nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Technical museum as a contribute to Civil Engineering education

A Museum, when inserted in a Technical University, is a privileged place for the preservation of the historical memory concerning the construction techniques evolution along ages. The construction industry has been evolved in teaching methods, in the use of specific equipment and applied technologies, and in the way of presenting and making drawing. The Museum presents a reminder of how the technology advanced to the current methodologies of work.  contains a significant collection of elements offered by teachers and entities which is in exhibition, in a proper room, inserted within the University space. Elements such as: a model of the Pombaline cage, illustrating the constructive technique anti-seismic applied after the earthquake of 1755 or the wooden models of roof frames are examples that are preserved and kept in adequate conditions, contributing to the dissemination of the technical heritage and to the memory and history of the Construction. In the context of the congress some elements used to support teaching and related with traditional building technologies are described in detail.
THE MS. STEREOTYPE REVISITED: IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT FACETS

Implicit and explicit stereotypes toward the title Ms. were examined. Participants read a short description of a target person whose title of address varied (Ms., Mrs., Miss, Mr.). They then rated the person on agentic and communal traits and completed an Implicit Association Test. Replicating earlier research (Dion, 1987), at an explicit level, women using the title Ms. were seen as less communal than individuals using the title Mrs. or Mr. and more agentic than individuals using the titles Mrs., Mr., or Miss. This time, however, women using the title Miss were also seen as less communal and more agentic than women using the title Mrs. but not as agentic as women using the title Ms. On the implicit measure, Ms. was relatively more associated with agentic than communal traits compared to Mrs. but not to Miss.
이슬람 윤리관 -신의 유일성을 중심으로-

If Islamic ethical thought reveals the relationship between God and man, we must observe what kind of being is God and what kind of being is man. Therefore, in order to continue the research, I divide ethics into `Godism`, `theory of human` and `the revelation and reasoning that deals with the relationship of both`. As a first attempt in a previous essay, I observed the `theory of human` viewed from Islamic ethics, in this essay, which follows the previous, I am going to discuss the Godism viewed from the Islamic ethics. But because Godism has a vast content, I am going to divide this research into two volumes. In this essay I am going to discuss Islamic ethics centered on the uniqueness of God(the fact that God is one), and the next essay is going to deal with ethics, but this time centered on the justice of God and the will of God. Just like I discussed the `theory of human`, in the same way I am going to research through comparing the controversial points and differences of traditional theology and rationalistic ethical thought.
Hybrid publishing design methods for technical books

We know that the printed book is a social, cultural and economic construction, but also an artifact (either printed or digital) that requires a deep knowledge in its production where design is key to the performance of the object.
 The starting point of this paper is the definition of technical books and its publishing field. Looking into their formal structures, we try to make an analysis of how technical books function today and how they are designed. We sought to characterize the program and the design methodology of a technical book in hybrid context and the possible models in terms of production, distribution and reading.
On quasi-symmetric designs

In this paper we show that Lander's coding-theoretic proof of (parts of) the Bruck-Ryser-Chowla Theorem can be suitably modified to obtain analogous number theoretic restrictions on the parameters of quasi-symmetric designs. These results may be thought of as extensions to odd primes of the recent binary nonexistence results due to Calderbank et al. The results in this paper kill infinitely many feasible parameters for quasi-symmetric designs.
Process oriented thinking as a key for integration of ecohydrology, biotechnology and engineering for sustainable water resources management and ecosystems

The recent high rate of environmental degradation due to unsustainable use of water and other natural resources and mismanagement, is, in many cases, the result of a dominant sectoral approach, limited communication between different users and agencies, and lack of knowledge transfer between different disciplines, and especially lack of dialogue between environmental scientists and engineers. There is no doubt that the genuine improvement of human well-being has to be based on understanding the complexity of interactions between abiotic, biotic and socio-economic systems. The major drivers of biogeosphere evolution and function have been the cycles of water and nutrients in a complex array of differing climates and catchment geomorphologies. In the face of global climate change and unequally distributed human populations, the recent sectoral mechanistic approach in natural resources management has to be replaced by an evolutionary systems approach based on well-integrated problem-solving and policy-oriented environmental science. Thus the principles of ecohydrology should be the basis for further integration of ecology, hydrology, engineering, biotechnology and other environmental sciences. Examples from UNESCO IHP VII show how the integration of these will not only increase the efficiency of measures to harmonize ecosystem potentials with societal needs, but also significantly reduce the costs of sustainable environmental management.
Point Defects in Oxides: Tailoring Materials Through Defect Engineering

Optimization of electrical, optical, mechanical, and other properties of many advanced, functional materials today relies on precise control of point defects. This article illustrates the progress that has been made in elucidating the often complex equilibria exhibited by many materials by examining two recently well-characterized model systems, TlBr for radiation detection and PrxCe1−xO2−δ, of potential interest in solid-oxide fuel cells. The interplay between material composition, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties (electrochemomechanics) is discussed, and implications in these relations, for example, enhancing electrical properties through large mechanical strains, are described. The impact of space charge and strain fields at interfaces, particularly important in nanostructure materials, is also emphasized. Key experimental techniques useful in characterizing bulk and surface defects are summarized and reviewed.
Design and Implementation of the Knowledge Parts Library of Aeronautical Standard Parts Based on CATIA

With the object to reuse the design data and method of the aviation standard parts, the method to develop the knowledge parts library of aeronautical standard parts which can be expanded dynamically and seamless integrated with CATIA is researched with the MBD and parametric technology. Based on the research results of this paper, the automatic modeling of the corresponding aviation standard parts can be created according to the design goals or using requirements, so it can shorten the entire aviation standard parts’ development cycle and improve the design efficiency of the products.
Museus, liberalismo e indústria cultural

This article analyzes cultural practices developed by museums in different periods in order to understand the different dimensions of the institutions and the contradictions inherent in them. Initially, it highlights the social role of museums in reinforcing the national-popular imaginary in the ’1930s, in the postwar period and during the military dictatorship. Then is discusses the intertwinement between museums and the laws of the market, as well as their economic potential as they fulfill functions of social inclusion and strengthening of particular identities. The main question is about the possibility of coexistence between the museum’s different dimensions and aesthetic values.  museums, cultural policy, market, identity, nation.
The importance of trust-building in transition : A look at social capital and democratic action in eastern Europe

AbstractThis paper uses data from the 1995 and 2000 World Values Survey to examine and compare the relationship between social capital, education and political participation in Western and Eastern Europe. The concept of social capital is measured using indicators of trust and membership in voluntary organizations, while the concept of political participation is put into operation through indicators of political action. The research uncovers clear indicators showing that social capital is a factor in political participation in Eastern Europe and that the existence of general social trust is a characteristic of the most successful transitions. The paper finds evidence to support the theory that a trust-building mechanism based on reciprocity and a “critical mass” is indeed at work in the democratization process and that social capital is an integral part of transition for the Eastern European states.
The Perceptions of Experienced Community Learning Disability Nurses of their Roles and Ways of Working An Exploratory Study

In Wales, 20 experienced Community Learning Disability Nurses (CLDNs) each with over 5 years of working in community settings were interviewed in order to ascertain how they perceived their roles and ways of working. They described a diverse range of activities that included addressing the health, social, psychological and educational needs of people with learning disabilities. Whereas job satisfaction appeared high, a need to better communicate their role to others was identified, along with the need for a more targeted approach to their practice. They reported an aim to establish a stronger health identity with closer links to the Primary Health Care Team. Whereas it was felt that the CLDN role was valuable, some of those interviewed were unsure as to its long-term survival. It was also noted that there was an inconsistency across localities as to how the skills of CLDNs were being used, for example, in relation to the provision of residential services and services for children.
Sex, Science, and Space in James Tissot's London Conservatory

��� magine that it is 1874. You are French critic Edmond de Goncourt, and you hear wild rumors about a fellow countryman’s success in London. Your old friend, the painter and illustrator James Tissot, has built a home in fashionable St. John’s Wood, the centerpiece of which is an elaborately decorated studio with an attached conservatory. Even as you must admit to being impressed at the painter’s set-up, you also find it a little difficult to keep your eyes from rolling at his display of opulence. You record the gossip in your journal that night, calling Tissot an “ingenious exploiter of English foolishness” and describing sarcastically the “studio with a waiting room where, at all times there is iced champagne at the disposal of visitors, and around the studio, a garden, where all day long one can see a footman in silk stockings brushing and shining the shrubbery leaves” (qtd. in Wentworth 122). Can your dismissal of Tissot’s new digs be chalked up to jealousy? Or does your disapproval of the free-flowing liquor, the dandified footmen, and the gleaming plant life point to something more? This paper falls firmly on the side of “something more,” using Tissot’s paintings of the Victorian conservatory to show that this space was a complex site wherein contemporary ideas and anxieties about
Energy of the Taub Cosmological Solution

We calculate the total energy of Taub’s 1951 exact solution for a Bianchi type-IX geometry using several different energy-localization procedures, including the prescriptions of Einstein, Papapetrou, Landau–Lifshitz and Möller. We compare these results to those for other anisotropic geometries, and comment on their relationship to Rosen’s conjecture about the total energy of the universe.
Low back pain in diabetes mellitus and importance of preventive approach.

Musculoskeletal pain is known to be a common problem in diabetic patients. In spite of this fact, there is little information about epidemiology aspect of Low Back Pain (LBP) and necessity of taking preventive approach in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of LBP in diabetic patients and its comparison with non-diabetic subjects.



Low back pain frequency was examined among 317 diabetic patients referred to endocrine clinic, Sina Hospital, Tabriz city, Iran during 3 months interval. The control group included 100 participants who were parents of students of Tabriz University. All participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire including Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and Face Pain Scale (FPS).



Of the 317 diabetic patients, 63.4% (201) reported LBP while in non-diabetic group was 47% (47).The average functional disability in diabetic group was 9 while in control group was 7. Inter-correlation between low back pain intensity scale and functional disability were significant (r=0.52, P<0.01).



Low back pain is a common problem in diabetic patients in terms of intensity, frequency and functional level of disability.
Richard Rorty and the problem of cruelty

Truth, the pragmatist claims, is something we make, not something which corresponds to reality. If this view of truth is accepted, Rorty notes, two problems arise: the pragmatist will have little to say to those who abuse others, because he or she will not be able to point to some universal standards that the abusers are vio lating ; and the torturers may be able to quote pragmatic principles in their own defence. Rorty argues that the pragmatist can reduce cruelty by splitting himself or herself into public and private parts. I examine this problem and Rorty's solution. I argue that his solution fails for two reasons: first, keeping our public and private selves apart is unlikely to reduce cruelty; and, second, he cannot maintain the public/private split. Consequently, Rorty is unable to deal with the anti-pragmatic criticism that his theory of truth could lead to an increase in cruelty.
Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum in special relativistic hydrodynamics.

In this paper we calculate the Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum for a relativistic simple fluid according to three different versions available for a relativistic approach to nonequilibrium thermodynamics. An outcome of these calculations is that Eckart's version predicts that such spectrum does not exist. This provides an argument to question its validity. The remaining two results, which differ one from another, do provide a finite form for such spectrum. This raises the rather intriguing question as to which of the two theories is a better candidate to be taken as a possible version of relativistic nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The answer will clearly require deeper examination of this problem.
A comparative analysis of China and Indiaâ€™s manufacturing sectors

Chinaâ€™s manufacturing sector led by labour intensive manufactures has grown much faster than that of India both in terms of production and exports. It is often argued that Indiaâ€™s manufacturing sector that is relatively capital intensive must now follow Chinaâ€™s example and promote labour intensive manufactures. This is said to be essential if India were to promote growth and employment that are both essential for reducing the relatively high levels of poverty in the country. This paper argues that it may not be feasible for India to follow Chinaâ€™s growth strategy based on exports of labour intensive manufactures. India may have missed the boat and in any case it has failed to implement a strategy for agriculture of the sort that China put in place to provide its manufacturing sector with low wages and low cost raw materials. India, however, should utilise its services sector, mostly the IT services, to promote its nascent non- farm manufacturing sector in the rural areas. There may be lessons here from Chinaâ€™s town and village enterprises TVEs) programme.
Security, profit or shadow of the past? Explaining the security strategies of microstates

Which factors determine the security strategies of microstates? Many microstates are either secluded island states or have very close political, economic and cultural ties to a larger neighbouring ‘protector state’. They have had, therefore, little use for more traditional alliance arrangements. However, the patterns of security cooperation between states have shifted as the significance of flexible ad-hoc coalition-building as a means to coordinate international interventions has increased. Consequently, the strategic security challenges and opportunities for microstates have been transformed. Focusing on the Operation Iraqi Freedom coalition, this article explores some of these challenges and opportunities. Three hypotheses regarding the decisions made by the respective microstates to join international ad-hoc coalitions are studied: (1) participation provides increased security, (2) participation provides economic gains, and (3) participation reflects the lessons of past security challenges. The explan...
A local minimum theorem and critical nonlinearities

In this paper the existence of two positive solutions for a Dirichlet problem having a critical growth, and depending on a real parameter, is established. The approach is based on methods which are totally variational, unlike the fundamental result of Ambrosetti, Brezis and Cerami where a clever combination of topological and variational methods is used in order to obtain the same conclusion. In addition, a numerical estimate of real parameters, for which the two solutions are obtained, is provided. Our main tool is a local minimum theorem.
Hybrid processes — a versatile technique to match process requirements and coating needs

The properties of thin hard coatings and consequently their functionality are influenced by microstructural characteristics such as phase composition and grain size distribution. Recent studies indicate that microlaminated hybrid coatings offer an opportunity to establish unique and controllable microstructural characteristics. A variety of interlayers has been used in hybrid coatings for various purposes: (1) to enhance the adherence between coatings and substrates, (2) to prevent crack initiation, (3) to give good shock resistance, (4) to tailor the thermal expansion characteristics, which leads to good interfacial strength, (5) to prevent diffusion of substrate species into coatings or vice versa during annealing, (6) to enhance corrosion protection of coating and substrate, and (7) to enhance sliding wear resistance or lower sliding friction. In order to obtain the above mentioned properties, various surface modification techniques such as (1) electrodeposition, (2) thermal treatment, (3) ion plating, (4) ion implantation, and (5) sputtering can be used to prepare hybrid coatings. This review includes a discussion on surface modification techniques and properties of different hybrid coatings.
Investigations Into The Bulk Single Crystals, Nano Crystal Composites And Thin Films Of Ferroelectric Materials For Pyroelectric Sensor Applications

In this thesis, the results pertaining to various investigations carried out on Triglycine sulphate (TGS) single crystals, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films, lithium tantalate (LT)/PVDF nanocomposites and LT thin films are presented with emphasis on the characteristics that are crucial for their use in pyroelectric sensors. TGS single crystals (size 68 x 45 x 42 mm3), which have high pyroelectric coefficients, were grown by slow cooling method using newly designed platform technique based crystal growth work stations. The problem of slow growth rate along c-direction was overcome by placing (010) oriented seeds on the platform. The grown TGS crystals were used for the fabrication of the laser energy meter and temperature sensor. One drawback of TGS is its low Curie temperature (490C). As a consequence when the operating temperature approaches the Curie temperature, the crystals start depolarizing owing to the movement of domains. As a result the linearity of the devices gets affected and restricts the use of TGS. Therefore pyroelectric materials possessing higher Curie temperatures and larger pyroelectric coefficients than that of TGS are desirable. LT in single crystalline form having Curie temperature of ≈6000C has already been in use for pyroelectric device applications. However, growing stoichiometric LT single crystal is very difficult. On the other hand PVDF polymer films (Tc≈1800C) have low pyrolectric coefficients and difficult to pole electrically. Therefore efforts were made to prepare LT/PVDF nanocrystal composites to increase the pyroelectric coefficient of PVDF and to reduce the poling field. Nanoparticles of LT were prepared using sol-gel route. Spherical nanoparticles of size 20-40nm were prepared from sol by adding oleic acid to it. These nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, TEM, DSC and Raman spectroscopy. PVDF films with large percentage of β-phase (ferroelectric phase) were fabricated from solutions prepared using dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) solvent. PVDF films (30µm thick), embedded with 20-40nm sized nanocrystallites of LT were fabricated to utilize them for pyroelectric sensor applications. The ferroelectric and pyrolectric properties of nano composite films were studied for sensor applications point of view. As a replacement for the single crystals of LT in pyroelectric sensors, investigations were carried out on oriented LT thin films. The studies on LT thin films yielded promising results which could be exploited for pyroelectric sensor applications.