nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Finite-state and Definable Winning Strategies

Church's Problem asks for the construction of a procedure which, 
given a logical specification $\varphi$ on sequence pairs, realizes 
for any input sequence $I$ an output sequence $O$ such that $(I, 
satisfies $\varphi$. McNaughton reduced Church's Problem to a problem about two-player$\omega$-games. 
B\"uchi and Landweber gave a solution for 
Monadic Second-Order Logic of Order ($\MLO$) specifications in terms of finite-state strategies. 
 
We consider two natural generalizations of the Church problem to 
countable ordinals: the first deals with finite-state strategies; 
the second deals with $\MLO$-definable strategies. We investigate 
games of arbitrary countable length and prove the computability of 
these generalizations of Church's problem.
Juvenile diabetes mellitus--a risk factor for postoperative venous thromboembolism?

In a retrospective analysis of 125 patients and a prospective evaluation of 83 patients with terminal uremia undergoing kidney transplantation, juvenile diabetes mellitus was found to be a significant risk factor for the development of postoperative thromboembolism. We found a high frequency of objectively verified thromboembolism despite the relatively young age of the patients. Besides diabetes, no other clinical risk factor differed between patients with and without thrombosis.
Karel Marx: Člověk a náboženství

The paper concentrates on Marx’s critique of religion especially from the view of it’s anthropological point. It uncovers that the center of Marx’s Critique is "man creates religion, not vice versa – religion the man" and that the critique of religion is the core of all the critique. It concentrates on the Marx’s critique of Feuerbach´s religion of an abstract man" and consequently Hegel’s "absolute Spirit", that should create the history. However we learnt that for Marx a man is the real subject of the human history. A man no abstract, but always concrete in his material relationship with the nature and with other people. The paper tries to point out the false and biased interpretations of the intentions of Marx and a man of history generally only from the material point of view. One of the main moments was also the critique of the relationship of religion – ideology, which leads to the display of the closure of forms of religion with the actual form of human production. Next point is that Marxs´s critique notices mainly the self-exterioration in religion, the relationship of religion and ideology. The religious world is only a reflection of the real world. The conclusion is interpretation of Marx´s philosophy as the interest in the man and realization of his potential.
Chronic insomnia and performance in a 24-h constant routine study.

Insomniacs report daytime functioning problems, but studies of neurobehavioral functioning in insomniacs have shown little objective evidence of impairment. In addition, very little is known about the influence of the circadian clock on performance in chronic insomniacs. In the present study, we investigated whether chronic insomnia is associated with an overall performance deficit, and what the effect is of circadian rhythmicity, under strictly controlled laboratory conditions. A 24-h experiment was carried out under constant routine conditions. Psychomotor performance, body temperature, and subjective functioning of 11 insomniacs and 13 healthy subjects were assessed. The insomniacs showed significant overall performance impairments in vigilance, working memory, and motor control. In addition, body temperature, performance and subjective functioning showed a circadian pattern similar to healthy subjects, with trough values in the late night/early morning and peak values in the early evening. Self-reported functioning among the insomniacs indicated mood disturbances, concentration problems, elevated fatigue and elevated sleepiness. The results indicated that chronic insomnia is associated with a substantial lowering of the 24-h level of performance and subjective functioning, irrespective of the type of task and/or the particular parameter, and without differential effects of circadian rhythmicity. Apparently, chronic insomnia has a negative impact upon performance as measured under strictly controlled, unmasked conditions.
Palaeomagnetic dating of haematite genesis in Orcadian Basin sediments

Synopsis Stable directions of remanence in samples of the red facies of the Old Red Sandstone in the Caithness region correspond to a complex magnetisation mainly acquired in Carbo-Permian times. This indicates that haematite in these sediments formed or passed through a growth stage in late Palaeozoic Permian times that obscured most pre-existing magnetisation and was not seriously affected by any later chemical changes. The timing of this period of haematite growth illustrates the application of palaeomagnetic techniques to the dating of certain post depositional processes in sedimentary rocks and raises problems about the mechanism involved in such changes in the case of the Old Red Sandstones of northern Scotland.
Screening sanctity : modern visual theory and divine visions in thirteenth-century female saints' lives from the Low Countries

Acknowledging their powerful visual element, theological historian Bernard McGinn maintains that medieval saints’ lives are ‘something like modern film’. My thesis interrogates this assertion by bringing theoretical perspectives from twenty-first century film studies to analyse the Latin biographies of the group known as the ‘Holy Women of Liege’. Commonly (though not always accurately) considered to be ‘beguines’, these women were practitioners of a new form of female spiritual practice that emerged in the thirteenth century in the Low Countries. Practitioners of this new form of devotion typically lived unenclosed in semi-organised communities (beguinages). They embraced work in society, such as tending the sick and the poor, while simultaneously devoting themselves to God. Written shortly after the protagonists’ death by a collection of anonymous and clerical authors, the Liege vitae are filled with dramatic visions of God and intense physical unions with Christ which run alongside, and justify, tales of the women’s involvement in social, political, and religious spheres. These texts — controversial and polemical in their own time and since — demonstrate the problematic division of body and soul, Christ and human, in the period, revealing the potential of text to transmit visual experiences. Following the advice of medievalist Stephen G. Nichols, my analyses of these texts consider medieval scholarship in conversation with modern theories and questions. Recent developments in visual theory allow for fresh perspectives on the conceptualisation and function of the holy Liegeoises’ divine visions. I include chapters focusing on different strands of such theory: embodied spectatorship, the relationship of film to time and mortality, celebrity studies, and digital environments. Through theoretically informed close readings of the vitae, I argue for a spectrum of visual experience running from the medieval to the modern period, a non-hierarchical and interconnected series of possible viewing positions which inform both medieval and modern experiences.
Indigenous Women in the Early African Church

In her book entitled In Memory of Her: a feminist theological reconstruction of Christian origins, Elisabeth Schussler Fiorenza illustrated how the New Testament gives glimpses of the first women who helped spread the Christian faith. Fiorenza argued that accounts of Christian history contain selected information reflecting androcentric preoccupations, and authors of such documents have manufactured the historical marginalisation of women. In the history of Christian missions in Africa a similar process occurred. Names of significant women, both European and indigenous, are given without details of their activities. This article explores how much can be learnt from the writings of female missionaries. The focus is on Betty Chungu. Born early in the twentieth century in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia), she became a pupil at Mbereshi Girls’ Boarding School. The importance of Chungu’s work and her role in the emergent African Church is recorded in books written by missionary teacher Mabel Shaw.
GEOLOGY AND GENESIS OF THE YAO'AN GOLD DEPOSIT RELATED TO ALKALI-RICH MAGMATIC ROCK IN YUNNAN PROVINCE

Yao'an gold deposit,located in Northwest Yunnan Province,is a typical deposit related to the Himalayan epoch alkali-rich intrusive rocks.The ore-forming process could be div ided into three epoches and five stages.There are several obvious alteration zones in the ore district.The occurrence of o re-bodies or ore-veins are closely r elated to the alkali-rich rock bodies /veins spatially,temporally and genetically.By researches on the gold content,is otopes and REE in different types of rocks,it is con cluded that the origin of the gold and fluid was not from the alkali-rich ro cks,but mainly from the depth of the earth(mantle or the mixing zone of mantle an d lower crust)The relationship between magmatic evolution and gold mineralization is further discussed.
The New Economics of Labor Migration: Beware of Neoclassicals Bearing Gifts

Until the emergence of the New Economics of Labor Migration (NELM) in the 1980s, migration scholars were largely divided into two main theoretical camps, viz. the neoclassical and historical-structural approaches to migration. Against this background, the NELM presented itself as a theoretical ‘third way’ between the two latter approaches, and purported to reconcile agency and structure in a way previously unachieved by either of them. While those pretensions gained a fair amount of acceptance and popularity, this paper argues that they are fundamentally misleading, and that the NELM is little more than a slightly more sophisticated avatar of the neoclassical approach to migration, whose fundamental weaknesses it has not, and cannot, shed. This paper further argues that, in so doing, the NELM effectively constitutes migration theory’s own instance of economics imperialism, i.e. the attempt to advance the fundamental tenets of neoclassical economics (methodological individualism and the assumption of optimizing rationality) within the context of the study and interpretation of various social phenomena. In order to put forth these arguments, this paper provides a summary presentation of the standard neoclassical theory of migration, the historical-structural heterodoxy and the NELM; highlights why it is that the NELM should be regarded as a ‘reworked’ version of the neoclassical theoretical framework and discusses its inception in the context of the ‘information-theoretic revolution’ in economics; and argues for a new and improved ‘historical-structural synthesis’ as a more satisfactory alternative to both the NELM and the standard neoclassical theory.
Sokkuram：Buddhist monument and political statement in Korea.(Buddhist Archaeology)

A brief historical setting of Sokkuram in the context of Silla unification of Korea will be followed by a further brief cultural setting of this temple ‐ considering it a product of both an international Buddhism and an ‘international style’. The first discussion deals with those aspects which set Sokkuram apart from its Asian rock‐cut temple equivalents. It will consider what type of Buddhist building Sokkuram is, some Asian prototypes, the method of construction, its architectural elements and decoration, and a comparison with the Yungang and Longmen sites in China. The second discussion deals with the political significance of Sokkuram, taking the building as part of a national programme of State Buddhism comparable with other east Asian countries at that time, and it considers the temple's siting, orientation and use of iconography to underline a political, as well as a religious, message.
Hydrothermal synthesis of Li4Ti5O12-TiO2 composites and Li4Ti5O12 and their applications in lithium-ion batteries

Through a facile hydrothermal way, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 -rutile-anatase TiO 2 ternary phase composites have been successfully prepared by different Li:Ti molar ratios of 4:5 and 3.5:5 with different heat treatment temperatures of 450 and 600 °C. XRD, SEM and TEM were performed for physical characterizations and the results prove the existence of three components in the composites with similar morphology of nanosheets and nanoparticles. The electrochemical measurements of charge and discharge through a galvanostatic method, CV and EIS were also applied to evaluate their electrochemical performances. The discharge capacities of the first cycle of the synthesized composites can reach to ~ 174 mAh g −1 and approach the theoretical capacity of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , which could be attributed to the TiO 2 phase introduced into the composites. The results of cyclic and rate measurements suggest that both capacities and rate performances have been enhanced by the presence of the TiO 2 phase.
Self-knowledge, Normativity, and Construction

This article develops the idea that the ‘compossibility of objectivity, discovery, and invention’ is part of our ordinary (non-theoretical, non-scientific) understanding of the mental. Contemporary theories in the philosophy of mind, which are broadly speaking “realist” fail to make sense of this compossibility: they fail, in particular, to make sense of the inventive aspects of self-ascription. The invited article is in a small collection published by the Royal Institute of Philosophy as a supplement to the journal Philosophy. This particular volume is remarkable as it includes articles from a number of eminent philosophers, including R.M. Sainsbury, David Wiggins, Gregory McCulloch, Crispin Wright, Christopher Peacocke, Timothy Williams, and Charles Travis.
Making Sense of Alzheimer’s Disease in an Intergenerational Context: The case of a Japanese Canadian nisei (Secondgeneration)-headed family

An appraisal of cultural values and life history events is necessary to fully understand the ways in which family members interpret the significance of cognitive symptoms and make decisions about accessing clinical services for a relative in the early to moderate stages of dementia. This article presents a case study of a nisei (secondgeneration)-headed Japanese Canadian family in which the father was referred for clinical evaluation at a dementia clinic and diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. This case study identifies the traditional issei (first-generation) Japanese Canadian values of filial obligation and shame and awareness of the father’s life history as salient mediators in family members’ interpretations of dementia symptoms. Furthermore, a discussion of the role of the clinical evaluation in arbitrating between divergent interpretations of the nature of the father’s disruptive behavior among family members is included.
Image Provenance Analysis at Scale

Prior art has shown it is possible to estimate, through image processing and computer vision techniques, the types and parameters of transformations that have been applied to the content of individual images to obtain new images. Given a large corpus of images and a query image, an interesting further step is to retrieve the set of original images whose content is present in the query image, as well as the detailed sequences of transformations that yield the query image, given the original images. This is a problem that recently has received the name of image provenance analysis. In these times of public media manipulation (e.g., fake news and meme sharing), obtaining the history of image transformations is relevant for fact checking and authorship verification, among many other applications. This paper presents an end-to-end processing pipeline for image provenance analysis which works at real-world scale. It employs a cutting-edge image filtering solution that is custom-tailored for the problem at hand, as well as novel techniques for obtaining the provenance graph that expresses how the images, as nodes, are ancestrally connected. A comprehensive set of experiments for each stage of the pipeline is provided, comparing the proposed solution with the state-of-the-art results, employing previously published data sets. In addition, this paper introduces a new data set of real-world provenance cases from the social media site Reddit, along with baseline results.
Proof-nets: the parallel syntax for proof theory

The paper is mainly concerned with the extension of proof-nets to additives, for which the best known solution is presented. It proposes two cut-elimination procedures, the lazy one being in linear time. The solution is shown to be compatible with quantifiers, and the structural rules of exponentials are also accommodated. Traditional proof-theory deals with cut-elimination ; these results are usually obtained by means of sequent calculi, with the consequence that 75% of a cutelimination proof is devoted to endless commutations of rules. It is hard to be happy with this, mainly because : I the structure of the proof is blurred by all these cases ; I whole forests have been destroyed in order to print the same routine lemmas ; I this is not extremely elegant. However old-fashioned proof-theory, which is concerned with the ritual question : “is-that-theory-consistent ?” never really cared. The situation changed when subtle algorithmic aspects of cut-elimination became prominent : typically the determinism of cut-elimination, its actual complexity, its implementation cannot be handled in terms of sequent calculus without paying a heavy price. Natural deduction could easily fix the main drawbacks of cutelimination, but this improvement was limited to the negative fragment of intuitionistic logic. The situation changed in 1986 with the invention of linear logic : proof-nets were introduced in [G86] as a new kind of syntax for linear logic, in order to
Motivational counselling for physical activity in patients with coronary artery disease not participating in cardiac rehabilitation.

Many patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) fail to attend cardiac rehabilitation following acute coronary events because they lack motivation to exercise. Theory-based approaches to promote physical activity among non-participants in cardiac rehabilitation are required.



A randomized trial comparing physical activity levels at baseline, 6, and 12 months between a motivational counselling (MC) intervention group and a usual care (UC) control group.



One hundred and forty-one participants hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes not planning to attend cardiac rehabilitation were recruited at a single centre and randomized to either MC (n = 69) or UC (n = 72). The MC intervention, designed from an ecological perspective, included one face-to-face contact and eight telephone contacts with a trained physiotherapist over a 52-week period. The UC group received written information about starting a walking programme and brief physical activity advice from their attending cardiologist. Physical activity was measured by: 7-day physical activity recall interview; self-report questionnaire; and pedometer at baseline, 6, and 12 months after randomization.



Latent growth curve analyses, which combined all three outcome measures into a single latent construct, showed that physical activity increased more over time in the MC versus the UC group (µ(add) = 0.69, p < 0.05).



Patients with CAD not participating in cardiac rehabilitation receiving a theory-based motivational counselling intervention were more physically active at follow-up than those receiving usual care. This intervention may extend the reach of cardiac rehabilitation by increasing physical activity in those disinclined to participate in structured programmes.
Discussion of Developing Housing Finance Systems

It is a pleasure to be able to discuss such an interesting and important paper. We know from recent experience in the United States and other countries that housing markets can be the epicentre for systemic failures in national financial and banking sectors. However, we also know relatively little about the nature of different countries’ mortgage markets. That these recent collapses occurred with little warning highlights the paucity of our knowledge in this area. This paper aims to help bridge this gap in data and understanding. The importance of this work derives from its relevance both to practising regulators and ivory-tower academics.
PetroGraph: A new software to visualize, model, and present geochemical data in igneous petrology: PETROGRAPH SOFTWARE

A new software, PetroGraph, has been developed to visualize, elaborate, and model geochemical data for igneous petrology purposes. The software is able to plot data on several different diagrams, including a large number of classification and “petrotectonic” plots. PetroGraph gives the opportunity to handle large geochemical data sets in a single program without the need of passing from one software to the other as usually happens in petrologic data handling. Along with these basic functions, PetroGraph contains a wide choice of modeling possibilities, from major element mass balance calculations to the most common partial melting and magma evolution models based on trace element and isotopic data. Results and graphs can be exported as vector graphics in publication-quality form, or they can be copied and pasted within the most common graphics programs for further modifications. All these features make PetroGraph one of the most complete software presently available for igneous petrology research.
Theoretical Discussions and Some Research Tasks and Applied Problems in Economic Geography

AbstractTwo economic geographers, commenting on Anuchin's latest book on the theory of geography, urge a halt to the fruitless debate over a “unified geography” and call for a more practical orientation of geographic research. Dwelling on a wide range of issues, from geography education to the content of geography journals, the authors hold that the man-nature relationship is no longer adequate as a conceptual framework for geography and that economic geography, in particular, must take into account political and social processes that fall within the province of political science and economics. A gap is found to have developed between political science, on the one hand, and economic geography, on the other, and the authors hold that such a gap might be filled by a discipline concerned with the spatial organization of economic processes. A legitimate role is seen here for a regional economics, or choreconomics. In the authors' view, geography would gain not only from a more pronounced economics-oriented ec...
An efficient similarity comparison based on core API calls

Software birthmarks are unique and native characteristics of a binary executable program that can be used for detecting software piracy. API (Application Programming Interface) calls in an MS Windows binary executable can be used as software birthmarks when there are no source codes available to detect software similarity. However, it is inefficient to extract birthmarks from all API calls during the execution of a binary executable. In this paper, we propose an efficient scheme for comparing software similarity. To reduce the number of comparisons used in the proposed scheme, we extract only the core API calls that are explicitly used in different programs. The birthmarks used for comparing the similarity between two programs can be obtained by extracting these core API calls. Our experimental results show that this proposed birthmark scheme using core API calls is efficient for evaluating software similarity.