HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY AFTERGLOWS FROM LOW-LUMINOSITY GAMMA-RAY BURSTS
The observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) such as 980425, 031203 and 060218, with luminosities much lower than those of other classic bursts, lead to the definition of a new class of GRBs—LL-GRBs. The nature of the outflow responsible for them is not yet clear. Two scenarios have been suggested: one is the conventional relativistic outflow with initial Lorentz factor of order of Γ0 10 and the other is a trans-relativistic outflow with Γ0 1-2. Here, we compare the high-energy gamma-ray afterglow emission from these two different models, taking into account both synchrotron self-inverse Compton (SSC) scattering and the external inverse Compton scattering due to photons from the cooling supernova or hypernova envelope (SNIC). We find that the conventional relativistic outflow model predicts a relatively high gamma-ray flux from SSC at early times (<104 s for typical parameters) with a rapidly decaying light curve, while in the trans-relativistic outflow model, one would expect a much flatter light curve of high-energy gamma-ray emission at early times, which could be dominated by both the SSC emission and the SNIC emission, depending on the properties of the underlying supernova and the shock parameter e and B . The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope should be able to distinguish between the two models in the future.

title: X-RAY AND HIGH-ENERGY FLARES FROM LATE INTERNAL SHOCKS OF GAMMA-RAY BURSTS
abstract: We study afterglow flares of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the framework of the late internal shock (LIS) model based on a careful description for the dynamics of a pair of shocks generated by a collision between two homogeneous shells. First, by confronting the model with some fundamental observational features of X-ray flares, we find some constraints on the properties of the pre-collision shells that are directly determined by the central engine of GRBs. Second, high-energy emission associated with X-ray flares, which arises from synchrotron self-Compton emission of LISs, is investigated in a wide parameter space. The predicted flux of high-energy flares may reach as high as ~10–8 erg cm–2 s–1, which is likely to be detectable with the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Space Telescope (formerly GLAST).

title: Yield and recoil properties of iodine isotopes from the interaction of 240 MeV 12C with 238U.
abstract: The independent yields, recoil properties, and forward-to-backward ratios (F/B) of iodine isotopes from the interaction of 240 MeV /sup 12/C with /sup 238/U have been measured radiochemically by the thick-target/thick-catcher method. The isotopic yield distribution curve has been constructed and is found to consist of two overlapping Gaussians, peaking at A = 126.5 and 133.8 with width parameters of 2.29 and 2.04 mass units, respectively. All the measured iodine isotopes had ranges of 7.7 +- 0.4 mg/cm/sup 2/. The neutron-deficient products have F/B of 1.76 +- 0.14, but the neutron-excessive products have F/B of only 1.09 +- 0.06. The yield curve was analyzed with the liquid drop model and the recoil curve was analyzed by the standard two-step vector model; the results show that the neutron-deficient products are formed from nonequilibrium processes and the neutron-excessive products are formed from the normal low-energy fission process.

title: Neutrino emission from a GRB afterglow shock during an inner supernova shock breakout
abstract: The observations of a nearby low-luminosity gamma-ray burst (GRB) 060218 associated with supernova SN 2006aj may imply an interesting astronomical picture where a supernova shock breakout locates behind a relativistic GRB jet. Based on this picture, we study neutrino emission for early afterglows of GRB 060218-like GRBs, where neutrinos are expected to be produced from photopion interactions in a GRB blast wave that propagates into a dense wind. Relativistic protons for the interactions are accelerated by an external shock, while target photons are basically provided by the incoming thermal emission from the shock breakout and its inverse-Compton scattered component. Because of a high estimated event rate of low-luminosity GRBs, we would have more opportunities to detect afterglow neutrinos from a single nearby GRB event of this type by IceCube. Such a possible detection could provide evidence for the picture described above.

title: Thermal evolution of rotating strange stars in color superconductivity phase

title: A statistical classification of the unassociated gamma-ray sources in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog
abstract: With the assistance of the identified/associated sources in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog, we analyze and resolve the spatial distribution and the distributions of the gamma-ray spectral and variability indices of the remaining 575 unassociated Fermi LAT sources. Consequently, it is suggested that the unassociated sources could statistically consist of Galactic supernova remnants/pulsar wind nebulae, BL Lacertae objects, flat spectrum radio quasars and other types of active galaxies with fractions of 25%, 29%, 41% and 5%, respectively.

title: Color screening effect in b anti-b system

title: THE EFFECTIVE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE NUCLEON AND THE ISOBAR

title: Hyperon-Meson Vertices and Hyperon-Nucleon Interactions on Quark Model
abstract: In this paper, we introduce two parts of work: the hyperon-meson vertex structure from the one-gluon-exchange quark-antiquark pair creation model and the hyperon-nucleon interactions on a modified quark potential model. For both parts some significant results have been obtained.

title: Dibaryon systems in chiral SU(3) quark model
abstract: The possible candidates of S-wave dibaryons with various strange numbers are studied under the chiral SU(3) quark model. It is shown that there are three types of baryon-baryon bound states. The states of the first type are called deuteron-like states. If chiral fields can provide enough attraction between interacting baryons, these systems, such as [Xi Omega - Xi*Omega]((1,1/2)), [Xi Xi]((0,1)), [N Omega]((2,1/2)) would be weakly bound. The states of the second type such as [Sigma*Delta]((0,5/2)), [Sigma*Delta]((3,1/2)), [Delta Delta](0,3) and [Delta Delta]((3,0)) are named as Delta Delta -like states. Due to the highly symmetric character in orbital space, these systems could be relatively deeply bound, but the strong decay modes of composed baryons cause the widths of the states much broader. The states of the third type are entitled as Omega Omega -like states. Due to the same symmetry character shown in the systems of the second type and the only weak decay mode of composed baryons, for instance in [Omega Omega](0,0), or at most one strong decay mode of composed baryons, for example in [Xi*Omega]((0,1/2)), these states are deeply bound states with narrow widths. The states of latter two types are most interesting new dibaryon states and should be carefully investigated both theoretically and experimentally.

title: NN interactions in the extended chiral SU(3) quark model
abstract: The chiral SU (3) quark model is extended to include coupling between vector chiral field and quarks. By using this model, the phase shifts of NN scattering for different partial waves are studied. The results are very similar to those of the chiral SU (3) quark model calculation, in which one gluon exchange (OGE) plays dominate role in the short range part of the quark–quark interactions. Only in the 1 S 0 case, the one channel phase shifts of the extended chiral SU (3) quark model are obviously improved.