Neutrino interactions: experiments
The new generation of oscillation neutrino experiments require more and more precise measurements of the properties of neutrino interactions with matter. This article summarizes the list of future measurements and describes future neutrino interaction experiments.

title: Mass limit for the lightest neutralino
abstract: AbstractIndirect limits on the mass of the lightest neutralino are derived from the results of searches for charginos, neutralinos, and sleptons performed with data taken by the ALEPH Collaboration at centre-of-mass energies near the Z peak and at 130 and 136 GeV. Within the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and when
$$M_{\tilde \nu } \geqslant 200 GeV/c^2 $$
, the boundMx> 12.8 GeV/c2 at the 95% confidence level applies for any tanβ. The impact of lighter sneutrinos is presented in the framework of SUSY grand unified theories; a massless neutralino is allowed only for a narrow range of tanβ,μ, and the scalar mass parameterm0. Finally, by including Higgs mass constraints and requiring that radiative electroweak symmetry breaking occur, more stringent bounds onMx as a function of tanβ are derived.

title: Improved measurement of the $\bar{B}^0$ and $B^{-}$ meson lifetimes

title: Measurement of triple gauge-boson couplings at 172 GeV
abstract: The triple gauge-boson couplings, αWΦ, αW and αBΦ, have been measured using 34 semileptonically and 54 hadronically decaying W+W− candidate events. The events were selected in the data recorded during 1996 with the ALEPH detector at 172 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 10.65 pb−1. The triple gauge-boson couplings have been measured using optimal observables constructed from kinematic information of W+W− events. The results are in agreement with the Standard Model expectation.

title: Search for neutrino-induced charged current coherent pion production with carbon in a 1.3 GeV wide band muon neutrino beam
abstract: The search for charged-current coherent pion production induced by neutrinos with a mean energy of 1.3 GeV is discussed. The data are collected with a fully active scintillator detector in the K2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. No evidence for coherent pion production is observed and an upper limit of 0.60 × 10−2 is set on the cross section ratio of coherent pion production to the total charged current interaction at the 90% confidence level.

title: Architecture of the HERA-B data acquisition system
abstract: The HERA-B experiment was dedicated for the measurement of CP-violation in decays of neutral B-mesons and for investigating the physics of charmed particles. One of the experimental requirements is a highly selective on-line filtering of data due to high interaction rates and a low signal-to-background ratio. This demands a hierarchical trigger and a high bandwidth data acquisition system. The challenge for the DAQ system is a readout free of deadtime, which requires an unprecedent speed of storing and processing the data. In this paper we will outline the general architecture and hardware implementation of the HERA-B DAQ.

title: Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos at the Pierre Auger Observatory
abstract: The observation of ultrahigh energy neutrinos (UHE nu s) has become a priority in experimental astroparticle physics. UHE nu s can be detected with a variety of techniques. In particular, neutrinos can interact in the atmosphere (downward-going nu) or in the Earth crust (Earth-skimming nu), producing air showers that can be observed with arrays of detectors at the ground. With the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect these types of cascades. The distinguishing signature for neutrino events is the presence of very inclined showers produced close to the ground (i.e., after having traversed a large amount of atmosphere). In this work we review the procedure and criteria established to search for UHE nu s in the data collected with the ground array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. This includes Earth-skimming as well as downward-going neutrinos. No neutrino candidates have been found, which allows us to place competitive limits to the diffuse flux of UHE nu s in the EeV range and above.

title: Precise measurement of the radial baryon acoustic oscillation scales in galaxy redshift surveys
abstract: In this paper we present a new method to extract cosmological parameters using the radial scale of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations as a standard ruler in deep galaxy surveys. The method consists in an empirical parametrization of the radial 2-point correlation function, which provides a robust and precise extraction of the sound horizon scale. Moreover, it uses data from galaxy surveys in a manner that is fully cosmology independent and therefore, unbiased. A study of the main systematic errors and the validation of the method in cosmological simulations are also presented, showing that the measurement is limited only by cosmic variance. We then study the full information contained in the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, obtaining that the combination of the radial and angular determinations of this scale is a very sensitive probe of cosmological parameters, able to set strong constraints on the dark energy properties, even without combining it with any other probe.

title: Star Formation and Molecular Gas in AGN
abstract: We present initial results from a survey of nearby AGN using the near infrared adaptive optics integral field spectrograph SINFONI. These data enable us to probe the distribution and kinematics of the gas and stars at spatial resolutions as small as 0.085arcsec, corresponding in some cases to less than 10pc. In this contribution we present results concerning (1) the molecular gas in the nucleus of NGC1068 and its relation to the obscuring torus; and (2) the stars which exist on spatial scales of a few tens of parsecs around the AGN, the evidence for their remarkably young age and extreme intensities, and their relation to the AGN.

title: The Impact of Nuclear Star Formation on Gas Inflow to AGN
abstract: Our adaptive optics observations of nearby AGN at spatial resolutions as small as 0.085arcsec show strong evidence for recent, but no longer active, nuclear star formation. We begin by describing observations that highlight two contrasting methods by which gas can flow into the central tens of parsecs. Gas accumulation in this region will inevitably lead to a starburst, and we discuss the evidence for such events. We then turn to the impact of stellar evolution on the further inflow of gas by combining a phenomenological approach with analytical modelling and hydrodynamic simulations. These complementary perspectives paint a picture in which all the processes are ultimately regulated by the mass accretion rate into the central hundred parsecs, and the ensuing starburst that occurs there. The resulting supernovae delay accretion by generating a starburst wind, which leaves behind a clumpy interstellar medium. This provides an ideal environment for slower stellar outflows to accrete inwards and form a dense turbulent disk on scales of a few parsecs. Such a scenario may resolve the discrepancy between the larger scale structure seen with adaptive optics and the small scale structure seen with VLTI.

title: SINFONI’s take on Star Formation, Molecular Gas, and Black Hole Masses in AGN
abstract: We present some preliminary (half-way) results on our adaptive optics spectroscopic survey of AGN at spatial scales down to 0.085”. Most of the data were obtained with SINFONI which provides integral field capability at a spectral resolution of R ∼ 4000. The themes on which we focus in this contribution are: star formation around the AGN, the properties of the molecular gas and its relation to the torus, and the mass of the black hole.