Forward jet production in deep inelastic ep scattering and low-x parton dynamics at HERA
Differential inclusive jet cross sections in neutral current deep inelastic ep scattering have been measured with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 38.7 pb −1 . The jets have been identified using the k T cluster algorithm in the longitudinally invariant inclusive mode in the laboratory frame; they have been selected with jet transverse energy, E T jet above 6 GeV and jet pseudorapidity, η jet , between −1 and 3. Measurements of cross sections as functions of E T jet , Bjorken x and the photon virtuality, Q 2 , are presented. Three phase-space regions have been selected in order to study parton dynamics from the most global to the most restrictive region of forward-going (close to the proton-beam direction) jets at low x , where the effects of BFKL evolution might be present. The measurements have been compared to the predictions of leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo models and fixed-order perturbative QCD calculations. In the forward region, O ( α s 1 ) QCD calculations underestimate the data up to an order of magnitude at low x . An improved description of the data in this region is obtained by including O ( α s 2 ) QCD corrections, which account for the lowest-order t ˆ -channel gluon-exchange diagrams, highlighting the importance of such terms in the parton dynamics at low x .

title: The spectrometer system for measuring ZEUS luminosity at HERA
abstract: The upgrade of the HERA accelerator has provided much increased collider luminosity. In turn, the improvements have necessitated a new design for the ZEUS luminosity measurements. The intense synchrotron radiation field, as well as the high probability of a bremsstrahlung photon in each bunch crossing, posed new experimental constraints. In this report, we describe how these challenges were met with the ZEUS luminosity spectrometer system. The design, testing and commissioning of the device are described, and the results from the initial operational experience are reported.

title: Measurement of azimuthal asymmetries in neutral current deep inelastic scattering at HERA
abstract: The distribution of the azimuthal angle of charged and neutral hadrons relative to the lepton plane has been studied for neutral current deep inelastic ep scattering using an integrated luminosity of 45 pb-1 taken with the ZEUS detector. The kinematic range is 100<Q2<8000 GeV2, 0.2<y<0.8 and 0.01<x<0.1 where Q2 is the virtuality of the exchanged boson, y is the inelasticity and x is the Bjorken variable. The measurements were made in the hadronic centre-of-mass system. The analysis exploits the energy-flow method, which allows the measurement to be made over a larger range of pseudorapidity compared to previous results. The dependence of the moments of the azimuthal distributions on the pseudorapidity and minimum transverse energy of the final-state hadrons are presented. Although the predictions from next-to-leading-order QCD describe the data better than do the Monte Carlo models incorporating leading-logarithm parton showers, they still fail to describe the magnitude of the asymmetries. This suggests that higher-order calculations may be necessary to describe these data.

title: Measurement of charm fragmentation ratios and fractions in photoproduction at HERA
abstract: The production of D, D, D, D s and Λ + c charm hadrons and their antiparticles in ep scattering at HERA was measured with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 79 pb. The measurement has been performed in the photoproduction regime with the exchanged-photon virtuality Q < 1 GeV and for photon-proton centre-of-mass energies in the range 130 < W < 300 GeV. The charm hadrons were reconstructed in the range of transverse momentum pT (D, Λc) > 3.8 GeV and pseudorapidity |η(D, Λc)| < 1.6. The production cross sections were used to determine the ratio of neutral and charged D-meson production rates, Ru/d, the strangeness-suppression factor, γs, and the fraction of charged D mesons produced in a vector state, P d v . The measured Ru/d and γs values agree with those obtained in deep inelastic scattering and in ee annihilations. The measured P d v value is smaller than, but consistent with, the previous measurements. The fractions of c quarks hadronising as a particular charm hadron, f(c → D, Λc), were derived in the given kinematic range. The measured open-charm fragmentation fractions are consistent with previous results, although the measured f(c → D) is smaller and f(c → Λc ) is larger than those obtained in ee annihilations. These results generally support the hypothesis that fragmentation proceeds independently of the hard sub-process. The ZEUS Collaboration S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, S. Magill, S. Miglioranzi, B. Musgrave, J. Repond, R. Yoshida Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4815, USA n M.C.K. Mattingly Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104-0380, USA N. Pavel, A.G. Yagües Molina Institut für Physik der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, A. Montanari, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, A. Polini, L. Rinaldi, G. Sartorelli, A. Zichichi University and INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy e G. Aghuzumtsyan, D. Bartsch, I. Brock, S. Goers, H. Hartmann, E. Hilger, P. Irrgang, H.-P. Jakob, O.M. Kind, U. Meyer, E. Paul, J. Rautenberg, R. Renner, M. Wang, M. Wlasenko Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany b D.S. Bailey, N.H. Brook, J.E. Cole, G.P. Heath, T. Namsoo, S. Robins H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom m M. Capua, S. Fazio, A. Mastroberardino, M. Schioppa, G. Susinno, E. Tassi Calabria University, Physics Department and INFN, Cosenza, Italy e J.Y. Kim, K.J. Ma Chonnam National University, Kwangju, South Korea g M. Helbich, Y. Ning, Z. Ren, W.B. Schmidke, F. Sciulli Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University, Irvington on Hudson, New York 10027 o J. Chwastowski, A. Eskreys, J. Figiel, A. Galas, M. Gil, K. Olkiewicz, P. Stopa, D. Szuba, L. Zawiejski The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland i L. Adamczyk, T. Bo ld, I. Grabowska-Bo ld, D. Kisielewska, J. Lukasik, M. Przybycień, L. Suszycki, J. Szuba Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland p A. Kotański, W. S lomiński Department of Physics, Jagellonian University, Cracow, Poland

title: Measurement of prompt photons with associated jets in photoproduction at HERA
abstract: The photoproduction of prompt photons, together with an accompanying jet, has been studied in ep collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 77 pb-1. Cross sections were measured for the transverse energy of the photon and the jet larger than 5 and 6 GeV, respectively. The differential γ+jet cross sections were reconstructed as functions of the transverse energy, pseudorapidity and xγobs, the fraction of the incoming photon momentum taken by the photon-jet system. Predictions based on leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo models and next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD generally underestimate the cross sections for the transverse energies of prompt photons below 7 GeV, while the kT-factorisation QCD calculation agrees with the data better. When the minimum transverse energy of prompt photons is increased to 7 GeV, both NLO QCD and the kT-factorisation calculations are in good agreement with the data.

title: Measurement of isolated photons accompanied by jets in deep inelastic ep scattering
abstract: The production of isolated high-energy photons accompanied by jets has been measured in deep inelastic ep scattering with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 326pb -1 . Measurements were made for exchanged photon virtualities, Q 2 , in the range 10 to 350GeV 2 . The photons were measured in the transverse-energy and pseudorapidity ranges 4 γ jet <1.8. Differential cross sections are presented as functions of these quantities. Perturbative QCD predictions give a reasonable description of the shape of the measured cross sections over most of the kinematic range, but the absolute normalisation is typically in disagreement by 20-30%.

title: Calculations of alpha-decay half-lives for heavy and superheavy nuclei
abstract: Systematic calculations on the alpha-decay half-lives of heavy and superheavy nuclei are performed within a deformed version of the cluster model, using the modified two-potential approach. The deformed Woods-Saxon potential is employed to calculate the alpha-decay width through a deformed barrier. For comparison the calculated alpha-decay half-lives in the empirical relations are also presented. The present study is initially restricted to even-even nuclei in the heavymass region with N > 126. Then the study is extended to the recentlyobserved heaviest nuclei, including synthesized superheavy elements and isotopes. The alpha-decay half-lives obtained are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.

title: Nonlocalized cluster dynamics and nuclear molecular structure
abstract: A container picture is proposed for understanding cluster dynamics where the clusters make nonlocalized motion occupying the lowest orbit of the cluster mean-field potential characterized by the size parameter $``B"$ in the THSR (Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-R\"{o}pke) wave function. The nonlocalized cluster aspects of the inversion-doublet bands in $^{20}$Ne which have been considered as a typical manifestation of localized clustering are discussed. So far unexplained puzzling features of the THSR wave function, namely that after angular-momentum projection for two cluster systems the prolate THSR wave function is almost 100$\%$ equivalent to an oblate THSR wave function is clarified. It is shown that the true intrinsic two-cluster THSR configuration is nonetheless prolate. The proposal of the container picture is based on the fact that typical cluster systems, 2$\alpha$, 3$\alpha$, and $\alpha$+$^{16}$O, are all well described by a single THSR wave function. It will be shown for the case of linear-chain states with two and three $\alpha$-clusters as well as for the $\alpha$+$^{16}$O system that localization is entirely of kinematical origin, that is, due to the inter-cluster Pauli repulsion. It is concluded that this feature is general for nuclear cluster states.

title: Theoretical study of nuclear charge densities with elastic electron scattering
abstract: The calculated cross sections for elastic Coulomb electron scattering from the phase-shift analysis method and the eikonal approximation are compared. It is shown that the phase-shift analysis method can reproduce the experimental data very well for both light and heavy nuclei. Then the phase-shift analysis is used to investigate elastic electron scattering along the O and S isotopic chains, where the charge densities are obtained from relativistic mean-field theory. Results show that the minima of the differential cross section shift inward and upward with the increase of the neutron number.

title: A macroscopic–microscopic study of Ne and Mg nuclei around N = 20
abstract: A new set of Nilsson parameters, with the isospin-dependent spin–orbit potential (κ) and l2t term (μ), is proposed for neutron-rich nuclei of Ne and Mg isotopes. The ground-state deformations and B(E2) values of Ne and Mg nuclei around N = 20 are studied within the framework of the macroscopic–microscopic (MM) model with the new set of Nilsson parameters. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data. The experimental large deformations and B(E2) values are well reproduced by the new calculation of this paper. The calculated results are also compared with the recent results of mean-field models and shell models. Detailed discussions of the shell structure around N = 20 are given. It is predicted that the enhanced negative shell correction energies at deformed shape and the weak N = 20 magic shell closure lead to the large deformations for Ne and Mg nuclei around N = 20.

title: Effect of short-range correlation on the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities
abstract: Short-range correlation (SRC) induces a significant high-momentum component in the nucleon momentum distribution n(k) in both finite nuclei and nuclear matter. Recent experiments suggest that the amount of correlation in pure neutron matter (PNM) may be much less than that in symmetric nuclear matter (SNM). In this paper we investigate on a qualitative level how this affects the density dependence of the symmetry energy, especially at supra-saturation densities, in the framework of the well-established MDI energy density functional. In the MDI formalism, SRC affects both the kinetic energy and the potential energy through its effect on n(k). For the n(k) of SNM, we use a formula proposed based on an interesting relation between n(k) at high momentum k (i.e. k > kF) and the average nucleon density of finite nuclei. For the n(k) of PNM, we use the prediction of a free Fermi gas model. The result is compared to the symmetry energy calculated assuming both the SNM and PNM to be Fermi-gas like. Our study shows that, to have a realistic estimation of the relative contributions to the symmetry energy from the kinetic part and the two-body and three-body potential part, one has to take the SRC effect into account. Furthermore, it is found that the density dependence of the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities is sensitive to the competition between the SRC effect and the three-body force effect.