nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Pricing-to-Market and the Failure of Absolute PPP

The authors show that deviations from the law of one price in tradable goods are an important source of violations of absolute PPP across countries. Using highly disaggregated export data, they document systematic international price discrimination: at the U.S. dock, U.S. exporters ship the same good to low-income countries at lower prices. This pricing-to-market is about twice as important as any local non-traded inputs, such as distribution costs, in explaining the differences in tradable prices across countries. The authors propose a model of consumer search that generates pricing-to-market. In this model, consumers in low-income countries have a comparative advantage in producing non-traded, non-market search activities and therefore are more price sensitive than consumers in high-income countries. They present cross-country time use evidence and evidence from U.S. export prices that are consistent with the model.
Marketing capabilities and innovation-based strategies for environmental sustainability: An exploratory investigation of B2B firms

While emerging literature on sustainability shows that environmentally responsible strategies can contribute to competitive advantage and enhanced financial performance, little is known about specific marketing capabilities that lead to sustainable consumption behavior, and whether implementing such strategies leads to firm competitive advantage. Using the case method approach, this study explores marketing-related strategies and practices pertaining to sustainable consumption as reported by leading sustainable firms in the B2B context. We examine case studies of forty seven B2B firms and identify key marketing capabilities that tie to innovation-based sustainability strategies, sustainable consumption behavior and firm performance. We use our findings to develop a conceptual framework linking marketing capabilities to innovation strategies for firm sustainability, sustainable consumption behavior and firm competitive advantage, and put forward propositions for future research.
Ocean Ridge Granite and Its Geochemical Characteristics in Western Qinghai—Xizang Plateau

In our work, ocean ridge granite, i.e., Oytag plagiogranite massif, was discovered in western Qinghai-Xizang plateau. It intruded into the basic lava of the Oytag ophiolite suite and it was formed a little later than the (ultra) mafic rocks of the Oytag ophiolite suite. The Oytag plagiogranite possesses the geochemical characteristics of mantle-source granite and was formed in the "supra-subduction zone" (SSZ) ocean ridge environment, like the ocean ridge granite of Troodos,
Neither Market nor Hierarchy nor Network: The Emergence of Bazaar Governance

A growing body of literature describes the open source phenomenon in the software industry. Drawing on transaction cost economics, we propose that open source projects illustrate a new generic governance structure — which we label bazaar governance — based on a specific legal contract: the open licence. We characterize this structure in terms of its strengths and weaknesses and compare it to market, firm and network forms. Low levels of control and weak incentives intensity are distinctive features of bazaar, lending a high uncertainty to governed transactions. However, bazaar governance promotes the openness of open source communities, which can generate strong positive network externalities and subsequent efficiency in cumulative transactions. Our theoretical developments offer a potential basis for future research.
The Architectural Treatise of the Italian Renaissance: Architectural Invention, Ornament, and Literary Culture

1. Of archaeology and license 2. Vitruvius 3. Literary grids and artistic intersections 4. Alberti 5. Francesco di Giorgio Martini 6. Serlio and the theoretization of ornament 7. Spini and the Architectural Imitatio 8. Palladio and Aesthetics Necessita Scamozzi and Gesamttheorie.
North American Water and Environment Congress & Destructive Water

This proceedings contains papers presented at the North American Water and Environment Congress ’96 of the ASCE’s Environmental Engineering Division, Water Resources Engineering Division and Water Resources Planning and Management Division, held in Anaheim, California, June 22-28, 1996. Also included in this proceedings are the abstracts of the papers presented at the Destructive Water Conference of the IAHS and ASCE held concurrently at the same location. The purpose of the North American Water and Environment Congress ’96 was to provide a forum of discussion and exchange of information on a broad spectrum of areas in water resources and environmental engineering, including planning, design, research and management. One major focus was on the international issues relating to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). In addition, the Destructive Water Conference addressed a broad spectrum of issues related to disaster abatement and control for all types of flooding and accidental pollution. The papers and abstracts in this proceedings explore potential solutions to critical water resources and environmental problems. The topics covered include, but are not limited to: 1) Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses; 2) irrigation and drainage issues; 3) environmental impacts and mitigation; 4) surface water and groundwater studies; 5) flood damage and risk assessment; 6) bridge scour evaluation; 7) wetlands studies; 8) water and wastewater treatment; 9) geoenvironmental topics; 10) geographic information systems (GIS); 11) physical and mathematical modeling; 12) computer applications; 13) wildlife and aquatic habitat management; 14) U.S.-Mexico border issues; 15) U.S.-Canada water and environmental issues; 16) NAFTA related matters; and 17) international water and environmental problems and solutions.
A noncommutative extension of Mahler's theorem on interpolation series

In this paper, we prove an extension of Mahler's theorem on interpolation series, a celebrated result of p-adic analysis. Mahler's original result states that a function from N to Z is uniformly continuous for the p-adic metric d"p if and only if it can be uniformly approximated by polynomial functions. We prove the same result for functions from a free monoid A^* to Z, where d"p is replaced by the pro-p metric, the profinite metric on A^* defined by p-groups.
We All Want a Revolution: Neustadt, New Institutionalism, and the Future of Presidency Research

The publication of Richard E. Neustadt's “Presidential Power” in 1960 revolutionized presidential studies—a revolution that continues today. Contrary to claims that his book “personalized” presidential studies, thus delaying research progress, scholars' efforts to grapple with Neustadt's teachings inspired some of the subfield's most significant and enduring research agendas. Many of Neustadt's most important insights, however, such as the link between information, institutions, and presidential decision making, have yet to receive the scrutiny they deserve. To take full advantage of the revolution that Neustadt started, scholars will need to avoid methodological parochialism and finger pointing and instead concentrate their efforts on putting the rest of Neustadt's claims to the test.
Interaction of beta-amyloid(1-40) peptide with pairs of metal ions: An electrospray ion trap mass spectrometric model study.

The stoichiometries and the affinity toward simple and paired metal ions of synthetic amyloid-beta(1-40) peptide (Abeta1-40) were investigated by electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), circular dichroism (CD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results lead to the working hypothesis that pH-dependent metal binding to Abeta1-40 may induce conformational changes, which affect the affinity toward other metals. A significant copper and zinc binding to Abeta1-40 peptide at pH 5.5 was found, whereas nickel ions commonly bind to each molecule of beta-amyloid peptide. Some complexes of Abeta1-40 with more than one nickel ion were identified by ESI-MS. In addition, nickel ions proved to enhance Abeta oligomerization. On increasing pH, up to 12 ions of zinc may bind to a single Abeta molecule. Under the same pH and concentration conditions, the binding pattern of the independent copper and silver ions to Abeta1-40 was different from that of the equimolecular mixture of the two metal ions. One might assume that some conformational changes due to water loss altered the capacity of Abeta peptide to bind certain heavy metal ions. As a consequence, copper-silver interaction with the binding process to Abeta1-40 became highly complex. A competition between silver and nickel ions for Abeta1-40 binding sites at high pH was also observed. New strategies were proposed to identify the characteristic signals for some important metal ion-peptide complexes in the spectra recorded at high pH or high concentrations of metal ions. To explain the formation of such a large number of high metal ion-Abeta complexes, we took into consideration the participation of both histidine residues and free amino groups as well as carboxylate ones in the binding process. Finally, CD and AFM studies supported the mass spectrometric data.
Tertiary intrusives of the Central Alps: their tertiary uplift, erosion, redeposition and burial in the south-alpine foreland

Tertiary plutonite boulders embedded in the Oligocene-Miocene Gonfolite Lombarda Group («Molasse») of the southern Alpine foreland (Como-Varese region; Northern Italy) were sampled for K/Ar- and fission track dating. The data allow to reveal markedly different cooling patterns for two distinct textural types of tonalites («serizzo»). Dating of boulders emplaced in younger conglomerates (Miocene) demonstrate the deceleration of uplift in the hinterland during the Miocene. Some conclusions about the origin of the boulders are possible when the uplift data are compared with uplift patterns of the Central Alpine hinterland (Bergell; Mera valley; Passo San Jorio)
From Marx to market and back again: Performing the economy

This article argues for a more constructive dialogue between political–economic and other heterodox economic approaches to capitalist markets. Arguing that political economists’ suspicion of “techno-cultural” approaches is overstated, and drawing closely on the work of David Harvey, the article explores the potential for one particular such approach – that which emphasizes the “performativity” of markets – to contribute towards one particular variant of political economy: the classical political economy of Marx.
Theoretical study of the activation of CH4 – nFn (n = 1–3) molecules by platinum in the gas-phase

The gas-phase reactions of fluorocarbon compounds CH 4 –  n F n ( n  = 1–3) with Pt ( 3 D, 1 S) have been systematically explored via density functional theory (DFT) in order to investigate the mechanisms of these reactions. The results indicate that a reaction of CH 3 F with Pt ( 3 D, 1 S) experiences a rearrangement process to generate counterintuitive production (CH 2 F−PtH). CH 2 F 2 and CHF 3 activation by Pt ( 3 D, 1 S) yields high-oxidation-state complexes with carbon–metal double bonds. Moreover, the attack of platinum atoms on fluorine atoms in different fluorocarbon compounds involves intersystem crossing (ISC) between triplet and singlet state Potential Energy Surfaces (PESs). The crossing points (CPs) have been located by the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) approach used by Yoshizawa et al. and corresponding minimum energy crossing points (MECPs) obtained by the mathematical algorithm proposed by Harvey et al. have also been used. Additionally, possible spin inversion processes are discussed using spin–orbit coupling (SOC) calculations.
Fabrication of fine grained molybdenum by fast resistance sintering under ultra-high pressure

A novel fast resistance sintering method has been developed to fabricate pure Mo bulk material with fine grain size and high sinter density. A pure Mo compact with more than 98.5% theoretical density and grain size less than 2 μm has been successfully fabricated without any sintering additive or grain growth inhibitor under ultra-high pressure of 9000 MPa, sintering temperature of 1300 °C for only 60 s. The relationships between microstructure, basic mechanical property and processing parameters, including pressure, input power and sintering time, were investigated.
The Management of Software Engineering, Part I: Principles of Software Engineering

Software engineering may be defined as the systematic design and development of software products and the management of the software process. Software engineering has as one of its primary objectives the production of programs that meet specifications, and are demonstrably accurate, produced on time, and within budget. This paper in five parts discusses the principles and practices used by the IBM Federal Systems Division for the design, development, and management of software. 
 
The general principles of software engineering are set forth in Part I, in which the author relates software engineering to the whole field of the system development process-system engineering, hardware engineering, software engineering, and system integration. Presented briefly are overviews of the major aspects of software engineering--design, development, and management.
Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection

Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property (IP) rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect IP. We investigate the impact of modularity on IP protection by formally modeling the threat of expropriation by agents. The principal has three options to address this threat: trust, licensing, and paying agents to stay loyal. We show how the principal can influence the value of these options by modularizing the system and by hiring clans of agents, thus exploiting relationships among them. Extensions address screening and signaling in hiring, the effects of an imperfect legal system, and social norms of fairness. We illustrate our arguments with examples from practice.
Review: The Organs of J. S. Bach: A Handbook

The Organs of J. S.  A Handbook , by Christoph Wolff and Markus Zepf. Translation by Lynn Edwards Butler.  Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 2012. xxv, 208 pp.

 J. S. Bach at His Royal Instrument: Essays on His Organ Works , by Russell Stinson. Oxford and New York:  2012. xi, 203 pp.

 Bach's Feet: The Organ Pedals in European Culture , by David Yearsley. Musical Performance and Reception. Cambridge and New York:  2012. xiv, 298 pp.

Ever since the ancient Greeks, technological innovation has been a driving force in Western civilization. Inventions such as the repeating rifle, the battleship, nuclear weapons, and drones have revolutionized relationships and interactions among peoples, nations, empires, and alliances. Notation, the printing press, the invention and improvement of instruments, electronic synthesis, the computer, sampling, and the internet have successively disrupted and revolutionized the fields of music and musicology. Among musical instruments, the organ has been especially susceptible to technological changes—from the water organs of Egypt, to the powerful mechanical-action instruments of J. S. Bach's day, to the electro-pneumatic action pipe organs of the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, to analog, digitized, and sampled electronic instruments of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Three recent publications focused on one of the oldest topics in music scholarship—J. S. Bach as organist, organ composer, organ expert, and canonic culture-hero—offer new perspectives and insights. The Handbook by Christoph Wolff and Markus Zepf leads us into experiential engagement with Bach's instruments—a scholarly guidebook to the organological landscape. Russell Stinson's collection of essays provides new studies concerning the historical construction of Bach the Organist. And David Yearsley's Bach's Feet shows us how knowledge of Bach research of the past sixty-five years can be blended with insights derived from new ways of musicological thinking—such as compositional procedure, carnal musicology, disability studies, memory studies, politics, and others—to produce thematically based narratives which, at times, have the page-turning qualities of a Dan Brown novel.

“Historically informed performance” is a widely (though not universally) endorsed musicological aspiration, and nowhere is it more relevant than with respect to music for the organ, of which Bach's compositions comprise a substantial percentage of the repertory. Understanding how an organ work was originally created for a vast cathedral, a city church, a castle chapel, or a …
Elementary algebra revisited: Randomized algorithms

We look at some simple algorithms for elementary problems in algebra that yield dramatic efficiency improvements over standard methods through randomization. The randomized algorithms are, in a sense, “obvious”. Their formal statement was delayed partly by the need for rigorous analysis, but more so by the need to re-think traditional approaches to elementary algorithms. We illustrate this philosophy with some basic problems in computational number theory (GCD of many integers), linear algebra (low-rank Gaussian elimination) and group theory (random subproducts for subgroup construction), along with a brief survey of other areas.
Zeroth Sound Modes of Dilute Fermi Gas with Arbitrary Spin

Motivated by the recent success of optical trapping of alkali bosons, we have studied the zeroth sound modes of dilute Fermi gases with arbitrary spin-f, which are spin-S excitations ($0\leq S\leq 2f$). The dispersion of the mode (S) depends on a single Landau parameter $F^{(S)}$, which is related to the scattering lengths of the system through a simple formula. Measurement of (even a subset of) these modes in finite magnetic fields will enable one to determine all the interaction parameters of the system.
The toughening mechanism and mechanical properties of graphene-reinforced zirconia ceramics by microwave sintering

ABSTRACTThe graphene/ZrO2 composites were fabricated by impregnating graphene dispersion into the ZrO2 ceramic matrix and sintered by microwave, and the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The results showed that the graphene was well dispersed in the ceramic matrix and refined the grain size. The fracture toughness reached 8.62 MPa m1/2, confirmed by single-edge notched beam, which was 42% higher than that of the pure ZrO2. Also, the toughening mechanisms were investigated by micro-hardness testing and showed that a combination of crack deflection, micro-crack and crack bridging increased the fracture toughness.
Cut with the Kitchen Knife: The Weimar Photomontages of Hannah Hoch

Representing the New Woman 1 The Berlin Dada Photomontages 2 Mass Media, Modernism, and the avant-garde 3 Hannah Hoch's Mass Media Scrapbook: Utopias of the Twenties 4 Portraits, Dancers, and Coquettes: The Modem Woman in Hoch's Photomontages, 1923-35 5 From An Ethnographic Museum 6 Androgyny and Spectatorship  A "A Glance Over My Life" The Painter"  "A Few Words on Photomontage" by Hannah Hoch Notes Bibliography.
Microstructure and spectral selectivity of Mo–Al2O3 solar selective absorbing coatings after annealing

Mo, Al 2 O 3 single layer, Mo–Al 2 O 3 granular cermet layer, Mo/Al 2 O 3 tandem and an optimized Mo–Al 2 O 3 multilayer coating with a double cermet layer configuration were deposited on stainless steel substrates by magnetron sputtering technique. The samples were annealed in vacuum at different temperatures ranging from 350 °C to 1000 °C for 2–5 h to evaluate their thermal stability. The spectral absorbance and thermal emissivity for the multi-layer selective coatings in the region of 1.3–25 μm were 0.91–0.93 and 0.19–0.27, respectively, depending on heat treatment temperature. Increasing annealing temperature has more obvious influence on the rise of emissivity than the drop of spectral absorbance. The microstructure, surface morphology, composition distribution and diffusion for various films before and after high temperature aging were investigated employing scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Fe 2 O 3 , as a diffusion barrier between Mo layer and SS substrate, effectively holds back the presence of Mo 2 C and Fe 2 MoC complex phases. Al 2 O 3 is a stable phase even at 1000 °C for 3 h. However, defects such as widened boundaries, cracks and holes, which could appear in Al 2 O 3 layer when heated at higher temperature than 650 °C, will provide the paths of Mo diffusion. Two diffusion modes of Mo, including inner self-congregation of Mo inside the cermet layer and Mo infiltration through the Al 2 O 3 layer in Mo/Al 2 O 3 tandem at 800 °C for 5 h, were observed after annealing.
Romanticism and Colonial Disease

Colonial experience was profoundly structured by disease, as expansion brought people into contact with new and deadly maladies. Pathogens were exchanged on a scale far greater than ever before. Native populations were decimated by wave after wave of Old World diseases. In turn, colonists suffered disease and mortality rates much higher than in their home countries. Not only disease, but the idea of disease, and the response to it, deeply affected both colonizers and those colonized. In Romanticism and Colonial Disease, Alan Bewell focuses on the British response to colonial disease as medical and literary writers, in a period roughly from the end of the eighteenth century to the middle of the nineteenth century, grappled to understand this new world of disease. Bewell finds this literature characterized by increasing anxiety about the global dimensions of disease and the epidemiological cost of empire. Colonialism infiltrated the heart of Romantic literature, affecting not only the Romantics' framing of disease but also their understanding of England's position in the colonial world. The first major study of the massive impact of colonial disease on British culture during the Romantic period, Romanticism and Colonial Disease charts the emergence of the idea of the colonial world as a pathogenic space in need of a cure, and examines the role of disease in the making and unmaking of national identities.
Romantic Aesthetics and Abolitionist Activism: African Beauty in Germaine de Staël's Mirza ou Lettre d’un voyageur

In 1786, long before the definitive end of slavery in France, a young Germaine de Stael penned Mirza ou Lettre d’un voyageur, an African tale of love and the slave trade recounted by a European narrator. In this novella, Stael boldly challenges neoclassical ideals of beauty through the story of two black Senegambians, Mirza and Ximeo, from warring ethnicities in the Kingdom of Cayor. Through these characters, Stael presents to the European reader a new concept of beauty, a contagious beauty, that she hopes will move her or him to pity and recognition of the basic humanity of slaves. In addition, via this new beauty, Stael hopes to dispose the reader to arguments in favor of abolition, both of the slave trade and slavery. Mirza ou Lettre d’un voyageur, a work heretofore largely ignored, can thus be read as the presentation of Romantic beauty as central to Stael's political views and especially to her abolitionist agenda.
Engineering a successful partnership between academia and the financial industry: A software engineering program for IT professionals

This paper describes an ongoing partnership between the Seidenberg School of Computer Science and Information Systems at Pace University, a Registered Education Provider (REP) for IEEE and the Information Technology Division at Bank of New York Mellon. The goal of the project is to deliver at the bank's location, a high quality, customized, graduate program in software engineering as well as to reflect on its strong and weak points and improve it. More importantly, through intense interaction with the Bank's IT Management, to ensure that the academic program matches their actual needs. The technology transfer, the customized training and the challenges are discussed.