this work. Such difficulties might perhaps be expected in a text written by someone outside the discipline (see for example Pinker 1997, 2002), but are less understandable when they come from the pen of an anthropologist. Cronk begins the book with an observation, and a claim. The observation is one instance of an ethnographic commonplace: people say one thing, but actually and systematically do another. The Mukogodo pastoralists in whose Kenyan communities Cronk did his fieldwork express a preference for male children over female children, but treat their daughters somewhat better than they do their sons. Examples of such contradictions can be multiplied, and Cronk cites a number of such examples, from other parts of Africa, from Asia and from the United States. Based on his research, he posits that in the Mukogodo case the favoritism shown toward daughters is an example of an evolved human tendency to favour children with the best prospects, especially in marriage, in later life. The hypothesis is an interesting and useful one. It could be – and probably is being – extended by fieldwork in other societies where similarly gender-differentiated prospects exist.
Applying Goal-Driven Autonomy to StarCraft

One of the main challenges in game AI is building agents that can intelligently react to unforeseen game situations. In real-time strategy games, players create new strategies and tactics that were not anticipated during development. In order to build agents capable of adapting to these types of events, we advocate the development of agents that reason about their goals in response to unanticipated game events. This results in a decoupling between the goal selection and goal execution logic in an agent. We present a reactive planning implementation of the Goal-Driven Autonomy conceptual model and demonstrate its application in StarCraft. Our system achieves a win rate of 73% against the builtin AI and outranks 48% of human players on a competitive ladder server.
Multiple-Objective Optimization in Naval Ship Design

This paper presents an optimization methodology that includes three important components necessary for a systematic approach to naval ship concept design. These are: • An efficient and effective search of design space for non-dominated designs • Well-defined and quantitative measures of objective attributes • An effective format to describe the design space and to present non-dominated concepts for rational selection by the customer A Multiple-Objective Genetic Optimization (MOGO) is used to search design parameter space and identify non-dominated design concepts based on life cycle cost and mission effectiveness. A nondominated frontier and selected generations of feasible designs are used to present results to the customer for selection of preferred alternatives. A naval ship design application is presented.
Reinforcement learning and Tourette syndrome.

In this chapter, we report the first experimental explorations of reinforcement learning in Tourette syndrome, realized by our team in the last few years. This report will be preceded by an introduction aimed to provide the reader with the state of the art of the knowledge concerning the neural bases of reinforcement learning at the moment of these studies and the scientific rationale beyond them. In short, reinforcement learning is learning by trial and error to maximize rewards and minimize punishments. This decision-making and learning process implicates the dopaminergic system projecting to the frontal cortex-basal ganglia circuits. A large body of evidence suggests that the dysfunction of the same neural systems is implicated in the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome. Our results show that Tourette condition, as well as the most common pharmacological treatments (dopamine antagonists), affects reinforcement learning performance in these patients. Specifically, the results suggest a deficit in negative reinforcement learning, possibly underpinned by a functional hyperdopaminergia, which could explain the persistence of tics, despite their evident inadaptive (negative) value. This idea, together with the implications of these results in Tourette therapy and the future perspectives, is discussed in Section 4 of this chapter.
Dementia: timely diagnosis and early intervention

Dementia describes a clinical syndrome that encompasses difficulties in memory, language, and behaviour that leads to impairments in activities of daily living. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common subtype of dementia, followed by vascular dementia, mixed dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies. Because the global population is rapidly ageing, dementia has become a concern worldwide; the illness places considerable burden on individuals and their families and also on health and social care provision. By 2050 an estimated 135 million people worldwide will have dementia. In 2010 the global cost of dementia care was estimated at $604bn (£396bn; €548bn) and estimated to increase to $1tr by 2030. Of all chronic diseases, dementia is one of the most important contributors to dependence and disability. 3 In the absence of a cure, a professional belief that nothing can be done has contributed to delays in diagnosis. However, increasing evidence showing that dementia may be preventable 5 has led to an international focus on earlier diagnosis and intervention. This review aims to summarise current evidence and best practice in the diagnosis and early intervention in dementia care. Why is timely diagnosis important?
Fast data in the era of big data: Twitter's real-time related query suggestion architecture

We present the architecture behind Twitter's real-time related query suggestion and spelling correction service. Although these tasks have received much attention in the web search literature, the Twitter context introduces a real-time "twist": after significant breaking news events, we aim to provide relevant results within minutes. This paper provides a case study illustrating the challenges of real-time data processing in the era of "big data". We tell the story of how our system was built twice: our first implementation was built on a typical Hadoop-based analytics stack, but was later replaced because it did not meet the latency requirements necessary to generate meaningful real-time results. The second implementation, which is the system deployed in production today, is a custom in-memory processing engine specifically designed for the task. This experience taught us that the current typical usage of Hadoop as a "big data" platform, while great for experimentation, is not well suited to low-latency processing, and points the way to future work on data analytics platforms that can handle "big" as well as "fast" data.
A Hole Filling Approach Based on Background Reconstruction for View Synthesis in 3D Video

The depth image based rendering (DIBR) plays a key role in 3D video synthesis, by which other virtual views can be generated from a 2D video and its depth map. However, in the synthesis process, the background occluded by the foreground objects might be exposed in the new view, resulting in some holes in the synthetized video. In this paper, a hole filling approach based on background reconstruction is proposed, in which the temporal correlation information in both the 2D video and its corresponding depth map are exploited to construct a background video. To construct a clean background video, the foreground objects are detected and removed. Also motion compensation is applied to make the background reconstruction model suitable for moving camera scenario. Each frame is projected to the current plane where a modified Gaussian mixture model is performed. The constructed background video is used to eliminate the holes in the synthetized video. Our experimental results have indicated that the proposed approach has better quality of the synthetized 3D video compared with the other methods.
Efficacy of an outpatient treatment for prolonged grief disorder: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Abnormal forms of grief, currently referred to as complicated grief or prolonged grief disorder, have been discussed extensively in recent years. While the diagnostic criteria are still debated, there is no doubt that prolonged grief is disabling and may require treatment. To date, few interventions have demonstrated efficacy.



We investigated whether outpatients suffering from prolonged grief disorder (PGD) benefit from a newly developed integrative cognitive behavioural therapy for prolonged grief (PG-CBT). A total of 51 patients were randomized into two groups, stratified by the type of death and their relationship to the deceased; 24 patients composed the treatment group and 27 patients composed the wait list control group (WG). Treatment consisted of 20-25 sessions. Main outcome was change in grief severity; secondary outcomes were reductions in general psychological distress and in comorbidity.



Patients on average had 2.5 comorbid diagnoses in addition to PGD. Between group effect sizes were large for the improvement of grief symptoms in treatment completers (Cohen׳s d=1.61) and in the intent-to-treat analysis (d=1.32). Comorbid depressive symptoms also improved in PG-CBT compared to WG. The completion rate was 79% in PG-CBT and 89% in WG.



The major limitations of this study were a small sample size and that PG-CBT took longer than the waiting time.



PG-CBT was found to be effective with an acceptable dropout rate. Given the number of bereaved people who suffer from PGD, the results are of high clinical relevance.
Culture-Based Creativity in the Regional Strategy of Development : Is Russia in Game ?

In the knowledge-based society, economic growth depends on the implementation of new ideas. Creative people, creative industries, and creative economies are considered as the crucial drivers of the economic prosperity and change management. This chapter analyzes regional specificity of Russia in creation and support of creativity within social and economic development, using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Impact Report, and the G20 Entrepreneurship Barometer. Using data from Inglehardt’s World Values Survey, the analysis of cultural assignments in the decision-making in Russia will continue compared to diverse European practices. It will be a valuable basis for further exploration of collision between global economic systems, demands for creativity and innovation, internal Russian institutional and societal resources for support/rejection of innovation, and culturally indoctrinated behavioral patterns of young researchers and intellectual entrepreneurs, articulated as drivers of the new economy.  Culture is one of the most discussable concepts in extant academic literature. It exists on three levels of analysis: meta, mezzo, and micro (with implications to organization, corporate and other forms of culture). There are several dimensions of culture that could be found within the academic milieu: culture and cultural differences in management, social psychology, and linguistic anthropology. On the meta-level of analysis since the 1950s, we can see the changes in perception of culture away from the objectivist framing the concept as a way life, including traits, values, and behavioral patterns (Herbig & Dunphy, 1998). The new wave of reassessment of culture came into being during the 1980s called the “cultural turn” (Jameson, 1998). It helped to develop a more flexible definition of Oxana Karnaukhova Southern Federal University, Russia
A Generic and Configurable Source-Code Instrumentation Component

A common prerequisite for a number of debugging and performanceanalysis techniques is the injection of auxiliary program code into the application under investigation, a process called instrumentation. To accomplish this task, source-code preprocessors are often used. Unfortunately, existing preprocessing tools either focus only on a very specific aspect or use hard-coded commands for instrumentation. In this paper, we examine which basic constructs are required to specify a user-defined routine entry/exit instrumentation. This analysis serves as a basis for a generic instrumentation component working on the source-code level where the instructions to be inserted can be flexibly configured. We evaluate the identified constructs with our prototypical implementation and show that these are sufficient to fulfill the needs of a number of todays’ performance-analysis tools.
High Incidence of Infraspinatus Muscle Atrophy in Elite Professional Female Tennis Players.

Isolated infraspinatus muscle atrophy is common in overhead athletes, who place significant and repetitive stresses across their dominant shoulders. Studies on volleyball and baseball players report infraspinatus atrophy in 4% to 34% of players; however, the prevalence of infraspinatus atrophy in professional tennis players has not been reported.



To investigate the incidence of isolated infraspinatus atrophy in professional tennis players and to identify any correlations with other physical examination findings, ranking performance, and concurrent shoulder injuries.



Cross-sectional study; 
A total of 125 professional female tennis players underwent a comprehensive preparticipation physical health status examination. Two orthopaedic surgeons examined the shoulders of all players and obtained digital goniometric measurements of range of motion (ROM). Infraspinatus atrophy was defined as loss of soft tissue bulk in the infraspinatus scapula fossa (and increased prominence of dorsal scapular bony anatomy) of the dominant shoulder with clear asymmetry when compared with the contralateral side. Correlations were examined between infraspinatus atrophy and concurrent shoulder disorders, clinical examination findings, ROM, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, singles tennis ranking, and age.



There were 65 players (52%) with evidence of infraspinatus atrophy in their dominant shoulders. No wasting was noted in the nondominant shoulder of any player. No statistically significant differences were seen in mean age, left- or right-hand dominance, height, weight, or body mass index for players with or without atrophy. Of the 77 players ranked in the top 100, 58% had clinical infraspinatus atrophy, compared with 40% of players ranked outside the top 100. No associations were found with static physical examination findings (scapular dyskinesis, ROM glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, postural abnormalities), concurrent shoulder disorders, or compromised performance when measured by singles ranking.



This study reports a high level of clinical infraspinatus atrophy in the dominant shoulder of elite female tennis players. Infraspinatus atrophy was associated with a higher performance ranking, and no functional deficits or associations with concurrent shoulder disorders were found. Team physicians can be reassured that infraspinatus atrophy is a common finding in high-performing tennis players and, if asymptomatic, does not appear to significantly compromise performance.
Simulation of truck congestion in Chennai port

The primary focus of this study is to understand the current port operating condition and recommend short term measures to improve traffic condition in the port of Chennai. The cause of congestion is identified based on the data collected and observation made at port gates as well as at terminal gates in Chennai port. A simulation model for the existing road layout is developed in micro-simulation software VISSIM and is calibrated to reflect the prevailing condition inside the port. The data such as truck origin/destination, hourly inflow and outflow of trucks, speed, and stopping time at checking booths are used as input. Routing data is used to direct traffic to specific terminal or dock within the port. Several alternative scenarios are developed and simulated to get results of the key performance indicators. A comparative and detailed analysis of these indicators is used to evaluate recommendations to reduce congestion inside the port.