nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Failing to forget: prospective memory commission errors can result from spontaneous retrieval and impaired executive control.

Prospective memory (PM) research typically examines the ability to remember to execute delayed intentions but often ignores the ability to forget finished intentions. We had participants perform (or not perform; control group) a PM task and then instructed them that the PM task was finished. We later (re)presented the PM cue. Approximately 25% of participants made a commission error, the erroneous repetition of a PM response following intention completion. Comparisons between the PM groups and control group suggested that commission errors occurred in the absence of preparatory monitoring. Response time analyses additionally suggested that some participants experienced fatigue across the ongoing task block, and those who did were more susceptible to making a commission error. These results supported the hypothesis that commission errors can arise from the spontaneous retrieval of finished intentions and possibly the failure to exert executive control to oppose the PM response.
Making AES great again: the forthcoming vectorized AES instruction

The introduction of the processor instructions AES-NI and VPCLMULQDQ, that are designed for speeding up encryption, and their continual performance improvements through processor generations, has significantly reduced the costs of encryption overheads. More and more applications and platforms encrypt all of their data and traffic. As an example, we note the world wide proliferation of the use of AES-GCM, with performance dropping down to 0.64 cycles per byte (from ∼ 23 before the instructions), on the latest Intel processors. This is close to the theoretically achievable performance with the existing hardware support. Anticipating future applications and increasing demand for high performance encryption, Intel has recently announced  that its future architecture (codename ”Ice Lake”) will introduce new encryption instructions. These will be able to vectorize the AES-NI and VPCLMULQDQ instructions, on wide registers that are available on the AVX512 architectures. In this paper, we explain how these new instructions can be used effectively, and how properly using them can lead to the anticipated theoretical encryption throughput of around 0.16 cycles per byte. The included examples demonstrate AES encryption in various modes of operation, AEAD such as AES-GCM, and the emerging nonce misuse resistant variant AES-GCM-SIV.
The smart city and mobility: The functional polarization of urban flow

The paper deals with the definition of urban mobility, assuming that inside the city, the flow of mobility is deeply connected with the distribution, quality and use of the urban activities that “polarize” different users (residents, commuters, tourists and city users). In this vision, ICT assume a strategic role, but the need to reconsider their role emerges in respect to the concept of a smart city. The consideration that “urban smartness” does not depend exclusively on the ICT component or on the quantitative presence of technologies in the city, in fact, represents a shared opinion within the current scientific debate on the subject of the smart city. The paper assumes that, for the present urban contexts, the smart vision has to be related to an integrated approach, which considers the city as a complex system. Inside the urban system, the networks for both material and immaterial mobility interact with the urban activities that play a supporting role and have characteristics that affect the levels of urban smartness. Changes in urban systems greatly depend on the sorts of innovation technology that have intensely modified the social component to a far greater extent than others. Big Data, for instance, can help with knowledge of urban processes, provided they have to be well-interpreted and managed, and this will be of interest within the interactions among urban systems and the functioning of the system as a whole. Town planning has to take on responsibility in regard to approaching cities according to a different vision and updating its tools in order to steer the urban system steadfastly into a smartness state. In a systemic vision, this transition must be framed within the context of a process of governmental transformation that is carefully oriented towards the individuation of interactions among the different subsystems composing the city. According to this vision, the study of urban mobility can be related to the attractiveness generated by the different urban functions. The formalization of the degree of polarization, activated by urban functions, represents the main objective of this study. Among the urban functions, the study considers tourism as one of the most significant in the formalization of urban mobility flow inside the smart city.
Percentile distributions of waist circumference for 7-19-year-old Polish children and adolescents.

The aim of the study was to develop waist circumference (WC) percentiles in Polish children and youth and to compare these with the results obtained in other countries. The study comprised a random group of 5663 Polish children aged 7-18 years. Smoothed WC percentile curves were computed using the LMS method. The curves displaying the values of the 50th (WC(50)) and the 90th (WC(90)) percentile were then compared with the results of similar studies carried out in children from the UK, Spain, Germany, Turkey, Cyprus, Canada and the USA. WC increased with age in both boys and girls and in all observed age periods the boys were seen to dominate. For 18-year-old Polish boys and girls the values of WC(90) were 86.5 and 78.2, respectively, and were lower than the current criteria developed by the International Diabetes Federation. Both WC(50) and WC(90) were higher in Polish boys and girls compared with their counterparts in the UK, Turkey and Canada and significantly lower than in children from the USA, Cyprus and Spain. The percentile curves for Polish children and youth, which were developed here for the first time, are base curves that can be applied in analysing trends as well as making comparisons with results of similar studies performed in other countries.
Interim follow-up of a randomized controlled trial comparing Chinese style mind body (Tai Chi) and stretching exercises on cognitive function in subjects at risk of progressive cognitive decline.

We reported the interim findings of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effects of a mind body physical exercise (Tai Chi) on cognitive function in Chinese subjects at risk of cognitive decline.



389 Chinese older persons with either a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR 0.5) or amnestic-MCI participated in an exercise program. The exercise intervention lasted for 1 year; 171 subjects were trained with 24 forms simplified Tai Chi (Intervention, I) and 218 were trained with stretching and toning exercise (Control, C). The exercise comprised of advised exercise sessions of at least three times per week.



At 5th months (2 months after completion of training), both I and C subjects showed an improvement in global cognitive function, delayed recall and subjective cognitive complaints (paired t-tests, p < 0.05). Improvements in visual spans and CDR sum of boxes scores were observed in I group (paired t-tests, p < 0.001). Three (2.2%) and 21(10.8%) subjects from the I and C groups progressed to dementia (Pearson chi square = 8.71, OR = 5.34, 95% CI 1.56-18.29). Logistic regression analysis controlled for baseline group differences in education and cognitive function suggested I group was associated with stable CDR (OR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.03-0.71, p = 0.02).



Our interim findings showed that Chinese style mind body (Tai Chi) exercise may offer specific benefits to cognition, potential clinical interests should be further explored with longer observation period.
Subjective Well-Being and Social Media. A Semantically Annotated Twitter Corpus on Fertility and Parenthood

English. This article describes a Twitter corpus of social media contents in the Subjective Well-Being domain. A multilayered manual annotation for exploring attitudes on fertility and parenthood has been applied. The corpus was further analysed by using sentiment and emotion lexicons in order to highlight relationships between the use of affective language and specific sub-topics in the domain. This analysis is useful to identify features for the development of an automatic tool for sentiment-related classification tasks in this domain. The gold standard is available to the community. Italiano. L’articolo descrive la creazione di un corpus tratto da Twitter sui temi del Subjective Well-Being, fertilità e genitorialità. Un’analisi lessicale ha mostrato il legame tra l’uso di linguaggio affettivo e specifiche categorie di messaggi. Questo esame è utile per se e per l’addestramento di sistemi di classificazione automatica sul dominio. Il gold standard è disponibile su
Support Vector Machines for Regression Problems with Sequential Minimal Optimization

Training a support vector machine (SVM) is usually done by ma pping the underlying optimization problem into a quadratic progr amming (QP) problem. Unfortunately, high quality QP solvers are not rea dily available, which makes research into the area of SVMs difficult for he those without a QP solver. Recently, the Sequential Minimal Optim ization algorithm (SMO) was introduced [1, 2]. SMO reduces SVM trainin g down to a series of smaller QP subproblems that have an analytical solution and, therefore, does not require a general QP solver. SMO has been shown to be very efficient for classification problems using l ear SVMs and/or sparse data sets. This work shows how SMO can be genera lized to handle regression problems.
Detection and molecular characterization of naturally transmitted sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle in India

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a fatal herpesvirus infection of domestic and wild ruminants, with a short and dramatic clinical course characterized primarily by high fever, severe depression, swollen lymph nodes, salivation, diarrhea, dermatitis, neurological disorders, and ocular lesions often leading to blindness. In the present study, fatal clinical cases of sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF) were identified in cattle in the state of Karnataka. These cases were initially presented with symptoms of diarrhea, respiratory distress, conjunctivitis, and nasal discharges. Laboratory diagnosis confirmed the detection of ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) genome in the peripheral blood samples of two ailing animals. The blood samples collected subsequently from sheep of the neighboring areas also showed presence of OvHV-2 genome indicating a nidus of infection in the region. The positive test results were further confirmed by nucleotide sequencing of the OIE approved portion of tegument gene as well as complete ORF8 region of the OvHV-2 genome. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence of the latter region indicated close genetic relationship with other OvHV-2 reported elsewhere in the world.
Generating a Fusion Image: One's Identity and Another's Shape

Generating a novel image by manipulating two input images is an interesting research problem in the study of generative adversarial networks (GANs). We propose a new GAN-based network that generates a fusion image with the identity of input image x and the shape of input image y. Our network can simultaneously train on more than two image datasets in an unsupervised manner. We define an identity loss LI to catch the identity of image x and a shape loss LS to get the shape of y. In addition, we propose a novel training method called Min-Patch training to focus the generator on crucial parts of an image, rather than its entirety. We show qualitative results on the VGG Youtube Pose dataset, Eye dataset (MPIIGaze and UnityEyes), and the Photo-Sketch-Cartoon dataset.
Interior Design and its Impact on of Employees ' Productivity in Telecom Sector , Pakistan

Naeem Akhtar MS Scholar; Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan Saqib Ali and Muhammad Salman MS Scholar; Department of Management Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Sub Campus Sahiwal, Pakistan Asad-Ur-Rehman MS Scholar; Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan Aqsa Ijaz BBA (Hons), Department of Management Sciences, University of Education Lahore (Okara Campus), Pakistan
Determinantal point process models and statistical inference

Statistical models and methods for determinantal point processes (DPPs) seem largely unexplored. We demonstrate that DPPs provide useful models for the description of repulsive spatial point processes, particularly in the ‘soft-core’ case. Such data are usually modelled by Gibbs point processes, where the likelihood and moment expressions are intractable and simulations are time consuming. We exploit the appealing probabilistic properties of DPPs to develop parametric models, where the likelihood and moment expressions can be easily evaluated and realizations can be quickly simulated. We discuss how statistical inference is conducted using the likelihood or moment properties of DPP models, and we provide freely available software for simulation and statistical inference.
Application of Single Tuned Passive Filters in Distribution Networks at the Point of Common Coupling

The harmonic distortion of voltage is important in relation to power quality due to the interaction between the large diffusion of non-linear and time-varying single-phase and three-phase loads with power supply systems. However, harmonic distortion levels can be reduced by improving the design of polluting loads or by applying arrangements and adding filters. The application of passive filters is an effective solution that can be used to achieve harmonic mitigation mainly because filters offer high efficiency, simplicity, and are economical. Additionally, possible different frequency response characteristics can work to achieve certain required harmonic filtering targets. With these ideas in mind, the objective of this paper is to determine what size single tuned passive filters work in distribution networks best, in order to economically limit violations caused at a given point of common coupling (PCC). This article suggests that a single tuned passive filter could be employed in typical industrial power systems. Furthermore, constrained optimization can be used to find the optimal sizing of the passive filter in order to reduce both harmonic voltage and harmonic currents in the power system to an acceptable level, and, thus, improve the load power factor. The optimization technique works to minimize voltage total harmonic distortions (VTHD) and current total harmonic distortions (ITHD), where maintaining a given power factor at a specified range is desired. According to the IEEE Standard 519, both indices are viewed as constraints for the optimal passive filter design problem. The performance of this technique will be discussed using numerical examples taken from previous publications.
A Review of Methods for Measuring Willingness-to-Pay

Knowledge about a product’s willingness-to-pay on behalf of its (potential) customers plays a crucial role in many areas of marketing management like pricing decisions or new product development. Numerous approaches to measure willingness-to-pay with differential conceptual foundations and methodological implications have been presented in the relevant literature so far. This article provides the reader with a systematic overview of the relevant literature on these competing approaches and associated schools of thought, recognizes their respective merits and discusses obstacles and issues regarding their adoption to measuring willingness-to-pay. Because of its practical relevance, special focus will be put on indirect surveying techniques and, in particular, conjoint-based applications will be discussed in more detail. The strengths and limitations of the individual approaches are discussed and evaluated from a managerial point of view.
Improving Nitrogen Utilization in the Rumen of the Lactating Dairy Cow 1

Ruminants make efficient use of diets that are poor in true protein content because microbes in the rumen are able to synthesize a large proportion of the animal’s required protein. The amino acid (AA) pattern of this protein is of better quality than nearly all of the dietary ingredients commonly fed to domestic ruminants (Broderick, 1994; Schwab, 1996). In addition, ruminal microbial utilization of ammonia allows the feeding of nonprotein N (NPN) compounds, such as urea, as well as the capture of recycled urea N that would otherwise be excreted in the urine. Many studies have shown that lactating dairy cows use feed crude protein (CP; N x 6.25) more efficiently than other ruminant livestock. However, dairy cows still excrete 2-3 times more N in manure than they secrete in milk, even under conditions of optimal nutrition and management. Inefficient N utilization necessitates feeding supplemental protein, increasing milk production costs and contributing to environmental N pollution. One of our major objectives in protein nutrition of lactating ruminants must be to maximize ruminal formation of this high quality microbial protein and minimize feeding of costly protein supplements under all feeding regimes.
Engineering Gene Circuits for Mammalian Cell-Based Applications.

Synthetic gene switches are basic building blocks for the construction of complex gene circuits that transform mammalian cells into useful cell-based machines for next-generation biotechnological and biomedical applications. Ligand-responsive gene switches are cellular sensors that are able to process specific signals to generate gene product responses. Their involvement in complex gene circuits results in sophisticated circuit topologies that are reminiscent of electronics and that are capable of providing engineered cells with the ability to memorize events, oscillate protein production, and perform complex information-processing tasks. Microencapsulated mammalian cells that are engineered with closed-loop gene networks can be implanted into mice to sense disease-related input signals and to process this information to produce a custom, fine-tuned therapeutic response that rebalances animal metabolism. Progress in gene circuit design, in combination with recent breakthroughs in genome engineering, may result in tailored engineered mammalian cells with great potential for future cell-based therapies.
Power supply glitch attacks: Design and evaluation of detection circuits

Techniques using modification of power supplies to attack circuits do not require strong expertise or expensive equipment. Supply voltage glitches are then a serious threat to the security of electronic devices. In this paper, mechanisms involved during such attacks are analyzed and described. It is shown that timing properties of logic gates are very sensitive to power glitches and can be used to inject faults. For this reason, detection circuits which monitor timing properties of dedicated paths are designed to detect glitch attacks. To validate these solutions, a new approach based on the study of propagation delay variation is also presented. Following this approach, the performance of detection circuits can be evaluated at design level using a standard digital design flow.
Reduce the cogging torque of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet synchronous motor for light electric vehicle applications

This paper proposes a method to reduce cogging torque of a single side Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) motor according to analysis results of finite element analysis (FEA) method. First, the main cause of generated cogging torque will be studied using three dimensional FEA method. In order to reduce the cogging torque, a dual layer magnet step skewed (DLMSS) method is proposed to determine the shape of dual layer magnets. The skewed angle of magnetic poles between these two layers is determined using equal air gap flux of inner and outer layers. Finally, a single-sided AFPM motor based on the proposed methods is built as experimental platform to verify the effectiveness of the design. Meanwhile, the differences between design and tested results will be analyzed for future research and improvement.
An improved ant algorithm with LDA-based representation for text document clustering

Document clustering can be applied in document organisation and browsing, document summarisation and classification. The identification of an appropriate representation for textual documents is extremely important for the performance of clustering or classification algorithms. Textual documents suffer from the high dimensionality and irrelevancy of text features. Besides, conventional clustering algorithms suffer from several shortcomings, such as slow convergence and sensitivity to the initial value. To tackle the problems of conventional clustering algorithms, metaheuristic algorithms are frequently applied to clustering. In this paper, an improved ant clustering algorithm is presented, where two novel heuristic methods are proposed to enhance the clustering quality of ant-based clustering. In addition, the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is used to represent textual documents in a compact and efficient way. The clustering quality of the proposed ant clustering algorithm is compared to the conventional clustering algorithms using 25 text benchmarks in terms of F-measure values. The experimental results indicate that the proposed clustering scheme outperforms the compared conventional and metaheuristic clustering methods for textual documents.
Are Dynamic Capabilities the Missing Link Between the IS Strategy and Performance Relationship?: A Model and Exploratory Test at Three Levels of Environmental Dynamism

This study examines two dynamic capabilities which are possible intervening mechanisms by which an information systems strategy relates to information systems performance. It also explores the relevance of the dynamic capabilities absorptive capacity and agility at three different levels of environmental dynamism. Responses from a sample of over 200 CIOs suggest that absorptive capacity and agility are indeed intervening mechanisms by which information systems strategy is linked to performance, particularly for innovative strategies and in environments that are highly dynamic. It suggests that pursuit of the strategy that is able to develop and maintain the highest levels of dynamic capabilities would be the one to likewise gain the most ground on performance. The findings also bring to light the fact that even in relatively stable environments, dynamic capabilities still play major roles in effectuating performance.
The Construct of the Learning Organization : Dimensions , Measurement , and Validation

This research describes efforts to develop and validate a multidimensional measure of the learning organization. An instrument was developed based on a critical review of both the conceptualization and practice of this construct. Supporting validity evidence for the instrument was obtained from several sources, including best model-data fit among alternative measurement models, nomological network among dimensions of the learning organization, and organizational performance outcomes. Acceptable reliability estimates were obtained for the seven proposed dimensions. Consequently, the instrument, Dimensions of the Learning Organization Questionnaire, was recommended for use in organizational studies.