The role of r-mode damping in the thermal evolution of neutron stars
The thermal evolution of neutron stars (NSs) is investigated through coupling with the evolution of r-mode instability, which is described by a second-order model. The heating effect due to shear viscous damping of the r modes enables us to understand the high temperature of two young pulsars (PSR B0531+21 and RX J0822-4300) in the framework of the simple neutron-proton-electron (npe) NS model, without superfluidity or exotic particles. Moreover, the light curves predicted by the model within an acceptable parameter regime probably cover all of the young and middle-aged pulsars in the Ig T ∞ s -lg t panel, and the artificially strong p superfluidity invoked in some early works is not needed here. Additionally, by considering the radiative viscous damping of the r modes, a surprising extra cooling effect is found that can even exceed the heating effect at times, although it plays a negligible role in the thermal history.

title: Yields and isomeric ratio of xenon and krypton isotopes from thermal neutron fission of /sup 235/U
abstract: The experimental cumulative yields of /sup 85/Kr/sup m/, /sup 87/Kr, /sup 88/Kr, /sup 133/Xe/sup g/, /sup 135/Xe/sup m/, and /sup 135/Xe/sup g/ and the independent isomeric yield of /sup 133/Xe/sup m/ in the thermal neutron fission of /sup 235/U have been measured by the gas chromatographic method. The independent yields of /sup 133/Xe/sup g/, /sup 135/Xe/sup m/, and /sup 135/Xe/sup g/ were deduced with the aid of /sup 133/I and /sup 135/I data. The isomeric yield ratios of /sup 133/Xe and /sup 135/Xe have been computed and compared with theoretical values since they have the same high spin state J = 11/2/sup -/ and low spin ground state J = 3/2/sup +/. The influence of the shell effect on the fission isomeric yield ratio is discussed. From the measured independent yield of Xe isotopes plus the reported data, the Xe-isotopic distribution curve has been constructed. The curve is compared with the isotopic distribution curves of Xe isotopes formed in 11.5 GeV proton interactions with /sup 238/U and Cs isotopes formed in 24 GeV proton interactions with /sup 238/U. Upon fitting the yield curves we find that only those products with N/Z> or =1.48 fit a curve typical of a binarymore » fission process.« less

title: A past capture event at Sagittarius A* inferred from the fluorescent X-ray emission of Sagittarius B clouds
abstract: The fluorescent X-ray emission from neutral iron in the molecular clouds [Sagittarius (Sgr) B] indicates that the clouds are being irradiated by an external X-ray source. The source is probably associated with the Galactic central black hole (Sgr A*), which triggered a bright outburst 100 yr ago. We suggest that such an outburst could be due to a partial capture of a star by Sgr A*, during which a jet was generated. Using constraints from the observed flux and the time variability (∼10 yr) of the Sgr B fluorescent emission, we find that the shock produced by the interaction of the jet with the dense interstellar medium represents a plausible candidate for the X-ray source emission.

title: Effect of a strong magnetic field on the surface electric field of strange stars
abstract: We made a detailed study of the properties of the electron layer near the quark surface of strange stars with strong (${\sim}10^{14}{-}10^{17}$ G) magnetic fields. The electrostatic potential and the electric field at the quark surface were calculated as functions of the magnetic field intensity of bare strange stars. Using an ultrastrong ($B\geq 2.5\times10^{16}$ G) magnetic field, we found that the distribution of electrons becomes an exponential function of radial distance, which is quite different in a magnetic field-free case. We also calculated the variation in gap width between the strange core and the normal nuclear crust for strange stars, which is due to magnetic field effect.

title: Preliminary study of the K N interaction in a chiral constituent quark model
abstract: A preliminary investigation of $\overline{K}N$ interaction is performed within a chiral constituent quark model by solving the resonating group method (RGM) equation. The model parameters are taken from our previous work, which gave a satisfactory description of the $S$-, $P$-, $D$-, $F$-wave $\mathit{KN}$ scattering phase shifts. The channel-coupling between $\overline{K}N,\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ and $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$ is considered, and the scattering phase shifts as well as the bound-state problem of $\overline{K}N$ are dynamically studied. The results show that the $S$-wave $\overline{K}N$ interaction in the isospin $I=0$ channel is attractive, and in the extended chiral SU(3) quark model such an attraction can make for a $\overline{K}N$ bound state, which appears as a $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$ resonance in the coupled-channel calculation, while the chiral SU(3) quark model cannot accommodate the existence of a $\overline{K}N$ bound state. It seems that the vector meson exchanges are necessary to be introduced in the quark-quark interactions if one tries to explain the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}(1405)$ as a $\overline{K}N$ bound state or a $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$-$\overline{K}N$ resonance state.

title: A statistical classification of the unassociated gamma-ray sources in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog
abstract: With the assistance of the identified/associated sources in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog, we analyze and resolve the spatial distribution and the distributions of the gamma-ray spectral and variability indices of the remaining 575 unassociated Fermi LAT sources. Consequently, it is suggested that the unassociated sources could statistically consist of Galactic supernova remnants/pulsar wind nebulae, BL Lacertae objects, flat spectrum radio quasars and other types of active galaxies with fractions of 25%, 29%, 41% and 5%, respectively.

title: THE EFFECTIVE TWO MESON EXCHANGE POTENTIAL DERIVED FROM THE QUARK - ANTI-QUARK PAIR CREATION MODEL. (IN CHINESE)

title: Coupled-channels study of Lambda K and Sigma K states in the chiral SU(3) quark model
abstract: The S-wave $\ensuremath{\Lambda}K$ and $\ensuremath{\Sigma}K$ states with isospin $I=1/2$ are dynamically investigated within the framework of the chiral SU(3) quark model by solving a resonating group method equation. The model parameters are taken from our previous work, which gave a good description of the energies of the baryon ground states, the binding energy of the deuteron, and the experimental data of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) and nucleon-hyperon (NY) scattering. Assumed not to give important contributions in the scattering processes, the s-channel quark-antiquark ($q\overline{q}$) annihilation interactions are not included as a first step. The results show a strong attraction between \ensuremath{\Sigma} and K, which consequently results in a $\ensuremath{\Sigma}K$ quasibound state with about 17-MeV binding energy, unlike the case of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}K$, which is unbound. When the channel coupling of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}K$ and $\ensuremath{\Sigma}K$ is considered, a sharp resonance state near 1670 MeV with spin-parity ${J}^{P}=1/{2}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is found. The narrow gap of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}K$ and $\ensuremath{\Sigma}K$ thresholds, the strong attraction between \ensuremath{\Sigma} and K, and the sizable off-diagonal matrix elements of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}K$ and $\ensuremath{\Sigma}K$ are responsible for the appearance of this resonance.

title: ONE BOSON EXCHANGE N-N, N-DELTA AND DELTA-DELTA INTERACTION FROM QUARK POTENTIAL MODEL

title: Dibaryon systems in chiral SU(3) quark model
abstract: The possible candidates of S-wave dibaryons with various strange numbers are studied under the chiral SU(3) quark model. It is shown that there are three types of baryon-baryon bound states. The states of the first type are called deuteron-like states. If chiral fields can provide enough attraction between interacting baryons, these systems, such as [Xi Omega - Xi*Omega]((1,1/2)), [Xi Xi]((0,1)), [N Omega]((2,1/2)) would be weakly bound. The states of the second type such as [Sigma*Delta]((0,5/2)), [Sigma*Delta]((3,1/2)), [Delta Delta](0,3) and [Delta Delta]((3,0)) are named as Delta Delta -like states. Due to the highly symmetric character in orbital space, these systems could be relatively deeply bound, but the strong decay modes of composed baryons cause the widths of the states much broader. The states of the third type are entitled as Omega Omega -like states. Due to the same symmetry character shown in the systems of the second type and the only weak decay mode of composed baryons, for instance in [Omega Omega](0,0), or at most one strong decay mode of composed baryons, for example in [Xi*Omega]((0,1/2)), these states are deeply bound states with narrow widths. The states of latter two types are most interesting new dibaryon states and should be carefully investigated both theoretically and experimentally.

title: THE SHORT RANGE MECHANISM OF N-N INTERACTION IN THE EXTENDED CHIRAL SU(3) QUARK MODEL
abstract: We give the comparisons between the chiral SU(3) quark model and the extended chiral SU(3) quark model. The results show that the phase shifts of NN scattering are very similar. However, the short range mechanisms of nucleon-nucleon interaction are totally different. In the chiral SU(3) quark model, the short range interaction is dominantly from OGE, and in the extended chiral SU(3) quark model, it is dominantly from vector meson exchanges.