nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
CyprIoT: framework for modelling and controlling network-based IoT applications

Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) is a paradigm that favors using models to address software engineering problems. Very few attempts have been made to apply this paradigm to the Internet of Things (IoT). Most of the existing MDE approaches focus on abstracting the heterogeneity of IoT things while neglecting network communication heterogeneity. In fact, few attempts target network-based IoT applications. In this paper, we propose a framework, called CyprIoT, to model and control network-based IoT applications using MDE techniques. Our approach relies on 1) Networking Language, to model a network of IoT things 2) Rule-Based Policy Language, to control and supervise the behavior of the modeled network 3) Code Generator, to interpret the model and generate deployable network artifacts and 4) Plug-in System, to customize, enhance or implement expert knowledge into the generated artifacts.
The Appreciation and Study of Qur’an Manuscripts from Southeast Asia: Past, Present, and Future

The focus of this paper is not on theological aspects of the Qur’an, or on the study of the Qur’anic sciences in Southeast Asia over the past centuries, but rather to attempt to trace the path of the appreciation of old copies of the Qur’an in Southeast Asia as part of the historical record of the Islamic heritage of the region.  In this light, Qur’an manuscripts are viewed as objects of material culture which can cast light on the societies which produced them, and as works of art which testify to the heights of artistic creativity in the region, for illuminated Qur’an manuscripts represent the pinnacle of achievements in the arts of the book in Southeast Asia. This historical record can be measured through a survey of how, where, when and by whom Qur’an manuscripts in Southeast Asia were collected, documented, studied and published, both in Southeast Asia itself and in the west.
Tannin-based carbon foams in microwave frequency range: Toward fully carbon photonic crystal

The electromagnetic (EM) properties of tannin-based rigid carbon foams were investigated in the 26-37 GHz microwave frequency range (Ka-band). It was experimentally proved that 2 mm thick carbon foams of 36-61 mg/cm3 density are almost not transparent to microwave radiation, and this is especially true for the densest foams having the smallest mean cell size. Depending on both cell size and bulk density, the electromagnetic response of carbon foams in the microwave region can be mainly accounted for by either reflection or absorption. In this communication, we demonstrate that the model based on long wave approximation for photonic crystals can be used to describe precisely the obtained experimental EM spectra, and to explain the observed features of the electromagnetic behavior.
Successively Improving Bounds on Performance Measures for Single Class Product Form Queueing Networks

The use of queueing network models to analyze the performance of computer systems is widespread. Typically the analysis requires certain assumptions to be made. Even under such assumptions, the exact analysis of these models for the performance measures could be quite time consuming, especially when various alternate configurations of the system are to be evaluated. In some situations, bounds on the performance may often be adequate. This issue of obtaining reasonable bounds has hence been the subject of some discussion and a number of bounding techniques have been proposed over the past few years. In this paper we present a bounding technique for networks with a single class of customers that appears to be more effective than techniques previously reported.
Graphite Optics—Current Opportunities, Properties and Limits

X-ray graphite optics consists of thin layers of Pyrolytic Graphite (PG) attached to a substrate of focusing shape. Pyrolytic Graphite is a perfect artificial graphite obtained by annealing of carbon deposit at temperatures about 3000 °C under deformation. By varying the annealing conditions, one could get PG of different mosaic structure and mechanical properties. A wide variability of the reflecting layer characteristics and optics shape makes the graphite optics useful in an extended range of applications. The optics could be adjusted to applications that require moderate resolution as EDXRF (energy dispersive X-Ray fluorescence) and as well as for high-resolution applications as EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure), XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) and XES (X-ray emission spectroscopy). To realize the optics with theoretically optimized parameters the relationship between the production procedure and the mosaicity and reflectivity of the optics was experimentally studied. The influence of thickness, the type of PG (Highly Oriented PG (HOPG) or Highly Annealed PG (HAPG)) and substrate characteristics on the optics performance is presented.
Thermophysical properties of SiC multilayer prepared by tape casting and pressureless sintering

In present work, SiC multilayer samples for thermal conductivity test in X (along tape casting direction), Y (perpendicular to tape casting direction and thickness direction) and Z (through thickness direction) directions were successively prepared by tape casting and pressureless sintering. Effect of oxidation treatment on the thermal diffusivity and conductivity was investigated. Elongated SiC grains were observed in three directions, especially in Y direction. The specific heat capacity of SiC multilayer increased with temperature, which could be well fitted. The relative length change of SiC multilayer increased with variation of temperature in X, Y and Z directions, and no significant difference among the thermal expansion behavior in three directions was observed. Regardless of testing directions and oxidation treatment, the thermal diffusivities and conductivities of SiC multilayer in three directions decreased with the increase of temperature. SiC multilayer demonstrated the lowest thermal diffusivity and conductivity in Z direction mainly due to the presence of interface between SiC layers. Because of the formation of silica with low thermal conductivity, the oxidation treatment could slightly decrease the thermal diffusivity and conductivity in all directions.
Strategic management

Person specification The person specification for this module should be read in conjunction with the generic person specification for an associate lecturer at The Open University. As well as meeting all the requirements set out in the generic person specification, you should have: ▪ A postgraduate degree in Business Management including the area of Strategy and/or a relevant professional qualification ▪ Knowledge of, and informed interest in, contemporary issues in strategic management and/or current academic debates in the field of Strategy ▪ Evidence of experience in teaching/developing adults, including an understanding of how adults learn, teaching to learning outcomes, providing feedback and developing study skills appropriate to final year undergraduate level ▪ Demonstrable experience or an understanding of actively engaging participants in synchronous and asynchronous online environments for teaching and learning ▪ Relevant business experience or consulting for a business through application of theoretical skills in the workplace. ▪ An understanding of how to manage, guide and assess collaborative learning and group projects in both face to face and online environments
Significance of Redox Studies on Branched Polysaccharides during Metal Complex Formation

Detailed studies on oxidation and reduction of complex polysaccharides were studied. Low molecular weight glucan like dextran has been oxidized using different quantities of sodium hypochlorite and the number of glucose units oxidized has been analyzed using potentiometric titrations. Different factors such as the quantity of sodium hypochlorite, reaction duration, isolation have been comprehensively studied. The oxidized product has been analyzed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1HNMR), Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), Infra-Red (IR) and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Similarly low molecular weight dextran has been hydrogenated using different quantities sodium borohydride and percentage reduction was calculated using reducing sugar content.
Chapter Eighteen. British marxist history

Given the undoubted importance of Thompson's contribution to radical history, this chapter concentrates on surveying the debates occasioned by his work. In 1935, Comintern General Secretary George Dimitrov noted that across Europe fascists were writing national historical myths through which they hoped to justify their contemporary political project. Against 'economistic' models of historical materialism, Thompson sought to re-emphasise human agency at the heart of his Marxism, and in particular to reaffirm the importance of ideas as the basis for action. This reinterpretation of Marxism allowed him to conceptualise both the rise of Stalinism and the revolt against it in 1956.  British Marxist history; Marxism; Stalinism
Optoelectronic properties of the InSe/Ga2S3 interfaces

In this work, the nature of formation, the structural, optical and optoelectronic properties of the InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interfaces are explored by the Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, optical spectrophotometry and temperature dependent dark and photoconductivity. The InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interfaces that are prepared by the vapor deposition technique are observed to exhibit a physical nature of stacking with correct atomic stoichiometry of the layers. The deposition of the Ga 2 S 3 onto InSe substrate is induced to exhibit a polycrystalline nature. In addition, the optical characterizations have shown that the presence of Ga 2 S 3 onto the top surface of InSe enhances the absorbability significantly and causes valence and conduction band offsets of 0.35 and 1.25 eV, respectively. On the other hand, the temperature dependent photoconductivity analysis in the range of 330–160 K, have shown that the conduction is dominated by the thermionic and variable range hopping transport mechanisms. The photoexcitation process tunes the current transport mechanisms. When the InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interface devices were exposed to laser light irradiations of wavelengths of 406 and 850 nm, promising photocurrent characteristics were observed. Namely, the linear growth of the photocurrent, responsivity, external and internal quantum efficiencies with increasing biasing voltage under these two laser lights nominates the InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interfaces for optoelectronic applications.
UNESCO and world politics : engaging in international relations

That intergovernmental organizations do not operate effectively has long been apparent. Why they fail to do so has puzzled observers, as has the lack of a satisfying explanation of how these institutions actually do work. Using the concept of "engaging," James P. Sewell investigates the development of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The concept of engaging--becoming involved or more involved in a continuing international relationship--permits the author to focus on levels and timing of participation as well as on the participants' motives. Drawing on extensive interviews and on published and unpublished material, his study traces UNESCO's formation and evolution from 1941 to 1972. He considers different forms of engagement, conditions of their effectiveness, and the important role played by political leaders. The concept of engaging provides new insight into several significant questions. How and with what domestic consequences do actors respond to the challenges of an international organization? Why and how do executive managers induce closer engagement in their institutions? Professor Sewell's innovative approach is applicable to the study of all types of intergovernmental organizations. Originally published in 1975. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
MODERATING EFFECTS OF GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE & TURNAROUND STRATEGIES: A RESEARCH ON PRIVATE MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

There were many cases in corporate turnaround that had seen the influence of government assistance in influencing the process of recuperating ailing firms. However to what extent such assistance positively influenced the outcome of turnaround result are still lacking in the literature. The objective of this paper is to investigate the moderating effect of government assistance towards the improvement of business performance of turnaround companies. Analysis of logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of retrenchment and product-market refocusing strategy and the combination e ffect of government assistance as a moderator towards the improvement of business performance of turnaround firms. The sample consists of 135 exporter-manufacturing companies listed in the Exporter Directory of the Province of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The study found partial support in the moderating effects of government assistance and firm size and their influence in the relationship between strategy and successful turnaround. The study also found that Product-Market refocusing is one of the important strategies to be implemented during turnaround.
Components of delay in the pre-hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction.

One hundred sixty patients from a defined population with acute myocardial infarction were questioned about their activities before hospital arrival. Hospital arrival time was divided into prodromal period, patient decision time, lay consultation period, medical decision time and travel time. Forty-eight percent experienced prodromal chest pain before the acute onset of symptoms. The median hospital arrival time for all patients was 2 hours, 45 minutes. Hospital arrival time was significantly prolonged in patients experiencing an increase in the severity of angina pectoris, and in those with a physician decision time of more than 1 hour. Implications for intervention techniques are discussed.
Highly Selective Active Chlorine Generation Electrocatalyzed by Co3O4 Nanoparticles: Mechanistic Investigation through in Situ Electrokinetic and Spectroscopic Analyses.

The reaction mechanism of electrochemical chloride oxidation at neutral pH is different from that at acidic pH, in which a commercial chlor-alkali process has been developed. Different proton concentrations and accelerated hydrolysis of the generated chlorine into hypochlorous acid at high pH can change the electrokinetics and stability of reaction intermediates. We have investigated a unique reaction mechanism of Co3O4 nanoparticles for chloride oxidation at neutral pH. In contrast with water oxidation, the valency of cobalt was not changed during chloride oxidation. Interestingly, a new intermediate of Co-Cl was captured spectroscopically, distinct from the reaction intermediate at acidic pH. In addition, Co3O4 nanoparticles exhibited high selectivity for active chlorine generation at neutral pH, comparable to commercially available RuO2-based catalysts. We believe that this study provides insight into designing efficient electrocatalysts for active chlorine generation at neutral pH, which can be practically applied to electrochemical water treatment coupled to hydrogen production.
The Situation of the Archaeological Findings in the Area of Cenad (Timiş County) in the Context of Debates on the Cultural Role of this Political, Administrative and Religious Centre in the Middle Ages

In the context of increasingly intense debates regarding the cultural role that the Comitat of Cenad, and especially the Fortification of Morisena, had in the propagation of religious ideas, political administration and economical implications of this local power center lying at the border of present day Romania and Hungary, our study intends to be a retrospective of archaeological findings till the present time, trying to clarify ‘the landscape’ of sites discovered by now – their spatial distribution, their importance, their relation with the old Morisena power center – but also to capture the topographical- archaeological features specific to this area. Our research combines field work and documentary work in a landscape archaeology study, in order to clarify the situation of this historical area within the medieval cultural landscape. During this study, we try to dismantle Romanian historiography theories based on erroneous data, and to check the authenticity of those based on archaeological findings.
Substrate structural effects in micellar catalysis with perfluorooctanoic acid

Rates of hydrolysis of a series of hydroxamic acids in aqueous acetonitrile, with perfluorooctanoic acid serving as a reactive counterion surfactant, have been determined. The pseudophase ion exchange model satisfactorily explains the surfactant effects. Variation in the structure of the hydrophobic moiety of the hydroxamic acid substrates was obtained by the incorporation of different chain lengths and differently substituted aryl groups into the substrate. The major influence of the change in substrate structure is on the binding constant for binding of the substrate to the surfactant aggregate. The number of substitutions on the aryl ring appears to be more important than the total number of carbon atoms in the substrate.
A proof technique for parallel programs

In this paper we present a set of axioms and rules of inference for a parallel programming language with shared variables and synchronization statements. The important difference between our approach and that of Owicki and Gries (1976) is that our semantics does not contain anything similar to their ‘interference freedom’ check, resulting in a much greater isolation of the proofs of the individual processes than is possible in their system. We illustrate our proof technique with some simple examples.
Inclusion problems for patterns with a bounded number of variables

We study the inclusion problems for pattern languages that are generated by patterns with a bounded number of variables. This continues the work by Freydenberger and Reidenbach [D.D. Freydenberger, D. Reidenbach, Bad news on decision problems for patterns, Information and Computation 208 (1) (2010) 83-96] by showing that restricting the inclusion problem to significantly more restricted classes of patterns preserves undecidability, at least for comparatively large bounds. For smaller bounds, we prove the existence of classes of patterns with complicated inclusion relations, and an open inclusion problem, that are related to the Collatz Conjecture. In addition to this, we give the first proof of the undecidability of the inclusion problem for NE-pattern languages that, in contrast to previous proofs, does not rely on the inclusion problem for E-pattern languages, and proves the undecidability of the inclusion problem for NE-pattern languages over binary and ternary alphabets.
Saint Marx, Literalism and American Academic Revolutionary Marxism

It would be churlish to be other than pleased when someone as prominent as Richard A. Brosio – the doyen of American revolutionary Marxism – should go to the trouble of reviewing my book and even to call it “worthwhile” along with a number of other praiseworthy epithets. And if the title of my response is a little facile and facetious the message is anything but. The points I wish to make have been accumulating over my short career and now fall out like so many lost coins to be refound, counted and reinvested. A warning then: if I sound a little miffed Richard Brosio should not take it to heart entirely as the criticisms I am about to raise in this response are more of a broadcast directed at those, especially American academics, who appropriate the label “revolutionary Marxists” and apply it themselves self-consciously. The process of canonisation in academia is a vital part of “disciple” and “discipline” probably to be uncovered in the scholastic ruins of the medieval university. And the popular saying “imitation is the sincerest form of flattery” goes some way to explaining the importance of imitation and copying behaviour not only as a form of pedagogy but also as a form of academic self-stylization. There are many different aspects to this process from the unconscious adoption of mannerisms and habits to the more sophisticated modelling of one’s writing and thinking. So we have (unashameably) little Wittgensteinians, little Heideggerians and little Marxians. (I was a little Wittgensteinian when I was growing up.) We need them! This is, in part, social reproduction in the academy. We hear of it with students who are educated by professor so-and-so, or examined by professor such-and-such. Academic genealogies. After all many of us after the PhD never attain the same levels of scholarship again. Increasingly, government and state pressures are such that they direct us and our students to “useful knowledge” defined for us by national research agendas and funding patterns. Yet there is a sense where we should question our relationships to those thinkers we value, to examine the nature
The Role of Computer-Computer Dialogues in Human-Computer Dialogue System Development

In this paper we argue that analysis of computercomputer dialogues is beneficial in the developmeat and testing of computational models of human-computer collaboration. By outlining the stages in the development of a human-computer task-oriented system, we show the role that computer simulations can play in this process. Simulations allow a measure of verification that the underlying model does indeed model the intended behavior. Further, through computer-computer simulation, thousands of dialogues can be gathered making statistical analysis of the computational model feasible.
Best-Laid Schemes: A Psychology of Emotions.

List of figures and tables Acknowledgments Prologue Part I. Theory and Function: 1. The structure of emotions 2. Intuitive and empirical approaches to understanding 3. Rationality and emotions 4. Mutual plans and social emotions Part II. Conflict and Unpredictability: 5. Plans and emotions in fictional narrative 6. Stress and distress 7. Freud's cognitive psychology of intention: the case of Dora Part III.  Putting emotions into words Epilogue Notes References Author index Subject index.
"Laying Low" During Elections: Political Pressure and Monetary Accommodation

I present a model of political pressure on the Central Bank for higher monetary expansion. Since accommodating monetary policy is worth more to the politician in election years than non-election years, the amount of pressure differs over the electoral cycle. This induces an electoral cycle in monetary policy even though the Central Bank is independent and has no electoral motives per se. In equilibrium the monetary authority accommodates the politicians' desired policies in an election year, but is generally free from political influence in non-election years. An electoral cycle in fiscal policy may intensify the political monetary cycle, while an electoral structure that allows the government to call early elections may lessen it.
Thermal metamorphism and assimilation of schists by a dioritic magma, Ligar Bay (S8), North-West Nelson

The crystalline rocks exposed on a peninsula jutting out into Ligar Bay are made up of diorite enclosing a great number of schist xenoliths in varying states of thermal metamorphism, mobilisation, and assimilation. Tourmaline-bearing granitic pegmatites, considered to be associated with the emplacement of the Separation Point Granite, cut these rocks. It is suggested that the schists and the diorite represent a pre-granite metamorphic and igneous terrain.