Prototype of a gigabit data transmitter in 65 nm CMOS for DEPFET pixel detectors at Belle-II
This paper describes the recent development of a gigabit data transmitter for the Belle-II pixel detector (PXD). The PXD is an innermost detector currently under development for the upgraded KEK-B factory in Japan. The PXD consists of two layers of DEPFET sensor modules located at 1.8 and 2.2 cm radii. Each module is equipped with three different ASIC types mounted on the detector substrate with a flip-chip technique: (a) SWITCHER for generating steering signals for the DEPFET sensors, (b) DCD for digitizing the signal currents, and (c) DHP for performing data processing and sending the data off the module to the back-end data handling hybrid via ∼ 40 cm Kapton flex and 12–15 m twisted pair (TWP) cables. To meet the requirements of the PXD data transmission, a prototype of the DHP data transmitter has been developed in a 65-nm standard CMOS technology. The transmitter test chip consists of current-mode logic (CML) drivers and a phase-locked loop (PLL) which generates a clock signal for a 1.6 Gbit/s output data stream from an 80 cm reference clock. A programmable pre-emphasis circuit is also implemented in the CML driver to compensate signal losses in the long cable by shaping the transmitted pulse response. The jitter performance was measured as 25 ps ( 1 σ distribution) by connecting the chip with 38 cm flex and 10 m TWP cables.

title: Performance of a DEPFET prototype module for the ILC vertex detector
abstract: For the detection of secondary vertices of long lived bottom and charm quarks at the proposed International Linear Collider (ILC) a DEPFET pixel detector is one of the favored technology options. DEPFET pixel sensors, in which the amplifying transistor structure is contained in the pixel cell itself on a fully depleted bulk, are unique devices in terms of their large signal and low noise capability and their obtainable spatial resolution with very thin detectors. DEPFET pixel prototype modules with close to ILC specifications have been tested in the laboratory and, for the first time, in a 6 GeV electron test beam. The different noise sources have been calculated and compared with the measured value of ENC/spl ap/225 e/sup -/ for the entire readout chain.

title: Search for nonpointing and delayed photons in the diphoton and missing transverse momentum final state in 8 TeV pp collisions at the LHC using the ATLAS detector
abstract: A search has been performed, using the full 20.3 fb(-1) data sample of 8 TeV proton-proton collisions collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, for photons originating from a displaced vertex due to the decay of a neutral long-lived particle into a photon and an invisible particle. The analysis investigates the diphoton plus missing transverse momentum final state, and is therefore most sensitive to pair production of long-lived particles. The analysis technique exploits the capabilities of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter to make precise measurements of the flight direction, as well as the time of flight, of photons. No excess is observed over the Standard Model predictions for background. Exclusion limits are set within the context of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking models, with the lightest neutralino being the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle and decaying into a photon and gravitino with a lifetime in the range from 250 ps to about 100 ns.

title: Test results of the Data Handling Processor for the DEPFET Pixel Vertex Detector
abstract: In the new Belle II detector, which is currently under construction at the SuperKEKB accelerator, a two layer pixel detector will be introduced to improve the vertex reconstruction in a ultra high luminosity environment. The pixel detector will be produced using the DEPFET technology. A new ASIC (Data Handling Processor or DHP) designed to steer the readout process, pre-process and compress the raw data has been developed. The DHP will be directly bump bonded to the balcony of the all-silicon DEPFET module. The current chip prototype has been produced in CMOS 90 nm. Its test results, including the data processing quality, the signal integrity of the gigabit transmission lines will be presented here. For the final chip, which will be produced using CMOS 65 nm, single event upset (SEU) cross sections were measured. An additional chip, containing memory blocks to be tested, was submitted and produced using this technology.

title: DMAPS: a fully depleted monolithic active pixel sensor—analog performance characterization
abstract: Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) have been developed since the late 1990s based on silicon substrates with a thin epitaxial layer (thickness of 10–15 μm) in which charge is collected on an electrode, albeit by disordered and slow diffusion rather than by drift in a directed electric field. As a consequence, the signal of these conventional MAPS is small (≈1000 e−) and the radiation tolerance is limited. In this paper, the development of a fully Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) based on a high resistivity substrate allowing the creation of a fully depleted detection volume is presented. This concept overcomes the inherent limitations of charge collection by diffusion in the standard MAPS designs. We present results from a prototype chip EPCB01 designed in a commercial 150 nm CMOS technology. The technology provides a thin (≈50 μm) high resistivity n-type silicon substrate as well as an additional deep p-well which allows to integrate full CMOS circuitry inside the pixel. Different matrix types with several variants of collection electrodes and pixel electronics have been implemented. Measurements of the analog performance of this first implementation of DMAPS pixels are presented.

title: A serial powering scheme for the ATLAS pixel detector at sLHC
abstract: Powering concepts, such as serial powering and DC-DC conversion, are in development for the silicon trackers at sLHC to achieve an efficient power distribution with a minimum volume of cables. This paper will describe the serial powering scheme developed for the upgraded ATLAS pixel detector, with focus on the scheme architecture and on the main components involved: the Shunt-LDO regulator and the protection scheme. Issues connected to system aspects will be discussed, and the advantages in terms of material reduction provided by the proposed serial powering scheme will be presented.

title: Nuclear dependence of charm production
abstract: Using data taken by SELEX during the 1996–1997 fixed target run at Fermilab, we study the production of charmed hadrons on copper and carbon targets with Σ−, p, π−, and π+ beams. Parametrizing the dependence of the inclusive production cross section on the atomic number A as Aα, we determine α for D+, D0, Ds+, D+(2010), Λc+, and their respective anti-particles, as a function of their transverse momentum pt and scaled longitudinal momentum xF. Within our statistics there is no dependence of α on xF for any charm species for the interval 0.1<xF<1.0. The average value of α for charm production by pion beams is αmeson=0.850±0.028. This is somewhat larger than the corresponding average αbaryon=0.755±0.016 for charm production by baryon beams (Σ−, p).

title: Precision measurements of the lambda(+)(c) and D0 lifetimes.
abstract: We report new precision measurements of the lifetimes of the Lambda(+)(c) and D0 from SELEX, the charm hadroproduction experiment at Fermilab. Based upon 1630 Lambda(+)(c) and 10 210 D0 decays we observe lifetimes of tau[Lambda(+)(c)] = 198.1+/-7.0+/-5.6 fs and tau[D0] = 407.9+/-6.0+/-4.3 fs.

title: Jovian dust streams: A monitor of Io's volcanic plume activity
abstract: Streams of high speed dust particles originate from Jupiter's moon Io. After release from Io, the particles collect electric charges in the Io plasma torus, gain energy from the co-rotating electric field of Jupiter's magnetosphere, and leave the Jovian system into interplanetary space with escape speeds over 200 km s−1. The Galileo spacecraft has continuously monitored the dust streams during 34 revolutions about Jupiter between 1996 and 2002. The observed dust fluxes exhibit large orbit-to-orbit variability due to systematic and stochastic changes. After removal of the systematic variations, the total dust emission rate of Io has been calculated. It varies between 10−3 and 10 kg s−1, and is typically in the range of 0.1 to 1 kg s−1. We compare the dust emission rate with other markers of volcanic activity on Io like large-area surface changes caused by volcanic deposits and sightings of volcanic plumes.