Spectrum of the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray emission derived from first-year Fermi Large Area Telescope data.
We report on the first Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) measurements of the so-called "extragalactic" diffuse gamma-ray emission (EGB). This component of the diffuse gamma-ray emission is generally considered to have an isotropic or nearly isotropic distribution on the sky with diverse contributions discussed in the literature. The derivation of the EGB is based on detailed modeling of the bright foreground diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission, the detected LAT sources, and the solar gamma-ray emission. We find the spectrum of the EGB is consistent with a power law with a differential spectral index gamma = 2.41 +/- 0.05 and intensity I(>100 MeV) = (1.03 +/- 0.17) x 10(-5) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1), where the error is systematics dominated. Our EGB spectrum is featureless, less intense, and softer than that derived from EGRET data.

title: RADIO AND γ-RAY CONSTRAINTS ON THE EMISSION GEOMETRY AND BIRTHPLACE OF PSR J2043+2740
abstract: We report on the first year of Fermi gamma-ray observations of pulsed high-energy emission from the old PSR J2043+2740. The study of the gamma-ray efficiency of such old pulsars gives us an insight into the evolution of pulsars' ability to emit in gammma rays as they age. The gamma-ray lightcurve of this pulsar above 0.1 GeV is clearly defined by two sharp peaks, 0.353+/-0.035 periods apart. We have combined the gamma-ray profile characteristics of PSR J2043+2740 with the geometrical properties of the pulsar's radio emission, derived from radio polarization data, and constrained the pulsar-beam geometry in the framework of a Two Pole Caustic and an Outer Gap model. The ranges of magnetic inclination and viewing angle were determined to be {alpha,zeta}~{52-57,61-68} for the Two Pole Caustic model, and {alpha,zeta}~{62-73,74-81} and {alpha,zeta}~{72-83,60-75} for the Outer Gap model. Based on this geometry, we assess possible birth locations for this pulsar and derive a likely proper motion, sufficiently high to be measurable with VLBI. At a characteristic age of 1.2 Myr, PSR J2043+2740 is the third oldest of all discovered, non-recycled, gamma-ray pulsars: it is twice as old as the next oldest, PSR J0357+32, and younger only than the recently discovered PSR J1836+5925 and PSR J2055+25, both of which are at least 5 and 10 times less energetic, respectively.

title: OPERATION OF PEP IN A LOW EMITTANCE MODE
abstract: I’KI’ has I)crn IISC~ as a. source of synchrol.ron ra.diat.ion with at, 11nd~lat0r beam line operating parasitically tlurirtg particle pllysics runs at 14.5 GeV bca.m energy. ‘I’hc l)ossibi!ltlF. of using PEP in a dcdicntcrl mode for synchr0(1.011 racllat,lon have tenon considered. Since a lower bran1 r~~crgy is preferred in this cast, PEP has hcen succrssfully op~~ratctt at. 8 GeV where I.hr uricc,nplctl l~ra111 ctnittance is 27 null ratl. It is of int.erest to r~lucc this clnit.tance fnrther wit.h a tliffrrent opt,ics  strongrr horizont~al focnssing. This has I)een (lone by increasing tile horizontal heMron phase aclvauw per cell from 56” 1.0 I 00” resuIt.ing in an cmit,t,ance of about 9 1llJ1 rnd. To keep t,he strc~ngth of the sext 11p0lcs and their crV a l>eam was successfully injected and n.ccn~iiula.led. ‘I’he hol.izontal arid ~.~rtit.nl eniit tanccs were n~easllrc~tl Itsing the photon J)talll of the 58 111 long un(lulator hnnl lint- iI found to be 12.1 ant1 1 2 nnl ~,ntl. This is close to t,hr exp~ct,r~l value of 9.9 11111 ract for the SI~III of the two. The I)ealll lift, t.imr was over 30 110111.S at low cllrrcnts. Diffrrcn! mcltiods of rctliicing this emit.tancr cvcn further are invcst.iRat,e(l. Jncrcasillg tllc horizonl.al tlalnping pal.tition front .J, = rto .r, = 2 looks nlost prornisil.~g. This does uot rquirc new hardware bnl can IJ~ achieved WIllI a. s111nt1 increase of the RF-frequency of about ‘I kHz. Such au operation mode has been co~nputed ant1 tracked. The dyna.mic accrpt.ancr is very large and the expectrtl nnc~onplcd eniitt.ance is ,I.3 *11n rad at 8 (;eV.

title: Fermi-LAT Study of Gamma-ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W49B
abstract: We present an analysis of the gamma-ray data obtained with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in the direction of SNR W49B (G43.3-0.2). A bright unresolved gamma-ray source detected at a significance of 38 sigma is found to coincide with SNR W49B. The energy spectrum in the 0.2-200 GeV range gradually steepens toward high energies. The luminosity is estimated to be 1.5x10^{36} (D/8 kpc)^2 erg s^-1 in this energy range. There is no indication that the gamma-ray emission comes from a pulsar. Assuming that the SNR shell is the site of gamma-ray production, the observed spectrum can be explained either by the decay of neutral pi mesons produced through the proton-proton collisions or by electron bremsstrahlung. The calculated energy density of relativistic particles responsible for the LAT flux is estimated to be remarkably large, U_{e,p}>10^4 eV cm^-3, for either gamma-ray production mechanism.

title: Analysis Methods for Milky Way Dark Matter Satellite Detection
abstract: The Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) Large Area Telescope (LAT) Dark Matter and New Physics Working group has been developing approaches for the indirect detection of in situ annihilation of dark matter. Our work has assumed that a significant component of dark matter is a new type of Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) in the 100GeV mass range. The annihilation of two WIMPs results in the production of a large number of high energy gamma rays (>1GeV) that can be well measured by the GLAST LAT. The cold dark matter model implies a significant number of as yet unobserved dark matter satellites in our galaxy. The spectra of these galactic satellites are considerably harder than most, if not all, astrophysical sources, have an endpoint at the mass of the WIMP, and are not power laws. We describe a preliminary feasibility study for the indirect detection of dark matter satellites in the Milky Way using the GLAST LAT.

title: Gamma ray observations of the orion molecular clouds with the fermi large area telescope
abstract: We report on the gamma-ray observations of giant molecular clouds Orion A and B with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The gamma-ray emission in the energy band between ∼100 MeV and ∼100 GeV is predicted to trace the gas mass distribution in the clouds through nuclear interactions between the Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) and interstellar gas. The gamma-ray production cross-section for the nuclear interaction is known to ∼10% precision which makes the LAT a powerful tool to measure the gas mass column density distribution of molecular clouds for a known CR intensity. We present here such distributions for Orion A and B, and correlate them with those of the velocity-integrated CO intensity (WCO) at a 1◦ × 1◦ pixel level. The correlation is found to be linear over a WCO range of ∼10-fold when divided in three regions, suggesting penetration of nuclear CRs to most of the cloud volumes. The WCO-to-mass conversion factor, XCO, is found to be ∼2.3 × 1020 cm−2 (K km s−1)−1 for the high-longitude part of Orion A (l > 212◦), ∼1.7 times higher than ∼1.3 × 1020 found for the rest of Orion A and B. We interpret the apparent high XCO in the high-longitude region of Orion A in the light of recent works proposing a nonlinear relation between H2 and CO densities in the diffuse molecular gas. WCO decreases faster than the H2 column density in the region making the gas "darker" to WCO.

title: The Interference between continuum and resonance in e+ e- ---> c anti-c experiment
abstract: e+e- experiments at charmonium production threshold are reviewed, it is found that the contribution of the continuum process via virtual photon has been neglected in almost all the experiments and most channels analyzed. It is pointed out that the contribution of the continuum part may affect the final results significantly in psi(2S) and psi(3770) decays, while the interference between the continuum amplitude and the resonance amplitude may even affect the J/psi decays as well as the psi(2S) and psi(3770). This leads to the revise of the analysis of strong and electromagnetic amplitude in psi(2S) decays, including psi(2S) ->VP which is the long lasting puzzle between J/psi and psi(2S) decays. For psi(3770) physics, a large constructive interference for light hadron modes and destructive interference for DDbar could be responsible for the discrepancy between the larger cross section of inclusive hadrons by direct measurement of e+e- -> psi(3770)-> hadrons than the DDbar cross section measured using D single-tag and double-tag method.

title: High-statistics study of neutral-pion pair production in two-photon collisions
abstract: The differential cross sections for the process gamma gamma -> pi(0)pi(0) have been measured in the kinematic range 0.6 GeV < W < 4.1 GeV, vertical bar cos theta* vertical bar < 0.8 in energy and pion scattering angle, respectively, in the gamma gamma center-of-mass system. The results are based on a 223 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) collider. The differential cross sections are fitted in the energy region 1.7 GeV < W < 2.5 GeV to confirm the two-photon production of two pions in the G wave. In the higher-energy region, we observe production of the chi(c0) charmonium state and obtain the product of its two-photon decay width and branching fraction to pi(0)pi(0). We also compare the observed angular dependence and ratios of cross sections for neutral-pion and charged-pion pair production to QCD models. The energy and angular dependence above 3.1 GeV are compatible with those measured in the pi(+)pi(-) channel, and in addition we find that the cross section ratio, sigma(pi(0)pi(0))/sigma(pi(+)pi(-)), is 0.32 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.05 on average in the 3.1-4.1 GeV region.

title: A geometric factor calculation method based on the isotropic flux assumption
abstract: One of the instruments onboard the China Seismic Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) is the Low Energy Particle Detector (LEPD). The primary objective of LEPD is to provide measurements of the fluxes, energy spectra and pitch angles of 100 keV to 10 MeV electrons and protons from 2 to 50 MeV in the Earth's magnetosphere. The geometric factor is one of the principle parameters of a detector, which converts the physical quantity count rate to the particle quantity-flux. In this paper, we calculated the geometric factor of LEPD via computer modeling of an isotropic radiation environment. It was first demonstrated that the radiation intensity related should obey a cosine-law, then a general sampling method of generating this distribution via CPS of GEANT4 was explained. Furthermore, combined with flux normalization, a comparison of the geometric factor calculation of a set of 2-layer detectors with different shapes (cylinder, truncated cone and rectangle) was performed. Results show a generally good agreement between simulation and analytical calculations for the cylinder and truncated cone detectors, and the result of the rectangular one, for which there is no accurate analytical formula, is consistent with the previous simulated results by others. As a practical instance of the 2-layer rectangle detector, the geometric factor of LEPD is 10.336 +/- 0.036 cm(2).sr for 10 MeV proton and 8.211 +/- 0.032 cm(2).sr for 8 MeV electron.

title: Physics at BES-III
abstract: This physics book provides detailed discussions on important topics in $\tau$-charm physics that will be explored during the next few years at \bes3 . Both theoretical and experimental issues are covered, including extensive reviews of recent theoretical developments and experimental techniques. Among the subjects covered are: innovations in Partial Wave Analysis (PWA), theoretical and experimental techniques for Dalitz-plot analyses, analysis tools to extract absolute branching fractions and measurements of decay constants, form factors, and CP-violation and \DzDzb-oscillation parameters. Programs of QCD studies and near-threshold tau-lepton physics measurements are also discussed.

title: Wavelets and WMAP non-Gaussianity
abstract: We study the statistical properties of the first-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data on different scales using the spherical Mexican hat wavelet transform. Consistent with the 2004 results of Vielva et al., we find a deviation from Gaussianity in the form of kurtosis of wavelet coefficients on 3-4 scales in the southern Galactic hemisphere. This paper extends the work of Vielva et al. as follows: We find that the non-Gaussian signal shows up more strongly in the form of a larger than expected number of cold pixels and also in the form of scale-scale correlations among wavelet coefficients. We establish the robustness of the non-Gaussian signal under more wide-ranging assumptions regarding the Galactic mask applied to the data and the noise statistics. This signal is unlikely to be due to the usual quadratic term parameterized by the nonlinearity parameter fNL. We use the skewness of the spherical Mexican hat wavelet coefficients to constrain fNL with the first-year WMAP data. Our results constrain fNL to be 50+/-80 at 68% confidence and less than 280 at 99% confidence.