nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Micropower Chopper-Stabilized Operational Amplifier Using a SC Notch Filter With Synchronous Integration Inside the Continuous-Time Signal Path

A micropower chopper stabilized opamp is presented. The new topology incorporates a switched capacitor filter with synchronous integration inside the continuous time signal path virtually eliminating chopping noise. A three-stage amplifier with multipath nested Miller compensation is modified to incorporate chopping of the input stage, sinc filtering to notch any chopping ripple, and a compensation scheme to maintain an undistorted high-speed signal path. Characteristics of the amplifier presented include rail to rail input and output operating on supplies of 1.8 to 5.5 V over -40degC to 125degC. Quiescent supply current is 17 muA, input offset is 3 muV, input offset drift is 0.02 muV/degC, GBW is 350 kHz, and the chopping frequency is 125 kHz. Die area is 0.7 mm2 using a precision analog mixed-signal CMOS process combining low-noise 0.6-mum analog transistors with 0.3-mum digital CMOS capability
A review of Augmented Reality and its application in context aware library system

Augmented Reality has revolutionized the way of looking at actuality. The colossal developments in this area have led to visualizations beyond desktop. Unreal objects can be augmented on real surfaces. Augmented Reality has converged the knowledge of computer vision, virtual reality, image-processing, human-to-computer interaction and more such areas. It has found applications in various expanses like Games, Entertainment, Military, Navigation and many more. One such application could be in Library Management System. Earlier systems for book tracking involved immobile computers that only had the shelf numbers nested with book id to locate a book. A borrower needed to ask the Librarian/support staff to look up the shelf number from the system so as to find a book or simply do it manually by himself by searching each shelf. The application of Augmented Reality in Library Administration is useful in automating the proximity location tracking of a book and providing alternatives to the borrower in the books context. The borrower is navigated through the library till he/she reaches the shelf where the book is kept. The spine of the book serves as the index of the required book and contextual information is augmented once the book is located. Thus Augmented Reality can prove immensely helpful for Library Administration.
Two/Too Simple Adaptations of Word2Vec for Syntax Problems

We present two simple modifications to the models in the popular Word2Vec tool, in order to generate embeddings more suited to tasks involving syntax. The main issue with the original models is the fact that they are insensitive to word order. While order independence is useful for inducing semantic representations, this leads to suboptimal results when they are used to solve syntax-based problems. We show improvements in part-ofspeech tagging and dependency parsing using our proposed models.
Out-of-order transmission enabled congestion and scheduling control for multipath TCP

With development of wireless communication technologies, mobile devices are commonly equipped with multiple network interfaces and ready to adopt emerging transport layer protocols such as multipath TCP (MPTCP). The protocol is specifically useful for Internet of Things streaming applications with critical latency and bandwidth demands. To achieve full potential of MPTCP, major challenges on congestion control, fairness, and path scheduling are identified and draw considerable research attention. In this paper, we propose a joint congestion control and scheduling algorithm allowing out-of-order transmission as an overall solution. It is achieved by adaptive window coupling, congestion discrimination, and delay-aware packet ordering. The algorithm is implemented in the Linux kernel for real-world experiments. Favorable results are obtained in both shared or distinct bottleneck scenarios.
Behaviour Analysis of Multilayer Perceptrons with Multiple Hidden Neurons and Hidden Layers

—The terms " Neural Network " (NN) and " Artificial Neural Network " (ANN) usually refer to a Multilayer Perceptron Network. It process the records one at a time, and "learn" by comparing their prediction of the record with the known actual record. The problem of model selection is considerably important for acquiring higher levels of generalization capability in supervised learning. This paper discussed behavioral analysis of different number of hidden layers and different number of hidden neurons. It's very difficult to select number of hidden layers and hidden neurons. There are different methods like Akaike's Information Criterion, Inverse test method and some traditional methods are used to find Neural Network architecture. What to do while neural network is not getting train or errors are not getting reduced. To reduce Neural Network errors, what we have to do with Neural Network architecture. These types of techniques are discussed and also discussed experiment and result. To solve different problems a neural network should be trained to perform correct classification..
A Dual-Beam Eight-Element Antenna Array With Compact CPWG Crossover Structure

In this letter, a dual-beam eight-element antenna array is proposed with compact coplanar waveguide with ground (CPWG) crossover structure. The feeding network is composed of a microstrip-line feeding network with four 90° hybrids and a CPWG feeding network with compact crossover structures. Compared to the conventional Butler matrix feeding network, the proposed network has fewer 90° hybrids and circuit is less complex. By exciting different port of the feeding network, the eight-element antenna can be excited by phase step of 22.5° or –22.5° and achieve two beams pointing at two different directions. The measured gain is 10.2 dBi, and beam directions of the two peaks are ±7° at 5.8 GHz.
Double dissociation of conditioning and declarative knowledge relative to the amygdala and hippocampus in humans.

A patient with selective bilateral damage to the amygdala did not acquire conditioned autonomic responses to visual or auditory stimuli but did acquire the declarative facts about which visual or auditory stimuli were paired with the unconditioned stimulus. By contrast, a patient with selective bilateral damage to the hippocampus failed to acquire the facts but did acquire the conditioning. Finally, a patient with bilateral damage to both amygdala and hippocampal formation acquired neither the conditioning nor the facts. These findings demonstrate a double dissociation of conditioning and declarative knowledge relative to the human amygdala and hippocampus.
Am I wasting my time organizing email?: a study of email refinding

We all spend time every day looking for information in our email, yet we know little about this refinding process. Some users expend considerable preparatory effort creating complex folder structures to promote effective refinding. However modern email clients provide alternative opportunistic methods for access, such as search and threading, that promise to reduce the need to manually prepare. To compare these different refinding strategies, we instrumented a modern email client that supports search, folders, tagging and threading. We carried out a field study of 345 long-term users who conducted over 85,000 refinding actions. Our data support opportunistic access. People who create complex folders indeed rely on these for retrieval, but these preparatory behaviors are inefficient and do not improve retrieval success. In contrast, both search and threading promote more effective finding. We present design implications: current search-based clients ignore scrolling, the most prevalent refinding behavior, and threading approaches need to be extended.
Household availability of ultra-processed foods and obesity in nineteen European countries.

To assess household availability of NOVA food groups in nineteen European countries and to analyse the association between availability of ultra-processed foods and prevalence of obesity.



Ecological, cross-sectional study.



Europe.



Estimates of ultra-processed foods calculated from national household budget surveys conducted between 1991 and 2008. Estimates of obesity prevalence obtained from national surveys undertaken near the budget survey time.



Across the nineteen countries, median average household availability amounted to 33·9 % of total purchased dietary energy for unprocessed or minimally processed foods, 20·3 % for processed culinary ingredients, 19·6 % for processed foods and 26·4 % for ultra-processed foods. The average household availability of ultra-processed foods ranged from 10·2 % in Portugal and 13·4 % in Italy to 46·2 % in Germany and 50·4 % in the UK. A significant positive association was found between national household availability of ultra-processed foods and national prevalence of obesity among adults. After adjustment for national income, prevalence of physical inactivity, prevalence of smoking, measured or self-reported prevalence of obesity, and time lag between estimates on household food availability and obesity, each percentage point increase in the household availability of ultra-processed foods resulted in an increase of 0·25 percentage points in obesity prevalence.



The study contributes to a growing literature showing that the consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with an increased risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases. Its findings reinforce the need for public policies and actions that promote consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and make ultra-processed foods less available and affordable.
Noise and the Reality Gap: The Use of Simulation in Evolutionary Robotics

The pitfalls of naive robot simulations have been recognised for areas such as evolutionary robotics. It has been suggested that carefully validated ispell slides.tex simulations with a proper treatment of noise may overcome these problems. This paper reports the results of experiments intended to test some of these claims. A simulation was constructed of a two-wheeled Khepera robot with IR and ambient light sensors. This included detailed mathematical models of the robot-environment interaction dynamics with empirically determined parameters. Artiicial evolution was used to develop recurrent dynamical network controllers for the simulated robot, for obstacle-avoidance and light-seeking tasks, using diierent levels of noise in the simulation. The evolved controllers were down-loaded onto the real robot and the correspondence between behaviour in simulation and in reality was tested. The level of correspondence varied according to how much noise was used in the simulation, with very good results achieved when realistic quantities were applied. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to develop successful robot controllers in simulation that generate almost identical behaviours in reality, at least for a particular class of robot-environment interaction dynamics.
We can learn your #hashtags: Connecting tweets to explicit topics

In Twitter, users can annotate tweets with hashtags to indicate the ongoing topics. Hashtags provide users a convenient way to categorize tweets. From the system's perspective, hashtags play an important role in tweet retrieval, event detection, topic tracking, and advertising, etc. Annotating tweets with the right hashtags can lead to a better user experience. However, two problems remain unsolved during an annotation: (1) Before the user decides to create a new hashtag, is there any way to help her/him find out whether some related hashtags have already been created and widely used? (2) Different users may have different preferences for categorizing tweets. However, few work has been done to study the personalization issue in hashtag recommendation. To address the above problems, we propose a statistical model for personalized hashtag recommendation in this paper. With millions of <;tweet, hashtag> pairs being published everyday, we are able to learn the complex mappings from tweets to hashtags with the wisdom of the crowd. Two questions are answered in the model: (1) Different from traditional item recommendation data, users and tweets in Twitter have rich auxiliary information like URLs, mentions, locations, social relations, etc. How can we incorporate these features for hashtag recommendation? (2) Different hashtags have different temporal characteristics. Hashtags related to breaking events in the physical world have strong rise-and-fall temporal pattern while some other hashtags remain stable in the system. How can we incorporate hashtag related features to serve for hashtag recommendation? With all the above factors considered, we show that our model successfully outperforms existing methods on real datasets crawled from Twitter.
The importance of rehabilitation concerning upper extremity amputees: A Systematic review

To evaluate and point out the importance of prosthetic rehabilitation of upper extremity.



A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies concerning prosthetic rehabilitation in upper extremity. The PRISMA Statement 2009 was used to establish the study and the methodological quality was assessed.



The literature search identified 620 studies. Of these 620, 9 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included for data extraction. The studies pointed out the upper limb prosthetic rehabilitation protocols consist of general exercise programme, motor tasks, phantom exercises, Muscle Training System, edema control, functional activities, signal strengthening, prosthetic education exercises, neuromuscular reeducation, virtual image and virtual reality exercises.



The current systematic literature review has shown that the prosthetic rehabilitation seems promising especially for upper extremity amputees.
The priority factor model for customer relationship management system success

As the market competition becomes keen, constructing a customer relationship management system is coming to the front for winning over new customers, developing service and products for customer satisfaction and retaining existing customers. However, decisions for CRM implementation have been hampered by inconsistency between information technology and marketing strategies, and the lack of conceptual bases necessary to develop the success measures. Using a structural equation analysis, this study explores the CRM system success model that consists of CRM initiatives: process fit, customer information quality, and system support; intrinsic success: efficiency and customer satisfaction; and extrinsic success: profitability. These constructs underlie much of the existing literature on information system success and customer satisfaction perspectives. We found the empirical support for CRM implementation decision-making from 253 respondents of 14 companies which have implemented the CRM system. These findings should be of great interest to both researchers and practitioners.
High-fidelity transmission of sensory information by single cerebellar mossy fibre boutons

Understanding the transmission of sensory information at individual synaptic connections requires knowledge of the properties of presynaptic terminals and their patterns of firing evoked by sensory stimuli. Such information has been difficult to obtain because of the small size and inaccessibility of nerve terminals in the central nervous system. Here we show, by making direct patch-clamp recordings in vivo from cerebellar mossy fibre boutons—the primary source of synaptic input to the cerebellar cortex—that sensory stimulation can produce bursts of spikes in single boutons at very high instantaneous firing frequencies (more than 700 Hz). We show that the mossy fibre–granule cell synapse exhibits high-fidelity transmission at these frequencies, indicating that the rapid burst of excitatory postsynaptic currents underlying the sensory-evoked response of granule cells can be driven by such a presynaptic spike burst. We also demonstrate that a single mossy fibre can trigger action potential bursts in granule cells in vitro when driven with in vivo firing patterns. These findings suggest that the relay from mossy fibre to granule cell can act in a ‘detonator’ fashion, such that a single presynaptic afferent may be sufficient to transmit the sensory message. This endows the cerebellar mossy fibre system with remarkable sensitivity and high fidelity in the transmission of sensory information.
Estimating 3D human shapes from measurements

Recent advances in 3D imaging technologies give rise to databases of human shapes, from which statistical shape models can be built. These statistical models represent prior knowledge of the human shape and enable us to solve shape reconstruction problems from partial information. Generating human shape from traditional anthropometric measurements is such a problem, since these 1D measurements encode 3D shape information. Combined with a statistical shape model, these easy-to-obtain measurements can be leveraged to create 3D human shapes. However, existing methods limit the creation of the shapes to the space spanned by the database and thus require a large amount of training data. In this paper, we introduce a technique that extrapolates the statistically inferred shape to fit the measurement data using non-linear optimization. This method ensures that the generated shape is both human-like and satisfies the measurement conditions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method and compare it to existing approaches through extensive experiments, using both synthetic data and real human measurements.
The Situational Humour Response Questionnaire ( SHRQ ) as a test of “ sense of humour ” : a validity study in the field of humour appreciation

The Situational Humour Response Questionnaire [SHRQ, Martin Lefcourt (1984) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 145–155] measures the propensity to smile and laugh in a variety of daily life situations. Since the SHRQ is regarded as a test of “sense of humour”, its validity in the field of humour appreciation was investigated. Two student samples (N = 105 and 101) from Indiana answered the SHRQ and rated the funniness and aversiveness of one of two sets of 35 jokes and cartoons taken from Form A and Form B of the 3-WD Humour Test [Ruch (1983) Humour Test 3-WD (Form A, B and K). Unpublished Manuscript]. Product-moment correlations between the SHRQ and humour appreciation was computed at the level of funniness and aversiveness for individual items, for humour categories as well as for total scores. Contrary to expectations, the SHRQ did not correlate with any level of 3-WD Humour Test scores suggesting that these two tests apparently tap totally different domains of humour. It may be that the SHRQ measures laughter that is only partially accompanied by the humour experience with that experience being more fully measured in the 3-WD Test. It appears that the SHRQ fails to fulfil the criterion that a test of “sense of humour” should be able to account for individual differences in humour appreciation. A hypothesis is proposed suggesting that the relationship between the SHRQ and humour appreciation might be mediated by social factors.  10.1016/0191-8869(92)90029-O Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: http://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-77454 Originally published at: Deckers, Lambert; Ruch, Willibald (1992). The Situational Humour Response Questionnaire (SHRQ) as a test of “sense of humour”: a validity study in the field of humour appreciation. Personality and Individual Differences, 13(10):1149-1152.  10.1016/0191-8869(92)90029-O This manuscript was published as: Deckers, L. & Ruch, W. (1992). The Situational Humour Response Questionnaire (SHRQ) as a test of "sense of humour": A validity study in the field of humour appreciation. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 1149-1152. THE SITUATIONAL HUMOUR RESPONSE QUESTIONNAIRE (SHRQ) AS A TEST OF "SENSE OF HUMOUR": A VALIDITY STUDY IN THE FIELD OF HUMOUR APPRECIATION. LAMBERT DECKERS 1, 2 AND WILLIBALD RUCH 2 1 Department of Psychological Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA; 2 Department of Physiological Psychology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Joint Prediction of Topics in a URL Hierarchy

We study the problem of jointly predicting topics for all web pages within URL hierarchies. We employ a graphical model in which latent variables represent the predominant topic within a subtree of the URL hierarchy. The model is built around a generative process that infers how web site administrators hierarchically structure web site according to topic, and how web page content is generated depending on the page topic. The resulting predictive model is linear in a joint feature map of content, topic labels, and the latent variables. Inference reduces to message passing in a tree-structured graph; parameter estimation is carried out using concave-convex optimization. We present a case study on web page classi cation for a targeted advertising application.
Putting value co-creation into practice: a case for advisory support

The concept of value co-creation and its notion of the customer as co-creator of value have gained much academic interest, notably in marketing and operations research. While several competing perspectives have been conceptually discussed in literature, research on the practical implications of value co-creation is scarce. Using the example of sales-oriented advisory, we show gaps between existing co-creation concepts and current practice in five problem areas. We develop four general solution perspectives on the advisor-client encounter as guidelines to overcome these gaps and discuss design requirements of their technological instantiations in advisory support systems. We present exemplary implementations of such systems in two domains: travel counseling and financial advisory. Revealing the practical implications of value co-creation on advisory encounters, these examples also demonstrate that the solution perspectives have to be implemented quite differently for individual domains.
Power Density Limits and Design Trends of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Electrical machines will always be a subcomponent in a larger system and should therefore be designed in conjunction with other major parts. Only a limited set of parameters, such as weight, size, or speed, is often relevant at a system level, but accurately determining those parameters requires performing a time-consuming detailed design of the electrical machine. This conflicts with a top down system design approach, where initially many different system topologies need to be considered. Hence, there is a need for a consistent and detailed description of the dependency of the interface parameters on machine properties. This paper proposes a method to obtain detailed design trends of electrical machines with a very high level of detail, based on large-scale application of multiobjective optimization using finite element models. The method is demonstrated by quantifying the power density of surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machines versus rotor surface speed, power level, and cooling approach. It is found that power density strongly depends on cooling approach, followed by rotor surface speed, but barely on power level. Ultimately, this paper can be used both as an example when performing a similar design study and as a reference on detailed high-level and low-level machine design trends.