nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of Global Paper Industry 1800¬–2050

Preface List of Contributors 1. Research on Evolution and the Global History of Pulp and Paper Industry: An Introduction Juha-Antti Lamberg, Jari Ojala, Mirva Peltoniemi and Timo Sarkka 2. The Evolution of Pulp and Paper Industries in Finland, Sweden and Norway 1800-2005 Joonas Jarvinen, Jari Ojala, Anders Melander and Juha-Antti Lamberg 3. Waves of Technological Innovation: The Evolution of the US Pulp and Paper Industry, 1860-2000 Hannes Toivanen 4. The Paper Industry in Germany, 1800-2000 Olli Turunen 5. An Accomplished History,  Canada's Pulp and Paper Industry Since the Early 1800s Mark Kuhlberg 6. From the Non-European Tradition to a Variation on the Japanese Competitiveness Model: The Modern Japanese Paper Industry Since the 1870s Takafumi Kurosawa and Tomoko Hashino 7. The British Paper Industry, 1800-2000 Timo Sarkka 8. The Paper and Board Industry in the Netherlands, 1800-2000 Bram Bouwens 9. Is there a Southern European model? Development of the Pulp and Paper Industry in Italy, Spain and Portugal (1800-2010) Miquel Gutierrez-Poch 10. The South American Pulp and Paper Industry: The Cases Brazil, Chile and Uruguay Maria Barbosa Lima-Toivanen 11. The Pulp and Paper Industry  A Road of Many Transitions Olga Mashkina 12. Global Market for Paper  2006-2050 Joonas Jarvinen, Juha-Antti Lamberg, Tomi Nokelainen, Henrikki Tikkanen 13. The Evolution of the Global Paper Industry: Concluding Remarks Jari Ojala, Miikka Voutilainen and Juha-Antti Lamberg
Ventispheres: granule-pebble spheres of eolian origin in lower cretaceous and recent rocks of Israel

Spherical sandstone fragments which are neither concretions nor water-worn pebbles were found in the sandstone beds near the base of the Hathira Formation in the lower Cretaceous section of the Maktesh Gadol outcrops, in Southern Israel. Similar sandstone spheres which were found in the area were in the process of being formed by wind action in a serir environment. Both the ancient and the Recent spheres are referred to as “Ventispheres”. Their presence in the lower Cretaceous rocks shows that the non-marine interval between the first and the second marine transgressions recorded in this area included eolian events, at least in a local serir environment.
An insight into the mechanism of biosorption of copper by Bacillus polymyxa

Our main objective was to isolate bacteria from soil contaminated with effluents from electroplating wastewater and assess their potential to remove copper from the aqueous phase. The strain identified as Bacillus polymyxa accumulated copper inside the cell, where it bound to the cell wall. The intracellular metal accumulation led to the inhibition of dehydrogenases, which is essential for the energy deriving reactions. Addition of thiol group containing compounds, like reduced glutathione, dithiothreitol and mercapto-ethanol, revived the enzyme activity, implicating the sulfhydryl groups as the target of metal action. However, when the cells were exposed to higher concentration of Cu(II), irreversible enzyme denaturation occurred. Desorption with DTT and citrate showed that 82% of the metal was accumulated on cell surface and the contribution from metabolism-dependent intracellular accumulation was only 10-12%. The surface characterization of B. polymyxa indicated the presence of carboxyl, imidazolium, amino and phenolic groups, which might be responsible for metal uptake. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy studies indicated that the metal coordinating environment could be either CuN2O2 or CuNO3 chromophores, which may be the result of binding of Cu(II) to oxygen atoms of carboxylic groups of cell wall peptidoglycan and nitrogen atoms of amino-sugars or structural proteins. This environment got slightly altered after several treatments of B. polymyxa, leading to the formation of CuO4, suggesting the coordination of copper to four oxygen atoms derived from carboxyl groups of peptidoglycan.
An XML-Based ADL Framework for Automatic Generation of Multithreaded Computer Architecture Simulators

Computer architecture simulation has always played a pivotal role in continuous innovation of computers. However, constructing or modifying a high quality simulator is time consuming and error-prone. Thus, often architecture description languages (ADLs) are used to provide an abstraction layer for describing the computer architecture and automatically generating corresponding simulators. Along the line of such research, we present a novel XML-based ADL, its compiler, and a generation methodology to automatically generate multithreaded simulators for computer architecture. We utilize the industry-standard extensible markup language XML to describe the functionality and architecture of a modeled processor. Our ADL framework allows users to easily and quickly modify the structure, register set, and execution of a modeled processor. To prove its validity, we have generated several multithreaded simulators with different configurations based on the MIPS five-stage processor, and successfully tested with two programs.
Nanostructured silicon carbon thin films grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique

Nanostructured silicon carbon thin films, composed of Si nanocrystallites embedded in hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbon matrix, have been prepared by varying rf power in ultra high vacuum plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition system using silane and methane gas mixtures diluted in hydrogen. In this paper we have studied the compositional, structural and electrical properties of these films as a function of rf power. It is shown that with increasing rf power the atomic densities of carbon and hydrogen increase while the atomic density of silicon decreases, resulting in a reduction in the mass density. Further, it is demonstrated that carbon is incorporated into amorphous matrix and it is mainly bonded to silicon. The study has also revealed that the crystalline volume fraction decreases with increase in rf power and that the films deposited with low rf power have a size distribution of large and small crystallites while the films deposited with relatively high power have only small crystallites. Finally, the enhanced transport properties of the nanostructured silicon carbon films, as compared to amorphous counterpart, have been attributed to the presence of Si nanocrystallites.
Incremental Version-Space Merging

This chapter describes the generalized version-space approach, as well as incremental version-space merging, the incremental learning method developed as part of the framework. The chapter begins with a description of the new, generalized form of version spaces. This is followed by a description of version-space merging, an algorithm for intersecting two version spaces in boundary-set notation. The chapter concludes with a description of its use in incremental version-space merging.
AC 2012-5292: ADVISING ENGINEERING STUDENTS TO THE BEST PROGRAM: PERSPECTIVE, APPROACHES, AND TOOLS

Narciso F. Macia is an Associate Professor in the Department of Engineering Technology, at Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus. Prior to accepting his present position with ASU, he founded Control Systems Innovation, Inc., an engineering consulting and product development firm, in which he continues to be active. Macia received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in mechanical engineering in 1974 and 1976 from the University of Texas, Arlington, and his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Arizona State University in 1988.  He is a member of ASME and ASEE. He is the holder of three patents and more than 36 publications. He has co-authored a book on modeling and control of dynamic systems.
POWER IN A RURAL COUNTY

To more fully understand power structures in rural settings, this article investigates the power structure of an economically depressed rural county in southwestern Pennsylvania. The power structure must be viewed in the context of the economic hard times that the county has confronted. In this regard, there has been a decline in the number of local economic notables over the years making the formation of growth machines unlikely. The most powerful individual in the county, a wealthy philanthropist, has enhanced his stature and influence in the community by forming an economic development organization in an attempt to improve the economic situation in the county. The other powerful individuals in the county are political or state actors, who have benefited from the increases in government funding for various social programs.
Market-Based Instruments for Ecosystem Services between Discourse and Reality: An Economic and Narrative Analysis

Since the mid-1990s, the concept of ecosystem services has become increasingly popular in academic circles and among decision-makers. Because of its inclusive character, this concept has given rise to different interpretations in economics. Since its inception, it has been associated with the development of market-based instruments (MBIs) in conservation policies. From this perspective, the sustainable provision of ecosystem services is hindered by market failures (e.g., public good attributes, externalities) and prices that do not capture the full value of the natural assets. MBIs are therefore recommended. According to their promoters, they provide powerful incentives to conserve the environment while at the same time offering new sources of income to support rural livelihoods. Our paper contends that different economic narratives, and associated representations of the market failure at stake with the provision of ecosystem services, may support different policy instruments that are all coined as MBIs. As an illustration, we analyze the economic discourse underlying payments for ecosystem services and eco-labels, and we underline the variety of institutional forms to which they give rise in order to emphasize the differences between discourse and practice.
Who Owns Pragmatism

This paper compares the approach to legal theory associated with the neopragmatism of Richard Rorty with that of classical pragmatism, as it emerged from the Metaphysical Club, the discussion group in Cambridge, Massachusetts in the early 1870s. The two approaches derive from distinct historical and intellectual origins. Neopragmatism's prominent feature is its proximity to, and common purpose with, Continental writers of an anti-foundational bent, including some for whom the pragmatic label would not previously have been comfortable, for example, Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Foucault. For Rorty’s neopragmatism, the exhaustion of Enlightenment foundationalism has implicated an end to epistemology and metaphysics. For the early pragmatists, it is attributed to failure to be adequately consequentialist and inclusive. For classical pragmatism, generalizing was tested by consequences and connected to the solution of human problems. The Metaphysical Club included lawyers like N. St. John Green and Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. While its main agenda is often seen as undressing traditional metaphysical problems with a consequentialist test for meaning and belief, for the lawyers this also involved a political mission: articulating a coherent legal theory for a revolutionary democratic republic still less than a century old. In law, science, and philosophy itself, meaning can be described as the best consensus of all those confronted with a practical stake in the outcome. In law this highlights the degree of inclusion. Pragmatism emerged as the philosophy of democracy, ideally an unbounded democracy of unlimited inquiry, not apologizing for the existing order but rather making actual inquiry, as well as real democratic institutions, always appear inadequate. It originated as the first philosophy founded not on foundational certainty but on exigency, fallibility, and representivity.
Response to Baldwin

My book Cosmopolitan Islanders derives from the Inaugural Lecture I delivered in 2008 as Regius Professor of Modern History in Cambridge. The brief of such a lecture is a tricky one – you have to say something about yourself, something about your field, and something about the discipline of History, and you have to appeal both to colleagues and to the wider world. In addition, in both Oxford and Cambridge, the only two universities with Regius Chairs of History, there have been many famous Inaugurals, by historians as varied as J. B. Bury, Hugh Trevor-Roper and, most famous of all, Lord Acton. In some universities, where professors are all-powerful, the Inaugural has served as a means of laying down the law about how the subject should be taught and researched. But in recent times this has been rare, and it has never really been true in Oxford or Cambridge; the one time that an Oxford Regius, the seventeenth-century specialist Sir Charles Firth, tried this, he ran into a huge amount of trouble and was more or less ostracised in the Faculty for the rest of his career.
Re-mapping literary worlds : postcolonial pedagogy in practice

In Re-mapping Literary Worlds: Postcolonial Pedagogy in Practice, I n g r i d Johnston takes the reader o n a l i terary journey in to the w o r l d of p o s t c o l o n i a l l i terature a n d its ro le i n e x p a n d i n g the t r a d i t i o n a l c a n o n i n secondary s c h o o l E n g l i s h c lassrooms. T h e text is t h o r o u g h l y researched, g r o u n d e d i n practice, a n d b e a u t i f u l l y w r i t t e n . She s k i l l f u l l y b l e n d s p e r s o n a l narra t ive , l i terary theory a n d selections, d e s c r i p t i o n s of p e d a g o g i c a l practice, a n d teachers ' a n d s tudents ' voices to create a " p o s t m o d e r n , re f lex ive narra t ive that seeks to carve out n e w c o n c e p t u a l r o u t e s " (p. 3). A l o n g the w a y she offers the reader m a n y v i e w s : l i terary , theoret ical , p h i l o s o p h i c a l , prac t ica l , a n d p o l i t i c a l . A l t h o u g h based o n her d o c t o r a l s t u d y , Johnston's b o o k does not f o l l o w the t r a d i t i o n a l format : theoret ical f r a m e w o r k , research m e t h o d o l o g y , f i n d i n g s , c o n c l u s i o n s . D r a w i n g o n the p o w e r of s tory a n d narra t ive i n q u i r y , J o h n s t o n uses the m e t a p h o r of a j o u r n e y to describe her research. A s a reader this a l l o w e d m e to j o i n Johnston a n d her research par t ic ipants as they left the conf ines of f a m i l i a r terr i tory to " b e c o m e m i g r a n t s , c r o s s i n g borders of t h o u g h t a n d exper ience w i t h a n e w restless i n t e r r o g a t i o n " (p. 123). In k e e p i n g w i t h the t r a v e l m e t a p h o r , her b o o k is s t r u c t u r e d i n mi les rather t h a n the u s u a l chapters ; m i l e titles e f fec t ive ly accentuate the t ravel m e t a p h o r . E a c h chapter begins w i t h t w o c a r e f u l l y selected quotat ions that further the t ravel theme, i n t r o d u c e the topic of the m i l e , o r h i g h l i g h t the w o r k s of p o s t c o l o n i a l authors . In the i n t r o d u c t i o n to the b o o k Johnston " m a p s the t e r r i t o r y " of her journey . The f o l l o w i n g research quest ions frame her s t u d y . • What are the positive values for students from diverse cultures of engaging wi th literary texts that resonate wi th their o w n histories, traditions, and cross-cultural experiences? What are the attendant drawbacks? • H o w might reading and deconstructing postcolonial literature in the context of a classroom enable students and teachers to problematize representations of self, place, and the other in literary texts? • What challenges and difficulties does one teacher face as she attempts to introduce postcolonial literature to students and to engage them in deconstructive reading strategies? A f t e r p r e s e n t i n g a concise d e s c r i p t i o n of narra t ive i n q u i r y , the author p r o v i d e s an o v e r v i e w of the m i l e s to f o l l o w .
Perioperative management for chronic schizophrenic patients.

Schizophrenic patients are at increased risk for perioperative complications, as their biological response to stress is impaired. The increased complications are associated with physical disorders, antipsychotic or hazardous health behaviors, and interactions between antipsychotics and anesthetic drugs. Thus, anesthesiologists must not only be aware of the perioperative problems of these patients but must also learn how to manage their perioperative course.
Engineering Ethics: Peace, Justice, and the Earth

A response of the engineering profession to the challenges of security, poverty and under-development, and environmental sustainability is described. Ethical codes, which govern the behavior of engineers, are examined from a historical perspective linking the prevailing codes to models of the natural world.Anewethical code based on a recently introduced model of Nature as an integral community is provided and discussed. Applications of the new code are described using a case study approach. With the ethical code based on an integral community in place, a new design algorithm is developed and also explored using case studies. Implications of the proposed changes in ethics and design on engineering education are considered.
Wizard of watts [electronics engineering education]

Medal of Honor winner, James D Meindl, blazed an adventure-packed trail in low-power semiconductors and took generations of graduates students along with him. Meindl, a professor of microelectronics at the Georgia Institute of Technology, says that the most important part of his job is making graduate school fun and exciting. This paper presents a story of Meindl that made an impact on his students' careers and on the field he loves
Astrophysical thermonuclear functions for BoltzmannGibbs statistics and Tsallis statistics

We present an analytic proof of the integrals for astrophysical thermonuclear functions which are derived on the basis of Boltzmann–Gibbs statistical mechanics. Among the four different cases of astrophysical thermonuclear functions, those with a depleted high-energy tail and a cut-off at high energies find a natural interpretation in q-statistics.
Do Trademarks Diminish the Substitutability of Products in Innovative Knowledge-Intensive Services?

Trademarks are often supposed to reduce substitutability and imitability of product innovations. Using German CIS data for 2010, we provide empirical evidence that trademarking firms assess easy product substitutability as less characteristic for their competitive environment. This is particularly the case for knowledge-intensive service providers, product innovators and firms which consider trademarks as important intellectual property rights. This suggests that trademarks are an important supplementary mechanism to protect innovations in knowledgeintensive services.
Does absorptive capacity determine collaborative research returns to innovation? A geographical dimension

This paper aims to estimate the impact of research collaboration with partners in different geographical areas on innovative performance. By using the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel, this study provides evidence that the benefits of research collaboration differ across different dimensions of the geography. We find that the impact of extra-European cooperation on innovation performance is larger than that of national and European cooperation, indicating that firms tend to benefit more from interaction with international partners as a way to access new technologies or specialized and novel knowledge that they are unable to find locally. We also find evidence of the positive role played by absorptive capacity, concluding that it implies a higher premium on the innovation returns to cooperation in the international case and mainly in the European one.
Facies classification and reservoir significance of the Cenozoic intermediate and mafic igneous rocks in Liaohe Depression, East China

The facies classification and corresponding features of the Cenozoic intermediate and mafic igneous rocks are studied by analyzing drilling cores, cuttings and corresponding thin sections, as well as well-loggings and seismic profiles related to the boreholes in Liaohe Depression of Bohai Bay Basin. Six facies and sixteen sub-facies are classified: volcanic conduit facies (diatreme, crypto-explosive breccia and post-intrusive sub-facies), explosive facies (pyroclastic flow, surge, and fall deposits sub-facies), effusive lava flow facies (compound flow, tabular flow, hyaloclastite sub-facies), extrusive dome facies (outer zone, intermediate zone, and inner zone sub-facies), volcaniclastic facies (resedimented volcaniclastics, epiclast-bearing volcanogenic deposits sub-facies), and intrusive facies (margin, core sub-facies). The characteristics and recognition of these sixteen volcanic sub-facies are described and summarized in detail concerning their primary volcanic textures, structures, lithologic assemblages, genesis and material source, spatial occurrence and distribution. Volcanic sub-facies is the primary controlling factor on volcanic reservoir spaces and their configurations. They constrain the styles and degrees of subsequent tectonic fracture and secondary dissolution of the volcanics, thus determining the porosity, permeability, and efficiency of volcanic reservoirs. Three favorable reservoir zones in the Cenozoic intermediate and mafic igneous rocks in Eastern Sag of Liaohe Depression are compound lava flows, outer zone of extrusive dome, and margin of intrusive sub-facies. They should be taken as the major exploration targets of the volcanic reservoirs.
A methodology for integration of patterns with validation purpose

Design patterns are now widely used as a meaning to store and retrieve valuable expert information in order to solve a given problem or provide a selected property. During the software development life cycle, software engineers choose and integrate patterns depending on the specifications. We are proposing a methodology for pattern integration with validation activities. The proposed solution highlights a set of artifacts and practices, based on widely accepted standards such as OCL and UML, a pattern modeling language and using SPEM for the process definition. While ensuring the correctness of the integration, our process is flexible enough to let the designer adapts the solution to his/her particular needs. To illustrate our process, we will apply it to the GoF Mediator pattern and an UML class diagram representing the application of an air traffic controller.
Bathing in reeking wounds: The liberal arts, beauty, and war

A historic dialectic exists between the beautiful and the bestial. The bestial destroys the beautiful, but in a bloody miracle, the beautiful emerges from the womb of the bestial, the ‘terrible beauty’ of which the poet W. B. Yeats wrote. The liberal arts, so often thought to dwell in a remote ivory tower, embody this dialectic. Wars and disasters have spurred their evolution. Even more important, the liberal arts are at once the dialectic's most energetic and sensitive explorers. Shakespeare’s gory tragedy about war and warriors, Macbeth, is a springboard for such explorations, dramatizing a dialectic between war and love, destruction and redemption, savagery and poetry. We bathe in reeking wounds. Because of their diversity, liberal artisans, practitioners of the liberal arts, are now uniquely prepared to engage with this dialectic. They can also inoculate us against the diseases of the allure of war, blood lust, and propaganda.
Groundswell: Winning in a World Transformed by Social Technologies

Now, we come to offer you the right catalogues of book to open. groundswell winning in a world transformed by social technologies is one of the literary work in this world in suitable to be reading material. That's not only this book gives reference, but also it will show you the amazing benefits of reading a book. Developing your countless minds is needed; moreover you are kind of people with great curiosity. So, the book is very appropriate for you.