nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for successful percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation.

In sacral as well as tibial nerve stimulation test stimulation is the main prognostic factor for success. In our study we tried to identify prognostic patient characteristics to improve patient selection for neuromodulation therapy.



PTNS was applied to 132 patients in 8 study centers (51 men, 81 women, mean age of 53 years (range: 21-82)). 83 patients were treated for overactive bladder, 16 for non-obstructive urinary retention and 33 for chronic pelvic pain. All patients had to fill out micturition or pain diaries, as well as quality of life questionnaires before and after treatment. Patient characteristics were evaluated for their prognostic value for successful outcome of neuromodulation therapy with use of logistic regression.



Objective success was seen in 32.6% of patients, subjective success in 51.5%. Most evaluated clinical parameters proved not to be of prognostic value. A history of sexual and/or physical abuse was found in 12 of 103 interviewed patients, but did not alter PTNS treatment outcome. However, a low total score at baseline in the SF-36 questionnaire proved to be predictive for not obtaining objective (OR 0.444 [95% CI: 0.198-0.996], p = 0.04) or subjective success (OR 0.424 [CI: 0.203-0.887], p = 0.02). Especially patients with a low SF-36 Mental Component Summary were prone to fail neuromodulation therapy: OR 0.123 (95% CI: 0.273-0.552), p = 0.006 for objective success. These patients also scored worse on disease-specific quality of life questionnaires, although they had no different disease severity compared to patients with good mental health.



Bad mental health as measured with the SF-36 Mental Component Summary does not depend on symptom severity and is a negative predictive factor for success of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation. It therefore might be used as a tool for better patient selection in neuromodulation therapy.
Some good days, some low days: experiences of disability in academic workplaces

This paper reflects upon research with 75 geographers and earth/environmental scientists who describe themselves as having a ‘disabling’ physical or mental condition. Through their often deeply-moving accounts, these respondents articulated something of the affective experience of living with mind-body-emotional-difference in the context of academic workplaces/careers. Broadly, two kinds of experience recurred in these accounts. For some respondents (typically those with sensory or mobility impairments) the experience or onset of ‘disability’ sparked impassioned activist dispositions and politicised work to transform academic practices, workplaces, institutions and disciplines. However, for others (typically those with ‘mental health’ conditions), experiences of ‘ill-health’ were described in terms of anxiety, loss, distress, failure and an anticipatory sense of the impossibility of disclosing their condition within their workplace and discipline. In this paper, we trace some ways in which such different experiences are distributed across, and afforded by, the diverse sites, practices, norms and subtle everyday interactions of contemporary academic workplaces/careers
Investor Protection and Equity Markets

Techniques for ephemeral message are described. In one embodiment, an apparatus may comprise a delayed-action worker module operative to wake according to a wake timer; determine a current update object for a delayed-action cursor for a recipient update queue for a messaging system, the delayed-action cursor associated with an action delay for the recipient update queue; determine a delayed-action activity for the current update object; perform the delay-action activity for the current update object; determine a next update object for the delayed-action cursor for the recipient update queue; and determine a next wake timer for the delayed-action worker module based on the action delay and a creation time for the next update object. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
Notice of RetractionHuman resource management practices and their impact on firm performance in China

Business management has undergone great changes, HRM practices also change and face new challenges in China. The paper firstly explores the changes of HRM practices in China enterprises during transitional economy and analyzes the major factors that influence HRM practices. The empirical research on relationship between HRM practices and firm performance shows the active relations between the two; and then it figures out the “best practices” of HRM in China's firms. At last, it discusses the tendency and framework of future researches in this field.
Three-dimensional (3D) modeling generation and provision system based on user-based conditions

The present invention relates to a system for generating and providing a three-dimensional (3D) modeling according to a user-based condition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system for generating and providing a 3D modeling according to a user-based condition which can reduce data waste and a time by dynamically providing existing established high precision 3D modeling data as customized modeling data optimized for cultural genres through a database, provides various supplementary service of spatial culture content, and has various application expandability to research and development fields requiring real environment construction including education, psychiatry, and psychotherapy such as experiential learning as well as general cultural content such as a movie and a game. The system for generating and providing a 3D modeling according to a user-based condition comprises: a 3D GIS data store (100); and a data format conversion part (200).
Report from the 3rd International Symposium on Software Engineering Course Projects (SWECP 2006)

This paper reports on the activities and results from the 3rd International Symposium on Software Engineering Course Projects (SWECP 2006), which was held on October 19, 2006 in Toronto, Canada as part of the IBM CASCON 2006 conference. The symposium explored how educators, students, and industry can work together to develop a more rewarding educational experience for all stakeholders involved in the context of senior design classes and team-based course projects. Several key topics were discussed at the symposium, including team dynamics, the choice of software development process, and the role of advanced software engineering tools in design project courses. SWECP 2006 was a sequel to the workshops that were held in 2002 and 2005.
Note on Chern-Simons solitons.

We consider an enlarged model containing both the Maxwell and Chern-Simons terms, which was recently shown to present self-dual solitons. Some comments on the very specific form of the potential for self-duality to apply are introduced. We also investigate some systems in which the Maxwell term is absent from the gauge field action. In particular, we calculate the first corrections to the energy of the Chern-Simons solitons near the self-dual point.
A protocol-contract for opioid use in patients with chronic pain not due to malignancy.

The legal, psychosocial, and medical factors that we believe have contributed to the success of our protocol-contract in prescribing opioids to patients with chronic pain not due to malignancy are outlined. These factors may be applicable to the treatment of a variety of chronic nonmalignant pain syndromes such as postherpetic neuralgia or human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The intended target audience of this paper is the physician (primary care, chronic pain specialist) who is involved in prescribing opioids for the treatment of chronic, nonmalignant pain.
Mantle exhumation and lithospheric spreading: An historical perspective from investigations in the Oceans and in the Alps-Apennines ophiolites

This historical perspective provides an overall view of the main steps that led to the acceptance of the concept of mantle exhumation accompanying lithosphere stretching and extreme crustal thinning. We first remember that the presence of exposures of mantle rocks along oceanic spreading ridges was early reported in the 60's due to the results of sediment cores and dredge hauls collected along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. In the meantime, detailed analysis of the relationships between oceanic sediments of Late Jurassic age and their primary basement in the Apennine ophiolites led many authors to point to the importance of exhumation of mantle rocks on ancient seafloors. By contrast to the thick sections of classical ophiolites (e.g. Oman), the Alpine-Corsican-Appennine ophiolites are characterized by a relatively small amount of mafic rocks (gabbros and basalts), by the absence of any sheeted dyke complex and by the frequent occurrence of oceanic sediments stratigraphically overlying mantle-derived peridotites and associated gabbroic intrusions. They display some of the characteristics of slow-spreading ridge systems, but, due to their highly tectonized character, they have been interpreted successively either as remnants of oceanic fracture zones of «normal» ocean or as remnants of very-poorly organized, «abnormal» oceanic basement. This review shows how the concept of mantle exhumation has been elaborated more or less in the same period both by marine geoscientists and by geologists conducting investigations in ophiolitic units of the Alps-Apennines mountain belt. Dredging and diving results from the Gorringe Bank, the Iberia margin, the Thyrrenian Sea and the Central Atlantic in the 1980's and 1990's provided additional proofs that the mantle is currently exhumed in various oceanic environments, including distal continental margins, back-arc basins and slow-spreading ridges of wide oceans. It is shown finally how renewed cross-information from mountain belts and the oceans, multiplying the examples of sedimentary reworking of mantle material, help better constrain the mechanisms of mantle exhumation. This mechanism progressively appeared as a fundamental step during the processes of extension of both continental and oceanic lithospheres in numerous geological situations worldwide.
FOOD MARKETING IN AN ELECTRONIC AGE: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS

The most efficient food delivery system in the world is becoming even more so with new electronic information gathered at the checkout counter and quickly transmitted to food distributors and manufacturers. In order to meet new competition in the retail market for food and food services, traditional grocery stores and their suppliers are redesigning how they present, order and distribute products. This effort is called Efficient Consumer Response (ECR). It is a system whereby consumer preferences, expressed through their purchases, are revealed to food manufacturers and then back to producers. Commodities with special characteristics for preferred types of food are pulled out of the food and agricultural system as opposed to being pushed out in bulk with the hope that someone will buy them. The implications for agriculture are that farmers will increasingly be producing commodities with specific attributes called for by food processors who are responding to retail demand. Traditional patterns of farming will change; more product will be produced for niche markets and for international tastes. More value will be added to the raw commodity closer to the land through genetics, breeding, and special attention to production techniques. There will be higher pay-off for the entrepreneur on the farm, but the risks will increase as well as the pace of change.
The role of metal complexation in the solubility and stability of humic acid

Humic acid (HA) obtained from a variety of sources displays somewhat varied chemical composition and residual metal content. In spite of extensive purification procedures as much as 0.5% metal (by weight) can remain in the humic acid. In some cases, particularly for Cu 2+ , the metal binding appears site specific, while in others the cupric ion is less strongly bound. Furthermore, the iron content of the samples appears to be dependent on the source and purification procedure. Quantitative removal or exchange of the residual metal is expected to alter the stability and solubility properties of the HA. The treatment of highly purfied HA with Chelex® resin has afforded a material in which the amount of the so-called residual metal has been reduced by 40% or more. This reduction in metal content appears to affect solution aggregation phenomena and consequently the rate of flocculation. Metal removal depends on pre-treatment conditions of the HA sample and is highly pH and temperature dependent. These observations suggest that chemical transformations of HA at high pH and moderate temperature may affect the equilibrium state between the bound metal in HA and the metal-Chelex® complex. The apparently selective removal of metal suggests a specific role of the metal.
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology

Embracing the whole of ancient history and literature over more than two thousand years, the three volumes of A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology provide a wealth of information on every significant figure mentioned by the Greek and Roman writers in the areas of history, philosophy, mathematics, the Arts, medicine, law, geography, architecture, etc. A full account of the works as well as the lives of the Greek and Roman writers is included. Painters, sculptors, and architects are treated at considerable length and an account is given of all their works extant or of which there is any record in the ancient writings. Care has been taken to separate articles on mythological subjects from those of an historical nature. Greek divinities are given under their Greek names and Italian divinities are given under their Latin names. The final volume contains chronological tables of Greek and Roman history, genealogical tables and a list of kings. With contributors drawn from amongst the most distinguished scholars of the day the reissue of these scarce volumes makes available once more an important and valuable work of classical scholarship.
Marketing and production capacity strategy for non-differentiated products : Winning and losing at the capacity cycle game

Customer satisfaction and supplier loyalty in markets where products are mainly undifferentiated are heavily affected by assurance of supply. Marketers manage production capacity in such markets to assure supply, but the resulting capacity competition leads to cycles of over-capacity followed by capacity deletions, which lead to under-capacity. We investigate some of the possible causes of this form of industry behavior in two ways. First, we report on an exploratory empirical investigation, motivated by in-depth interviews with industry executives, and develop a set of structural principles. We formalize those principles in a set of statistical models. Next, we review some related theory and identify a number of possible reasons that may combine to cause this phenomenon. We develop some simple, game theoretic models that focus on the issues of strategic interaction with demand uncertainty and different values of capacity change. We use the theory results to illustrate how over- and under-capacity situations arise. We compare our theoretical and empirical results and find an encouraging degree of convergence. We discuss the implications of these findings for individual firm strategies.
Metal complexes in catalytic conversions of olefins. 4. Heterogenization of nickel complexes on chemically modified silochrome surface; activity and selectivity in ethylene dimerization

When activated by Et2AlCl phosphine-containing homogeneous nickel complexes and their heterogenized analogs (HMC) formed on silochrome S-120 modified by NH2 and N(PPh2)2 groups differ significantly in their effectiveness in ethylene dimerization. The catalytic activity of Ni-HMC-Et2AlCl depends on how the HMC was formed. Ni-HMC-I obtained by ligand exchange on chemically modified silochrome is ∼5–15 times more effective than Ni-HMC-II synthesized from the gas phase. The selectivity in formation of α-olefins (σC4 + σC6) is ∼4–5 times higher in the presence of Ni-HMC than for its homogeneous analogs.
The Evolution of Irish nationalist politics

This classic work studies the growth of nationalism in Ireland from the middle of the eighteenth century to modern times. It traces the continuity of tradition from earlier organisations, such as the United Irishmen and the agrarian Ribbonmen of the eighteenth century, through the followers of Daniel O' Connell, the Fenians and the Land League in the nineteenth century to the Irish political parties of today. The dual nature of Irish nationalism is shown in sharp focus. Despite the secular and liberal leanings of many Irish leaders and theoreticians, their followers were frequently sectarian and conservative in social outlook. This book demonstrates how this dual legacy has influenced the politics of modern Ireland. 'This stimulating book is one of the most important and original studies of Irish nationalism and politics to have been written ...It will be discussed and cited for many years.' Michael Gallagher, Irish University Review 'Buy it rather than borrow it, since it calls for re-reading, reflection and discussion. It illuminates both past and present.' John A. Murphy, The Sunday Tribune 'a lively and original book' L.M. Cullen, The Irish Times
Heinrich von Stackelberg and the diffusion of Ordoliberal economics in Franco's Spain

Economic historians regard Ordoliberalism as a school of thought whose reach was limited to Germany. Challenging this popular view, this study shows that Ordoliberalism also had considerable impact on Spanish economics during the 1940s and 1950s, despite the fact that Spain’s policy establishment favoured a State-led and predominantly antiliberal development model. This puzzling outcome was the result of the exceptional ideational entrepreneurship of Ordoliberal economist Heinrich von Stackelberg, who was a visiting professor in Madrid from 1943 until his death in 1946. His intellectual entrepreneurship in the Spanish economic profession proved to have lasting consequences, as the policy-oriented intellectuals he influenced came to occupy leading positions in academia and economic policy institutions. This paper also contributes to the empirical literature on the diffusion of economic ideas across national epistemic boundaries by highlighting the role of exceptional economists acting as carriers of new economic ideas. Finally, the study helps illuminate a critical juncture in the intellectual history of Spanish economics during the Francoist regime.
Activist‐impelled divestitures and shareholder value

This study analyzes how the divestitures that are impelled by activist investors in their campaigns against public corporations affect shareholder value. Using hand‐collected data on the activist campaigns that were launched against and the divestitures that were undertaken by Fortune 500 companies between 2007 and 2015, we find that activist‐impelled divestitures are more positively associated with immediate and longer‐term measures of shareholder value than comparable manager‐led divestitures. These performance differences persist for nearly two years after the completion of these deals. Our results empirically test the idea that firms with agency problems unlock shareholder value when they divest, and support the notion that activist investors fulfill an important external governance function. Our work also opens new research opportunities and offers practical implications as well.  This study investigates how divestitures that are undertaken at the behest of activist investors affect shareholder value. We find that divestitures that were undertaken under pressure from activist investors are associated with more positive shareholder returns than comparable divestitures that were undertaken voluntarily by managers. These performance differences persist for nearly two years after the completion of these deals, alleviating concerns about the purported short‐termism of activist investors. Our findings suggest that activist investors may fulfill an important governance function by inducing managers to undertake strategies that they might not otherwise pursue, thereby unlocking shareholder value.
Hardcore, punk, and other junk : aggressive sounds in contemporary music

Foreword Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1: Food For Thought: On Sid Vicious's Cannibalization of "My Way" Evan Ware Chapter 2: Let the Shillelagh Fly: The Dropkick Murphys and Irish-American Hybridity Sean Ahern Chapter 3: Am I Evil? The Meaning of Metal Lyrics to its Fans Mika Elovaara Chapter 4: By Demons Be Driven? Scanning 'Monstrous' Voices Marcus Erbe Chapter 5: Heavy Metal Music in the Caribbean Setting: Politics and Language at the Periphery Nelson Varas-Diaz, Eliut Rivera-Segarra Chapter 6: No Fun: Noise Music, Avant-garde Aggression, and Sonic Punishment Ross Hagan Chapter 7: The Last Report: Throbbing Gristle and Audio Extremes Brian Cogan Chapter 8: Black Metal Soul Music: Stone Vengeance and the Aesthetics of Race in Heavy Metal. Kevin Fellezs Chapter 9: "The Time is Right to Set Our Sight on Salvation": The Strange Tale of How the Hare Krishnas Came To Play Hardcore Punk Colin Helb  The Cult of Hellmouth: The Success of Contemporary Hardcore Eric James Abbey Afterword Bibliography Contributors Index
A synergy of industrial and academic education

Both industry and academia educate software engineers, but each has its respective shortcomings. Universities emphasize theory and often ignore meaningful applications, while industry focuses on practical methodologies, failing to sufficiently stress the underlying concepts. Neither of these institutions typically provides the supplementary skills needed by a software engineer. This paper describes these and other problems with software engineering education, and illustrates one industrial training program that is attempting to resolve many of the problems. The training program combines the best features of both academia and industry, resulting in a synergy that successfully eliminates many problems inherent in existing software engineering education.
Investigation on cored-eutectic structure in Ni60/WC composite coatings fabricated by wide-band laser cladding

Ni60 composite coatings reinforced with WC particles were fabricated on the surface of Q550 steel using LDF4000-100 fiber laser device. The wide-band laser and circular beam laser used in laser cladding were obtained by optical lens. Microstructure, elemental distribution, phase constitution and wear properties of different composite coatings were investigated. The results showed that WC particles were partly dissolved under the effect of wide-band fiber laser irradiation. A special cored-eutectic structure was synthesized due to dissolution of WC particles. According to EDS and XRD results, the inside cores were confirmed as carbides of M 23 C 6 enriched in Cr, W and Fe. These complex carbides were primarily separated out in the molten metal when solidification started. Eutectic structure composed of M 23 C 6 carbides and γ-Ni(Fe) grew around carbides when cooling. Element content of Cr and W is lower at the bottom of cladding layer. In consequence, the eutectic structure formed in this region did not have inside carbides. The coatings made by circular laser beam were composed of dendritic matrix and interdendritic eutectic carbides, lacking of block carbides. Compared to coatings made by circular laser spot, the cored-eutectic structure formed in wide-band coatings had advantages of well-distribution and tight binding with matrix. The uniform power density and energy distribution and the weak liquid convection in molten pool lead to the unique microstructure evolution in composite coatings made by wide-band laser. Experiment results indicated the wear resistance and microhardness of composite coatings were both significantly improved.