An analytic solution of hydrodynamic equations with source terms in heavy-ion collisions
The energy and baryon densities in heavy-ion collisions are estimated by analytically solving a (1+1)-dimensional hydrodynamical model with source terms. In particular, a competition between the energy and baryon sources and the expansion of the system is discussed in detail.

title: Evidence for the decay $X(3872)\rightarrow\psi(2S)\gamma$
abstract: Evidence for the decay mode $X(3872)\rightarrow\psi(2S)\gamma$ in $B^+\rightarrow X(3872)K^+$ decays is found with a significance of 4.4 standard deviations. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3fb$^{-1}$ collected with the LHCb detector, at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8TeV. The ratio of the branching fraction of the $X(3872)\to\psi(2S)\gamma$ decay to that of the $X(3872)\rightarrow J/\psi \gamma$ decay is measured to be $$ \frac{Br(X(3872)\rightarrow\psi(2S)\gamma)}{Br(X(3872)\rightarrow J/\psi\gamma)} = 2.46\pm0.64\pm0.29, %\pm0.06,$$ where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The measured value agrees with expectations for a pure charmonium interpretation of the $X(3872)$ state and a mixture of charmonium and molecular interpretations. However, it does not support a pure $D\bar{D}^{*}$ molecular interpretation of the $X(3872)$state.

title: Thermal and nonthermal pion enhancements with chiral symmetry restoration
abstract: The pion production by sigma decay and its relation with chiral symmetry restoration in a hot and dense matter are investigated in the framework of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The decay rate for the process sigma -> 2pion to the lowest order in a 1/N_c expansion is calculated as a function of temperature T and chemical potential mu. The thermal and nonthermal enhancements of pions generated by the decay before and after the freeze-out present only in the crossover region of the chiral symmetry transition. The strongest nonthermal enhancement is located in the vicinity of the endpoint of the first-order transition.

title: Chiral Phase Transition Around the Tricritical Point

title: SPIN INTERACTION EFFECTS ON MOMENTUM CORRELATIONS FOR IDENTICAL FERMIONS EMITTED IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS
abstract: The Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT) effects predict a Bose–Einstein enhancement of the two-particle momentum correlations of identical bosons at small relative momentum. However, the parallel momentum correlations between identical fermions are less argued. The momentum correlations can be altered by many factors, among which the spin interaction effects are discussed in this paper. It is found that the spin interaction plays an important role on the momentum correlations of identical fermions. For spin triplet state, a full Fermi–Dirac suppression represents as expected. On the contrary, a fake Bose–Einstein enhancement shows up for spin singlet state. The measured momentum correlations of fermions could hence provide some hints of spin interactions between them if all other factors such as Coulomb interactions were removed. Spin interactions make it more complicated to extract physical information from momentum correlations between fermions.

title: Study of beauty hadron decays into pairs of charm hadrons
abstract: First observations of the decays Λb 0 → Λc +D(s) - are reported using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3fb-1 collected at 7 and 8 TeV center-of-mass energies in proton-proton collisions with the LHCb detector. In addition, the most precise measurement of the branching fraction B(Bs 0→D+Ds -) is made and a search is performed for the decays B(s) 0→Λc +Λc -. The results obtained are B(Λb 0→Λc +D-)/ B(Λb 0→Λc +D s -)=0.042±0.003(stat)±0.003(syst), [B(Λb 0→Λc +D s -)/B(B0→D+D s -)]/[B(Λb 0→Λ c +π-)/B(B0→D +π-)]=0.96±0.02(stat)±0.06(syst),B(B s 0→D+Ds -)/ B(B0→D+Ds -)=0. 038±0.004(stat)±0.003(syst),B(B0→Λ c +Λc -)/B(B , B(Bs 0→Λc +Λ c -)/B(Bs 0→D+D s -)<0.30[95%C.L.]. Measurement of the mass of the Λb 0 baryon relative to the B0 meson gives M(Λb 0)-M(B0)=339. 72±0.24(stat)±0.18(syst)MeV/c2. This result provides the most precise measurement of the mass of the Λb 0 baryon to date.

title: THE EFFECTIVE LAGRANGIAN OF THREE DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS
abstract: We consider the low energy limit of three dimensional quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with an even number of flavors. We show that parity is not spontaneously broken, but the global (flavor) symmetry is spontaneously broken. The low energy effective Lagrangian is a nonlinear sigma model on the Grassmannian. Some Chern-Simons terms are necessary in the Lagrangian to realize the discrete symmetries correctly. We consider also another parametrization of the low energy sector which leads to a three dimensional analogue of the Wess-Zumino-Witten-Novikov model. Since three dimensional QCD is believed to be a model for quantum antiferromagnetism, our effective Lagrangian can describe their long wavelength excitations (spin waves).

title: Asymptotic Freedom and Dirichlet String Theory
abstract: Fixed angle scattering at high energy in a string theory with boundaries satisfying Dirichlet conditions (Dirichlet strings) in D = 4 is shown to have logarithmic dependence on energy, in addition to the power-like behavior known before. High temperature free energy also depends logarithmically on temperature. Such a result could provide a matching mechanism between strings at long distance and asymptotic freedom at short distance, which is necessary for the reformulation of large-N QCD as a string theory. In order to reformulate the large-N QCD  as a string theory, assuming it is possible at all, we must find a string theory that contains only massive excitations (for pure QCD) and shares the characteristic features of asymptotic freedom, such as partonic behavior and logarithmic violation of scaling at high energy. The critical string theories we are mostly familiar with fail to meet theses two requirements: they contain massless gravitons and massless Yang-Mill particles, and fixed angle scattering falls off exponentially with total energy. Liouville theory [2] has been argued to be irrelevant for the problem of QCD , meanwhile the effective string picture advocated in , which without doubt is correct for long strings, has problems at short distances. Rigid strings  at first sight seem to give the right behavior at high energy and high temperature, but they have the wrong sign of free energy at high temperature as compared with QCD [6], and furthermore there are problems with unitarity [7]. Another simple yet non-trivial modification of short distance behavior of strings is to add world-sheet boundaries satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions – each boundary is mapped to a single point in space-time and the position is then integrated over. Such a theory was originally proposed as an off-shell extension of closed string amplitudes . Meanwhile the point-like states of the Dirichlet boundaries were proven to produce powerlike behavior of fixed angle scattering at high energy [9]. The point-like structure was then linked to partons. Developments of the Dirichlet string theory in modern language can be found in . Recently Green [11] points out that at high temperature the Dirichlet boundaries produce a free energy similar to that of the large-N QCD found by Polchinski[6]. Namely, in QCD the free energy of a long string per unit length goes as μQCD(β)/L 2 ∼ − (β)N π2β4 , (1)

title: Three dimensional quantum chromodynamics
abstract: The subject of this talk is the study of the low energy behavior of three (2+1) dimensional Quantum Chromodynamics. We show the existence of a phase where parity is unbroken and the flavor group U(2n) is broken into a subgroup U(n)×U(n). We derive the low energy effective action for the theory and show that it has solitonic excitations with Fermi statistic, to be identified with the three dimensional ‘‘baryon’’. Finally, we study the current algebra for this effective action and we find a co‐homologically nontrivial generalization of Kac‐Moody algebras to three dimension.

title: BARYONS AS SOLITONS IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS
abstract: We show that baryons of three-dimensional quantum chromodynamics can be understood as solitons of its effective Lagrangian. In the parity-preserving phase we study, these baryons are fermions for odd Nc and bosons for even Nc, never anyons. We quantize the collective variables of the solitons and thereby calculate the flavor quantum numbers. magnetic moments and mass splittings of the baryon. The flavor quantum numbers are in agreement with naive quark model for the low-lying states. The magnetic moments and mass splittings are smaller in the soliton model by a factor of logFπ/Ncmπ. We also show that there is a dibaryon solution that is an analog of the deuteron. These solitons can describe defects in a quantum antiferromagnet.

title: A remark on the Higgs effect in presence of Chern-Simons terms
abstract: In D=3, a Higgs scalar is shown to transmute a non-dynamical Chern-Simon term into topologically massive, parity-violating, electrodynamics. A similar transmutation also occurs for gravity.