nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Computer-Aided Evaluation System for Integrating Design- and Ordering-Principles into Product Models

It is true that the commercial applications used in architectural offices have mainly focused on CAD as a drafting tool, although the primary functions of computers in architecture have been changed from the computer-aided drafting to its 2D or 3D graphic representation and in recent years to the collaborative design among different specialists, such as architects, engineers, construction managers, acoustical experts, and so on. There are still few computer-aided tools to help a designer in selecting the best suited design strategies, in particular satisfying the design aesthetics, and in connecting the design up to the collaboration. This paper shows how the designand orderingprinciples can be joined into a CAAD system and how the data of the applied design can be integrated into product modeling environment, providing the appropriate solution to the upcoming needs of the construction industry.
HISQ action in dynamical simulations

We report on recent progress in employing the Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) action introduced by the HPQCD/UKQCD collaboration in simulations with dynamical fermions. The HISQ action is an order $a^2$ Symanzik-improved action with further suppressed taste symmetry violations. The improvement in taste symmetry is achieved by introducing Fat7 smearing of the original gauge links and reunitarization (projection to an element of U(3) or SU(3)) followed by Asq-type smearing. Major challenges for calculating the fermion force are related to the reunitarization step. We present a preliminary study of the HISQ action on two 2+1+1 flavor ensembles with the lattice spacing roughly equivalent to the MILC asqtad a=0.125 and 0.09 fm ensembles.
Quantitative analysis of p-wave three-body losses via a cascade process

We describe the three-body loss coefficient of identical fermions with $p$-wave interactions using a set of rate equations in which three-body recombination happens via an indirect process. Our theoretical treatment explains experimental results just above the universal scaling law regime of weak interactions. Furthermore, we theoretically extend and experimentally verify the rate equation model for the case of atoms trapped in two dimensions. Moreover, we find that the three-body loss coefficient in a two-dimensional trap is proportional to $A_{p}^{3}$ in the weakly interacting regime, where $A_{p}$ is the scattering area. Our results are useful in understanding three-body physics with $p$-wave interactions.
[Delayed skin reaction in a group of 400 hospital patients: control study (author's transl)].

Delayed hypersensitivity skin tests were carried out with 5 antigens - PPD, staphylococcus, streptokinase/streptodornase, candida and trichophytin-in 400 hospital patients without any known causes for diminished delayed hypersensitivity. The degree of reactivity to each antigen was: PPD. 69.50%; candida 49.75%; streptokinase/streptodornase 44.50%; trichophytin 42.00%; staphylococcus 14.25%. Reactivity to either PPD or candida occurred in 86.50% of all cases. Positive response to streptokinase/streptodornase was present in 7%; which brings the total cases with reactions to one or more of the 3 antigens to 93.50%. Those who responded to trichophytin or staphylococcus were 3% only, bringing the total response of all cases to at least one antigen, to 96.5%.
Effect of phase separation on the crystallization of soft segments of green waterborne polyurethanes

Effect of phase separation on the crystallization of soft segments of green waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) was discussed in this paper. Phase separation was studied through dynamic mechanical analysis and energy dispersive spectrometer. Energy dispersive spectrometer was employed originally for the study of phase separation of polyurethanes in our study. Crystallization of soft segments of green WPUs was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and polarizing optical microscope. Characterization results indicated that phase separation hindered the crystallization of soft segments of green WPUs; higher phase separation degree gave rise to lower crystallization capacity, lower crystallinity and smaller crystals of soft segments.
Absoluteness of Velocity Caused by Accelerating Process and Absolute Space-time Theory with Variable Scales —-The third logically consistent and really rational space-time theory

s It is proved by means of the dynamical effects of special relativity that the velocity caused by accelerating process is not a relative concept. It is an absolute physical quantity that can be determined by experiments. Therefore, the influence of accelerating process must be considered in space-time theory. Besides the Newtonian absolute theory with invariable space-time scales and the Einsteins relative theory with variable space-time scales, there exists the third space-time theory, i.e., the absolute space-time theory with variable space-time scales. At present, special relativity is divided into two parts, kinematics and dynamics. In kinematics force and acceleration are not considered so that space and time becomes relative concepts. This division is completely artificial and irrational. The space-time theory should be established on the foundation of dynamics consistently. As the three most fundamental physical quantities, the changing rules of space, time and mass with speed are dependent of accelerating processes and absolute. The real meaning of the invariability principle of high speed should be that we can not make the speed of an object with rest mass reach and exceed the sped of light in vacuum by the method of accelerating it. But if velocity is not caused by accelerating process, it is allowed to exceed lights speed in vacuum. For example, apparent tangent velocities of all fixed stars in sky are over lights speed. It is proved from the angle of symmetry that the absolutely resting reference frame exists. In order to eliminate multifarious space-time paradoxes in special relativity, and coincide with Big-bang cosmology, the absolutely resting frame is necessary. A method is put forward to look for absolutely resting reference frame. The isotropy reference frame of cosmic microwave background radiation can be regarded as the absolutely resting reference frame actually at present. This absolute space-time theory with variable space-time scales is logically consistent without contradicting any physical experiment and astronomical observation, so it can be considered as a really rational space-time theory to describe real physics world. 1. Possibility and necessity of the third space-time theory As we known that according to the Newtonian theory, the scales of space-time are absolute and invari-ableindependent of the selection of reference frames. The absolutely resting reference frame was considered to exist, though Newton did not know how to determine it. According the Einsteins theory, reversely, the scales of space-time are relative and variable, dependent of the selection of reference frames. …
Sarah Levine & David N. Gellner, Rebuilding Buddhism. The Theravada Movement in Twentieth Century Nepal

La qualite des etudes sociologiques sur le Nepal de D. Gellner (cf. Arch. 86-28) permettait d’attendre beaucoup de ce livre qui, malgre ses merites, se revele toutefois un peu decevant. Le sujet lui-meme – la tentative d’implantation du bouddhisme theravada (le « Petit Vehicule ») au Nepal, pays ou le bouddhisme, quand il y est present, releve du mahâyâna tantrique – est fort interessant, d’ailleurs fort bien decrit ici. Cet ouvrage redige en commun est le fruit de recherches de terrain menee...
A Study on the Improvement of Adhesion according to the Surface Modification of Cu/Polyimide Films by ion Beam Irradiation

In microelectronics packaging, the reliability of the metal/polymer interfaces is an important issue because the adhesion strength between dissimilar materials is often inherently poor. The modification of polymer sufaces by ion beam irradiation and rf plasma are commonly used to enhance the adhesion strength of the interface. T-peel strengths were measured using a Cu/polyimide system under varying ion beam irradiation pretreatment conditions. The measured T-peel strength showed reversed camel back shape regarding the fixed metal-layer thickness, which was quite different from the results of the peel test. The elementary analysis suggests that the variation of the T-peel strength is a combined outcome of the plastic bending work of the metal and polymer strips. The results indicate that the peel strength increases with ion beam irradiation energy at the fixed metal-layer thickness.
A Reinterpretation and Reconstruction of Confucian Philosophy

This article further develops my understanding of Confucianism as a spiritual tradition. The spirit of Confucian philosophy remains the same as Confucius and Mencius in the ancient era, and Zhu Xi in the Song Dynasty, who developed liyi-fenshu (one principle/many manifestations) into a comprehensive anthropo-cosmic philosophy. The idea is inherited by Contemporary Neo-Confucian scholars, reinterpreted to cope with the current emphasis on plurality, the aspect of fenshu (difference), but maintained liyi (unity) as a regulative principle, sometimes radical reconstruction is needed to respond to contemporary issues such as the conflict between universalism and particularism.
THE RESULTS OF PREDICTION OF HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATIONS IN THE NARIZHNYANSKA AREA IN DNIEPER-DONETS BASIN ACCORDING TO ELECTRICAL EXPLORATION BY THE METHOD OF POINT ELECTROMAGNETIC SOUNDINGS

Narizhnyanske raise is located in the northeastern part of the Dnieper-Donets Basin (DDB), on the southern slope of theVoronezhcrystalline massif and is part of a large anticlinal structure. The productive complex of the Precambrian crystalline basement, as in the northern flank of the DDB is a promising new target of exploration for hydrocarbon deposits in this region. Electroprospecting investigated using electromagnetic sensing point (TEMZ method) were performed on Narizhnyanska area to predict hydrocarbon deposits in the Visean and Serpukhov layers of the Lower Carboniferous and Bashkirian layer of the Middle Carboniferous, as well as to clarify the structure of the dissenting relief that escapes deposits within the structural zone. Studies have shown that the most promising areas Narizhnyanska area in terms of availability of hydrocarbons are Narizhnyanska, Rogivska and northern part of Burivska structure. The results of the work showed that the method of point electromagnetic soundings can be used in a complex exploration for hydrocarbons in the study of seismic or other abnormalities, determining the depth of bed with the anomalous electromagnetic properties which are promising for hydrocarbon accumulations. Application of TEMZ method in the preliminary stages of oil exploration and gas production may contribute to more efficient production wells and thus reduce the cost of exploration.
Crises in Rhetoric, Crises in Democracy

A number of trends may be observed in contemporary work on rhetoric and argumentation. Some of this work analyses the correct way to conduct a debate, starting out from an idealised model comprising a set of rules which participants would be required to observe. We can see here the inspiration from the English-speaking world, of which the Amsterdam school is currently one of the main representatives. The first work in French by Frans van Eemeren and Rob Grootendorst (1996) is indeed significa...
Amorphous SiOx nanowires grown on silicon (100) substrates via rapid thermal process of nanodiamond films

Rapid thermal process (RTP) has been carried out on the deposited nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The RTP treatments performed at 800 and 1200 °C have been shown to exert prominent influence on the morphology and structure of the NCD films. The loss of material at grain boundaries has been observed at both 800 and 1200 °C RTP treatments. Large-scale amorphous SiO x nanowires with diameters of 30–50 nm and length up to 10 μm were synthesized after RTP treatment at 1200 °C for 60 s. The synthesized nanowires were characterized in detail by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and energy-dispersed X-ray spectrometry analysis. A possible growth mechanism has been proposed to explain the observed phenomenon.
Provenance, Weathering and Tectonic Setting of Talchir Formation in Parts of Son Valley Sub Basin Chhattisgarh, India During Late Paleozoic Era: Petrological and Geochemical Evidences

The Talchir Formation (Permo-carboniferous) is the lowermost unit of Gondwana Supergroup which rests unconformably over the Precambrian basement of Indian peninsula. Modal analysis and geochemistry of Tal- chir sandstones and shales of Chirimiri area, Son valley sub basin, Chhattisgarh, is carried out to know nature of provenance and its composition, weathering condition and tectonic setting of both source area and depositional basin. These characters are determined with the help of QtFL parameter, and bivariate plot between TiO2 vs Zr, geochemical proxies (A/ACNK)*100) and ratio of major oxide K2O/Na2O vs SiO2 have been utilised to achieve this aim. The petrochemical attributes of the clastic rocks of Talchir Formation sug- gest that these sediments have been derived from continental block having rocks of mixed composition which was subjected to moder- ate weathering during late Palaeozoic time. These sediments were deposited in basin situated at passive margin.
Improved Robust Stability Criteria for Discrete-time Neural Networks

The application package building system includes an application storage maintaining specification and component information, and a client package build system which creates an application package definition for both a client application package and a server application package. The package definition identifies required specification and component information for both the client application package and the server application package. A client package build engine builds the client application package using the required specification and component information, and a server package build engine builds the server application package from the required specification and component information.
Addressing Diversity in Post-Unitary Theories of Order

The article focuses on one of the most significant conceptual reassessments that are necessary in order to adapt the idea of sovereignty to the demands of an open and democratic society in an ever more interconnected world. Indeed, if sovereigns have to reject their absolutistic claim, this implies that they will have to share power with other national as well as infra- and supranational or international instances. This means that the concept of sovereignty has to be relocated within a pluralistic – or better, post-unitary – legal system. Following this premise, the article analyses the epistemological presuppositions that stay behind the transition from the unitary conception of order to the view that also a multiplicity of orders should not be denounced as a pathology any longer, but accepted as a fact, on the one hand, and as a desirable perspective on the other. The first step of the analysis consists of introducing the fundamental elements of the unitary conception of order in both its variants: the particularistic and the holistic. In the further section, three approaches are sketched which overcome the unitary notion of order: systems theory, post-modernism, and discourse theory. Each of these epistemological approaches lays the ground for a specific notion of post-unitary legal order: the idea of the existence of a multiplicity of self-reliant, albeit not mutually indifferent, legal systems in the first case, legal pluralism in the second, and cosmopolitan constitutionalism in the third.
Near-Surface to Deeper Burial Cementation Patterns and Foreland Basin Evolution, Middle Ordovician Ramp Carbonates, Virginia: ABSTRACT

Middle Ordovician ramp carbonates, Virginia, were deposited in a subsiding foreland basin bordered by developing tectonic highlands. Ramp carbonates are largely occluded by nonferroan, clear rim, and equant cements which contain cathodoluminescent zones consisting of nonluminescent (oldest), bright and dull (youngest) cements. The zonation largely relates to increasingly reducing conditions of pore waters. Zoned cements in peritidal beds have complex zonations, pendant to pore-rimming fabrics, and are associated with vadose silt (which abuts all cement zones); these cements are vadose to shallow phreatic. Major cementation of subtidal facies occurred under burial conditions. Zoned burial cements have a simple zonation reflecting progressive burial (up to 3,000 m) of carbo ates. Shallow burial nonluminescent cement formed from oxidizing, meteoric waters which expelled anoxic, connate marine waters; meteoric waters were carried by aquifers from tectonic upland recharge areas. Deeper burial, bright and dull cements formed at depths (2,000 to 3,000 m) and temperatures (75 to 135°C) associated with hydrocarbon emplacement during the Late Devonian or Mississippian. Final, clear dull cement fills tectonic fractures and was emplaced during late Paleozoic deformation. Deeper burial diagenesis appears to be genetically linked to late Paleozoic, Mississippi Valley-type mineralization. Zoned peritidal and burial cements are mainly confined to southeastern parts of the ramp, where cementation was influenced by meteoric waters from developing uplands on the southe stern margin of the foreland basin and carried northwest by aquifers. Cements in northwestern peritidal and subtidal ramp facies are dominated by nonzoned dull cements, where cementation was little influenced by upland-source meteoric waters. The close association of zoned cements and regional End_Page 574------------------------------ uplands in the Middle Ordovician sequence indicates the importance of assessing regional geology, geologic history, and tectonics in understanding regional cementation patterns and cementation processes of ancient carbonate platforms. End_of_Article - Last_Page 575------------
Private Enforcement of Securities Law in China: A Ten-Year Retrospective

This paper undertakes the first comprehensive study of the nature and extent of private securities litigation in China, critically examining whether private securities litigation has been effectively carried out during the first decade after it was formally permitted by China’s top court in 2002. Methodologically, it goes beyond the doctrinal analysis as commonly seen in the extant literature on the subject matter to empirically investigate both the quantity and quality of securities civil action in China. It is found that there have been a much-lower-than-expected number of securities civil suits in China under the ten-year study period, but the percentage of recovery generated by securities civil suits in China is significantly higher than that in the US. The policy implications of the empirical findings are discussed with a view to improving the Chinese legal regime for private securities litigation. In particular, it casts doubts on the popular belief that China should adopt the US-style class action. Further, as the local courts are found to be dysfunctional in handling securities civil cases, a reform proposal is made to advocate the choice of the court for bringing securities civil action in China.
In Search of Her Own Language Eva Hesse Show San Francisco Museum of Modern ARt

This article discusses the work of Eva Hesse, a young German minimalist artist who died in 1970 at the age of 34. Hesse left behind a complex assembly of art works known for their fragile and disintegrating beauty. Hesse's work resists to be understood in relationship to other works of art; instead her sculptures and paintings are viewed as attempts to find her own language through which she creates a pathway to her inner turmoil. Her work is understood not as a representation of her inner world but as a language through which she gains access to a previously foreclosed, somber world. Struggling at the edge of inside–outside and chaos–order, Hesse succeeds at drawing the spectator into questioning the most fundamental, pregiven realities of life.
Business Intelligence System in Banking Industry Case Study of Samam Bank of Iran

Business Intelligence (BI) is a set of tools, technologies and process in order to transform data into information and information to required knowledge for improve decision making in organization. Nowadays, we can confidently claim that the use of business intelligence solutions can increase the competitiveness of organization and outstanding it from other organization. This solution enables organization to use available information to exploit the competitive advantages of being a leader and have a better understanding of customer needs and demands to allow better communication with them. In this paper we explain about principals and elements of BI in fist section and in second section we discuss about the application of BI in banking industry and consider Saman Bank of Iran as a case study in order to applying BI solution.
Electron affinities of halogen atoms

On the basis of an appropriate form of interaction potential, which has been proposed recently as a modification of the Gaussian potential, an expression for the electron affinity has been obtained. The values of the electron affinity for the four halogen atoms were calculated from the expression utilizing the molecular constants ( r e , k e , D e and I ) data for twenty alkali halide molecules and were compared with most reliable experimental values of Berry and Reimann. The agreement is satisfactory.
Chymotrypsin Adsorption on Montmorillonite: Enzymatic Activity and Kinetic FTIR Structural Analysis.

Soils have a large solid surface area and high adsorptive capacities. To determine if structural and solvation changes induced by adsorption on clays are related to changes in enzyme activity, alpha-chymotrypsin adsorbed on a phyllosilicate with an electronegative surface (montmorillonite) has been studied by transmission FTIR spectroscopy. A comparison of the pH-dependent structural changes for the solution and adsorbed states probes the electrostatic origin of the adsorption. In the pD range 4.5-10, adsorption only perturbs some peripheral domains of the protein compared to the solution. Secondary structure unfolding affects about 15-20 peptide units. Parts of these domains become hydrated and others entail some self-association. However, the inactivation of the catalytic activity of the adsorbed enzyme in the 5-7 pD range is due less to these structural changes than to steric hindrance when three essential imino/amino functions, located close to the entrance of the catalytic cavity (His-40 and -57 residues and Ala-149 end chain residue), are oriented toward the negatively charged mineral surface. When these functions lose their positive charge, the orientation of the adsorbed enzyme is changed and an activity similar to that in solution at equivalent pH is recovered. This result is of fundamental interest in all fields of research where enzymatic activity is monitored using reversible adsorption procedures.
Oxidation mechanism and resistance of ZrB2–SiC composites

The oxidation mechanism of ZrB 2 –SiC composites was investigated based on a combination of theory and experiments. The oxidation reactions, microstructure evolution, scale stability and temperature limit were examined in our research and a good correspondence was obtained between theoretical predictions and experimental results. Microstructure evolution and stability are significantly dependent on both temperature and composition. SiO 2 is thermochemically stable below 1800 °C and will lose its protective properties at temperatures above 2300 °C. The temperature limit for ZrB 2 –SiC composites is strongly dependent on the vapor pressure of the gaseous products and volume content of ZrB 2 .