Microwave instabilities in electron rings with negative momentum compaction factor
Bunch lengthening (or shortening) caused by the potential well distortion and the microwave instability in electron rings with negative momentum compaction factor is discussed in detail based on the resonator impedance model; further, a comparison with rings of positive momentum compaction factor is given. It was found that the bunch shape is less deformed and the current threshold of the microwave instability is higher in the rings with negative momentum compaction factor over a very wide range of the impedance parameters. The results also show that even within the range where the threshold for positive momentum compaction is higher than that for negative momentum compaction, the bunch lengthening is still less serious in most cases. Finally, an example of bunch lengthening in the case that /spl alpha/<0 with a real wake field of the SLC damping ring (old vacuum chamber) is given in contrast to the case in which /spl alpha/>0.

title: THE PROPOSED EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BEAM-PHOTOELECTRON INTERACTIONS IN BEPC
abstract: A vertical collective effect suspected as photoelectron instability (PEI) has been observed at Photon Factory (PF) of KEK in recent years. This phenomena may impose a limitation on the performance of the proposed B-Factories or T-c Factories. An experiment has been planned to test it using positron beam at Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC) in 1996 under the cooperation between IHEP and KEK. Preliminary simulation results have shown that the PEI may occur in BEPC on the total beam current level of 40 mA over more than 20 bunches. The instrumentation for observation of PEI is jointly prepared by both sides of IHEP and KEK. The machine study has been scheduled and the experiment will progress under the conditions of the best machine performance.

title: Microwave instabilities in electron rings with negative momentum compaction factor
abstract: Bunch lengthening (or shortening) caused by the potential well distortion and the microwave instability in electron rings with negative momentum compaction factor is discussed in detail based on the resonator impedance model; further, a comparison with rings of positive momentum compaction factor is given. It was found that the bunch shape is less deformed and the current threshold of the microwave instability is higher in the rings with negative momentum compaction factor over a very wide range of the impedance parameters. The results also show that even within the range where the threshold for positive momentum compaction is higher than that for negative momentum compaction, the bunch lengthening is still less serious in most cases. Finally, an example of bunch lengthening in the case that /spl alpha/<0 with a real wake field of the SLC damping ring (old vacuum chamber) is given in contrast to the case in which /spl alpha/>0.

title: BEAM INSTABILITIY STUDIES OF BEPC AND BEPCII
abstract: BEPC has been well operated for more than 15 years, and it will be upgraded to a double ring electron positron collider in the existing tunnel, namely BEPCII. This paper describes the recent studies on beam instabilities for the improvement of BEPC performance as well as for BEPCII. The instabilities caused by impedance and twostream effects are investigated. The experimental and simulation results are reported.

title: Electron cloud instability experiments on the BEPC
abstract: The electron cloud instability (ECI), which takes place in positively charged particle circular accelerators, is studied both experimentally and theoretically in the recent years. Many ECI-related experiments, including electron cloud (EC) measurement, beam parameter dependences, instability cure, etc., have been carried out on the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC) since 1996. A great number of fruitful results are obtained from these experiments, which also influence the simulation studies in the meantime. Ways to control the ECI are also studied in the experiments. Some achievements are beneficial for the BEPCII, the upgraded project of BEPC in the near future.

title: Electron cloud instability studies in the Beijing Electron Positron Collider
abstract: The electron cloud instability (ECI) in the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC) was studied systematically with experiments and simulations in recent years. Several electron cloud detectors have been installed into the BEPC storage ring to measure the electron yield. The effects of solenoid, the clearing electrode, the chromaticity, and the octupole on ECI have been investigated in BEPC experimentally. To evaluate the ECI in BEPCII, the upgrade project of BEPC, a computer code has been developed to simulate the electron density in the antechamber under different conditions, as well as the progress of the single bunch and coupled-bunch instabilities caused by the electron cloud. The experimental and simulation results, as well as the activities, are reported in this paper.

title: ACCRETION DISKS IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI: GAS SUPPLY DRIVEN BY STAR FORMATION
abstract: Self-gravitating accretion disks collapse to star-forming (SF) regions extending to the inner edge of the dusty torus in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). A full set of equations including feedback of star formation is given to describe the dynamics of the regions. We explore the role of supernova explosions (SNexp), which act to excite turbulent viscosity, in the transportation of angular momentum in the regions within 1 pc scale. We find that accretion disks with typical rates in AGNs can be driven by SNexp in the regions and metals are produced spontaneously. The present model predicts a metallicity-luminosity relationship consistent with that observed in AGNs. As relics of SF regions, a ring (or belt) consisting of old stars remains for every episode of supermassive black hole activity. We suggest that multiple stellar rings with random directions interact and form a nuclear star cluster after episodes driven by star formation.

title: Precision measurement of charged pion and kaon differential cross sections in e+ e- annihilation at sqrt[s]=10.52  GeV.
abstract: Measurements of inclusive differential cross sections for charged pion and kaon production in e+ e- annihilation have been carried out at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=10.52  GeV. The measurements were performed with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+ e- collider using a data sample containing 113×10(6) e+ e- → qq events, where q={u,d,s,c}. We present charge-integrated differential cross sections dσ(h±)/dz for h±={π±,K±} as a function of the relative hadron energy z=2E(h)/sqrt[s] from 0.2 to 0.98. The combined statistical and systematic uncertainties for π± (K±) are 4% (4%) at z∼0.6 and 15% (24%) at z∼0.9. The cross sections are the first measurements of the z dependence of pion and kaon production for z>0.7 as well as the first precision cross section measurements at a center-of-mass energy far below the Z0 resonance used by the experiments at LEP and SLC.

title: Precision measurements of the timelike electromagnetic form factors of pion, kaon, and proton.
abstract: Using 20.7 pb(-1) of e(+)e(-) annihilation data taken at sq.rt(r) = 3.671 GeV with the CLEO-c detector, precision measurements of the electromagnetic form factors of the charged pion, charged kaon, and proton have been made for timelike momentum transfer of |Q(2)| = 13.48 GeV(2) by the reaction e(+)e(-) --> h(+)h(-). The measurements are the first ever with identified pions and kaons of |Q(2)| > 4 GeV(2), with the results F(13.48 GeV(2)) = 0.075 +/- 0.008(stat) +/- 0.005(syst) and F(K)(13.48 GeV(2)) = 0.063 +/- 0.004(stat) +/- 0.001(syst). The result for the proton, assuming G(p)(E) = G(p)(M), is G(p)(M)(13.48 GeV(2)) = 0.014 +/- 0.002(stat) +/- 0.001(syst), which is in agreement with earlier results.

title: Development of Measurement and Transverse Feedback System at HLS
abstract: In order to cure and damp coupled bunch (CB) instabilities caused by the high order modes (HOMs) of the RF cavity and the resistive wall impedance of the Ring vacuum chamber. HOMs are ineluctable during the operation of the accelerator. An observer system characterized by bunch by bunch measurement of transverse β oscillation and longitudinal synchrotron phase oscillation has been constructed and commissioned at Hefei Light Source (HLS) [1, 2]. A transverse bunch-by-bunch feedback system is under construction. The design and development of the observe systems, as well as diagnostics results of machine instabilities are presented in this paper.

title: HLS bunch current measurement system
abstract: Bunch current is an important parameter for studying the injection fill-pattern in the storage ring and the instability threshold of the bunch, and the bunch current monitor also is an indispensable tool for the top-up injection. A bunch current measurement (BCM) system has been developed to meet the needs of the upgrade project of Hefei Light Source (HLS). This paper presents the layout of the BCM system. The system based on a high-speed digital oscilloscope can be used to measure the bunch current and synchronous phase shift. To obtain the absolute value of bunch-by-bunch current, the calibration coefficient is measured and analyzed. Error analysis shows that the RMS of bunch current is less than 0.01 mA when bunch current is about 5 mA, which can meet project requirement.