Absolute branching fraction measurements for D+ and D0 inclusive semileptonic decays.
We present measurements of the inclusive branching fractions for the decays D+-->Xe+ nu(e) and D0-->Xe+ nu(e), using 281 pb(-1) of data collected on the psi(3770) resonance with the CLEO-c detector. We find B(D0-->Xe+ nu(e)) = (6.46+/-0.17+/-0.13)% and B(D+-->Xe+ nu(e)) = (16.13+/-0.20+/-0.33)%. Using the known D meson lifetimes, we obtain the ratio Gamma(D+)sl/Gamma(D0)sl = 0.985+/-0.028+/-0.015, confirming isospin invariance at the level of 3%. The positron momentum spectra from D+ and D0 have consistent shapes.

title: Searches for Majorana neutrinos in $B^-$ decays
abstract: Searches for heavy Majorana neutrinos in B- decays in final states containing hadrons plus a \mu- \mu- pair have been performed using 0.41/fb of data collected with the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The D+ \mu- \mu- and D*+ \mu- \mu- final states can arise from the presence of virtual Majorana neutrinos of any mass. Other final states containing \pi+, Ds+, or D0\pi+ can be mediated by an on-shell Majorana neutrino. No signals are found and upper limits are set on Majorana neutrino production as a function of mass, and also on the B- decay branching fractions.

title: Performance of the CLEO III LiF-TEA ring imaging Cherenkov detector in a high-energy muon beam
abstract: LiF radiators to generate Cherenkov photons which are then detected by proportional wire chambers using a mixture of CH 4 and TEA gases. The first two photon detector modules which were constructed, were taken to the Fermilab and tested in a beam dump that provided high-momentum muons. We report on results using both plane and “sawtooth”–shaped radiators. Specifically, we discuss the number of photoelectrons observed per ring and the angular resolution. The particle separation ability is shown to be sufficient for the physics of CLEO III.

title: First spatial alignment of the LHCb VELO and analysis of beam absorber collision data
abstract: A first alignment of the LHCb Vertex Locator has been obtained from beam induced tracks at the LHC. A 450 GeV/c protons were collided on a beam absorber during the LHC synchronisation tests of the anti-clockwise beam in August and September 2008. The resulting particle tracks have been reconstructed by the Vertex Locator. This was the first full reconstruction of tracks induced by the LHC beam. The quality of the data obtained is discussed. A total of 2200 tracks were reconstructed from the full data sample, and a first spatial alignment was obtained. The detector is aligned to an accuracy of Slim in the sensor plane. The results confirm that all detector modules have not been displaced from their surveyed positions by more than 10 mm.

title: Measurement of the relative branching fraction of upsilon(4S) to charged and neutral B-meson pairs.
abstract: We analyze 9.7x10(6) B_B pairs recorded with the CLEO detector to determine the production ratio of charged to neutral B-meson pairs produced at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. We measure the rates for B0-->J/psiK((*)0) and B+-->J/psiK((*)+) decays and use the world-average B-meson lifetime ratio to extract the relative widths f(+-) / f(00) = gamma(Upsilon(4S)-->B+B-) / gamma(Upsilon(4S)-->B0 B-0)) = 1.04+/-0.07(stat)+/-0.04(syst). With the assumption that f(+-)+f(00) = 1, we obtain f(00) = 0.49+/-0.02(stat)+/-0.01(syst) and f(+-) = 0.51+/-0.02(stat)+/-0.01(syst). This production ratio and its uncertainty apply to all exclusive B-meson branching fractions measured at the Upsilon(4S) resonance.

title: Measurement of the Ds+ - Ds- production asymmetry in 7 TeV pp collisions
abstract: Article history: Received 4 May 2012 Received in revised form 30 May 2012  W.-D. Schlatter Heavy quark production in 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy pp collisions at the LHC is not necessarily flavour symmetric. The production asymmetry, AP, between D+s and D−s mesons is studied using the φπ± decay mode in a data sample of 1.0 fb−1 collected with the LHCb detector. The difference between π+ and π− detection efficiencies is determined using the ratios of fully reconstructed to partially reconstructed D∗± decays. The overall production asymmetry in the D±s rapidity region 2.0 to 4.5 with transverse momentum larger than 2 GeV is measured to be AP = (−0.33 ± 0.22 ± 0.10)%. This result can constrain models of heavy flavour production.

title: Assembly history and structure of galactic cold dark matter haloes
abstract: We use the Aquarius simulation series to study the imprint of assembly history on the structure of Galaxy-mass cold dark matter haloes. Our results confirm earlier work regarding the influence of mergers on the mass density profile and the inside-out growth of haloes. The inner regions that contain the visible galaxies are stable since early times and are significantly affected only by major mergers. Particles accreted diffusely or in minor mergers are found predominantly in the outskirts of haloes. Our analysis reveals trends that run counter to current perceptions of hierarchical halo assembly. For example, major mergers (i.e. those with progenitor mass ratios greater than 1:10) contribute little to the total mass growth of a halo, on average less than 20 per cent for our six Aquarius haloes. The bulk is contributed roughly equally by minor mergers and by ‘diffuse’ material which is not resolved into individual objects. This is consistent with modelling based on excursion-set theory which suggests that about half of this diffuse material should not be part of a halo of any scale. The simulations themselves suggest that a significant fraction is not truly diffuse, since it was ejected from earlier haloes by mergers prior to their joining the main system. The Aquarius simulations resolve haloes to much lower mass scales than are expected to retain gas or form stars. Thus, the fraction of diffuse dark matter accreted by haloes represents a lower limit to the fraction of diffuse baryons accreted by galaxies. Our results thus confirm that most of the baryons from which visible galaxies form are accreted diffusely, rather than through mergers, and they suggest that only relatively rare major mergers will affect galaxy structure at later times.

title: Measurement of the Decay $K_L \to \pi^0 e^+ e^- \gamma$
abstract: We report on a new measurement of the branching ratio B(KL -> pi0 e+ e- gamma) using the KTeV detector. This analysis uses the full KTeV data set collected from 1997 to 2000. We reconstruct 139 events over a background of 14, which results in B(KL -> pi0 e+ e- gamma) = (1.62 +/- 0.14 (stat) +/- 0.09 (syst)) x 10^{-8}. This result supersedes the earlier KTeV measurement of this branching ratio.

title: Measurement of branching fractions for two-body B meson decays with charmonium at Belle

title: Investigating the Nuclear Obscuration in Two Types of Seyfert 2 Galaxies
abstract: We build a large sample of Seyfert 2 galaxies (Sy2s) with both optical spectropolarimetric and X-ray data available, in which 29 of the Sy2s have a detection of polarized broad emission lines (PBLs) and 25 do not. We find that for luminous Sy2s with L-[O III] > 10(41) ergs s(-1), sources with PBLs have smaller X-ray absorption column densities in comparison to those without PBLs (at a 92.3% confidence level): most of the Sy2s with N-H < 10(23.8) cm(-2) show PBLs (86%; 12 out of 14), while the fraction is much smaller for sources with heavier obscuration (54%; 15 out of 28). The confidence level of the difference in absorption bounces up to 99.1% when using the thickness ("T'') ratio (F2-10 keV/F-[O III]) as an indicator. We rule out observation or selection bias as the origin for the difference. Our results, for the first time with high statistical confidence, show that, in additional to the activity of the nuclei, the nuclear obscuration also plays an important role in the visibility of PBLs in Sy2s. These results can be interpreted in the framework of the unified model. We can reach these results in the unified model if (1) the absorption column density is higher at large inclinations and (2) the scattering region is obscured at large inclinations.

title: GRB 071112C: A Case Study of Different Mechanisms in X-ray and Optical Temporal Evolution
abstract: We present a study on GRB 071112C X-ray and optical light curves. In these two wavelength ranges, we have found different temporal properties. The R-band light curve showed an initial rise followed by a single power-law decay, while the X-ray light curve was described by a single power-law decay plus a flare-like feature. Our analysis shows that the observed temporal evolution cannot be described by the external shock model in which the X-ray and optical emission are produced by the same emission mechanism. No significant color changes in multi-band light curves and a reasonable value of the initial Lorentz factor ({Gamma}{sub 0} = 275 {+-} 20) in a uniform interstellar medium support the afterglow onset scenario as the correct interpretation for the early R band rise. The result suggests that the optical flux is dominated by afterglow. Our further investigations show that the X-ray flux could be created by an additional feature related to energy injection and X-ray afterglow. Different theoretical interpretations indicate the additional feature in X-ray can be explained by either late internal dissipation or local inverse-Compton scattering in the external shock.