nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Critic Theories: Henry James seen by Northrop Frye and David Lodge

The present paper represents our attempt to decipher the literary ideas that Henry James, Northrop Frye and David Lodge brought in criticism, therefore our main focus is on The Art of Fiction and The Art of the Novel, both belonging to Henry James, The Anatomy of Criticism-by Northrop Frye and The Art of Fiction of David Lodge. Particular attention is going to be given to Henry James and the concepts that he introduced in narratology, to the way Frye and Lodge regard ”The Master’s” work from a critic point of view.
Efficient spatio-temporal RDF query processing in large dynamic knowledge bases

An ever-increasing number of real-life applications produce spatiotemporal data that record the position of moving objects (persons, cars, vessels, aircrafts, etc.). In order to provide integrated views with other relevant data sources (e.g., weather, vessel databases, etc.), this data is represented in RDF and stored in knowledge bases with the following notable features: (a) the data is dynamic, since new spatio-temporal data objects are recorded every second, and (b) the size of the data is vast and can easily lead to scalability issues. As a result, this raises the need for efficient management of large-scale, dynamic, spatio-temporal RDF data. In this paper, we propose boosting the performance of spatio-temporal RDF queries by compressing the spatio-temporal information of each RDF entity into a unique integer value. We exploit this encoding in a filter-and-refine framework for processing of spatio-temporal RDF data efficiently. By means of an extensive evaluation on real-life data sets, we demonstrate the merits of our framework.
Aptian-Albian coaliferous sediments of Kotel’nyi Island (New Siberian Islands): New data on the section structure and ignimbrite volcanism

The Aptian-Albian sediments of Kotel’nyi Island are represented by a terrigenous coaliferous complex with the apparent thickness of approximately 700 m. The upper two thirds of their section enclose ignimbrites and rhyolitic ash tuffs. The integral thickness of volcanics is 170 m. A new sequence composed largely of acidic volcanics and sedimentary rocks is defined in the upper part of the Cretaceous section. The K-Ar age estimated for ignimbrite glasses is 110–107 ± 2.5 Ma, which corresponds to the first half of the Albian. The fossil flora list is added by several previously unknown forms. The macroflora of Kotel’nyi Island is similar to its Albian counterpart from the Kolyma-Indigirka region and allows Cretaceous sediments from the lower part the Kotel’nyi Island section to be dated back to the Aptian (?)-Albian (except for the terminal Albian). The palynological characteristic of rocks immediately contacting the dated volcanics appeared to be untypical of Albian sediments of Siberia and similar to that of the Late Neocomian palynocomplexes. This is partly explained by erosion and reworking processes. The examined continental sediments accumulated in post-orogenic extension settings. They constitute the lower strata of the Aptian(?)-Tertiary post-orogenic complex filling riftogenic depressions in the New Siberian Islands and Laptev Sea.
Factors that influence radioactive iodine use for thyroid cancer.

There is variation in the use of radioactive iodine (RAI) as treatment for well-differentiated thyroid cancer. The factors involved in physician decision-making for RAI remain unknown.



We surveyed physicians involved in postsurgical management of patients with thyroid cancer from 251 hospitals. Respondents were asked to rate the factors important in influencing whether a thyroid cancer patient receives RAI. Multivariable analyses controlling for physician age, gender, specialty, case volume, and whether they personally administer RAI, were performed to determine correlates of importance placed on patients' and physicians' worry about death from cancer and differences between low- versus higher-case-volume physicians.



The survey response rate was 63% (534/853). Extent of disease, adequacy of surgical resection, patients' willingness to receive RAI, and patients' age were the factors physicians were most likely to report as quite or very important in influencing recommendations for RAI to patients with thyroid cancer. Interestingly, both physicians' and patients' worry about death from thyroid cancer were also important in determining RAI use. Physicians with less thyroid cancer cases per year were more likely than higher-volume physicians to report patients' (p<0.001) and physicians' worry about death (p=0.016) as quite or very important in decision-making. Other factors more likely to be of greater importance in determining RAI use for physicians with lower thyroid cancer patient volume versus higher include the accepted standard at the affiliated hospital (p=0.020), beliefs about RAI expressed by colleagues comanaging patients (p=0.003), and patient distance from the nearest facility administering RAI (p=0.012).



In addition to the extent of disease and adequacy of surgical resection, physicians place importance on physician and patient worry about death from thyroid cancer when deciding whether to treat a patient with RAI. The factors important to physician decision-making differ based on physician thyroid-cancer case-volume, with worry about death being more influential for low-case-volume physicians. As the mortality from thyroid cancer is low, the importance placed on death in decision making may be unwarranted.
Exponential quintessence and the end of acceleration

Recent observations indicate that the universe's expansion has been accelerating of late. But recent theoretical work has highlighted the difficulty of squaring acceleration with the underlying assumptions of string theory, disfavoring most models of quintessence. because they predict eternal acceleration. We show that one of the simplest and most motivated quintessence models described by an exponential potential can produce the acceleration needed to explain the data while also predicting only a finite period of acceleration, consistent with theoretical paradigms. This model is no more tuned than the canonical tracking quintessence models.
The Spiritual Competence Aspect in Counselling Service

The spiritual element plays an important role in the lives of humans. Numerous problems have befallen humans due to individual misinterpretations regarding spiritual elements that have eventually brought about self-induced stress and feelings of hopelessness. Hence, the emphases on the spiritual aspect in counselling sessions will help to deal will this matter effectively. This article discusses the need to involve the counsellorâ€™s element of spiritual competence when implementing counselling because it is related to the increase in function, competence and the mental health of the individual. Good preparation and a well-grounded spiritual competence are needed by a counsellor to implement the spiritual element more effectively during counselling sessions.
Universal genome in the origin of metazoa: thoughts about evolution.

Recent advances in paleontology, genome analysis, genetics and embryology raise a number of questions about the origin of Animal Kingdom. These questions include:(1) seemingly simultaneous appearance of diverse Metazoan phyla in Cambrian period, (2) similarities of genomes among Metazoan phyla of diverse complexity, (3) seemingly excessive complexity of genomes of lower taxons and (4) similar genetic switches of functionally similar but non-homologous developmental programs. Here I propose an experimentally testable hypothesis of Universal Genome that addresses these questions. According to this model, (a) the Universal Genome that encodes all major developmental programs essential for various phyla of Metazoa emerged in a unicellular or a primitive multicellular organism shortly before the Cambrian period; (b) The Metazoan phyla, all having similar genomes, are nonetheless so distinct because they utilize specific combinations of developmental programs. This model has two major predictions, first that a significant fraction of genetic information in lower taxons must be functionally useless but becomes useful in higher taxons, and second that one should be able to turn on in lower taxons some of the complex latent developmental programs, e.g., a program of eye development or antibody synthesis in sea urchin. An example of natural turning on of a complex latent program in a lower taxon is discussed.
Neuro-Symbolic Execution: Augmenting Symbolic Execution with Neural Constraints

Symbolic execution is a powerful technique for program analysis. However, it has many limitations in practical applicability: the path explosion problem encumbers scalability, the need for language-specific implementation, the inability to handle complex dependencies, and the limited expressiveness of theories supported by underlying satisfiability checkers. Often, relationships between variables of interest are not expressible directly as purely symbolic constraints. To this end, we present a new approach—neuro-symbolic execution—which learns an approximation of the relationship between program values of interest, as a neural network. We develop a procedure for checking satisfiability of mixed constraints, involving both symbolic expressions and neural representations. We implement our new approach in a tool called NEUEX as an extension of KLEE, a state-of-the-art dynamic symbolic execution engine. NEUEX finds 33 exploits in a benchmark of 7 programs within 12 hours. This is an improvement in the bug finding efficacy of 94% over vanilla KLEE. We show that this new approach drives execution down difficult paths on which KLEE and other DSE extensions get stuck, eliminating limitations of purely SMT-based techniques.
Contornos en negativo: Reescrituras posdictatoriales del siglo XIX (Argentina, Chile y Uruguay)

This dissertation focuses on how contemporary Southern Cone fiction responds to the post-dictatorial symbolic crisis by articulating a new political praxis based upon the intertwining of historical and aesthetic discourses. It thus addresses the link between narrative, historiography and politics in recent Argentinian, Chilean and Uruguayan texts that have not received major critical attention, probably because they do not fit into contemporary critical categories. The analysis seeks to go beyond the hegemonic debates on post-dictatorship —mostly represented by scholars such us Idelber Avelar, Francine Masiello, Nelly Richard and Alberto Moreiras, among others— which seem trapped in a number of recurrent topics and concepts —mourning, memory, post-memory, horror, allegory— that erase their critical potential and obliterate other possibilities. Breaking with this pattern, my work explores a dimension that has often been overlooked: the contemporary representation of the nineteenth century. I test the hypothesis that, in contemporary Southern Cone literature, the fictional re-writing of the nineteenth century (the foundational moment of nation, narration and intellectuals in Latin America) attempts to outline new ethical models for the intellectual, to solve the representational crisis through a reformulation of realism and to frame a specific political role for literary practice. My perspective owes considerably to a number of thinkers within the Marxist tradition —especially Walter Benjamin, Gyorgy Lukacs and Fredric Jameson— and intends to contribute to some of their major discussion topics, above all the relation between history and aesthetics and the dichotomy allegory/realism.
On the Reactivity of Diamond-Like Semiconductor Surfaces

The adsorption and decomposition of molecular oxygen and water on the (100) surface of diamond-like crystals (Si and Ge) have been studied by semiempirical quantum chemistry MNDO method in the framework of a cluster approach. The results show that both O 2 and H 2 O, on the two kinds of crystal surfaces, adsorb both molecularly and dissociatively. The dissociative process is always favoured from a thermodynamic point of view, but involves an activation energy in agreement with the experimental evidence.
Nonlinear dynamics aspects of modern storage rings

Particle dynamics in storage rings is considered from the point of view of modern developments in nonlinear dynamics. The paper is intended as a brief introduction for accelerator physicists to the modern world of nonlinear mechanics and for mathematical physicists to the nonlinear world of modern storage rings.  Work supported in part by the Department of Energy, contracts DE-AC03-84ER40182 and DE-AC03-76SF00515. Contributed to the Joint US/CERN School on Particle Accelerators Sardinia, Italy, January 31 February 5, 1985
Zero-Knowledge twenty years after its invention

Zero-knowledge proofs are proofs that are both convincing and yet yield nothing beyond the validity of the assertion being proven. Since their introduction about twenty years ago, zero-knowledge proofs have attracted a lot of attention and have, in turn, contributed to the development of other areas of cryptography and complexity theory. We survey the main deenitions and results regarding zero-knowledge proofs. Speciically, we present the basic deenitional approach and its variants, results regarding the power of zero-knowledge proofs as well as recent results regarding questions such as the composeability of zero-knowledge proofs and the use of the adversary's program within the proof of security (i.e., non-black-box simulation).
Vanishing spectral weight in a one-hole-doped antiferromagnet: A rigorous result

By explicitly tracking the Marshall sign, a phase string induced by hopping is revealed in the one-hole-doped $t-J$ model. It is rigorously shown that such a phase string cannot be eliminated through low-lying spin excitations, and it either causes the spectral weight $Z=0$, or leads to the localization of the doped hole. Implications for finite doping are also discussed.
The Making of New World Slavery: From the Baroque to the Modern, 1492-1800. By Robin Blackburn ( New York, Verso , 1997 ) 602 pp. $35.00

tion that the term “Balkan” is both pejorative and omnipresent in modern political discourse. “Where is the adversarial group that has not been decried as ‘Balkan’ and ‘balkanizing’ by its opponents? Where the accused have not hurled back the branding reproach of ‘Balkanism’?” (3). Such assertions demand rigorous use of evidence, and Todorova is occasionally cavalier in that regard. In order to slay the beast of “Balkanism,” she seems to ask readers to deny the obvious, that the Balkans are in fact different from other regions in Europe. If acknowledging the formation and existence of a negative stereotype means abandoning any attempt to understand historical processes at work in a given region, then Balkanism will merely be jettisoned in favor of a similarly reductionist relativism. But as Todorova herself acknowledges in the preface, the theme with which she grapples is demanding. One can only assume that this compelling and invigorating exploration will be the arst of many attempts to explain the phenomenon of “Balkanism,” the existence of which cannot be doubted.
Hydration properties of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in aqueous solution: A molecular dynamics study

Ion hydration and its effects on water structure in different concentrations were studied using molecular dynamics (MD). The peak positions and intensity of radius distribution functions (RDF) of M + −Ow correlated strongly with the charge/radius ratio. And the coordination numbers of Na + , K + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ were 5.6, 6.7, 6.0 and 7.8, respectively. The ions’ hydration structure including Cl − weakly depended on the counter-ions and concentrations. Moreover, ions primarily affected the structure and kinetics of ion’s first hydration shell. As the concentrations increased, the RDFs for water slightly changed with decrease in the self-diffusion coefficients of water molecules and ions.
Boundary properties of graphs for algorithmic graph problems

The notion of a boundary graph property was recently introduced as a relaxation of that of a minimal property and was applied to several problems of both algorithmic and combinatorial nature. In the present paper, we first survey recent results related to this notion and then apply it to two algorithmic graph problems: Hamiltonian cycle and vertexk-colorability. In particular, we discover the first two boundary classes for the Hamiltonian cycle problem and prove that for any k>3 there is a continuum of boundary classes for vertexk-colorability.
Spacetime in Everett's interpretation of quantum mechanics

Everett's interpretation of quantum mechanics was proposed to avoid problems inherent in the prevailing interpretational frame. It assumes that quantum mechanics can be applied to any system and that the state vector always evolves unitarily. It then claims that whenever an observable is measured, all possible results of the measurement exist. This assertion of multiplicity has been understood in many ways by proponents of Everett's theory. Here we shall illustrate how different views on multiplicity carry onto different views on spacetime.
Assessing the nutritional status of patients with sarcoma by using the scored patient-generated subjective global assessment.

An intervention with the Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment was implemented at a community cancer center to identify patients with sarcoma at risk for malnutrition. This population usually is not considered to be at nutritional risk because of young age and the site of diagnosis; however, 60% of patients assessed were at risk for malnutrition or were severely malnourished. Nurses and dietitians should be aware of potential nutritional risk in this population and learn about possible interventions.
Scalable Mutual Information Estimation Using Dependence Graphs

The Mutual Information (MI) is an often used measure of dependency between two random variables utilized in informa- tion theory, statistics and machine learning. Recently several MI estimators have been proposed that can achieve paramet- ric MSE convergence rate. However, most of the previously proposed estimators have high computational complexity of at least $({N^2})$ . We propose a unified method for empirical non-parametric estimation of general MI function between random vectors in ${\mathbb{R}^d}$ based on $N$ i.i.d. samples. The re- duced complexity MI estimator, called the ensemble depen- dency graph estimator (EDGE), combines randomized locality sensitive hashing (LSH), dependency graphs, and ensemble bias-reduction methods. We prove that EDGE achieves op- timal computational complexity $(N)$ , and can achieve the optimal parametric MSE rate of $O(1/N)$ if the density is $d$ times differentiable. To the best of our knowledge EDGE is the first non-parametric MI estimator that can achieve paramet- ric MSE rates with linear time complexity. We illustrate the utility of EDGE for the analysis of the information plane (IP) in deep learning. Using EDGE we shed light on a controversy on whether or not the compression property of information bottleneck (IB) in fact holds for ReLu and other rectification functions in deep neural networks (DNN).
Association of obesity with pulmonary and nonpulmonary complications of pregnancy in asthmatic women.

To evaluate whether maternal obesity is associated with pulmonary and nonpulmonary pregnancy complications in asthmatic women.



This is a secondary analysis of the prospective cohort Asthma During Pregnancy Study. Asthma patients were classified as having either mild or moderate to severe disease at the beginning of the study. Rates of pulmonary complications of asthma in asthmatic women and rates of nonpulmonary complications of pregnancy among asthma patients and controls, were compared between obese (body mass index > or = 30 kg/m2) and nonobese women.



Maternal body mass index and pregnancy outcome data were available for 1,699 of 1,812 asthmatic women and for 867 of 881 controls. Of the asthma subjects, 30.7% (521) were obese compared with 25.5% of the controls, P = .006. Obese women, regardless of whether they had asthma, were more likely to undergo cesarean delivery (OR 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.3-2.0) to develop preeclampsia or gestational hypertension (OR 1.7 95% CI 1.3-2.3) and gestational diabetes (OR 4.2, 95% CI 2.8-6.3). There were no differences in the rates of overall asthma improvement (20.6% compared with 23.6%, P = .36) or deterioration (33.3% compared with 28.8%, P = .20) between obese and nonobese asthma patients. After adjustment for confounding variables, obesity, not asthma, was associated with nonpulmonary complications of pregnancy, and obesity was associated with an increase in asthma exacerbations as well (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.7).



Obesity is associated with an increased risk of asthma exacerbations during pregnancy. The increased rate of nonpulmonary complications of pregnancy in asthma patients is associated with obesity in this population and not with asthma status.
The petrology of the North Sea Drift and Upper Glacial Brick-Earths in East Anglia

The field-evidence distinguishing the Upper Glacial Brick-earths from the North Sea Drift was summarized upon p. 150 of the paper to which this is a sequel. The included boulders, colour, absence of lamination, stratigraphical relations, included masses of other beds, height above Ordnance datum and thickness, were shown to be of value as criteria. The foregoing pages deal with the petrological aspects of the two series of deposits which have been confused with one another. It is shown that the mechanical analyses of the two series are very different. This is indicated graphically  The deposits of the Norfolk coast sections are, as would be expected, very variable in grade-composition. No possibility exists, however, of confusing them with Upper Glacial Beds. The latter deposits have been confused with the Norwich Brick-earth. Mechanical analyses of a number of samples of Norwich Brick-earth from a wide area show a remarkable conformity, being characterized by a high sand-grade and low clay-grade. The Upper Glacial Brick-earths conform to two types, ( a ) that of the blue earths with a high clay-percentage, and ( b ) that of the red earths with a high silt-percentage. In either case the gradecomposition is very different from that of the Lower Glacial deposits.  The detrital mineral residues do not provide us with a means of distinguishing Upper and Lower Glacial deposits from one another. This is doubtless largely due to the facts that abundant mineral material was brought in from all sources, and that the Lower Glacial deposits in part were ploughed up, and helped to make the later glacial beds. The mineral assemblage is unsurpassed in British sediments for variety and beauty (over forty mineral species, exclusive of varieties and cementing materials, being recorded). The detrital residues are characterized by the rich colour, large size and freshness of the grains. The magnetic minerals, which are coloured, preponderate, and yield beautiful pleochroic effects. The variety is only to be expected when the mode of origin of the deposits is considered. While in most sediments minerals derived from metamorphic rocks are most abundant, in the East Anglian Drifts a considerable amount of material occurs as a result of the disintegration of igneous rocks. Among other minerals, abundant apatite, amphiboles, epidote, hypersthene, dolomite, sphene and augite were thus derived. The small compound rock-grains in the Drifts serve to distinguish the Upper from the Lower Beds. In the former, sandstone, limestone, and shale chips from British Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks are plentiful, and yield evidence, supported by the presence of erratics, of the direction of ice-flow into East Anglia. The coarse grains of the North Sea Drift consist mostly of fragments of igneous and metamorphic rocks, of lydite-pebbles, Tertiary flintchips, coprolites, chalk-pellets, and shell-fragments.