nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Voice against violence : young people's experiences of domestic abuse policy-making in Scotland

This study, undertaken from a feminist and children’s rights perspective, emerged from the growing body of literature on children’s experiences of domestic abuse, the challenges of 
childhood studies and the opportunities arising out of the changed socio-political landscape of Scotland since devolution. It examines, with children and young people experiencing domestic abuse, their own solutions to improve help for children and young people, their 
perspectives on real and tokenistic participation in Scotland’s policy-making and, their self-defined ethical and participatory standards to make sustained participation possible. Combining innovation in methodology and co-production of new knowledge with children 
and young people, the researcher contributes the three E’s of Enjoyment, Empowerment and Emancipation to ethical principles focussing on safety, and recommends a new ethical approach to consent that recognises children’s agency in their own lives and in deciding their own best interests. A Participatory Action Research Process over five years with 9 of the 48 young people, resulted in young people themselves becoming change agents to begin to tackle the issues that emerged from the wider study’s qualitative first part, also action-orientated through children’s political activism. For example, the lack of help, awareness and stigma attached to domestic abuse was tackled through their production of a public online awareness raising campaign and film; their critique of the previously most revered of services, Women's Aid specialist support, resulted in a multi-million fund and their analysis became the conditions of grant; the lack of respect for and inclusion of young people in policy-making they challenged through defining their terms of engagement which are explored here, sanctioned and legitimised by their emerging 'critical friendship' with Ministers. Unusually the young people participating in the study made a significant impact on Scotland’s domestic abuse policy and practice, as well as repositioning children and young people in the democratic process.
Possible ?(5S), ?(4D), ?(6S), and ?(5D) signals in \mth{\Lambda_{\rm c}\bar{\Lambda}_{\rm c}}

It is shown that the ?c+?c- signal recently reported by the Belle Collaboration ( (2008) 172001) contains clear signs of the ?(5S) and the ?(4D) c--> vector states, and also some indication for the masses and widths of the ?(6S) and ?(5D). Moreover, it is argued that the threshold behaviour of the ?c+?c- cross-section suggests the presence of the hitherto undetected ?(3D) state not far below the ?c+?c- threshold.
Approximation algorithms for unique games

We present a polynomial time algorithm based on semidefinite programming that, given a unique game of value 1 - O(1/logn), satisfies a constant fraction of constraints, where n is the number of variables. For sufficiently large alphabets, it improves an algorithm of Khot (STOC'02) that satisfies a constant fraction of constraints in unique games of value 1 -O(1/(k/sup 10/(log k)/sup 5/)), where k is the size of the alphabet. We also present a simpler algorithm for the special case of unique games with linear constraints. Finally, we present a simple approximation algorithm for 2-to-1 games.
РОССИЙСКАЯ ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ О НЕМЕЦКОЙ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ШКОЛЕ ХІХ – НАЧАЛА ХХ ВВ.

The article analyzes the publications of the Ger-man historical scholarship in Russian historiography of the XIX – early XX centuries. The interest of Russian historians to German historical scholarship was due to the fact that in the nineteenth century Germany was the center of the development of history as a science with its institutions, methodology and scientific approaches. Fromthe second half of XIX century the main directions of the German historical science and its famous historians (L. von Ranke, G. Sybel, G. Treitschke, F. Dalman, etc.) were constantly at the center of attention ofRussian historiography. The author analyzes the article about the German historical scholarship of Russian historians  (V. Gerye, V. Buzeskul, P. Vinogradov and others) in the domes-tic periodicals.   General logical methods and techniques (analysis, synthesis). Special methods of historical science: ideographical and chronological.   The article focuses on the analysis of German his-toriography of the second half of XIX – early XX centuries in domestic periodicals. The author differentiated all periodicals on groups, which allows to learn the reasons of the interest of Russian historians in the German historical schoolmore detailed. We came to the conclusion that the popularity of German historiography in the domestic periodicals was caused by a number of factors such as: the leading position of Ger-man historical scholarship in Europe, as well as excellent knowledge of Russian historians about the situation of affairs in the German scientific community, due to the continuous exchange of experience between students as well as. Purchase on Elibrary.ru > Buy now
COSMOLOGICAL DYNAMICS IN THE CASE OF POSITIVE SPATIAL CURVATURE

We investigate the simplest cosmological model with a massive real scalar non-interacting inflaton field minimally coupled to gravity. The classification of trajectories in a closed minisuperspace Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model is presented. The possible fractal nature of the set of bounced trajectories in the case of vanishing cosmological constant is discussed. The modification of this picture in the presence of a nonzero cosmological constant is presented.
Love After the Tale of Genji: Rewriting the World of the Shining Prince

The 11th century masterpiece, "The Tale of Genji" casts a long shadow across the literary terrain of the Heian period (794-1185). It has dominated critical and popular reception of Heian literary production and become the definitive expression of the aesthetics, poetics, and politics of life in the Heian court. But the brilliance of "Genji" has eclipsed the works of later Heian authors, who have since been displaced from the canon and relegated to critical obscurity. Charo B. D'Etcheverry calls for a re-evaluation of late Heian fiction by shedding new light upon this undervalued body of work. D'Etcheverry examines three representative texts - "The Tale of Sagoromo", "The Tale of the Hamamatsu Middle Counselor", and "Nezame at Night" - as legitimate heirs to the literary legacy of "Genji" and as valuable indexes to the literary tastes and readerly expectations that evolved over the Heian period. Balancing careful analyses of plot, character, and motif with keen insights into the cultural and political milieu of the late Heian period, D'Etcheverry argues that we should read such works not as mere derivatives of a canonical text, but as dynamic fictional commentaries and variations upon the tropes and subplots that continue to resonate with readers of "Genji".
The quest for rings on bipolar scales

We consider the interval $]{-1},1[$ and intend to endow it with an algebraic structure like a ring. The motivation lies in decision making, where scales that are symmetric w.r.t. 0 are needed in order to represent a kind of symmetry in the behaviour of the decision maker. A former proposal due to Grabisch was based on maximum and minimum. In this paper, we propose to build our structure on t-conorms and t-norms, and we relate this construction to uninorms. We show that the only way to build a group is to use strict t-norms, and that there is no way to build a ring. Lastly, we show that the main result of this paper is connected to the theory of ordered Abelian groups.
Approaching the restricted solid-on-solid critical points through entanglement: One model for many universalities

We analytically compute the Renyi entropies for the RSOS models, representing a wide class of exactly solvable models with multicritical conformal points described by unitary minimal models and $\mathbb{Z}_n$ parafermions. The exact expressions allow for an explicit comparison of the expansions around the critical points with the predictions coming from field theory. In this way it is possible to point out the nature of the so-called "unusual corrections", clarifying the link with the operator content, the role of the symmetries and the boundary conditions. By choosing different boundary conditions, we can single out the ground states as well as certain combinations of high energy states. We find that the {\it entanglement spectrum} is given by operators that are not present in the bulk Hamiltonian, although they belong to the same representation of a Virasoro Algebra. In the parafermionic case we observe unexpected logarithmic corrections.
"There lived in the Land of Oz two queerly made men": Queer Utopianism

The film version of L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz serves as a pop-culture icon of twentieth-century Western gay  With Judy Garland as the star, its exaggerated characters of good and evil, and its Technicolor wonderland of vibrant colors and outlandish costumes, the film displays a queer sensibility that countless viewers adore. Today gay bars in New Orleans, Seattle, and Sweden bear the name Oz, and the iconic polychromatic flag of the gay community pays homage to the film's theme song, "Over the Rainbow" References to the film appear in numerous other artifacts of gay culture, such as in Mart Crowley's The Boys in the Band when one character derides another's ostensible heterosexuality by declaring "he's about as straight as the Yellow Brick Road" (27). Daniel Harris documents the "canonic" nature of references to Oz in the oft-repeated catchphrase, "Toto, 1 don't think we're in Kansas anymore" (19), 2 which, for certain T-shirt incarnations, has been campily reformulated as "Aunt Em: Hate you! Hate Kansas! Taking the dog. Dorothy" (Gilman 127). Although numerous other cinematic classics - from Mildred Pierce to Mommie Dearest - display a queer sensibility that elevates them to the status of cultural touchstones in the gay community, The Wizard of Oz towers above the rest in terms of its iconic role in queer cinema's relationship to queer culture.3 As Harry M. Benshoff and Sean Griffin observe, "almost every viewer
Outcomes when congenital heart disease is diagnosed antenatally versus postnatally in the UK: a retrospective population-based study

BackgroundFor major congenital heart disease, the benefits of antenatal diagnosis on some post-natal measures have been suggested. However, findings have been inconclusive and focus on short term outcome measures alone with little data from a UK population. Our aim is to describe differences in reported outcomes for patients born with isolated Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome or Transposition of the Great Arteries in a UK population, following either antenatal or postnatal diagnosis.MethodsRetrospective population-based study with case note review covering a 15 year period (1st January 1998 to 31st December 2012) in the British county of Leicestershire. Cases were identified from two local registers: the East Midlands and South Yorkshire Congenital Anomaly Register and a list of surgical patient held by the East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre.ResultsIn total 52 cases of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome or Transposition of the Great Arteries were identified with 24 (46.2%) diagnosed antenatally. Maximum and minimum follow up was 181 and 16 months respectively. Median follow up was 83 months (IQR: 44–111).The risk of intubation in the postnatal period (OR: 4.64, 95% CI: 1.40 - 15.32) was greater in cases of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome or Transposition of the Great Arteries diagnosed after birth when compared to those diagnosed antenatally. There was a non-significant increase in the risk of metabolic acidosis in the postnatal period (OR: 12.5, 95% CI: 0.64 - 245.46). No differences in mortality or long-term outcomes were demonstrated between antenatally and postnatally diagnosed cohorts.ConclusionsThese results confirm data from American and European populations that, for a British population, an antenatal diagnosis of a major congenital heart disease can have a favourable impact on some postnatal outcome measures. There appears to be no evidence that time of diagnosis impacts on long-term outcome measures.
The 'Delft design method' for hydraulic engineers

This report intends to stimulate the discussion about enhancing and tuning the application of the traditional method for engineering design projects for educational purposes at Delft University of Technology - and possibly for the engineering practice as well. It aims at creating awareness of putting the design activities in a logical order and in applying the main design phases more consciously. It also attempts to enhance an integrated approach. The proposed improvements are not fundamental in the sense that they change themain design process, but they rather streamline the application of the method. I intend to incorporate feedback in a next version of this text, which will be available to anyone who is interested.
Getting beyond imagery: The challenges of reading narratives about American Indian athletes

Since the late 1800s, members of mainstream sport media have constructed narratives about American Indian athletes. Consistent with that history, American Indian athletes were featured in stories on sports television and in sports publications between November 1999 and July 2001, a time period that straddled the ending of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first centuries. This paper examines several of those stories, including an ESPN special on Native Americans in sport; the representation of Jim Thorpe in Athlete of the Century polls; the depiction of Ed ‘Wahoo’ McDaniel in Sports Illustrated; and the book A Season on the Reservation: My Sojourn With the White Mountain Apache by former Los Angeles Laker Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. The analysis reveals that racial dynamics and stereotypes about American Indians that exist broadly in US society are replicated and perpetuated in contemporary sport media narratives about American Indian athletes.
From genes to aging in Drosophila.

Despite the intimate nature of the aging process we actually know little about it. In more recent years, work on a variety of organisms, utilizing approaches including demography, molecular genetics, and epidemiology, have challenged some of the more commonly held assumptions about the aging process. These studies have served to reinvigorate the field of aging research and are beginning to lead the way in a renaissance in aging research (Helfand and Inouye, 2002). Invertebrate model systems such as Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans that permit extensive genetic analysis are at the forefront of this renaissance.
An Outline of the History of Economic Thought: Translated by David Field.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of economics from its beginnings, at the end of the Middle Ages, up to contemporary developments, including a number of significant contributions of the 1980s. The economic thought of the last 50 years has been given particular attention to reflect the remarkable growth in research accomplished during this period. The authors present traditional as well as modern theories as part of a historical process. Thus they have not only surveyed economic thought from a theoretical perspective, but have also reconstructed the intellectual climate from which new economic theories have emerged. The book therefore takes a history-of-ideas approach, whose principal aims consist, on the one hand, of understanding the context in which the ideas are formed, and, on the other, of explaining how the fundamental ideas lead to the creation of particular theoretical systems.
Foundations for relativistic quantum theory. I. Feynman’s operator calculus and the Dyson conjectures

In this paper, we provide a representation theory for the Feynman operator calculus. This allows us to solve the general initial-value problem and construct the Dyson series. We show that the series is asymptotic, thus proving Dyson’s second conjecture for quantum electrodynamics. In addition, we show that the expansion may be considered exact to any finite order by producing the remainder term. This implies that every nonperturbative solution has a perturbative expansion. Using a physical analysis of information from experiment versus that implied by our models, we reformulate our theory as a sum over paths. This allows us to relate our theory to Feynman’s path integral, and to prove Dyson’s first conjecture that the divergences are in part due to a violation of Heisenberg’s uncertainly relations.
An associative information retrieval algorithm for a Kanerva-like memory model

This paper presents an associative information retrieval algorithm for a Kanerva-like sparse distributed memory (SDM) model. This memory model is used to implement the associative level of a hierarchical heterogeneous knowledge-base model consisting of multi-levels, starting from an associative level, through to the semantic, rule-based and description-generator level as the top level in the hierarchy. The architecture of knowledge-base was inspired by biological and psychological models. The proposed algorithm retrieves concepts from the associative level based on the similarity between a concept of interest and already stored concepts. The similarity is expressed by a value of the linguistic variable. With this approach it is possible to solve a problem when the inference processes at the semantic level encounter an unknown concept of interest. The algorithm is demonstrated by retrieving concepts that were stored based on the results of psychological experiment.
Bulk Amorphous Alloys

This chapter aims to review our recent research results on new bulk amorphous alloys. The main topics are the following: (1) the finding of new amorphous alloys with high glass-forming ability in a number of alloy systems; (2) the mechanism for achieving high glass-forming ability; (3) the fundamental properties of the new amorphous alloys; (4) successful examples of producing bulk amorphous alloys by different techniques of water quenching, metallic mold casting, arc melting and unidirectional zone melting, etc.; (5) the high tensile strength, low Young’s modulus, and high impact fracture energy of nonferrous metal-based bulk amorphous alloys; (6) the soft magnetic properties of Fe- and Co-based bulk amorphous alloys; (7) hard magnetic properties of Nd- and Pr-based bulk amorphous alloys; (8) the viscous flow and microformability of bulk amorphous alloys in a supercooled liquid region, and (9) future aspects of applications. These new results enable eliminating of the limitation of sample shape which has prevented the development of amorphous alloys as engineering materials. They are expected to give rise to a new era of amorphous alloys.
Commercial systems development in a changed world

The world has changed dramatically in the past ten years due to many political, technical, and cultural imperatives. One of the key areas both affected by these changes as well as the center of the transformations is the ability to transport people and cargo quickly, efficiently, and safely anywhere in the world. Modern jet transports represent one of the largest and most complex design problems known to modern society. The systems engineering discipline offers ways to manage size and complexity and assure resulting excellence in engineering. This paper along with companion papers examine the subject of how the most recent of these airplanes, the Boeing 777, is developed and outlines the advances that were made to the systems development process. Systems engineering concepts get tested to their limits on commercial transports. Because business issues including cost and cycle time must be met on commercial projects, this paper proposes that commercial systems engineering, especially on large jet transports, provides valuable insights and lessons learned about systems engineering as an entire discipline for many types of commercial and defence applications.
LaTe, a Non-fully Deterministic Testing Language

This paper presents a case study which is the test of a voice-based service. To develop this application, we propose new functionalities for testing languages and a new language called LaTe that implements them. 
 
With LaTe, one testing scenario can describe several different executions and the interpreter tries to find the execution that best fits with the real behavior of the System Under Testing (SUT). 
 
We propose an operational semantics of these non-deterministic operators. Experimental results of the test of the voice-based service are also included.
First observation of Bs -> D_s2^*+ X mu nu decays

Using data collected with the LHCb detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, the semileptonic decays B¯ s 0 →D s * Xμ-v¯ and B¯ s 0 →D 0 K + Xμ-v¯ are detected. Two structures are observed in the D0K+ mass spectrum at masses consistent with the known Ds1+(2536) and D s2 * (2573) + mesons. The measured branching fractions relative to the total B¯ s 0 semileptonic rate are B(B¯ s 0 →D s2 *+ Xμ-v¯)/B(B¯ s 0 →D 0 →Xμ-v¯)=(3.3±1.0±0.4)%, 
B(B¯ s 0 →D s1 *+ Xμ-v¯)/B(B¯ s 0 →D 0 →Xμ-v¯)= (5.4±1.2±0.5)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the first observation of the D s2 *+ state in B¯ s 0 decays; we also measure its mass and width.
Political theory : tradition and diversity

Preface Introduction Andrew Vincent 1. Political theory and conceptual change Terence Ball 2. Poltical theory and the problem of anachronism Conal Condren 3. Utilitarianism as a public philosophy Robert E. Goodin 4. Rational choice political theory Geoffrey Brennan 5. Republican political theory Philip Pettit 6. Liberalism multiculturalism and oppression Chandran Kukathas 7. Postcolonialism and political theory Duncan Ivison 8. Legal positivism and political power Tom D. Campbell 9. Political theory international theory and the political theory of international relations David Boucher 10.  feminism interpretation and politics Elizabeth Frazer 11. Deleuze and Guattari's political philosophy Paul Patton 12. The object of political theory Barry Hindness.
Are lock-free concurrent algorithms practically wait-free?

Lock-free concurrent algorithms guarantee that some concurrent operation will always make progress in a finite number of steps. Yet programmers prefer to treat concurrent code as if it were wait-free, guaranteeing that all operations always make progress. Unfortunately, designing wait-free algorithms is generally a very complex task, and the resulting algorithms are not always efficient. While obtaining efficient wait-free algorithms has been a long-time goal for the theory community, most non-blocking commercial code is only lock-free.
 This paper suggests a simple solution to this problem. We show that, for a large class of lock-free algorithms, under scheduling conditions which approximate those found in commercial hardware architectures, lock-free algorithms behave as if they are wait-free. In other words, programmers can keep on designing simple lock-free algorithms instead of complex wait-free ones, and in practice, they will get wait-free progress.
 Our main contribution is a new way of analyzing a general class of lock-free algorithms under a stochastic scheduler. Our analysis relates the individual performance of processes with the global performance of the system using Markov chain lifting between a complex per-process chain and a simpler system progress chain. We show that lock-free algorithms are not only wait-free with probability 1, but that in fact a general subset of lock-free algorithms can be closely bounded in terms of the average number of steps required until an operation completes.
 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to analyze progress conditions, typically stated in relation to a worst case adversary, in a stochastic model capturing their expected asymptotic behavior.