Testing the consistency of Gamma Ray Burst data-set and Supernovae Union2
In this paper, we test the consistency of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) Data-set and Supernovae Union2 (SNU2) via the so-called multi-dimensional consistency test under the assumption that ΛCDM model is a potentially correct cosmological model. We find that the probes are inconsistent with 1.456σ and 85.47% in terms of probability. With this observation, it is concluded that GRBs can be combined with SNU2 to constrain cosmological models.

title: Current observational constraints to the holographic dark energy model with a new infrared cutoff via the Markov chain Monte Carlo method
abstract: In this paper, the holographic dark energy models with the new infrared cutoff for both the flat case and the nonflat case are confronted with the combined constraints of current cosmological observations: type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, current cosmic microwave background, and the observational Hubble data. By utilizing the Markov chain Monte Carlo method, we obtain the best fit values of the parameters with $1\ensuremath{\sigma}$, $2\ensuremath{\sigma}$ errors in the flat model: ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{b}{h}^{2}={0.0233}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0009\ensuremath{-}0.0014}^{+0.0009+0.0013}$, $\ensuremath{\alpha}={0.8502}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0875\ensuremath{-}0.1064}^{+0.0984+0.1299}$, $\ensuremath{\beta}={0.4817}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0773\ensuremath{-}0.0955}^{+0.0842+0.1176}$, ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{\mathrm{de}0}={0.7287}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0294\ensuremath{-}0.0429}^{+0.0296+0.0432}$, ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{m0}={0.2713}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0296\ensuremath{-}0.0432}^{+0.0294+0.0429}$, ${H}_{0}={66.35}_{\ensuremath{-}2.14\ensuremath{-}3.07}^{+2.38+3.35}$. In the nonflat model, the constraint results are found in $1\ensuremath{\sigma}$, $2\ensuremath{\sigma}$ regions: ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{b}{h}^{2}={0.0228}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0010\ensuremath{-}0.0014}^{+0.0010+0.0014}$, ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{k}={0.0305}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0134\ensuremath{-}0.0176}^{+0.0092+0.0140}$, $\ensuremath{\alpha}={0.8824}_{\ensuremath{-}0.1163\ensuremath{-}0.1378}^{+0.2180+0.2213}$, $\ensuremath{\beta}={0.5016}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0871\ensuremath{-}0.1102}^{+0.0973+0.1247}$, ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{\mathrm{de}0}={0.6934}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0304\ensuremath{-}0.0413}^{+0.0364+0.0495}$, ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{m0}={0.2762}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0302\ensuremath{-}0.0412}^{+0.0278+0.0402}$, ${H}_{0}={70.20}_{\ensuremath{-}3.17\ensuremath{-}4.00}^{+3.03+3.58}$. In the best fit holographic dark energy models, the equation of state of dark energy and the deceleration parameter at present are characterized by ${w}_{\mathrm{de}0}=\ensuremath{-}1.1414\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0608$, ${q}_{0}=\ensuremath{-}0.7476\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0466$ (flat case) and ${w}_{\mathrm{de}0}=\ensuremath{-}1.0653\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0661$, ${q}_{0}=\ensuremath{-}0.6231\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0569$ (nonflat case). Compared to the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\mathrm{CDM}$ model, it is found the current combined data sets do not favor the holographic dark energy model over the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\mathrm{CDM}$ model.

title: Reconstructing dark energy potentials from parameterized deceleration parameters
abstract: In this paper, the properties of dark energy are investigated according to the parameterized deceleration parameter q(z), which is used to describe the extent of the accelerating expansion of the universe. The potential of dark energy V() and the cosmological parameters, such as the dimensionless energy density ωo, Ωm, and the state parameter w, are connected to it. Concretely, by giving two kinds of parameterized deceleration parameters q(z) = a + bz/(1 + z) and q(z) = 1/2 + (az + b)/(1 + z)2, the evolution of these parameters and the reconstructed potentials V() are plotted and analysed. It is found that the potentials run away with the evolution of universe.

title: DIMENSION EMERGENCE, HOLOGRAPHY AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
abstract: In this paper, we try to give an alternative interpretation of the holography principle. We argue that the space or time may be regarded as emerging from quantum mechanics as an evolutive parameter. The lower D-dimensional theory is related to a corresponding (D+1)-theory by a mysterious quantum system. Then from the higher-dimensional theory, under a new dimension reduction mechanism we obtain the corresponding results. We also try to incorporate the gauge field into the reduction, roughly identifying Aμ with Nμ which is the shift vector in the ADM-like decomposition of space–time metric. In the end, we extend to the gravitational field, and obtain a relation $\tilde{M}^3 = \kappa M_{\rm Pl}^2$ with a cutoff factor κ, from a different view.

title: GEM technical design report

title: Revisiting generalized Chaplygin gas as a unified dark matter and dark energy model
abstract: In this paper, we revisit the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model as a unified dark matter and dark energy model. The energy density of GCG model is given as ρGCG/ρGCG0=[Bs+(1−Bs)a−3(1+α)]1/(1+α), where α and Bs are two model parameters which will be constrained by type Ia supernova as standard candles, baryon acoustic oscillation as standard rulers and the seventh year full WMAP data points. In this paper, we will not separate GCG into dark matter and dark energy parts any more as adopted in the literature. By using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we find the results $\alpha=0.00126_{-0.00126- 0.00126}^{+ 0.000970+ 0.00268}$ and $B_{s}= 0.775_{-0.0161- 0.0338}^{+ 0.0161+ 0.0307}$.

title: Search for the invisible decay of neutrons with KamLAND.
abstract: The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector is used in a search for single neutron or two-neutron intranuclear disappearance that would produce holes in the -shell energy level of (12)C nuclei. Such holes could be created as a result of nucleon decay into invisible modes (inv), e.g., n--> 3v or nn--> 2v. The deexcitation of the corresponding daughter nucleus results in a sequence of space and time-correlated events observable in the liquid scintillator detector. We report on new limits for one- and two-neutron disappearance: tau(n--> inv) > 5.8 x 10(29) years and tau (nn--> inv) > 1.4 x 10(30) years at 90% C.L. These results represent an improvement of factors of approximately 3 and >10(4) and over previous experiments.

title: Model-Independent Distance Measurements from Gamma-Ray Bursts and Constraints on Dark Energy
abstract: Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) are the most energetic events in the Universe and provide a complementary probe of dark energy by allowing the measurement of cosmic expansion history that extends to redshifts greater than 6. Unlike type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), GRBs must be calibrated for each cosmological model considered, because of the lack of a nearby sample of GRBs for model-independent calibration. For a flat universe with a cosmological constant, we find {omega}{sub m}=0.25{sub -0.11}{sup +0.12} from 69 GRBs alone. We show that the current GRB data can be summarized by a set of model-independent distance measurements, with negligible loss of information. We constrain a dark energy equation of state linear in the cosmic scale factor using these distance measurements from GRBs, together with the ''Union'' compilation of SNe Ia, WMAP five-year observations, and the SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) baryon acoustic oscillation scale measurement. We find that a cosmological constant is consistent with current data at 68% confidence level for a flat universe. Our results provide a simple and robust method to incorporate GRB data in a joint analysis of cosmological data to constrain dark energy.

title: A low temperature expansion for matrix quantum mechanics
abstract: A bstractWe analyze solutions to loop-truncated Schwinger-Dyson equations in massless N=2$$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$ and N=4$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ Wess-Zumino matrix quantum mechanics at finite temperature, where conventional perturbation theory breaks down due to IR divergences. We find a rather intricate low temperature expansion that involves fractional power scaling in the temperature, based on a consistent “soft collinear” approximation. We conjecture that at least in the N=4$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ matrix quantum mechanics, such scaling behavior holds to all perturbative orders in the 1/N expansion. We discuss some preliminary results in analyzing the gauged supersymmetric quantum mechanics using Schwinger-Dyson equations, and comment on the connection to metastable microstates of black holes in the holographic dual of BFSS matrix quantum mechanics.

title: Backward emission of protons in Au+Au collisions at 11.7 A.GeV/c
abstract: We present preliminary results for the emission of target rapidity protons in minimum bias and central 11.7 A.GeV/c Au+Au collisions. The data span the pseudo-rapidity range {vert_bar}{eta}{vert_bar} {le} 0.76 and proton kinetic energy range of 50 {le} E {le} 200 MeV. The slopes of the kinetic energy spectra and dN/d{eta} values for central and minimum bias collisions are strikingly similar. Comparison of the results to results for Si+Au and p+A shows that the shape of the dN/d{eta} distribution is independent of the reaction system or centrality suggesting that the spectator matter does not play a decisive role in determining the shape of the proton distributions at back angles for these systems at AGS energies.

title: The jet-disk symbiosis model for gamma ray bursts: cosmic ray and neutrino background contribution
abstract: The relation between the cosmological evolution of the jet-disk symbiosis model for GRBs and the cosmic rays energy distribution is presented. We used two different Star Formation Rates (SFR) as a function of redshift and a Luminosity Function (LF) distribution to obtain the distribution in fluence of GRBs in our model and compare it with the data. We show a good agreement between the fluence distribution we obtain and the corrected data for the 4B BATSE catalogue. The results we obtain are generally valid for models that use jet physics to explain GRB properties.