nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The evolution of mating systems in insects and arachnids

. Evolutionary perspectives on insect mating Richard D. Alexander, David Marshall, and John Cooley 2. Sexual selection by cryptic female choice in insects and arachnids William G. Eberhard 3. Natural and sexual selection components of odonate mating patterns Ola M. Finke, Jonathan Waage, and Walter D. Koenig 4. Sexual selection in resource defense polygyny: lessons from territorial grasshoppers Michael D. Greenfield 5. Reproductive strategies of the crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) Marlene Zuk and Leigh W. Simmons 6. The evolution of edible 'sperm sacs' and other forms of courtship feeding in crickets, katydids and their kin (Orthoptera: Ensifera) Darryl T. Gwynne 7. Sexual conflicts and the evolution of mating patterns in the Zoraptera Jae C. Choe 8. The evolution of water strider mating systems: causes and consequences of sexual conflicts Goran Arnqvist 9. Multiple mating, sperm competition, and cryptic female choice in the leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Janis L. Dickinson 10. Firefly mating ecology, selection and evolution James E. Lloyd 11. Modern mating systems in archaic Holometabola: sexuality in neuropteroid insects Charles S. Henry 12. Mating systems of parasitoid wasps H. C. J. Godfray and J. M. Cook 13. Fig wasp mating systems: pollinators and parasites, sex ratio adjustment and male polymorphism, population structure and its consequences E. A. Herre, S. A. West, J. M. Cook, S. G. Compton and F. Kjellberg 14. Predictions from sexual selection on the evolution of mating systems in moths P. Larry Phelan 15. Sexual dimorphism, mating systems and ecology in butterflies Ronald L. Rutowski 16. Lek behaviour of insects Todd Shelly and Timothy S. Whittier 17. Mate choice and species isolation in swarming insects John Sivinski and Erik Petersson 18. Function and evolution of antlers and eye stalks in flies Gerald S. Wilkinson and Gary N. Dodson 19. Sex via the substrate: mating systems and sexual selection in pseudoscorpions David W. Zeh and Jeanne A. Zeh 20. Jumping spider mating strategies: sex with cannibals in and out of webs Robert R. Jackson and S. D. Pollard 21. Sexual conflict and the evolution of mating systems William D. Brown, Bernard J. Crespi and Jae C. Choe.
[Multiple medication use in diabetic patients aged].

Multiple medication use is especially common in those with diabetes aged due to multiple illnesses, certain chronic diseases and disabling of the growing demand for care, treatment advances, but also some over-prescription.



To assess the achievement of treatment goals in a population of older diabetics, to analyze drug consumption and to derive a practical driving prevention.



This descriptive retrospective study was interested in 600 cases of diabetic patients older than 60 years, recruited from the diabetes followed at the National Institute of Nutrition and Health Unit in Tunis Sidi Hassine involving three local clinics to during the years 2009-2010.



The average age of the study population was 70 ± 0.5 years with extremes from 65 to 92 years. In our study, 91% of patients between 2 and 5 chronic diseases and the majority of subjects suffering from disabilities. The number of drugs prescribed in our subjects (all dosage forms combined) varies between 1 and 4,with a peak of interest to patients treated with 2-4 drugs, encountered in 91% of cases.The similarity of shapes and colors of certain drugs often confusing.



Multiple medication use is common in older diabetic subjects. Hence the need for good coordination between prescribers to prevent abuse and ensure the correct therapeutic education of patients and their families.
Approximation in Mathematical Domains

Explanation-based learning is accomplished through the generalization of an explanation produced by analysis of a single example. A theory of the domain is utilized in generating the explanation. However, problems arise when the domain theory is intractable. Simplifications must be made in order to make the problem tractable. Well-founded simplifications based on our real world knowledge are termed approximations. This paper discusses how approximations can be used to deal with the intractable domain problem in mathematical domains. The approximation method strongly supports the use of a mix of quantitative and qualitative reasoning over either a purely quantitative or qualitative approach. The approximation technique is demonstrated on one of the examples which has been implemented in the chemistry domain.
Partial-coherence abstractions for relaxed memory models

We present an approach for automatic verification and fence inference in concurrent programs running under relaxed memory models. Verification under relaxed memory models is a hard problem. Given a finite state program and a safety specification, verifying that the program satisfies the specification under a sufficiently relaxed memory model is undecidable. For stronger models, the problem is decidable but has non-primitive recursive complexity.
 In this paper, we focus on models that have store-buffer based semantics, e.g., SPARC TSO and PSO. We use abstract interpretation to provide an effective verification procedure for programs running under this type of models. Our main contribution is a family of novel partial-coherence abstractions, specialized for relaxed memory models, which partially preserve information required for memory coherence and consistency. We use our abstractions to automatically verify programs under relaxed memory models. In addition, when a program violates its specification but can be fixed by adding fences, our approach can automatically infer a correct fence placement that is optimal under the abstraction. We implemented our approach in a tool called BLENDER and applied it to verify and infer fences in several concurrent algorithms.
Theory of formal integrability and DAEs: effective computations

This paper deals with the computation of the formally integrable systems underlying a given quasi-linear polynomial DAE. We use as stopping condition the criterium of differential stability, which happens to be equivalent to the formal integrability in dimension 1. A symbolic method is developed to compute effectively a finite collection of so-called triangular stable DAEs, whose solutions are precisely all the solutions of the initial system. Besides, this algorithm enables to determine the generic points of a triangular DAE, by checking the non-nullity of a single polynomial.
The psychology of being put on hold: An exploratory study of service quality

Customer satisfaction is one of the most important business objectives of the 1990s. One element identified as critical to satisfaction is quality. In the service sector, this objective is manifested in the form of service quality. Current research has concentrated on face-to-face interactions in their studies of service quality. However, many businesses conduct much of their business by phone. In addition, given the significant influence of time on consumers' daily lives, the telephone is becoming an increasingly important tool in their consumption habits. Telephone interactions represent a unique challenge to firms wishing to establish long-term relationships with their customers. This article explores the specific phenomenon of being placed on hold when calling a business and how this act affects the consumers' perceptions of service quality.
Enabling Aztlán: Arturo Islas Jr., Disability, and Chicano Cultural Nationalism

Drawing from disability theory and Chicana/o feminist and queer theory, this essay argues that the novels The Rain God and Migrant Souls by Arturo Islas Jr. produce a vision of Chicana/o community that circumvents the exclusions on which cultural nationalisms are often predicated. Even as both betray uneasiness with Chicano nationalism, they embrace the drive toward community that lies at the core of nationalist impulses. Moreover, their vision of community finds expression through images of disability. The novels therefore provide an opportunity to contemplate how disability might modify and expand the construction of concepts like nation, family, and community.
Japan's modern divide : the photographs of Hiroshi Hamaya and Kansuke Yamamoto

This title offers a superbly illustrated overview of the evolution of two very different strains of modern Japanese photography. In the 1930s, Japanese photography evolved in two very directions: one toward a documentary style, the other favouring an experimental, or avant-garde, approach strongly influence by Western Surrealism. This book explores these two divergent paths through the work of two remarkable figures: Hiroshi Hamaya and Kansuke Yamamoto. Hiroshi Hamaya (1915-1999) was born and raised in Tokyo and, after an initial period of creative experimentation, turned his attention to recording traditional life and culture. He went on to record cultural changes in China, political protests in Japan, and landscapes around the world. Kansuke Yamamoto (1914-1987) became fascinated by the innovative approaches in art and literature exemplified by Western artists such as Man Ray and Magritte. He promoted Surrealist and avant-garde ideas in Japan through his poetry, paintings, sculptures, and photography.
AN ESSAY ON DIWA TECTONICS AND PLATE MOVEMENT IN SOUTH CHINA

After the Indo-China movement, the crustal development of south China evolved from the platform stage into the diwa stage. According to the plate tectonics theory, the continental crust of the eact margin of south China at that time was just converted from the cont- inental margin of island arc type into that ot Andes type. Thus the "ancient Pacient plate" subducted directly under the "ancient Eurasia plate" so that the consolidated continental crust fo south of Chia underwent buckling and blockfaulting movement with extensive magmatic intrusion and extrusion. The charateristics of diwa tectonics agree with plate movement in time, space and causes, indicating that the two theories are very similar.
DEFINITIONS OF FINITENESS BASED ON ORDER PROPERTIES

A definition of finiteness is a set-theoretical property of a set that, if the Axiom of Choice (AC) is assumed, is equivalent to stating that the set is finite; several such definitions have been studied over the years. In this article we introduce a framework for generating definitions of finiteness in a systematical way: basic definitions are obtained from properties of certain classes of binary relations, and further definitions are obtained from the basic ones by closing them under subsets or under quotients. We work in set theory without AC to establish relations of implication and indepen- dence between these definitions, as well as between them and other notions of finiteness previously studied in the literature. It turns out that several well known definitions of finiteness (including Dedekind finiteness) fit into our framework by being equivalent to one of our definitions; however, a few of our definitions are actually new. We also show that Ia-finite unions of Ia-finite sets are P-finite (one of our new definitions), but that the class of P-finite sets is not provably closed under unions.
The dynamics of wealth, profit, and sustainable advantage

This paper shows how idiosyncratic resources can be the basis of sustained profitability and persistent heterogeneity under competitive conditions: Generic inputs purchased in the market become idiosyncratic resources by investments in customization. Analytically, we show how heterogeneous firms co-exist in equilibrium. Computationally, we show that sustainable profits can emerge without "monopolistic" imperfections. We consider how capability heterogeneity, resource customization cost and ease of expansion interact to drive short-run and sustainable profits. Results illustrate that, in an industry evolution context, sustainable profits may represent a small part of total wealth creation, and that changes in factors shaping a sectors' evolutionary trajectory may be more important than changes in factors that determine profits? ultimate sustainability, thus calling into question the familiar emphasis on "sustainable advantage".
Using BIM to teach design and construction of sustainable buildings

Building information modeling (BIM) has been integrated into many architectural and engineering curriculums over the past five years. It is now being introduced into sustainability education because of its building energy analysis and simulation applications. Preliminary evaluation of the sustainability of buildings is becoming easier, faster, and more accessible to the academic community. This new accessibility to powerful modeling software is an innovative teaching and learning tool for both instructors and students in building design and construction. The BIM modeling platform allows users to quickly identify and evaluate the impact of design and construction changes on a building’s sustainability. A review of the literature revealed a very limited number of publications that addressed how this critical development can be effectively utilized in higher education. The objectives of this paper are: 1) to introduce an integrated, BIM-based building design and construction course; and 2) to demonstrate some of the teaching and learning methods, case studies, and projects used to teach sustainability in this context. The key research goal of this paper is to identify and document some methods of using BIM as an effective tool to teach sustainable building design and construction. A building design and construction class integrating BIM was developed and its initial offering was used as a case study for this paper. One feature of this class was the introduction of three different BIM software packages during a single semester, which enabled students to use BIM tools to conduct “what-if” sustainability analyses during design and construction scenarios. A residential and a commercial building were used as class projects to allow students to demonstrate the knowledge they had learned in class. Project results and student feedback were collected for an analysis of learning effectiveness. By incorporating case studies into the course, the authors were able to develop procedures and content appropriate for BIM-based instruction of building sustainability in a new and creative way. The preliminary results demonstrated that BIM can be used as an effective tool for teaching sustainability in a construction curriculum. The authors hope the described work will promote more discussion and additional sharing of knowledge on this important topic.
The Veiled Mirror and the Woman Poet: H.D., Louise Bogan, Elizabeth Bishop, and Louise Glück

In "The Veiled Mirror and the Woman Poet" Elizabeth Dodd explores the lives and work of four women poets of the 20th century - H.D., Louise Bogan, Elizabeth Bishop, and Louise Glueck. Dodd argues that sexist and male-dominated cultural forces in their personal and professional lives challenged these women to find a unique mode of expression in their poetry, a practice Dodd defines as "personal classicism". Dodd uses the term "personal classicism" to interpret modern and contemporary poetry that appears torn between two major modes of poetic sensibility, the Romantic and the Classical. While the four poets she addresses exhibit a poetic sensibility that is primarily Romantic, they have nonetheless employed masking and controlling strategies that are more nearly Classical. Combining feminist theory and biographial studies with close readings of individual poems, Dodd moves historically from H.D., one of the best-known Imagists, through the Confessional movement, to the major contemporary poet Louise Glueck. In the final chapter, Dodd brings us to the present, where she finds women writers still struggling with the recent confessional legacy of such highly anthologized poets as Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath. "The Veiled Mirror" is intended to be of significant interest to students of modern and contemporary poetry, as well as to those concerned with women's studies.
Game Analysis on Purchasing for Suppliers and Purchasers under Supply Chain Environment

Adopting game theories, this paper has analyzed on the judgments and strategies between enterprises’ purchasers and suppliers under static and dynamic environment, when they have perfect information and imperfect information. Through the establishment of a principal-agent game model, the results show that the positive supply attitude of suppliers and incentive mechanism of purchasing enterprises are the influencing factors to the revenues of both suppliers and purchasers during purchasing process.
Communication facilitators for a distributed collaborative engineering environment

Availability of professionals and communication of corporate expertise are among the key competitive factors in a modern corporation. However, due to the growing size and geographic dispersion of corporations, making optimal use of their human resources and expertise is becoming increasingly difficult. Since a significant portion of an employee's time is spent in meetings or conferences to coordinate group efforts, conference management is a critical component of a collaborative engineering effort. This thesis describes, CAIRO (Collaborative Agent Interaction control and synchROnization system), a system for managing participants in a distributed conference. We have drawn from various models of group interaction and social communications theory in order to develop CAIRO. While most conference systems have focused on the technical issues of communicating information between computers, we have also emphasized the role of the computer as a mediator and conference control mechanism. CAIRO provides both media synchronization, i.e. insuring that all information conveyed from one participant to another is synchronized, and agent synchronization, i.e. insuring effective structuring and control of a conference.
Roles of Small Town Construction and Environmental Problems & Countermeasures

The small town construction played an important role in propelling society development and solving the "agriculture,countryside,farmer"problems.At the same time,the new environmental problems arose,such as soil erosion,ecological damage,the different levels of pollution of atmosphere,water,soil,etc.This paper discussed the role of the small town construction and the environmental problems.At the same time,this paper proposed some corresponding countermeasures about the emerging environmental problems during the small town construction.
Selective Sampling for Example-based Word Sense Disambiguation

This paper proposes an efficient example sampling method for example-based word sense disambiguation systems. To construct a database of practical size, a considerable overhead for manual sense disambiguation (overhead for supervision) is required. In addition, the time complexity of searching a large-sized database poses a considerable problem (overhead for search). To counter these problems, our method selectively samples a smaller-sized effective subset from a given example set for use in word sense disambiguation. Our method is characterized by the reliance on the notion of training utility: the degree to which each example is informative for future example sampling when used for the training of the system. The system progressively collects examples by selecting those with greatest utility. The paper reports the effectiveness of our method through experiments on about one thousand sentences. Compared to experiments with other example sampling methods, our method reduced both the overhead for supervision and the overhead for search, without the degeneration of the performance of the system.
Efficiency versus fairness: the evaluation of labor market policies by economists and laypeople

The present study examines the criteria used by economic laypeople (N = 380 German citizens) and economists (N = 80 professors or postgraduates in economics) in judging reform measures as illustrated by policies of governmental labor market intervention policies. Results reveal substantial differences between economists and laypeople. Most laypersons favored labor market interventions and regarded them as both, efficient and fair. In contrast, most economists opposed labor market interventions and regarded them as both, inefficient and unfair. Using structural equation modelling we further show that the relative importance of efficiency and fairness differs between both groups. While economists base the acceptance of a certain reform measure mainly on its perceived efficiency, laypersons mainly focus on its perceived fairness. Theoretical and practical implications of our results are discussed.
Femtosecond pulsed laser ablation of metal alloy and semiconductor targets

The properties of metal alloy (CoPt and inconel) and semiconductor (GaAs and InP) nanoclusters formed via femtosecond laser pulses were investigated. Ablation of the target materials was carried out both in vacuum (10 −4  Pa) and at set pressures in a number of background gases. The results of this work indicate that short laser pulses (low picoseconds/femtoseconds) alone are not enough to guarantee the production of films with stoichiometries matching those of the target materials. The production of stoichiometric alloy films depends on the similarity of the vapor pressures of the target constituents, while the production of stoichiometric compound films requires ablation in the presence of a background gas and compound constituents of comparable mass.
The United Engineering Building: A Vision of Andrew Carnegie

In the early days of electrical engineering, a unique group of visionaries joined together and realized the dream of Andrew Carnegie to join all major engineering societies of the day under one roof - the United Engineering Building, in the heart of New York City. Not only did Carnegie provide his leadership and vision to this endeavor but he was also responsible for much of the early financial support. This article reviews the events surrounding the creation of the United Engineering Building and the leadership and financial role played by Andrew Carnegie
People with learning disabilities who engage in self-injury

This article represents some of the findings of the author's research into the relationship between self-injury and learning disability. It identifies the key theoretical discourses associated with the phenomenon, before elaborating on the main principles of each and identifying resultant intervention strategies. These interventions, psychotropic medication, mechanical restraint, and the behavioural approach are subsequently described. Case-study methodology was employed since this enabled the examination over time of these intervention strategies in the lives of individuals fulfilling the necessary criteria of persistent self-injury and significant communication difficulties. The findings of the research suggest a frequently piecemeal approach to self-injury, with arbitrary selection of behavioural intervention approaches, a continued reliance on powerful medication, and ambivalence concerning the use of mechanical restraint. Nurses were often skilled in working from a behavioural perspective, but were hindered by complex family circumstances and a failure to gain the confidence of direct care staff. There was also a lack of appreciation about the relationship between the individual and his/her self-injury, and recognition of the nature of the intransigence.