nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of the Provence Chain evolution, southeastern France: The Provence Chain Evolution

The Provence fold‐and‐thrust belt forms the eastern limit of the Pyrenean orogenic system in southeastern France. This belt developed during the Late Cretaceous‐Eocene Pyrenean‐Provence compression and was then deformed by Oligocene‐Miocene Ligurian rifting events and Neogene to present‐day Alpine compression. In this study, surface structural data, seismic profiles, and crustal‐to‐lithospheric‐scale sequentially balanced cross sections contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of the Provence Chain and its long‐term history of deformation. Balanced cross sections show that the thrust system is characterized by various structural styles, including deep‐seated basement faults that affect the entire crust, tectonic inversions of Paleozoic‐Mesozoic basins, shallower decollements within the sedimentary cover, accommodation zones, and salt tectonics. This study shows the prime control of the structural inheritance over a long period of time on the tectonic evolution of a geological system. This includes mechanical heterogeneities, such as Variscan shear zones, reactivated during Middle Cretaceous Pyrenean rifting between Eurasia and Sardinia. In domains where Mesozoic rifting is well marked, inherited basement normal faults and the thermally weak crust favored the formation of an inner thick‐skinned thrust belt during Late Cretaceous‐Eocene contraction. Here 155 km (~35%) of shortening was accommodated by inversion of north verging crustal faults, north directed subduction of the Sardinia mantle lithosphere, and ductile thickening of the Provence mantle lithosphere. During the Oligocene, these domains were still predisposed for the localized faulting of the Ligurian basin rifting and the seafloor spreading.
Effect of Life Style Modification's Nursing Program on Post-operative Outcomes of Patients with Selected Benign Perianal Diseases

Benign perianal diseases are common pathologic lesions affecting millions worldwide which lead to significant morbidity and representing major medical and socioeconomic problems . This study aiming to evaluate the effect of life style modification's nursing program on post-operative outcomes of patients with selected benign perianal diseases.  A purposive sample of 100 adult patients undergoing a surgical procedure for hemorrhoid or/and anal fissure.  The study was conducted at the general surgery department and general surgery out patient's clinics of Menoufia University hospital and Shebien El- kom Teaching hospital . Tools of the study: Four tools were utilized. Tool I: An interviewing questionnaire includes three parts: Personal data, medical data and patient's knowledge about diet and behavioral modification. Tool II: Post-operative complications assessment sheet. Tool III: Kegel exercise's performance checklist Tool IV: Self reported compliance assessment sheet.  There was statistically significant difference between study and control group regarding total means of knowledge, behavioral and exercises performance after intervention. There was statistically significant difference between study group and control group regarding post- operative complication. There were statistically significant differences regarding compliance about diet, behavioral modification and exercises in the study group than control group.  Also, there was statistically significant reduction of recurrent manifestation of study group and control group after and six months.  The implementation of lifestyle modifications program had led to improve healthy habits regarding diet, behavior and exercise practice that leading to reduce postoperative complication and also, is more effective on prevent the recurrence of manifestation after six months of follow up.  Generalizing dietary and behavioral life style modifications among patients to prevent diseases initiation / symptoms aggravation reduce the incidence of surgery and disease recurrence after surgery.  Life Style Modification's nursing program, Post-operative outcomes &Selected benign perianal diseases.
Magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of nickel ferrite–lead iron niobate relaxor composites

Magnetoelectric effect in bulk ceramic and multilayer (laminated) structures consisting of 6 nickel ferrite and 7 lead iron niobate relaxor (PFN) layers was investigated. This paper describes the synthesis and tape-casting process for ferrimagnetic Ni 0.3 Zn 0.62 Cu 0.08 Fe 2 O 4 ferrite and multiferroic relaxor Pb(Fe 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 . X-ray analysis and studies of the electrical and magnetic properties were performed for bulk and layered composites. Complex impedance and dielectric permittivity of bulk and layered composites were studied in a temperature range from −40 to 300 °C and a frequency range of 10 Hz to 2 MHz. Magnetic hysteresis, ZFC–FC curves and dependencies of magnetization versus temperature for nickel ferrite, PFN relaxor and magnetoelectric composites were measured with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) in an applied magnetic field up to 85 kOe at −269 °C. Magnetoelectric effect at room temperature was investigated as a function of static magnetic field (0.3–6.5 kOe).
Two Cartesian closed categories of information algebras

The compact information algebra and the continuous information algebra are two special information algebras, which are algebraic structures modeling computation in many different contexts. We show that the set of all continuous mappings between two continuous information algebras also forms a continuous information algebra. Further, we obtain that the two categories COMP and CON, consisting of compact information algebras and continuous information algebras as objects respectively, continuous mappings as morphisms, are both Cartesian closed. We present an equivalent characterization of continuous information algebras.The set of all continuous mappings on continuous information algebras is continuous.The two categories COMP and CON are both Cartesian closed.
The Impact of Corporate Sustainability on Organizational Processes and Performance

We investigate the effect of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Using a matched sample of 180 US companies, we find that corporations that voluntarily adopted sustainability policies by 1993 - termed as High Sustainability companies - exhibit by 2009 distinct organizational processes compared to a matched sample of companies that adopted almost none of these policies - termed as Low Sustainability companies. The boards of directors of High Sustainability companies are more likely to be formally responsible for sustainability and top executive compensation incentives are more likely to be a function of sustainability metrics. High Sustainability companies are more likely to have established processes for stakeholder engagement, to be more long-term oriented, and to exhibit higher measurement and disclosure of nonfinancial information. Finally, High Sustainability companies significantly outperform their counterparts over the long-term, both in terms of stock market and accounting performance.
K-Rich Cumulate Diorite at the Base of a Tilted Granodiorite Pluton from the New England Batholith, Australia

Petrological, isotopic, and gravity data for a massive granodiorite with K-rich biotite-diorite and tonalite variants in the New England Batholith, Australia, indicate that the more mafic rock types form the lower parts of a pluton that has been tilted so as to expose the base along its southwestern margin. The mafic rocks are inferred to be cumulates of refractory and phenocrystal phases and not the products of independent K-rich basic magmas. This evidence of tilting in the unfoliated granodiorite Uralla pluton suggests that granite samples should be used cautiously in palaeomagnetic-palaeolatitude studies, for the absence of metamorphic foliation is not sufficient evidence that the granite has not been tilted.
Normal Forms in Function Fields

We consider function fields of functions of one variable augmented by the binary operation of composition of functions. It is shown that the straightforward axiomatization of this concept allows the introduction of a normal form for expressions denoting elements in such fields. While the description of this normal form seems relatively intuitive, it is surprisingly difficult to prove this fact. We present an algorithm for the normalization of expressions, formulated in the symbolic computer algebra language mathematica. This allows us to effectively decide compositional identities in such fields. Examples are given.
A framework for exercises in computer science

This text describes a laboratory course in practical handling of computers, a computer network, and a C++ compiler. Most of the software used is running under the Linux operating system. Some aspects of file and directory structures, revision control, maintenance and backup solutions for hardware, software and instruction material, are discussed. It is suggested that an introductory course of the type described and a geometric modeler make a rich environment, suitable as a basis and a framework for hands-on exercises in computer science. Applications in other courses are indicated.
Sedimentary facies analysis of the Oligocene-Miocene Kangtuo Formation in Gerze Basin,Tibet

The Gerze basin located in the Qiangtang stratigraphic area of the Tibetan Plateau has been very insufficiently studied.According to the sedimentary characteristics of the Oligocene-Neogene Kangtuo Formation,three sedimentary facies have been recognized in the Gerze basin.i.e.,fan delta facies,lacustrine delta facies and lacustrine facies.In combination with regional geological characteristics and paleocurrent analysis,the Oligocene-Neogene sedimentary evolution in the study area is divided into two stages,which in the chronological order are the initial rift-sagging stage and the steady depositional stage.The facies analysis of the Kangtuo section has obviously shed light on the understanding of the Oligocene-Neogene sedimentary evolution in the study area.
Coercion is not a societal constant: Reply to Samuels

Warren Samuels maintains that every society has a constant amount of coercion and order, which vary only in terms of who gains and who loses, because every society has a government that establishes property rights. In making these arguments, Samuels exaggerates the extent to which governmental decisions predetermine the workings of a market society, and he fails to recognize that, with regard to the attainment of specific socioeconomic outcomes, governmental stipulation of private property rights differs fundamentally from governmental command and control.
Framing the feudal bond: a chapter in the history of the ius commune in Medieval Europe

In this article I wish to show how history of legal doctrines can assist in a better understanding of the legal reasoning over a long historical period. First I will describe the nineteenth century discussion on the definition of law as a ‘science’, and some influences of the medieval idea of science on the modern definition. Then, I’ll try to delve deeper into a particular doctrinal problem of the Middle Ages: how to fit the feudal relationship between lord and vassal into the categories of Roman law. The scholastic interpretation of these categories is very original, to the point of framing a purely personal relationship among property rights. The effort made by medieval legal culture to frame the reality into the abstract concepts of law can be seen as the birth of legal dogmatics.
Urban occupations in a siberian city (Tobolsk, 1897)

The article studies the late 19th-century occupational structure of Tobolsk in the context of other major Siberian cities. Many urban centres were strongholds for governing this huge territory, and Tobolsk was a typical provincial capital in this regard. In the most economically developed Western and Southern Siberian provinces, cities were not only administrative hubs, but also cultural and economic centres. The authors look at how urban populations were distributed among different occupational groups and social classes, and what role gender and family relations played in terms of employment. This is important, as it may help understand whether Russia’s huge eastern provinces were ready for the transformations which started just two decades after the period whence the main source material of the article originates. The research is based on the first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897. The archives have not preserved primary census manuscripts as a unified collection: so far, only scattered manuscripts have emerged. Clearly, the use of the individual-level nominative census data found for Tobolsk considerably broadens the scope of the research, which was previously limited to aggregate data. The aggregate data provide an opportunity to characterise employment in Siberian cities more generally, demonstrating the occupational specificity of the ‘military’ and ‘agrarian’ cities as well as the provincial centres of Western and Eastern Siberia. The authors more closely analyse the nominative 1897 census data using the database ‘Tobolsk Population in 1897’, which contains information about 92.5 % of employed citizens. The individual-level data made it possible to reconstruct the age and gender structure of the economically active population of the provincial centre, to study the occupations of different estate groups, to look into specific features of secondary occupations, and to see the family’s influence on the choice of occupation. All the employment data on the Siberian urban population were coded according to the HISCO standard.
National types: The transatlantic publication and reception of Crania Americana (1839):

Samuel George Morton’s Crania Americana (1839) is most often read as a foundational work for the ‘American school’ of nineteenth-century ethnography. In this article, I challenge such a reading by demonstrating how transatlantic connections shaped both the publication and the reception of Morton’s atlas. In this lavish folio volume, complete with over seventy lithographic plates, Morton divides mankind into five races on the basis of skull configuration. However, to date, there have been no histories which consider the relevance of Morton’s extensive correspondence with physicians, naturalists, and phrenologists in Europe. Furthermore, there have been no studies which consider how Morton managed the reception of Crania Americana across the Atlantic Ocean. This article resituates American ethnology within this transatlantic world, drawing on archival collections in both Britain and the United States. More broadly, it demonstrates how the history of the book can be developed as we move beyond national contexts.
The making ofAnya, or a tale of two villages

The UK editors invited Michael Morpurgo to write about the origins ofWaiting for Anya, a story set on the Franco Spanish border in the High Pyrenees during the Second World War. The young hero, Jo, is drawn into a perilous network which helps Jews to escape over the border. A European bear, a Pyrenean mountain dog, a shepherd—all feature in the story. How they come to be there is explained in the article which follows.Waiting for Anya is published by Heinemann (hard-back) and by Mammoth (paperback) in the UK, by Viking Penguin in the USA, and by Gallimard in France. It was nominated by the American Library Association as Best Book for Young Adults, and it was aSchool Library Journal Best Book of the Year; it was also an NCSS-CBC Notable Children's Trade Book in the field of Social Studies.
Processing properties of nano- and submicro-crystalline Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy

This paper reports the results of experiments on superplastic forming (SPF) and pressure welding (PW) performed with sheets of nano- and submicro-crystalline Ti–6Al–4V alloy. The decrease in the mean grain size of Ti–6Al–4V alloy sheets from 0.4 to 0.2 μm allows the decrease of the SPF temperature from 750 to 600 °C and the fabrication of cylindrical samples with appropriate shape, bending radius and thickness distribution. Due to the low temperature superplasticity flow stress, sound solid state joint (SSJ) for nanostructured Ti–6Al–4V alloy was obtained at 600 °C. The decrease of the mean grain size to nano- and submicro-crystalline sizes allows the application of the “low temperature superplasticity” for processing hollow components out of Ti–6Al–4V alloy by combining SPF and PW.
BRAHMS: Novel middleware for integrated systems computation

Biological computational modellers are becoming increasingly interested in building large, eclectic models, including components on many different computational substrates, both biological and non-biological. At the same time, the rise of the philosophy of embodied modelling is generating a need to deploy biological models as controllers for robots in real-world environments. Finally, robotics engineers are beginning to find value in seconding biomimetic control strategies for use on practical robots. Together with the ubiquitous desire to make good on past software development effort, these trends are throwing up new challenges of intellectual and technological integration (for example across scales, across disciplines, and even across time) - challenges that are unmet by existing software frameworks. Here, we outline these challenges in detail, and go on to describe a newly developed software framework, BRAHMS, that meets them. BRAHMS is a tool for integrating computational process modules into a viable, computable system; its generality and flexibility facilitate integration across barriers, such as those described above, in a coherent and effective way. We go on to describe several cases where BRAHMS has been successfully deployed in practical situations. We also show excellent performance in comparison with a monolithic development approach. Additional benefits of developing in the framework include source code self-documentation, automatic coarse-grained parallelisation, cross-language integration, data logging, performance monitoring, and will include dynamic load-balancing and 'pause and continue' execution. BRAHMS is built on the nascent, and similarly general purpose, model markup language, SystemML. This will, in future, also facilitate repeatability and accountability (same answers ten years from now), transparent automatic software distribution, and interfacing with other SystemML tools.
Locke and Environmental Political Theory

Few philosophers’ ideas have had as significant an impact on the natural world as those of John Locke; in particular, an examination of Locke’s account of property is central to any attempt at revealing environmentally significant themes in the traditional political theory canon. many readers have taken Locke’s theory to be utterly inimical to the use of state power to further environmentalism; this is taken to be its main advantage by opponents, and a crippling disadvantage by supporters, of environmental regulation. But a more nuanced reading suggests two ways Locke’s theory can be revised to yield more environmentally friendly results goals. On the one hand, his labor theory of value might be revised, using the notion of natural services to weakens the link between labor and private property in land. On the other hand, his view that there are provisos on the accumulation of property in the state of nature can be extended to civil society, thus providing a basis for regulation of practices that degrade natural services. Finally, I will argue that the labor theory initiates a line of thinking, running through Rousseau, Kant, Hegel, and Marx, which sees economic life as taking place in a setting human beings themselves have created through their labor. Thus, because Locke places property at the center of his political theory, we can read Locke as placing the environment at the center of politics.
Classical Music Criticism: With a Chapter on Reviewing Ethnic Music@@@The Attentive Listener: Three Centuries of Music Criticism@@@Music Criticism in Nineteenth-Century France: La revue et gazette musicale de Paris, 1845-80@@@Music Criticism in Vienna 1896-1897: Critically Moving Forms

Music Criticism in Vienna records a culture in which musical criticism had achieved the status of a minor art form. The period covered - October 1896 to December 1897 - was an eventful time in Vienna. Bruckner died, then Brahms; Mahler arrived; premieres of works by Czech composers coincided with increasing tension in the Empire between Czechs and Germans; Puccini's La Boheme reached Vienna on its sensational progress around the world; and the great programme music debate continued. These events and issues were recorded and debated by some two dozen critics ranging from Eduard Hanslick, widely credited with (and blamed for) raising music criticism to an art, to Heinrich Schenker. The focus of Sandra McColl's monograph is unashamedly on the critics themselves, and her reconstruction of the climate of debate about whatever music or musicians came to their notice. She illuminates the intellectual climate in which the music was created, performed and received, and provides a foundation for the study of musical criticism in the post-Hanslick generation.
Persistent Problems in Measuring Household Production

Three problems continue to plague household production researchers: definition of household production, method of dealing with joint‐production activities and the appropriate valuation of household production. Each of these problems is analyzed and ways of resolving it suggested. Particular attention is paid to the valuation question. It is shown here that the appropriate method of valuation is one which is consistent with economic theory. This, in turn, will depend critically on the purpose of valuation.
Innovation development of Russian economy: Challenges of decade

The current status of the Russian economy, its role in the international division of labor and status of innovational potential leave much to be desired. Overcoming of these negative tendencies is possible only under activation and development of venture innovative activity, creation of new forms of innovative infrastructure. An innovative type of development involves variation and updating of forms of activities in accordance with shifts in the technological base, values, stereotypes of the production and consumer behavior in society and business entities, with any changes in the socio-economic system and its links with the outside world
Limits of structures and the example of tree semi-lattices

The notion of left convergent sequences of graphs introduced by Lov\' asz et al. (in relation with homomorphism densities for fixed patterns and Szemer\'edi's regularity lemma) got increasingly studied over the past $10$ years. Recently, Ne\v set\v ril and Ossona de Mendez introduced a general framework for convergence of sequences of structures. In particular, the authors introduced the notion of $QF$-convergence, which is a natural generalization of left-convergence. In this paper, we initiate study of $QF$-convergence for structures with functional symbols by focusing on the particular case of tree semi-lattices. We fully characterize the limit objects and give an application to the study of left convergence of $m$-partite cographs, a generalization of cographs.
Modal Definability in Enriched Languages

The paper deals with polymodal languages combined with stan­ dard semantics defined by means of some conditions on the frames. So a notion of "polymodal base" arises which provides various enrichments of the classical modal language. One of these enrichments, viz. the base £(R,-R), with modalities over a relation and over its complement, is the paper's main paradigm. The modal definability (in the spirit of van Benthem's correspon­ dence theory) of arbitrary and ~-elementary classes of frames in this base and in some of its extensions, e.g., £(R,-R,R-1 ,_R-1), £(R,-R,=I=) etc., is described, and numerous examples of conditions definable there, as well as undefinable ones, are adduced.