A stochastic measure for eternal inflation
We use the stochastic approach to investigate a measure for slow roll eternal inflation. The probability for the universe to have a given Hubble radius can be calculated in this framework. In a solvable model, it is shown that the probability for the universe to evolve from a state with a smaller Hubble radius to one with a larger Hubble radius is dominated by the classical probability without the stochastic source, while the probability for the universe to evolve from a state with a larger Hubble radius to one with a smaller one is suppressed by exp(-Delta S), where the de Sitter entropy S arises naturally in this stochastic approach.

title: Quasi-Single Field Inflation and Non-Gaussianities
abstract: In quasi-single field inflation models, massive isocurvature modes, that are coupled to the inflaton and have mass of order the Hubble parameter, can have nontrivial impacts on density perturbations, especially non-Gaussianities. We study a simple example of quasi-single field inflation in terms of turning inflaton trajectory. Large bispectra with a one-parameter family of novel shapes arise, lying between the well-known local and equilateral shape. The trispectra can also be very large and its magnitude tNL can be much larger than fNL2.

title: Curvaton dynamics and the non-linearity parameters in the curvaton model
abstract: We investigate the curvaton dynamics and the non-linearity parameters in the curvaton model with a potential slightly deviating from the quadratic form in detail. The non-linearity parameter gNL will show up due to the curvaton self-interaction. We also point out that the leading order of the non-quadratic term in the curvaton potential can be negative, for example in the axion-type curvaton model. If a large positive gNL is detected, the axion-type curvaton model will be preferred.

title: Quadra-Spectrum and Quint-Spectrum from Inflation and Curvaton Models
abstract: We calculate the quadra-spectrum and quint-spectrum, corresponding to five and six point correlation functions of the curvature perturbation. For single field inflation with standard kinetic term, the quadra-spectrum and quint-spectrum are small, which are suppressed by slow roll parameters. The calculation can be generalized to multiple fields. When there is no entropy perturbation, the quadra-spectrum and quint-spectrum are suppressed as well. With the presence of entropy perturbation, the quadra-spectrum and quint-spectrum can get boosted. We illustrate this boost in the multi-brid inflation model. For the curvaton scenario, the quadra-spectrum and quint-spectrum are also large in the small r limit. We also calculate representative terms of quadra-spectrum and quint-spectrum for inflation with generalized kinetic terms, and estimate their order of magnitude for quasi-single field inflation.

title: Non-Gaussianity, isocurvature perturbation, gravitational waves, and a no-go theorem for the isocurvaton
abstract: We investigate the isocurvaton model, in which the isocurvature perturbation plays a role in suppressing the curvature perturbation, and large non-Gaussianity and gravitational waves can be produced with no isocurvature perturbation for dark matter. We show that in the slow-roll noninteracting multifield theory, the isocurvaton mechanism cannot be realized. This result can also be generalized to most of the studied models with generalized kinetic terms. We also study the implications for the curvaton model. We show that there is a combined constraint for curvaton on non-Gaussianity, gravitational waves, and isocurvature perturbation. The technique used in this paper can also help to simplify some calculations in the mixed inflaton and curvaton models. We also investigate the possibility of producing large negative non-Gaussianity and nonlocal non-Gaussianity in the curvaton model.

title: CMB statistical anisotropies of classical and quantum origins
abstract: We examine the impact of different anisotropic relics on inflation, in particular the predictions on the density perturbations. These relics can be the source of the large scale anomalies in the cosmic microwave background. There are two different types of background relics, one from the matter sector and the other purely from the metric. Although the angular-dependence of the statistical anisotropy in both cases are degenerate, the scale-dependence are observationally distinctive. In addition, we demonstrate that non-Bunch-Davies vacuum states can extend the statistical anisotropy to much shorter scales, and leave a scale-dependence that is insensitive to the different backgrounds but sensitive to the initial quantum state.

title: Constraints on flavor-changing neutral-current $Htq$ couplings from the signal of $tH$ associated production with QCD next-to-leading order accuracy at the LHC
abstract: We study a generic Higgs boson and a top quark associated production via model-independent flavor-changing neutral-current couplings at the LHC, including complete QCD next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the production and decay of the top quark and the Higgs boson. We find that QCD NLO corrections can increase the total production cross sections by about 48.9% and 57.9% for the Htu and Htc coupling induced processes at the LHC, respectively. After kinematic cuts are imposed on the decay products of the top quark and the Higgs boson, the QCD NLO corrections are reduced to 11% for the Htu coupling induced process and almost vanish for the Htc coupling induced process. Moreover, QCD NLO corrections reduce the dependence of the total cross sections on the renormalization and factorization scales. We also discuss signals of the

title: A GEANT4-based simulation model for the BESIII endcap time-of-flight system
abstract: A GEANT4-based full Monte-Carlo model is developed to simulate the performance of the endcap time-of-flight (TOF) system of the BESIII detector with high accuracy and sufficient speed. Experimental data of e(+)e(-) collisions collected at BESIII are used to test this model, which can also be applied to other cases for precisely simulating optical photons propagating in scintillators with an irregular geometry.

title: Cosmological constraints on the generalized holographic dark energy
abstract: We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to investigate global constraints on the generalized holographic (GH) dark energy with flat and non-flat universe from the current observed data: the Union2 dataset of type supernovae Ia (SNIa), high-redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), the observational Hubble data (OHD), the cluster X-ray gas mass fraction, the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. The most stringent constraints on the GH model parameter are obtained. In addition, it is found that the equation of state for this generalized holographic dark energy can cross over the phantom boundary wde=−1.

title: THE INFLUENCE OF NET QUARKS ON YIELDS AND RAPIDITY SPECTRA OF IDENTIFIED HADRONS
abstract: Within a quark combination model, we study systematically the yields and rapidity spectra of various hadrons in central Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 200\ {\rm GeV}$. We find that considering the difference in rapidity between net quarks and newborn quarks, the data of multiplicities, rapidity distributions for π±, K±, $p(\bar{p})$ and, in particular, the ratios of charged antihadron to hadron as a function of rapidity, can be well described. The effects of net quarks on various hadrons are analyzed, and the rapidity distributions for $K^{0}_{s}$, $\Lambda(\bar{\Lambda})$, $\Sigma^{+}(\bar{\Sigma}{}^{-})$, $\Xi^{-}(\bar{\Xi}^{+})$ and $\Omega^{-}(\bar{\Omega}^{+})$ are predicted. We discuss the rapidity distribution of net baryons, and find that it reflects exactly the energy loss of colliding nuclei.

title: Emergence of Cosmic Space and the Generalized Holographic Equipartition
abstract: Recently, a novel idea about our expanding Universe was proposed by T. Padmanabhan . He suggested that the expansion of our Universe can be thought of as the emergence of space as cosmic time progresses. The emergence is governed by the basic relation that the increase rate of Hubble volume is linearly determined by the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on the horizon surface and the one in the bulk. In this paper, following this idea, we generalize the basic relation to derive the Friedmann equations of an (n + 1)-dimensional Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe corresponding to general relativity, Gauss-Bonnet gravity, and Lovelock gravity.