nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Translation Studies in Europe — reasons for it, and problems to work on

As a social and political context for research on translation, the European Union offers pertinent commitments to multilingualism, inclusive territorial democracy, transparent governance and the welfare state, with enough public funding to pursue these aims seriously. All these features concern translation, not only to the extent that they create social demands for translations but more importantly in that they give our research an ethical and political dimension, in addition to the demands of various markets. However, when the consequences of these commitments are compared with actual European research and public policies concerning translation, several shortcomings become apparent. The comparison suggests that future tasks for Translation Studies in Europe should include: (1) serious attention to far more than the large territorial languages; (2) enhanced exchange with neighboring disciplines, especially with scholars working on language acquisition; (3) an acceptance that translated communication should concern involvement and interaction, in addition to public information; (4) a questioning of the Western translation form as the model best suited to interactive cross-lingual governance; and (5) experimentation with technologies that stimulate citizen involvement.
Reporting of Real Option Value Related to ESG: Including Complementary Systems for Disclosure Incentives

This paper aims to consider ways of granting disclosure incentives in order for the Signaling Theory to develop and encompass the Legitimacy Theory. First, the author discusses that ESG strategies for managing stakeholder externalities create real option value that leads to corporate value creation, both as business opportunities as well as appeals to a company’s legitimacy. At the same time as making real option thinking useful for strategic decision-making by management, it is necessary to structure non-financial information disclosure for convincing optionality related to controlling externalities from the viewpoint of investors. Second, at the stage where conditions are not met for companies able to autonomously undertake management with a view to externalities, the author discusses how supplementing incentives for issuing signals regarding differentiation from other companies in the same industry relating to controlling externalities is required in the disclosure of non-financial information in statutory reporting systems. On the other hand, since the materiality of financial reporting is centered on risks and opportunities for business, disclosure regulations are required separately for material social values. Events not originally related to corporate value can create incentive for the fulfillment of accountability of companies by the mediation of “negative intangibles” through reputation.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Hastelloy X produced by HP-SLM (high power selective laser melting)

In order to increase the production rate during selective laser melting (SLM), a high power laser with a large beam diameter is used to build fully dense Hastelloy X parts. Compared to SLM with a low power and small diameter beam, the productivity was increased from 6 mm 3 /s to 16 mm 3 /s, i.e. 2.6 times faster. Besides the productivity benefit, the influence of the use of a high power laser on the rapid solidification microstructure and concomitant material properties is highlighted. The current paper compares the microstructure and tensile properties of Hastelloy X built with low and high power lasers. The use of a high power laser results in wider and shallower melt pools inducing an enhanced morphological and crystallographic texture along the building direction (BD). In addition, the increased heat input results in coarser sub-grains or high density dislocation walls for samples processed with a high power laser. Additionally, the influence of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) as a post-processing technique was evaluated. After HIP, the tensile fracture strain increased as compared to the strain in the as-built state and helped in obtaining competitive mechanical properties as compared to conventionally processed Hastelloy X parts.
LARGE MAMMALS ARE GENETICALLY LESS VARIABLE?

JAIN, S. K. 1976. The evolution of inbreeding in plants.  Some reproductive factors affecting the selection of self-fertilization in plants.  SCHEMSKE, D. W. 1983. Breeding system and habitat effects on fitness components in three neotropical Costus (Zingiberaceae).  SCHOEN, D. J. 1983. Relative fitness ofselfed and outcrossed progeny in Gilia achllleifolia (Polemoniaceae).  SCHOEN, D. J., AND D. G. LLOYD. 1985. The selection of cleistogamy and heteromorphic diaspores.  Variation and Evolution in Plants.
New phases of amorphous carbon and silicon films obtained by low energy cluster beam deposition

Since the last two decades, the physics of free clusters and assembled materials obtained from cluster deposition have opened a large field of potential applications . Molecular dynamics simulations of the thin film growth by low energy cluster beam deposition (LECBD) show that impact energy (i.e. the initial free cluster energy) is the main characteristic parameter . In the LECBD technique, the impact energy is low enough to have a “soft landing” process. Thus, the film grows by ballistic deposition of the free clusters if no rearrangement into clusters or coalescence between abutting supported clusters occurs. In the case of metallic clusters, small particles down to 2 nm diameter coalesce and the memory effect is destroyed  whereas covalent clusters present several features allowing the memory effect. Firstly, the covalent bond is highly oriented. Two abutting supported clusters can merge only if their own dangling bonds are in close direction. Secondly, the bond energy is high enough to avoid a large reconstruction because the break between two bonds cost appreciable energy. Thirdly, the equilibrium shape of the clusters present a large proportion of five-fold rings (see for example C 60 having an I h symmetry). Since the five-fold axis is not compatible with the translation symmetry, the film growth presents a large void component as in pure ballistic deposition. To study the specific properties of these new materials, we have deposited carbon and silicon clusters produced in a laser vaporization source. The properties of the films are studied using several techniques (Raman spectroscopy, XPS, EXAFS, etc.).
African sculpture speaks

Historian and collector Ladislas Segy approaches African art from several different but interrelated perspectives, considering sculptures first as products of a distinct African culture, then as high-quality works of art. Seeking to bring the African carver's work within the scope of the Western observer, Segy stresses the need for appraising African art within its own context, suspending established procedures for art appreciation and viewing the object as it actually is, not as we think it is or should be. Bringing to bear the disciplines of aesthetics, anthropology, psychology, and phenomenology, Segy shows how the deep-seated magico-religious beliefs of the tribal carver creates such a powerful emotional tension in the work that the viewer can recapture that emotion and identify it as part of his own experience. Originally published in 1952revised and enlarged over the yearsAfrican Sculpture Speaks is now in its fourth edition. A systematic style guide analyzes the characteristic features of the different styles of tribal sculpture, and a special chapter for the collector tells how to buy and care for African art. Segy also discusses the styles of the main sculpture-producing tribes in East and South Africa. Included are maps, a bibliography, a list of illustrations, and an index.
Doing Feminist Research in Political and Social Science

Planning, Doing and Presenting Your Research Question-Driven Research: Formulating a Good Question Theory and Conceptualization including the Literature Review The Personal and the Political: Constraints and Opportunities of Research Design Designing and Timing a Research Project Sampling Cases, Operationalizing Concepts and Variables and Selecting Data Requirements Generating and Collecting Data Common Techniques for Analysis Structured Inquiry Research Designs Methods for Data Management and Field Research Writing and Publishing  Feminist Research Ethic, Review, and Evaluation
Changes in detrital garnet assemblages related to transpressive uplifting associated with strike–slip faulting: An example from the Cretaceous System in Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan

The chemical characteristics of detrital garnet have served as relatively reliable and definitive indicators of the major tectonic settings of sedimentary units in many parts of the world. In Southwest Japan a multidisciplinary approach combining sandstone modal, heavy mineral and garnet compositional analyses of the Cretaceous upper continental slope to trench deposits of the Kurosegawa and Shimanto belts combined with a comparison of the detrital garnet features in and around Kii Peninsula revealed the following characteristics. The garnet assemblages show significant changes with age. The Lower Cretaceous Yuasa Formation is characterized by pyrope-rich almandine garnets derived from granulite-facies metamorphic rocks. These are associated with garnet grains that have pyrope–almandine compositions and high grossular contents suggesting an eclogite-origin. Garnet assemblages of the lower Upper Cretaceous Yukawa Formation are dominated by grains with chemical characteristics indicating an origin as low P / T type metamorphic rocks. There are also spessartine–almandine garnets derived from acidic igneous rocks, some with a high P / T type metamorphic origin and others with a grandite composition. Garnet assemblages of the upper Upper Cretaceous Miyama Formation are similar to those of the Yukawa Formation, with the exception that grandite garnets are absent. The above compositional changes of garnets in the deposits allow us to characterize the corresponding provenances and by combining these results with stratigraphic ages temporal changes of these provenances can also be determined. The source area for the granulite- facies metamorphic rocks that continuously supplied detritus throughout the Cretaceous might be Precambrian continental basement in East Asia. In early Late Cretaceous time, the detritus was derived from terranes distributed along the Median Tectonic Line, a major strike–slip fault stretching throughout Southwest Japan. The garnet compositions suggest the source area included eclogite in the Kurosegawa belt that forms the basement to the Cretaceous strata, and the low P / T type metamorphic rocks and granitic rocks in the Paleo-Ryoke belt including the Higo belt. Studies of the Miyama Formation show that at this time widespread acidic volcanism began and this was the source for much of the volcanic sediment in the formation. The provenance change between the Lower and lower Upper Cretaceous Formations is likely to have been caused by uplifting and unroofing associated with Cretaceous transpression expressed by the strike–slip movement along the Median Tectonic Line and other lateral faults in the Chichibu belt.
Engineering Design For Human Needs: Expanding The Scope Of Engineering Senior Design

The culminating design experience in engineering curricula is usually intended to provide a framework within which the emerging engineer can draw upon an acquired base of knowledge in his or her discipline to solve an open ended problem in that discipline or in a multidisciplinary context requiring contributions from that discipline. In this paper, we show how the culminating design experience can be framed so as to expand the scope of its contribution in the education of engineering students. We describe a pedagogical framework within which educational outcomes associated with multidisciplinary activity, legal, ethical, and professional responsibilities, and the impact of engineering solutions on society can be emphasized. Drawing upon student experiences in design of systems for use by persons with developmental or cognitive disabilities, for persons studying human skeletal structures, and for persons with certain neurological dysfunction, this paper also identifies and illustrates ways of leading students to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a broader social context.
Chapter 6.1 Paleoarchean Gneisses in the Minnesota River Valley and Northern Michigan, USA

Publisher Summary This chapter elaborates the Paleoarchean gneisses in the Minnesota river valley and northern Michigan, USA. Meso- to Paleoarchean gneisses occur along the southern margin of the Neoarchean Superior Craton. The most extensive exposure of these rocks is in the Minnesota River Valley (MRV) of southwestern Minnesota, but there are also exposures in northern Michigan. Aeromagnetic mapping of southwestern Minnesota, and detailed gravity and magnetic modeling within the MRV have delineated four crustal blocks in the MRV that are bounded by three east-northeast-trending geophysical anomalies that roughly parallel the Morris fault segment. Most of the work in the MRV has concentrated on exposures in the Montevideo block and the Morton block, which are separated by the Yellow Medicine shear zone. The data indicate that major common tectonothermal events, recognized in the zircon geochronology, occurred in both the Morton and the Montevideo blocks. A mafic intrusion in the granite gneiss at Granite Falls has a well-constrained age of 3140 Ma, indicating another intrusive magmatic event at that time, and zircon overgrowths of this age are also seen in zircons from the Morton Gneiss.
The Environmental Kuznets Curve, environmental protection policy and income distribution

The effect of economic growth on pollution emissions differs substantially among high-income countries. I address this issue by analyzing public environmental policy decisions. Individual heterogeneity, relative income effect and the political framework in which policy decisions are taken determine the emergence of the downward sloping segment of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Income inequality produces a gap between the country’s ability to pay for environmental protection and a country’s willingness to pay. I test this result by using OECD data on public R&D expenditure for environmental protection. The conclusion is that contrary to the EK hypothesis, moments of the income distribution function other than the mean may be important for the emergence of a virtuous path of sustainable growth in high-income countries.
TEM Study of Carbon Nanocrystals Grown in the Process of Low-Temperature CVD Synthesis of Tungsten Carbides

The paper reports on the study of carbon nanocrystals formed in the process of low-temperature CVD synthesis of tungsten carbide coatings in WF6, C3H8, H2 gas reagents. The morphology and structure of observed nanocrystals were studied by the method of transmission electron microscopy. Carbon nanoparticles and nanotubes (sometimes filled by Ni or iron fluorides) were found in deposits formed on Ni or stainless steel substrates. In the latter case nanocrystalline whiskers of cubic carbon (Pm3m) were also observed.
Geophysical Evidence through a CSAMT Survey of the Deep Geological Structure at a Potential Radioactive Waste Site at Beishan, Gansu, China

This paper describes a controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics (CSAMT) survey conducted in August 2009 over a potential high-level radioactive waste (HLRW) disposal site in northwestern China. The site is primarily covered with well-developed metamorphic rocks. The purpose of the CSAMT survey was to map the outcropped faults to depth and identify any hidden faults or weakened zone in the subsurface. The site is located in the arid Beishan area, Gansu Province. Substantial challenges were encountered in acquiring quality electrical field data because of the highly resistive ground. Satisfactory electrode contact conditions were generally maintained by applying salt-saturated water to both the transmitting electrodes and the receiving electrodes. The excitation frequency ranges from 9,600 Hz to 1 Hz with a target depth of investigation of 1,000 m. The CSAMT data were processed in several steps. Low-pass filtering was applied to remove the static effect caused by the local electrical inhomogeneities near the ground surface. An optimum filter length was found through experiment to yield the maximum static effect reduction. The pre-processed data are inverted for geoelectrical cross sections using a 2-D inversion method. Inversion artifacts were suppressed by imposing a model smoothness constraint. The inversion reveals several important results. First, the inversion cross sections correctly recognized the fractures and deformation bands mapped at the surface. The cross sections also identified four new faults that were not observed in the geological survey. The inversion profiles suggested that the narrow factures and deformation bands observed along survey line 1 extend to a great depth. The profile helped identify a possible weak mineralization zone along survey line 2. Considering the regional tectonic stress direction, the lower resistivity zone suggests that the faults parallel to survey line 2 are subject to an extensional or transtensional force that produces a broad and broken alteration zone. Although subject to further drilling confirmation, these interpretation results greatly enhance the understanding of the deep geological hazards at the Beishan site.
Dynamic scenario-based approach to re-engineering of legacy telecommunication software

Large amounts of legacy software create a “barrier” for adoption of formal description techniques in the telecommunication industry. To overcome this barrier, algorithms and methods for automated re-engineering of legacy telecommunication software into formal specifications are required. 
 
In this paper we present a “dynamic scenario-based” approach to re-engineering of legacy telecommunication software into SDL specifications. Our approach is iterative and is based on 1) dynamically deriving scenarios from the legacy software and 2) automatically synthesizing an SDL model from these scenarios. For the latter purpose we use the Moscow Synthesizer Tool (MOST-SDL) which is capable of synthesizing an SDL-92 model from a set of extended Message Sequence Charts (MSC). The paper provides detailed descriptions of our re-engineering methodology, emphasizing dynamically deriving both conformance and functional scenarios from legacy. A case study is discussed where our dynamic scenario-based methodology was applied to re-engineer a small-sized telecommunications-like software system, called the ToolExchange.
An assessment of systems and software engineering scholars and institutions (1997-2001)

This paper presents the findings of a five-year study of the top scholars and institutions in the systems and software engineering field, as measured by the quantity of papers published in the journals of the field. The top scholar is Richard Lai of LaTrobe University in Australia, and the top institution is Carnegie Mellon University and its Software Engineering Institute. The paper lists the top 15 scholars and institutions.
ANTIGONE AS FIGURE

AbstractDrawing on Lacoue-Labarthe's deconstruction of Oedipus as a figure of both desire and work in his tragic pursuit of knowledge, this paper maps Lacan's radical reorientation of the philosophical categories of desire, work, and knowledge in his theory of the four discourses. While all four discourses constitute libidinal and political economies, only the hysteric's discourse entails both the desire for and the production of knowledge – particularly mythical knowledge with its impossible truth of sexual difference. Returning to Sophocles' Antigone in light of Seminar XVII, I argue that if Antigone has all but replaced Oedipus as a figure for modern subjectivity it is because she, like the hysteric, is a figure of not only desire but work under capitalism.
A Geotectonic Model of the Svecofennidic Orogeny

The nowadays generally accepted history of the Archaean Svecofennidic orogeny seems to fit very well into a cyclic pattern with four cycles. Each cycle begins with the eruption of acid rocks and ends with basic ones. As an explanation of this cyclic development mobilisation, or melting in the border region between the sial and the underlying basic layer or mantle is proposed. The acid mobilised rock or magma, being lighter than the underlying basic one, prevents the latter from moving upwards in the crust until almost all acid magma has left the magma chamber. The result of this is the observed sequence of eruption beginning with acid rocks and ending with basic ones. The strong movements during the first folding phase of the orogeny, however, mix to some extent the acid and basic magmas forming the calc-alkaline suite of eruptive rocks. This cycle begins with basic intrusions and is followed by acid ones because the basic magmas move faster than the acid ones owing to their lower viscosity. At t...
Diffusion-bonded metal materials

FIELD: technological processes.  use for diffusion bonding of metal particles. Summary of the invention consists in that the method for diffusion bonding of metallic materials includes: application of ZrH 2 nanoparticles (106) to a first metallic material and performing a diffusion bonding operation to bond the first metallic material to the second metallic material, wherein at least one of the first metallic material or the second metallic material comprises a surface oxide layer, and during the diffusion bonding operation of the ZrH 2 nanoparticle enter into a chemical reaction with a layer of surface oxide.  ensured possibility of diffusion bonding of metal particles. 16 cl, 4 dwg
MINERAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BASALTS IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF GIZA, EGYPT

The Sixth of October and El-Haddadine Basalts lie to the west of Cairo, in the neighbourhood of Giza, and occur as lava flows and volcanic cones associated with the initial (Early Miocene) stages of the opening of the Red Sea. On the basis of mineral and whole rock chemistry they are classified as quartz tholeiites, derived from a heterogeneous upper mantle source with a low degree of melting. The heterogeneity probably was caused by interaction of the mantle with a kimberlite melt.
Electromagnetics: Industrial demand spawns a `renaissance¿ in an established discipline

An upsurge in demand throughout the United States for engineers specializing in electromagnetics is putting heavy pressure on universities and industry to expand educational programs in this area. The Hughes Aircraft Co. in El Segundo, Calif., alone says it needs more than 120 such engineers this year and a similar number next year. And on the East Coast, the Raytheon Co. of Bedford, Mass., is planning to recruit scores of microwave specialists in the next few years.