nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Under-recognition of Low Blood Pressure Readings in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a recessive sex-linked hereditary disorder, is characterized by degeneration, atrophy, and weakness of skeletal and cardiac muscle. The purpose of this study was to document the prevalence of abnormally low resting BP recordings in patients with DMD in our outpatient clinic. The charts of 31 patients with DMD attending the cardiology clinic at Rush University Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures along with current medications, echocardiograms, and documented clinical appreciation and management of low blood pressure were recorded in the form of 104 outpatient clinical visits. Blood pressure (BP) was classified as low if the systolic and/or mean BP was less than the fifth percentile for height for patients aged ≤17 years (n = 23). For patients ≥18 years (n = 8), systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg or a mean arterial pressure (MAP) <60 mmHg was recorded as a low reading. Patients with other forms of myopathy or unclear diagnosis were excluded. Statistical analysis was done using PASW version 18. BP was documented at 103 (99.01 %) outpatient encounters. Low systolic and mean BP were recorded in 35 (33.7 %) encounters. This represented low recordings for 19 (61.3 %) out of a total 31 patients with two or more successive low recordings for 12 (38.7 %) patients. Thirty-one low BP encounters were in patients <18 years old. Hispanic patients accounted for 74 (71.2 %) visits and had low BP recorded in 32 (43.2 %) instances. The patients were non-ambulant in 71 (68.3 %) encounters. Out of 35 encounters with low BP, 17 patients (48.6 %) were taking heart failure medication. In instances when patients had low BP, 22 (66.7 %) out of 33 echocardiography encounters had normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Clinician comments on low BP reading were present in 11 (10.6 %) encounters, and treatment modification occurred in only 1 (1 %) patient. Age in years (p = .031) and ethnicity (p = .035) were independent predictors of low BP using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Low BP was recorded in a significant number of patient encounters in patients with DMD. Age 17 years or less and Hispanic ethnicity were significant predictors associated with low BP readings in our DMD cohort. Concomitant heart failure therapy was not a statistically significant association. There is a need for enhanced awareness of low BP in DMD patients among primary care and specialty physicians. The etiology and clinical impact of these findings are unclear but may impact escalation of heart failure therapy.
Symmetry Learning for Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learning

In this paper we explore methods to exploit symmetries for ensuring sample efficiency in reinforcement learning (RL), this problem deserves ever increasing attention with the recent advances in the use of deep networks for complex RL tasks which require large amount of training data. We introduce a novel method to detect symmetries using reward trails observed during episodic experience and prove its completeness. We also provide a framework to incorporate the discovered symmetries for functional approximation. Finally we show that the use of potential based reward shaping is especially effective for our symmetry exploitation mechanism. Experiments on various classical problems show that our method improves the learning performance significantly by utilizing symmetry information.
Modified agar-based media for culturing Phytophthora infestans

Studies were undertaken to evaluate locally available subtrates for use in a culture medium for Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary employing a protocol similar to that used for the preparation of rye A agar. Test media preparations were assessed for growth, sporulation, oospore formation, and long-term storage of P. infestans. Media prepared from grains and fresh produce available in Thailand and Asian countries such as black bean (BB), red kidney bean (RKB), black sesame (BSS), sunflower (SFW) and sweet corn supported growth and sporulation of representative isolates compared with rye A, V8 and oat meal media. Oospores were successfully formed on BB and RKB media supplemented with β-sitosterol. The BB, RKB, BSS and SFW media maintained viable fungal cultures with sporulation ability for 8 months, similar to the rye A medium. Three percent and 33% of 135 isolates failed to grow on V8 and SFW media, respectively.
Stan: Spatio- Temporal Adversarial Networks for Abnormal Event Detection

In this paper, we propose a novel abnormal event detection method with spatio-temporal adversarial networks (STAN). We devise a spatio-temporal generator which synthesizes an inter- frame by considering spatio-temporal characteristics with bidirectional ConvLSTM. A proposed spatio-temporal discriminator determines whether an input sequence is real-normal or not with 3D convolutional layers. These two networks are trained in an adversarial way to effectively encode spatio-temporal features of normal patterns. After the learning, the generator and the discriminator can be independently used as detectors, and deviations from the learned normal patterns are detected as abnormalities. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieved competitive performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods. Further, for the interpretation, we visualize the location of abnormal events detected by the proposed networks using a generator loss and discriminator gradients.
Hypernetwork Knowledge Graph Embeddings

Knowledge graphs are large graph-structured databases of facts, which typically suffer from incompleteness. Link prediction is the task of inferring missing relations (links) between entities (nodes) in a knowledge graph. We approach this task using a hypernetwork architecture to generate convolutional layer filters specific to each relation and apply those filters to the subject entity embeddings. This architecture enables a trade-off between non-linear expressiveness and the number of parameters to learn. Our model simplifies the entity and relation embedding interactions introduced by the predecessor convolutional model, while outperforming all previous approaches to link prediction across all standard link prediction datasets.
Authentication Techniques in Cloud Computing: A Review

Authentication is an important topic in cloud computing security. That is why various authentication techniques in cloud environment are presented in this paper. This process serves as a protection against different sorts of attacks where the goal is to confirm the identity of a user and the user requests services from cloud servers. Multiple authentication technologies have been put forward so far that confirm user identity before giving the permit to access resources. Each of these technologies (username and password, multi-factor authentication, mobile trusted module, public key infrastructure, single sign-on, and biometric authentication) is at first described in here. The different techniques presented will then be compared.  Cloud computing, security, authentication, access control,
Chemical composition of tomatoes depending on the stage of ripening

Tomatoes are well-known vegetables, grown and eaten around the world due to their nutritional benefits. The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition (dry matter, soluble solids, titritable acidity, vitamin C, lycopene), the taste index and maturity in three cherry tomato varieties (Sakura, Sunstream, Mathew) grown and collected from greenhouse at different stages of ripening. The output of the analyses showed that there were significant differences in the mean values among the analysed parameters according to the stage of ripening and variety. During ripening, the content of soluble solids increases on average two times in all analyzed varieties; the highest content of vitamin C and lycopene was determined in tomatoes of Sunstream variety in red stage. The highest total acidity expressed as g of citric acid 100 g was observed in pink stage (variety Sakura) or a breaker stage (varieties Sunstream and Mathew). The taste index of the variety Sakura was higher at all analyzed ripening stages in comparison with other varieties. This shows that ripening stages have a significant effect on tomato biochemical composition along with their variety.
Dealing with Packet Delay Variation in IEEE 1588 Synchronization Using a Sample-Mode Filter

In this paper, we characterize the delay profile of an Ethernet cross-traffic network statically loaded with one of the ITU-T network models and a larger Ethernet inline traffic loaded with uniformlysized packets, showing how the average time interval between consecutive minimum-delayed packets increases with increased network load. We compare three existing skew-estimation algorithms and show that the best performance is achieved by solving a linear programming problem on "de-noised" delay samples. This skew-estimation method forms the basis of a new sample-mode algorithm for packet delay variation filtering. We use numerical simulations in OPNET to illustrate the performance of the sample-mode filter in the networks. We compare the performance of the proposed PDV filter with those of the existing sample minimum, mean, and maximum filters and observe that the sample-mode filtering algorithm is able to match or outperform other types of filters, at different levels of network load.
RPI BLENDER TAC-KBP2015 System Description

To extract English name mentions, we apply a linear-chain CRFs model trained from ACE 20032005 corpora (Li et al., 2012a). For Chinese and Spanish, we use Stanford name tagger (Finkel et al., 2005). We also encode several regular expression based rules to extract poster name mentions in discussion forum posts. In this year’s task, person nominal mentions extraction is added. There are two major challenges: (1) Only person nominal mentions referring to specific, individual real-world entities need to be extracted. Therefore, a system should be able to distinguish specific and generic person nominal mentions; (2) within-document coreference resolution should be applied to clustering person nominial and name mentions. We apply heuristic rules to try to solve these two challenges: (1) We consider person nominal mentions that appear after indefinite articles (e.g., a/an) or conditional conjunctions (e.g., if ) as generic. The person nomnial mention extraction F1 score of this approach is around 46% for English training data. (2) For coreference resolution, if the closest mention of a person nominal mention is a name, then we consider they are coreferential. The accuracy of this approach is 67% using perfect mentions in English training data.
Broadband SIW-to-Waveguide Transition in Multilayer LCP Substrates at W-Band

In this letter, we present a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) to air-filled rectangular waveguide (WG) transition in multilayer liquid crystal polymer substrates at W-band. The proposed transition is achieved by using a SIW-fed linearly flared antipodal slot line inserted into a WG. To minimize packaging leakage, no guided vias are utilized in the slot line region. Full-wave simulation reveals a low insertion loss of 0.8 dB for the proposed transition at W-band. To experimentally demonstrate this design, a WG-to-SIW-to-WG transition was fabricated and characterized. The measured insertion and reflection loss of the back-to-back transition is less than 1.8 and −11 dB, respectively, at W-band.
Influence of lifestyle on overweight and obesity in school-age children.

Special attention needs to be given to resolution of obesity problem among children because many studies indicate that majority of persons that have suffered from obesity during their child age still have the same problems when they become adults. Incorrect nutritional habits cause health problems at later age. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of overweight and obesity occurrence among school-age children, as well as risk factors that certainly lead to obesity.



This research was conducted on sample of 530 pupils from one elementary school from suburban area. Assessed children were from seven to fourteen years old. Anthropometric measurements were taken and questionnaires and general medical examinations followed with the statistical processing of collected data.



Based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) considering age and gender of examined subjects we have found that 14.7% subjects were overweight and 7.3% of children were obese. Also, we have determined that children often use food that is identified as risk factor for obesity. Overweight and obesity are directly related to amount of time spent in front of TV set or personal computer (p = 0.01). Children that were overweight in 57.1% cases would prefer to change their nutritional habits and 68.4% of obese children would like to do so as well. Children that were obese, in high percent would like to change habits regarding their physical activity (57.9% of them) and overweight children in 33.8% cases.



It is necessary to encourage young people to develop healthy nutritional habits, to promote physical activity and sports, and definitely to strongly advice against the sedentary lifestyle. It is crucial to educate parents on healthy nutritional habits and physical activity because they have the strongest influence on their children. Also, effort needs to be taken in schools by increasing number of physical education classes and to provide healthy food in school canteens in order to ensure improvement of physical activity and healthy nutritional habits among children.
Dielectric-fibre surface waveguides for optical frequencies

A dielectric fibre with a refractive index higher than its surrounding region is a form of dielectric waveguide which represents a possible medium for the guided transmission of energy at optical frequencies. The particular type of dielectric-fibre waveguide discussed is one with a circular cross-section. The choice of the mode of propagation for a fibre waveguide used for communication purposes is governed by consideration of loss characteristics and information capacity. Dielectric loss, bending loss and radiation loss are discussed, and mode stability, dispersion and power handling are examined with respect to information capacity. Physicalrealisation aspects are also discussed. Experimental investigations at both optical and microwave wavelengths are included. List of principle symbols Jn = nth-order Bessel function of the first kind Kn = nth-order modified Bessel function of the second kind 271 271 B — —, phase coefficient of the waveguide Xg }'n = first derivative of Jn K ,̂ = first derivative of Kn hi = radial wavenumber or decay coefficient €,= relative permittivity k0 = free-space propagation coefficient a = radius of the fibre y = longitudinal propagation coefficient k = Boltzman's constant T = absolute temperature, K j5 c = isothermal compressibility X = wavelength n = refractive index Hj, = uth-order Hankel function of the ith type H'v = derivation of Hu v = azimuthal propagation coefficient = i^ — jv2 L = modulation period Subscript n is an integer and subscript m refers to the mth root of L = 0
Circumcision with the plastibell device a long-term follow-up

Indications for operation, immediate postoperative morbidity and complications were recorded in 43 patients circumcised with the Plastibell device. Questionnaires were used in recording late postoperative morbidity and complications during the mean observation period of 29 months, and were followed by a clinical and cosmetic assessment. No serious complications were encountered. Compared to classical dissection techniques, dysuria is a prominent feature using the Plastibell device. The Plastibell method leaves a varying amount of foreskin intact, which could well explain why meatal ulcers/stenosis are not seen when employing this method. In areas with low hygienic standards we cannot recommend the method since the ability of retaining smegma must still be present. Used on medical grounds, the method is preferable, as it leaves some of the foreskin intact and is quick and simple to perform.
Influence of architecture of high molecular weight linear and branched polyglycerols on their biocompatibility and biodistribution.

The availability of long circulating, multifunctional polymers is critical to the development of drug delivery systems and bioconjugates. The ease of synthesis and functionalization make linear polymers attractive but their rapid clearance from circulation compared to their branched or cyclic counterparts, and their high solution viscosities restrict their applications in certain settings. Herein, we report the unusual compact nature of high molecular weight (HMW) linear polyglycerols (LPGs) (LPG - 100; M(n) - 104 kg mol(-1), M(w)/M(n) - 1.15) in aqueous solutions and its impact on its solution properties, blood compatibility, cell compatibility, in vivo circulation, biodistribution and renal clearance. The properties of LPG have been compared with hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) (HPG-100), linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) with similar MWs. The hydrodynamic size and the intrinsic viscosity of LPG-100 in water were considerably lower compared to PEG. The Mark-Houwink parameter of LPG was almost 10-fold lower than that of PEG. LPG and HPG demonstrated excellent blood and cell compatibilities. Unlike LPG and HPG, HMW PEG showed dose dependent activation of blood coagulation, platelets and complement system, severe red blood cell aggregation and hemolysis, and cell toxicity. The long blood circulation of LPG-100 (t(1/2β,) 31.8 ± 4 h) was demonstrated in mice; however, it was shorter compared to HPG-100 (t(1/2β,) 39.2 ± 8 h). The shorter circulation half life of LPG-100 was correlated with its higher renal clearance and deformability. Relatively lower organ accumulation was observed for LPG-100 and HPG-100 with some influence of on the architecture of the polymers. Since LPG showed better biocompatibility profiles, longer in vivo circulation time compared to PEG and other linear drug carrier polymers, and has multiple functionalities for conjugation, makes it a potential candidate for developing long circulating multifunctional drug delivery systems similar to HPG.
Reliability Study on Copper Pillar Bumping with Lead Free Solder

With the increasing connection density of ICs, the bump pitch is growing smaller and smaller. The limitations of the conventional solder bumps are becoming more and more obvious due to the spherical geometry of the solder bumps. A novel interconnect structure - copper pillar bump with the structure of a non-reflowable copper pillar and a reflowable solder cap is one of the solutions to the problem. The scope of this paper covers flip chip assembly of the copper pillar bump soldered to lead free flip chip solder on the SAC substrate with bump pitch of 150mum. Reliability study result including high temperature storage (HTS) and temperature cycling (TC) would be detailed discussed in this paper.
Weighted color and texture sample selection for image matting

Color information is leveraged by color sampling-based matting methods to find the best known samples for foreground and background color of unknown pixels. Such methods do not perform well if there is an overlap in the color distribution of foreground and background regions because color cannot distinguish between these regions and hence, the selected samples cannot reliably estimate the matte. Similarly, alpha propagation based matting methods may fail when the affinity among neighboring pixels is reduced by strong edges. In this paper, we overcome these two problems by considering texture as a feature that can complement color to improve matting. The contribution of texture and color is automatically estimated by analyzing the content of the image. An objective function containing color and texture components is optimized to choose the best foreground and background pair among a set of candidate pairs. Experiments are carried out on a benchmark data set and an independent evaluation of the results show that the proposed method is ranked first among all other image matting methods.
A Quantum Field Theory of Neuropsychotherapy : Semantic Mind – Brain Maps and the Quantum Qualia of Consciousness

This paper proposes a new scientific integration of the classical and quantum fundamentals of neuropsychotherapy. The history, theory, research, and practice of neuropsychotherapy are reviewed and updated in light of the current STEM perspectives on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. New technology is introduced to motivate more systematic research comparing the bioelectronic amplitudes of varying states of human stress, relaxation, biofeedback, creativity, and meditation. Case studies of the neuropsychotherapy of attention span, consciousness, cognition, chirality, and dissociation along with the psychodynamics of therapeutic hypnosis and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are explored. Implications of neuropsychotheraputic research for investigating relationships between activity-dependent gene expression, brain plasticity, and the quantum qualia of consciousness and cognition are discussed. Symmetry in neuropsychotherapy is related to Noether’s theorem of nature’s conservation laws for a unified theory of physics, biology, and psychology on the quantum level. Neuropsychotheraputic theory, research, and practice is conceptualized as a common yardstick for integrating the fundamentals of physics, biology, and the psychology of consciousness, cognition, and behavior at the quantum level.
Automatic Interlinking of Music Datasets on the Semantic Web

In this paper, we describe current efforts towards interlinking music-related datasets on the Web. We first explain some initial interlinking experiences, and the poor results obtained by taking a näıve approach. We then detail a particular interlinking algorithm, taking into account both the similarities of web resources and of their neighbours. We detail the application of this algorithm in two contexts: to link a Creative Commons music dataset to an editorial one, and to link a personal music collection to corresponding web identifiers. The latter provides a user with personally meaningful entry points for exploring the web of data, and we conclude by describing some concrete tools built to generate and use such links.
Web Content Extraction by Integrating Textual and Visual Importance of Web Pages

A Web page has huge information and the information in the Web pages is useful in real world applications. The additional contents in the Web page like links, footers, headers and advertisements may cause the content extraction to be complicated. Irrelevant content in the Web page is treated as noisy content. A method is necessary to extract the informative content and discard the noisy content from Web pages. An integration of textual and visual importance is used to extract the informative content from Web pages. Initially a Web page is converted in to DOM (Document Object Model) tree. For each node in the DOM tree, textual and visual importance is calculated. Textual importance and visual importance is combined to form hybrid density. Density sum is calculated and used in content extraction algorithm to extract the informative content from Web pages. Performance of Web content extraction is obtained by calculating precision, recall, f-measure and accuracy.