nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Personal View on the Samenes historie fram til 1750 by Lars Ivar Hansen and Bjørnar Olsen

Samenes historie fram til 1750 offers a good illustration of the transformation that the scholarly interest in the Sami underwent during the last quarter of the 20th century. An archaeologist and a historian show how cooperation of two different methodologies of studying the past brings new insights, opens new perspectives and helps to view the past in its complexity. The reader is shown that in the quickly changing world the Sami appeared as dynamic as their neighbors and able to adopt new developments and adjust their strategies. The book surely deserves a serious professional debate of the past of the non‐Germanic inhabitants of the Nordic part of Europe. Their history remains generally unknown to European scholars, which is not surprising since it remains rather unknown to most Scandinavian scholars.
Coleridge, the French Revolution and 'The Ancient Mariner': Collective Guilt and Individual Salvation

S. T. Coleridge's 'The Rime of Ancient Mariner' was written against the background of the collapse of the poet's hopes for the improvement of mankind by political action, the ultimate failure of the French Revolution to distinguish itself from its oppressive Bourbon predecessors. The contribution of Coleridge's political beliefs to this poem has never been fully appreciated. Certainly 'The Ancient Mariner' has none of the political allusions which stud the contemporaneous 'France: an Ode' or 'Fears in Solitude' and this has led most critics to concur with E. M. W. Tillyard that the poem exhibits 'a total lack of politics'.' Yet given the circumstances which gave rise to 'The Ancient Mariner', this very absence of political content is itself political. As Carl Woodring puts it, if Coleridge's supernatural poems are poems of escape, 'politics form a large part of what they escaped from'.2 The importance of the French Revolution to 'The Ancient Mariner' can be seen in Coleridge's obsession with that other poet and disillusioned supporter of revolution, John Milton. During 1795-96 he fills the Gutch memorandum notebook with allusions and references to Toland's edition of Milton's prose works of 1698.3 Coleridge had Milton's career very much in mind when writing 'The Ancient Mariner'. Like himself, the poet of Paradise Lost had witnessed the complete wreck of his own hopes for a regenerated nation. In March 1819 Coleridge delivered a lecture on Milton and Paradise Lost which tells us a great deal about his own state of mind. Milton was: '. as every truly great poet has ever been, a good man; but finding it impossible to realize his own aspirations, either in religion or politics, or society, he gave up his heart to the living spirit and light within him, and avenged himself on the world by enriching it with this record of his own transcendent ideal'.4 Although ultimately Coleridge hoped that his own vengeance would be
Gender, Class, and Flexible Aspirations at the Edge of India's Knowledge Economy

This article examines the ways in which ideologies of aspiration, inclusion, and women’s empowerment associated with India’s globalizing knowledge economy are re-framed by young women workers in a small-town business-process outsourcing (BPO) center two hours outside of Bangalore. Drawing on forty in-depth interviews, I show that, in contrast to their managers’ expectations of individualized work aspirations, women workers draw on both individualistic and domestically embedded articulations of the future in a formulation I call “flexible aspirations.” In articulating flexible aspirations, they draw both on the gendered language of neoliberal self-improvement for the global economy and on the nationalist ideal of rural middle-class feminine domesticity. While insisting that the future is uncertain, young women use flexible aspirations as a symbolic resource to distinguish themselves from both old-fashioned village housewives and promiscuous urban call center girls. I briefly compare these flexible aspirations to young men workers’ strategic articulations of aspiration, which, rather than relinquishing hopes to an unpredictable future, adjust plans to fit known social limitations. This article, drawing on feminist interpretations of Bourdieu, extends the literature on the Indian middle classes by analyzing young women’s aspirations in non-elite social locations. It builds on this feminist scholarship by highlighting ways in which young women use articulations of flexible aspiration as a mode of gendered class distinction.
Coordination, Rent-Seeking and Control

Two agents want to coordinate their decisions but may also try to extract rents from each other. Decsions are negotiated at the interim stage, when the agents have private information. The agent who owns an asset has the right to make a unilateral decision regarding this asset, so negotiations must satisfy a participation constraint. We compare nonintegration, where each agent owns one asset, with integration, where one agent owns both assets. We derive simple necessary and suffi cient conditions for the first best to be implemented with integration or nonintegration. These conditions can never be satisfied simultaneously, so integration sometimes dominates nonintegration and vice versa.
A Conjecture on the Error Bound of the Barycenter Heuristic

We reconsider the error bound calculations of the barycenter heuristic for drawing bipartite graphs with as few edge crossings as possible. We conjecture that, contrary to earlier results, the relative error done by the barycenter heuristic is bounded, provided that some natural assumptions are made. This result would explain why the barycenter heuristic performs so well in practice.
The Refugee’s Body of Knowledge: Storytelling and Silence in the work of Francisco-Fernando Granados

This paper begins by considering the negative implications of recent amendments to the refugee certification process in Canada. It foregrounds the waning impor- tance of narrative in that process and then asks what is lost when refugees are denied the opportunity to tell their stories in meaningful and politically expedient forums. The second half of the article attempts to answer that question by draw- ing on the scholarship and artistic practice of Francisco-Fernando Granados, a Guatemalan-Canadian performance artist and refugee whose work seeks to expand the kinds of stories refugees are invited to tell, whether in the courtroom, on the stage, or on the page.
Functional and structural analysis of catalase oxidized by singlet oxygen.

Purified catalase-1 (CAT-1) from Neurospora crassa asexual spores is oxidized by singlet oxygen giving rise to active enzyme forms with different electrophoretic mobility. These enzyme forms are detected in vivo under stress conditions and during development at the start of the asexual morphogenetic transitions. CAT-1 heme b is oxidized to heme d by singlet oxygen. Here, we describe functional and structural comparisons of the non-oxidized enzyme with the fully oxidized one. Using a broad H(2)O(2) concentration range (0.01-3.0 M), non-hyperbolic saturation kinetics was found in both enzymes, indicating that kinetic complexity does not arise from heme oxidation. The kinetics was consistent with the existence of two kinds of active sites differing more than 10-times in substrate affinity. Positive cooperativity for one or both of the saturation curves is possible. Kinetic constants obtained at 22 degrees C varied slightly and apparent activation energies for the reaction of both components are not significantly different. Protein fluorescence and circular dicroism of the two enzymes were nearly identical, indicating no gross conformational change with oxidation. Increased sensitivity to inhibition by cyanide indicated a local change at the active site in the oxidized catalase. Oxidized catalase was less resistant to high temperatures, high guanidinium ion concentration, and digestion with subtilisin. It was also less stable than the non-oxidized enzyme at an acid pH. The overall data show that the oxidized enzyme is structurally different from the non-oxidized one, although it conserves most of the remarkable stability and catalytic efficiency of the non-oxidized enzyme. Because the enzyme in the cell can be oxidized under physiological conditions, preservation of functional and structural properties of catalase could have been selected through evolution to assure an active enzyme under oxidative stress conditions.
A Natural Axiomatization of Church's Thesis

The Abstract State Machine Thesis asserts that every classical algorithm is behaviorally equivalent to an abstract state machine. This thesis has been shown to follow from three natural postulates about algorithmic computation. Here, we prove that augmenting those postulates with an additional requirement regarding basic operations implies Church’s Thesis, namely, that the only numeric functions that can be calculated by effective means are the recursive ones (which are the same, extensionally, as the Turing-computable numeric functions). In particular, this gives a natural axiomatization of Church’s Thesis, as Godel and others suggested may be possible. We can write down some axioms about computable functions which most people would agree are evidently true. It might be possible to prove Church’s Thesis from such axioms. —Joseph Shoenfield (1993)
A comparative study of the growth dynamics and tribological properties of nanocrystalline diamond films deposited on the (110) single crystal diamond and Si(100) substrates

Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films were grown on the High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) (110) single crystal (SC) diamond substrates by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPCVD) in methane/hydrogen/nitrogen plasma. The thickness of the films was varied between 2.2 and 22.5 μm. The cauliflower-like surface morphology was observed by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The scaling behavior of NCD films growth was investigated. The relatively high value of the roughness exponent α s  = 1.5–1.6 was found indicating anomalous scaling. Therefore, shadowing and diffusional instabilities can affect the film growth. The tribological properties of the NCD films deposited on the SC(110) diamond were compared with the NCD films prepared on the Si(100) substrates. Both types of specimens were tested under similar Hertzian contact pressure. The lower wear volume losses were observed on the NCD/SC(110) specimens. Therefore, the influence of substrate and substrate/film interface properties on the tribological behavior of the NCD films grown on Si(100) can be expected to cause NCD films deflection.
[논문] 비용최소화를 고려한 공공기관의 입지모형

This study aims to develop an optimal location model for a public facility in attempt to minimize the total social cost. The model is developed by a modification of Koopmans-Beckmann's quadratic location-allocation model. In the model, an accessibility for the public facility and characteristics of public services of the provincial office are mainly concerned. For an application, the relocation of Chungnam provincial office is considered. According to the property of the model, the optimal location of the public facility is the place where the total transport cost is minimized. Consequently, if accessibility only is considered, the optimal location of Chungnam Provincial office is Cheon-an. If the characteristics of public services are considered so that number of visits of population and business entities are counted in the model, the optimal location of Chungnam provincial office is Cheon-an. Since the administrative city of Korea will be located in Chungnam province near future, we developed a model which explains the effects of the location of this city. With several simulations, we found that the optimal location of Chungnam provincial office would be changed as the weights of the location of the administrative city. If the weights of the location of this city is concerned, Ye-san is the optimal location of Chungnam provincial office.
Brain death and personal existence: a reply to Green and Wikler.

It has been argued that neither the biological or the moral justifications commonly given for adoption of brain-death criteria are adequate; and that the only argument that succeeds is an ontological justification based on the fact that one's personal identity terminates with the death of one's brain. But a more satisfactory ontological approach analyzes brain death in terms of the existence of a person in connection with a body, not personal identity. The personal-existence justification does not supplant the usual biological and moral arguments, but acts in concert with them.
Strategy and history : essays on theory and practice

Holding the Strategy Bridge Part 1: Strategy, Strategic Studies, and History 1. Across the Nuclear Divide - Strategic Studies, Past and Present (1977) 2. New Directions for Strategic Studies?  (1992) 3. History for Strategists: British Seapower as a Relevant Past (1994) 4. Why Strategy is Difficult (1999) 5. From Principles of Warfare to Principles of War (2005) Part 2: Strategic Issues 6. Nuclear Strategy: The Case for a Theory of Victory (1979) 7. The Revolution in Military Affairs (1998) 8. Arms Control Does Not Control Arms (1993) Part 3: Geography, Culture, Ethics 9. Geography and Grand Strategy (1991) 10. Strategic Culture as Context: The First Generation of Theory Strikes Back (1999) 11. Force, Order, and Justice: The Ethics of Realism in Statecraft (1993) Part 4: War and the Future 12. What is War? A View from Strategic Studies (2005)
Upper bound on the WR mass in automatically R-conserving supersymmetric models.

We show that in automatically R-conserving minimal SUSY left-right symmetric models there is a theoretical upper limit on the mass of the right-handed $W_R$ boson given by $M_{W_R}\leq g M_{SUSY}/f$, where $M_{SUSY}$ is the scale of supersymmetry breaking, g is the weak gauge coupling and $f$ is the Yukawa coupling responsible for generating the right-handed neutrino masses. If $M_{W_R}$ violates the above limit, the ground state of the theory breaks electromagnetism. The only way to avoid this bound while keeping the theory automatically R-conserving is to expand the theory to include very specific kinds of additional multiplets and demanding unnatural finetuning of their couplings.
Health Capital as a Strategic Component of Russian Economic Security

The paper presents the theoretical and methodological aspects of health capital formation as a component of economic security of the territory. The tendencies of health capital development in connection with social and economic trends of modern Russian development are analyzed. The authors offer some ways of improving the methodological approach, namely application of Keynes’s concept of uncertainty about the economic future. The formula of calculation of health potential depending on a number of factors, determining the character of health capital consumption, is suggested.  10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n28p22
Holocene sediments and vertical tectonic downwarping near Wairoa, Northern Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Depositional environments for Holocene terrestrial, estuarine, and marine sediments on the Wairoa River floodplain at Wairoa and coastal plain east of Wairoa, were determined from an analysis of stratigraphy, lithologies, and diatom assemblages obtained from auger holes and foundation and water-well drillholes. The sediments were deposited during the postglacial sea-level rise which started sometime prior to c. 9200 years ago and ended at c. 4000 years ago, when the shoreline was at least 2 km landward of the present position, and a ria-like morphology had developed at the innermost edge of the present-day coastal plain. The postglacial marine sediments usually occur slightly below the present sea level (down to -4 m a.m.s.l.) indicating net tectonic subsidence during the Holocene. Other evidence suggests that this tectonic subsidence may extend back into the middle Pleistocene.
Beyond Queer: An Epistemology of Bi Choice

This article offers a reimagining of identity, marriage and family that are grounded in the lived experience of Stephanie, a Malaysian bisexual woman and mother. Her narrative, generated through an in-depth interview, is part of a larger study that explores the ways in which gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgendered, queer (GLBTQ) persons in same-sex partnerships experience ‘marriage’ and how they negotiate the tension between their sexuality and religiosity or spirituality, the author also shows the extent to which Stephanie's sexuality is spiritualized and her spirituality, sexualized as a Tibetan Buddhist. Through a qualitative analysis of Stephanie's narrative (i.e., interview transcript), the author shows how her orientation, self-identification as a bisexual woman and the process of becoming bisexual is supported by, yet departs from, the binary of heterosexual privilege of entitlement/bisexual privilege of choice. In the next section of the article, the author shows the ways in which Stephanie's claim ...
Of Women, Men, and Divorce: Not by Economics Alone

The authors "present an empirical exploration of the determinants of marital dissolution which begins with variables found in economic models but also incorporates at least one non-economic factor religion. This enables us both to examine to what extent this variable adds to the explanatory power of the model and also how it interacts with some of the economic variables. Such evidence lends credence to the view that norms also influence marital behavior." The geographical focus is on the United States.
ФІНАНСОВА БЕЗПЕКА ДЕРЖАВИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇЇ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ

The article presents the interpretation of the term "financial security", from different points of view of many scientists. Indicated the composition of financial security, including budget, monetary, monetary and credit, debt security, security of the insurance market and the security of the stock market. Given a mechanism of ensure of the financial security of the country, consisting of elements,  of the providing system and levels.  Discloses the directions of activity of the state to provide of financial security of the country, namely, finding cases of deviation of actual or projected parameters of the threshold values, the organization of work on the implementation of measures to prevent or eliminate the appearance of threats to financial security, examination of decisions made on financial issues from a position of financial security country evaluation of the effectiveness of preventing possible damage from adverse effects on the objects of financial security. Proposed system of measures to strengthen the financial security of Ukraine (regulation of the insurance market, improving monetary policy, improved currency policy, regulation of the stock market, the regulation of corporate relations, reform of the budget system).
VARIABILITY WITHIN THE THEOLOGICAL CONCEPT OF BEHAVIOR OF THE BELIEFS-ABOUT-BEHAVIOR INVENTORY

The Beliefs-About-Behavior Inventory, designed to identify 3 concepts about behavior as theological, illness, psychological, was administered to 116 religious professionals, including Protestant seminarians, Roman Catholic priests and nuns, and pastoral counselors. Wide variability was discovered within these theological groups and between these groups and the original criterion groups. When groups were combined and then divided in terms of liberal-conservative categories, the theological scale differentiated better, suggesting that the theological scale may be biased toward a particular type of theological way of thinking (conservative) rather than a general theological cognitive style per se. Several possible explanations for the variability are suggested.
Dramatic Changes in the Solubilities of Ions Induced by Ligand Addition in Biphasic System D2O/DNO3//[C1C4im][Tf2N]: A Phenomenological Study.

The solubilities of C1C4im(+) and Tf2N(-) in nitric aqueous phases have been measured for several ligand types and concentrations (0.04 M tributylphosphine oxide, 0.05 M N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dibutylmalonamide, 0.10 M 1-methyl-3-[4-(dibutylphosphinoyl)butyl]-3H-imidazol-1-ium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imidate, and 1.1 M N,N-dihexyloctanamide). The data evidence a significant difference between the solubilities of the cations and anions of the ionic liquid as a consequence of several ion-exchange and/or ion-pairing mechanisms involving all ions present in the system as well as the protonation/nitric-extraction ability of the ligand.
Topology of space at sub-quark level and masses of quarks and leptons

The global shape (topology) of the Universe is not derivable from General Relativity but should be determined by observations. Here we propose a method for estimation of this shape using patterns of fundamental physical parameters, for example the spectrum of fermion masses. We suppose that this pattern might appear because of specific topology at sub-quark level. We restrict ourselves to the analysis of a topological object described by F.Klein in 1882 and show that its properties could give rise to structures reproducing three families of leptons and quarks.
RESOURCE REDEPLOYMENT FOLLOWING HORIZONTAL ACQUISITIONS IN EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA, 1988-1992

This paper studies redeployment of resources between target and acquiring businesses following horizontal acquisitions. The analysis draws from perspectives that emphasize the strategic importance of resources that are subject to market failure. We define a five-part typology of R&D, manufacturing, marketing, managerial, and financial resources. We show that targets and acquirers frequently redeploy resources following horizontal acquisitions, especially resources that frequently face market failure. We then show that the magnitude of redeployment of each type of resource increases with the asymmetry of the merging businesses' relative strength on the resource dimension. The research stresses evolutionary perspectives on business organizations that emphasize the importance of organizational differences in competitive markets. The central premise of our research is that the market for businesses is often more robust than the market for resources
On Harrell-Stubbe Type Inequalities for the Discrete Spectrum of a Self-Adjoint Operator

We produce a new proof and extend results by Harrell and Stubbe for the discrete spectrum of a self-adjoint operator. An abstract approach--based on commutator algebra, the Rayleigh-Ritz principle, and an ``optimal'' usage of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality--is used to produce ``parameter-free'', ``projection-free'' versions of their theorems. We also analyze the strength of the various inequalities that ensue. The results contain classical bounds for the eigenvalues. Extensions of a variety of inequalities \`a la Harrell-Stubbe are illustrated for both geometric and physical problems.
Public education in a multicultural society: TEACHING LITERATURE

Part I. Introduction and Critique: 1. Multicultural education: concepts, policies and controversies ROBERT K. FULLINWIDER 2. Antiracist civic education in the California history-social science framework LAWRENCE A. BLUM 3. A conflict of visions: multiculturalism and the social studies GILBERT T. SEWALL Part II. Culture and Identity: 4. Culture, subculture, multiculturalism: education options K. ANTHONY APPIAH 5. Multiculturalism and melange JEREMY WALDRON Part III. Relativism, reason, and public education: 6. Locke and multiculturalism: toleration, relativism, and reason SUSAN KHIN ZAW 7. Challenges of multiculturalism in democratic education AMY GUTMANN Part IV.  8. Multiculturalism and history: historical perspectives and present prospects GARY B. NASH 9. Patriotic history ROBERT K. FULLINWIDER Part V. Teaching Literature: 10. Multicultural literature and civic education: a problematic relationship with possibilities SANDRA STOTSKY 11. Teaching American literary history ARTHUR EVENCHIK.