nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A NEW STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ERTUGLIFLOZIN AND SITAGLIPTIN IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM ITS VALIDATION AS PER ICH GUIDELINES

A new RP-HPLC method for the quantitative determination of Ertugliflozin and Sitagliptin was developed and validated as per ICH guidelines. The drugs were injected into Std Azilent column (150×4.6, 5 μm), maintained at ambient temperature and effluent monitored at 240 nm.The mobile phase consisted of Buffer (Potassium di hydrogen Ortho Phosphate): Acetonitrile (70:30 V/V). The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 ml/min. The calibration curve for Ertugliflozin and Sitagliptin were linear from 3.75-22.5μg/ml and 25-150μg/ml respectively (r2 for Ertugliflozin = 0.9992,r2 for Sitagliptin = 0.9995). Retention time was 3.203min (Ertugliflozin), 2.106min (Sitagliptin ). Accuracy was in the range of 99.67-99.90% for both drugs. Precision was 0.1% and 0.2% for Ertugliflozin and Sitagliptin, LOD and LOQ are 0.43ug/ml and 1.31ug/ml for Ertugliflozin and , 0.74ug/ml and 2.24ug/ml for Sitagliptin. The proposed method was adequate, sensitive, reproducible, accurate and precise for the determination of Ertugliflozin and Sitagliptin in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. When applied for tablet assay, drug content was within 99.18.-99.13 % of labeled content. Forced degradation studies indicated the suitability of the method for stability studies.
Multimodal Open-Domain Conversations with the Nao Robot

In this paper we discuss the design of human-robot interaction focussing especially on social robot communication and multimodal information presentation. As a starting point we use the WikiTalk application, an open-domain conversational system which has been previously developed using a robotics simulator. We describe how it can be implemented on the Nao robot platform, enabling Nao to make informative spoken contributions on a wide range of topics during conversation. Spoken interaction is further combined with gesturing in order to support Nao’s presentation by natural multimodal capabilities, and to enhance and explore natural communication between human users and robots.
Ultra-Fine Pitch 3D Integration Using Face-to-Face Hybrid Wafer Bonding Combined with a Via-Middle Through-Silicon-Via Process

High performance 3D integration Systems need a higher interconnect density between the die than traditional μbump interconnects can offer. For ultra-fine pitches interconnect pitches below 5μm a different solution is required. This paper describes a hybrid wafer-to-wafer (W2W) bonding approach that uses Cu damascene patterned surface bonding, allowing to scale down the interconnection pitch below 5 μm, potentially even down to 1μm, depending on the achievable W2W bonding accuracy. The bonding method is referred to as hybrid bonding since the bonding of the Cu/dielectric damascene surfaces leads simultaneously to metallic and dielectric bonding. In this paper, the integration flow for 300mm hybrid wafer bonding at 3.6μm and 1.8μm pitch will be described using a novel, alternative, non-oxide Cu/dielectric damascene process. Optimization of the surface preparation before bonding will be discussed. Of particular importance is the wafer chemical-mechanical-polishing (CMP) process and the pre-bonding wafer treatment. Using proper surface activation and very low roughness dielectrics, void-free room temperature bonding can be achieved. High bonding strengths are obtained, even using low temperature anneal (250°C). The process flow also integrates the use of a 5μm diameter, 50μm deep via-middle through-silicon-vias (TSV) to connect the wafer interfaces to the external wafer backside.
Location-leaking through Network Traffic in Mobile Augmented Reality Applications

Mobile Augmented Reality (AR) applications allow the user to interact with virtual objects positioned within the real world via a smart phone, tablet or smart glasses. As the popularity of these applications grows, recent researchers have identified several security and privacy issues pertaining to the collection and storage of sensitive data from device sensors. Location-based AR applications typically not only collect user location data, but transmit it to a remote server in order to download nearby virtual content. In this paper we show that the pattern of network traffic generated by this process alone can be used to infer the user’s location. We demonstrate a side-channel attack against a widely available Mobile AR application inspired by Website Fingerprinting methods. Through the strategic placement of virtual content and prerecording of the network traffic produced by interacting with this content, we are able to identify the location of a user within the target area with an accuracy of 94%.This finding reveals a previously unexplored vulnerability in the implementation of Mobile AR applications and we offer several recommendations to mitigate this threat.
Adaptive Classification for Prediction Under a Budget

We propose a novel adaptive approximation approach for test-time resourceconstrained prediction motivated by Mobile, IoT, health, security and other applications, where constraints in the form of computation, communication, latency and feature acquisition costs arise. We learn an adaptive low-cost system by training a gating and prediction model that limits utilization of a high-cost model to hard input instances and gates easy-to-handle input instances to a low-cost model. Our method is based on adaptively approximating the high-cost model in regions where low-cost models suffice for making highly accurate predictions. We pose an empirical loss minimization problem with cost constraints to jointly train gating and prediction models. On a number of benchmark datasets our method outperforms state-of-the-art achieving higher accuracy for the same cost.
Robust Artificial Immune System in the Hopfield network for Maximum k-Satisfiability

Artificial Immune System (AIS) algorithm is a novel and vibrant computational paradigm, enthused by the biological immune system. Over the last few years, the artificial immune system has been sprouting to solve numerous computational and combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, we introduce the restricted MAX-kSAT as a constraint optimization problem that can be solved by a robust computational technique. Hence, we will implement the artificial immune system algorithm incorporated with the Hopfield neural network to solve the restricted MAX-kSAT problem. The proposed paradigm will be compared with the traditional method, Brute force search algorithm integrated with Hopfield neural network. The results demonstrate that the artificial immune system integrated with Hopfield network outperforms the conventional Hopfield network in solving restricted MAX-kSAT. All in all, the result has provided a concrete evidence of the effectiveness of our proposed paradigm to be applied in other constraint optimization problem. The work presented here has many profound implications for future studies to counter the variety of satisfiability problem.
A 1-pJ/bit, 10-Gb/s/ch Forwarded-Clock Transmitter Using a Resistive Feedback Inverter-Based Driver in 65-nm CMOS

An energy-efficient forwarded-clock transmitter that offers a scalable pre-emphasis equalization and output voltage swing is presented. A resistive-feedback inverter-based driver is used to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional drivers. Moreover, half-rate clocking structure is employed in order to minimize power consumption in 65-nm CMOS technology. The proposed transmitter consists of two data lanes, a shared clock lane, and a global impedance regulator. The prototype chip is fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology and occupies an active area of 0.15 mm2. The proposed transmitter achieves 100-250 mV single-ended swing and exhibits the energy efficiency of 1 pJ/bit at the per-pin data rate of 10 Gb/s.
Curcumin nanoparticles improve the physicochemical properties of curcumin and effectively enhance its antioxidant and antihepatoma activities.

Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenol isolated from tumeric ( Curcuma longa ), has been documented to possess antioxidant and anticancer activities. Unfortunately, the compound has poor aqueous solubility, which results in poor bioavailability following high doses by oral administration. To improve the solubility of CUR, we developed a novel curcumin nanoparticle system (CURN) and investigated its physicochemical properties as well as its enhanced dissolution mechanism. Our results indicated that CURN improved the physicochemical properties of CUR, including a reduction in particle size and the formation of an amorphous state with hydrogen bonding, both of which increased the drug release of the compound. Moreover, in vitro studies indicated that CURN significantly enhanced the antioxidant and antihepatoma activities of CUR (P < 0.05). Consequently, we suggest that CURN can be used to reduce the dosage of CUR and improve its bioavailability and merits further investigation for therapeutic applications.
UHF RFID tag for metal containers

In this paper, we describe a passive UHF RFID tag for operating on various metal surfaces, primarily metal containers. The tag is designed is designed to cover both ETSI (865–870 MHz) and US (902–928 MHz) RFID bands and to provide both normal (boresight) and edge (lateral) reading capability with the read range of up to 7 m from normal direction and up to 4 m from lateral directions when mounted on metal. We describe the antenna structure, present modeling, simulation, and experimental data, and provide information on typical applications of this tag.
A 60-GHz SiGe BiCMOS Monostatic Transceiver for FMCW Radar Applications

In this paper, a high-range 60-GHz monostatic transceiver system suitable for frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) applications is presented. The RF integrated circuit is fabricated using a 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SiGe BiCMOS technology with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{\max }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 250/340 GHz and occupies a very compact area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.42 \times 0.72$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm<sup>2</sup>. All of the internal blocks are designed fully differential with an in-phase/quadrature receiver (RX) conversion gain of 14.8 dB and −18.2 dBm of input-referred 1-dB compression point and a transmitter (TX) with 6.4 dBm of output power. The 60-GHz voltage-controlled oscillator is of a push-push type Colpitts oscillator integrated into a frequency divider with an output frequency between 910 MHz and 1 GHz with the help of 3-bit frequency tuning mechanism for external phase-locked loop operations. Between the TX and RX channels, a tunable coupler is placed to guarantee a high isolation between channels which could withstand any fabrication failures and provide a single differential antenna output. On the TX side, two power detectors are placed in order to monitor the transmitted and reflected powers on the TX channel by passing through a branch-line coupler for built-in-self-test purposes. The total current consumption of this transceiver is 156 mA at 3.3 V of single supply. Considering the successful real-time radar measurements, which the radar is able to detect the objects in more than 90-m range, it proves the suitability of this monostatic chip in high-range FMCW radar systems.
Practical Card-Based Cryptography

It is known that secure multi-party computations can be achieved using a number of black and red physical cards (with identical backs). In previous studies on such card-based cryptographic protocols, typically an ideal situation where all players are semi-honest and all cards of the same suit are indistinguishable from one another was assumed. In this paper, we consider more realistic situations where, for example, some players possibly act maliciously, or some cards possibly have scuff marks, so that they are distinguishable, and propose methods to maintain the secrecy of players’ private inputs even under such severe conditions.
Assessment of Nutrition Knowledge of Rural Mothers and Its Effectiveness in Improving Nutritional Status of Their Children

The present study was carried out in villages of Ludhiana district of Punjab state by selecting 120 mothers of children with the age group of 1-3 years. The requisite data were collected using pretested questionnaire. The cut off for malnourished children was taken as -2 SD below the reference median. The mean knowledge level of mothers was found to be maximum in the area of hygiene and sanitation (93.8%) followed by feeding practices (73.7%) and pregnancy (60.1%). The knowledge level regarding anaemia was very low (9.8%). The nutrition knowledge scores of rural mothers were significantly related to age, education, occupation, caste and family income. Maternal nutrition knowledge exerted a significant intervening affect in improving the nutritional status of their children. Awareness of mothers about the nutrition needs to be further improved with special reference to anaemia with basic nutrition and health education, awareness and proper counseling.
Using pedometers to increase physical activity and improve health: a systematic review.

Without detailed evidence of their effectiveness, pedometers have recently become popular as a tool for motivating physical activity.



To evaluate the association of pedometer use with physical activity and health outcomes among outpatient adults.



English-language articles from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Sport Discus, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, Thompson Scientific (formerly known as Thompson ISI), and ERIC (1966-2007); bibliographies of retrieved articles; and conference proceedings.



Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported an assessment of pedometer use among adult outpatients, reported a change in steps per day, and included more than 5 participants.



Two investigators independently abstracted data about the intervention; participants; number of steps per day; and presence or absence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia. Data were pooled using random-effects calculations, and meta-regression was performed.



Our searches identified 2246 citations; 26 studies with a total of 2767 participants met inclusion criteria (8 randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and 18 observational studies). The participants' mean (SD) age was 49 (9) years and 85% were women. The mean intervention duration was 18 weeks. In the RCTs, pedometer users significantly increased their physical activity by 2491 steps per day more than control participants (95% confidence interval [CI], 1098-3885 steps per day, P < .001). Among the observational studies, pedometer users significantly increased their physical activity by 2183 steps per day over baseline (95% CI, 1571-2796 steps per day, P < .0001). Overall, pedometer users increased their physical activity by 26.9% over baseline. An important predictor of increased physical activity was having a step goal such as 10,000 steps per day (P = .001). When data from all studies were combined, pedometer users significantly decreased their body mass index by 0.38 (95% CI, 0.05-0.72; P = .03). This decrease was associated with older age (P = .001) and having a step goal (P = .04). Intervention participants significantly decreased their systolic blood pressure by 3.8 mm Hg (95% CI, 1.7-5.9 mm Hg, P < .001). This decrease was associated with greater baseline systolic blood pressure (P = .009) and change in steps per day (P = .08).



The results suggest that the use of a pedometer is associated with significant increases in physical activity and significant decreases in body mass index and blood pressure. Whether these changes are durable over the long term is undetermined.
Understanding and Improving Distal Pointing Interaction

Distal pointing is the interaction style defined by directly pointing at targets from a distance. It follows a laser pointer metaphor and the position of the cursor is determined by the intersection of a vector extending the pointing device with the display surface. Distal pointing as a basic interaction style poses several challenges for the user, mainly because of the lack of precision humans have when using it. The focus of this thesis is to understand and improve distal pointing, making it a viable interaction metaphor to be used in a wide variety of applications. We achieve this by proposing and validating a predictive model of distal pointing that is inspired by Fitts’ law, but which contains some unique features. The difficulty of a distal pointing task is best described by the angular size of the target and the angular distance that the cursor needs to go across to reach the target from the input device perspective. The practical impact of this is that the user’s relative position to the target should be taken into account. Based on the model we derived, we proposed a set of design guidelines for high-precision distal pointing techniques. The main guideline from the model is that increasing the target size is much more important than reducing the distance to the target. In order to improve distal pointing, we followed the model guidelines and designed interaction techniques that aim at improving the precision of distal pointing tasks. Absolute and Relative Mapping (ARM) distal pointing increases precision by offering the user a toggle which changes the control/display (CD) ratio such that a large movement of the input device is mapped to a small movement of the cursor. Dynamic Control Display Ratio (DyCoDiR) automatically increases distal pointing precision, as the user needs it. DyCoDiR takes into account the user distance to the interaction area and the speed at which the user moves the input device to dynamically calculate an increased CD ratio, making the action more precise the steadier the user tries to be. We performed an evaluation of ARM and DyCoDiR comparing them to basic distal pointing in a realistic context. In this experiment, we also provided variations of the techniques which increased the visual perception of targets through zooming in the area around the cursor when precision was needed. Results from the study show that ARM and DyCoDiR are significantly faster and more accurate than basic distal pointing with tasks that require very high precision. We analyzed user navigation strategies and found that the high precision techniques afford users to remain stationary while performing interactions. However, we also found that individual differences have a strong impact on the decision to walk or not, and that, sometimes, is more important than the technique affordance. We provided a validation for the distal pointing model through the analysis of expected difficulty of distal pointing tasks in light of each technique tested.
Female Genital Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery :

This review studies rationale and outcome of vulvovaginal aesthetic surgery.  Discuss procedures designed to alter genital appearance and function; investigate sexual, philosophical, and ethical issues; examine outcomes.  (i) Medline search of the existing literature utilizing terms labiaplasty, clitoral hood reduction, hymenoplasty (HP), vaginoplasty (VP), perineoplasty (PP), female genital surgery, sexual satisfaction/body image, and anterior/posterior colporrhaphy; (ii) references from bibliographies of papers found through the literature search and in the author’s reading of available literature.  (i) Demographics and psychosexual dynamics of women requesting female genital plastic/cosmetic surgery; (ii) overall and sexual satisfaction of subjects undergoing these procedures.  The majority of studies regarding patient satisfaction and sexual function after vaginal aesthetic and functional plastic procedures report beneficial results, with overall patient satisfaction in the 90–95% range, sexual satisfaction over 80–85%. These data are supported by outcome data from nonelective vaginal support procedures. Complications appear minor and acceptable to patients. There are little data available regarding outcomes and satisfaction of HP, or function during the rigors of subsequent vaginal childbirth, although the literature contains no case reports of labiaplasty disruption during parturition.  Women requesting labiaplasty and reduction of their clitoral hoods do so for both cosmetic and functional (chafing, interference with coitus, interference with athletic activities, etc.) reasons, while patients requesting VP and/or PP do so in order to increase friction and sexual satisfaction, occasionally for aesthetic reasons. Patients appear generally happy with outcomes. The majority of patients undergoing genital plastic surgery report overall satisfaction and subjective enhancement of sexual function and body image, but the literature is retrospective. Female genital plastic surgery procedures appear to fulfill the majority of patient’s desires for cosmetic and functional improvement, as well as enhancement of the sexual experience. Little information is available regarding HP outcomes.  Female genital cosmetic and plastic surgery: A review.
Automatically Extracting Word Relationships as Templates for Pun Generation

Computational models can be built to capture the syntactic structures and semantic patterns of human punning riddles. This model is then used as rules by a computer to generate its own puns. This paper presents T-PEG, a system that utilizes phonetic and semantic linguistic resources to automatically extract word relationships in puns and store the knowledge in template form. Given a set of training examples, it is able to extract 69.2% usable templates, resulting in computer-generated puns that received an average score of 2.13 as compared to 2.70 for human-generated puns from user feedback.
A taxonomy for mechanical ventilation: 10 fundamental maxims.

The American Association for Respiratory Care has declared a benchmark for competency in mechanical ventilation that includes the ability to "apply to practice all ventilation modes currently available on all invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilators." This level of competency presupposes the ability to identify, classify, compare, and contrast all modes of ventilation. Unfortunately, current educational paradigms do not supply the tools to achieve such goals. To fill this gap, we expand and refine a previously described taxonomy for classifying modes of ventilation and explain how it can be understood in terms of 10 fundamental constructs of ventilator technology: (1) defining a breath, (2) defining an assisted breath, (3) specifying the means of assisting breaths based on control variables specified by the equation of motion, (4) classifying breaths in terms of how inspiration is started and stopped, (5) identifying ventilator-initiated versus patient-initiated start and stop events, (6) defining spontaneous and mandatory breaths, (7) defining breath sequences (8), combining control variables and breath sequences into ventilatory patterns, (9) describing targeting schemes, and (10) constructing a formal taxonomy for modes of ventilation composed of control variable, breath sequence, and targeting schemes. Having established the theoretical basis of the taxonomy, we demonstrate a step-by-step procedure to classify any mode on any mechanical ventilator.