nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
PUBLIC KEY ENCRYPTION WITH CONJUNCTIVE FIELD FREE KEYWORD SEARCH SCHEME

Searchable encryption allows a remote server to search over encrypted documents without knowing the sensitive data contents. Prior searchable symmetric encryption schemes focus on single keyword search. Conjunctive Keyword Searches (CKS) schemes improve system usability by retrieving the matched documents. In this type of search, the user has to repeatedly perform the search protocol for many times. Most of existent (CKS) schemes use conjunctive keyword searches with fixed position keyword fields; this type of search is not useful for many applications, such as unstructured text. In our paper, we propose a new public key encryption scheme based on bilinear pairings, the scheme supports conjunctive keyword search queries on encrypted data without needing to specify the positions of the keywords where the keywords can be in any arbitrary order. Instead of giving the server one trapdoor for each keyword in the conjunction set, we use a bilinear map per a set of combined keywords to make them regarded as one keyword. In another meaning, the proposed method will retrieve the data in one round of communication between the user and server. Furthermore, the search process could not reveal any information about the number of keywords in the query expression. Through analysis section we determine how such scheme could be used to guarantee fast and secure access to the database.
Zigbee-Based Smart Ordering System (S.O.S)

In the era of information technology, human tend to develop better and more convenient lifestyle. Nowadays, almost all the electronic devices are equipped with wireless technology. A wireless communication network has numerous advantages and becomes an important application. The enhancements provide by the wireless technology gives the ease of control to the users and not least the mobility of the devices within the network. It is use the Zigbee as the wireless modules. The Smart Ordering System introduced current and fast way to order food at a restaurant. The system uses a small keypad to place orders and the order made by inserting the code on the keypad menu. This code comes along with the menu. The signal will be delivered to the order by the Zigbee technology, and it will automatically be displayed on the screen in the kitchen.  smart, ordering, S.O.S, Zigbee.
Vygotsky in English: What Still Needs to Be Done

At present readers of English have still limited access to Vygotsky's writings. Existing translations are marred by mistakes and outright falsifications. Analyses of Vygotsky's work tend to downplay the collaborative and experimental nature of his research. Several suggestions are made to improve this situation. New translations are certainly needed and new analyses should pay attention to the contextual nature of Vygotsky's thinking and research practice.
A simple method for extreme impedances measurement - experimental testing

This paper directly follows and extends, where a novel method for measurement of extreme impedances is described theoretically. In this paper experiments proving that the method can significantly improve stability of a measurement system are described. Using Agilent PNA E8364A vector network analyzer (VNA) the method is able to measure reflection coefficient with stability improved 36-times in magnitude and 354-times in phase compared to the classical method of reflection coefficient measurement. Further, validity of the error model and related equations stated in are verified by real measurement of SMD resistors (size 0603) in microwave test fixture. Values of the measured SMD resistors range from 12 kOmega up to 330 kOmega. A novel calibration technique using three different resistors as calibration standards is used. The measured values of impedances reasonably agree with assumed values.
ROVER CHASSIS EVALUATION TOOLS

A set of tools is being prepared in the frame of ESA activity [18191/04/NL] labelled: "Mars Rover Chassis Evaluation Tools" to support design, selection and optimisation of space exploration rovers in Europe. This activity is carried out jointly by Contraves Space as prime contractor, EPFL, DLR, Surrey Space Centre and EADS Space Transportation. This paper describes the current results of this study and its intended used for selection, design and optimisation on different wheeled vehicles. These tools would also allow future developments for a more efficient motion control on rover.  A set of tools is being developed to support the design of planetary rovers in Europe. The RCET will enable accurate predictions and characterisations of rover performances as related to the locomotion subsystem. This infrastructure consists of both S/W and H/W elements that will be interwoven to result in a user-friendly environment. The actual need for mobility increased in terms of range and duration. In this respect, redesigning specific aspects of the past rover concepts, in particular the development of most suitable all terrain performances is appropriate [9]. Analysis and design methodologies for terrestrial surface vehicles to operate on unprepared surfaces have been successfully applied to planet rover developments for the first time during the Apollo LRV manned lunar rover programme of the late 1960’s and early 1970’s [1,2]. Key to this accomplishment and to rational surface vehicle designs in general are quantitative descriptions of the terrain and of the interaction between the terrain and the vehicle. Not only the wheel/ground interaction is essential for efficient locomotion, but also the rover kinematics concepts. In recent terrestrial off-the-road vehicle development and acquisition, especially in the military, the so-called ‘Virtual Proving Ground’ (VPG) Simulation Technology has become essential. The integrated environments previously available to design engineers involved sophisticated hardware and software and cost hundreds of thousands of Euros. The experimentation and operational costs associated with the use of such instruments were even more alarming. The promise of VPG is to lower the risk and cost in vehicle definition and design by allowing early concept characterisation and trade-off’s based on numerical models without having to rely on prototyping for concept assessment. A similar approach is proposed for future European planetary rover programmes and is to be enabled by RCET. The first part of this paper describes the methodology used in the RCET activity and gives an overview of the different tools under development. The next section details the theory and modules used for the simulation. Finally the last section relates the first results, the future work and concludes this paper. In Proceedings of the 8th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation 'ASTRA 2004' ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, November 2 4, 2004
Use of hysteroscope for vaginoscopy or hysteroscopy in adolescents for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of gynecologic disorders: a systematic review.

The purpose of this article is to review the published literature and perform a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the use of a hysteroscope for vaginoscopy or hysteroscopy in diagnosing and establishing therapeutic management of adolescent patients with gynecologic problems.



A systematic review.



PubMed, Web of science, and Scopus searches were performed for the period up to September 2013 to identify all the eligible studies. Additional relevant articles were identified using citations within these publications.



Female adolescents aged 10 to 18 years.



A total of 19 studies were included in the systematic review. We identified 19 case reports that described the application of a hysteroscope as treatment modality for some gynecologic conditions or diseases in adolescents. No original study was found matching the age of this specific population.



A hysteroscope is a useful substitute for vaginoscopy or hysteroscopy for the exploration of the immature genital tract and may help in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic disorders in adolescent patients with an intact hymen, limited vaginal access, or a narrow vagina.
Modeling of a single-switch quadratic buck converter

During the last two decades, a great number of applications for the dc-to-dc converters have been reported . Many applications are found in computers, telecommunications, aeronautics, commercial, and industrial applications. The basic topologies buck, boost, and buck-boost, are widely used in the dc-to-dc conversion. These converters, as well as other converters, provide low voltages and currents for loads at a constant switching frequency. In recent years, there has been a need for wider conversion ratios with a corresponding reduction in size and weight. For example, advances in the field of semiconductors have motivated the development of new integrated circuits, which require 3.3 or 1.5 V power supplies. The automotive industry is moving from 12 V (14 V) to 36 V (42 V), the above is due to the electric-electronic load in automobiles has been growing rapidly and is starting to exceed the practical capacity of present-day electrical systems. Today, the average 12 V (14 V) load is between 750 W to 1 kW, while the peak load can be 2 kW, depending of the type of car and its accessories. By 2005, peak loads above 2 kW, even as high as 12 kW, will be common. To address this challenge, it is widely agreed that a
SpanFS: A Scalable File System on Fast Storage Devices

Most recent storage devices, such as NAND flash-based solid state drives (SSDs), provide low access latency and high degree of parallelism. However, conventional file systems, which are designed for slow hard disk drives, often encounter severe scalability bottlenecks in exploiting the advances of these fast storage devices on manycore architectures. To scale file systems to many cores, we propose SpanFS, a novel file system which consists of a collection of micro file system services called domains. SpanFS distributes files and directories among the domains, provides a global file system view on top of the domains and maintains consistency in case of system crashes. SpanFS is implemented based on the Ext4 file system. Experimental results evaluating SpanFS against Ext4 on a modern PCI-E SSD show that SpanFS scales much better than Ext4 on a 32-core machine. In microbenchmarks SpanFS outperforms Ext4 by up to 1226%. In application-level benchmarks SpanFS improves the performance by up to 73% relative to Ext4.
A survey of techniques and open-source tools for processing streams of spatio-temporal events

With the rise of location-aware IoT devices, there is an increased desire to process data streams in a real-time manner. Responding to such streams may require processing data from multiple streams to inform decisions. There are many uses cases for putting the location data from the sensors or an analytic derivative on a map for a live view of sensors or other assets. Here we describe an architecture which relies solely on free and open-source components to provide streaming spatio-temporal event processing, analysis, and near-real-time visualization.
Mining Significant Usage Patterns from Clickstream Data

Discovery of usage patterns from Web data is one of the primary purposes for Web Usage Mining. In this paper, a technique to generate Significant Usage Patterns (SUP) is proposed and used to acquire significant “user preferred navigational trails”. The technique uses pipelined processing phases including sub-abstraction of sessionized Web clickstreams, clustering of the abstracted Web sessions, concept-based abstraction of the clustered sessions, and SUP generation. Using this technique, valuable customer behavior information can be extracted by Web site practitioners. Experiments conducted using Web log data provided by J.C.Penney demonstrate that SUPs of different types of customers are distinguishable and interpretable. This technique is particularly suited for analysis of dynamic websites.
mHealth: a mechanism to deliver more accessible, more effective mental health care.

The increased popularity and functionality of mobile devices has a number of implications for the delivery of mental health services. Effective use of mobile applications has the potential to (a) increase access to evidence-based care; (b) better inform consumers of care and more actively engage them in treatment; (c) increase the use of evidence-based practices; and (d) enhance care after formal treatment has concluded. The current paper presents an overview of the many potential uses of mobile applications as a means to facilitate ongoing care at various stages of treatment. Examples of current mobile applications in behavioural treatment and research are described, and the implications of such uses are discussed. Finally, we provide recommendations for methods to include mobile applications into current treatment and outline future directions for evaluation.



Mobile devices are becoming increasingly common among the adult population and have tremendous potential to advance clinical care. Mobile applications have the potential to enhance clinical care at stages of treatment-from engaging patients in clinical care to facilitating adherence to practices and in maintaining treatment gains. Research is needed to validate the efficacy and effectiveness of mobile applications in clinical practice. Research on such devices must incorporate assessments of usability and adherence in addition to their incremental benefit to treatment.
A richly interactive exploratory data analysis and visualization tool using electronic medical records

Electronic medical records (EMRs) contain vast amounts of data that is of great interest to physicians, clinical researchers, and medial policy makers. As the size, complexity, and accessibility of EMRs grow, the ability to extract meaningful information from them has become an increasingly important problem to solve.



We develop a standardized data analysis process to support cohort study with a focus on a particular disease. We use an interactive divide-and-conquer approach to classify patients into relatively uniform within each group. It is a repetitive process enabling the user to divide the data into homogeneous subsets that can be visually examined, compared, and refined. The final visualization was driven by the transformed data, and user feedback direct to the corresponding operators which completed the repetitive process. The output results are shown in a Sankey diagram-style timeline, which is a particular kind of flow diagram for showing factors' states and transitions over time.



This paper presented a visually rich, interactive web-based application, which could enable researchers to study any cohorts over time by using EMR data. The resulting visualizations help uncover hidden information in the data, compare differences between patient groups, determine critical factors that influence a particular disease, and help direct further analyses. We introduced and demonstrated this tool by using EMRs of 14,567 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients.



We developed a visual mining system to support exploratory data analysis of multi-dimensional categorical EMR data. By using CKD as a model of disease, it was assembled by automated correlational analysis and human-curated visual evaluation. The visualization methods such as Sankey diagram can reveal useful knowledge about the particular disease cohort and the trajectories of the disease over time.
A Framework for Personal Mobile Commerce Pattern Mining and Prediction

Due to a wide range of potential applications, research on mobile commerce has received a lot of interests from both of the industry and academia. Among them, one of the active topic areas is the mining and prediction of users' mobile commerce behaviors such as their movements and purchase transactions. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, called Mobile Commerce Explorer (MCE), for mining and prediction of mobile users' movements and purchase transactions under the context of mobile commerce. The MCE framework consists of three major components: 1) Similarity Inference Model (SIM) for measuring the similarities among stores and items, which are two basic mobile commerce entities considered in this paper; 2) Personal Mobile Commerce Pattern Mine (PMCP-Mine) algorithm for efficient discovery of mobile users' Personal Mobile Commerce Patterns (PMCPs); and 3) Mobile Commerce Behavior Predictor (MCBP) for prediction of possible mobile user behaviors. To our best knowledge, this is the first work that facilitates mining and prediction of mobile users' commerce behaviors in order to recommend stores and items previously unknown to a user. We perform an extensive experimental evaluation by simulation and show that our proposals produce excellent results.
Autonomous Electric Vehicle Using Ultrasonic Sensor Skirt Approach

The proposed work deals with the designing of a self-driven electric car used to provide automatic shuttle services within an industrial site or even college campus. In this paper, a system is designed to be used within college premises for various multi-disciplinary activities. The vehicle can move around without any manual guidance. The major task in the designing of an autonomous vehicle is to provide it with vision so that it can move around in the environment with ease. The proposed idea uses various electronic sensors to accomplish this task. It is capable of taking decisions which include avoiding of static or dynamic obstacles in between the travel path. Based on these decisions, the further movement of the vehicle is decided. The decision-making ability lies with the logic and controller system of the vehicle. The system also performs the function of detection of side walls to follow a straight path. The vehicle will decide the path based on the user defined destination point. The travel path is mapped using GPS system. The proposed system uses battery power which can be charged using solar energy via solar panels. This work gives a complete description about the system design of an autonomous electrically driven vehicle having a capacity of carrying 4 persons.
Morphology of the Insertions of the Superficial Medial Collateral Ligament and Posterior Oblique Ligament Using 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography: A Cadaveric Study.

To describe the insertions of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL) and their related osseous landmarks.



Insertions of the sMCL and POL were identified and marked in 22 unpaired human cadaveric knees. The surface area, location, positional relations, and morphology of the sMCL and POL insertions and related osseous structures were analyzed on 3-dimensional images.



The femoral insertion of the POL was located 18.3 mm distal to the apex of the adductor tubercle (AT). The femoral insertion of the sMCL was located 21.1 mm distal to the AT and 9.2 mm anterior to the POL. The angle between the femoral axis and femoral insertion of the sMCL was 18.6°, and that between the femoral axis and the POL insertion was 5.1°. The anterior portions of the distal fibers of the POL were attached to the fascia cruris and semimembranosus tendon, whereas the posterior fibers were attached to the posteromedial side of the tibia directly. The tibial insertion of the POL was located just proximal and medial to the superior edge of the semimembranosus groove. The tibial insertion of the sMCL was attached firmly and widely to the tibial crest. The mean linear distances between the tibial insertion of the POL or sMCL and joint line were 5.8 and 49.6 mm, respectively.



This study used 3-dimensional images to assess the insertions of the sMCL and POL and their related osseous landmarks. The AT was identified clearly as an osseous landmark of the femoral insertions of the sMCL and POL. The tibial crest and semimembranosus groove served as osseous landmarks of the tibial insertions of the sMCL and POL.



By showing further details of the anatomy of the knee, the described findings can assist surgeons in anatomic reconstruction of the sMCL and POL.
Clothing retrieval with visual attention model

Clothing retrieval is a challenging problem in computer vision. With the advance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), the accuracy of clothing retrieval has been significantly improved. FashionNet , a recent study, proposes to employ a set of artificial features in the form of landmarks for clothing retrieval, which are shown to be helpful for retrieval. However, the landmark detection module is trained with strong supervision which requires considerable efforts to obtain. In this paper, we propose a self-learning Visual Attention Model (VAM) to extracts attention maps from clothing images. The VAM is further connected to a global network to form an end-to-end network structure through Impdrop connection which randomly Dropout on the feature maps with the probabilities given by the attention map. Extensive experiments on several widely used benchmark clothing retrieval data sets have demonstrated the promise of the proposed method. We also show that compared to the trivial Product connection, the Impdrop connection makes the network structure more robust when training sets of limited size are used.
Multi-output RNN-LSTM for multiple speaker speech synthesis and adaptation

Deep Learning has been applied successfully to speech processing. In this paper we propose an architecture for speech synthesis using multiple speakers. Some hidden layers are shared by all the speakers, while there is a specific output layer for each speaker. Objective and perceptual experiments prove that this scheme produces much better results in comparison with single speaker model. Moreover, we also tackle the problem of speaker adaptation by adding a new output branch to the model and successfully training it without the need of modifying the base optimized model. This fine tuning method achieves better results than training the new speaker from scratch with its own model.
A 0.35μm CMOS sub-1V low-quiescent-current low-dropout regulator

A sub-1 V CMOS low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulator with 103 nA low-quiescent current is presented in this paper. The proposed LDO uses a digital error amplifier that can make the quiescent current lower than other LDOs with the traditional error amplifier. Besides, the LDO can be stable even without the output capacitor. With a 0.9 V power supply, the output voltage is designed as 0.5 V. The maximum output current of the LDO is 50 mA at an output of 0.5 V. The prototype of the LDO is fabricated with TSMC 0.35 mum CMOS processes. The active area without pads is only 240 mum times 400 mum.