nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of high energy solar protons during ground level enhancements
Registration of high energy solar protons by middle and low latitude particle monitors during ground level enhancements (GLE) is investigated. We have developed a comprehensive method, for revealing weak GLE signals. The main result of the method is estimation of probability of error for given value of observed signal amplitude. We derived, that for middle energy protons, the 99% confidence limit of GLE signal detection is determined by ∼4.3 σ of observed signal, whereas for highest energy protons it is determined by ∼3.7 σ . Applying this method to GLE-65 at 28 October 2003, GLE-69 at 20 January 2005 and GLE-70 at 13 December 2006, we make conclusions about the maximal energy of protons during these events. We claim on the presence of >20…30 GeV protons in GLE-65 with the probability of error ∼7% and in the GLE-69 with the probability of error ∼0.4%. However, during GLE-70 maximal energy of protons was ∼10 GeV.

title: Microwave gyroscope-novel rotation sensor
abstract: High performance microwave gyroscope (MG) is theoretically developed for the first time to our knowledge. MG is based on Sagnac effect in microwave ring resonator (RR), where a specially taylored phase shifter (PS) on the basis of surface acoustic waves is inserted. Due to that beat frequency becomes proportional to square (or cubic) root upon rotation rate and therefore hugely increases. In the result MG has few order higher sensitivity and dynamic range than state-of-the-art laser gyros, so it can serve as an advanced rotation sensor in navigation and fundamental sciences.

title: The analysis of proton- and deuteron-induced-reaction cross sections on tin isotopes at the beam energy of 3.65 GeV/nucleon
abstract: The total inelastic cross sections of the reactions of protons and deuterons on nuclear targets of enriched tin isotopes are compared. The factorization of cross sections of reactions is discussed. Furthermore, the comparison of theoretical estimations on total inelastic cross sections with corresponding experimental ones is made.

title: Target residues formed in the 4.4 GeV deuteron-induced reaction on gold
abstract: The production cross sections for 110 radioactive nuclides, with mass numbers 22 A 198, were obtained from the interaction of 4.4 GeV deuteron with a 197 Au target using the induced-activity method. The deuteron beam was obtained from the Nuclotron of the Laboratory of High Energies (LHE), Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) at Dubna. Using the charge distribution data, we derived the total mass-yield distribution. The analysis of the mass-yield distribution allowed us to consider the coexistence of different channels in the interaction such as evaporation, fission, and multifragmentation.
THE COMPLEX X-RAY SPECTRUM OF THE LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY 4U 1626-67
We report on observations of the X-ray pulsar 4U 1626-67 by the LECS instrument on-board Bepposax. We confirm the recent ASCA discovery of excess emission near 1 keV (Angelini et al. 1995). The pulse period of 7.66794 +/- 0.00004 s indicates that the source continues to spin-down. The phase averaged spectrum is well fit by an absorbed power-law of photon index 0.61 +/- 0.02 and a blackbody of temperature 0.33 +/- 0.02 keV, together with an emission feature at 1.05 +/- 0.02 keV. This spectral shape is similar to that observed by ASCA during the spin-down phase, but significantly different from measurements during spin-up. This suggests that the change in spectrum observed by ASCA may be a stable feature during spin-down intervals. The source intensity is a factor ~2 lower than observed by ASCA three years earlier, confirming that 4U 1626-67 continues to become fainter with time.

title: BeppoSAX follow-up search for the X-ray afterglow of GRB970111
abstract: The BeppoSAX satellite has recently opened a new way towards the solution of the long standing gamma-ray bursts' (GRBs) enigma, providing accurate coordinates few hours after the event thus allowing for multiwavelength follow-up observational campaigns. The BeppoSAX Narrow Field Instruments observed the region of sky containing GRB970111 16 hours after the burst. In contrast to other GRBs observed by BeppoSAX no bright afterglow was unambiguously observed. A faint source (1SAXJ1528.1+1937) is detected in a position consistent with the BeppoSAX Wide Field Camera position, but unconsistent with the IPN annulus. Whether 1SAXJ1528.1+1937 is associated with GRB970111 or not, the X-ray intensity of the afterglow is significantly lower than expected, based on the properties of the other BeppoSAX GRB afterglows. Given that GRB970111 is one of the brightest GRBs observed, this implies that there is no obvious relation between the GRB gamma-ray peak flux and the intensity of the X-ray afterglow.

title: Soft X-ray observations of the complex warm absorber in MCG-6-30-15 with BeppoSAX
abstract: We report on soft X-ray observations of the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG-6-30-15 with the Low and Medium Energy Concentrator Spectrometers on board BeppoSAX. The time averaged 0.1-4 keV spectrum shows evidence for a complex warm absorber. K-edges of highly ionized oxygen (O vii and O viii) can only partly describe the soft X-ray spectrum below 2 keV. A spectral variability study reveales large and rapid changes in absorption at the energy of the O viii K-edge and in the continuum shape and count rate. These fluctuations are not simply correlated.

title: Camtrac - A high energy gamma-ray telescope utilizing a coded aperture mask and drift chambers
Revisiting the spectrum of baryonium in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory
In the framework of the heavy baryon perturbation theory, in which the two-pion exchange is considered, the physical properties of heavy baryon and anti-heavy baryon systems are revisited. The potentials between heavy baryon and anti-heavy baryon are extracted in a holonomic form. Based on the extracted potentials, the S-wave scattering phase shifts and scattering lengths of Lambda(c)-(Lambda(c)) over bar and Sigma(c)-(Sigma(c)) over bar are calculated. From these scattering features, it is found that the Lambda(c)-(Lambda(c)) over bar system can be bound only when the value of the coupling constant at the baryon-Goldstone-boson vertex is larger than that calculated from the decay data of the Sigma(c)(Sigma c*) -> Lambda(c)pi process. The binding condition for the Sigma(c)-(Sigma(c)) over bar system is also examined. The binding possibilities of these systems deduced from the scattering calculations are also checked by the bound state calculation and the binding energies are obtained if the system can be really bound. The binding possibility of the Lambda(b)-(Lambda) over barb system is investigated as well.

title: Possible heavy dibaryons
abstract: In the framework of the constituent quark model, the possible S-wave heavy dibaryon states with the c flavor are investigated. The factors which are responsible for the binding behavior of the dibaryon system are analyzed. It is shown that both the symmetry character of the system and the energy of interactions between interacting quarks are important for the binding behavior of the two-baryon system with the heavy flavor. As a result, seven possible candidates of heavy dibaryons with c flavor are predicted.

title: Maximum Entropy Principle for Self-gravitating Perfect Fluid in Lovelock Gravity
abstract: We consider a static self-gravitating system consisting of perfect fluid with isometries of an $(n-2)$-dimensional maximally symmetric space in Lovelock gravity theory. A straightforward analysis of the time-time component of the equations of motion suggests a generalized mass function. Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff like equation is obtained by using this mass function and gravitational equations. We investigate the maximum entropy principle in Lovelock gravity, and find that this Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation can also be deduced from the so called "maximum entropy principle" which is originally customized for Einstein gravity theory. This investigation manifests a deep connection between gravity and thermodynamics in this generalized gravity theory.
Characteristics of wire spark chambers with ferrite core readout

title: MODULAR ELECTRONICS FOR ALPHANUMERICAL AND COLOR SEMIGRAPHIC INFORMATION DISPLAY ON THE TV MONITORS

title: A FIVE RAY OSCILLOSCOPE FOR MEASURING PI+ MESON LIFETIME

title: Proportional Chamber Readout System

title: Memory matrixes with ferrite cores for wire spark chambers.

title: Electronic System of Data Output with Digital Processor for Multichannel Cherenkov Counter with Small Multipliers. (In Russian)

title: Di-pion emission in heavy quarkonia decays
abstract: The dipion spectrum for the ϒ(nS) → ϒ(n′S) transition with n < 4 has the form dw/dq ∼ (phase space) |η − x|2, with x = q2 − 4mπ2 / (ΔM)2 − 4mπ2 < q2 ≡ Mππ2, and ΔM = M(nS) − M(n′S). The parameter η is calculated and the spectrum is shown to reproduce the experimental data for all three types of decays: 3 → 1, 2 → 1, and 3 → 2 with η ≈ 0.5, 0, and −3, respectively.

title: The P matrix methods for the quark model
abstract: Physical foundations of the P-matrix approach, connecting P-matrix poles to multiquark states, are explored. The QCB interaction is constructed explicitly for ππ , π N, π K, KN and NN systems. Deuteron and tritium characteristics are calculated.

title: Feynman amplitudes with confinement included
abstract: Amplitudes for any multipoint Feynman diagram are written taking into account vacuum background confining field. Higher order gluon exchanges are treated within background perturbation theory. For amplitudes with hadrons in initial or final states vertices are shown to be expressed by the corresponding wave function with the renormalized z factors. Examples of two-point functions, three-point functions (form factors), and decay amplitudes are explicitly considered.

title: ACCOUNT OF CORE IN THREE-BODY PROBLEM.

title: Effective range analysis of low-energy nucleon-antinucleon interaction
abstract: An effective range expansion is developed for the N N system incorporating annihilation, charge-exchange and Coulomb interaction. By fitting the LEAR data on elastic scattering and charge-exchange differential cross sections the N N scattering lengths and effective ranges are obtained. These solutions reproduce also the data on antiprotonic hydrogen, antineutron-proton total and annihilation cross sections and the behavior of the forward amplitude real-to-imaginary ratio.
'HYPERON' SPECTROMETER - A FACILITY FOR THE STUDY OF THE PROCESSES OF THE HIGH-ENERGY PARTICLE PRODUCTION AND DECAY ON THE 76-GEV PROTON SYNCHROTRON.

title: A FIVE RAY OSCILLOSCOPE FOR MEASURING PI+ MESON LIFETIME

title: Proportional Chamber Readout System

title: Electronic System of Data Output with Digital Processor for Multichannel Cherenkov Counter with Small Multipliers. (In Russian)

title: MODULAR ELECTRONICS FOR ALPHANUMERICAL AND COLOR SEMIGRAPHIC INFORMATION DISPLAY ON THE TV MONITORS

title: Memory matrixes with ferrite cores for wire spark chambers.

title: UPPER BOUND TO THE GROUND-STATE ENERGY OF N-BODY SYSTEMS AND CONDITIONS ON THE TWO-BODY POTENTIALS SUFFICIENT TO GUARANTEE THE EXISTENCE OF MANY-BODY BOUND STATES.

title: Resolution of the pion puzzle: The QCD string in Nambu-Goldstone mesons
abstract: Pions and kaons have a double nature: the chiral dynamics of Nambu-Goldstone bosons together with the usual string dynamics common to all mesons. To uncover the interplay of both dynamics, the effective chiral Lagrangian is derived from the QCD Lagrangian using the field correlator method, and the pion self-energy (mass) operator is written explicitly. The latter contains an infinite number of poles, but is normalized to zero at zero momentum because of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. As a result, one obtains the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation for the ground-state pion and (slightly shifted by chiral dynamics) the usual spectrum of radially excited pions starting with π(1300).

title: Hadronic Shift and the Production Rate of the Dilambda State $H$

title: Magnetic susceptibility in QCD
abstract: Magnetic susceptibility in the deconfined phase of QCD is calculated in a closed form using a recent general expression for the quark gas pressure in magnetic field. Quark selfenergies are entering the result via Polyakov line factors and ensure the total paramagnetic effect, increasing with temperature. A generalized form of magnetic susceptibility in nonzero magnetic field suitable for experimental and lattice measurements is derived, showing a good agreement with available lattice data.

title: Theory of hadron decay into baryon-antibaryon final state
abstract: The nonperturbative mechanism of baryon-antibaryon production due to double quark pair (q¯ q)(q¯ q) generation inside a hadron is considered and the amplitude is calculated as matrix element of the vertex operator between initial and final hadron wave functions. The vertex operator is expressed solely in terms of first principle input: current
Experimental study of gluon and sea quark polarizations (The first stage of the POLEX program at UNK)

title: Proportional Chamber Readout System

title: A FIVE RAY OSCILLOSCOPE FOR MEASURING PI+ MESON LIFETIME

title: Memory matrixes with ferrite cores for wire spark chambers.

title: Electronic System of Data Output with Digital Processor for Multichannel Cherenkov Counter with Small Multipliers. (In Russian)

title: MODULAR ELECTRONICS FOR ALPHANUMERICAL AND COLOR SEMIGRAPHIC INFORMATION DISPLAY ON THE TV MONITORS

title: Confinement, quark zero modes, and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in QCD

title: Nonperturbative equation of state of quark-gluon plasma. Applications
abstract: The vacuum-driven nonperturbative factors L i for quark and gluon Green’s functions are shown to define the nonperturbative dynamics of QGP in the leading approximation. EoS obtained recently in the framework of this approach is compared in detail with known lattice data for μ  = 0 including P / T 4 , e / T 4 , e - 3 P T 4 . The basic role in the dynamics at T  ≲ 3 T c is played by the factors L i which are approximately equal to the modulus of Polyakov line for quark L fund and gluon L adj . The properties of L i are derived from field correlators and compared to lattice data, in particular the Casimir scaling property L adj = ( L fund ) C 2 ( adj ) C 2 ( fund ) follows in the Gaussian approximation valid for small vacuum correlation lengths. Resulting curves for P / T 4 , e / T 4 , e - 3 P T 4 are in a reasonable agreement with lattice data, the remaining difference points out to an effective attraction among QGP constituents.

title: Baryon Magnetic Moments in a QCD String Model
abstract: In the field correlator method an effective interaction for the light quarks is obtained from QCD. Using this formalism the magnetic moments of the nucleons are calculated and reasonable agreement with experiment is obtained. Results of higher order corrections due to mesonic excitations are also shown. The method can easily be extended to the whole baryon multiplet.

title: Chiral Symmetry Breaking in QCD
abstract: Chiral Symmetry Breaking (CSB) is derived in QCD starting from the QCD Lagrangian and using Field Correlators Method (FCM). The kernel in the resulting equations responsible for CSB is directly connected to confinement, and therefore both phenomena occur and vanish together as supported by lattice data. Chiral Lagrangian and quark-meson Lagrangian are derived with explicit coefficients and compared to standard expressions.Spectrum of Nambu-Goldstone mesons and their radial excitations is calculated in good agreement with experiment.

title: Finite-time heavy quark interaction in QCD
Proportional Chamber Readout System

title: Search for parity-nonconservation effects in deep-inelastic μ-N interaction
abstract: The difference of the cross sections for deep inelastic scattering of muons with average momenta 21 GeV/ c with right and left helicity at large angles, i.e., with large momentum transfer, has been measured. No statistically-significant dependence of cross sections on the longitudinal polarization of muons has been found, i.e. no parity-nonconservation effects in deep inelastic μN interaction have been observed. The magnitude of the cross-section asymmetry R = [〈σ R 〉 − 〈σ L 〉] [〈σ R 〉+ + 〈σ L 〉] may be represented as R = β 〈 Q 2 〉 = (− 4 ± 6) × 10 −3 〈 Q 2 , (GeV/ c ) 2 〉. The limitations G o ( μ ) = (+ 6 ± 10) G have been obtained for the constant G o ( μ ) of vector-axial interaction ( G o (μ) 2 ) [ μ γα(1 + γ 5 )μ] J α o (hadron, V-A).

title: FOCUSING DOUBLE ARM SPECTROMETER

title: HANDLING OF OSCILLOGRAMS ON THE SCANNING TABLES OF PIKOTYPE

title: Triangular and Y-shaped hadrons in QCD
abstract: Gauge-invariant extended configurations are considered for the three fundamental (quarks) or adjoint (gluons) particles. For quarks, it is shown that the Y-shaped configuration is the only one possible. For adjoint sources, both Y-shaped and triangular configurations may exist. The corresponding static potentials are calculated by the method of field correlators and, in the case of baryons, shown to be consistent with the lattice simulations. For adjoint sources the potentials of Y-shaped and Δ-shaped configurations turn out to be close to each other, which leads to almost degenerate masses of 3−−3g glueballs and odderon trajectories.

title: Dyons in QCD: Confinement and Chiral Symmetry Breaking
abstract: Dyonic classical solutions of SU(2) gluodynamics are discussed. Exact form of dyonic solutions in different gauges is presented and the nontrivial problem of composition of the dilute gas of dyons is settled. Classical interaction between (anti)dyons is considered both analytically and numerically. Confinement in the dyonic gas is discussed in connection with the topological properties of individual dyon solution. Fermionic zero modes of dyonic are displayed and the chiral symmetry breaking in the dyonic gas is demonstrated.

title: THE THREE-BODY PROBLEM. COMPLETE SYSTEM OF ANGULAR FUNCTIONS

title: Regge trajectories from QCD
abstract: Relativistic quark-antiquark system in the vacuum background field is considered in the proper-time path-integral formalism. Dynamics is given by the Wilson loop for which the area law is assumed. The relativistic quark dynamics reduces for heavy q q bound states to three-dimensional Schrodinger equation with variable masses. A mechanism is discovered which generates dynamic (transverse) quark masses. Resulting Regge trajectories are asymptotically linear.

title: Pentaquark spectrum in string dynamics
abstract: The masses of uudd s and uudd d pentaquarks are evaluated in a framework of the effective Hamiltonian approach to QCD using the Jaffe–Wilczek [ud] 2 q approximation. The mass of the [ud] 2 s state is found to be ∼400 MeV higher than the observed Θ + (1540) mass.
FOCUSING DOUBLE ARM SPECTROMETER

title: Experimental study of gluon and sea quark polarizations (The first stage of the POLEX program at UNK)

title: MODULAR ELECTRONICS FOR ALPHANUMERICAL AND COLOR SEMIGRAPHIC INFORMATION DISPLAY ON THE TV MONITORS

title: Characteristics of wire spark chambers with ferrite core readout

title: Electronic System of Data Output with Digital Processor for Multichannel Cherenkov Counter with Small Multipliers. (In Russian)

title: HANDLING OF OSCILLOGRAMS ON THE SCANNING TABLES OF PIKOTYPE

title: Soliton-soliton interaction in confining models
abstract: Solitons in confining models of the Werle type are considered in one spatial dimension and the interaction between them is studied numerically in detail. In the collision process new localized objects are generated, which are pulsating in time. Evidence is given about their stability.

title: Meson Spectrum in Strong Magnetic Fields
abstract: We study the relativistic quark-antiquark system embedded in magnetic field. The Hamiltonian containing confinement, one gluon exchange and spin-spin interaction is derived. We analytically follow the evolution of the lowest meson states as a functions of MF strength. Calculating the one gluon exchange interaction energy and spin-spin contribution we have observed, that these corrections remain finite at large magnetic fields, preventing the vanishing of the total rho-meson mass at some B_crit, as previously thought. We display the rho masses as functions of magnetic field in comparison with recent lattice data.

title: Strong interaction in a quark-gluon plasma above the critical temperature

title: Gauge-invariant formulation of SU(2) gluodynamics
abstract: An internal structure like that of a double asymmetric rotator is found in the vector potential A/sub mua/ by means of the previously proposed polar representation. In the functional integral, there exists in the polar representation a natural choice of the gauge, in which there are no Faddeev-Popov ghosts or Gribov ambiguities. The classical equations in the polar representation are written solely in terms of gauge-invariant quantities. The instantons and magnetic monopoles in the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield limit and the magnetic field of the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole are studied in the framework of the polar representation.

title: Magnetic field focusing of hyperfine interaction in hydrogen
abstract: We find a new correction to hyperfine splitting in the ground state of hydrogen atom in magnetic field. The physical basis for this effect is the reduction of the size of the electron orbit in magnetic field. As a result, the value of the wavefunction at the origin increases which can be called magnetic focusing. Another magnetic-field-induced effect is the appearance of field dependent tensor forces.