Yang-Mills Flows on Nearly Kähler Manifolds and G2-Instantons
We consider Lie(G)-valued G-invariant connections on bundles over spaces $${G/H,\, \mathbb{R}\times G/H\, {\rm and}\, \mathbb{R}^2\times G/H}$$, where G/H is a compact nearly Kähler six-dimensional homogeneous space, and the manifolds $${\mathbb{R}\times G/H}$$ and $${\mathbb{R}^2\times G/H}$$ carry G2- and Spin(7)-structures, respectively. By making a G-invariant ansatz, Yang-Mills theory with torsion on $${\mathbb{R}\times G/H}$$ is reduced to Newtonian mechanics of a particle moving in a plane with a quartic potential. For particular values of the torsion, we find explicit particle trajectories, which obey first-order gradient or hamiltonian flow equations. In two cases, these solutions correspond to anti-self-dual instantons associated with one of two G2-structures on $${\mathbb{R}\times G/H}$$. It is shown that both G2-instanton equations can be obtained from a single Spin(7)-instanton equation on $${\mathbb{R}^2\times G/H}$$.

title: Fundamental chiral strings
abstract: The problem of the non-uniqueness of the string theory in the space Rd-1,1 with d ≤ 10 and the procedure of the compactification and the deompactification are discussed. We consider a compact bosonic string defined as a closed string moving in the Lorentizian torus T25,1 and introduce fundamental chiral bosonic string (FCBS) as a universal cover of a compact string. It is shown that the Fock spaces of any standard strings are embedded into the Fock space of FCBS.

title: Solving string field equations: new uses for old tools
abstract: It is argued that the (NS-sector) superstring field equations are integrable, i.e. their solutions are obtainable from linear equations. We adapt the 25-year-old solution-generating “dressing” method and reduce the construction of nonperturbative superstring configurations to a specific cohomology problem. The application to vacuum superstring field theory is outlined.

title: Solutions of Yang-Mills and Yang-Mills-Higgs equations

title: Noncommutative instantons in higher dimensions, vortices and topological K-cycles
abstract: We construct explicit BPS and non-BPS solutions of the U(2k) Yang-Mills equations on the noncommutative space 2nθ × S2 with finite energy and topological charge. By twisting with a Dirac multi-monopole bundle over S2, we reduce the Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau equations on 2nθ × S2 to vortex-type equations for a pair of U(k) gauge fields and a bi-fundamental scalar field on 2nθ. In the SO(3)-invariant case the vortices on 2nθ determine multi-instantons on 2nθ × S2. We show that these solutions give natural physical realizations of Bott periodicity and vector bundle modification in topological K-homology, and can be interpreted as a blowing-up of D0-branes on 2nθ into spherical D2-branes on 2nθ × S2. In the generic case with broken rotational symmetry, we argue that the D0-brane charges on 2nθ × S2 provide a physical interpretation of the Adams operations in K-theory.

title: On nonperturbative solutions of superstring field theory
abstract: Nonperturbative solutions to the nonlinear field equations in the NS sector of cubic as well as nonpolynomial superstring field theory can be obtained from a linear equation which includes a “spectral” parameter λ and a coboundary operator Q ( λ ). We borrow a simple ansatz from the dressing method (for generating solitons in integrable field theories) and show that classical superstring fields can be constructed from any string field  T subject merely to Q ( λ ) T =0. Following the decay of the non-BPS D9 brane in IIA theory and shifting the background to the tachyon vacuum, we repeat the arguments in vacuum superstring field theory and outline how to compute classical solutions explicitly.

title: Search for the associated production of a b quark and a neutral supersymmetric Higgs boson that decays into tau pairs.
abstract: We report results from a search for production of a neutral Higgs boson in association with a b quark. We search for Higgs decays to tau pairs with one tau subsequently decaying to a muon and the other to hadrons. The data correspond to 2.7 fb(-1) of pp collisions recorded by the D0 detector at square root(s)=1.96 TeV. The data are found to be consistent with background predictions. The result allows us to exclude a significant region of parameter space of the minimal supersymmetric model.

title: Higgs Boson Studies at the Tevatron
abstract: We combine searches by the CDF and D0 Collaborations for the standard model Higgs boson with mass in the range 90--200 GeV/c2 produced in the gluon-gluon fusion, WH, ZH, tt¯H, and vector boson fusion processes, and decaying in the H→bb¯, H→W+W−, H→ZZ, H→τ+τ−, and H→γγ modes. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of up to 10 fb−1 and were collected at the Fermilab Tevatron in pp¯ collisions at s√=1.96 TeV. The searches are also interpreted in the context of fermiophobic and fourth generation models. We observe a significant excess of events in the mass range between 115 and 140 GeV/c2. The local significance corresponds to 3.0 standard deviations at mH=125 GeV/c2, consistent with the mass of the Higgs boson observed at the LHC, and we expect a local significance of 1.9 standard deviations. We separately combine searches for H→bb¯, H→W+W−, H→τ+τ−, and H→γγ. The observed signal strengths in all channels are consistent with the presence of a standard model Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV/c2.

title: Improved b quark jet identification at the D0 experiment
abstract: The ability to identify jets which originated from b quarks is an important tool of the physics program of the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron p (p) over bar collider. This paper describes a new algorithm designed to select jets originating from b quarks while suppressing the contamination caused by jets from other quark flavors and gluons. Additionally, a new technique, the SystemN method, for determining the misidentification rate directly from data is presented.

title: Search for techniparticles in e+jets events at D0.
abstract: We search for the technicolor process pp-->rhoT/omegaT-->WpiT in events containing one electron and two jets, in data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 390 pb(-1), recorded by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. Technicolor predicts that technipions pi(T) decay dominantly into bb, bc, or bc, depending on their charge. In these events b and c quarks are identified by their secondary decay vertices within jets. Two analysis methods based on topological variables are presented. Since no excess above the standard model prediction was found, the result is presented as an exclusion in the pi(T) vs rho(T) mass plane for a given set of model parameters.

title: Measurement of the semileptonic charge asymmetry in $B^0$ meson mixing with the D0 detector
abstract: We present a measurement of the semileptonic mixing asymmetry for B0 mesons, a^d_{sl}, using two independent decay channels: B0 -> mu+D-X, with D- -> K+pi-pi-; and B0 -> mu+D*-X, with D*- -> antiD0 pi-, antiD0 -> K+pi- (and charge conjugate processes). We use a data sample corresponding to 10.4 fb^{-1} of ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV, collected with the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. We extract the charge asymmetries in these two channels as a function of the visible proper decay length (VPDL) of the B0 meson, correct for detector-related asymmetries using data-driven methods, and account for dilution from charge-symmetric processes using Monte Carlo simulation. The final measurement combines four signal VPDL regions for each channel, yielding a^d_{sl} = [0.68 \pm 0.45 \text{(stat.)} \pm 0.14 \text{(syst.)}]%. This is the single most precise measurement of this parameter, with uncertainties smaller than the current world average of B factory measurements.