nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Medication adherence among hypertensive patients of primary health clinics in Malaysia

Poor adherence to prescribed medications is a major cause for treatment failure, particularly in chronic diseases such as hypertension. This study was conducted to assess adherence to medications in patients undergoing hypertensive treatment in the Primary Health Clinics of the Ministry of Health in Malaysia. Factors affecting adherence to medications were studied, and the effect of nonadherence to blood pressure control was assessed.



This was a cross-sectional study to assess adherence to medications by adult patients undergoing hypertensive treatment in primary care. Adherence was measured using a validated survey form for medication adherence consisting of seven questions. A retrospective medication record review was conducted to collect and confirm data on patients' demographics, diagnosis, treatments, and outcomes.



Good adherence was observed in 53.4% of the 653 patients sampled. Female patients were found to be more likely to adhere to their medication regime, compared to their male counterparts (odds ratio 1.46 [95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.05-2.04; P < 0.05]). Patients in the ethnic Chinese were twice as likely (95% CI: 1.14-3.6; P < 0.05) to adhere, compared to those in the Indian ethnic group. An increase in the score for medicine knowledge was also found to increase the odds of adherence. On the other hand, increasing the number of drugs the patient was taking and the daily dose frequencies of the medications prescribed were found to negatively affect adherence. Blood pressure control was also found to be worse in noncompliers.



The medication adherence rate was found to be low among primary care hypertensive patients. A poor adherence rate was found to negatively affect blood pressure control. Developing multidisciplinary intervention programs to address the factors identified is necessary to improve adherence and, in turn, to improve blood pressure control.
The international emblem : from incunabula to the internet : selected proceedings of the Eighth International Conference of the Society for Emblem Studies, 28th July-1st August, 2008, Winchester College

The emblem, a Renaissance literary genre which combined text and image, conveyed erudition, admonishment, propaganda, and piety with unparalleled concision and economy. It arose out of humanist circles in the early sixteenth century and quickly became established as a staple tool in religious, political, and social discourses across the major European languages. In recent years the emblem has come to be regarded by scholars working in all areas of the humanities and cultural studies as an interdisciplinary matrix of extraordinary utility in gaining insights into the mentalities and preoccupations of the early modern era. Within its apparently slender frame, the emblem embraces questions of foremost philological, semiotic, and iconographical importance, and encompasses ideas and assumptions of exceedingly far range and reach. This collection of essays attests to the pervasiveness of the emblem, both within Renaissance and Baroque Europe, and in those parts of the wider world where European influence came to bear. It seeks to follow the development of the emblem from its beginnings in various forms of bimedial artefact, from early illustrated books and hieroglyphs, to medals and ancient coins; we then witness its deployment as a propagandistic tool in the temporal and confessional disputes of Europe. Thereafter, the emblem appears in non-European contexts, emerging as a place of cultural exchange as it became assimilated within indigenous visual traditions. The latter parts of the book concentrate on the often subliminal role emblems played in diverse literary texts, as well as their ongoing vitality in praxis or in the burgeoning area of emblem scholarship within early modern studies.
Forgiveness: Another Relationship ``F Word''—A Couple's Dialogue:

Forgiveness is one of the most frequently cited virtues that philosophers, spiritual teachers, and counselors use in their healing practices. Following a brief overview to the importance of forgiveness, a series of experiential activities between you and your partner will explore the following topics: (a) your past history on the concept of forgiveness; (b) your own personal history with forgiveness before your current significant relationship; and (c) forgiveness in your present relationship. Next, we address professional and spiritual resources concerned with spiritual forgiveness and self-forgiveness. The article concludes with additional forgiveness theory, a forgiveness checklist, and a quote from the movie Smoke Signals.
Infinite executions of lazy and strict computations

We give axioms for an operation that describes the states from which a computation has infinite executions in several relational and matrix-based models. The models cover non-strict and strict computations which represent finite, infinite and aborting executions with varying precision. Based on the operation we provide an approximation order for a unified description of recursion. Least fixpoints in the approximation order are reduced to least and greatest fixpoints in the underlying semilattice order. We specialise this to a unified description of iteration which satisfies the axioms of a binary operation introduced in previous work. Previous consequences therefore generalise to all discussed computation models in a uniform way. All algebraic results are verified in Isabelle using its integrated automated theorem provers and SMT solvers.
提高地理素质教育的途径之一——借鉴香港“LIVING GEOGRAPHY”的经验

)教材(以下简称"教材").列举一些章节内容,体现地理学科知识与日常生活各种现象的紧密联系,打破以往地理学的逻辑系统,摆脱从理论到理论传统的束缚,摒弃死记硬背的学习方法,为提高学生学习地理知识和技能的兴趣,提供了一套素质教育的范本.
Permian stratigraphy and structure, northern Canelo Hills, Arizona

Measured sections in the northern Canelo Hills show 2,223 feet of Middle Permian (Snyder Hill) limestones, dolomites, and clastics overthrust upon two distinct series of younger rocks: (1) redbeds and brown conglomerates and sandstones, probably Cretaceous in age; and (2) lava flows and interbedded tuffs and sandstones interpreted as Tertiary. Major structural events discovered are: (1) the overthrusting which started in late Cretaceous or early Tertiary time; (2) high-angle faulting trending north-south and east-west; (3) formation of an anticline whose axis trends northwest-southeast. These movements affect all rocks within the area older than a late Tertiary fanglomerate. This fanglomerate and extensive terraced gravels are the youngest rocks in the area. Some of the g avels contain interbedded, spring-deposited travertines bearing a gastropod faunule identified as late Pleistocene.
An Overview of cosmology

While purely philosophical in the early times, and still very speculative at the beginning of the twentieth century, Cosmology has gradually entered into the realm of experimental science over the past eighty years. It has raised some fascinating questions like: is the Universe static or expanding ? How old is it and what will be its future evolution ? Is it flat, open or closed ? Of what type of matter is it composed ? How did structures like galaxies form ? In this course, we will try to give an overview of these questions, and of the partial answers that can be given today. In the first chapter, we will introduce some fundamental concepts, in particular from General Relativity. In the second chapter, we will apply these concepts to the real Universe and deal with concrete results, observations, and testable predictions.
Stability of NADPH: effect of various factors on the kinetics of degradation.

Seeking to minimize degradation of NADPH during storage, reagent preparation, and assays, we investigated the effects of pH, temperature, and ionic strength as well as the effects of phosphate and acetate. NADH was also included for comparison. Our results indicate that the rate of degradation of NADPH is proportional most importantly to temperature and concentrations of hydronium ion, but also to concentrations of phosphate and acetate. The degradation rate decreased with increasing ionic strength at neutral pH, but increased slightly at lower pH. NADPH generally is less stable than NADH under the same conditions. The reaction orders with respect to hydronium ion and anions were near 1 for NADH degradation reactions, about 0.5 for NADPH. Rate constants for NADH and NADPH differed more at higher pH and lower phosphate and acetate concentrations.
The Politics of Making

Mark Swenarton Part 1: Politics of Cities 1. The freedom of the city David Harvey 2. The politics of the West Bank Wall: symbolic violence and spaciocide Brigitte Piquard 3. Politics and housing in 1950s French Algiers Kahina Amal Djiar 4. A space of the state: Beijing 1949-59 Jianfei Zhu 5. Representing the state: symbolism and ideology in Doxiadis's plan of Islamabad Ahmed Zaib K. Mahsud 6. The pleasures of driving: experiencing cities from the automobile Iain Borden 7. Campagna Romana: the formation of the Oltrecitta Lorenzo Romito Part 2: Politics of Makers 8. Architectural theory in the service of the crown: the foundation of the Academie royale d'architecture Anthony Gerbino 9. The flute and the house: doing the architecture of making Leonidas Koutsoumpos 10. Ethical dilemmas and difficult collaborations: an architect's view inside an award-winning but troubling project Jason Alread 11.  working between cultures in remote Western Australia Fiona Harrisson 12. The Beehive: a difficult collaboration Robin Skinner 13. Edited by Alison Smithson: the censored history of the 'Team 10 family' Igea Troiani 14. Towards a new understanding of architecture of addition: the unrealised extensions of Whitney Museum of American Art Albena Yaneva Part 3: Politics of seeing 15. Watching palaces: Ruskin and the representation of Venice Stephen Kite 16. Ambiguous objects: modernism, brutalism and the politics of the picturesque Jonathan Hill 17. Souvenirs of the architectural tourst: Ahmedabad framed Jane McAllister and Ben Stringer 18. Auschwitz State Museum: collective memory and the contested landscape Helena Webster 19. Displacing topographies: making and reading Istanbul guidebooks Aslihan Senel 20. Down and out in London: photography and the politics of representing life in the Elephant, 1948-2005 Ben Campkin 21. The early American maps of Iowa and their politics Marwan Ghandour 22. Making by stealing: the politics of Helen Chadwick's 'creative and manipulative theft' Stephen Walker 23. The art of the plausible: some characteristics of architectural design Tony Fretton
Model Theory of Ultrafinitism I: Fuzzy Initial Segments of Arithmetics

This article is the first of an intended series of works on the model theory of Ultrafinitism. It is roughly divided into two parts. The first one addresses some of the issues related to ultrafinitistic programs, as well as some of the core ideas proposed thus far. The second part of the paper presents a model of ultrafinitistic arithmetics based on the notion of fuzzy initial segments of the standard natural numbers series. We also introduce a proof theory and a semantics for ultrafinitism through which feasibly consistent theories can be treated on the same footing as their classically consistent counterparts. We conclude with a brief sketch of a foundational program, that aims at reproducing the transfinite within the finite realm.
Calcareous spring deposits, Dubois area, Wyoming

The thermal water deposits of the Dubois, Wyoming, area occur in 5 groups in the forms of domes, cliffs, flows, extinct geyser orifices, and natural bridges. The natural bridge group is not discussed. Two of the groups are along principal streams which flow perpendicular to outcrop strike; the remaining 2 groups parallel the strike of the outcrops. The deposits, which are principally calcium carbonate, occur on strata ranging in age from Mississippian to Permian; the undoubted sources of the mineral enrichment were the underlying Paleozoic limestones. All of the thermal water deposits are underlain by a travertine cemented conglomerate which seemingly dates them as post-Pleistocene, but the correct age is dependent on the age of warm Spring Canyon. The mineral-bearing waters reached the surface by travelling along bedding planes and possibly along faults.
Heterogeneous reaction of nitric acid with methyl sulfide

The reaction of gaseous mixtures of CH3SCH3 and HNO3, studied by infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography, was found to occur heterogeneously. The products detected were NO2 and CH3S(O)CH3, and approximately one NO2 was formed for each CH3SCH3 consumed. The initial rate of formation of NO2 was first order in CH3SCH3 and zero order in HNO3. The mechanism is discussed, and an upper limit is determined for the rate constant of the homogeneous reaction.
Introduction to the symposium on “Inequality: new directions”

Forty years ago economists’ thinking about inequality underwent a revolution. By explicitly linking inequality and welfare economics Tony Atkinson and Serge Kolm inspired fundamental work on the nature of economic inequality, on the role of social values and moral intuition in the assessment of income distributions and on the structure of several classes of related measurement problems in poverty, mobility, polarisation and other fields. The huge theoretical literature that resulted was accompanied by extensive empirical and policy analysis as abstract ideas were converted into practical tools. Kolm and Atkinson [1, 2] laid the basis for the field of distributional analysis as we know it today. To mark this fortieth anniversary, in September 2009 Cornell University and the London School of Economics organized a conference, “Inequality: New Directions,” in Ithaca, New York. The focus was on identifying new challenges in the field and on taking stock of the extraordinary developments that followed the seminal contributions. This symposium grows out of that conference, with papers being selected subject to the standard refereeing procedures of the Journal of Economic Inequality. Appropriately, the founders of the modern literature lead off this symposium. In “Lateral Thinking”, Tony Atkinson acknowledges the thinking that led him to draw on the then emerging literature on measurement of risk. But he cautions against simplistic extensions of the now common approach in measuring income inequality to the measurement of inequality in other dimensions such as health, or to the visual portrayal of achievements in multiple dimensions. He argues that the theory of copulas in the statistics literature can provide insights into measurement of multivariate inequality, with the copula function as a tool to “separate changes in the
Practical Education for Control Engineers at the Grenoble Polytechnic Institute

This paper describes the practical education that is given at the Grenoble Polytechnic Institute in the recently created section of control engineering. A set of laboratories in the main areas of the curriculum is briefly presented: control of continuous systems, logic, microprocessors and real-time systems, and signal processing. Specific emphasis is placed upon the fact that this mode of teaching is complete in itself, and that the interrelationship of different experiments becomes more and more important as the academic session progresses. The practical education is supplemented by a three-month period in industry where students are generally given good opportunities for synthesizing the various facets of their technical knowledge.
Running the border gauntlet : the Mexican migrant controversy

This concise and cogent history of the Mexico/U.S. border conflict analyzes the acts that led to the current U.S. policy and its effects on immigration.  Primary source documents include presidential papers, treaties, UN reports, and more * Presents a chronology of major events in both the United States and Mexico over time * Provides three maps of Texas prior to the creation of the Texas Republic * Includes a comprehensive bibliography across academic disciplines
Geometric and algebraic properties of minimal bases of singular systems

For a general singular system with an associated pencil T(S), a complete classification of the right polynomial vector pairs , connected with the rational vector space, is given according to the proper–nonproper property, characterising the relationship of the degrees of those two vectors. An integral part of the classification of right pairs is the development of the notions of canonical and normal minimal bases for and rational vector spaces, where R(s) is the state restriction pencil of . It is shown that the notions of canonical and normal minimal bases are equivalent; the first notion characterises the pure algebraic aspect of the classification, whereas the second is intimately connected to the real geometry properties and the underlying generation mechanism of the proper and nonproper state vectors . The results describe the algebraic and geometric dimensions of the invariant partitioning of the set of reachability indices of singular systems. The classification of all proper and nonproper polynomi...
The role of international assignees' social capital in creating inter-unit intellectual capital: A cross-level model

We conceptualize international assignees as informational boundary spanners between multinational enterprise units, and develop a cross-level model that explores how assignees' social capital translates into inter-unit intellectual capital. First, as knowledge brokers, assignees create inter-unit intellectual capital by linking their home- and host-unit social capital, thereby enabling cross-unit access to previously unconnected knowledge resources. Second, as knowledge transmitters, assignees' host-unit social capital facilitates their creation of individual intellectual capital, which, in turn, translates into inter-unit intellectual capital. We conclude that individual social capital needs to be explicitly transferred to the organizational level to have a sustained effect on inter-unit intellectual capital.
Laser precision-based graphene growth processes

This paper discusses laser methods for fabricating large-area, high-quality graphene. Common methods for epitaxial graphene growth including thermal decomposition of SiC apply energy evenly across an entire substrate, leading to simultaneous nucleation of graphene crystals in many locations and thus poor continuity over large areas. A proposed alternative method is to use a defocused laser to apply energy at a single nucleation site, and then propagate graphene growth by scanning the laser along the substrate. This concept has been tested in two versions. First, in a variation of the established method of SiC thermal decomposition, the laser can heat a point on a SiC substrate, driving off Si to nucleate graphene. This is followed by scanning of the laser to extend the graphene growth out from the nucleation point. In the second method, a highly controlled version of Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) known as Through Thin Film Ablation (TTFA), can be used to deposit a precise volume of carbon nanoparticles on...
Fragile Identities: The Colonial Consequences of CJR Le Mesurier in Ceylon

In the colonial narrative there are conforming types that constantly recur to the point of parody. In the colonial narrative there are conforming types that constantly recur to the point of parody. As places of periphery, colonies attracted the existentially displaced and those attempting to remake themselves, what Talleyrand called "restless men who need projects and unfortunate men who need
An evolutionary approach to library materials acquisition problems

This paper studies a library materials problem in which materials are served for satisfying the information need of its patrons. The objective is to maximize the average preferences of acquired subjects. We first formulated the problem by means of the mathematical programming. Without loss of generality, some empirical constraints are considered, including subject costs and the required amount of specified disciplines. We then design a particle swarm optimization to resolve the problem. CPLEX, a linear programming software package, was used to break down the small problems and provided optimal solutions for comparison. Computational results show that the proposed algorithm can optimally solve problems within a reasonable amount of time.
Study of Peer-to-Peer Network Based Cybercrime Investigation: Application on Botnet Technologies

The scalable, low overhead attributes of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Internet protocols and networks lend themselves well to being exploited by criminals to execute a large range of cybercrimes. The types of crimes aided by P2P technology include copyright infringement, sharing of illicit images of children, fraud, hacking/cracking, denial of service attacks and virus/malware propagation through the use of a variety of worms, botnets, malware, viruses and P2P file sharing. This project is focused on study of active P2P nodes along with the analysis of the undocumented communication methods employed in many of these large unstructured networks. This is achieved through the design and implementation of an efficient P2P monitoring and crawling toolset. The requirement for investigating P2P based systems is not limited to the more obvious cybercrimes listed above, as many legitimate P2P based applications may also be pertinent to a digital forensic investigation, e.g, voice over IP, instant messaging, etc. Investigating these networks has become increasingly difficult due to the broad range of network topologies and the ever increasing and evolving range of P2P based applications. In this work we introduce the Universal P2P Network Investigation Framework (UP2PNIF), a framework which enables significantly faster and less labour intensive investigation of newly discovered P2P networks through the exploitation of the commonalities in P2P network functionality. In combination with a reference database of known network characteristics, it is envisioned that any known P2P network can be instantly investigated using the framework, which can intelligently determine the best investigation methodology and greatly expedite the evidence gathering process. A proof of concept tool was developed for conducting investigations on the BitTorrent network.
The Role of Abstract Interpretation in Formal Methods

In computer science and software engineering, formal methods are mathematically-based techniques for the specification, development and verification of software and hardware systems. They therefore establish the satisfaction of a specification by a system semantics. Abstract interpretation is a theory of sound approximation of mathematical structures, in particular those involved in the description of the behavior of computer systems. It allows the systematic derivation of sound methods and algorithms for approximating undecidable or highly complex problems in various areas of computer science (semantics, verification and proof, model- checking, static analysis, program transformation and optimization, typing, software steganography, etc.). Its main current application is on the safety and security of complex hardware and software computer systems.
The montage principle : Eisenstein in new cultural and critical contexts

Acknowledgements Foreword Geoffrey NOWELL-SMITH: Eisenstein's Aesthetics: Eisenstein in the 21st Century Introduction i. Jean ANTOINE-DUNNE: Introducing Eisenstein's Theory ii. Jean ANTOINE-DUNNE and Paul QUIGLEY: General  Sergei Eisenstein: The Life and Times of a Boy from Riga 2. Arthur MCCULLOUGH: Eisenstein's Regenerative Aesthetics: From Montage to Mimesis 3. Debbie GING: The Politics of Sound and Image: Eisenstein, Artifice and Acoustic Montage in Contemporary Feminist Cinema 4.  Healing the Rupture: The Influence of Eisenstein on the Work of Ritwik Ghatak 5. Jean-Antoine DUNNE: Time and Space in Their Indissoluble Connection: Towards an Audio-Visual Caribbean Aesthetic 6. Paula QUIGLEY: Eisenstein, Montage, and 'filmic writing' 7.  Reflections on Eisenstein and Digital Imagery: Of Mice and Men 8. Jean ANTOINE-DUNNE: Beckett, Eisenstein and the Image: Making an Inside an Outside Index