nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Infusing business and brand strategies into account planning

Account planning has established itself as a core competency of many top advertising agencies. The role of account planner is a result of advertising agencies’ recognition that effective advertising demands the influence of consumer insights, competitive intelligence, and trends analysis. Yet, as necessary as the account planner’s strategic input is to the advertising placement and creative output, it does not supply the prerequisite upstream strategic foundation that is defined and delivered by business and brand strategy. Business strategy must be accounted for to ensure that a firm’s market opportunities, brand opportunities, and core competencies are being fully exploited in all marketing activities. In turn, brand strategy must be leveraged into the account planning process to ensure that a brand is optimally represented within the brand portfolio, its positioning supported, its values reflected, and its personality celebrated in all marketing communications.
The effect of strategic alignment of information systems on firm performance in the healthcare industry

This study is to empirically test the effect of strategic alignment of information systems on firm performance in the healthcare industry. By analyzing the objectives of healthcare information systems appeared in letters to shareholders, we find that firms implemented information systems with multiple objectives have higher performance than firms implemented information systems with a single objective. We also find that firms have mainly implemented information systems for the objectives of efficiency and satisfaction, rather than for internal or external growth objectives. The results suggest that heath care firms can exploit benefits from information systems with strategic alignment, especially throughout efficiency and satisfaction objectives.
Na+,K+-ATPase: on the nature of the "cross-linked" subunits obtained in the presence of o-phenanthroline and cupric ion.

In previous studies on the quaternary structure of Na + ,K + -ATPase, cupric-phenanthroline complex (CP) has been used for the cross-linking of the enzyme subunits. Here we show that the same products obtained in the presence of CP (α,α-dimer, α,β-dimer, and products of higher molecular weight) are also obtained when the enzyme is exposed to Cu 2+ without o-phenanthroline. The α,β-dimer (but not the α,α-dimer) is dissociated in the presence of EDTA; indicating that this product is not the result of the covalent cross-linking of the subunits through a disulfide bond. The nature of the α,α-dimer remains to be determined. The findings suggest that the results of “cross-linking” experiments with CP should be interpreted with caution until the products are more clearly identified.
Quantum effect and curvature strength of naked singularities

There are many solutions to the Einstein field equations that demonstrate naked singularity (NS) formation after regular evolution. It is possible, however, that such a quantum effect as particle creation prevents NSs from forming. We investigate the relation between the curvature strength and the quantum effects of NSs in a very wide class of spherical dust collapse. Through a perturbative calculation, we find that if the NS is very strong, the quantum particle creation diverges as the Cauchy horizon is approached, while if the NS is very weak, the creation should be finite. In the context of cosmic censorship, strong NSs will be subjected to the backreaction of quantum effects and may disappear or be hidden behind horizons, while weak NSs will not.
Economics and a New Social Science Threshold

I am afraid that I have set a difficult task for myself tonight. The concept that I want to share with you is not only complex but it requires me to deal with ideas that may be novel to the professional economist. However, the basic elements of the theme can be stated simply. First, I am convinced that developmental problems are the paramount issues that confront not only social science but the ongoing social process. Second, the conventional conceptual models or metaphors of social science are, taken by themselves, not adequate to permit man to deal adequately with these problems. Third, there is underway a perceptible shift in the concepts that organize and support the work of social science-one that seeks to establish a framework more adequate for the analysis and management of developmental problems. Fourth, if the discipline of economics wishes to make a contribution to economic and social development, it must share this new metaphor and submit an important part of its work to its guidance and control. Fifth, such a shift implies a number of changes in the practice of social science, including economics. Let us begin with the idea of a shift in concepts. I have in mind the perspective on science developed in Thomas Kuhn's (1964) little book The Structure of Scien-
Bio-Inspired Mechanisms for Coordinating Multiple Instances of a Service Feature in Dynamic Software Product Lines

One of the challenges in Dynamic Software Product Line (DSPL) is how to support the coordination of multiple instances of a service feature. In particular, there is a need for a decentralized decision-making capability that will be able to seamlessly integrate new instances of a service feature without an omniscient central controller. Because of the need for decentralization, we are investigating principles from self-organization in biological organisms. As an initial proof of concept, we have applied three bio-inspired techniques to a simple smart home scenario: quorum sensing based service activation, a firefly algorithm for synchronization, and a gossiping (epidemic) protocol for information dissemination. In this paper, we first explain why we selected those techniques using a set of motivating scenarios of a smart home and then describe our experiences in adopting them.
Enumerators of lambda Terms are Reducing

A closed X-term E is called an enumerator if =j )M. Here A is the set of closed X-terms,. is the set of natural numbers and the r w~> are the Church's numerals Xfx.f"x. Such an E is called reducing if, moreover An ingenious recursion theoretic proof by Statman will be presented, showing that every enumerator is reducing. I do not know any direct proof.
Curiosity Instead of Fear: Literature as Creative Inter­Religious Dialogue

The aim of this article is to present an ongoing research project focusing on art as a holistic, personal and creative arena for inter‐religious dialogue and to offer analytical reflections on such a renewed and integrated research agenda. Its findings, from a case study with literature, suggest that creative forms of dialogue can foment a fruitful combination of practical and ethical concerns and theoretical reflections. Empirical examples are given from interviews with two authors engaged in inter‐religious dialogue: Jewish novelist Susanne Levin and the Christian playwright and novelist Eric‐Emmanuel Schmitt.
Designing interfaces to support collaboration in information retrieval

Information retrieval systems should acknowledge the existence of collaboration in the search process. Collaboration can help users to be more effective in both learning systems and in using them. We consider how to build systems that more actively support collaboration. We describe a system that embodies just one kind of explicit support; a graphical representation of the search process that can be manipulated and discussed by users. A consideration of this system leads to an analysis of designing systems to support coping behaviour by users; including the need to support both help-giving by people, and recovery from the failure of intelligent agents. We also discuss the idea of interfaces as notations for supporting dialogues between people.
Trends in Mobility: A Competitive Based Approach for Virtual Mobility Providers to Participate in Transportation Markets

Mobility is necessary to participate on day-to-day life, but comes along with negative implications on our environment. A change in our mobility behavior caused by the growing digitalization and arise of new mobility services is essential to reduce the environmental impact of our mobility. To achieve such goal, new services with a strengthened competition has to be established. In addition, sharing of workforce and operating supplies between companies are addressed to adopt new business models. B2B sharing, including occasional workers, has huge potential to generate new services and business models, especially in the service sector. The described approach of a mobility broker provides such a tool for sharing between businesses, but also between businesses and occasional working persons in the field of mobility services.
Is socialism really “impossible”?

In the 1920s, Austrian‐school economists began to argue that in a fully socialized economy, free of competitively generated prices, central planners would have no way to calculate which methods of production would be the most economical. They claimed that this “economic calculation problem” showed that socialism is “impossible.” Although many believe that the Austrian position was later vindicated by the collapse of the Soviet bloc, the Austrian school's own methodology disallows such a conclusion. And historical evidence suggests that poor incentives—not lack of economic calculation—were the main source of the economic defects of “really existing socialism.”
New physics beyond the standard model of particle physics and parallel universes

It is shown that if - and only if - ``parallel universes'' exist, an electroweak vacuum that is expected to have decayed since the big bang with a high probability might exist. It would neither necessarily render our existence unlikely nor could it be observed. In this special case the observation of certain combinations of Higgs-boson and top-quark masses - for which the standard model predicts such a decay - cannot be interpreted as evidence for new physics at low energy scales. The question of whether parallel universes exist is of interest to our understanding of the standard model of particle physics.
Cobblers and Song-birds: The Language and Imagery of Disability

In this article the author traces the development and delivery of a workshop on the language and imagery of disability. Within a context of post-modernist ontology and epistemology in which he sees language as the constituent of being, he examines the perceived discrepancy between attitude and structures in relation to disability, considering on the way questions of power and identity. Using a new paradigm narrative, model he discusses the language and imagery of disability created by means of a self-contained text in the workshop, attempting to demonstrate that any language behaviour will illustrate stereotypes in the wider societal culture. Because of the textual methodology he discusses briefly the nature of ‘readership’. The workshop was for him an exploration and his discoveries lead him to examine the implications for disabled consultant/trainers and disabled people generally with respect to their relationship with non-disabled society.
The impact of pulmonary arterial hypertension-targeted therapy on survival in Chinese patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

The survival rates of Chinese patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) on conventional therapy at 1 and 3 years were 68.0% and 38.9%, respectively. Our aim was to update recent knowledge on the demographics, clinical course, hemodynamic features, disease management, and survival of adult patients with IPAH. This retrospective and observational study was conducted at the largest tertiary referral center in China. Ninety patients with IPAH who underwent initial evaluation at Fu Wai Hospital from January 2006 through November 2009 were retrospectively enrolled. The primary outcome was death. Statistical analyses used included independent sample t test, nonparametric test, Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Of the 90 patients enrolled, the median age was 32 years with female predominance. The median interval from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 14 months. Patients exhibited severe exercise limitation and hemodynamic abnormalities at diagnosis. Only 10.6% had a positive vasoreactivity test, while calcium channel blockers were given to 22.2% of patients. Fifty-nine patients (65.6%) received PAH-targeted therapies during follow-up. Our survival rates of 84.1%, 73.7%, and 70.6% at 1-, 2-, and 3-years compared favorably with predicted survival based on the National Institutes of Health equation which showed 1-, 2-, and 3-years survival rates of 67.7%, 55.9%, and 47%, respectively. For the patients receiving conventional therapy solely, the 1- and 3-years survival rates were 67.0% and 49.3%, respectively. Younger age, lower body mass index, presence of pericardial effusion, and absence of PAH-targeted therapy were independently associated with mortality. We concluded that patients with IPAH were still diagnosed too late, and while survival rates have improved in the modern treatment era, there is still room for improvement.
Organic phosphates and ligand binding in hemoglobin.

Although several organic phosphates appear to react rapidly with hemoglobin, and to be nearly at equilibrium with the various intermediates during oxygen binding, pyridoxal phosphate reacts quite slowly, allowing study of the properties of intermediates bound both to organic phosphate and to oxygen. The affinity for oxygen and the n value are much decreased as compared with stripped hemoglobin. It has been calculated that about a third to a half of the heme-heme interaction energy is associated with binding of organic phosphates or other anions, in a linked reaction occurring only with tetrameric hemoglobin, which must therefore be considered as the smallest unit permitting a meaningful. description of hemoglobin-ligand interactions.
Petrology and chemistry of Guadalupe Island: An alkalic seamount on a fossil ridge crest

Guadalupe Island consists of two partly overlapping shield volcanoes that are overlain by a thick series of flank and fissure eruptions. The northern shield volcano is the younger of the two. Together, the shields and fissural volcanism form a complete alkali olivine basalt to trachyte series. This series is mineralogically, chemically, and isotopically similar to other such volcanic series that are characteristic of central volcanoes located on the flanks of active mid-ocean ridges. Guadalupe, however, is located on the axis of a fossil ridge crest. Its origin must therefore be considered in the context of the petrologic consequences of ridge-crest jumps and the subsequent history of abandoned ridge-crest segments. The unique tectonic setting of Guadalupe allows some constraints to be placed on viable geometric models of chemical and isotopic heterogeneities in the suboceanic upper mantle.
East Asian Growth before and after the Crisis

The paper surveys the literature on the growth performance of the East Asian economies, evaluates the sustainability of that performance, and provides a preliminary assessment of their long-term growth prospects in the aftermath of the current crisis. It highlights special features of East Asian growth, including unusually high factor accumulation and a favorable demographic transition, but argues that total factor productivity growth has generally been somewhat disappointing. It argues that there are downside risks to the East Asian “developmental state” model, and that it may become less attractive as these economies mature.
Loan-Portfolio Quality and the Diffusion of Technological Innovation

We study the economic forces that drive innovation in credit-risk assessment and the role of regulators in fostering technological progress. Recent regulatory proposals base capital-adequacy standards on banks' own internal systems and call for regulators to establish a set of best practices for the industry. We find that the dissemination of innovations mandated by this approach generates a tension between lowering aggregate banking-system risk ex post and providing banks with incentives to innovate ex ante. Moreover, this tension arises purely from regulatory concern for bank safety and not from any interest in promoting competition. We show that achieving the optimal level of innovation requires that regulators restrict the diffusion of technology. If regulators are unable to commit to specific dissemination policies, it may be beneficial to let banks assert intellectual property rights through, for instance, the patenting of their innovations.
Going Backwards, Moving Forwards: The Return of Modernism in the Work of Athina Rachel Tsangari

This paper focuses on the aesthetic trajectory of the filmmaker Athina Rachel Tsangari from 1995 until today, so as to trace the main characteristics of her style. The starting point of this examination is her first feature film The Slow Business of Going (2001) that will be discussed as an example of post-classical narration perfectly in tune with issues that became central in the discourse of postmodernism. The examination will continue with Attenberg (2010), as a return to a modernist vocabulary with references to the art-house film of the 1960s and 1970s and will conclude with her recent project, The Capsule (2012), as an example of experimental avant-garde cinema. Furthermore, I trace the influences from international modernist directors, specifically Chantal Akerman and Jean Luc Godard, and at the same time establish a link with the Greek directors of the generation of the New Greek Cinema. One of the questions to be answered is how, despite the seemingly radical changes in her style, Tsangari’s work gives the impression of evolution and continuity through stylistic forms of antithesis and opposition, and how the filmmaker deals with authorship. This study aims at helping to define the Greek ‘weird’ wave in terms not only of topics, production, promotion, or its relation to the crisis, but in terms of aesthetic choices.
An Analysis of China's Educational Reform of University from "Tsien Hsueshen's Question"

The paper gives an analysis of educational reform in China. The expansion of colleges and universities brings various kinds of drawbacks, such as pushing too fast, bureaucrat management and deviation from realities. Consequently, our universities fail to produce excellent talents. The paper proposes that universities should take the quality education as the goal, and transform from government civil service to faculty governance. The purpose of educating outstanding talents for the society will be achieved.  Tsian Hsueshen's question; talents; educational reform
The Peterlee Relational Test Vehicle - A System Overview

A high-level data-base system, the Peterlee Relational Test Vehicle (PRTV), provides flexible, interactive data-base support and functional extensibility. The user sees the system primarily through a programming language called ISBL, which is designed for manipulating bulk data held in relations. PRTV is not a fullfledged data-base system, but rather an evolving prototype which is expected to aid in solving some of the problems that have been encountered in using relational data bases. PRTV embodies research both in data-base language design and in efficient implementation techniques.
Policy Response to External Shocks: Lessons from the Crisis *

Emerging economies have been subject to abrupt reversals in capital inflows, which have adverse consequences for economic activity and financial stability. An important question for policymakers is how to respond to a sudden loss of external financing and its negative effects on the domestic economy. The experience of emerging economies through the recent financial crisis shows that those economies with relatively better economic fundamentals were able to implement countercyclical policies. This paper provides a simple analytical framework to rationalize this evidence. In particular, it addresses this issue by developing a small-scale macroeconomic model of the New Keynesian type. Numerical exercises illustrate how both credible monetary and fiscal policies increase policymakers’ degrees of freedom to respond to adverse external shocks.
An Evaluation of the Effect of US Financial Privacy Legislation Through the Analysis of Privacy Policies

Little research exists measuring the effectiveness of privacy legislation as compared to self-regulation. As policy makers, advocates and industry groups debate new privacy legislation, empirical research on the effectiveness of existing privacy legislation is needed to help inform the debate. We conducted a longitudinal study of the privacy policies posted online between 1999 and 2005 for 50 companies in the US financial industry. We analyzed these policies to determine how they changed over this time period and what changes were likely prompted by compliance requirements of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLB) privacy rule. We also conducted a similar analysis of the privacy policies from 10 retailers over the same time period. The retailers were not subject to US privacy regulation and thus serve as a control group. Our research shows that since the GLB Act has gone into effect, financial privacy notices are more complete, however we have not found a significant change in the privacy choices offered to consumers. We observed that large banks and credit card companies minimally comply with GLB. While complying with the regulation, they are still able to collect large amounts of information about customers and share the information extensively with affiliates. They also take advantage of the exceptions provided by the law to share with third parties without giving consumers choices. Finally, we observe that choices about third party sharing offered by financial institutions tend not be as good as those available from retailers.
A Paradigm for the Application of Cloud Computing in Mobile Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Nowadays, with the rapid growth of cloud computing, many industries are going to move their computing activities to clouds. Researchers of virtual learning are also looking for the ways to use clouds through mobile platforms. This paper offers a model to accompany the benefits of“Mobile Intelligent Learning” technology and “Cloud Computing”. The architecture of purposed system is based on multi-layer architecture of Mobile Cloud Computing. Despite the existing challenges, the system has increased the life of mobile device battery. It will raise working memory capacity and processing capacity of the education al system in addition to the greater advantage of the educational system . The proposed system allows the users to enjoy an intelligent learning every -time and every-where, reduces training costs and hardware dependency, and increases consistency, efficiency, and data reliability.
Liquid Crystallinity of p-Aramid/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Composites

A systematic study regarding the liquid crystallinity of p-Aramid and MWCNTs composite at various p-Aramid and MWCNTs concentrations in sulphuric acid was investigated and optimized by solution viscosity measurement and opalescence observation. We observed a merged liquid crystalline phase consisting of both p-Aramid and MWCNTs, and we believe this is the first study to report this combined liquid crystalline phase in one suspension. In addition to providing fundamental insights, we envision this study could be useful to those developing a strong, light, and high-performance polymeric composite fibers.