nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Key Account Management and Quality in Business-to-Business Relationships

What are the main elements of successful Key Account Management (KAM)? What is the nature of quality for the company and for the individual in business-to-business relationships? What kind of managerial practices are required at the company and individual level in Key Account Management? This paper focuses on these central aspects of KAM. It describes the main elements of KAM, which is a systematic marketing management approach in the business-to-business context with the objective to build profitable and long-lasting relationships with major accounts. Although paying customers in the business-to-business market are organizations, they are always represented by individuals. Thus, successful KAM requires appropriate handling of both the organizational and the individual levels. This paper describes the nature of quality for the company and for the individual in business-to-business relationships. As a synthesis, this paper suggests a framework for KAM practices deploying the main elements of KAM and the company and individual levels of business-to-business relationships. The weakness of the traditional quality management approach is that it pays little, if any, attention to customer importance. By providing similar quality to each customer, more important customers are penalized and less important customers are rewarded. This paper broadens the traditional quality management approach by introducing the concept of targeted quality based on customer importance.
Virginia Woolf and the modern sublime : the invisible tribunal

1. Like Giving Birth to a Dead White Star: An  To the Modern Sublime in Virginia Woolf 2. Burning Through Every  On Narrating The Modern Sublime in Jacob's Room 3. The Uncanny Muse of Creative Reading: On The New Cambridge Edition of Mrs. Dalloway 4. The Modern Sublime in To the Lighthouse 5. The Revisionary Muse in On Being Ill: Literary Politics, Modernist-Style 6. 'Unborn Selves' in The Waves 7. The Self-Revising Muse: On the Spirit of The Unborn Creator in A Room of One's Own 8. Coda: 'Images of Voice' and the Art of the Sublime
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE η-MESON INTERACTION WITH TWO NUCLEONS

By means of the COSY-11 detection system, using a stochastically cooled proton beam of the cooler synchrotron COSY and a hydrogen cluster target, we have performed a high statistics measurement of the pp --> pp eta reaction at an excess energy of Q = 15.5 MeV. 
The experiment was based on the four-momentum determination of both outgoing protons. This permits to identify pp --> pp eta events and to derive the complete kinematical information of the eta-p-p-system allowing for subsequent investigations of the eta-p interaction. 
The observed spectrum of the invariant mass of the proton-proton system deviates strongly from the phase-space distribution revealing the influence of the final-state-interaction among the outgoing particles or nontrivial features of the primary production mechanism.
Randomized trial of a nurse-administered, telephone-based disease management program for patients with heart failure.

Heart failure is a common and important cause of morbidity and mortality. Disease management offers promise in reducing the need for hospitalization and improving quality of life for heart failure patients, but experimental data on the efficacy of such programs are limited.



A total of 151 patients hospitalized with heart failure were randomized to usual care or scheduled telephone calls by specially trained nurses promoting self-management and guideline-based therapy as prescribed by primary physicians. Nurses also screened patients for heart failure exacerbations, which they managed with supplemental diuretics or by contacting the primary physician for instructions. Outcomes included time to hospital encounter, mortality, number and cost of hospitalizations, functional status, and satisfaction with care. Intervention patients had a longer time to encounter (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47-0.96; P = .029), hospital readmission (HR = 0.67; CI 0.46-0.99; P = .045), and heart failure-specific readmission (HR = 0.62; CI 0.38-1.03; P = .063). The number of admissions, hospital days, and hospital costs were significantly lower during the first 6 months after intervention but not at 1 year. The intervention had little effect on functional status, mortality, and satisfaction with care.



A nurse-administered, telephone-based disease management program delayed subsequent health care encounters, but had minimal impact on other outcomes.
Correction to “Combinatorics and geometry of power ideals”: Two counterexamples for power ideals of hyperplane arrangements

We disprove Holtz and Ron’s conjecture that the power ideal CA,−2 of a hyperplane arrangement A (also called the internal zonotopal space) is generated by A-monomials. We also show that, in contrast with the case k ≥ −2, the Hilbert series of CA,k is not determined by the matroid of A for k ≤ −6. Remark. This note is a corrigendum to our article , and we follow the notation of that paper.
Earth: Then and Now

Introducing the Earth. Part 1 Physical geology - Earth materials and processes: minerals igneous rocks and processes, volcanoes weathering, soil, sediment and sedimentary rocks metamorphism and metamorphic rocks plate tectonics earthquakes, seismic waves and the Earth's interior the continental crust ocean basins, coastal processes streams groundwater and water resources landslides and mass wasting ice, wind and climate. Part 2 Historical geology - time and theevolution of the Earth: geological time fossils and evolution the Archean the Proterozoic the earlt Proterozoic the late Proterozoic the Mesozoic Mesozoic life the Cenozoic. Part 3 Looking to the future - Earth resources: mineral resources.  mineral and rock identification fossil phyla representative localities unit conversions.
Articular models for first-degree paraconsistent systems

We present a class of models (h-models) in which the sentences of a propositional language are represented as simple hypergraphs on the power set of a universe, and in which entailments are modeled by relations between hypergraphs. An h-model theoretic semantic analysis of the system FDE of first-degree entailment is proposed and a non-constructive completeness proof given in the familiar idiom of Henkin models. Finally we introduce a hitherto unstudied system of analytic entailment and provide its natural h-model representation.
Towards engineering models of aspectual pervasive software services

With the proliferation of ubiquitous computing devices and mobile internet it is envisaged that future pervasive services will be increasingly large-scale and operate at an inter-organizational level. Therefore, designing and implementing pervasive services will be a more complex and challenging task. Building software architectural models of concurrent and distributed pervasive services and their compositions provide engineers a better understanding of how these complex services inter-operate and help uncover any errors during the early stages of the software lifecycle. In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on behavioral modeling and analysis techniques for representing pervasive software services and verifying process behavior of these models against specified system properties. As part of ongoing research, we model the crosscutting context-dependent behavior of our services as aspect-oriented models using a custom Unified Modeling Language (UML) profile, and apply model transformation techniques to automatically translate the aspects into state machine based behavioral representations to facilitate rigorous software process analysis. The approach is explored using an existing case study in transport and logistics.
Cosmic-Ray Propagation and Interactions in the Galaxy

We survey the theory and experimental tests for the propagation of cosmic rays in the Galaxy up to energies of 10 15 eV. A guide to the previous reviews and essential literature is given, followed by an exposition of basic principles. The basic ideas of cosmic-ray propagation are described, and the physical origin of its processes is explained. The various techniques for computing the observational consequences of the theory are described and contrasted. These include analytical and numerical techniques. We present the comparison of models with data, including direct and indirect—especially γ-ray—observations, and indicate what we can learn about cosmic-ray propagation. Some important topics, including electron and antiparticle propagation, are chosen for discussion.
Identifying and addressing safety signals in clinical trials.

Interventions for the prevention or treatment of disease that are based on our understanding of the pathobiologic features of the illness can provide benefit in how a patient feels or functions or in whether the patient survives. Such benefits are generally achieved through on-target biologic effects of the intervention. However, there are numerous recent cases in which it has been established or strongly suggested that off-target effects of such interventions have adversely altered their risk–benefit profile. For example, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors provide an analgesic benefit with a reduced risk of gastrointestinal side . . .
Construction and Control of a Modern Pentathlon Center Installation Engineering

The Modern Pentathlon Center totally attracts RMB 750,000,000 Yuan investment, covers an area of 360mu and is the modern pentathlon base with largest scale and most perfect facilities in China, which is the first modernized playground gathering the five playing fields of modern pentathlon in the world. The Modern Pentathlon Center Installation Engineering mainly features on large construction area, large work amount, sophisticated construction coordination and technical requirements and high requirement on construction period etc. Meanwhile, the main difficulty of the engineering is large work amount, extensive coordination, many cross operations, sophisticated construction technology and high technical requirement. The paper expounds the key points of engineering construction and control. The engineering is finished successfully on schedule by means of construction control, which could provide some reference experiences for other similar projects.
The Prevalence of Inpatients at 33 U.S. Hospitals Appropriate for and Receiving Referral to Palliative Care.

The extent of unmet need for palliative care in U.S. hospitals remains largely unknown. We conducted a multisite cross-sectional, retrospective point prevalence analysis to determine the size and characteristics of the population of inpatients at 33 U.S. hospitals who were appropriate for palliative care referral, as well as the percentage of these patients who were referred for and/or received palliative care services. We also conducted a qualitative assessment of barriers and facilitators to referral, focusing on organizational characteristics that might influence palliative care referral practices.



Patients appropriate for palliative care referral were defined as adult (≥18 years) patients with any diagnosis of a poor-prognosis cancer, New York Heart Association class IV congestive heart failure, or oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who had inpatient status in 1 of 33 hospitals on May 13, 2014. Qualitative assessment involved interviews of palliative care team members and nonpalliative care frontline providers.



Nearly 19% of inpatients on the point prevalence day were deemed appropriate for palliative care referral. Of these, approximately 39% received a palliative care referral or services. Delivery of palliative care services to these patients varied widely among participating hospitals, ranging from approximately 12% to more than 90%. Factors influencing differences in referral practices included nonstandardized perceptions of referral criteria and variation in palliative care service structures.



This study provides useful information to guide providers, administrators, researchers, and policy experts in planning for optimal provision of palliative care services to those in need.
Electronic commerce: a strategic application?

The rapid growth of wide area networks in recent years has opened up a new avenue for companies to market products and services and disseminate information about them to potential customers. Two hundred and twelve companies that conduct business in such a way responded to an e-mail survey about the anticipated benefits that prompted them to do so. The survey also asked about three potential strategies for achieving business objectives cost leadership, focus, and differentiation that they may have been following. Six benefits factors competitiveness, control, cost savings, information, new applications, and productivity emerged from this study. Competitiveness was the most important benefit and predicted a dit%erentiation strategy. Productivity and new applications also predicted a dit%rentiation strategy. Cost savings predicted a cost leadership strategy. No benefits factor predicted a focus Ss_ategy.This assessmentthus sheds light on why organizations conduct electronic commerce.
"Modes of Knowing: Intellectual and Social Dimensions of Time in Africa"

Grounded against a background of a critique of Western characterizations of time in Africa in simple terms such as cyclical or devoid of a sense of the future, the essay analyzes the complex ways in which Africans experience time. Although no single time construct can be applied to all of Africa, since each culture experiences time dynamically in its own way, certain commonalities can be drawn. Today, as millions of Africans find themselves at the confluence of tradition and modernity, the way in which they experience time is multilevel. Conceptions of time are embedded in multiple institutions and practices: life cycles; occupational calendars observed by farmers, fishermen and other workers; ritual calendrical systems in which there are definite patterns of days set aside for performing specific rituals of state; annual festivals that mark the commencement of the local year rather than the arbitrary January 1; myths, legends and genealogies that embody temporal constructs; various indigenous mechanisms and strategies used to establish chronologies, etc.
On affine interest rate models

Bernstein processes are Brownian diffusions that appear in Euclidean Quantum Mechanics. Knowledge of the symmetries of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation associated with these processes allows one to obtain relations between stochastic processes (Lescot-Zambrini, Progress in Probability, vols 58 and 59). More recently it has appeared that each one--factor affine interest rate model (in the sense of Leblanc-Scaillet) could be described using such a Bernstein process.
The Returns to Criminal Capital

Human capital theory (Becker 1962; Mincer 1958; Schultz 1960; 1961) posits that individuals can increase their labor market returns through investments in education and training. This concept has been studied extensively across several disciplines. An analog concept of criminal capital, while the focus of speculation and limited empirical study, remains considerably less developed theoretically and methodologically. This paper offers a formal theoretical model of criminal capital indicators and tests for greater illegal wage returns using a sample of serious adolescent offenders, many of whom participate in illegal income-generating activities. Our results reveal that, consistent with human capital theory, there are important illegal wage premiums associated with investments in criminal capital, notably an increasing but declining marginal return to experience and a premium for specialization. Further, as in studies of legal labor markets, we find strong evidence that, if left unaccounted for, non-random sample selection causes severe bias in models of illegal wages. Theoretical and practical implications of these results, along with directions for future research, are discussed.
The poetry of Sylvia Plath

Sylvia Plath is one of the most important writers of the twentieth century. Her second volume of poetry, Ariel, published posthumously in 1965, shocked and provoked reviewers with its unexpected intensity and power. Initially recognised as a confessional or extremist poet, Plath was significantly reassessed by revisionist feminist readings of the 1970s, which argued for her consideration within a feminist canon and signalled the move towards increasingly sophisticated theoretical discussion. The publication of Plath's Collected Poems in 1981 confirmed her as a poet of stature and maturity. In this Readers' Guide, Claire Brennan explores the critical debates surrounding Plath's poetry. Beginning with reviews of her initial collection, The Colossus, the reader is clearly guided through the profusion of critical material that has variously described Plath as feminine and feminist, personal and political, an American modernist and an English Romantic. The Guide includes extracts from Robert Lowell's influential foreword to the American edition of Ariel, and significant cultural readings from Susan Van Dyne and Alan Sinfield. Recognising the centrality of Plath to feminist debates, this Guide follows the progression from Sandra M. Gilbert's defining essay of 1979 to Jacqueline Rose's ground-breaking study, The Haunting of Sylvia Plath (1991). The final chapter contains extracts from recent articles offering innovative considerations of subjectivity and nationality.
Sunflower Management and Capital Budgeting

A sandbox provided for indoor use consists of a sheet of fabric-like material having a collapsible wall about its perimeter such that, when the sheet is smoothed into a substantially flat horizontal condition, the collapsible wall stands in substantially vertical relation along the perimeter of the sheet. Thus, the smoothed out sheet and the vertical wall define a contained play area to hold sand. Preferably, the wall is formed of sections of a cushion-like material such as foam rubber covered by material such as that used to form the horizontal sheet. Thus the wall would be collapsible along the vertical folds defined at the junctions of the covered foam rubber sections. Interior to the perimeter of the sandbox, the upper surface of the sheet is fitted with a gathering mechanism, typically a drawstring laid out in circular fashion on the top surface of the sheet with a circular stretch of material covering the drawstring and fixed to the sheet.
Seismic data acquisition techniques on loess hills in the ordos basin

High-resolution exploration for lithologic targets confronted with difficulties due to the original brought out from geophysical and geologic characteristics of the loess hills and the very thick deserts in Ordos. Scientific research since mid 1990s has conducted three acquisition techniques including the high-resolution crooked line survey in valleys, high-resolution multiple straight line survey and 3D survey, under different surface conditions and for different geological targets.
Optimizing R with SparkR on a commodity cluster for biomedical research

Medical researchers are challenged today by the enormous amount of data collected in healthcare. Analysis methods such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are often computationally intensive and thus require enormous resources to be performed in a reasonable amount of time. While dedicated clusters and public clouds may deliver the desired performance, their use requires upfront financial efforts or anonymous data, which is often not possible for preliminary or occasional tasks. We explored the possibilities to build a private, flexible cluster for processing scripts in R based on commodity, non-dedicated hardware of our department.



For this, a GWAS-calculation in R on a single desktop computer, a Message Passing Interface (MPI)-cluster, and a SparkR-cluster were compared with regards to the performance, scalability, quality, and simplicity.



The original script had a projected runtime of three years on a single desktop computer. Optimizing the script in R already yielded a significant reduction in computing time (2 weeks). By using R-MPI and SparkR, we were able to parallelize the computation and reduce the time to less than three hours (2.6 h) on already available, standard office computers. While MPI is a proven approach in high-performance clusters, it requires rather static, dedicated nodes. SparkR and its Hadoop siblings allow for a dynamic, elastic environment with automated failure handling. SparkR also scales better with the number of nodes in the cluster than MPI due to optimized data communication.



R is a popular environment for clinical data analysis. The new SparkR solution offers elastic resources and allows supporting big data analysis using R even on non-dedicated resources with minimal change to the original code. To unleash the full potential, additional efforts should be invested to customize and improve the algorithms, especially with regards to data distribution.
Rereading Hannah Arendt's Kant Lectures:

This paper offers a restatement of the basic project of Hannah Arendt's Lectures on Kant's Political Philosophy, tries to trace its theoretical motivation, and presents some criticisms of Arendt's interpretation of Kant's Critique of Judgment. Arendt's political philosophy as a whole is an attempt to ground the idea of human dignity on the publicly displayed 'words and deeds' that con stitute the realm of human affairs. This project involves a philo sophical response both to Plato's impugning of the dignity of the polis and to Hegel's founding of modern historicism. The Kant Lectures bring this philosophical project to its completion because the enact ment of public deeds presupposes a company of judging spectators who draw meaning from the spectacle by judging and appreciating what is enacted. But this conception, precisely because it relates so deeply to Arendt's own theoretical impulse, leads to a sometimes onesided and misleading reading of Kant.
Enduring Visions of Instruction in Academic Libraries: A Review of a Spirited Early Twentieth-Century Discussion

Some of the most enduring, and engaging, questions within academic librarianship are those about students and research skills. The vocabulary employed for discussion has evolved, but essential questions—what skills do students need to be taught, who should teach them, and how?—have persisted from the nineteenth century into the twenty-first. This article examines current and historical aspects of these questions, with special focus on an extended early twentieth-century debate between librarian John Cotton Dana and Vassar College history professor Lucy Maynard Salmon about who should provide library instruction: librarians or professors?