Underground water Cherenkov muon detector array with the Tibet air shower array for gamma-ray astronomy in the 100 TeV region
We propose to build a large water-Cherenkov-type muon-detector array (Tibet MD array) around the 37 000 m2 Tibet air shower array (Tibet AS array) already constructed at 4300 m above sea level in Tibet, China. Each muon detector is a waterproof concrete pool, 6 m wide × 6 m long × 1.5 m deep in size, equipped with a 20 inch-in-diameter PMT. The Tibet MD array consists of 240 muon detectors set up 2.5 m underground. Its total effective area will be 8640 m2 for muon detection. The Tibet MD array will significantly improve gamma-ray sensitivity of the Tibet AS array in the 100 TeV region (10–1000 TeV) by means of gamma/hadron separation based on counting the number of muons accompanying an air shower. The Tibet AS+MD array will have the sensitivity to gamma rays in the 100 TeV region by an order of magnitude better than any other previous existing detectors in the world.

title: An upper limit on cosmic-ray anti-p/p flux ratio estimated by the moon's shadow with the TIBET III air shower array
abstract: The Tibet ASγ Collaboration M. Amenomori, S. Ayabe, S.W. Cui, Danzengluobu, L.K. Ding, X.H. Ding, C.F. Feng, Z.Y. Feng, X.Y. Gao, Q.X. Geng, H.W. Guo, H.H. He, M. He, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, Haibing Hu, H.B. Hu, J. Huang, Q. Huang, H.Y. Jia, F. Kajino, K. Kasahara, Y. Katayose, K. Kawata, T. Kido, Labaciren, G.M. Le, J.Y. Li, H. Lu, S.L. Lu, X.R. Meng, K. Mizutani,  Ouchi, S. Ozawa, J.R. Ren, T. Saito, M. Sakata, T. Sasaki, M. Shibata, A. Shiomi, T. Shirai, H. Sugimoto, K. Taira, M. Takita, Y.H. Tan, N. Tateyama, S. Torii, H. Tsuchiya, S. Udo, T. Utsugi, B.S. Wang, H. Wang, X. Wang, Y.G. Wang, L. Xue, Y. Yamamoto, X.C. Yang, Z.H. Ye, G.C. Yu, A.F. Yuan, T. Yuda, H.M. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, N.J. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, and X.X. Zhou (1) Dept. of Phys.,  Japan (2) Dept. of Phys., Saitama Univ., Saitama, Japan (3) IHEP, CAS, Beijing, China (4) Dept. of Math. and Phys.,  Lhasa, China (5) Dept. of Phys., Shandong Univ., Jinan, China (6) Inst.  Dept. of Phys., Yunnan Univ., Kunming, China (8) Faculty of Eng., Kanagawa Univ., Yokohama, Japan (9) Faculty of Ed., Utsunomiya Univ., Utsunomiya, Japan (10) Dept. of Phys.,  Faculty of Systems Eng., Shibaura Inst. of Technology, Saitama, Japan (12) Dept. of Phys., Yokohama  Japan (13) ICRR, Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan (14) CSSAR, CAS, Beijing, China (15) NII, Tokyo, Japan (16) Tokyo Metropolitan Coll. of Aeronautical Eng., Tokyo, Japan (17) Shonan Inst. of Technology, Fujisawa, Japan

title: Primary proton spectrum in the knee region observed by the Tibet hybrid experiment
abstract: Proton spectrum in the knee region is obtained from the Tibet hybrid experiment consisting of the emulsion chambers and the Tibet II air shower array. The proton spectrum in the energy range > 10 15 eV shows the steepening of spectrum with power index -3.14±0.10 being 3.9σ deviation from that of direct observations below a few hundred TeV. Another estimate using a proton dominant chemical composition model also results in power index of -3.06±0.09 being 3.6σ

title: Expected Event Rate of Subhundred-GeV Gamma Ray Bursts using the Tibet-III Air Shower Array with Single Particle Counting Technique
abstract: We calculate the expected event rate of subhundred-GeV gamma-ray bursts using the Tibet-III air shower array with single particle counting technique. The calculation is done under reasonable assumptions that the attenuation effect of gamma rays in the intergalactic space as well as the distributions of redshift, luminosity and emission time of GRBs.

title: Analysis of Emulsion Chambers in Tibet Hybrid Experi- ment Using the Image Scanner
abstract: A hybrid experiment consisting of emulsion chambers and an air shower array was carried out by the Tibet ASγ collaboration to investigate primary proton spectrum in the knee region. A new method of automatic analysis of emulsion chamber using the image scanner was developed and applied to this experiment. In this paper, the result of analysis on emulsion chamber part in hybrid experiment is presented. It is shown sufficiently high efficiency of the γfamily detection is realized by automatic analysis both in energy and geometrical resolutions. 1.  Emulsion chamber is a powerful detector for γ-rays in TeV region with high spacial and energy resolution. The Tibet ASγ collaboration [2],[3] used it with combination of burst detectors and an air shower array for the purpose of measuring the energy flow characteristics of the air shower core in investigating the proton spectrum in the knee region. The total number of X-ray films of size 40 cm × 50 cm used for 3 years experiment with area of 80 m 2 amounts to 7200 sheets. It is a huge work to analyze them by traditional method where each

title: Observation of Multi-TeV Gamma Rays from Mrk 421 and Search for Other BL Lac Objects with the Tibet-III Air Shower Array The Tibet

title: Study of a prototype water Cherenkov detector for the Daya Bay neutrino experiment
abstract: The Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is designed to precisely measure the neutrino mixing angle theta(13). The anti-neutrino detectors are shielded by highly purified water against radioactivity and spallation neutrons from surrounding rocks. The water also serves as a Cherenkov detector to tag cosmic-ray muons, which induce main backgrounds. In order to study water purification and details of the detector response, a prototype water Cherenkov detector is constructed at the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing. The detector is divided by Tyvek into two sections and viewed by two 8 in. photomultipliers. Cosmic-ray muons are used for detector response studies and a Monte Carlo simulation based on the Geant4 package shows good agreement with the experimental data.

title: Readout electronics of the ALICE photon spectrometer
abstract: The photon spectrometer (PHOS) in the ALICE experiment at LHC is a PbWO4 crystal based electromagnetic calorimeter, dedicated to measuring photons, π°'s and η's over a broad pT range from about 100 MeV/c to 100 GeV/c with the best possible energy and position resolution. The front-end electronics of the PHOS is thus required to cover a large dynamic range, to achieve a timing resolution better than ~ 2 ns in order to discriminate against 1-2 GeV/c (anti-)neutrons, and to provide high pT trigger to select rare high pT events. In this paper, we present the full PHOS readout system, including the avalanche photo-diode, the low noise charge sensitive preamplifier, the 32 channel front-end electronics card, the trigger region unit and the trigger OR module. Results from PHOS commissioning with beam particles and cosmic rays will also be presented to address the performance of the PHOS readout electronics.

title: A water Cherenkov calorimeter for long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments
abstract: We propose a water-based large homogeneous calorimeter as the next generation neutrino detector for ν factories and/or conventional ν beams. The Cherenkov light produced in water is sufficient to have good energy resolution, and the pattern recognition is realized by a modular water tank structure. Monte Carlo simulations show that the detector performance is excellent for identifying neutrino CC events while rejecting backgrounds.

title: Holographic p-wave Josephson junction
abstract: In this work we generalized holographic model for s-wave DC Josephson junction constructed in arXiv:1101.3326[hep-th] to a holographic description for p-wave Josephson junction. By solving numerically the coupled equations of motion of Yang-Mills theory for a non-Abelian SU(2) gauge fields in (3+1)-dimensional AdS spacetimes, we shown that DC current of the p-wave Josephson junction is proportional to the sine of the phase difference across the junction like the s-wave case.

title: THE FIRST LIMITS ON THE ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY NEUTRINO FLUENCE FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS
abstract: We set the first limits on the ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino fluence at energies greater than 10{sup 9} GeV from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) based on data from the second flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA). During the 31 day flight of ANITA-II, 26 GRBs were recorded by Swift or Fermi. Of these, we analyzed the 12 GRBs which occurred during quiet periods when the payload was away from anthropogenic activity. In a blind analysis, we observe 0 events on a total background of 0.0044 events in the combined prompt window for all 12 low-background bursts. We also observe 0 events from the remaining 14 bursts. We place a 90% confidence level limit on the E{sup -4} prompt neutrino fluence between 10{sup 8} GeV < E < 10{sup 12} GeV of E{sup 4}{Phi} = 2.5 x 10{sup 17} GeV{sup 3} cm{sup -2} from GRB090107A. This is the first reported limit on the UHE neutrino fluence from GRBs above 10{sup 9} GeV, and the strongest limit above 10{sup 8} GeV.