String theory in five dimensional cosmological models
A study on string theory has been done in five dimensional flat space-time. Barotropic equation of state andp-string model are discussed. Also a polynomial relation between the two scale factors is assumed. In some special cases the solution reduces to generalized Kasner metric. Further diminision of extra dimension with the evolution of universe is exhibited. A detailed study of phase-space analysis is done for geometric string model.

title: Energy Conditions, Cosmological Solutions and Cosmic No-Hair Conjecture in Gauss-Bonnet Theory
abstract: A detailed investigation of Gauss-Bonnet theory has been done from a different perspective. At first, the standard energy conditions are discussed and modified forms have been presented. Then some cosmological solutions have been obtained in 5D for perfect fluid assuming that the extra dimensional metric coefficient decreases with time. For some particular choice of the parameters, exponential solutions are obtained and finally, Cosmic No-Hair Conjecture has been proved for Gauss-Bonnet dilatonic scalar coupled to Einstein gravity with coupling parameter growing linearly in time.

title: Emergent universe in brane world scenario with Schwarzschild–de Sitter bulk
abstract: A model of an emergent universe is obtained in brane world. Here the bulk energy is in the form of cosmological constant, while the brane consists of a fluid satisfying an equation of state of the form $${p_{b}=\frac{1}{3}\rho_{b}}$$ , which is effectively a radiation equation of state at high energies. It is shown that with the positive bulk cosmological constant, one of our models represents an emergent universe.

title: Interacting Holographic Dark Energy at the Ricci scale and Dynamical system
abstract: In this work, we consider homogeneous and isotropic FRW model of the universe, filled with interacting dark matter and dark energy. The dark matter is chosen as usual in the form of dust while dark energy is holographic in nature with IR cut off at the Ricci's length and it is in the form of a perfect fluid with variable equation of state. We have chosen the interaction term of the following two types: (i) a linear combination of the matter density of the two fluids, (ii) a product of the two matter densities. For both the choices the evolution equations are transformed to an autonomous system and the corresponding critical points are analyzed. Finally, for the first choice of the interaction term the evolution of the ratio of the energy densities has been studied from the point of view of the present coincidence problem.

title: NAKED SINGULARITIES IN HIGHER DIMENSIONAL GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE
abstract: Spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust collapse has been studied in higher dimensional space–time and the factors responsible for the appearance of a naked singularity are analyzed in the region close to the centre for the marginally bound case. It is clearly demonstrated that in the former case naked singularities do not appear in the space–time having more than five dimension, which appears to a strong result. The non-marginally bound collapse is also examined in five dimensions and the role of shear in developing naked singularities in this space–time is discussed in details. The five-dimensional space–time is chosen in the later case because we have exact solution in closed form only in five dimension and not in any other case.

title: Exact solutions of the field equations for Charap’s chiral invariant model of the pion dynamics
abstract: The field equations for the chiral invariant model of pion dynamics developed by Charap have been revisited. Two new types of solutions of these equations have been obtained. Each type allows infinite number of solutions. It has also been shown that the chiral invariant field equations admit invariance for a transformation of the dependent variables.

title: Observing supernova neutrino light curve in future dark matter detectors
abstract: The possibility of observing supernova (SN) neutrinos through the process of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENNS) in future ton scale detectors designed primarily for direct detection of dark matter is investigated. In particular, we focus on the possibility of distinguishing the various phases of the SN neutrino emission. The neutrino emission rates from the recent long term Basel/Darmstadt simulations are used to calculate the expected event rates. The recent state-of-the-art SN simulations predict closer fluxes among different neutrino flavors and lower average energies compared to the earlier simulation models. We find that our estimated total event rates are typically a factor of two lower than those predicted using older simulation models. We further find that, with optimistic assumptions on the detector's time resolution (~ 10 ms) and energy threshold (~ 0.1 keV), the neutrinos associated with the accretion phase of the SN can in principle be demarcated out with, for example, a 10-ton Xe detector, although distinguishing the neutrinos associated with the neutronization burst phase of the explosion would typically require several tens of ton detectors. We also comment on the possibility of studying the properties of non-electron flavor neutrinos from the CENNS of SN neutrinos.

title: Stability analysis of collective neutrino oscillations in the supernova accretion phase with realistic energy and angle distributions
abstract: We revisit our previous results on the matter suppression of self-induced neutrino flavor conversions during a supernova (SN) accretion phase, performing a linearized stability analysis of the neutrino equations of motion, in the presence of realistic SN density profiles. In our previous numerical study, we used a simplified model based on an isotropic neutrino emission with a single typical energy. Here, we take into account realistic neutrino energy and angle distributions. We find that multi-energy effects have a sub-leading impact in the flavor stability of the SN neutrino fluxes with respect to our previous single-energy results. Conversely, realistic forward-peaked neutrino angular distributions would enhance the matter suppression of the self-induced oscillations with respect to an isotropic neutrino emission. As a result, in our models for iron-core SNe, collective flavor conversions have a negligible impact on the characterization of the observable neutrino signal during the accretion phase. Instead, for a low-mass O-Ne-Mg core SN model, with lower matter density profile and less forward-peaked angular distributions, collective conversions are possible also at early times.

title: Wess-Zumino-Witten Model for Galilean Conformal Algebra
abstract: In this note, we construct a Wess–Zumino–Witten model based on the Galilean conformal algebra in two-spacetime dimensions, which is a nonrelativistic analogue of the relativistic conformal algebra. We obtain exact background corresponding to σ-models in six dimensions (the dimension of the group manifold) and a central charge c = 6. We carry out a Sugawara type construction to verify the conformal invariance of the model. Further, we discuss the feasibility of the background obtained as a physical spacetime metric.

title: Holographic quark-antiquark potential in hot, anisotropic Yang-Mills plasma
abstract: Using the gauge/gravity duality we calculate the heavy quark–antiquark potential in a hot, anisotropic and strongly coupled Yang–Mills plasma in ( 3 + 1 )-dimensions. As the anisotropic medium we take a deformed version of N = 4 super Yang–Mills theory at finite temperature following a recent work where the dual type IIB supergravity solution is also proposed. We turn on a small value of the anisotropy parameter, for which the gravity dual is known analytically (perturbatively), and compute the velocity-dependent quark–antiquark interaction potential when the pair is moving through the plasma with a velocity v . By setting v = 0 we recover the static quark–antiquark potential. We numerically study how the potential is modified in the presence of anisotropy. We further show numerically how the quark–antiquark separation (both in the static and the velocity-dependent case) and hence, the screening length gets modified by anisotropy. We discuss various cases depending upon the direction of the dipole and the direction of its propagation and make a comparative study of these cases. We are also able to obtain an analytical expression for the screening length of the dipole moving in a hot, anisotropic plasma in a special case.

title: Collective flavor oscillations of supernova neutrinos and r-process nucleosynthesis
abstract: Neutrino-neutrino interactions inside core-collapse supernovae may give rise to collective flavor oscillations resulting in swap between flavors. These oscillations depend on the initial energy spectra, and relative fluxes or relative luminosities of the neutrinos. It has been observed that departure from energy equipartition among different flavors can give rise to one or more sharp spectral swap over energy, termed as splits. We study the occurrence of splits in the neutrino and antineutrino spectra, varying the initial relative fluxes for different models of initial energy spectrum, in both normal and inverted hierarchy. These initial relative flux variations give rise to several possible split patterns whereas variation over different models of energy spectra give similar results. We explore the effect of these spectral splits on the electron fraction, Ye, that governs r-process nucleosynthesis inside supernovae. Since spectral splits modify the electron neutrino and antineutrino spectra in the region where r-process is postulated to happen, and since the pattern of spectral splits depends on the initial conditions of the spectra and the neutrino mass hierarchy, we show that the condition Ye < 0.5 required for successful r-process nucleosynthesis will lead to constraints on the initial spectral conditions, for a given neutrino mass hierarchy.