Fluorocarbon evaporative cooling developments for the ATLAS pixel and semiconductor tracking detectors
We report on the development of evaporative fluorocarbon cooling for the ATLAS Pixel and SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) detectors. Data are presented from cooling studies on representative prototype Pixel and SCT detector thermo-structures, using perfluoro-npropane (C3F8), -butane (C4F10), trifluoro-iodo-methane (CF3I) and custom C3F8/C4F10 mixtures. Thermophysical properties were calculated for custom mixtures. For most of the structures tested at full projected power dissipation, operation of silicon detector substrates at temperatures below –7oC (required for 10 year lifetime in the radiation environment of LHC) should be possible, albeit in some cases with increases in inner diameter (I.D.) of the coolant tubes from those of the present series of prototypes. Heat transfer coefficients in the range 2-5.103 Wm-2K-1 have been measured in a 3.6 mm I.D. heated tube dissipating 100 Watts close to the full equivalent power (~110 W) of a barrel SCT detector “stave” over a range of power dissipations and mass flows in the above fluids. Aspects of full-scale evaporative cooling circulator design for the ATLAS experiment are discussed, together with plans for future development.

title: Measurement of Hadronic Event Shapes and Jet Substructure in Proton-Proton Collisions at 7.0 TeV Center-of-Mass Energy with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider
abstract: This thesis presents the first measurement of 6 hadronic event shapes in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of {radical}s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Results are presented at the particle-level, permitting comparisons to multiple Monte Carlo event generator tools. Numerous tools and techniques that enable detailed analysis of the hadronic final state at high luminosity are described. The approaches presented utilize the dual strengths of the ATLAS calorimeter and tracking systems to provide high resolution and robust measurements of the hadronic jets that constitute both a background and a signal throughout ATLAS physics analyses. The study of the hadronic final state is then extended to jet substructure, where the energy flow and topology within individual jets is studied at the detector level and techniques for estimating systematic uncertainties for such measurements are commissioned in the first data. These first substructure measurements in ATLAS include the jet mass and sub-jet multiplicity as well as those concerned with multi-body hadronic decays and color flow within jets. Finally, the first boosted hadronic object observed at the LHC - the decay of the top quark to a single jet - is presented.

title: Search for squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS detector in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum using 4.7 fb-1 of √s = 7 TeV proton-proton collision data
abstract: A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum and no high-p(T) electrons or muons is presented. The data represent the complete sample recorded in 2011 by the ATLAS experiment in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed. Gluino masses below 860 GeV and squark masses below 1320 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level in simplified models containing only squarks of the first two generations, a gluino octet and a massless neutralino, for squark or gluino masses below 2 TeV, respectively. Squarks and gluinos with equal masses below 1410 GeV are excluded. In minimal supergravity/constrained minimal supersymmetric Standard Model models with tan beta = 10, A(0) = 0 and mu > 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 1360 GeV. Constraints are also placed on the parameter space of supersymmetric models with compressed spectra. These limits considerably extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous measurements with the ATLAS detector.

title: Search for New Phenomena with the Monojet and Missing Transverse Momentum Signature Using the ATLAS Detector in $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV Proton-Proton Collisions
abstract: A search for new phenomena in events featuring a high energy jet and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV is presented using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 33 pb(-1) recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The number of observed events is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. This result is interpreted in terms of limits on a model of Large Extra Dimensions.

title: Search for strong gravity signatures in same-sign dimuon final states using the ATLAS detector at the LHC
abstract: A search for microscopic black holes has been performed in a same-sign dimuon final state using 1.3 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The data are found to be consistent with the expectation from the Standard Model and the results are used to derive exclusion contours in the context of a low scale gravity model.

title: Search for anomalous production of prompt like-sign muon pairs and constraints on physics beyond the standard model with the ATLAS detector
abstract: An inclusive search for anomalous production of two prompt, isolated muons with the same electric charge is presented. The search is performed in a data sample corresponding to 1.6 fb(-1) of integr ...

title: The SOUDAN 2 detector: The design and construction of the tracking calorimeter modules
abstract: SOUDAN 2 is a 960-ton tracking calorimeter which has been constructed to search for nucleon decay and other phenomena. The full detector consists of 224 calorimeter modules each weighing 4.3 tons. The design and construction of the modules are described. The modules consist of finely segmented iron instrumented with 1 m long drift tubes of 15 mm internal diameter. The tubes enable three spatial coordinates and dE/dx to be recorded for charged particles traversing the tubes.

title: Development of Large Area Integrated Silicon Tracking Elements for the LHC Luminosity Upgrade
abstract: A natural upgrade of the CERN LHC would be to increase the luminosity to 1035 cm-2s-1. For charged particle tracking at this Super-LHC, all-silicon systems are considered appropriate. For tracking in an upgraded ATLAS detector, outside a radius of 20 cm, large area integrated elements ("staves") containing silicon strip detectors are under design and development. Each stave would hold of order 30 individual modules and contain integrated electrical services, mechanical support, and cooling. Prototype tests of such staves are reported here including studies of noise, interference, and a comparison of power distribution by parallel and serial current flow. Mechanical design and simulation on full length staves are presented as well.

title: Lie theory and the wave equation in space-time. 4. The Klein-Gordon equation and the Poincaré group
abstract: A detailed classification is made of all orthogonal coordinate systems for which the Klein–Gordon equation in space–time, ψtt−Δ3ψ=λψ, admits a separation of variables. We show that the Klein–Gordon equation is separable in 261 orthogonal coordinate systems. In each case the coordinate systems presented are characterized in terms of three symmetric second order commuting operators in the enveloping algebra of the Poincare group. This paper also consitutes an important step in the study of separation of variables for the wave equation in space–time ψtt−Δ3ψ=0, and its relation to the underlying conformal symmetry group O(4,2) of this equation.

title: Improved search for Muon-neutrino to electron-neutrino oscillations in MINOS.
abstract: We report the results of a search for ν(e) appearance in a ν(μ) beam in the MINOS long-baseline neutrino experiment. With an improved analysis and an increased exposure of 8.2 × 10(20) protons on the NuMI target at Fermilab, we find that 2 sin(2) (θ(23))sin(2)(2θ(13))<0.12(0.20) at 90% confidence level for δ = 0 and the normal (inverted) neutrino mass hierarchy, with a best-fit of 2sin(2) (θ(23))sin(2)(2θ(13)) = 0.041(-0.031)(+0.047) (0.079(-0.053) (+0.071)). The θ(13) = 0 hypothesis is disfavored by the MINOS data at the 89% confidence level.

title: Separation of variables in Einstein spaces. I. Two ignorable and one null coordinate
abstract: Computes and classifies all Einstein spaces and their corresponding coordinate systems such that the Hamilton-Jacobi equation admits a separation of variables with two ignorable and one essential null coordinates. The authors find that all such spaces correspond to plane-fronted gravitational waves of Petrov type N. They also give necessary conditions which a general space-time must have in order to admit coordinates of the type studied. Furthermore, the integrability conditions for Helmholtz (Schrodinger) separability are completely solved.