nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Billboard, banner, blackboard: Marina Warner’s photographs of the Cultural Revolution

In 2012 the Royal College of Art hosted an international conference, The Shadow of Language, which brought together artists and academics to explore the interplay between image, language and translation by focusing on contemporary Chinese practices. 
At the conference Marina Warner, the Anglo-Italian writer of fiction, criticism and history, addressed the question of translation through the shadows in animation in her keynote lecture, 'The Ambiguous Life of Shadows'. It was then that I found out that Marina Warner had a large collection of photographs she had taken in China less than a year before Mao Zedong's death. At the tail of the Cultural Revolution, the country was starting to open after decades of determined isolation. New political and economic relationships were being established, and invitations extended to artists and intellectuals in the West, such as Roland Barthes and Julia Kristeva. The Italian filmmaker Michelangelo Antonioni was also invited, in 1972, be Premier Zhou Enlai to make the film Chung Kuo, Cina, a three and a half hour long document that focuses on the life of the people in China.
Development of resilience among school children against violence

The evidence of violence among the adolescent students across the world has become a deep concern to psychologists toward scientific inquiry of human development. Development of positive or negative personality is a construct of various factors that are well established over the years. A large number of literature is available to understand the causes of personality development and behaviour disorder. Extensive knowledge based data available claim that human behaviour may be developed by positive emotion and social intelligence. Integrated knowledge of human behaviour may help to design simple and useful technique of tests using less statistical analysis with more qualitative data and content analysis including case study methods. Impact of Positive Emotion Community support, school teachers, parents and peer groups - all contribute to develop personality.
Integration Of Industrial Water Management Into The Engineering Classroom

As environmental regulations increase and get stricter, green engineering novel solutions become more appealing to industry. Green engineering approaches look into obtaining new designs/methods that are environmentally benign and also economically profitable. This paper presents a pollution prevention class module that focus on water/wastewater management. Its primary objective is to provide the engineering students with a series of tools to design optimal industrial water networks.  Water is a key element for the normal functioning of the chemical and petrochemical industry. Steam stripping, liquid-liquid extraction and washing operations are among the many processes present in refineries and chemical plants where water is intensively utilized. Several procedures have been proposed to design economical wastewater treatment. With a few exceptions, these procedures rely on the application of certain rules of thumb. The current installations usually merge several waste streams and use appropriate technologies in series to clean this stream before disposal. These are therefore, end-of-pipe non-distributed wastewater cleanup solutions. Several papers discuss these options. Belhateche (1995) offers a complete discussion of these technologies. Starting in the eighties and increasingly in the nineties, water re-use started to become popular as means of reducing the total amount of water intake. This, in turn, not only saves upstream treatment of raw water but also reduces wastewater treatment costs. In addition, the concept of distributing the treatment among the various polluted streams and even decentralizing it is gaining acceptance. Industry and the EPA in the US are also seriously considering and discussing the advantages and disadvantages of zero-liquid discharge solutions as the ultimate goal of green water utilization in process plants.  To whom correspondence show be addressed. ‡ University of Oklahoma. Norman, OK.  bagajewicz@ou.edu P ge 580.1 Until a few years ago, the problem of water treatment was considered as a set of sequential treatment operations of a single wastewater stream consisting of the wastewater from all unit operations (desalters, strippers, etc). At the same time, without the concept of wastewater reuse, these processes are fed by freshwater only. Such a system is depicted for three water user processes (Pi) and three treatment units (Ti) in Figure 1a. One way of obtaining improved designs is the reuse of wastewater from one process to feed another without sending it to treatment first. This reduces the cost because the overall water intake is smaller (figure 1b). The next step is to introduce a series/parallel designs of the wastewater treatment unit without merging all the wastewater streams (figure 1c). Finally, treatment can be decentralized in such a way that some pollutants are removed from wastewater of selected processes allowing the reuse of these waters (figure 1d). P1 P2 P3 Fresh Water T1 T2 T3 Wastewater Treatment
The Role of the Kazan Computer Manufacturing Plant in the Development of Computer Technology and Science in USSR and the Comecon Countries

On August 4th, 2014, the Kazan Computer Manufacturing Plant would have celebrated its 60th anniversary. Nowadays, companies producing electronic computers, as well as electronic computers themselves, have a short life span. Since 1947, the XX century has seen how four generations of computers were “born” and “died”. The first generation was determined by its hardware consisting of vacuum tubes. Due to considerable technical difficulties and high economic costs in the 1950s, only three countries could create and produce computers: Great Britain, the USSR and the USA. In the Moscow Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Engineering (IPMCE) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, a team guided by the chief designer academician S.A. Lebedev built M-20, a first-generation computer aimed at batch industrial production.
From Poincare's Divergences to Quantum Mechanics with Broken Time Symmetry

für Naturforschung in cooperation with the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Dieses Werk wurde im Jahr 2013 vom Verlag Zeitschrift für Naturforschung in Zusammenarbeit mit der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. digitalisiert und unter folgender Lizenz veröffentlicht: Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 Lizenz. From Poincare's Divergences to Quantum Mechanics with Broken Time Symmetry
Energy decomposition analysis of the chemical bond in main group and transition metal compounds.

The nature of the chemical bond in the main group diborane(4) compounds X2B-BX2 (X = H,F,Cl,Br,I) and in the Fischer- and Schrock-type transition metal carbene and carbyne complexes and heavier homologues (CO)5W-CH2, (CO)5W-E(OH)2, Cl4W-EH2, Cl(CO)4W-EH and Cl3W-EH (E = C,Si,Ge,Sn,Pb) have been investigated with an energy decomposition analysis (EDA). The results give a deep insight into the nature of the chemical interactions. The EDA results can be used as a bridge between the heuristic models of experimental chemists which have been proven as useful ordering schemes for experimental observations and the physical mechanism which leads to a chemical bond. At the time the data give a well defined qantitative answer to the questions about the strength of the covalent and electrostatic interactions and about the contributions of sigma and pi electrons to the covalent bond.
Modeling of Dynamics and Thermal History of Fe40Al Intermetallic Powder Particles Under Gas Detonation Spraying Using Propane–Air Mixture

The dynamic properties and thermal history of Fe40Al at.% intermetallic particles have been estimated. The parameters of the gas detonation process for the investigated mixture have been calculated using thermochemical code, and the motion parameters as well as thermal history of the analyzed powder particles have been assessed using computational fluid dynamics software and self-developed algorithms. The appropriate models allowed for determination of the melted volume (mass) fraction of a certain analyzed single particle, which is dependent on a particle diameter ranging from 10 to 160 μm. The results show that only particles with a diameter lower than 80 μm melt under the investigated conditions. Moreover, the estimated radial distribution of the temperature inside the particle is almost homogenous due to relatively high FeAl thermal conductivity and relatively low thermal conductance of the surface heat transfer. The calculated final velocity of particles has been referred to some experimental and literature data from previous studies by other researchers, and the results were found to be in agreement.
An "Energy Star Building" Freshman Engineering Design course

A semester-long team project is described for Freshman Engineering Design. The project utilizes the EPA Energy Star Buildings protocol to conduct energy analyses of buildings and prepare design recommendations for cost-effective, energy-efficient building upgrades. The design recommendations were implemented by the University of Virginia's (UVa) Facilities Management and the class was cited by the US Environmental Protection Agency in naming UVa the 1999 Green Lights Education Partner of the Year.
Heroism and history in Merleau-Ponty’s existential phenomenology

Whereas Phenomenology of Perception concludes with a puzzling turn to “heroism,” this article examines the short essay “Man, the Hero” as a source of insight into Merleau-Ponty’s thought in the early postwar period. In this essay, Merleau-Ponty presented a conception of heroism through which he expressed the attitude toward post-Hegelian philosophy of history that underwrote his efforts to reform Marxism along existential lines. Analyzing this conception of heroism by unpacking the implicit contrasts with Kojève, Aron, Caillois, and Bataille, I show that its philosophical rationale was to supply experiential evidence attesting to the latent presence of human universality. It is a mythic device intended to animate the faith necessary for Marxist politics by showing that universal sociality is possible, and that the historically transformative praxis needed to realize it does not imply sacrifice. This sheds considerable light on Merleau-Ponty’s early postwar political thought. But inasmuch as the latter cannot be severed from his broader philosophical concerns, the prospect is raised that his entire phenomenological project in the early postwar period rested on a myth. Not necessarily a bad myth, but a myth nonetheless.
Workshop 1: Object-Oriented Technology for Telecommunications Services Engineering (Introduction)

The demand for advanced telecommunication services has increased enormously the last few years. This has led to situations where the network operators have clashed new services into their networks at high speed to satisfy the customer needs. Today, when the telecommunication monopolies are breaking up, the fight for market shares has become hard. Moreover the demand for more and more specialised end-user services will continue to grow, and there will be an increasing demand for having the new services in shorter and shorter time frames. Thus, the structure and function of the switching systems will change to accommodate the need for rapid deployment of more and more customised services. The telecommunications industry, which has been interconnection-driven, will, in the future, be service-driven!
The Florence Nightingale-Mary Stanley controversy: some unpublished letters.

IN HER brief portrait of Mrs. Catherine Gladstone in 1956, Mrs. Georgina Battiscombe wrote that Mrs. Gladstone's efforts 'to be of some use in the [Crimean] war troubles' brought her into 'a most unfortunate collision' with Florence Nightingale when, under the influence of Mrs. Elizabeth Herbert, Mrs. Gladstone 'threw herself heart and soul ... into the good work of providing nurses for the military hospitals in Turkey . . .'. These efforts, declared Mrs. Battiscombe, 'took the form least likely to commend itself to Miss Nightingale...' because, like Mrs. Herbert, Mrs. Gladstone fell for 'the schemes of Mary Stanley' to lead a second party of nurses to the theatre of war. Mrs. Gladstone assisted Mrs. Herbert and Lady Canning in selecting, outfitting, and dispatching Miss Stanley's group to Constantinople and was soon involved in the quarrels and recriminations which followed the descent of the Stanley party on Turkey, and Florence Nightingale's bitter resentment of this intrusion in her preserve.' Mary Stanley, the third child of Edward Stanley, Bishop of Norwich, and sister of Arthur P. Stanley (1815-81), Dean of Westminster, was a close friend of Florence Nightingale and the Secretary of State for War, Sidney Herbert, and his wife, Elizabeth, since the 1840s.2 An ardent Puseyite, who was converted to the Roman Church during her service in Turkey in 1855,3 Mary Stanley shared Florence Nightingale's interest in nursing, but, unlike Florence Nightingale, was an ardent advocate of the Kaiserswerth plan with its emphasis on the instruction of nurses 'in the art of administering religious comfort to patients. . .'.4 She was eight years older than Florence Nightingale, but 'a strange, emotional creature' and an odd blend of religious fervor and jealousy . . .'.5 Intensely devoted to Florence Nightingale, Mary Stanley had assisted her in recruiting the first group of nurses to go to Constantinople. She was stirred by the success of the Nightingale experiment and encouraged by Cardinal Manning to lead a second party of predominately Catholic nurses to minister to the needs of Crimean War  Thus, on learning that Mary Stanley was going to Constantinople, a relative of Mary Stanley wrote: 'So Mary has reached the height of her ambition ... Such nonsense ... to say she did not wish to go.'7 Persuaded by his wife, Sidney Herbert authorized (without the approval of Florence Nightingale) the dispatch on 2 December 1855, of Mary Stanley and a mixed lot of forty-six women (fifteen nuns, nine ladies, and twenty-two nurses).8 When Florence Nightingale learned on 14 December of the impending arrival of the Stanley party, she immediately wrote a vehement remonstrance to Sidney Herbert pointing out that the dispatch of the Stanley group contravened their agreement that *Regent's Professor of History, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A.
Service desk link into IT asset disposal: A case of a discarded IT asset

With the advent of Big Data and strategic investment into complex best-in-breed Governance, Risk, Compliance initiative, and the imminent introduction of Protection of Personal Information Bill in South Africa, are organizations in control of Information Technology Asset throughout its useful life. We look at oversight over IT Asset interface with IT Service Desk support function. Intruders like flowing water will explore the weakest opening much like a chain with the weakest link. In so far sound an organization's information security and internal controls are; it takes just the non-effectiveness or non-existence of a control, such as during IT Asset disposal for a vulnerability to be exploited and a breach to occur. This paper illustrates our finding from forensic analysis of a disposed IT Asset and discovered that we are far from improper disposal and its attendant risk. In actual fact, we are able to link improper disposal to lack of integration between IT Service Desk and IT Asset Disposal. We conclude by outlining considerations an organization should consider in integrating IT asset disposal with IT service desk.
The nature and nurture of intelligence and motivation in the origins of sex differences in elementary school achievement

This study investigates the roles of intelligence and school-related motivation in sex differences in school achievement and whether there are sex differences in the genetic and environmental influences on these variables. In a sample of 4464 9-year-old twins, intelligence, ablility self-perceptions, intrinsic values and achievement scores were assessed. Girls outperformed boys in English and had better corresponding ability self-perceptions, whereas in Math boys showed better attainment and ability self-perceptions. For both sexes and all three domains, intelligence was the strongest predictor of achievement and ability self-perceptions added incrementally to the prediction. Evidence of genetic influences was found for all measures but shared environmental influences were not important. These findings challenge some widely held assumptions about the development of children's motivation.
Transactions on Rough Sets XII

Interestingly, transactions on rough sets xii that you really wait for now is coming. It's significant to wait for the representative and beneficial books to read. Every book that is provided in better way and utterance will be expected by many peoples. Even you are a good reader or not, feeling to read this book will always appear when you find it. But, when you feel hard to find it as yours, what to do? Borrow to your friends and don't know when to give back it to her or him.
Heideggerian Critique of the Role of 'Relation' in John Dewey's Philosophy of Education

vi 1. MY ‘FELT DIFFICULTY’ WITH THE ROLE OF ‘RELATION’ IN JOHN DEWEY’S PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION 1 2.  21 3. DEWEY’S MEMBERSHIP IN THE ARISTOTELIAN/KANTIAN METAPHYSICAL TRADITION 83 4. THE ‘HEIDEGGERIAN CORRECTION’ OF ARISTOTLE, KANT, AND DEWEY .....106 5. THE ‘HEIDEGGERIAN CORRECTION’ AND PRE-SERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION 135
To Be Playing to the Gallery of Oneself Alone: The Motif of Enclosure after WW II in Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar and Some Selected Poems

More than a decade after the end of WW II two important and transforming shocks were administered to American poetry: Allen Ginsberg's Howl (1956) and Robert Lowell's Life Studies (1959). Their poems anticipated and explored strains in American social relations which were to issue in the open conflicts of the 1960s and 1980s, namely the public unrest about the uses of government and industrial power; the institutions of marriage and family; the rights of racial minorities and of women. Post-war poets soon began to claim their independence in poetic manifestos, and this was the point where many began to react to the very strict and rigid methods of their academic training, which were intensely based on an English curriculum, studying critical essays of contemporary poets and critics, thinking of a poem as something totally objective and composing it in intricate stanzas and rhymes as a sign of a civilized mind's power to explore and tame raw experience. Triggered, then, was the emergence of the more exploratory styles of the 1950s and 1960s, extending the subject matter of poetry to more explicit and extreme areas of autobiography. On the other hand, a new mainstream was emerging in American fiction as well. According to Tony Tanner in The City of Words (1971), the cultivation of an inner space by the writer and his/her hero in contemporary American fiction was a recurrent one. This is exactly what Sylvia Plath traces in her works. This paper will focus on these cultural and political shifts and tensions, reflected in Plath's works, who was always hateful of being trapped in the routine of an ordinary life, especially that of a housewife in the 1950s and 1960s. I will shed light on the resulting sense of enclosure under all these pressures from the external world felt by a post-war woman poet who also suffered from manic depression.
Public enterprise reforms and efficiency in regulated environments: the case of the postal sector

This paper focuses on analyzing the effect that public reforms have on the efficiency of state-owned enterprises in regulated environments.  The research is focused in the postal sector where public and private companies must obey a legal framework related to provide a universal service. The analysis is carried out using a panel of 7 European postal operators for the period 1997-2003. The activity analyzed was the letter mail division; we take as key variable the unit cost of a letter and use a translog cost function where as independent variables we include traffic levels, labor cost per employee, quality and availability of the service as well as the type of ownership (public or private). Additionally, in a second stage the geographical differences among countries are considered.  Results indicate that postal operators that experienced organizational changes without being privatized, such as the Spanish and Greek operators, do not have higher unit costs than privatized postal operators like the one of Germany and the Netherlands. Moreover, we find that in all cases the operator of Ireland appear to be the most efficient. In this case restructuring process has been carried out giving an important leadership role to workers. This suggests us that labor culture could be a key variable to study when analyzing reform processes in public enterprises.  Our findings show that in a regulated environment like in the postal sector, public and private companies can obtain similar efficiency levels in term of unit costs.
GOING ASTRAY WITH A LOGICAL SCHEME

For purposes of clarification it is desirable to point out at the very beginning that the title of the Lewis and Smith book (“American Sociology and Pragmatism: Mead, Chicago Sociology and Symbolic Interaction”) is very much of a misnomer. On the basis of the title one would expect at least a modest coverage of the following significant topics: the distinctive nature of pragmatism as a form of philosophy; the importance of its particular picture of human action, based on functional psychology and reflecting the practical character of American frontier life; the ways in which this philosophical and psychological perspective played into the formation of early American sociology; the ways, in turn, by which early American sociological thought with its reform motif played back on pragmatic philosophy; the manner in which American pragmatism entered into and affected the development of sociological thought and research at the University of Chicago; the place of George Herbert Mead in the formation of that thought and research; and finally the ways in which the social psychological thought of Mead exercized influence on what has come to be called “symbolic interactionism.” But the book is far from presenting such an expected coverage. Instead, Lewis and Smith have picked out a recondite philosophical issue-the scholastic issue of “nominalism” versus “realism”-and used this issue to construct a narrowly conceived picture of pragmatism, Chicago Sociology, and symbolic interactionism. The result is a big void in their account. The nominalism-realism theme which Lewis and Smith use to give direction and substance to their book comes from the issue in scholastic philosophy as to whether “universals” (general items) are real or whether only “particulars” (individual objects) are real; for example, whether “redness” as a universal is real or whether only red objects are real. Philosophically, the position of “realism” is that universals are real while the position of “nominalism” is that only particular objects are real; for the nominalist, a universal (such as redness) is only a word or label that is attached to real individuals.