nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The Imprint of the equation of state on the axial w modes of oscillating neutron stars

We discuss the dependence of the pulsation frequencies of the axial quasi-normal modes of a nonrotating neutron star upon the equation of state describing the star interior. The continued fraction method has been used to compute the complex frequencies for a set of equations of state based on different physical assumptions and spanning a wide range of stiffness. The numerical results show that the detection of axial gravitational waves would allow to discriminate between the models underlying the different equation of states, thus providing relevant information on both the structure of neutron star matter and the nature of the hadronic interactions.
Comparative Studies on the Electrochemical Properties of Li2MnSiO4/C and Li2Mn1-x-yFexMySiO4/C

Large scale lithium secondary batteries are required for the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and electric vehicles (EV). However, currently used cathode materials cannot satisfy the energy density requirement for the PHEV or EV applications as well as cost and abuse tolerance requirements. The cathode materials superior to the currently used ones are required. The superior specifications include energy density, cycle life, lower cost, and abuse tolerance. Among the possible candidates for the cathode materials for large scale lithium secondary batteries, polyanion-type silicate is one of the materials that needs to be studied in depth due to its high theoretical capacity above 300 mAh/g and superior abuse tolerance. Li2MnSiO4 is one of the potentially promising candidates since it has high theoretical capacity (333 mAhg) and high operating voltage. However, it shows poor electrochemical performance after 1 charging and poor capacity retention. The practical capacity reported in the literature remains around 200 mAh/g at 60C. Many researches have tried to enhance the electrical conductivity and practical capacity of Li2MnSiO4 by Fe doping but the capacity retention has not been improved satisfactorily yet. Yang et al. demonstrated that the initial capacity as high as 214 mAhg could be achieved for Li2MnxFe1-xSiO4/C at x=0.5. They suggested that the poor electrochemical properties of Li2MnSiO4/C was due to the phase change such as the Jahn-Teller distortion occurring during 1 charging based on their ex-situ XRD and ATR-IR studies. Dominko claimed that the poor electrochemical performance was attributed to the low conductivity (5 x 10 Scm) of Li2MnSiO4. They also suggested the possibility that more than one electron per formula unit of Li2(Fe/Mn)SiO4 can be involved in the electrochemical reaction. In this study, electrochemical performances of Li2MnSiO4/C and Li2Mn1-x-yFexMySiO4/C have been compared. In order to overcome the low electrical conductivity of the lithium orthosilicate, carbon coating was incorporated into Li2Mn1-xFexSiO4 by sucrose precursor and metal ion with 3+, 4+, 5+ valences substituted Mn or Fe sites. The doping is expected to change the local electronic structure of the Li2Mn1xFexSiO4 by means of quasi free electron, electron hole, and cation vacancy. Li2Mn1-x-yFexMySiO4/C (0<x<1, 0<y<1, M=M) were prepared by ball milling Li-Mn-Fe oxide, doping agents, and sucrose precursor mixture followed by calcination at 600~800°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for structural analysis and observation of the lithium orthosilicate particles before and after the carbon coating and metal ion doping. The XRD studies have been done at beamline 8C2 and 10B at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL). The electrochemical performance of the samples was tested using coin cells (2032 type). It is observed that the simultaneous treatment of carbon coating and metal ion doping improved the electrochemical performance of Li2MSiO4. More details will be discussed at the meeting.
The ontological turn: Where are we?

Sahlins makes a forceful case for unification of Descola’s fourfold scheme of ontologies. De Almeida graphically demonstrates differences possible even in unifying models. Descola continues his synthetic anthropology in Durkheimian, Levi-Straussian mode, answering Sahlins with a strong defense of his four-ontologies view. Fischer tests Descola and Latour with Wittgensteinian skepticism of Whitehead, and a sensibility more post-Foucauldian than Levi-Straussian. Fortun probes the politics of scientific inquiry in an age of extreme risks.
ON SINGLE-TIME METHODS IN RELATIVISTIC GRAVITY DYNAMICS

A short outline of revived methods of an action-at-a-distance description of interacting particles is given. A new approach to the problem of motion in relativistic gravity is discussed. The approach makes an essential use of the predictive relativistic mechanics method with some phenomenological assumptions as to the character of relativistic “forces”. The technique of the construction of the approximate solutions for the Currie-Hill equations is proposed. Some recurrent conditions for these solutions are proved to be necessary and sufficient. The generalized Poincaré-invariant equations of motion are derived in post-Newtonian approximations of the phenomenological formulation of the relativistic action-at-a-distance gravity for the closed system of structureless particles. Connections of these equations with those of the Lagrangian description are discussed.
Dielectric Properties of Methyl Stearate-A Model Crystalline Polymer

This paper gives the procedures and initial results from a study of the effect of pressure on dielectric relaxation parameters for crystalline polymers. Knowledge of pressure dependence is important since it makes possible the separation of volume and temperature effects. This separation cannot be done by varying temperature alone. The choice of crystalline polymers for the study was made because the structure of the crystal is better known that that of the liquid or glass states and because considerable dielectric pressure data already exist for amorphous polymers. Finally, a dynamical description of the relaxation process is given and the relaxation behavior is described in terms of bulk thermodynamic properties.
Sulfate-binding protein dislikes protonated oxyacids. A molecular explanation.

We have determined the effect of pH on the binding affinities of the conjugate bases of four different tetrahedral oxyacids to the sulfate-binding protein. The equilibrium dissociation constants of the binding of sulfate (Kd = 0.12 microM) and selenate (Kd = 5 microM) were found to be pH independent over the range pH 5 to pH 8.1, whereas chromate binding exhibited a pH dependence that is approximately attributable to the pK2 of the chromic acid. Phosphate was bound with an affinity five orders of magnitude weaker than that of sulfate. In light of the highly refined 2 A structure of the complex of the sulfate-binding protein with sulfate, and considering the protonation state and net charge of the various oxyacids, we conclude that the pH dependence of chromate binding and the extremely low affinity of phosphate are attributable mainly to a lack of hydrogen bond acceptors in the binding site. These studies demonstrate that the sulfate-binding site is stringently designed to bind tightly tetrahedral, fully ionized, oxyacid dianions. The presence of a donatable proton on the ligand reduces binding energy by approximately 7 kcal/mol.
Balancing productivity and performance on the cell broadband engine

The cell broadband engine (BE) is a heterogeneous multicore processor, combining a general-purpose POWER architecture core with eight independent single-instruction-multiple-data (SIMD) cores. Each core is capable of very high performance; however, users must explicitly manage data movement, scheduling, and synchronization. While these attributes provide some of the cell processorpsilas greatest performance strengths, they also form its greatest weaknesses in terms of developer productivity, code portability, and initial performance efficiencies. In this paper, we evaluate productivity and relative performance improvements of a cell BE system for a diverse set of kernels and applications. Our experimental workload includes algorithms from scientific, cognitive, and imaging problem domains. Our results demonstrate that the cell processor could be several times faster than a SSE-enabled, contemporary dual-core processor, and could sustain a high performance-to-productivity ratio. We outline strategies for transforming applications to exploit the cellpsilas architectural features, and measure productivity by comparing programming effort in terms of lines of code and performance. For instance, our measurements revealed that a covariance matrix creation routine - a common routine in hyperspectral imaging - ran over eight times faster than a 2.66 GHz Intel Woodcrest processor while sustaining a productivity metric of over two by parallelizing across the heterogeneous cores, unrolling loops, and improving instruction level parallelism with SIMD instructions in a high-level language.
From social psychology to political economy: A model of energy use behavior

Multiple and complex factors determine people's energy use behavior. However, policies designed to affect individual energy use behavior focus mostly on a limited number of micro, short-run and easily manipulable variables. These have produced limited response. A theoretical framework is proposed in this paper that attempts to provide a comprehensive and integrative view of energy use behavior. The framework examines variables that create and maintain particular types and intensities of energy use behavior. Based on this framework, implications for energy policies and their potential effectiveness have been drawn.
NFA-Based Pattern Matching for Deep Packet Inspection

Many network security applications in today's networks a0re based on deep packet inspection, checking not only the header portion but also the payload portion of a packet. For example, traffic monitoring, layer-7 filtering, and network intrusion detection all require an accurate analysis of packet content in search for predefined patterns to identify specific classes of applications, viruses, attack signatures, etc. Pattern matching is a major task in deep packet inspection. The two most common implementations of Pattern matching are based on Non-deterministic Finite Automata (NFAs) and Deterministic Finite Automata (DFAs), which take the payload of a packet as an input string. In this paper, we propose an efficient NFA-based pattern matching in Binary Content Addressable Memory(BCAM), which uses data search words consisting of 1s and 0s. Our approach can process multiple characters at a time using limited BCAM entries, which makes our approach scalable well. We evaluate our algorithm using patterns provided by Snort, a popular open-source intrusion detection system. The simulation results show that our approach outperforms existing CAM-based and software-based approaches.
Bloch, Marc Léopold Benjamin (1886–1944)

The French historian Marc Bloch (1886–1944) is one of the authors most frequently cited by those working in contemporary historical disciplines around the world. This immense influence is founded on both scholarly and biographical grounds. As one of the founders, together with Lucien Febvre, of the journal ‘ Annales d'histoire economique et sociale ’ in 1929, and as a pioneer in the field of the history of society and mentality, a historical theoretician, and a critical intellectual who was executed by the Gestapo in 1944, Bloch has become an inspiration and model for generations of researchers working in a diverse range of scientific fields and from a variety of different political perspectives.
Ending is for Life

It is easy enough to talk about a therapy having ended. After all, it had a beginning, so why should it not come to an end? The author suggests this is true only in the concrete sense. No matter whether the therapeutic outcome is felt to have been successful or a failure, it can be argued that once psychotherapy has been set in motion, the process is genuinely `without end'. An exception of a kind is to be found where the relationship is transformed from therapy to friendship; but is not true friendship also an opportunity for continuing personal development? Freudian, Jungian and Group-analytic approaches are compared. The whole question of beginnings and endings is concluded with reference to the recurring nature of the individual lifecycle, which in this author's view is indispensable to a meaningful account of the evolutionary universe.
Metals or management? Explaining Africa's recent economic growth performance

Explanations for Africa’s poor long-run growth performance have varied over time. The theories examined include geography (Jeffrey D. Sachs and Andrew Warner 1997); institutions (William Easterly and Ross Levine 1997; Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, and James Robinson 2001, 2002; Nathan Nunn 2007, 2008); health (David Bloom and Sachs 1998; Gregory N. Price 2003); and economic dependency (William Darity 1982). More recently, economists have attempted to explain what The Economist has called Africa’s new “period of unparalleled economic success” (The Economist 2008a, 33). Average annual real GDP growth was 1.8 percent between 1980 and 1989 and increased to 4.4 percent between 2000 and 2005. Per head, real growth in Africa fell by 1.1 percent between 1980 and 1989 and increased 2.1 percent between 2000 and 2005 (World Bank 2007a). This recent reversal of fortune may stem from the broad economic reforms that many African countries instituted during the 1990s, especially macroeconomic stabilization and financial-market liberalization. But it may also be due to the recent boom in international prices of oil, copper, and other primary commodities that constitute a significant fraction of Africa’s exports (International Monetary Fund (IMF) 2006). Metals or Management? Explaining Africa’s Recent Economic Growth Performance
Demographics and the trade balance.

A simulation model is used to examine the relationship between changes in the age compostition of the U.S. population and movements in the trade balance. The author finds that "recent and projected shifts in the age compostition of the U.S. population are capable of producing large swings in the trade balance. He concludes that much of the current trade deficit reflects mutually beneficial international exchange. To that extent, the deficit should not be interpreted as a sign that U.S. living standards will decline."
Lattice Operators and Topologies

Working within a complete (not necessarily atomic) Boolean algebra, we use a sublattice to define a topology on that algebra. Our operators generalize complement on a lattice which in turn abstracts the set theoretic operator. Less restricted than those of Banaschewski and Samuel, the operators exhibit some surprising behaviors. We consider properties of such lattices and their interrelations. Many of these properties are abstractions and generalizations of topological spaces. The approach is similar to that of Bachman and Cohen. It is in the spirit of Alexandroff, Frolik, and Nobeling, although the setting is more general. Proceeding in this manner, we can handle diverse topological theorems systematically before specializing to get as corollaries as the 
topological results of Alexandroff, Alo and Shapiro, Dykes, Frolik, and Ramsay.
Book Review -- Why Capitalism?

The financial crisis caused many to reconsider the desirability and feasibility of capitalism. In Why Capitalism?, renowned economist Allan Meltzer addresses what he feels are key issues that critics of capitalism routinely fail to adequately recognize. These include the power of incentives and capitalism’s adaptability to varying morals, ideals, and cultures. Meltzer argues that while capitalism is not perfect, it is the best option for providing growth and personal freedom. Gerardo Serra finds while the conciseness and the clarity of the book certainly make it an appealing reading, the author has surprisingly little to recommend when it comes to policies.
Integral quantum fluctuation theorems under measurement and feedback control.

We derive integral quantum fluctuation theorems and quantum Jarzynski equalities for a feedback-controlled system and a memory which registers outcomes of the measurement. The obtained equalities involve the information content, which reflects the information exchange between the system and the memory, and take into account the back action of a general measurement contrary to the classical case. The generalized second law of thermodynamics under measurement and feedback control is reproduced from these equalities.
Financial Liberalization, Growth, Productivity and Capital Accumulation: The Case of European Integration

In the present contribution, we concentrate on the process of financial liberalization in a specific context of European economic and monetary integration. We implement de facto and de jure measures of financial liberalization and find that formal aspects of financial openness generate a strongly positive impact on economic growth and its sources, productivity growth and capital accumulation. Moreover, there is evidence of a positive contribution to the process stemming from the EU membership, while no substantial effect comes from the euro adoption. Finally, we investigate the effects from financial integration on country groups within the EU.
Selected symptoms associated with sexual and physical abuse history among female patients with gastrointestinal disorders: the impact on subsequent health care visits.

Despite a growing literature pointing to the deleterious health effects of sexual and physical abuse history, few studies provide evidence about which medical symptoms are most affected. The aim of this paper is to determine the impact of sexual and physical abuse history on a selected set of medical symptoms, and to test how such abuse, medical symptoms and functional disability may affect subsequent health care visits.



We studied 239 women from a referral-based gastroenterology clinic; follow-up data were available on 196 of these women. All women were interviewed about sexual and physical abuse history.



Women with abuse history, particularly those with severe abuse, were much more likely to report somatic symptoms related to panic (e.g. palpitations, numbness, shortness of breath), depression (e.g. difficulty sleeping, loss of appetite), musculoskeletal disorders (e.g. headaches, muscle aches), genito-urinary disorders (e.g. vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, painful intercourse), skin disturbance (e.g. rash) and respiratory illness (e.g. stuffy nose). Furthermore, we found that the severity of abuse history, somatic symptoms and functional disability predicted 30% of the variance in health care visits during the subsequent year, and that the effect of abuse severity on visits was explained by abused women having more somatic symptoms and functional disability.



Patients' reports of abuse history, somatic symptoms and functional disability appear to be important factors in explaining the number of health care visits among a clinic sample of women with gastrointestinal disorders.
Bulk and surface modification of elastomers by electron beam irradation: Structure‐property relationship

Bulk and surface modification of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and fluoroelastomer by electron beam irradiation was investigated. The structure of the modified elastomers was analysed with the help of Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) and gel content. Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of bulk modified fluoroelastomers and surface energy and frictional coefficient of the surface modified EPDMs were measured. The properties were correlated with the structure developed.
The Santa Fe Perspective on Economics: emerging patterns in the science of complexity

The complexity approach to economics largely originated from the «Santa Fe Perspective»: the view of a group of scientists working in the Economics Program (1988- 2004) at the Santa Fe Institute for the Study of Complex Systems (hereafter sfi).1 This paper tells the story of the Santa Fe Perspective, traces its relation with other ideas that emerged at sfi in this seminal period, and concludes with some reflections on the current state of complexity theory in economics. I divide the life of the Economics Program in three periods roughly corresponding to the three Workshops (1987, 1996, 2001) dedicated to The Economy as an Evolving Complex System. Each of them reflects a stage in the development of the Santa Fe Perspective, characterized by a particular constellation of attitudes, ideas and objectives: the weakly heterodox, the strongly heterodox and the synthesis periods. These labels reflect the prevailing orientation towards neoclassical economics which seems to be on the one hand, a core concern for the directors of the Economics Program, and, on the other hand, a central issue for the relevance of complexity to economic theory.
Post-colonial consciousness, knowledge production, and identity inscription within Filipino American hip hop music

Over the past decade a distinctly Filipino American rap music movement has emerged on the West Coast of the United States. At its core, the political thrust of this music is founded on a critique of US Empire that considers its historical and contemporary implications for people of colour and the working class. Through examining (1) the social location of Filipino youth within contemporary American urban landscapes, (2) the extent to which their marginalized position has involved dimensions of historical racialization, (3) the ability of young Filipino Americans to gain a foothold in hip hop’s other expressive forms, and (4) the current rise of Filipino Studies as an academic field, this essay explores how an emergent post-colonial consciousness contributes to Filipino American claims to hip hop authenticity and serves a vehicle through which to utilize rap as a medium for extending a grassroots knowledge-building tradition.
U.S. west coast revisited: An aeromagnetic perspective

A new compilation of magnetic data for the western conterminous United States and offshore areas provides significant information about crustal units and structures in the region. Features shown on the compilation include a magnetic quiet zone along the coast and two lineaments inland. The magnetic quiet zone correlates with the accretionary prism at the western edge of the North American plate and overlies subducted ocean crust; abrupt termination of ocean-floor magnetic anomalies at, or a short distance east of, the toe of the accretionary prism is an inferred effect of subduction-induced low-temperature metamorphism of the ocean crust.

The Puget Lowlands-San Joaquin lineament is an alignment of high-intensity magnetic anomalies that in the south, and possibly also in the north, are caused by bodies of mafic-ultramafic rocks accreted to North America during the Mesozoic and Tertiary. The lineup of the highs and the inferred lineup of the causative bodies may reflect fundamental structures that control Mesozoic and Tertiary evolution of the continental margin. The Mojave Desert lineament, a distinctive chain of short-wavelength magnetic anomalies in southern California, coincides partly with a zone of Mesozoic intrusions and the Cenozoic San Andreas fault system, but is likely to be older than both in origin and may reflect a Mesozoic or older crustal discontinuity.