nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The eleventh hour? Monitoring the English rural tradition in the 1990s and beyond.

It is something of an irony that in many ways the rural tradition in English life was studied more intensively and systematically a century ago than is the case today. The burgeoning of scholarly interest in language, history, tradition and society at both local and national level in the late nineteenth century provided a wealth of data for modern researchers across a wide range of disciplines. While some of this material inevitably appears dated and indeed at times inaccurate or erroneous, there is a great deal of value in the records of rural life painstakingly set down by those pioneering chroniclers, notably in the last three decades of the nineteenth century and up to the time of the First World War. It has been fashionable in recent years to denigrate the work of these early writers and collectors, or indeed to dismiss them altogether. The label ‘antiquarian’, so glibly attached to several generations of nineteenth-century scholars, has become a pejorative, redolent of the amateur, the dilettante and the pedant. While it cannot be denied that a proportion of antiquarian writing is trivial, mundane or self-indulgent, it is manifestly incorrect to treat all such work with contempt. Indeed we are greatly indebted to these individuals, and especially to those whose methods and observations were as rigorous and scholarly as possible, given the criteria and standards of their day. Nor did they confine themselves within the constricting limits of our modern academic disciplines. Their interests were wide-ranging, and they closely observed the rural scene from many different perspectives, thus building up a much fuller picture of life and society in a given locality than would usually be the case today.
대학운동선수의 라이프스타일이 진로결정수준과 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among the life-style, career decision level, career preparation behavior for collegiate that helps the career decision and career preparation for collegiate athletes after graduating school and provides the basic actual proof data for creating program of career decisional preparation to coach. The subject of this study was selected using the convenience sampling method from chosen athletes population attending at the collegiate in Seoul and Kyoung-gi province. Of all those 500 respondents, 91 samples were deleted. At the result, a total of 409 samples was used for the data analysis. Through this process, the results were as follows: First, completism was negative influence to direction consultation. Second, style-pursuit was positive influence to direction conversation. Last, career decision level was positive influence to finding direction and direction consultation.
A Scottish Ecopoetics: Feminism and Environmentalism in the Works of

The article examines the ongoing attempts of contemporary Scottish poets Kathleen Jamie (1962–) and Valerie Gillies (1948–) to develop a feminist and environmentalist nature poetry that re-envisions the connection between nature and humanity. These poets’ artistic journeys have led them from traditional print-page poetry to challenging multimedia art forms that combine the visual and the written word, as in Jamie’s combination of photography and the lyrical essay in Findings (2005) and Gillies’s poetic collaborations with sculptors along the Tweed River (1998–2001). In the process, they have created a place-sensitive art that embodies a dialogical interaction with nature, reflective of an understanding of humanity’s simultaneous separation from and continuity with nature. Their work suggests that a feminist environmental art requires an equally feminist aesthetics, one that breaks down boundaries—between various art forms, between art and nature, and art and society—in order to change perception and envision alternative ways of living.
Complex-formation between cytochrome c and cytochrome c peroxidase. Equilibrium and titration studies.

1. Physical studies of complex-formation between cytochrome c and yeast peroxidase are consistent with kinetic predictions that these complexes participate in the catalytic activity of yeast peroxidase towards ferrocytochrome c. Enzyme-ferricytochrome c complexes have been detected both by the analytical ultracentrifuge and by column chromatography, whereas an enzyme-ferrocytochrome c complex was demonstrated by column chromatography. Estimated binding constants obtained from chromatographic experiments were similar to the measured kinetic values. 2. The physicochemical study of the enzyme-ferricytochrome c complex, and an analysis of its spectrum and reactivity, suggest that the conformation and reactivity of neither cytochrome c nor yeast peroxidase are grossly modified in the complex. 3. The peroxide compound of yeast cytochrome c peroxidase was found to have two oxidizing equivalents accessible to cytochrome c but only one readily accessible to ferrocyanide. Several types of peroxide compound, differing in available oxidizing equivalents and in reactivity with cytochrome c, seem to be formed by stoicheiometric amounts of hydrogen peroxide. 4. Fluoride combines not only with free yeast peroxidase but also with peroxidase-peroxide and accelerates the decomposition of the latter compound. The ligand-catalysed decomposition provides evidence for one-electron reduction pathways in yeast peroxidase, and the reversible binding of fluoride casts doubt upon the concept that the peroxidase-peroxide intermediate is any form of peroxide complex. 5. A mechanism for cytochrome c oxidation is proposed involving the successive reaction of two reversibly bound molecules of cytochrome c with oxidizing equivalents associated with the enzyme protein.
Brodsky's poetics and aesthetics

Nobel Lecture 1987, Joseph Brodsky The complicity of the real - affinities in the poetics of Brodsky and Mandel'stham, Leon Burnett politics/poetics, Lev Loseff variations on the theme of exile, George L.Kline the ironic journey into antiquity, Georges Nivat notes on the sonnets to Mary Queen of Scots, Peter France "Polden' v komnate", G.S.Smith a journey from Petersburg to Istanbul, Tomas Venclova similarity in disparity, Valentina Polukhina beginning at the end - rhyme and enjambment in Brodsky's poetry, Barry P.Scherr an interview with Bella Akhmadulina, Valentina Polukhina.
Environmental Science: A Global Concern, 5th edition

Sat, 16 Feb 2019 08:24:00 GMT environmental science a global concern pdf The environmental movement (sometimes referred to as the ecology movement), also including conservation and green politics, is a diverse scientific, social, and ... Sat, 16 Feb 2019 11:37:00 GMT Environmental movement Wikipedia Environmental Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, Links, Authorship, and Address,  A SURFAC TEMPERATURES, ATMOSPHE CARB ... Tue, 29 Jan 2019 18:32:00 GMT Environmental Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon ... This is a glossary of environmental science. Environmental science is the study of interactions among physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment. Sun, 17 Feb 2019 05:59:00 GMT Glossary of environmental science Wikipedia Science information about stratospheric ozone layer protecting humans and earth from ultraviolet (UV) rays Sat, 16 Feb 2019 15:33:00 GMT Ozone Layer Protection | US EPA IPIECA develops, shares and promotes good practice and knowledge to help the oil and gas industry improve its environmental and social performance. Mon, 04 Feb 2019 20:12:00 GMT The global oil and gas industry association for ... National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences | The mission of the NIEHS is to discover how the environment affects people in order to promote healthier lives Sun, 17 Feb 2019 03:58:00 GMT National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) This website provides easy access to all the pesticide-related information that is contained in various pesticide topical sites. It also includes news and meeting ... Sun, 17 Feb 2019 11:43:00 GMT Pesticides | US EPA Climate and environmental science denial: A review of the scientific literature published in 1990â€“2015 Fri, 15 Feb 2019 16:25:00 GMT Climate and environmental science denial: A review of the ... What is Environmental Security? The relation between the environment and the security of humans and nature has been the object of much research and the subject of ... Thu, 02 Dec 2004 23:59:00 GMT What is Environmental Security Scientific Partnerships for a Healthier World International Life Sciences Institute ILSI is a nonprofit, worldwide organization whose mission is to provide science ... Fri, 08 Feb 2019 05:34:00 GMT ILSI | Global Partnerships for a Healthier World Vital Signs of the Planet: Global Climate Change and Global Warming. Partial list of leading scientific organizations endorsing human-induced climate change, along ... Thu, 14 Feb 2019 22:02:00 GMT Scientific Consensus | Facts â€“ Climate Change: Vital Signs ... We examine whether conservative white males are more likely than are other adults in the U.S. general public to endorse climate change denial. Cool dudes: The denial of climate change among ... Page 3 of 18 Joshi & Ahmed, Cogent Environmental Science (2016), 2: 1139434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23 311843.2016.1139434 2.2. Generation and collection Status and challenges of municipal solid waste management ... -
Advances in paediatrics in 2016: current practices and challenges in allergy, autoimmune diseases, cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, infectious diseases, neonatology, nephrology, neurology, nutrition, pulmonology

This review reports main progresses in various pediatric issues published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics and in international journals in 2016. New insights in clinical features or complications of several disorders may be useful for our better understanding. They comprise severe asthma, changing features of lupus erythematosus from birth to adolescence, celiac disease, functional gastrointestinal disorders, Moebius syndrome, recurrent pneumonia. Risk factors for congenital heart defects, Kawasaki disease have been widely investigated. New diagnostic tools are available for ascertaining brucellosis, celiac disease and viral infections. The usefulness of aCGH as first-tier test is confirmed in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Novel information have been provided on the safety of milk for infants. Recent advances in the treatment of common disorders, including neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, hypo-glycemia in newborns, atopic dermatitis, constipation, cyclic vomiting syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, regurgitation, short stature, secretions in children with cerebral palsy have been reported. Antipyretics treatment has been updated by national guidelines and studies have excluded side effects (e.g. asthma risk during acetaminophen therapy). Vaccinations are a painful event and several options are reported to prevent this pain. Adverse effects due to metabolic abnormalities are reported for second generation antipsychotic drugs.
Pluralism and Proofs

Beall and Restall’s Logical Pluralism (2006) characterises pluralism about logical consequence in terms of the different ways cases can be selected in the analysis of logical consequence as preservation of truth over a class of cases. This is not the only way to understand or to motivate pluralism about logical consequence. Here, I will examine pluralism about logical consequence in terms of different standards of proof. We will focus on sequent derivations for classical logic, imposing two different restrictions on classical derivations to produce derivations for intuitionistic logic and for dual intuitionistic logic. The result is another way to understand the manner in which we can have different consequence relations in the same language. Furthermore, the proof-theoretic perspective gives us a different explanation of how the one concept of negation can have three different truth conditions, those in classical, intuitionistic and dual-intuitionistic models.
The effect of monovalent cations on the pre-steady state reaction kinetics of bovine activated plasma protein C and des-1-41-light chain activated plasma protein C.

A pre-steady state kinetic analysis of the stimulation by monovalent cations of the activity of bovine activated protein C (APC) and a proteolytic fragment of APC, des-1-41-light chain activated protein C (GDAPC), toward the substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl p-guanidinobenzoate, has been undertaken. With the cations Na+ and Cs+, at least two cation sites, or classes of sites, on APC were found to be important to the kinetic effects observed. For GDAPC, with both monovalent cations investigated, a single cation-binding site, or class of sites, of kinetic importance was discovered. The most general mechanism that fits all kinetic data was a rapid equilibrium type, with the cation(s) (A) and substrate (S) binding to the enzyme in a random fashion. Cations were found to be essential activators, and only formation of the EAS or EA2S complex led to product generation. For each enzyme, stimulation of the reaction rates was found to be chiefly due to a dramatic enhancement by monovalent cations of the rate constant (k2) for acylation of the enzyme since the dissociation constant (Ks) for enzyme-substrate interactions was increased in the presence of cations, and the deacylation rate constant (k3) was not affected by these activators.
Natural Law and Enlightenment in France and Scotland — A Comparative Perspective

One of the predominant theories in political and social philosophy of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries can arguably be identified in the modern natural law tradition, which was inaugurated and shaped by the influential writings of Hugo Grotius and then further developed by scholars like Samuel Pufendorf, Christian Thomasius or later by Christian Wolff. Pufendorf and Thomasius themselves fostered this picture of a linear and purposeful development from Grotius to their own  The Scottish philosophers, unlike those of any other country, were deeply influenced by this continental — mainly Dutch and German — brand of thought. In particular the Chair of Moral Philosophy at the university of Glasgow proved to play one of the key-roles in incorporating the natural law tradition. Obviously one cannot consider the natural law tradition as one homogenous block, nor can or should one consider the Scottish or French enlightenment in such a manner. The main concern of this chapter is a comparison, which will contribute to the endeavour to establish the cosmopolitan nature of European intellectual discourse in social and political theory during the eighteenth century. The case of Samuel Pufendorf will be considered as starting point, since his work played a central role in many of the contemporary debates of the early eighteenth century.2 Although most of the different discourses later used some aspects of Pufendorf s theory, it was frequently exploited with near contradictory aims and purposes.
Early Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in Polytrauma Patients with Spine Injuries: A Level 1 Trauma Center Study

Retrospective review on clinical-quality trauma registry prospective data. To identify early predictors of suboptimal health status in polytrauma patients with spine injuries. A retrospective review on a prospective cohort was performed on spine-injured polytrauma patients with successful discharge from May 2009 to January 2011. The Short Form 12-Questionnaire Health Survey (SF-12) was used in the health status assessment of these patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to investigate the effects of the Injury Severity Score, age, blood sugar level, vital signs, brain trauma severity, comorbidities, coagulation profile, spine trauma-related neurologic status, and spine injury characteristics of the patients. The SF-12 had a 52.3% completion rate from 915 patients. The patients who completed the SF-12 were younger, and there were fewer patients with severe spinal cord injuries (American Spinal Injury Association classifications A, B, and C). Other comparison parameters were satisfactorily matched. Multivariate logistic regression revealed five early predictive factors with statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05). They were (1) tachycardia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88; confidence interval [CI] = 1.11 to 3.19), (2) hyperglycemia (OR = 2.65; CI = 1.51 to 4.65), (3) multiple chronic comorbidities (OR = 2.98; CI = 1.68 to 5.26), and (4) thoracic spine injuries (OR = 1.54; CI = 1.01 to 2.37). There were no independent early predictive factors identified for suboptimal mental health-related qualify of life outcomes. Early independent risk factors predictive of suboptimal physical health status identified in a level 1 trauma center in polytrauma patients with spine injuries were tachycardia, hyperglycemia, multiple chronic medical comorbidities, and thoracic spine injuries. Early spine trauma risk factors were shown not to predict suboptimal mental health status outcomes.
The genetic basis for describing viruses as species.

The basis for the taxonomic definition of viruses or other species eventually has to be genetic. Since the beginning of the taxonomical considerations of organisms, the criterion that individuals can be grouped together on the basis of genetic compatibilities has been adopted as the guiding principle for describing a species. Although the genetic tests for grouping and distinguishing viruses may be different, the principle behind the species concept can still be applied. Also, the very existence of virus heredity and invokes the concept of speciation.
Criminal justice in Scotland: overview and prospects

[About the book] 
 
The existence of the separate criminal jurisdiction in Scotland is ignored by most criminological texts purporting to consider crime and criminal justice in 'Britain' or the 'UK'. This book offers a critically-informed analysis and understanding of crime and criminal justice in contemporary Scotland. It considers key areas of criminal justice policy making in Scotland; in particular the extent to which criminal justice in Scotland is increasingly divergent from other UK jurisdictions as well as pressures that may lead to convergences in particular areas, for instance, in relation to trends in youth justice and penal policy. 
 
The book considers the extent to which Scottish crime and criminal justice is being affected both by devolution as well as the wider pressures resulting from globalization, Europeanisation and new patterns of migration. 
 
While the book has a Scottish focus, it also offers new ways of thinking about criminal justice – relating these issues to wider social divisions and inequalities in contemporary Scottish and UK society. It extends the ‘gaze’ and analysis of criminology by exploring issues such as environmental crime, urban disorder and the new urbanism as well as crimes of the rich and powerful and corporate crime, giving it a relevance and resonance far beyond Scotland. 
 
Criminal Justice in Scotland will be an essential text for students in Scotland taking courses in criminology, sociology, social policy, social sciences, law and police sciences, as well as criminal justice practitioners and policy makers in Scotland. It will also be an essential source for students of comparative criminology elsewhere and academics wishing to take Scotland into account in thinking about criminal justice in the UK.
Gustav Mahler: New Insights Into His Life, Times and Work

Alfred Mathis-Rosenzweig (1897-1948) was a Viennese musicologist and critic who studied at the universities of Budapest and Vienna. From 1933 he embarked on producing a large-scale study of Mahler but at the time of his death the manuscript was left unfinished. Although it was presumed lost until 1997, the unfinished text, written in German, had been deposited in the library of the Guildhall School of Music & Drama. In 2003, the School’s Research Centre commissioned Jeremy Barham to prepare the first published edition of this important work, and his annotations and commentary add invaluable material to his translation of this historic document. Biographical material is used as a loose framework and platform for Mathis-Rosenzweig’s profound examination of the environment within which Mahler’s earlier music was embedded. This was an environment in which Wagner, Bruckner and Wolf feature prominently, and in which Mahler’s music is viewed from the wider perspective of nineteenth-century German cultural domination and the subsequent rise of political extremism in the form of Hitlerite fascism.
Combining intermediate propositional logics with classical logic

In , we introduced a modal logic, called $L$, which combines intuitionistic propositional logic $IPC$ and classical propositional logic $CPC$ and is complete w.r.t. an algebraic semantics. However, $L$ seems to be too weak for Kripke-style semantics. In this paper, we add positive and negative introspection and show that the resulting logic $L5$ has a Kripke semantics. For intermediate logics $I$, we consider the parametrized versions $L5(I)$ of $L5$ where $IPC$ is replaced by $I$. $L5(I)$ can be seen as a classical modal logic for the reasoning about truth in $I$. From our results, we derive a simple method for determining algebraic and Kripke semantics for some specific intermediate logics. We discuss some examples which are of interest for Computer Science, namely the Logic of Here-and-There, G\"odel-Dummett Logic and Jankov Logic. Our method provides new proofs of completeness theorems due to Hosoi, Dummett/Horn and Jankov, respectively.
Roots of a compact Lie group

This expository article introduces the topic of roots in a compact Lie group. Compared to the many other treatments of this standard topic, I intended for mine to be relatively elementary, example-driven, and free of unnecessary abstractions. Some familiarity with matrix groups and with maximal tori is assumed. 
This article is self-contained, but is also intended to serve as a supplemental 10th chapter of an eventual new edition of my textbook, ``Matrix Groups for Undergraduates.
The relationship between diabetes and infectious hospitalizations in renal transplant recipients.

The implications of diabetes developing after kidney transplantation (PostTDM group) need further study. Worse graft survival is seen in PostTDM compared with nondiabetic (NonDM group) patients (1,2). Yet, there is paucity of data on the risk of infection, an issue that becomes even more important since posttransplant patients are already immunocompromised. Thus, we aim to compare the risk of infection in the posttransplant period in PostTDM patients and in patients who were diagnosed with diabetes before transplant (PreTDM group) with those without diabetes.

Data were obtained from the U.S. Renal Data System (3). The study population was limited to adult renal transplant patients whose primary payer was Medicare to enable analysis of hospital outcomes. Primary (i.e., first time) kidney transplant recipients from the years 1995 to 2000 were included. Pancreas recipients were excluded.

The diagnosis of diabetes was obtained from Medicare claims using a previously validated method and from U.S. Renal Data System transplant files (2,4). Patients were classified as PreTDM if diabetes was detected before, or at the time of, hospitalization for transplantation. The remaining diabetic patients were classified as PostTDM.

The outcome of interest was infection requiring hospitalization (HI) and occurring in the posttransplant period. The survival time until development of HI was analyzed using Cox multivariate proportional hazard …