nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Structuration Theory and Information Systems Research

Research on the social and organizational aspects of information systems often lacks an adequate theoretical and methodological basis. In this paper, we propose that structuration theory provides a broad conception of social action and human society which can be used as the basis for empiricallyorientated theory and research. A critique is given of some published work, which makes use of the theory, on the introduction of new technology and group decision support systems. A categorization of the use of structuration theory in IS research is proposed and new application areas are identified and discussed, including design and development, strategy formation, user resistance to implementation, and the informating aspects of information systems.
Linux Kernel Developer Responses to Static Analysis Bug Reports

We present a study of how Linux kernel developers respond to bug reports issued by a static analysis tool. We found that developers prefer to triage reports in younger, smaller, and more actively-maintained files ( §2), first address easy-to-fix bugs and defer difficult (but possibly critical) bugs ( §3), and triage bugs in batches rather than individually (§4). Also, although automated tools cannot find many types of bugs, they can be effective at directing developers’ attentions towards parts of the codebase that contain up to 3X more user-reported bugs ( §5). Our insights into developer attitudes towards static analysis tools allow us to make suggestions for improving their usability and effectiveness. We feel that it could be effective to run static analysis tools continuously while programming and before committing code, to rank reports so that those most likely to be triaged are shown to developers first, to show the easiest reports to new developers, to perform deeper analysis on more actively-maintained code, and to use reports as indirect indicators of code quality and importance.
Regulatory RNAs in Bacteria

Bacteria possess numerous and diverse means of gene regulation using RNA molecules, including mRNA leaders that affect expression in cis, small RNAs that bind to proteins or base pair with target RNAs, and CRISPR RNAs that inhibit the uptake of foreign DNA. Although examples of RNA regulators have been known for decades in bacteria, we are only now coming to a full appreciation of their importance and prevalence. Here, we review the known mechanisms and roles of regulatory RNAs, highlight emerging themes, and discuss remaining questions.
Automatic detection of body parts in x-ray images

The number of digital images that needs to be acquired, analyzed, classified, stored and retrieved in the medical centers is exponentially growing with the advances in medical imaging technology. Accordingly, medical image classification and retrieval has become a popular topic in the recent years. Despite many projects focusing on this problem, proposed solutions are still far from being sufficiently accurate for real-life implementations. Interpreting medical image classification and retrieval as a multi-class classification task, in this work, we investigate the performance of five different feature types in a SVM-based learning framework for classification of human body X-Ray images into classes corresponding to body parts. Our comprehensive experiments show that four conventional feature types provide performances comparable to the literature with low per-class accuracies, whereas local binary patterns produce not only very good global accuracy but also good class-specific accuracies with respect to the features used in the literature.
Growth and Carotenoid Production in Dunaliella spp . Isolated from Hypersaline Habitats in the Region of Essaouira ( Morocco ) : Effect of NaNO 3 Concentration

In order to determine the impact of nitrogen deficiency in medium, growth rate and carotenoids contents were followed during 15 days in two strain Dunaliella spp. (DUN2 and DUN3), isolated respectively from Azla and Idao Iaaza saltworks in the Essaouira region (Morocco). These microalgae were incubated at 25 ± 1 °C with a salinity of 35‰ and continuous light in four growth media with different concentrations of sodium nitrate (NaNO3): 18.75 g/L, 2.5 g/L, 37.5 g/L and 75 g/L. Maximum of cell density was observed under high sodium nitrate concentration during logarithmic phase of growth. The highest specific growth rate was 0.450 × 10 ± 0.006 cells/mL and 2.680 × 10 ± 0.216 cells/mL, respectively for DUN2 and DUN3. Carotenoids production mean were not stimulated under nitrogen deficiency, and the highest content was showed in DUN2 at high nitrogen concentration (3.210 ± 0.261 μg·mL) compared with DUN3 strain.
Deep-UV Curing of Poly(4-Vinyl Phenol) Gate Dielectric for Hysteresis-Free Organic Thin-Film Transistors

A simple method is presented to remedy the hysteresis problem associated with the gate dielectric of poly(4-vinyl phenol) (PVPh), which is widely used for organic transistors. The method involves simple blanket illumination of deep ultraviolet (UV) on the PVPh layer at room temperature. The exposure results in the photochemical transformation of hydroxyl groups in PVPh via the UV/ozone effect. This reduction in the concentration of hydroxyl groups enables one to effectively control the hysteresis problem even when the layer is exposed to moisture. The contrast created in the concentration of hydroxyl groups between the exposed and unexposed parts of PVPh also allows simultaneous patterning of the dielectric layer.
Translating Questions into Answers using DBPedia n-triples

In this paper we present a question answering system using a neural network to interpret questions learned from the DBpedia repository. We train a sequenceto-sequence neural network model with n-triples extracted from the DBpedia Infobox Properties. Since these properties do not represent the natural language, we further used question-answer dialogues from movie subtitles. Although the automatic evaluation shows a low overlap of the generated answers compared to the gold standard set, a manual inspection of the showed promising outcomes from the experiment for further work.
Integrated concept of treatment for reduction of morbidity after resection of panniculus morbidus associated with lymphoedema.

A subgroup of grossly obese patients may develop a large hanging abdominal apron, panniculus morbidus, which can contain an element of lymphoedema. This hinders normal activities and prevents adequate hygiene. We reviewed published reports and found that the complications that result from resection of a panniculus had been well described, but the presence of lymphoedema and the possible benefit of appropriate physiotherapy was not addressed. Our first aim was to assess our overall morbidity. Secondly we assessed whether perioperative complex decongestive physical therapy had the potential to reduce the incidence of commonly encountered complications. We retrospectively reviewed the casenotes of all massively obese patients who had panniculectomies between 1998 and 2008. We identified two groups of patients, in the first of which were 38 patients who were given perioperative complex decongestive physical therapy (CDP). In the second group were 18 patients who had no additional treatment perioperatively. We then compared the differences between the groups in the incidence of complications, reoperation rate, duration of hospital stay, and wound complications. All the patients not given perioperative treatment developed a postoperative complication. Only 6 patients in the treated group had minor wound problems. The rates and severity of complications associated with this type of operation can be improved if the patient has access to additional care in a specialised rehabilitation centre during the perioperative period.
Probiotics: Nutritional Therapeutic Tool

The advent of various health care policies and digital revolution has fuelled interest in the direction of food supplements, and as preventive or curative drug containing live non-pathogenic bacteria, probiotics. The widespread usage of probiotics by consumers and in clinical practice has emphatically made to understand the benefits associated with these products. The probiotic products are now being marketed worldwide by several multinational companies. Present review attempts to overview the health benefits of probiotics in impeding various lifestyle or metabolic associated disorders, clinical significance, their efficacy and influence on immune system.
A novel wavelet-SVM short-time passenger flow prediction in Beijing subway system

In order to effectively manage the use of existing infrastructures and prevent the emergency caused by the large gathered crowd, the short-term passenger flow forecasting technology becomes more and more significant in the field of intelligent transportation system. However, there are few studies discussing how to predict different kinds of passenger flows in the subway system. In this paper, a novel hybrid model Wavelet-SVM is proposed, and it combines the complementary advantages of Wavelet and SVM models, and meanwhile overcomes their shortcomings respectively. The Wavelet-SVM forecasting approach consists of three important stages. The first stage decomposes the passenger flow data into different high frequency and low frequency series by wavelet. During the prediction stage, the SVM method is applied to learn and predict the corresponding high frequency and low frequency series. In the last stage, the diverse predicted sequences are reconstructed by wavelet. The experimental results show that the approach not only has the best forecasting performance compared with the state-of-theart techniques but also appears to be the most promising and robust based on the historical passenger flow data in Beijing subway system and several standard evaluation measures. & 2015
A chaotic path planning generator for autonomous mobile robots

This work presents a chaotic path planning generator which is used in autonomous mobile robots, in order to cover a terrain. The proposed generator is based on a nonlinear circuit, which shows chaotic behavior. The bit sequence, produced by the chaotic generator, is converted to a sequence of planned positions, which satisfies the requirements for unpredictability and fast scanning of the entire terrain. The nonlinear circuit and the trajectory-planner are described thoroughly. Simulation tests confirm that with the proposed path planning generator better results can be obtained with regard to previous works.
Classification of electrocorticography based motor imagery movements using continuous wavelet transform

Recently electrocorticography (ECoG) has emerged as a potential tool for Brain Computer Interfacing applications. In this paper, a continuous wavelet transform (CWT) based method is proposed for classifying ECoG motor imagery signals corresponding to left pinky and tongue movement. The total experiment is carried out with the publicly available benchmark BCI competition III, data set I. The L2 norms of the CWT coefficients obtained from ECoG signals are shown to be separable for the two classes of motor imagery signals. Then the L2 norm based features are subjected to principal component analysis, yielding a feature set with lower dimension. Among various types of classifiers used, support vector machine based classifiers have been shown to provide a good accuracy of 92% which is shown to be better than several existing techniques. In addition, unlike most of the existing methods, our proposed method involves no pre-processing and thus can have better potential for practical implementation while requiring much lower computational time in extracting the features.
Crystal Structure of the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Type I TGF β Receptor in Complex with FKBP12

Activation of the type I TGFbeta receptor (TbetaR-I) requires phosphorylation of a regulatory segment known as the GS region, located upstream of the serine/threonine kinase domain in the cytoplasmic portion of the receptor. The crystal structure of a fragment of unphosphorylated TbetaR-I, containing both the GS region and the catalytic domain, has been determined in complex with the FK506-binding protein FKBP12. TbetaR-I adopts an inactive conformation that is maintained by the unphosphorylated GS region. FKBP12 binds to the GS region of the receptor, capping the TbetaR-II phosphorylation sites and further stabilizing the inactive conformation of TbetaR-I. Certain structural features at the catalytic center of TbetaR-I are characteristic of tyrosine kinases rather than Ser/Thr kinases.
Gratitude and the Reduced Costs of Materialism in Adolescents

Materialistic youth seem to be languishing while grateful youth seem to be flourishing. High school students (N = 1,035) completed measures of materialism, gratitude, academic functioning, envy, depression, life satisfaction, social integration, and absorption. Using structural equation modeling, we found that gratitude, controlling for materialism, uniquely predicts all outcomes considered: higher grade point average, life satisfaction, social integration, and absorption, as well as lower envy and depression. In contrast, materialism, controlling for gratitude, uniquely predicts three of the six outcomes: lower grade point average, as well as higher envy and life satisfaction. Furthermore, when examining the relative strengths of gratitude and materialism as predictors, we found that gratitude is generally a stronger predictor of these six outcomes than is materialism.
A Model of the Cardiorespiratory Response to Aerobic Exercise in Healthy and Heart Failure Conditions

The physiological response to physical exercise is now recognized as an important tool which can aid the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This is due to the fact that several mechanisms are needed to accommodate a higher cardiac output and a higher oxygen delivery to tissues. The aim of the present work is to provide a fully closed loop cardiorespiratory simulator reproducing the main physiological mechanisms which arise during aerobic exercise. The simulator also provides a representation of the impairments of these mechanisms in heart failure condition and their effect on limiting exercise capacity. The simulator consists of a cardiovascular model including the left and right heart, pulmonary and systemic circulations. This latter is split into exercising and non-exercising regions and is controlled by the baroreflex and metabolic mechanisms. In addition, the simulator includes a respiratory model reproducing the gas exchange in lungs and tissues, the ventilation control and the effects of its mechanics on the cardiovascular system. The simulator was tested and compared to the data in the literature at three different workloads whilst cycling (25, 49 and 73 watts). The results show that the simulator is able to reproduce the response to exercise in terms of: heart rate (from 67 to 134 bpm), cardiac output (from 5.3 to 10.2 l/min), leg blood flow (from 0.7 to 3.0 l/min), peripheral resistance (from 0.9 to 0.5 mmHg/(cm(3)/s)), central arteriovenous oxygen difference (from 4.5 to 10.8 ml/dl) and ventilation (6.1-25.5 l/min). The simulator was further adapted to reproduce the main impairments observed in heart failure condition, such as reduced sensitivity of baroreflex and metabolic controls, lower perfusion to the exercising regions (from 0.6 to 1.4 l/min) and hyperventilation (from 9.2 to 40.2 l/min). The simulator we developed is a useful tool for the description of the basic physiological mechanisms operating during exercise. It can reproduce how these mechanisms interact and how their impairments could limit exercise performance in heart failure condition. The simulator can thus be used in the future as a test bench for different therapeutic strategies aimed at improving exercise performance in cardiopathic subjects.
A Feasibility Study of Autism Behavioral Markers in Spontaneous Facial, Visual, and Hand Movement Response Data

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disability with atypical traits in behavioral and physiological responses. These atypical traits in individuals with ASD may be too subtle and subjective to measure visually using tedious methods of scoring. Alternatively, the use of intrusive sensors in the measurement of psychophysical responses in individuals with ASD may likely cause inhibition and bias. This paper proposes a novel experimental protocol for non-intrusive sensing and analysis of facial expression, visual scanning, and eye-hand coordination to investigate behavioral markers for ASD. An institutional review board approved pilot study is conducted to collect the response data from two groups of subjects (ASD and control) while they engage in the tasks of visualization, recognition, and manipulation. For the first time in the ASD literature, the facial action coding system is used to classify spontaneous facial responses. Statistical analyses reveal significantly (p <0.01) higher prevalence of smile expression for the group with ASD with the eye-gaze significantly averted (p<0.05) from viewing the face in the visual stimuli. This uncontrolled manifestation of smile without proper visual engagement suggests impairment in reciprocal social communication, e.g., social smile. The group with ASD also reveals poor correlation in eye-gaze and hand movement data suggesting deficits in motor coordination while performing a dynamic manipulation task. The simultaneous sensing and analysis of multimodal response data may provide useful quantitative insights into ASD to facilitate early detection of symptoms for effective intervention planning.
DualIso: An Algorithm for Subgraph Pattern Matching on Very Large Labeled Graphs

An important component of current research in big data is graph analytics on very large graphs. Of the many problems of interest in this domain, graph pattern matching is both challenging and practically important. The problem is, given a relatively small query graph, finding matching patterns in a large data graph. Algorithms to address this problem are used in large social networks and graph databases. Though fast querying is highly desirable, the scalability of pattern matching algorithms is hindered by the NP-completeness of the subgraph isomorphism problem. This paper presents a conceptually simple, memory-efficient, pruning-based algorithm for the subgraph isomorphism problem that outperforms commonly used algorithms on large graphs. The high performance is due in large part to the effectiveness of the pruning algorithm, which in many cases removes a large percentage of the vertices not found in isomorphic matches. In this paper, the runtime of the algorithm is tested alongside other algorithms on graphs of up to 10 million vertices and 250 million edges.
A general design method for band-pass post filters in rectangular waveguide and substrate integrated waveguide

This paper presents an efficient design approach for band-pass post filters in waveguides, based on mode-matching technique. With this technique, the characteristics of symmetrical cylindrical post arrangements in the cross-section of the considered waveguides can be analyzed accurately and quickly. Importantly, the approach is applicable to post filters in waveguide but can be extended to Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technologies. The fast computations provide accurate relationships for the K factors as a function of the post radii and the distances between posts, and allow analyzing the influence of machining tolerances on the filter performance. The computations are used to choose reasonable posts for designing band-pass filters, while the error analysis helps to judge whether a given machining precision is sufficient. The approach is applied to a Chebyshev band-pass post filter and a band-pass SIW filter with a center frequency of 10.5 GHz and a fractional bandwidth of 9.52% with verification via full-wave simulations using HFSS and measurements on manufactured prototypes.
Comprehensive many-to-many phoneme-to-viseme mapping and its application for concatenative visual speech synthesis

The use of visemes as atomic speech units in visual speech analysis and synthesis systems is well-established. Viseme labels are determined using a many-to-one phoneme-to-viseme mapping. However, due to the visual coarticulation effects, an accurate mapping from phonemes to visemes should define a many-to-many mapping scheme. In this research it was found that neither the use of standardized nor speaker-dependent many-to-one viseme labels could satisfy the quality requirements of concatenative visual speech synthesis. Therefore, a novel technique to define a many-to-many phoneme-to-viseme mapping scheme is introduced, which makes use of both treebased and k-means clustering approaches. We show that these many-to-many viseme labels more accurately describe the visual speech information as compared to both phoneme-based and many-toone viseme-based speech labels. In addition, we found that the use of these many-to-many visemes improves the precision of the segment selection phase in concatenative visual speech synthesis using limited speech databases. Furthermore, the resulting synthetic visual speech was both objectively and subjectively found to be of higher quality when the many-to-many visemes are used to describe the speech database as well as the synthesis targets.
Enterprise Cloud Service Architecture

Cloud computing, a new paradigm of distributed computing, introduces many new ideas, concepts, principals, technologies and architectural styles into enterprise service-oriented computing. The enterprise service-oriented architecture (ESOA) style is an abstraction of concrete enterprise service-orientated architectures, which includes SOA architectural elements, service design patterns as well as principles, and SOA quality attributes. It can be extended to a new style for realizing enterprise cloud computing. Meanwhile, the principles and style of enterprise service-oriented computing facilitate the enterprise-wide adoption of cloud computing. This paper extends the ESOA style to a new hybrid architectural style, Enterprise Cloud Service Architecture (ECSA). The style is described by extending enterprise service-oriented formula for ESOA. We model the style through specifying each element in the formula with both service-oriented and cloud architectural styles.
Laparoscopic Total Extraperitoneal Hernia Repair Outcomes

Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair has become increasingly popular as an alternative to open surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the laparoscopic total extraperitoneal procedure with the use of staple fixation and polypropylene mesh.



A retrospective chart review examined outcomes of 1240 laparoscopic hernia operations in 783 patients, focusing on intraoperative and early postoperative complications, pain, and time until return to work and normal physical activities.



There were no intraoperative complications in this series; 106 patients experienced early postoperative complications across 8 evaluated categories: urinary retention (4.1%), seroma (3.0%), testicular/hemiscrotal swelling (1.9%), testicular atrophy (0%), hydrocele (0.6%), mesh infection (0.1%), and neurological symptoms (transient, 1.0%; persistent, 0.2%). Patients used an average of 5.6 Percocet pills after the procedure, and mean times until return to work and normal activities, including their routine exercise regimen, were 3.0 and 3.8 days, respectively.



Complication rates and convalescence times were considered equivalent or superior to those found in other studies assessing both laparoscopic and open techniques. The usage of multiple Endostaples did not result in increased neurologic complications in the early postoperative period when compared with findings in the literature. In the hands of an experienced surgeon, total extraperitoneal repair is a safe, effective alternative to open inguinal hernia repair.