THE RR LYRAE VARIABLES AND HORIZONTAL BRANCH OF NGC 6656 (M22)
The first calibrated broadband UBVI time-series photometry is presented for the RR Lyrae variable stars in NGC 6656 (M22), with observations spanning a range of 22 years. We have also redetermined the variability types and periods for the RR Lyrae stars identified previously by photographic observations, revising the number of fundamental-mode RR Lyrae variables (RR0) to 10 and the number of first-overtone variables (RR1) to 16. The mean periods of the RR0 and RR1 variables are (P) {sub RR0} = 0.66 ± 0.02 days and (P) {sub RR1} = 0.33 ± 0.01 days, respectively, supporting an Oosterhoff II classification for the cluster. The number ratio of RR1-type to all RR-type variables is N {sub 1}/N{sub RR} = 0.61, also consistent with an Oosterhoff II designation. Both the RR Lyrae stars' minimum light colors and the blue edge of the RR Lyrae instability strip suggest E( B – – V) = 0.36 ± 0.02 mag toward M22. Regarding the HB morphology of M22, we find (B-R)/(B+V+R) = +0.97 ± 0.1 and at least one ''gap'' located in an unusual part of the blue HB, in the middle of the so-called hot HB stars.

title: The pulsating sdB+M eclipsing system NY Virginis and its circumbinary planets
abstract: We searched for circumbinary planets orbiting NY Vir in historical eclipse times including our long-term CCD data. Sixty-eight times of minimum light with accuracies better than 10 s were used for the ephemeris computations. The best fit to those timings indicated that the orbital period of NY Vir has varied due to a combination of two sinusoids with periods of P3=8.2 yr and P4=27.0 yr and semi-amplitudes of K3=6.9 s and K4=27.3 s, respectively. The periodic variations most likely arise from a pair of light-time effects due to the presence of third and fourth bodies that are gravitationally bound to the eclipsing pair. We have derived the orbital parameters and the minimum masses, M3 sini3 = 2.8 MJup and M4 sini4 = 4.5 MJup, of both objects. A dynamical analysis suggests that the outer companion is less likely to orbit the binary on a circular orbit. Instead we show that future timing data might push its eccentricity to moderate values for which the system exhibits long-term stability. The results demonstrate that NY Vir is probably a star-planet system, which consists of a very close binary star and two giant planets. The period ratio P3/P4 suggests that a long-term gravitational interaction between them would result in capture into a nearly 3:10 mean motion resonance. When the presence of the circumbinary planets is verified and understood more comprehensively, the formation and evolution of this planetary system should be advanced greatly.

title: INFRARED PHOTOMETRY OF NGC 6791
abstract: We present deep JHK photometry of the old and metal-rich open cluster NGC 6791. The photometry reaches below the main-sequence turnoff to K ≈ 16.5 mag. We combine our photometry with that from Stetson et al. to provide color-magnitude diagrams showing K versus J - K, K versus V - K, and V versus V - K. We study the slope of the red giant branch in the infrared but find that it is not a useful metallicity indicator for the cluster, nor any metal-rich cluster that lacks a well-populated red giant branch, because it is not linear, as has often been assumed, in K versus J - K. The mean color of the red horizontal-branch/red clump stars provide an estimate of the cluster reddening, E(B - V) = 0.14 ± 0.04 mag for [Fe/H] = +0.4 ± 0.1. The mean magnitudes of these stars also provide a good distance estimate, (m - M)0 = 13.07 ± 0.04. Finally, we find that the isochrones of Yi et al. provide optimal fits in V versus B - V and V - K and K versus J - K and V - K for such values if [Fe/H] lies between +0.3 and +0.5 (with a slight preference for +0.5) and ages between 9 Gyr ([Fe/H] = +0.3) and 7.5 Gyr ([Fe/H] = +0.5).

title: Expression of Interest and RD Proposal for the Study of Nucleon Decay and Neutrino Physics Using a Large Underground Water Cherenkov Detector: UNO

title: A Chemical Abundance Study of three RHB and two RGB stars in NGC6637 (M69)
abstract: We present a detailed chemical abundance study of three red horizontal branch and two red giant branch stars in the metal-rich globular cluster NGC 6637 (M69). The value of [Fe/H] derived from LTE calculations is $-$0.77 $\pm$ 0.02 dex. We also discuss the anticorrelation between oxygen and sodium abundances in the program stars and compare the [Si/Ti] ratio of NGC 6637 with those of other globular clusters.

title: Enrichment by supernovae in globular clusters with multiple populations
abstract: The most massive globular cluster in the Milky Way, ω Centauri, is thought to be the remaining core of a disrupted dwarf galaxy, as expected within the model of hierarchical merging. It contains several stellar populations having different heavy elemental abundances supplied by supernovae—a process known as metal enrichment. Although M 22 appears to be similar to ω Cen, other peculiar globular clusters do not. Therefore ω Cen and M 22 are viewed as exceptional, and the presence of chemical inhomogeneities in other clusters is seen as ‘pollution’ from the intermediate-mass asymptotic-giant-branch stars expected in normal globular clusters. Here we report Ca abundances for seven globular clusters and compare them to ω Cen. Calcium and other heavy elements can only be supplied through numerous supernovae explosions of massive stars in these stellar systems, but the gravitational potentials of the present-day clusters cannot preserve most of the ejecta from such explosions. We conclude that these globular clusters, like ω Cen, are most probably the relics of more massive primeval dwarf galaxies that merged and disrupted to form the proto-Galaxy.

title: Physics from information
abstract: Department of energy resources development, Jungwon University,5 dongburi, Goesan-eup, Goesan-gun Chungbuk Korea 367-805(Dated: November 9, 2010)This is an ongoing review on my conjecture that information processing at causal horizons isthe key ingredient of all physics. Assuming that information is fundamental and the informationpropagates with ﬁnite velocity, one can ﬁnd that main physical laws such as Newton’s second law andEinstein equation simply describe the energy-information relation (dE=TdS) for matter or spacetime crossing a causal horizon with temperature T for observers. Quantum mechanics arises fromignorance of the observers about matter crossing the horizon, which explains why superluminalcommunication is impossible even with quantum entanglement. This approach also explains theorigin of Jacobson’s thermodynamic formalism of Einstein gravity and Verlinde’s entropic gravity.When applied to a cosmic causal horizon, the conjecture reproduces the observed dark energy anddemands the zero cosmological constant.

title: Search for First Generation Scalar Leptoquarks in pp Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV with the ATLAS Detector
abstract: We report a search for first generation scalar leptoquarks using 1.03 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions data produced by the Large Hadron Collider at and recorded by the ATLAS experiment. Leptoquarks are sought via their decay into an electron or neutrino and a quark, producing events with two oppositely charged electrons and at least two jets, or events with an electron, missing transverse momentum and at least two jets. Control data samples are used to validate background predictions from Monte Carlo simulation. In the signal region, the observed event yields are consistent with the background expectations. We exclude at 95% confidence level the production of first generation scalar leptoquark with masses when assuming the branching fraction of a leptoquark to a charged lepton is equal to 1.0 (0.5).

title: Status of the PLS-II Synchrotron Light Source
abstract: Pohang light source (PLS) had been operated for 14 years successfully. The number of beamlines of PLS was two at the beginning stage. The number of beam-lines has been increased two or three every year. And the total beam-lines in operation became 28 in 2010 and 3199 users had visited PAL for their experiments . The user community gradually extended and they became to require brighter beam to see small signal from a sample. To meet this requirement of the user community, the PLS machine was upgraded as PLS-II. The main goals of the PLS-II machine are to increase the beam energy from 2.5 to 3 GeV, and to increase the number of insertion device (ID) by the factor of two (20 IDs). This PLS-II upgrade project had been completed in 2011 and user service has been started in 2012. We will report the current status of PLS-II machine in this paper.

title: Measuring the Higgs boson mass with transverse mass variables
abstract: We provide a comparative study of the Higgs boson mass measurements based on two approaches to the dileptonic decay of W bosons produced by the Higgs boson decay, one using the kinematic variable M true T and the other using the M T2 -assisted on-shell reconstruction of the invisible neutrino momenta. We find that these two approaches can determine the Higgs boson mass with a similar accuracy for both of the two main production mechanisms of the SM Higgs boson at the LHC, i.e. the gluon-gluon fusion and the weak vector boson fusion. We also notice that the Higgs signal distribution for the gluon-gluon fusion becomes narrower under the M T2 cut, while the corresponding background distribution becomes flatter, indicating that one might be able to reduce the systematic uncertainties of mass measurement with an appropriate M T2 cut.

title: NEW LIMITS FOR NEUTRINOLESS TAU DECAYS
abstract: Neutrinoless 3-prong tau lepton decays into a charged lepton and either two charged particles or one neutral meson have been searched for using 4.79fb^(-1) of data collected with the CLEO II detector at Cornell Electron Storage Ring. This analysis represents an update of a previous study and the addition of six decay channels. In all channels the numbers of events found are compatible with background estimates and branching fraction upper limits are set for 28 different decay modes. These limits are either more stringent than those set previously or represent the first attempt to find these decays.