nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
"Waving a mouchoir à la Wilkes": Hume, radicalism and the North Briton

This article examines the use of David Hume’s political writing by the extraparliamentary opposition writers of the 1760s and early 1770s. The disturbances surrounding the publication of North Briton 45 and Wilkes’s abortive attempts to become MP for Middlesex attracted a level of public support which was remarkable for its size, social diversity and ideological coherence. Hume, as is well known, reacted angrily to this growth in popular politics, condemning both the “mobs” that swept through London in the latter part of the decade and the Ministry’s failure to deal with them. However, while Hume may have been highly critical of the Wilkites, the Wilkites frequently used ideas and quotations from the Scotsman’s work in their anti-Ministerial polemics. My discussion traces the various ways in which Hume was employed in Wilkite political discourse, and aims to establish the significance of these appropriations for our understanding both of Hume’s later life and of the radical politics of the period.
The unification of electromagnetism and gravitation in the context of quantized fractal space-time

The attempts to unify electromagnetism and gravitation have included the formulations of Herman Weyl and the Kaluza–Klein theory with the fifth dimension. More recently there have been fruitful attempts in the domain of Quantum Superstrings and the author's formulation in terms of Quantum Mechanical Kerr–Newman Black Holes. Though all these appear to be widely divergent approaches, they are shown to have a unified underpinning in the context of quantized fractal space-time (QFST).
Accuracy and speed-up of parallel trace-driven architectural simulation

Trace-driven simulation continues to be one of the main evaluation methods in the design of high performance processor-memory sub-systems. In this paper, we examine the varying speed-up opportunities available by processing a given trace in parallel on an IBM SP-2 machine. We also develop a simple, yet effective method of correcting for cold-start cache miss errors, by the use of overlapped trace chunks. We then report selected experimental results to validate our expectations. We show that it is possible to achieve near-perfect speedup without loss of accuracy. Next, in order to achieve further reduction in simulation cost, we combine uniform sampling methods with parallel trace processing with a slight loss of accuracy for finite-cache timer runs. We then show that by using warm-start sequences from preceding trace chunks, it is possible to reduce the errors back to acceptable bounds.
Effects of long-term psychological intervention on blood pressure and health-related quality of life in patients with hypertension among the Chinese working population

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of psychological intervention on blood pressure, health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL), and stroke prevalence in patients with hypertension among the Chinese working population. Cluster sampling was conducted in September 2013 at the Shaanxi Jinduicheng Molybdenum Group General Hospital (intervention group) and the Shaanxi Province Hancheng Mining Bureau General Hospital (control group). The intervention group received regular psychological intervention for 2 years, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral interventions. HRQOL was measured with the Spanish Hypertension Quality of Life Questionnaire (MINICHAL). We analyzed the data from a total of 409 subjects. After 2 years of psychological intervention, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the non-anxiety subgroup, and the anxiety subgroup were lower than baseline levels and lower than those in the control group. Post intervention, the mental state, somatic symptoms, and total MINICHAL scores were significantly below baseline levels, and the stroke morbidity was lower than that in the control group. Post intervention, SBP, DBP, and the MINICHAL scores in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group. SBP, DBP, and the MINICHAL scores were lower in the intervention group after 1 and 2 years of psychological intervention, as compared with the control group. Long-term psychological intervention can thus be used as an adjunctive therapy for patients with hypertension among the Chinese working population to improve their blood pressure, HRQOL and stroke prevalence.
Engineering Mathematics for degree programmes in Building Services Engineering

Building services engineering is an important academic and professional subject area in Hong Kong. Basically, all the design, installation, testing, operation and maintenance of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems, fire engineering systems, water supply and drainage systems, electrical services and control systems are included. Several degree programmes in building services engineering are offered at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Similar to other engineering disciplines, a certain level of mathematical competency is required in the programme. In this paper, engineering mathematics for satisfying the new requirements of those degree programmes is reviewed. Modified syllabuses to accomplish the use of the latest technology in this discipline are recommended. Further, the philosophy of providing a detailed but explicit guideline on how the teaching of engineering mathematics should be conducted is emphasized. A plan for the future development of a teaching portfolio for engineering mathematics has also been identified and discussed.
Climate Change, Fish, Agriculture, and Power: Impacts and Implications for Future Snake River Water Resources Management

This paper describes the approach taken in a study exploring water resources impacts associated with climate change scenarios in the Snake River basin in the Pacific Northwest. The Snake River is an extremely important river within the Columbia River basin that supports significant agricultural activity. Recently, a series of dams on this river have been targeted for removal because of their impact on salmon. Transient climate ensembles are used as inputs to the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) macroscale hydrologic model to predict daily transient streamflow scenarios throughout the basin to 2050. Water resource simulation models are used to predict, on a monthly time-step, the implications of the altered climates on changes in streamflow timing and volume in approximately 91.5% of the basin’s 17.9 BCM of total storage. Preliminary results from these models indicate that both short and longterm climate change will have important implications for future policy and operational decisions in the region. Of particular interest are the effects of increasingly stringent river outflow regulation on irrigation deliveries, fish endangerment, hydropower generation, and flood control. Early analysis indicates that the predicted changes in magnitude and timing of future streamflows under climate change conditions will impact reliability in these areas. To address these concerns, a series of operational alternatives and optimizations are developed that mitigate future agricultural, economic, hydropower, and environmental impacts on the system.
Autonomous sign reading for semantic mapping

We consider the problem of automatically collecting semantic labels during robotic mapping by extending the mapping system to include text detection and recognition modules. In particular, we describe a system by which a SLAM-generated map of an office environment can be annotated with text labels such as room numbers and the names of office occupants. These labels are acquired automatically from signs posted on walls throughout a building. Deploying such a system using current text recognition systems, however, is difficult since even state-of-the-art systems have difficulty reading text from non-document images. Despite these difficulties we present a series of additions to the typical mapping pipeline that nevertheless allow us to create highly usable results. In fact, we show how our text detection and recognition system, combined with several other ingredients, allows us to generate an annotated map that enables our robot to recognize named locations specified by a user in 84% of cases.
Design concept of the new international teaching buildings in modern universities

Most of the teaching buildings in early universities used to focus on good looks, simple functions and the functional divisions. This design mode has brought about many problems while widely used, such as insufficient traffic within the building, disordered architectural forms and the lack of communication between the building designer and the users. This paper comes up with the idea of a new design concept of the international teaching buildings in modern universities, which creates a public space for socializing and brings out the integration of teaching and research. The design, which is more people-friendly, will present people with the integration of cultures, thus making the teaching building a complex with intensive and international elements.
Infinite multiple membership relational modeling for complex networks

Learning latent structure in complex networks has become an important problem fueled by many types of networked data originating from practically all fields of science. In this paper, we propose a new non-parametric Bayesian multiple-membership latent feature model for networks. Contrary to existing multiple-membership models that scale quadratically in the number of vertices the proposed model scales linearly in the number of links admitting multiple-membership analysis in large scale networks. We demonstrate a connection between the single membership relational model and multiple membership models and show on “real” size benchmark network data that accounting for multiple memberships improves the learning of latent structure as measured by link prediction while explicitly accounting for multiple membership result in a more compact representation of the latent structure of networks.
From a foreign correspondent: Alejo Carpentier’s Parisian Chronicles

The Cuban writer Alejo Carpentier (1904-1980) was of French-Russian parentage and resided in Paris both during his formative teenage years and after being forced to flee Havana in 1928 due to his leftist political activities. Remaining in self-imposed exile for a period of eleven years until 1939, Carpentier became closely involved with musical as well as literary and artistic circles of the contemporary Parisian avant-garde, and survived writing music and arts criticism. Before his enforced departure from Havana, Carpentier had established himself as a leading critic for the Cuban intellectual journals Social and Carteles; his monthly columns reveal his committed advocacy of European modernism at a time when musical and artistic life in Havana was as conservative as the political regime of Cuba’s president Machado was repressive. When he arrived in Paris, Carpentier continued to write for both Social and Carteles, serving as a foreign correspondent reporting on musical and artistic life in the French capital to feed the ever-growing Cuban appetite for cultural news from the city that had long been the cultural promised land for Latin American musicians, artists and intellectuals. 
Although Carpentier’s Parisian articles were intended for a Cuban readership already familiar with his modernist aesthetic standpoint (some articles were, however, published in France), his criticism provides a personal interpretation and assessment of contemporary trends while shedding valuable light on the broader activities and interactions of the Parisian musical milieu. This paper will investigate Carpentier’s Parisian music criticism of the interwar years preserved in the multi-volume collections entitled Cronicas and Ese musico que llevo dentro, to reveal not only his commitment to new music of the age, but also his engagement with current issues in France.
CLAM: Connection-less, Lightweight, and Multiway Communication Support for Distributed Computing

A number of factors motivate and favor the implementation of communication protocols in user-space. There is a particularly strong motivation for the provision of scalable, multiway and connectionless transport for distributed computing, multimedia, and conferencing applications. This is also true of high speed networking, where it is beneficial to keep the OS kernel out of the critical path in communication. User-space protocol implementations may hold the key to optimal functionality and performance. We describe the Connectionless, Lightweight and Multiway (CLAM) communications system which provides efficient and scalable user-space support for distributed applications requiring multiple protocols. The system supports heterogeneous networked applications with irregular or asynchronous communication patterns and multimodal data. We focus on motivating and describing the CLAM architecture and present some experimental results that evaluate an specific protocol module inside this architecture.
Evolution of the Human Capital Doctrine

The human capital theory is one of the most significant scientific and practical achievements in the history of the economic thought in the twentieth century. The presented work shows an attempt to retrace and critically estimate the evolution of this doctrine from its genesis in the studies of the classics and postclassics of the political economy to its incorporation into the characteristic present-day economy of knowledge. The analysis covers the development of the traditional neoclassical human capital theory and its impact on the related concepts of other dominant schools of the modern economics.
Feed-down effect on $\Lambda$ spin polarization

We develop a theoretical framework to study the feed-down effect of higher-lying strange baryons on the spin polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperon. In this framework, we consider two-body decays through strong, electromagnetic, and weak processes and derive general formulas for the angular distribution and spin polarization of the daughter particle by adopting the helicity formalism. Using the realistic experimental data as input, we explore the feed-down contribution to the global and the local $\Lambda$ polarization and find that such contribution suppresses the primordial $\Lambda$ polarization, which is not strong enough to resolve the discrepancy between the current theoretical and experimental results on the azimuthal-angle dependence of $\Lambda$ polarization. Our study may also be useful to the measurement of spin polarization of baryons heavier than $\Lambda$ (e.g., $\Xi^-$) in future experiment.
Internal Capital Markets in Business Groups

This paper extends a structural model of investment with costly external finance to firms in business groups, derives an empirical regression counterpart, and uses it to test for the existence of internal capital markets in business groups and various characteristics of a group that tend to affect within-group resource allocation. I use a unique firm-level data submitted to Thailand's Ministry of Commerce as a sample in the empirical sections. The results show that corporate ownership, control rights, and within-group intermediaries tend to facilitate the internal capital markets. Corporate laws that protect minority shareholders lead to the less efficient internal capital markets although the effect is indirectly through the smaller cash flow rights and voting rights of controlling shareholders over the listed firms as compared to the non-listed firms. Groups with more member firms that are structured vertically tend to have more efficient internal capital markets while horizontal structure has no effect on within-group resource allocation. Finally, the more industry diversification, the more efficient the internal capital markets in business groups. In sum, the paper provides empirical evidence from firm-level data that the structure of business groups and corporate governance are related to the investment behavior of firms.
Foundations of Moral and Political Philosophy

The no-good-reason thesis, Judith Jarvis Thomson the nature of immorality, Jean Hampton tradition and reason in the history of ethics, T.H. Irwin ethics and stochastic processes, Russell Hardin moral individualism - agent-relativity and deontic restraints, Eric Mack two-tier moral codes, Holly M. Smith motive and obligation in the British moralists, Stephen L. Darwall naturalism and prescriptivity, Peter Railton communities of judgement, Alan Gibbard
Automating Legal Research through Data Mining

The term legal research generally refers to the process of identifying and retrieving appropriate information necessary to support legal decision-making from past case records. At present, the process is mostly manual, but some traditional technologies such as keyword searching are commonly used to speed the process up. But a keyword search is not a comprehensive search to cater to the requirements of legal research as the search result includes too many false hits in terms of irrelevant case records. Hence the present generic tools cannot be used to automate legal research. This paper presents a framework which was developed by combining several ‘Text Mining’ techniques to automate the process overcoming the difficulties in the existing methods. Further, the research also identifies the possible enhancements that could be done to enhance the effectiveness of the framework.
Research on Asymmetric Response of Overinvestment to Monetary Policy

In order to better understand the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, we evaluated the asymmetric response of corporate over investment to monetary policy. We tested the different effects of monetary policy on excessive investment under the different corporate ownership structure. There are two findings. First, listed companies in China generally have excessive investment behavior. Second, excessive investment behavior of non-state-owned enterprises on the monetary policy reaction is more sensitive than state-owned enterprises. That is, for non-state-owned enterprises, the impact of monetary policy on excessive investment is more serious.
Retrading, production, and asset market performance.

Prior studies have shown that traders quickly converge to the price-quantity equilibrium in markets for goods that are immediately consumed, but they produce speculative price bubbles in resalable asset markets. We present a stock-flow model of durable assets in which the existing stock of assets is subject to depreciation and producers may produce additional units of the asset. In our laboratory experiments inexperienced consumers who can resell their units disregard the consumption value of the assets and compete vigorously with producers, depressing prices and production. Consumers who have first participated in experiments without resale learn to heed their consumption values and, when they are given the option to resell, trade at equilibrium prices. Reproducibility is therefore the most natural and most effective treatment for suppression of bubbles in asset market experiments.
Discovery of Xiaogulihe perpotassic basic and ultrabasic volcanic rock in the north-west Heilongjiang province, China

A suite of basic to urtrabasic per-potassic volcanic rocks in the north part of Wudalianchi rift belt, Heilongjiang province are reported in this paper. On the basin of detailed field investigation, eruption sequence of the volcanic rocks has been identified and was confirmed that they are evolved from basic to urtrabasic with the contant of K_2O and TiO_2 progressively. Such observation leads to a preliminary conclusion about the origin of the ultrabasic- per-potassic rocks, i. e. instead of the resuslt of crystal fractionation of a parental magma, they are produced in an independent typhonic magmatic events against a tectonic background of rift evolution. The Xiaogulihe urtrabasic-perpotassic volcanic rocks were compared with famous potassic volcanic rocks in world as Uganda and Italy etc.
Employment turnover and the public allocation of unemployment insurance

Unemployment benefits are higher and turnover between unemployment and employment is lower in Europe than in the U.S. We model the political determination of the unemployment insurance to explain these differences. We show that saving and borrowing is a good substitute for unemployment insurance when turnover is high. With high turnover, the median voter thus prefers low unemployment insurance. With low turnover, generous unemployment insurance becomes more valuable. If the median voter cannot bind future voters, the voting cycle must, however, be long in order to support a high level of insurance. Endogenizing turnover produces the possibility of multiple political equilibria.
ENIAC: the triumphs and tragedies of the world's first computer [Book Review]

Granta Books, London, 1999, £9.99, 285-X. At first glance a review of a biography of a crystallographer, no matter how famous, appears to offer little to those interested in the history of computing. In fact Georgina Ferry’s excellent, and most enjoyable, biography of Nobel laureate Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin gives an unintentional insight into how changes in computing machines and techniques influenced the research of X-ray crystallographers. Computation is never a main theme of this book but the casual computing references (not all of them accurate in their detail) paint a brief but telling picture of the effect that computing machinery development had on science. Mention is made of slide rules and logarithm tables, of desk calculating machines and Fourier syntheses using BeeverLipson strips, of Hollerith machines and the analogue X-RAC, of the English Deuce and the American SWAC, and beyond. The whole spectrum of 20th-century computing is briefly covered within the context of developments in another science. The impact that changes in computing techniques had on different sciences opens up huge areas of possible research for computer historians. Books such as this illustrate just how much work there is still to be done in understanding mid-20th century computing. Mary Croarken National Maritime Museum
[Experience with the treatment of war injuries in Afghanistan].

The International Committee of the Red Cross surgical hospital for Afghan war-wounded is located across the border in Pakistan. The author describes experiences from his work in that hospital from July 1981 to November 1985. During the period, 6,700 patients were admitted to the hospital and 13,184 major and minor surgical operations were performed. In the case of persons wounded in guerilla warfare, when treatment is delayed due to poor transportation facilities, the accepted treatment for conventional battlefield injuries should not be applied without modification. The author discusses the principles for treating injuries to different organs.
Mass, entropy and holography in asymptotically de Sitter spaces

We propose a novel prescription for computing the boundary stress tensor and charges of asymptotically de Sitter (dS) spacetimes from data at early or late time infinity. If there is a holographic dual to dS spaces, defined analogously to the AdS/CFT correspondence, our methods compute the (Euclidean) stress tensor of the dual. We compute the masses of Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes in four and five dimensions, and the masses and angular momenta of Kerr-de Sitter spaces in three dimensions. All these spaces are less massive than de Sitter, a fact which we use to qualitatively and quantitatively relate de Sitter entropy to the degeneracy of possible dual field theories. Our results in general dimension lead to a conjecture: Any asymptotically de Sitter spacetime with mass greater than de Sitter has a cosmological singularity. Finally, if a dual to de Sitter exists, the trace of our stress tensor computes the RG equation of the dual field theory. Cosmological time evolution corresponds to RG evolution in the dual. The RG evolution of the c function is then related to changes in accessible degrees of freedom in an expanding universe.