Charged Particles Multiplicity in Interactions of 3.7 A GeV 28Si with Light and Heavy Target Nuclei in Nuclear Emulsions
Results from measurement of multiplicity of different charged particles emitted from the interactions of 3.7 A GeV 28 Si with different target groups in nuclear emulsion and correlations among them are presented. The nature of the dependence of multiplicities of charged particles on the impact parameter is examined. Analysis of data in terms of specific multiplicity for different target groups is performed and the results are discussed in the light of superposition model.

title: Ageing of CsI thin film photocathodes induced by UV photons
abstract: The degradation of CsI thin film photocathodes (PCs) under UltraViolet (UV) irradiation has been investigated by measuring the photocurrent as well as the absolute Quantum Efficiency (QE) as a function of the accumulated charge density. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and UV Photoemission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) have been employed to study the surface morphology and the local QE of polycrystalline CsI thin films and their transformation due to UV irradiation. The photoemissive properties of CsI PCs, together with their surface morphology, have been found to be strongly affected by the UV photon ageing.

title: Prediction of Charged Hadron Multiplicity at LHC and CBM Experiments
abstract: A systematic study of charged hadron multiplicities ($n_{ch}$) at various collision energies is very much important in understanding the basic production mechanism of the hadrons in nucleus-nucleus collision experiments. Furthermore, the variations of $n_{ch}$ in nucleus-nucleus collisions with respect to the colliding energy and mass number can provide a potential probe for the formation of quark gluon plasma (QGP) in the laboratory. In this paper, we propose a phenomenological model based on the constituent quark-quark interactions to calculate the average multiplicity ($n_{ch}$) and pseudorapidity density at mid-rapidity ($(dn_{ch}/d\eta)_{\eta=0}$) of charged hadrons at various center-of-mass energies $(\sqrt{s_{NN}})$ for nucleus-nucleus ($A-A$) collisions. We first propose a new parametrization for $n_{ch}^{pp}$ and $(dn_{ch}/d\eta)^{pp}_{\eta=0}$ in $p-p$ interactions based on some initial inputs which fit the experimental data very well. We further extend this parametrization by using simple phenomenological assumptions regarding mean number of participating quarks and mean number of collisions to obtain the $n_{ch}$ and $(dn_{ch}/d\eta)_{\eta=0}$ for $A-A$ collisions and show their dependencies on the mass number of colliding nuclei as well as on $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$. We also compare the results obtained from our model with the results obtained from the modified Glauber model in order to demonstrate the difference between the two formalisms. Finally, we compare the charged hadron multiplicity and pseudorapidity density at mid-rapidity for $A-A$ collisions obtained from our model with the available experimetal data from various heavy-ion collision experiments and give our predictions for $A-A$ collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and at Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiments.

title: Transition in yield and azimuthal shape modification in dihadron correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions.
abstract: Hard-scattered parton probes produced in collisions of large nuclei indicate large partonic energy loss, possibly with collective produced-medium response to the lost energy. We present measurements of π^{0} trigger particles at transverse momenta p{T}{t}=4-12  GeV/c and associated charged hadrons (p{T}{a}=0.5-7  GeV/c) vs relative azimuthal angle Δϕ in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sqrt[s{NN}]=200  GeV. The Au+Au distribution at low p{T}{a}, whose shape has been interpreted as a medium effect, is modified for p{T}{t}<7  GeV/c. At higher p{T}{t}, the data are consistent with unmodified or very weakly modified shapes, even for the lowest measured p{T}{a}, which quantitatively challenges some medium response models. The associated yield of hadrons opposing the trigger particle in Au+Au relative to p+p (I{AA}) is suppressed at high p{T} (I{AA}≈0.35-0.5), but less than for inclusive suppression (R{AA}≈0.2).

title: Integral frequency distribution of projectile alpha fragments in nuclear multifragmentations at intermediate and high energies
abstract: The integral frequency distributions of the numbers of projectile alpha fragments produced in nuclear multifragmentations at intermediate and high energies are studied by a simple two-source model. The calculated results are approximately in agreement with the experimental data of 16 O, 40 Ar, 56 Fe, 84 Kr, 139 La, and 197 Au multifragmentations in nuclear emulsions at 2.00 A , 1.80 A , 1.80 A , 0.08–1.70 A , 0.60–0.99 A , and 0.60–0.99 A GeV, respectively. The initial energy of nuclear limiting fragmentation is expected to be at or lower than 0.08 A GeV. Two correlations between the mean multiplicity of projectile alpha fragments ( 〈 n α 〉 ) and the projectile mass number, as well as 〈 n α 〉 and the maximum multiplicity of projectile alpha fragments are observed.

title: India-based Neutrino Observatory: Project Report. Volume I.

title: Preequilibrium emission in α induced reactions on bromine and thallium

title: Reaction mechanism in the O 16 + Al 27 system: Measurements and analysis of excitation functions and angular distributions
abstract: To study the dynamics of heavy ion fusion reactions in the lower mass region, experiments were carried out to measure the cross sections of radioactive residues produced in the interaction of the {sup 16}O ion with {sup 27}Al target nucleus at 19 different energies in very close intervals covering the energy range from {approx_equal}58 to 94 MeV, using the well-known recoil catcher off-line {gamma}-ray spectroscopy technique. The simulation of experimental data was performed using statistical-model-based computer codes, viz., CASCADE, PACE2, and ALICE-91. The analysis of measured excitation functions indicates that these residues are likely to be produced by complete fusion, incomplete fusion, and direct reaction processes. Furthermore, to confirm the contribution of different reaction channels, a complementary experiment was performed that measured the angular distributions of the residues produced in the {sup 16}O+{sup 27}Al system at 85 MeV beam energy. The analysis of the results of both experiments indicates that at these energies, the direct reactions compete with complete fusion and incomplete fusion reaction processes.

title: Role of high ℓ values in the onset of incomplete fusion
abstract: A particle-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$-coincidence experiment is performed to investigate the role of high $\ensuremath{\ell}$ values in the production of direct-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-emitting channels (associated with incomplete fusion) in $^{12}\mathrm{C}+^{169}\mathrm{Tm}$ system. Spin distributions of various $\mathit{xn}/\mathit{pxn}/\ensuremath{\alpha}\mathit{xn}/2\ensuremath{\alpha}\mathit{xn}$ channels are measured at ${E}_{\mathrm{lab}}=5.6A$ and $6.5A$ MeV. Entirely different de-excitation patterns are observed in direct-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-emitting channels and fusion-evaporation channels. The fusion-evaporation channels are found to be strongly fed over a broad spin range. While narrow range feeding for only high-spin states was observed in the case of direct-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-emitting channels, in the present work, incomplete fusion is shown to be a promising tool to populate high-spin states in final reaction products. To have better insight into the associated $\ensuremath{\ell}$ values in different reaction channels, the present data are compared with similar data obtained in $^{16}\mathrm{O}({E}_{\mathrm{lab}}\ensuremath{\approx}5.6A \mathrm{MeV}) +  system. The mean driving angular momenta involved in the production of direct-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-emitting channels are found to be higher than those involved in the production of fusion-evaporation channels. Direct-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$ multiplicity in the forward cone increases with driving angular momenta, which indicates the origin of direct-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-emitting channels at high $\ensuremath{\ell}$ values in noncentral interactions.

title: Spin-distribution measurement: A sensitive probe for incomplete fusion dynamics
abstract: Spin distributions of various reaction products populated via complete and/or incomplete fusion of {sup 16}O with {sup 169}Tm have been measured at projectile energy {approx_equal}5.6 MeV/nucleon. Particle (Z=1,2) {gamma}-coincidences have been employed to achieve the information about involved reaction modes on the basis of their entry state spin populations. The experimentally measured spin distributions for incomplete fusion products have been found to be distinctly different than those observed for complete fusion products. The driving input angular momenta associated with incomplete fusion products have been found to be relatively higher than complete fusion products, and increases with direct {alpha}-multiplicity. It has also been observed that incomplete fusion products are less fed and/or the population of lower spin states are strongly hindered, while complete fusion products indicating strong feeding over a broad spin range.

title: Incomplete fusion dynamics by spin distribution measurements
abstract: Spin distributions for various evaporation residues populated via complete and incomplete fusion of $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ with $^{124}\mathrm{Sn}$ at $6.3$ MeV/nucleon have been measured, using charged particles ($Z=1,2$)-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidence technique. Experimentally measured spin distributions of the residues produced as incomplete fusion products associated with ``fast'' $\ensuremath{\alpha}$- and $2\ensuremath{\alpha}$-emission channels observed in the ``forward cone'' are found to be distinctly different from those of the residues produced as complete fusion products. Moreover, ``fast'' $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particles that arise from larger angular momentum in the entrance channel are populated at relatively higher driving input angular momentum than those produced through complete fusion. The incomplete fusion residues are populated in a limited, higher-angular-momentum range, in contrast to the complete fusion products, which are populated over a broad spin range.