Glueballs and topology in lattice QCD with two light flavors.
We obtain estimates of the lightest glueball masses, the string tension, and the topological susceptibility in an exploratory study of QCD with two light flavors of quarks. Our calculations are performed at {beta}=5.6 with staggered quark masses {ital m}{sub {ital q}}=0.010 and 0.025 and on lattices ranging from 12{sup 4} to 16{sup 4}. Our estimates suggest that, just as in the pure gauge theory, the 0{sup ++} is the lightest glueball with the 2{sup ++} about 50% heavier. Our {ital m}{sub {ital q}}=0.01 results predict a 0{sup ++} glueball mass of about 1.6 times the {rho} mass and the square root of the string tension of about 0.48 times the {rho} mass, which is surprisingly close to the usual phenomenologically motivated estimates of around 0.55. Our value of the topological susceptibility at {ital m}{sub {ital q}}=0.01 is consistent with the prediction, to {ital O}({ital m}{sub {ital q}}) of the standard anomalous Ward identity. However, the variation of this susceptibility between {ital m}{sub {ital q}}=0.01 and {ital m}{sub {ital q}}=0.025 is weaker than the linear dependence one expects at small {ital m}{sub {ital q}} in the broken-chiral-symmetry phase of QCD.

title: Infrared and ultraviolet properties of the Landau gauge quark propagator
abstract: We present a current summary of a program to study the quark propagator using lattice QCD. We use the Overlap and “Asqtad” quark actions on a number of lattice ensembles. to assess systematic errors. We comment on the place of this work amongst studies of QCD Green's functions in other formulations. A preliminary calculation of the running quark mass is presented.

title: Biased Metropolis-heat-bath algorithm for fundamental-adjoint SU(2) lattice gauge theory
abstract: For SU(2) lattice gauge theory with the fundamental-adjoint action an efficient heat-bath algorithm is not known so that one had to rely on Metropolis simulations supplemented by overrelaxation. Implementing a novel biased Metropolis-heat-bath algorithm for this model, we find improvement factors in the range 1.45 to 2.06 over conventionally optimized Metropolis simulations. If one optimizes further with respect to additional overrelaxation sweeps, the improvement factors are found in the range 1.3 to 1.8.

title: Divergent chiral condensate in the quenched Schwinger model
abstract: We calculate numerically the eigenvalue distribution of the overlap Dirac operator in the quenched Schwinger model on a lattice. The distribution does not fit any of the three universality classes of spontaneous chiral-symmetry breaking, and its strong volume dependence indicates that the chiral condensate in the quenched theory is an ill-defined and divergent quantity. When we reweight configurations with the Dirac determinant to study the theory with N{sub f}=1, we obtain a distribution of eigenvalues that is well-behaved and consistent with the theory of explicit symmetry breaking due to the anomaly.

title: Search for symmetry restoration in the fundamental SU(2) Higgs model
abstract: The phase structure of the fundamental SU(2) Higgs model at finite temperature is investigated close to the zero-temperature Higgs transition by Monte Carlo methods. In the confined phase at zero temperature we find a crossover from a confined to a deconfined region that remains quite sharp on lattices of temporal extent NT = 4 even close to the Higgs transition. On asymmetric lattices the Higgs transition shifts slightly compared to the zero-temperature, symmetric lattice, giving indirect evidence for symmetry restoration at high temperature.

title: Study of chiral symmetry in quenched QCD using the overlap Dirac operator
abstract: We compute fermionic observables relevant to the study of chiral symmetry in quenched QCD using the overlap Dirac operator for a wide range of fermion mass. We use analytical results to disentangle the contribution from exact zero modes and simplify our numerical computations. Details concerning the numerical implementation of the overlap Dirac operator are presented.

title: Dynamics of multidimensional generalization of Bianchi type-IX cosmological models.
abstract: We investigate the dynamics of an 11-dimensional homogeneous cosmological model. We assume that the t = const hypersurfaces are products of a 3-dimensional Bianchi type-IX space and a 7-dimensional torus. Most results of our investigation hold when the 7-dimensional torus is replaced by an m-dimensional torus T/sup m/. We show that for a large class of vacuum solutions the physical space expands while the microspace contracts providing a natural mechanism of dimensional reduction. Matter satisfying a simple barotropic equation of state always breaks the process of dynamical dimensional reduction. With special attention we study the behavior of our model close to the initial singularity. In contrast with the 4-dimensional Bianchi type-IX cosmological model the Kasner solution always describes an approach to the initial singularity. We study the transition from the Kasner regime to the oscillatory regime. We show that matter does not significantly change this property. We have found some exact solutions; they describe isotropic physical space, and axially symmetric physical space. We also investigate high-temperature quantum effects and their effects on the dynamics of our model. We show that the high-temperature quantum corrections do not depend on the geometrical properties of space, provided it is compact. The high-temperature quantummore » corrections can be described by a macroscopic equation of state satisfied by radiation.« less

title: Evidence for muon production by particles from Cygnus X-3.
abstract: We have observed underground cosmic-ray muons, corresponding to a secondary flux of  x 10/sup -11/ cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/, at a depth of 1800-m water equivalent, which appear to be initiated by Cygnus X-3. This identification is based on both direction and phase coherence. The existence of such secondary muons conflicts with the current understanding of photon cascades and/or the nature and location of Cygnus X-3.

title: Nuclear transparency to large-angle pp elastic scattering.
abstract: Large-angle pp elastic and quasielastic (p,2p) scattering have been simultaneously observed in hydrogen and each of several nuclear targets (Li, C, AL, Cu, Pb) at incident proton momenta of 6, 10, and 12 GeV/c. The nuclear transparency is the ratio of such a cross section in a nucleus to the free pp cross section. The transparency of aluminum increases with incident momentum by more than a factor of 2 from 6 to 9.5 GeV/c and falls significantly between 9.5 and 12 GeV/c. This occurs in a region where the free-proton nucleon-absorption cross section exhibits little energy dependence. QCD predicts an increase in transparency with energy.

title: Comparison of exclusive reactions at large t.
abstract: Cross sections or upper limits are reported for 12 meson-baryon and two baryon-baryon reactions for an incident momentum of 9.9 GeVc, near 90/sup 0/ c.m.: ..pi../sup +- /p..-->..p..pi../sup +- /,pp/sup +- /,..pi../sup +0//sup +- /,K/sup +/)Sigma)/sup +- /, (..lambda../sup 0/)Sigma)/sup 0/)K/sup 0/;K/sup +- /p..-->..pK/sup +- /;p/sup +- /p..-->..pp. By studying the flavor dependence of the different reactions, we have been able to isolate the quark-interchange mechanism as dominant over gluon exchange and quark-antiquark annihilation

title: Measurement of the Omega - magnetic moment.
abstract: A sample of 24 700 {Omega}{sup {minus}} hyperons was produced by a prolarized neutral beam in a spin-transfer reaction. The {Omega}{sup {minus}} polarizations are found to be {minus}0.054{plus minus}0.019 and {minus}0.149{plus minus}0.055 at mean {Omega}{sup {minus}} momenta of 322 and 398 GeV/{ital c}, respectively. The directions of these polarizations give an {Omega}{sup {minus}} magnetic moment of {minus}(1.94{plus minus}0.17{plus minus}0.14){mu}{sub {ital N}}