nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Information and Knowledge Management in Complex Systems

s of Invited Talks Bottom-Up! Social Knowledge Sharing in DLR Ruediger Suess and Uwe Knodt DLR German Aerospace Centre, Cologne, Germany As a research organisation, the German Aerospace Centre (DLR) relies on creative and disruptive ideas to create new knowledge efficiently. But how can those new ideas be raised when you see that there is a lot of inefficiency in the knowledge flow? Three years ago Mr. Uwe Knodt started to investigate the knowledge management processes of DLR. For this purpose a new internal project “Establishing an integrated knowledge management system (EIWis)” was launched. By conducting surveys on employees’ needs concerning knowledge, he found out that the knowledge processes were not primarily driven by technology but especially by the way people react and interchange information with each other. The information technology is not the key to a successful knowledge management, but the people are. Following that, the improvement of knowledge processes can be done by bringing the right people together whether online or offline – in order to share their knowledge and develop new ideas. Whenever technology is used to enhance these knowledge processes, it has to be in a social way to improve the bottom-up knowledge flow. Mr Ruediger Suess integrated EIWis into his strategic project portfolio. He connected other strategic projects with knowledge management and reported the results directly to the board. He will show how an organized project portfolio can help to reach the strategic goals. Uwe and Ruediger will also show two examples. The first example is the DLR-Wiki, in which each employee can easily share his/her own knowledge with others inside DLR. The second example is the Knowledge Sharing Meeting, a format of collaboration workshops aiming at creating communities of experts by using a bottom-up approach with the acceptance of executive staff. An overview of the other knowledge management activities at DLR will also be given. Mr Ruediger Suess is project portfolio manager at the Corporate Strategy and Alliances division at the headquarters of DLR – the German Aerospace Center, located in Cologne /Germany. In his current function. As project portfolio manager Ruediger Suess coordinates the update of the corporate strategy at DLR and manages the portfolio of strategic projects for the implementation of the corporate strategy. Mr Uwe Knodt is Project Manager for Knowledge Management, DLR. Knowledge Management and Digital Diagrammatisation of Innovative Technical
Modeling and Control of Three-Phase Gravilty Separators in Oil Production Facilities

Oil production facilities exhibit complex and challenging dynamic behavior. A dynamic mathematical modeling study was done to address the tasks of design, control and optimization of such facilities. The focus of this paper is on the three-phase separator, where each phase's dynamics are modeled. The hydrodynamics of liquid-liquid separation are modeled based on the American Petroleum Institute design criteria. Given some simplifying assumptions, the oil and gas phases' dynamic behaviors are modeled assuming vapor-liquid phase equilibrium at the oil surface. In order to validate the developed mathematical model, an oil production facility simulation was designed and implemented based on such models. The simulation model consists of a two-phase separator followed by a three-phase separator. An upset in the oil component of the incoming oil-well stream is introduced to analyze its effect of the different process variables and produced oil quality. The simulation results demonstrate the sophistication of the model in spite of its simplicity.
Low latency sound source separation using convolutional recurrent neural networks

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been successfully employed for the problem of monaural sound source separation achieving state-of-the-art results. In this paper, we propose using convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) architecture for tackling this problem. We focus on a scenario where low algorithmic delay (< 10 ms) is paramount, and relatively little training data is available. We show that the proposed architecture can achieve slightly better performance as compared to feedforward DNNs and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. In addition to reporting separation performance metrics (i.e., source to distortion ratios), we also report extended short term objective intelligibility (ESTOI) scores which better predict intelligibility performance in presence of non-stationary interferers.
Homicidal maniacs and narcissistic parasites: stigmatization of mentally ill persons in the movies.

The portrayal of mentally ill persons in movies and television programs has an important and underestimated influence on public perceptions of their condition and care. Movie stereotypes that contribute to the stigmatization of mentally ill persons include the mental patient as rebellious free spirit, homicidal maniac, seductress, enlightened member of society, narcissistic parasite, and zoo specimen. The authors suggest that mental health professionals can fight this source of stigma by increasing their collaboration with patient advocacy groups in monitoring negative portrayals of mentally ill people, using public information campaigns such as Mental Illness Awareness Week to call attention to the process of stigmatization, and supporting accurate dramatic and documentary depictions of mental illness.
Tilt set-point correction system for balancing robot using PID controller

Balancing robot is a robot that relies on two wheels in the process of movement. Basically, to be able to remain standing balanced, the control requires an angle value to be used as tilt set-point. That angle value is a balance point of the robot itself which is the robot's center of gravity. Generally, to find the correct balance point, requires manual measurement or through trial and error, depends on the robot's mechanical design. However, when the robot is at balance state and its balance point changes because of the mechanical moving parts or bringing a payload, the robot will move towards the heaviest side and then fall. In this research, a cascade PID control system is developed for balancing robot to keep it balanced without changing the set-point even if the balance point changes. Two parameter is used as feedback for error variable, angle and distance error. When the robot is about to fall, distance taken from the starting position will be calculated and used to correct angle error so that the robot will still balance without changing the set-point but manipulating the control's error value. Based on the research that has been done, payload that can be brought by the robot is up to 350 grams.
Transfer Learning by Borrowing Examples for Multiclass Object Detection

Despite the recent trend of increasingly large datasets for object detection, there still exist many classes with few training examples. To overcome this lack of training data for certain classes, we propose a novel way of augmenting the training data for each class by borrowing and transforming examples from other classes. Our model learns which training instances from other classes to borrow and how to transform the borrowed examples so that they become more similar to instances from the target class. Our experimental results demonstrate that our new object detector, with borrowed and transformed examples, improves upon the current state-of-the-art detector on the challenging SUN09 object detection dataset.  Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Peeling the flow: a sketch-based interface to generate stream surfaces

We present a user-centric approach for stream surface generation. Given a set of densely traced streamlines over the flow field, we design a sketch-based interface that allows users to draw simple strokes directly on top of the streamline visualization result. Based on the 2D stroke, we identify a 3D seeding curve and generate a stream surface that captures the flow pattern of streamlines at the outermost layer. Then, we remove the streamlines whose patterns are covered by the stream surface. Repeating this process, users can peel the flow by replacing the streamlines with customized surfaces layer by layer. Our sketch-based interface leverages an intuitive painting metaphor which most users are familiar with. We present results using multiple data sets to show the effectiveness of our approach, and discuss the limitations and future directions.
Expert systems - design and development

What do you do to start reading expert systems design and development? Searching the book that you love to read first or find an interesting book that will make you want to read? Everybody has difference with their reason of reading a book. Actuary, reading habit must be from earlier. Many people may be love to read, but not a book. It's not fault. Someone will be bored to open the thick book with small words to read. In more, this is the real condition. So do happen probably with this expert systems design and development.
Factors influencing impulse buying during an online purchase

ii I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public.  An important element in retailing is the use of impulse purchases; generally small items that are bought by consumers on the spur of the moment. By some estimates, impulse purchases make up approximately 50 percent of all spending by consumers. While impulse purchases have been studied in the brick-and-mortar retail environment, they have not been researched in the online retail environment. With e-commerce growing rapidly and approaching $20 billion per year in the Canadian and US markets, this is an important unexplored area. Using real purchasing behaviour from visitors to the Reunion website of Huntsville High School in Ontario Canada, I explored factors that influence the likelihood of an impulse purchase in an online retail environment. Consistent with diminishing sensitivity (mental accounting and the psychophysics of pricing), the results indicate that the likelihood of a consumer purchasing the impulse item increases with the total amount spent on other items. The results also show that presenting the offer in a popup is a more effective location and presentation mode than embedding the offer into the checkout page and increases the likelihood of the consumer making an impulse purchase. In addition, the results confirm that providing a reason to purchase by linking a $1 donation for a charity to the impulse item increases the frequency of the impulse purchase. iv Acknowledgements
Hydroxycinnamic Acid Antioxidants: An Electrochemical Overview

Hydroxycinnamic acids (such as ferulic, caffeic, sinapic, and p-coumaric acids) are a group of compounds highly abundant in food that may account for about one-third of the phenolic compounds in our diet. Hydroxycinnamic acids have gained an increasing interest in health because they are known to be potent antioxidants. These compounds have been described as chain-breaking antioxidants acting through radical scavenging activity, that is related to their hydrogen or electron donating capacity and to the ability to delocalize/stabilize the resulting phenoxyl radical within their structure. The free radical scavenger ability of antioxidants can be predicted from standard one-electron potentials. Thus, voltammetric methods have often been applied to characterize a diversity of natural and synthetic antioxidants essentially to get an insight into their mechanism and also as an important tool for the rational design of new and potent antioxidants. The structure-property-activity relationships (SPARs) correlations already established for this type of compounds suggest that redox potentials could be considered a good measure of antioxidant activity and an accurate guideline on the drug discovery and development process. Due to its magnitude in the antioxidant field, the electrochemistry of hydroxycinnamic acid-based antioxidants is reviewed highlighting the structure-property-activity relationships (SPARs) obtained so far.
Applications of Malliavin calculus to Monte Carlo methods in finance

This paper presents an original probabilistic method for the numerical computations of Greeks (i.e. price sensitivities) in finance. Our approach is based on theintegration-by-partsformula, which lies at the core of the theory of variational stochastic calculus, as developed in the Malliavin calculus. The Greeks formulae, both with respect to initial conditions and for smooth perturbations of the local volatility, are provided for general discontinuous path-dependent payoff functionals of multidimensional diffusion processes. We illustrate the results by applying the formula to exotic European options in the framework of the Black and Scholes model. Our method is compared to the Monte Carlo finite difference approach and turns out to be very efficient in the case of discontinuous payoff functionals.
Geometric and mathematical proportions and their relations to maxillary anterior teeth.

One of the critical aspects of esthetic dentistry is creating geometric or mathematical proportions to relate the successive widths of the anterior teeth. The golden proportion, the recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion, and the golden percentage are theories introduced in this field. The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of the golden proportion, RED proportion, and the golden percentage between the widths of the maxillary anterior teeth in individuals with natural dentition.



Standardized frontal images of 376 dental student smiles were captured. The images were transferred to a personal computer, the widths of the maxillary anterior teeth were measured, and calculations were made according to each of the above mentioned theories. The data were statistically analyzed using paired student T-test (level of significance P<0.05).



The golden proportion was found to be accurate between the width of the right central and lateral incisors in 31.3% of men and 27.1% of women. The values of the RED proportion were not constant, and the farther the one moves distally from the midline the higher the values. Furthermore, the results revealed the golden percentage was rather constant in terms of relative tooth width. The width of the central incisor represents 23%, the lateral incisor 15%, and the canine 12% of the width of the six maxillary anterior teeth as viewed from the front.



Both the golden proportion and the RED proportion are unsuitable methods to relate the successive widths of the maxillary anterior teeth. However, the golden percentage theory seems to be applicable to relate the successive widths of the maxillary anterior teeth if percentages are adjusted taking into consideration the ethnicity of the population.
A multivariate analysis of 416 patients with glioblastoma multiforme: prognosis, extent of resection, and survival.

OBJECT
The extent of tumor resection that should be undertaken in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to identify significant independent predictors of survival in these patients and to determine whether the extent of resection was associated with increased survival time.



The authors retrospectively analyzed 416 consecutive patients with histologically proven GBM who underwent tumor resection at the authors' institution between June 1993 and June 1999. Volumetric data and other tumor characteristics identified on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were collected prospectively.



Five independent predictors of survival were identified: age, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score, extent of resection, and the degree of necrosis and enhancement on preoperative MR imaging studies. A significant survival advantage was associated with resection of 98% or more of the tumor volume (median survival 13 months, 95% confidence interval [CI] 11.4-14.6 months), compared with 8.8 months (95% CI 7.4-10.2 months; p < 0.0001) for resections of less than 98%. Using an outcome scale ranging from 0 to 5 based on age, KPS score, and tumor necrosis on MR imaging, we observed significantly longer survival in patients with lower scores (1-3) who underwent aggressive resections, and a trend toward slightly longer survival was found in patients with higher scores (4-5). Gross-total tumor resection is associated with longer survival in patients with GBM, especially when other predictive variables are favorable.
Implementation and performance analysis of SDN firewall on POX controller

Software Defined Network (SDN) is a revolutionary networking paradigm system in which network control plane is separated from data plane and assigned to a devoted software program called controller running at a control layer. SDN makes networks wholly controlled through software applications and gives a hope to change the limitations of current networks infrastructures. Since the emergence of SDN, it has introduced a radical change in network architecture which simplified the control of networks, but on the other hand many challenges have arisen. One of the fundamental issues which exposed due to the new architecture of SDN is the security risks. Network firewall is an essential component for securing traffic by enforcing security policies. This study aims to implement some firewall functionalities on SDN through writing some firewall applications that run on the top of the SDN POX controller. The firewall application which is working at layer2, layer3 and layer4 capable of detecting the traffic and enforcing specified rules. Our firewall filters packets based on their headers and matches them against the predefined policies. If there is matching found, the packet is blocked otherwise it is forwarded. We have selected POX a python-based SDN controller and Open vSwitch for the experiment. To create the SDN network topology, we have used VirtualBox and Mininet. Wireshark and Iperf have been used to analyze the performance of firewall module. In this study, we cover the implementation details of firewall application, experimentation result as well as providing a performance analysis of the firewall module.
Are Nouns Learned Before Verbs? Infants Provide Insight into a Longstanding Debate.

For decades, a spirited debate has existed over whether infants' remarkable capacity to learn words is shaped primarily by universal features of human language or by specific featuers of the particulare native language they are acquiring. A strong focus for this debate has been a well-documented difference in early word learning: Infants' success in learning verbs lags behind their success in learning nouns.. In this review, we articulate both sides of the debate and summarize new cross-linguistic evidence from infants that underscores the role of universal features and begins to clarify the impact of distinctly different languages on early language and conceptual development.
A Mnemonic for Pharmacists to Ensure Optimal Monitoring and Safety of Total Parenteral Nutrition: I AM FULL.

To present a guideline-derived mnemonic that provides a systematic monitoring process to increase pharmacists' confidence in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) monitoring and improve safety and efficacy of TPN use.



The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) guidelines were reviewed. Additional resources included a literature search of PubMed (1980 to May 2016) using the search terms: total parenteral nutrition, mnemonic, indications, allergy, macronutrients, micronutrients, fluid, comorbidities, labs, peripheral line, and central line. Articles (English-language only) were evaluated for content, and additional references were identified from a review of literature citations.



All English-language observational studies, review articles, meta-analyses, guidelines, and randomized trials assessing monitoring parameters of TPN were evaluated.



The ASPEN guidelines were referenced to develop key components of the mnemonic. Review articles, observational trials, meta-analyses, and randomized trials were reviewed in cases where guidelines did not adequately address these components.



A guideline-derived mnemonic was developed to systematically and safely manage TPN therapy. The mnemonic combines 7 essential components of TPN use and monitoring: Indications, Allergies, Macro/Micro nutrients,  Underlying comorbidities, Labs, and Line type.
DIVISIBILITY PROPERTIES OF GENERALIZED FIBONACCI POLYNOMIALS

As one would expect, these polynomials possess many properties of the Fibonacci sequence which, of course, is just the integral sequence {f (1)}. However, a most surprising result is that f (x) is irreducible over the ring of integers if and only if p is a prime. In contrast, for the Fibonacci sequence, the condition that n be a prime is necessary but not sufficient for the primality of f (1) = F . For instance, F19 = 4181 = 37-113. In the present paper, we obtain a ser ies of resul ts including that of Webb and Parbe r ry for the more general but clearly related sequence {u (x,y)} defined by the recursion
Consumer Choice for Quality and Sustainability in Seafood Products : Empirical Findings from United Kingdom

There has been a growing interest in recent years in the poten tial use of product differentiation (through eco-type labelling) as a means of promoting and rewarding the sustainable management and exploitation of fish stocks. This interest is marked by the growing literature on the topic, exploring both the concept and the key issues associated with it. It reflects a frustration among certain groups with the supply-side measures currently employed in fisheries management, which on their own have proven insufficient to counter the negative incentive structures characterising open-a ccess fisheries. The potential encapsulated by product differentiation has, however, yet to be tested in the market place. One of the debates that continues to accompany the concept is the nature and extent of the response of consumers to the introduction of labelled seafood products. Though differentiated seafood products are starting to come onto the market, we are still essentially dealing with a hypothetical market situation in terms of analysing consumer behaviour. Moving the debate from theoretical extrapolation to one of empirical evidence, this paper presents the preliminary empirical results of a study undertaken in the UK. The study aimed, amongst other things, to evaluate whether UK consumers are prepared to pay a premium for seafood products that are differentiated on the grounds that the fish is either of (a) high quality or (b) comes from a sustainably managed fishery. It also aimed to establish whether the quantity of fish products purchased would change. The results are presented in this paper.
SMARTER IMPLEMENTATION OF BLOCKCHAIN FOR SMART CONTRACTS

Blockchain is buzzword in fact technology that will going to change the way we do contracts yes “Smart Contract” will take over because of its decentralized system that exists between all involved parties, it will eliminate middleman (intermediaries) and saves time and conflicts. This technique will be faster, cheaper and highly secure than traditional systems which has many flaws. We would like to explore various possibilities for making contacts smarter with Blockchain which would ensures high temper proof security and to avoid various problems associated with contacts which ultimately may remove role of lawyer to prove its originality.